2009/73/EC: Commission Decision of 17 December 2008 amending Decision 2007/589/EC as regards the inclusion of monitoring and reporting guidelines for emissions of nitrous oxide (notified under document number C(2008) 8040) Text with EEA relevance
Date: 2008-12-17
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: central bank, data protection, disclosure of information, innovation, operation of the Institutions, payment, provision of services, technological change

L 24/18

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

28.1.2009

COMMISSION DECISION

of 17 December 2008

amending Decision 2007/589/EC as regards the inclusion of monitoring and reporting guidelines for
emissions of nitrous oxide

(notified under document number C(2008) 8040)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2009/73/EC)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty
Community,

establishing the European

Having regard to Directive 2003/87/EC of
the European
Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing
a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within
the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC (1),
and in particular Articles 14(1) and 24(3) thereof,

Whereas:

for

Report (1995 IPCC GWP value). This value should be
used in order
there to be absolute consistency
between reports by installations and by Member States
reporting their national emissions inventories under the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol.

Decision 2007/589/EC should therefore be amended
accordingly.

The measures provided for
accordance with the opinion of
Committee,

in this Decision are in
the Climate Change

(6)

(7)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

The complete, consistent, transparent and accurate moni­
toring and reporting of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in
accordance with the guidelines laid down in this Decision
are fundamental for the operation of the greenhouse gas
emission allowance trading scheme (EU ETS) established
by Directive 2003/87/EC in relation to installations
included in the EU ETS pursuant to Article 24 of that
Directive in respect of their emissions of N2O.

The monitoring and reporting guidelines set out in the
Commission Decision 2007/589/EC of 18 July 2007
establishing guidelines for the monitoring and reporting
to Directive
of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant
2003/87/EC of
the
Council (2) do not cover emissions of N2O.

the European Parliament and of

The Netherlands have applied to include N2O emissions
from nitric acid plants in the EU ETS for the period
2008-2012.

Specific
emissions
systems should therefore be added.

for
continuous

guidelines
by

the determination of N2O
emission measurement

The global warming potential of 1 tonne of N2O for
emissions during the period 2008-2012 should be
considered to be equivalent to 310 tonnes of carbon
dioxide, which is the value provided in the Intergovern­
mental Panel on Climate Change’s Second Assessment

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1

Amendments to Decision 2007/589/EC

Decision 2007/589/EC is amended as follows:

1.

in Article 1, the first paragraph is replaced by the following:

for

‘The guidelines
the monitoring and reporting of
listed in
greenhouse gas emissions
activities
Annex
included pursuant to Article 24(1) of that Directive, are set
out in the Annexes to this Decision.’;

from the activities
and of

to Directive 2003/87/EC,

I

2.

in the Table of Annexes, the following entry is added:

‘Annex XIII: Activity-specific guidelines for determination of
nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from nitric acid, adipic acid,
caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid production’;

3. Annex I is amended as set out in Part A of the Annex to this

Decision;

(1) OJ L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32.
(2) OJ L 229, 31.8.2007, p. 1.

4. Annex XIII is added as set out in Part B of the Annex to this

Decision.

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Official Journal of the European Union

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Article 2

Application

This Decision shall apply from 1 January 2008.

This Decision is addressed to the Member States.

Article 3

Addressees

Done at Brussels, 17 December 2008.

For the Commission

Stavros DIMAS
Member of the Commission

L 24/20

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Official Journal of the European Union

28.1.2009

ANNEX

A. Annex I is amended as follows:

1. Section 2 is amended as follows:

(a) the introductory part is replaced by the following:

‘For the purposes of this Annex and Annexes II to XIII the definitions of Directive 2003/87/EC shall apply.’;

(b) in paragraph 1, point (g) is replaced by the following:

‘(g) “tier” means a specific element of a methodology for determining activity data, emission factors, annual

emission, annual average hourly emission and oxidation or conversion factors;’;

2.

in Section 3, the second paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘Completeness. Monitoring and reporting for an installation shall cover all process and combustion emissions from
all emission sources and source streams belonging to activities listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC and other
relevant activities included pursuant to Article 24 of the Directive and of all greenhouse gases specified in relation
to those activities while avoiding double-counting.’;

3. Section 4.3 is amended as follows:

(a) point (g) is replaced by the following:

‘(g) evidence demonstrating compliance with the uncertainty thresholds for activity data and other parameters

(where applicable) for the applied tiers for each source stream and/or emission source;’;

