Financing Natura 2000 : guidance handbook.
Date: 2010-04-01
Institutions: Directorate-General for Environment
Subjects: biodiversity, environmental protection, financing, fund (EU), information network, protection of animal life, protection of plant life

Financing Natura 2000

Guidance Handbook

Revised version, June 07

Contract realized by:

Financing Natura 2000

Guidance Handbook

Revised version, June 07

Commissioned by the European Commission DG Environment

Linking Management and Financing of Natura 2000 
Reference: ENV.B.2/SER/2006/0055 
Service contract 07030302/2006/451188/MAR/B2

This publication has been prepared in the framework 
 of a service contract; it is not legally binding

1

Drafted by: 
Clare Miller, Marianne Kettunen; IEEP

CONTENTS 

Updated by:  
Marianne Kettunen; IEEP

Editor: 
Peter Torkler; WWF

1.. FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................................................... 6

2.. INTRODUCTION:  

NATURA 2000 AND NATURA FUNDING ......................................8

With support from 
Stefanie Lang, Andreas Baumüller; WWF

3.. WHO AND WHAT THE GUIDANCE HANDBOOK  

IS FOR, AND ITS BENEFITS ..........................................................................................9

Layout: 
Michal Stránský

Online: 
http://ec..europa..eu/environment/nature/
natura2000/financing/index_en..htm

Contact: 
Peter Torkler  
WWF Germany  
Fon: +49 30 30 87 42 15 
torkler@wwf..de

4.. DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS,  

STRUCTURE, CONTENT AND APPLICATION ..................11

5.. DESCRIPTIONS OF FUNDS ........................................................................................15

6.. FUNDING OPTIONS FOR NATURA 2000  

MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES ....................................................................................27

7.. REFERENCES, KEY PUBLICATIONS,  

KEY WEBSITES ..................................................................................................................................110

ISBN 978-92-79-06399-2

2

LIST OF TABLES

•. Table 1:  

•. Table 14:  

Target groups of the funds analysis ................................................11

List of key articles in the Cohesion Fund  
Regulation in relation to Natura 2000 ......................................22

•. Table 2:  

Types of Natura 2000 sites ......................................................................................11

•. Table 15:  

•. Table 3:  

List of Natura 2000 management activities ................12

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the Life+ fund ..........................................................................................................................24

•. Table 4:  

Priority axes of the EAFRD .................................................................................... 16

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the Research FP7 ..............................................................................................................25

•. Table 16:  

•. Table 5:  

•. Table 17:  

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the EAFRD ........................................................................................................................................ 16

List of key articles in the Research FP7  
in relation to Natura 2000 ......................................................................................25

•. Table 6:  

List of key articles in the EAFRD Regulation  
in relation to Natura 2000.. .................................................................................... 16

•. Table 7:  

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the EFF ........................................................................................................................................................17

•. Table 8:  

List of key articles in the EFF  
Regulation in relation to Natura 2000.. ....................................17

•. Table 9:  

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the ERDF ................................................................................................................................................19

•. Table 10:  

List of key articles in the ERDF Regulation  
in relation to Natura 2000 ......................................................................................19

•. Table 11:  

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the ESF ......................................................................................................................................................21

•. Table 12:  

List of key articles in the ESF Regulation  
in relation to Natura 2000 ......................................................................................21

•. Table 13:  

Key dates in the implementation process  
for the Cohesion Fund ......................................................................................................22

3

TABLES OF ACTIVITIES

•. Activity 1:  

•. Activity 14:  

ADMINISTRATION  
OF SELECTION PROCESS ..............................................................................................34

CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT –  
INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES ............................................................................................72

•. Activity 2:  

•. Activity 15:  

SCIENTIFIC STUDIES/INVENTORIES  
FOR SITE IDENTIFICATION ......................................................................................35

IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT  
SCHEMES AND AGREEMENTS ........................................................................ 76

•. Activity 3:  

•. Activity 16:  

PREPARATION OF INITIAL  
INFORMATION AND PUBLICITY MATERIAL .................. 36

PROVISION OF SERVICES,  
COMPENSATION FOR RIGHTS FOREGONE  
AND LOSS OF INCOME .................................................................................................... 80

•. Activity 4:  

PILOT PROJECTS ............................................................................................................................ 40

•. Activity 17:  

MONITORING AND SURVEYING ................................................................82

•. Activity 5:  

PREPARATION OF MANAGEMENT PLANS,  
STRATEGIES AND SCHEMES ................................................................................44

•. Activity 18:  

RISK MANAGEMENT .............................................................................................................. 86

•. Activity 6:  

ESTABLISHMENT  
OF MANAGEMENT BODIES ....................................................................................46

•. Activity 19:  
(ONGOING)  
SURVEILLANCE OF SITES .................................... 90

•. Activity 7:  

•. Activity 20:  

CONSULTATION AND NETWORKING –  
PUBLIC MEETINGS, NETWORKING,  
LIASON WITH LANDOWNERS ..........................................................................48

PROVISION OF INFORMATION  
AND PUBLICITY MATERIAL ....................................................................................92

•. Activity 8:  

TRAINING AND EDUCATION ................................................................................96

REVIEW OF MANAGEMENT PLANS,  
STRATEGIES AND SCHEMES ................................................................................52

•. Activity 22:  

•. Activity 21:  

•. Activity 9:  

RUNNING COSTS  
OF MANAGEMENT BODIES ....................................................................................54

•. Activity 10:  

MAINTENANCE OF FACILITIES  
FOR PUBLIC – ACCESS TO  
AND USE OF SITES ........................................................................................................................56

•. Activity 11:  

ONGOING STAFF COSTS ................................................................................................58

•. Activity 12:  

FACILITIES TO ENCOURAGE  
VISITOR USE AND APPRECIATION  
OF NATURA 2000 SITES ............................................................................................100

•. Activity 23:  

LAND PURCHASE, INCLUDING  
COMPENSATION FOR  
DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS ............................................................................................ 102

•. Activity 24:  

INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDED  
FOR THE RESTORATION OF HABITAT  
OR SPECIES .............................................................................................................................................. 104

CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT –  
HABITATS .......................................................................................................................................................... 60

•. Activity 25:  

INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PUBLIC ACCESS ..........................106

•. Activity 13:  

CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT –  
SPECIES ................................................................................................................................................................ 66

4

ý
k
s
n
á
r
t
S

..

M
©

5

 
 
FOREWORD

Biodiversity means the diversity of life in all its forms – 
the  diversity  of  species,  of  genetic  variations  within 
species,  and  of  ecosystems..  It  provides  a  wide  range 
of  benefits  to  mankind  –  for  example  goods  (such  as 
timber and medicinal products) and essential services 
(such  as  carbon-cycling  and  storage,  clean  water,  cli-
mate mitigation, mitigation of natural hazards, and pol-
lination).. 

The continuing loss of biodiversity has been recognised 
as  one  of  the  most  pressing  environmental  problems 
facing our society.. The richness of Europe’s wildlife and 
the habitats that support them are a much valued ele-
ment of our quality of life.. More importantly still, these 
areas play a critical role in the regulation of the natural 
systems (water cycle, climate) and some of the natural 
resources on which our society depends.. The economic 
value of these “ecosystem services” is overwhelmingly 
higher  than  the  cost  of  their  protection  and  preserva-
tion.. We have, however, the tendency to take these sys-
tems for granted.. Their value is normally only appreci-
ated in the event of breakdown in the systems resulting 
in some natural disaster – flooding, tidal waves, etc..

As  Director-General  for  Environment,  I  welcome  the 
growing recognition given to the environmental issue 
of biodiversity.. The conservation and sustainable use of 
biodiversity is of immense importance for the future of 
our  planet..  But  –  unfortunately  –  it  has  still  to  attract 
the same level of concern and action..

At the same time, our citizens are greatly interested in 
nature  and  wildlife  issues..  Television  documentaries 
on  wildlife  are  hugely  popular  and  NGOs  which  sup-
port nature protection have many millions of members 
across Europe.. But this widespread concern still needs 
to be translated into a determined and coordinated po-
litical effort..

Over  recent  years  we  have  made  significant  progress 
towards  putting  into  place  modern,  streamlined  and 
cost-effective  policies  that  will  achieve  a  cleaner  and 
healthier environment for our citizens while also stimu-
lating innovation.. Protecting our nature for future gen-
erations is a work in progress, and we still have much 
to  do..  It  is  a  task  I  am  committed  to  pursuing  vigor-
ously  over  the  coming  years..  From  nature,  we  will  de-
rive pleasure, fulfilment, inspiration and solace.. Nature 
is fundamental to our culture, language, psychological 
and spiritual wellbeing.. 

Natura 2000 is the European ecological network of sites 
established under the Habitats Directive.. Its main pur-
pose is the protection of habitat types and plant and 
animal species of Community interest in the European 
Union.. Natura 2000 is an important contribution to the 
long-term  goal  of  protecting  the  Community’s  biodi-
versity resources.. Significant progress has been made in 
the establishment of the Natura 2000 network through 
designation  by  Member  States  of  more  than  18..000 
sites.. Now that the network is nearing completion, it is 
crucial that attention turns more towards management 
of the sites.. The implementation of management plans 
clearly raises the issue of the availability of financial and 
other resources required..

Through this Guidance you will be able to better know 
how  to  use  Community  funds  for  Natura 2000,  which 
will  contribute  to  the  implementation  of  Natura 2000 
and thus to the overall goal of protecting Europe’s bio-
diversity..

Mogens Peter Carl

6

ý
k
s
n
á
r
t
S

..

M
©

7

 
 
INTRODUCTION:  
NATURA 2000  
AND NATURA FUNDING

Natura in a nut shell 

Natura 2000  is  the  bedrock  of  conservation  in  the  Eu-
ropean  Union..  The  establishment  of  the  Natura 2000 
network was initiated in 1992 through the adoption of 
the Habitats Directive.. Together with the Birds Directive, 
the Habitats Directive provides a common framework 
for the conservation of wildlife and habitats within the 
EU  and  is  the  key  European  initiative  for  maintaining 
the biodiversity of the Member States.. 

The  sites  designated  as  part  of  the  Natura 2000  net-
work now cover around 15–30% of the territory of the 
EU Member States – already the total area included in 
the network is larger than 2 times Germany..

Natura 2000  will  be  a  EU-wide  ecological  network  of 
conservation  areas  with  the  aim  of  maintaining  and 
restoring  endangered  habitats  and  species  of  Com-
munity  interest..  In  order  to  establish  the  Natura 2000 
network,  the  EU  has  been  divided  into  nine  bio-geo-
graphical  regions:  the  Pannonian,  Boreal,  Continental, 
Atlantic, Alpine, Macaronesian, Steppic, Black Sea and 
Mediterranean  regions..  For  each  region  the  Member 
States propose to the Commission a list of sites selected 
on the basis of criteria contained in the Habitats Direc-
tive.. With the assistance of the European Topic Centre 
on  Biological  Diversity  (ETC),  independent  scientists, 
Member State experts and NGOs, the Commission then 
evaluates  these  proposals  aiming  to  create  a  consist-
ent, coherent and representative ecological network of 
sites..  After  the  Commission  has  adopted  the  Commu-
nity lists of Natura 2000 sites the Member States (within 
a certain transition period) are responsible for taking all 
necessary measures to guarantee the conservation of 
their sites and prevent their deterioration..

In order to meet their obligations to take the necessary 
conservation measures, Member States are required to 
make or continue investments in infrastructure, activi-
ties,  staff,  and/or  institutions..  A  great  variety  of  activi-
ties are necessary for the effective management of sites 
eg developing management plans, habitat restoration, 
and  active  management  activities  such  as  mowing  or 
species  monitoring..  These  activities  impose  costs  on 
Member  States,  which  in  principle  should  be  covered 
by national budgets based on the principle of subsidi-
arity.. However, the Habitats Directive Article 8, provides 
for the possibility of Community co-financing of such 
activities where needed..

In  addition  to  improving  nature  conservation  efforts, 
the establishment of the Natura 2000 network can also 
bring considerable economic and social benefits.. These 

8

include,  for  example,  the  provision  of  ecosystem  serv-
ices,  the  supply  of  food  and  wood  products,  the  crea-
tion of employment opportunities (eg in eco-tourism), 
diversification of local economies, increasing social sta-
bility and improving living conditions, and reduced lo-
cal environmental problems such as water pollution.. 

Preparations for the Natura 2000 network are also tak-
ing place in the two new Member States, Bulgaria and 
Romania, which joined the EU in 2007.. At present, these 
countries  have  already  proposed  their  lists  of  sites  to 
the EC.. 

Financing Natura 2000

In its Communication on the Financing of Natura 2000 
to the Council and the European Parliament1 – adopted 
on  15  July  2004  –  the  Commission  presents  its  ideas 
about  how  the  financial  needs  of  Natura 2000  can  be 
integrated  into  the  different  Community  Funds  and 
what measures can possibly be financed by them.. 

In  preparing  the  Communication  the  Commission,  as-
sisted  by  an  Expert  Working  Group  on  Article  8  com-
posed of representatives of Member States and stake-
holder experts, estimated the likely financial needs of 
a well-managed network.. The final estimate of € 6..1 bil-
lion per annum for EU-25 was based on Member State 
responses to a questionnaire, as well as experience to-
date  of  costs  arising  on  sites  that  have  already  been 
subject to management.. 

In the Communication it is proposed that future co-fi-
nancing  should,  consistent  with  current  practice,  be 
accommodated  within  existing  financial  instruments – 
‘the  integration  option’.. The  following  reasons  are  pre-
sented for the choice of the integration option:

•	

•	

•	

it	will	ensure	that	the	management	of	Natura	2000	
sites is part of the wider land management poli-
cies of the EU.. Thus, farming inside Natura 2000 
sites will be part of the Common Agricultural 
Policy financial support and, structural interven-
tions, being part of rural and regional develop-
ment policies.. This complementary approach will 
enable the network of Natura 2000 sites to play 
its role in protecting Europe’s biodiversity bet-
ter than if Natura 2000 sites are seen to be iso-
lated or different from the wider policy context..
it	will	allow	Member	States	to	set	priorities	and	
to develop policies and measures which re-
flect their national and regional specificities..
it	will	avoid	duplication	and	overlap	of	differ-
ent Community funding instruments and the ad-
ministrative complication and transaction costs 
which would be associated with such duplication..

1  COM (2004) 431 final, 15th July 2004

A ‘new world’  
for European financing of nature

Many of those using this Handbook may have had expe-
rience in planning the funding for Natura 2000 projects 
before,  perhaps  using  the  funding  instruments  that 
were in place for the 2000-2006 period.. It is crucial to 
recognize that in the period 2007–13 the Community 
funding  for  nature  conservation  has  been  revised  sig-
nificantly.. This  means  that  those  aiming  to  secure  ad-
equate funding for nature projects must actively seek 
new opportunities in the Community funds as set out 
in this Handbook, as well as continuing to pursue other 
national-level funding..

The provisions in the new 2007–13 funds open up the 
possibility of making much more finance available for 
nature projects.. The needs for funding of Natura 2000 
were  clearly  identified  in  all  the  appropriate  funding 
regulations  presented  by  the  Commission  in  the  con-
text of the 2007–13 Budget proposals.. 

However, in order to fully benefit from this possibility 
the Member States and those involved in the manage-
ment  of  nature  projects  need  to  work  together  to  en-
sure  that  the  opportunities  provided  by  the  Commu-
nity  funds  are  taken  up.. This  means  that  the  national 
and  regional  authorities  planning  the  funding  pro-
grammes, together with the managers of Natura 2000 
sites and land included in Natura 2000 sites need to in-
creasingly  think  how  nature  conservation  objectives 
and the management of Natura 2000 can be integrated 
into the broader concept of regional, rural and marine 
development..

WHO AND WHAT  
THE GUIDANCE  
HANDBOOK IS FOR, 
AND ITS BENEFITS

Who is the Guidance Handbook for?

This  Guidance  Handbook  (‘the  Handbook’)  is  prima-
rily intended for the authorities in the Member States 
that  are  responsible  for  formulating  the  national  and 
regional  programmes  in  the  2007–13  period..  The 
Handbook aims to assist authorities to identify the op-
portunities for EU co-financing of Natura 2000 and en-
courage  these  opportunities  to  be  fully  incorporated 
into national and regional funding programmes.. 

The Handbook could also be a useful instrument for au-
thorities involved in the development of management 
plans for specific sites as it can provide valuable ideas 
as to how specific management measures could be fi-
nanced in future..

Through  use  of  this  Handbook,  national  and  regional 
authorities  are  invited  to  consider  all  potential  target 
groups (ie those ‘end-users’ of Community funds who 
actually carry out activities related to Natura 2000 sites), 
including administrations, farmers, foresters, fishermen 
and  aquaculturalists,  private  land  owners,  public  land 
owners,  land  managers,  non-governmental  organisa-
tions  (NGOs),  education  organisations  and  Small  and 
Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs).. Even though the con-
tent of this Handbook does not directly address these 
target groups, it should help these groups and their rep-
resentative  organisations  to  be  more  informed  about 
the  planning  being  undertaken  by  national  and  re-
gional authorities.. Moreover managers of Natura 2000 
sites  know  quite  well  which  measures  are  important 
and need to be financed and they could provide their 
experience and information to the relevant authorities 
that  are  responsible  for  formulating  the  national  and 
regional programmes..

The analysis of the funds presented in the section titled 
‘Funding  Options  for  Natura 2000  Management  Activi-
ties’  covers  different  types  of  Natura 2000  sites  includ-
ing:  agricultural  land;  forests;  other  terrestrial  land;  in-
land waters; wetlands; coastal areas; and marine areas.. 
The analysis also highlights opportunities for the differ-
ent target groups mentioned above.. Details of the tar-
get  groups  and  site  types  are  given  in  the  definitions 
and descriptions section..

9

What is the Guidance Handbook for?

In summary, the Handbook will:

The majority of the Community’s co-financing for Nat-
ura 2000  in  the  future  will  be  delivered  through  exist-
ing Community funds aiming to enhance rural, regional, 
and  marine  development  in  the  EU..  Securing  sustain-
able  use  of  resources  and  strengthening  the  syner-
gies  between  environmental  protection  and  growth 
are  also  encouraged  within  the  context  of  the  Lisbon 
Strategy.. Therefore, in the 2007–13 period, national/re-
gional  development  and  cohesion  programmes  sup-
ported  by  the  Community  funds  will  also  need  to  in-
creasingly  incorporate  environmental  considerations 
(eg Natura 2000) in their funding priorities2..

•	 signpost	funding	possibilities	for	Nat-

ura 2000 at the EU level; 

•	 help	in	providing	understanding	of	the	new	
Regulations at an operational level; and
•	 draw	attention	to	general	funding	options	
that may not be immediately obvious..

Benefits of the Guidance Handbook

The main benefits of the Guidance Handbook are con-
sidered to be the following:

This Handbook aims to provide an accurate and up-to-
date  resource  for  national  and  regional  authorities  to 
identify  the  opportunities  for  EU  co-financing  of  Nat-
ura 2000 in the 2007–13 funding period.. It focuses on 
the main EU funding instruments that will apply during 
these years, including:

•	

the	possibility	to	check	whether	all	neces-
sary actions are provided for, and if all fund-
ing opportunities are known and used;

•	 support	for	the	future	review	of	programmes;	and
•	

important	background	information	when	
developing management plans..

•	 The	Structural	Funds	(European	Social	Fund	(ESF)	

and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)); 

•	 The	Cohesion	Fund;	
•	 The	European	Agricultural	Fund	for	Ru-

ral Development (EAFRD); 

•	 The	European	Fisheries	Fund	(EFF);	
•	 The	Financial	Instrument	for	the	En-

vironment (LIFE+); and 

•	 The	7th Research Framework Programme (FP7).. 

The  idea  is  to  help  identify  complementarity  and  syn-
ergies among the various financial instruments, while 
avoiding duplication and overlaps.. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  the  Handbook  presents  the  EU 
funding options that are, in principle, available at the 
national and regional level.. However, concrete funding 
possibilities  for  Natura 2000  in  2007–13  will  be  deter-
mined by the national and regional programmes that 
will be prepared by the Member States.. The Handbook 
does  not  cover  funding  for  all  the  measures  that  are 
necessary  to  implement  the  Habitats  and  Birds  Direc-
tives  (eg  elaboration  of  species  action  plans  separate 
from site management).. Its coverage is limited to only 
those activities that relate to Natura 2000 sites..

Although some of the national programme planning for 
2007–13 is already finalised, the overall process of draw-
ing up, approving and implementing programmes and 
selecting  projects  is  still  at  an  early  stage..  The  Hand-
book will be actively promoted by workshops at the na-
tional level and feed in to the funding process.. 

The  elaboration  of  the  Handbook  and  its  further  dis-
tribution into the Member States by conducting work-
shops has to be seen as one step in an ongoing process.. 
In  the  past,  Community  funding  for  nature  conserva-
tion issues has been mainly delivered by the LIFE pro-
gramme, targeting individual projects.. Funding oppor-
tunities  in  the  Rural  Development  and  the  Structural 
Funds have not been widely used in previous financial 
periods.. The integration of Natura 2000 co-funding into 
existing Community funding instruments as proposed 
by the Commission for the 2007–13 period is therefore 
a new approach for most authorities and stakeholders 
involved.. 

The  national  implementation  of  this  new  system  will 
certainly take some time.. Therefore, the Handbook aims 
to both assist in the preparation of the current national 
programmes,  and  also  to  support  better  implementa-
tion of the integrated approach in the longer term.. 

2  Refer to: Integrated guidelines for Growth and Jobs 

(2005-2008) (COM(2005)141): Microeconomic guide-

lines – Guideline 14; Communication from the Commis-

sion: Cohesion Policy in Support of Growth and Jobs: Com-

munity Strategic Guidelines, 2007–13 (COM (2005) 299)..

10

DEFINITIONS  
AND DESCRIPTIONS,  
STRUCTURE, CONTENT 
AND APPLICATION

Definitions and descriptions

Target Groups

Types of Natura 2000 sites

The table 2 sets out the types of Natura 2000 sites that 
were  included  in  the  analysis  of  the  regulations  pre-
sented  in  the  next  section.. The  Handbook  invites  the 
national and regional authorities to consider the types 
of Natura sites listed below..

This document aims to provide advice to the relevant 
authorities  in  the  Member  States  responsible  for  for-
mulating the national and regional programmes in the 
2007–13 funding period.. Authorities are invited to con-
sider all potential target groups that could carry out ac-
tivities related to Natura 2000 sites.. Table 1 sets out the 
categories  of  target  groups  involved..  The  categories 
have been defined in order to distinguish those with le-
gal interests in land (eg owners, lessees), from others.. 

Table 1: TargeT groups of The funds analysis

Public administrations

Farmers

Foresters

Private landowners

Public landowners

Public administrations are government bodies and public advisory bodies, at national, regional or local 
level.. Public administrations include: government agencies such as departments and ministries, regional 
bodies such as local government, water and health authorities, etc..
Advice under this heading is directed at administrations that advise on land management but do not own 
land..

Individuals or organisations involved in commercial agricultural activities..

Individuals or organisations involved in commercial forestry activities..

Private individuals or organisations that own land (eg private forest owners).. May include those involved 
in non-commercial activities on land (not Farmers.. and foresters ).. 

Public organisations and administrations that own land (eg public forest owners).. May include those in-
volved in non-commercial activities on land (not Farmers.. and foresters)..

Fishermen and Aquaculturalists

Individuals or organisations involved in commercial fisheries and aquaculture activities..

Land managers

NGOs

SMEs

Individuals or organisations that manage land, but do not own it.. May include those involved in non-com-
mercial activities on land (not Farmers.. and foresters )..

Non-governmental organisations that neither own nor manage land but wish to support Natura 2000..

Small and medium sized enterprises as defined in Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC of 
6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, OJ L 124, p.. 36-41, of 
20 May 2003..

Educational organisations

Organisations involved in providing educational programmes..

Others

Other individuals or organisations that do not fall into any of the previous categories..

Table 2: Types of naTura 2000 siTes

Agricultural land 

Utilised agricultural area only, including orchards under cultivation..

Forests

Other terrestrial land

Inland waters

Wetlands

Coastal areas

Marine areas

Forests, including dehesa, montado

Includes alpine areas, garigue, all other areas that are not included in the other categories (eg pasture that 
is not classified as utilised agricultural area).. Includes abandoned farmland and orchards..

Rivers, lakes, freshwater..

Marshes, swamps, bogs, estuaries [may be some cross-over with coastal areas]..

Sand dunes, beaches, mud flats, inshore waters (out to 12nm) [may be some cross-over with wetlands]..

Offshore marine areas (outside 12 nautical miles)..

11

Table 3: lisT of naTura 2000 managemenT acTiviTies 

Categorisation No. Types of Activities

Further description 

1 Administration of site selection process

Funding for authorities carrying out the selection process..

Establishment 
of Natura 2000 
sites 

2 Scientific studies/inventories for the identi-
fication of sites – surveys, inventories, map-
ping, condition assessment

3 Preparation of initial information and pub-

licity material

4 Pilot projects

Scientific studies, research personnel, workshops and meetings, assembly 
of databases etc..

Including handbooks, seminars, workshops, communication materials for 
training and capacity building..

Initial ‘trial’ projects at sites..

5 Preparation of management plans, strate-

gies and schemes

Elaboration and/or update of management and action plans, land use 
plans etc..

6 Establishment of management bodies

Start-up funding, feasibility studies, management plans etc..

7 Consultation – public meetings, liaison 

with landowners

Including costs incurred for the organisation of meetings and workshops, 
the publication of consultation outcomes, financial support of stakehold-
ers, etc..
Can include networking activities (travel, meetings, workshops)..

Management 
planning

8 Review of management plans, strategies 

Review and updating of management plans and strategies..

and schemes

9 Running costs of management bodies 

(maintenance of buildings and equipment)

Including: running costs incurred to meet depreciation of infrastructure; 
consumables; travel expenses; rents; leases; etc..

10 Maintenance of facilities for public ac-

Including costs related to guides, maps, related personnel..

cess to and use of the sites, interpretation 
works, observatories and kiosks etc..

11 Staff (conservation/project officers, war-

Ongoing staff costs..

dens/rangers, workers)

12 Conservation management measures – 

maintenance and improvement of habitats’ 
favourable conservation status

13 Conservation management measures – 

maintenance and improvement of species’ 
favourable conservation status

Including restoration work, provision of wildlife passages, management 
of specific habitats, preparation of management plans..

Including restoration work, provision of wildlife passages, management 
of specific species (flora and fauna), plans..

14 Conservation management measures in re-

lation to invasive alien species (IAS)

Including restoration work, infrastructure, management of specific spe-
cies, preparation of management plans..

15 Implementation of management schemes 
and agreements with owners and manag-
ers of land or water for following certain 
prescriptions

Includes:
•	 Agri-environmental	measures,	eg	wildlife-friendly	production	methods,	
habitat restoration on agricultural land, extensive livestock breeding, 
conservation of meadows, etc

Ongoing  
habitat  
management 
and monitor-
ing

16 Provision of services; compensation for 
rights foregone and loss of income; de-
veloping acceptability ‘liaison’ with neigh-
bours

17 Monitoring and surveying

18 Risk management (fire prevention and 

control, flooding etc)

19 Surveillance of the sites 

20 Provision of information and publicity ma-

terial

21 Training and education

22 Facilities to encourage visitor use and ap-

preciation of Natura 2000 sites

•	 Forest-environmental	measures,	eg	creation	of	no	exploitation	zones,	

retention of dead wood, control or eradication of invasive alien species, 
afforestation or reforestation activities, management of specific vegeta-
tion, etc..

•	 Aqua-environmental	measures,	eg	habitat	maintenance	in	aquaculture	

zones etc.. (relates to aquaculture rather than fishing)..

Costs of compensation, eg to Farmers.., foresters or other land owners or 
users for income forgone as a result of management prescriptions needed 
for Natura 2000..

Refers mainly to one-off costs related to monitoring and surveying activi-
ties, eg development of monitoring plans, methods and equipment; train-
ing of personnel.. 

Includes the preparation of wardening and fire-control plans, develop-
ment of relevant infrastructures, and the acquisition of equipment..

Includes on going surveillance, wardening and patrolling activities.. Can 
include personnel costs, consumables, travel, etc in order to implement 
surveillance and guarding activities, including surveillance for the control 
of harmful recreational activities, the control of harmful economic activi-
ties, and protection against wildfires..

Includes establishing communication networks, production of newslet-
ters and awareness and information materials, setting-up and mainte-
nance of internet pages, etc..

Including production of handbooks, seminars, workshops, communica-
tion materials..

12

Categorisation No. Types of Activities

Further description 

Investment 
costs

23 Land purchase, including compensation 

for development rights

Purchase of land in service of environmental protection and management 
schemes..

24 Infrastructure needed for the restoration of 

habitat or species

25 Infrastructure for public access, interpreta-
tion works, observatories and kiosks, etc

Includes an array of measures for the creation of infrastructures specific to 
the management of the environment, eg for water management in peat 
bogs and mines..
Can include equipment acquisition (for equipment relevant to the run-
ning of protection and management institutions and actions such as of-
fice and IT equipment, monitoring materials, boats, diving equipment, 
cameras, etc..)

Infrastructure for public use that is conducive to environmental protec-
tion and management (eg infrastructure increasing the amenity value of 
sites such as signage, trails observation platforms and visitor centres)..
Can include equipment acquisition (for equipment relevant to the run-
ning of protection and management institutions and actions such as of-
fice and IT equipment, monitoring materials, boats, diving equipment, 
cameras, etc..)

Types of activities

Structure & Content

The  extent  to  which  activities  related  to  the  manage-
ment of Natura 2000 sites are eligible for funding will 
vary.. For this reason, they have been categorised and 
set out in the table below.. This list of 25 activities has 
been  adopted  from  the  list  included  in  Annex 3  to 
the  Commission’s  Communication  on  Financing  Nat-
ura 2000  (COM(2004)431  final),  which  was  in  turn  de-
rived from the list of categories determined by the Arti-
cle 8 Working Group and included in their Final Report 
on Financing Natura 20003..

The  working  group  recognised  that  the  definition  of 
type  and  scope  of  activities  is  not  straightforward, 
and  that  Member  States  may  take  quite  different  ap-
proaches  to  categorisation  and  description  of  these.. 
This  point  is  also  recognised  by  the  authors  of  this 
Handbook..  If  Member  State  authorities  are  interested 
in obtaining Community co-funding for a management 
activity that does not appear to be covered in the list 
below, they are advised to contact staff in the European 
Commission’s DG-Environment who will be able to as-
sist with questions of interpretation..

Information  on  funding  possibilities  under  different 
Community funds is presented for each of the 25 activ-
ity  types  in  a  series  of  tables..  Each  table  provides  ref-
erences to the Articles of the EU Regulations that are 
relevant for the activity in question.. In relation to each 
Article the following information is provided:

•	 Article	number
•	 Article’s	subject	(title)
•	 Possible	target	groups*
•	 Possible	site	types*
•	 Area	restrictions	on	eligibility	 

(eg area restrictions under the Structural Funds) 

•	 Other	possible	restrictions/notes	
•	 Possible	examples	of	using	the	 

Article in managing Nature 2000 sites 

*	

This	information	is	not	included	in	tables	 

for Structural Funds/Cohesion Fund, as it is not  

applicable due to the form of these Regulations..

3  See: http://europa..eu..int/comm/environment/nature/nature_

conservation/natura_2000_network/financing_natura_2000/

art8_working_group/pdf/final_report_en..pdf..  

Some changes/additions have been made to the list, as sug-

gested by the Accompanying Working Group for this project..

13

Users  of  the  Handbook  should  note  that  the  Articles 
listed  in  the  tables  do  not  lead  to  identical  opportu-
nities for the activity in question in all Member States.. 
The  funding  possibilities  are  always  subject  to  the 
broader  context  and  objectives  of  the  Regulation  (eg 
regional  development)  and  in  some  cases  the  Article 
itself  can  be  limited  to  a  certain  context  (eg  risk  pre-
vention, renewable energies).. The management of Nat-
ura 2000  sites  is  likely  to  consist  of  a  set  of  measures 
that, depending on the site in question, may be funded 
through  different  European  Funds,  and  different  Arti-
cles.. In fact, managers will need strong skills in assess-
ing funds and programmes in order to match funding 
needs for Natura 2000 with all existing EU and non-EU 
funding resources.. 

