Commission Regulation (EC) No 1274/2008 of 17 December 2008 amending Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008 adopting certain international accounting standards in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards International Accounting Standard (IAS) 1 (Text with EEA relevance)
Date: 2008-12-17
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: accounting, business administration, financial analysis, international standard

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COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1274/2008

of 17 December 2008

amending Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008 adopting certain international accounting standards in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council
as regards International Accounting Standard (IAS) 1

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty
Community,

establishing the European

Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 of
the
European Parliament and of the Council of 19 July 2002 on
the application of international accounting standards (1), and in
particular Article 3(1) thereof,

Whereas:

(1)

(2)

(3)

By Commission Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008 (2)
certain international standards and interpretations that
were extant at 15 October 2008 were adopted.

On 6 September 2007,
the International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB) published the revision of Inter­
national Accounting Standard (IAS) 1 Presentation of
‘revised IAS 1’. The
Financial Statements, hereinafter
revised IAS 1 amends some of the requirements for the
presentation of
the financial statements and requires
some additional information in certain circumstances; it
some other accounting standards. The
also amends
revised
International Accounting
1
IAS
Standard (IAS) 1 Presentation of Financial Statements
revised in 2003, as amended in 2005.

replaces

The consultation with the Technical Expert Group (TEG)
the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group
of
(EFRAG) confirms that
the revised IAS 1 meets the
technical criteria for adoption set out in Article 3(2) of
Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002.
In accordance with
Commission Decision 2006/505/EC of 14 July 2006
setting up a Standards Advice Review Group to advise

Financial

the Commission on the objectivity and neutrality of the
Reporting Advisory Group’s
European
(EFRAG’s) opinions (3),
the Standards Advice Review
Group considered EFRAG’s opinion on endorsement
and advised the European Commission that it is well-
balanced and objective.

Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008 should therefore be
amended accordingly.

The measures provided for in this Regulation are in
accordance with the opinion of the Accounting Regu­
latory Committee,

(4)

(5)

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Standard

(IAS) 1 Presentation of

In the Annex to Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008, International
Financial
Accounting
Statements (revised in 2003), as amended in 2005, is replaced
by the International Accounting Standard (IAS) 1 Presentation
of Financial Statements (revised in 2007) in the Annex to this
Regulation.

Article 2

Each company shall apply IAS 1 (revised in 2007), as set out in
the Annex to this Regulation, at
the latest, as from the
financial year starting after
commencement date of
31 December 2008.

its first

Article 3

This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following
its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 17 December 2008.

For the Commission

Charlie McCREEVY
Member of the Commission

(1) OJ L 243, 11.9.2002, p. 1.
(2) OJ L 320, 29.11.2008, p. 1.

(3) OJ L 199, 21.7.2006, p. 33.

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ANNEX

INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

IAS 1

IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (Revised 2007)

Reproduction allowed within the European Economic Area. All existing rights reserved outside the EEA, with
the exception of the right to reproduce for the purposes of personal use or other fair dealing. Further
information can be obtained from the IASB at www.iasb.org

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INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD 1

Presentation of Financial Statements

OBJECTIVE

1

This Standard prescribes the basis for presentation of general purpose financial statements to ensure comparability
both with the entity’s financial statements of previous periods and with the financial statements of other entities. It
sets out overall requirements for the presentation of financial statements, guidelines for their structure and minimum
requirements for their content.

SCOPE

2

3

4

5

6

An entity shall apply this Standard in preparing and presenting general purpose financial statements in accordance
with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs).

Other IFRSs set out the recognition, measurement and disclosure requirements for specific transactions and other
events.

This Standard does not apply to the structure and content of condensed interim financial statements prepared in
accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting. However, paragraphs 15–35 apply to such financial statements.
This Standard applies equally to all entities, including those that present consolidated financial statements and those
that present separate financial statements as defined in IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements.

This Standard uses terminology that is suitable for profit-oriented entities, including public sector business entities. If
entities with not-for-profit activities in the private sector or the public sector apply this Standard, they may need to
amend the descriptions used for particular line items in the financial statements and for the financial statements
themselves.

Similarly, entities that do not have equity as defined in IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation (e.g. some mutual
funds) and entities whose share capital is not equity (e.g. some co-operative entities) may need to adapt the financial
statement presentation of members’ or unitholders’ interests.

DEFINITIONS

7

The following terms are used in this Standard with the meanings specified:

General purpose financial statements (referred to as financial statements) are those intended to meet the needs of users
who are not in a position to require an entity to prepare reports tailored to their particular information needs.

Impracticable Applying a requirement is impracticable when the entity cannot apply it after making every reasonable
effort to do so.

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) are Standards and Interpretations adopted by the International
Accounting Standards Board (IASB). They comprise:

(a)

International Financial Reporting Standards;

(b) International Accounting Standards; and

(c)

Interpretations developed by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) or the
former Standing Interpretations Committee (SIC).

Material Omissions or misstatements of items are material if they could, individually or collectively, influence the
economic decisions that users make on the basis of the financial statements. Materiality depends on the size and
nature of the omission or misstatement judged in the surrounding circumstances. The size or nature of the item, or
a combination of both, could be the determining factor.

Assessing whether an omission or misstatement could influence economic decisions of users, and so be material,
requires consideration of the characteristics of those users. The Framework for the Preparation and Presentation of
Financial Statements states in paragraph 25 that ‘users are assumed to have a reasonable knowledge of business
and economic activities and accounting and a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence.’
Therefore,
the assessment needs to take into account how users with such attributes could reasonably be
expected to be influenced in making economic decisions.

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financial position, statement of
Notes contain information in addition to that presented in the statement of
comprehensive income, separate income statement (if presented), statement of changes in equity and statement
of cash flows. Notes provide narrative descriptions or disaggregations of items presented in those statements and
information about items that do not qualify for recognition in those statements.

Other comprehensive income comprises items of income and expense (including reclassification adjustments) that are
not recognised in profit or loss as required or permitted by other IFRSs.

The components of other comprehensive income include:

(a) changes in revaluation surplus (see IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment and IAS 38 Intangible Assets);

(b) actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans recognised in accordance with paragraph 93A of IAS 19

Employee Benefits;

(c) gains and losses arising from translating the financial statements of a foreign operation (see IAS 21 The Effects of

Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates);

(d) gains and losses on remeasuring available-for-sale financial assets (see IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition

and Measurement);

(e)

the effective portion of gains and losses on hedging instruments in a cash flow hedge (see IAS 39).

Owners are holders of instruments classified as equity.

Profit or loss is the total of income less expenses, excluding the components of other comprehensive income.

Reclassification adjustments are amounts reclassified to profit or loss in the current period that were recognised in
other comprehensive income in the current or previous periods.

Total comprehensive income is the change in equity during a period resulting from transactions and other events, other
than those changes resulting from transactions with owners in their capacity as owners.

Total comprehensive income comprises all components of ‘profit or loss’ and of ‘other comprehensive income’.

8

Although this Standard uses the terms ‘other comprehensive income’,
‘profit or loss’ and ‘total comprehensive
income’, an entity may use other terms to describe the totals as long as the meaning is clear. For example, an
entity may use the term ‘net income’ to describe profit or loss.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Purpose of financial statements

9

Financial statements are a structured representation of the financial position and financial performance of an entity.
The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, financial performance
and cash flows of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions. Financial
statements also show the results of the management’s stewardship of the resources entrusted to it. To meet this
objective, financial statements provide information about an entity’s:

(a) assets;

(b) liabilities;

(c) equity;

(d) income and expenses, including gains and losses;

(e) contributions by and distributions to owners in their capacity as owners; and

(f) cash flows.

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This information, along with other information in the notes, assists users of financial statements in predicting the
entity’s future cash flows and, in particular, their timing and certainty.

Complete set of financial statements

10 A complete set of financial statements comprises:

(a) a statement of financial position as at the end of the period;

(b) a statement of comprehensive income for the period;

(c) a statement of changes in equity for the period;

(d) a statement of cash flows for the period;

(e) notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information; and

(f) a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the earliest comparative period when an entity applies an
accounting policy retrospectively or makes a retrospective restatement of items in its financial statements, or
when it reclassifies items in its financial statements.

An entity may use titles for the statements other than those used in this Standard.

11 An entity shall present with equal prominence all of the financial statements in a complete set of financial

statements.

12 As permitted by paragraph 81, an entity may present the components of profit or loss either as part of a single
statement of comprehensive income or in a separate income statement. When an income statement is presented it is
part of a complete set of
financial statements and shall be displayed immediately before the statement of
comprehensive income.

13 Many entities present, outside the financial statements, a financial review by management that describes and explains
the main features of the entity’s financial performance and financial position, and the principal uncertainties it faces.
Such a report may include a review of:

(a)

the main factors and influences determining financial performance, including changes in the environment in
which the entity operates, the entity’s response to those changes and their effect, and the entity’s policy for
investment to maintain and enhance financial performance, including its dividend policy;

(b) the entity’s sources of funding and its targeted ratio of liabilities to equity; and

(c)

the entity’s resources not recognised in the statement of financial position in accordance with IFRSs.

14 Many entities also present, outside the financial statements, reports and statements such as environmental reports
and value added statements, particularly in industries in which environmental factors are significant and when
employees are regarded as an important user group. Reports and statements presented outside financial statements
are outside the scope of IFRSs.

General features

Fair presentation and compliance with IFRSs

15 Financial statements shall present fairly the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of an entity. Fair
presentation requires the faithful representation of the effects of transactions, other events and conditions in
accordance with the definitions and recognition criteria for assets, liabilities, income and expenses set out in the
Framework. The application of IFRSs, with additional disclosure when necessary, is presumed to result in financial
statements that achieve a fair presentation.

16 An entity whose financial statements comply with IFRSs shall make an explicit and unreserved statement of such
compliance in the notes. An entity shall not describe financial statements as complying with IFRSs unless they
comply with all the requirements of IFRSs.

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17 In virtually all circumstances, an entity achieves a fair presentation by compliance with applicable IFRSs. A fair

presentation also requires an entity:

(a)

to select and apply accounting policies in accordance with IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting
Estimates and Errors. IAS 8 sets out a hierarchy of authoritative guidance that management considers in the
absence of an IFRS that specifically applies to an item.

(b) to present information, including accounting policies, in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable

and understandable information.

(c)

to provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specific requirements in IFRSs is insufficient to
enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the entity’s
financial position and financial performance.

18 An entity cannot rectify inappropriate accounting policies either by disclosure of the accounting policies used or by

notes or explanatory material.

19 In the extremely rare circumstances in which management concludes that compliance with a requirement in an IFRS
would be so misleading that it would conflict with the objective of financial statements set out in the Framework, the
entity shall depart from that requirement in the manner set out in paragraph 20 if the relevant regulatory framework
requires, or otherwise does not prohibit, such a departure.

20 When an entity departs from a requirement of an IFRS in accordance with paragraph 19, it shall disclose:

(a)

that management has concluded that the financial statements present fairly the entity’s financial position,
financial performance and cash flows;

(b) that it has complied with applicable IFRSs, except that it has departed from a particular requirement to achieve a

fair presentation;

(c)

the title of the IFRS from which the entity has departed, the nature of the departure, including the treatment that
the IFRS would require, the reason why that treatment would be so misleading in the circumstances that it
would conflict with the objective of financial statements set out in the Framework, and the treatment adopted;
and

(d) for each period presented, the financial effect of the departure on each item in the financial statements that

would have been reported in complying with the requirement.

21 When an entity has departed from a requirement of an IFRS in a prior period, and that departure affects the
it shall make the disclosures set out in

amounts recognised in the financial statements for the current period,
paragraph 20(c) and (d).

22 Paragraph 21 applies, for example, when an entity departed in a prior period from a requirement in an IFRS for the
measurement of assets or liabilities and that departure affects the measurement of changes in assets and liabilities
recognised in the current period’s financial statements.