(b) point (m) is replaced by the following:

‘(m) a description of the procedures for data acquisition, handling activities and control activities as well as a

description of the activities (see Section 10.1-3, and Annex XIII, Section 8);’;

4. Section 6 is amended as follows:

(a)

in Section 6.1, the first paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘As set out in Section 4.2, greenhouse gas emissions may be determined by a measurement-based methodology
using continuous emission measurement systems (CEMS) from all or selected emission sources using stand-
ardised or accepted methods once the operator has received approval from the competent authority before the
reporting period that using a CEMS achieves greater accuracy than the calculation of emissions using the most
accurate tier approach. Specific approaches for measurement-based methodologies are laid down in Annexes XII
and XIII. Installations applying CEMS as part of their monitoring system are to be notified by Member States to
the Commission pursuant to Article 21 of Directive 2003/87/EC.’;

(b) Section 6.2 is amended as follows:

(i) the first paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘The highest tier levels pursuant to Annexes XII and XIII shall be used by the operator of an installation for
each emission source which is listed in the greenhouse gas emissions permit and for which relevant
greenhouse gas emissions are determined by applying CEMS.’;

(ii) the third paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘For the reporting periods 2008–12 as a minimum Tier 2 in Annex XII for CO2 emissions and the
minimum tiers set out in Annex XIII for N2O emissions shall be applied unless technically not feasible.’;

28.1.2009

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Official Journal of the European Union

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(c) Section 6.3 is amended as follows:

(i) point (a) is replaced by the following:

‘(a) Sampling rates

Hourly averages (a valid hour of data) shall be computed for all elements of the emission determi­
nation (as applicable) — as laid out in Annexes XII and XIII — by using all data points available for
that specific hour. In case of equipment being out of control or out of operation for part of the hour,
the hourly average shall be calculated pro rata to the remaining data points for that specific hour. In
case a valid hour of data cannot be computed for an element of emission determination, as less than
50 % of the maximum number of hourly data points are available, the hour is lost. For each instance
where a valid hour of data cannot be computed, values for substitution according to the provisions of
this Section shall be calculated.’;

(ii) the introductory part of the first paragraph of point (c) is replaced by the following:

‘Parallel to emission determination by a measurement-based methodology in accordance with Annexes XII
and XIII, annual emissions of each considered GHG shall be determined by calculation based on one of the
following options:’;

(iii) the fourth paragraph of point (c) is replaced by the following:

‘Where comparison with results of
the
measurement approach are not valid, the operator shall use substitution values as described under this
Section (excluding for monitoring in accordance with Annex XIII).’;

the calculation approach clearly indicates that

results of

5.

in Section 7.2, the introductory part of the first paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘As set out in Section 4.2, an operator can justify the use of measurement-based methodology if it reliably results in
a lower uncertainty than the relevant calculation-based methodology (compare Section 4.2) or he is required to use
a measurement based method in accordance with Annex XIII. In order to provide this justification to the competent
authority,
the quantitative results of a more comprehensive uncertainty analysis
considering the following sources of uncertainty taking into account EN 14181:’;

the operator shall report

6.

in Section 8, the 10th paragraph is replaced by the following:

‘Emissions shall be reported as rounded tonnes of CO2 or CO2(e) (for example 1 245 978 tonnes). Activity data,
emission factors and oxidation or conversion factors shall be rounded to include only significant digits both for
emission calculations and reporting purposes.’;

7. Section 13.5 is amended as follows:

(a) the heading is replaced by the following:

‘13.5. REQUIREMENTS

FOR DETERMINATION OF

FUEL AND MATERIAL

PROPERTIES, AND

CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS MEASUREMENT’;

(b) Section 13.5.1 is replaced by the following:

‘13.5.1. USE OF ACCREDITED LABORATORIES

The laboratory (including other service providers) used to determine the emission factor, net calorific
value, oxidation factor, carbon content, the biomass fraction, composition data or to carry out
calibrations and relevant equipment assessments for CEMS should be accredited according to
EN ISO 17025:2005 (General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration labora­
tories).’.

8.

in Section 14, the following table is added:

L 24/22

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

28.1.2009

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28.1.2009

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Official Journal of the European Union

L 24/23

B. The following Annex XIII is added:

‘ANNEX XIII

Activity-specific guidelines for determination of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from nitric acid, adipic acid,
caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid production

1.