At the end of the tables are sheets describing each of 
the  main  Community  funds.. These  sheets  give  a  brief 
description of the aims of the fund, the programming 
process,  and  list  the  Articles  that  are  relevant  to  Nat-
ura 2000 (those included in the tables)..

NB: this Handbook is not intended to be a replace-
ment for carrying out local research on funding op-
portunities – many Member States operate funding 
programmes  that  are  independent  of  Community 
funds,  but  applicable  to  Natura 2000  sites.  This 
Handbook  contains  information  only  on  the  main 
Community funds.

Application

The  European  Funds  that  have  been  analysed  to  pro-
duce this Handbook each operate in accordance with 
the systems and requirements set out in their specific 
Regulations..  The  analysis  of  opportunities  that  is  pre-
sented  in  the  tables  that  follow  in  Section  5  is  based 
on the text of the EU Regulations (draft, or final where 
available) for each individual Fund.. 

For  the  Funds  that  operate  according  to  a  program-
ming process, it is important to note that the availabil-
ity of funds for a particular activity ‘on the ground’ will 
depend on the contents of several strategic and opera-
tional documents, including:

•	 Text	in	the	Regulation,	as	pub-
lished in the Official Journal..

•	 The	contents	of	‘strategic’	programmes	and	plans	
(eg national strategic plans for EFF, national strat-
egy plans for EAFRD, national strategic reference 
frameworks for the ERDF, ESF and the Cohesion 
Fund).. These are drawn up by the Member States..

•	 The	contents	of	‘operational’	national	or	re-

gional programmes (eg rural development pro-
grammes under EAFRD, national operational pro-
grammes under EFF, operational programmes 
under the Structural Funds and the Cohesion 
Fund, national annual priorities under LIFE+)..

These ‘levels’  of  programming  detail  allow  each  Mem-
ber State and/or region to identify the issues that are 
of  most  concern  locally,  and  prioritise  funds  in  order 
to address these issues.. The amount of detail included 
at each level varies for each Fund.. For example, the ru-
ral development programmes to be developed under 
EAFRD  will  contain  very  detailed  descriptions  of  indi-
vidual  measures  that  can  be  funded..  By  contrast,  the 
plans and programmes required under ERDF, ESF and 
the Cohesion Fund are more strategic and will not con-
tain detailed descriptions of measures.. At the national 
and regional level, the Commission does not have pri-
mary responsibility for determining the contents of the 
programmes,  but  it  may  have  a  role  in  checking  that 
programmes  are  in  line  with  Community  priorities  as 
set out in the Regulations or in Strategic Guidelines.. In 
the  past,  Ministries  of  Finance,  Environment,  Agricul-
ture and Development (amongst others) have been in-
volved in drafting programmes for use of Community 
Funds..

14

DESCRIPTIONS  
OF FUNDS

European Agricultural Fund  
for Rural Development (EAFRD)

Council  Regulation  (EC)  No  1698/2005  of  20  Septem-
ber 2005 on support for rural development by the Euro-
pean Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD).. 
OJ L 277/2 21..10..2005..

Also see: Community Strategic Guidelines for Rural De-
velopment.. OJ L..55/20 25..02..2006..

Objectives

The objectives of the EAFRD are set out in Article 4.. ‘Sup-
port  for  rural  development  shall  contribute  to  achiev-
ing the following objectives:

•	

•	

•	

improving	the	competitiveness	of	agricul-
ture and forestry by supporting restruc-
turing, development and innovation;
improving	the	environment	and	the	coun-
tryside by supporting land management;
improving	the	quality	of	life	in	rural	areas	and	en-
couraging diversification of economic activity..’

Programming 

The EAFRD will operate according to a programming ap-
proach for the 2007–13 funding period.. Member State 
authorities  are  required  to  develop  National  Strategy 
Plans (NSPs) and Rural Development Programmes (RDPs), 
which will translate the Community priorities contained 
in  the  Regulation  and  Strategic  Guidelines  into  the  na-
tional/regional context.. In many cases, there will be na-
tional or regional priorities for specific problems..

The  EAFRD  Regulation  sets  out  the  required  process 
for developing and adopting NSPs and RDPs, and their 
required contents/structure (see Titles II and III).. Activi-
ties  that  are  not  included  in  the  Rural  Development 
programmes  cannot  be  funded  under  the  EAFRD..  It 
is  therefore  important  that  the  needs  and  objectives 
related  to  management  of  Natura 2000  sites  are  inte-
grated  into  the  National  Strategy  Plans  and  that  sub-
sequently the related actions/measures are included in 
the  RDPs,  if  authorities  intend  to  use  EAFRD  for  co-fi-
nancing of such activities..

The implementing Regulations for EAFRD provide more 
details on how the measures in Regulation No 1698/2005 
should be applied by Member States.. These Regulations 
include:  Commission  Regulation  (EC)  No  1974/2006  of 
15  December  2006  laying  down  detailed  rules  for  the 
application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 on 
support for rural development by the European Agricul-
tural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)4 and Commis-
sion Regulation (EC) No 1975/2006 of 7 December 2006 
laying  down  detailed  rules  for  the  implementation  of 
Council  Regulation  (EC)  No  1698/2005,  as  regards  the 
implementation  of  control  procedures  as  well  as  cross-
compliance  in  respect  of  rural  development  support 
measures5..

Funding

EAFRD is structured according to four ‘axes’ of rural de-
velopment, and the minimum expenditure on each axis 
varies as follows:

Member  States  have  flexibility  to  split  expenditure 
across the four axes so long as the minimum thresholds 
are respected.. Axis 4 on Leader is developed as a cross-
cutting  approach  that  can  deliver  integrated  rural  de-
velopment by targeting aspects in each of or all of the 
other three axes (see box).. It should be noted that there 
is  likely  to  be  some  competition  for  funding  between 
measures  nationally,  due  to  the  size  of  the  overall  EU 
budget for 2007–13, and measures supporting Natura 
will have to be keenly promoted by stakeholders ahead 
of  other  competing  measures..  The  need  for  dynamic 
thinking  is  therefore  paramount..  Stakeholders  and  na-
tional  administrations  alike  should  seek  to  use  the  op-
tions available within EAFRD to deliver integrated rural 
development.. This means selecting groups of measures 
that lead to wins not only for the environment and Nat-
ura, but also for local economy and society..

4  http://eur-lex..europa..eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2006/

l_368/l_36820061223en00150073..pdf

5  http://eur-lex..europa..eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2006/

l_368/l_36820061223en00740084..pdf

15

LEADER

Leader constitutes the fourth Axis of the new EAFRD and will be used 
to contribute to the priorities of the first three Axes (ie improving 
competitiveness, the environment and countryside, and the qual-
ity of rural life and diversifying the rural economy) as well as en-
couraging bottom-up rural development and improved governance. 
Some 5% of total EAFRD funds will be allocated to the Leader axis 
(2.5% for the new Member States). Leader local strategies are area-
based to make the best use of existing resources and capitalise on 
a common identity. Public-private partnerships, called local action 
groups (LAGs), identify development needs within their own rural 
communities. These are then set out in a development plan. Leader 
funding assists these local action groups to encourage and support 
the development of small-scale, innovative projects that meet lo-
cal development needs in a sustainable way. Leader promotes co-
operation between LAGs in different European countries to jointly 
develop projects and build networks at regional, national and Eu-
ropean  Union  level.  In  past  programming  periods,  many  Leader 
projects have had clear benefits for Natura 2000. The key benefit of 
Leader is not in a large funding source for single Natura 2000 meas-
ures, but rather in the approach, which promotes co-operation of 
local actors and the development of integrated projects. Therefore 
it is very suitable for areas with strategies that combine nature con-
servation and land use in a sustainable way such as enhancing the 
value of Natura 2000 sites eg by eco-tourism or marketing of sus-
tainable regional products. Examples of past Leader projects and 
programmes, and more information is available at: http://europa.
eu.int/comm/agriculture/rur/leaderplus/index_en.htm

Table 4: prioriTy axes of The eafrd

Axis

1.. Improving the competitiveness of the agricul-
tural and forestry sector..

2.. Improving the environment and the countryside..

3.. The quality of life in rural areas and diversifica-
tion of the rural economy..

4.. Leader

Minimum  
Expenditure

10%

25%

10%

5%

Table 5: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The eafrd

Action

European Parliament Opinion on 
Community Strategic Guidelines for 
Rural Development; Community Stra-
tegic Guidelines adopted by Council
Member States to consult on NSPs
Implementing Regulations to be 
adopted by Commission

Member States submit NSPs

Relevant authorities submit RDPs

Date
February 2006

January–March 2006
April–June 2006

March–May 2006 i..e.. max 
3 months after adoption 
of Community Strategic 
Guidelines, but pending on 
adoption of general Regu-
lation on Structural Funds..

Min.. 2 months – max.. 
4 months after submission 
of NSPs

Negotiation of RDPs between Com-
mission and Member States 

6 months after submission 
of RDPs

NSPs and RDPs begin

1 January 2007

16

NB: The above table offers approximate dates only, 
given that the only concrete date is the 1 January 
2007 for NSPs and RDPs to begin. Further delay in 
finalising  the  Financial  Perspectives  could  lead  to 
Member States postponing the finalisation of NSPs 
and  RDPs  until  they  are  certain  of  a  clear  budget-
ary framework under which their Programmes can 
operate.

Table 6: lisT of Key arTicles in The eafrd 
regulaTion in relaTion To naTura 20006

Article

20(a)(i)

Text

vocational training and information actions, including 
diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-
tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 
forestry sectors

20(b)(ii)

improving the economic value of Forests..

20(b)(vi)

36(a)(i)

36(a)(ii)

restoring agricultural production potential damaged 
by natural disasters and introducing appropriate pre-
vention actions

natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain ar-
eas

payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 
than mountain areas

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked  

to Directive 2000/60/EC

36(a)(iv)

agri-environment payments

36(a)(vi)

support for non-productive investments  
[Agricultural land..]

36(b)(i)

first afforestation of Agricultural land..

36(b)(ii)

first establishment of agro-forestry systems  
on Agricultural land..

36(b)(iii)

first afforestation of non-Agricultural land..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments; [Forests..]

36(b)(v)

forest-environment payments

36(b)(vi)

restoring forestry potential and introducing  
prevention actions

36(b)(vii)

support for non-productive investments [Forests..]

52(a)(i)

diversification into non-agricultural activities

52(a)(iii)

encouragement of tourism activities

52(b)(iii)

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage

52(c)

52(d)

a training and information measure for economic  
actors operating in the fields covered by axis 3

a skills-acquisition and animation measure with  
a view to preparing and implementing a local  
development strategy

63

Leader

6  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

European Fisheries Fund 

Council Regulation (EC) No 1198/2006 of 27 July 2006 
on the European Fisheries Fund 

Objectives

The objectives of the European Fisheries Fund (EFF) are 
set out in Article 4.. They include (amongst others): 

•	 supporting	the	Common	Fisheries	Policy	(CFP);
fostering	the	protection	and	the	enhance-
•	
ment of the environment and nature resources 
where related to the fisheries sector; and
•	 encouraging	sustainable	development	and	
the improvement of the quality of life in ar-
eas with activities in the fisheries sector..

Programming 

The  EFF  will  operate  according  to  a  programming  ap-
proach for the 2007–13 funding period.. Member State 
authorities  will  be  required  to  develop  and  adopt  Na-
tional Strategic Plans (NSPs), setting out a strategy for 
their fishing sectors in relation to the CFP, and National 
Operational  Programmes  (NOPs)  detailing  how  EFF 
money is to be spent in line with the NSPs..

The  EFF  Regulation  sets  out  the  required  process  for 
developing and adopting NSPs and their required con-
tents/structure (see EFF Article 15).. NOPs are more spe-
cific and focused than NSPs, and will set out how the 
Member States intend to operationalise the EFF funds 
(see  EFF  Article  17).. They  will  therefore  set  the  frame-
work  for  implementing  the  policies  and  priorities  to 
be co-financed by the EFF.. An activity should therefore 
not be funded under the EFF if it is not in the NOP.. It is 
therefore  important  that  activities  related  to  man-
agement of Natura 2000 sites are included in NOPs 
if  authorities  intend  to  use  EFF  for  co-financing  of 
such activities.

Table 7: Key daTes  
in The implemenTaTion process for The eff

Action

Date

Member States submit NSPs

At latest when submitting 
NOPs

Member States submit NOPs

By 31 December 2006

Commission may request Mem-
ber States to amend NOPs

Within two months of NOP 
submission

Commission approve NOPs

NOPs begin

Debate on NSP implementation 
lessons, organised by Commis-
sion and based on Member State 
written submissions

Up to four months after sub-
mission of agreed NOP

1 January 2007

21 December 2011

Table 8: lisT of Key arTicles in The  
eff regulaTion in relaTion To naTura 20007

Article

Text

4

21

27(1)(a)

27(1)(c)

28

29(1)(b)

29(1)(c)

30(2)(a)

30(2)(d)

36

37(a)

37(b)

37(c)

37(g)

37(i) 

Objectives

Scope of measures for Priority Axis 1: ref 20(c) socio-
economic compensation in support of fleet manage-
ment, including professional training

The Fund may contribute to the financing of socio-eco-
nomic measures proposed by the Member States for 
fishers affected by developments in fishing and which 
involve: 1(a) the diversification of activities with a view 
to promoting multiple jobs for fishers; 

The Fund may contribute to the financing of socio-eco-
nomic measures proposed by the Member States for 
fishers affected by developments in fishing and which 
involve: 1(c) schemes for retraining in occupations out-
side sea fishing;

Scope of measures for Priority Axis 2: ref – intervention 
in aquaculture production

implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 
reducing negative impact or enhancing positive impact 
on the environment when compared with normal prac-
tice in the aquaculture sector;

support for traditional aquaculture activities important 
for preserving and developing both the economic and 
social fabric and the environment;

forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones;

sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC

Scope of interventions for priority Axis 3, measures of 
common interest

contribute sustainably to better management or con-
servation of resources;

promote selective fishing methods or gears and reduc-
tion of by-catches;

remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 
combat ghost fishing; 

develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites; 

upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools; 

7 

 NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

reference to the actual published Regulations, which con-

tain the final text that governs the operation of the Funds. 

17

The general Regulation for the European Regional De-
velopment Fund (ERDF), the European Social Fund (ESF) 
and the Cohesion Fund (CF) defines common principles, 
rules  and  standards  for  the  implementation  of  all  the 
three  funds  (Council  Regulation  (EC)  No  1083/2006).. 
Additionally, more specific provisions for each fund are 
set out in three separate specific Regulations.. 

For  the  programming  period  2007–13  a  rather  impor-
tant simplification has been proposed by the Commis-
sion..  Cohesion  Policy  will  include  three  Funds:  the 
ERDF, CF and the ESF and three Objectives: 1st Objec-
tive: ‘Convergence’  financed  by  ERDF,  ESF  and  CF,  2nd 
Objective: ‘Regional Competitiveness and Employment’ 
financed by ERDF and ESF and 3rd Objective: ‘Territorial 
Co-operation’ financed by ERDF.. Convergence regions 
are those where the GDP per capita is less than 75% of 
the  EU  average..  All  other  regions  are  potential  candi-
dates to the 2nd Objective..

European  
Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Council Regulation (EC) No 1083/2006 of 11 July 2006 
laying  down  general  provisions  on  the  European  Re-
gional  Development  Fund,  the  European  Social  Fund 
and the Cohesion Fund and repealing Regulation (EC) 
No 1260/1999; and

Regulation  (EC)  No  1080/2006  of  the  European  Parlia-
ment and of the Council of 5 July 2006 on the European 
Regional Development Fund and repealing Regulation 
(EC) No 1783/1999)

Objectives

The ERDF shall contribute to the reinforcement of eco-
nomic, social and territorial cohesion within the EU by 
reducing regional disparities and supporting the struc-
tural development and adjustment of regional econo-
mies.. The  ERDF  shall,  in  particular,  aim  to  strengthen 
competitiveness  and  innovation,  create  sustainable 
jobs, and promote environmentally sound growth.. 

The  ERDF  focuses  its  assistance  on  a  number  of  the-
matic priorities that reflect the objectives of the EU Co-
hesion Policy (Articles 4, 5 and 6 of ERDF Regulation).. In 
general, the ERDF contributes towards the financing of 
different  regional  development  initiatives  (eg  produc-
tive investment and infrastructure)

37(j)

38(2)(a)

promote partnerships between scientists and operators 
in the fisheries sector;

the construction or installation of static or moveable 
facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic fauna 
and flora

38(2)(b)

the rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawning 
grounds and migration routes for migratory species

38(2)(c) where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 

protection and enhancement of the environment in the 
framework of N2K, excluding operational costs

41(2)(b)

41(2)(c)

43

44(1)(b)

44(1)(c)

44(1)(e)

44(1)(f )

44(1)(h)

44(1)(i)

45

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on man-
agement plans and fishing effort allocation plans, in-
cluding, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 
zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 
consequences and experimental restocking

Pilot projects: to develop and test methods to improve 
gear selectivity, reduce by-catches, discards or the im-
pact on the environment, in particular on the sea bot-
tom

Scope of interventions for priority Axis 4, esp ref (2)(b), 
(c), (d)

restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort; 

diversifying activities through the promotion of multi-
ple employment for fishers through the creation of jobs 
outside the fisheries sector

supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-
structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 
communities 

protecting the environment in fisheries areas to main-
tain its attractiveness, regenerating and developing 
coastal hamlets and villages with fisheries activities and 
protecting and enhancing the natural and architectural 
heritage

promoting inter-regional and trans-national coopera-
tion among groups in fisheries areas, mainly through 
networking and disseminating best practice 

acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-
plementation of the local development strategy..

participation in the sustainable development of fisher-
ies areas ‘local entities or groups’ representing public 
and private partners..

ERDF, ESF and Cohesion Fund

Cohesion  policy  has  the  core  objective  of  supporting 
real convergence and reduce socio-economic and terri-
torial disparities.. It does so by co-financing investments 
and other measures in the less developed countries, re-
gions and areas of the Union.. For the period 2007–13 
the  focus  will  be  on  the  renewed  Lisbon  agenda  and 
the categories of investment that are particularly con-
ducive  to  growth,  such  as  research  and  innovation, 
physical  infrastructure,  environmentally  friendly  tech-
nologies, human capital and knowledge.. The Commu-
nity  Strategic  Guidelines  (CSG)8..  Includes  nature  and 
species protection within the compliance with environ-
mental legislation..

8  COM(2005) 299 ‘Cohesion Policy in Support of Growth 

and Jobs: Community Strategic guidelines, 2007–13

18

Programming 

The ERDF is to operate according to a programming ap-
proach for the 2007–13 funding period.. In general, set-
ting  strategic  orientations  and  programming  for  the 
Structural and Cohesion Funds will take place in three 
steps; 1) European Council adopt the Community Stra-
tegic  Guidelines  on  Cohesion  proposed  by  the  Com-
mission  for  funding,  2)  Member  States  develop  na-
tional strategic reference frameworks (NSRF) that set 
out the strategy with thematic and territorial priorities, 
for contributing to the Community objectives, 3) Mem-
ber  States  prepare  operational  programmes  (OPs) 
that will define the concrete activities under the ERDF 
(as  well  as  under  the  ESF  and  Cohesion  Fund)  on  the 
Member State level.. NSRF and OPs will cover the period 
1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013.. Both are submit-
ted for the Commission’s approval..

Operational programmes will set out how the Member 
States  intend  to  operationalise  the  ERDF  funds..  They 
will therefore set the framework for implementing the 
policies  and  priorities  to  be  co-financed  by  the  Fund.. 
Activities  that  are  not  in  the  operational  programmes 
should therefore not be funded under the ERDF..

The new European territorial co-operation 

The new European territorial co-operation objective (laid down in 
Article 6 of ERDF regulation) is replacing the former Community Ini-
tiative INTERREG. This implies a more important status for territo-
rial cooperation, which is now at the same level as the convergence 
and  competitiveness  objectives.  The  current  territorial  co-opera-
tion objective of the 2007–13 Regional Funds has a share of 2.44% 
of total funding and consists of three strands:
6.1. cross-border (74% of the objective)
Consists of 65 different geographical programme areas and tackles 
local problems along land and maritime borders, also in the field of 
natural resource management, water basins etc. At least two coun-
tries shall act as beneficiaries, while one needs to be  a member 
state (Article 19 of the ERDF Regulation).
6.2. trans-national (21% of the objective)
Consists of a set of 13 different geographical programme areas and 
focuses on innovation, environment, water management risk pre-
vention, maritime safety, sustainable urban development etc. At 
least two countries shall act as beneficiaries, while one needs to be 
a member state (Article 19 of the ERDF Regulation).
6.3. interregional (5% of the objective)
This strand focuses on exchange of experience and best practice in 
the field of innovation, environment and risk prevention. There will 
be one programme for the whole EU and activities are part of the 
main  structural  funds  programme.  Here,  at  least  three  countries 
shall act as beneficiaries, while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19 of the ERDF Regulation).
There will be new programme monitoring and steering committees 
set up at relevant regional or interregional levels to supervise the 
implementation of these programmes. 
Regions eligible for funding under the ERDF Article 6 (European territorial 
cooperation):  http://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/graph/cartes_
en.htm 

Table 9: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The erdf

Action

Date

Community Strategic Guide-
lines on Cohesion established

Adopted 6 October 2006 (council 
Decision 2006/702/EC)

Member States prepare and 
submit NSRFs

Member State prepare and 
submit operational pro-
gramme proposals under 
ERDF

Commission might request 
Member State to revise the 
proposed programme

The Commission shall adopt 
each operational programme

ERDF operational pro-
grammes begin 

Member States present to 
the Commission a report on 
the progress in implementing 
NSRFs

Within five months following the 
adoption of the Community Stra-
tegic Guidelines (General Regula-
tion, Article 28..2)

Not later than five months follow-
ing the Commission’s decision on 
NSRF (General Regulation, Article 
32..3) eventually at the same time 
as the presentation of NSRF (Gen-
eral Regulation Article 28..2)

As soon as possible but not later 
than four months following the 
formal submission by the Mem-
ber State (General Regulation Ar-
ticle 32..5)

1 Jan 2007

The end of 2009 and 2012

Table 10: lisT of Key arTicles in The erdf 
regulaTion in relaTion To naTura 20009

Article

Text

Convergence objective

4 (2)

4 (4)

4 (5)

4 (6)

Information society, including development of devel-
opment of electronic communications infrastructure, 
local content, services and applications, improvement 
of secure access to and development of on-line public 
services, aid and services to SMEs to adopt and effec-
tively use information and communication technolo-
gies (ICTs) or to exploit new ideas

Environment, including investments connected with 
water supply and water and waste management; waste-
water treatment and air quality; prevention, control 
and fight against desertification; integrated pollution 
prevention and control; aid to mitigate the effects of 
climate change; rehabilitation of the physical envi-
ronment, including contaminated sites and land and 
brownfield redevelopment; promotion of biodiver-
sity and nature protection, including investments in 
Natura 2000 sites; aid to SMEs to promote sustainable 
production patterns through the introduction of cost-
effective environmental management systems and the 
adoption and use of pollution-prevention technologies

Prevention of risks, including development and imple-
mentation of plans to prevent and cope with natural 
and technological risks

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as po-
tential for the development of sustainable tourism, pro-
tection and enhancement of natural heritage in sup-
port of socio-economic development, aid to improve 
the supply of tourism services through new higher 
value-added services and to encourage new, more sus-
tainable patterns of tourism

9  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

19

Article

Text

Article

Text

6(1) end In addition, the ERDF may contribute to promoting le-
gal and administrative cooperation, the integration of 
cross-border labour markets, local employment initia-
tives, gender equality and equal opportunities, training 
and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources 
and facilities for R&TD..

6(2)b

6(2)d

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

8

10

Establishment and development of transnational coop-
eration, including bilateral cooperation between mari-
time regions not covered under point 6(1) , through 
the financing of networks and of actions conducive to 
integrated territorial development, concentrating pri-
marily on the following priority areas: environment: wa-
ter management, energy efficiency, risk prevention and 
environmental protection activities with a clear transna-
tional dimension.. Actions may include: protection and 
management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and 
flood prevention; the promotion of maritime security 
and protection against natural and technological risks; 
and protection and enhancement of the natural herit-
age in support of socio-economic development and 
sustainable tourism 

Establishment and development of transnational co-
operation, including bilateral cooperation between 
maritime regions not covered under point 6(1), through 
the financing of networks and of actions conducive to 
integrated territorial development, concentrating pri-
marily on the following priority areas: sustainable urban 
development: strengthening polycentric development 
at transnational, national and regional level, with a clear 
transnational impact.. Actions may include the creation 
and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural 
links; strategies to tackle common urban-rural issues; 
preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage, 
and the strategic integration of development zones on 
a transnational basis..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by 
promoting: interregional cooperation focusing on inno-
vation and the knowledge economy and environment 
and risk prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2).. 

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy 
by promoting: exchanges of experience concerning the 
identification, transfer and dissemination of best prac-
tice including on sustainable urban development as re-
ferred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy 
by promoting: actions involving studies, data collec-
tion, and the observation and analysis of development 
trends in the Community..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening eco-
nomic growth, the rehabilitation of the physical envi-
ronment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preser-
vation and development of the natural and cultural 
heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local em-
ployment and community development, and the pro-
vision of services to the population taking account of 
changing demographic structures..

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financ-
ing of investments aimed at improving accessibility, 
promoting and developing economic activities related 
to the cultural and natural heritage, promoting the sus-
tainable use of natural resources, and encouraging sus-
tainable stimulating the tourism.. 

Transport investments, including improvement of trans-
European networks and links to the TEN-T network; in-
tegrated strategies for clean transport which contribute 
to improving the access to and quality of passenger 
and goods services, to achieving a more balanced mo-
dal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to re-
ducing environmental impacts

Energy investments, including in improvement of trans-
European networks, which contribute to improving se-
curity of supply, the integration of environmental con-
siderations, the improvement of energy efficiency and 
the development of renewable energies

Education investments, including vocational training, 
which contribute to increasing the attractiveness and 
quality of life

Regional competitiveness and employment objective

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: 
stimulating investment for the rehabilitation of the 
physical environment, including contaminated, deserti-
fied and brownfield sites and land

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: pro-
moting the development of infrastructure linked to bio-
diversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where 
this contributes to sustainable economic development 
and/or diversification of rural areas

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: 
stimulating energy efficiency and renewable energy 
production and the development of efficient energy 
management system

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: de-
veloping plans and measures to prevent and cope with 
natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) 
and technological risks

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: pro-
tection and enhancement of the natural and cultural 
heritage in support of socio-economic development 
and the promotion of natural and cultural assets as po-
tential for the development of sustainable tourism

Access, outside major urban centres, to transport and 
telecommunication services of general economic inter-
est, and in particular: strengthening secondary trans-
port networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, 
regional railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal 
platforms, providing radial links to main railway lines 
and promoting regional and local inland waterways 
and short-sea shipping..

European territorial cooperation objective

Development of cross-border economic, social and en-
vironmental activities through joint strategies for sus-
tainable territorial development, and primarily: encour-
aging entrepreneurship, in particular, the development 
of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Development of cross-border economic, social and 
environmental activities through joint strategies for 
sustainable territorial development, and primarily: en-
couraging the protection and joint management of the 
natural and cultural resources, as well as the prevention 
of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and 
environmental activities through joint strategies for 
sustainable territorial development, and primarily: re-
ducing isolation through improved access to transport, 
information and communication networks and services, 
and cross-border water, waste and energy systems and 
facilities

Development of cross-border economic, social and 
environmental activities through joint strategies for 
sustainable territorial development: developing col-
laboration, capacity and joint use of infrastructures in 
particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism and 
education..

4 (8)

4(9)

4(10)

5(2)a

5(2)b

5(2)c

5(2)e

5(2)f

5(3)a

6(1)a

6(1)b

6(1)d

6(1)e

20

European Social Fund (ESF)

Council Regulation (EC) No 1083/2006 of 11 July 2006 
laying  down  general  provisions  on  the  European  Re-
gional  Development  Fund,  the  European  Social  Fund 
and the Cohesion Fund and repealing Regulation (EC) 
No 1260/1999; and

Regulation  (EC)  No  1081/2006  of  the  European  Par-
liament  and  of  the  Council  of  5  July  2006  on  the  Eu-
ropean  Social  Fund  and  repealing  Regulation  (EC)  No 
1784/1999

Objectives

The  ESF  shall  support  policies  and  priorities  aimed  to 
achieve  progress  towards  full  employment,  improve 
quality  and  productivity  at  work,  and  promote  social 
inclusion and cohesion (in the European Employment 
Strategy (EES)).. In particular, the ESF shall take into ac-
count the objectives of the Community in the fields of 
social  inclusion,  education  and  training  and  equality 
between  women  and  men.. The  ESF  focuses  its  assist-
ance on a number of thematic priorities that reflect the 
objectives  of  the  EU  Cohesion  Policy  (Article  3  of  ESF 
Regulation).. 

Programming 

The ESF is to operate according to a programming ap-
proach  for  the  2007–13  funding  period..  In  general, 
setting  strategic  orientations  and  programming  for 
the  Structural  and  Cohesion  Funds  will  take  place  in 
three  steps;  1)  European  Council  establishes  Commu-
nity  Strategic  Guidelines  on  Cohesion  for  funding, 
2) Member  States  develop  national  strategic  refer-
ence frameworks (NSRF) that set out the strategy for 
contributing to the Community objectives, 3) Member 
States prepare operational programmes that will de-
fine the concrete activities under the ESF (as well as un-
der the ERDF and Cohesion Fund) on the Member State 
level.. NSRF and operational programmes will cover the 
period 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013..

ESF  operational  programmes  will  reflect  strategic 
choices  and  priorities  therefore  the  scope  for  includ-
ing a detailed list of activities will be limited.. However, 
it  will  be  possible  to  include  environmental  priorities 
in the programmes, and these may relate to areas that 
could  support  implementation  of  Natura 2000  (eg  re-
form of a Member State’s administration related to en-
vironmental management)..

10  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

Table 11: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The esf 

Action

Date

Community Strategic Guidelines 
on Cohesion established

Adopted 6 October 2006 (coun-
cil Decision 2006/702/EC)

Member States prepare and 
submit NSRFs

Member State prepare and sub-
mit operational programme pro-
posals under ESF

Commission might request 
Member State to revise the pro-
posed programme

The Commission shall adopt 
each operational programme

Within five months following 
the adoption of the Commu-
nity Strategic Guidelines (Gen-
eral Regulation, Article 28..2)

Not later than five months fol-
lowing the Commission’s deci-
sion on NSRF (General Regula-
tion, Article 32..3) eventually at 
the same time as the presenta-
tion of NSRF (General Regula-
tion Article 28..2)..

As soon as possible but not 
later than four months follow-
ing the formal submission by 
the Member State (General 
Regulation Article 32..5)..

ESF operational programmes 
begin 

1 Jan 2007

Member States present to the 
Commission a report on the 
progress in implementing NSRFs

For the first time in 2008 and 
at the latest by 1 October each 
year

ESF operational programmes 
end

31 Dec 2013

Table 12: lisT of Key arTicles in The  
esf regulaTion in relaTion To naTura 200010

Article Text

Convergence and Regional competitiveness and em-
ployment objectives

3(1)a ii Design and dissemination of innovative and more pro-

3(2)b i

3(2)b ii

ductive forms of work organisation, including better 
health and safety at work, the identification of future oc-
cupational and skills requirements, and development of 
specific employment, training and support services, in-
cluding outplacement, for workers in the context of com-
pany and sector restructuring

Convergence objective

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency 
of public administrations and public services at national, 
regional and local level and, where relevant, of the social 
partners and non-governmental organisations, with a 
view to reforms, better regulation and good governance 
especially in the economic, employment, education, so-
cial, environmental and judicial fields, in particular by 
promoting: good policy and programme design, moni-
toring and evaluation, including through studies, statis-
tics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental 
coordination and dialogue between relevant public and 
private bodies..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency 
of public administrations and public services […]: capac-
ity building in the delivery of policies and programmes 
in the relevant fields, including with regard to the en-
forcement of legislation, especially through continuous 
managerial and staff training and specific support to key 
services, inspectorates and socio-economic actors in-
cluding social and environmental partners, relevant non-
governmental organisations and representative profes-
sional organisations

21

Cohesion Fund

Council Regulation (EC) No 1083/2006 of 11 July 2006 
laying  down  general  provisions  on  the  European  Re-
gional  Development  Fund,  the  European  Social  Fund 
and the Cohesion Fund and repealing Regulation (EC) 
No 1260/1999; and

Council Regulation (EC) No 1084/2006 of 11 July 2006 
establishing a Cohesion Fund and repealing Regulation 
(EC) No 1164/94

It is very unlikely that the Cohesion Fund will be used 
for direct funding of Natura 2000, however, there could 
be situations where Natura 2000 sites profit indirectly 
through projects funded by the Cohesion Fund..

