REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL First Progress report on the implementation of the Commission Staff Working Paper "Pollutant emission reduction from maritime transport and the Sustainable Waterborne Transport Toolbox"
Date: 2013-06-28
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU financing, application of EU law, maritime transport, pollution from ships, reduction of gas emissions, tool industry

EUROPEAN 
COMMISSION 

Brussels, 28.6.2013  
COM(2013) 475 final 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND 
THE COUNCIL 

First Progress report on the implementation of the Commission Staff Working Paper 
"Pollutant emission reduction from maritime transport and the Sustainable Waterborne 
Transport Toolbox" 

(Text with EEA relevance) 

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REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND 
THE COUNCIL 

First Progress report on the implementation of the Commission Staff Working Paper 
"Pollutant emission reduction from maritime transport and the Sustainable Waterborne 
Transport Toolbox" 

(Text with EEA relevance) 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 4 

Purpose of the first progress report and reporting period ............................................ 4 

Summary and structure of the first progress report...................................................... 4 

SHORT – TERM MEASURES -- CURRENT STATE OF IMPLEMENTATION 
AND NEXT STEPS..................................................................................................... 5 

EU transport funding instruments ................................................................................ 5 

European Investment Bank (EIB) ................................................................................ 6 

National funding........................................................................................................... 7 

2.3.1.  State aid measures ........................................................................................................ 7 

2.3.2.  National & Regional schemes in support of sustainable shipping............................... 8 

2.4. 

International dialogue and technical co-operation ....................................................... 8 

3. 

MEDIUM AND LONGER TERM MEASURES – THE SUSTAINABLE 
WATERBORNE TRANSPORT TOOLBOX – STATE OF PLAY AND NEXT 
STEPS .......................................................................................................................... 9 

3.1. 

Coordination with Stakeholders and Member States ................................................... 9 

3.1.1.  Guidance on the implementation of Directive 2012/33/EU......................................... 9 

3.2. 

Regulatory measures .................................................................................................. 10 

3.2.1.  Framework conditions for the use of marine LNG as ship fuel................................. 10 

3.2.1.1.  Work undertaken at the IMO ..................................................................................... 10 

3.2.1.2.  Work undertaken at the ISO....................................................................................... 10 

3.2.1.3.  Work undertaken at EU level..................................................................................... 11 

3.2.2.  Scrubbing technology................................................................................................. 12 

3.2.2.1.  Approval of on-board exhaust gas cleaning systems ................................................. 12 

3.2.2.2.  Requirements for scrubber generated waste .............................................................. 13 

3.2.3.  Shore side electricity (SSE) ....................................................................................... 13 

3.3. 

3.4. 

4. 

Development of infrastructure ................................................................................... 14 

Research, technological development, and Innovation.............................................. 14 

CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................... 15 

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ANNEX 1 ................................................................................................................................. 16 

ANNEX 2................................................................................................................................. 19 

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1. 

INTRODUCTION  

In  September  2011,  the  Commission  presented  the  staff  working  paper  "Pollutant  emission 
reduction from maritime transport and the Sustainable Waterborne Transport Toolbox1". This 
document,  referred  to  as  the  "Toolbox",  accompanied  the  proposal  for  an  amendment  to 
Directive  1999/32/EC  of  26  April  1999,  transposing  the  2008  International  Maritime 
Organization  (IMO)  standards  on  the  maximum  level  of  sulphur  permitted  for  fuels  used  in 
the shipping sector. 

The  Toolbox  proposed  a  number  of  short-term  accompanying  measures,  under  the  current 
financial perspective, to reduce compliance costs in relation to the new low sulphur standards. 
It  also  proposed  a  set  of  medium  and  longer-term  accompanying  measures  aimed  at 
addressing the environmental challenges confronting the EU shipping sector from a broader 
perspective and in a more integrated manner.  

1.1. 

Purpose of the first progress report and reporting period  

On  21  November  2012,  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  adopted  Directive 
2012/33/EU amending Council Directive 1999/32/EC on the sulphur content of marine fuels2. 
The Directive promotes the use of alternative technology-based methods of compliance to the 
fuel-based  option,  e.g.  on-board  exhaust  gas  cleaning  systems,  alternative  fuels  such  as 
liquified natural gas (LNG) and shore-side electricity.  

Article 1, paragraph 10, point (c) 2 of Directive 2012/33/EU requests that the Commission, in 
cooperation  with  Member  States  and  stakeholders  develop  "appropriate  measures,  including 
those  identified  in  the  Commission's  staff  working  paper  of  September  2011  promoting 
compliance  with  the  environmental  standards  of  this  Directive,  and  minimise  the  possible 
negative impacts".  

This  first  Progress  Report  covers  the  period  from  September  2011  to  January  2013  and 
presents the current state of implementation of the measures set out in the toolbox and puts 
forward  proposals  for  closer  cooperation  between  the  Commission,  Member  States  and 
industry stakeholders to manage the implementation of the measures and provides a means for 
developing additional measures where appropriate. 

1.2. 

Summary and structure of the first progress report  

Implementing  technology  to  comply  with  the  Directive  requires  capital  investment  by  the 
private sector, supported by the public sector where necessary. Chapter 2 briefly describes the 
progress  to  date  related  to  the  short  -  term  accompanying  measures,  which  were  aimed  at 
ensuring that current EU financial instruments, and national funding schemes, would continue 
to provide specific support to maritime-based projects which focused on promoting solutions 
complying  with  the  new  low  sulphur  standard.  It  outlines  accomplishments  as  well  as 
challenges hampering their implementation, and proposes actions to address them. 

Work  on  the  formulation  of  medium  and  longer-term  accompanying  measures  has  already 
commenced with a set of actions focusing on identifying and addressing the regulatory gaps 
hampering  the  safe  and  secure  implementation  of  clean  ship  technologies  and  use  of 
alternative  fuels,  notably  marine  LNG,  as  well  as  on  the  development  of  the  necessary 
standards and green infrastructure. Chapter 3 briefly summarizes the current state of play of 
this process and outlines the way forward for the Commission, Member States, and industry 
stakeholders to jointly progress the toolbox implementation. In this context, the Commission 

1 
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SEC (2011)1052 final 
OJ L 327, 27.11.2012, p.1 

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proposes the creation of a dedicated expert group – the European Sustainable Shipping Forum 
(ESSF). Chapter 4 presents the conclusion and summarises the next steps.  