BOUNDARIES AND COMPLETENESS

The activity-specific guidelines contained in this Annex shall apply to monitoring N2O emissions occurring from
the production of nitric acid, adipic acid, caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid within relevant installations
included pursuant to Article 24 of Directive 2003/87/EC.

For each activity from which N2O emissions result, all sources emitting N2O from production processes shall be
covered, including where N2O emissions from production are channelled through any abatement equipment. This
includes:

— nitric acid production — N2O emissions from the catalytic oxidation of ammonia and/or from the NOx/N2O

abatement units,

— adipic acid production — N2O emissions, including from the oxidation reaction, any direct process venting

and/or any emissions control equipment,

— glyoxal and glyoxylic acid production — N2O emissions, including from the process reactions, any direct

process venting and/or any emissions control equipment,

— caprolactam production — N2O emissions, including from the process reactions, any direct process venting

and/or any emissions control equipment.

These provisions are not applicable to any N2O emissions from combustion of fuels.

Any relevant CO2 emissions directly associated with the production process (and not already covered under the
EU ETS) that are included in the installation’s greenhouse gas emission permit shall be monitored and reported in
accordance with these guidelines.

Annex I, Section 16 does not apply to the monitoring of N2O emissions.

2. DETERMINATION OF CO2(e) AND N2O EMISSIONS

2.1. ANNUAL N2O EMISSIONS

Emissions of N2O from nitric acid production shall be measured using continuous emissions measurement
(excluding for de minimis sources — Section 6.3).

Emissions of N2O from adipic acid, caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid production shall be monitored using
continuous emissions measurement for abated emissions and the calculation method (based on a mass balance
approach (Section 2.6)) for temporary occurrences of unabated emissions.

Total annual N2O emissions from the installation are the sum of annual N2O emissions from all its emission
sources.

For each emission source where continuous emissions measurement is applied, the total annual emissions are the
sum of all hourly emissions using the following formula:

N2O emissionsannual

½t(cid:1) ¼

X

½N2O conc hourly

½mg=Nm3(cid:1) (cid:2) flue gas flow hourly

½Nm3=h(cid:1)(cid:1) (cid:2) 10

(cid:3)9

Where:

N2O emissionsannual = total annual emissions of N2O from the emission source in tonnes N2O

L 24/24

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Official Journal of the European Union

28.1.2009

N2O conc hourly

= hourly concentrations of N2O in mg/Nm3 in the flue gas flow measured during operation

Flue gas flow

= flue gas flow as calculated below in Nm3/h for each hourly concentration

2.2. HOURLY N2O EMISSIONS

Annual average hourly N2O emissions for each source where continuous emission measurement is applied shall
be calculated using the following equation:

N2O emissionsav hourly

½kg=h(cid:1) ¼

P

ðN2O conc hourly

½mg=Nm3(cid:1) (cid:2) flue gas low ½Nm3=h(cid:1)Þ (cid:2) 10(cid:3)6
Hours of operation ½h(cid:1)

Where:

N2O emissionsav hourly = annual average hourly N2O emissions in kg/h from the source

N2O conc hourly

= hourly concentrations of N2O in mg/Nm3 in the flue gas flow measured during

operation

Flue gas flow

= flue gas flow as calculated below in Nm3/h for each hourly concentration

The total uncertainty of the annual hourly average emissions for each emission source must not exceed the tier
values as set out below. The highest tier approach shall be used by all operators. Only if it is shown to the
satisfaction of the competent authority that the highest tier is not technically feasible or will lead to unreasonably
high costs, may a next lower tier be used. For the reporting period 2008–12 as a minimum Tier 2 shall be
applied unless technically not feasible.

In cases for which it is technically not feasible or would lead to unreasonable costs to apply at least Tier 1
requirements for each emission source (except de minimis sources), the operator shall apply and demonstrate
compliance with the appropriate tier for the total annual emission for the emission source as in Section 2, Annex
XII. For the reporting period 2008–12 the minimum requirement is Tier 2, unless technically not feasible.
Respective installations applying this approach are to be notified by Member States to the Commission
pursuant to Article 21 of Directive 2003/87/EC.

Tier 1:

For each emission source a total uncertainty of annual average hourly emissions of less than ± 10 % shall be
achieved.

Tier 2:

For each emission source a total uncertainty of annual average hourly emissions of less than ± 7,5 % shall be
achieved.

Tier 3:

For each emission source a total uncertainty of annual average hourly emissions of less than ± 5 % shall be
achieved.

