Proposal for a DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on the operating space, access to the driving position and the doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors
Date: 2010-12-15
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: agricultural vehicle, codification of EU law, marketing standard, safety standard, technical standard, tractor, vehicle parts

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

Brussels, 15.12.2010 
COM(2010) 746 final 

2010/0358 (COD) 

Proposal for a 

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 

on the operating space, access to the driving position and the doors and windows of 
wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors 

(Codification) 

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EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 

In  the  context  of  a  people’s  Europe,  the  Commission  attaches  great  importance  to 
simplifying  and  clarifying  the  law  of  the  Union  so  as  to  make  it  clearer  and  more 
accessible  to  citizens,  thus  giving  them  new  opportunities  and  the  chance  to  make 
use of the specific rights it gives them. 

This aim cannot be achieved so long as numerous provisions that have been amended 
several times, often quite substantially, remain scattered, so that they must be sought 
partly  in  the  original  instrument  and  partly  in  later  amending  ones.  Considerable 
research work, comparing many different instruments, is thus needed to identify the 
current rules. 

For  this  reason  a  codification  of  rules  that  have  frequently  been  amended  is  also 
essential if the law is to be clear and transparent. 

On 1 April 1987 the Commission decided1 to instruct its staff that all acts should be 
codified  after  no  more  than  ten  amendments,  stressing  that  this  is  a  minimum 
requirement  and  that  departments  should  endeavour  to  codify  at  even  shorter 
intervals the texts for which they are responsible, to ensure that their provisions are 
clear and readily understandable. 

The  Conclusions  of 
the  Edinburgh  European  Council 
(December 1992) confirmed this2, stressing the importance of codification as it offers 
certainty as to the law applicable to a given matter at a given time. 

the  Presidency  of 

Codification  must  be  undertaken  in  full  compliance  with  the  normal  procedure  for 
the adoption of acts of the Union. 

Given  that  no  changes  of  substance  may  be  made  to  the  instruments  affected  by 
codification, the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission have agreed, 
by  an  interinstitutional  agreement  dated  20  December  1994,  that  an  accelerated 
procedure may be used for the fast-track adoption of codification instruments. 

is 

this  proposal 

to  undertake  a  codification  of  Council 
The  purpose  of 
Directive 80/720/EEC  of  24  June  1980  on  the  approximation  of  the  laws  of  the 
Member States relating to the operating space, access to the driving position and the 
doors and windows of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors3. The new Directive 
will  supersede  the  various  acts  incorporated  in  it4;  this  proposal  fully  preserves  the 
content of the acts being codified and hence does no more than bring them together 
with only such formal amendments as are required by the codification exercise itself. 

COM(87) 868 PV. 
See Annex 3 to Part A of the Conclusions. 
Carried out pursuant to the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the 
Council – Codification of the Acquis communautaire, COM(2001) 645 final. 
See Annex III, Part A of this proposal. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

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2 
3 

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5. 

The codification proposal was drawn up on the basis of a preliminary consolidation, 
in 22 official languages, of Directive 80/720/EEC and the instruments amending it, 
carried  out  by  the  Publications  Office  of  the  European  Union,  by  means  of  a 
data-processing  system.  Where  the  Articles  have  been  given  new  numbers,  the 
correlation  between  the  old  and  the  new  numbers  is  shown  in  a  table  contained  in 
Annex IV to the codified Directive. 

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(cid:208) 80/720/EEC (adapted) 

2010/0358 (COD) 

Proposal for a 

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 

on the operating space, access to the driving position and the doors and windows of 
wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors 

(Codification) 
(Text with EEA relevance) 

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having  regard  to  the  Treaty  on  the  Functioning  of  the  European  Union,  and  in  particular 
Article ⌦ 114 ⌫ thereof, 

Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission, 

After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national Parliaments, 

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee5, 

Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, 

Whereas: 

(cid:208) 

(1) 

Council  Directive 80/720/EEC of 24  June 1980 on the approximation of the laws of 
the Member States relating to the operating space, access to the driving position and 
the  doors  and  windows  of  wheeled  agricultural  or  forestry  tractors6  has  been 
substantially amended several times7. In the interests of clarity and rationality the said 
Directive should be codified. 

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC Recital 2 (adapted) 

(2)  ⌦ Directive  80/720/EEC  is  one  of  the  separate  Directives  of  the  EC  type-approval 
system  provided 
replaced  by 
Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 
on type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable 
towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units 

in  Council  Directive  74/150/EEC,  as 

for 

5 
6 
7 

OJ C […], […], p. […]. 
OJ L 194, 28.7.1980, p. 1. 
See Annex III, Part A. 