Annex  1  to  this  report  presents  a  Roadmap  for  advancing  the  implementation  of  the 
Sustainable  Waterborne  Transport  Toolbox  and  Annex  2  lists  the  TEN-T  co-funded 
Motorways  of  the  Sea  (MoS)  and  ports  projects  in  support  of  the  low  sulphur  political 
priority. 

2. 

SHORT – TERM MEASURES -- CURRENT STATE OF IMPLEMENTATION 
AND NEXT STEPS 

2.1. 

EU transport funding instruments  

Throughout 2011 and 2012, the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN–T) and the second 
Marco Polo Programmes have provided specific financial support to maritime-based projects 
focused on promoting solutions for compliance with the new low sulphur standard and which 
would facilitate the use of on-board exhaust gas cleaning systems and alternative fuels such as 
LNG and shore side electricity. 

(a) 

TEN-T Programme 

The  TEN-T  Programme  has  co-funded  a  number  of  projects  which  have  contributed  to 
meeting  the  objective  of  increasing  support  for  the  use  of  low  sulphur  fuels  including 
feasibility  studies,  design  studies,  pilot  actions,  and  works  facilitating  the  development  of 
green  infrastructure  such  as  marine  LNG,  shore  shore-based  bunkering  infrastructure,  shore 
shore-side power supply and scrubbing technology. The total value of these TEN-T co-funded 
Motorways of the Sea (MoS) and ports projects is 123.3 million Euros of which 56.9 million 
Euros is the total contribution of the EU. 

LNG  bunkering  infrastructure  developments  have  taken  place  not  only  in  the  Sulphur 
Emission  Control  Area  (SECA)  area  but  also  in  the  Mediterranean  Sea  and  the  Atlantic 
Ocean.  These  developments  have  mainly  been  of  a  voluntary  nature  at  the  initiative  of  the 
Southern EU Member States and have the potential to contribute to the deployment of LNG 
bunkering facilities in the whole EU.  

Support for the greener shipping sector and related port infrastructure development including 
marine  LNG  bunkering  barges  will  remain  a  priority  under  the  subsequent  annual  and 
multiannual TEN-T calls for proposals. There also needs to be a focus on other measures such 
as  the  validation  and  testing  of  innovative  clean  technologies,  support  for  alternative  fuels, 
including  LNG,  and  the  possibility  of  particular  ship  adjustments  in  order  to  meet 
environmental standards. It will also be important to address new measures combined with an 
upgrade to existing and planned Motorway of the Sea (MoS) connections. State aid rules will 
be observed with respect to TEN-T projects, where applicable.  

Marco Polo II Programme  

(b) 
In 2011, the Marco Polo Programme3 introduced a specific political priority supporting Short 
Sea  Shipping  (SSS)  based  projects  implementing  innovative  emission  reduction  technology 
and efficient operational practices.  

However,  despite  the  call  for  proposals  in  2011,  there  was  a  poor  response  from  industry 
mainly  as  a  result  of  the  difficult  economic  and  financial  climate.  This  meant  that  no  SSS 
project  responding  to  the  specific  priority  was  selected.  Additionally,  issues  related  to  SSS 
competitiveness  and  environmental  friendliness,  including  likely  distortions  in  the  logistics 

3 

C (2011) 7317, 19.10.2011 

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chain  or  modal  backshift  from  sea  to  land-based  transport  as  a  result  of  the  introduction  of 
stricter  low  sulphur  standards  in  the  European  designated  Sulphur  Emission  Control  Area 
(SECA)  in  2015  are  being  considered  within  the  framework  of  an  accompanying  measure 
"Contribution to European programme for the support of Short Sea Shipping". The European 
Shortsea  Network  (ESN)  composed  of  Shortsea  Promotion  Centres  (SPCs)  currently 
implements  this  measure4.  As  a  first  step,  ESN  is  to  develop  by  the  end  of  2013  a 
methodology  for  data  collection  and  assessment  of  such  possible  impacts  on  the  shortsea 
sector in the SECA area. 

The 2012 Marco Polo Call (with a budget of €64.6 m illion) has maintained its priorities for 
clean and environmental friendly Short Sea Shipping (SSS). Initial indications suggest that the 
2012  call  attracted  substantially  more  projects  for  SSS  than  in  2011  and  the  results  of  the 
project evaluations will become available in the first half of 2013. 

In  order  to  ensure  continuity  of  all  these  initiatives  under  the  next  Multi-annual  Financial 
Framework  2014-20,  it  will  be  important  to  ensure  that  the  activities  to  support  measures 
benefitting  clean  shipping  will  be  continued  through  the  follow-up  of  the  Marco  Polo 
programme  within  the  revised  Trans-European  Transport  Networks  (TEN-T)5  and  the 
Connecting  Europe  Facility  (CEF)6.  The  Commission  proposals  for  TEN-T  and  CEF  are 
currently being  discussed  in  the  legislative  procedure between the  European Parliament and 
the Council. 

Next steps 

Action 

Responsible 
actors 

Timeline 

1.  Apply for funding under the 2012 TEN-T Multi-

MS/Industry 

annual and Annual Calls for proposals 

2.  Use  the  opportunities  provided  by  the  2013 

Industry 

Closed 
28/02/2013 
1st semester 2013  

Marco Polo Call. 

3.  Analyse  possible  ways  of  adjusting  the  criteria 
of  the  Marco  Polo  II  Programme  in  order  to 
better  reflect  market  conditions  and  enable 
funding to green shipping projects.  

4.  Ensure  better  use  of  the  EU  transport  funding 
instruments  and  coordination  with  other  EU 
instruments i.e. Structural funds, EIB loans, etc. 
5.  Ensure  continuity  of  the  ESN  work  related  to 
possible  impacts  (i.e.  modal  backshift)  on  the 
shortsea sector in the SECA area.  