2.3. HOURLY N2O CONCENTRATIONS

Hourly N2O concentrations [mg/Nm3] in the flue gas from each emission source shall be determined by
continuous measurement at a representative point, after the NOx/N2O abatement equipment (if abatement is
used).

Suitable measuring techniques include IR Spectroscopy, but others can be used in accordance with paragraph 2 of
Section 6.1 of Annex I, provided they achieve the required uncertainty level for the N2O emissions. The used
techniques must be capable of measuring N2O concentrations of all emission sources during both abated and
unabated conditions (for example during periods when abatement equipment fails and concentrations increase). If
uncertainties increase during such periods, these must be taken into account in the uncertainty assessment.

All measurements shall be adjusted to a dry gas basis and be reported consistently.

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2.4. DETERMINATION OF FLUE GAS FLOW

The methods for monitoring flue gas flow set out in Annex XII shall be used for measuring flue gas flow for N2O
emissions monitoring.

For nitric acid production, Method A shall be applied unless it is not technically feasible,
in which case an
alternative method, such as a mass balance approach based on significant parameters (such as ammonia input
load) or determination of flow by continuous emissions flow measurement, can be used provided it is approved
by the competent authority as part of the evaluation of the monitoring plan and the monitoring methodology
therein.

For other activities, other methods for monitoring flue gas flow described in Annex XII can be used, provided
they are approved by the competent authority as part of the evaluation of the monitoring plan and the
monitoring methodology therein.

Method A — nitric acid production

The flue gas flow shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula:

Vflue gas flow

½Nm3=h(cid:1) ¼ Vair (cid:2) ð1 – O2; airÞ=ð1 – O2; flue gas

Þ

Where:

Vair

= total input air flow in Nm3/h at standard conditions;

O2 air

= volume fraction of O2 in dry air [= 0,2095];

O2 flue gas = volume fraction of O2 in flue gas.

The Vair shall be calculated as the sum of all air flows entering the nitric acid production unit.

The installation shall apply the following formula, unless stated otherwise in its monitoring plan:

Vair = Vprim + Vsec + Vseal

Where:

Vprim = Primary input air flow in Nm3/h at standard conditions;

Vsec = Secondary input air flow in Nm3/h at standard conditions;

Vseal = Seal input air flow in Nm3/h at standard conditions.

The Vprim is determined by continuous flow measurement before the mixing with ammonia takes place. The Vsec
is determined by continuous flow measurement e.g. before the heat recovery unit. The Vseal is the purged airflow
within the nitric acid production process (if relevant).

For input air streams accounting for cumulatively less than 2,5 % of the total air flow, the competent authority
may accept estimation methods for determination of this air flow rate proposed by the operator based on
industry best practices.

The operator shall provide evidence through measurements under normal operation conditions that the flue gas
flow measured is sufficiently homogeneous to allow for the proposed measurement method. If non-homogeneous
flow is confirmed through these measurements, this must be taken into account when determining appropriate
monitoring methods and when calculating the uncertainty in the N2O emissions.

All measurements shall be adjusted to a dry gas basis and be reported consistently.

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2.5. OXYGEN (O2)

Oxygen concentrations in the flue gas shall be measured if needed for calculating the flue gas flow according to
Section 2.4. Requirements described for concentration measurements within Section 6 of Annex I shall apply.
techniques include: paramagnetic alternating pressure, magnetic torsion balance or
Suitable measurement
zirconium dioxide probe. Uncertainty of O2 concentration measurements shall be taken into account
in
determining the uncertainty in the N2O emissions.

All measurements shall be adjusted to a dry gas basis and be reported consistently.

2.6. CALCULATION OF N2O EMISSIONS

For specific periodic, unabated emissions of N2O from adipic acid, caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid
production (such as unabated emissions from venting for safety reasons and/or when abatement plant fails)
where continuous emissions monitoring of N2O is not technically feasible, calculation of N2O emissions using a
mass balance approach can be applied. The calculation method shall be based on the maximum potential
emission rate of N2O from the chemical reaction taking place at the time and the period of the emission.
The specific calculation approach shall be approved by the competent authority as part of the evaluation of the
monitoring plan and the monitoring methodology therein.

The uncertainty in any calculated emissions for a specific emission source shall be taken into account in
determining the annual average hourly uncertainty for the emission source. The same tiers as for emissions
measured entirely with continuous emissions measurement shall be applied to calculated emissions, or where a
combination of calculation and continuous measurement are used to determine N2O emissions.

