Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION on the conclusion of the Agreement on certain aspects of air services between the European Union and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
Date: 2012-02-02
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: China, Macao, agreement (EU), air space, air transport, freedom of the skies

EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

Brussels, 2.2.2012  
COM(2012) 29 final 

2012/0015 (NLE) 

Proposal for a 

COUNCIL DECISION 

on the conclusion of the Agreement on certain aspects of air services between the 
European Union and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic 
of China  

 
 
 
 
 
 
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 

1. 

110 

Context of the proposal 

•  Grounds for and objectives of the proposal 

Following the judgements of the Court of Justice in the so-called “Open Skies” cases, 
on  5  June  2003  the  Council  granted  the  Commission  a  mandate  to  open  negotiations 
with  third  countries  on  the  replacement  of  certain  provisions  in  existing  agreements 
with an agreement at Union level1 (the “horizontal mandate”). The objectives of such 
agreements  are  to  give  all  European  Union  air  carriers  non-discriminatory  access  to 
routes  between  the  European  Union  and  third  countries,  and  to  bring  bilateral  air 
service agreements between Member States and third countries in line with the law of 
the Union. 

120 

•  General context 

International  aviation  relations  between  Member  States  and  third  countries  have 
traditionally  been  governed  by  bilateral  air  services  agreements  between  Member 
States and third countries, the Annexes to such agreements and other related bilateral 
or multilateral arrangements. 

Traditional  designation  clauses  in  Member  States’  bilateral  air  services  agreements 
infringe  the  law  of  the  Union.  They  allow  a  third  country  to  reject,  withdraw  or 
suspend the permissions or authorisations of an air carrier that has been designated by a 
Member  State  but  that  is  not  substantially  owned  and  effectively  controlled  by  that 
Member State or its nationals. This has been found to constitute discrimination against 
Community  carriers  established  in  the  territory  of  a  Member  State  but  owned  and 
controlled  by  nationals  of  other  Member  States.  This  is  contrary  to  Article  49  of  the 
Treaty  on  the  Functioning  of  the  European  Union  which  guarantees  nationals  of 
Member States who have exercised their freedom of establishment the same treatment 
in the host Member State as that accorded to nationals of that Member State. 

There  are  further  issues,  such  as  aviation  fuel  taxation  or  tariffs  introduced  by  third 
country  air  carriers  on  intra-EU  routes,  where  compliance  with  the  law  of  the  Union 
should be ensured through amending or complementing existing provisions in bilateral 
air services agreements between Member States and third countries. 

130 

140 

•  Existing provisions in the area of the proposal 

The provisions of the Agreement supersede or complement the existing provisions in 
the 15 bilateral air services agreements between Member States and the Macao Special 
Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. 

•  Consistency with the other policies and objectives of the Union 

The Agreement will serve a fundamental objective of the external aviation policy of the 
Union by bringing existing bilateral air services agreements in line with the law of the 

1 

Council Decision 11323/03 of 5 June 2003 (restricted document) 

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Union. 

2. 

Consultation of interested parties and impact assessment 

•  Consultation of interested parties 

211 

212 

3. 

305 

310 

329 

342 

Consultation methods, main sectors targeted and general profile of respondents 

Member States as well as the industry were consulted throughout the negotiations. 

Summary of responses and how they have been taken into account 

Comments made by Member States and the industry have been taken into account. 

Legal elements of the proposal 

•  Summary of the proposed action 

In  accordance  with  the  mechanisms  and  directives  in  the  Annex  to  the  ”horizontal 
mandate”,  the  Commission  has  negotiated  an  agreement  with  the  Macao  Special 
Administrative  Region  of  the  People's  Republic  of  China  that  replaces  certain 
provisions in the existing bilateral air services agreements between Member States and 
the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Article 2 
of the Agreement replaces the traditional designation clauses with an EU designation 
clause, permitting all EU carriers to benefit from the right of establishment. Article 4 
deals  with  the  taxation  of  aviation  fuel,  a  matter  which  has  been  harmonised  by 
Council Directive 2003/96/EC restructuring the Community framework for the taxation 
of  energy  products  and  electricity,  and  in  particular  Article  14  (2)  thereof.  Article  5 
resolves potential conflicts with the competition rules of the Union. 

