Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors (Codified version)
Date: 2008-11-17
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: agricultural holding, approval, approximation of laws, forestry holding, tractor, vehicle parts

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COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 

Brussels, 17.11.2008 
COM(2008) 690 final 

2008/0213 (COD) 

Proposal for a 

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 

on certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors 

(Codified version) 

(presented by the Commission) 

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EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 

In  the  context  of  a  people’s  Europe,  the  Commission  attaches  great  importance  to 
simplifying  and  clarifying  Community  law  so  as  to  make  it  clearer  and  more 
accessible to the ordinary citizen, thus giving him new opportunities and the chance 
to make use of the specific rights it gives him. 

This aim cannot be achieved so long as numerous provisions that have been amended 
several times, often quite substantially, remain scattered, so that they must be sought 
partly  in  the  original  instrument  and  partly  in  later  amending  ones.  Considerable 
research work, comparing many different instruments, is thus needed to identify the 
current rules. 

For  this  reason  a  codification  of  rules  that  have  frequently  been  amended  is  also 
essential if Community law is to be clear and transparent. 

On  1  April  1987  the  Commission  therefore  decided1  to  instruct  its  staff  that  all 
legislative acts should be codified after no more than ten amendments, stressing that 
this  is  a  minimum  requirement  and  that  departments  should  endeavour  to  codify  at 
even  shorter  intervals  the  texts  for  which  they  are  responsible,  to  ensure  that  the 
Community rules are clear and readily understandable. 

The  Conclusions  of 
the  Edinburgh  European  Council 
(December 1992) confirmed this2, stressing the importance of codification as it offers 
certainty as to the law applicable to a given matter at a given time. 

the  Presidency  of 

Codification  must  be  undertaken  in  full  compliance  with  the  normal  Community 
legislative procedure. 

Given  that  no  changes  of  substance  may  be  made  to  the  instruments  affected  by 
codification, the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission have agreed, 
by  an  interinstitutional  agreement  dated  20  December  1994,  that  an  accelerated 
procedure may be used for the fast-track adoption of codification instruments. 

is 

this  proposal 

to  undertake  a  codification  of  Council 
The  purpose  of 
Directive 89/173/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws of the 
Member  States  relating  to  certain  components  and  characteristics  of  wheeled 
agricultural  or  forestry  tractors3.  The  new  Directive  will  supersede  the  various  acts 
incorporated in it4; this proposal fully preserves the content of the acts being codified 
and hence does no more than bring them together with only such formal amendments 
as are required by the codification exercise itself. 

COM(87) 868 PV. 
See Annex 3 to Part A of the Conclusions. 
Carried out pursuant to the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the 
Council – Codification of the Acquis communautaire, COM(2001) 645 final. 
See Annex VII, Part A of this proposal. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

1 
2 
3 

4 

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5. 

The codification proposal was drawn up on the basis of a preliminary consolidation, 
in all official languages, of Directive 89/173/EEC and the instruments amending it, 
carried out by the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, by 
means  of  a  data-processing  system.  Where  the  Articles  have  been  given  new 
numbers,  the  correlation  between  the  old  and  the  new  numbers  is  shown  in  a  table 
contained in Annex VIII to the codified Directive. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2008/0213 (COD) 

Proposal for a 

DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL 

on certain components and characteristics of wheeled agricultural or forestry tractors 

(Text with EEA relevance) 

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article  
⌦ 95 ⌫ thereof, 

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, 

Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee1, 

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty2,  

Whereas: 

(1) 

(2) 

(cid:208)  

Council Directive 89/173/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws 
of  the  Member  States  relating  to  certain  components  and  characteristics  of  wheeled 
agricultural or forestry tractors3 has been substantially amended several times4. In the 
interests of clarity and rationality the said Directive should be codified.  

for 

in  Council  Directive  74/150/EEC  as 

Directive  89/173/EEC  is  one  of  the  separate  Directives  of  the  EC  type-approval 
system  provided 
replaced  by 
Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 
on type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable 
towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units 
and  repealing  Directive  74/150/EEC5  and 
technical  prescriptions 
concerning  the  design  and  construction  of  agricultural  or  forestry  tractors  as  regards 
certain  components  and  characteristics.  Those  technical  prescriptions  concern  the 
approximation  of  the  laws  of  the  Member  States  to  enable  the  EC  type-approval 
procedure provided for in Directive 2003/37/EC to be applied in respect of each type 

lays  down 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 

 ⌦ OJ C […], […], p. […]. ⌫ 
OJ C […], […], p. […]. 
OJ L 67, 10.3.1989, p. 1.  
See Annex VII, part A.  
OJ L 171, 9.7.2003, p. 1.  

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of tractor. Consequently, the provisions laid down in Directive 2003/37/EC relating to 
agricultural and forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, 
together  with  their  systems,  components  and  separate  technical  units  apply  to  this 
Directive. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC Recital 2 

(3) 

The  technical  requirements  which  tractors  must  fulfil  in  pursuance  of  national  laws 
concern,  inter  alia,  their  dimensions  and  masses,  speed  governors,  the  protection  of 
their  drive  components,  projections  and  wheels,  brake  control  for  towed  vehicles, 
windscreens  and  other  glazing,  the  mechanical  coupling  between  tractor  and  towed 
vehicle  and  the  location  and  method  of  affixing  statutory  plates  and  markings  to  the 
body of the tractor. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC Recital 4 (adapted) 

(4)  ⌦ It  is  desirable  to  take  into  account ⌫  the  technical  requirements  adopted  by  the 
⌦ UN ⌫  Economic  Commission  for  Europe  ⌦ (UN/ECE) in  its  corresponding 
regulations  annexed  to  the  Agreement  of  the  United  Nations  Economic  Commission 
for  Europe ⌫  concerning  the  adoption  of  uniform  ⌦ technical  prescriptions  for 
wheeled  vehicles,  equipment  and  parts  which  can  be  fitted  to  and/or  be  used  on 
wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on 
the basis of these prescriptions (‘Revised 1958 Agreement’)6. ⌫ 

(5) 

This  Directive  should  be  without  prejudice  to  the  obligations  of  the  Member  States 
relating  to  the  time-limits  for  transposition  into  national  law  and  application  of  the 
Directives set out in Annex VII, Part B, 

(cid:208)  

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 
(cid:206)1 97/54/EC Art. 1 

HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: 

Article 1 

1. ⌦ For the purposes of this Directive ⌫ ‘agricultural or forestry tractor’ means any motor 
vehicle fitted with wheels or endless tracks and having at least two axles, the main function of 
which lies in its tractive power and which is specially designed to ⌦ tow ⌫, push, carry or 
power certain tools, machinery or trailers intended for agricultural or forestry use. It may be 
equipped to carry a load and passengers. 

2.  This  Directive  shall  apply  only  to  tractors  defined  in  paragraph  1  which  are  fitted  with 
pneumatic tyres and have a maximum design speed of between 6 and (cid:206)1 40  km/h. 

6 

Published as Annex I to Council Decision 97/836/EC (OJ L 346, 17.12.1997, p. 78). 

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Article 2 

1.  No  Member  State  may  refuse  EC  type-approval  or  national  type-approval  of  a  tractor  or 
refuse its registration, or prohibit the  sale,  entry into service  or use of a tractor, on grounds 
relating  to  ⌦ the  following  components  and  characteristics,  where  these  comply  with  the 
requirements of Annexes I to VI relating thereto and where the windscreens and other glass 
panes or the mechanical couplings bear an EC component type-approval mark ⌫:  

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

dimensions and towable masses; 

speed governors and protection of drive components, projections and wheels; 

windscreens and other glazing; 

mechanical couplings between tractor and towed vehicle, including the vertical load 
on the coupling point; 

location  and  method  of  affixing  statutory  plates  and  inscriptions  to  the  body  of  the 
tractor; 

(f) 

brake control for towed vehicles. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2.  By  way  of  derogation  from  the  provisions  of  paragraph  1  relating  to  use  of  the  tractor, 
Member States may, for reasons concerning towable mass(es), continue to apply their national 
provisions  reflecting  in  particular  the  special  requirements  relating  to  the  nature  of  the  land 
relief on their territory, within the limits of the towable masses listed in point 2.2 of Annex I 
in so far as this does not involve alterations to the tractor or a further supplementary national 
type-approval. 

Article 3 

1. Each Member State shall grant EC component type-approval for any type of windscreen or 
other  glass-pane  and/or  of  mechanical  coupling  which  satisfies  the  construction  and  testing 
requirements laid down in Annexes III and/or IV. 

2. The Member State which has granted EC component type-approval shall take the measures 
required  in  order  to  verify,  in  so  far  as  is  necessary  and  if  need  be  in  cooperation  with  the 
competent  authorities  in  the  other  Member  States,  that  production  models  conform  to  the 
approved type. Such verification shall be limited to spot checks. 

Article 4 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Member  States  shall,  for  each  type  of  windscreen  or  other  glass  pane  or  of  mechanical 
coupling which  they  approve pursuant to Article  3, issue to the manufacturer of the tractor, 
windscreen  or  mechanical  coupling  or  to  his  authorised  representative,  an  EC  component 
type-approval mark conforming to the ⌦ examples ⌫ shown in Annex III or Annex IV. 

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Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of marks liable to create 
confusion  between  the  type  of  equipment  which  has  been  granted  EC  component  type-
approval pursuant to Article 3 and equipment of other types. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Article 5 

No  Member  State  may  prohibit  the  placing  on  the  market  of  windscreens  and  other  glass 
panes or mechanical couplings on grounds relating to their construction if they bear the EC 
component type-approval mark. 

Nevertheless  a  Member  State  may  prohibit  the  placing  on  the  market  of  windscreens  or 
mechanical couplings bearing the EC component type-approval mark which do not conform 
to the approved type. 

That  Member  State  shall  forthwith  inform  the  other  Member  States  and  the  Commission  of 
the measures taken, specifying the reasons for its decision. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Article 6 

The  competent  authorities  of  each  Member  State  shall  within  one  month  send  to  the 
competent  authorities  of  the  other  Member  States  a  copy  of  the  component  type-approval 
certificates, ⌦ models ⌫ of which are ⌦ shown ⌫ in Annex III or Annex IV, completed 
for each type of windscreen or mechanical coupling which they approve or refuse to approve. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Article 7 

1. If the Member State which has granted EC component type-approval finds that a number of 
windscreens or mechanical couplings bearing the same EC component type-approval mark do 
not conform to the type which it has approved, it shall take the necessary measures to ensure 
that production models conform to the approved type.  

The competent authorities of that Member State shall advise those of the other Member States 
of the measures taken, which may, if necessary, where there is a serious and repeated failure 
to conform, extend to withdrawal of the EC component type-approval.  

Those  authorities  shall  take  the  same  measures  if  they  are  informed  by  the  competent 
authorities of another Member State of such failure to conform. 

2. The competent authorities of the Member States shall inform each other within one month 
of any withdrawal of EC component type-approval and of the reasons for such a measure. 

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Article 8 

Any decision taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementation of this Directive to 
refuse or withdraw EC component type-approval for a windscreen or mechanical coupling or 
to prohibit their placing on the market or use, shall set out in detail the reasons on which it is 
based.  

Such  decisions  shall  be  notified  to  the  party  concerned,  who  shall  at  the  same  time  be 
informed of the remedies available to him under the laws in force in the Member States and of 
the time limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Article 9 

Any  amendments  necessary  to  adapt  the  requirements  of  Annexes  I  to  VI  to  technical 
progress  shall  be  adopted  in  accordance  with  the  procedure  ⌦ referred  to ⌫  in  Article 
⌦ 20(2) ⌫ of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC⌫. 

Member States shall ⌦ communicate ⌫ to the Commission the texts of the main provisions 
of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.  

Article 10 

(cid:208)  

Article 11 

Directive  89/173/EEC,  as  amended  by  the  acts  listed  in  Annex  VII,  Part  A,  is  repealed, 
without  prejudice  to  the  obligations  of  the  Member  States  relating  to  the  time-limits  for 
transposition into national law and application of the Directives set out in Annex VII, Part B. 

References  to  the  repealed  Directive  shall  be  construed  as  references  to  this  Directive  and 
shall be read in accordance with the correlation table set out in Annex VIII. 

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Article 12 

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in 
the Official Journal of the European Union. 

It shall apply from [...] 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC Art. 11 

Article 13 

This Directive is addressed to the Member States. 

Done at Brussels, […] 

For the European Parliament 
The President 
[…] 

For the Council 
The President 
[…] 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

LIST OF ANNEXES 

Page 

ANNEX I: 

Dimensions and towable masses 

Appendix: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

ANNEX II: 

Speed governor and protection of drive components, projections 
and wheels 

Appendix: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

ANNEX III A:  Windscreen and other glazing — Equipment requirements, 

definitions, application for component type-approval, component 
type-approval, markings, general specifications, tests and 
conformity of production 

Appendix: 

Examples of component type-approval marks 

ANNEX III B: 

Communication on EC component type-approval, refusal of EC 
component type-approval, extension of EC component type-
approval and withdrawal of component type-approval 

Appendix 1: 

Toughened-glass windscreens 

Appendix 2: 

Uniformly toughened-glass panes other than windscreens 

Appendix 3: 

Laminated-glass windscreens 

Appendix 4: 

Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens 

Appendix 5: 

Glass-plastic windscreens 

Appendix 6: 

Glass-plastic panes other than windscreens 

Appendix 7: 

Double-glazed units 

Appendix 8: 

Contents of the list of windscreens 

ANNEX III C: 

General test conditions 

ANNEX III D: 

Toughened-glass windscreens 

ANNEX III E: 

Uniformly toughened-glass panes other than windscreens 

ANNEX III F: 

Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens 

ANNEX III G: 

Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens 

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ANNEX III H: 

Treated laminated-glass windscreens 

ANNEX III I: 

Safety-glass panes faced with plastic material on the inside 

ANNEX III J: 

Glass-plastic windscreens 

ANNEX III K: 

Glass-plastic panes other than windscreens 

ANNEX III L: 

Double-glazed units 

ANNEX III M: 

Grouping of windscreens for component type-approval testing 

ANNEX III N:  Measurement of the heights of segment and position of the 

points of impact 

ANNEX III O: 

Checks on conformity of production 

ANNEX III P: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

ANNEX IV: 

Mechanical couplings between tractor and towed vehicle and the 
vertical load on the coupling point 

Appendix 1: 

Drawings of mechanical coupling components 

Appendix 2: 

Dynamic test method 

Appendix 3: 

Coupling device static test method 

Appendix 4: 

Component type-approval mark 

Appendix 5: 

Model EC component type-approval certificate 

Appendix 6: 

Conditions for granting EC type-approval 

Appendix 7: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

ANNEX V: 

Location and method of affixing statutory plates and inscriptions 
on the body of the tractor 

Appendix: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

ANNEX VI: 

Brake control of towed vehicles and brake coupling between the 
tractor and towed vehicles 

Appendix: 

Annex to the EC type-approval certificate 

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ANNEX VII: 

Part A: Repealed Directive with list of its successive amendments 

Part B: List of time-limits for transposition into national law and 
application 

(cid:208)  

ANNEX VIII: 

Correlation Table 

_______________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX I 

DIMENSIONS AND TOWABLE MASSES 

1. 

DEFINITIONS 

1.1. 

‘Length’ means: 

– 

the length of the tractor measured between the vertical planes at right angles to 
the longitudinal axis of the tractor and passing the outermost points thereof, but 
excluding: 

– 

– 

– 

all mirrors, 

all starting handles, 

all front or lateral position (side) lamps. 

1.2. 

‘Width’ means: 

– 

the  width  of  the  tractor  measured  between  the  vertical  planes  parallel  to  the 
longitudinal  axis  of  the  tractor  and  passing  through  the  outermost  points 
thereof, but excluding: 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

any mirrors, 

any direction indicators, 

any front, lateral or rear position (side) lamps; any parking lamps, 

any distortion of the tyres caused by the weight of the tractor, 

any folding components such as lift-up footrests and flexible mud-flaps. 

1.3. 

‘Height’ means: 

– 

the  vertical  distance  between  the  ground  and  the  point  on  the  tractor  the 
greatest  distance  from  the  ground,  excluding  the  aerial.  When  this  height  is 
determined, the tractor must be: 

– 

fitted with new tyres having the greatest rolling radius specified by their 
manufacturer. 

1.4. 

‘Permissible towable mass’ 

means the mass which a type of tractor may tow. It may, for example, consist of one 
or more trailers towed or agricultural or forestry implements. A distinction is drawn 
between the technically permissible towable mass stated by the manufacturer and the 
authorised towable mass as laid down in point 2.2 below. 

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1.5. 

‘Towing device’ 

means a component on the tractor designed to provide a mechanical link between a 
tractor and towed vehicle. 

1.6. 

‘Unladen mass of tractor in running order (mt)’ 

means the mass defined in point 2.4 of Annex I to Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC ⌫. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

1.7. 

Technically permissable towable mass(es): 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

– 

– 

– 

– 

unbraked towable mass, 

independently braked towable mass (as defined in point [1.12] of Annex [I] to 
[Council] Directive [76/432/EEC1]), 

inertia  braked  towable  mass  (as  defined  in  point  [1.14]  of  Annex  [I]  to 
Directive [76/432/EEC]), 

towable mass fitted with hydraulic or pneumatic braking: such braking may be 
of  the  continuous,  semi-continuous  or  independent  power-operated  type  (as 
defined  in  points  [1.9,  1.10  and  1.11],  respectively,  of  Annex  [I]  to 
Directive [76/432/EEC]). 

2. 

REQUIREMENTS 

2.1. 

Dimensions 

The maximum dimensions of a tractor are as follows: 

2.1.1. 

length: 12 m; 

2.1.2.  width: (cid:206)1 2,55 m (ignoring any bulging of the part of the tyres that is in contact with 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 
(cid:206)1 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

the ground) ; 

2.1.3. 

height: 4 m. 

2.1.4.  The measurements intended to check these dimensions are carried out as follows: 

– 

with the tractor unladen and in running order as indicated in point 1.6, 

1 

OJ L 122, 8.5.1976, p. 1. 

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– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

on a flat horizontal surface, 

with the tractor stationary and the engine switched off, 

with the new tyres at the normal pressure recommended by the manufacturer, 

with doors and windows closed, 

with the steering wheel in the straight-ahead position, 

without any agricultural or forestry implement attached to the tractor. 

2.2. 

Permissible towable mass 

2.2.1.  The permissible towable mass must not exceed: 

2.2.1.1.  the  technically  permissible  towable  mass  as  defined  in  point  1.7,  recommended  by 

the tractor manufacturer; 

2.2.1.2.  the  towable  mass  laid  down  for  towing  device  pursuant  to  EC  component-type 

approval. 

2.2.2.  Where a Member State applies Article 2(2), towable mass(es) must be specified on 

the tractor's registration certificate. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Appendix 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TYPE OF TRACTOR WITH REGARD TO 
DIMENSIONS AND TOWABLE MASSES 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ 
type-approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with 
their systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval No: …………………………  

1. 

Component(s) or characteristic(s): 

1.1. 

Dimensions: 

1.1.1. 

length: ………………………… m 

1.1.2 

width: …………………………. m 

1.1.3. 

height: ………………………… m 

1.2. 

Towable masses: 

1.2.1. 

unbraked towable mass: ………………………… kg 

1.2.2. 

independently braked towable mass: ………………………… kg 

1.2.3. 

inertia-braked towable mass: …………… kg 

1.2.4. 

towable mass fitted with an assisted braking system (hydraulic or pneumatic): …………….… kg 

2. 

3. 

4. 

Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer: .……………………………………………………………… 

Type and where appropriate commercial name of tractor: ..………………………………………………………… 

Manufacturer’s name and address: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

5. 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative: ………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

Date of submission of tractor for EC type-approval: ……………………………………………………………… 

Technical service conducting the type-approval tests: …………………………………………………..……… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Date of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………………………………………….. 

Number of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………................................................. 

EC type-approval for dimensions and towable masses is granted/refused (1): 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

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11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

The following documents, bearing the EC type-approval number indicated above are attached to this certificate: 

……………………………….. dimensioned drawings; 

……………………………….. drawing or photograph of the tractor. 

The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request. 

15. 

Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………..................................... 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

__________________

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX II 

SPEED GOVERNOR AND PROTECTION OF DRIVE COMPONENTS, 
PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS 

1. 

SPEED GOVERNOR 

1.1. 

If a speed governor is fitted as standard by the manufacturer, it must be installed and 
[Council] 
the 
designed 
tractor 
Directive [74/152/EEC1] on maximum design speed. 

complies  with 

a  way 

such 

that 

in 

2. 

PROTECTION OF DRIVE COMPONENTS, PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS 

2.1. 

General 

2.1.1.  Drive  components,  projections  and  wheels  on  tractors  must  be  designed,  fitted  and 
protected in such a way as to prevent accidents to persons under normal conditions of 
use. 

2.1.2.  The requirements of point 2.1.1 are regarded as being fulfilled if the requirements set 
out  in  point 2.3  have  been  complied  with.  Solutions  other  than  those  described  in 
point 2.3  are  authorised  if  the  manufacturer  provides  proof  that  they  are  at  least 
equivalent to the requirements of  point 2.3. 

2.1.3.  Protective  devices  must  be  firmly  attached  to  the  tractor.  “Firmly  attached”  means 

that removal of such devices should be possible only with the aid of tools. 

2.1.4.  Cowls, lids and hoods, which could cause injury if they are slammed shut, must be 
made in such a way as to preclude their shutting accidentally (e.g. by means of safety 
devices or suitable mounting or design). 

2.1.5.  A  single  protective  device  may  protect  a  number  of  dangerous  points.  However,  if 
adjustment,  maintenance  or  interference  suppression  devices  —  which  can  be 
actuated  only  when  the  engine  is  running  —  are  fitted  beneath  a  single  protective 
device, then further protective devices must be fitted. 

2.1.6.  Securing devices (e.g. spring clips or flaps) 

– 

to secure quick-release mounting components (e.g. socket pins), 

and such components of 

– 

protective devices which open without the aid of tools (e.g. engine cowl) 

must be firmly attached either to the tractor mounting or to the protective device. 

1 

OJ L 84, 28.3.1974, p. 33. 

EN 

18 

   EN 

 
 
 
                                                 
2.2. 

Definitions 

2.2.1. 

‘Protective  device’  means  a  device  intended  to  protect  dangerous  parts.  Within  the 
meaning of this Directive, protective devices include shields, covers or guards. 

2.2.1.1.  ‘Shield’ means a protective device located immediately in front of a dangerous part 
and which, either on its own or with other parts of the machine, protects on all sides 
against contact with the dangerous part. 

2.2.1.2.  ‘Hood or cowl’ means a protective device located in front of the dangerous part and 
which protects against contact with the dangerous part on the covered side. 

2.2.1.3.  ‘Guard’ means a protective device which, by means of a rail, grill or similar device 

provides the necessary safety distance preventing contact with the dangerous part. 

2.2.2. 

‘Dangerous part’ means any point which, owing to the arrangements or design of the 
fixed or movable part of a tractor, involves a risk of injury. The dangerous parts are, 
in particular, pinching, shearing, cutting, piercing, penetrating, snatching, entry and 
attack points. 

2.2.2.1.  ‘Pinching  point’  means  any  dangerous  point  where  parts  move  in  relation  to  each 
other or to fixed parts in such a way as may cause persons or certain parts of their 
bodies to be pinched. 

2.2.2.2.  ‘Shear point’ means any dangerous point where parts move along each other or along 
other parts in such a way as may cause persons or certain parts of their bodies to be 
pinched or shorn. 

2.2.2.3.  ‘Cutting,  piercing  or  penetration  point’  means  any  dangerous  point  where  parts, 
either moving or fixed, sharp edged, pointed or blunt may injure persons or certain 
parts of their bodies. 

2.2.2.4.  ‘Snatching point’ means any dangerous point where sharp-edged projections, teeth, 
pins, screws and bolts, grease nipples, shafts, shaft ends and other parts move in such 
a  way  that  persons,  certain  parts  of  their  bodies  or  clothing  may  be  snatched  and 
pulled along. 

2.2.2.5.  ‘Entry or attack point’ means any dangerous point whose parts, by moving, narrow 

an aperture in which persons, certain parts of their bodies or clothes may be caught. 

2.2.3. 

‘Reach’  means  the  maximum  distance  which  can  be  reached  by  persons  or  certain 
parts of their bodies upwards, downwards, inwards, above, around or across without 
the aid of any object (Figure 1). 

2.2.4. 

‘Safety  distance’  means  the  distance  corresponding  to  the  reach  or  to  the  body 
dimension plus a safety margin (Figure 1). 

2.2.5. 

‘Control’ means any device whose direct actuation enables the state or operation of 
the tractor or of any equipment linked to it to be altered. 

EN 

19 

   EN 

 
(cid:208) 2006/26/EC Art. 4 Annex IV 
pt. 1(a) 

2.2.6. 

‘Normal  operation’  means  the  use  of  the  tractor  for  the  purpose  intended  by  the 
manufacturer  and  by  an  operator  familiar  with  the  tractor  characteristics  and 
complying with the information for operation, service and safe practices, as specified 
by the manufacturer in the operator's manual and by signs on the tractor. 