3. CALCULATION OF ANNUAL CO2 EQUIVALENTS (CO2(e))

The total annual N2O emissions from all emissions sources (measured in tonnes to three decimal places) shall be
converted to annual CO2(e) emissions (rounded tonnes) using the following formula:

CO2ðeÞ ½t(cid:1) ¼ N2Oannual

½t(cid:1) (cid:2) GWPN2O

For emissions during the period 2008–12, the Global Warming Potential GWPN2O = 310 t CO2(e)/t N2O shall be
used, which is the value provided in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Second Assessment Report
(1995 IPCC GWP value).

The total annual CO2(e) generated by all emission sources and any direct CO2 emissions from other emission
sources (if included in the greenhouse gas permit) shall be added to the total annual CO2 emissions generated by
the installation and shall be used for reporting and surrendering allowances.

4. DETERMINATION OF ACTIVITY PRODUCTION RATES

Production rates shall be calculated using daily production reports and hours of operation.

5. MONITORING PLAN

In addition to requirements set out in Annex I, Section 4.3(a), (b), (c), (d), (j), (k), (m) and (n), monitoring plans
for installations covered by this Annex shall contain the following information:

(a) all relevant emissions points during typical operation, and during restrictive and transition phases (e.g.

breakdown periods or commissioning phases) shown in a process diagram;

(b) the method and parameters used to determine the quantity of materials (e.g. ammonia) used in the

production process and the maximum quantity of material used at full capacity;

(c)

the method and parameters used to determine the quantity of product produced as an hourly load, expressed
as nitric acid (100 %), adipic acid (100 %), glyoxal and glyoxylic acid and caprolactam per hour respectively;

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Official Journal of the European Union

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(d) the method and parameters used to determine the N2O concentration in the flue gas from each emission
its operating range, and its uncertainty, and details of any alternative methods to be applied if

source,
concentrations fall outside the operating range and the situations when this may occur;

(e)

the method used to determine the total flue gas flow rate (expressed in Nm3 per hour) from each emission
source, its operating range and its uncertainty. If derived by calculation, details for each monitored flue gas
stream shall be given;

(f)

the calculation method used to determine N2O emissions from periodic, unabated sources in adipic acid,
caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid production;

(g) the way in which or the extent to which the installation operates with variable loads, and the manner in

which the operational management is carried out;

(h) the method and any calculation formulae used to determine the annual N2O emissions of each emission

source;

(i)

the process conditions that deviate from normal operations, an indication of the potential frequency and the
duration of such conditions, as well as an indication of the volume of the N2O emissions during the deviating
process conditions (such as abatement equipment malfunction);

(j)

the assessment used to show that the tier uncertainty requirements referred in Section 2 of this Annex are
complied with and the tier achieved;

(k) the value expressed in kg/N2O per hour which has been determined in accordance with Annex I, Sections
6.3(a) and (b) in order to be used in case the measuring instrument fails or does not function properly;

(l) Details of any deviations from the requirements of general standards such as EN 14181 and ISO

14956:2002.

In addition to the requirements in Annex I, Section 4.3, a substantial change to the monitoring methodology as
part of the monitoring plan shall be subject to the approval of the competent authority if it concerns:

— significant changes in the functioning of the installation that affect the total level of N2O emissions, the N2O
concentration, the flow rate or other parameters of the flue gas, especially if N2O abatement measures are
installed or replaced,

— changes in the methods used to determine N2O emissions, including changes in the continuous measurement
of concentrations, oxygen concentrations and flue gas flow, or calculation method which significantly affect
the total uncertainty of the emissions,

— changes in the parameters used to determine annual emissions and/or production of nitric acid, adipic acid,

caprolactam, glyoxal and glyoxylic acid,

— changes in uncertainty assessment.

6. GENERAL

6.1. SAMPLING RATES

Valid hourly averages shall be calculated in accordance with Section 6.3(a) of Annex I for:

— concentration of N2O in the flue gas,

— total flue gas flow where this is measured directly and where required,

— all gas flows and oxygen concentrations necessary to determine the total flue gas flow indirectly.

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6.2. MISSING DATA

Missing data shall be dealt with in accordance with Annex I, Section 6.3(a) and (b). If missing data occur during
failure of abatement equipment,
it shall be assumed that emissions for that whole hour were unabated and
substitute values calculated accordingly.

The operator shall take all practical steps to ensure that continuous emissions monitoring equipment is not out of
operation for more than one week in any calendar year. If this occurs, the operator shall inform the competent
authority immediately.