Objectives

Assistance from the Cohesion Fund shall be given to: 

•	 Trans-European	transport	networks,	in	par-
ticular priority projects of European in-
terest (Decision No 1692/96/EC); 

•	 The	environment	within	the	priorities	assigned	to	
the Community environmental protection policy 
under the policy and action programme on the 
environment.. In this context, the Fund may also 
intervene in areas related to sustainable develop-
ment which clearly present environmental ben-
efits, namely energy efficiency and renewable 
energy and, in the transport sector outside the 
trans-European networks, rail, river and sea trans-
port, intermodal transport systems and their inter-
operability, management of road, sea and air traf-
fic, clean urban transport and public transport..

Programming 

The  Cohesion  Fund  is  to  operate  according  to  a  pro-
gramming  approach  for  the  2007–13  funding  period.. 
Member  States  programming  for  the  Structural  and 
Cohesion Funds will take place in two steps: 1) Member 
States  develop  national  strategic  reference  frame-
works (NSRF) that set out the strategy for sustainable 
growth for contributing to the Community objectives; 
2)  Member  States  prepare  operational  programmes 
(OPs)  that  will  define  a  coherent  set  of  priorities  to 
achieve  with  the  aid  from  a  Fund..  Each  priority  axis 
comprises a group of operations.. NSRF and operational 
programmes will cover the period 1 January 2007 to 31 
December 2013.. OPs are adopted by the EC..

Activities that are not included in the context of the pri-
ority axes cannot be co-funded.. 

22

Table 13: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The cohesion fund

Action

Date

Community Strategic Guide-
lines on Cohesion established

Adopted 6 October 2006 (council 
Decision 2006/702/EC)

Member States submit NSRFs Within five months following the 
adoption of the Community Stra-
tegic Guidelines (General Regula-
tion, Article 28..2)

Member State submit opera-
tional programme 

As soon as possible but not later 
than four months following the 
formal submission by the Mem-
ber State (General Regulation Ar-
ticle 32..5)..

Table 14: lisT of Key arTicles in The cohesion 
fund regulaTion in relaTion To naTura 200011

Article Text

2 (1)b

Assistance from the fun shall be given to actions in the 
following areas, ensuring an appropriate balance, and 
according to the investment and infrastructure needs 
specific to each Member state receiving assistance: envi-
ronment within the priorities assigned to the Community 
environmental protection policy under the policy and 
action programme on the environment, in this context 
also including areas related to sustainable development 
which clearly present environmental benefits, namely 
energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the 
transport sector outside the trans-European networks, 
rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport sys-
tems and their interoperability, management of road, sea 
and air traffic, clean urban transport and public transport..

11  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

Financing Instrument  
for the Environment (LIFE+)

LIFE+  will  consist  of  three  components:  LIFE+  Nature 
and Biodiversity, LIFE+ Environment Policy and Govern-
ance and LIFE+ Information and Communication..

Objectives

The specific objectives of LIFE+ Nature and Biodiversity 
are set out in Article 4(2):

•	

•	

•	

•	

to	contribute	to	the	implementation	of	Community	
policy and legislation on nature and biodiversity 
[…]; and to support the further development and 
implementation of the Natura 2000 network, in-
cluding coastal and marine habitats and species;
	to	contribute	to	the	consolidation	of	the	knowl-
edge base for the development, assessment, 
monitoring and evaluation of Community na-
ture and biodiversity policy and legislation;
to	support	the	design	and	implementation	of	pol-
icy approaches and instruments for the monitor-
ing and assessment of nature and biodiversity and 
the factors, pressures and responses that impact 
on them, in particular in relation to the achieve-
ment of the target of halting biodiversity loss 
within the Community by 2010 and the threat to 
nature and biodiversity posed by climate change;
to	provide	support	for	better	environmen-
tal governance, by broadening stakeholder in-
volvement, including that of NGOs , in consul-
tations on and the implementation of nature 
and biodiversity policy and legislation..’

Programming 

The LIFE+ Fund will operate according to a multi-annual 
programming approach managed by the Commission.. 
The  Commission  draws  up  multi-annual  strategic  pro-
grammes for 2007 to 2010 and 2011 to 2013.. These pro-
grammes shall define the principal objectives and pri-
ority areas of action for Community funding.. The work 
programme for the first multi-annual period 2007–10 is 
included as an annex to the Regulation (Annex II).. 

In addition to the multi-annual programmes, the Com-
mission is also to provide information on the indicative 
LIFE+ budget allocations between Member States, de-
termined  by  criteria  including  the  size  and  density  of 
their  populations,  and  their  share  of  sites  of  Commu-
nity  importance  under  the  Habitats  Directive..  These 
budget  allocations  will  be  calculated  for  the  multi-an-
nual periods 2007–10 and 2011–13.. 

Within  the  framework  of  the  multi-annual  strategic 
programmes,  the  Commission  publishes  annual  calls 
for  project  proposals..  Member  States  receive  and  col-
lect the individual proposals and put them forward to 
be  considered  by  the  Commission..  Finally,  the  Com-
mission  decides  which  projects  should  receive  fund-
ing from the annual LIFE+ budget.. When selecting the 
projects priority is given to projects making the great-
est contribution to EU-wide environmental objectives, 
including transnational projects..

As regards the national level input, the Member States 
may,  from  2008  onwards,  submit  a  statement  of  their 
national  annual  priorities  to  the  Commission  (accord-
ing to the priorities listed in Annex II).. It is to be noted 
that these annual priorities are different from any plans 
and programmes prepared under EAFRD, EFF and the 
Structural  and  Cohesion  Funds..  When  responding  to 
the Commission’s call, the Member States may also pro-
vide  written  comments  on  the  individual  project  pro-
posals highlighting how the proposal corresponds with 
the national annual priorities.. The Commission’s annual 
call for project proposals, and the final selection of suc-
cessful applications, is required to have regard to these 
national annual priorities.. 

Exclusion from eligibility: Article 9 of the LIFE+ Text 
provides: ‘This  Regulation  shall  not  finance  measures 
which fall within the eligibility criteria and main scope 
of,  or  receive  assistance  for  the  same  purpose  from, 
other Community financial instruments, including the 
European  Regional  Development  Fund,  the  European 
Social Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Agricul-
tural Fund for Rural Development, the Competitiveness 
and Innovation Framework Programme, the European 
Fisheries  Fund  and  the  seventh  Research  Framework 
Programme  for  research,  technological  development 
and  demonstration  activities..  The  beneficiaries  under 
this  Regulation  shall  provide  information  on  funding 
they  have  received  from  the  Community  budget  and 
on their ongoing applications for funding to the Com-
mission..  The  Commission  and  Member  States  shall 
take  steps  to  ensure  coordination  and  complementa-
rity  with  other  Community  instruments.. The  Commis-
sion  shall  report  on  these  matters  in  the  context  of 
the mid-term review and final evaluation provided for 
in Article 15’.. This means that LIFE+ should be used to 
fund activities when national implementation of other 
Community funds discussed in this handbook has not 
foreseen funding eligibility.. This handbook can provide 
assistance  for  checking  the  complementarity..  A  final 
decision can only be made on national or regional im-
plementation level..

23

Table 15: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The life+ fund

Action

Date

In  addition,  to  ensure  European  added  value  and  to 
avoid  financing  recurring  activities,  projects  shall  sat-
isfy at least one of the following criteria: 

Commission adopts the first 
multi-annual strategic pro-
gramme for 2007–2010

MS submit national annual 
priorities to the Commission 

Operation of LIFE+ Fund be-
gins, first call for proposals is-
sued by the Commission 

Calls for proposals issued by 
the Commission 

Adopted together with the Regu-
lation (Annex II) 

As soon as possible after the 
adoption of the multi-annual pro-
gramme, no later than the date 
specified later on by the Com-
mission (as according to Article 
14(2)(a)).. 
Note: No such priorities shall be 
submitted with respect to the 
annual call for proposals for the 
2007 budget..

Autumn 2007

Annually from 2007 onwards 

Key articles in the LIFE+  
Regulation in relation to Natura 200012

The  key  article  in  the  LIFE+  Regulation  in  relation  to 
Natura 2000  is  Article  3,  which  sets  out  the  eligibility 
criteria for measures and projects to be funded under 
the Regulation..

According  to  Article  3,  the  projects  financed  by  LIFE+ 
shall satisfy the following criteria:

•	 being	of	Community	interest	by	making	a	signifi-
cant contribution to the achievement of the gen-
eral objective of LIFE+ set out in Article 1(2); and
technically	and	financially	coherent,	fea-
sible and provide value for money..

•	

•	 being	best	practice	or	demonstration	projects	

for the implementation of Council Direc-
tive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild 
birds or Council Directive 92/43/EEC13; 

•	 being	innovative	or	demonstration	projects,	relat-
ing to Community environmental objectives, in-
cluding the development or dissemination of best 
practice techniques, know-how or technologies; 

•	 being	awareness-raising	campaigns	and	
special training for agents involved in for-
est fire prevention interventions; or

•	 being	projects	for	the	development	and	im-

plementation of Community objectives relat-
ing to the broad-based, harmonised, com-
prehensive and long-term monitoring of 
forests and environmental interactions..’

Also, more detailed information on possible measures 
eligible for funding is given in Annex I of the Regulation.. 
The point (j) of this Annex lists specific measures that 
are envisaged to be financed by the Nature and Biodi-
versity component of LIFE+.. These include: 

•	 site	and	species	management	and	site	plan-
ning, including the improvement of the eco-
logical coherence of Natura 2000 network; 

•	 monitoring	of	conservation	status,	including	setting	
up procedures and structures for such monitoring;

•	 development	and	implementation	of	 

•	

•	

species and habitat conservation action plans; 
the	extension	of	the	Natura	2000	 
network in marine areas; and 
the	purchase	of	land	(with	a	number	of	re-
stricting principles listed in the Annex)..

In addition, Article 9, which sets out the limits to eligi-
bility, is very important (discussed above)..

12  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

13  The EU Birds and Habitats Directives, respectively..

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

24

Table 16: Key daTes in The  
implemenTaTion process for The research fp7

Action

FP7 launched 

First calls for proposals under 
FP7 and first FP7 projects to be 
launched

Date

early 2007

From beginning of 2007

Continuing calls for proposals and 
carrying out projects under FP7

2007–13

End of FP7

2013

Table 17: lisT of Key arTicles in The  
research fp7 in relaTion To naTura 200015

Article Text

2(1)(i) f Cooperation: supporting the whole range of research ac-

tions carried out in transnational cooperation in the fol-
lowing thematic areas: Environment (including Climate 
Change)

2(1)(i) g Cooperation: supporting the whole range of research ac-

tions carried out in transnational cooperation in the fol-
lowing thematic areas: transport (eg Aeronautics) 

The Capacity programme may also be relevant eg for infrastruc-
ture (Article 2(iv)).. The themes on Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, 
and Biotechnology,may be of relevance to the cooperation pro-
gramme (Article 2(1)(i)b)..

7th Research Framework Programme (FP7)

Decision No 1982/2006/EC of the European Parliament 
and  of  the  Council  of  18  December  2006  concerning 
the  Seventh  Framework  Programme  of  the  European 
Community  for  research,  technological  development 
and demonstration activities (2007–13)

Objectives

The 7th Research Framework Programme (FP7) sets out 
the  Community  priorities  and  activities  in  the  area  of 
research and technological development for the period 
from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013.. The FP7 ob-
jectives are particularly aimed at supporting the aims 
of  the  Lisbon  agenda  through  Community  funded  re-
search activities.. 

Among  another  things,  the  FP7  will  support  transna-
tional research in a range of thematic areas, eg the en-
vironment (Article 2 of the Decision).. The key environ-
mental themes under FP7 are 1) prediction of climate, 
ecological, earth and ocean systems changes, 2) tools 
and technologies for monitoring, prevention and miti-
gation of environmental pressures and risks including 
on health, and 3) tools and technologies for the sustain-
ability of the natural and man made environment..

Programming

FP7 will cover the period 1 January 2007 to 31 Decem-
ber 2013.. Individual project proposal under FP7 are trig-
gered by call inviting researchers to submit project pro-
posals for a specific area of the Framework Programme.. 
Calls  will  published  in  the  Official  Journal  of  the  Euro-
pean Union and more information can be found on the 
Europa and Cordis websites14..

14  See: http://europa..eu..int/comm/research/future/ 

15  NB: this Guidance Handbook should not be used to replace 

index_en..cfm and http://www..cordis..lu/fp7/

reference to the actual published Regulations, which contain 

the final legal text governing the operation of the Funds.

25

26

ý
k
s
n
á
r
t
S

..

M
©

 
 
FUNDING OPTIONS  
FOR NATURA 2000  
MANAGEMENT  
ACTIVITIES

Described  below  are  several  hypothetical  large-scale 
conservation  projects  where  Community  funds  could 
be  used  to  assist  in  various  aspects  of  management.. 
The specific measures discussed in the examples are in-
cluded in the tables that follow.. By identifying the ways 
in  which  these  examples  could  receive  funding,  it  is 

hoped that actors involved in conservation projects in 
Europe  will  recognise  the  diverse  opportunities  avail-
able  through  the  new  integrated  funding  approach, 
but also the need to actively seek funds from a diverse 
range of sources..

27

Example 1: 

Conservation of bears in Natura 2000 sites

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is the most widespread bear in the world.. Brown bears have a massive head with a 
short nose, rounded inconspicuous ears, small eyes, short tail, and a heavily built body with a prominent shoulder 
hump.. Bears have a low reproductive rate and are vulnerable to human-related mortality.. They are omnivores, and 
require large habitats, making them vulnerable to changes in land use.. The best bear habitat has already disappeared 
in Europe through logging and forest clearance.. Key bear areas and corridors need to be sufficiently managed and 
protected.. But not only the presence of existing habitats is important for the survival of the brown bear.. The accept-
ance and adaptive management of the brown bear is a crucial point for the future of this species.. Public awareness 
and education is needed to inform people in bear areas about bear behaviour and ecology.. Farmers need to be en-
couraged to use traditional livestock guarding techniques to reduce conflict arising from livestock depredation..

Activities that could be required for “Conservation of bears in Natura 2000 sites” [activity number refers to 
number of relevant sheet in the following tables]:

•.	 Training for staff involved in bear conservation [activities 3, 21] 
•.	 Site restoration, improvement of habitat for bears  

(eg planting of traditional food plants such as fruit trees) [activities 13, 15]

Intensive public relation work to gain acceptance for bears [activity 20] 

•.	 Long-term monitoring of individual bears [activities 17, 19]
•.	 Census of bear population [activity 2]
•.	 Education of wider population [activities 20, 21]
•.	 Development and sale of bear-friendly products [activities 15, 16]
•.	 Networking with bear project in neighbouring region [activity 20]
•.	 Mitigation of infrastructure barriers on bear corridors (green bridges, underpasses) [activity 13]
•.	
•.	 Evaluation of public relation work [activity 20]
•.	 Lobbying and information towards interest groups involved [activity 20]
•.	 Development and/or updating management plans with the involvement of stakeholders [activities 5, 8]
•.	 Damage prevention measures (electric fences, guard dogs) [activities 15, 24]
•.	 Creation of bear-friendly buffer zone around site (on agricultural land) [activities 15, 16]
•.	 Construction and maintenance of education trails/paths inside site [activities 22, 25]
•.	 Construction of visitor infrastructure (visitors centre) [activity 25]
•.	 Construction of species-related infrastructure (holding pens for rehabilitation) [activity 24]
•.	 Risk prevention in area (forest fire measures) [activity 18]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables that follow..

Ursus arctos, brown bear.. 
© WWF-Canon/Michel Gunther

28

 
 
Example 2: 

Livelihood from forestry and agriculture in Natura 2000 sites

The “Livelihood” estate is composed of several agricultural fields located on one side of a river, a beech forest with 
some coniferous patches, and a humid area with water springs.. The original planting pattern of the forest was of 
even aged trees and served a classical production structure.. Some parcels have been progressively altered in or-
der to convert the plantation into a multi-storey forest.. Other parcels follow a dedicated quality wood production.. 
Parts of the forest residues are used for energy production.. One of the parcels is located in a humid area com-
posed of many springs.. The previous coniferous plantation has been completely harvested and the drains have 
been filled-in by using harvested residues in order to restore the initial moisture level.. The silvicultural option cho-
sen is natural regeneration and where it is not growing quickly enough, adapted forest species can be planted to 
fill the gaps.. The flora and fauna can re-generate itself and the semi-natural habitat can recover.. This type of man-
agement is considered to be sustainable and it allows an increase in biodiversity on all parcels and for the forest to 
remain profitable.. The agricultural fields are harvested annually.. Some are dedicated to food production and oth-
ers are pasture dedicated to fodder production.. The management of these fields respects the agri-environmental 
measures and includes a beetle bank..

Activities that could be required for “Livelihood from forestry and agriculture in Natura 2000 sites” [activ-
ity number refers to number of relevant sheet in following tables]:

Forestry
•.	 Site adapted planting using different tree species to create a multi-storey forest structure [activity 12] 
•.	 Preservation of old and dead trees [activity 12]
•.	 Control of alien species which could damage habitats [activity 14]
•.	 Mixing the species (genetic diversification) [activity 12]
•.	 Variable spacing between newly planted trees [activity 12]
•.	 Removal of drains in zones with springs [activity 12]
•.	 Monitoring the sanitary/vitality status of the plots [activity 14]
•.	 Staff training programme [activity 21]
•.	 Development of infrastructure (creation of access paths, use of fences to protect against game etc) [activity 25]
Agriculture 
•.	 Creation of buffer zones around fields [activity 12]
•.	 Delay grass harvesting remove all the grass cuttings [activity 12]
•.	 Rotation of grazed and cut areas during the year [activity 12]
•.	 Preservation of hedgerow pattern also to provide shelter the cattle [activity 12]
Information and communication
•.	 Communication and information campaign addressed to the public  

and to schools in collaboration with research centres [activities 20, 21] 
Installation of signs and notice boards [activity 22]

•.	
•.	 Creation of the infrastructure for public use (examples: display room with local products, fences, etc) [activity 22]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables that follow..

Wachau landscape.. 
© Josef Pennerstorfer

29

 
 
Example 3: 

Sustainable river management including  
otter habitat conservation with tourism activities in Natura 2000 sites

The Blueriver is one of the most beautiful rivers of Europe.. Parts of the river are designated as Natura 2000 sites be-
cause they hold habitats and species listed in the Habitats Directive.. For example, there is an otter habitat as well 
as locusts on the gravel bar and many dragonflies live in the tarns which are connected with the river.. Children 
like to play alongside this river because there are a lot of things which can be discovered.. Tourism is increasing 
because the region is rich in nature and offers a lot of opportunity for nature activities like hiking, bicycling, raft-
ing and animal observation (otter) etc.. Due to dams which have been constructed in the upper part of the river 
the flowing of the river has been accelerated and therefore the river has deepened continuously.. This has caused 
problems for the important habitats connected with the river.. Many tarns have become dry and the river is flowing 
fast with less branches than before.. This has also increased visitor pressure on the last remaining natural habitats.. 
The river basin includes territory in two different Member States..

Activities that could be required for “Sustainable river management including otter habitat conservation with 
tourism activities in Natura 2000 sites”: [activity number refers to relevant sheet in the following tables]

Installation of fish ladder [activity 24]

•.	 Education of the local population to increase acceptance for river restoration [activity 20]
•.	 Deconstruction/removal of dams [activity 12]
•.	 Purchase of land for river restoration [activity 23]
•.	
•.	 Construction of a visitor centre [activity 25]
•.	
•.	 Production of a leaflet for tourists [activities 3, 20]
Installation of a bicycle trail alongside the river [activity 22]
•.	
•.	 Monitoring of the dragonfly and locust populations [activity 17]
•.	 Release of endemic crayfishes [activity 13]
•.	 Promotion of deadwood in the alluvial forest [activity 12]

Installation of a barbecue place close to the river for tourists (to minimise risk of illegal fires) [activity 22]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables..

Lutra lutra, common otter.. 
© WWF-Canon/Sanchez & Lope

30

 
 
Example 4: 

Harbour porpoise conservation project

The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is one of the world’s smallest cetaceans, growing to an average length 
of 1,55 meters and a mass of 55 kilograms.. Harbour porpoises generally inhabit coastal waters, and their common 
name is derived from their regular appearance in bays, estuaries and harbours.. Porpoise populations throughout 
their ranges are threatened by incidental mortality in fisheries.. Chemical and noise pollution as well as boat traffic 
and lack of food may also threaten this species.. More knowledge is needed about key areas for harbour porpoises 
and identified sites need to be sufficiently managed and protected.. Fishermen need to be encouraged to develop 
and use fishing gears that minimise porpoise bycatch.. Active means of alerting porpoises to the presence of a net 
and keeping them away from it is important, eg by developing acoustic deterrents (pingers).. 

Activities that could be required for “Harbour porpoise conservation project”: [activity number refers to 
relevant sheet in the following tables]:

Identification and designation of important areas for harbour porpoise [activity 2]

•.	
•.	 Research on distribution and behaviour of harbour porpoises [activity 13]
•.	 Long-term monitoring of harbour porpoises [activity 17]
•.	 Develop and use fishing gears that minimise bycatch (fishermen and scientists) [activities 4, 13]
•.	
•.	 Trials in protection and management of food sources for harbour porpoises  

Improvement of water quality eg pollution control [activity 12]

eg fish and cephalopods [activity 12]

•.	 Training for staff to be involved in harbour porpoise conservation [activities 13, 21]
•.	 Networking with harbour porpoise project in neighbouring region [activity 7] 
•.	 Education and information to stakeholders eg fishermen, coastguard [activities 3, 20]
•.	
•.	 Construction of visitor centre [activity 25]

Information to wider public to increase public awareness about harbour porpoise [activities 3, 20]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables..

Phocoena phocoena,  
Harbour Porpoise.. 
© WWF/Bernd Lammel

31

 
 
Example 5: 

Management of dry grasslands in Natura 2000 sites

“Richness of flowers” – is the slogan which is used for the hilly Natura 2000 site Flowerhill.. The farmers manage the 
land in a traditional and sustainable way.. The major part of the grassland is very dry and unproductive.. Parts of it 
are cut only once a year.. In some parts of the grassland, goats are used for grazing.. The milk of the goats is good 
because of the high quality of grassland, however, there is not enough local demand to sell it all.. Several years ago 
some farmers decided to plant trees in the more humid part of the site.. Some did not grow very well, but some 
plantations of native species grew very well and the farmers are using this wood to produce firewood and tim-
ber.. It is difficult to convince young farmers to continue with this traditional agriculture and forest management.. 
Some of them would like to cultivate wine grapes and some of them have already quit farming.. Some farmers are 
only working part-time so some parts of the dry grassland are not being managed.. Bushes and trees are growing 
in these areas.. Some rare butterflies which need these dry habitats without trees and bushes have nearly disap-
peared from the area..

Activities that could be required for activities mentioned in ”Management of dry grassland in Natura 2000 
sites”: [activity number refers to relevant sheet in the following tables]:

Installation of a wooden fence for the dry grassland [activity 12]
Incentive for cutting the non grazed parts of the grassland with a motor mower once a year [activity 13]

•.	 Developing a management plan for the dry grassland [activity 5]
•.	 Purchase of goats for grazing [activity 13]
•.	 Construction of a common stable for the goats [activity 12]
•.	
•.	
•.	 Purchase of a motor mower for the farmers [activity 12]
•.	 Cutting of the bushes which grew up in the non managed dry grassland [activity 12]
•.	
•.	 Development of some small infrastructure (driveways) in the forest and grassland [activity 10]
•.	 Organisation of a conference on “management of dry grassland” [activity 7]
•.	 Development of a logo and slogan for the local farmers products (e..g.. milk) [activity 20]
•.	 Communication training for the Natura 2000 site manager [activity 21]
•.	

Installation of an exhibition place of the local products in the parish hall [activity 20] 

Incentive for a sustainable management of the native forests [activity 13]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables..

Abandoned farmland  
in the mediterranean.. 
© S.. Simis

32

 
 
Example 6: 

River management with agriculture,  
aquaculture and tourism activities in Natura 2000 sites

A river flows through a valley in a countryside that is composed of rich agricultural fields, orchards, coniferous and 
broad-leaved trees, fish farms and tourist areas.. A city which is located on the border of the river dumps a part of 
its untreated water into the river.. Water recycling projects are underway.. Stepping stones, small special areas of 
the river used by aquatic migratory species, have been designated at intervals of approximately 20 km along the 
river.. Industrial and rural activities near these areas are regulated, and public access is limited.. The stepping stones 
are designated in sensitive areas which are used by protected species (feeding, resting and breeding sites).. Spe-
cific fauna and flora of the river and the riverbanks are monitored in collaboration with research centres, fishing, 
boating, and landowners’ organisations.. In order to avoid erosion and its impact on the river’s quality, managers of 
adjacent lands are planting trees and hedges.. Part of the river includes ponds for fish farming.. 

Activities that could be required for activities mentioned in ”River management with agriculture, aquacul-
ture and tourism acitivites in Natura 2000 sites”: [activity number refers to relevant sheet in the following 
tables]:

•.	 Urban planning, waste water recycling project [activities 12, 25]
•.	 Management and monitoring of the stepping stones [activities 12, 13, 14]
•.	 Management and monitoring of the fauna and flora of the river [activities 12, 13, 14]
•.	 Establishment of river contracts with owners of the areas next to the river [activity 12]
•.	 Construction of fences protecting banks, notably near the stepping stone areas [activity 12]
•.	 Staff training on environmental management of the fish farm and river [activity 20]
•.	 Education of the local population and collaboration with educational institutions [activities 3, 21]
•.	 Town meetings, conferences with stakeholders [activity 20]
•.	
•.	 Alert system in case of diseases or water related problems [activity 17]
•.	 Development of fishing/nature package holiday [activity 20]
Infrastructure for tourists (eg jetties, pathways) [activity 22]
•.	

Infrastructure for fishing and boating including facilities for the disabled [activity 22]

Measures related to this project are marked

in the tables..

Oxbows at Notec River in Poland.. 
© M.. Czasnoić

33

 
 
acTiviTy 1: adminisTraTion of selecTion process

Fund

Description

Target Groups

Land types

Area restrictions Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD  

Unlikely to be applicable..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable

LIFE+

3

FP7

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Not generally eligible, as should 
be complete by date of acces-
sion – exception for marine sites..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Fund

ERDF

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Important notes for the column of FUNDS

ERDF

Financing is targeted for productive investment (e..g.. infrastructure)..  
Therefore, activities related to Natura 2000/Natura sites need to be integrated  
in a broader development context..

ERDF

Art.6

Regions eligible for funding under the ERDF Article 6  
(European territorial cooperation), for legal basis see the General Regulation Article 7  
(Reg EC 1083/2006): http://ec..europa..eu/regional_policy/sources/graph/cartes_en..htm 

CF

Activities related to Natura 2000/Natura sites need to be often  
integrated in a broader development context..

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 2: scienTific sTudies/invenTories for siTe idenTificaTion

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions Notes/other restrictions Examples

All possible..

Measure not 
specific to 
land type..

EAFRD

52(d)

Skills-acqui-
sition and 
animation 
measure with 
a view to pre-
paring and im-
plementing a 
local develop-
ment strategy..

Refer to Art.. 59..
The support referred to  
in Article 52(d) shall 
cover: (a) studies of  
the area concerned;  
(b) measures to provide 
information about the 
area and the local  
development strategy…

63

Leader..

All possible 
(within rural 
areas)..

All selected 
rural areas..

None..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

In the framework of a local de-
velopment strategy, at the level 
of the Local Action Group, pub-
lic/private partnership could be 
used to carry out research on site 
inventories, could include species 
census, allowing local skills de-
velopment, and facilitating future 
eco-tourism opportunities  
for the area concerned..

EFF

37 (j)

LIFE+

3

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

Fishermen,  
others..

None..

Coastal, ma-
rine, inland 
waters, wet-
lands..

Promote 
partnerships 
between sci-
entists and 
operators in 
the fisheries 
sector..

Art 37: Collective actions: 
must be implemented 
with the active support 
of operators themselves 
or by organisations act-
ing on behalf of produc-
ers or other organisations 
recognised by the Mem-
ber State…

A partnership between fish-
ers and scientists could be used 
to carry out surveys on marine 
wildlife.. Data collected by fishers 
could be used as part of condition 
assessment.. Fisheries data could 
be included in site inventory in-
formation..

Eligibility cri-
teria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

All possible..

All possible..

Transnational co-
operation..

Objectives 
and Activities: 
Environment 
(including Cli-
mate Change)..

Not generally eligible, as 
should be complete by 
date of accession – ex-
ception for marine sites..

Context: research –  
refer to Annex 1 for more 
detail on Environment 
theme..

Could fund a cross-border  
study comparing similar sites.. 
Information collected could be 
used to identify priority sites.. 
Study could develop an improved 
method for site identification  
(eg in accession states)..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 3: preparaTion of iniTial informaTion and publiciTy maTerial

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

vocational training and information actions, including 
diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-
tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 
forestry sectors..

Farmers, foresters..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 

Production of training materials for Farmers.. and foresters, describing  

which form part of normal programmes or 

bear-friendly farming and forestry methods..

systems of agricultural and forestry education 

at secondary or higher levels..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

52(c)

Training and information measure for economic actors 
operating in the fields covered by axis 3..

All possible

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

None.. 

None..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

Must be within a specific de-
limited sub-regional rural ter-
ritory, as defined by a local 
development strategy..

EFF

27(1)(a)

27(1)(c)

The diversification of activities with a view  
to promoting multiple jobs for fishers..

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside  
sea fishing..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

None..

None..

44(1)(b)

44(1)(c)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort..

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-
plementation of the local development strategy..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Art 58..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Art 59..

None..

None..

Production of initial series of site ‘brochures’ aimed at nature tourists,  

highlighting individual Natura sites, or the national or regional network..

Training courses for private tour guides to increase knowledge and awareness  

about protected areas as well as information for private farm holiday operators..

Prepare exhibitions about natural heritage and traditional land use linked to Natura 2000 sites

Vocational training for protected area managers about natural values of cultural landscape/ 

traditional forms of land use.. 

Production of training materials on the benefits of Natura 2000, potential impacts  

of Natura on local development – could involve both staff responsible for local development 

strategy and a regional or wider network of actors involved in local development  

public-private partnerships..

for Natura interests alongside social and economic ones, in order to promote appropriate 

Leader projects that produce material for capacity building in rural areas,  

e..g..  the development of eco-tourism opportunities.. 

Provision of information to facilitate development of marine and coastal eco-tourism,  

eg training of fishers in identification of distinctive local species..

Production of training information in relation to marine sites and species in order to facilitate 

the development of eco-tourism operations in the area; training schemes to support  

exit from the industry by fishers affected by Natura 2000..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

The development of area based local development strategies that account  

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Developing new training information for fishers in relation to fishing methods  

mented with the active support of operators 

that are compatible with nature management at Natura 2000 sites,  

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

eg low impact or alternative gear..

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Providing training and information materials relating to the possible contribution  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

of Natura 2000 to economic activities in the marine and coastal context –  

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

organise seminar for fishers interested in diversification  

into eco-tourism activities..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Production of training materials on the benefits of Natura 2000 (in marine and coastal context), 

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

potential impacts of Natura on local development – could involve development of a regional 

or wider network of actors involved in local development..