2.2.7. 

‘Inadvertent  contact’  means  unplanned  contact  between  a  person  and  a  hazard 
location resulting from the person's action during normal operation and service of the 
tractor. 

2.3. 

Safety distances for avoiding contact with dangerous parts 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2.3.1.  The safety distance is measured from those points which may be reached to actuate, 
service and inspect the tractor, and also from ground level. “Servicing and inspecting 
the  tractor”  solely  means  work  normally  carried  out  by  the  driver  himself  in 
accordance with the instructions for use. In determining the safety distances the basic 
principle is that the tractor is in the state for which it has been designed and that no 
means has been used in order to reach the dangerous part. 

Safety distances are set out in points 2.3.2.1 to 2.3.2.5. In certain specific areas or for 
certain specific component parts an appropriate safety level is provided if the tractor 
corresponds to the requirements set out in points 2.3.2.6 to 2.3.2.14. 

2.3.2.  Protection of dangerous points 

2.3.2.1.  Upwards 

The upward safety margin is 2 500 mm (see Figure 1) in the case of persons standing 
upright. 

EN 

Figure 1 

20 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
2.3.2.2.  Downwards, above 

The safety margin for reaching above a barrier is: 

a 

b 

c 

= 

from ground level up to the dangerous point; 

=  height of barrier or protective device; 

=  horizontal distance between dangerous point and barrier (see Figure 2). 

Figure 2 

When  reaching  both  downwards  and  above  the  safety  distances  set  out  in  Table  1 
must be maintained. 

TABLE 1 

a: Distance 
from ground of 
dangerous 
point 

Height between barrier and protective device b 

2 400  2 200  2 000  1 800  1 600  1 400  1 200  1 000 

(mm) 

2 400 

2 200 

2 000 

1 800 

1 600 

1 400 

1 200 

1 000 

800 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Horizontal distance c from dangerous point 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100 

250 

350 

400 

500 

500 

600 

100

600

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

350 

500 

600 

700 

900 

1 100 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

21 

600 

900 

900 

1 000  1 100 

500 

900 

900 

1 000  1 300 

100 

800 

900 

1 000  1 300 

— 

— 

— 

500 

900 

1 000  1 400 

300 

900 

1 000  1 400 

— 

600 

900 

1 300 

   EN 

EN 

 
 
600 

400 

200 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

500 

1 200 

300 

1 200 

200 

1 100 

2.3.2.3.  Reach around 

The safety margin shown in Table 2 below must, at the minimum, be maintained if 
the  part  of  the  body  concerned  is  not  to  reach  a  dangerous  point.  In  applying  the 
safety  margin  it  is  assumed  that  the  main  body  joint  concerned  is  pushed  firmly 
against  the  edge  of  the  protective  device. The  safety  margins  are  not  considered  to 
have been maintained until one is satisfied that part of the body may quite definitely 
not advance or penetrate further. 

TABLE 2 

EN 

22 

   EN 

 
2.3.2.4.  Penetration and reach across 

If  penetration  is  possible  into  or  across  openings  and  up  to  dangerous  parts,  the 
minimum safety distances set out in Tables 3 and 4 must be maintained. 

Parts which move in relation to one another or moving parts set alongside fixed parts 
are not regarded as risk factors provided they are no more than 8 mm apart. 

EN 

23 

   EN 

 
 
TABLE 3 

Safety distances for elongated and parallel openings 

a is the smaller dimension of the aperture. 

b is the safety distance from danger point 

TABLE 4 

Safety distances for square or circular apertures 

a is the aperture/diameter or length of side. 

b is the safety distance from danger point. 

EN 

24 

   EN 

 
 
 
2.3.2.5.  Safety distances at pinching points 

A pinching point is not considered dangerous for the part of the body shown if the 
safety distances are not less than those set out in Table 5, and if it is ensured that the 
adjacent, wider part of the body cannot be introduced. 

TABLE 5 

Hand, joint, 
fist 

2.3.2.6.  Controls 

The  gap  between  two  pedals  and  the  holes  through  which  controls  pass  are  not 
regarded as being pinching or shearing points. 

2.3.2.7.  Rear three-point coupling 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 
(cid:206)1 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

2.3.2.7.1. 

Behind  a  plane  passing  through  the  median  plane  of  the  pivot  points  of  the 
lifting  rods  in  a  three-point  coupling  system  a  minimum  safety  margin  of  25  mm 
must be maintained between the moving parts for each point or of the lifting device's 
travel  —  but  not  for  the  extreme  upper  and  lower  positions  0,1  n,  together  with  a 
distance of 25 mm or a minimum angle of 30° for the parts in shear which cause a 
change in angularity (see Figure 3). Travel n′, reduced by 0,1 n at both its upper and 
lower  ends  is  defined  as  follows  (see  Figure  4).  (cid:206)1 Where  the  lower  links  are 
directly activated by the lifting mechanism, the reference plane is determined by the 
median transverse vertical plane of those links.  

EN 

25 

   EN 

 
 
 
(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

Figure 3 

Legend: 

A = Lift arm 

B = Lower link 

C = Lift rod 

D = Tractor chassis 

E = Plane passing through the axes of the lift rod pivot points 

F = Clearance envelope 

EN 

26 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Figure 4 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2.3.2.7.2. 

For travel n of the hydraulic lifting unit, lower position A of the coupling point 
of the lower link is limited by dimension “14” in accordance with ISO Standard 730, 
Part 1, ⌦ of December 1994 ⌫ while upper position B is limited by the maximum 
hydraulic travel. Travel n′ corresponds to travel n reduced upwards and downwards 
by 0,1 n, and constitutes the vertical distance between A′ and B′. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2.3.2.7.3. 

Moreover, within travel n′ a minimum safety margin of 25 mm in relation to 

the adjacent parts must be maintained around the profile of the lifting rods. 

2.3.2.7.4. 

If,  in  the  case  of  a  three-point  coupling,  coupling  devices  are  used  which  do 
not require the presence of an operator between the tractor and the implement carried 
(for example, in the case of a quick coupling), the provisions of point 2.3.2.7.3 do not 
apply. 

2.3.2.7.5. 

The  operating  manual  should  contain  specific  information  on  the  dangerous 
points located at the front of the plane defined in the first sentence of point 2.3.2.7.1. 

2.3.2.8.  Front three-point coupling 

2.3.2.8.1. 

At each point of the lifting unit's travel n — but not for the extreme upper and 
lower  reaches  0,1  n  —  a  minimum  safety  margin  of  25  mm  must  be  maintained 
between the moving parts together with a minimum angle of 30° or a safety margin 
of 25 mm in the case of the change of angularity caused by the parts in shear with 
each other. Travel n′ reduced by 0,1 n at both its upper and lower ends, is defined as 
follows (see also Figure 4). 

EN 

27 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2.3.2.8.2. 

For  travel  n  of  the  hydraulic  lifting  unit,  extreme  lower  position  A  of  the 
coupling  point  of  the  lower  link  is  limited  by  dimension  “14”  in  accordance  with 
ISO Standard 8759, Part 2, ⌦ of March 1998 ⌫ while extreme upper position B is 
limited by the maximum hydraulic travel. Travel n′ reduced upwards and downwards 
by 0,1 n and the vertical distance between A′ and B′. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2.3.2.8.3. 

If, for the lower links of a front three-point coupling, coupling devices (such as 
a  rapid-action  coupling)  are  used  which  do  not  require  the  presence  of  a  person 
between  the  tractor  and  the  implement  attached  during  coupling,  the  requirements 
under 2.3.2.8.1 do not apply within the reach of a radius of 250 mm from the points 
at  which  the  lower  links  are  coupled  to  the  tractor.  However,  a  minimum  safety 
margin  of  25  mm  from  neighbouring parts within the defined  travel n′ must in any 
case be maintained around the outside of the travel rods/cylinders. 

2.3.2.9.  Driving seat and environment 

When he is in a sitting position, all pinching of shearing points must be out of range 
of the driver's hands or feet. This requirement is considered to have been met if the 
following conditions are fulfilled: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2.3.2.9.1. 

The driver's seat is at the mid-point in its longitudinal and vertical adjustment 
range.  The  driver's  reach  limit  is  divided  into  zones  A  and  B.  A  central  spherical 
point of these zones is 60 mm in front of and 580 mm above the seat ⌦ index ⌫ 
point (see Figure 5). Zone A consists of a sphere having a diameter of 550 mm while 
zone B is located between that sphere and a sphere having a radius of 1 000 mm. 

EN 

28 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Figure 5 

2.3.2.9.2. 

A  safety  distance  of  120  mm  in  zone  A  and  25  mm  in  zone  B  is  maintained 
near the pinching and shearing points, whilst a minimum angle of 30° is maintained 
in the case of shearing parts causing a change in angularity. 

2.3.2.9.3. 

In zone A, only the pinching and shearing points caused by parts set in motion 

by an outside energy source must be taken into account. 

2.3.2.9.4. 

If  a  dangerous  point  is  due  to  the  presence  of  structural  parts  adjacent  to  the 
seat, a safety distance of a least 25 mm is maintained between that structural part and 
the  seat.  There  is  no  dangerous  point  between  the  seat  backrest  and  the  adjacent 
structural parts located behind that backrest if the adjacent structural parts are smooth 
and  the  seat  backrest  itself  is  rounded  in  the  surrounding  area  and  has  no  sharp 
points. 

2.3.2.10. Passenger seat (if any) 

2.3.2.10.1. 

If  parts  may  constitute  a  danger  for  the  feet,  provision  must  be  made  for 
protective  devices  within  a  hemispherical  radius  of  800  mm  starting  from  the 
forward edge of the seat cushion and pointing downwards. 

2.3.2.10.2. 

As  described  in  point 2.3.2.9  (see  Figure  6)  the  dangerous  points  in  zones  A 
and B must be protected within a sphere whose centre is 670 mm above the centre of 
the front edge of the passenger seat. 

EN 

29 

   EN 

 
 
 
Figure 6 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2.3.2.11. Narrow-track  tractors  (tractors  with  a  track  as  defined  in  the  second  indent  of 

Article [1] of [Council] Directive [87/402/EEC ⌦ 2 ⌫ ]). 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

2.3.2.11.1. 

In  the  case  of  narrow-track  tractors,  the  requirements  of  point 2.3.2.9  do  not 
apply to the zone situated below a plane inclined at 45° to the rear and transverse to 
the direction of travel, and passing through a point located 230 mm behind the seat 
index  point  (see  Figure  7).  If  there  are  any  dangerous  points  in  this  zone, 
corresponding warnings must be affixed to the tractor. 

2 

OJ L 220, 8.8.1987, p. 1.  

EN 

Figure 7 

30 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
2.3.2.11.2. 

Sections  [II.1  and  II.2]  of  Annex  [I]  to  Council  Directive  [80/720/EEC] 

⌦ 3 ⌫ apply to access to the driver's seat. 

2.3.2.11.3. 

Section  [I.6]  of  Annex  [I]  to  Directive  [80/720/EEC]  applies  to  control 

devices. 

2.3.2.11.4. 

In  front  of  a  reference  plane  which  passes  at  right  angles  to  the  longitudinal 
axis  of  the  vehicle  and  through  the  centre  of  the  load-free  pedal  (clutch  and/or 
service  brake),  very  hot  exhaust  components  must  be  protected  if  located  within 
300 mm in the upper zone (700 mm above ground level) and within 150 mm in the 
lower  zone  (see  Figure  8).  Laterally,  the  area  to  be  protected  is  limited  by  the 
external outline of the tractor and the external outline of the exhaust system. 

Very hot exhaust system components passing beneath the entry step must be covered 
in their vertical projection or otherwise thermally protected. 

2.3.2.12. Layout and marking of flexible hydraulic hoses 

Figure 8 

2.3.2.12.1. 

Flexible  hydraulic  hoses  must  be  arranged  in  such  a  way  as  to  prevent 

mechanical and thermal damage. 

2.3.2.12.2. 

Flexible hydraulic hoses must be clearly identifiable and indelibly marked with 

the following information: 

– 

– 

– 

the flexible hose manufacturer's mark, 

manufacturing date (year and month of manufacture), 

maximum permissible dynamic excess pressure in operation. 

2.3.2.12.3. 

Flexible  hydraulic  hoses  in  the  vicinity of  the  driver's  or  the  passenger's  seat 
must be arranged or protected in such a way that in the event of their failure there can 
be no danger to any person. 

3 OJ L 194, 28.7.1980, p. 1. 

EN 

31 

   EN 

 
 
                                                 
2.3.2.13. Steering and swing axle 

Parts moving in relation to each other or to fixed parts must be protected if they lie 
within the zone defined in points 2.3.2.9 and 2.3.2.10. 

When articulated steering is fitted, there must be indelible and clear markings within 
the  articulation  range  on  both  sides  of  the  tractor,  indicating  by  means  of  an 
illustrative  sign  or  in  words  that  remaining  within  the  unprotected  range  of 
articulation is not permitted. The corresponding indications must be included in the 
operating manual. 

2.3.2.14. Transmission shafts fixed on the tractor 

Transmission shafts (for example, for four-wheel drive) which can only rotate while 
the tractor is in motion, must be protected if they are located within the zone defined 
in points 2.3.2.9 and 2.3.2.10. 

2.3.2.15. Clearance zone around the drive wheels 

2.3.2.15.1. 

The  clearance  zones  of 

the  wheel  guards  must  meet 

the  following 

requirements. 

2.3.2.15.2. 

‘Clearance zone’ means the space which must remain clear around the tyres of 

the drive wheels in relation to the adjacent parts of the vehicle. 

The  clearance  zone  of  the  drive  wheels,  when  fitted  with  largest-size  tyres,  must 
correspond to the dimensions set out in the following Figure 9 and Table 6. 

EN 

Figure 9 

32 

   EN 

 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 
(cid:206)1 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

TABLE 6 

Standard tractors 

Narrow track tractors 

a 

mm 

h 

mm 

(cid:206)1 40  

60 

a 

mm 

15 

h 

mm 

30 

A clearance zone smaller than that illustrated in Figure 9 and Table 6 is permissible 
in  addition  to  the  zones  referred  to  in  points  2.3.2.9  and  2.3.2.10  in  the  case  of 
narrow-track tractors where wheel guards are also used to scrape off earth stuck to 
the wheels. 

(cid:208) 2006/26/EC Art. 4 and 
Annex IV pt. 1(b) 

2.3.2.16 Hot surfaces 

Hot  surfaces  which  can  be  reached  by  the  operator  during  normal  operation  of  the 
tractor shall be covered or insulated. This applies to hot surfaces which are near to 
steps,  handrails,  handholds  and  integral  tractor  parts  used  as  boarding  means  and 
which may be inadvertently touched. 

2.3.2.17 Battery terminal cover 

Non-earthed terminals must be protected against unintentional short-circuiting. 

2.4.  Method of determining the seat index point 

2.4.1.  General 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

The method and device used in defining the index point for any type of upholstered 
seat are described below. 

2.4.2.  Definitions 

Seat index point (SIP): 

Point  situated  in  the  vertical  median  longitudinal  plane  of  the  SIP  locating  device 
represented  in  Figure  10  which  is  placed  on  the  driving  seat  in  accordance  with 
points 2.4.4 and 2.4.6. 

The seat index point is established in relation to the vehicle and does not move as a 
function of the seat adjustments and/or oscillations. 

EN 

33 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
2.4.3.  Device for determining the seat index point (SIP) 

The device for determining the SIP must be as shown in Figure 10. The mass of that 
device is 6 ± 1 kg and its underside must be flat and polished. 

2.4.4. 

Seat setting for determination of index point (SIP) 

Where  a  seat  and  its  suspension  can  be  regulated,  the  seat  is  regulated  as  follows 
before the index point is determined: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

all of the adjustments — back/forth, height and rake — must be in their mid-
position. If this is not the case, the closest adjustment either above or below the 
mid-position should be used; 

adjustable suspension must be adjusted in such a way that the suspension is at 
mid-travel with the locating device in position and loaded. The suspension may 
be  locked  mechanically  in  that  position  while  the  index  point  (SIP)  is 
determined; 

non-adjustable  suspension  may  be  locked  in  the  vertical  position  that  is 
achieved with the locating device in place and loaded; 

if  the  adjustments  mentioned  above  conflict  with  the  manufacturer's  specific 
instructions,  these  must  be  followed  in  such  a  way  as  to  obtain  the  setting 
recommended for a 75-kg driver. 

NB:  A 75 kg driver offers an approximation of the locating device in position on the 

seat and loaded with a mass of 65 kg. 

2.4.5.  Determination of the three reference axes x′, y′, and z′ for the SIP 

The coordinates must be established as follows: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

location, on one side of the seat mounting, of the attachment hole that is in the 
most rear position; 

if the axis of this hole is parallel to the pivot axis defined on the device, it is 
taken as axis y′, (pointing from left to right in relation to a seated driver — see 
Figure 11); 

if the axis of this hole is parallel to the vertical plane passing through the centre 
line  of  the  seat,  the  straight  line  is  taken  as  axis  y′  which  runs  parallel  to  the 
pivot axis referred to and passes through the point of intersection between the 
supporting plane of the seat and the hole axis referred to above (see Figure 12); 

in  all  other  cases,  axis  y′  is  established  in  accordance  with  the  parameters 
relating to the seat being measured; 

axes x′ and z′ are defined as intersections of the horizontal and vertical planes 
passing through y′ with the vertical plane through the seat centre line. Axes x′ 
and z′ point forwards and upwards (see Figures 11 and 12). 

EN 

34 

   EN 

 
2.4.6.  Method of determining the seat index point (SIP) 

The seat index point (SIP) is determined by using the device shown in Figure 10 and 
by proceeding in the following manner: 

(a) 

(b) 

the seat is covered with a piece of cloth in order to facilitate correct positioning 
of the device; 

the  device  is  positioned  on  the  seat  cushion  (without  additional  mass)  by 
pushing it rearwards against the backrest; 

(c)  masses  are  added  to  bring  the  total  mass  of  the  device  from  6  ±  1  kg  to 
26 ± 1 kg. The centre of vertical force must be 40 mm ahead of the seat index 
point mark on the horizontal part of the device (see Figure 10); 

(d) 

(e) 

(f) 

a  horizontal  force  of  about  100  N  is  applied  twice  to  the  device  on  the  seat 
index point, as set out in figure 10; 

other masses are added to bring the total mass of the device from 26 ± 1 kg to 
65 ± 1 kg. The centre of the vertical force of the masses added must be 40 mm 
ahead  of  the  seat  index  point  mark  on  the  horizontal  part  of  the  device  (see 
Figure 10); 

on  both  sides  of  the  seat  in  two  vertical  planes,  equidistant  from  the  median 
longitudinal  line  of  the  seat,  the  coordinates,  as  defined  in  point  2.4.5,  of  the 
intersections of those planes on the axis of the seat index point marked by the 
device must be measured to ± 1 mm. 

The arithmetical mean values of the measurements taken in the two planes are 
recorded as SIP coordinates; 

(g) 

the conditions resulting from the method of determination, and which diverge 
from the procedure set out in this Annex, or which may be the source of errors 
as regards their results, may be noted, as may their causes. 

EN 

35 

   EN 

 
 
Figure 10 

Device for determining the seat index point (SIP) 

EN 

36 

   EN 

 
 
Figure 11 

Determination of SIP reference axes 

(Axis of attachment hole parallel to the pivot axis of the back/thighs) 

EN 

37 

   EN 

 
 
Figure 12 

Determination of the three reference axes of the SIP 

(Axis of attachment hole parallel to the vertical plane passing through the median line of the 
seat) 

EN 

38 

   EN 

 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Appendix 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TYPE OF TRACTOR WITH REGARD TO THE 
SPEED GOVERNOR AND PROTECTION OF THE DRIVE COMPONENTS, PROJECTIONS AND WHEELS 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ type-
approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their 
systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval No: …………………………  

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

2. 

Component(s) or characteristic(s): 

speed governor (where present) 

protection of the drive units, projection and wheels 

Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer): .……………………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

3. 

Type and where appropriate commercial name of tractor: ..……………………………………………………. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

4. 

Manufacturer’s name and address: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

5. 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative: …………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

6. 

Description of component(s) and/or characteristic(s) mentioned under 1 above: 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Date of submission of tractor for EC type-approval: ……………………………………………………………… 

Technical service conducting the type-approval tests: ………………………………………………………….. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Date of report issued by that service: …………………………………………………………………………….. 

Number of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………............................................... 

EC  type-approval  for  the  speed  governor  and  protection  of  the  drive  components,  projections  and  wheels  is 
granted/refused (1): 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

EN 

39 

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14. 

15. 

Signature: …………………………… 

The following documents, bearing the EC type-approval number indicated above, are attached to this certificate: 

……………………………….. dimensioned drawings; 

……………………………….. drawing or photograph of the relevant parts of the tractor. 

The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request. 

16. 

Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………........................................ 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

____________________

EN 

40 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III A 

WINDSCREEN AND OTHER GLAZING 

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS, DEFINITIONS, APPLICATION FOR 
COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL, COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL, MARKINGS, 
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS, TESTS AND CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

1. 

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 

1.1. 

Agricultural and forestry tractors may be equipped as chosen by their manufacturer 
with: 

1.1.1.  windscreens and glass panes other than windscreens covered by the provisions of this 

Annex; 

1.1.2.  windscreens covered by the requirements for glass panes other than windscreens in 
this Annex, with the exception of the requirements of point 9.1.4.2 of Annex III C to 
this Directive (glass panes with a regular light transmittance of less than 70%). 

1.1.3. 

rigid  plastic  glazing  is  permitted  for  non-windscreen  applications  as  approved  in 
Council Directive 92/22/EEC1 or in UN-ECE Regulation 43, Annex 14. 

(cid:208) 2006/26/EC Art. 4 and 
Annex IV pt. 2 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2. 

DEFINITIONS 

For the purposes of this Directive: 

2.1. 

‘toughened-glass pane’ means a glass pane consisting of a single layer of glass which 
has  been  subjected  to  special  treatment  to  increase  its  mechanical  strength  and 
condition its fragmentations after shattering; 

2.2. 

‘laminated-glass pane’ means a glass pane consisting of two or more layers of glass 
held together by one or more interlayers of plastic material; it may be: 

2.2.1. 

‘ordinary’,  where  none  of  the  layers  of  glass  of  which  it  is  composed  have  been 
treated, or 

1 

OJ L 129, 14.5.1992, p. 11. 

EN 

41 

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2.2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

‘treated’, where at least one of the layers of glass of which it is composed has been 
its 
treated 
specially 
fragmentation after shattering; 

its  mechanical  strength  and 

to  condition 

increase 

to 

‘safety  glazing  coated  with  plastic  material’  means  a  glass  pane  as  defined  in 
point 2.1 or 2.2 with a layer of plastic material on its inner surface; 

‘glass-plastic  safety  glazing’  means  a  pane  of  laminated  glass  having  one  layer  of 
glass  and  one  or  more  layers  of  plastic  material  at  least  one  of  which  acts  as 
interlayer. The plastic layers shall be on the inner face when the glazing is fitted on 
the tractor; 

‘group of windscreens’ means a group comprising windscreens of differing sizes and 
shapes  subjected  to  an  examination  of  their  mechanical  properties,  their  mode  of 
fragmentation and their behaviour in environmental resistance tests; 

2.5.1. 

‘flat windscreen’ means a windscreen exhibiting no nominal curvature resulting in a 
height of segment exceeding 10 mm per linear metre; 

2.5.2. 

‘curved windscreen’ means a windscreen exhibiting nominal curvature resulting in a 
height of segment exceeding 10 mm per linear metre; 

2.6. 

2.7. 

2.7.1. 

2.7.2. 

2.8. 

2.9. 

‘double window’ means a set of two panes installed separately in the same opening 
on the tractor; 

‘double glazing’ means a unit composed of two panes permanently assembled in the 
factory and separated by a uniform gap; 

‘symmetrical  double  glazing’  means  double  glazing  in  which  the  two  constituent 
panes are of the same type (toughened or laminated glass, etc.), and exhibit identical 
principal and secondary characteristics; 

‘asymmetrical  double  glazing’  means  double  glazing  in  which  the  two  constituent 
panes are of a different type (toughened or laminated glass, etc.) or exhibit different 
principal and/or secondary characteristics; 

‘principal  characteristic’  means  a  characteristic  which  appreciably  modifies  the 
optical  and/or  mechanical  properties  of  a  pane  of  glass  in  a  way  not  without 
significance to the function which the glass pane is to perform in a tractor. This term 
also covers the trade name or mark; 

‘secondary  characteristic’  means  a  characteristic  capable  of  modifying  the  optical 
and/or mechanical properties of a pane of glass in a way which is of significance to 
the function which the glass pane is intended to perform in a tractor. The extent of 
such modification is assessed in relation to the indices of difficulty; 

2.10. 

‘indices  of  difficulty’  covers  a  two-stage  grading  system  applying  to  the  variations 
observed  in  practice  in  each  secondary  characteristic.  A  change  from  index  ‘1’  to 
index “2” indicates the need for additional tests; 

2.11. 