EC/MS 

Early 2013 

EC/MS/Industry 

Early 2013 

EC/ 
ESN/SPCs 

 2013-2014 

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5 

6 

Pursuant to article 12 of the Marco Polo Regulation (EC) No. 1692/2006/of the European Parliament 
and the Council of 24 October 2006 establishing the second Marco Polo Programme for the granting of 
financial assistance to improve the environmental performance of the freight transport system ("Marco 
Polo II"), OJ L 328, 24.11.2006,p.1, the Work Programme 2011 covered four additional accompanying 
measures. "Contribution to European programme for the support of Short Sea Shipping (SSS)" is being 
realized through a grant in the meaning of Article 168(1)f of the implementing rules for the financial 
regulation applicable to the general budget of the EU. The estimated budget is 350.000 Euro. 
Proposal  for  a  Regulation  of  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  on  Union  guidelines  for  the 
development of the Trans-European Transport Network, COM(2011)0650 final  
Proposal  for  a  Regulation  of  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  establishing  the  Connecting 
Europe Facility, COM(2011)0665 final 

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EC- European Commission, MS- Member States, ESN – European Shortsea Network, SPC – Shortsea Promotion Centre 

2.2. 

European Investment Bank (EIB)  

The  EIB  has  continued  to  provide  financing  to  maritime  transport  projects  focusing  on 
supporting,  in  line  with  the  EU  legislation,  the  development  of  clean  ship  technology  and 
increased fuel efficiency. For instance, EIB loans could cover up to half of the costs incurred 
for new ships (especially if using new technology) or fleet-wide optimisation projects such as 
exhaust  gas  scrubber  installations  and  adaptation  of  engines  to  use  LNG,  provided  that  the 
minimum  size  of  the  loan  is  EUR  50  million.  However,  to  date,  there  have  been  few 
applications for funding to the EIB. 

One  option  to  address  the  low  response  from  the  shipping  sector  could  be  to  create  more 
awareness of the EIB lending conditions for shipping. Furthermore, opportunities could arise 
by  exploring  possible  cross-sectoral  (multi-stakeholder)  partnerships7  which  could  bring 
together  partners  working  together  to  develop,  secure  financing,  and  implement  maritime 
projects,  which  could  aim  inter  alia  to  test,  validate,  and  deploy  clean  ship  technologies. 
Bundling  a  number  of  upgrading  projects  in  order  to  achieve  critical  mass  of  required 
investment (i.e. above EUR 50 million), could be another option that could be explored by the 
sector. Moreover, the use of other innovative financial instruments implemented by the EIB, 
such as the Loan Guarantee for TEN-T (LGTT) or the pilot phase of the Europe 2020 Project 
bond  initiative8,  to  finance  large  European  maritime  infrastructure  projects  or  the  Risk-
Sharing Finance Facility to finance pilot and demonstration activities should be explored. The 
recent Green  paper9 on long-term  financing  of the  European Economy should also be taken 
into account. 

Next steps 

Action 

6.  Create  more  awareness  about  the  EIB 
for 

framework 

conditions 

lending 
shipping.  

7.  Explore  opportunities  for  possible  cross-
sector partnerships that could secure EIB 
financing for maritime projects. 

8.  Explore  the  use  of  the  LGTT  or  the  pilot 
phase  of  the  Europe  2020  project  bond 
initiative for financing maritime transport 
infrastructure  projects  with  long  payback 
periods. 
9.  Explore 

financial  bundling  of 
upgrading  projects  in  order  to  request 
general EIB loans 

the 

Responsible 
actors 

EIB/EC/Industry 

EC/ESSF 

EC/MS/Industry/ 

ESSF  

ESSF 

Timeline

-

2013 
2014 

 2013-
2014 

 2013-
2014 

 2013-
2014 

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e.g.  an  alliance  between  organizations  from  two  or  more  sectors  such  as  business,  government, 
intergovernmental organizations acting in the maritime domain. 
Regulation (EU) No 670/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 July 2012 amending 
Decision  No  1639/2006/EC  establishing  a  Competitiveness  and  Innovation  Framework  Programme 
(2007-2013)  and  Regulation  (EC)  No  680/2007  laying  down  general  rules  for  the  granting  of 
Community financial aid in the field of the trans-European transport and energy networks 
COM(2013) 150 final 

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EIB- European Investment Bank, ESSF – European Sustainable Shipping Forum  

2.3. 

National funding  

2.3.1. 

State aid measures covered by the Environmental State Aid Guidelines 

The  conditions  for  the  application  of  State  aid  provisions  to  support  early  adaptation  to  the 
new  environmental  standard,  foreseen  in  section  3.1.1.  and  3.1.2.  of  the  Community 
Guidelines  on  State  aid  for  environmental  protection10,  were  further  clarified.  Accordingly, 
Member States wishing to provide support to operators affected by the low sulphur standard 
introduced by Directive 2012/33/EU may grant State aid for:  

•  The acquisition of new ships that comply with the new sulphur limits provided that 
acquisition takes place until one year before the new standard enters into force, i.e. 
until  31  December  2013.  The  maximum  aid  intensity  is  10%,  15%  and  20%, 
respectively for large, medium and small-sized companies; 

•  Retrofitting of existing vessels in order to comply with the new sulphur limits (e.g. 
installation  of  scrubbers)  before  the  new  standard  enters  into  force,  i.e.  until  31 
December  2014.  The  maximum  aid  intensity  is  50%,  60%,  and  70%,  respectively 
for large, medium, and small-sized companies. 

Due to the current budget deficits and austerity measures adopted by most EU Member States, 
the application of this possibility has been limited. So far, Finland is the only Member State 
that has provided such support for early adaptation to the recently adopted Sulphur Directive. 
The  Commission  approved  the  Finnish  support  scheme  on  7  December  201111  and  on  23 
January  2013,  it  approved  some  amendments  to  the  original  scheme12  .  In  addition,  the 
Finnish authorities implemented an individual aid on the basis of this scheme in favour of a 
new LNG driven ferry between Turku and Stockholm13.  

2.3.2.  Other national & regional schemes in support of sustainable shipping  

In addition to measures in support of early adaptation to the new environmental standard, it is 
necessary  to  examine  the  case  for  specific  public  involvement  at  a  national  and/or  regional 
level to enable sustainable shipping in compliance with State aid rules. These could take the 
form of incentives for green ships calling at national ports e.g. green port dues and port tariffs, 
tax  exemptions,  or  other  national  schemes  that  could  reward  early  investors  in  clean  ship 
technology and promoters of sustainable shipping. 

Next steps  

10 
11 

12 

13 

OJ C 82. 1.4.2008, p.1. 
SA. 32118 - Finland – The scheme on general guidelines on investment aid to vessels for the purpose of 
improving environmental protection; OJ C 22, 27.1.2012, p. 4. 
SA.35686 (2012/N) – Finland - "Amendments to the Scheme on General Guidelines on Investment Aid 
to Vessels for the Purpose of Improving Environmental Protection"); published on 23 January 2013..  
SA.33382  –  Finland  -  State  aid  related  to  environmental  protection  for  Viking  Line  Ltd.,  adopted  on 
25.04.2012, OJ C 160, 6.6.2012, p. 9. 