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and  repealing  Directive  74/150/EEC8,  and  lays  down  technical  prescriptions 
concerning the design and construction of agricultural or forestry tractors, as regards 
the operating space, access to the driving position as well as the doors and windows. 
Those  technical  prescriptions  concern  the  approximation  of  the  laws  of  the  Member 
States, 
in 
type-approval 
Directive 2003/37/EC  to  be  applied  in  respect  of  each  type  of  tractor.  Consequently, 
the  provisions  laid  down  in  Directive 2003/37/EC  relating  to  agricultural  or  forestry 
tractors,  their  trailers  and  interchangeable  towed  machinery,  together  with  their 
systems, components and separate technical units, apply to this Directive. ⌫ 

procedure 

the  EC 

provided 

enable 

for 

to 

(3) 

This  Directive  should  be  without  prejudice  to  the  obligations  of  the  Member  States 
relating  to  the  time-limits  for  transposition  into  national  law  and  application  of  the 
Directives set out in Annex III, Part B, 

(cid:208)  

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: 

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC  

(cid:208) 2010/62/EU Art. 1 pt.1 

Article 1 

1.  For  the  purposes  of  this  Directive,  “tractor”  means  a  tractor  as  defined  in  Article  2(j)  of 
Directive 2003/37/EC. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  Directive,  the  tractor  categories  defined  in  Annex  II  to 
Directive 2003/37/EC shall apply. 

2.  This  Directive  shall  apply  to  tractor  categories  T1,  T3  and  T4  as  defined  in  Annex  II  to 
Directive 2003/37/EC. 

This Directive shall not apply to tractors of category T4.3 where the driver’s seat index point, 
as determined in Annex II to Directive 2009/144/EC of the European Parliament and of the 
Council9, is more than 100 mm from the median longitudinal plane of the tractor. 

8 
9 

OJ L 171, 9.7.2003, p. 1. 
OJ L 27, 30.1.2010, p. 33. 

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(cid:208) 80/720/EEC (adapted) 

Article 2 

1. ⌦ With respect to tractors which comply with the requirements of Annex I, ⌫ Member 
States  may  not  refuse ⌦ to  grant ⌫  EC  type-approval  or  national  type-approval  or  refuse 
⌦ the registration ⌫ or prohibit the sale, entry into service or use on grounds relating to: 

⌦ (a) ⌫ 

the operating space ⌦ ; ⌫  

⌦ (b) ⌫ 

access to the driving position (means of entry and exit) ⌦ ; ⌫  

⌦ (c) ⌫ 

doors and windows ⌦ . ⌫  

2. 
Member  States  may  refuse  to  grant  national  type-approval  in  respect  of  a  type  of 
tractor,  the  operating  space,  access  to  the  driving  position,  doors  and  windows  of  which  do 
not comply with the provisions of this Directive. 

(cid:208) 88/414/EEC Art. 2 (adapted) 

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC (adapted) 

Article 3 

Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of Annex I to technical progress shall 
be  adopted  in  accordance  with  the  procedure  ⌦ referred  to ⌫  in  Article  ⌦ 20(3) ⌫  of 
Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC ⌫ . 

Member States shall communicate ⌦ to the Commission ⌫ the texts of the main provisions 
of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive. 

Article 4 

(cid:208)  

Article 5 

Directive 80/720/EEC, as amended by the Directives listed in Annex III, Part A, is repealed, 
without  prejudice  to  the  obligations  of  the  Member  States  relating  to  the  time-limits  for 
transposition into national law and application of the Directives set out in Annex III, Part B. 

References  to  the  repealed  Directive  shall  be  construed  as  references  to  this  Directive  and 
shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex IV. 

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This Directive shall enter into force on 1 May 2011. 

Article 6 

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC Art. 5 

Article 7 

This Directive is addressed to the Member States. 

Done at […],  

For the European Parliament 
The President 

For the Council 
The President 

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(cid:208) 80/720/EEC 

ANNEX I 

I. 

I.1. 

Operating space 

“Operating space” means the minimum volume of space between any fixed parts of 
the structure which is available to the driver of the tractor to enable him to operate 
the tractor from his seat in any way required with complete safety. 

“Seat reference point” means the reference point determined by the method described 
in Appendix 1. 

“Reference plane” means the plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the 
tractor passing through the seat reference point. 

(cid:208) 2010/62/EU Art. 1 pt. 2 and 
Annex I 

I.2. 