23 In the extremely rare circumstances in which management concludes that compliance with a requirement in an IFRS
would be so misleading that it would conflict with the objective of financial statements set out in the Framework, but
the relevant regulatory framework prohibits departure from the requirement, the entity shall, to the maximum extent
possible, reduce the perceived misleading aspects of compliance by disclosing:

(a)

the title of the IFRS in question, the nature of the requirement, and the reason why management has concluded
that complying with that requirement is so misleading in the circumstances that it conflicts with the objective of
financial statements set out in the Framework; and

(b) for each period presented, the adjustments to each item in the financial statements that management has

concluded would be necessary to achieve a fair presentation.

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24 For the purpose of paragraphs 19–23, an item of information would conflict with the objective of financial
it either
statements when it does not represent
purports to represent or could reasonably be expected to represent and, consequently,
it would be likely to
influence economic decisions made by users of financial statements. When assessing whether complying with a
specific requirement in an IFRS would be so misleading that it would conflict with the objective of financial
statements set out in the Framework, management considers:

faithfully the transactions, other events and conditions that

(a) why the objective of financial statements is not achieved in the particular circumstances; and

(b) how the entity’s circumstances differ from those of other entities that comply with the requirement. If other
entities in similar circumstances comply with the requirement, there is a rebuttable presumption that the entity’s
compliance with the requirement would not be so misleading that it would conflict with the objective of
financial statements set out in the Framework.

Going concern

25 When preparing financial statements, management shall make an assessment of an entity’s ability to continue as a
going concern. An entity shall prepare financial statements on a going concern basis unless management either
intends to liquidate the entity or to cease trading, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. When management is
aware, in making its assessment, of material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant
doubt upon the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern, the entity shall disclose those uncertainties. When an
entity does not prepare financial statements on a going concern basis, it shall disclose that fact, together with the
basis on which it prepared the financial statements and the reason why the entity is not regarded as a going
concern.

26 In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, management takes into account all available
information about the future, which is at least, but is not limited to, twelve months from the end of the reporting
period. The degree of consideration depends on the facts in each case. When an entity has a history of profitable
operations and ready access to financial resources, the entity may reach a conclusion that the going concern basis of
accounting is appropriate without detailed analysis. In other cases, management may need to consider a wide range
of
factors relating to current and expected profitability, debt repayment schedules and potential sources of
replacement financing before it can satisfy itself that the going concern basis is appropriate.

Accrual basis of accounting

27 An entity shall prepare its financial statements, except for cash flow information, using the accrual basis of

accounting.

28 When the accrual basis of accounting is used, an entity recognises items as assets, liabilities, equity, income and
expenses (the elements of financial statements) when they satisfy the definitions and recognition criteria for those
elements in the Framework.

Materiality and aggregation

29 An entity shall present separately each material class of similar items. An entity shall present separately items of a

dissimilar nature or function unless they are immaterial.

30 Financial statements result from processing large numbers of transactions or other events that are aggregated into
classes according to their nature or function. The final stage in the process of aggregation and classification is the
presentation of condensed and classified data, which form line items in the financial statements. If a line item is not
individually material, it is aggregated with other items either in those statements or in the notes. An item that is not
sufficiently material to warrant separate presentation in those statements may warrant separate presentation in the
notes.

31 An entity need not provide a specific disclosure required by an IFRS if the information is not material.

Offsetting

32 An entity shall not offset assets and liabilities or income and expenses, unless required or permitted by an IFRS.

33 An entity reports separately both assets and liabilities, and income and expenses. Offsetting in the statements of
comprehensive income or financial position or in the separate income statement (if presented), except when
offsetting reflects the substance of the transaction or other event, detracts from the ability of users both to
understand the transactions, other events and conditions that have occurred and to assess the entity’s future cash
flows. Measuring assets net of valuation allowances — for example, obsolescence allowances on inventories and
doubtful debts allowances on receivables — is not offsetting.

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34 IAS 18 Revenue defines revenue and requires an entity to measure it at the fair value of the consideration received or
receivable, taking into account the amount of any trade discounts and volume rebates the entity allows. An entity
undertakes, in the course of its ordinary activities, other transactions that do not generate revenue but are incidental
to the main revenue-generating activities. An entity presents the results of such transactions, when this presentation
reflects the substance of the transaction or other event, by netting any income with related expenses arising on the
same transaction. For example:

(a) an entity presents gains and losses on the disposal of non-current assets, including investments and operating
assets, by deducting from the proceeds on disposal the carrying amount of the asset and related selling expenses;
and

(b) an entity may net expenditure related to a provision that is recognised in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions,
Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets and reimbursed under a contractual arrangement with a third party (for
example, a supplier’s warranty agreement) against the related reimbursement.

35 In addition, an entity presents on a net basis gains and losses arising from a group of similar transactions, for
example, foreign exchange gains and losses or gains and losses arising on financial instruments held for trading.
However, an entity presents such gains and losses separately if they are material.

Frequency of reporting

36 An entity shall present a complete set of financial statements (including comparative information) at least annually.
When an entity changes the end of its reporting period and presents financial statements for a period longer or
in addition to the period covered by the financial statements:
shorter than one year, an entity shall disclose,

(a)

the reason for using a longer or shorter period, and

(b) the fact that amounts presented in the financial statements are not entirely comparable.

37 Normally, an entity consistently prepares financial statements for a one-year period. However, for practical reasons,
some entities prefer to report, for example, for a 52-week period. This Standard does not preclude this practice.

Comparative information

38 Except when IFRSs permit or require otherwise, an entity shall disclose comparative information in respect of the
previous period for all amounts reported in the current period’s financial statements. An entity shall
include
comparative information for narrative and descriptive information when it is relevant to an understanding of the
current period’s financial statements.

39 An entity disclosing comparative information shall present, as a minimum, two statements of financial position, two
of each of the other statements, and related notes. When an entity applies an accounting policy retrospectively or
makes a retrospective restatement of items in its financial statements or when it reclassifies items in its financial
statements,
it shall present, as a minimum, three statements of financial position, two of each of the other
statements, and related notes. An entity presents statements of financial position as at:

(a)

the end of the current period,

(b) the end of the previous period (which is the same as the beginning of the current period), and

(c)

the beginning of the earliest comparative period.

40 In some cases, narrative information provided in the financial statements for the previous period(s) continues to be
relevant in the current period. For example, an entity discloses in the current period details of a legal dispute whose
outcome was uncertain at the end of the immediately preceding reporting period and that is yet to be resolved.
Users benefit from information that the uncertainty existed at the end of the immediately preceding reporting
period, and about the steps that have been taken during the period to resolve the uncertainty.

41 When the entity changes the presentation or classification of items in its financial statements, the entity shall
reclassify comparative amounts unless reclassification is impracticable. When the entity reclassifies comparative
amounts, the entity shall disclose:

(a)

the nature of the reclassification;

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(b) the amount of each item or class of items that is reclassified; and

(c)

the reason for the reclassification.

42 When it is impracticable to reclassify comparative amounts, an entity shall disclose:

(a)

the reason for not reclassifying the amounts, and

(b) the nature of the adjustments that would have been made if the amounts had been reclassified.

43 Enhancing the inter-period comparability of information assists users in making economic decisions, especially by
allowing the assessment of trends in financial
information for predictive purposes. In some circumstances, it is
impracticable to reclassify comparative information for a particular prior period to achieve comparability with the
current period. For example, an entity may not have collected data in the prior period(s) in a way that allows
reclassification, and it may be impracticable to recreate the information.

44 IAS 8 sets out the adjustments to comparative information required when an entity changes an accounting policy or

corrects an error.

Consistency of presentation

45 An entity shall retain the presentation and classification of items in the financial statements from one period to the

next unless:

(a)

it is apparent, following a significant change in the nature of the entity’s operations or a review of its financial
statements, that another presentation or classification would be more appropriate having regard to the criteria
for the selection and application of accounting policies in IAS 8; or

(b) an IFRS requires a change in presentation.

46 For example, a significant acquisition or disposal, or a review of the presentation of the financial statements, might
suggest that the financial statements need to be presented differently. An entity changes the presentation of its
financial statements only if the changed presentation provides information that is reliable and more relevant to users
of the financial statements and the revised structure is likely to continue, so that comparability is not impaired.
When making such changes in presentation, an entity reclassifies its comparative information in accordance with
paragraphs 41 and 42.

STRUCTURE AND CONTENT

Introduction

47 This Standard requires particular disclosures in the statement of financial position or of comprehensive income, in
the separate income statement (if presented), or in the statement of changes in equity and requires disclosure of
other line items either in those statements or in the notes. IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows sets out requirements for
the presentation of cash flow information.

48 This Standard sometimes uses the term ‘disclosure’ in a broad sense, encompassing items presented in the financial
statements. Disclosures are also required by other IFRSs. Unless specified to the contrary elsewhere in this Standard
or in another IFRS, such disclosures may be made in the financial statements.

Identification of the financial statements

49 An entity shall clearly identify the financial statements and distinguish them from other information in the same

published document.

50 IFRSs apply only to financial statements, and not necessarily to other information presented in an annual report, a
regulatory filing, or another document. Therefore, it is important that users can distinguish information that is
prepared using IFRSs from other information that may be useful
those
requirements.

the subject of

to users but

is not

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51 An entity shall clearly identify each financial statement and the notes. In addition, an entity shall display the
the information presented to be

it when necessary for

following information prominently, and repeat
understandable:

(a)

the name of the reporting entity or other means of identification, and any change in that information from the
end of the preceding reporting period;

(b) whether the financial statements are of an individual entity or a group of entities;

(c)

the date of the end of the reporting period or the period covered by the set of financial statements or notes;

(d) the presentation currency, as defined in IAS 21; and

(e)

the level of rounding used in presenting amounts in the financial statements.

52 An entity meets the requirements in paragraph 51 by presenting appropriate headings for pages, statements, notes,
columns and the like. Judgement is required in determining the best way of presenting such information. For
example, when an entity presents the financial statements electronically, separate pages are not always used; an
entity then presents the above items to ensure that the information included in the financial statements can be
understood.

53 An entity often makes financial statements more understandable by presenting information in thousands or millions
of units of the presentation currency. This is acceptable as long as the entity discloses the level of rounding and does
not omit material information.

Statement of financial position

Information to be presented in the statement of financial position

54 As a minimum, the statement of financial position shall include line items that present the following amounts:

(a) property, plant and equipment;

(b)

investment property;

(c)

intangible assets;

(d)

financial assets (excluding amounts shown under (e), (h) and (i));

(e)

investments accounted for using the equity method;

(f)

biological assets;

(g)

inventories;

(h)

trade and other receivables;

(i)

cash and cash equivalents;

(j)

the total of assets classified as held for sale and assets included in disposal groups classified as held for sale in
accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations;

(k)

trade and other payables;

(l)

provisions;

(m) financial liabilities (excluding amounts shown under (k) and (l));

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(n)

liabilities and assets for current tax, as defined in IAS 12 Income Taxes;

(o) deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, as defined in IAS 12;

(p)

liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5;

(q) minority interest, presented within equity; and

(r)

issued capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent.

55 An entity shall present additional line items, headings and subtotals in the statement of financial position when such

presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial position.

56 When an entity presents current and non-current assets, and current and non-current liabilities, as separate classi­
fications in its statement of financial position, it shall not classify deferred tax assets (liabilities) as current assets
(liabilities).

57 This Standard does not prescribe the order or format in which an entity presents items. Paragraph 54 simply lists
items that are sufficiently different in nature or function to warrant separate presentation in the statement of
financial position. In addition:

(a)

line items are included when the size, nature or function of an item or aggregation of similar items is such that
separate presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s financial position; and

(b) the descriptions used and the ordering of items or aggregation of similar items may be amended according to
the nature of the entity and its transactions, to provide information that is relevant to an understanding of the
entity’s financial position. For example, a financial institution may amend the above descriptions to provide
information that is relevant to the operations of a financial institution.

58 An entity makes the judgement about whether to present additional items separately on the basis of an assessment

of:

(a)

the nature and liquidity of assets;

(b) the function of assets within the entity; and

(c)

the amounts, nature and timing of liabilities.