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2.4. 

International dialogue and technical co-operation  

Action 

10. Examine  the  introduction  of  national  funding 
schemes  in  support  of  early  compliance  by 
national  ship  operators  with  the  low  sulphur 
standard.  

11. Identify possible incentives applicable at local, 
national and regional level i.e. green port dues 
and tariffs for green ships (in compliance with 
State aid rules). 

Responsible 
actors 

MS  

MS, 
Industry 

Timeline

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

The  Commission  has  included  the  Toolbox  on  the  agenda  of  the  bilateral  and  multilateral 
maritime  transport  dialogue  meetings  with  key  partners  including  the  United  States  of 
America,  China,  Japan,  Norway,  and  Brazil.  The  purpose  of  these  exchanges  is  to  ensure 
major partners are informed about EU proposals, learn about their efforts in the area, identify 
opportunities for joint action, and ensure a global compatibility of technical and operational 
measures.  Coordination  with  initiatives  at  the  IMO,  the  International  Organization  for 
Standardization  (ISO)  and  other  relevant  bodies  will  be  essential  to  ensure  global 
interoperability of possible technical and operational standards that might be adopted at EU or 
international level. 

Next steps 

Action 

12. Continue  the  maritime  international  dialogue 
with  major 
international  partners  and 
coordination  with  IMO  /  ISO  on  maritime 
sustainability related topics. 

Responsible 
actors 

EC  assisted 
by EMSA 

Timeline

On-
going  

3. 

MEDIUM AND LONGER TERM MEASURES – STATE OF PLAY AND NEXT 
STEPS 

The  Sustainable  Toolbox  proposed  medium  and  longer-term  accompanying  measures  along 
the  following  components:  regulatory  EU  measures,  clean  ship  technology  and  alternative 
fuels,  green  infrastructure,  possible  financing  opportunities,  research  and  development 
activities, innovation, and international cooperation.  

3.1. 

Coordination with Stakeholders and Member States  

Given  the  multitude  of  possible  approaches  and  solutions  and  reflecting  the  need  voiced  by 
many industry stakeholders and Member States for a more structured exchange of information 
and coordination of efforts in order to advance Toolbox implementation, the Commission will 
undertake  the  creation  of  a  dedicated  expert  group  –  the  European  Sustainable  Shipping 
Forum (ESSF). 

The ESSF will bring together representatives of Member States as well as private and public 
organisations  to  enable  a  structural  dialogue,  exchange  of  best  practice  and  technical 
knowledge,  cooperation  and  coordination  between  relevant  public  and  private  maritime 
industries'  stakeholders  and  relevant  Commission  services  in  areas  jointly  identified.  The 

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ESSF will provide an opportunity to discuss practical issues that may be encountered during 
the  implementation  process,  in  particular  during  the  transition  phase  before  the  entry  into 
force of the new standards. The ESSF will thus also provide a platform to discuss short-term 
measures  as  described  in  chapter  2  above.  The  ESSF  will  furthermore  take  due  account  of 
regional specificities wherever necessary. 

It is envisaged that the ESSF will operate with the following structure: a plenary, a secretariat, 
and  non-permanent  technical  working  groups  to  take  forward  the  work  of  the  ESSF  on 
specific issues. The ESSF will  be  chaired  by the Commission and  will approve its  terms of 
reference  based  on  a  proposal  by  the  Commission.  It  is  envisaged  that  the  ESSF  will  be 
established via a respective Commission decision. 

3.1.1.  Guidance on the implementation of Directive 2012/33/EU 

Directive  2012/33/EU  was  published  in  the  EU's  Official  Journal  on  27  November  2012. 
Member States have until 18 June 2014 to transpose the Directive into their national law. The 
Directive foresees a number of implementing and delegated acts, which aim, inter alia, to help 
Member  States  with  the  monitoring,  implementation  and  enforcement  of  the  Directive.  The 
Directive  also  foresees  that  a  committee  and  an  expert  group  composed  of  Member  States' 
experts will assist the Commission to prepare these acts. 

To enable this process, it is envisaged that an Expert Group discussing the implementation of 
Directive 2012/33/EU will be set-up under the ESSF.  

Next steps 

Action 

13. Set-up  the  European  Sustainable  Shipping 

Forum (ESSF).  

14. Organize  first  ESSF  Plenary  meeting  and 
launch the work of the ESSF technical working 
groups 

Responsible 
actors 

EC together with 
all concerned 
stakeholders  

EC, ESSF 

Timeline

1st half of 
2013 

2nd half of 
2013 

15. Discuss 

the 
2012/33/EU 

implementation  of  Directive 

EC, MS, ESSF, 
Industry 

2nd half of 
2013 - 2015 

3.2. 

Regulatory measures  

3.2.1.  Framework conditions for the use of marine LNG as ship fuel 

Fulfilling  the  potential  offered  by  LNG  as  a  ship  fuel  requires  that  every  effort  is  made  in 
order to guarantee that all the necessary safety rules are in place, and that this happens in a 
timely  manner  so  that  legal  uncertainty  is  removed.  Work  is  in  progress  at  both  the 
international, at IMO and the ISO and EU levels to ensure this happens. 

3.2.1.1.  Work undertaken at the IMO 

At  present,  the  IMO  subcommittee  on  Bulk  Liquids  and  Gases  (BLG)  is  working  on  the 
International Gas as Fuel Code (IGF), which will supersede the IMO Interim Guidelines for 
gas  as  ship  fuel  (MSC.  285(86)).  Important  technical  questions  are  still  under  examination, 
such  as  the  location  of  the  LNG  tank,  the  safeguards  against  damage  by  collisions  and 

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groundings, the use of portable tanks, or the rules for bunkering operations. These technical 
questions are of critical importance, not least in the case of passenger ships. Aspects relating 
to  the  training  of  seafarers  will  need  to  be  examined,  too.  The  IGF  Code  is  expected  to  be 
finalized in 2014. 