LIFE+

3

FP7

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Not generally eligible, as should be complete by date  

of accession – exception for marine sites..

Unlikely to be applicable..

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 3: preparaTion of iniTial informaTion and publiciTy maTerial

Fund

Description

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

vocational training and information actions, including 

Farmers, foresters..

diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-

tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 

forestry sectors..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

52(c)

Training and information measure for economic actors 

All possible

operating in the fields covered by axis 3..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

None.. 

None..

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

27(1)(a)

The diversification of activities with a view  

Fishermen..

to promoting multiple jobs for fishers..

27(1)(c)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside  

Fishermen..

sea fishing..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

None..

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-

None..

methods and tools..

cific to land type..

44(1)(b)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

plementation of the local development strategy..

SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

strategy..

63

Leader..

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 
which form part of normal programmes or 
systems of agricultural and forestry education 
at secondary or higher levels..

Production of training materials for Farmers.. and foresters, describing  
bear-friendly farming and forestry methods..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Art 58..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Art 59..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

Must be within a specific de-

Refer to Arts 61–65..

rural areas)..

areas..

limited sub-regional rural ter-

ritory, as defined by a local 

development strategy..

Production of initial series of site ‘brochures’ aimed at nature tourists,  
highlighting individual Natura sites, or the national or regional network..

Training courses for private tour guides to increase knowledge and awareness  
about protected areas as well as information for private farm holiday operators..

Prepare exhibitions about natural heritage and traditional land use linked to Natura 2000 sites
Vocational training for protected area managers about natural values of cultural landscape/ 
traditional forms of land use.. 

Production of training materials on the benefits of Natura 2000, potential impacts  
of Natura on local development – could involve both staff responsible for local development 
strategy and a regional or wider network of actors involved in local development  
public-private partnerships..

The development of area based local development strategies that account  
for Natura interests alongside social and economic ones, in order to promote appropriate 
Leader projects that produce material for capacity building in rural areas,  
e..g..  the development of eco-tourism opportunities.. 

None..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Provision of information to facilitate development of marine and coastal eco-tourism,  
eg training of fishers in identification of distinctive local species..

Production of training information in relation to marine sites and species in order to facilitate 
the development of eco-tourism operations in the area; training schemes to support  
exit from the industry by fishers affected by Natura 2000..

Developing new training information for fishers in relation to fishing methods  
that are compatible with nature management at Natura 2000 sites,  
eg low impact or alternative gear..

Providing training and information materials relating to the possible contribution  
of Natura 2000 to economic activities in the marine and coastal context –  
organise seminar for fishers interested in diversification  
into eco-tourism activities..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Production of training materials on the benefits of Natura 2000 (in marine and coastal context), 
potential impacts of Natura on local development – could involve development of a regional 
or wider network of actors involved in local development..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Not generally eligible, as should be complete by date  
of accession – exception for marine sites..

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(6)

4(10)

5(2)f

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-
tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-
cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 
higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: economic diversification/modernisa-

Within broader (for example) eco-tourism project, could fund development  

tion (eg capacity building)..

of initial publicity material..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Could fund development of information resources for tourists, eg, brochures, maps..

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-
tractiveness and quality of life..

Convergence objective regions..

Production of educational materials relating to Natura 2000 sites, to be used  

in local schools as part of a larger educational initiative.. 

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 
natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-
motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 
tourism..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective..

Context: natural/cultural heritage, tourism..

Preparation if information and publicity material when Natura 2000 site(s) form an integral 

part of the area’s cultural heritage (eg in the context of promoting sustainable tourism)..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Sustainable urban development in the context of transnational cooperation: strength-
ening polycentric development at transnational, national and regional level, with a clear 
transnational impact.. Actions may include the creation and improvement of urban net-
works and urban-rural links; strategies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preserva-
tion and promotion of the cultural heritage, and the strategic integration of develop-
ment zones on a transnational basis..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-
eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 
prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-
rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-
ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 
studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 
Community..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1)).. 

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while two need to be member states (Ar-
ticle 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while two need to be member states (Ar-
ticle 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while two need to be member states (Ar-
ticle 19(2))..

Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

For cross-border projects, could fund production of information on broader network  

of Natura sites for tourism, sale of Natura-related products etc.. Alternatively,  

could fund production of information aiming at promoting the protection  

of cross-border natural resources, eg Natura 2000.. 

Context: developing employment initiatives 

and training..

For transnational cooperation projects where Natura 2000 plays an integral role,  

could include information relating to sustainable river-basin management,  

coastal zones and/or wetlands as these are particularly  

relevant to transnational management..

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

In the context of transnational cooperation, could provide information  

on how to minimise the anthropogenic pressures on/improve  

the management of Natura 2000 areas close to urban centres.. 

Could fund interregional projects where Natura 2000 forms an integral part  

of the broader interregional cooperation on environment and risk prevention..

Could provide opportunities to produce material in relation to capacity-building  

and networking for authorities – sharing experience, providing mentoring  

from ‘old’ states to ‘new’ states, developing networks for regional site management..

Increasing adaptability of workers and enterprise, eg development of specific employ-
ment, training and support services, including outplacement, for workers in the context 
of company and sector restructuring..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..
Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Convergence objective regions..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: Job creation (eg in case of sector  

Could use in context of job creation projects to develop educational materials  

restructuring)..

for people moving into work in Natura sites, or in related enterprises..

Could be opportunities to produce material in relation to capacity-building  

and networking for authorities – sharing experience, providing mentoring  

from ‘old’ states to ‘new’ states, developing networks for regional site management..  

Opportunities at high strategic level, and operational level..

6(1)b

6(2)b

6(2)d

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

ESF

3(1)aii

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

38

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
Description

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-

cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 

higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

4(10)

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-

Convergence objective regions..

tractiveness and quality of life..

natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-

ment objective..

motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 

tourism..

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

ening polycentric development at transnational, national and regional level, with a clear 

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

transnational impact.. Actions may include the creation and improvement of urban net-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

works and urban-rural links; strategies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preserva-

while one needs to be a member state 

tion and promotion of the cultural heritage, and the strategic integration of develop-

(Article 19(1)).. 

ment zones on a transnational basis..

6(3)a

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-

European territorial cooperation objec-

eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while two need to be member states (Ar-

ticle 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while two need to be member states (Ar-

ticle 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while two need to be member states (Ar-

ticle 19(2))..

6(3)c

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 

European territorial cooperation objec-

studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

Community..

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

3(1)aii

Increasing adaptability of workers and enterprise, eg development of specific employ-

ment, training and support services, including outplacement, for workers in the context 

of company and sector restructuring..

3(2)bi

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

4(6)

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Could fund development of information resources for tourists, eg, brochures, maps..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: economic diversification/modernisa-
tion (eg capacity building)..

Within broader (for example) eco-tourism project, could fund development  
of initial publicity material..

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

Context: natural/cultural heritage, tourism..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Context: developing employment initiatives 
and training..

6(2)d

Sustainable urban development in the context of transnational cooperation: strength-

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Production of educational materials relating to Natura 2000 sites, to be used  
in local schools as part of a larger educational initiative.. 

Preparation if information and publicity material when Natura 2000 site(s) form an integral 
part of the area’s cultural heritage (eg in the context of promoting sustainable tourism)..

For cross-border projects, could fund production of information on broader network  
of Natura sites for tourism, sale of Natura-related products etc.. Alternatively,  
could fund production of information aiming at promoting the protection  
of cross-border natural resources, eg Natura 2000.. 

For transnational cooperation projects where Natura 2000 plays an integral role,  
could include information relating to sustainable river-basin management,  
coastal zones and/or wetlands as these are particularly  
relevant to transnational management..

In the context of transnational cooperation, could provide information  
on how to minimise the anthropogenic pressures on/improve  
the management of Natura 2000 areas close to urban centres.. 

Could fund interregional projects where Natura 2000 forms an integral part  
of the broader interregional cooperation on environment and risk prevention..

6(3)b

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-

European territorial cooperation objec-

rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Could provide opportunities to produce material in relation to capacity-building  
and networking for authorities – sharing experience, providing mentoring  
from ‘old’ states to ‘new’ states, developing networks for regional site management..

Context: Job creation (eg in case of sector  
restructuring)..

Could use in context of job creation projects to develop educational materials  
for people moving into work in Natura sites, or in related enterprises..

Could be opportunities to produce material in relation to capacity-building  
and networking for authorities – sharing experience, providing mentoring  
from ‘old’ states to ‘new’ states, developing networks for regional site management..  
Opportunities at high strategic level, and operational level..

39

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
acTiviTy 4: piloT proJecTs

Fund

Description

EAFRD

63

Leader..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

27(1) (a)

27(1) (c)

37(a)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-
ing multiple jobs for fishers..

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-
ing..

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-
servation of resources..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

None..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

None..

None..

Pilot community involvement in nature management, education scheme,  

scheme to increase tourism or to develop areas surrounding Natura site..  

Must be integrated into local development strategy.. 

Pilot scheme to encourage development of eco-tourism led by fishers,  

including some retraining in customer service and small business management,  

and leading to reduction of fishing effort and more sustainable resource use..

37(b)

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and reduc-
tion of by-catches..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Pilot of new nature-friendly fishing gears to assess impact on bycatch  

mented with the active support of operators 

and suitability for use within Natura 2000 sites..

37(c)

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 
combat ghost fishing..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Pilot project to investigate feasibility of gear removal from certain Natura 2000 sites..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Pilot nature-friendly aquaculture techniques..

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Pilot training scheme for fishers on Natura 2000 sites, benefits for communities,  

mented with the active support of operators 

and including tourism opportunities..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Pilot a scheme to aid cooperation between scientists and fishers, eg promoting  

mented with the active support of operators 

data collection and analysis projects that could benefit the community  

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

and Natura 2000 site management..

EFF

41(2) (b)

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on man-
agement plans and fishing effort allocation plans, in-
cluding, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 
zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 
consequences and experimental restocking..

Fishermen, others.., 
SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

41(2) (c)

Pilot projects: to develop and test methods to improve 
gear selectivity, reduce by-catches, discards or the im-
pact on the environment, in particular on the sea bot-
tom..

Fishermen, others.., 
SMEs

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an 

Project to assess fish stock levels inside and outside Natura site under  

economic operator, a recognised trade asso-

different management regimes..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an 

Pilot of new nature-friendly fishing gears to assess impact on bycatch  

economic operator, a recognised trade asso-

and suitability for use within Natura 2000 sites..

44(1) (c) Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

ref Arts 43(3),(4)

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Pilot scheme to encourage development of eco-tourism led by fishers, including some retrain-

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

ing in customer service and small business management, and/or Natura site management..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

ciation or any other competent body desig-

nated for that purpose by the Member State, 

in partnership with a scientific or technical 

body..

body..

ciation or any other competent body desig-

nated for that purpose by the Member State, 

in partnership with a scientific or technical 

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

2(1)(i) g

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 
conservation and sustainable management of natural 
and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-
ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 
(eg environmental restoration)..
Theme: transport (eg greening of air and surface trans-
port)..

40

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research project to trial new management method eg compare grassland  

management regimes to determine which give better benefits to native butterflies  

and moths across Europe..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-

Research on effectiveness of low-impact transport infrastructure  

ment of transportation infrastructure to miti-

eg effectiveness of underpasses for reptiles..

gate effect to Natura sites..

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 4: piloT proJecTs

Fund

Description

EAFRD

63

Leader..

EFF

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

27(1) (a)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-

Fishermen..

ing multiple jobs for fishers..

27(1) (c)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-

Fishermen..

ing..

servation of resources..

37(a)

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

None..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

land waters, wet-

lands..

37(b)

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and reduc-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tion of by-catches..

land waters..

37(c)

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

combat ghost fishing..

land waters..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-

None..

methods and tools..

cific to land type..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

EFF

41(2) (b)

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on man-

Fishermen, others.., 

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

agement plans and fishing effort allocation plans, in-

SMEs..

cluding, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 

zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 

consequences and experimental restocking..

41(2) (c)

Pilot projects: to develop and test methods to improve 

Fishermen, others.., 

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

gear selectivity, reduce by-catches, discards or the im-

SMEs

land waters..

pact on the environment, in particular on the sea bot-

tom..

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

FP7

conservation and sustainable management of natural 

and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-

ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 

(eg environmental restoration)..

port)..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of air and surface trans-

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Arts 61–65..

None..

None..

Pilot community involvement in nature management, education scheme,  
scheme to increase tourism or to develop areas surrounding Natura site..  
Must be integrated into local development strategy.. 

Pilot scheme to encourage development of eco-tourism led by fishers,  
including some retraining in customer service and small business management,  
and leading to reduction of fishing effort and more sustainable resource use..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an 
economic operator, a recognised trade asso-
ciation or any other competent body desig-
nated for that purpose by the Member State, 
in partnership with a scientific or technical 
body..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an 
economic operator, a recognised trade asso-
ciation or any other competent body desig-
nated for that purpose by the Member State, 
in partnership with a scientific or technical 
body..

Pilot of new nature-friendly fishing gears to assess impact on bycatch  
and suitability for use within Natura 2000 sites..

Pilot project to investigate feasibility of gear removal from certain Natura 2000 sites..

Pilot nature-friendly aquaculture techniques..

Pilot training scheme for fishers on Natura 2000 sites, benefits for communities,  
and including tourism opportunities..

Pilot a scheme to aid cooperation between scientists and fishers, eg promoting  
data collection and analysis projects that could benefit the community  
and Natura 2000 site management..

Project to assess fish stock levels inside and outside Natura site under  
different management regimes..

Pilot of new nature-friendly fishing gears to assess impact on bycatch  
and suitability for use within Natura 2000 sites..

44(1) (c) Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

ref Arts 43(3),(4)

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Pilot scheme to encourage development of eco-tourism led by fishers, including some retrain-
ing in customer service and small business management, and/or Natura site management..

2(1)(i) f

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research project to trial new management method eg compare grassland  
management regimes to determine which give better benefits to native butterflies  
and moths across Europe..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-
ment of transportation infrastructure to miti-
gate effect to Natura sites..

Research on effectiveness of low-impact transport infrastructure  
eg effectiveness of underpasses for reptiles..

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Convergence objective regions..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Energy investments: including improvement of trans-European networks, which contrib-
ute to the integration of environmental considerations, the improvement of energy effi-
ciency and the development of renewable energies..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: renewable energies..

Could fund pilot project to investigate feasibility of using floodplain restoration  

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-
tractiveness and quality of life..

Convergence objective regions..

Priority: environment and risk prevention: stimulating energy efficiency and renewable 
energy production and the development of efficient energy management system..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Pilot habitat restoration through planting of low fire-risk native trees (large areas);  

for risk management..

or restoration of wetland, estuarine or coastal species to reduce flood and erosion risk..  

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(9)

4(10)

5(2)c

5(2)e

6(1)a

6(1)b

Cross-border cooperation: Encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting legal and administrative cooperation, the integra-
tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 
equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 
facilities for R&TD..

6(2)b

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

10

ESF

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-
eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 
prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-
rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-
ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 
studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 
Community..

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-
proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cul-
tural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and en-
couraging sustainable tourism..

Unlikely to be applicable..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..
Only areas with geographical and natural 
handicaps..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport…

Convergence objective regions..

CF

2(1)b

42

Pilot rehabilitation of contaminated land to provide business facilities alongside habitat  

restoration – eg planting new woodland/developing wetland areas/providing water  

treatment with benefit to habitats and species at neighbouring Natura 2000 site..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Pilot habitat restoration through planting of low fire-risk native trees (large areas);  

for risk management..

or restoration of wetland, estuarine or coastal species to reduce flood and erosion risk..  

Would need to be included in larger project context..

and management to provide hydro-electricity, or to investigate the benefits of small-scale  

biomass plants at nature reserves.. In context of regional plans for renewable energy use..

Context: broader education framework..

Develop and pilot education programme to increase environmental awareness  

and improve quality of life..

Context: renewable energies..

Could fund pilot project to investigate feasibility of using floodplain restoration  

and management to provide hydro-electricity, or to investigate the benefits of small-scale  

biomass plants at nature reserves.. In context of regional plans for renewable energy use..

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Pilot eco-tourism network including cross-border cooperation focussed on Natura 2000 sites..

Would need to be included in larger project context..

Pilot job-creation scheme at Natura 2000 sites, in context of development  

of environmentally sustainable job opportunities in a cross-border region..

Pilot cross-border labour market for nature professionals to facilitate skill-sharing  

and resource use.. In context of overall development of sustainable  

and environmentally friendly employment..

Pilot project for environmentally sustainable transnational river basin management,  

including Natura 2000 site management.. Could include consideration of ecosystem services 

from Natura site, and pilot economic tools to facilitate adequate recognition  

of benefits from such services..

Could fund interregional pilot projects where Natura 2000 forms an integral part  

of the broader interregional cooperation on environment and risk prevention..

Pilot programmes for education and skill sharing amongst authorities  

involved in Natura 2000 management..

Pilot eco-tourism initiative, including descriptions of cultural and natural heritage and access 

improvement eg development of environmentally sensitive new coastal walkway or cycleway 

through heritage areas, including Natura 2000 sites and visiting areas with natural handicaps..

Could develop small pilot projects alongside larger development projects –  

eg trial new fish corridors alongside dam developments..

Pilot new methods of developing nature-friendly/low-risk transport corridors  

(eg new technology for over-passes and under-passes).. Could only be done  

as a part of larger transport network projects..

 
 
 
Description

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

4(5)

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

cope with natural and technological risks..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

4(9)

Energy investments: including improvement of trans-European networks, which contrib-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: renewable energies..

ute to the integration of environmental considerations, the improvement of energy effi-

ciency and the development of renewable energies..

tractiveness and quality of life..

4(10)

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: broader education framework..

5(2)c

Priority: environment and risk prevention: stimulating energy efficiency and renewable 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

Context: renewable energies..

energy production and the development of efficient energy management system..

ment objective regions..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Pilot rehabilitation of contaminated land to provide business facilities alongside habitat  
restoration – eg planting new woodland/developing wetland areas/providing water  
treatment with benefit to habitats and species at neighbouring Natura 2000 site..

Pilot habitat restoration through planting of low fire-risk native trees (large areas);  
or restoration of wetland, estuarine or coastal species to reduce flood and erosion risk..  
Would need to be included in larger project context..

Could fund pilot project to investigate feasibility of using floodplain restoration  
and management to provide hydro-electricity, or to investigate the benefits of small-scale  
biomass plants at nature reserves.. In context of regional plans for renewable energy use..

Develop and pilot education programme to increase environmental awareness  
and improve quality of life..

Could fund pilot project to investigate feasibility of using floodplain restoration  
and management to provide hydro-electricity, or to investigate the benefits of small-scale  
biomass plants at nature reserves.. In context of regional plans for renewable energy use..

Pilot habitat restoration through planting of low fire-risk native trees (large areas);  
or restoration of wetland, estuarine or coastal species to reduce flood and erosion risk..  
Would need to be included in larger project context..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: Encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Pilot eco-tourism network including cross-border cooperation focussed on Natura 2000 sites..

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Pilot job-creation scheme at Natura 2000 sites, in context of development  
of environmentally sustainable job opportunities in a cross-border region..

Pilot cross-border labour market for nature professionals to facilitate skill-sharing  
and resource use.. In context of overall development of sustainable  
and environmentally friendly employment..

Pilot project for environmentally sustainable transnational river basin management,  
including Natura 2000 site management.. Could include consideration of ecosystem services 
from Natura site, and pilot economic tools to facilitate adequate recognition  
of benefits from such services..

Could fund interregional pilot projects where Natura 2000 forms an integral part  
of the broader interregional cooperation on environment and risk prevention..

Pilot programmes for education and skill sharing amongst authorities  
involved in Natura 2000 management..

Pilot eco-tourism initiative, including descriptions of cultural and natural heritage and access 
improvement eg development of environmentally sensitive new coastal walkway or cycleway 
through heritage areas, including Natura 2000 sites and visiting areas with natural handicaps..

Could develop small pilot projects alongside larger development projects –  
eg trial new fish corridors alongside dam developments..
Pilot new methods of developing nature-friendly/low-risk transport corridors  
(eg new technology for over-passes and under-passes).. Could only be done  
as a part of larger transport network projects..

43

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting legal and administrative cooperation, the integra-

European territorial cooperation objec-

tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

facilities for R&TD..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

6(3)a

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-

European territorial cooperation objec-

eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

6(3)b

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-

European territorial cooperation objec-

rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

6(3)c

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 

European territorial cooperation objec-

studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

Community..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

10

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-

Only areas with geographical and natural 

proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cul-

handicaps..

tural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and en-

couraging sustainable tourism..

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport…

 
 
 
acTiviTy 5: preparaTion of managemenT plans, sTraTegies and schemes

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

52(b)(iii)

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 

Could fund development of management plan for a large site in any rural area –  

shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-

eg a national park with forest, wetland, riverine areas.. Could include management  

tion and management plans relating to Nat-

of productive land..

63

Leader..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Convergence objective regions..

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

5(2)e

6(1)b

6(2)b

6(2)d

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 

value, environmental awareness actions and 

investments, associated with maintenance, 

restoration and upgrading of the natural her-

itage and with the development of high natu-

ral value sites.. […]

Refer to Arts 61–65..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Eligible if meet the added value criteria of arti-

cle 3 and is in line with measures of annex 1..

Local Action Groups could include the development of site management plans  

as an objectives of local development.. strategy.. Projects could then be developed  

that encourage the sustainable management of environmentally sensitive habitats..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Could fund development of management plan, but only where management  

for risk management..

of the Natura 2000 site is crucial for risk management (eg flood prevention)..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Could fund development of management plan, but only where management  

for risk management..

of the Natura 2000 site is crucial for risk management (eg flood prevention)..

Context: individual Natura sites as part  

Could include development of management plans for a cross-border (Article 6(1)b)  

of a broader network..

or transnational (Article 6(2)b) network of sites, or individual cross-border site  

(eg river basin, coastal zone).. Should be in context of wider regional development plans..

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage.. Development of management plans for transnational Natura 2000 sites near urban centres  

in order to support sustainable development and/or preservation of cultural heritage  

in the region..

Could fund capacity building for staff in administrations who will be responsible  

for developing management plans (for individual sites, or regional networks of sites)..

Unlikely to be applicable..

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
52(b)(iii)

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Fund

Description

EAFRD

63

Leader..

Unlikely to be applicable..

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

Unlikely to be applicable

Description

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

cope with natural and technological risks..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

acTiviTy 5: preparaTion of managemenT plans, sTraTegies and schemes

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Could fund development of management plan for a large site in any rural area –  
eg a national park with forest, wetland, riverine areas.. Could include management  
of productive land..

Local Action Groups could include the development of site management plans  
as an objectives of local development.. strategy.. Projects could then be developed  
that encourage the sustainable management of environmentally sensitive habitats..

57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 
shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-
tion and management plans relating to Nat-
ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 
value, environmental awareness actions and 
investments, associated with maintenance, 
restoration and upgrading of the natural her-
itage and with the development of high natu-
ral value sites.. […]

Refer to Arts 61–65..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Eligible if meet the added value criteria of arti-
cle 3 and is in line with measures of annex 1..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Could fund development of management plan, but only where management  
of the Natura 2000 site is crucial for risk management (eg flood prevention)..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Could fund development of management plan, but only where management  
of the Natura 2000 site is crucial for risk management (eg flood prevention)..

Context: individual Natura sites as part  
of a broader network..

Could include development of management plans for a cross-border (Article 6(1)b)  
or transnational (Article 6(2)b) network of sites, or individual cross-border site  
(eg river basin, coastal zone).. Should be in context of wider regional development plans..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage.. Development of management plans for transnational Natura 2000 sites near urban centres  

in order to support sustainable development and/or preservation of cultural heritage  
in the region..

Could fund capacity building for staff in administrations who will be responsible  
for developing management plans (for individual sites, or regional networks of sites)..

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 6: esTablishmenT of managemenT bodies

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

52(d)

Skills acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Refer to Art 59(e)..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

In the context of a local development strategy, site-specific Natura management bodies  

could be established, perhaps as public/private partnerships..

63

Leader..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-
ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 
and education..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Convergence objective regions..

Could support establishment of regional management body to promote sustainable use  

of biodiversity and nature protection..

Context: management bodies for broad  

Could enable establishment of cross-border management body – would contribute  

cross-border networking initiatives..

to management of Natura sites, but from perspective of health,  

culture, tourism, education etc..

Context: management bodies for broad  

Could establish transnational body with responsibility for managing transnational  

cross-border networking initiatives..

river basin/wetland/coastal zone.. Would primarily relate to broader management  

of the region/water body and/or risk management, but would include  

Natura site management as part of this..

Could enable restructuring of administrative systems/bodies in order to create  

good structures for regional environmental management  

(including management of Natura 2000)..

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

6(1)e

6(2)b

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

Description

EAFRD

strategy..

63

Leader..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

EFF

LIFE+

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

acTiviTy 6: esTablishmenT of managemenT bodies

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

52(d)

Skills acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

Refer to Art 59(e)..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

In the context of a local development strategy, site-specific Natura management bodies  
could be established, perhaps as public/private partnerships..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

6(1)e

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

and education..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Could support establishment of regional management body to promote sustainable use  
of biodiversity and nature protection..

Context: management bodies for broad  
cross-border networking initiatives..

Could enable establishment of cross-border management body – would contribute  
to management of Natura sites, but from perspective of health,  
culture, tourism, education etc..

Context: management bodies for broad  
cross-border networking initiatives..

Could establish transnational body with responsibility for managing transnational  
river basin/wetland/coastal zone.. Would primarily relate to broader management  
of the region/water body and/or risk management, but would include  
Natura site management as part of this..

Could enable restructuring of administrative systems/bodies in order to create  
good structures for regional environmental management  
(including management of Natura 2000)..

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 7: consulTaTion and neTWorKing –  
public meeTings, neTWorKing, liason WiTh landoWners

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

52(d)

Skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

Refer to Art 59..

Could support networking and capacity building as far as this can be linked  

to an environmental objective in the local development strategy..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Could support networking on a regional or wider basis (in relation to local development plans) 

to encourage uptake of best practice.. Could be used (for example) to share experiences  

of rural communities in managing Natura; highlight commercial and social opportunities;  

or to disseminate information to landowners..

EFF

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Could facilitate development of information-sharing networks to disseminate  

mented with the active support of operators 

information on low-impact fishing techniques/nature-friendly aquaculture etc..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Could fund participation of scientists in fishing networks and development  

mented with the active support of operators 

of ideas for fishing/science partnerships..

44(1)(h)

Promoting inter-regional and trans-national coopera-
tion among actors in fisheries areas, mainly through 
networking and disseminating best practice..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-
plementation of the local development strategy..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Could support inter-regional and trans-national networking in relation to nature-friendly  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

fishing practices and the role of fishers and aquaculturalists in relation to Natura 2000..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Could support networking and capacity building as far as this can be linked  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

to an environmental objective in the local development strategy..

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive  

assistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Eligible if meeting the added value criteria  

of article 3 and is in line with the measures  

of annex 1..

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 
conservation and sustainable management of natural 
and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-
ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 
(eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation

Context: as a part of the research project 

Research project on Natura management could include consultation of stakeholders,  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

assessment of acceptability of management practices, benefits arising from Natura sites etc..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Convergence’ objective regions..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence’ objective regions..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of 
sustainable tourism, protection and enhancement of natural heritage in support of so-
cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 
higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..
 Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-
tractiveness and quality of life..

Convergence’ objective regions..

Convergence’ objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the reha-
bilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brown-
field sites and land..

Priority environment and risk prevention and in particular: promoting the development 
of infrastructure linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this 
contributes to sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 
natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the promo-
tion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable tourism..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could support regional networking, sharing of positive experiences  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

to communicate economic benefits of Natura sites..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could fund networking in relation to ‘Natura contributing to risk prevention’..  

when stakeholder engagement is needed 

Could include engagement with neighbouring landowners..

(risk management)..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan,  

when stakeholder engagement is needed 

including discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000  

(tourism)..

at local and regional levels..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Regional networking and consultation on environmental education,  

when stakeholder engagement is needed 

using Natura 2000 network as an education resource..

(education)..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could include consultation of local stakeholders who would be affected  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

by rehabilitation of an area, eg Natura 2000 sites or areas closely connected to these sites..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could include consultation of local stakeholders who would be affected  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

by the construction of infrastructure at Natura 2000 sites..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could fund networking in relation to ‘Natura contributing to risk prevention’..  

when stakeholder engagement is needed 

Could include engagement with neighbouring landowners..

(risk management)..

gagement is needed..

Context: natural/cultural heritage; as a part 

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan, including  

of the project/initiative when stakeholder en-

discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000 at local and regional levels..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(6)

4(10)

5(2)a

5(2)b

5(2)e

5(2)f

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 7: consulTaTion and neTWorKing –  

public meeTings, neTWorKing, liason WiTh landoWners

52(d)

Skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

rural areas)..

areas..

Fund

Description

EAFRD

strategy..

Leader

63

EFF

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-

None..

methods and tools..

cific to land type..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

land waters, wet-

lands..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

conservation and sustainable management of natural 

and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-

ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 

(eg environmental restoration)..

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence’ objective regions..

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

cope with natural and technological risks..

4(6)

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of 

Convergence’ objective regions..

sustainable tourism, protection and enhancement of natural heritage in support of so-

cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 

higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

4(10)

 Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-

Convergence’ objective regions..

tractiveness and quality of life..

field sites and land..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention and in particular: promoting the development 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

of infrastructure linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this 

ment objective regions..

contributes to sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the promo-

ment objective regions..

tion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable tourism..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 59..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Could support networking and capacity building as far as this can be linked  
to an environmental objective in the local development strategy..

Could support networking on a regional or wider basis (in relation to local development plans) 
to encourage uptake of best practice.. Could be used (for example) to share experiences  
of rural communities in managing Natura; highlight commercial and social opportunities;  
or to disseminate information to landowners..

Could facilitate development of information-sharing networks to disseminate  
information on low-impact fishing techniques/nature-friendly aquaculture etc..

Could fund participation of scientists in fishing networks and development  
of ideas for fishing/science partnerships..

44(1)(h)

Promoting inter-regional and trans-national coopera-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tion among actors in fisheries areas, mainly through 

SMEs, others..

networking and disseminating best practice..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Could support inter-regional and trans-national networking in relation to nature-friendly  
fishing practices and the role of fishers and aquaculturalists in relation to Natura 2000..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

plementation of the local development strategy..

SMEs, others..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Could support networking and capacity building as far as this can be linked  
to an environmental objective in the local development strategy..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive  
assistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Eligible if meeting the added value criteria  
of article 3 and is in line with the measures  
of annex 1..

2(1)(i) f

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Context: as a part of the research project 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Research project on Natura management could include consultation of stakeholders,  
assessment of acceptability of management practices, benefits arising from Natura sites etc..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence’ objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could support regional networking, sharing of positive experiences  
to communicate economic benefits of Natura sites..

5(2)a

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the reha-

Regional competitiveness and employ-

bilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brown-

ment objective regions..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could include consultation of local stakeholders who would be affected  
by rehabilitation of an area, eg Natura 2000 sites or areas closely connected to these sites..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed 
(risk management)..

Could fund networking in relation to ‘Natura contributing to risk prevention’..  
Could include engagement with neighbouring landowners..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed 
(tourism)..

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan,  
including discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000  
at local and regional levels..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed 
(education)..

Regional networking and consultation on environmental education,  
using Natura 2000 network as an education resource..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could include consultation of local stakeholders who would be affected  
by the construction of infrastructure at Natura 2000 sites..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed 
(risk management)..

Context: natural/cultural heritage; as a part 
of the project/initiative when stakeholder en-
gagement is needed..

Could fund networking in relation to ‘Natura contributing to risk prevention’..  
Could include engagement with neighbouring landowners..

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan, including  
discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000 at local and regional levels..

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-
ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 
and education..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting legal and administrative cooperation, the integra-
tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 
equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 
facilities for R&TD..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-
eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 
prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-
rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-
ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 
studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 
Community..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 
the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-
opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 
employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-
tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-
proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the natu-
ral heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and encouraging sus-
tainable tourism..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan,  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

including discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000  

at local and regional levels..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could assist in development of cross-border networks to draft regional plans  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

for sustainable environmental management, tourism, education,  

and/or nature/cultural heritage protection including management of Natura 2000..

