Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament - Annual Report 2010 on the European Union's development and external assistance policies and their implementation in 2009 SEC(2010)773
Date: 2010-06-28
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: activity report, aid evaluation, aid policy, cooperation policy, developing countries, development aid

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

Brussels, 28.6.2010 
COM(2010)335 final 

. 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN 
PARLIAMENT 

Annual Report 2010 on the European Union's development and external assistance 
policies and their implementation in 2009 

SEC(2010)773 

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Responding to global challenges 

Throughout the world, 2009 was a difficult year. The impact of the 2007-2008 food 
price  crisis  was  aggravated  by  the  economic  and  financial  crisis  which  created  a 
world recession. The European Union acted rapidly to soften the negative impacts on 
its partner countries. It also strengthened its efforts to ensure that the crises did not 
call into question the progress towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 
achieved in recent years.  

The  EU  Food  Facility  put  in  place  at  the  end  of  2008  to  deal  with  the  food  price 
crisis provided one platform for concrete action. Of the €1 billion pledged under the 
facility, €837 million were allocated by the en d of 2009. The aim of the facility is to 
bridge  the  critical  gap  between  emergency  aid  and  medium  to  long-term 
development  assistance.  The  economic  and  financial  crisis  which  began  in  the 
second  half  of  2008  made  matters  worse,  especially  in  the  poorer  countries.  It  is 
estimated that between 40 million and 80 million people in developing countries will 
be forced into absolute poverty because of the crises. On the basis of proposals from 
the  European  Commission  in  April  20091,  a  set  of  comprehensive,  timely,  targeted 
and  coordinated  measures  were  agreed.  As  a  result,  €215  million  were  already 
committed by the end of the year under the so-called Vulnerability FLEX (V-FLEX) 
mechanism to help 11 African and two Caribbean countries reduce funding shortfalls 
in their 2009 government budgets. €160 million were paid by the end of 2009 with 
the remaining €55 million due in the firs t quarter of 2010. In addition, the 2009 mid-
term review of Country Strategy Papers was particularly timely, enabling the EU to 
adapt its individual cooperation programmes to evolving realities. 

The  European  Commission  played  a  proactive  role  in  various  international  fora 
(notably  within  the  G8,  the  G20  and  the  UN)  to  ensure  that  the  effects  of  the 
financial and economic crisis on the poorest countries were fully taken into account 
and that specific measures were taken to help them. 

The year 2009 was also marked by increased efforts to address the impact of climate 
change. In the run-up to the Copenhagen climate negotiations in December 2009, the 
EU intensified  its  cooperation  and  dialogue  with  developing  country  partners.  The 
Commission issued a Communication on Stepping up international climate finance: 
A European blueprint for the Copenhagen deal to help developing countries combat 
climate  change2.  In  December,  the  EU  agreed  on 'fast-start'  funding  of  €2.4  billion 
annually for 2010-2012, to assist developing countries in adapting to climate change 
and in moving to low-carbon strategies. The intention was also to prepare them for 
handling the bigger amounts of funding for mitigation and adaptation pledged for the 
period post-2012. In 2009, the Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA) received an 
allocation  of  €35  million  to  support  poor  countries  most  vulnerable  to  climate 
change,  in  particular  the  least-developed  countries  and  small  island  developing 
states.  In  February  2009,  the  Communication  EU  Strategy  for  supporting  Disaster 

1 
2 

In a document entitled “Supporting developing countries in coping with the crisis” 
COM/2009/475 final of 10.09.2009. 

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Risk Reduction in developing countries3 was published. It aims to reduce the burden 
of disasters on the most vulnerable countries.  

Active relationships around the world 

During  2009,  the  European  Union  held  summit  meetings  with  key  global  players 
such as China, India and Russia.  