‘developed area of a windscreen’ means the minimum rectangular area of glass from 
which a windscreen can be manufactured; 

EN 

42 

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2.12. 

‘rake angle of a windscreen’ means the angle included between a vertical line and a 
straight line passing through the top and bottom extremities of the windscreen, both 
lines lying in a vertical plane along the longitudinal axis of the tractor. 

2.12.1.  Measurement of the rake angle is performed on an unladen tractor standing on level 

ground. 

2.12.2.  Tractors equipped with hydropneumatic, hydraulic or pneumatic suspension or with a 
device for automatic adjustment of ground clearance according to load are tested in 
the normal running conditions specified by the manufacturer; 

2.13. 

2.14. 

‘height  of  segment,  h’  means  the  maximum  distance,  measured  at  right  angles 
approximately to the glass pane, separating the inner surface of the pane from a pane 
passing through the ends of the pane, (see Annex III N, Figure 1); 

‘type of glass pane’ means a glass pane, as defined in points 2.1 to 2.4, not exhibiting 
any  essential  differences  in  respect,  in  particular,  of  the  principal  and  secondary 
characteristics mentioned in Annexes III D to III L. 

2.14.1.  Although a change in the principal characteristics implies that the product is of a new 
type, it is recognised that in certain cases a change in shape and dimension does not 
necessarily require a complete set of tests to be carried out. For certain of the tests 
prescribed  in  the  individual  Annexes,  glass  panes  may  be  grouped  together  if  it  is 
evident that they have similar principal characteristics. 

2.14.2.  Glass  panes  exhibiting  differences  only  as  regards  their  secondary  characteristics 
may be deemed to be of the same type; certain tests may, however, be carried out on 
samples of such panes if the performance of those tests is explicitly stipulated in the 
test conditions; 

2.15. 

‘curvature,  r’  means  the  approximate  value  of  the  smallest  radius  of  arc  of  the 
windscreen as measured in the area of maximum curvature. 

3. 

APPLICATION FOR COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL 

3.1. 

The  application  for  EC  component  type-approval  for  a  type  of  glass  pane  is 
submitted  by  the  manufacturer  of  the  safety-glass  pane  or  by  his  duly  accredited 
representative  for  each  type  of  safety  glass.  The  application  may  be  made  in  one 
Member State only. 

3.2. 

For each type of safety glass, the application is accompanied by the undermentioned 
documents in triplicate and by the following particulars: 

3.2.1. 

a technical description comprising all principal and secondary characteristics; and, 

3.2.1.1.  in the case of glazing other than windscreens, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 

or folded to that format, showing: 

– 

– 

the maximum area, 

the smallest angle between two adjacent sides of the glass pane, and 

EN 

43 

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– 

the maximum height of segment, if any; 

3.2.1.2.  In the case of windscreens: 

3.2.1.2.1. 

a  list  of  the  models  of  windscreen  for  which  component  type-approval  is 

sought, giving the name of the tractor manufacturers and the type(s) of tractor; 

3.2.1.2.2. 

drawings on a scale 1:10 and diagrams of the windscreens and their installation 

in the tractor in sufficient detail to show: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

3.2.1.2.2.1. 

the position of the windscreen relative to the R point as defined in point [1.2] 

of the Annex ‘Field of vision’ to [Council] Directive [74/347/EEC ⌦ 2 ⌫]; 

3.2.1.2.2.2. 

the rake angle of the windscreen; 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

3.2.1.2.2.3. 

the position and size of the zone in which the optical qualities are verified and, 

where appropriate, the area subjected to differential toughening; 

3.2.1.2.2.4. 

the developed area of the windscreen; 

3.2.1.2.2.5. 

the maximum height of segment of the windscreen; and 

3.2.1.2.2.6. 

the curvature of the windscreen (for windscreen-grouping purposes only); 

3.2.1.3.  in the case of double glazing, drawings in a format not exceeding A4 or folded to that 
format, showing, in addition to the information referred to in point 3.2.1.1: 

– 

– 

– 

the type of each constituent glass pane, 

the type of bonding (organic, glass-glass or glass-metal), 

the nominal thickness of the gap between the two glass panes. 

3.3 

3.4. 

In addition, the applicant must submit a sufficient number of test pieces and samples 
of the finished glass panes of the models considered, the number being if necessary 
determined by agreement with the technical service for conducting the tests. 

The  competent  authority  must  verify  the  existence  of  satisfactory  arrangements  for 
ensuring  effective  control  of  conformity  of  production  before  component  type-
approval is granted. 

2 

OJ L 191, 15.7.1974, p. 5. 

EN 

44 

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4. 

MARKINGS 

4.1. 

Every  safety-glass  pane,  including  the  samples  and  test-pieces  submitted  for 
component  type-approval,  must  bear  the  trade  name  or  mark  of  the  manufacturer. 
The marking must be clearly legible and indelible. 

5. 

COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL 

5.1. 

If  the  samples  submitted  for  component  type-approval  meet  the  requirements  of 
points 5 to 7 below, approval of the pertinent type of safety-glass pane is granted. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

5.2. 

A  component  type-approval  number  is  assigned  to  each  type  as  defined  in 
Annexes III E, III G, III K and III L, or, in the case of windscreens, to each group 
approved.  Its  first  two  digits  (at  present  00  for  Directive ⌦ 89/173/EEC ⌫  in  its 
original form) indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major 
technical  amendments  made  to  ⌦ Directive  89/173/EEC  as  replaced  by ⌫  this 
Directive  at  the  time  of  issue  of  the  approval.  A  Member  State  may  not  assign  the 
same number to another type or group of safety-glass panes. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

5.3. 

5.3.1. 

5.4. 

Component  type-approval  or  extension  or  refusal  of  approval  for  a  type  of  safety-
glass  pane  pursuant  to  this  Directive  is  communicated  to  the  Member  States  by 
means of a notice prepared in accordance with the model set out in Annex III B to 
this Directive and its Appendices. 

In  the  case  of  windscreens,  the  EC  component  type-approval  notice  must  be 
accompanied by a document listing every windscreen model in the approved group, 
together  with  the  characteristics  of  the  group,  in  accordance  with  Appendix  8  to 
Annex III B. 

In  addition  to  the  marking  specified  in  point  4.1,  an  EC  component  type-approval 
mark  must  be  affixed  conspicuously  to  all  safety-glass  panes,  and  double-glazed 
units  conforming  to  a  type  approved  under  this  Directive.  Any  special  component 
type-approval  mark  assigned  to  each  pane  of  a  double-glazed  unit  may  also  be 
affixed. 

EN 

45 

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This component type-approval mark consists of: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 
(cid:206)1 1994 Act of Accession Art. 29 
and Annex I, p. 207 
(cid:206)2 2003 Act of Accession Art. 20 
and Annex II, p. 62 
(cid:206)3 2006/96/EC Art. 1 and Annex, 
pt. A.31 

5.4.1. 

a  rectangle  surrounding  the  lower-case  letter  ‘e’  followed  by  the  distinguishing 
number of the country which has granted the approval3; 

5.4.2. 

the  component  type-approval  number  to  the  right  of  the  rectangle  prescribed  in 
point 5.4.1. 

5.5. 

The following additional symbols are affixed near the above EC type-approval mark: 

5.5.1. 

in the case of a windscreen: 

I: 

for toughened glass (I/P if faced)4, 

II: 

for ordinary laminated glass (II/P if faced)5, 

III: 

for treated laminated glass (III/P if faced)6, 

IV: 

for glass-plastic glazing; 

5.5.2.  V: 

in the case of a glass pane other than a windscreen covered by the provisions of 
point 9.1.4.2 of Annex III C; 

5.5.3.  VI: 

in the case of a double-glazed unit; 

5.5.4.  T: 

in the case of windscreens which comply with the requirements for glass panes 
other  than  windscreens,  except  those  coming  under  the  provisions  of 
point 9.1.4.2 of Annex III C (glass panes with a regular light transmittance of 
less  than  70  %).  However,  in  the  case  of  windscreens  complying  with  the 
requirements for glass panes other than windscreens, the symbol “T” may only 
be marked after the head-form test defined in point 3.3.2 of Annex III G , the 
height of drop being 4,0 m + 25/ − 0 mm. 

3 

4 
5 
6 

1  for  Germany,  2 for  France,  3  for  Italy, 4 for  the Netherlands, (cid:206)1 5 for  Sweden,  6  for  Belgium, 
(cid:206)2 7 for Hungary, 8 for  the  Czech  Republic,   9  for  Spain, 11  for  the  United Kingdom, (cid:206)1 12  for 
Austria,  13 for Luxembourg, (cid:206)1 17 for Finland,  18 for Denmark, (cid:206)3 19 for Romania,  (cid:206)2 20 
for Poland,  21 for Portugal, 23 for Greece, 24 for Ireland, (cid:206)2 26 for Slovenia, 27 for Slovakia, 29 
for Estonia, 32 for Latvia,  (cid:206)3 34 for Bulgaria,  (cid:206)2 36 for Lithuania, 49 for Cyprus and 50 for 
Malta,  . 
As defined in point 2.3. 
As defined in point 2.3. 
As defined in point 2.3. 

EN 

46 

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5.6. 

The EC component type-approval mark and the symbol must be clearly legible and 
indelible. 

5.7. 

The Appendix to this Annex gives examples of component type-approval marks. 

6. 

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 

6.1. 

6.2. 

All glass panes, and particularly those intended for the manufacture of windscreens, 
must be of sufficient quality to reduce the risk of bodily injury as far as possible in 
the  event  of  the  glass  shattering.  The  glass  must  be  sufficiently  resistant  to  the 
incidents  likely  to  occur  in  normal  traffic,  and  to  atmospheric  and  temperature 
conditions, chemical action, combustion and abrasion. 

Safety  glass  must  in  addition  be  sufficiently  transparent,  must  not  cause  any 
noticeable distortions of objects as seen through the windscreen, and must not give 
rise  to  any  confusion  between  the  colours  used  in  road-traffic  signs  and  signals.  In 
the  event  of  the  windscreen  shattering,  the  driver  must  still  be  able  to  see  the  road 
clearly enough to be able to brake and stop his tractor safely. 

7. 

PARTICULAR REQUIREMENTS 

All  types  of  safety  glass  must,  depending  on  the  category  to  which  they  belong, 
comply with the following particular requirements: 

7.1. 

as regards toughened-glass windscreens, the requirements contained in Annex III D; 

7.2. 

7.3. 

7.4. 

7.5. 

7.6. 

as regards uniformly toughened glass panes other than windscreens, the requirements 
contained in Annex III E; 

as  regards  ordinary  laminated-glass  windscreens,  the  requirements  contained  in 
Annex III F; 

as regards ordinary laminated-glass panes other than windscreens, the requirements 
contained in Annex III G; 

as  regards  treated  laminated-glass  windscreens,  the  requirements  contained  in 
Annex III H; 

as regards safety-glass panes faced with plastic material, in addition to the relevant 
requirements listed above, the requirements contained in Annex III I; 

7.7. 

as regards glass-plastic windscreens, the requirements contained in Annex III J; 

7.8. 

as regards glass-plastic panes other than windscreens, the requirements contained in 
Annex III K; 

7.9. 

as regards double-glazed units, the requirements contained in Annex III L. 

EN 

47 

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8. 

TESTS 

8.1. 

The following tests are prescribed: 

8.1.1.  Fragmentation 

The purpose of this test is: 

8.1.1.1.  to verify  that  the  fragments and splinters  produced by  fracture of the  pane of glass 

are such as to minimise the risk of injury, and 

8.1.1.2.  in the case of windscreens, to check residual visibility after shattering. 

8.1.2.  Mechanical strength 

8.1.2.1.  Ball-impact test 

This test takes two forms, one using a 227 g ball and the other a 2 260 g ball. 

8.1.2.1.1. 227-g-ball test: the purpose of this test is to assess the adhesion of the interlayer in 
laminated glass and the mechanical strength of uniformly toughened glass. 

8.1.2.1.2. 2 260-g-ball test: the purpose of this test is to assess the ball-penetration resistance 

of laminated glass. 

8.1.2.2.  Headform test 

The  purpose  of  this  test  is  to  verify  the  glass  pane's  compliance  with  requirements 
relating  to  the  limitation  of  injury  in  the  event  of  impact  of  the  head  against  the 
windscreen, laminated glass or glass-plastic panes other than windscreens, and also 
double-glazed units used as side windows. 

8.1.3.  Resistance to the environment 

8.1.3.1.  Abrasion test 

The purpose of this test is to determine whether the resistance of a safety-glass pane 
to abrasion exceeds a specified value. 

8.1.3.2.  High-temperature test 

The  purpose  of  this  test  is  to  verify  that  no  bubbles  or  other  defects  occur  in  the 
interlayer in a laminated glass or glass-plastic pane when the latter is exposed to high 
temperatures over an extended period of time. 

8.1.3.3.  Resistance-to-radiation test 

The purpose of this test is to determine whether the light transmittance of laminated-
glass,  glass-plastic  or  plastic-coated  glass  panes  exposed  to  radiation  over  an 
extended  period  of  time  is  significantly  reduced  thereby  or  whether  the  glazing  is 
significantly discoloured. 

EN 

48 

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8.1.3.4.  Resistance-to-humidity test 

The  purpose  of  this  test  is  to  determine  whether  a  laminated-glass,  glass-plastic  or 
plastic-coated glass pane will withstand, without significant deterioration, the effects 
of prolonged exposure to atmosphere humidity. 

8.1.3.5.  Resistance to temperature change 

The purpose of this test is to determine whether the plastic material(s) used in safety 
glazing  as  defined  in  points  2.3  and  2.4  will  withstand,  without  significant 
deterioration, the effects of prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures. 

8.1.4.  Optical qualities 

8.1.4.1.  Light-transmission test 

The purpose of this test is to determine whether the regular transmittance of safety-
glass panes exceeds a specified value. 

8.1.4.2.  Optical-distortion test 

The purpose of this test is to verify that the distortion of objects as seen through the 
windscreen is not such as to be likely to confuse the driver. 

8.1.4.3.  Secondary-image-separation test 

The  purpose  of  this  test  is  to  verify  that  the  angular  separation  of  the  secondary 
image from the primary image does not exceed a specified value. 

8.1.4.4.  Identification-of-colours test 

The purpose of this test is to verify that there  is  no  risk  of  confusion  of  colours  as 
seen through a windscreen. 

8.1.5.  Fire-resistance test 

The  purpose  of  this  test  is  to  verify  that  the  inner  face  of  a  safety-glass  pane  as 
defined in points 2.3 and 2.4 has a sufficiently low burn rate. 

8.1.6.  Resistance to chemical agents 

The purpose of this test is to determine that the inner face of a safety-glass pane as 
defined  in  points  2.3  and  2.4  will  withstand  the  effects  of  exposure  to  chemicals 
likely  to  be  present  or  used  within  the  tractor  (e.g.  cleaning  compounds)  without 
deterioration. 

EN 

49 

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8.2. 

Tests prescribed for glass panes of the categories defined in points 2.1 to 2.4 

8.2.1.  Safety-glass panes are subject to the tests listed in the following table: 

WINDSCREENS 

GLASS PANES OTHER 
THAN WINDSCREENS 

Toughened glass 

Ordinary lami-
nated glass 

Treated laminated 
glass 

Glass-
plastic 

Toughened 
glass 

Lami-
nated 
glass 

Glass-
plastic 

I 

I/P 

Fragmentation 

D/2 

D/2 

Mechanical strength: 

– 

– 

227 g ball 

2 260 g ball 

— 

— 

— 

— 

II 

— 

II/P 

III 

III/P 

— 

H/4 

H/4 

IV 

— 

E/2 

— 

— 

F/4.3. 

F/4.3. 

F/4.3. 

F/4.3. 

F/4.3. 

E/3.1. 

G/4 

G/4 

Headform test (1) 

D/3 

D/3 

F/3 

F/3 

F/3 

F/3 

J/3 

F/4.2. 

F/4.2. 

F/4.2. 

F/4.2. 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

G/3 (3)  K/3 (3)

Abrasion: 

– 

– 

outer face 

inner face 

High temperature 

Radiation 

Humidity 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

I/2 

— 

C/6 

C/7 

F/5.1. 

F/5.1. 

F/5.1. 

F/5.1. 

F/5.1. 

— 

F/5.1. 

F/5.1. 

— 

C/5 

C/6 

C/7 

I/2 

C/5 

C/6 

C/7 

— 

C/5 

C/6 

C/7 

I/2 

I/2 

I/2 (2) 

I/2 (2) 

C/5 

C/5 

C/6 

C/6 

— 

— 

C/7 

C/7 

C/7 (2) 

C/5 

C/6 

C/7 

I/2 

C/5 

C/6 

C/7 

Light transmission 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

C/9.1. 

Optical distortion 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

C/9.2. 

Secondary image 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

C/9.3. 

Identification of colours 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

C/9.4. 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Resistance to temperature 
changes 

— 

C/8 

— 

C/8 

— 

C/8 

C/8 

C/8 (2) 

C/8 (2) 

C/8 

Fire resistance 

Resistance to chemicals 

— 

— 

C/10 

C/11 

— 

— 

C/10 

C/11 

— 

— 

C/10 

C/10 

C/10 (2) 

C/10 (2) 

C/10 

C/11 

C/11 

C/11 (2) 

C/11 (2) 

C/11 

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 

NB: 

Furthermore this test must be carried out on double-glazed units pursuant to point 3 of Annex III L. 
If coated on the inner side with plastic material. 
This list must be performed with a drop of 4 m + 25/ − 0 mm instead of 1,5 m + 25/ − 0 mm when the panes are used as tractor 
windscreens. 
A reference such as K/3 in the table indicates Annex III K and point 3 of that Annex, where the relevant test is described and 
the acceptance requirements specified. 

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8.2.2.  A  safety-glass  pane  is  granted  component  type-approval  if  it  meets  all  the 

requirements prescribed in the relevant provisions referred to in the above table. 

9. 

9.1. 

MODIFICATION  OR  EXTENSION  OF  APPROVAL  FOR  A  TYPE  OF 
SAFETY-GLASS PANE 

All  modifications  to  a  type  of  safety-glass  pane,  or,  in  the  case  of  windscreens,  all 
additions  of  windscreens  to  a  group,  must  be  notified  to  the  administrative 
department which approved the type of safety-glass pane. The department may then 
either: 

9.1.1. 

consider  that  the  modifications  made  are  unlikely  to  have  an  appreciable  adverse 
effect and, in the case of windscreens, that the new type comes within the approved 
group of windscreens, and that at all events the safety-glass pane still complies with 
the requirements, or 

9.1.2. 

require a further test report from the technical service responsible for conducting the 
tests. 

9.2. 

Communication 

9.2.1.  Confirmation, refusal or extension of component type-approval are communicated to 
the Member States in accordance with the procedure specified in point 5.3. 

9.2.2.  The competent authority which has granted an extension of component type-approval 
must place a serial number on each communication relating to the extension. 

10. 

CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

10.1. 

Safety glazing granted type-approval under this and the following Annexes must be 
so manufactured as to conform to the approved type and meet the requirements set 
out in points 6, 7 and 8. 

10.2. 

To verify that the requirements of point 10.1 have been met, constant checks must be 
carried out on production. 

10.3. 

The holder of the component type-approval must in particular: 

10.3.1.  ensure that procedures exist for controlling the quality of the product, 

10.3.2.  have  access  to  the  equipment  necessary  for  checking  conformity  to  each  approved 

type, 

10.3.3.  record data of test results and make the ancillary documents7 available for a period to 

be determined in agreement with the administrative department, 

7 

Fragmentation test results must be recorded even if not photographic print is required. 

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10.3.4.  analyse the results of each type of test to verify and ensure consistency of the product 
characteristics, allowing for the permissible variations in industrial production, 

10.3.5.  ensure that, for each type of product, at least the tests prescribed in Annex III O are 

carried out, and 

10.3.6.  ensure that where any samples or test-pieces show non-conformity with the type of 

test concerned, further samples are taken and tested. 

All  necessary  steps  must  be  taken  to  re-establish  conformity  in  the  production 
concerned. 

10.4. 

The competent authority may at any time verify the methods for checking conformity 
applicable to each production unit (see point 1.3 of Annex III O). 

10.4.1.  At  every  inspection,  the  test  data  and  production  records  must  be  presented  to  the 

inspector. 

10.4.2.  The  inspector  may  take  samples  at  random  to  be  tested  in  the  manufacturer's 
laboratory. The minimum number of samples may be determined in the light of the 
results of the manufacturer's own checks. 

10.4.3.  Where  the  quality  standard  appears  unsatisfactory  or  where  it  appears  necessary  to 
verify the validity of the tests carried out under point 10.4.2, the inspector may select 
samples  to  be  sent  to  the  technical  service  which  conducted  the  component  type-
approval test. 

10.4.4.  The competent authority may carry out any test prescribed in this Directive. 

10.4.5.  The  normal  frequency  of  inspection  is  two  per  year.  If  unsatisfactory  results  are 
found during any of  these  inspections, the competent authority must ensure that all 
necessary steps are taken to re-establish the conformity of production as quickly as 
possible. 

11. 

PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

11.1.  Component type-approval granted in respect of a type of safety-glass pane pursuant 
to this Directive may be withdrawn if the requirement laid down in point 10.1 is not 
complied with. 

11.2. 

If a Member State withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it must forthwith 
notify the other Member States thereof by means of a copy of the component type-
approval  certificate  with  ‘COMPONENT  TYPE-APPROVAL  WITHDRAWN’ 
added in large letters at the bottom of the certificate, and signed and dated. 

12. 

PRODUCTION DEFINITELY DISCONTINUED 

If the holder of component type-approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of 
safety-glass pane approved in accordance with this Directive, he must inform thereof 
the authority which granted the approval. That authority must in turn notify the other 

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Member  States  thereof,  by  means  of  a  copy  of  the  compound  type-approval  notice 
conforming to the model shown in Annex III B. 

13. 

NAMES  AND  ADDRESSES  OF  THE  TECHNICAL 
SERVICES 
RESPONSIBLE  FOR  CONDUCTING  COMPONENT  TYPE-APPROVAL 
TESTS  AND  OF  THE  ADMINISTRATIVE  DEPARTMENTS  GRANTING 
SUCH APPROVAL 

Each  Member  State  must  communicate  to  the  other  Member  States  and  the 
Commission  the  names  and  addresses  of  the  technical  services  responsible  for 
conducting  component  type-approval  tests  and  of  the  administrative  departments 
granting  EC  component  type-approval,  to  which  the  component  type-approval 
certificate  and  certificates  indicating  refusal  or  withdrawal  of  component  type-
approval issued in the other Member States are to be sent. 

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Appendix 

EXAMPLES OF COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL MARKS 

(See point 5.5 of Annex III A) 

Toughened-glass windscreens: 

The above component type-approval mark, affixed to a toughened-glass windscreen, 
shows that  the component concerned was  approved in France (e 2) pursuant to this 
Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

Toughened-glass windscreens faced with plastic material: 

The above  component type-approval mark affixed to a toughened-glass windscreen 
faced  with  plastic  material  shows  that  the  component  concerned  was  approved  in 
France 
type-approval 
number 001247. 

this  Directive  under  component 

(e 2)  pursuant 

to 

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Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  an  ordinary  laminated-glass 
windscreen  shows  that  the  component  concerned  was  approved  in  France  (e 2) 
pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens faced with plastic material: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  an  ordinary  laminated-glass 
windscreen  faced  with  plastic  material  shows  that  the  component  concerned  was 
approved in France (e 2) pursuant to this Directive  under  component type-approval 
number 001247. 

Treated laminated-glass windscreens: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  a  treated  laminated-glass 
windscreen  shows  that  the  component  concerned  was  approved  in  France  (e 2) 
pursuant to this Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

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Glass-plastic windscreens: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  a  glass-plastic  windscreen 
shows  that the  component concerned was  approved in France (e 2) pursuant to this 
Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

Glass panes other than windscreens having a regular light transmittance of less 
than 70%: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  a  glass  pane  other  than  a 
windscreen  to  which  the  requirements  of  Annex  III  C  point  9.1.4.2.,  are  applicable 
shows  that the  component concerned  was  approved in France (e 2) pursuant to this 
Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

Double-glazed units having a regular light transmittance of less than 70%: 

The above component type-approval mark affixed to a double-glazed unit shows that 
the  component  concerned  was  approved  in  France  (e 2)  pursuant  to  this  Directive 
under component type-approval number 001247. 

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Glass panes other than windscreens to be used as windscreens for tractors: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  a  glass  pane  shows  that  the 
component concerned intended to be used as a windscreen on a tractor was approved 
in  France  (e 2)  pursuant  to  this  Directive  under  component  type-approval 
number 001247. 

Glass  panes  other  than  windscreens  having  a  regular  light  transmittance  of 
70% more: 

The  above  component  type-approval  mark  affixed  to  a  glass  pane  other  than  a 
windscreen to which the requirements of point 9.1.4.1 of Annex III C are applicable 
shows  that the  component concerned was  approved in France (e 2) pursuant to this 
Directive under component type-approval number 001247. 