For  all  tractors  with  the  exception  of  narrow  tractors  with  track  width  ≤ 1 150 mm 
and those that fall within category T4.3, the width of the operating space must be at 
least  900 mm,  from  400  to  900 mm  above  the  reference  point  and  over  a  length  of 
450 mm forward of that point (see Figures 1 and 3). 

For  tractors  of  category  T4.3,  the  operating  space  must,  over  the  zone  extending 
to 450 mm  in  front  of  the  reference  point,  have  at  a  height  of  400 mm  above  the 
reference point, a total width of at least 700 mm, and at a height of 900 mm above 
the reference point, a total width of at least 600 mm. 

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC (adapted) 
(cid:206)1 88/414/EEC Art. 1 and Annex 

I.3. 

I.4. 

I.5. 

Vehicle parts and accessories must not hamper the driver when driving the tractor. 

For all positions of the steering column and the steering wheel (cid:206)1 with the exception 
of those intended solely for entry and exit , the clearance between the base of the 
steering wheel and the fixed parts of the tractor must be at least 50 mm; in all other 
directions this clearance must be at least 80 mm from the rim of the steering wheel, 
as measured from outside the area occupied by the steering wheel (see Figure 2). 

The rear wall of the cab from 300 to 900 mm above the seat reference point must be 
a  minimum  of  150 mm  behind  a  vertical  plane  which  is  perpendicular  to  the 
reference plane and passes through the reference point (see Figures 2 and 3). 

This wall must have a width of at least 300 mm on either side of the seat reference 
plane (see Figure 3). 

I.6. 

The manual controls must be located in relation to one another and to the other parts 
of  the  tractor  so  that  no  danger  of  injury  to  the  operator's  hands  arises  from  their 
operation. 

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Where the force required to operate a control exceeds 150 N, a clearance of 50 mm 
⌦ shall ⌫ be considered adequate and where the force is between 80 N and 150 N, 
a clearance of 25 mm ⌦ shall ⌫ suffice. Any clearance ⌦ shall ⌫ be accepted in 
relation  to  controls  where  the  operating  force  required  is  less  than  80 N  (see 
Figure 3). 

Alternative  locations  for  the  controls  which  achieve  equally  satisfactory  safety 
standards are acceptable. 

I.7. 

No (cid:206)1 rigid  point on the roof must be less than 1 050 mm from the seat reference 
point in a section situated forward of a vertical plane passing through the reference 
point and perpendicular to the reference plane (see Figure 2). (cid:206)1 The padding may 
extend downwards to 1 000 mm above the seat reference point.  

I.8. 

The radius of curvature of the surface between the rear panel of the cab and the roof 
of the cab may extend up to a maximum of 150 mm. 

(cid:208) 88/414/EEC Art. 1 and Annex  

(cid:208) 80/720/EEC 
(cid:206)1 88/414/EEC Art. 1 and Annex  

II. 

Access to the driving position (means of entry and exit) 

II.1. 

II.2. 

It must be possible to use the means of entry and exit without danger. Wheel hubs, 
hub caps or wheel rims are not acceptable as steps or rungs. 

The points of access to the driving position and to the passenger seat must be free of 
any  parts  liable  to  cause  injury.  Where  an  obstruction  such  as  a  clutch  pedal  is 
present,  a  step  or  footrest  must  be  provided  to  ensure  safe  access  to  the  driving 
position. 

II.3. 

Steps, integral foot recesses and rungs must have the following dimensions: 

depth clearance: 

150 mm minimum, 

width clearance: 

250 mm minimum, 

than 

lower 

this  minimum  width  are 
(Values 
authorised  only  where  justified  as  being  necessary 
on technical grounds. Where this is the case, the aim 
must  be  to  achieve  the  greatest  possible  width 
clearance.  It  must  not,  however,  be  less  than 
150 mm.) 

height clearance: 

120 mm minimum, 

distance between surface of 
two steps: 

300 mm maximum (see Figure 4). 

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II.4. 

The upper step or rung must be easily identifiable and accessible for a person leaving 
the  vehicle.  The  vertical  distance  between  successive  steps  or  rungs  must  as  far  as 
possible be equal. 

II.5. 

Appropriate handholds must be provided for all the means of entry and exit. 

II.6 

The  lowest  foothold  must  not  be  more  than  550 mm  above  the  ground  when  the 
tractor  is  fitted  with  the  largest  tyre  size  recommended  by  the  manufacturer  (see 
Figure 4). Steps or rungs must be designed and constructed in such a way that feet 
will not slip on them. 

III. 

Doors, windows and emergency exits 

III.1. 

The devices operating the doors and windows must be designed and installed in such 
a  way  that  they  neither  constitute  a  danger  to  the  driver  nor  impede  him  while 
driving. 