Political relations with Latin America continued to strengthen in 2009. In September, 
the  Commission adopted a Communication setting  out a new  policy framework for 
relations between the EU and Latin America. The Latin America Investment Facility 
was  adopted  in  December  with  funding  of  €10.8  million  to  attract  additional 
investments  in  favour  of  transport,  energy,  environment,  and  to  support  the  social 
and private sectors.  

Negotiations with the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries on the second 
revision of the Cotonou Agreement were officially launched in May 2009. The year 
also  saw  the  start  of  the  10th  EDF  mid-term  review  process  which  will  consider 
progress to date and update the cooperation strategy and financial allocations of the 
countries concerned.  

The strategic relationship with Africa was further enhanced in the framework of the 
Joint Africa EU Strategy, to jointly tackle continental and global challenges. Political 
dialogue  was  intensified  and  the  set-up  of  implementation  roadmaps  in  the  eight 
thematic partnerships resulted in concrete progress benefiting to both continents. 

Building on South Africa's strong involvement in conflict management in Africa, the 
EU  and  South  Africa  significantly  stepped  up  their  dialogue  on  peace  and  security 
matters in 2009. 

The  first  EU-Pakistan  summit  took  place  in  Brussels  in  June  2009.  The  EU  also 
completed  negotiations  for  a  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement  with  Iraq  in 
November 2009, with the aim of signing it in 2010, providing the first-ever basis for 
contractual relations between the EU and Iraq. 

As  part  of  the  European  Neighbourhood  Policy  (ENP),  the  Neighbourhood 
Investment  Facility  funded  25  projects  in  2008-2009  in  transport,  environment  and 
energy as well as social and private sectors, with grants totalling €170 million. This 
helped  to  mobilise  €7.35  billion  of  inve stments  from  international  financial 
institutions. 

Working towards the MDGs 

Overall  progress  has  been  made  in  recent  years  on  various  MDG  targets  and 
indicators.  However  this  progress  is  uneven  and  some  countries  and  regions, 
especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, are lagging behind. In addition, the prospects for 
sustained  progress  are  coming  under  threat  from  the  global  economic  crisis, 
combined with climate change and the effects of previous food and fuel shocks.  

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COM(2009) 84 final of 04.03.2009 

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During 2009, the European Commission drew up preparatory documents in the core 
MDG  areas  of  human  development  like  health,  education  and  gender  equality.  The 
adoption of these policies in 2010 will shape the internal EU debate on MDGs and 
feed into the EU contribution to the UN's MDG Review Summit in September 2010. 
The Commission's concern is for the EU to agree a comprehensive approach on how 
to accelerate progress towards attaining the MDGs by 2015 and how to consolidate 
the  gains  so  as  to  make  them  sustainable.  Several  initiatives,  including  a 
Communication on tax governance in developing countries and a review of thematic 
policies in the field food security were also included. 

The  Commission  supported  health,  education,  employment,  social  protection  and 
culture through a variety of instruments and channels, including budget support, with 
the aim of strengthening national systems and adapting aid to national policies.  

As  a  board  member  of  the  Global  Fund  to  fight  AIDS,  Tuberculosis  and  Malaria 
(GFATM) and representing the EU as a major contributor (€872.5 million from 2002 
to 2009), the Commission continued to play an active role in this initiative and also 
became  actively  involved  in  the  Global  Alliance  for  Vaccines  and  Immunization 
(GAVI). As a permanent member of the board of the Education for All – Fast Track 
Initiative,  the  Commission  focused  on  aid  effectiveness,  the  needs  of  fragile  states 
and governance issues. 

The  Commission  has  redoubled  efforts  to  advance  the  gender  equality  MDG.  In 
2009, support went to non-state actors to fight adult illiteracy and promote women's 
property ownership. 

In  line  with  MDG  7,  the  Commission  also  focused  on  major  environmental  issues, 
such as climate change, desertification, biodiversity, fisheries and forest preservation. 
Support for increasing the ability of developing countries to implement multilateral 
environmental agreements also continued. 