_________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

ANNEX III B 

Name of administration 

Communication on  

(Maximum format: A4 (210 x 297 mm))  

– 

– 

– 

– 

EC component type-approval, 

refusal of component type-approval, 

extension of component type-approval, 

withdrawal of component type-approval (1) 

for a type of safety-glass pane pursuant to Directive […/…/EC] 

EC component type-approval No: ………………………… Extension No: …………………………………………….. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

Category of safety-glass pane: …………………………………………………………………………………… 

Description  of  glass  pane  (see  Appendices  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7(1))  and,  in  the  case  of  windscreens,  the  list 
conforming with Appendix 8 …………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..  

Trade name or mark: ..……………………………………………………………………………………………… 

Manufacturer’s name and address: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

5. 

Name and address of manufacturer’s representative where applicable: …………………………………………... 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Submitted for component type-approval on: ……………………………………………………………………… 

Technical service responsible for conducting component type-approval tests: …………………………………….. 

Date of test report: ………………………………………………………………………………………………..  

Number of test report: …………………………………………….......................................................................... 

Component type-approval granted/refused/extended/withdrawn (1): ……………………………………………... 

Grounds for extending type-approval: ………………………………………………………………………….. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

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12. 

Remarks: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………........... 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

A list is attached of the documents comprising the component type-approval file lodged with the administrative 
department granting the approval; these documents are available on request. 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete as inapplicable. 

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Appendix 1 

TOUGHENED-GLASS WINDSCREENS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III D or III I) 

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Appendix 2 

UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED-GLASS PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III E or III I) 

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Appendix 3 

LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREENS 

(ordinary, treated or plastic-coated) 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III F, III H or III I) 

Nature of the material (plate, float, sheet glass): 

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Appendix 4 

LAMINATED-GLASS PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III G or III I) 

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Appendix 5 

GLASS-PLASTIC WINDSCREENS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III J) 

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Appendix 6 

GLASS-PLASTIC PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III K) 

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Appendix 7 

DOUBLE-GLAZED UNITS 

(Principal and secondary characteristics as defined in Annex III L) 

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Appendix 8 

CONTENTS OF THE LIST OF WINDSCREENS8 

__________________ 

8 

This list must be attached to Appendices 1, 2 (if applicable), 3 and 5 to this Annex. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III C  

GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS 

1. 

1.1 

FRAGMENTATION TESTS 

The  pane  of  glass  to  be  tested  must  not  be  rigidly  secured;  it  may  however  be 
fastened on an identical glass pane by means of adhesive tape applied all round the 
edge. 

1.2. 

To  obtain  fragmentation,  a  hammer  of  about  75  g  or  some  other  appliance  giving 
equivalent results is used. The radius of curvature of the point is 0,2 ± 0,05 mm. 

1.3. 

One test must be carried out at each prescribed point of impact. 

1.4. 

An  examination  must  be  made  of  the  fragments  on  photographic  contact  paper, 
exposure commencing not more than 10 seconds and terminating not more than three 
minutes  after  impact.  Only  the  darkest  lines,  representing  the  initial  fracture,  are 
taken into consideration. The laboratory must keep photographic reproductions of the 
fragmentation obtained. 

2. 

BALL-IMPACT TESTS 

2.1. 

227-g-ball test 

2.1.1.  Apparatus 

2.1.1.1.  Hardened-steel  ball  with  a  mass  of  227  ±  2  g  and  a  diameter  of  approximately 

38 mm. 

2.1.1.2.  Device  for  dropping  the  ball  freely  from  a  height  to  be  specified,  or  a  device  for 
giving the ball a velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. When a device 
to  project  the  ball  is  used,  the  tolerance  on  velocity  must  be  ±  1%  of  the  velocity 
equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. 

2.1.1.3.  Supporting fixture, such as that shown in Figure 1, composed of steel frames, with 
machined  borders  15  mm  wide,  fitting  one  over  the  other  and  faced  with  rubber 
gaskets about 3 mm thick and 15 mm wide and of hardness 50 IRHD. 

The lower frame rests on a steel box  about  150  mm  high.  The  test-piece  is  held  in 
place by the upper frame, the mass of which is about 3 kg. The supporting frame is 
welded  on  to  a  sheet  of  steel  about  12  mm  thick  resting  on  the  floor  with  an 
interposed sheet of rubber about 3 mm thick and of hardness 50 IRHD. 

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Figure 1 

Support for ball tests 

2.1.2.  Test conditions 

– 

– 

– 

Temperature: 20 ± 5 °C. 

Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar. 

Relative humidity: 60 ± 20 %. 

2.1.3.  Test piece 

The test piece must be a flat square of side 300 + 10/− 0 mm. 

2.1.4.  Procedure 

Condition  the  test  piece  at  the  specified  temperature  for  at  least  four  hours 
immediately preceding the test. 

Place  the  test  piece  in  the  fixture  (2.1.1.3).  The  plane  of  the  test  piece  must  be 
perpendicular, within 3°, to the incident direction of the ball. 

The point of impact must be within 25 mm of the geometric centre of the test piece 
for a drop height of 6 m or less, and within 50 mm of the centre of the test piece for a 
drop height greater than 6 m. The ball must strike that face of the test piece which 
represents  the  outside  face  of  the  safety-glass  pane  when  mounted  on  the  vehicle. 
The ball is allowed to make only one impact. 

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2.2. 

2 260-g-ball test 

2.2.1.  Apparatus 

2.2.1.1.  Hardened-steel  ball  with  a  mass  of  2 260  ±  20  g  and  a  diameter  of  approximately 

82 mm. 

2.2.1.2.  Device  for  dropping  the  ball  freely  from  a  height  to  be  specified,  or  a  device  for 
giving the ball a velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. When a device 
to  project  the  ball  is  used,  the  tolerance  on  velocity  must  be  ±  1  %  of  the  velocity 
equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. 

2.2.1.3.  The  supporting  fixture  is  as  shown  in  Figure  1  and  identical  with  that  described  in 

point 2.1.1.3. 

2.2.2.  Test conditions 

– 

– 

– 

Temperature: 20 ± 5 °C. 

Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar. 

Relative humidity: 60 ± 20 %. 

2.2.3.  Test piece 

The  test  piece  must  be  a  flat  square  of  side  300  +  10/−  0  mm  or  cut  out  from  the 
flattest part of a windscreen or other curved pane of safety glass. 

Alternatively,  the  whole  windscreen  or  other  curved  pane  of  safety  glass  may  be 
tested. In this case care must be taken to ensure adequate contact between the safety-
glass pane and the support. 

2.2.4.  Procedure 

Condition  the  test  piece  at  the  specified  temperature  for  at  least  four  hours 
immediately preceding the test. 

Place  the  test  piece  in  the  fixture  (2.1.1.3).  The  plane  of  the  test  piece  must  be 
perpendicular, within 3°, to the incident direction of the ball. 

In the case of glass-plastic glazing the test piece is clamped to the support. 

The point of impact must be within 25 mm of the geometric centre of the test piece. 
The ball must strike that face of the test piece which represents the inward face of the 
safety-glass  pane  when  the  latter  is  mounted  on  the  vehicle.  The  ball  is  allowed  to 
make only one impact. 

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3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Apparatus 

3.1.1.  Headform  weight  with  a  spherical  or  semi-spherical  headform  made  of  laminated 
hardwood  covered  with  replaceable  felt  and  with  or  without  a  cross-beam  made  of 
wood. There is a neck-shaped intermediate piece between the spherical part and the 
cross-beam and a mounting rod on the other side of the cross-beam. 

The dimensions are in accordance with Figure 2. 

The total mass of the apparatus is 10 ± 0,2 kg. 

Figure 2 

Headform weight 

3.1.2.  Device  for  dropping  the  headform  weight  freely  from  a  height  to  be  specified,  or 

device for giving the weight a velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. 

When a device to project the headform weight is used, the tolerance on velocity must 
be ± 1 % of the velocity equivalent to that obtained by the free fall. 

EN 

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3.1.3.  Supporting  fixture,  as  shown  in  Figure  3,  for  testing  flat  test  pieces.  The  fixture  is 
composed of two steel frames, with machined borders 50 mm wide, fitting one over 
the other and faced with rubber gaskets about 3 mm thick and 15 ± 1 mm wide and a 
hardness 70 IRHD. 

The upper frame is held pressed against the lower frame by at least eight bolts. 

3.2. 

Test conditions 

3.2.1.  Temperature: 20 ± 5 °C. 

3.2.2.  Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar. 

3.2.3.  Relative humidity: 60 ± 20%. 

Figure 3 

Support for headform tests 

(1) 

The minimum recommended torque for M 20 is 30 Nm. 

3.3. 

Procedure 

3.3.1.  Test on a flat test piece 

The  flat  test  piece,  having  a  length  of  1 100  +  5/−  2  mm  and  a  width  of 
500 + 5/− 2 mm is kept at a constant temperature of 20 ± 5 °C for at least four hours 
immediately  preceding  the  test.  Fix  the  test  piece  in  the  supporting  frames  (3.1.3); 
tighten the bolts so as to ensure that the movement of the test piece during the test 
does  not  exceed  2  mm.  The  plane  of  the  test  piece  must  be  substantially 
perpendicular to the incident direction of the weight. The weight must strike the test 
piece within 40 mm of its geometric centre on that face which represents the inward 

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face  of  the  safety-glass  pane  when  the  latter  is  mounted  on  the  vehicle,  and  be 
allowed to make only one impact. 

The impact surface of the felt cover is to be replaced after 12 tests. 

3.3.2.  Tests on a complete windscreen (used only for a drop height of less than or equal to 

1,5 m) 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Place  the  windscreen  freely  on  a  support  with  an  interposed  strip  of  rubber  of 
hardness  70  IRHD  and  thickness  about  3  mm,  the  width  of  contact  over  the  whole 
perimeter being about 15 mm. The support consists of a rigid piece corresponding to 
the shape of the windscreen so that the headform weight strikes the internal surface. 
If necessary, ⌦ the windscreen is clamped to the support by appropriate means. ⌫ 
The support must rest on a rigid stand with an interposed sheet of rubber of hardness 
70 IRHD and thickness about 3 mm. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

The  surface  of  the  windscreen  must  be  substantially  perpendicular  to  the  incident 
direction of the headform weight. 

The  headform  weight  must  strike  the  windscreen  at  a  point  within  40  mm  of  its 
geometric  centre  on  that  face  which  represents  the  inward  face  of  the  safety  glass 
pane  when  the  latter  is  mounted  on  the  vehicle,  and  be  allowed  to  make  only  one 
impact. 

The impact surface of the felt cover is to be replaced after 12 tests. 

4. 

ABRASION TEST 

4.1. 

Apparatus 

4.1.1.  Abrading instrument9, shown diagrammatically in Figure 4 and consisting of: 

– 

a horizontal turntable, with centre clamp, which revolves counter-clockwise at 
65 to 75 rev/min, and 

9 

A suitable abrading instrument is supplied by Teledyne Taber (United States of America). 

EN 

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Figure 4 

Diagram of abrading instrument 

– 

two  weighted  parallel  arms  each  carrying  a  special  abrasive  wheel  freely 
relating  on  a  ball-bearing  horizontal  spindle;  each  wheel  rests  on  the  test 
specimen under the pressure exerted by a mass of 500 g. 

The  turntable  of  the  abrading  instrument  must  rotate  regularly,  substantially  in  one 
plane (the deviation from this plane must not be greater than ± 0,05 mm at a distance 
of 1,6 mm from turntable periphery). The wheels must be mounted in such a way that 
when they are in contact with the rotating test piece they rotate in opposite directions 
so as to exert, twice during each rotation of the test piece, a compressive and abrasive 
action along curved lines over an annular area of about 30 cm2. 

4.1.2.  Abrasive wheels10, each 45 to 50 mm in diameter and 12,5 mm thick, composed of a 
special  finely  screened  abrasive  embedded  in  a  medium-hard  rubber.  The  wheels 
must have a hardness of 72 ± 5 IRHD, as measured at four points equally spaced on 
the centre line of the abrading surface, the pressure being applied vertically along a 
diameter of the wheel and the readings being taken 10 seconds after full application 
of the pressure. 

The abrasive wheels must be prepared for use by very slow rotation against a sheet of 
flat glass to ensure that their surface is completely even. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

4.1.3.  Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp with its filament contained within a 
parallelepiped  measuring  1,5  mm  ×  1,5  mm  ×  3  mm.  ⌦ The  voltage  at  the  lamp 
filament must be such that the colour temperature is 2 856 K ± 50 K. ⌫ The voltage 
must be stabilised within ± 1/1 000. The instrument used to check the voltage must 
be of appropriate accuracy. 

10 

Suitable abrasive wheels may be obtained from Teledyne Taber (United States of America). 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

4.1.4.  Optical  system  consisting  of  a  lens  with  a  focal  length,  ƒ,  of  at  least  500  mm  and 
corrected  for  chromatic  aberrations.  The  full  aperture  of  the  lens  must  not  exceed 
ƒ/20. The distance between the lens and the light source is adjusted in order to obtain 
a  light  beam  which  is  substantially  parallel.  A  diaphragm  is  inserted  to  limit  the 
diameter of the light beam to 7 mm ± 1 mm. This diaphragm must be situated at a 
distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the lens on the side remote from the light source. 

4.1.5.  Equipment for measuring scattered light (see Figure 5), consisting of a photoelectric 
cell with an integrating sphere 200 to 250 mm in diameter. The sphere is equipped 
with entrance and exit ports for the light. The entrance port must be circular and have 
a  diameter  at  least  twice  that  of  the  light  beam.  The  exit  port  of  the  sphere  is 
provided with either a light trap or a reflectance standard, according to the procedure 
as  described  in  point  4.4.3  below.  The  light  trap  absorbs  all  the  light  when  no  test 
piece is inserted in the light beam. 

The  axis  of  the  light  beam  must  pass  through  the  centre  of  the  entrance  and  exit 
ports. The diameter, b, of the light-exit port must be equal to 2a · tan 4°, where a is 
the diameter of the sphere. The photoelectric cell must be mounted in such a way that 
it  cannot  be  reached  by  light  coming  directly  from  the  entrance  port  or  from  the 
reflectance standard. 

The  surfaces  of  the  interior  of  the  integrating  sphere  and  the  reflectance  standard 
must be of substantially equal reflectance and matt and non-selective. The output of 
the  photoelectric  cell  must  be  linear  within  ±  2%  over  the  range  of  luminous 
intensities used. 

The design of the instrument must be such that there is no galvanometer deflection 
when the sphere is dark. The whole apparatus must be checked at regular intervals by 
means of calibration standards of defined haze. If haze measurements are made using 
equipment  or  methods  differing  from  those  defined  above,  the  results  must  be 
corrected,  if  necessary,  to  bring  them  into  agreement  with  those  obtained  by  the 
apparatus described above. 

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Figure 5 

Hazamenter 

4.2. 

Test conditions 

4.2.1.  Temperature: 20 ± 5 °C. 

4.2.2.  Pressure: 860 to 1 060 mbar. 

4.2.3.  Relative humidity: 60 ± 20%. 

4.3. 

Test pieces 

The  test  pieces  must  be  flat  squares  whose  sides  measure  100  mm  having  both 
surfaces  substantially  plane  and  parallel  and  if  necessary  having  a  fixing  hole 
6,4 + 0,2/− 0 mm in diameter drilled in the centre. 

4.4. 

Procedure 

The abrasion test is carried out on that surface of the test piece which represents the 
outside  face of the safety-glass pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle and 
also on the inward-face in the case of a glass pane with a plastic coating. 

4.4.1. 

Immediately  before  and  after  the  abrasion,  clean  the  test  pieces  in  the  following 
manner: 

(a)  wipe with a linen cloth under clean running water; 

(b) 

rinse with distilled or demineralised water; 

(c) 

blow dry with oxygen or nitrogen; 

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(d) 

remove possible traces of water by dabbing softly with a damp linen cloth. If 
necessary, dry by pressing lightly between two linen cloths. 

Any  treatment  with  ultrasonic  equipment  must  be  avoided.  After  cleaning,  the  test 
pieces  must  be  handled  only  by  their  edges  and  stored  to  prevent  damage  to,  or 
contamination of, their surfaces. 

4.4.2.  Condition  the  test  pieces  for  a  minimum  time  of  48  hours  at  a  temperature  of 

20 ± 5 °C and a relative humidity of 60 ± 20%. 

4.4.3. 

Immediately place the test piece against the entrance port of the integrating sphere. 
The angle between the normal (perpendicular) to the surface of the test piece and the 
axis of the beam must not exceed 8°. 

Take four readings as indicated in the following table: 

Reading  With test 

piece 

With light 
trap 

With 
reflectance 
standard 

Quantity represented 

T1 

T2 

T3 

T4 

No 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

No 

No 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Incident light 

Yes 

No 

No 

Total light transmitted by test 
piece 

Light scattered by instrument 

Light scattered by instrument 
and test piece 

Repeat readings T1, T2, T3 and T4 with other specified positions of the test piece to 
determine uniformity. 

Calculate the total transmittance Tt = T2/T1. 

Calculate the diffuse transmittance Td as follows: 

Td = (T4 − T3(T2/T1))/T1 

Calculate the percentage haze, or light, or both, scattered, as follows: 

(Td/Tt) × 100% 

Measure the initial haze of the test piece at a minimum of four equally spaced points 
in the unabraded area in accordance with the formula above. Average the results for 
each test piece. In lieu of the four measurements, an average value may be obtained 
by rotating the piece uniformly at 3 rev/sec or more. 

For each safety-glass pane, carry out three tests with the same kind. Use the haze as a 
measure  of  the  subsurface  abrasion,  after  the  test  piece  has  been  subjected  to  the 
abrasion test. 

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Measure the light scattered by the abraded track at a minimum of four equally spaced 
points along the track in accordance with the formula above. Average the results for 
each test piece. In lieu of the four measurements, an average value may be obtained 
by rotating the piece uniformly at 3 rev/sec or more. 

4.5 

The abrasion test ⌦ is ⌫ to be carried out only at the discretion of the laboratory 
conducting  the  test  with  due  regard  to  the  information  already  at  its  disposal. 
⌦ Except  for  glass-plastic  materials,  in  the  case  of  changes  in  the  interlayer  or 
material thickness, for example, further testing is normally not necessary. ⌫  

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

4.6. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristics are involved. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

5. 

HIGH-TEMPERATURE TEST 

5.1. 

Procedure 

Heat to 100 °C three test samples or three test pieces of at least 300 mm × 300 mm 
taken  by  the  laboratory  from  three  windscreens  or  three  glass  panes  other  than 
windscreens, as appropriate, one of whose dimensions corresponds to the upper edge 
of the pane. 

Maintain this temperature for a period of two hours, then allow the test sample(s) to 
cool  to  room  temperature.  If  the  safety-glass  pane  has  both  external  surfaces  of 
inorganic  material,  the  test  may  be  carried  out  by  immersing  the  test  sample 
vertically in boiling water for the specified period of time, care being taken to avoid 
undue thermal shock. If specimens are cut from windscreens, one edge of each such 
test specimen shall be part of an edge of the windscreen. 

5.2. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Colouring of the interlayer: 

1 

2 

Colourless 

Tinted 

The other secondary characteristics are not involved. 

5.3. 

Interpretation of results 

5.3.1.  The  test for resistance to high temperature is considered to give a positive result if 
bubbles  or  other  defects  are  not  formed  more  than  15  mm  from  an  uncut  edge  or 
25 mm  from  a  cut  edge  of  the  test  piece  or  sample  or  more  than  10  mm  from  any 
cracks which may occur during the test. 

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5.3.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  or  samples  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are 
considered satisfactory from the point of view of the high-temperature resistance test 
if either of the following conditions is fulfilled: 

5.3.2.1.  all the tests give a satisfactory result, or 

5.3.2.2.  one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a 

new set of test pieces or samples give satisfactory results. 

6. 

RESISTANCE-TO-RADIATION TEST 

6.1. 

Test method 

6.1.1.  Apparatus 

6.1.1.1.  Radiation  source  consisting  of  a  medium-pressure  mercury-vapour  arc  lamp  with  a 
tubular  quartz  bulb  of  ozone-free  type;  the  bulb  axis  is  vertical.  The  nominal 
dimensions of the lamp are 360 mm in length by 9,5 mm in diameter. The arc length 
is 300 ± 4 mm. The lamp must be operated at 750 ± 50 W. 

Any other source of radiation which produces the same effects as the lamp specified 
above  may  be  used.  To  check  that  the  effects  of  another  source  are  the  same,  a 
comparison is made by measuring the amount of energy emitted within a wavelength 
range of 300 to 450 nm, all other wavelengths being removed by the use of suitable 
filters. The alternative source is then used with these filters. 

In  the  case  of  safety-glass  panes  for  which  there  is  no  satisfactory  correlation 
between  this  test  and  the  conditions  of  use  it  will  be  necessary  to  review  the  test 
conditions. 

6.1.1.2.  Power supply transformer and capacitor capable of supplying to the lamp (6.1.1.1) a 

starting peak-voltage of 1 100 V minimum and an operating voltage of 500 ± 50 V. 

6.1.1.3.  Device  for  mounting  and  rotating  the  test  specimens  at  1  to  5  rev/min  about  the 

centrally located radiation source in order to ensure even exposure. 

6.1.2.  Test pieces 

6.1.2.1.  The size of the test pieces is 76 mm × 300 mm. 

6.1.2.2.  The test pieces are cut by the laboratory from the upper part of the panes in such a 

way that: 

– 

– 

in  the  case  of  glass  panes  other  than  windscreens  the  upper  edge  of  the  test 
pieces coincides with the upper edge of the panes, 

in the case of windscreens the upper edge of the test pieces coincides with the 
upper  limit  of  the  zone  in  which  regular  transmittance  is  to  be  checked  and 
determined in accordance with point 9.1.2.2 of this Annex. 

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6.1.3.  Procedure 

Check the regular light transmittance, determined in accordance with points 9.1.1 to 
9.1.2 of this Annex, of three test samples before exposure. Protect a portion of each 
sample from the radiation, and then place the sample in the test apparatus 230 mm 
from  and  parallel  lengthwise  to  the  lamp  axis.  Maintain  the  temperature  of  the 
samples at 45 ± 5 °C throughout the test. That face of each test sample which would 
constitute  a  grazed  exterior  part  of  the  tractor  must  face  the  lamp.  For  the  type  of 
lamp  specified  in  point  6.1.1.1  the  exposure  time  is  100  hours.  After  exposure, 
measure the regular light transmittance again in the exposed area of each sample. 

6.1.4.  Each  test  piece  or  sample  (three  in  total)  is  subjected,  in  accordance  with  the 
procedure above, to radiation such that the radiation on each point of the test piece or 
sample  produces  on  the  interlayer  used  the  same  effect  as  that  which  would  be 
produced by solar radiation of 1 400 W/m2 for 100 hours. 

6.2. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Colouring of glass 

Colouring of interlayer 

The other secondary characteristics are not involved. 

6.3. 

Interpretation of results 

Colourless 

Tinted 

2 

1 

1 

2 

6.3.1.  The  test  for  resistance  to  radiation  is  deemed  to  have  given  a  positive  result  if  the 

following conditions are fulfilled: 

6.3.1.1.  the total light transmittance measured in accordance with points 9.1.1 to 9.1.2 of this 
Annex  does  not  fall  below  95%  of  the  original value before irradiation and, in any 
case does not fall below: 

6.3.1.1.1. 

70%  in  the  case  of  glass  panes  other  than  windscreens  which  must  meet  the 

requirements concerning the driver's field of vision in all directions; 

6.3.1.1.2. 

75% in the case of windscreens, within the zone in which regular transmittance 

is to be checked, as defined in point 9.1.2.2 below. 

6.3.1.2.  The test piece or sample may however show a slight coloration after irradiation when 
examined against a white background, but no other defect may be apparent. 

6.3.2.  A set of test pieces or samples submitted for component type-approval is considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  the  resistance  to  radiation  test  if  one  of  the 
following conditions is fulfilled: 

6.3.2.1.  all tests give a satisfactory result, or 

6.3.2.2.  one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a 

new set of test pieces or samples give satisfactory results. 

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7. 

RESISTANCE-TO-HUMIDITY TEST 

7.1. 

Procedure 

Keep  three  test  samples  or  three  test  pieces  at  least  300  mm  ×  300  mm  square 
vertically for two weeks in a closed container in which the temperature is maintained 
at 50 ± 2 °C and the relative humidity at 95% ± 4%11. 

Test pieces are prepared in such a way that: 

– 

– 

one edge of each test piece is part of an original edge of the windscreen, 

should several test pieces be tested at the same time, adequate spacing must be 
provided between them. 

Precautions  must  be  taken  to  prevent  condensation  from  the  walls  or  ceiling  of  the 
test chamber from falling on the test specimens. 

7.2. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Colouring of interlayer 

1 

2 

Colourless 

Tinted 

The other secondary characteristics are not involved. 

7.3. 