•  Legal basis 

Art. 100(2), 218(6) (a) and (8) TFEU 

•  Subsidiarity principle 

The  proposal  is  entirely  based  on  the  “horizontal  mandate”  granted  by  the  Council 
taking into account the issues covered by the law of the Union and bilateral air services 
agreements. 

•  Proportionality principle 

The  Agreement  will  amend  or  complement  provisions  in  bilateral  air  services 
agreements  only  to  the  extent  necessary  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  law  of  the 
Union. 

•  Choice of instruments 

The  Agreement  between  the  Union  and  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of 
the  People's  Republic  of  China  is  the  most  efficient  instrument  to  bring  all  existing 
bilateral  air  services  agreements  between  Member  States  and  the  Macao  Special 
Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China into conformity with the law 

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4. 

409 

5. 

510 

511 

512 

570 

of the Union. 

Budgetary implication 

The proposal has no implication for the budget of the Union. 

Additional information 

•  Simplification 

The proposal provides for simplification of legislation. 

The  relevant  provisions  of  bilateral  air  services  agreements  between  Member  States 
and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China will 
be superseded or complemented by provisions in one single agreement of the Union. 

•  Detailed explanation of the proposal 

In  accordance  with  the  standard  procedure  for  the  signature  and  conclusion  of 
international agreements, the Council is asked to approve the decisions on the signature 
and on the conclusion of the Agreement on certain aspects of air services between the 
European  Union  and  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the  People's 
Republic  of  China  and  to  designate  the  persons  authorised  to  sign  the  Agreement  on 
behalf of the Union.  

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2012/0015 (NLE) 

Proposal for a 

COUNCIL DECISION 

on the conclusion of the Agreement on certain aspects of air services between the 
European Union and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic 
of China  

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having  regard  to  the  Treaty  on  the  functioning  of  the  European  Union,  and  in  particular 
Article 100(2), in conjunction with Article 218(6)(a) and 218 (8) first paragraph thereof, 

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission2, 

Having regard to the consent of the European Parliament3, 

Whereas: 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

By  its  Decision  of  5  June  2003,  the  Council  authorised  the  Commission  to  open 
negotiations with third countries on the replacement of certain provisions in existing 
bilateral agreements with an agreement at Union level, 

On  behalf  of  the  European  Union,  the  Commission  has  negotiated  an  Agreement  on 
certain  aspects  of  air  services  with  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the 
People's  Republic  of  China  (hereinafter  "the  Agreement")  in  accordance  with  the 
mechanisms and directives in the Annex to the Council Decision of 5 June 2003, 

The Agreement has been signed on behalf of the Union on […] subject to its possible 
conclusion  at  a  later  date,  in  conformity  with  Decision  …/…/EU  of  the  Council  on 
[…]4,  

(4) 

The Agreement should be approved on behalf of the European Union. 

2 
3 
4 

OJ C , , p. . 
OJ C , , p. . 
OJ C , , p. . 

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HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:  

Article 1  

(1) 

The Agreement on certain aspects of air services  between the European  Union  and 
the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the  People's  Republic  of  China  is 
hereby approved on behalf of the Union. 

(2) 

The text of the Agreement is annexed to this Decision. 

Article 2 

The President of the Council shall designate the person empowered to proceed on behalf of 
the European Union, to make the notification provided for in Article 8 (1) of the Agreement in 
order to express the consent of the European Union to be bound by the Agreement. 

Article 3 

This decision shall enter into force on the day of its adoption. 