During  the  year,  the  Commission  continued  efforts  to  improve  the  availability  and 
quality of MDG data held by developing countries. Studies of data were undertaken 
and support provided to improve the statistical capacity of developing countries. The 
picture is much brighter than in previous years, but significant deficiencies remain in 
the indicators used to measure the MDGs. 

Keeping policies relevant and focused 

The European Consensus on Development4 set out for the first time a common vision 
on development on the part of the EU and its Member States. The main components 
are: more aid, better aid, improved policy coherence for development, and focus on 
Africa.  In  2009,  four  years  after  its  adoption,  the  Commission  undertook  a 
preliminary assessment of the implementation of the Consensus, which has become a 
widely accepted and valuable reference for all development actors.  

Aid  alone  is  not  enough  to  help  the  poorest  countries  to  develop,  and  the 
Commission has tried hard in recent years to ensure that all EU policies are in line 

4 

The  Consensus  was  endorsed  in  December  2005  by  the  Presidents  of  the  Commission,  Council  and 
Parliament. 

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with its efforts to attain the MDGs. This is why Policy Coherence for Development 
(PCD) is an additional and necessary contribution to development.  

In  September  2009,  the  Commission  issued  its  second  major  report,  covering  12 
policy  areas  which  impact  on  development.  These  are  trade,  environment,  climate 
change,  security,  agriculture, 
fisheries,  social  dimension  of  globalisation, 
employment  and  decent  work,  migration,  research  and  innovation,  information 
society,  transport  and  energy.  Another  area  where  the  Commission  is  looking  for 
positive synergies with development objectives is good governance in taxation.  

The  report  shows  clearly  the  strong  impact  the  EU  has  through  its  wide  array  of 
policies, processes and instruments on developing countries. In the areas of research, 
environment and energy, EU policies have been particularly positive. In research, the 
EU  and  developing  countries  work  together  in  areas  of  interest  for  developing 
countries, such as health or food security. Researchers from developing countries are 
encouraged  to  participate  in  research  programmes  and  mobility  schemes.  In 
environment policy, the EU has taken the lead in the protection of forests across the 
world. Under its Forest Law Enforcement Governance and Trade (FLEGT) initiative, 
the  EU  imports  only  certified  timber  from  its  partner  countries,  in  order  to  fight 
illegal logging. In the energy sector, the binding target under the Renewable Energy 
Directive (20% of energy from renewable sources by 2020) will stimulate exports of 
biofuel  from  developing  countries.  A  sustainability  scheme  obliges  biofuels 
importers  to  comply  with  environmental  criteria  and  to  report  on  possible  negative 
economic and social impacts in third countries. 

Building  on  these  experiences  and  the  lessons  learned,  the  Council  of  Ministers 
endorsed5  in  November  2009  five  areas  for  priority  action  within  the  existing 
framework  of  12  policy  areas:  trade  and  finance,  climate  change,  food  security, 
migration, and peace and security.  

The  drive  to  make  the  EU's  external  policies  more  development-focused  has  to  be 
matched  by  sound  domestic  policies  in  the  developing  countries.  For  the  EU, 
governance  is  crucial  for  combating  poverty  through  improving  the  investment 
climate  and  public  finance  management,  reducing  corruption,  improving  good 
governance  in  the  tax  area  and  revenue  collection  for  development,  strengthening 
'checks  and  balances'  institutions  to  improve  accountability  and  stability.  While 
recognising  that  improving  democratic  governance  is  an  internal  process  in  each 
country, the Commission is determined to address democratic governance both as a 
specific  policy  area  and  as  a  cross-cutting  issue  concerning  all  programmes  and 
sectors. The EU continues to raise, for instance, gender equality and women’s rights 
in  political  and  human  rights-related  dialogues  with  partner  countries  on  a  regular 
basis. In some countries, the Commission supports projects addressing the issues of 
children  affected  by  armed  conflicts  and  of  violence  against  children.  For  the  first 
time in 2009, a regional workshop on indigenous peoples, minorities and caste-based 
discrimination,  was  organised,  focusing  on  south  and  south-east  Asia.  Good 
governance and the respect of human rights in partner countries not only improve the 
quality of EU aid but belong to fundamental EU values. 