Interpretation of results 

7.3.1.  Safety-glass panes are deemed to be satisfactory from the point of view of resistance 
to  humidity  if  no  significant  change  is  observed  more  than  10  mm  from  the  uncut 
edges or more than 15 mm from the cut edges, following a stay of two hours in the 
ambient atmosphere by ordinary and treated laminated glass, and of 48 hours in the 
ambient atmosphere by plastic-coated glass panes and plastic glazing. 

7.3.2.  A set of test pieces or samples submitted for component type-approval is considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  the  resistance  to  humidity  test  if  one  of  the 
following conditions is fulfilled: 

7.3.2.1.  all the tests give a satisfactory result; 

7.3.2.2.  one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a 

new set of samples give satisfactory results. 

8. 

TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE 

8.1. 

Test method 

Two 300 × 300 mm test pieces are placed in an enclosed chamber for six hours at a 
temperature of − 40 ± 5 °C; they are then placed in the ambient air at a temperature 

11 

These test conditions exclude any condensation on the test pieces. 

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of  23  ±  2  °C  for  an  hour,  or  until  the  test  piece  has  reached  a  stable  temperature. 
They are then placed in an air flow at a temperature of 72 ± 2 °C for three hours. The 
test  pieces  are  then  examined  after  they  have  been  returned  to  the  ambient  air  at 
23 ± 2 °C and cooled to that temperature. 

8.2. 

Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Colouring of plastic interlayer or coating 

1 

2 

Colourless 

Tinted 

No other secondary characteristics are involved. 

8.3. 

Interpretation of results 

The  test  of  resistance  to  changes  in  temperature  is  considered  to  have  given  a 
positive  result  if  the  test  pieces  display  no  cracking,  opacification,  exfoliation  or 
other obvious deterioration. 

9. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

9.1. 

Light transmission test 

9.1.1.  Apparatus 

9.1.1.1.  Light source consisting of an incandescent lamp having its filament contained within 
a  parallelepiped  measuring  1,5  mm  ×  1,5  mm  ×  3  mm.  The  voltage  at  the  lamp 
filament must be such that the colour temperature is 2 856 K ± 50 K. This voltage is 
stabilised  within  ±  1/1 000.  The  instrument  used  to  check  the  voltage  must  be  of 
appropriate accuracy. 

9.1.1.2.  Optical  system  consisting  of  a  lens  with  a  focal  length  of  at  least  500  mm  and 
corrected  for  chromatic  aberrations.  The  full  aperture  of  the  lens  must  not  exceed 
f/20.  The  distance  between  the  lens  and  the  light  source  must  be  so  adjusted  as  to 
obtain a light beam which is substantially parallel. 

A  diaphragm  is  inserted  to  limit  the  diameter  of  the  light  beam  to  7  ±  1  mm.  This 
diaphragm is situated at a distance of 100 ± 50 mm from the lens on the side remote 
from  the  light  source.  The  point  of  measurement  is  taken  at  the  centre  of  the  light 
beam. 

9.1.1.3.  Measuring  equipment.  The  receiver  must  have  a  relative  spectral  sensitivity  in 
substantial  agreement  with  the  relative  spectral  luminous  efficiency  for  the  ICI12 
standard  photometric  observer  for  photoptic  vision.  The  sensitive  surface  of  the 
receiver is covered with a diffusing medium and must have at least twice the cross-
section  of  the  light  beam  emitted  by  the  optical  system.  If  an  integrating  sphere  is 
used, the aperture of the sphere must have a cross-sectional area at least twice that of 
the parallel portion of the beam. 

12 

International Commission on Illumination. 

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The linearity of the receiver and the associated  indicated instrument  must  be better 
than 2  %  of the effective  part  of  the scale. ⌦ The receiver must be situated at the 
axis of the light beam. ⌫ 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

9.1.2.  Procedure 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

So  adjust  the  instrument  indicating  the  response  of  the  receiver  that  it  indicates 
100 divisions  when  the  safety-glass  pane  is  not  inserted  in  the  light  path.  When  no 
light is falling on the receiver, the instrument must read zero. 

Place  the  safety-glass  pane  at  a  distance  from  the  receiver  equal  to  approximately 
five  times  the  diameter  of  the  receiver.  Insert  the  safety-glass  pane  between  the 
diaphragm and the receiver and adjust its orientation in such a way that the angle of 
incidence of the light beam is equal to 0° ± 5°. The regular transmittance is measured 
on  the  safety-glass  pane,  and  for  every  point  measured  the  number  of  divisions,  n, 
shown on the indicating instrument, are read. The regular transmittance τr is equal to 
n/100. 

9.1.2.1.  In the case of windscreens, alternative test methods may be applied using either a test 
sample cut from the flattest part of a windscreen or a specially prepared flat square 
with  material  and  thickness  characteristics  identical  to  those  of  the  actual 
windscreen, the measurements being taken normal (perpendicular) to the glass pane. 

9.1.2.2.  The test is carried out in the zone I specified in point 9.2.5.2 of this Annex. 

9.1.2.3.  In the case of tractors for which it is not possible to determine zone I ⌦ as defined 
in point 9.2.5.2 ⌫ , the test is carried out in zone I′ as defined in point 9.2.5.3 of this 
Annex. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

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9.1.3. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Colouring of the glass 

Colouring of the interlayer 

(in the case of laminated windscreens) 

Colourless 

Tinted 

1 

1 

2 

2 

not included 

included 

Shade and/or obscuration bands 

1 

2 

The other secondary characteristics are not involved. 

9.1.4. 

Interpretation of results 

9.1.4.1.  The  regular  transmittance  measured  according  to  point  9.1.2  in  the  case  of 
windscreens  must  not  be  less  than  75%,  and  in  the  case  of  windows  other  than 
windscreens not less than 70%. 

9.1.4.2.  In the case of windows situated at points which are not essential to the driver's field 
of vision (glazed roof, for example) the regular transmittance factor of the light from 
the pane may be less than 70%. Windows having a regular light transmittance factor 
of less than 70% must be marked with an appropriate symbol. 

9.2. 

Optical-distortion test 

9.2.1. 

Scope 

The method specified is a projection method which permits evaluation of the optical 
distortion of a safety-glass pane. 

9.2.1.1.  Definitions 

9.2.1.1.1. 

Optical  deviation:  the  angle  between  the  true  and  the  apparent  direction  of  a 
point  viewed  through  the  safety-glass  pane,  the  magnitude  of  the  angle  being  a 
function of the angle of incidence of the line of sight, the thickness and inclination of 
the glass pane, and the radius of curvature at the point of incidence. 

9.2.1.1.2. 

Optical  distortion  in  a  direction  MM′:  the  algebraic  difference  in  angular 
deviation  ∆α  measured  between  two  points  M  and  M′  on  the  surface  of  the  safety-
glass pane, the distance between the two points being such that their projections in a 
plane at right angles to the direction of vision are separated by a given distance ∆x 
(see Figure 6). 

Anti-clockwise  deviation  is  to  be  regarded  as  positive  and  clockwise  deviation  as 
negative. 

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9.2.1.1.3. 

Optical  distortion  at  a  point  M:  the  optical  distortion  maximum  for  all 

directions MM′ from the point M. 

9.2.1.2.  Apparatus 

This  method  entails  the  projection  of  an  appropriate  slide  (raster)  on  to  the  display 
screen through the safety-glass pane being tested. The change caused in the shape of 
the  projected  image  by  the  insertion  of  the  safety-glass  pane  in  the  line  of  light 
provides a measures of the distortion. The apparatus comprises the following items, 
arranged as shown in Figure 9. 

Figure 6 

Diagrammatic representation of optical distortion 

Notes:  ∆α = α1 − α2, 

i.e. the optical distortion in the direction MM′. 

∆x = MC 

i.e. the distance between two straight lines parallel to the 
direction of vision and passing through the points M and 
M′. 

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Figure 7 

Optical arrangement of the projector 

9.2.1.2.1. 

Projector, of good quality, with a high-intensity point light source, having for 

example the following characteristics: 

– 

– 

– 

– 

focal length at least 90 mm, 

aperture approximately 1/2,5, 

150 W quartz halogen lamp (if used without a filter), 

250 W quartz halogen lamp (if a green filter is used). 

Figure 8 

Enlarged section of the slide 

The projector is shown schematically in Figure 7. A diaphragm of 8 mm diameter is 
positioned approximately 10 mm from the front lens. 

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9.2.1.2.2. 

Slides (rasters) consisting, for example, of an array of bright circular shapes on 
a dark background (see Figure 8). The slide must be of sufficiently high quality and 
contrast to enable measurement to be carried out with an error of less than 5 %. In 
the absence of the safety-glass pane to be examined, the dimensions of the circular 
shapes must be such that when the circular shapes are projected they form an array of 
circles of diameter ((R1 + R2)/R1) ∆x where ∆x = 4 mm (see Figures 6 and 9). 

Figure 9 

Arrangement of the apparatus for the optical-distortion test 

9.2.1.2.3. 

Support  stand,  preferably  one  permitting  vertical  and  horizontal  scanning,  as 

well as rotation of the safety-glass pane. 

9.2.1.2.4. 

Checking  template,  for  measuring  changes  in  dimensions  where  a  rapid 

assessment is required. A suitable design is shown in Figure 10. 

Figure 10 

Design for a suitable checking template 

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9.2.1.3.  Procedure 

9.2.1.3.1. 

General 

Mount  the  safety-glass  pane  on  the  support  stand  (9.2.1.2.3)  at  the  designated  rake 
angle. Project the test image through the area being examined. Rotate the safety-glass 
pane or move it either horizontally or vertically in order to examine the whole of the 
specified area. 

9.2.1.3.2. 

Assessment using a checking template 

Where a rapid assessment with a possible margin of error of up to 20 % is sufficient, 
calculate the value of A (see Figure 10) from the limit value ∆αL for the change in 
deviation and the value of R2, the distance from the safety-glass pane to the display 
screen:  

A = 0,145 ∆αL· R2 

The relationship between the change in diameter of the projected image ∆d and the 
change in angular deviation ∆α is given by: 

∆d = 0,29 ∆α · R2 

where: 

∆d 

is expressed in millimetres, 

A 

is expressed in millimetres, 

∆αL 

is expressed in minutes of arc, 

∆α 

is expressed in minutes of arc, and 

R2 

is expressed in metres. 

9.2.1.3.3. 

Measurement using a photoelectric device 

Where a precise measurement with a possible margin of error of less than 10% of the 
limit value is required, measure ∆d on the projection axis, the value of the spot width 
being  taken  at  the  point  where  the  luminance  is  0,5  times  the  maximum  spot 
luminance value. 

9.2.1.4.  Expression of results 

Evaluate the optical distortion of the safety-glass panes by measuring ∆d at any point 
of the surface and in all directions in order to find ∆d max. 

9.2.1.5.  Alternative method 

In  addition,  a  strioscopic  technique  is  permitted  as  an  alternative  to  the  projection 
techniques, provided that the accuracy of the measurements given in points 9.2.1.3.2 
and 9.2.1.3.3 is maintained. 

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9.2.1.6.  The distance ∆x must be 4 mm. 

9.2.1.7.  The windscreen must be mounted at the same rake angle as on the tractor. 

9.2.1.8.  The projection axis in the horizontal plane must be maintained approximately normal 

to the trace of the windscreen in that plane. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

9.2.2.  The measurements are performed in zone I as ⌦ defined ⌫ in point 9.2.5.2 of this 

Annex. 

9.2.2.1.  In the case of tractors for which it is not possible to determine zone I as defined in 
point  9.2.5.2  of  this  Annex,  the  test  is  carried  out  in  zone  I′,  as  defined  in 
point 9.2.5.3 of this Annex. 

9.2.2.2.  Tractor type 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

The test must be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a tractor of a type 
which has a different forward field of vision from that of the tractor type for which 
the windscreen has already been approved. 

9.2.3. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

9.2.3.1.  Nature of the material 

Polished (plate) glass 

Float glass 

Sheet glass 

1 

1 

2 

9.2.3.2.  Other secondary characteristics 

No other secondary characteristics are involved. 

9.2.4.  Number of samples 

Four samples must be submitted for testing. 

9.2.5.  Definition of the zone of vision of tractor windscreens. 

9.2.5.1.  The zone of vision is defined on the basis of: 

9.2.5.1.1. 

the  reference  point  as  defined  in  point  1.2  of  the  Annex  ‘Field  of  vision'  to 

Directive [74/347/EEC ]. This point is designated as O below; 

9.2.5.1.2. 

the  straight  line  OQ  which  is  the  horizontal  straight  line  passing  through  the 

reference point and perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the tractor; 

9.2.5.2.  zone I is the windscreen zone determined by the intersection of the windscreen with 

the four planes defined below: 

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P1 

– 

a vertical plane passing through O and forming an angle of 15° to the left 
of the median longitudinal plane of the tractor, 

P2 

– 

a vertical plane symmetrical to P1 about the median longitudinal plane of 
the tractor. 

If  this  is  not  possible  (in  the  absence  of  a  symmetrical  median 
longitudinal plane, for instance) P2 is the plane symmetrical to P1 about 
the longitudinal plane of the tractor passing through the reference point, 

P3 

– 

a plane passing through the straight line OQ and forming an angle of 10° 
above the horizontal plane, 

P4 

– 

a plane passing through the straight line OQ and forming an angle of 8° 
below the horizontal plane. 

9.2.5.3.  In the case of tractors for which it is not possible to determine zone I, as defined in 

point 9.2.5.2 of this Annex, zone I′ consists of the whole surface of the windscreen. 

9.2.6. 

Interpretation of results 

A type of windscreen is considered satisfactory as regards optical distortion if, in the 
four  samples  submitted  for  testing,  optical  distortion  does  not  exceed  a  maximum 
value of 2′ of an arc in either zone I or zone I′. 

9.2.6.1.  No measurement must be performed within a 100 mm-wide peripheral zone. 

9.2.6.2.  In  the  case  of  divided  windscreens,  no  measurement  is  performed  within  a  band 
35 mm  in  width,  starting  from  the  edge  of  the  pane,  which  may  be  adjacent  to  the 
screen divider. 

9.3. 

Secondary-image separation test 

9.3.1. 

Scope 

Two test methods are recognised: 

– 

– 

target test, and 

collimation telescope test. 

These  test  methods  may  be  used  for  component  type-approval,  quality-control  or 
product-evaluation purposes, as appropriate. 

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9.3.1.1.  Target test 

9.3.1.1.1. 

Apparatus 

This  method  involves  viewing  an  illuminated  target  through  the  safety-glass  pane. 
The target may be designed in such a way that the test can be carried out on a simple 
go/no go basis. 

The target must preferably be of one of the following types: 

(a) 

(b) 

an  illuminated  ring  target  whose  outer  diameter,  D,  subtends  an  angle  of 
η minutes of arc at a point situated at x metres (Figure 11a); or 

an  illuminated  ring  and  spot  target  whose  dimensions  are  such  that  the 
distance,  D,  from  a  point  on  the  edge  of  the  spot  to  the  nearest  point  on  the 
inside of the circle subtends an angle of η minutes of arc at a point situated at 
x metres (Figure 11b); 

where: 

η 

x 

is the limit value of secondary-image separation, 

is the distance from the safety-glass pane to the target (not less than 7 m), 

D 

is given by the formula: 

D = x · tan η 

The illuminated target consists of a light box, approximately 300 mm × 300 mm × 
150 mm, whose front is most conveniently constructed of glass masked with opaque 
black paper or coated with matt black paint. The box is illuminated by a suitable light 
source. The inside of the box is coated with matt white paint. It may be convenient to 
use  other  forms  of  target,  such  as  that  shown  in  Figure  14.  It  is  also  acceptable  to 
replace the target system by a projection system and to view the resulting images on 
a screen. 

9.3.1.1.2. 

Procedure 

Mount the safety-glass pane at the specified rake angle on a suitable stand in such a 
way  that  the  observation  is  carried  out  in  the  horizontal  plane  passing  through  the 
centre of the target. 

The light box must be viewed, in a dark or semi-dark room, through each part of the 
area  being  examined,  in  order  to  detect  the  presence  of  any  secondary  image 
associated  with  the  illuminated  target.  Rotate  the  safety-glass  pane  as  necessary  to 
ensure that the correct direction of view is maintained. A monocular may be used for 
viewing. 

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9.3.1.1.3. 

Expression of results 

Determine whether: 

– 

– 

when  target  (a)  (see  figure  11a)  is  used,  the  primary  and  secondary  image  of 
the circle separate, i.e. whether the limit value of η is exceeded, or 

when target (b) (see figure 11b) is used, the secondary image of the spot shifts 
beyond the point of tangency with the inside edge of the circle, i.e. whether the 
limit value of η is exceeded. 

Figure 11 

Dimensions of targets 

Figure 12 

Arrangement of apparatus 

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1. 

2. 

Lamp bulb. 

Condenser aperture > 8,6 mm. 

3.  Ground-glass screen aperture > condenser aperture. 

4. 

Colour  filter  with  central  hole  approximately  0,3  mm 
diameter > 8,6 mm. 

in  diameter; 

5. 

Polar-coordinate plate, diameter > 8,6 mm. 

6.  Achromatic lens, f ≥ 86 mm, aperture 10 mm. 

7.  Achromatic lens, f ≥ 86 mm, aperture 10 mm. 

8. 

Black spot, diameter approximately 0,3 mm. 

9.  Achromatic lens, f = 20 mm, aperture ≤ 10 mm. 

Figure 13 

Apparatus for collimation telescope test 

9.3.1.2.  Collimation telescope test 

If necessary, the procedure described in this point is applied. 

9.3.1.2.1. 

Apparatus 

The  apparatus  comprises  a  collimator  and  a  telescope  and  may  be  set  up  in 
accordance with Figure 13. However, any equivalent optical system may be used. 

9.3.1.2.2. 

Procedure 

The  collimation  telescope  forms  at  infinity  the  image  of  a  polar-coordinate  system 
with a bright point at its centre (see Figure 14). In the focal plane of the observation 
telescope,  a  small  opaque  spot  with  a  diameter  slightly  larger  than  that  of  the 
projected bright point is placed on the optical axis, thus obscuring the bright point. 

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Figure 14 

Example of observation by the collimation telescope test method 

When a test piece which exhibits a secondary image is placed between the telescope 
and the collimator, a second, less bright point appears at a certain distance from the 
centre  of  the  polar-coordinate  system.  The secondary-image  separation  can  be  read 
out  as  the  distance  between  the  points  seen  through  the  observation  telescope  (see 
Figure 14). (The distance between the dark spot and the bright point at the centre of 
the polar-coordinate system represents the optical deviation.) 

9.3.1.2.3. 

Expression of results 

The safety-glass pane is first examined by a simple scanning technique to establish 
the  area  giving  the  strongest  secondary  image.  That  area  is  then  examined  by  the 
collimator  telescope  system  at  the  appropriate  angle  of  incidence.  The  maximum 
secondary-image separation is measured. 

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9.3.1.3.  The  direction  of  observation 

in 

the  horizontal  plane  must  be  maintained 

approximately normal to the trace of the windscreen in that plane. 

9.3.2.  The measurements are performed according to tractor category in the zones defined 

in point 9.2.2. 

9.3.2.1.  Tractor type 

The test must be repeated if the windscreen is to be mounted on a tractor of a type 
which  has  a  forward  field  of  vision  different  from  that  of  the  tractor  for  which  the 
windscreen has already been approved. 

9.3.3. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

9.3.3.1.  Nature of the material 

Polished (plate) glass 

Float glass 

Sheet glass 

1 

1 

2 

9.3.3.2.  Other secondary characteristics 

No other secondary characteristics are involved. 

9.3.4.  Number of samples 

Four samples must be submitted for testing. 

9.3.5. 

Interpretation of results 

A  type  of  windscreen  is  considered  satisfactory  as  regards  secondary-image 
separation if, in the four samples submitted for testing, separation of the primary and 
secondary image does not exceed a maximum value of 15′ of an arc. 

9.3.5.1.  No measurement must be carried out in a 100 mm-wide peripheral zone. 

9.3.5.2.  In the case of divided windscreens no measurement may be performed within a band 
35  mm  in  width,  starting  from  the  edge  of the  pane,  which  may  be  adjacent  to  the 
screen divider. 

9.4. 

Identification of colours test 

When  a  windscreen  is  tinted  in  the  zones  defined  in  point  9.2.5.2  or  point  9.2.5.3, 
four windscreens are tested for identifiability of the following colours: 

white, 

selective yellow, 

red, 

green, 

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blue, 

amber. 

10. 

FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST 

10.1. 

Purpose and scope of application 

This  method  enables  the  horizontal  burning  rate  of  materials  used  in  the  occupant 
compartment  of  tractors  after  exposure  to  a  small  flame  to  be  determined.  This 
method permits testing of materials and components of a tractor's interior equipment 
individually  or  in  combination  up  to  a  thickness  of  15  mm.  It  is  used  to  judge  the 
uniformity  of  production  lots  of  such  materials  with  respect  to  their  burning 
behaviour.  Because  of  the  many  differences  between  the  real-world  situation 
(application and orientation within a tractor; conditions of use; ignition source, etc.) 
and the precise test conditions prescribed herein, this method cannot be considered as 
suitable for evaluation of all true in-tractor burning characteristics. 

10.2.  Definitions 

10.2.1.  Burning  rate:  the  quotient  of  the  burnt  distance  measured  according  to  this  method 

and the time taken to burn that distance. 

It is expressed in millimetres per minute. 

10.2.2.  Composite  material:  a  material  composed  of  several  layers  of  similar  or  different 
materials intimately held together at their surface by cementing, bonding, cladding, 
welding,  etc.  When  different  materials  are  connected  together  intermittently  (for 
example,  by  sewing,  high-frequency  welding,  riveting),  then  in  order  to  permit  the 
preparation  of  individual  samples  in  accordance  with  point  10.5  such  materials  are 
not considered as composite materials. 

10.2.3.  Exposed side: the side which is facing towards the occupant compartment (passenger 

compartment) when the material is mounted in the tractor. 

10.3. 

Principle 

A sample is held horizontally in a U-shaped holder and is exposed to the action of a 
defined low-energy flame for 15 seconds in a combustion chamber, the flame acting 
on  the  free  end  of  the  sample.  The  test  determines  whether  and  when  the  flame  is 
extinguished  or  the  time  which  the  flame  requires  to  proceed  over  a  measured 
distance. 

10.4.  Apparatus 

10.4.1.  Combustion  chamber  (Figure  15),  preferably  of  stainless  steel,  having  the 
dimensions given in Figure 16. The front of the chamber contains a flame-resistant 
observation window, which may cover the entire front and which can be constructed 
as an access panel. 

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The bottom of the chamber has vent holes, and the top has a vent slot all around. The 
combustion chamber is placed on four feet, 10 mm high. 

The chamber may have a hole at one end for the introduction of the sample holder 
containing the sample; in the opposite end, a hole is provided for the gas supply line. 
Melted material is caught in a pan (see Figure 17) which is placed on the bottom of 
the chamber between vent holes without covering any vent hole area. 

Figure 15 

Example of combustion chamber with sample-holder and drip pan 

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Figure 16 

Example of combustion chamber 

Figure 17 

Typical drip pan 

10.4.2.  Sample holder, consisting of two U-shaped metal plates or frames of corrosion-proof 

material. Dimensions are given in Figure 18. 

The lower plate is equipped with pins and the upper one with corresponding holes, in 
order to ensure a consistent holding of the sample. The pins also serve as measuring 
points at the beginning and end of the burning distance. 

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A  support  is  provided  in  the  form  of  heat-resistant  wires  0,25  mm  in  diameter 
spanning  the  frame  at  25  mm  intervals  over  the  bottom  U-shaped  frame  (see 
Figure 19). 

Figure 18 

Example of sample holder 

Figure 19 

Example of section of lower U-frame design for wire support facility 

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The plane of the lower side of samples must be 178 mm above the floor plate. The 
distance of the front edge of the sample holder from the end of the chamber must be 
22 mm; the distance of the longitudinal sides of the sample holder from the sides of 
the chamber must be 50 mm (all inside dimensions). (See Figures 15 and 16.) 

10.4.3.  Gas  burner.  The  small  ignition  source  is  provided  by  a  Bunsen  burner  having  an 
inside  diameter  of  9,5  mm.  It  is  so  located  in  the  test  cabinet  that  the  centre  of  its 
nozzle is 19 mm below the centre of the bottom edge of the open end of the sample 
(see Figure 16). 

10.4.4.  Test  gas.  The  gas  supplied  to  the  burner  must  have  a  calorific  value  of  about 

38 MJ/m3 (for example natural gas). 

10.4.5.  Metal comb, at least 110 mm in length, with seven or eight smooth rounded teeth per 

25 mm. 

10.4.6.  Stop-watch, accurate to 0,5 second. 

10.4.7.  Fume  cupboard.  The  combustion  chamber  may  be  placed  in  a  fume  cupboard 
assembly provided that the latter's internal volume is at least 20 times, but not more 
than  110  times,  greater  than  the  volume  of  the  combustion  chamber  and  provided 
that no single height, width, or length dimension of the fume cupboard is greater than 
2½ times either of the other two dimensions. 