Context: broad cross-border  

education initiatives..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could support cross-border networking to enable effective use of regional  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

human resources for Natura 2000..

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Could assist in development of transnational networks to draft regional plans  

for sustainable environmental management, education, and/or nature/cultural  

heritage protection close to urban areas, including management of Natura 2000..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could support consultation and networking in relation to cross-border management plans 

when stakeholder engagement is needed.. 

and/or risk management plans for maritime areas, including aspects  

of Natura 2000 management..

Could support development of large networks in relation to Natura 2000 management  

to enable sharing of experiences, expertise, data collection and information etc..  

Could facilitate regional cooperation and mentoring and capacity-building  

for ‘new’ Member States..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

Only areas with geographical and natural 
handicaps..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Networking of areas with natural handicaps, to facilitate sharing of experience  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

and ideas on how Natura 2000 could contribute to the economic growth of the region..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

Could fund community/stakeholder consultation for urban Natura 2000 sites  

when stakeholder engagement is needed..  

that are located within a broader urban rehabilitation project..

Requirement: Urban dimensions.. 

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..
Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Convergence objective regions..

Convergence objective regions..

Networking between public and private bodies, departments, public administrations  

and public services etc.. in relation to environmental management  

and in particular Natura 2000..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 

when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Fund

ERDF

6(1)a

6(1)b

6(1)e

6(2)d

6(2)b

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

8

10

ESF

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

50

 
 
 
 
 
Description

Fund

ERDF

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)e

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

and education..

facilities for R&TD..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

6(3)a

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-

European territorial cooperation objec-

eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

6(3)b

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-

European territorial cooperation objec-

rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

6(3)c

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 

European territorial cooperation objec-

studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

Community..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

8

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 

the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-

opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 

employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-

tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could support networking to assist development of regional tourism plan,  
including discussions of benefits and opportunities from Natura 2000  
at local and regional levels..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could assist in development of cross-border networks to draft regional plans  
for sustainable environmental management, tourism, education,  
and/or nature/cultural heritage protection including management of Natura 2000..

Context: broad cross-border  
education initiatives..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting legal and administrative cooperation, the integra-

European territorial cooperation objec-

tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Could support cross-border networking to enable effective use of regional  
human resources for Natura 2000..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Could assist in development of transnational networks to draft regional plans  
for sustainable environmental management, education, and/or nature/cultural  
heritage protection close to urban areas, including management of Natura 2000..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed.. 

Could support consultation and networking in relation to cross-border management plans 
and/or risk management plans for maritime areas, including aspects  
of Natura 2000 management..

Could support development of large networks in relation to Natura 2000 management  
to enable sharing of experiences, expertise, data collection and information etc..  
Could facilitate regional cooperation and mentoring and capacity-building  
for ‘new’ Member States..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..  
Requirement: Urban dimensions.. 

Could fund community/stakeholder consultation for urban Natura 2000 sites  
that are located within a broader urban rehabilitation project..

10

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-

Only areas with geographical and natural 

proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the natu-

handicaps..

ral heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and encouraging sus-

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

Networking of areas with natural handicaps, to facilitate sharing of experience  
and ideas on how Natura 2000 could contribute to the economic growth of the region..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Networking between public and private bodies, departments, public administrations  
and public services etc.. in relation to environmental management  
and in particular Natura 2000..

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Context: as a part of the project/initiative 
when stakeholder engagement is needed..

tainable tourism..

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

51

 
 
 
 
 
57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 

shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-

tion and management plans relating to Nat-

ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 

value, environmental awareness actions and 

investments, associated with maintenance, 

restoration and upgrading of the natural her-

itage and with the development of high natu-

ral value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive assist-

ance for the same purpose from, other Com-

munity financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligi-

ble if meeting the added value criteria of article 

3 and is in line with the measures of annex 1..

acTiviTy 8: revieW of managemenT plans, sTraTegies and schemes

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

63

Leader..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible (within 
rural areas)

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Could support review of schemes where this is relevant for local development goals –  

eg revisit management plans to enable a greater focus on community engagement  

and educational opportunities (in partnership with relevant authorities)..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

5(2)e

6(1)b

6(2)b

6(2)d

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 
conservation and sustainable management of natural 
and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-
ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 
(eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Trans-national cooperation..

Context: research..

Research programmes aimed at determining effectiveness of original management plans  

and developing ideas to be included in future management of sites  

and the Natura network in a broader context..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Review of Natura site plans in context of contribution to regional risk management..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Review of Natura site plans in context of contribution to regional risk management..

for risk management..

for risk management..

Context: individual Natura sites as part  

Review of plans to enable cross-border (Article 6(1)b) or transnational (Article 6(2)b)  

of a broader network..

synergies – eg reviewing plans relating to sites (eg river basins, coastal zones)  

near the border between neighbouring countries..

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage.. 

Review of management plans for transnational urban centres and their surrounding areas  

in order to improve sustainable development and/or preservation of cultural heritage  

in the region, eg the management of Natura 2000 sites in the area..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 
shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-
tion and management plans relating to Nat-
ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 
value, environmental awareness actions and 
investments, associated with maintenance, 
restoration and upgrading of the natural her-
itage and with the development of high natu-
ral value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive assist-
ance for the same purpose from, other Com-
munity financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligi-
ble if meeting the added value criteria of article 
3 and is in line with the measures of annex 1..

Could support review of schemes where this is relevant for local development goals –  
eg revisit management plans to enable a greater focus on community engagement  
and educational opportunities (in partnership with relevant authorities)..

2(1)(i) f

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 

All possible..

Trans-national cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Research programmes aimed at determining effectiveness of original management plans  
and developing ideas to be included in future management of sites  
and the Natura network in a broader context..

conservation and sustainable management of natural 

and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-

ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 

(eg environmental restoration)..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Context: individual Natura sites as part  
of a broader network..

Review of Natura site plans in context of contribution to regional risk management..

Review of Natura site plans in context of contribution to regional risk management..

Review of plans to enable cross-border (Article 6(1)b) or transnational (Article 6(2)b)  
synergies – eg reviewing plans relating to sites (eg river basins, coastal zones)  
near the border between neighbouring countries..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage.. 

Review of management plans for transnational urban centres and their surrounding areas  
in order to improve sustainable development and/or preservation of cultural heritage  
in the region, eg the management of Natura 2000 sites in the area..

acTiviTy 8: revieW of managemenT plans, sTraTegies and schemes

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)

areas..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Fund

Description

EAFRD

63

Leader..

Unlikely to be applicable

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

cope with natural and technological risks..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 9: running cosTs of managemenT bodies

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

52(d)

EFF

Skills acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Refer to Art 59(e)..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Unlikely to be applicable

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Fund

ERDF

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 9: running cosTs of managemenT bodies

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

52(d)

Skills acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

Refer to Art 59(e)..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Fund

Description

EAFRD

strategy..

Unlikely to be applicable

EFF

LIFE+

FP7

Fund

ERDF

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 10: mainTenance of faciliTies for public – access To and use of siTes

Fund

Description

EAFRD

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

Private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Refer to Art 39 and Art 51.. Recipient must re-

Promotion of public access may be included in agri-environment measures,  

spect cross compliance and certain manda-

payment may include sums for, eg, ensuring public pathways remain uncultivated in MS 

tory standards in national legislation.. 

where this is not a requirement of cross-compliance..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51.. Recipient must 

Promotion of public access may be included in forest-environment measures,  

respect cross compliance..

payment may include sums for maintenance of pathways, bridges etc..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

44(1)(b)

44(1)(e)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-
structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 
communities..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

5(2)b

6(1)b

6(2)d

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this contributes to 
sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Convergence objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

56

57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 

shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-

tion and management plans relating to Nat-

ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 

value, environmental awareness actions and 

investments, associated with maintenance, 

restoration and upgrading of the natural her-

itage and with the development of high natu-

ral value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

In the framework of a local development strategy, public access facilities could be maintained 

with the aim of facilitating education, eco-tourism, or environmental benefit..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Could be used for maintenance or improvement of public access facilities for use at coastal 

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

sites, to facilitate development of eco-tourism..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Could fund tourism-related public-access infrastructure at any Natura site where access could 

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

benefit the targeted communities (eg through ongoing or increasing eco-tourism activities)..

Could fund maintenance/modernisation of infrastructure in place for public access eg  

upgrade of walkways.. Applicable also in maintaining/modernising infrastructure  

at cross-border/transnational Natural 2000 sites..

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage..

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 39 and Art 51.. Recipient must re-
spect cross compliance and certain manda-
tory standards in national legislation.. 

Promotion of public access may be included in agri-environment measures,  
payment may include sums for, eg, ensuring public pathways remain uncultivated in MS 
where this is not a requirement of cross-compliance..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51.. Recipient must 
respect cross compliance..

Promotion of public access may be included in forest-environment measures,  
payment may include sums for maintenance of pathways, bridges etc..

57: The support referred to in article 52(b)(iii) 
shall cover: (a) the drawing-up of protec-
tion and management plans relating to Nat-
ura 2000 sites and other places of high natural 
value, environmental awareness actions and 
investments, associated with maintenance, 
restoration and upgrading of the natural her-
itage and with the development of high natu-
ral value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

In the framework of a local development strategy, public access facilities could be maintained 
with the aim of facilitating education, eco-tourism, or environmental benefit..

44(1)(b)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

44(1)(e)

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 

SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Could be used for maintenance or improvement of public access facilities for use at coastal 
sites, to facilitate development of eco-tourism..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Could fund tourism-related public-access infrastructure at any Natura site where access could 
benefit the targeted communities (eg through ongoing or increasing eco-tourism activities)..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Could fund maintenance/modernisation of infrastructure in place for public access eg  
upgrade of walkways.. Applicable also in maintaining/modernising infrastructure  
at cross-border/transnational Natural 2000 sites..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage..

acTiviTy 10: mainTenance of faciliTies for public – access To and use of siTes

Fund

Description

EAFRD

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

agers..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Leader..

63

EFF

communities..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

LIFE+

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this contributes to 

ment objective regions..

sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 11: ongoing sTaff cosTs

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Unlikely to be applicable..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable

Fund

ERDF

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Only eligible in the circumstances foreseen in 

Article 5(5), and then only if activities would 

meet the EU added value criteria in article 3..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 11: ongoing sTaff cosTs

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

EAFRD

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Only eligible in the circumstances foreseen in 
Article 5(5), and then only if activities would 
meet the EU added value criteria in article 3..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 12: conservaTion managemenT – habiTaTs

Fund

EAFRD

36(a)(i)

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 
areas..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50.. 

36(a)(ii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 
than mountain areas..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

36(a)(iii)

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-
tive 2000/60/EC..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers.., land man-
agers

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(vi)

sSupport for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land..]..

Farmers.., land man-
agers

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(i)

First afforestation of Agricultural land....

All possible..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

36(b)(ii)

First establishment of agro-forestry systems on Agri-
cultural land....

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. 

36(b)(iii)

First afforestation of non-Agricultural land....

All possible..

Other terrestrial 
land..

36(b)(iv)

Natura 2000 payments; [Forests..]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

36(b)(vi)

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-
tion actions..

Private forest own-
ers and associations 
thereof..

Forests..

Private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

All possible..

Forests..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests..]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50.. Art 45 also re-
fers to abandoned farmland..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-
eas must be designated – re-
fer to Art 50..
Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

None..

None..

63

Leader..

60

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. Refer to Art 

Payments could be used to support traditional extensive sustainable  

51 on Reg.. 1782/2003..This is a compensation 

agricultural practice in areas where this is necessary for maintenance of valuable habitat – 

payment and no environmental compliance cri-

eg grazing of alpine meadows or open steppe.. Note that no environmental compliance  

teria are attached other than those set out in 

criteria are attached other than those pertaining to cross compliance..  

the statutory management requirements (which 

It is therefore important to integrate this payment with agri-environment schemes  

include the Birds and Habitats Directives) and 

or advisory activity in order to ensure the most appropriate land management  

GAEC standards (which might include standards 

activity is undertaken..

relating to a minimum level of maintenance) as-

sociated with Pillar 1 payments.. The only other 

requirements on recipients is to continue farm-

ing for at least 5 years.. Conservation manage-

ment will therefore be dependent on the type of 

farming activity undertaken by the farmer..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. Refer to 

Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003 and above note  

on environmental compliance.. 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to mandatory actions 

Many possible uses: eg phased mowing, restrictions on new drainage systems, require-

and to UAA only.. A payment for costs incurred 

ments in relation to hedgerow management.. The actions taken will be dependent on the 

and income foregone.. Refer to Art 51 on Reg.. 

site management plan as implemented by the national authority with responsibility for 

1782/2003..

managing the Birds and Habitats Directives nationally.. The payment the farmer/landowner 

receives is for costs incurred e..g.. the cost of a reduced output resulting from the require-

ment to have a lower stocking density.. Environmental benefits are therefore  

dependent on the site management plan as linked to this Natura 2000 payment..

Refer to Art 39 and Art 51.. Recipient must re-

Payments for maintaining areas of bear food plants near to the margins  

spect cross compliance and certain mandatory 

of forest habitat.. 

standards in national legislation.. Payments must 

be for measures that go beyond the require-

ments of cross compliance.. Payments are for in-

come foregone and costs incurred; i..e.. there is no 

incentive included in the payment..

There are many options open to Member States and agri-environment schemes can be de-

signed to be adaptable to differing regional requirements.. As agri-environment payments 

are designed to achieve environmental objectives they could be promoted to those receiv-

ing compensatory payments through Articles 36 (a) I, 36 (a) ii and 36 (a) iii.. Agri-environment 

schemes could be targeted at Agricultural land.. between key Natura 2000 sites  

in order to develop wildlife corridors linking important habitats..

Refer to Art 41..

Temporary fencing for grazing management, restricting public access or other  

agricultural activities; construction of stable for goats..

Fencing to keep stock away from waterways..

Amounts payable depend on category of benefi-

Could fund restoration of native Forests.. where these have been lost; could link to other  

ciary – refer to Art 43.. Covers establishment costs, 

restoration projects to facilitate creation of a contiguous network of Natura 2000 sites  

maintenance costs for 5 years and payment for 

(art 10 habitats Directive).. Careful consideration of biodiversity interest needs to be given 

income foregone for up to 15 years.. Once affor-

in cases of afforestation as the biodiversity value of an area could decrease following  

ested, land would presumably no longer be eligi-

afforestation, depending on what has been replaced.. Afforested land could be eligible  

ble for the Single Farm Payment.. Refer to Art 51 

for a forest-environment payment to ensure sustainable forest management..  

– recipient must respect cross compliance..

Afforested land could help develop wildlife corridors between Natura sites..

Refer to Art 44.. Only covers establishment costs.. 

Could enable restoration of traditional agro-forestry systems such as dehesa/montado  

Therefore there is a need to ensure ongoing main-

in areas where these have been lost.. NB: Careful consideration of biodiversity interest 

tenance through an agri-environment scheme, 

needs to be given in cases of afforestation as the biodiversity value of an area could  

for example.. There is a question as to whether 

decrease following afforestation, depending on what has been replaced.. 

agro-forestry systems would also be eligible for 

the Single Farm Payment.. For this purpose, Mem-

ber States shall ensure the continuation of the 

agricultural use of the land (max.. number of trees 

planted per hectare…)..

Refer to Art 45, support varies depending on 

Could facilitate the restoration of native Forests.. in areas where these have been cleared – 

land type and category of beneficiary..

should note that afforestation of some land types (eg bogs) may not be desirable  

for nature conservation.. 

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient  

Restoring old growth forest: creation and management of large reserves  

must respect cross compliance.. A payment  

(greater than 50 ha) without any forest management..

for costs incurred and income foregone..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient  

Retention of dying/old trees in selectively logged Forests.., at a rate of  

must respect cross compliance..

10% per hectare; wide spacing between trees; mixing species to be planted..

Refer to Art 48..

Prevention actions could include planting of native trees where these are fire-resistant..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  

to forest-environment payments..

Support establishment of small vegetated ponds in forest areas..

Refer to Art 57.. Refers to the investments associ-

Restoration of local wetlands through modification of waterways and restorative planting..

ated with maintenance, restoration and upgrad-

ing of the natural heritage and the development 

of high natural value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Management of local habitats to facilitate objectives of local development plan  

eg cleaning of waterways to facilitate otter reintroductions as part  

of ‘green waterways’ campaign..

 
 
acTiviTy 12: conservaTion managemenT – habiTaTs

Fund

EAFRD

36(a)(i)

areas..

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

refer to Art 50.. 

36(a)(ii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

36(a)(iii)

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

than mountain areas..

tive 2000/60/EC..

refer to Art 50..

refer to Art 50..

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

agers

agers

36(b)(i)

First afforestation of Agricultural land....

All possible..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

refer to Art 50..

36(b)(ii)

First establishment of agro-forestry systems on Agri-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Eligibility varies depending 

cultural land....

on area: refer to article 42.. 

36(b)(iii)

First afforestation of non-Agricultural land....

All possible..

Other terrestrial 

Areas must be designated – 

36(b)(iv)

Natura 2000 payments; [Forests..]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

land..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers and associations 

thereof..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

tion actions..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests..]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

refer to Art 50.. Art 45 also re-

fers to abandoned farmland..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-

eas must be designated – re-

fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

refer to Art 50..

None..

None..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. Refer to Art 
51 on Reg.. 1782/2003..This is a compensation 
payment and no environmental compliance cri-
teria are attached other than those set out in 
the statutory management requirements (which 
include the Birds and Habitats Directives) and 
GAEC standards (which might include standards 
relating to a minimum level of maintenance) as-
sociated with Pillar 1 payments.. The only other 
requirements on recipients is to continue farm-
ing for at least 5 years.. Conservation manage-
ment will therefore be dependent on the type of 
farming activity undertaken by the farmer..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. Refer to 
Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003 and above note  
on environmental compliance.. 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to mandatory actions 
and to UAA only.. A payment for costs incurred 
and income foregone.. Refer to Art 51 on Reg.. 
1782/2003..

Refer to Art 39 and Art 51.. Recipient must re-
spect cross compliance and certain mandatory 
standards in national legislation.. Payments must 
be for measures that go beyond the require-
ments of cross compliance.. Payments are for in-
come foregone and costs incurred; i..e.. there is no 
incentive included in the payment..

36(a)(vi)

sSupport for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 41..

land..]..

Payments could be used to support traditional extensive sustainable  
agricultural practice in areas where this is necessary for maintenance of valuable habitat – 
eg grazing of alpine meadows or open steppe.. Note that no environmental compliance  
criteria are attached other than those pertaining to cross compliance..  
It is therefore important to integrate this payment with agri-environment schemes  
or advisory activity in order to ensure the most appropriate land management  
activity is undertaken..

Many possible uses: eg phased mowing, restrictions on new drainage systems, require-
ments in relation to hedgerow management.. The actions taken will be dependent on the 
site management plan as implemented by the national authority with responsibility for 
managing the Birds and Habitats Directives nationally.. The payment the farmer/landowner 
receives is for costs incurred e..g.. the cost of a reduced output resulting from the require-
ment to have a lower stocking density.. Environmental benefits are therefore  
dependent on the site management plan as linked to this Natura 2000 payment..

Payments for maintaining areas of bear food plants near to the margins  
of forest habitat.. 
There are many options open to Member States and agri-environment schemes can be de-
signed to be adaptable to differing regional requirements.. As agri-environment payments 
are designed to achieve environmental objectives they could be promoted to those receiv-
ing compensatory payments through Articles 36 (a) I, 36 (a) ii and 36 (a) iii.. Agri-environment 
schemes could be targeted at Agricultural land.. between key Natura 2000 sites  
in order to develop wildlife corridors linking important habitats..

Temporary fencing for grazing management, restricting public access or other  
agricultural activities; construction of stable for goats..
Fencing to keep stock away from waterways..

Amounts payable depend on category of benefi-
ciary – refer to Art 43.. Covers establishment costs, 
maintenance costs for 5 years and payment for 
income foregone for up to 15 years.. Once affor-
ested, land would presumably no longer be eligi-
ble for the Single Farm Payment.. Refer to Art 51 
– recipient must respect cross compliance..

Could fund restoration of native Forests.. where these have been lost; could link to other  
restoration projects to facilitate creation of a contiguous network of Natura 2000 sites  
(art 10 habitats Directive).. Careful consideration of biodiversity interest needs to be given 
in cases of afforestation as the biodiversity value of an area could decrease following  
afforestation, depending on what has been replaced.. Afforested land could be eligible  
for a forest-environment payment to ensure sustainable forest management..  
Afforested land could help develop wildlife corridors between Natura sites..

Refer to Art 44.. Only covers establishment costs.. 
Therefore there is a need to ensure ongoing main-
tenance through an agri-environment scheme, 
for example.. There is a question as to whether 
agro-forestry systems would also be eligible for 
the Single Farm Payment.. For this purpose, Mem-
ber States shall ensure the continuation of the 
agricultural use of the land (max.. number of trees 
planted per hectare…)..

Refer to Art 45, support varies depending on 
land type and category of beneficiary..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient  
must respect cross compliance.. A payment  
for costs incurred and income foregone..

Could enable restoration of traditional agro-forestry systems such as dehesa/montado  
in areas where these have been lost.. NB: Careful consideration of biodiversity interest 
needs to be given in cases of afforestation as the biodiversity value of an area could  
decrease following afforestation, depending on what has been replaced.. 

Could facilitate the restoration of native Forests.. in areas where these have been cleared – 
should note that afforestation of some land types (eg bogs) may not be desirable  
for nature conservation.. 
Restoring old growth forest: creation and management of large reserves  
(greater than 50 ha) without any forest management..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient  
must respect cross compliance..

Retention of dying/old trees in selectively logged Forests.., at a rate of  
10% per hectare; wide spacing between trees; mixing species to be planted..

36(b)(vi)

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-

All possible..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 48..

Prevention actions could include planting of native trees where these are fire-resistant..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  
to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 57.. Refers to the investments associ-
ated with maintenance, restoration and upgrad-
ing of the natural heritage and the development 
of high natural value sites..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Support establishment of small vegetated ponds in forest areas..

Restoration of local wetlands through modification of waterways and restorative planting..

Management of local habitats to facilitate objectives of local development plan  
eg cleaning of waterways to facilitate otter reintroductions as part  
of ‘green waterways’ campaign..

61

 
 
Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Fund

EFF

29(1)(b)

29(1)(c)

30(2)(a)

30(2)(d)

37(a)

37(c)

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 
reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-
pact on the environment when compared with normal 
practice in the aquaculture sector..

SMEs..

Support for traditional aquaculture activities impor-
tant for preserving and developing both the economic 
and social fabric and the environment..

SMEs..

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones..

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-
servation of resources..

Fishermen, others..

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 
combat ghost fishing..

Fishermen, others..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 
facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 
fauna and flora..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawn-
ing grounds and migration routes for migratory spe-
cies..

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 
protection and enhancement of the environment in 
the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

Fishermen, others.., 
SMEs..

41(2)(b)

41(2)(c)

44(1)(c)

44(1)(f )

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on 
management plans and fishing effort allocation plans, 
including, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 
zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 
consequences and experimental restocking..

Pilot projects: to develop and test methods to improve 
gear selectivity, reduce by-catches, discards or the 
impact on the environment, in particular on the sea 
bottom..

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Protecting the environment in fisheries areas to main-
tain its attractiveness, regenerating and developing 
coastal hamlets and villages with fisheries activities 
and protecting and enhancing the natural and archi-
tectural heritage..

62

Fishermen, others.., 
SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an eco-

Pilot project to develop and test method to fish with lower impact  

nomic operator, a recognised trade association 

on the sea bottom (eg to fish without damaging sea grass beds)..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  

Creation of jobs in habitat improvement (eg revegetation of riverine  

on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

and estuarine habitats)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  

Improving environment through restoration of coastal habitats..

on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  

Funding to enable aquaculturalists to support techniques that involve  

[micro and small] enterprises..

low/no chemical use, leading to cleaner waterways  

and higher nature values downstream.. 

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  

Support for maintenance of traditional fishponds which  

[micro and small] enterprises..

may represent important habitat..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

Introduction of organic standards, marketing for organic products  

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

from within Natura sites (where organic aquaculture is compatible with site objectives)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 

Removal of fishing gear from marine protected area, leading to enhanced quality habitat..

Art 30(2)(c)..

with the active support of operators themselves 

or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-

ers or other organisations recognised by the 

Member State…

or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-

ers or other organisations recognised by the 

Member State…

ers or other organisations recognised by the 

Member State…

associations, or other bodies appointed for that 

purpose by the Member State..

associations, or other bodies appointed for that 

purpose by the Member State..

public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 

associations, or other bodies appointed for that 

purpose by the Member State..

or any other competent body designated for that 

purpose by the Member State, in partnership 

with a scientific or technical body..

or any other competent body designated for that 

purpose by the Member State, in partnership 

with a scientific or technical body..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 

Improve existing habitats through improvements at aquaculture sites –  

with the active support of operators themselves 

eg planting of aquatic vegetation..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 

Could be used to facilitate development of new habitat management measures assisted  

with the active support of operators themselves 

by scientific input (in particular, this could apply to development of measures  

or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-

for management of marine sites)..

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 

Installation of ‘cages’ in order to protect fragile benthic species and habitats  

public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 

(eg sea grass beds, sea fans)..

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 

Management of water quality could enable restoration/return of freshwater invertebrates.. 

public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 

Replanting of riverside vegetation could increase spawning success..

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 

Enhancement of Natura 2000 sites that include spawning areas or habitat for fish/shellfish..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an eco-

Establishment of no-fishing zones within Natura 2000 sites to allow monitoring  

nomic operator, a recognised trade association 

of the effects of no fishing on habitats and species..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

Fund

EFF

Description

29(1)(b)

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 

SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

29(1)(c)

Support for traditional aquaculture activities impor-

SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-

pact on the environment when compared with normal 

practice in the aquaculture sector..

tant for preserving and developing both the economic 

and social fabric and the environment..

hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-

netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 

traditional features of aquaculture zones..

vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-

tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 

92/43/EEC..

servation of resources..

combat ghost fishing..

37(c)

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 

fauna and flora..

land waters, wet-

lands..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawn-

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

ing grounds and migration routes for migratory spe-

cies..

protection and enhancement of the environment in 

the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

management plans and fishing effort allocation plans, 

SMEs..

including, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 

zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 

consequences and experimental restocking..

41(2)(b)

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on 

Fishermen, others.., 

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

41(2)(c)

Pilot projects: to develop and test methods to improve 

Fishermen, others.., 

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

gear selectivity, reduce by-catches, discards or the 

SMEs..

land waters..

impact on the environment, in particular on the sea 

bottom..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(f )

Protecting the environment in fisheries areas to main-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

tain its attractiveness, regenerating and developing 

SMEs, others..

coastal hamlets and villages with fisheries activities 

and protecting and enhancing the natural and archi-

tectural heritage..

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  
[micro and small] enterprises..

Funding to enable aquaculturalists to support techniques that involve  
low/no chemical use, leading to cleaner waterways  
and higher nature values downstream.. 

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  
[micro and small] enterprises..

Support for maintenance of traditional fishponds which  
may represent important habitat..

30(2)(a)

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

30(2)(d)

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Introduction of organic standards, marketing for organic products  
from within Natura sites (where organic aquaculture is compatible with site objectives)..

37(a)

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Art 30(2)(c)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 
with the active support of operators themselves 
or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-
ers or other organisations recognised by the 
Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 
with the active support of operators themselves 
or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-
ers or other organisations recognised by the 
Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented 
with the active support of operators themselves 
or by organisations acting on behalf of produc-
ers or other organisations recognised by the 
Member State…

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 
public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 
associations, or other bodies appointed for that 
purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 
public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 
associations, or other bodies appointed for that 
purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3): The actions must be implemented by 
public or semi-public bodies, recognised trade 
associations, or other bodies appointed for that 
purpose by the Member State..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an eco-
nomic operator, a recognised trade association 
or any other competent body designated for that 
purpose by the Member State, in partnership 
with a scientific or technical body..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out by an eco-
nomic operator, a recognised trade association 
or any other competent body designated for that 
purpose by the Member State, in partnership 
with a scientific or technical body..

Removal of fishing gear from marine protected area, leading to enhanced quality habitat..

Improve existing habitats through improvements at aquaculture sites –  
eg planting of aquatic vegetation..

Could be used to facilitate development of new habitat management measures assisted  
by scientific input (in particular, this could apply to development of measures  
for management of marine sites)..

Installation of ‘cages’ in order to protect fragile benthic species and habitats  
(eg sea grass beds, sea fans)..

Management of water quality could enable restoration/return of freshwater invertebrates.. 
Replanting of riverside vegetation could increase spawning success..

Enhancement of Natura 2000 sites that include spawning areas or habitat for fish/shellfish..

Establishment of no-fishing zones within Natura 2000 sites to allow monitoring  
of the effects of no fishing on habitats and species..

Pilot project to develop and test method to fish with lower impact  
on the sea bottom (eg to fish without damaging sea grass beds)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  
on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Creation of jobs in habitat improvement (eg revegetation of riverine  
and estuarine habitats)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  
on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Improving environment through restoration of coastal habitats..

63

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

LIFE+

3

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(8)

5(2)a

5(2)b

5(2)e

5(3)a

6(1)b

6(1)d

6(2)b

8

ESF

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive assist-

ance for the same purpose from, other Commu-

nity financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligible if 

meeting the LIFE+ eligibility criteria of article 3, 

measures of annex 1 and avoids to be a “recur-

ring” activity..

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration) ..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research project could lead to development of more effective management  

measures for specific sites or biotypes..

Description

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Convergence objective regions..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Transport investments, including improvement of trans-European networks and links to 
the TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 
the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 
modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

Convergence objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: stimulating investment for the rehabilitation of the 
physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brownfield sites and land..

Regional competitiveness and  
employment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: promoting the development of infra-
structure linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this contrib-
utes to sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Regional competitiveness and  
employment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and  
employment objective regions..

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-
lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 
railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 
railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-
proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 
cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-
ducive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, 
risk prevention and environmental protection activities ,with a clear trans-national di-
mension, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine 
resources, water services and wetlands; ; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promo-
tion of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and pro-
tection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 
the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-
opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 
employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-
tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Regional competitiveness and  
employment objective regions

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Could fund one-off sediment removal and deepening from a river delta area  

to enable long-term habitat restoration and ecotourism..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Large-scale tree planting of native species that have low fire risk..

for risk management..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Where there is existing transport infrastructure (eg roads, rail corridors)  

improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects  

(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund one-off sediment removal and deepening from a river delta area  

to enable long-term habitat restoration and ecotourism..

Could fund one-off restoration activity at a Natura 2000 site and/or surrounding areas  

to enable long-term habitat management and to contribute  

to sustainable tourism in the area..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Large-scale tree planting of native species that have low fire risk..

for risk management..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  

(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects 

(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund cross-border initiatives such as river-basin restoration including  

sediment removal, removal of large infrastructure such as dams..  

Could also include development of water quality schemes  

including treatment for industrial pollutants..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Where there is existing cross-border transport or telecommunications infrastructure  

(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects 

(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund transnational initiatives such as river-basin restoration including  

sediment removal, removal of large infrastructure such as dams..  

Could also include development of water quality schemes including  

treatment for industrial pollutants..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  

Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Within urban areas, could support redevelopment of Natura sites  

to promote local use and community development..

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

2(1)b

64

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport..

Convergence objective regions..

Construction of water treatment plant with result of improved water quality at Natura site..

 
Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive assist-
ance for the same purpose from, other Commu-
nity financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligible if 
meeting the LIFE+ eligibility criteria of article 3, 
measures of annex 1 and avoids to be a “recur-
ring” activity..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Research project could lead to development of more effective management  
measures for specific sites or biotypes..

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration) ..

Description

Area restriction

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Could fund one-off sediment removal and deepening from a river delta area  
to enable long-term habitat restoration and ecotourism..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Large-scale tree planting of native species that have low fire risk..

Where there is existing transport infrastructure (eg roads, rail corridors)  
improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects  
(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for risk management..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Could fund one-off sediment removal and deepening from a river delta area  
to enable long-term habitat restoration and ecotourism..