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Policy  Coherence  for  Development  –  Establishing  the  policy  framework  for  a  whole-of-the-Union 
approach (COM(2009)458 final 

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European aid – bigger amounts, better used 

The EU (27 member states and the European Commission) reconfirmed its position 
as the foremost provider of development aid in 2009, accounting for more than half6 
of global Official Development Assistance (ODA), or €48.2 billion. The Commission 
alone committed €12 billion and disbursed €10 billion. 

In 2009, the Commission continued to make its aid more effective. It has been in the 
forefront of initiatives adopted by high-level fora on aid effectiveness organised by 
the  Organisation  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development/Development 
Assistance  Committee  (OECD/DAC).  In  order 
to  accelerate  progress  and 
demonstrate  concrete  results  in  time  for  the  next  forum  in  Seoul  in  2011,  the 
Commission  has  acted  as  catalyst  and  coordinator  to  improve  synergies  among 
Member  States.  This  allowed  the  adoption  by  the  Council  of  an  EU  operational 
framework  in  November  2009  which  focuses  on  the  three  main  aid  effectiveness 
priorities  agreed  at  the  last  forum  in  Accra  in  2008:  reducing  aid  fragmentation 
through  donor  division  of  labour,  increasing  the  use  of  country  systems,  and 
improving  the  quality  of  technical  cooperation.  In  this  context,  the  Commission 
adopted an ambitious action plan in January 2009.  

The Commission maintained its preference for delivering aid in the form of budget 
support  (see  below)  and  has  reformed  the  way  it  provides  technical  assistance  to 
make  its  benefits  more  sustainable.  It  works  more  closely  with  other  donors,  and 
even  delegates  to  EU  Member  States  the  responsibility  for  implementing  some  EU 
support  programmes.  The  EU  has  untied  aid  to  an  exceptional  extent  and  has  also 
changed  its  approach  to  conditionality  and  taken  steps  to  make  its  aid  more 
predictable and transparent.  

The Commission works closely with international organisations, particularly the UN 
and  the  World  Bank  group.  In  2009,  agreements  for  a  total  of  €935  million  were 
signed with the UN family, representing around 10% of total EU aid commitments. 
Agreements  signed  with  the  World  Bank  group  came  to  €469  million.  Although 
these funds are managed by international organisations in accordance with their own 
procedures, the Commission checks that the funds are correctly managed in line with 
EU standards and, where applicable, procedures. Operational agreements setting out 
the terms of reference for these checks (verifications) were signed in 2009 with the 
UN,  the  World  Bank  group  and  the  International  Monetary  Fund.  The  agreement 
with  the  IMF  also  made  it  easier  for  the  Commission  to  cooperate  with  it  on  anti-
money laundering programmes. 

Regarding  cooperation  between  the  European  Commission  and  local  authorities, 
2009  witnessed  the  first  implementation  stages  of  the  strategy  defined  by  the 
Commission 
for 
development7.  The  first  "Assizes  of  decentralised  cooperation"  bringing  together 
more  than  300  representatives  of  local  authorities  from  the  EU  and  developing 
countries were held in Brussels in December 2009. Throughout the year, cooperation 

its  2008  Communication  on  Local  authorities:  actors 

in 

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EU  15  members  of  the  Organisation  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development/Development 
Assistance Committee (OECD/DAC) represent 56 % of all DAC members' ODA 
COM2008(626) of 08.10.2008 

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with  non-state  actors  was  pursued,  both  in  terms  of  their  involvement  in  defining 
development strategies and their role as implementers of development actions.  