Done at Brussels,  

For the Council 
The President 

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ANNEX  

AGREEMENT 

between the European Union and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the 
People’s Republic of China  

on certain aspects of air services 

THE EUROPEAN UNION,  

(hereinafter referred to as "the Union") 

of the one part, and  

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE MACAO SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE 
PEOPLE’S  REPUBLIC  OF  CHINA  (hereinafter  referred  to  as  "the  Macao  SAR"),  having 
been duly authorised to conclude this Agreement by the Central People’s Government of the 
People’s Republic of China 

of the other part 

(hereinafter referred to as ‘the Parties’) 

NOTING that bilateral air service agreements have been concluded between several Member 
States  of  the  Union  and  the  Macao  SAR  containing  provisions  contrary  to  the  law  of  the 
Union, 

NOTING that the Union has exclusive competence with respect to several aspects that may be 
included  in  bilateral  air  service  agreements  between  Member  States  of  the  Union  and  third 
parties, 

NOTING  that  under  the  law  of  the  Union  Community  air  carriers  established  in  a  Member 
State have the right to non-discriminatory access to air routes between the Member States of 
the Union and third parties, 

HAVING  REGARD  to  the  agreements  between  the  Union  and  certain  third  countries 
providing for the possibility for the nationals of such third countries to acquire ownership in 
air carriers licensed in accordance with the law of the Union, 

RECOGNISING  that  certain  provisions  of  the  bilateral  air  service  agreements  between 
Member States of the Union and the Macao SAR, which are contrary to the law of the Union, 
must  be  brought  into  conformity  with  it  in  order  to  establish  a  sound  legal  basis  for  air 
services  between  the  Union  and  the  Macao  SAR  and  to  preserve  the  continuity  of  such  air 
services, 

NOTING that under the law of the Union air carriers can in principle not conclude agreements 
which may affect trade between Member States of the Union and which have as their object 
or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition, 

RECOGNISING  that  provisions  in  bilateral  air  service  agreements  concluded  between 
Member States of the Union and the Macao SAR which i) require or favour the adoption of 

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agreements  between  undertakings,  decisions  by  associations  of  undertakings  or  concerted 
practices  that  prevent,  distort  or  restrict  competition  between  air  carriers  in  the  relevant 
routes; or ii) reinforce the effects of any such agreement, decision or concerted practice; or iii) 
delegate  to  air  carriers  or  other  private  economic  operators  the  responsibility  for  taking 
measures that prevent, distort or restrict competition between air carriers in the relevant routes 
may render ineffective the competition rules applicable to undertakings. 

NOTING that it is not a purpose of this agreement to increase the total volume of air traffic 
between the Union and the Macao SAR, to affect the balance between Community air carriers 
and air carriers of the Macao SAR, or to amend the provisions of existing bilateral air service 
agreements concerning traffic rights. 

HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:  

ARTICLE 1 

General provisions 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(1) 

(2) 

For the purposes of this Agreement, ‘Member States’ shall mean Member States of 
the European Union, and 'EU Treaties' shall mean the Treaty on European Union and 
the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union.  

References in each of the agreements listed in Annex 1 to nationals of the Member 
State that is a party to that agreement shall be understood as referring to nationals of 
the Member States. 

References in each of the agreements listed in Annex 1 to air carriers or airlines of 
the Member State that is a party to that agreement shall be understood as referring to 
air carriers or airlines designated by that Member State. 

ARTICLE 2 

Designation by a Member State 

The  provisions  in  paragraphs  2  and  3  of  this  Article  shall  supersede  the 
corresponding provisions in the articles listed in Annex 2 (a) and (b) respectively, in 
relation  to  the  designation  of  an  air  carrier  by  the  Member  State  concerned,  its 
authorisations  and  permissions  granted  by  the  Macao  SAR,  and  the  refusal, 
revocation,  suspension  or  limitation  of  the  authorisations  or  permissions  of  the  air 
carrier, respectively. 