Could fund one-off restoration activity at a Natura 2000 site and/or surrounding areas  
to enable long-term habitat management and to contribute  
to sustainable tourism in the area..

Large-scale tree planting of native species that have low fire risk..

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  
(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects 
(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund cross-border initiatives such as river-basin restoration including  
sediment removal, removal of large infrastructure such as dams..  
Could also include development of water quality schemes  
including treatment for industrial pollutants..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Where there is existing cross-border transport or telecommunications infrastructure  
(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its fragmentation effects 
(eg through addition of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund transnational initiatives such as river-basin restoration including  
sediment removal, removal of large infrastructure such as dams..  
Could also include development of water quality schemes including  
treatment for industrial pollutants..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  
Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Within urban areas, could support redevelopment of Natura sites  
to promote local use and community development..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

Construction of water treatment plant with result of improved water quality at Natura site..

65

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(8)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

cope with natural and technological risks..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

Transport investments, including improvement of trans-European networks and links to 

Convergence objective regions..

the TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 

the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 

modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

5(2)a

Environment and risk prevention: stimulating investment for the rehabilitation of the 

Regional competitiveness and  

physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brownfield sites and land..

employment objective regions..

5(2)b

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: promoting the development of infra-

Regional competitiveness and  

structure linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 sites, where this contrib-

employment objective regions..

utes to sustainable economic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and  

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

employment objective regions..

5(3)a

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-

Regional competitiveness and  

lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 

employment objective regions

railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 

railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)d

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

ducive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

risk prevention and environmental protection activities ,with a clear trans-national di-

while one needs to be a member state 

mension, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine 

(Article 19(1))..

resources, water services and wetlands; ; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promo-

tion of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and pro-

tection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

8

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 

the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-

opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 

employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-

tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport..

 
acTiviTy 13: conservaTion managemenT – species

Fund

EAFRD

36(a)(i)

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 
areas..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50.. 

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. .. Refer to 

Payments to support continued farming that maintains open fields  

Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003.. This is a compensa-

which in turn enable breeding of alpine butterflies..

tion payment and no environmental compli-

ance criteria are attached other than those 

set out in the statutory management require-

ments (which include the Birds and Habitats 

Directives) and GAEC standards (which might 

include standards relating to a minimum level 

of maintenance) associated with Pillar 1 pay-

ments.. The only other requirements on recipi-

ents is to continue farming for at least 5 years.. 

Conservation management will therefore be 

dependent on the type of farming activity un-

dertaken by the farmer..

costs, maintenance costs for 5 years and pay-

ment for income foregone for up to 15 years.. 

Once afforested, land would presumably no 

longer be eligible for the Single Farm Pay-

ment.. Refer to Art 51 – recipient must respect 

cross compliance..

ing maintenance through an agri-environment 

scheme, for example.. There is a question as 

to whether agro-forestry systems would also 

be eligible for the Single Farm Payment.. For 

this purpose, Member States shall ensure the 

continuation of the agricultural use of the land 

(max.. number of trees planted per hectare…)

Refer to Art 45, support varies depending on 

land type and category of beneficiary..

respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 

incurred and income foregone..

36(a)(ii)

36(a)(iii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 
than mountain areas..

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-
tive 2000/60/EC..

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only..

Maintenance of pastures in flooded state to encourage wading birds..

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to mandatory actions 

No harvesting or mowing within a 50 m protected zone of nest; incentive  

and to UAA only..

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

for cutting non-grazed parts of grassland once a year..

Traditional animal species with low livestock loading promotion  

on permanent grasslands..

Artificial nests and nest boxes installation; Perching poles installation..

36(b)(i)

First afforestation of Agricultural land..

All possible..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Amounts payable depend on category of ben-

Replanting with native trees to restore lost forest ecosystems  

eficiary – refer to Art 43.. Covers establishment 

and eventually encourage return of rare species.. 

36(b)(ii)

First establishment of agro-forestry systems on Agri-
cultural land..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. 

Refer to Art 44.. Only covers establishment 

Could enable restoration of traditional agro-forestry systems  

costs.. Therefore there is a need to ensure ongo-

such as dehesa/montado in areas where these have been lost..

36(b)(iii)

First afforestation of non-Agricultural land..

All possible..

other terrestrial 
land

36(b)(iv)

Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

36(b)(vi)

36(b)(vii)

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-
tion actions..
Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

Private forest own-
ers and associations 
thereof..

Forests..

private forest own-
ers, municipalities

Forests..

All possible..

Forests..

All possible..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50.. Art 45 also re-
fers to abandoned farmland..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-
eas must be designated – re-
fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..
None..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

None..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Installation of nesting boxes for small forest mammals..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Retention of dying | old trees in selectively logged Forests..,  

respect cross compliance..

at a rate of 10% per hectare..

Refer to Art 48..

Prevention actions could include planting of native trees where these are fire-resistant..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  

to forest-environment payments..

Support establishment of small vegetated ponds in forest areas..

Refer to Art 57..

Restoration of local riverine species through removal of modifications  

to waterways, and restorative planting..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Management of species to facilitate objectives of local development plan eg reintroduction  

of water voles into river systems to fulfil objective of eco-tourism along rivers..

66

acTiviTy 13: conservaTion managemenT – species

Fund

EAFRD

36(a)(i)

areas..

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

refer to Art 50.. 

than mountain areas..

tive 2000/60/EC..

land]..

36(a)(iii)

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

agers..

agers..

36(b)(i)

First afforestation of Agricultural land..

All possible..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

refer to Art 50..

refer to Art 50..

refer to Art 50..

36(b)(ii)

First establishment of agro-forestry systems on Agri-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Eligibility varies depending 

cultural land..

on area: refer to article 42.. 

36(b)(iii)

First afforestation of non-Agricultural land..

All possible..

other terrestrial 

Areas must be designated – 

36(b)(iv)

Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

land

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers and associations 

thereof..

private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities

tion actions..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

63

Leader..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

refer to Art 50.. Art 45 also re-

fers to abandoned farmland..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-

eas must be designated – re-

fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

refer to Art 50..

None..

None..

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

36(a)(ii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only..

Maintenance of pastures in flooded state to encourage wading birds..

Payments to support continued farming that maintains open fields  
which in turn enable breeding of alpine butterflies..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. .. Refer to 
Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003.. This is a compensa-
tion payment and no environmental compli-
ance criteria are attached other than those 
set out in the statutory management require-
ments (which include the Birds and Habitats 
Directives) and GAEC standards (which might 
include standards relating to a minimum level 
of maintenance) associated with Pillar 1 pay-
ments.. The only other requirements on recipi-
ents is to continue farming for at least 5 years.. 
Conservation management will therefore be 
dependent on the type of farming activity un-
dertaken by the farmer..

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to mandatory actions 
and to UAA only..

No harvesting or mowing within a 50 m protected zone of nest; incentive  
for cutting non-grazed parts of grassland once a year..

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

Traditional animal species with low livestock loading promotion  
on permanent grasslands..

Artificial nests and nest boxes installation; Perching poles installation..

Amounts payable depend on category of ben-
eficiary – refer to Art 43.. Covers establishment 
costs, maintenance costs for 5 years and pay-
ment for income foregone for up to 15 years.. 
Once afforested, land would presumably no 
longer be eligible for the Single Farm Pay-
ment.. Refer to Art 51 – recipient must respect 
cross compliance..

Refer to Art 44.. Only covers establishment 
costs.. Therefore there is a need to ensure ongo-
ing maintenance through an agri-environment 
scheme, for example.. There is a question as 
to whether agro-forestry systems would also 
be eligible for the Single Farm Payment.. For 
this purpose, Member States shall ensure the 
continuation of the agricultural use of the land 
(max.. number of trees planted per hectare…)

Refer to Art 45, support varies depending on 
land type and category of beneficiary..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 
incurred and income foregone..

Replanting with native trees to restore lost forest ecosystems  
and eventually encourage return of rare species.. 

Could enable restoration of traditional agro-forestry systems  
such as dehesa/montado in areas where these have been lost..

Installation of nesting boxes for small forest mammals..

36(b)(vi)

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-

All possible..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 48..

Prevention actions could include planting of native trees where these are fire-resistant..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance..

Retention of dying | old trees in selectively logged Forests..,  
at a rate of 10% per hectare..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  
to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Support establishment of small vegetated ponds in forest areas..

Restoration of local riverine species through removal of modifications  
to waterways, and restorative planting..

Management of species to facilitate objectives of local development plan eg reintroduction  
of water voles into river systems to fulfil objective of eco-tourism along rivers..

67

None..

None..

Development of a small-scale employment programme for ex-fishers in relation to species 

management measures – eg tagging and releasing fish species to allow monitoring..

Retraining schemes aimed at teaching ex fishers skills in species management..

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  

Support for aquaculture techniques aimed at using local species..

[micro and small] enterprises..

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  

Support to maintain local historic fishponds which may be important  

[micro and small] enterprises..

for migrating birds and/or amphibians and reptiles..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for 

Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for 

Incentives for maintaining water levels to suit migratory/breeding bird species..

Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Could be used to contribute to sustainable management of marine  

mented with the active support of operators 

and freshwater species, eg enhancement of spawning grounds  

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

to improve stock numbers..

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

trade associations, or other bodies appointed 

for that purpose by the Member State..

trade associations, or other bodies appointed 

for that purpose by the Member State..

association or any other competent body  

designated for that purpose by the Member 

State, in partnership with a scientific  

or technical body..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Improvement of aquaculture sites by replanting of riverine vegetation eg reeds  

mented with the active support of operators 

and rushes to create new habitat for invertebrates, small mammals and reptiles..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Could be used to facilitate development of new species management measures assisted  

mented with the active support of operators 

by scientific input (in particular, this could apply to development of measures  

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

for management of marine species)..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 

Installation of ‘cages’ in order to protect fragile benthic species and habitats  

by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 

(eg sea grass beds, sea fans)..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 

Specific management actions affecting species that are commercially fished  

by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 

and also relevant to Natura – eg restoration of spawning grounds for salmon..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out  

Establishment of no-fishing zones within Natura 2000 sites to allow  

by an economic operator, a recognised trade 

monitoring of the effects of no fishing on habitats and species..

EFF

27(1)(a)

27(1)(c)

29(1)(b)

29(1)(c)

30(2)(a)

30(2)(d)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-
ing multiple jobs for fishers..

Fishermen..

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-
ing..

Fishermen..

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 
reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-
pact on the environment when compared with normal 
practice in the aquaculture sector..

SMEs..

Support for traditional aquaculture activities impor-
tant for preserving and developing both the economic 
and social fabric and the environment..

SMEs..

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones..

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

37(a)

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-
servation of resources..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

37(b)

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and re-
duction of by-catches..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

For example, promotion of use of gears that reduce bycatch..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 
facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 
fauna and flora..

Fishermen, others..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 
protection and enhancement of the environment in 
the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

Fishermen, others..

41(2)(b)

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on 
management plans and fishing effort allocation plans, 
including, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 
zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 
consequences and experimental restocking..

Fishermen, others.., 
SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

None..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Creation of jobs in species management (eg monitoring, protection  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

and breeding of freshwater fish such as salmon and sturgeon)..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

In principle ineligible except for the circum-

For example, reintroduction scheme for endemic crayfishes  

stances foreseen in article 5(5) and then only 

into river system being restored..

if such activities would meet the EU added 

value criteria of article 3 and the activities 

avoid to be “recurring”.. 

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research project could lead to development of more effective  

management measures for specific species..

LIFE+

3

FP7

2(1)(i) f

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-

pact on the environment when compared with normal 

practice in the aquaculture sector..

tant for preserving and developing both the economic 

and social fabric and the environment..

hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-

netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 

traditional features of aquaculture zones..

vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-

tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 

92/43/EEC..

servation of resources..

37(a)

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(b)

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and re-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

duction of by-catches..

land waters..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 

fauna and flora..

protection and enhancement of the environment in 

the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

management plans and fishing effort allocation plans, 

SMEs..

including, if necessary, the establishment of no-fishing 

zones, in order to evaluate the biological and financial 

consequences and experimental restocking..

41(2)(b)

Pilot projects: to enable tests to be carried out on 

Fishermen, others.., 

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+

3

FP7

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

EFF

ing..

27(1)(a)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-

Fishermen..

ing multiple jobs for fishers..

27(1)(c)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-

Fishermen..

None..

None..

29(1)(b)

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 

SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

None..

None..

Development of a small-scale employment programme for ex-fishers in relation to species 
management measures – eg tagging and releasing fish species to allow monitoring..

Retraining schemes aimed at teaching ex fishers skills in species management..

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  
[micro and small] enterprises..

Support for aquaculture techniques aimed at using local species..

29(1)(c)

Support for traditional aquaculture activities impor-

SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

29(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for  
[micro and small] enterprises..

Support to maintain local historic fishponds which may be important  
for migrating birds and/or amphibians and reptiles..

30(2)(a)

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for 
Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

30(2)(d)

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for 
Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Incentives for maintaining water levels to suit migratory/breeding bird species..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 
by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 
trade associations, or other bodies appointed 
for that purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 
by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 
trade associations, or other bodies appointed 
for that purpose by the Member State..

41(1) pilot projects to be carried out  
by an economic operator, a recognised trade 
association or any other competent body  
designated for that purpose by the Member 
State, in partnership with a scientific  
or technical body..
Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

In principle ineligible except for the circum-
stances foreseen in article 5(5) and then only 
if such activities would meet the EU added 
value criteria of article 3 and the activities 
avoid to be “recurring”.. 

Could be used to contribute to sustainable management of marine  
and freshwater species, eg enhancement of spawning grounds  
to improve stock numbers..

For example, promotion of use of gears that reduce bycatch..

Improvement of aquaculture sites by replanting of riverine vegetation eg reeds  
and rushes to create new habitat for invertebrates, small mammals and reptiles..

Could be used to facilitate development of new species management measures assisted  
by scientific input (in particular, this could apply to development of measures  
for management of marine species)..

Installation of ‘cages’ in order to protect fragile benthic species and habitats  
(eg sea grass beds, sea fans)..

Specific management actions affecting species that are commercially fished  
and also relevant to Natura – eg restoration of spawning grounds for salmon..

Establishment of no-fishing zones within Natura 2000 sites to allow  
monitoring of the effects of no fishing on habitats and species..

Creation of jobs in species management (eg monitoring, protection  
and breeding of freshwater fish such as salmon and sturgeon)..

For example, reintroduction scheme for endemic crayfishes  
into river system being restored..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Research project could lead to development of more effective  
management measures for specific species..

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 
TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 
the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 
modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-
lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 
railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 
railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-
proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 
cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 
the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-
opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 
employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-
tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Convergence objective regions..

Convergence objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Could fund one-off reintroduction of threatened species in the framework  

of future planned ecotourism linked to these species..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its effects  

on certain species affected by fragmentation (eg through addition  

of underpasses/overpasses)..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Could fund one-off cross-border reintroduction programme for threatened species..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  

of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its effects  

on certain species affected by fragmentation (eg through addition  

of underpasses/overpasses)..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  

Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Could fund measures in relation to ‘flagship’ species within or bordering urban areas,  

to foster community involvement in conservation.. Would need to be part  

of a broader initiative for regional branding..

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(8)

5(3)a

6(1)b

6(1)d

8

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

4(8)

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 

Convergence objective regions..

TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 

the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 

modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

5(3)a

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-

Regional competitiveness and employ-

lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 

ment objective regions..

railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 

railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)d

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

8

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 

the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-

opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 

employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-

tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Could fund one-off reintroduction of threatened species in the framework  
of future planned ecotourism linked to these species..

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  
(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its effects  
on certain species affected by fragmentation (eg through addition  
of underpasses/overpasses)..

Could fund one-off cross-border reintroduction programme for threatened species..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Where there is existing transport or telecommunications infrastructure  
(eg roads, rail corridors) improvements could be made to reduce its effects  
on certain species affected by fragmentation (eg through addition  
of underpasses/overpasses)..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  
Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Could fund measures in relation to ‘flagship’ species within or bordering urban areas,  
to foster community involvement in conservation.. Would need to be part  
of a broader initiative for regional branding..

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 14: conservaTion managemenT – invasive alien species

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Removal of invasive aquatic plants from waterways..

tive 2000/60/EC..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Farmers.., land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

Control of invasive plants (eg ragweed, giant hogweed) to prevent further spread..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers.., land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

Private forest own-
ers and associations 
thereof..

Forests..

Private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-
eas must be designated – re-
fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

36(b) 
(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

EFF

27(1)(c)

30(2)(a)

30 (2)(d)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-
ing..

forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones;

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 
facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 
fauna and flora..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawning 
grounds and migration routes for migratory species..

Fishermen, others..

inland waters

None..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 
protection and enhancement of the environment in 
the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

44(1)(c)

44(1)(f )

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Protecting the environment in fisheries areas to main-
tain its attractiveness, regenerating and developing 
coastal hamlets and villages with fisheries activities 
and protecting and enhancing the natural and archi-
tectural heritage..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

72

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

respect cross compliance..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  

to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Control, eradication or prevention of spread of invasive forest pests  

respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 

(eg wood boring beetles)..

incurred and income foregone..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Removal of invasive plant species that degrade native plants and forest structure..

Introduction of forest pest prevention and detection scheme  

(eg monitoring system using moth traps).. 

Removal of invasive aquatic plants from waterways in the context  

of broader environmental restoration programmes..

Management of invasive species to facilitate objectives of local development plan  

eg removal of invasive aquatic plants and fish from river systems to fulfil objective  

of eco-tourism (focussed on native wildlife) along rivers..

None..

Retraining in habitat restoration/as rangers to work on Natura sites,  

including invasive species management..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

Funding for aquaculture that includes maintenance of native emergent  

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

vegetation at fishponds, and control of invasive plant species..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

Compensation for Farmers.. for additional costs due to restrictions..

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Funding for removal of invasive aquatic plants from aquaculture ponds.. 

Improvement of aquaculture sites, including the reduction of environmental impacts..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Promotion of partnerships between scientists and operators in relation to research  

mented with the active support of operators 

on prevention of spread, and/or removal and control of invasive species..

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 

trade associations, or other bodies appointed 

for that purpose by the Member State..

by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 

trade associations, or other bodies appointed 

for that purpose by the Member State..

by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 

trade associations, or other bodies appointed 

for that purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 

Construction of artificial reefs..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 

Rehabilitation of inland waters, including obstacles to fish migrations..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 

Improvement of Natura in marine areas..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Diversify employment through the creation of jobs in reserve management,  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

including control of IAS..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Protection and enhancement of the environment through control of IAS, eg restoration  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

of coastal dunes through removal of invasive plants, restoration of aquatic ecosystems 

through removal of invasive species..

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 14: conservaTion managemenT – invasive alien species

Fund

Description

EAFRD

tive 2000/60/EC..

land]..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

refer to Art 50..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

agers..

agers..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers and associations 

thereof..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-

eas must be designated – re-

fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

None..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

36(b) 

(vii)

EFF

63

Leader..

27(1)(c)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-

Fishermen..

ing..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

30(2)(a)

forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-

netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 

traditional features of aquaculture zones;

vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-

tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 

92/43/EEC..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

38(2)(a)

The construction or installation of static or moveable 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

facilities intended to protect and develop aquatic 

fauna and flora..

land waters, wet-

lands..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawning 

Fishermen, others..

inland waters

None..

grounds and migration routes for migratory species..

38(2)(c) Where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

protection and enhancement of the environment in 

the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

land waters, wet-

lands..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(f )

Protecting the environment in fisheries areas to main-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

tain its attractiveness, regenerating and developing 

SMEs, others..

coastal hamlets and villages with fisheries activities 

and protecting and enhancing the natural and archi-

tectural heritage..

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Removal of invasive aquatic plants from waterways..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 
incurred and income foregone..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance..

Control of invasive plants (eg ragweed, giant hogweed) to prevent further spread..

Control, eradication or prevention of spread of invasive forest pests  
(eg wood boring beetles)..

Removal of invasive plant species that degrade native plants and forest structure..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  
to forest-environment payments..

Introduction of forest pest prevention and detection scheme  
(eg monitoring system using moth traps).. 

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

None..

Removal of invasive aquatic plants from waterways in the context  
of broader environmental restoration programmes..

Management of invasive species to facilitate objectives of local development plan  
eg removal of invasive aquatic plants and fish from river systems to fulfil objective  
of eco-tourism (focussed on native wildlife) along rivers..

Retraining in habitat restoration/as rangers to work on Natura sites,  
including invasive species management..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Funding for aquaculture that includes maintenance of native emergent  
vegetation at fishponds, and control of invasive plant species..

30 (2)(d)

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Compensation for Farmers.. for additional costs due to restrictions..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 
by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 
trade associations, or other bodies appointed 
for that purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 
by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 
trade associations, or other bodies appointed 
for that purpose by the Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented 
by public or semi-public bodies, recognised 
trade associations, or other bodies appointed 
for that purpose by the Member State..
Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Funding for removal of invasive aquatic plants from aquaculture ponds.. 
Improvement of aquaculture sites, including the reduction of environmental impacts..

Promotion of partnerships between scientists and operators in relation to research  
on prevention of spread, and/or removal and control of invasive species..

Construction of artificial reefs..

Rehabilitation of inland waters, including obstacles to fish migrations..

Improvement of Natura in marine areas..

Diversify employment through the creation of jobs in reserve management,  
including control of IAS..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Protection and enhancement of the environment through control of IAS, eg restoration  
of coastal dunes through removal of invasive plants, restoration of aquatic ecosystems 
through removal of invasive species..

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Ineligible in its own right but may be partly el-

igible if forms a part of a conservation project 

set out at points 12 or 13 and meets the LIFE+ 

eligibility criteria of article 3 and avoids to be 

a “recurring” activity..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Development of new measures for control/management/eradication of IAS,  

especially in relation to Natura 2000 sites..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air trans-
port)..

All possible, how-
ever ..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-

Development of new measures for preventing spread of IAS through transport networks..

ment of transportation infrastructure  

to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Convergence objective regions..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 
TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 
the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 
modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

Convergence objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-
lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 
railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 
railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-
proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 
cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 
the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-
opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 
employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-
tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Could be used to fund a one-off eradication or control programme for an IAS  

with significant negative economic/social/environmental effects..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Development of IAS risk management plans for all Natura sites within a region  

for IAS risk management..

(as part of wider regional risk management)..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg  

of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 

early detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

IAS effect to Natura sites..

Context: developing plans and measures  

Development of IAS risk management plans for all Natura sites within a region  

for IAS risk management..

(as part of wider regional risk management)..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg early  

of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 

detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

IAS effect to Natura sites..

Could fund cross-border programmes for control or eradication of IAS,  

including development of measures to prevent spread..

Context: adaptation/improvement  

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg early  

of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 

cross-border detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

IAS effect to Natura sites..

Could fund transnational programmes for control or eradication of IAS,  

including development of measures to prevent spread..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  

Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Within urban areas, could support redevelopment of Natura sites (including eradication of IAS) 

to promote local use and community development..

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(8)

5(2)e

5(3)a

6(1)b

6(1)d

6(2)b

8

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

4(8)

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

port)..

Description

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

cope with natural and technological risks..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 

Convergence objective regions..

TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 

the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 

modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

5(3)a

Transport and telecommunication services of general economic interest, and in particu-

Regional competitiveness and employ-

lar strengthening secondary networks by improving links to TEN-T networks, regional 

ment objective regions..

railway hubs, airports and ports or multimodal platforms, providing radial links to main 

railway lines and promoting regional and local inland waterways and short-sea shipping..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)d

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: reducing isolation through im-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

proved access to transport, information and communication networks and services, and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

cross-border water, waste and energy systems and facilities..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

8

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 

the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-

opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 

employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popula-

tion taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Ineligible in its own right but may be partly el-
igible if forms a part of a conservation project 
set out at points 12 or 13 and meets the LIFE+ 
eligibility criteria of article 3 and avoids to be 
a “recurring” activity..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Development of new measures for control/management/eradication of IAS,  
especially in relation to Natura 2000 sites..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air trans-

All possible, how-

Transnational cooperation..

ever ..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-
ment of transportation infrastructure  
to mitigate effect to Natura sites..

Development of new measures for preventing spread of IAS through transport networks..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Could be used to fund a one-off eradication or control programme for an IAS  
with significant negative economic/social/environmental effects..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for IAS risk management..

Development of IAS risk management plans for all Natura sites within a region  
(as part of wider regional risk management)..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 
IAS effect to Natura sites..

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg  
early detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

Context: developing plans and measures  
for IAS risk management..

Development of IAS risk management plans for all Natura sites within a region  
(as part of wider regional risk management)..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 
IAS effect to Natura sites..

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg early  
detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

Could fund cross-border programmes for control or eradication of IAS,  
including development of measures to prevent spread..

Context: adaptation/improvement  
of transportation infrastructure to mitigate 
IAS effect to Natura sites..

Establishment of regional monitoring/management systems for IAS eg early  
cross-border detection systems at ports, along transport corridors, at airports..

Could fund transnational programmes for control or eradication of IAS,  
including development of measures to prevent spread..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  
Context: historical/cultural heritage..

Within urban areas, could support redevelopment of Natura sites (including eradication of IAS) 
to promote local use and community development..

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 15: implemenTaTion of managemenT schemes and agreemenTs

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

36(a)(i)

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 
areas..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated  – 
refer to Art 50.. 

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. .. Refer to Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003..This 

Payments to maintain traditional farming practices that lead 

is a compensation payment and no environmental compliance criteria are at-

to the ongoing persistence of alpine meadows..

tached other than those set out in the statutory management requirements 

(which include the Birds and Habitats Directives) and GAEC standards (which 

might include standards relating to a minimum level of maintenance) associ-

ated with Pillar 1 payments.. The only other requirements on recipients is to 

continue farming for at least 5 years.. Conservation management will therefore 

be dependent on the type of farming activity undertaken by the farmer..

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only..

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Refer to Art 39..

Support for maintenance of traditional farming practices that 

lead to the maintenance of lowland water meadows,  

eg, through grazing of cattle..

Payments to allow keeping of mountain dogs  

to guard stock against large predators..

Maintaining native plant species that are of food value  

to native wildlife, especially in buffer zone  

around Natura site..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must respect cross compliance.. A pay-

Payments relating to retention of dead trees in Forests..,  

ment for costs incurred and income foregone..

both on the ground, and standing – compensation  

for lost revenue..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must respect cross compliance..

Enhancing forest habitats by planting understorey 

 species, or reintroducing forest floor species..

Ongoing management to facilitate objectives of local  

development plan, eg development and sale  

of wildlife-friendly products..

28(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for [micro and small] enterprises..

Restore abandoned fish ponds.. 

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Aquaculture areas only..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Limit removal of trees/shrubs except where necessary  

Introduction of temporal and/or spatial restrictions  

on changes to water levels.. Payments can compensate  

for economic losses due to prolonged drainage or flooding..

for infrastructure maintenance; temporal restrictions  

on essential cutting..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-

Set minimum conditions for maintenance and management 

erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 

of emergent vegetation and other related features..

organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-

Promotion of use of certain gears within Natura 2000 sites, 

erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 

through provision of economic incentives..

organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-

Ongoing programme of gear removal within Natura 2000 

erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 

sites – eg removal of lost lobster pots..

organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-

Restoration or new creation of emergent vegetation..

erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 

organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public or semi-public bodies, 

recognised trade associations, or other bodies appointed for that purpose by 

the Member State..

36(a)(ii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 
than mountain areas..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

tive 2000/60/EC..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

63

Leader..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

Private forest own-
ers and associations 
thereof..

Forests..

Private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-
eas must be designated – re-
fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

29(1)(b)

30(2)(a)

30(2)(d)

37(a)

37(b)

37(c)

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 
reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-
pact on the environment when compared with normal 
practice in the aquaculture sector..

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones..

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC..

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-
servation of resources..

SMEs..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Fishermen, others..

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and reduc-
tion of by-catches..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

coastal, marine, in-
land waters

None..

None..

None..

None..

None..

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 
combat ghost fishing..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters

None..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawning 
grounds and migration routes for migratory species..

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 15: implemenTaTion of managemenT schemes and agreemenTs

Fund

Description

EAFRD

areas..

36(a)(i)

Natural handicap payments to Farmers.. in mountain 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated  – 

refer to Art 50.. 

refer to Art 50..

refer to Art 50..

agers..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers and associations 

thereof..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-

eas must be designated – re-

fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

than mountain areas..

tive 2000/60/EC..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

63

Leader..

EFF

reducing negative impact or enhancing positive im-

pact on the environment when compared with normal 

practice in the aquaculture sector..

hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-

netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 

traditional features of aquaculture zones..

vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-

tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters

land waters

land waters, wet-

lands..

37(a)

Contribute sustainably to better management or con-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(b)

Promote selective fishing methods or gears and reduc-

Fishermen, others..

coastal, marine, in-

None..

37(c)

Remove lost fishing gears from the sea bed in order to 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

92/43/EEC..

servation of resources..

tion of by-catches..

combat ghost fishing..

37(g)

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawning 

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

grounds and migration routes for migratory species..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only.. .. Refer to Art 51 on Reg.. 1782/2003..This 
is a compensation payment and no environmental compliance criteria are at-
tached other than those set out in the statutory management requirements 
(which include the Birds and Habitats Directives) and GAEC standards (which 
might include standards relating to a minimum level of maintenance) associ-
ated with Pillar 1 payments.. The only other requirements on recipients is to 
continue farming for at least 5 years.. Conservation management will therefore 
be dependent on the type of farming activity undertaken by the farmer..

Payments to maintain traditional farming practices that lead 
to the ongoing persistence of alpine meadows..

36(a)(ii)

Payments to Farmers.. in areas with handicaps other 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 37.. Applies to UAA only..

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 39..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must respect cross compliance..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must respect cross compliance.. A pay-
ment for costs incurred and income foregone..

Support for maintenance of traditional farming practices that 
lead to the maintenance of lowland water meadows,  
eg, through grazing of cattle..

Payments to allow keeping of mountain dogs  
to guard stock against large predators..

Maintaining native plant species that are of food value  
to native wildlife, especially in buffer zone  
around Natura site..

Payments relating to retention of dead trees in Forests..,  
both on the ground, and standing – compensation  
for lost revenue..

Enhancing forest habitats by planting understorey 
 species, or reintroducing forest floor species..

Ongoing management to facilitate objectives of local  
development plan, eg development and sale  
of wildlife-friendly products..

29(1)(b)

Implementation of aquaculture methods substantially 

SMEs..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

28(2) Investment aid shall be reserved for [micro and small] enterprises..

Restore abandoned fish ponds.. 

30(2)(a)

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only..

30(2)(d)

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

Aquaculture areas only, can compensate for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-
erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 
organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-
erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 
organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-
erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 
organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with the active support of op-
erators themselves or by organisations acting on behalf of producers or other 
organisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public or semi-public bodies, 
recognised trade associations, or other bodies appointed for that purpose by 
the Member State..

Introduction of temporal and/or spatial restrictions  
on changes to water levels.. Payments can compensate  
for economic losses due to prolonged drainage or flooding..

Limit removal of trees/shrubs except where necessary  
for infrastructure maintenance; temporal restrictions  
on essential cutting..

Set minimum conditions for maintenance and management 
of emergent vegetation and other related features..

Promotion of use of certain gears within Natura 2000 sites, 
through provision of economic incentives..

Ongoing programme of gear removal within Natura 2000 
sites – eg removal of lost lobster pots..

Restoration or new creation of emergent vegetation..

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 
conservation and sustainable management of natural 
and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-
ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 
(eg environmental restoration)..

Fund

ERDF

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Could fund research on effectiveness of management  

agreements with land/resource owners, and how these  

could be improved in future..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

2(1)(i) f

Environment, eg climate change, pollution and risks; 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Could fund research on effectiveness of management  
agreements with land/resource owners, and how these  
could be improved in future..

conservation and sustainable management of natural 

and man-made resources (eg protection and manage-

ment of biodiversity); environment and technologies 

(eg environmental restoration)..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

FP7

Description

Fund

ERDF

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Compensation for loss of income due to reduced use of fertilisers and pesticides,  

assistance with marketing Natura-friendly products and services..