59 The use of different measurement bases for different classes of assets suggests that their nature or function differs
and, therefore, that an entity presents them as separate line items. For example, different classes of property, plant
and equipment can be carried at cost or at revalued amounts in accordance with IAS 16.

Current/non-current distinction

60 An entity shall present current and non-current assets, and current and non-current liabilities, as separate classifi­
cations in its statement of financial position in accordance with paragraphs 66–76 except when a presentation based
on liquidity provides information that is reliable and more relevant. When that exception applies, an entity shall
present all assets and liabilities in order of liquidity.

61 Whichever method of presentation is adopted, an entity shall disclose the amount expected to be recovered or
settled after more than twelve months for each asset and liability line item that combines amounts expected to be
recovered or settled:

(a) no more than twelve months after the reporting period, and

(b) more than twelve months after the reporting period.

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62 When an entity supplies goods or services within a clearly identifiable operating cycle, separate classification of
current and non-current assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position provides useful information by
distinguishing the net assets that are continuously circulating as working capital from those used in the entity’s long-
term operations. It also highlights assets that are expected to be realised within the current operating cycle, and
liabilities that are due for settlement within the same period.

63 For some entities, such as financial institutions, a presentation of assets and liabilities in increasing or decreasing
order of liquidity provides information that is reliable and more relevant than a current/non-current presentation
because the entity does not supply goods or services within a clearly identifiable operating cycle.

64 In applying paragraph 60, an entity is permitted to present some of its assets and liabilities using a current/non-
current classification and others in order of liquidity when this provides information that is reliable and more
relevant. The need for a mixed basis of presentation might arise when an entity has diverse operations.

65 Information about expected dates of realisation of assets and liabilities is useful

in assessing the liquidity and
solvency of an entity. IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures requires disclosure of the maturity dates of financial
assets and financial liabilities. Financial assets include trade and other receivables, and financial liabilities include
trade and other payables. Information on the expected date of recovery of non-monetary assets such as inventories
and expected date of settlement for liabilities such as provisions is also useful, whether assets and liabilities are
classified as current or as non-current. For example, an entity discloses the amount of inventories that are expected
to be recovered more than twelve months after the reporting period.

Current assets

66 An entity shall classify an asset as current when:

(a)

it expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;

(b) it holds the asset primarily for the purpose of trading;

(c)

it expects to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or

(d) the asset is cash or a cash equivalent (as defined in IAS 7) unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged or

used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.

An entity shall classify all other assets as non-current.

67 This Standard uses the term ‘non-current’ to include tangible, intangible and financial assets of a long-term nature. It

does not prohibit the use of alternative descriptions as long as the meaning is clear.

68 The operating cycle of an entity is the time between the acquisition of assets for processing and their realisation in
cash or cash equivalents. When the entity’s normal operating cycle is not clearly identifiable, it is assumed to be
twelve months. Current assets include assets (such as inventories and trade receivables) that are sold, consumed or
realised as part of the normal operating cycle even when they are not expected to be realised within twelve months
after the reporting period. Current assets also include assets held primarily for the purpose of trading (financial assets
within this category are classified as held for trading in accordance with IAS 39) and the current portion of non-
current financial assets.

Current liabilities

69 An entity shall classify a liability as current when:

(a)

it expects to settle the liability in its normal operating cycle;

(b) it holds the liability primarily for the purpose of trading;

(c)

the liability is due to be settled within twelve months after the reporting period; or

(d) the entity does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months

after the reporting period.

An entity shall classify all other liabilities as non-current.

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70 Some current liabilities, such as trade payables and some accruals for employee and other operating costs, are part of
the working capital used in the entity’s normal operating cycle. An entity classifies such operating items as current
liabilities even if they are due to be settled more than twelve months after the reporting period. The same normal
operating cycle applies to the classification of an entity’s assets and liabilities. When the entity’s normal operating
cycle is not clearly identifiable, it is assumed to be twelve months.

71 Other current liabilities are not settled as part of the normal operating cycle, but are due for settlement within
twelve months after the reporting period or held primarily for the purpose of trading. Examples are financial
liabilities classified as held for trading in accordance with IAS 39, bank overdrafts, and the current portion of
non-current financial liabilities, dividends payable, income taxes and other non-trade payables. Financial liabilities
that provide financing on a long-term basis (i.e. are not part of the working capital used in the entity’s normal
operating cycle) and are not due for settlement within twelve months after the reporting period are non-current
liabilities, subject to paragraphs 74 and 75.

72 An entity classifies its financial liabilities as current when they are due to be settled within twelve months after the

reporting period, even if:

(a)

the original term was for a period longer than twelve months, and

(b) an agreement to refinance, or to reschedule payments, on a long-term basis is completed after the reporting

period and before the financial statements are authorised for issue.

73 If an entity expects, and has the discretion, to refinance or roll over an obligation for at least twelve months after the
reporting period under an existing loan facility, it classifies the obligation as non-current, even if it would otherwise
be due within a shorter period. However, when refinancing or rolling over the obligation is not at the discretion of
the entity (for example, there is no arrangement for refinancing), the entity does not consider the potential to
refinance the obligation and classifies the obligation as current.

74 When an entity breaches a provision of a long-term loan arrangement on or before the end of the reporting period
with the effect that the liability becomes payable on demand, it classifies the liability as current, even if the lender
agreed, after the reporting period and before the authorisation of the financial statements for issue, not to demand
payment as a consequence of the breach. An entity classifies the liability as current because, at the end of the
reporting period, it does not have an unconditional right to defer its settlement for at least twelve months after that
date.

75 However, an entity classifies the liability as non-current if the lender agreed by the end of the reporting period to
provide a period of grace ending at least twelve months after the reporting period, within which the entity can
rectify the breach and during which the lender cannot demand immediate repayment.

76 In respect of loans classified as current liabilities, if the following events occur between the end of the reporting
period and the date the financial statements are authorised for issue, those events are disclosed as non-adjusting
events in accordance with IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period:

(a) refinancing on a long-term basis;

(b) rectification of a breach of a long-term loan arrangement; and

(c)

the granting by the lender of a period of grace to rectify a breach of a long-term loan arrangement ending at
least twelve months after the reporting period.

Information to be presented either in the statement of financial position or in the notes

77 An entity shall disclose, either in the statement of financial position or in the notes, further subclassifications of the

line items presented, classified in a manner appropriate to the entity’s operations.

78 The detail provided in subclassifications depends on the requirements of IFRSs and on the size, nature and function
of the amounts involved. An entity also uses the factors set out in paragraph 58 to decide the basis of sub­
classification. The disclosures vary for each item, for example:

(a)

items of property, plant and equipment are disaggregated into classes in accordance with IAS 16;

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(b) receivables are disaggregated into amounts receivable from trade customers, receivables from related parties,

prepayments and other amounts;

(c)

inventories are disaggregated,
in accordance with IAS 2 Inventories,
production supplies, materials, work in progress and finished goods;

into classifications such as merchandise,

(d) provisions are disaggregated into provisions for employee benefits and other items; and

(e) equity capital and reserves are disaggregated into various classes, such as paid-in capital, share premium and

reserves.

79 An entity shall disclose the following, either in the statement of financial position or the statement of changes in

equity, or in the notes:

(a)

for each class of share capital:

(i) the number of shares authorised;

(ii) the number of shares issued and fully paid, and issued but not fully paid;

(iii) par value per share, or that the shares have no par value;

(iv) a reconciliation of the number of shares outstanding at the beginning and at the end of the period;

(v) the rights, preferences and restrictions attaching to that class including restrictions on the distribution of

dividends and the repayment of capital;

(vi) shares in the entity held by the entity or by its subsidiaries or associates; and

(vii) shares reserved for issue under options and contracts for the sale of shares, including terms and amounts;

and

(b) a description of the nature and purpose of each reserve within equity.

80 An entity without share capital, such as a partnership or trust, shall disclose information equivalent to that required
by paragraph 79(a), showing changes during the period in each category of equity interest, and the rights,
preferences and restrictions attaching to each category of equity interest.

Statement of comprehensive income

81 An entity shall present all items of income and expense recognised in a period:

(a)

in a single statement of comprehensive income, or

(b) in two statements: a statement displaying components of profit or loss (separate income statement) and a second
statement beginning with profit or loss and displaying components of other comprehensive income (statement
of comprehensive income).

Information to be presented in the statement of comprehensive income

82 As a minimum, the statement of comprehensive income shall include line items that present the following amounts

for the period:

(a) revenue;

(b) finance costs;

(c) share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method;

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(d) tax expense;

(e) a single amount comprising the total of:

(i) the post-tax profit or loss of discontinued operations and

(ii) the post-tax gain or loss recognised on the measurement to fair value less costs to sell or on the disposal of

the assets or disposal group(s) constituting the discontinued operation;

(f) profit or loss;

(g) each component of other comprehensive income classified by nature (excluding amounts in (h));

(h) share of the other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity

method; and

(i)

total comprehensive income.

83 An entity shall disclose the following items in the statement of comprehensive income as allocations of profit or loss

for the period:

(a) profit or loss for the period attributable to:

(i) minority interest, and

(ii) owners of the parent.

(b) total comprehensive income for the period attributable to:

(i) minority interest, and

(ii) owners of the parent.

84 An entity may present in a separate income statement (see paragraph 81) the line items in paragraph 82(a)–(f) and

the disclosures in paragraph 83(a).

85 An entity shall present additional line items, headings and subtotals in the statement of comprehensive income and
the separate income statement (if presented), when such presentation is relevant to an understanding of the entity’s
financial performance.

86 Because the effects of an entity’s various activities, transactions and other events differ in frequency, potential for
gain or loss and predictability, disclosing the components of financial performance assists users in understanding the
financial performance achieved and in making projections of future financial performance. An entity includes
additional
(if
presented), and it amends the descriptions used and the ordering of items when this is necessary to explain the
elements of financial performance. An entity considers factors including materiality and the nature and function of
institution may amend the descriptions to provide
the items of income and expense. For example, a financial
institution. An entity does not offset income and
information that is relevant to the operations of a financial
expense items unless the criteria in paragraph 32 are met.

line items in the statement of comprehensive income and in the separate income statement

87 An entity shall not present any items of

income or expense as extraordinary items,

in the statement of

comprehensive income or the separate income statement (if presented), or in the notes.

Profit or loss for the period

88 An entity shall recognise all items of income and expense in a period in profit or loss unless an IFRS requires or

permits otherwise.

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89 Some IFRSs specify circumstances when an entity recognises particular items outside profit or loss in the current
period. IAS 8 specifies two such circumstances: the correction of errors and the effect of changes in accounting
policies. Other IFRSs require or permit components of other comprehensive income that meet the Framework’s
definition of income or expense to be excluded from profit or loss (see paragraph 7).

Other comprehensive income for the period

90 An entity shall disclose the amount of income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income,

including reclassification adjustments, either in the statement of comprehensive income or in the notes.

91 An entity may present components of other comprehensive income either:

(a) net of related tax effects, or

(b) before related tax effects with one amount shown for the aggregate amount of income tax relating to those

components.

92 An entity shall disclose reclassification adjustments relating to components of other comprehensive income.

93 Other IFRSs specify whether and when amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income are re­
classified to profit or loss. Such reclassifications are referred to in this Standard as reclassification adjustments. A
reclassification adjustment is included with the related component of other comprehensive income in the period that
the adjustment is reclassified to profit or loss. For example, gains realised on the disposal of available-for-sale
financial assets are included in profit or loss of the current period. These amounts may have been recognised in
other comprehensive income as unrealised gains in the current or previous periods. Those unrealised gains must be
deducted from other comprehensive income in the period in which the realised gains are reclassified to profit or loss
to avoid including them in total comprehensive income twice.

94 An entity may present reclassification adjustments in the statement of comprehensive income or in the notes. An
entity presenting reclassification adjustments in the notes presents the components of other comprehensive income
after any related reclassification adjustments.

95 Reclassification adjustments arise, for example, on disposal of a foreign operation (see IAS 21), on derecognition of
available-for-sale financial assets (see IAS 39) and when a hedged forecast transaction affects profit or loss (see
paragraph 100 of IAS 39 in relation to cash flow hedges).