6.3. DE MINIMIS SOURCES OF N2O

‘De minimis source streams’ for N2O emission sources means one or more minor, unabated source streams
selected by the operator and jointly emitting 1 000 tonnes of CO2(e) or less per year, or that emit less that
20 000 tonnes of CO2(e) per year and contribute less than 2 % of the total annual emissions of CO2(e) of that
installation.

Subject to approval by the competent authority, the operator may apply approaches for monitoring and reporting
using his own no-tier estimation method for de minimis source streams of N2O.

6.4. CORROBORATING CALCULATION OF EMISSIONS

Annex I, Section 6.3(c) shall apply to corroborating reported emissions of N2O (from continuous emissions
measurement and calculation) and performed using production data, the 2006 IPCC Guidelines and the approach
specified in Annex I, Section 10.3.3 “Horizontal approach”.

7. UNCERTAINTY ASSESSMENTS

Uncertainty assessments required to demonstrate compliance with relevant tiers in Section 2 shall be determined
by means of an error propagation calculation taking into account the uncertainty of all relevant elements of the
emission calculation. For the continuous measurement the following sources of uncertainty should be assessed in
accordance with EN 14181 and ISO 14956:2002:

— the specified uncertainty of continuous measurement equipment, including sampling,

— uncertainties associated to the calibration, and

— additional uncertainty connected to how the monitoring equipment is used in practice.

For the calculation of the total uncertainty to be used in Section 2.2, hourly N2O concentrations as determined
pursuant to Section 2.3 shall be used. For the purpose of uncertainty calculation only, hourly N2O concentrations
below 20 mg/Nm3 shall be substituted by a default value of 20 mg/Nm3.

The operator, via the quality assurance and control process, shall manage and reduce the remaining uncertainties
of the emissions data in his emissions report. During the verification process, the verifier shall check the correct
application of the approved monitoring methodology, and shall assess the management and reduction of
remaining uncertainties via the operator’s quality assurance and control procedures.

8. CONTROL AND VERIFICATION

8.1. CONTROL

In addition to the requirements in Annex I, Sections 10.1, 10.2 and 10.3, the following quality assurance
procedures shall apply:

— quality assurance of the continuous measurements of the concentration of N2O and oxygen shall take place in

accordance with EN 14181,

— the installed measurement equipment shall be calibrated by means of parallel measurements once every three

years,

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— where emission limit values (ELVs) are typically used as the basis for calibration of continuous emissions
monitors, and where no ELV exists for N2O or O2, then the annual average hourly concentration shall be
used as a proxy for such ELVs,

— the QAL 2 should be done with suitable reference gases in addition to the sample gas, to ensure that a wide

enough calibration range is assessed,

— the measurement equipment that measures the flue gas flow volume shall be calibrated annually or when the
plant is maintained, whichever is sooner. Quality assurance of flue gas flow volume does not need to be
performed in accordance with EN 14181,

— if internal audits find non-compliance with EN 14181 or that recalibration has to be performed, this shall be

reported to the competent authority without undue delay.

8.2. VERIFICATION

In addition to the verification requirements set out in Section 10.4, the following will be checked:

— correctness of application of requirements of the standards named under Sections 7 and 8.1 of this Annex,

— calculation approaches and results where missing data has been substituted by calculated values,

— plausibility of calculated substitute values and measured values,

— any comparative assessments corroborating emissions results and calculation based methods and the reporting

of activity data, emission factors and alike.

9. REPORTING

Total annual emissions of N2O shall be reported in tonnes to three decimal places and as CO2(e) to rounded
tonnes.

In addition to the reporting requirements set out in Section 8 of Annex I, operators of installations covered by
this Annex shall report the following information for installations:

(a) annual process unit operating time and total plant operating time;

(b) production data for each unit and the method used to determine the quantity of product;

(c) measurement criteria used in the quantification of each parameter;

(d) the uncertainty for each measured and calculated parameter (including gas concentrations, flue gas flow,
calculated emissions) and the resulting total uncertainty of the hourly load and/or annual emission figure;

(e) details of any equipment malfunctions that affected emissions and emissions/flue gas flow measurements and

calculations, including number of occasions, hours affected, duration and dates of malfunctions;

(f) details of when Section 6.2 of this Annex needed to be applied,

including number of occasions, hours

affected, calculations and substitute values used;

(g) the input data used in any corroborating assessments in accordance with Annex I, Sections 6.3(c) and 4.3 to

check the annual N2O emissions.’