Compensation for loss of income related to maintaining wildlife friendly  

vegetation in Natura buffer zone, eg food plants for wildlife..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Compensation payments for maintaining open areas in Forests.., or managing  

respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 

invasive species that lead to a closed canopy and ecosystem changes..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 

Compensation payments for maintaining a certain amount of dead wood in Forests....

incurred and income foregone..

respect cross compliance..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

Limit stocking densities, set a rotation in which a proportion of fish ponds must be  

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

used extensively for a given period (eg 2 years)..

aquaculture areas only, can compensate  

Define optimum structure and composition of fish populations..

for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

acTiviTy 16: provision of services, compensaTion  
for righTs foregone and loss of income

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 39..

tive 2000/60/EC..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

63

Leader..

Farmers.., land man-
agers..

private forest own-
ers and associations 
thereof..

Forests..

private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-
eas must be designated – re-
fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 42..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas

None..

Compensation for rights foregone in order to fulfil objectives of and monitor  

progress with local development plan..

EFF

30(2)(a)

30(2)(d)

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-
hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-
netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 
traditional features of aquaculture zones..

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-
vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-
tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 
92/43/EEC..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Fund

ERDF

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 16: provision of services, compensaTion  

for righTs foregone and loss of income

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

36(a)(iii) Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

36(a)(iv) Agri-environment payments..

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 46 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance.. A payment for costs 
incurred and income foregone..

Refer to Art 47 and to Art 51 – recipient must 
respect cross compliance..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

agers..

thereof..

private forest own-

Forests..

ers and associations 

private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas

refer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42.. Ar-

eas must be designated – re-

fer to Art 50..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 42..

Compensation for loss of income due to reduced use of fertilisers and pesticides,  
assistance with marketing Natura-friendly products and services..

Compensation for loss of income related to maintaining wildlife friendly  
vegetation in Natura buffer zone, eg food plants for wildlife..

Compensation payments for maintaining open areas in Forests.., or managing  
invasive species that lead to a closed canopy and ecosystem changes..

Compensation payments for maintaining a certain amount of dead wood in Forests....

Compensation for rights foregone in order to fulfil objectives of and monitor  
progress with local development plan..

30(2)(a)

Forms of aquaculture comprising protection and en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

30(2)(d)

Sustainable aquaculture compatible with specific en-

Fishermen..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

hancement of the environment, natural resources, ge-

netic diversity, and management of the landscape and 

traditional features of aquaculture zones..

vironmental constraints resulting from the designa-

tion of Natura 2000 areas in accordance with Directive 

92/43/EEC..

land waters, wet-

lands..

land waters, wet-

lands..

aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Limit stocking densities, set a rotation in which a proportion of fish ponds must be  
used extensively for a given period (eg 2 years)..

aquaculture areas only, can compensate  
for Natura location – see 30(4)(d)..

Define optimum structure and composition of fish populations..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Fund

Description

EAFRD

tive 2000/60/EC..

36(b)(iv) Natura 2000 payments [Forests]..

36(b)(v)

Forest-environment payments..

Leader..

63

EFF

LIFE+

FP7

Fund

ERDF

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Refer to Art 59..

Undertake a baselining study in order to help determine and then  

the implement local development strategy..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Projects could be developed that include a biodiversity monitoring component alongside  

the rest of project activity.. Development of monitoring systems for biodiversity in order  

to fulfil objectives of and monitor progress with local development plan..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Research into monitoring methods for aquatic species, carried out through  

mented with the active support of operators 

cooperation between fishers and scientists (eg tag and release programmes)..

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 

article 3, is in line with measures of annex 1 

and avoids being a “recurring” activity..

Context: financing the development of moni-

Could support development of monitoring plans for sites within the broader context  

toring activities/methods/equipment..

of regional environmental monitoring eg to report progress in relation to indicators  

for progress to meeting the 2010 goal of halting biodiversity loss..

Context: financing the development  

Development of plans to cope with risks such as oil or chemical spills  

of monitoring activities/methods/equipment 

that could affect Natura sites..

(risk management)..

Context: financing the development  

Could include investments in monitoring infrastructure eg remote sensing equipment  

of monitoring activities/methods/equipment..

such as fixed towers for radio telemetry, development of a database for data storage..

Context: financing the development  

Development of plans to cope with risks such as oil or chemical spills that  

of monitoring activities/methods/equipment 

could affect Natura sites..

(risk management)..

Context: developing monitoring  

and surveying strategies/methods..

Development of cross-border (Article 6(1)b) or transnational (Article 6(2)b) monitoring plans 

and systems in relation to Natura 2000 eg monitoring strategies for pollution/nutrification  

of waterways or coastal areas.. 

acTiviTy 17: moniToring and surveying

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

37(j)

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-
tors in the fisheries sector..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration).. 

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research into developing new monitoring and surveying methods..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Convergence objective regions..

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks

Convergence objective regions..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-
nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 
prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-
sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-
sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 
of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-
tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(5)

5(2)b

5(2)e

6(1)b

6(2)b

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 17: moniToring and surveying

Fund

Description

EAFRD

strategy..

Leader

63

EFF

37(j)

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Promote partnerships between scientists and opera-

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

tors in the fisheries sector..

land waters, wet-

lands..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration).. 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Undertake a baselining study in order to help determine and then  
the implement local development strategy..

Projects could be developed that include a biodiversity monitoring component alongside  
the rest of project activity.. Development of monitoring systems for biodiversity in order  
to fulfil objectives of and monitor progress with local development plan..

Research into monitoring methods for aquatic species, carried out through  
cooperation between fishers and scientists (eg tag and release programmes)..

Refer to Art 59..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 
article 3, is in line with measures of annex 1 
and avoids being a “recurring” activity..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research into developing new monitoring and surveying methods..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

4(5)

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

cope with natural and technological risks

Context: financing the development of moni-
toring activities/methods/equipment..

Could support development of monitoring plans for sites within the broader context  
of regional environmental monitoring eg to report progress in relation to indicators  
for progress to meeting the 2010 goal of halting biodiversity loss..

Context: financing the development  
of monitoring activities/methods/equipment 
(risk management)..

Development of plans to cope with risks such as oil or chemical spills  
that could affect Natura sites..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-

ment objective regions..

Context: financing the development  
of monitoring activities/methods/equipment..

Could include investments in monitoring infrastructure eg remote sensing equipment  
such as fixed towers for radio telemetry, development of a database for data storage..

Context: financing the development  
of monitoring activities/methods/equipment 
(risk management)..

Context: developing monitoring  
and surveying strategies/methods..

Development of plans to cope with risks such as oil or chemical spills that  
could affect Natura sites..

Development of cross-border (Article 6(1)b) or transnational (Article 6(2)b) monitoring plans 
and systems in relation to Natura 2000 eg monitoring strategies for pollution/nutrification  
of waterways or coastal areas.. 

nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, risk 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

prevention and environmental protection activities, with a clear trans-national dimen-

while one needs to be a member state 

sion, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine re-

(Article 19(1))..

sources, water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion 

of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protec-

tion and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-
eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 
prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2).. 

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-
rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-
ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 
studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 
Community..

Area restrictions

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))

Context: data collection and  

monitoring trends..

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Cooperation programme to facilitate interregional regional networking in relation  

to development of regional monitoring or surveying plans and activities..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training

Capacity building at public institutions in relation to monitoring and surveying –  

eg development of monitoring plans through interdepartmental processes..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Capacity building for public institutions in relation to carrying out monitoring  

Convergence objective regions..

and surveying of Natura 2000 sites..

Developing a regional environmental monitoring/surveying plan, including  

monitoring of Natura 2000 sites.. As part of broader regional sustainability plans..

Fund

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

ESF

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

2(1)b

84

 
 
 
 
Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Cooperation programme to facilitate interregional regional networking in relation  
to development of regional monitoring or surveying plans and activities..

6(3)c

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 

European territorial cooperation objec-

studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

Context: data collection and  
monitoring trends..

Community..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Capacity building at public institutions in relation to monitoring and surveying –  
eg development of monitoring plans through interdepartmental processes..

Capacity building for public institutions in relation to carrying out monitoring  
and surveying of Natura 2000 sites..

Developing a regional environmental monitoring/surveying plan, including  
monitoring of Natura 2000 sites.. As part of broader regional sustainability plans..

Fund

6(3)a

Description

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-

European territorial cooperation objec-

eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2).. 

6(3)b

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-

European territorial cooperation objec-

rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

2(1)b

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport..

85

 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 18: risK managemenT

Fund

EAFRD

20(b)(ii)

20(b)(vi)

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Improving the economic value of Forests..

Restoring agricultural production potential damaged 
by natural disasters and introducing appropriate pre-
vention actions..

Private forest own-
ers, municipalities..

Forests..

Eligibility varies depending 
on area: refer to article 27..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(iii)

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-
tive 2000/60/EC..

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(vi)

36(b)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers.., land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-
tion actions..

All possible..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 
refer to Art 50..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

Leader..

63

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

None..

Refer to Art 27 for details of restrictions..

None..

Improving economic value through better risk management – achieved 

through planting of native trees with higher fire resistance – eg evergreen oaks..

Introducing of prevention actions for floods through wetland  

restoration and management..

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Payments to compensate for using a water management regime  

that reduces flood risk at Natura sites..

Agri-environment payments to encourage transhumance or grazing under  

forest, reducing fire risk by reducing build-up of dried understorey vegetation..

Support for investments in wetland restoration to combat flood risk..

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

Refer to Art 48..

payments..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment  

Development of biodiversity-friendly risk management systems in order  

to fulfil objectives of and monitor progress with local development plan..

LIFE+

3

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the eligi-

bility criteria of, or receive assistance for the same purpose 

from, other Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eli-

gible if meeting the added value criteria of article 3, avoids to 

be a “recurring” activity and is a part of a conservation man-

agement project for habitats or species..

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution 
and risks; conservation and sustainable management 
of natural and man-made resources (eg protection 
and management of biodiversity); environment and 
technologies (eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research into novel and improved risk management plans, methods  

and measures, especially in relation to the requirements  

of Natura 2000 areas..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air 
transport)..

All possible, how-
ever..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research on adaptation/improvement of transporta-

Research into methods to reduce the risks of transport to the environment,  

tion infrastructure to mitigate risks to Natura sites..

especially to Natura 2000 sites (eg reducing risk of spreading IAS)..

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 18: risK managemenT

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Improving the economic value of Forests..

Private forest own-

Forests..

ers, municipalities..

Eligibility varies depending 

on area: refer to article 27..

Refer to Art 27 for details of restrictions..

20(b)(vi)

Restoring agricultural production potential damaged 

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

None..

None..

by natural disasters and introducing appropriate pre-

36(a)(iii)

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Direc-

Farmers..

Agricultural land..

Areas must be designated – 

Refer to Art 38.. Applies to UAA only..

Refer to Art 39..

Refer to Art 41..

Refer to Art 48..

Improving economic value through better risk management – achieved 
through planting of native trees with higher fire resistance – eg evergreen oaks..

Introducing of prevention actions for floods through wetland  
restoration and management..

Payments to compensate for using a water management regime  
that reduces flood risk at Natura sites..

Agri-environment payments to encourage transhumance or grazing under  
forest, reducing fire risk by reducing build-up of dried understorey vegetation..

Support for investments in wetland restoration to combat flood risk..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment  
payments..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Development of biodiversity-friendly risk management systems in order  
to fulfil objectives of and monitor progress with local development plan..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the eligi-
bility criteria of, or receive assistance for the same purpose 
from, other Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eli-
gible if meeting the added value criteria of article 3, avoids to 
be a “recurring” activity and is a part of a conservation man-
agement project for habitats or species..

vention actions..

tive 2000/60/EC..

land]..

tion actions..

Leader..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Fund

EAFRD

20(b)(ii)

63

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

36(a)(iv)

Agri-environment payments..

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

agers..

agers..

36(b)(vi)

Restoring forestry potential and introducing preven-

All possible..

Forests..

Areas must be designated – 

refer to Art 50..

refer to Art 50..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

None..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Research into novel and improved risk management plans, methods  
and measures, especially in relation to the requirements  
of Natura 2000 areas..

and risks; conservation and sustainable management 

of natural and man-made resources (eg protection 

and management of biodiversity); environment and 

technologies (eg environmental restoration)..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air 

All possible, how-

Transnational cooperation..

ever..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

transport)..

Context: research on adaptation/improvement of transporta-
tion infrastructure to mitigate risks to Natura sites..

Research into methods to reduce the risks of transport to the environment,  
especially to Natura 2000 sites (eg reducing risk of spreading IAS)..

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 
cope with natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Could provide assistance for development of plans and measures to avoid risks 

to sites such as wildfire, shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 
TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 
the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 
modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the reha-
bilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brown-
field sites and land..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-
nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: adaptation/improvement of transportation  

Could be used specifically to develop plans in relation to transport risks  

infrastructure to limit risks to Natura sites..

(such as pollution of inland waters, oil spills, introduction of IAS etc)..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 
with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks.. 

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-
ducive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following 
priority areas: environment: water management, energy efficiency, risk prevention and 
environmental protection activities with a clear transnational dimension.. Actions may 
include: protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine resources, 
water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion of mari-
time security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protection and 
enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic development and 
sustainable tourism..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation ob-
jective – transnational cooperation.. At 
least two countries shall act as benefici-
aries, while one needs to be a member 
state (Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation ob-
jective – transnational cooperation.. At 
least two countries shall act as benefici-
aries, while one needs to be a member 
state (Article 19(1))..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Capacity building at public institutions in relation to developing  

risk management plans..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Convergence objective regions..

Capacity building for public institutions in relation to carrying out  

regional risk management activities..

Development of regional capacity for rapid response to environmental hazards 

affecting Natura 2000 sites eg chemical spills, floods, forest fires, avalanche etc..

Could fund a habitat restoration activity that would both improve the quality  

of Natura 2000 site(s) and support sustainable development in the area..

Development of infrastructure for risk management – eg for vessel cleaning  

in relation to removal of IAS; for rapid response to chemical  

or oil spills or wild fires..

Could provide assistance for development of plans and measures to avoid  

risks to sites such as wildfire, shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

Could provide assistance for development of cross-border plans and measures 

to avoid risks to sites such as wildfires and erosion, etc..

Could provide assistance for development of transnational plans  

and measures to avoid shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage..

Could provide assistance for development of transnational plans  

and measures to avoid environmental risks posed by urban development,  

eg on Natura 2000 sites at the vicinity of urban centres..

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

4(8)

5(2)a

5(2)b

5(2)e

6(1)b

6(2)b

6(2)d

ESF

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

2(1)b

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: adaptation/improvement of transportation  
infrastructure to limit risks to Natura sites..

Could be used specifically to develop plans in relation to transport risks  
(such as pollution of inland waters, oil spills, introduction of IAS etc)..

Could provide assistance for development of plans and measures to avoid risks 
to sites such as wildfire, shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

Could fund a habitat restoration activity that would both improve the quality  
of Natura 2000 site(s) and support sustainable development in the area..

Development of infrastructure for risk management – eg for vessel cleaning  
in relation to removal of IAS; for rapid response to chemical  
or oil spills or wild fires..

Could provide assistance for development of plans and measures to avoid  
risks to sites such as wildfire, shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

Could provide assistance for development of cross-border plans and measures 
to avoid risks to sites such as wildfires and erosion, etc..

Could provide assistance for development of transnational plans  
and measures to avoid shipping risks such as oil spills, etc..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation ob-

Context: urban dimensions, cultural heritage..

Could provide assistance for development of transnational plans  
and measures to avoid environmental risks posed by urban development,  
eg on Natura 2000 sites at the vicinity of urban centres..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Capacity building at public institutions in relation to developing  
risk management plans..

Capacity building for public institutions in relation to carrying out  
regional risk management activities..

Development of regional capacity for rapid response to environmental hazards 
affecting Natura 2000 sites eg chemical spills, floods, forest fires, avalanche etc..

Description

Fund

ERDF

4(5)

Prevention of risks, including development and implementation of plans to prevent and 

Convergence objective regions..

cope with natural and technological risks..

4(8)

Transport investments, including improving trans-European networks and links to the 

Convergence objective regions..

TEN-T network; integrated strategies for clean transport which contribute to improving 

the access to and quality of passenger and goods services, to achieving a more balanced 

modal split, to promoting intermodal systems and to reducing environmental impacts..

5(2)a

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the reha-

Regional competitiveness and employ-

bilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and brown-

ment objective regions..

field sites and land..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-

ment objective regions..

nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)e

Environment and risk prevention: developing plans and measures to prevent and cope 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

with natural (e..g.. desertification, droughts, fires and floods) and technological risks..

ment objective regions..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks.. 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation ob-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-

jective – transnational cooperation.. At 

ducive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following 

least two countries shall act as benefici-

priority areas: environment: water management, energy efficiency, risk prevention and 

aries, while one needs to be a member 

environmental protection activities with a clear transnational dimension.. Actions may 

state (Article 19(1))..

include: protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine resources, 

water services and wetlands; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promotion of mari-

time security and protection against natural and technological risks; and protection and 

enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic development and 

sustainable tourism..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

jective – transnational cooperation.. At 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

least two countries shall act as benefici-

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

aries, while one needs to be a member 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

state (Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

2(1)b

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport..

89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 19: (ongoing) surveillance of siTes

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

63

EFF

Leader..

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

Unlikely to be applicable..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration) ..

Fund

ERDF

Description

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Ongoing surveillance at sites as necessary to fulfil objectives of and monitor  

progress with local development plan..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research/as a part of a research 

Research project could include ongoing surveillance at sites over a set period,  

project..

depending on aims.. 

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 19: (ongoing) surveillance of siTes

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Ongoing surveillance at sites as necessary to fulfil objectives of and monitor  
progress with local development plan..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Context: research/as a part of a research 
project..

Research project could include ongoing surveillance at sites over a set period,  
depending on aims.. 

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration) ..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Funding not available for continuous activities..

Leader..

EAFRD

63

EFF

LIFE+

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Fund

ERDF

ESF

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Unlikely to be applicable..

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 20: provision of informaTion and publiciTy maTerial

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

Vocational training and information actions, including 
diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-
tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 
forestry sectors..

Farmers, foresters..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 

Production of training materials for Farmers.. and foresters, describing  

which form part of normal programmes or 

bear-friendly farming and forestry methods..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible

None..

None..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

37(i)

44(1)(b)

44(1)(c)

44(1)(h)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools..

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort..

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Promoting inter-regional and trans-national coopera-
tion among actors in fisheries areas, mainly through 
networking and disseminating best practice..

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-
plementation of the local development strategy..

public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Preparation of information to feed into the local development strategy..

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 
risks; conservation and sustainable management of 
natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 
management of biodiversity); environment and tech-
nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Research projects could result in development of information materials, and design of new 

and more effective communication methods (eg interactive fora for education)..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air trans-
port)..

All possible, how-
ever..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-

Research project could result in development of information on greener transport networks, 

ment of transportation infrastructure to miti-

including links to the Natura 2000 network..

gate risks to Natura sites..

systems of agricultural and forestry education 

at secondary or higher levels..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Art 59..

Natura 2000 sites could be promoted through tourism marketing brochures.. 

Provision of training materials for skills acquisition.. 

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Develop any information necessary for realisation of the local development  

strategy (eg regional promotion in relation to Natura 2000)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Developing training materials for fishers in relation to Natura 2000..

mented with the active support of operators 

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Promoting and developing environmentally friendly products linked to Natura 2000 sites..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Production of information for training , and about the possibilities for employment  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

in association with Natura 2000..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Funding of networking to discuss best practice in Natura 2000-friendly  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

aquaculture and fisheries activities..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9) 

Eligible if meeting the added value criteria 

of article 3, is in line with the measures of an-

nex 1 and avoids to be a “recurring” activity..

92

 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 20: provision of informaTion and publiciTy maTerial

Fund

Description

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

Vocational training and information actions, including 

Farmers, foresters..

diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-

tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 

forestry sectors..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

52(b)(iii) Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible

to preparing and implementing a local development 

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

None..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

strategy..

Leader..

63

EFF

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-

None..

methods and tools..

cific to land type..

44(1)(b)

restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort..

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(h)

Promoting inter-regional and trans-national coopera-

public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tion among actors in fisheries areas, mainly through 

SMEs, others..

networking and disseminating best practice..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 
which form part of normal programmes or 
systems of agricultural and forestry education 
at secondary or higher levels..

Production of training materials for Farmers.. and foresters, describing  
bear-friendly farming and forestry methods..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Art 59..

Natura 2000 sites could be promoted through tourism marketing brochures.. 

Provision of training materials for skills acquisition.. 

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Develop any information necessary for realisation of the local development  
strategy (eg regional promotion in relation to Natura 2000)..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Developing training materials for fishers in relation to Natura 2000..

Promoting and developing environmentally friendly products linked to Natura 2000 sites..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Production of information for training , and about the possibilities for employment  
in association with Natura 2000..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Funding of networking to discuss best practice in Natura 2000-friendly  
aquaculture and fisheries activities..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-

public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

plementation of the local development strategy..

SMEs, others..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Preparation of information to feed into the local development strategy..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution and 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: research..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Research projects could result in development of information materials, and design of new 
and more effective communication methods (eg interactive fora for education)..

FP7

risks; conservation and sustainable management of 

natural and man-made resources (eg protection and 

management of biodiversity); environment and tech-

nologies (eg environmental restoration)..

2(1)(i) g

Theme: transport (eg greening of surface and air trans-

All possible, how-

Transnational cooperation..

ever..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

port)..

Context: research on adaptation/improve-
ment of transportation infrastructure to miti-
gate risks to Natura sites..

Research project could result in development of information on greener transport networks, 
including links to the Natura 2000 network..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9) 
Eligible if meeting the added value criteria 
of article 3, is in line with the measures of an-
nex 1 and avoids to be a “recurring” activity..

93

 
 
 
 
Fund

ERDF

4(2)

4(6)

4(10)

5(2)f

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Theme: information society, including development of development of electronic com-
munications infrastructure, local content, services and applications, improvement of 
secure access to and development of on-line public services, aid and services to SMEs 
to adopt and effectively use information and communication technologies (ICTs) or to 
exploit new ideas..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-
tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-
cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 
higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism

Convergence objective regions..

Context: information transfer  

Could be used for the acquisition of IT equipment and the organisation/operation  

systems/equipment on Natura 2000/sites..

of internet information hubs and databases..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at the site..

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-
tractiveness and quality of life in regions

Convergence objective regions..

Context: education..

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  

in regional education programmes..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 
natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-
motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 
tourism..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at a site  

and tourism..

that has high natural/cultural heritage value..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting the legal and administrative cooperation, integra-
tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 
equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 
facilities for R&TD..

6(1)e

6(2)d

10

ESF

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-
ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 
and education..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-
proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cul-
tural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and en-
couraging sustainable tourism..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Unlikely to be applicable..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Only areas with geographical and natural 
handicaps..

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)

Development of information in relation to cross-border site networks  

to promote broader eco-tourism..

Context: developing employment initiatives 

and training..

Context: developing employment initiatives 

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  

and training..

in cross-border training programmes.. 

Context: broad cross-border  

education initiatives..

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  

in cross-border health, culture and education programmes..

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Production of information and publicity material related to strengthening preservation  

and promotion of Natura 2000 sites that are situated at the vicinity of urban centres  

and have high cultural heritage value at transnational level.. 

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at the site..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Production of information for capacity-building/training programmes  

for public administrations..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

94

Description

Fund

ERDF

4(2)

munications infrastructure, local content, services and applications, improvement of 

secure access to and development of on-line public services, aid and services to SMEs 

to adopt and effectively use information and communication technologies (ICTs) or to 

exploit new ideas..

tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-

cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 

higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism

Theme: information society, including development of development of electronic com-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: information transfer  
systems/equipment on Natura 2000/sites..

Could be used for the acquisition of IT equipment and the organisation/operation  
of internet information hubs and databases..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

4(6)

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at the site..

4(10)

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: education..

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  
in regional education programmes..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  
and tourism..

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at a site  
that has high natural/cultural heritage value..

tractiveness and quality of life in regions

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-

ment objective regions..

motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 

tourism..

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)

Development of information in relation to cross-border site networks  
to promote broader eco-tourism..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting the legal and administrative cooperation, integra-

European territorial cooperation objec-

tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equality and 

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

Context: developing employment initiatives 
and training..

Context: developing employment initiatives 
and training..

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  
in cross-border training programmes.. 

6(1)e

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, capac-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

ity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, tourism 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

Context: broad cross-border  
education initiatives..

Development of information resources needed for participation of the site  
in cross-border health, culture and education programmes..

facilities for R&TD..

and education..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Production of information and publicity material related to strengthening preservation  
and promotion of Natura 2000 sites that are situated at the vicinity of urban centres  
and have high cultural heritage value at transnational level.. 

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

10

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at im-

Only areas with geographical and natural 

Development of information material needed to promote ecotourism at the site..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

Production of information for capacity-building/training programmes  
for public administrations..

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: training..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

proving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cul-

handicaps..

tural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and en-

couraging sustainable tourism..

ESF

3(2)bi

CF

Unlikely to be applicable..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

95

acTiviTy 21: Training and educaTion

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

Vocational training and information actions, including 
diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-
tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 
forestry sectors..

Farmers, foresters..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 

Training and education in relation to innovative practice in nature-friendly farming,  

which form part of normal programmes or 

marketing of Natura 2000 products, etc..

52(b)(iii)

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

52(c)

52(d)

A training and information measure for economic ac-
tors operating in the fields covered by axis 3..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 
to preparing and implementing a local development 
strategy..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

None..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

EFF

27(1)(a)

27(1)(c)

37(i)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-
ing multiple jobs for fishers..

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-
ing..

Fishermen..

Fishermen..

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 
methods and tools.. 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

None..

None..

44(1)(b)

44(1)(c)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-
plementation of the local development strategy..

public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

systems of agricultural and forestry education 

at secondary or higher levels..

Refer to Art 57..

Training to facilitate maintenance and conservation of rural heritage..

Refer to Art 58.. Can only be used for Axis 3 

Training to encourage development of an ecotourism industry..

measures..

Refer to Art 59..

None..

None..

Training to enable implementation of local development strategy – eg in marketing  

of Natura products, or to enable development of an ecotourism industry..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Any training necessary for realisation of the local development strategy  

(eg regional promotion in relation to Natura 2000).. 

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  

management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  

management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  

mented with the active support of operators 

management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..

Training programmes in partnership between scientists and operators – eg programmes in 

fish and bird identification to promote ecotourism while assisting with scientific monitoring..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Training to enable fishers to move into ecotourism at Natura sites..

themselves or by organisations acting on be-

half of producers or other organisations rec-

ognised by the Member State…

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Creation of jobs in Natura site management, supported by adequate  

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

training and education..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 

Training and education for preparation and implementation of the development strategy..

requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

None..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9) 

Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 

article 3 and avoids to be a “recurring” activity..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-
tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-
cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 
higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Training programmes to support establishment of tourism industry in areas where this has 

not been in place before (eg those with high dependence on industries that are in recession).. 

Training could target potential providers of high-end tourism services..

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-
tractiveness and quality of life in regions

Convergence objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 
natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-
motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 
tourism..
Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..
European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Context: natural/cultural heritage and tourism.. Training programmes to support establishment/enhancement of tourism in areas  

with high natural/cultural heritage value.. Training could target potential providers  

of high-end tourism services..

Education in sustainable management, to contribute to improved quality of life  

and environment..

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Development of cross-border training and education programmes based  

on sharing experience, especially in relation to eco-tourism  

at Natura sites/networks..

Fund

ERDF

4(6)

4(10)

5(2)f

6(1)a

6(1)b

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 21: Training and educaTion

Fund

Description

EAFRD

20(a)(i)

Vocational training and information actions, including 

Farmers, foresters..

diffusion of scientific knowledge and innovative prac-

tise, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and 

forestry sectors..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

None..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

cific to land type..

strategy..

Leader..

63

EFF

ing..

methods and tools.. 

27(1)(a)

The diversification of activities with a view to promot-

Fishermen..

ing multiple jobs for fishers..

27(1)(c)

Schemes for retraining in occupations outside sea fish-

Fishermen..

37(i)

Upgrade professional skills, or develop new training 

Fishermen, others..

Measure not spe-

None..

44(1)(b)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(i)

Acquiring skills and facilitating the preparation and im-

public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

plementation of the local development strategy..

SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(6)

tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of so-

cio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new 

higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

4(10)

Education investments, including vocational training, contributing to increasing the at-

Convergence objective regions..

tractiveness and quality of life in regions

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the pro-

ment objective..

motion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable 

tourism..

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

52(b)(iii)

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage

All possible..

Refer to Art 57..

Training to facilitate maintenance and conservation of rural heritage..

52(c)

A training and information measure for economic ac-

All possible (within 

Measure not spe-

None..

tors operating in the fields covered by axis 3..

rural areas)..

52(d)

A skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view 

All possible..

to preparing and implementing a local development 

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

Refer to Art 58.. Can only be used for Axis 3 
measures..

Refer to Art 59..

Training to encourage development of an ecotourism industry..

Training to enable implementation of local development strategy – eg in marketing  
of Natura products, or to enable development of an ecotourism industry..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Any training necessary for realisation of the local development strategy  
(eg regional promotion in relation to Natura 2000).. 

Art 21: Support shall not include courses 
which form part of normal programmes or 
systems of agricultural and forestry education 
at secondary or higher levels..

Training and education in relation to innovative practice in nature-friendly farming,  
marketing of Natura 2000 products, etc..

None..

None..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be imple-
mented with the active support of operators 
themselves or by organisations acting on be-
half of producers or other organisations rec-
ognised by the Member State…

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  
management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  
management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..

Training in order to facilitate diversification of activities – eg training in small business  
management to facilitate eco-tourism, or site management skills..
Training programmes in partnership between scientists and operators – eg programmes in 
fish and bird identification to promote ecotourism while assisting with scientific monitoring..

Training to enable fishers to move into ecotourism at Natura sites..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Creation of jobs in Natura site management, supported by adequate  
training and education..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on 
requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Training and education for preparation and implementation of the development strategy..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9) 
Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 
article 3 and avoids to be a “recurring” activity..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Training programmes to support establishment of tourism industry in areas where this has 
not been in place before (eg those with high dependence on industries that are in recession).. 
Training could target potential providers of high-end tourism services..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: natural/cultural heritage and tourism.. Training programmes to support establishment/enhancement of tourism in areas  
with high natural/cultural heritage value.. Training could target potential providers  
of high-end tourism services..

Education in sustainable management, to contribute to improved quality of life  
and environment..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Development of cross-border training and education programmes based  
on sharing experience, especially in relation to eco-tourism  
at Natura sites/networks..

97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

Description

6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting the legal and administrative cooperation, integra-
tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equity and 
equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 
facilities for R&TD..

6(2)b

6(2)d

6(3)a

6(3)b

6(3)c

ESF

3(1)aii

3(2)bi

3(2)bii

CF

2(1)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-
ducive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, 
risk prevention and environmental protection activities , with a clear trans-national di-
mension, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine 
resources, water services and wetlands; ; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promo-
tion of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and pro-
tection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-
ment and sustainable tourism..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-
cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-
ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 
transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 
include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-
gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 
heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-
eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 
prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-
rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-
ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 
studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 
Community..

Increasing adaptability of workers and enterprise, eg development of specific employ-
ment, training and support services, , including outplacement, for workers in the context 
of company and sector restructuring..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-
cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-
ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 
public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport..

Area restrictions

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 
three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while at least two need to be member 
states (Article 19(2))..

Convergence objective regions..

Convergence objective regions..

Convergence objective regions..

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Providing training to promote cross-border labour markets in relation to management  

of the Natura network, eg, training in nature-friendly forestry practices..

Training in relation to transnational river basin management and marine resources  

(in connection to Natura site management)..

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Training and education programmes related to strengthening preservation and promotion  

of Natura 2000 sites that are situated at the vicinity of urban centres and have  

high cultural heritage value at transnational level.. 

Training programmes for regional and local authorities, focused on risk prevention,  

sharing best practise, conducting studies, data collection and trends development etc..  

in relation to biodiversity and Natura 2000..