Before the test, the vertical velocity of the air through the fume cupboard is measured 
100 mm forward of and to the rear of the ultimate site of the combustion chamber. It 
must  be  between  0,10  and  0,30  m/s  in  order  to  avoid  possible  discomfort  to  the 
operator  from  combustion  products.  It  is  possible  to  use  a  fume  cupboard  with 
natural ventilation and an appropriate air velocity. 

10.5. 

Samples 

10.5.1.  Shape and dimensions 

The  shape  and  dimensions  of  samples  are  given  in  Figure  20.  The  thickness  of  the 
sample corresponds to the thickness of the product to be tested. It must not be more 
than  13  mm.  When  sample  taking  so  permits,  the  sample  must  have  a  constant 
section  over  its  entire  length.  When  the  shape  and  dimensions  of  a  product  do  not 
permit taking a sample of the given size, the following minimum dimensions must be 
observed: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

for samples having a width of 3 to 60 mm, the length must be 356 mm. In this 
case the material is tested over the product's width; 

for  samples  having  a  width  of  60  to  100  mm,  the  length  must  be  at  least 
138 mm. In this case the potential burning distance corresponds to the length of 
the sample, the measurement starting at the first measuring point; 

samples less than 60 mm wide and less than 356 mm long, and samples 60 to 
100  mm  wide  and  less  than  138  mm  long,  cannot  be  tested  according  to  the 
present method, nor can samples less than 3 mm wide. 

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10.5.2.  Sampling 

At least five samples are to be taken from the material under test. In materials having 
burning  rates  differing  according  to  the  direction  of  the  material  (this  being 
established  by  preliminary  tests)  the  five  (or  more)  samples  are  to  be  taken  and 
placed  in  the  test  apparatus  in  such  a  way  that  the  highest  burning  rate  will  be 
measured. When the material is supplied in set widths, a length of at least 500 mm 
covering the entire width is cut. From the piece so cut, the samples are to be taken at 
not  less  than  100  mm  from  the  edge  of  the  material  and  at  points  equidistant  from 
each other. 

Samples are to be taken in the same way from finished products when the shape of 
the  product  so  permits.  If  the  thickness  of  the  product  is  over  13  mm  it  must  be 
reduced to 13 mm by a mechanical process applied to the side which does not face 
the passenger compartment. 

Composite materials (see point 10.2.2) are to be tested as if they were homogeneous. 

In  the  case  of  materials  comprising  superimposed  layers  of  different  composition 
which are not composite materials, all the layers of material included within a depth 
of  13  mm  from  the  surface  facing  towards  the  passenger  compartment  are  to  be 
tested individually. 

Figure 20 

Sample 

10.5.3.  Conditioning 

The samples are to be conditioned for at least 24 hours, but no more than 7 days, at a 
temperature of 23 ± 2 °C and a relative humidity of 50 ± 5%, and maintained under 
these conditions until immediately prior to testing. 

10.6. 

Procedure 

10.6.1.  Place  samples  with  napped  or  tufted  surfaces  on  a  flat  surface,  and  comb  twice 

against the nap using the comb (10.4.5). 

EN 

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10.6.2.  Place  the  sample  in  the  sample  holder  (10.4.2)  so  that  the  exposed  side  faces 

downwards, towards the flame. 

10.6.3.  Adjust  the  gas  flame  to  a  height  of  30  mm  using  the  mark  in  the  chamber,  the  air 
intake of the burner being closed. The flame must burn for at least one minute, for 
stabilisation, before the first test is started. 

10.6.4.  Push the sample holder into the combustion chamber so that the end of the sample is 

exposed to the flame, and after 15 seconds cut off the gas flow. 

10.6.5.  Measurement of burning time starts at the moment when the foot of the flame passes 
the first measuring point. Observe the flame propagation on the side (upper or lower) 
which burns faster. 

10.6.6.  Measurement  of  burning  time  is  completed  when  the  flame  has  come  to  the  last 
measuring point or when the flame is extinguished before reaching that point. If the 
flame does not reach the last measuring point, measure the burnt distance up to the 
point  where  the  flame  was  extinguished.  Burnt  distance  is  the  part  of  the  sample 
destroyed, on the surface or inside, by burning. 

10.6.7.  If the sample does not ignite or does not continue burning after the burner has been 
extinguished, or the flame goes out before reaching the first measuring point, so that 
no burning time is measured, note in the test report that the burning is 0 mm/minute. 

10.6.8.  When running a series of tests or performing repeat tests, make sure before starting a 
test  that  the  temperature  of  the  combustion  chamber  and  sample-holder  does  not 
exceed 30 °C. 

10.7.  Calculation 

The burning rate, B, in millimetres per minute, is given by the formula: 

B = (s/t) × 60 

where: 

s 

t 

is the burnt distance, in millimetres, 

is the time, in seconds, taken to burn the distance s. 

10.8. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristics are involved. 

10.9. 

Interpretation of results 

Plastic-coated (2.3) and plastic safety glazing (2.4) are considered satisfactory from 
the  point  of  view  of  burning  behaviour  (fire  resistance)  if  the  burn  rate  does  not 
exceed 250 mm/minute. 

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11. 

TESTING OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICAL AGENTS 

11.1.  Chemical agents to be used 

11.1.1.  Non-abrasive soapy solution: 1% by weight of potassium oleate in de-ionised water. 

11.1.2.  Window-cleaning  product:  aqueous  solution  of  isopropanol  and  dipropylene  glycol 
monomethyl ether, each at a concentration of 5 to 10% by weight, and of ammonium 
hydroxyde at a concentration of 1 to 5% by weight. 

11.1.3.  Non-dilute denatured alcohol: one part by volume of methyl alcohol in 10 parts by 

volume of ethyl alcohol. 

11.1.4.  Reference  gasoline  mixture  of  50%  by  volume  of  toluene,  30%  by  volume  of 
2,2,4-trimethylpentane,  15%  by  volume  of  2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentane  and  5%  by 
volume of ethyl alcohol. 

11.1.5.  Reference kerosene: mixture of 50 % by volume of n-octane and 50 % by volume of 

n-decane. 

11.2.  Test method 

Two 180 × 25 mm test pieces are each to be tested with chemical agents as provided 
for in point 11.1, a new test piece being used for each test and product. After each 
test  the  pieces  are  to  be  cleaned  in  accordance  with  the  manufacturer's  instruction, 
and  then  conditioned  for  48  hours  at  a  temperature  of  23  ±  2  °C  and  a  relative 
humidity of 50 ± 5%. These conditions are to be maintained during the tests. The test 
pieces  are  to  be  completely  immersed  in  the  test  liquid  for  one  minute,  withdrawn 
and then immediately dried with a (clean) absorbent cotton cloth. 

11.3. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Colouring of the plastic interlayer, or coating 

1 

2 

Colourless 

Tinted 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

11.4. 

Interpretation of the results 

11.4.1.  The  test  for  resistance  to  chemical  agents  is  considered  to  be  positive  if  the  test 
pieces  display  no  softening,  stickiness,  surface  cracking  or  apparent  loss  of 
transparency. 

11.4.2.  A  series  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory  as  regards  resistance  to  chemical  agents  if  one  of  the  following 
conditions has been met: 

11.4.2.1. all the tests give satisfactory results; 

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11.4.2.2. a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be carried 

out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

__________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III D 

TOUGHENED-GLASS WINDSCREENS 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Toughened-glass windscreens are deemed to belong to different types if they differ 
in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the shape and dimensions. 

Toughened-glass  windscreens  are  considered  as  belonging  to  one  or  other  of  two 
groups for the purposes of the fragmentation and mechanical-properties tests, i.e.: 

1.1.2.1.  flat windscreens, and 

1.1.2.2.  curved windscreens; 

1.1.3. 

the  thickness  category  in  which  the  nominal  thickness  ‘e’  lies  (a  manufacturing 
tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being allowed): 

– 

– 

– 

– 

category I: 

e ≤ 4,5 mm 

category II: 

4,5 mm < 

e ≤ 5,5 mm 

category III: 

5,5 mm < 

e ≤ 6,5 mm 

category IV: 

6,5 mm < 

e 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

colouring (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the incorporation or absence of conductors, 

1.2.4. 

the incorporation or absence of obscuration bands. 

2. 

FRAGMENTATION TEST 

2.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

2.1.1.  Only the nature of the material is involved. 

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2.1.2.  Float glass and sheet glass are considered to have the same index of difficulty. 

2.1.3.  The fragmentation tests must be repeated on transition from polished (plate) glass to 

float glass or sheet glass, and vice versa. 

2.1.4.  The tests must be repeated if obscuration bands other than painted bands are used. 

2.2. 

Number of samples 

Six  samples  from  the  smallest-developed-area  series  and  six  samples  from  the 
largest-developed-area series, selected as prescribed in Annex III M, are to be tested. 

2.3. 

Different zones of glass 

A  toughened-glass  windscreen  must  comprise  two  main  zones,  FI  and  FII.  It  may 
also comprise an intermediate zone, FIII. 

These zones are as defined below: 

2.3.1. 

zone FI: peripheral zone of fine fragmentation, at least 7 cm wide, all round the edge 
of  the  windscreen  and  including  an  outer  strip  2  cm  wide  not  subjected  to 
assessment; 

2.3.2. 

zone  FII:  visibility  zone  of  varying  fragmentation,  always  including  a  rectangular 
part at least 20 cm high and 50 cm long. 

2.3.2.1.  The centre of the rectangle is inside a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the 

projection of the reference point. 

2.3.2.2.  In the case of tractors for which it is not possible to determine the reference point, the 

position of the visibility zone must be indicated in the test report. 

2.3.2.3.  The height of the above rectangle may be reduced to 15 cm for windscreens which 

are less than 44 cm high; 

2.3.3. 

zone FIII: intermediate zone, not more than 5 cm wide, between zones FI and FII. 

2.4. 

Test method 

The method used is that described in point 1 of Annex III C. 

2.5. 

Points of impact (see Annex III N, Figure 2) 

2.5.1.  The points of impact are selected as follows: 

point 1: in the central part of zone FII in an area of high or low stress; 

point  2:  in  zone  FIII,  as  near  as  possible  to  the  vertical  plane  of  symmetry  of 
zone FII; 

points 3 and 3′: 3 cm from the edges of one median of the sample; when there is a 
tong mark, one of the breakage points shall be near the edge bearing the tong mark 
and the other near the opposite edge; 

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point 4: at the place where the radius of curvature is smallest on the longest median; 

point 5: 3 cm from the edge of the sample at the place where the radius of curvature 
of the edge is smallest, either to the left or to the right. 

2.5.2.  A fragmentation test is performed at each of the points 1, 2, 3, 3′, 4 and 5. 

2.6. 

Interpretation of results 

2.6.1.  A test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if fragmentation satisfies all the 

conditions given in points 2.6.1.1, 2.6.1.2 and 2.6.1.3 below. 

2.6.1.1.  Zone FI 

2.6.1.1.1. 

The number of fragments in any 5 × 5 cm square is not less than 40 nor more 
than 350; however, in the case of a count of less than 40, if the number of fragments 
in any 10 × 10 cm square containing the 5 × 5 cm square is not less than 160, this is 
acceptable. 

2.6.1.1.2. 

For  the  purposes  of  the  above  rule,  a  fragment  extending  across  a  side  of  a 

square counts as half a fragment. 

2.6.1.1.3. 

Fragmentation  is  not  checked  in  a  strip  2  cm  wide  round  the  edge  of  the 
samples, this strip representing the frame of the glass, nor within a radius of 7,5 cm 
from the point of impact. 

2.6.1.1.4. 

A maximum of three fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm2 is allowed. No two 

of these fragments must be contained within the same 10 cm diameter circle. 

2.6.1.1.5. 

Elongated fragments may be permitted provided that their ends are not knife-
edged and that their length does not exceed 7,5 cm, except in the case provided for in 
point 2.6.2.2 below. If these elongated fragments extend to the edge of the glass, they 
must not form an angle of more than 45° with it. 

2.6.1.2.  Zone FII 

2.6.1.2.1. 

The  residual  visibility  after  shattering  is  checked  in  the  rectangular  area 
defined in point 2.3.2. In that rectangle the aggregate surface area of the fragments of 
more  than  2  cm2  must  represent  not  less  than  15%  of  the  area  of  the  rectangle; 
however,  in  the  case  of  windscreens  less  than  44  cm  high,  or  whose  angle  of 
installation is less than 15° from the vertical, the visibility percentage must be equal 
to 10% at least of the surface of the corresponding rectangle. 

2.6.1.2.2. 

No  fragment  must  have  an  area  of  more  than  16  cm2  except  in  the  case 

provided for in point 2.6.2.2. 

2.6.1.2.3. 

Within a radius of 10 cm from the point of impact, but only in that part of the 
circle  which  is  included  in  zone  FII,  three  fragments  having  an  area  of  more  than 
16 cm2 but less than 25 cm2 are allowed. 

2.6.1.2.4. 

Fragments  must  be  substantially  regular  in  shape  and  free  from  points  of  the 
type  described  in  point  2.6.1.2.4.1.  However,  not  more  than  10  irregular  fragments 

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are allowed in any 50 × 20 cm rectangle and not more than 25 over the whole surface 
of the windscreen. 

No  such  fragment  must  present  a  point  more  than  35  mm  long  measured  in 
accordance with point 2.6.1.2.4.1. 

2.6.1.2.4.1.  A fragment is considered as an irregular fragment if it cannot be inscribed in a 
circle of 40 mm in diameter, if it has at least one point more than 15 mm long when 
measured from the top of the point to the section whose width is equal to the glazing 
thickness, and if it has one or more points having a top angle smaller than 40°. 

2.6.1.2.5. 

Fragments  of  elongated  shape  are  allowed  in  zone  FII  as  a  whole,  provided 

they do not exceed 10 cm in length, except in the case provided for in point 2.6.2.2. 

2.6.1.3.  Zone FIII 

Fragmentation in this zone must have characteristics intermediate between those of 
the fragmentations respectively allowed for the two neighbouring zones (FI and FII). 

2.6.2.  A windscreen submitted for component type-approval is considered satisfactory from 
the  point  of  view  of  fragmentation  if  at  least  one  of  the  following  conditions  is 
fulfilled: 

2.6.2.1.  when all the tests carried out using the points of impact defined in point 2.5.1 have 

given a satisfactory result; 

2.6.2.2.  when  one  test  among  all  those  carried  out  using  the  points  of  impact  prescribed  in 
point 2.5.1 has given an unsatisfactory result, taking account of deviations which do 
not exceed the following limits: 

zone FI: not more than five fragments between 7,5 and 15 cm long; 

zone  FII:  not  more  than  three  fragments  of  between  16  and  20  cm2  in  area  located 
outside the circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the point of impact; 

zone FIII: not more than four fragments between 10 and 17,5 cm long, 

and is repeated on a new sample, which either conforms to the requirements of point 
2.6.1 or presents deviations within the above specified limits. 

2.6.2.3.  when two tests among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed 
in  point  2.5.1  have  given  an  unsatisfactory  result  for  deviations  not  exceeding  the 
limits specified in point 2.6.2.2 and a further series of tests carried out on a new set 
of samples conform to the requirements of point 2.6.1, or not more than two samples 
of the new set present deviations within the above specified limits of point 2.6.2.2. 

2.6.3. 

If the abovementioned deviations are found, they must be noted in the test report and 
photographs of the relevant parts of the windscreen attached to the report. 

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3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Number of samples 

3.2.1.  For each group of toughened-glass windscreens, four samples having approximately 
the  smallest  developed  area  and  four  samples  having  approximately  the  largest 
developed  area,  all  eight  samples  being  of  the  same  types  as  those  selected  for  the 
fragmentation tests (see point 2.2) are subjected to testing. 

3.2.2.  Alternatively,  at  the  discretion  of  the  laboratory  conducting  the  tests,  for  each 
category of windscreen thickness, six test pieces of the dimension (1 100 × 500 mm) 
+ 5/− 2 mm are subjected to testing. 

3.3. 

Test method 

3.3.1.  The method used is that described in point 3 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.  The height of drop is 1,50 m + 0/− 5 mm. 

3.4. 

Interpretation of results 

3.4.1.  The  test  is  deemed  to  have  given  a  satisfactory  result  if  the  windscreen  or  the  test 

piece is fractured. 

3.4.2.  A set of samples submitted for component type-approval are considered satisfactory 
from the point of view of the headform test if either of the two following conditions 
is fulfilled: 

3.4.2.1.  all the tests have given a satisfactory result; 

3.4.2.2.  a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be carried 

out on a new set of samples and give satisfactory results. 

4. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in point 9 of Annex III C apply 
to every type of windscreen. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III E 

UNIFORMLY TOUGHENED-GLASS PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS13 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Uniformly  toughened  glass  panes  are  deemed  to  belong  to  different  types  if  they 
differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the nature of the toughening process (thermal or chemical); 

1.1.3. 

the shape category; two categories are distinguished: 

1.1.3.1.  flat glass panes, 

1.1.3.2.  flat and curved glass panes; 

1.1.4. 

the  thickness  category  in  which  the  nominal  thickness  ‘e’  lies  (a  manufacturing 
tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being allowed): 

– 

– 

– 

– 

category I: 

e ≤ 3,5 mm 

category II: 

3,5 mm <  e ≤ 4,5 mm 

category III: 

4,5 mm <  e ≤ 6,5 mm 

category IV: 

6,5 mm <  e 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

colouring (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the incorporation or absence of conductors. 

13 

This type of uniformly toughened-glass pane can also be used for windscreens for tractors. 

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2. 

FRAGMENTATION TEST 

2.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Material 

Index of difficulty 

Plate glass 

Float glass 

Sheet glass 

2 

1 

1 

No other secondary characteristics are involved. 

2.2. 

Selection of samples 

2.2.1.  Samples of each shape category and of each thickness category difficult to produce 

are selected according to the following criteria for testing: 

2.2.1.1.  in the case of flat glass panes, two sets of samples are provided, corresponding to: 

2.2.1.1.1. 

the largest developed area, 

2.2.1.1.2. 

the smallest angle between two adjacent sides; 

2.2.1.2.  in  the  case  of  flat  and  curved  glass  panes,  three  sets  of  samples  are  provided, 

corresponding to: 

2.2.1.2.1. 

the largest developed area, 

2.2.1.2.2. 

the smallest angle between two adjacent sides, 

2.2.1.2.3. 

the largest height of segment. 

2.2.2.  Tests carried out on samples corresponding to the largest area, S, are considered to 

be applicable to any other area smaller than S + 5%. 

2.2.3. 

If  the  samples  submitted  present  an  angle,  γ,  smaller  than  30°,  the  tests  are 
considered  as  applicable  to  all  glass  panes  produced  having  an  angle  greater  than 
γ −5°. 

If the samples submitted present an angle, γ, greater than or equal to 30°, the tests are 
considered  as  applicable  to  all  glass  panes  produced  having  an  angle  equal  to  or 
greater than 30°. 

2.2.4. 

If the height of segment, h, of the samples submitted is greater than 100 mm, the tests 
are considered as applicable to all glass panes produced having a height of segment 
smaller than h + 30 mm. 

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If the height of segment of the samples submitted is less than or equal to 100 mm, the 
tests are considered as applicable to all glass panes having a height of segment less 
than or equal to 100 mm. 

2.3. 

Number of samples per set 

The  number  of  samples  in  each  group  shall  be  as  follows,  according  to  the  shape 
category defined in point 1.1.3 above: 

Kind of glass pane 

Number of samples 

Flat (two sets) 

Flat and curved (three sets) 

4 

5 

2.4. 

Test method 

2.4.1.  The method used is that described in point 1 Annex III C. 

2.5. 

Points of impact (see Annex III N, Figure 3) 

2.5.1.  For  flat  glass  panes  and  curved  glass  panes  the  points  of  impact  represented 
respectively  in  Annex  III  N,  Figures  3  (a)  and  3  (b)  on  the  one  hand,  and  in 
Annex III N, Figure 3 (c) on the other hand, are as follows: 

point  1:  3  cm  from  the  edges  of  the  glass  pane  in  the  part  where  the  radius  of 
curvature of the edge is smallest; 

point 2: 3 cm from the edge of one of the medians, the side (if any) of the glass pane 
bearing tong marks being selected; 

point 3: in the geometric centre of the glass; 

point 4: for curved glass panes only; this point is selected on the largest median in 
that part of the pane where the radius of curvature is smallest. 

2.5.2.  Only one test is carried out at each prescribed point of impact. 

2.6. 

Interpretation of results 

2.6.1.  A  test  is  deemed  to  have  given  a  satisfactory  result  if  fragmentation  satisfies  the 

following conditions: 

2.6.1.1.  the  number  of  fragments  in  any  5  ×  5  cm2  square  is  not  less  than  40  or  more  than 

400, or, in the case of glazing not more than 3,5 mm thick, 450. 

2.6.1.2.  For  the  purpose  of  the  above  rule,  a  fragment  extending  across  a  side  of  a  square 

counts as half a fragment. 

2.6.1.3.  Fragmentation is not checked in a strip 2 cm wide round the edge of the samples, this 
strip representing the frame of the glass; nor within a radius of 7,5 cm from the point 
of impact. 

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2.6.1.4.  Fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm2 are not allowed except in the parts defined in 

point 2.6.1.3. 

2.6.1.5.  A few fragments of elongated shape are allowed, provided that: 

– 

– 

their ends are not knife-edged, 

if they extend to the edge of the glass pane they do not form an angle of more 
than 45° with it, 

and if, except in the case provided for in point 2.6.2.2. below if their length does not 
exceed 7,5 cm. 

2.6.2.  A set of samples submitted for component type-approval are considered satisfactory 
from the point of view of fragmentation if at least one of the following conditions is 
fulfilled: 

2.6.2.1.  when  all  tests  carried  out  using  the  points  of  impact  prescribed  in  point  2.5.1  have 

given a satisfactory result; 

2.6.2.2.  when  one  test  among  all  those  carried  out  using  the  points  of  impact  prescribed  in 
point 2.5.1. has given an unsatisfactory result, taking account of deviations which do 
not exceed the following limits: 

– 

– 

not more than five fragments between 6 and 7,5 cm long, 

not more than five fragments between 7,5 and 10 cm long, 

and is repeated on a new sample which either conforms to the requirements of point 
2.6.1 or presents deviations within the above specified limits. 

2.6.2.3.  When two tests among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed 
in  point  2.5.1  have  given  an  unsatisfactory  result,  taking  account  of  deviations  not 
exceeding the limits specified in point 2.6.2.2, and a further series of tests carried out 
on a new set of samples conform to the prescriptions of point 2.6.1. or not more than 
two  samples  of  the  new  set  present  deviations  within  the  above  specified  limits  of 
point 2.6.2.2. 

2.6.3. 

If the abovementioned deviations are found, they must be noted in the test report and 
photographs of the relevant parts of the glass pane attached to the report. 

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3. 

MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST 

3.1. 

227-g-ball test 

3.1.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Material 

Index of difficulty

Colouring 

Index of difficulty

Polished glass 

Float glass 

Sheet glass 

2 

1 

1 

colourless 

tinted 

1 

2 

The other secondary characteristic (namely, incorporation or absence of conductors) 
is not involved. 

3.1.2.  Number of test pieces 

Six  test  pieces  are  subjected  to  testing  for  each  thickness  category  defined  in 
point 1.1.4 above. 

3.1.3.  Test method 

3.1.3.1.  The test method used is that described in point 2.1 of Annex III C. 

3.1.3.2.  The  height  of  drop  (from  the  underface  of  the  ball  to  the  upper  surface  of  the  test 

piece) is indicated in the following table, according to thickness of the glass pane: 

Nominal thickness of glass pane (e) 

Height of drop 

e ≤ 3,5 mm 

3,5 mm < e 

3.1.4. 

Interpretation of results 

2,0 m + 5 / − 0 mm 

2,5 m + 5 / − 0 mm 

3.1.4.1.  The test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the test piece does not break. 

3.1.4.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  mechanical  strength  if  at  least  one  of  the 
following conditions is fulfilled: 

3.1.4.2.1. 

when not more than one test has given an unsatisfactory result, 

3.1.4.2.2. 

when  two  tests  having  given  unsatisfactory  results,  a  further  series  of  tests 

carried out on a new set of six test pieces give satisfactory results. 

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4. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

4.1. 

Light transmittance 

The requirements concerning regular light transmittance set out in point 9.1 of Annex 
III  C  apply  to  uniformly  toughened-glass  panes  or  parts  of  glass  panes  located  at 
places which are essential to the driver's vision. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III F 

ORDINARY LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREENS 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens are deemed to belong to different types if they 
differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the shape and dimensions. 

Ordinary  laminated-glass  windscreens  are  deemed  to  belong  to  one  group  for  the 
purposes of tests of mechanical properties and of resistance to the environment; 

1.1.3. 

the number of layers of glass; 

1.1.4. 

the nominal thickness ‘e’ of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of 0,2 n mm 
(n being the number of layers of glass in the windscreen) above or below the nominal 
value being allowed; 

1.1.5. 

the nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers; 

1.1.6. 

the nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers (e.g. PVB or other plastic-material 
interlayer or interlayers). 

1.2 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

the nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

the colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.4. 

the incorporation or absence of conductors, 

1.2.5. 

the incorporation or absence of obscuration bands. 

