Case C-43/10: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 11 September 2012 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Simvoulio tis Epikratias — Greece) — Nomarchiaki Aftodioikisi Aitoloakarnanias and Others v Ipourgos Perivallontos and Others (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directives 85/337/EEC, 92/43/EEC, 2000/60/EC and 2001/42/EC — Community action in the field of water policy — Diversion of the course of a river — Meaning of the time-limit for production of river basin management plans)
Date: 2012-09-11
Institutions: Court of Justice
Subjects: Greece, engineering structure, environmental impact, hydraulic works, national implementing measure, watercourse








C_2012355EN.01000202.xml










17.11.2012   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


C 355/2





Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 11 September 2012 (reference for a preliminary ruling from the Simvoulio tis Epikratias — Greece) — Nomarchiaki Aftodioikisi Aitoloakarnanias and Others v Ipourgos Perivallontos and Others
(Case C-43/10) (1)

(Reference for a preliminary ruling - Directives 85/337/EEC, 92/43/EEC, 2000/60/EC and 2001/42/EC - Community action in the field of water policy - Diversion of the course of a river - Meaning of the time-limit for production of river basin management plans)
2012/C 355/03
Language of the case: Greek

Referring court

Simvoulio tis Epikratias

Parties to the main proceedings


Applicants: Nomarchiaki Aftodioikisi Aitoloakarnanias, Dimos Agriniou, Dimos Iniadon, Emporiko kai Viomikhaniko Epimelitirio Aitoloakarnanias, Enosi Agrotikon Sinetairismon Agriniou, Aitoliki Etairia Prostasias Topiou kai Perivallontos, Elliniki Ornithologiki Etairia, Elliniki Etairia gia tin Prostasia tou Perivallontos kai tis Politistikis Klironomias, Dimos Mesolongiou, Dimos Aitolikou, Dimos Inakhou, Topiki Enosi Dimon kai Kinotiton Nomou Aitoloakarnanias, Pagkosmio Tamio gia ti Fisi WWF Ellas

Defendants: Ipourgos Perivallontos, Khorotaxias kai Dimosion Ergon, Ipourgos Esoterikon, Dimosias Diikisis kai Apokentrosis, Ipourgos Ikonomias kai Ikonomikon, Ipourgos Anaptixis, Ipourgos Agrotikis Anaptixis kai Trofimon, Ipourgos Politismou

Re:

Reference for a preliminary ruling — Simvoulio tis Epikratias — Interpretation of Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (OJ 2000 L 327, p. 1) — Works to divert a river — Meaning of the time-limit for the production of river basin management plans for the purposes of Article 13(6) of the directive

Operative part of the judgment







1.


Articles 13(6) and 24(1) of Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy must be interpreted as respectively fixing 22 December 2009 as the date of expiry of the period allowed to Member States for the publication of river basin management plans and 22 December 2003 as the date of expiry of the maximum period available to the Member States for the transposition of that directive, in particular Articles 3 to 6, 9, 13 and 15 thereof.










2.


Directive 2000/60 must be interpreted as meaning that:






—


it does not preclude, in principle, a provision of national law whereby consent is given, prior to 22 December 2009, to a transfer of water from one river basin to another or from one river basin district to another where the managements plans for the river basin districts concerned were not yet adopted by the competent national authorities;










—


such a transfer must not be such as seriously to jeopardise the realisation of the objectives laid down by that directive;










—


however, to the extent that that transfer is liable to have adverse effects on water of the kind stated in Article 4(7) of that directive, consent may be given to it, at the very least if the conditions set out in Article 4(7)(a) to (d) are satisfied, and










—


the fact that it is impossible for the receiving river basin or river basin district to meet from its own water resources its needs in terms of drinking water, electricity production or irrigation is not a sine qua non for such a transfer of water to be compatible with that directive provided that the conditions listed above are satisfied.














3.


The fact that a national parliament approves management plans for river basins, such as the plans at issue in the main proceedings, where no procedure for public information, consultation or participation has been implemented does not fall within the scope of Article 14 of Directive 2000/60, and in particular the scope of Article 14(1) thereof.










4.


Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment, as amended by Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003, and in particular Article 1(5) thereof, must be interpreted as not precluding legislation such as Law 3481/2006, adopted by the Greek Parliament on 2 August 2006, which approves a project for the partial diversion of the waters of a river such as that at issue in the main proceedings on the basis of an environmental impact assessment for that project which had served as the basis for an administrative decision adopted on the conclusion of a procedure which complied with the obligations in terms of public information and participation laid down by that directive, even where that decision was annulled by court order, provided that that legislation constitutes a specific legislative act, so that the objectives of that directive can be achieved through the legislative process. It is for the national court to determine whether those two conditions have been complied with.










5.


A project for the partial diversion of the waters of a river, such as that at issue in the main proceedings, is not to be regarded as a plan or programme falling within the scope of Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment.










6.


The areas which were listed in the national list of sites of Community importance transmitted to the European Commission pursuant to the second subparagraph of Article 4(1) of Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora and were then included in the list of SCIs adopted by Commission Decision 2006/613/EC of 19 July 2006 adopting, pursuant to Council Directive 92/43/EEC, the list of sites of Community importance for the Mediterranean biogeographical region were entitled, after notification of Decision 2006/613 to the Member State concerned, to the protection of that directive before that decision was published. In particular, after that notification, the Member State concerned also had to take the protective measures laid down in Article 6(2) to (4) of the directive.










7.


Directive 92/43, and in particular Article 6(3) and (4) thereof, must be interpreted as precluding development consent being given to a project for the diversion of water which is not directly connected with or necessary to the conservation of a special protection area, but likely to have a significant effect on that special protection area, in the absence of information or of reliable and updated data concerning the birds in that area.










8.


Directive 92/43, and in particular Article 6(4) thereof, must be interpreted as meaning that grounds linked, on the one hand, to irrigation and, on the other, to the supply of drinking water, relied on in support of a project for the diversion of water, may constitute imperative reasons of overriding public interest capable of justifying the implementation of a project which adversely affects the integrity of the sites concerned. Where such a project adversely affects the integrity of a site of Community importance hosting a priority natural habitat type and/or a priority species, its implementation may, in principle, be justified by grounds linked with the supply of drinking water. In some circumstances, it might be justified by reference to beneficial consequences of primary importance which irrigation has for the environment. On the other hand, irrigation cannot, in principle, qualify as a consideration relating to human health and public safety, justifying the implementation of a project such as that at issue in the main proceedings.










9.


Under Directive 92/43, and in particular the first sentence of the first subparagraph of Article 6(4) thereof, for the purposes of determining the adequacy of compensatory measures account should be taken of the extent of the diversion of water and the scale of the works involved in that diversion.










10.


Directive 92/43, and in particular the first subparagraph of Article 6(4) thereof, interpreted in the light of the objective of sustainable development, as enshrined in Article 6 EC, permits, in relation to sites which are part of the Natura 2000 network, the conversion of a natural fluvial ecosystem into a largely man-made fluvial and lacustrine ecosystem provided that the conditions referred to in that provision of the directive are satisfied.






(1)  OJ C 100, 17.04.2010.