96 Reclassification adjustments do not arise on changes in revaluation surplus recognised in accordance with IAS 16 or
IAS 38 or on actuarial gains and losses on defined benefit plans recognised in accordance with paragraph 93A of
IAS 19. These components are recognised in other comprehensive income and are not reclassified to profit or loss
in subsequent periods. Changes in revaluation surplus may be transferred to retained earnings in subsequent periods
as the asset is used or when it is derecognised (see IAS 16 and IAS 38). Actuarial gains and losses are reported in
retained earnings in the period that they are recognised as other comprehensive income (see IAS 19).

Information to be presented in the statement of comprehensive income or in the notes

97 When items of income or expense are material, an entity shall disclose their nature and amount separately.

98 Circumstances that would give rise to the separate disclosure of items of income and expense include:

(a) write-downs of inventories to net realisable value or of property, plant and equipment to recoverable amount, as

well as reversals of such write-downs;

(b) restructurings of the activities of an entity and reversals of any provisions for the costs of restructuring;

(c) disposals of items of property, plant and equipment;

(d) disposals of investments;

(e) discontinued operations;

(f)

litigation settlements; and

(g) other reversals of provisions.

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99 An entity shall present an analysis of expenses recognised in profit or loss using a classification based on either their
nature or their function within the entity, whichever provides information that is reliable and more relevant.

100 Entities are encouraged to present the analysis in paragraph 99 in the statement of comprehensive income or in the

separate income statement (if presented).

101 Expenses are subclassified to highlight components of financial performance that may differ in terms of frequency,

potential for gain or loss and predictability. This analysis is provided in one of two forms.

102 The first form of analysis is the ‘nature of expense’ method. An entity aggregates expenses within profit or loss
according to their nature (for example, depreciation, purchases of materials, transport costs, employee benefits and
advertising costs), and does not reallocate them among functions within the entity. This method may be simple to
apply because no allocations of expenses to functional classifications are necessary. An example of a classification
using the nature of expense method is as follows:

Revenue

Other income

Changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress

Raw materials and consumables used

Employee benefits expense

Depreciation and amortisation expense

Other expenses

Total expenses

Profit before tax

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

(X)

X

103 The second form of analysis is the ‘function of expense’ or ‘cost of sales’ method and classifies expenses according to
their function as part of cost of sales or, for example, the costs of distribution or administrative activities. At a
minimum, an entity discloses its cost of sales under this method separately from other expenses. This method can
provide more relevant information to users than the classification of expenses by nature, but allocating costs to
functions may require arbitrary allocations and involve considerable judgement. An example of a classification using
the function of expense method is as follows:

Revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Other income

Distribution costs

Administrative expenses

Other expenses

Profit before tax

X

(X)

X

X

(X)

(X)

(X)

X

104 An entity classifying expenses by function shall disclose additional information on the nature of expenses, including

depreciation and amortisation expense and employee benefits expense.

105 The choice between the function of expense method and the nature of expense method depends on historical and
industry factors and the nature of the entity. Both methods provide an indication of those costs that might vary,
directly or indirectly, with the level of sales or production of the entity. Because each method of presentation has
merit for different types of entities, this Standard requires management to select the presentation that is reliable and
more relevant. However, because information on the nature of expenses is useful in predicting future cash flows,
additional disclosure is required when the function of expense classification is used. In paragraph 104, ‘employee
benefits’ has the same meaning as in IAS 19.

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Statement of changes in equity

106 An entity shall present a statement of changes in equity showing in the statement:

(a)

total comprehensive income for the period, showing separately the total amounts attributable to owners of the
parent and to minority interest;

(b) for each component of equity, the effects of retrospective application or retrospective restatement recognised in

accordance with IAS 8;

(c)

the amounts of transactions with owners in their capacity as owners, showing separately contributions by and
distributions to owners; and

(d) for each component of equity, a reconciliation between the carrying amount at the beginning and the end of the

period, separately disclosing each change.

107 An entity shall present, either in the statement of changes in equity or in the notes, the amount of dividends

recognised as distributions to owners during the period, and the related amount per share.

108 In paragraph 106, the components of equity include, for example, each class of contributed equity, the accumulated

balance of each class of other comprehensive income and retained earnings.

109 Changes in an entity’s equity between the beginning and the end of the reporting period reflect the increase or
decrease in its net assets during the period. Except for changes resulting from transactions with owners in their
capacity as owners (such as equity contributions, reacquisitions of the entity’s own equity instruments and dividends)
and transaction costs directly related to such transactions, the overall change in equity during a period represents the
total amount of income and expense, including gains and losses, generated by the entity’s activities during that
period.

110 IAS 8 requires retrospective adjustments to effect changes in accounting policies, to the extent practicable, except
when the transition provisions in another IFRS require otherwise. IAS 8 also requires restatements to correct errors
to be made retrospectively, to the extent practicable. Retrospective adjustments and retrospective restatements are
not changes in equity but they are adjustments to the opening balance of retained earnings, except when an IFRS
requires retrospective adjustment of another component of equity. Paragraph 106(b) requires disclosure in the
statement of changes in equity of the total adjustment to each component of equity resulting from changes in
accounting policies and, separately, from corrections of errors. These adjustments are disclosed for each prior period
and the beginning of the period.

Statement of cash flows

111 Cash flow information provides users of financial statements with a basis to assess the ability of the entity to
IAS 7 sets out

generate cash and cash equivalents and the needs of the entity to utilise those cash flows.
requirements for the presentation and disclosure of cash flow information.

Notes

Structure

112 The notes shall:

(a) present information about the basis of preparation of the financial statements and the specific accounting

policies used in accordance with paragraphs 117–124;

(b) disclose the information required by IFRSs that is not presented elsewhere in the financial statements; and

(c) provide information that is not presented elsewhere in the financial statements, but is relevant to an under­

standing of any of them.

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113 An entity shall, as far as practicable, present notes in a systematic manner. An entity shall cross-reference each item
in the statements of
(if
presented), and in the statements of changes in equity and of cash flows to any related information in the notes.

financial position and of comprehensive income,

in the separate income statement

114 An entity normally presents notes in the following order, to assist users to understand the financial statements and

to compare them with financial statements of other entities:

(a) statement of compliance with IFRSs (see paragraph 16);

(b) summary of significant accounting policies applied (see paragraph 117);

(c) supporting information for items presented in the statements of financial position and of comprehensive
income, in the separate income statement (if presented), and in the statements of changes in equity and of
cash flows, in the order in which each statement and each line item is presented; and

(d) other disclosures, including:

(i) contingent liabilities (see IAS 37) and unrecognised contractual commitments, and

(ii) non-financial disclosures, e.g. the entity’s financial risk management objectives and policies (see IFRS 7).

115 In some circumstances, it may be necessary or desirable to vary the order of specific items within the notes. For
example, an entity may combine information on changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss with information
on maturities of financial instruments, although the former disclosures relate to the statement of comprehensive
income or separate income statement (if presented) and the latter relate to the statement of financial position.
Nevertheless, an entity retains a systematic structure for the notes as far as practicable.

116 An entity may present notes providing information about the basis of preparation of the financial statements and

specific accounting policies as a separate section of the financial statements.

Disclosure of accounting policies

117 An entity shall disclose in the summary of significant accounting policies:

(a)

the measurement basis (or bases) used in preparing the financial statements, and

(b) the other accounting policies used that are relevant to an understanding of the financial statements.

118 It is important for an entity to inform users of the measurement basis or bases used in the financial statements (for
example, historical cost, current cost, net realisable value, fair value or recoverable amount) because the basis on
which an entity prepares the financial statements significantly affects users’ analysis. When an entity uses more than
one measurement basis in the financial statements, for example when particular classes of assets are revalued, it is
sufficient to provide an indication of the categories of assets and liabilities to which each measurement basis is
applied.

119 In deciding whether a particular accounting policy should be disclosed, management considers whether disclosure
would assist users in understanding how transactions, other events and conditions are reflected in reported financial
performance and financial position. Disclosure of particular accounting policies is especially useful to users when
those policies are selected from alternatives allowed in IFRSs. An example is disclosure of whether a venturer
recognises its interest in a jointly controlled entity using proportionate consolidation or the equity method (see
IAS 31 Interests in Joint Ventures). Some IFRSs specifically require disclosure of particular accounting policies,
including choices made by management between different policies they allow. For example,
IAS 16 requires
disclosure of the measurement bases used for classes of property, plant and equipment.

120 Each entity considers the nature of its operations and the policies that the users of its financial statements would
expect to be disclosed for that type of entity. For example, users would expect an entity subject to income taxes to
disclose its accounting policies for income taxes, including those applicable to deferred tax liabilities and assets.
When an entity has significant foreign operations or transactions in foreign currencies, users would expect disclosure
of accounting policies for the recognition of foreign exchange gains and losses.

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121 An accounting policy may be significant because of the nature of the entity’s operations even if amounts for current
and prior periods are not material. It is also appropriate to disclose each significant accounting policy that is not
specifically required by IFRSs but the entity selects and applies in accordance with IAS 8.

122 An entity shall disclose, in the summary of significant accounting policies or other notes, the judgements, apart from
those involving estimations (see paragraph 125), that management has made in the process of applying the entity’s
accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements.

123 In the process of applying the entity’s accounting policies, management makes various judgements, apart from those
involving estimations, that can significantly affect the amounts it recognises in the financial statements. For example,
management makes judgements in determining:

(a) whether financial assets are held-to-maturity investments;

(b) when substantially all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of financial assets and lease assets are

transferred to other entities;

(c) whether, in substance, particular sales of goods are financing arrangements and therefore do not give rise to

revenue; and

(d) whether the substance of the relationship between the entity and a special purpose entity indicates that the entity

controls the special purpose entity.

124 Some of the disclosures made in accordance with paragraph 122 are required by other IFRSs. For example, IAS 27
requires an entity to disclose the reasons why the entity’s ownership interest does not constitute control, in respect
of an investee that is not a subsidiary even though more than half of its voting or potential voting power is owned
directly or indirectly through subsidiaries. IAS 40 Investment Property requires disclosure of the criteria developed by
the entity to distinguish investment property from owner-occupied property and from property held for sale in the
ordinary course of business, when classification of the property is difficult.

Sources of estimation uncertainty

125 An entity shall disclose information about the assumptions it makes about the future, and other major sources of
estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of resulting in a material
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year. In respect of those assets
and liabilities, the notes shall include details of:

(a)

their nature, and

(b) their carrying amount as at the end of the reporting period.

126 Determining the carrying amounts of some assets and liabilities requires estimation of the effects of uncertain future
events on those assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period. For example, in the absence of recently
observed market prices, future-oriented estimates are necessary to measure the recoverable amount of classes of
property, plant and equipment, the effect of technological obsolescence on inventories, provisions subject to the
future outcome of litigation in progress, and long-term employee benefit liabilities such as pension obligations.
These estimates involve assumptions about such items as the risk adjustment to cash flows or discount rates, future
changes in salaries and future changes in prices affecting other costs.

127 The assumptions and other sources of estimation uncertainty disclosed in accordance with paragraph 125 relate to
the estimates that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgements. As the number of
variables and assumptions affecting the possible future resolution of the uncertainties increases, those judgements
become more subjective and complex, and the potential for a consequential material adjustment to the carrying
amounts of assets and liabilities normally increases accordingly.

128 The disclosures in paragraph 125 are not required for assets and liabilities with a significant risk that their carrying
amounts might change materially within the next financial year if, at the end of the reporting period, they are
measured at fair value based on recently observed market prices. Such fair values might change materially within the
next financial year but these changes would not arise from assumptions or other sources of estimation uncertainty at
the end of the reporting period.