2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

In the case of ordinary laminated-glass windscreens, tests other than headform tests 
(point 3.2) and tests of optical qualities are conducted on flat test pieces which are 
either  cut  from  actual  windscreens  or  are  specially  made  for  the  purpose.  In  either 
case the test pieces must in all respects be rigorously representative of the production 
windscreens for which component type-approval is sought. 

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2.2. 

Before  each  test,  the  test  pieces  must  be  stored  for  not  less  than  four  hours  at  a 
temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests must take place as soon as possible after the test 
pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Headform test on a complete windscreen 

3.2.1.  Number of samples 

Four  samples  from  the  smallest-developed-area  series  and  four  samples  from  the 
largest-developed-area  series,  selected  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
Annex III M are tested. 

3.2.2.  Test method 

3.2.2.1.  The method used is that described in point 3.3.2 of Annex III C. 

3.2.2.2.  The drop height is 1,5 m + 0/− 5 mm. 

3.2.3. 

Interpretation of results 

3.2.3.1.  This test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are 

fulfilled: 

3.2.3.1.1. 

the sample breaks displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately 
on the point of impact, the cracks nearest to the point of impact being not more than 
80 mm from it; 

3.2.3.1.2. 

the layers of glass must remain adhering to the plastic-material interlayer. One 
or more partial separations from the interlayer with a distance of less than 4 mm in 
breadth,  on  either  side  of  the  crack,  are  permitted  outside  a  circle  of  60  mm  in 
diameter centred on the point of impact. 

3.2.3.1.3. 

On the impact side: 

3.2.3.1.3.1. 

the interlayer must not be laid bare over an area of more than 20 cm2, 

3.2.3.1.3.2. 

a tear in the interlayer up to a length of 35 mm is allowed. 

3.2.3.2.  A set of samples submitted for approval are considered satisfactory from the point of 

view of the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met: 

3.2.3.2.1. 

all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.2.3.2.2. 

one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried 

out on a new set of samples give satisfactory results. 

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3.3. 

Head form test on flat test pieces 

3.3.1.  Number of test pieces 

Six  flat  test  pieces  measuring  (1 100  mm  ×  500  mm)  +  5/−  2  mm  are  subjected  to 
testing. 

3.3.2.  Test method 

3.3.2.1.  The method used is that described in point 3.3.1 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.2.  The height of drop is 4 m + 25/− 0 mm. 

3.3.3. 

Interpretation of results 

3.3.3.1.  This test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are 

fulfilled: 

3.3.3.1.1. 

the  test  piece  yields  and  breaks,  displaying  numerous  circular  cracks  centred 

approximately on the point of impact; 

3.3.3.1.2. 

tears  in  the  interlayer  are  allowed  provided  that  the  manikin's  head  does  not 

pass through the test piece; 

3.3.3.1.3. 

no large fragments of glass become detached from the interlayer; 

3.3.3.2.  a set of test pieces submitted for approval are considered satisfactory from the point 

of view of the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met: 

3.3.3.2.1. 

all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.3.3.2.2. 

a  test  having  given  an  unsatisfactory  result,  a  further  series  of  tests  must  be 

carried out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

4. 

MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST 

4.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

4.2. 

2 260-g-ball test 

4.2.1.  Number of test pieces 

Six square test pieces of 300 mm + 10/− 0 mm side are subjected to testing. 

4.2.2.  Test method 

4.2.2.1.  The method used is that described in point 2.2 of Annex III C. 

4.2.2.2.  The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) 

is 4 m + 25/− 0 mm. 

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4.2.3. 

Interpretation of results 

4.2.3.1.  The test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the ball does not pass through 

the glazing within five seconds from the moment of impact. 

4.2.3.2.  A set of test pieces submitted for component type-approval is considered satisfactory 
from the point of view of the 2 260-g-ball test if one of the following two conditions 
is met: 

4.2.3.2.1. 

all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

4.2.3.2.2. 

one test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be 

carried out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

4.3. 

227-g-ball test 

4.3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

4.3.2.  Number of test pieces 

20 square test pieces of 300 mm + 10/− 0 mm side are subjected to testing. 

4.3.3.  Test method 

4.3.3.1.  The  method  used  is  that  described  in  point  2.1  of  Annex  III  C.  10  specimens  are 
tested at a temperature of + 40 ± 2 °C and 10 at a temperature of − 20 ± 2 °C. 

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4.3.3.2.  The height of drop for the various thickness categories and the mass of the detached 

fragments are given in the table below: 

Thickness of test 
piece 

mm 

+ 40 °C 

− 20 °C 

Height of fall  Maximum 
permitted 
mass of the 
fragments 

Height of fall  Maximum 
permitted 
mass of the 
fragments 

e ≤ 4,5 

4,5 < e ≤ 5,5 

5,5 < e ≤ 6,5 

e > 6,5 

m (*) 

9 

10 

11 

12 

g 

12 

15 

20 

25 

m (*) 

8,5 

9 

9,5 

10 

g 

12 

15 

20 

25 

(*) 

A tolerance of + 25/− 0 mm is allowed in height of fall. 

4.3.4. 

Interpretation of results 

4.3.4.1.  the  test  is  considered  to  have  given  a  satisfactory  result  if  the  following  conditions 

are met: 

– 

– 

– 

the ball does not pass through the test piece, 

the test piece does not break into several pieces, 

if the interlayer is not torn, the weight of fragments detached from the side of 
the glass opposite to the point of impact must not exceed the appropriate values 
specified in point 4.3.3.2. 

4.3.4.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  the  227-g-ball  test  if  one  of  the  following 
conditions is met: 

4.3.4.2.1. 

not less than eight tests at each test temperature give a satisfactory result, or 

4.3.4.2.2. 

more  than  two  tests  at  each  test  temperature  having  given  an  unsatisfactory 
result, a further series of tests must be carried out on a new set of test pieces and give 
satisfactory results. 

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5. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT 

5.1. 

Test of resistance to abrasion 

5.1.1. 

Indices of difficulty and test method 

The requirements of point 4 of Annex III C apply, the test being continued for 1 000 
cycles. 

5.1.2. 

Interpretation of results 

The safety-glass pane is considered satisfactory with respect to abrasion resistance if 
the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2%. 

5.2. 

Test of resistance to high temperature 

The requirements of point 5 of Annex III C apply. 

5.3. 

Resistance-to-radiation test 

5.3.1.  General requirement 

This  test  is  performed  only  if  the  laboratory  deems  it  useful  in  the  light  of  the 
information in its possession concerning the interlayer. 

5.3.2.  The requirements of point 6 of Annex III C apply. 

5.4. 

Resistance-to-humidity test 

The requirements of point 7 of Annex III C apply. 

6. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in point 9 of Annex III C apply 
to every type of windscreen. 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III G 

LAMINATED-GLASS PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS14 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Laminated-glass  panes  other  than  windscreens  are  deemed  to  belong  to  different 
types  if  they  differ  in  at  least  one  of  the  following  principal  or  secondary 
characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the  thickness  category  of  the  pane  in  which  the  nominal  thickness  ‘e’  lies,  a 
manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 n mm, (n being the number of layers of glass in the 
pane) being allowed: 

– 

– 

– 

category I: 

e ≤ 5,5 mm, 

category II: 

5,5 mm < 

e ≤ 6,5 mm, 

category III: 

6,5 mm < 

e 

1.1.3. 

the nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers; 

1.1.4. 

the nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers, e.g. PVB or other plastic-material 
interlayer or interlayers; 

1.1.5. 

any special treatment which one of the layers of glass may have undergone. 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

the nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

the colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted). 

2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

In the case of laminated-glass panes other than windscreens, the tests are conducted 
on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual glass panes or are specially made. 
In either case the test pieces must in all respects be rigorously representative of the 
glass panes for the production of which component type-approval is sought. 

14 

This type of laminated glass pane can also be used for windscreens for tractors. 

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2.2. 

2.3. 

Before each test, the test pieces of laminated glass must be stored for not less than 
4 hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests are performed on the test pieces as 
soon as the pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

The provisions  of  this  Annex are considered to be met if the glazing  submitted for 
component  type-approval  is  of  the  same  composition  as  a  windscreen  already 
approved under the provisions of Annex III F, III H or III I. 

3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Number of test pieces 

Six  flat  test  pieces  measuring  1 100  ×  500  mm  (+  25/−  0  mm)  are  subjected  to 
testing. 

3.3. 

Test method 

3.3.1.  The method used is that described in point 3 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.  The height of drop is 1,50 m + 0/− 5 mm. This is increased to 4 m + 25/− 0 mm for 

glass panes used as tractor windscreens. 

3.4. 

Interpretation of results 

3.4.1.  This test is deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are 

met: 

3.4.1.1.  the  test  piece  yields  and  breaks,  displaying  numerous  circular  cracks  centred 

approximately on the point of impact; 

3.4.1.2.  tears in the interlayer are allowed, but the manikin's head must not pass through; 

3.4.1.3.  no large fragments of glass become detached from the interlayer. 

3.4.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  subjected  to  component  type-approval  testing  are  considered 
satisfactory from the point of view of the headform test if one of the following two 
conditions is met: 

3.4.2.1.  all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.4.2.2.  a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be carried 

out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

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4. 

MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST — 227-G-BALL TEST 

4.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

4.2. 

Number of test pieces 

Four flat square test pieces of side 300 mm (+ 10/− 0 mm) must be subjected to tests. 

4.3. 

Test method 

4.3.1.  The method used is that described in point 2.1 of Annex III C. 

4.3.2.  The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) 

is as indicated in the following table as a function of nominal thickness: 

Nominal thickness 

Height of drop 

e ≤ 5,5 mm 

5,5 mm ≤ e ≤ 6,5 mm 

6,5 mm ≤ e 

5 m 

6 m 

7 m 

+ 25 mm/− 0 mm 

4.4. 

Interpretation of results 

4.4.1.  The test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 

are met: 

– 

– 

– 

the ball does not pass through the test piece, 

the test piece does not break into several fragments, 

the  total  weight  of  the  few  fragments  which  may  be  produced  on  the  side 
opposite to the point of impact does not exceed 15 g. 

4.4.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  subjected  to  component  type-approval  testing  are  considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  mechanical  strength  if  one  of  the  following 
conditions is met: 

4.4.2.1.  all the tests have given a satisfactory result, or 

4.4.2.2.  not more than two tests having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests 
must be carried out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

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5. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT 

5.1. 

Test of resistance to abrasion 

5.1.1. 

Indices of difficulty and test method 

The requirements of point 4 of Annex III C apply, the test being continued for 1 000 
cycles. 

5.1.2. 

Interpretation of results 

The  safety-glass  pane  is  considered  satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  abrasion 
resistance if the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 
2 %. 

5.2. 

Test of resistance to high temperature 

The requirements of point 5 of Annex III C apply. 

5.3. 

Resistance-to-radiation test 

5.3.1.  General requirement 

This  test  is  performed  only  if  the  laboratory  deems  it  useful  in  the  light  of  the 
information in its possession concerning the interlayer. 

5.3.2.  The requirements of point 6 of Annex III C apply. 

5.4. 

Resistance-to-humidity test 

5.4.1.  The requirements of point 7 of Annex III C apply. 

6. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

6.1. 

Light transmittance 

The  provisions  concerning  the  regular  light  transmittance  set  out  in  point  9.1  of 
Annex  III  C  apply  to  glass  panes  other  than  windscreens,  or  parts  of  glass  panes 
located at places which are essential to the driver's vision. 

_____________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III H 

TREATED LAMINATED-GLASS WINDSCREENS 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Treated laminated-glass windscreens are deemed to belong to different types if they 
differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the shape and dimensions. 

Treated  laminated-glass  windscreens  are  deemed  to  belong  to  one  group  for  the 
purposes  of  the  fragmentation,  mechanical  properties  and  resistance  to  the 
environment tests; 

1.1.3. 

the number of layers of glass; 

1.1.4. 

the nominal thickness ‘e’ of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of 0,2 n mm, 
(n  being  the  number  of  layers  of  glass  in  the  windscreen)  above  and  below  the 
nominal value being allowed; 

1.1.5. 

any special treatment which one or more layers of glass may have undergone; 

1.1.6. 

the nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers; 

1.1.7. 

the nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers (e.g. PVB or other plastic-material 
interlayer or interlayers). 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

the nature of the material (polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

the colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.4. 

the incorporation or absence of conductors, 

1.2.5. 

the incorporation or absence of obscuration bands. 

2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

In the case of treated laminated-glass windscreens, tests other than the headform test 
on  a  complete  windscreen  and  tests  of  optical  qualities  are  conducted  on  samples 

EN 

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and/or  flat  test  pieces  which  are  specially  made  for  the  purpose.  However,  the  test 
pieces must in all respects be rigorously representative of the production windscreens 
for which component type-approval is sought. 

2.2. 

Before each test, the test pieces or samples must be stored for not less than 4 hours at 
a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests must take place as soon as possible after the test 
pieces or samples have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

3. 

TESTS PRESCRIBED 

Treated laminated-glass windscreens are to be subjected to: 

3.1. 

the tests prescribed in Annex III F for ordinary laminated-glass windscreens, 

3.2. 

the fragmentation test described in point 4 below. 

4. 

FRAGMENTATION TEST 

4.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

Material 

Index of difficulty 

Plate glass 

Float glass 

Sheet glass 

2 

1 

1 

4.2. 

Number of test pieces or samples 

One test piece measuring 1 100 × 500 mm (+ 5/− 2 mm) or one sample for each point 
of impact is subjected to testing. 

4.3. 

Test method 

The method used is that described in point 1 of Annex III C. 

4.4. 

Impact point or points 

The glass pane is struck on each of the outer treated sheets in the centre of the test 
piece or sample. 

4.5. 

Interpretation of results 

4.5.1.  For  each  point  of  impact  the  fragmentation  test  is  considered  to  have  given  a 
satisfactory result if the total surface of fragments having a surface area of more than 
2 cm2  comprised  in  a  rectangle  as  defined  in  point  2.3.2  of  Annex  III  D  represents 
not less than 15% of the surface of that rectangle. 

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4.5.1.1.  In the case of a sample: 

4.5.1.1.1. 

the centre of the rectangle is situated within a circle having a radius of 10 cm 
centred on the projection of the reference point as defined in point 1.2 of the Annex 
‘field of vision’ to Directive [74/347/EEC]. 

4.5.1.1.2. 

In  the  case  of  tractors  for  which  it  is  not  possible  to  determine  the  reference 

point, the position of the visibility zone must be indicated in the test report. 

4.5.1.1.3. 

The  height  of  the  rectangle  may  be  reduced  to  15  cm  for  windscreens  which 
are  less  than  44  cm  high  or  whose  angle  of  installation  is  less  than  15°  from  the 
vertical; the percentage of visibility must be equal to 10% at least of the area of the 
corresponding rectangle. 

4.5.1.2.  In the case of a test piece, the centre of the rectangle must be situated on the greater 

axis of the test piece at 450 mm from one of its edges. 

4.5.2.  The test piece(s) or sample(s) submitted for component type-approval are considered 
satisfactory  from  the  point  of  view  of  fragmentation  if  either  of  the  following 
conditions is met: 

4.5.2.1.  the test gives a satisfactory result for each point of impact, or 

4.5.2.2.  the test having been repeated on a new set of four test pieces for each point of impact 
for  which  it  had  originally  given  an  unsatisfactory  result,  the  four  new  tests 
performed at the same impact points must all give a satisfactory result. 

__________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III I 

SAFETY-GLASS PANES FACED WITH PLASTIC MATERIAL ON THE INSIDE 

1. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Safety glazing materials, as defined in Annexes III D to III H, if coated on the inner 
face  with  a  layer  of  plastic  material,  must  conform  not  only  to  the  requirements  of 
the appropriate Annexes but also to the following requirements. 

2. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO ABRASION 

2.1. 

Indices of difficulty and test method 

The plastic coating is to be subjected to a test for 100 cycles in accordance with the 
requirements specified in point 4 of Annex III C. 

2.2. 

Interpretation of results 

The  plastic  coating  is  considered  satisfactory  with  respect  to  abrasion  resistance  if 
the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 4 %. 

3. 

RESISTANCE-TO-HUMIDITY TEST 

3.1. 

In  the  case  of  plastic-coated  toughened  safety  glazing  material  a  resistance-to-
humidity test is to be performed. 

3.2. 

The requirements of point 7 of Annex III C apply. 

4. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES 

The requirements of point 8 of Annex III C apply. 

5. 

FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST 

The requirements of point 10 of Annex III C apply. 

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6. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS 

The requirements of point 11 of Annex III C apply. 

_______________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III J 

GLASS-PLASTIC WINDSCREENS 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Glass-plastic windscreens are considered to belong to different types if they differ in 
at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the shape and dimensions. 

Glass-plastic windscreens are deemed to belong to a group for the purposes of tests 
of  mechanical  strength,  resistance  to  the  environment,  resistance  to  temperature 
changes and resistance to chemical agents; 

1.1.3. 

the number of plastic layers; 

1.1.4. 

the nominal thickness ‘e’ of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of ± 0,2 mm 
being allowed; 

1.1.5. 

the nominal thickness of the layer of glass; 

1.1.6. 

the nominal thickness of the layer(s) of plastic acting as interlayer(s); 

1.1.7. 

the nature and type of the layer(s) of plastic acting as interlayer(s) (e. g. PVB or other 
material) and of the plastic layer situated on the inner face; 

1.1.8. 

any special treatment the glass pane may have undergone. 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

the nature of the material (plate glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

the colouring (total or partial) of any layer(s) of plastic (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.4. 

the incorporation or absence of conductors, 

1.2.5. 

the incorporation or absence of obscuration bands. 

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2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

In  the  case  of  glass-plastic  windscreens,  tests  other  than  headform  tests  (3.2)  and 
tests of  optical  qualities are conducted on flat  test pieces which are either cut from 
actual  windscreens  or  are  specially  made  for  the  purpose.  In  either  case  the  test 
pieces must in all respects be rigorously representative of the production windscreens 
for which component type-approval is sought. 

2.2. 

Before  each  test,  the  test  pieces  must  be  stored  for  not  less  than  4  hours  at  a 
temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests must take place as soon as possible after the test 
pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Headform test on a complete windscreen 

3.2.1.  Number of samples 

Four  samples  from  the  series  having  the  smallest  developed  area  and  four  samples 
from  the  series  having  the  largest  developed  area,  selected  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions of Annex III M, are tested. 

3.2.2.  Test method 

3.2.2.1.  The method used is that described in point 3.3.2 of Annex III C. 

3.2.2.2.  The height of drop is 1,50 m + 0/− 5 mm. 

3.2.3 

Interpretation of results 

3.2.3.1.  This test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 

are met: 

3.2.3.1.1. 

the  layer  of  glass  breaks,  displaying  numerous  circular  cracks  centred 
approximately on the point of impact, the cracks nearest to the point of impact being 
not more than 80 mm from it; 

3.2.3.1.2. 

the  layer  of  glass  remains  adhering  to  the  plastic  material  interlayer.  One  or 
more partial separations from the interlayer not more than 4 mm in breadth may be 
allowed on either side of the crack outside a circle 60 mm in diameter centred on the 
point of impact; 

3.2.3.1.3. 

a tear in the interlayer of a length up to 35 mm is allowed on the impact side. 

3.2.3.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory with respect to the headform test if one of the following two conditions 
is met: 

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3.2.3.2.1. 

all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.2.3.2.2. 

a  test  having  given  an  unsatisfactory  result,  a  further  series  of  tests  must  be 

carried out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

3.3. 

Headform test on flat test pieces 

3.3.1.  Number of test pieces 

Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 × 500 mm (+ 5/− 2 mm) are subjected to testing. 

3.3.2 

Test method 

3.3.2.1.  The method used is that described in point 3.3.1 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.2.  The height of drop is 4 m + 25/− 0 mm. 

3.3.3 

Interpretation of results 

3.3.3.1.  This test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 

are met: 

3.3.3.1.1. 

the  layer  of  glass  yields  and  breaks,  displaying  numerous  circular  cracks 

centred approximately on the point of impact; 

3.3.3.1.2. 

tears  in  the  interlayer  are  allowed,  but  the  manikin's  head  must  not  pass 

through; 

3.3.3.1.3. 

no large fragment of glass becomes detached from the interlayer. 

3.3.3.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory  with  respect  to  the  headform  test  if  one  of  the  following  conditions  is 
met: 

3.3.3.2.1. 

all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.3.3.2.2. 

a  test  having  given  an  unsatisfactory  result,  a  further  series  of  tests  must  be 

carried out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

4. 

MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST 

4.1. 

Indices of difficulty, test method and interpretation of results 

The requirements of point 4 of Annex III F apply. 

4.2. 

However the third requirement set out in point 4.3.4.1 of Annex III F is not relevant. 

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5. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT 

5.1. 

Test of resistance to abrasion 

5.1.1.  Test of resistance to abrasion on the outer face 

5.1.1.1.  The requirements of point 5.1 of Annex III F apply. 

5.1.2 

Test of resistance to abrasion on the inner face 

5.1.2.1.  The requirements of point 2 of Annex III I apply. 

5.2. 

Test of resistance to high temperature 

The requirements of point 5 of Annex III C apply. 

5.3. 

Resistance-to-radiation test 

The requirements of point 6 of Annex III C apply. 

5.4. 

Resistance-to-humidity test 

The requirements of point 7 of Annex III C apply. 

5.5. 

Test of resistance to temperature changes 

The requirements of point 8 of Annex III C apply. 

6. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in point 9 of Annex III C apply 
to each type of windscreen. 

7. 

FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST 

The requirements of point 10 of Annex III C apply. 

8. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS 

The requirements of point 11 of Annex III C apply. 

___________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III K 

GLASS-PLASTIC PANES OTHER THAN WINDSCREENS15 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Glass-plastic  panes  other  than  windscreens  are  considered  to  belong  to  different 
types  if  they  differ  in  at  least  one  of  the  following  principal  or  secondary 
characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the  thickness  category  applicable  to  the  nominal  thickness  ‘e’,  a  manufacturing 
tolerance of ± 0,2 mm being allowed: 

– 

– 

– 

category I: 

e ≤ 3,5 mm 

category II: 

3,5 mm < e ≤ 4,5 mm 

category III: 

4,5 mm < e 

1.1.3. 

the nominal thickness of the layer(s) of plastic material acting as interlayer(s); 

1.1.4. 

the nominal thickness of the glass pane; 

1.1.5. 

the type of the layer(s) of plastic material acting as interlayer(s) (e.g. PVB or other 
material) and of the plastic layer on the inner face; 

1.1.6. 

any special treatment which the layer of glass may have undergone. 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are as follows: 

1.2.1. 

the nature of the material (plate glass, float glass, sheet glass), 

1.2.2. 

the colouring (total or partial) of any layer(s) of plastic (colourless or tinted), 

1.2.3. 

the colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted). 

2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

In the case of glass-plastic panes other than windscreens the tests are conducted on 
flat test pieces which are either cut from normal glass panes or are specially made. In 

15 

This type of glass-plastic pane can also be used for windscreens for tractors. 

EN 

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2.2. 

2.3. 

either  case  the  test  pieces  must  in  all  respects  be  rigorously  representative  of  the 
production glass panes for which component type-approval is sought. 

Before each test, the test pieces of glass-plastic panes must be stored for not less than 
4 hours at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests must take place as soon as possible 
after the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

The provisions of this Annex are considered to be met if the glass pane submitted for 
component type-approval has the same composition as that of a windscreen already 
approved under the provisions of Annex III J. 

3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Number of test pieces 

Six flat test pieces measuring 1 100 × 500 mm (+ 5/− 2 mm) are subjected to testing. 

3.3. 

Test method 

3.3.1.  The method used is that described in point 3 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.  The  height  of  drop  is  1,50 m  +  0/− 5 mm.  (This  height  is  increased  to 

4 m + 25/− 0 mm for glass panes used as tractor windscreens.) 

3.4. 

Interpretation of results 

3.4.1.  This test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 

are met: 

3.4.1.1.  the layer of glass breaks, displaying numerous cracks; 

3.4.1.2.  tears  in  the  interlayer  are  allowed,  provided  that  the  manikin's  head  does  not  pass 

through the test piece; 

3.4.1.3.  no large fragment of glass becomes detached from the interlayer. 

3.4.2.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory  with  respect  to  the  headform  test  if  one  of  the  following  conditions  is 
met: 

3.4.2.1.  all the tests give satisfactory results, or 

3.4.2.2.  a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be carried 

out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

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4. 

MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST — 227-G-BALL TEST 

4.1. 

The  provisions  of  point  4  of  Annex  III  G  apply,  with  the  exception  of  the  table  in 
point 4.3.2, which is replaced by: 

Nominal thickness 

Height of drop 

e ≤ 3,5 mm 

3,5 mm < e ≤ 4,5 mm 

e > 4,5 mm 

5 m 

6 m 

7 m 

+ 25/− 0 mm 

4.2. 

However  the  requirement  in  the  third  indent  of  point  4.4.1  of  Annex  III  G  is  not 
relevant. 