Providing budget support 

Budget support is a preferred mechanism for aid delivery of the Commission, in line 
with the principles of increasing local ownership, promoting capacity development in 
partner  countries,  ensuring  alignment  of  aid  with  national  policy,  and  reducing  the 
transaction costs of aid delivery. 

Budget support is a mechanism where funds are transferred to the national treasury 
of the beneficiary country provided it meets agreed conditions for payment. During 
2009,  the  Commission  committed  €2.4  billion  of  EU  aid  funds  for  external 
cooperation8  in  this  way.  The  funds  are  provided  either  as  general  budget  support 
(GBS),  which 
implementation  of  a  national  development 
policy/strategy,  or  as  sector-specific  budget  support  (SBS),  to  help  the  partner 
country to make progress in a given sector. 

supports 

the 

In  2009,  GBS  commitments  made  up  35%  of  all  new  budget  support  operations, 
amounting to €869 million. All 23 beneficiary  countries were in the ACP region. In 
2009 about 10% of new GBS operations were made to countries in fragile situations 
(see box).  

The  use  of  SBS  rose  slightly  in  2009.  Total  SBS  commitments  amounted  to  €1.6 
billion, about 65% of 2009 new budget support operations. It was used for virtually 
all  the  new  budget  support  operations  outside  the  ACP  region.  In  the  EU 
neighbourhood  countries  and  South  Africa,  budget  support  operations  are 
concentrated  on  vocational  education  and  training,  public  health  reform,  water  and 
waste  water  management,  transport,  environment  and  employment,  and  primary 
education.  In  Asia,  all  commitments  were  made  in  the  social  sectors.  In  Latin 
America,  the  main  sectors  were  education  and  social  cohesion.  In  the  ACP  region, 
SBS  operations  concentrated  on  traditional  sectors  (roads,  health  and  education), 
with some emerging new sectors like decentralised agriculture and human resources 
development. 

Based  on  a  presentation  to  the  OECD/DAC,  the  EU  is  now  testing  a  new 
methodology for evaluating budget support. Pilot evaluations were launched during 
2009  in  Tunisia,  Mali  and  Zambia.  If  the  pilot  tests  prove  positive,  the  agreed 
methodology  providing  for  harmonised  evaluation  procedures  in  all  beneficiary 
countries will be available by mid-2011. 

The  Commission's  geographic  evaluations  finalised  in  2009  show  that  in  nearly  all 
countries  and  regions  the  shift  towards  budget  support  had  a  positive  impact  for 
instance  on  dialogue  with  partner  countries,  donor  coordination,  public  financial 
management  and  policy  reforms  in  the  beneficiary  countries.  However,  these 
findings are based on a limited number of cases and cannot be generalised.  

The  strengthening  of  public  finance  management  (PFM)  systems  continues  to  be 
essential  to  the  provision  of  budget  support,  to  ensure  that  governments  are 

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This covers only aid managed by the EuropeAid Cooperation Office. 

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accountable for the utilisation of their budgets, to their own taxpayers and to those of 
the  European  Union.  The  Public  Expenditure  and  Financial  Accountability  (PEFA) 
diagnostic tool, developed by the Commission with the World Bank and some other 
organisations,  is  used  to  establish  baselines  for  measuring  whether  countries  are 
making  progress  within  their  PFM  systems.  From  June  2005  to  the  end  of  2009, 
PEFA assessments were carried out in 105 countries, of which 62 are from the ACP 
region.  This  covers  almost  all  the  countries  which  benefit  from  EU-funded  budget 
support. 

Training courses are delivered to improve the capacity of Commission staff to design 
and  implement  budget  support  programmes.  These  courses  are  usually  open  to 
officials from partner governments and to staff from other donor agencies.  