3.2.1.2.  Work undertaken at the ISO  

Within  ISO,  the  relevant  technical  committee  (ISO  TC  67  Working  Group  10)  is  currently 
working on the development of guidelines for systems and installations for supply of LNG as 
fuel  to  ships  including  requirements  for  safety,  components  and  systems  and  training.  The 
first  draft  of  the  guidelines  will  be  finalized  in  2013.  These  guidelines  will  supplement  the 
ISO body of work related to marine LNG. 

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3.2.1.3.  Work undertaken at EU level  

(a)  Mandatory technical standards for alternative fuels infrastructure deployment 

On  24  January  2013,  the  Commission  presented  the  Clean  Power  Transport  Package, 
including  a  proposal  for  a  Directive  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the  Council  on  the 
deployment  of  alternative  fuels  infrastructure14.  The  proposed  Directive  requires  Member 
States to ensure that all maritime ports of the TEN-T core network are equipped with LNG 
refuelling points for waterborne vessels by 31 December 2020 (Article 6, paragraph 2). The 
proposed  Directive  also  requires  that  all  refuelling  points  respect  certain  technical 
specifications by 31 December 2015 (Article 6, paragraph 4). 

LNG refuelling points for waterborne vessels shall comply with European standards yet to be 
elaborated and based on the global ISO standard ISO/TC67/WG10. 

(b)  Procedures and rules for marine LNG distribution and bunkering  

The absence of common procedures and harmonised rules for the distribution and bunkering 
of LNG to ships at EU level is currently being addressed by the Commission in cooperation 
with the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA). This work was supported by meetings 
of an ad-hoc expert group on marine LNG organised in April, June and December 2012 by the 
Commission and EMSA.  

The expert group focused mainly on taking stock of the current rules and standards on LNG 
and on identifying potential barriers hampering the wide scale use of LNG as ship fuel in the 
EU.  

In addition, the Commission, assisted by EMSA, is following and coordinating its work with 
the on-going regulatory developments at international level addressing the use of marine LNG 
bunkering  within  the  IMO,  the  ISO,  the  International  Association  of  Ports  and  Harbors 
(IAPH), and the Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators (SIGTTO). 

Furthermore, EMSA has commissioned external expertise for carrying out a gap analysis on 
standards and rules for bunkering gas-fuelled ships.  

The  European  Commission  will  continue  the  discussions  and  work  towards  the  adoption  of 
EU-wide  LNG  bunkering  framework  conditions  compatible  at  international  level.  The 
Commission  Staff  working  document  on  "Actions  towards  a  comprehensive  EU  framework 
on  LNG  for  shipping"  accompanying  the  Communication  on  Clean  Transport  for  Power:  A 
European alternative fuels strategy15 sets out the results achieved so far and further steps until 
the end of 2014 towards a comprehensive set of rules, standards, and guidelines.  

(c)  Support actions  

The  European  Parliament  has  also  proposed  preparatory  action  (with  a  budget  €1  million) 
aimed at supporting the introduction of adequate framework conditions for LNG for shipping, 
e.g. through focussed studies. The scope of the action is yet to be finalised and will take into 
account the outcome of gap analysis work undertaken in 2012 by the Commission, EMSA and 
relevant  stakeholders.  It  may  also  support  any  future  actions  envisaged  to  further  develop 
framework conditions for marine LNG use following the discussions in the ESSF. 

14 
15 

COM(2013)018 final 
COM (2013) 17 final of 24.01.2013 

EN 

12 

   EN 

 
 
                                                 
Next steps marine LNG 

Given  the  complexity  of  this  topic,  there  is  a  need  to  widen  the  scope  and  participation  to 
other  stakeholders  in  the  marine  LNG  supply  chain  to  include  relevant  Member  States 
authorities. It is therefore envisaged that a working group on marine LNG is set up under the 
ESSF.  The  working  group  will  base  its  work  inter  alia  on  the  results  of  the  ad-hoc  expert 
group  on  LNG,  the  recommendations  issued  by  the  EMSA  legal  gap  analysis  study  and 
further feasibility studies supported by the TEN-T Programme i.e. Northern EU LNG project 
etc.. 

This working group will provide advice to the ESSF on technical and legal aspects dedicated 
to developing framework conditions (standards, guidelines, and/or regulations) for facilitating 
LNG as marine fuel at EU level and may carry out the following actions: 

Action 

16. Develop  common,  harmonized  guidelines/ 
standards/rules  for  marine  LNG  as  ship 
fuel 
technical,  operational, 
safety, security and training aspects for : 

covering 

transfer, storage and distribution,  
bunkering 
use on-board ship 

(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
17. Analyse  some  of  the  potential  market 
barriers  hampering  the  deployment  of 
LNG i.e. organisational, operational, cost-
related and the lack of information.  

18. Maintain  links  and  ensure  coordination 
with  on-going  regulatory  developments  at 
international  level  addressing  the  use  of 
marine  LNG  i.e.  in  IMO,  ISO,  IAPH, 
SIGTTO etc. 

19. Provide  guidance  and  support  for  the 
creation  and  assessment  of  effective 
business 
chain 
(LNG 
approach). 

supply 

cases 

20. Enhance  public  awareness  about 

the 

benefits of marine LNG. 

Responsible 
actors 

EC/EMSA/ESSF 

Timeline

2013-
2014 

EC/ 
ESSF 

EC/ 
ESSF 

EC/ 
ESSF 

EC/ 
ESSF 

EMSA/ 

EMSA/ 

EMSA/ 

EMSA/ 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

3.2.2. 

Scrubbing technology  

3.2.2.1.  Approval of on-board exhaust gas cleaning systems 

Harmonised  requirements  for  the  approval  of  on-board  exhaust  gas  cleaning  systems 
(scrubbing  technology)  for  ships  flying  the  flag  of  an  EU  Member  State  were  incorporated 
into Commission Directive 2011/75/EU of 2 September 201116, amending Council Directive 
96/98/EC on marine equipment17. According to these new provisions, from 5 October 2012, 

16 
17 

OJ L 239, 15.9.2011, p. 1 
OJ L 46, 17.2.1997, p. 25 

EN 

13 

   EN 

 
 
                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
scrubbers  placed  on  board  EU  ships  must  comply  with  the  standards  laid  down  in  Annex 
A.118 of the Directive.  