III.2. 

The opening angle of the door must permit entry and exit without danger. 

III.3.  Ventilation windows (cid:206)1 if any  must be easily adjustable. 

III.4. 

Two-door cabs must have one extra exit constituting an emergency exit. 

Single-door cabs must have two extra exits constituting emergency exits. 

Each of the three exits must be on a different cab wall (the term “wall” may include 
the  roof).  Windscreens  and  side,  rear  and  roof  windows  may  be  regarded  as 
emergency exits if provision is made to open them (cid:206)1 or to move them  quickly 
from inside the cab. 

The surrounds of emergency exits must present no danger on exit. 

Emergency  exits  must  have  the  minimum  dimensions  required  to  circumscribe  an 
ellipse with a minor axis of 440 mm and a major axis of 640 mm. 

(cid:208) 2010//22/EU Art. 1 and Annex I 
pt. 2 

Any  window  of  sufficient  size  may  be  designated  as  an  emergency  exit  if  they  are 
made of breakable glass and can be broken with a tool provided in the cab for that 
purpose.  Glass  referred  to  in  Appendices  3  to  7  of  Annex  III  B  to  Council 
Directive 89/173/EEC10  is  not  considered  to  be  breakable  glass  for  the  purpose  of 
this Directive. 

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OJ L 67, 10.3.1989, p. 1. 

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(cid:208) 88/414/EEC Art. 1 and Annex 

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(cid:208) 80/720/EEC (adapted) 

Figure 4 

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Appendix 1 

METHOD OF DETERMINING THE SEAT REFERENCE POINT (S) 

1. 

Definition of the ⌦ seat ⌫ reference point (S) 

“Seat reference point” (S) means the point of intersection in the median longitudinal 
plane of the seat between the tangential plane at the base of the padded backrest and 
a  horizontal  plane.  This  horizontal  plane  intersects  the  lower  surface  of  the 
seat 150 mm in front of the seat reference point (S). 

2. 

Positioning of the seat 

The seat must be set in the rearmost longitudinal position and at the mid-point of the 
height adjustment range. Seats having a suspension system, whether or not adjustable 
according to the driver's weight, must be set at the mid-point of the suspension travel. 

3. 

Device for determining the seat reference point (S) 

The device illustrated in Figure 1 consists of a seat pan board and backrest boards. 
The lower backrest board must be hinged in the region of the ischium humps (A) and 
the loin (B), the hinge (B) being adjustable in height. 

4. 

Method of determining the seat reference point (S) 

The  seat  reference  point  (S)  must  be  obtained  by  using  the  device  illustrated  in 
Figures 1 and 2, which simulates loading by a human occupant. The device must be 
positioned on the seat. It must then be loaded with a force of 550 N at a point 50 mm 
in front of hinge (A) and two parts of the backrest lightly pressed tangentially against 
the padded backrest. 

If it is not possible to determine definite tangents to each area of the padded backrest 
(below and above the lumbar region) the following procedure must be adopted: 

(a)  where there is no possibility of defining the tangent to the lowest possible area, 
the  lower  part  of  the  backrest  board  in  a  vertical  position  must  be  lightly 
pressed against the padded backrest; 

(b)  where  there  is  no  possibility  of  defining  the  tangent  to  the  highest  possible 
area, if the lower part of the backrest board is vertical, the hinge (B) must be 
fixed at a height of 230 mm above the seat reference point (S). The two parts of 
the  backrest  board  in  a  vertical  position  must  then  be  lightly  pressed 
tangentially against the padded backrest. 

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ANNEX II 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO 
THE OPERATING SPACE, ACCESS TO THE DRIVING POSITION (MEANS OF ENTRY AND EXIT) 
AND DOORS AND WINDOWS 

(Article 4 of Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on 
type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together 
with their systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ) 

EC type-approval No ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

Component(s) or characteristic(s) 
– 
– 
– 

operating space, 
access to the driving position (means of entry and exit), 
doors and windows 

Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer …………………………………………………… 

Type and commercial description of tractor …………………………………………………………... 

Manufacturer’s name and address …………………………………………………………………….. 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative …………………..…… 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

6. 

Description of component(s) and/or characteristic(s) mentioned under 1 above ……………………. 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

Date of submission of tractor for EC type-approval ………………………………………………….. 

Technical service conducting the type-approval tests ………………………………………………… 

Date of report issued by that service ………………………………………………………………….. 

Number of report issued by that service ………………………………………………………………. 

EC-type approval for the operating space, access to the driving position (means of entry and exit) 
and the doors and windows is granted/refused(*). 