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129 An entity presents the disclosures in paragraph 125 in a manner that helps users of financial statements to
understand the judgements that management makes about the future and about other sources of estimation
uncertainty. The nature and extent of the information provided vary according to the nature of the assumption
and other circumstances. Examples of the types of disclosures an entity makes are:

(a)

the nature of the assumption or other estimation uncertainty;

(b) the sensitivity of carrying amounts to the methods, assumptions and estimates underlying their calculation,

including the reasons for the sensitivity;

(c)

the expected resolution of an uncertainty and the range of reasonably possible outcomes within the next
financial year in respect of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities affected; and

(d) an explanation of changes made to past assumptions concerning those assets and liabilities, if the uncertainty

remains unresolved.

130 This Standard does not require an entity to disclose budget information or forecasts in making the disclosures in

paragraph 125.

131 Sometimes it is impracticable to disclose the extent of the possible effects of an assumption or another source of
estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period. In such cases, the entity discloses that it is reasonably
possible, on the basis of existing knowledge, that outcomes within the next financial year that are different from the
assumption could require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability affected. In all cases,
the entity discloses the nature and carrying amount of the specific asset or liability (or class of assets or liabilities)
affected by the assumption.

132 The disclosures in paragraph 122 of particular judgements that management made in the process of applying the
entity’s accounting policies do not relate to the disclosures of sources of estimation uncertainty in paragraph 125.

133 Other IFRSs require the disclosure of some of the assumptions that would otherwise be required in accordance with
paragraph 125. For example,
in specified circumstances, of major assumptions
concerning future events affecting classes of provisions. IFRS 7 requires disclosure of significant assumptions the
entity uses in estimating the fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities that are carried at fair value. IAS 16
requires disclosure of significant assumptions that the entity uses in estimating the fair values of revalued items of
property, plant and equipment.

IAS 37 requires disclosure,

Capital

134 An entity shall disclose information that enables users of its financial statements to evaluate the entity’s objectives,

policies and processes for managing capital.

135 To comply with paragraph 134, the entity discloses the following:

(a) qualitative information about its objectives, policies and processes for managing capital, including:

(i) a description of what it manages as capital;

(ii) when an entity is subject to externally imposed capital requirements, the nature of those requirements and

how those requirements are incorporated into the management of capital; and

(iii) how it is meeting its objectives for managing capital.

(b) summary quantitative data about what it manages as capital. Some entities regard some financial liabilities (e.g.
some forms of subordinated debt) as part of capital. Other entities regard capital as excluding some components
of equity (e.g. components arising from cash flow hedges).

(c) any changes in (a) and (b) from the previous period.

(d) whether during the period it complied with any externally imposed capital requirements to which it is subject.

(e) when the entity has not complied with such externally imposed capital requirements, the consequences of such

non-compliance.

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The entity bases these disclosures on the information provided internally to key management personnel.

136 An entity may manage capital in a number of ways and be subject to a number of different capital requirements. For
example, a conglomerate may include entities that undertake insurance activities and banking activities and those
entities may operate in several jurisdictions. When an aggregate disclosure of capital requirements and how capital is
managed would not provide useful information or distorts a financial statement user’s understanding of an entity’s
capital resources, the entity shall disclose separate information for each capital requirement to which the entity is
subject.

Other disclosures

137 An entity shall disclose in the notes:

(a)

the amount of dividends proposed or declared before the financial statements were authorised for issue but not
recognised as a distribution to owners during the period, and the related amount per share; and

(b) the amount of any cumulative preference dividends not recognised.

138 An entity shall disclose the following,

if not disclosed elsewhere in information published with the financial

statements:

(a)

the domicile and legal form of the entity, its country of incorporation and the address of its registered office (or
principal place of business, if different from the registered office);

(b) a description of the nature of the entity’s operations and its principal activities; and

(c)

the name of the parent and the ultimate parent of the group.

TRANSITION AND EFFECTIVE DATE

139 An entity shall apply this Standard for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. Earlier application is

permitted. If an entity adopts this Standard for an earlier period, it shall disclose that fact.

WITHDRAWAL OF IAS 1 (REVISED 2003)

140 This Standard supersedes IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements revised in 2003, as amended in 2005.

Appendix

Amendments to other pronouncements

The amendments in this appendix shall be applied for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies this
Standard for an earlier period, these amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.

A1

[Amendment not applicable to bare, numbered Standards]

A2

[Amendment not applicable to bare, numbered Standards]

A3

In International Financial Reporting Standards (including International Accounting Standards and Interpretations),
and the introductions to IFRSs, the following references are amended as described below, unless otherwise stated
in this appendix.

— ‘on the face of’ is amended to ‘in’.

— ‘income statement’ is amended to ‘statement of comprehensive income’.

— ‘balance sheet’ is amended to ‘statement of financial position’.

— ‘cash flow statement’ is amended to ‘statement of cash flows’.

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— ‘balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘end of the reporting period’.

— ‘subsequent balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘end of the subsequent reporting period’.

— ‘each balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘the end of each reporting period’.

— ‘after the balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘after the reporting period’.

— ‘reporting date’ is amended to ‘end of the reporting period’.

— ‘each reporting date’ is amended to ‘the end of each reporting period’.

— ‘last annual reporting date’ is amended to ‘end of the last annual reporting period’.

— ‘equity holders’ is amended to ‘owners’ (except in IA 33 Earnings per Share).

— ‘removed from equity and recognised in profit or loss’ and ‘removed from equity and included in profit or loss’

are amended to ‘reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment’.

— ‘Standard or Interpretation’ is amended to ‘IFRS’.

— ‘a Standard or an Interpretation’ is amended to ‘an IFRS’.

— ‘Standards and Interpretations’ is amended to ‘IFRSs’ (except in paragraph 5 of IAS 8 Accounting Policies,

Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors).

— References to the current version of IAS 7 Cash Flow Statements are amended to IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows.

— References to the current version of IAS 10 Events after the Balance Sheet Date are amended to IAS 10 Events

after the Reporting Period.

IFRS 1 First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards

A4

IFRS 1 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 6 and 7 are amended as follows:

‘6 An entity shall prepare and present an opening IFRS statement of financial position at the date of transition to

IFRSs. This is the starting point for its accounting under IFRSs.

7 An entity … Those accounting policies shall comply with each IFRS effective at the end of its first IFRS

reporting period, except as specified in paragraphs 13–34B and 37.’

The Example after paragraph 8 is amended as described below.

References to the years ‘2003’ to ‘2005’ are amended to ‘20X3’ to ‘20X5’ respectively.

The paragraphs Background and Application of requirements are amended as follows:

‘Background
The end of entity A’s first IFRS reporting period is 31 December 20X5. Entity A decides to present comparative
information in those financial statements for one year only (see paragraph 36) …

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Application of requirements
Entity A … in:

(a) preparing and presenting its opening IFRS statement of financial position at 1 January 20X4; and …’

Paragraphs 10, 12(a) and 21 are amended as follows:

‘10 Except as described in paragraphs 13–34B, an entity shall, in its opening IFRS statement of financial position:

…

12 This IFRS establishes two categories of exceptions to the principle that an entity’s opening IFRS statement of

financial position shall comply with each IFRS:

(a) paragraphs 13–25I grant exemptions from some requirements of other IFRSs.

21 IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates requires an entity:

(a) to recognise some translation differences in other comprehensive income and accumulate these in a

separate component of equity; and

(b) on disposal of a foreign operation, to reclassify the cumulative translation difference for that foreign
operation (including, if applicable, gains and losses on related hedges) from equity to profit or loss as part
of the gain or loss on disposal.’

In paragraph 32, references to the years ‘2003’ and ‘2004’ are amended to ‘20X4’ and ‘20X5’ respectively.

Paragraphs 32, 35 and 36 are amended as follows:

‘32 An entity … Instead, the entity shall reflect that new information in profit or loss (or, if appropriate, other

comprehensive income ) for the year ended 31 December 20X4.

35 Except as described in paragraph 37, this IFRS does not provide exemptions from the presentation and

disclosure requirements in other IFRSs.

36 To comply with IAS 1, an entity’s first IFRS financial statements shall include at least three statements of
financial position, two statements of comprehensive income, two separate income statements (if presented),
two statements of cash flows and two statements of changes in equity and related notes,
including
comparative information.’

Paragraphs 36A–36C and the headings above them are deleted.

Paragraphs 39 and 45(a) are amended as follows:

‘39 To comply with paragraph 38, an entity’s first IFRS financial statements shall include: …

(a)

(ii) the end … under previous GAAP.

(b) a reconciliation to its total comprehensive income under IFRSs for the latest period in the entity’s most
recent annual financial statements. The starting point for that reconciliation shall be total comprehensive
income under previous GAAP for the same period or, if an entity did not report such a total, profit or
loss under previous GAAP.

(c) …

45 To comply with …

(a) Each such interim financial report shall,

if the entity presented an interim financial report for the

comparable interim period of the immediately preceding financial year, include:

(i) a reconciliation of its equity under previous GAAP at the end of that comparable interim period to its

equity under IFRSs at that date; and

(ii) a reconciliation to its total comprehensive income under IFRSs for that comparable interim period
(current and year-to-date). The starting point for that reconciliation shall be total comprehensive
income under previous GAAP for that period or, if an entity did not report such a total, profit or
loss under previous GAAP.’

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Paragraph 47C is deleted.

Paragraph 47H is added as follows:

‘47H IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 6, 7, 8 (Example), 10, 12(a), 21, 32, 35, 36, 39(b) and 45(a), Appendix A and paragraph
B2(i) in Appendix B, and deleted paragraphs 36A–36C and 47C. An entity shall apply those amendments
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an
earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

In Appendix A, the defined terms are amended as follows:

‘first IFRS reporting period

The latest reporting period covered by an entity’s first
statements.

IFRS financial

International Financial Reporting
Standards (IFRSs)

Standards and Interpretations adopted by the International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB). They comprise:

(a) …

(b) …

(c)

Interpretations developed by the International Financial Reporting
Interpretations
Standing
(IFRIC)
Interpretations Committee (SIC).’

Committee

former

the

or

In Appendix A, the definition of opening IFRS balance sheet is amended as follows:

‘opening IFRS statement of
financial position

An entity’s statement of financial position at the date of transition to
IFRSs.’

In Appendix A, the definition of reporting date is deleted.

In Appendix B, paragraph B2(i) is amended as follows:

‘B2

If a first-time adopter …

(i) If the first-time adopter recognised goodwill under previous GAAP as a deduction from equity:

(i) it shall not recognise that goodwill in its opening IFRS statement of financial position. Furthermore, it
shall not reclassify that goodwill to profit or loss if it disposes of the subsidiary or if the investment
in the subsidiary becomes impaired.’

IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts

A5

In IFRS 4, paragraphs 30 and 39A(a) are amended as follows:

‘30

In some accounting models … The related adjustment to the insurance liability (or deferred acquisition costs
or intangible assets) shall be recognised in other comprehensive income if, and only if, the unrealised gains
or losses are recognised in other comprehensive income. This practice …

39A To comply with …

(a) a sensitivity analysis that shows how profit or loss and equity would have been affected if changes in the
relevant risk variable that were reasonably possible at the end of the reporting period had occurred; the
methods and assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis; and any changes from the previous
period in the methods and assumptions used. However …’

Paragraph 41B is added as follows:

‘41B IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 30. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

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IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations

A6

IFRS 5 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 3, ‘(as revised in 2003)’ is deleted.

In paragraph 28, ‘in the same income statement caption’ is amended to ‘in the same caption in the statement of
comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 33A is added as follows:

‘33A If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), a section identified as relating to discontinued operations is
presented in that separate statement.’

In paragraph 38, ‘recognised directly in equity’ is amended to ‘recognised in other comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 44A is added as follows:

‘44A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 3 and 38, and added paragraph 33A. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier
period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

In Appendix A, the definition of current asset is amended as follows:

‘An entity shall classify an asset as current when:

(a)

it expects to realise the asset, or intends to sell or consume it, in its normal operating cycle;

(b) it holds the asset primarily for the purpose of trading;

(c)

it expects to realise the asset within twelve months after the reporting period; or

(d) the asset is cash or a cash equivalent (as defined in IAS 7) unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged

or used to settle a liability for at least twelve months after the reporting period.’

IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures

A7

IFRS 7 is amended as described below.

The heading above paragraph 20 is amended as follows:

‘Statement of comprehensive income’

Paragraph 20 is amended as follows:

‘20 An entity shall disclose the following items of income, expense, gains or losses either in the statement of

comprehensive income or in the notes:

(a) net gains or net losses on:

(i) …

(ii) available-for-sale financial assets, showing separately the amount of gain or loss recognised in other
comprehensive income during the period and the amount reclassified from equity to profit or loss
for the period;

(iii) …’

Paragraph 21 is amended as follows:

‘21

In accordance with paragraph 117 of IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007), an entity
in the summary of significant accounting policies, the measurement basis (or bases) used in
discloses,
preparing the financial statements and the other accounting policies used that are relevant
to an
understanding of the financial statements.’

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Paragraph 23(c) and (d) is amended as follows:

‘23

For cash flow hedges, an entity shall disclose: …

(c)

the amount that was recognised in other comprehensive income during the period;

(d) the amount that was reclassified from equity to profit or loss for the period, showing the amount

included in each line item in the statement of comprehensive income; and …’

In paragraph 27(c), ‘in equity’ is amended to ‘in other comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 44A is added as follows:

‘44A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 20, 21, 23(c) and (d), 27(c) and B5 of Appendix B. An entity shall apply those amendments
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an
earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

Paragraph B5 is amended as follows:

‘B5 … Paragraph 122 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) also requires entities to disclose,

in the summary of
significant accounting policies or other notes, the judgments, apart from those involving estimations, that
management has made in the process of applying the entity’s accounting policies and that have the most
significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements.’

In paragraph B14 of Appendix B,
position’.

IFRS 8 Operating Segments

‘balance sheet amount’ is amended to ‘amount in the statement of financial

A8

In IFRS 8, paragraphs 21 and 23(f) are amended as follows:

‘21

To give … Reconciliations of the amounts in the statement of financial position for reportable segments to
the amounts in the entity’s statement of financial position are required for each date at which a statement of
financial position is presented. Information for prior periods shall be restated as described in paragraphs 29
and 30.

23

An entity shall …

(f) material items of income and expense disclosed in accordance with paragraph 97 of IAS 1 Presentation of

Financial Statements (as revised in 2007);’

Paragraph 36A is added as follows:

‘36A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 23(f). An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows

A9

IAS 7 is amended as described below.

The title is amended to ‘Statement of Cash Flows’.

The title (as amended) above the Objective is footnoted as follows: ‘In September 2007 the IASB amended the title
of IAS 7 from Cash Flow Statements to Statement of Cash Flows as a consequence of the revision of IAS 1 Presentation
of Financial Statements in 2007.’

In paragraph 32, ‘the income statement’ is amended to ‘profit or loss’.

IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors

A10

IAS 8 is amended as described below.

Paragraph 5 is amended as follows:

— in the definition of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs),

‘originated’ is amended to ‘developed’.

— in the definition of Material, ‘of users taken’ is amended to ‘that users make’.

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IAS 10 Events after the Reporting Period

A11

IAS 10 is amended as described below.

The title is amended to ‘Events after the Reporting Period’.

In paragraph 21, ‘of users taken’ is amended to ‘that users make’.

IAS 11 Construction Contracts
In IAS 11, in paragraphs 26, 28 and 38, ‘the income statement’ is amended to ‘profit or loss’.

A12

IAS 12 Income Taxes

A13

IAS 12 is amended as described below.

The third paragraph of the ‘Objective’ in IAS 12 is amended as follows:

‘… For transactions and other events recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or
directly in equity), any related tax effects are also recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive
income or directly in equity, respectively).’

‘the income statement’
In paragraphs 22(b), 59, 60 and 65,
81(g)(ii) ‘the income statement’ is amended to ‘profit or loss’.

is amended to ‘profit or loss’, and in paragraph

Paragraph 23 is amended as follows:

‘23 … In accordance with paragraph 61A, the deferred tax is charged directly to the carrying amount of the
equity component. In accordance with paragraph 58, subsequent changes in the deferred tax liability are
recognised in profit or loss as deferred tax expense (income).’

In paragraph 52, in the notes at the end of Example B and Example C, ‘paragraph 61’ is amended to ‘paragraph
61A’ and ‘charged directly to equity’ is amended to ‘recognised in other comprehensive income’.

The heading above paragraph 58 and paragraph 58 are amended as follows:

‘Items recognised in profit or loss

58

Current and deferred tax shall be recognised as income or an expense and included in profit or loss for the
period, except to the extent that the tax arises from:

(a) a transaction or event which is recognised, in the same or a different period, outside profit or loss, either

in other comprehensive income or directly in equity (see paragraphs 61A to 65); …’

In paragraph 60, ‘charged or credited to equity’ is amended to ‘recognised outside profit or loss’.

In the heading above paragraph 61, ‘credited or charged directly to equity’ is amended to ‘recognised outside profit
or loss’.

Paragraph 61 is deleted and paragraph 61A is added as follows:

‘61A Current tax and deferred tax shall be recognised outside profit or loss if the tax relates to items that are
recognised, in the same or a different period, outside profit or loss. Therefore, current tax and deferred tax
that relates to items that are recognised, in the same or a different period:

(a)

in other comprehensive income, shall be recognised in other comprehensive income (see paragraph 62).

(b) directly in equity, shall be recognised directly in equity (see paragraph 62A).’

Paragraphs 62 and 63 are amended and paragraph 62A is added as follows:

‘62

International Financial Reporting Standards require or permit particular items to be recognised in other
comprehensive income. Examples of such items are:

(a) a change in carrying amount arising from the revaluation of property, plant and equipment (see IAS

16); and

(b) [deleted]

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(c) exchange differences arising on the translation of the financial statements of a foreign operation (see IAS

21).

(d) [deleted]

62A International Financial Reporting Standards require or permit particular items to be credited or charged

directly to equity. Examples of such items are:

(a) an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings resulting from either a change in accounting
policy that is applied retrospectively or the correction of an error (see IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes
in Accounting Estimates and Errors); and

(b) amounts arising on initial recognition of the equity component of a compound financial instrument (see

paragraph 23).

63

In exceptional circumstances it may be difficult to determine the amount of current and deferred tax that
relates to items recognised outside profit or loss (either in other comprehensive income or directly in
equity). This may be the case, for example, when:

(a) …

(b) a change in the tax rate … to an item that was previously recognised outside profit or loss; or

(c) an entity … and the deferred tax asset relates (in whole or in part) to an item that was previously

recognised outside profit or loss.

In such cases, the current and deferred tax related to items that are recognised outside profit or loss are
based on a reasonable pro rata allocation of the current and deferred tax of the entity in the tax jurisdiction
concerned, or other method that achieves a more appropriate allocation in the circumstances.’

In paragraph 65,

‘credited or charged to equity’

is amended to ‘recognised in other comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 68C is amended as follows:

‘68C As noted … (a) a transaction or event that is recognised, in the same or a different period, outside profit or

loss, or (b) a business combination. …’

Paragraph 77 is amended and paragraph 77A is added as follows:

‘77

The tax expense (income) related to profit or loss from ordinary activities shall be presented in the
statement of comprehensive income.

77A If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007), it presents the tax expense
(income) related to profit or loss from ordinary activities in that separate statement.’

Paragraph 81 is amended as follows:

‘81

The following shall also be disclosed separately:

(a)

the aggregate current and deferred tax relating to items that are charged or credited directly to equity
(see paragraph 62A);

(ab) the amount of income tax relating to each component of other comprehensive income (see paragraph

62 and IAS 1 (as revised in 2007));

(b)

[deleted]; …’

Paragraph 92 is added as follows:

‘92

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 23, 52, 58, 60, 62, 63, 65, 68C, 77 and 81, deleted paragraph 61 and added paragraphs
61A, 62A and 77A. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

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IAS 14 Segment Reporting

A14

IAS 14 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 2, 52A and 54 are amended as follows:

‘2

A complete set of financial statements includes a statement of financial position, a statement of compre­
hensive income, a statement of cash flows, a statement of changes in equity, and notes, as provided in IAS 1
Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007). When a separate income statement is presented in
accordance with IAS 1, it is part of that complete set.

52A An entity…all operations that had been classified as discontinued at the end of the latest reporting period

presented.

54

An example of a measure of segment performance above segment result in the statement of comprehensive
income is gross margin on sales. Examples of measures of segment performance below segment result in
the statement of comprehensive income are profit or loss from ordinary activities (either before or after
income taxes) and profit or loss.’

Paragraph 85 is added as follows:

‘85

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 2. An entity shall apply IAS 1 (revised 2007)
for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment

A15

IAS 16 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 39 and 40 are amended as follows:

‘39

40

If an asset’s carrying amount is increased as a result of a revaluation, the increase shall be recognised in
other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation surplus. However
…

If an asset’s … However, the decrease shall be recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent of
any credit balance existing in the revaluation surplus in respect of that asset. The decrease recognised in
other comprehensive income reduces the amount accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation
surplus.’

In paragraph 73(e)(iv),
comprehensive income’.

‘recognised or reversed directly in equity’ is amended to ‘recognised or reversed in other

Paragraph 81B is added as follows:

‘81B IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout
IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraphs 39, 40 and 73(e)(iv). An entity shall apply those amendments for
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier
period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 19 Employee Benefits

A16

IAS 19 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 69,
period’.

‘at each successive balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘at the end of each successive reporting

Paragraphs 93A–93D are amended as follows:

‘93A If, as permitted by paragraph 93, an entity adopts a policy of recognising actuarial gains and losses in the
period in which they occur, it may recognise them in other comprehensive income, in accordance with
paragraphs 93B–93D, providing …

93B Actuarial gains and losses recognised in other comprehensive income as permitted by paragraph 93A shall

be presented in the statement of comprehensive income.

93C An entity that recognises actuarial gains and losses in accordance with paragraph 93A shall also recognise

any adjustments arising from the limit in paragraph 58(b) in other comprehensive income.

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93D Actuarial gains and losses and adjustments arising from the limit in paragraph 58(b) that have been
recognised in other comprehensive income shall be recognised immediately in retained earnings. They
shall not be reclassified to profit or loss in a subsequent period.’

In paragraph 105 and in the third paragraph of the Example illustrating paragraph 106, ‘the income statement’ is
amended to ‘profit or loss’.

Paragraph 120A is amended as follows:

‘120A An entity shall disclose the following information about defined benefit plans: …

(h) the total amount recognised in other comprehensive income for each of the following: …

(i)

for entities that recognise actuarial gains and losses in other comprehensive income in accordance with
paragraph 93A,
recognised in other
comprehensive income.’

the cumulative amount of actuarial gains and losses

Paragraph 161 is added as follows:

‘161

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 93A–93D, 106 (Example) and 120A. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier
period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 20 Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance

A17

IAS 20 is amended as described below.

In paragraphs 14 and 15, ‘the income statement’ is amended to ‘profit or loss’.

In paragraph 28, ‘for the purpose of balance sheet presentation’ is amended to ‘for presentation purposes in the
statement of financial position’.

Paragraph 29A is added as follows:

‘29A If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), it presents grants related to income as required in paragraph
29 in that separate statement.’

Paragraph 42 is added as follows:

‘42

In addition it added
IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs.
paragraph 29A. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall
be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates

A18

IAS 21 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 7, ‘… a cash flow statement of cash flows arising …’ is amended to ‘… a statement of cash flows of
the cash flows arising …’

In the heading above paragraph 23, ‘Reporting at subsequent balance sheet dates’ is amended to ‘Reporting at the
ends of subsequent reporting periods’.

In paragraph 27, ‘reported initially in equity’ is amended to ‘recognised initially in other comprehensive income’.

In paragraphs 30 and 31, ‘recognised directly in equity’ and ‘recognised in equity’ are amended to ‘recognised in
other comprehensive income’.

In paragraph 32,
is
amended to ‘recognised initially in other comprehensive income and reclassified from equity to profit or loss’.