The European Commission believes that for some fragile states in post-crisis or post-conflict 
situations  budget  support  provides  the  best  means  of  aid,  even  if  these  countries  do  not 
formally  qualify  for  it.  In  the  Commission's  view,  budget  support  can  facilitate  stabilisation 
and avoid further economic and political deterioration. This is why it drew up new guidelines 
in 2009 to adjust the criteria for budget support to their specific situation. As a result, budget 
support programmes will be designed in such a way that risks are mitigated while ensuring a 
proper use of the window of opportunity immediately following a conflict or a crisis situation. 
(cid:198) See 5.1.2 in full Report for further information. 

Working for results 

The Commission takes pains to measure the  impact of its development cooperation 
actions.  This  is  an  important  priority  shared  by  all  donors.  It  helps  to  direct  aid  to 
where  it  is  most  effective.  Until  now  most  donors  have  focused  more  on  input, 
spending  and 
impact  and  sustainability. 
Measurement  of  results,  impact  and  sustainability  of  projects  and  programmes  is 
pivotal to assess the effects of aid on actual poverty eradication. 

technicalities  and 

less  on  results, 

In  practice,  the  Commission  has  sought  to  raise  its  standards  in  recent  years  in  aid 
implementation,  quality  control,  accountability  and  results  monitoring.  It  has 
engaged in a reform of its processes in order to make them simpler, more focused on 
quality  and  results,  and  in  line  with  internationally  agreed  objectives  on  aid 
effectiveness.  The  Commission  has  also  developed  more  dynamic  forms  of 
partnership  with  beneficiaries  and  with  other  donors  and  has  simplified  its 
procedures and clarified the rules for delivery and implementation. 

In 2009, efforts concentrated on: 

•  The  implementation  of  the  reform  of  the  Commission's  technical  cooperation  to 
improve  aid  effectiveness.  The  key  elements  at  this  stage  were  to  develop 
guidance and to establish a system for monitoring the results of the reform; 

•  The  adoption  of  a  number  of  methodology  instruments  in  2009  in  order  to 

simplify and streamline the implementation of EU external aid; 

•  The  development  of  skills  and  capacity  of  staff  involved  in  delivering  external 

assistance at Headquarter and Delegation level;  

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•  A  revision  of  the  main  quality  tool  implemented  at  the  design  phase  in  the 
project's lifecycle, which is a peer review mechanism called oQSG (office Quality 
Support Group) and which in 2009 covered nearly 100% of eligible projects and 
programmes.  

The Commission has an active programme of evaluations: 19 new evaluations were 
launched  in  2009.  The  main  conclusions  from  completed  evaluations  are  that 
programming, implementation and  effectiveness  are  good  in  most  cases.  Efficiency 
and  sustainability  are  still  considered  the  weakest  elements.  EU  interventions  do 
generate positive impacts but ownership by partner countries should be increased.  

In 2009, a total of 1 548 results-oriented monitoring (ROM) reports were produced. 
This  is  an  increase  of  24%  over  2008.  Results  for  2009  show  that  project 
performance improved compared to 2008.  

In  summary,  the  Commission  has  acted  rapidly  to  address  the  problems  caused  by 
the crises of 2008-2009 and to ensure that the impact of its resources is maximised. 
The EU has shown the capacity to innovate and to adapt its aid instruments to meet 
new challenges. The dynamics of this process have created new synergies and more 
effective results.  

The  Commission  will  continue  to  work  towards  achieving  the  Millennium 
Development  Goals,  which  are  to  be  the  subject  of  a  major  international  review  in 
2010.  

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Graph 1: ODA sectoral breakdown

9. Other/Unallocated : 
Admin. Costs, Support to 
NGOs, Unspecified;  

546 M€; 4,6%

7. Emergency assistance, 
Reconstruction Relief; 1 
262 M€; 10,7%

6. Action relating to debt; 
13 M€; 0,1%

5. Budget Support, Food 
Aid, Food Security;
 1 298 M€; 11,0%

4. Multisector/Crosscutting 
: Environment, Other;
 1 612 M€; 13,7%

3. Production : Agriculture, 
Forestry & Fishing, 
Industry, Mining & 
Construction, Trade & 
Tourism; 

1 707 M€

; 14,5%

Commitments 2009 in € million
ODA resources managed by the European Commission.