3.2.2.2.  Requirements for scrubber-generated waste 

Some  types  of  scrubbers  generate  waste  that  can  not  be  discharged  into  the  sea  but  that  do 
need to be properly treated. Accordingly, requirements for scrubber-generated waste will be 
assessed  by  the  Commission  services  during  the  ongoing  review  process  of  Directive 
2000/59/EC  of  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  of  27  November  2000  on  port 
reception facilities for ship generated waste and cargo residues. 

Next steps scrubbing technology 

Given  the  technical,  operational  and  economic  challenges  associated  with  the  installation, 
operation and maintenance of exhaust gas cleaning systems (scrubbers), it is envisaged that a 
working group on Scrubbing technology should be established under the ESSF. The working 
group will consider, inter alia, the suitability of scrubbers to be fitted on all types of engines 
and  all  categories  and  size  of  vessels,  initial  cost,  availability,  maturity  of  the  products, 
payback  time,  disposal  of  residues  (sludge),  and  crew  training.  This  working  group  will 
advise  the  ESSF  on  technical,  economic,  and  operational  aspects  relating  to  the  use  of 
scrubbing technology in shipping. 

Action 

21. Propose  to  include  the  residues  from  exhaust 
gas  cleaning  systems  under 
the  revised 
Directive  2000/59/EC  on  port  reception 
facilities. 

22. Assess 

the  need 

for  guidelines  and/or 
standards  for  scrubbing  technology  covering 
technical,  operational  and  safety  aspects, 
including training for crew, as well as marine 
pollution aspects. 

23. Identify and analyse potential market barriers 
hampering scrubbing technology take-up. 

24. Ensure  coordination  with  ongoing  regulatory 
initiatives  at  international  level,  i.e.  the  IMO 
work  on  wash  water  criteria  for  exhaust  gas 
cleaning systems. 

25. Exchange 

information  on  on-going  and 
planned  projects  and  trials  related  to  the 
installation  of  scrubbing  technology  on  board 
vessels.  

3.2.3. 

Shore side electricity  

Responsible 
actors 

EC 

EC/  EMSA/ 
ESSF/ 

EC/ESSF 

EC  assisted 
by EMSA 

EC/  EMSA/ 
ESSF 

Timeline

2nd 
quarter 
2013 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

2013-
2014 

Standardisation efforts to foster the introduction of this technology which can greatly reduce 
local  pollution  in  ports,  and  could  in  the  future  be  fed  by  clean  offshore  wind  energy  are 
already  on  the  way.  The  proposal  for  a  Directive  on  the  deployment  of  alternative  fuels 

18 

Annex A.1 – Equipment for which detailed testing standards already exist in international instruments 

EN 

14 

   EN 

 
                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
infrastructure19,  requires  Member  States  to  ensure  that  shore  side  electricity  supply  for 
waterborne vessels is installed in ports provided that is cost effective and has environmental 
benefits.  Furthermore,  the  proposed  Directive  requires  that  shore  side  electricity  complies 
with  the  relevant  EN  standard  and  technical  specifications  of  the  recently  adopted  global 
standard IEC/ISO/IEEE 80005-1 by 31 December 2015.  

Further incentives are proposed in the current revision of Directive 2003/96/EC of 27 October 
2003  restructuring  the  Community  framework  for  the  taxation  of  energy  products  and 
electricity. The Commission proposal provides for a mandatory temporary tax exemption for 
shore-side electricity provided to ships while at berth in port. Once the directive is adopted, 
this  incentive  shall  apply  for  an  8-year  period.  However,  discussions  to  take  forward  the 
proposed legislation are still ongoing.  

Next steps  

Action 

26. Member states and industry to make best use 
of  the  incentives  provided  for  shore-side 
electricity.  

3.3. 

Development of infrastructure  

Responsible 
actors 

MS/industry 

Timeline

31/12/ 
2020 

The proposal for a new TEN-T Regulation sets infrastructure requirements that are aimed at 
facilitating  safe,  efficient,  smart,  energy-efficient,  and  sustainable  transport  services. 
Adequate consideration is given to new technologies and innovations deployment, including 
in  particular  the  provision  of  alternative  fuelling  facilities  required  to  use  clean  ship 
technologies.  TEN-T  support  will  facilitate  the  transition  to  cleaner  shipping  on  the  major 
traffic axes along the EU coasts and their interfaces with the hinterland.  

3.4. 

Research, technological development, and innovation  

The  EU  Seventh  Framework  Programme  (FP7)  for  transport  has  supported  a  number  of 
research projects20 looking specifically at the development of innovative maritime concepts, 
including  clean  ship  technologies,  alternative  fuels  and  operation  strategies  for  greening  the 
maritime transport. These actions are also taking account of the Maritime Strategic Research 
Agenda's  priorities  defined  by  the  industry  driven  "WATERBORNE  Technology  Platform" 
bringing  together  relevant  stakeholders  engaged  in  waterborne  transport  research  and 
development.21. The WATERBORNE Technology Platform is currently updating its Strategic 
Research Agenda in order to provide views on priorities for the next Working Programme to 
be  implemented  under  "Horizon  2020"  --  the  EU's  funding  programme  for  research  and 
innovation for 2014-2020. 

In order to meet the environmental and climate challenges facing the shipping sector, further 
investment  in  research  and  development  coupled  with  a  more  coordinated  and  consistent 
approach from the EU maritime community is needed. The 2011 White Paper "Roadmap to a 

19 
20 

21 

EN 

for 

(Strategic  Research 

COM(2013) 18 final 
Innovative  Marine  Propulsion  Concepts),  TEFLES 
STREAMLINE 
(Technologies  and  Scenarios  for  Low  Emissions  Shipping),  DEECON  (Innovative  After-treatment 
System  for  Marine  Diesel  Engine  Emission  Control)  and  HELIOS  (High  Pressure  Electronically 
Controlled  Gas  Injection  for  Marine  Two-stroke  Diesel  Engines)  are  examples  of  such  EU  funded 
research  projects  that  can  be  further  consulted  on  the  Community  Research  and  Development 
Information Service (CORDIS) website http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/home_en.html 
http://www.waterborne-tp.org/ 

15 

   EN 

 
                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
Single  European  Transport  Area  –  Towards  a  competitive  and  resource  efficient  transport 
system22"  has  set  ambitious  goals  for  CO2  emission  reductions  from  shipping.  Stakeholder 
contacts  show  that  the  industry  is  working  on  innovative  approaches  towards  zero  emission 
ships"23.  Generally,  increased  energy  efficiency  of  vessels  leads  to  reduced  overall  fuel 
consumption  and  thus  to  the  direct  reduction  of  emissions  of  pollutants  and  CO2.  Such 
technologies,  more 
innovative  approaches  require 
comprehensive studies and validation projects. 

integration  of  several  new 

the 

Research  and  development  options  for  the  implementation  of  the  Sustainable  Waterborne 
Transport  Toolbox  could  be  found  in  the  Horizon  2020,  under  the  "Smart,  Green  and 
Integrated Transport" societal challenge. To ensure the optimal benefit is achieved from the 
"Horizon  2020"  programme,  it  is  envisaged  that  a  working  group  on  Research,  Innovation, 
and  Technologies  is  established  under  the  ESSF.  The  working  group  will  elaborate  for  the 
ESSF on research and development orientations, requirements, and decisions in support of the 
Toolbox  through  the  Horizon  2020  specific  programme.  Wherever  necessary,  regional 
specificities will be taken into account.  