Place …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

Date ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Signature ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

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15. 

The following documents, bearing the EC type-approval number indicated above, are annexed to this 
certificate: 

………………………….. dimensional drawing, 

………………………….. exploded view or photograph of the cab and/or means of entry and exit. 

The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request. 

16. 

Remarks ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

____________ 
(*) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

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(cid:207) 

ANNEX III 

Part A 

Repealed Directive with list of its successive amendments 
(referred to in Article 5) 

Council Directive 80/720/EEC 
(OJ L 194, 28.7.1980, p. 1) 

Council Directive 82/890/EEC 
(OJ L 378, 31.12.1982, p. 45) 

Commission Directive 88/414/EEC 
(OJ L 200, 26.7.1988, p. 34) 

Only Article 1(2) 

Directive 97/54/EC of the European Parliament and 
of the Council 
(OJ L 277, 10.10.1997, p. 24) 

Only with regards to the reference 
made in the first indent of 
Article 1 to Directive 80/720/EEC 

Commission Directive 2010/22/EU 
(OJ L 91,10.4.2010, p. 1) 

Commission Directive 2010/62/EU 
(OJ L 238,9.9.2010, p. 7) 

Only Article 1 and Annex I 

Only Article 1 and Annex I 

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Part B 

List of time-limits for transposition into national law and application 
(referred to in Article 5) 

Directive 

Time-limit for transposition 

Date of application 

80/720/EEC 

82/890/EEC 

88/414/EEC 

97/54/EC 

2010/22/EU 

2010/62/EU 

26 December 1981 

21 June 1984 

30 September 1988(*) 

- 

- 

- 

22 September 1998 

23 September 1998 

30 April 2011 

1 May 2011 

29 September 2011 

29 September 2011(**) 

____________ 
(*) 

In compliance with Article 2 of Directive 88/414/EEC: 
“1. 

From 1 October 1988, no Member State may: 
– 

2. 

From 1 October 1989, Member States: 
– 

issue 

refuse, in respect of a type of tractor, to grant EEC type-approval, to issue the document 
referred  to  in  Article  10(1),  final  indent  of  Directive 74/150/EEC,  or  to  grant  national 
type-approval; or 
prohibit the entry into service of a type of tractor or tractors, the operating space, access 
to the driving position, doors and windows of which comply with the provisions of this 
Directive. 

to 

the  document  referred 

in  Article  10(1),  final 

shall  not 
indent,  of 
Directive 74/150/EEC in respect of a type of tractor, the operating space, access to the 
driving position, doors and windows of which do not comply with the provisions of this 
Directive; 
may refuse to grant national type-approval in respect of a type of tractor, the operating 
space, access to the driving position, doors and windows of which do not comply with 
the provisions of this Directive.” 

– 

– 

(**) 

In compliance with Article 6 of Directive 2010/62/EU: 
“1. 

2. 

3. 

For tractor categories T1, T2 and T3 as defined in Annex II to Directive 2003/37/EC, Member 
States  shall  apply  the  provisions  referred  to  in  Article  7(1)  of  this  Directive  to  new  types  of 
vehicles from 29 September 2011 and to new vehicles from 29 September 2012. 
For tractors of category T4.3 as defined in Annex II to Directive 2003/37/EC, Member States 
shall apply the provisions referred to in Article 7(1) of this Directive to new types of vehicles 
from 29 September 2013 and to new vehicles from 29 September 2016. 
For  vehicle  categories  T4.1,  T4.2,  T5,  C,  R  and  S  as  defined  in  Annex  II  to 
Directive 2003/37/EC, Member States shall apply the provisions referred to in Article 7(1) of 
this  Directive  to  new  types  of  vehicles  and  to  new  vehicles  from  the  dates  laid  down  in 
Article 23(2) of Directive 2003/37/EC.” 

_____________ 

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ANNEX IV 

CORRELATION TABLE 

Directive 80/720/EEC 

Directive 88/414/EEC 

This Directive 

Article 1 

Article 2, introductory 
sentence 

Article 2, first indent 

Article 2, second indent 

Article 2, third indent 

Article 2, final sentence 

- 

Article 3 

Article 4(1) 

Article 4(2) 

- 

- 

Article 5 

Annexes I and II 

- 

- 

Article 1 

Article 2(1), introductory sentence 

Article 2(1)(a) 

Article 2(1)(b) 

Article 2(1)(c) 

Article 2(1), introductory sentence 

Article 
indent 

2(2), 

second 

Article 2(2) 

Article 3 

- 

Article 4 

Article 5  

Article 6 

Article 7 

Annexes I and II 

Annex III 

Annex IV 

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