1. Social Infrastructures: 
Education, Health, Water, 
Government & Civil 
Society, Other ; 
4 082 M€; 34,7%

2. Economic Infrastructures 
& Services : Transport, 
Communications, Energy, 
Other services; 
1 243 M€; 10,6%

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Graph 2: European Consensus: Areas relating to EU development cooperation

1. Governance and support 
for economic and 
institutional reforms; 
1 394 M€; 11,8%

10. Multi areas; 
2 559 M€; 21,8%

9. Conflict prevention and 
fragile states; 
1 650 M€; 14,0%

8. The environment and 
sustainable management 
of natural resources;  423 
M€; 3,6%

7. Rural development, 
territorial planning, 
agriculture and food 
security;
 1 787 M€ ; 15,2%

Commitments 2009 in € million
ODA resources managed by European Commission.

2. Trade and regional 
integration; 
 462 M€; 3,9%

3. Infrastructure and 
transport; 
1 034 M€; 8,8%

4. Water and energy;  541 
M€; 4,6%

5.Social cohesion and 
employment;  
550 M€; 4,7%

6. Human and social 
development; 
1 364 M€; 11,6%

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Graph 3: 2000-2009 Poverty focus

Net  Disburs eme nt s

43.1%

36.9%

32.7%

16.3%

10.4%

44.5%

35.8%

43.7%

44.3%

43.6%

44.3%

41.0%

35.0%

35.1%

33.4%

33.5%

32.9%

30.7%

31.0%

21.8%

22.4%

24.9%

22.3%

27.9%

26.6%

18.1%

19.1%

26.0%

20.0%

13.0%

35.4%

29.9%

27.9%

22.5%

14.2%

8.7%

10.3%

10.8%

10.7%

8.6%

10.4%

10.0%

9.2%

5.9%

5.5%

2.5%

3.0%

2.9%

45.8%

32.0%

21.6%

18.4%

10.4%

3.1%

39.5%

37.9%

26.7%

15.1%

11.2%

5.3%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

2000

2001

2002

LDC

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

OLIC

LMIC

UMIC

REGION / UNALLOC

LDC+OLIC

2 000- 2003  Eu rope an Commission re porting  to DAC ( fo llowing th e sa me method: LDCs/LICs cou ntry specific a llocations -includ ing EIB- /To ta l 
d isb urseme nts)
2 004 An nual Repo rt infor mation
2 005, 2006 , 200 7 Annu al Re port informa tio n a cco rding  to DAC L ist of r ecipien t upd ated in 2006
2 008 An nual Repo rt infor mation   - Accord ing to  DAC List o f recip ient u pdated  in 20 08.
2 009 Pro visio nal figure s An nual Repo rt exer ci se   - Accordin g to DAC List of recipie nt up dated in 200 8.

L DC : Le ast Develop ed Countrie s

O LIC : O th er Low In co me Countries

L MIC : Lower  Midd le Inco me Co untries

UMIC : Up per Middle  Income  Cou ntries
REG ION / UNA LLO C : Re giona l P rogr ammes and  Una llocated

The  d ecrease of th e % fo r the  L DC can be in par t expla ined by the  incre ase of total ODA disbu rsemen ts in particular  to regio nal/una llocated 
p rogra mmes. Th ese p rogr ammes also ben efit the poo rest coun tri es.

In th e new DA C list, which to ok e ffect i n 2 008, a numb er of O LICs have bee n reclassified as Lower Middle -Income Countrie s: Camero on, Ca pe Verd e, 
India , Repu blic o f Mold ova, Mong olia, Ni ca ragu a, an d Re publi c of Co ngo .

EN 

12 

   EN