‘recognised initially in a separate component of equity and recognised in profit or loss’

In paragraph 33,
comprehensive income’.

‘reclassified to the separate component of equity’

is amended to ‘recognised in other

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Paragraph 37 is amended as follows:

‘37

The effect … Exchange differences arising from the translation of a foreign operation previously recognised
in other comprehensive income in accordance with paragraphs 32 and 39(c) are not reclassified from
equity to profit or loss until the disposal of the operation.’

In paragraph 39(a), ‘at the closing rate at the date of that balance sheet’ is amended to ‘at the closing rate at the
date of that statement of financial position’.

In paragraph 39(b), ‘each income statement’ is amended to ‘each statement of comprehensive income or separate
income statement presented’.

In paragraph 39(c), ‘as a separate component of equity’ is amended to ‘in other comprehensive income’.

Paragraphs 41, 45, 46, 48 and 52 are amended as follows:

‘41

The exchange differences referred to in paragraph 39(c) result from:

(a) translating income and expenses at the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions and assets and

liabilities at the closing rate.

…

These exchange differences are not recognised in profit or loss because the changes in exchange rates
have little or no direct effect on the present and future cash flows from operations. The cumulative
amount of the exchange differences is presented in a separate component of equity until disposal of
the foreign operation. When the exchange differences relate to a foreign operation that is consolidated
but not wholly-owned …

The incorporation … Accordingly, in the consolidated financial statements of the reporting entity, such an
exchange difference is recognised in profit or loss or, if it arises from the circumstances described in
paragraph 32, it is recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in a separate component
of equity until the disposal of the foreign operation.

When … IAS 27 allows the use of a different date provided that the difference is no greater than three
months and adjustments are made for the effects of any significant transactions or other events that occur
between the different dates. …

On the disposal of a foreign operation, the cumulative amount of the exchange differences relating to that
foreign operation, recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in a separate component of
equity, shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss (as a reclassification adjustment) when the gain or
loss on disposal is recognised (see IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)).

45

46

48

52

An entity shall disclose: …

(b) net exchange differences recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in a separate
component of equity, and a reconciliation of the amount of such exchange differences at the beginning
and end of the period.’

Paragraph 60A is added as follows:

‘60A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 27, 30–33, 37, 39, 41, 45, 48 and 52. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier
period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures
In IAS 24, in paragraph 19, ‘on the balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in the statement of financial position’.

A19

IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements

A20

IAS 27 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 4,

in the definition of the cost method,

‘accumulated profits’

is amended to ‘retained earnings’.

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Paragraphs 26, 27, 30 and 40(e) are amended as follows:

‘26

27

30

The financial statements of the parent and its subsidiaries used in the preparation of the consolidated
financial statements shall be prepared as of the same date. When the end of the reporting period of the
parent is different from that of a subsidiary, the subsidiary prepares, for consolidation purposes, additional
financial statements as of the same date as the financial statements of the parent unless it is impracticable
to do so.

When … the financial statements of a subsidiary used in the preparation of consolidated financial
statements are prepared as of a date different from that of the parent, adjustments shall be made for
the effects of significant transactions or events that occur between that date and the date of the parent’s
financial statements. In any case, the difference between the end of the reporting period of the subsidiary
and that of the parent shall be no more than three months. The length of the reporting periods and any
difference between the ends of the reporting periods shall be the same from period to period.

The income … recognised in other comprehensive income in accordance with IAS 21 The Effects of Changes
in Foreign Exchange Rates, is reclassified to consolidated profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment as the
gain or loss on the disposal of the subsidiary.

40

The following disclosures …

(e) the end of the reporting period of the financial statements of a subsidiary when such financial
statements are used to prepare consolidated financial statements and are as of a date or for a
period that is different from that of the parent, and the reason for using a different date or period; …’

Paragraph 43A is added as follows:

‘43A IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout
IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraph 30. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods
beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the
amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 28 Investments in Associates

A21

IAS 28 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 11, 24, 25, 37(e) and 39 are amended as follows:

‘11

24

25

Under the equity method … Adjustments to the carrying amount may also be necessary for changes in the
investor’s proportionate interest in the investee arising from changes in the investee’s other comprehensive
income. Such changes include those arising from the revaluation of property, plant and equipment and
from foreign exchange translation differences. The investor’s share of those changes is recognised in other
comprehensive income of the investor (see IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)).

The most recent … When the end of the reporting period of the investor is different from that of the
associate, the associate prepares, for the use of the investor, financial statements as of the same date as the
financial statements of the investor unless it is impracticable to do so.

When … the financial statements of an associate used in applying the equity method are prepared as of a
different date from that of the investor … In any case, the difference between the end of the reporting
period of the associate and that of the investor shall be no more than three months. The length of the
reporting periods and any difference between the ends of the reporting periods shall be the same from
period to period.

37

The following disclosures …

(e) the end of the reporting period of the financial statements of an associate, when such financial
statements are used in applying the equity method and are as of a date or for a period that is
different from that of the investor, and the reason for using a different date or different period;

39

The investor’s share of changes recognised in other comprehensive income by the associate shall be
recognised by the investor in other comprehensive income.’

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Paragraph 41A is added as follows:

‘41A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 11 and 39. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies

A22

IAS 29 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 27,

‘income statement items’

is amended to ‘items in the statement of comprehensive income’.

In paragraph 28, ‘income statement items’ is amended to ‘income and expense items’.

In paragraph 36, ‘reporting dates’ is amended to ‘ends of the reporting periods’.

IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation

A23

IAS 32 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 18,

‘on the entity’s balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in the entity’s statement of financial position’.

In paragraph 29, last sentence, ‘on its balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in its statement of financial position’.

In paragraph 40,
statement (if presented)’ (twice).

‘income statement’

Paragraph 97A is added as follows:

is amended to ‘statement of comprehensive income or separate income

‘97A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 40. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January
2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for
that earlier period.’

The Application Guidance is amended as described below.

In paragraph AG31, ‘on the balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in the statement of financial position’.

In paragraph AG39, ‘on an entity’s balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in an entity’s statement of financial position’.

IAS 33 Earnings per Share

A24

IAS 33 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 4, ‘on the face of its separate income statement’ is amended to ‘in its statement of comprehensive
income’.

Paragraph 4A is added as follows:

‘4A

If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007), it presents earnings per share
only in that separate statement.’

In paragraph 13, ‘Presentation of Financial Statements’ is deleted.

Paragraph 67 is amended as follows: ‘… dual presentation can be accomplished in one line in the statement of
comprehensive income.’

Paragraphs 67A, 68A, 73A and 74A are added as follows:

‘67A If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), it presents basic and diluted earnings per share, as required in
paragraphs 66 and 67, in that separate statement.

68A

If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007),
it presents basic and diluted earnings per share for the
discontinued operation, as required in paragraph 68, in that separate statement or in the notes.

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73A

74A

Paragraph 73 applies also to an entity that discloses, in addition to basic and diluted earnings per share,
amounts per share using a reported component of the separate income statement (as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007)), other than one required by this Standard.

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it added para­
graphs 4A, 67A, 68A and 73A. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on
or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, those amendments
shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting

A25

IAS 34 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 4, 5 and 8 are amended as follows:

‘4

…

Interim financial report means a financial report containing either a complete set of financial statements (as
described in IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)) or a set of condensed financial
statements (as described in this Standard) for an interim period.

5

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) defines a complete set of financial statements as including the following
components:

(a) a statement of financial position as at the end of the period;

(b) a statement of comprehensive income for the period;

(c) a statement of changes in equity for the period;

(d) a statement of cash flows for the period;

(e) notes, comprising a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information; and

(f) a statement of financial position as at the beginning of the earliest comparative period when an entity
applies an accounting policy retrospectively or makes a retrospective restatement of items in its
financial statements, or when it reclassifies items in its financial statements.

8

An interim financial report shall include …

(a) a condensed statement of financial position;

(b) a condensed statement of comprehensive income, presented as either:

(i) a condensed single statement; or

(ii) a condensed separate income statement and a condensed statement of comprehensive income;

(c) a condensed statement of changes in equity;

(d) a condensed statement of cash flows; and

(e) selected explanatory notes.’

Paragraph 8A is added as follows:

‘8A

If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), it presents interim condensed information from that separate
statement.’

Paragraph 11 is amended as follows:

‘11

In the statement that presents the components of profit or loss for an interim period, an entity shall
present basic and diluted earnings per share for that period.’

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Paragraph 11A is added as follows:

‘11A If an entity presents the components of profit or loss in a separate income statement as described in
paragraph 81 of IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), it presents basic and diluted earnings per share in that separate
statement.’

Paragraph 12 is amended as follows:

‘12

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) provides guidance on the structure of financial statements. …’

Paragraph 13 is deleted.

In paragraph 16(j),

‘last annual balance sheet date’

is amended to ‘end of the last annual reporting period’.

Paragraph 20 is amended as follows:

‘20

Interim reports shall …

(a) … financial year.

(b) statements of comprehensive income for the current interim period and cumulatively for the current
financial year to date, with comparative statements of comprehensive income for the comparable
interim periods (current and year-to-date) of the immediately preceding financial year. As permitted
by IAS 1 (as revised in 2007), an interim report may present for each period either a single statement
of comprehensive income, or a statement displaying components of profit or loss (separate income
statement) and a second statement beginning with profit or loss and displaying components of other
comprehensive income (statement of comprehensive income).

(c) statement of changes in equity … preceding financial year.

(d) …’

In paragraph 21,

‘ending on the interim reporting date’ is amended to ‘up to the end of the interim period’.

In paragraph 30(b), ‘on the balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in the statement of financial position’.

In paragraph 31, ‘both at annual and interim financial reporting dates’ is amended to ‘at the end of both annual
and interim financial reporting periods’.

In paragraph 32, ‘at an interim reporting date’ is amended to ‘at the end of an interim reporting period’ and ‘at an
annual reporting date’ is amended to ‘at the end of an annual reporting period’.

Paragraph 47 is added as follows:

‘47

IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 4, 5, 8, 11, 12 and 20, deleted paragraph 13 and added paragraphs 8A and 11A. An entity
shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity
applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 36 Impairment of Assets

A26

IAS 36 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 61 and 120 are amended as follows:

‘61

An impairment loss on a non-revalued asset is recognised in profit or loss. However, an impairment loss
on a revalued asset is recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent that the impairment loss
does not exceed the amount in the revaluation surplus for that same asset. Such an impairment loss on a
revalued asset reduces the revaluation surplus for that asset.

120

A reversal of an impairment loss on a revalued asset is recognised in other comprehensive income and
increases the revaluation surplus for that asset. However, …’

In paragraphs 126 and 129, ‘directly in equity’ is amended to ‘in other comprehensive income’.

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Paragraph 140A is added as follows:

‘140A IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout
IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraphs 61, 120, 126 and 129. An entity shall apply those amendments
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an
earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets

A27

IAS 37 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 25, ‘balance sheet items’ is amended to ‘items in the statement of financial position’.

In paragraph 75, ‘of users taken’ is amended to ‘that users make’.

IAS 38 Intangible Assets

A28

IAS 38 is amended as described below.

Paragraphs 85 and 86 are amended as follows:

‘85

86

If an intangible asset’s carrying amount is increased as a result of a revaluation, the increase shall be
recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation
surplus. However, …

If an intangible … However, the decrease shall be recognised in other comprehensive income to the extent
of any credit balance in the revaluation surplus in respect of that asset. The decrease recognised in other
comprehensive income reduces the amount accumulated in equity under the heading of revaluation
surplus.’

In paragraph 87, ‘through the income statement’ is amended to ‘through profit or loss’.

In paragraph 118(e)(iii), ‘directly in equity’ is amended to ‘in other comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 130B is added as follows:

‘130B IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout
IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraphs 85, 86 and 118(e)(iii). An entity shall apply those amendments
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an
earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement

A29

IAS 39 is amended as described below.

References to:

— ‘recognised in equity’ and ‘recognised directly in equity’ are amended to ‘recognised in other comprehensive

income’.