On  receipt  of  a  designation  by  a  Member  State,  the  Macao  SAR  shall  grant  the 
appropriate  authorisations  and  permissions  with  minimum  procedural  delay, 
provided that: 

(a) 

(b) 

the  air  carrier  is  established,  under  the  EU  Treaties,  in  the  territory  of  the 
designating  Member  State  and  has  a  valid  Operating  Licence  in  accordance 
with the law of the Union; and  

effective regulatory control of the air carrier is exercised and maintained by the 
Member  State  responsible  for  issuing  its  Air  Operator’s  Certificate  and  the 
relevant aeronautical authority is clearly identified in the designation; and 

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(c) 

the  air  carrier  is  owned,  directly  or  through  majority  ownership,  and  it  is 
effectively  controlled  by  Member  States  and/or  nationals  of  Member  States, 
and/or by other states listed in Annex 3 and/or nationals of such other states. 

(3) 

The  Macao  SAR  may  refuse,  revoke,  suspend  or  limit  the  authorisations  or 
permissions of an air carrier designated by a Member State where: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

the air carrier is not established, under the EU Treaties, in the territory of the 
designating  Member  State  or  does  not  have  a  valid  Operating  Licence  in 
accordance with the law of the Union; 

effective regulatory control of the air carrier is not exercised or not maintained 
by  the  Member  State  responsible  for  issuing  its  Air  Operator’s  Certificate,  or 
the  relevant  aeronautical  authority  is  not  clearly  identified  in  the  designation; 
or 

the air carrier is not owned, directly or through majority ownership, or it is not 
effectively  controlled  by  Member  States  and/or  nationals  of  Member  States, 
and/or by other states listed in Annex 3 and/or nationals of such other states. 

In  exercising  its  right  under  this  paragraph,  the  Macao  SAR  shall  not  discriminate  between 
Community air carriers on the grounds of nationality. 

ARTICLE 3 

Safety 

(1) 

(2) 

(1) 

(2) 

The  provisions  in  paragraph  2  of  this  Article  shall  complement  the  corresponding 
provisions in the articles listed in Annex 2 (c).  

Where  a  Member  State  has  designated  an  air  carrier  whose  regulatory  control  is 
exercised  and  maintained  by  another  Member  State,  the  rights  of  the  Macao  SAR 
under  the  safety  provisions  of  the  agreement  between  the  Member  State  that  has 
designated  the  air  carrier  and  the  Macao  SAR  shall  apply  equally  in  respect  of  the 
adoption,  exercise  or  maintenance  of  safety  standards  by  that  other  Member  State 
and in respect of the operating authorisation of that air carrier. 

ARTICLE 4 

Taxation of aviation fuel 

The  provisions  in  paragraph  2  of  this  Article  shall  complement  the  corresponding 
provisions in the articles listed in Annex 2 (d).  

Notwithstanding  any  other  provision  to  the  contrary,  nothing  in  each  of  the 
agreements listed in Annex 2 (d) shall prevent a Member State from imposing, on a 
non-discriminatory basis, taxes, levies, duties, fees or charges on fuel supplied in its 
territory  for  use  in  an  aircraft  of  a  designated  air  carrier  of  the  Macao  SAR  that 
operates between a point in the territory of that Member State and another point in 
the territory of that Member State or in the territory of another Member State. 

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ARTICLE 5 

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Compatibility with competition rules 

(1) 

Notwithstanding  any  other  provision  to  the  contrary,  nothing  in  each  of  the 
agreements listed in Annex 1 shall (i) require or favour the adoption of agreements 
between  undertakings,  decisions  by  associations  of  undertakings  or  concerted 
practices  that  prevent  or  distort  competition;  (ii)  reinforce  the  effects  of  any  such 
agreement,  decision  or  concerted  practice;  or  (iii)  delegate  to  private  economic 
operators  the  responsibility  for  taking  measures  that  prevent,  distort  or  restrict 
competition. 