Context: Job creation (eg in case of sector  

Providing training for workers in sectors being restructured to provide prospects  

restructuring)..

for alternative employment in sustainable enterprises linked to Natura  

(eg production of Natura-friendly products)..

Training for public administrations In relation to good management of Natura 2000 –  

could include sharing of experience and best practice between MS..

Training of public admin staff to deal with wildlife projects..

Training as a small component of infrastructure investment projects – eg training  

local people in efficient use of water to complement building  

of water-related infrastructure..

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
6(1)end

Cross-border cooperation: promoting the legal and administrative cooperation, integra-

European territorial cooperation objec-

tion of cross-border labour markets, local employment initiatives, gender equity and 

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

equal opportunities, training and social inclusion, and sharing of human resources and 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

facilities for R&TD..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(2)b

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

ducive to integrated territorial development on: water management, energy efficiency, 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

risk prevention and environmental protection activities , with a clear trans-national di-

while one needs to be a member state 

mension, including protection and management of river basins, coastal zones, marine 

(Article 19(1))..

resources, water services and wetlands; ; fire, drought and flood prevention; the promo-

tion of maritime security and protection against natural and technological risks; and pro-

tection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-economic develop-

ment and sustainable tourism..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions condu-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

cive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following pri-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

ority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development at 

while one needs to be a member state 

transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions may 

(Article 19(1))..

include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; strate-

gies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cultural 

heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational basis..

6(3)a

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: interregional coop-

European territorial cooperation objec-

eration focusing on innovation and the knowledge economy and environment and risk 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

prevention in the sense of Article 5(1) and (2)..

6(3)b

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: exchanges of expe-

European territorial cooperation objec-

rience concerning the identification, transfer and dissemination of best practice includ-

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

ing on sustainable urban development as referred to in Article 8..

6(3)c

Reinforcement of the effectiveness of regional policy by promoting: actions involving 

European territorial cooperation objec-

studies, data collection, and the observation and analysis of development trends in the 

tive – interregional cooperation.. At least 

Community..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

three countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while at least two need to be member 

states (Article 19(2))..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

3(1)aii

Increasing adaptability of workers and enterprise, eg development of specific employ-

ment, training and support services, , including outplacement, for workers in the context 

of company and sector restructuring..

3(2)bi

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services on good policy and programme design, monitoring and evaluation, in-

cluding through studies, statistics and expert advice, support for interdepartmental co-

ordination and dialogue between relevant public and private bodies..

3(2)bii

Strengthening institutional capacity and the efficiency of public administrations and 

Convergence objective regions..

public services in capacity building in the delivery of policies and programmes..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport..

Fund

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Providing training to promote cross-border labour markets in relation to management  
of the Natura network, eg, training in nature-friendly forestry practices..

Training in relation to transnational river basin management and marine resources  
(in connection to Natura site management)..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage..

Training and education programmes related to strengthening preservation and promotion  
of Natura 2000 sites that are situated at the vicinity of urban centres and have  
high cultural heritage value at transnational level.. 

Training programmes for regional and local authorities, focused on risk prevention,  
sharing best practise, conducting studies, data collection and trends development etc..  
in relation to biodiversity and Natura 2000..

Context: Job creation (eg in case of sector  
restructuring)..

Providing training for workers in sectors being restructured to provide prospects  
for alternative employment in sustainable enterprises linked to Natura  
(eg production of Natura-friendly products)..

Training for public administrations In relation to good management of Natura 2000 –  
could include sharing of experience and best practice between MS..

Training of public admin staff to deal with wildlife projects..

Training as a small component of infrastructure investment projects – eg training  
local people in efficient use of water to complement building  
of water-related infrastructure..

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 22: faciliTies To encourage visiTor use  
and appreciaTion of naTura 2000 siTes

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(a)(i)

Diversification into non-agricultural activities..

Farmers.. and house-
hold members..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

None..

None..

None..

EFF

44(1)(b)

44(1)(e)

LIFE+

3

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-
structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 
communities..

Workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 41..

Refer to Art 53..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Construction and instalment of interpretive signs at Natura sites..

Support for improvement of visitor facilities on agricultural Natura sites,  

to encourage ecotourism..

eg pathways and signs..

Construction of facilities to encourage visitor use of Natura sites,  

Installation of facilities for visitor use of Natura sites in order to encourage 

visitor use and achieve aims of the local development strategy..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on requirements  

Promotion of eco-tourism through provision of visitor facilities at  

for areas and beneficiaries..

Natura sites – eg interpretive information, seating, pathways..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on requirements  

Provision of facilities for marine and coastal eco-tourism, eg signs, maps, 

for areas and beneficiaries..

shelters, jetties etc..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the eligibil-

ity criteria of, or receive assistance for the same purpose from, 

other Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligible if 

meeting the added value criteria of article 3 and not heavy infra-

structure (ERDF) or not for maintenance of facilities..

Fund

ERDF

4(2)

4(4)

4(6)

5(2)b

5(2)f

6(1)a

10

ESF

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Theme: information society, including development of development of electronic communi-
cations infrastructure, local content, services and applications, improvement of secure access 
to and development of on-line public services, aid and services to SMEs to adopt and effec-
tively use information and communication technologies (ICTs) or to exploit new ideas..

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: Envi-
ronment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including investments 
in Natura 2000 sites..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sustain-
able tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-eco-
nomic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new higher value-
added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: information transfer  

Development of websites and databases that could be used for promotion  

systems/equipment on Natura 2000/sites..

of Natura-based tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

Construction of visitor facilities eg car parks, networks of pathways, jetties,  

visitors centres..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable economic 
development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Regional competitiveness and em-
ployment’ objective regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the natu-
ral and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the promotion of 
natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable tourism..

Regional competitiveness and em-
ployment’ objective regions..

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the development 
of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at improving 
accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cultural and natu-
ral heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and encouraging sustain-
able tourism..

European territorial cooperation 
objective – cross-border coopera-
tion.. At least two countries shall act 
as beneficiaries, while one needs to 
be a member state (Article 19(1))..
Only areas with geographical and 
natural handicaps..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  

and tourism..

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Unlikely to be applicable..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection policy 
under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also including ar-
eas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmental benefits, namely 
energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector outside the trans-Euro-
pean networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport systems and their interoper-
ability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban transport and public transport..

Convergence objective regions..

CF

2(1)b

100

Investments aimed at improving tourist access to Natura sites, eg, installing ramps  

and pathways for wheelchair access..

Development of visitor facilities/complexes in relation to Natura – eg regional  

environment centre with education materials relating  

to the Natura 2000 network..

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 22: faciliTies To encourage visiTor use  

and appreciaTion of naTura 2000 siTes

Fund

EAFRD

Description

land]..

agers..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(a)(i)

Diversification into non-agricultural activities..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

Farmers.. and house-

Measure not spe-

hold members..

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

None..

None..

None..

Leader..

63

EFF

44(1)(b)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

Workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

44(1)(e)

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-

Public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 

SMEs, others..

communities..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(2)

Unlikely to be applicable

Description

Theme: information society, including development of development of electronic communi-

Convergence objective regions..

cations infrastructure, local content, services and applications, improvement of secure access 

to and development of on-line public services, aid and services to SMEs to adopt and effec-

tively use information and communication technologies (ICTs) or to exploit new ideas..

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: Envi-

Convergence objective regions..

ronment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including investments 

in Natura 2000 sites..

able tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of socio-eco-

nomic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through new higher value-

added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of tourism..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and em-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable economic 

ployment’ objective regions..

development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of the natu-

Regional competitiveness and em-

ral and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the promotion of 

ployment’ objective regions..

natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustainable tourism..

able tourism..

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection policy 

Convergence objective regions..

under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also including ar-

eas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmental benefits, namely 

energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector outside the trans-Euro-

pean networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport systems and their interoper-

ability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban transport and public transport..

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 41..

Construction and instalment of interpretive signs at Natura sites..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 53..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Arts 61–65..

Support for improvement of visitor facilities on agricultural Natura sites,  
to encourage ecotourism..

Construction of facilities to encourage visitor use of Natura sites,  
eg pathways and signs..

Installation of facilities for visitor use of Natura sites in order to encourage 
visitor use and achieve aims of the local development strategy..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on requirements  
for areas and beneficiaries..

Promotion of eco-tourism through provision of visitor facilities at  
Natura sites – eg interpretive information, seating, pathways..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details on requirements  
for areas and beneficiaries..

Provision of facilities for marine and coastal eco-tourism, eg signs, maps, 
shelters, jetties etc..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the eligibil-
ity criteria of, or receive assistance for the same purpose from, 
other Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. Eligible if 
meeting the added value criteria of article 3 and not heavy infra-
structure (ERDF) or not for maintenance of facilities..

4(6)

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sustain-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Context: information transfer  
systems/equipment on Natura 2000/sites..

Development of websites and databases that could be used for promotion  
of Natura-based tourism..

Construction of visitor facilities eg car parks, networks of pathways, jetties,  
visitors centres..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the development 

European territorial cooperation 

 Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

objective – cross-border coopera-

tion.. At least two countries shall act 

as beneficiaries, while one needs to 

be a member state (Article 19(1))..

10

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at improving 

Only areas with geographical and 

accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the cultural and natu-

natural handicaps..

ral heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and encouraging sustain-

Investments aimed at improving tourist access to Natura sites, eg, installing ramps  
and pathways for wheelchair access..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  
and tourism..

Development of visitor facilities/complexes in relation to Natura – eg regional  
environment centre with education materials relating  
to the Natura 2000 network..

101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 23: land purchase, including compensaTion for developmenT righTs

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

In theory, possible in relation to activities under any Ar-
ticle, subject to limitations in Article 71(3)(c)..

Dependent on spe-
cific Article..

Dependent on spe-
cific Article..

EFF

Unlikely to be applicable..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

All possible..

All possible..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

For example, purchase of land to enable river basin restoration..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

In theory, possible in relation to activities under any Article, subject to general limita-
tions in Regulation, and specific limits in Article 7(b).. 

Fund

ERDF47

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable

CF

2(1)b

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 
policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 
including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-
tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 
outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 
systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 
transport and public transport..

Convergence objective regions..

Purchase of land usually only eligible where 

this is less than 10% of the total expenditure 

on the operation concerned.. In exceptional 

circumstances, a higher percentage can be 

fixed for operations concerning environmen-

tal conservation.. See Art 71(3)(c).. 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 

article 3 and is a compensation for change of 

land use (unless rural development) and not 

for development rights.. For conditions on 

land purchase, see Annex 1 point (j)..

102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 23: land purchase, including compensaTion for developmenT righTs

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Purchase of land usually only eligible where 
this is less than 10% of the total expenditure 
on the operation concerned.. In exceptional 
circumstances, a higher percentage can be 
fixed for operations concerning environmen-
tal conservation.. See Art 71(3)(c).. 

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Eligible if meeting the added value criteria of 
article 3 and is a compensation for change of 
land use (unless rural development) and not 
for development rights.. For conditions on 
land purchase, see Annex 1 point (j)..

For example, purchase of land to enable river basin restoration..

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

In theory, possible in relation to activities under any Ar-

Dependent on spe-

Dependent on spe-

ticle, subject to limitations in Article 71(3)(c)..

cific Article..

cific Article..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible..

All possible..

Fund

Description

EAFRD

Unlikely to be applicable..

EFF

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF47

ESF

CF

2(1)b

Unlikely to be applicable..

Description

Unlikely to be applicable

In theory, possible in relation to activities under any Article, subject to general limita-

tions in Regulation, and specific limits in Article 7(b).. 

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protection 

Convergence objective regions..

policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context also 

including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environmen-

tal benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport sector 

outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal transport 

systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, clean urban 

transport and public transport..

103

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 24: infrasTrucTure needed for The resToraTion of habiTaT or species

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers.., land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

None..

None..

None..

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawn-
ing grounds and migration routes for migratory spe-
cies..

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 
protection and enhancement of the environment in 
the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-
land waters, wet-
lands..

None..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution 
and risks; conservation and sustainable management 
of natural and man-made resources (eg protection 
and management of biodiversity); environment and 
technologies (eg environmental restoration)..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Transnational cooperation..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the 
rehabilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and 
brownfield sites and land..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-
nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Convergence objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 
the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-
opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 
employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popu-
lation taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Refer to Art 41..

Support for infrastructure to protect stock from large predators  

eg electric fences..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment 

Support for infrastructure for habitat restoration, eg, construction of nursery  

payments..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

to grow native plants for restoration project..

Support for installation of infrastructure to encourage recolonisation  

by rare species eg nesting boxes, bat roosts, etc..

Development of infrastructure for restoration of habitats and species  

in order to achieve aims for local development..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with 

Introduction of infrastructures to reduce disturbance to native species associated 

the active support of operators themselves or by or-

with aquaculture sites (eg reduce disturbance to birds)..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public 

Modification of waterway by installation of infrastructure to alter water flows  

or semi-public bodies, recognised trade associations, 

or enable fish movements for the benefit of aquatic ecosystems..

ganisations acting on behalf of producers or other or-

ganisations recognised by the Member State…

or other bodies appointed for that purpose by the 

Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public 

or semi-public bodies, recognised trade associations, 

or other bodies appointed for that purpose by the 

Member State..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the 

eligibility criteria of, or receive assistance for the same 

purpose from, other Community financial instruments 

(see Art 9).. Eligible if meeting the added value criteria 

of article 3 and forms a part of a conservation manage-

ment project for habitats or species..

Context: as a part of research setup/facilities..

Diversification of regional economies through construction of facilities to  

improve commercial use of certain Natura sites – eg breeding centres and/or  

rehabilitation centres for endangered species that can act as foci for ecotourism..

Funding for infrastructure needed to restore contaminated Natura 2000 sites  

and/or areas close connected to management these sites..

Could include development of ballast water treatment facilities at ports to prevent  

introduction of IAS through shipping; introduction of physical barriers in freshwater 

to prevent spread of IAS from one water body to another..

Construction of infrastructure for cross-border water treatment in order  

to improve water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  

Context: historical/cultural heritage

Construction of infrastructure for water treatment in order to improve  

water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

Construction of infrastructure for water treatment in order to improve  

water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

EFF

37(g)

38(2)(b)

38(2)(c)

LIFE+

3

FP7

2(1)(i) f

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

5(2)a

5(2)b

6(1)b

8

ESF

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

2(1)b

104

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protec-
tion policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context 
also including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environ-
mental benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport 
sector outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal 
transport systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, 
clean urban transport and public transport..

Convergence objective regions..

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

EAFRD

Description

63

Leader..

EFF

37(g)

land]..

agers..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(b)(iii)

Conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage..

All possible..

None..

None..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Develop, restructure or improve aquaculture sites..

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

land waters, wet-

lands..

38(2)(b)

The rehabilitation of inland waters, including spawn-

Fishermen, others..

Inland waters..

None..

ing grounds and migration routes for migratory spe-

cies..

38(2)(c)

where they directly concern fishing activities, to the 

Fishermen, others..

Coastal, marine, in-

None..

protection and enhancement of the environment in 

the framework of N2K, excluding operational costs..

land waters, wet-

lands..

Eligibility criteria..

All possible.. 

All possible.. 

None..

LIFE+

3

FP7

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

5(2)a

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: stimulating investment for the 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

rehabilitation of the physical environment, including contaminated, desertified and 

ment objective regions..

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

brownfield sites and land..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-

ment objective regions..

nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

8

Sustainable urban development: strengthening economic growth, the rehabilitation of 

the physical environment, brownfield redevelopment, and the preservation and devel-

opment of the natural and cultural heritage, the promotion of entrepreneurship, local 

employment and community development, and the provision of services to the popu-

lation taking account of changing demographic structures.. 

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protec-

Convergence objective regions..

tion policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context 

also including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environ-

mental benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport 

sector outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal 

transport systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, 

clean urban transport and public transport..

acTiviTy 24: infrasTrucTure needed for The resToraTion of habiTaT or species

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers.., land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 41..

Support for infrastructure to protect stock from large predators  
eg electric fences..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked to forest-environment 
payments..

Support for infrastructure for habitat restoration, eg, construction of nursery  
to grow native plants for restoration project..

Refer to Art 57..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Support for installation of infrastructure to encourage recolonisation  
by rare species eg nesting boxes, bat roosts, etc..

Development of infrastructure for restoration of habitats and species  
in order to achieve aims for local development..

Introduction of infrastructures to reduce disturbance to native species associated 
with aquaculture sites (eg reduce disturbance to birds)..

Modification of waterway by installation of infrastructure to alter water flows  
or enable fish movements for the benefit of aquatic ecosystems..

Art 37: Collective actions: must be implemented with 
the active support of operators themselves or by or-
ganisations acting on behalf of producers or other or-
ganisations recognised by the Member State…

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public 
or semi-public bodies, recognised trade associations, 
or other bodies appointed for that purpose by the 
Member State..

Art 38(3) The actions must be implemented by public 
or semi-public bodies, recognised trade associations, 
or other bodies appointed for that purpose by the 
Member State..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall within the 
eligibility criteria of, or receive assistance for the same 
purpose from, other Community financial instruments 
(see Art 9).. Eligible if meeting the added value criteria 
of article 3 and forms a part of a conservation manage-
ment project for habitats or species..

2(1)(i) f

Theme Environment, eg climate change, pollution 

All possible..

Transnational cooperation..

Context: as a part of research setup/facilities..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

and risks; conservation and sustainable management 

of natural and man-made resources (eg protection 

and management of biodiversity); environment and 

technologies (eg environmental restoration)..

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Diversification of regional economies through construction of facilities to  
improve commercial use of certain Natura sites – eg breeding centres and/or  
rehabilitation centres for endangered species that can act as foci for ecotourism..

Funding for infrastructure needed to restore contaminated Natura 2000 sites  
and/or areas close connected to management these sites..

Could include development of ballast water treatment facilities at ports to prevent  
introduction of IAS through shipping; introduction of physical barriers in freshwater 
to prevent spread of IAS from one water body to another..
Construction of infrastructure for cross-border water treatment in order  
to improve water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

Requirement: Urban dimensions..  
Context: historical/cultural heritage

Construction of infrastructure for water treatment in order to improve  
water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

Construction of infrastructure for water treatment in order to improve  
water quality (and therefore habitat quality) at Natura 2000 sites..

105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
acTiviTy 25: infrasTrucTure for public access

Fund

Description

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

EAFRD

36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 
land]..

Farmers, land man-
agers..

Agricultural land..

None..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

52(a)(i)

Diversification into non-agricultural activities..

Farmers and house-
hold members..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

63

Leader..

All possible (within 
rural areas)..

All selected rural 
areas..

None..

None..

None..

None..

EFF

44(1)(b)

44(1)(c)

44(1)(e)

LIFE+

3

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 
particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 
actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-
tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 
jobs outside the fisheries sector..

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-
structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 
communities..

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

workers in fisheries 
or linked sectors..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

public admins, 
SMEs, others..

Measure not spe-
cific to land type..

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

Eligibility criteria..

All possible..

All possible..

None..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

Refer to Art 41..

Support for investments in signage, maps, shelters..

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  

to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 53..

Refer to Art 55..

Investments in infrastructure to enable diversification into tourism, eg construction  

of tourist accommodation, information centres, etc..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Development of infrastructure for public access in order to achieve aims  

for local development..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  

Development of infrastructure for public access and tourism, eg, jetties for tourist boats..

on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  

Construction of visitors centres/complexes at Natura sites in order to increase  

on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

opportunities for commercial activities at Natura 2000 sites..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  

Construction of tourism-related infrastructure such as signs,  

on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

paths for walkers and cyclists, visitors centres etc..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 

within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-

sistance for the same purpose from, other 

Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 

Only for small infrastructure creation and up-

grades of existing infrastructure if these meas-

ures form a part of a conservation manage-

ment project for habitats or species..

106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36(a)(vi)

Support for non-productive investments [Agricultural 

Farmers, land man-

Agricultural land..

None..

Refer to Art 41..

Support for investments in signage, maps, shelters..

Target groups

Land types

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Refer to Art 49.. Must be linked  
to forest-environment payments..

Refer to Art 53..

Refer to Art 55..

Refer to Arts 61-65..

Investments in infrastructure to enable diversification into tourism, eg construction  
of tourist accommodation, information centres, etc..

Development of infrastructure for public access in order to achieve aims  
for local development..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  
on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Development of infrastructure for public access and tourism, eg, jetties for tourist boats..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  
on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Construction of visitors centres/complexes at Natura sites in order to increase  
opportunities for commercial activities at Natura 2000 sites..

Ref: Articles 43(3),(4) and 44(4) for details  
on requirements for areas and beneficiaries..

Construction of tourism-related infrastructure such as signs,  
paths for walkers and cyclists, visitors centres etc..

LIFE+ shall not finance measures which fall 
within the eligibility criteria of, or receive as-
sistance for the same purpose from, other 
Community financial instruments (see Art 9).. 
Only for small infrastructure creation and up-
grades of existing infrastructure if these meas-
ures form a part of a conservation manage-
ment project for habitats or species..

acTiviTy 25: infrasTrucTure for public access

Fund

EAFRD

Description

land]..

agers..

36(b)(vii)

Support for non-productive investments [Forests]..

All possible..

Forests..

None..

52(a)(i)

Diversification into non-agricultural activities..

Farmers and house-

Measure not spe-

None..

52(a)(iii)

Encouragement of tourism activities..

All possible..

hold members..

cific to land type..

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

None..

All possible (within 

All selected rural 

None..

rural areas)..

areas..

Leader..

63

EFF

44(1)(b)

Restructuring and redirecting economic activities, in 

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

particular by promoting eco-tourism, provided these 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

actions do not result in an increase in fishing effort.. 

44(1)(c)

Diversifying activities through the promotion of mul-

workers in fisheries 

Measure not spe-

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

tiple employment for fishers through the creation of 

or linked sectors..

cific to land type..

jobs outside the fisheries sector..

44(1)(e)

Supporting small fisheries and tourism related infra-

public admins, 

Ref Arts 43(3),(4)

Measure not spe-

cific to land type..

structure and services for the benefit of small fisheries 

SMEs, others..

communities..

LIFE+

3

Eligibility criteria..

All possible..

All possible..

None..

FP7

Unlikely to be applicable..

107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund

ERDF

4(4)

4(6)

4(10)

5(2)b

5(2)f

Description

Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 
Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-
vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-
tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of 
socio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through 
new higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of 
tourism..

Convergence objective regions..

Support to diversification of economic structures through construction  

of infrastructures to facilitate and promote eco-tourism activity..

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

Education investments, including vocational training, which contribute to increasing 
the attractiveness and quality of life..

Convergence objective regions..

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 
linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-
nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Context: education..

Building infrastructure for public access to Natura 2000 sites with a view to inform  

and educate people on Natura 2000..

Could be used for developing parking centres, access roads, visitors centres,  

fencing, education paths inside sites.. Facilitating cooperation  

with neighbouring regions..

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of 
the natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the 
promotion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustain-
able tourism..

Regional competitiveness and employ-
ment objective regions..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  

and tourism..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-
opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

6(1)b

6(1)e

6(2)d

10

ESF

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-
tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-
vention of natural and technological risks..

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 
joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, ca-
pacity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, 
tourism and education..

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 
not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-
ducive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following 
priority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development 
at transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions 
may include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; 
strategies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cul-
tural heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational 
basis..

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at 
improving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the 
cultural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and 
encouraging sustainable tourism..

Unlikely to be applicable..

CF

2(1)b

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protec-
tion policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context 
also including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environ-
mental benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport 
sector outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal 
transport systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, 
clean urban transport and public transport..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

European territorial cooperation objec-
tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 
two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 
while one needs to be a member state 
(Article 19(1))..

Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Development of infrastructure to promote cross-border nature tourism eg signage,  

visitors centres and shelters, tracks for walking and cycling..

Context: broad cross-border education  

Creation of joint infrastructures for promotion of cross-border areas of the Natura network,  

initiatives..

eg visitors centres and information centres located near to regional or national boundaries..

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage.. 

Creation of joint infrastructures for promotion of Natura 200 sites with high cultural  

heritage value at transnational urban areas, eg visitors centres and information  

centres located near to regional or national boundaries..

Only areas with geographical and natural 
handicaps..

Development of infrastructure for accessibility, eg pathways and cycleways, modification of 

buildings to facilitate access by the disabled..

Convergence objective regions..

Development of public access infrastructure such as car parks, pathways..

108

 
 
 
 
 
Area restrictions

Notes/other restrictions

Examples

4(6)

Tourism, including promotion of natural assets as potential for the development of sus-

Convergence objective regions..

Context: promoting/developing tourism..

4(10)

Education investments, including vocational training, which contribute to increasing 

Convergence objective regions..

Context: education..

Support to diversification of economic structures through construction  
of infrastructures to facilitate and promote eco-tourism activity..

Building infrastructure for public access to Natura 2000 sites with a view to inform  
and educate people on Natura 2000..

Could be used for developing parking centres, access roads, visitors centres,  
fencing, education paths inside sites.. Facilitating cooperation  
with neighbouring regions..

6(1)a

Cross-border cooperation: encouraging entrepreneurship and, in particular, the devel-

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: job creation (eg tourism)..

Development of infrastructure to promote cross-border nature tourism eg signage,  
visitors centres and shelters, tracks for walking and cycling..

able tourism..

opment of SMEs, tourism, culture, and cross-border trade..

Context: natural/cultural heritage  
and tourism..

6(2)d

Transnational cooperation, including bilateral cooperation between maritime regions 

European territorial cooperation objec-

Context: urban dimension, cultural heritage.. 

Creation of joint infrastructures for promotion of Natura 200 sites with high cultural  
heritage value at transnational urban areas, eg visitors centres and information  
centres located near to regional or national boundaries..

Context: broad cross-border education  
initiatives..

Creation of joint infrastructures for promotion of cross-border areas of the Natura network,  
eg visitors centres and information centres located near to regional or national boundaries..

Environment within the priorities assigned to the Community environmental protec-

Convergence objective regions..

Development of public access infrastructure such as car parks, pathways..

Development of infrastructure for accessibility, eg pathways and cycleways, modification of 
buildings to facilitate access by the disabled..

Description

Fund

ERDF

4(4)

Supporting modernisation and diversification of regional economic structures.. Priority: 

Convergence objective regions..

Environment, including promotion of biodiversity and nature protection, including in-

vestments in Natura 2000 sites..

tainable tourism, protection and enhancement of the natural heritage in support of 

socio-economic development, aid to improve the supply of tourism services through 

new higher value-added services and to encourage new, more sustainable patterns of 

tourism..

the attractiveness and quality of life..

5(2)b

Priority environment and risk prevention: promoting the development of infrastructure 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

linked to biodiversity and investments in Natura 2000 contributing to sustainable eco-

ment objective regions..

nomic development and/or diversification of rural areas..

5(2)f

Environment and risk prevention, and in particular: protection and enhancement of 

Regional competitiveness and employ-

the natural and cultural heritage in support of socio-economic development and the 

ment objective regions..

promotion of natural and cultural assets as potential for the development of sustain-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)b

Assistance on the development of cross-border economic and social activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development, primarily: encouraging the pro-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

tection and joint management of the natural and cultural resources, as well as the pre-

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

vention of natural and technological risks..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

6(1)e

Development of cross-border economic, social and environmental activities through 

European territorial cooperation objec-

joint strategies for sustainable territorial development: developing collaboration, ca-

tive – cross-border cooperation.. At least 

pacity and joint use of infrastructures in particular in sectors such as health, culture, 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

tourism and education..

while one needs to be a member state 

(Article 19(1))..

not covered under point 6(1), through the financing of networks and of actions con-

tive – transnational cooperation.. At least 

ducive to integrated territorial development, concentrating primarily on the following 

two countries shall act as beneficiaries, 

priority areas: sustainable urban development: strengthening polycentric development 

while one needs to be a member state 

at transnational, national and regional level, with a clear transnational impact.. Actions 

(Article 19(1))..

may include the creation and improvement of urban networks and urban-rural links; 

strategies to tackle common urban-rural issues; preservation and promotion of the cul-

tural heritage, and the strategic integration of development zones on a transnational 

basis..

10

Areas with geographical and natural handicaps: financing of investments aimed at 

Only areas with geographical and natural 

improving accessibility, promoting and developing economic activities related to the 

handicaps..

cultural and natural heritage, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and 

encouraging sustainable tourism..

Unlikely to be applicable..

ESF

CF

2(1)b

tion policy under the policy and action programme on the environment, in this context 

also including areas related to sustainable development which clearly present environ-

mental benefits, namely energy efficiency and renewable energy and, in the transport 

sector outside the trans-European networks, rail, river and sea transport, intermodal 

transport systems and their interoperability, management of road, sea and air traffic, 

clean urban transport and public transport..

109

 
 
 
 
 
European Regional Development Fund,  
European Social Fund, and Cohesion Fund.

Council Regulation (EC) No 1083/2006  
of 11 July 2006 laying down general provisions  
on the European Regional Development Fund,  
the European Social Fund and the Cohesion Fund 
and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1260/1999;

Regulation (EC) No 1080/2006 of the European  
Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 
on the European Regional Development Fund 
and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1783/1999);

Regulation (EC) No 1081/2006 of the  
European Parliament and of the Council  
of 5 July 2006 on the European Social Fund and 
repealing Regulation (EC) No 1784/1999; and

Council Regulation (EC) No 1084/2006 of  
11 July 2006 establishing a Cohesion Fund 
and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1164/94

http://europa..eu..int/comm/regional_policy/sources/ 
docoffic/official/regulation/newregl0713_en..htm 

REFERENCES,  
KEY PUBLICATIONS,  
KEY WEBSITES

For  further  information,  see  the  following  documents 
and websites:

DG Environment

Guidance Handbook Online version in 22 languages 
and IT-tool to create/outline „co-financing plans“  
for individual Natura 2000 sites: 
http://ec..europa..eu/environment/nature/
natura2000/financing/index_en..htm

In relation to specific  
European Funds

European Agricultural Fund  
for Rural Development 

Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 of  
20 September 2005 on support for rural  
development by the European Agricultural Fund  
for Rural Development (EAFRD).. OJ L 277/2 21..10..2005; 
Community Strategic Guidelines for Rural  
Development.. OJ L..55/20 25..02..2006

See also DG Agriculture website: 
http://europa..eu..int/comm/agriculture/index_en..htm 

European Fisheries Fund

Council Regulation (EC) No 1198/2006  
of 27 July 2006 on the European Fisheries Fund 

http://ec..europa..eu/fisheries/cfp/structural_measures/ 
arrangements_2007_2013_en..htm 

110

Financing Instrument  
for the Environment (LIFE+)

Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 of the European  
Parliament and of the Council of 23 May 2007  
concerning the Financial Instrument  
for the Environment (LIFE+):  
http://eur-lex..europa..eu/LexUriServ/site/en/
oj/2007/l_149/l_14920070609en00010016..pdf

7th Research Framework Programme (FP7)

Decision No 1982/2006/EC of the European  
Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 
concerning the Seventh Framework Programme of the 
European Community for research, technological  
development and demonstration activities (2007–13)

See Cordis website for latest information: 
http://www..cordis..lu/fp7/ 

Additional References

CEC (2005) Handbook for Environmental Project  
Funding.. DG-Environment.. Available at:  
www..europa..eu..int/comm/environment/ 
funding/pdf/handbook_funding..pdf 

WWF (2005) EU funding for the Environment:  
A handbook for the 2007–13 programming period 
Available at:  
http://assets..panda..org/downloads/ 
eufundingforenvironmentweb..pdf 

WWF, Natuur en Milieu, and LUPG (2005)  
Rural Development Environmental Programming 
Guidelines: A manual based on the findings  
of the Europe’s living countryside project..  
Available at:  
http://assets..panda..org/ 
downloads/elcomanualfinal..pdf 

111

NOTES

112

ý
k
s
n
á
r
t
S

..

M
©

 
 
..

l

d
e
g
d
e
w
o
n
k
c
a
s
i

i

e
c
r
u
o
s
e
h
t
d
e
d
v
o
r
p
d
e
s
i
r
o
h
t
u
a
s
i

n
o
i
t
c
u
d
o
r
p
e
R

|

7
0
0
2

,
s
e
i
t
i
n
u
m
m
o
C
n
a
e
p
o
r
u
E
©