— ‘separate balance sheet line item’ are amended to ‘separate line item in the statement of financial position’.

In the last sentence of paragraph 11, ‘on the face of the financial statements’ is amended to ‘in the statement of
financial position’.

In paragraph 12,
reporting period’.

‘at a subsequent financial reporting date’ is amended to ‘at the end of a subsequent financial

In paragraph 14, ‘on its balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in its statement of financial position’.

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Paragraphs 54 and 55 are amended as follows:

‘54

If, as a result … Any previous gain or loss on that asset that has been recognised in other comprehensive
income in accordance with paragraph 55(b) shall be accounted for as follows:

(a)

In the case … If the financial asset is subsequently impaired, any gain or loss that has been recognised in
other comprehensive income is
in accordance with
paragraph 67.

reclassified from equity to profit or

loss

(b) In the case of a financial asset that does not have a fixed maturity, the gain or loss shall be recognised in
profit or loss when the financial asset is sold or otherwise disposed of. If the financial asset is subse­
quently impaired any previous gain or loss that has been recognised in other comprehensive income is
reclassified from equity to profit or loss in accordance with paragraph 67.

55

A gain or loss … shall be recognised, as follows.

(a) …

(b) A gain or loss on an available-for-sale financial asset shall be recognised in other comprehensive income,
losses (see paragraphs 67–70) and foreign exchange gains and losses (see
except for impairment
Appendix A paragraph AG83), until the financial asset is derecognised. At that time, the cumulative
gain or loss previously recognised in other comprehensive income shall be reclassified from equity to
profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment (see IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in
2007)). However, …’

In paragraph 68, ‘removed from equity and recognised in profit or loss’ is amended to ‘reclassified from equity to
profit or loss’.

In paragraph 95(a),
amended to ‘recognised in other comprehensive income’.

‘recognised directly in equity through the statement of changes in equity (see IAS 1)’

is

In paragraph 97,
reclassification adjustment (see IAS 1 (as revised in 2007))’.

‘reclassified into profit or loss’ is amended to ‘reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a

Paragraphs 98 and 100 are amended as follows:

‘98

If a hedge …

(a)

It reclassifies the associated gains and losses that were recognised in other comprehensive income in
accordance with paragraph 95 to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment (see IAS 1 (revised 2007))
in the same period or periods during which the asset acquired or liability assumed affects profit or loss
(such as in the periods that depreciation expense or cost of sales is recognised). However, if an entity
expects that all or a portion of a loss recognised in other comprehensive income will not be recovered
in one or more future periods,
it shall reclassify from equity to profit or loss as a reclassification
adjustment the amount that is not expected to be recovered.

(b) It removes the associated gains and losses that were recognised in other comprehensive income in

accordance with paragraph 95 …

100 For cash flow hedges other than those covered by paragraphs 97 and 98, amounts that had been recognised
in other comprehensive income shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a reclassification
adjustment (see IAS 1 (revised 2007)) in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecast
transaction affects profit or loss (for example, when a forecast sale occurs).’

‘remains recognised directly in equity’ is amended to ‘has been recognised in other compre­
In paragraph 101,
hensive income’, ‘shall remain separately recognised in equity’ is amended to ‘shall remain separately in equity’ and
‘shall be recognised in profit or loss’
is amended to ‘shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a
reclassification adjustment’.

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Paragraph 102 is amended as follows:

‘102 Hedges of a net investment …

(a) the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge

(see paragraph 88) shall be recognised in other comprehensive income; and

(b) the ineffective portion shall be recognised in profit or loss.

The gain or loss on the hedging instrument relating to the effective portion of the hedge that has been
recognised in other comprehensive income shall be reclassified from equity to profit or loss as a
reclassification adjustment (see IAS 1 (revised 2007)) on disposal of the foreign operation.’

Paragraph 103C is added as follows:

‘103C IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraphs 26, 27, 34, 54, 55, 57, 67, 68, 95(a), 97, 98, 100, 102, 105, 108, AG4D, AG4E(d)(i), AG56,
AG67, AG83 and AG99B. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or
after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall
be applied for that earlier period.’

Paragraphs 105 and 108 are amended as follows:

‘105 When … For any such financial asset, the entity shall recognise all cumulative changes in fair value in a
separate component of equity until subsequent derecognition or impairment, when the entity shall reclassify
that cumulative gain or loss from equity to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment (see IAS 1 (revised
2007)). The entity …

108 An entity shall not adjust the carrying amount of non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities to exclude
gains and losses related to cash flow hedges that were included in the carrying amount before the beginning
of the financial year in which this Standard is first applied. At the beginning of the financial period in which
this Standard is first applied, any amount recognised outside profit or loss (in other comprehensive income
or directly in equity) for a hedge of a firm commitment that under this Standard is accounted for as a fair
value hedge shall be reclassified as an asset or liability, except for a hedge of foreign currency risk that
continues to be treated as a cash flow hedge.’

Appendix A Application guidance is amended as described below.

In paragraph AG4E(d)(i), ‘changes reported in equity’ is amended to ‘changes recognised in other comprehensive
income’.

In paragraph AG25,
period’.

‘each subsequent balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘the end of each subsequent reporting

In paragraph AG51(a), ‘on its balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in its statement of financial position’.

In paragraph AG67, ‘The next financial reporting date’ is amended to ‘The end of the reporting period’.

Paragraph AG99B is amended as follows:

‘AG99B If a hedge of a forecast intragroup transaction qualifies for hedge accounting, any gain or loss that is
recognised in other comprehensive income in accordance with paragraph 95(a) shall be reclassified from
equity to profit or loss as a reclassification adjustment in the same period or periods during which the
foreign currency risk of the hedged transaction affects consolidated profit or loss.’

In paragraph AG129, ‘on the balance sheet’ is amended to ‘in the statement of financial position’.

IAS 40 Investment Property

A30

In IAS 40, paragraph 62 is amended as follows:

‘62 Up to the date … In other words:

(a) any resulting decrease in the carrying amount of the property is recognised in profit or loss. However,
to the extent that an amount is included in revaluation surplus for that property, the decrease is
recognised in other comprehensive income and reduces the revaluation surplus within equity.

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(b) any resulting increase in the carrying amount is treated as follows:

(i) …

(ii) any remaining part of the increase is recognised in other comprehensive income and increases the

revaluation surplus within equity. On subsequent …’

Paragraph 85A is added as follows:

‘85A IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout
IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraph 62. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods
beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the
amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

IAS 41 Agriculture
In paragraph 24(a) of IAS 41, ‘a balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘the end of a reporting period’.

A31

IFRIC 1 Changes in Existing Decommissioning, Restoration and Similar Liabilities

A32

IFRIC 1 is amended as described below.

In the ‘References’ section,
Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’.

‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2003)’ is amended to ‘IAS 1

Paragraph 6 is amended as follows:

‘6

If the related asset is measured using the revaluation model:

(a) changes in the liability … so that:

(i) a decrease in the liability shall (subject to (b)) be recognised in other comprehensive income and

increase the revaluation surplus within equity, …;

(ii) an increase in the liability shall be recognised in profit or loss, except that it shall be recognised in
other comprehensive income and reduce the revaluation surplus within equity to the extent …

(b) …

(c) a change… Any such revaluation shall be taken into account in determining the amounts to be
If a revaluation is

in other comprehensive income under

(a).

recognised in profit or
necessary, all assets of that class shall be revalued.

loss or

(d) IAS 1 requires disclosure in the statement of comprehensive income of each component of other
comprehensive income or expense. In complying with this requirement, the change in the revaluation
surplus arising from a change in the liability shall be separately identified and disclosed as such.’

Paragraph 9A is added as follows:

‘9A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 6. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

IFRIC 7 Applying the Restatement Approach under IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary
Economies

A33

IFRIC 7 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 3, ‘closing balance sheet date of the reporting period’ is amended to ‘end of the reporting period’.

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In paragraph 4, ‘closing balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘end of the reporting period’ and ‘closing balance sheet
date of that period’ is amended to ‘end of that reporting period’.

IFRIC 10 Interim Financial Reporting and Impairment

A34

IFRIC 10 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 1, ‘every reporting date’ is amended to ‘the end of each reporting period’, ‘every balance sheet date’ is
amended to ‘the end of each reporting period’ and ‘a subsequent reporting or balance sheet date’ is amended to
‘the end of a subsequent reporting period’.

In paragraph 7,

‘a subsequent balance sheet date’ is amended to ‘at the end of a subsequent reporting period’.

IFRIC 14 IAS 19 — The Limit on a Defined Benefit Asset, Minimum Funding Requirements and their
Interaction

A34A IFRIC 14 is amended as described below.

In paragraph 10,
statement of financial position’.

‘net balance sheet asset or liability’

is amended to ‘net asset or liability recognised in the

In paragraph 26(b) ‘the statement of recognised income and expense’ is amended to ‘other comprehensive income’.

Paragraph 27A is added as follows:

‘27A IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended
paragraph 26. An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after
1 January 2009. If an entity applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be
applied for that earlier period.’

SIC-7 Introduction of the Euro

A35

SIC-7 is amended as described below.

In the ‘References’ section, ‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’ is added.

Paragraph 4(b) is amended as follows:

‘4 This means that, in particular:

(a) …

(b) cumulative exchange differences relating to the translation of financial statements of foreign operations,
recognised in other comprehensive income, shall be accumulated in equity and shall be reclassified from
equity to profit or loss only on the disposal of the net investment in the foreign operation; and …’

Under the heading ‘Effective date’ a new paragraph is added after ‘IAS 8’, as follows:

‘IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraph 4.
An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity
applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

SIC-10 Government Assistance — No Specific Relation to Operating Activities
In SIC-10, in paragraph 3, ‘equity’ is amended to ‘shareholders’ interests’.

SIC-13 Jointly Controlled Entities — Non-Monetary Contributions by Venturers
In SIC-13, in paragraph 3(a), ‘the income statement’ is amended to ‘profit or loss’.

SIC-15 Operating Leases — Incentives
In SIC-15, in the ‘References’ section, ‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2003)’ is amended to
‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’.

A36

A37

A38

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SIC-25 Income Taxes — Changes in the Tax Status of an Entity or its Shareholders

A39

SIC-25 is amended as described below.

In the ‘References’ section, ‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’ is added.

Paragraph 4 is amended as follows:

‘4 A change in the tax status of an entity or its shareholders does not give rise to increases or decreases in
amounts recognised outside profit or loss. The current and deferred tax consequences of a change in tax status
shall be included in profit or loss for the period, unless those consequences relate to transactions and events
that result, in the same or a different period, in a direct credit or charge to the recognised amount of equity or
in amounts recognised in other comprehensive income. Those tax consequences that relate to changes in the
recognised amount of equity, in the same or a different period (not included in profit or loss), shall be charged
or credited directly to equity. Those tax consequences that relate to amounts recognised in other compre­
hensive income shall be recognised in other comprehensive income.’

Under the heading ‘Effective date’ a new paragraph is added after ‘IAS 8’ as follows:

‘IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraph 4.
An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity
applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’

A40

SIC-29 Service Concession Arrangements: Disclosures
In SIC-29, in the ‘References’ section, ‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2003)’ is amended to
‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’.

SIC-32 Intangible Assets — Website Costs

A41

SIC-32 is amended as described below.

In the ‘References’ section,
Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2007)’.

‘IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (as revised in 2003)’ is amended to ‘IAS 1

Paragraph 5 is amended as follows:

‘5 This Interpretation … Additionally, when an entity incurs expenditure on an Internet service provider hosting
the entity’s web site, the expenditure is recognised as an expense under IAS 1.88 and the Framework when the
services are received.’

Under the heading ‘Effective date’ a second paragraph is added as follows:

‘IAS 1 (as revised in 2007) amended the terminology used throughout IFRSs. In addition it amended paragraph 5.
An entity shall apply those amendments for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2009. If an entity
applies IAS 1 (revised 2007) for an earlier period, the amendments shall be applied for that earlier period.’