(2) 

The provisions contained in the agreements listed in Annex 1 that are incompatible 
with paragraph 1 of this Article shall not be applied. 

ARTICLE 6 

Annexes to the Agreement 

The Annexes to this Agreement shall form an integral part thereof. 

ARTICLE 7 

Revision or amendment  

The Parties may, at any time, revise or amend this Agreement by mutual consent. 

ARTICLE 8 

Entry into force and provisional application  

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(1) 

(2) 

This  Agreement  shall  enter  into  force  when  the  Parties  have  notified  each  other  in 
writing  that  their  respective  internal  procedures  necessary  for  its  entry  into  force 
have been completed. 

Notwithstanding paragraph 1, the Parties agree to provisionally apply this Agreement 
from the first day of the month following the date on which the Parties have notified 
each other of the completion of the procedures necessary for this purpose. 

This  Agreement  shall  apply  to  all  agreements  and  arrangements  listed  in  Annex  1 
including those that, at the date of signature of this Agreement, have not yet entered 
into force and are not being applied provisionally. 

ARTICLE 9 

Termination 

In the event that an agreement listed in Annex 1 is terminated, all provisions of this 
Agreement that relate to the agreement listed in Annex 1 concerned shall terminate at 
the same time.  

In  the  event  that  all  agreements  listed  in  Annex  1  are  terminated,  this  Agreement 
shall terminate at the same time.  

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IN  WITNESS  WHEREOF,  the  undersigned,  being  duly  authorised,  have  signed  this 
Agreement. 

Done  at  [….]  in  duplicate,  on  this  […]  day  of  […,  …]  in  the  Bulgarian,  Chinese,  Czech, 
Danish,  Dutch,  English,  Estonian,  Finnish,  French,  German,  Greek,  Hungarian,  Italian, 
Latvian,  Lithuanian,  Maltese,  Polish,  Portuguese,  Romanian,  Slovak,  Slovene,  Spanish  and 
Swedish languages, all texts being equally authentic. 

FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION 
REGION OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA 

FOR  THE  MACAO  SPECIAL  ADMINISTRATIVE 

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List of agreements referred to in Article 1 of this Agreement 

Air service agreements and other arrangements between the Macao SAR and Member 
States as modified or amended which, at the date of signature of this Agreement, have 
been concluded, signed or initialled: 

ANNEX 1  

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Air  Transport  Agreement  between  the  Austrian  Federal  Government  and  the 
Government of Macau done at Vienna on 4 November 1994, hereinafter referred to 
as “Macao SAR-Austria Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Kingdom  of  Belgium  and  the 
Government  of  Macau  on  air  transport  done  at  Brussels  on  16  November  1994, 
hereinafter referred to as ”Macao SAR-Belgium Agreement” in Annex 2;  

Air Services Agreement between the Government of the Czech Republic and the 
Government  of  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the  People’s 
Republic of China done at Prague on 25 September 2001, hereinafter referred to as 
“Macao SAR-Czech Republic Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air  Services  Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Kingdom  of  Denmark 
and  the  Government  of  Macau  done  at  Oslo  on  12  December  1996,  hereinafter 
referred to as “Macao SAR-Denmark Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air Services Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Finland and 
the  Government  of  Macau  done  at  Macau  on  9  September  1994,  hereinafter 
referred to as “Macao SAR-Finland Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air Services Agreement between the Government of the French Republic and the 
Government  of  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the  People’s 
Republic of China done at Paris on 23 May 2006, hereinafter referred to as “Macao 
SAR-France Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air  Transport  Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Federal  Republic  of 
Germany  and  the  Government  of  Macau  done  at  Bonn  on  5  September  1996, 
hereinafter referred to as ”Macao SAR-Germany Agreement” in Annex 2;  