Next steps 

Action 

27. Contribute  to  the  definition  of  the  work 
programme for the calls for proposals under 
HORIZON 2020.  
(a) suggest  appropriate  topics  and  type  of 
actions.  
interested 
(b) 
organizations  to  make  best  use  of  Horizon 
2020  funding  for  the  implementation  of  the 
Toolbox. 

inform  and  guide 

the 

Responsible 
actors 

Timeline

EC/WTP/ESSF/ 

Throughout 2013 
and beyond 

28. Contribute  to  the  Strategic  Research  and 
Innovation Agenda for the maritime transport 
sector under Horizon 2020. 

EC/WTP/ ESSF 

Throughout 2013 
and beyond 

(a) monitor progress and update research 
and development requirements for the 
Toolbox. 

(b) help aligning the EU research and 
innovation actions with policy 
implementation. 

EC/WTP/ ESSF 

4. 

CONCLUSION  

The Commission will continue to work closely with Member States and stakeholders on the 
implementation  of  the  measures  identified  in  the  Commission's  staff  working  paper  of  16 
September  2011,  as  well  as  on  the  development  of  additional  measures  that  would  promote 

22 
23 

EN 

COM(2011)0144 final 
The  recent  LeaderSHIP  report  published  on  20  February  2013  also  contemplates  a  possible  private 
public  partnership  approach 
technical  accident  vessels 
(http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/maritime/shipbuilding/leadership2015/)  

towards  zero  emission 

/  zero 

16 

   EN 

 
                                                 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
further compliance with the low sulphur standard and foster sustainable and competitive EU 
shipping. To this end, the set of actions identified in the previous chapters and summarized in 
Annex 1 to this report will be implemented. 

In order to advance and coordinate this process, the Commission will undertake the creation 
of a wider stakeholder forum – the European Sustainable Shipping Forum (ESSF). The ESSF 
will  provide  a  platform  for  a  structural  dialogue,  exchange  of  best  practices  and  technical 
knowledge,  cooperation,  and  coordination  amongst  relevant  public  and  private  maritime 
industries'  stakeholders  and  relevant  Commission  services  in  areas  jointly  identified.  The 
ESSF will be assisted by technical working groups which will focus in the first instance on 
scrubbing 
technology  and  marine  LNG  deployment,  coordination  of  research  and 
development  activities  and  innovation  (working  on  the  basis  of  the  broader  research  and 
development orientations provided by the WATERBORNE Technology Platform), financing 
aspects and exchange of best practices for the implementation of Directive 2012/33/EU.  

The Commission will report on the progress made on the implementation of these measures in 
mid-2015.  

EN 

17 

   EN 

 
ANNEX 1: Roadmap for advancing the implementation of the Sustainable Waterborne 
Transport Toolbox  

Action 

1  Apply for funding under the 2012 TEN-T 
Multi-annual  and  Annual  Calls 
for 
proposals. 

Responsible 
Actors 

MS/Industry 

Timeline

Closed 
28/02/2013 

2  Use  the  opportunities  provided  by  the 

Industry 

1st semester 2013

2013 Marco Polo Call. 

3  Analyse  possible  ways  of  adjusting  the 
criteria of the Marco Polo II Programme 
reflect  market 
in  order 
conditions  and  enable  funding  to  green 
shipping projects 

to  better 

EC/MS 

Early 2013 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

Ensure  better  use  of  the  EU  Transport 
funding  instruments  and  coordination 
with other EU instruments i.e. Structural 
Funds, EIB loans, etc. 

EC/MS/Industry 

Early 2013 

Ensure  continuity  of  the  ESN  work 
related 
likely 
impacts  (i.e.  modal  back  shift)  on  the 
shortsea sector in the SECA area. 

the  assessment  of 

to 

Create  more  awareness  about  the  EIB 
for 
lending 
shipping. 

framework 

conditions 

Explore  opportunities for possible cross-
sector partnerships that could secure EIB 
financing for maritime projects. 

Explore the use of the LGTT or the pilot 
phase  of  the  Europe  2020  project  bond 
initiative for financing maritime transport 
infrastructure projects with long payback 
periods. 

the 

Explore 
financial  bundling  of 
upgrading  projects  in  order  to  request 
general EIB loans 

EC/ESN/SPCs 

2013-2014 

EIB/EC 

2013-2014 

EC/MS/Industry/ 

2013-2014 

ESSF 

EC/MS/Industry/ 

2013-2014 

ESSF 

MS/Industry/ESSF 

2013-2014 

10  Examine  the  introduction  of  national 
funding  schemes  in  support  of  early 
compliance  by  national  ship  operators 

MS 

2013-2014 

EN 

18 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Action 

Responsible 
Actors 

Timeline

with the low sulphur standard. 

11 

Identify possible incentives applicable at 
local,  national  and  regional  level  i.e. 
green  port  dues  and  tariffs  for  green 
ships  (in  compliance  with  State  aid 
rules). 

12  Continue 

international 
the  maritime 
international 
dialogue  with  major 
partners and coordination with IMO/ISO 
on maritime sustainability related topics. 

MS/Industry 

2013-2014 

EC assisted by EMSA 

Recurrent 

13  Set-up 

the  European 

Sustainable 

Shipping Forum (ESSF). 