Air  Services  Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Hellenic  Republic  and 
the  Government  of  the  Macao  Special  Administrative  Region  of  the  People’s 
Republic of China initialled at Macao on 17 February 2006, hereinafter referred to 
as “Macao SAR - Greece Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Luxembourg  and 
the  Government  of  Macau  on  air  services  done  at  Macau  on  14  December  1994, 
hereinafter referred to as “Macao SAR-Luxembourg Agreement” in Annex 2; 

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– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Agreement between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and Macau for Air Services 
between  and  beyond  their  respective  Areas  done  at  The  Hague  on  16  November 
1994, hereinafter referred to as “Macao SAR-Netherlands Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Republic  of  Poland  and  the 
Government  of  Macau  concerning  air  services  done  at  Warsaw  on  22  October 
1999, hereinafter referred to as “Macao SAR-Poland Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air  Transport  Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Portuguese  Republic 
and  the  Government  of  Macau  done  at  Lisbon  on  31  August  1995,  hereinafter 
referred to as “Macao SAR-Portugal Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air Services Agreement between the Government of the Slovak Republic and the 
Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic 
of  China  initialled  at  Macao  on  3  March  2006,  hereinafter  referred  to  as  “Macao 
SAR-Slovak Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Air Services Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Sweden and 
the Government of Macau done at Oslo on 12 December 1996, hereinafter referred 
to as “Macao SAR-Sweden Agreement” in Annex 2; 

Agreement  between  the  Government  of  the  Macao  Special  Administrative 
Region  of  the  People’s  Republic  of  China  and  the  Government  of  the  United 
Kingdom  of  Great  Britain  and  Northern  Ireland  concerning  air  services  done  at 
London on 19 January 2004, hereinafter referred to as “Macao SAR-UK Agreement” 
in Annex 2. 

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List of articles in the agreements listed in Annex 1 and referred to in Articles 2 to 4 of 
this Agreement 

(a) 

Designation by a Member State: 

ANNEX 2 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Austria Agreement; 

Article 3 of the Macao SAR-Czech Republic Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Denmark Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Germany Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Luxembourg Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Poland Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Portugal Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Sweden Agreement. 

(b) 

Refusal, revocation, suspension or limitation of authorisations or permissions: 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Austria Agreement; 

Article 6 of the Macao SAR-Belgium Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Czech Republic Agreement; 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Denmark Agreement; 

Article 4 of the Macao SAR-Finland Agreement; 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Luxembourg Agreement; 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Netherlands Agreement; 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Poland Agreement; 

Article 6 of the Macao SAR-Portugal Agreement; 

Article 5 of the Macao SAR-Sweden Agreement. 

(c) 

Safety: 

– 

– 

– 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Czech Republic Agreement; 

Article 9 of the Macao SAR-France Agreement; 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Greece Agreement; 

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– 

– 

– 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Luxembourg Agreement; 

Article 6 of the Macao SAR- Slovak Republic Agreement; 

Article 14 of the Macao SAR-UK Agreement. 

(d) 

Taxation of aviation fuel: 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

Article 8 of the Macao SAR-Austria Agreement; 

Article 11 of the Macao SAR-Belgium Agreement; 

Article 8 of the Macao SAR-Czech Republic Agreement; 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Denmark Agreement; 

Article 6 of the Macao SAR-Finland Agreement; 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Germany Agreement; 

Article 9 of the Macao SAR-Luxembourg Agreement; 

Article 10 of the Macao SAR-Netherlands Agreement; 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Poland Agreement; 

Article 10 of the Macao SAR-Portugal Agreement; 

Article 7 of the Macao SAR-Sweden Agreement; 

Article 8 of the Macao SAR-UK Agreement. 

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ANNEX 3 

List of other states referred to in Article 2 of this Agreement 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

The Republic of Iceland (under the Agreement on the European Economic Area); 

The Principality of Liechtenstein (under the Agreement on the European Economic 
Area); 

The Kingdom of Norway (under the Agreement on the European Economic Area); 

The Swiss Confederation (under the Agreement between the European Community 
and the Swiss Confederation on Air Transport). 

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