EC together with 
relevant stakeholders 

1st half of 2013 

14  Organize first ESSF Plenary meeting and 
launch  the  work  of  the  ESSF  technical 
working groups. 

EC/ESSF 

2nd half of 2013 

15  Discuss  the  implementation  of  Directive 

EC/ MS/ ESSF/Industry 

2012/33/EU 

2nd half of 2013 - 
2015 

16 

common, 

Develop 
harmonized 
guidelines/  standards/rules  for  marine 
LNG  as  ship  fuel  covering  technical, 
operational,  safety,  security  and  training 
aspects for :  
(a) 

storage 

and 

transfer, 
distribution;  

EC/EMSA/ESSF 

2013-2014 

(b)  bunkering; 
(c)  use on board of ships.  

17  Analyze  some  of  the  potential  market 
barriers  hampering  the  deployment  of 
LNG i.e. organizational, operational, cost 
related and the lack of information. 

18  Maintain  links  and  ensure  coordination 
with  on-going  regulatory  developments 
at  international  level  addressing  the  use 
of marine LNG i.e. in IMO, ISO, IAPH, 
SIGTTO etc.. 

19  Provide  guidance  and  support  for  the 
creation  and  assessment  of  effective 
business  cases 
(LNG  supply  chain 
approach). 

EC/ EMSA/ ESSF 

2013-2014 

EC/ EMSA/ ESSF 

2013-2014 

EC/ EMSA/ ESSF 

2013-2014 

EN 

19 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Action 

Responsible 
Actors 

Timeline

20  Enhance  public  awareness  about  the 

EC/ EMSA/ ESSF 

2013-2014 

benefits of marine LNG. 

21  Propose  to  include  the  residues  from 
exhaust  gas  cleaning  systems  under  the 
revised  Directive  2000/59/EC  on  port 
reception 

22  Assess  the  need  for  guidelines  and/or 
technology 
for 
standards 
covering 
technical,  operational  and 
safety  aspects,  including  training  for 
crew, as well as marine pollution aspects 

scrubbing 

23 

Identify  and  analyse  potential  market 
barriers hampering scrubbing technology 
take-up 

24  Ensure 

ongoing 
coordination  with 
regulatory 
international 
initiatives  at 
level,  i.e.  the  IMO  work  on  wash  water 
criteria for exhaust gas cleaning systems. 

25  Exchange  information  on  on-going  and 
planned  projects  and  trials  related  to  the 
installation  of  scrubbing  technology  on 
board vessels. 

26  Member states and industry to make best 
use of the incentives provided for shore-
side electricity 

27  Contribute  to  the  definition  of  the  work 
programme  for  the  calls  for  proposals 
under Horizon 2020. Suggest appropriate 
topics  and  type  of  actions.  Inform  and 
guide  the  interesting  organizations  to 
make  best  use  of  Horizon  2020  funding 
for the implementation of the Sustainable 
Toolbox. 

28  Contribute to the Strategic Research and 
the  maritime 
Innovation  Agenda  for 
transport  sector  under  Horizon  2020. 
Monitor  progress  and  update  research 
and  development  requirements  for  the 
Transport 
Sustainable  Waterborne 
Toolbox.  Help  aligning  the  EU  research 

EC 

2nd quarter 2013 

EC/EMSA/ESSF 

2013-2014 

EC/ESSF 

2013-2014 

EC/ESSF 

2013-2014 

EC/EMSA/ESSF 

2013-2014 

MS/Industry 

31/12/2020 

EC/WTP/ESSF 

2013 and beyond 

EC/WTP/ESSF 

2013 and beyond 

EN 

20 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
Action 

Responsible 
Actors 

Timeline

innovation  actions  with  policy 

and 
implementation. 

EN 

21 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX  2:  TEN-T  supported  MoS  (Motorways  of  the  Sea)  and  ports  projects  with 
specific environmental dimension 

Published on : http://tentea.ec.europa.eu/en/ten-t_projects/ten-t_projects_by_transport_mode/water.htm 

More information about TEN-T funded projects is published on TEN-T Executive Agency website 

(http://tentea.ec.europa.eu/en/home/) 

On-going MoS Project portfolio: 

Project Code 

Title 

2010-EU-21112-S 

LNG infrastructure of filling 
stations and deployment in ships 

2009-EU-21010-P 

2011-EU-21002-P 

Baltic Link Gdynia-Karlskrona  
(part of the project related to 
shore side electricity in one port 
and two vessels) 
On Shore Power Supply - an 
integrated North Sea network 

2011-EU-21005-S 

LNG in Baltic Sea Ports 

2011-EU-21007-S 

COSTA 

Green Bridge on Nordic Corridor 
(part of the project related to 
installation of scrubbers on two 
vessels and shore-side electricity 
in two ports) 

2011-EU-21010-M 

Total 

On-going port projects portfolio: 

Project Code 

Title 

2011-ES-92138-S 

2011-EU-92151-S 

Blue Corridors enHance through 
the Application of Natural Gas 
Energy 

Green technologies and eco-
efficient alternatives for cranes 
& operations at port container 
terminals (GREENCRANES) 

Action 
type 

Planned 
duration 
(years) 

 Initial End 
Date 

Estimated 
End Date 

Initial  
total 
costs 
(€ M) 

TEN-T 
support (€ 
M)  

Studies 

3,2 

31/03/2013 

31/12/2013 

26,8 

9,6 

Works 

4,8 

31/10/2013 

31/10/2013 

85,5 

17,1 

Works 

Studies 

Studies 

Mixed 
(studies & 
works) 

3,3 

3,0 

2,8 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2013 

31/12/2013 

5,0 

4,8 

3,0 

1,0 

2,4 

1,5 

4,0 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

84,6 

19,8 

111,4 

51,4 

Action 
type 

Planned 
duration 
(years) 

 Initial End 
Date 

Estimated 
End Date 

Initial  
total 
costs 
(€ M) 

TEN-T 
support (€ 
M)  

Study 

1,3 

31/12/2013 

31/12/2013 

2,2 

1,1 

Study 

1,9 

31/05/2014 

31/05/2014 

3,6 

1,8 

2011-EU-92079-S  Make a Difference 

Study 

1,2 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

2,5 

1,2 

2011-FR-92026-S 

Technical and design studies 
concerning the implementation 
of a LNG bunkering station at the 
port of Dunkirk 

Study 

2,4 

31/12/2014 

31/12/2014 

2,3 

1,1 

2011-SE-92148-P 

Fjalir project 

Works 

1,2 

31/12/2013 

31/12/2013 

Total 

1,3 

11,9 

0,3 

5,5 

EN 

22 

   EN