5. 

TEST OF RESISTANCE TO THE ENVIRONMENT 

5.1. 

Test of resistance to abrasion 

5.1.1.  Test of resistance to abrasion on the outer face 

The requirements of point 5.1 of Annex III G apply. 

5.1.2.  Test of resistance to abrasion on the inner face 

The requirements of point 2.1 of Annex III I apply. 

5.2. 

Test of resistance to high temperature 

The requirements of point 5 of Annex III C apply. 

5.3. 

Resistance-to-radiation test 

The requirements of point 6 of Annex III C apply. 

5.4. 

Resistance-to-humidity test 

The requirements of point 7 of Annex III C apply. 

5.5. 

Test of resistance to temperature changes 

The requirements of point 8 of Annex III C apply. 

6. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

The  requirements  concerning  the  regular  light  transmittance  set  out  in  point 9.1  of 
Annex III C apply to glass panes or parts of glass panes located at places which are 
essential to the driver's vision. 

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7. 

FIRE-RESISTANCE TEST 

The requirements of point 10 of Annex III C apply. 

8. 

TEST RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS 

The requirements of point 11 of Annex III C apply. 

______________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III L 

DOUBLE-GLAZED UNITS 

1. 

DEFINITION OF TYPE 

Double-glazed  units  are  considered  to  belong  to  different  types  if  they  differ  in  at 
least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics. 

1.1. 

The principal characteristics are as follows: 

1.1.1. 

the trade name or mark; 

1.1.2. 

the composition of the double-glazed unit (symmetrical, asymmetrical); 

1.1.3. 

the type of each component glass pane as defined in point 1 of Annex III E, III G or 
III K; 

1.1.4. 

the nominal width of the gap between the two glass panes; 

1.1.5. 

the type of sealing (organic, or glass to glass/glass to metal). 

1.2. 

The secondary characteristics are: 

1.2.1.  The secondary characteristics of each component glass pane, as defined in point 1.2 

of Annex III E, III G or III K. 

2. 

GENERAL 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

Each  component  glass  pane  forming  the  double-glazed  unit  must  either  be  type-
approved or subjected to the requirements set out in the relevant Annex (III E, III G 
or III K). 

Tests  carried  out  on  double-glazed  units  having  a  nominal  width  of  gap  “e”  are 
considered to be applicable to all double-glazed units having the same characteristics 
and a nominal width of gap “e” ± 3 mm. However, the applicant for component type-
approval may submit for the tests the sample having the smallest gap and the sample 
having the largest gap. 

In  the  case  of  double-glazed  units  having  at  least  one  laminated-glass  pane  or  one 
glass-plastic pane, the test pieces are stored for at least 4 hours prior to the test at a 
temperature of 23 ± 2 °C. The tests must take place immediately after the test pieces 
are taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored. 

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3. 

HEADFORM TEST 

3.1. 

Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics 

No secondary characteristic is involved. 

3.2. 

Number of test pieces 

Six test pieces measuring 1 100 mm × 500 mm (+ 5/− 22 mm) subjected to testing 
for  each  thickness  category  of  the  component  panes  and  each  gap  thickness  as 
defined in point 1.1.4 above. 

3.3. 

Test method 

3.3.1.  The method used is that described in point 3 of Annex III C. 

3.3.2.  The height of drop is 1,5 m (+ 0/− 5 mm). 

3.3.3. 

In the case of asymmetrical double-glazing three tests on each side shall be carried 
out. 

3.4. 

Interpretation of results 

3.4.1.  Double glazing comprising two panes of uniformly toughened glass. 

The test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if both components break. 

3.4.2.  Double glazing comprising two panes of laminated glass other than windscreens. 

The test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 
are fulfilled: 

3.4.2.1.  both  components  of  the  test  piece  yield  and  break,  displaying  numerous  circular 

cracks centred approximately on the point of impact; 

3.4.2.2.  tears in the interlayers are allowed but the manikin's head must not pass through; 

3.4.2.3.  no large fragments of glass become detached from the interlayer. 

3.4.3.  Double glazing consisting of a uniformly toughened glass pane and of a laminated-

glass pane or glass-plastic pane other than windscreens. 

This test is considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions 
are met: 

3.4.3.1.  the toughened-glass pane breaks; 

3.4.3.2.  the  laminated-glass  pane  or  glass-plastic  pane  yields  and  breaks,  displaying 

numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact; 

3.4.3.3.  tears in the interlayer(s) are allowed provided that the manikin's head does not pass 

through the test piece; 

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3.4.3.4.  no large fragment of glass becomes detached from the interlayer. 

3.4.4.  A  set  of  test  pieces  submitted  for  component  type-approval  are  considered 
satisfactory with respect to behaviour under head impact if one of the following two 
conditions is met: 

3.4.4.1.  all the tests give satisfactory results; 

3.4.4.2.  a test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests must be carried 

out on a new set of test pieces and give satisfactory results. 

4. 

OPTICAL QUALITIES 

The  requirement  concerning  the  regular  light  transmittance  set  out  in  point 9.1  of 
Annex III C apply to double-glazed units or parts of double-glazed units located at 
places which are essential to the driver's vision. 

_______________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III M 

GROUPING OF WINDSCREENS FOR COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL TESTING 

1. 

The features taken into account are: 

1.1. 

the developed area of the windscreen; 

1.2. 

the height of segment; 

1.3. 

the curvature. 

2. 

3. 

A group is made up of a thickness class. 

Classification  is  performed  in  ascending  order  of  developed  area.  The  five  largest 
and the five smallest developed areas are selected, and numbered as follows: 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

for the largest 

for the next smallest after 1 

for the next smallest after 2 

for the next smallest after 3 

for the next smallest after 4 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

for the smallest 

for the next largest after 1 

for the next largest after 2 

for the next largest after 3 

for the next largest after 4 

4. 

Within  each  of  the  two  series  defined  in  point  3  above,  the  heights  of  segment  are 
indicated as follows: 

1 

2 

3 

for the greatest height of segment, 

for the next smallest, 

for the next smallest, etc. 

5. 

Within  each  of  the  two  series  defined  in  point  3  above,  the  radii  of  curvature  are 
indicated as follows: 

1 

2 

3 

for the smallest radius of curvature, 

for the next greatest, 

for the next greatest, etc. 

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6. 

6.1. 

6.2 

7. 

8. 

9. 

9.1. 

The numbers awarded to each windscreen in the two series defined in point 3 above 
are added together. 

That  windscreen  among  the  five  largest  which  has  the  smallest  total  and  that 
windscreen among the five smallest which has the smallest total are selected for the 
full tests defined in Annex III D, III F, III H, III I or III J. 

The  other  windscreens  in  the  same  series  are  tested  to  verify  the  optical  qualities 
defined in point 9 of Annex III C. 

A few windscreens having significantly different parameters of shape and/or radius 
of  curvature  from  the  extremes  of  the  selected  group  may  also  be  tested  if  the 
technical  service  conducting  the  tests  considers  that  the  parameters  in  question  are 
likely to have appreciable adverse effects. 

The  limits  of  the  group  are  determined  by  developed  area  of  windscreen.  Where  a 
windscreen submitted for component type-approval has a developed area outside the 
approved limits and/or has a significantly greater height of segment or a significantly 
smaller  radius  of  curvature,  it  is  considered  to  be  of  a  new  type  and  subjected  to 
additional tests if the technical service deems such tests technically necessary, having 
regard  to  the  information  already  in  its  possession  concerning  the  product  and  the 
material used. 

Should any other windscreen model subsequently be manufactured by the holder of 
component type-approval in a thickness class already approved: 

it must be ascertained whether that model can be included among the five largest or 
the five smallest selected for component type-approval of the group in question; 

9.2. 

numbering by the procedures defined in points 3, 4 and 5 above is performed again; 

9.3. 

if the sum of the numbers awarded to the windscreen newly incorporated among the 
five largest or the five smallest windscreens: 

9.3.1. 

is found to be the smallest, the following tests are performed: 

9.3.1.1.  toughened-glass windscreen: 

9.3.1.1.1. 

fragmentation, 

9.3.1.1.2. 

headform impact, 

9.3.1.1.3. 

optical distortion, 

9.3.1.1.4. 

secondary-image separation, 

9.3.1.1.5. 

light transmission; 

9.3.1.2.  laminated-glass or glass-plastic windscreen: 

9.3.1.2.1. 

headform impact, 

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9.3.1.2.2. 

optical distortion, 

9.3.1.2.3. 

secondary-image separation, 

9.3.1.2.4. 

light transmission; 

9.3.1.3.  Treated laminated-glass windscreen: the tests specified in points 9.3.1.1.1, 9.3.1.1.2 

and 9.3.1.2; 

9.3.1.4.  Plastic-faced windscreen: the tests specified in point 9.3.1.1 or 9.3.1.2 as appropriate; 

9.3.2. 

is  found  not  to  be  the  smallest,  only  the  tests  prescribed  for  verifying  the  optical 
qualities defined in point 9 of Annex III C. 

__________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III N 

MEASUREMENT OF THE HEIGHTS OF SEGMENT AND POSITION OF THE 
POINTS OF IMPACT 

Figure 1 

Determination of height of segment, h 

For a glass pane with a single curve, the height of segment will be h1 maximum. 

For a glass pane with a double curve, the height of segment will be h1 + h2 maximum. 

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Figure 2 

Prescribed points of impact for windscreens 

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Figures 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) 

Prescribed points of impact for uniformly toughened-glass panes 

The points ‘2’ shown in Figures 3 (a), 3 (b) and 3 (c) are examples of the sites for point ‘2’ 
prescribed in point 2.5 of Annex III E. 

_____________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX III O 

CHECKS ON CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

1. 

DEFINITIONS 

For the purposes of this Annex: 

1.1. 

‘type of product’ means all glass panes having the same principal characteristics; 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

1.7. 

‘thickness  class’  means  all  glass  panes  having  the  thickness  of  component  parts 
within the permitted tolerances; 

‘production  unit’  means  all  production  facilities  of  one  or  several  types  of  glass 
panes established in the same place; it may include several production lines; 

‘shift’ means a period of production carried out by the same production line during 
daily working hours; 

‘production  run’  means  a  continuous  period  of  production  of  the  same  type  of 
product in the same shift; 

‘Ps’ means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced by the 
same shift; 

‘Pr’ means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced during a 
production run. 

2. 

TESTS 

The glass panes are subjected to the following tests: 

2.1. 

Toughened-glass windscreens 

2.1.1.  Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of point 2 of Annex III D. 

2.1.2.  Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of point 9.1 of 

Annex III C. 

2.1.3.  Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.2 of Annex III 

C. 

2.1.4.  Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.3 of 

Annex III C. 

2.2. 

Uniformly toughened glass panes 

2.2.1.  Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of point 2 of Annex III E. 

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2.2.2.  Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of point 9.1 of 

Annex III C. 

2.2.3. 

In the case of glass panes used as windscreens: 

2.2.3.1.  Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.2 of Annex III 

C. 

2.2.3.2.  Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.3 of 

Annex III C. 

2.3. 

Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens and glass-plastic windscreens 

2.3.1.  Headform test in accordance with the requirements of point 3 of Annex III F. 

2.3.2. 

2 260-g-ball test in accordance with the requirements of point 4.2 of Annex III F and 
point 2.2 of Annex III C. 

2.3.3.  Test of resistance to high temperature in accordance with the requirements of point 5 

of Annex III C. 

2.3.4.  Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of point 9.1 of 

Annex III C. 

2.3.5.  Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.2 of Annex III 

C. 

2.3.6.  Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of point 9.3 of 

Annex III C. 

2.3.7. 

In the case of glass-plastic windscreens only: 

2.3.7.1.  Test  of  resistance  to  abrasion  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point 2.1  of 

Annex III I. 

2.3.7.2.  Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of point 3 of Annex 

III I. 

2.3.7.3.  Test  of  resistance  to  chemicals  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point 11  of 

Annex III C. 

2.4. 

Ordinary laminated-glass and glass-plastic panes other than windscreens 

2.4.1. 

227-g-ball impact test in accordance with the requirements of point 4 of Annex III G. 

2.4.2.  Test of resistance to high temperature in accordance with the requirements of point 5 

of Annex III C. 

2.4.3.  Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of point 9.1 of 

Annex III C. 

2.4.4. 

In the case of glass-plastic panes only: 

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2.4.4.1.  Test  of  resistance  to  abrasion  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point  2.1  of 

Annex III I. 

2.4.4.2.  Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of point 3 of Annex 

III I. 

2.4.4.3.  Test  of  resistance  to  chemicals  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point 11  of 

Annex III C. 

2.4.5.  The above provisions are considered to be met if the corresponding tests have been 

carried out on a windscreen of the same composition. 

2.5. 

Treated laminated-glass windscreens 

2.5.1. 

In addition to the tests described in point 2.3, a fragmentation test is to be carried out 
in accordance with the requirements of point 4 of Annex III H. 

2.6. 

Glass panes faced with plastic material 

In addition to the tests prescribed in the various points of this Annex, the following 
tests are to be carried out: 

2.6.1.  Tests  of  resistance  to  abrasion  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point  2.1  of 

Annex III I. 

2.6.2.  Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of point 3 of Annex 

III I. 

2.6.3.  Test  of  resistance  to  chemicals  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  point 11  of 

Annex III C. 

2.7. 

Double-glazed units 

The  tests  to  be  performed  are  those  specified  in  this  Annex  for  each  glass  pane 
composing  the  double-glazed  unit,  with  the  same  frequency  and  the  same 
requirements. 

3. 

FREQUENCY OF TESTS AND RESULTS 

3.1. 

Fragmentation 

3.1.1.  Tests 

3.1.1.1.  A  first  series  of  tests  consisting  of  a  break  at  each  impact  point  specified  by  this 
Directive  are  to  be  carried  out  with  photographic  prints  at  the  beginning  of  the 
production of each new type of glass pane to determine the most severe break point. 

However, for toughened-glass windscreens, this first series of tests are to be carried 
out only if the annual production of this type of glass pane exceeds 200 units. 

3.1.1.2.  During the production run the check test is to be carried out using the break point as 

determined in point 3.1.1.1. 

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3.1.1.3.  A check is to be carried out at the beginning of each production run or following a 

change of colour. 

3.1.1.4.  During  the  production  run  the  check  tests  are  to  be  carried  out  at  the  following 

minimum frequency: 

Toughened-glass windscreens 

Toughened-glass panes 
other than windscreens 

Treated laminated-
glass windscreens 

Ps ≤ 200: 

Ps > 200: 

one  break  per 
production run 

one  break  every 
four  hours  of 
production 

Pr ≤ 500: 

one per shift 

0,1% per type 

Pr > 500: 

two per shift 

3.1.1.5.  A check test is to be carried out at the end of the production run on one of the last 

glass panes manufactured. 

3.1.1.6.  for Pr < 20, only one fragmentation test per production run need be carried out. 

3.1.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded, including the results without photographic print. 

In  addition,  a  photographic  contact  print  must  be  made  once  per  shift,  except  for 
Pr ≤ 500. In this last case only one photographic contact print is made per production 
run. 

3.2. 

Headform impact test 

3.2.1.  Tests 

The check is to be carried out on samples corresponding to at least 0,5% of the daily 
production  of  laminated-glass  windscreens  of  one  production  line.  A  maximum  of 
15 windscreens per day are tested. 

The choice of samples must be representative of the production of the various types 
of windscreen. 

With the agreement of the administrative service, these tests may be replaced by the 
2 260-g-ball impact test (see point 3.3. below). Behaviour under head impact must in 
any event be checked on at least two samples for each thickness class per year. 

3.2.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

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3.3. 

2 260-g-ball impact test 

3.3.1.  Tests 

The  minimum  frequency  for  the  check  is  one  complete  test  per  month  for  each 
thickness class. 

3.3.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

3.4. 

227-g-ball impact test 

3.4.1.  Tests 

The test pieces are to be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons, the tests 
may be carried out on finished products, or on parts of them. 

The check is  to be carried  out on  a sampling corresponding to at least 0,5% of the 
production of one shift with a maximum of 10 samples per day. 

3.4.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

3.5. 

High temperature 

3.5.1.  Tests 

The test pieces are to be cut from samples. However, for practical reasons, the tests 
may  be  carried  out  on  finished  products  or  on  parts  of  them.  These  are  selected  so 
that all interlayers are tested proportionately to their use. 

The check is to be carried out on at least three samples per colour of interlayer taken 
from the daily production. 

3.5.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

3.6. 

Light transmission 

3.6.1.  Tests 

Representative samples of tinted finished products are to be submitted to this test. 

The  check  is  to  be  carried  out  at  least  at  the  beginning  of  every  production  run  if 
there is any change in the characteristics of the glass pane affecting the results of the 
test. 

Glass  panes  having  a  regular  light  transmission  measured  during  component  type-
approval of not less than 80% in the case of windscreens and not less than 75% in the 

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case  of  glass  panes  other  than  windscreens,  and  glass  panes  of  category  V  are 
exempted from this test. 

Alternatively, for toughened-glass panes, a certificate of compliance with the above 
requirements may be submitted by the glass supplier. 

3.6.2.  Results 

The value of light transmission is to be recorded. In addition, for windscreens with 
shade bands or obscuration bands, it must be verified, from the drawings referred to 
in point 3.2.1.2.2.3 of Annex III A that such bands are outside zone I′. 

3.7. 

Optical distortion and secondary-image separation 

3.7.1.  Tests 

Every windscreen is to be inspected for visual defects. In addition, using the methods 
specified or any method giving similar results, measurements are to be made in the 
various areas of vision at the following minimum frequencies: 

either where Ps ≤ 200, one sample per shift, 

or where Ps > 200, two samples per shift, 

or  1 %  of  the  whole  production,  the  samples  chosen  being  representative  for  all 
production. 

3.7.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

3.8. 

Resistance to abrasion 

3.8.1.  Tests 

Plastic-faced and glass-plastic panes only are to be subjected to this test. There must 
be at least one check per month and per type of plastic material facing or interlayer. 

3.8.2.  Results 

The measurement of the light scatter is to be recorded. 

3.9. 

Resistance to humidity 

3.9.1.  Tests 

Plastic-faced and glass-plastic panes only are to be subjected to this test. There must 
be at least one check per month and per type of plastic material facing or interlayer. 

3.9.2.  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

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3.10.  Resistance to chemicals 

3.10.1.  Tests 

Plastic-faced and glass-plastics panes only are to be subjected to this test. There must 
be at least one check per month and per type of plastic material facing or interlayer. 

3.10.2  Results 

All results must be recorded. 

______________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

ANNEX III P 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR IN RESPECT OF THE 
WINDSCREEN AND OTHER GLASS PANES 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ type-
approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their 
systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval No: ………………………… Extension No: …………………………………….. 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Make (name of undertaking) of tractor: …………………………………………………………………………… 

Type and where appropriate commercial name of tractor: .……………………………………………………… 

Name and address of manufacturer: ……………………………………………………………………………. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

4. 

Name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative (if any): …………………………………………. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Description of type of windscreen and other glass panes (toughened, laminated, plastic, glass-plastic flat, curved, 
etc.): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

EC component type-approval number of the windscreen and other panes: ……………………………………… 

Date on which tractor was submitted for EC type-approval: ……………………………………………………… 

Technical service responsible for type-approval: ………………………………………………………………. 

Date of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………………………………………... 

Number of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………................................................. 

EC component type-approval for the windscreen and other glass panes is granted/refused (1): 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

The following documents, bearing the EC type-approval number given above are attached to this document: 

……………………………….. dimensioned drawings; 

……………………………….. sketch or photograph of the windscreen and other glass panes in the tractor cab. 

These data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States at their specific request. 

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16. 

Remarks: …………………………………………….……………………………………..................................... 

………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………… 

………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

……………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….. 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

__________________ 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX IV 

MECHANICAL COUPLINGS BETWEEN TRACTOR AND TOWED VEHICLE AND 
VERTICAL LOAD ON THE COUPLING POINT 

1. 

DEFINITIONS 

1.1. 

‘Mechanical  coupling  between  tractor  and  towed  vehicle’  means  the  components 
installed on the tractor and on the towed vehicle in order to provide the mechanical 
coupling between those vehicles. 

Only mechanical coupling components for tractors are covered in this Directive. 

Among  the  various  types  of  mechanical  coupling  components  for  tractors  a  basic 
distinction is made between: 

– 

clevis type (see Figures 1 and 2 of Appendix 1), 

– 

towing hook (see Figure 1 – ‘Hitch-hook dimensions’ in ISO 6489-1:2001), 

(cid:208) 2006/26/EC Art. 4 and 
Annex IV pt. 3(a) 

– 

tractor drawbar (see Figure ⌦ 3 ⌫ of Appendix 1). 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

1.2. 

‘Type of mechanical coupling between tractor and towed vehicle’ means parts which 
do not differ from one another in such essential respects as: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

1.2.1. 

nature of mechanical coupling component, 

1.2.2. 

drawbar rings (40 mm and/or 50 mm diameter), 

1.2.3. 

external shape, dimensions or mode of operation (e.g. automatic or non-automatic), 

1.2.4.  material, 

1.2.5. 

value  of  D  as  defined  in  Appendix  2  for  the  test  performed  using  the  dynamic 
method  or  the  trailer  mass  as  defined  in  Appendix  3  for  tests  performed  using  the 
static method, and also the vertical load on the coupling point S. 

1.3. 

‘Reference centre of mechanical coupling’ means the point on the pin axis which is 
equidistant  from  the  wings  in  the  case  of  a  fork  and  the  point  resulting  from  the 
intersection of the plane of symmetry of the hook with the generatrix of the concave 

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1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

1.7. 

1.8. 

1.9. 

part  of  the  hook  at  the  level  of  contact  with  the  ring  when  this  is  in  the  traction 
position. 

‘Height  above  ground  of  mechanical  coupling  (h)’  means  the  distance  between  the 
horizontal  plane  through  the  reference  centre  of  the  mechanical  coupling  and  the 
horizontal plane on which the wheels of the tractor are resting. 

‘Projection  of  mechanical  coupling  (c)’  means  the  distance  between  the  reference 
centre of the mechanical coupling component and the vertical plane passing through 
the axle on which the rear wheels of the tractor are mounted. 

‘Vertical  load  on  the  coupling  point  (S)’  means  the  load  transmitted,  under  static 
conditions on the reference centre of the mechanical coupling. 

‘Automatic’ means a mechanical coupling component which closes and secures itself 
when the sliding mechanism for the drawbar rings is actuated, without further action. 

‘Wheelbase  of  tractor  (l)’  means  the  distance  between  the  vertical  planes 
perpendicular  to  the  median  longitudinal  plane  of  the  tractor  passing  through  the 
axles of the tractor. 

‘Weight on the front axle of the unladen tractor (ma)’ means that part of the weight of 
the tractor, which, under static conditions, is transmitted on the ground by the front 
axle of the tractor. 

2. 

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

The mechanical coupling components may be designed to function automatically or 
non-automatically. 

The mechanical coupling components on the tractor must conform to the dimensional 
and  strength  requirements  in  point  3.1  and  point  3.2  and  the  requirements  for  the 
vertical load on the coupling point in point 3.3. 

The mechanical coupling components must be so designed and made that in normal 
use  they  will  continue  to  function  satisfactorily  and  retain  the  characteristics 
prescribed by this Directive. 

All parts of mechanical coupling components must be made of materials of a quality 
sufficient  to  withstand  the  tests  referred  to  in  point  3.2.  and  must  have  durable 
strength characteristics. 

All the couplings and their locks must be easy to engage and release and must be so 
designed  that  under  normal  operating  conditions  no  accidental  de-coupling  is 
possible. 

In  automatic  coupling  components  the  locked  position  must  be  secured  in  a  form-
locking manner by two independently functioning safety devices. However, the latter 
may be released using the same control device. 

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2.6. 

2.7. 

The drawbar ring must be capable of tilting horizontally at least 60° on both sides of 
the longitudinal axis of a non-built-in coupling device. In addition, vertical mobility 
of 20° upwards and downwards is required at all times. (See also Appendix 1.) 

The angles of articulation must not be attained at the same time. 

The jaw must permit the drawbar rings to swivel axially at least 90° to the right or 
left around the longitudinal axis of the coupling with a fixed braking momentum of 
between 30 and 150 Nm. 

The  towing  hook  must  allow  the  drawbar  ring  to  swivel  axially  at  least  20°  to  the 
right or left around the longitudinal axis of the hook. 

(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 
(adapted) 

2.8. 

Provided  at  least  one  mechanical  coupling  has  received  EC  component  type-
approval, other types of mechanical link or coupling used in the Member States shall 
be  authorised  ⌦ until  15  February  2010 ⌫  without  invalidating  the  EC  type-
approval of the tractor ⌦ , on condition that the mounting thereof does not affect the 
partial approvals ⌫. 

2.9. 

In  order  to  prevent  unintentional  uncoupling  from  the  hitch  ring,  the  distance 
between  the  towing  hook  tip  and  the  keeper  (clamping  device)  shall  not  exceed 
10 mm at the maximum design load. 

(cid:208) 2006/26/EC Art. 4 and 
Annex IV pt. 3(b) 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

3. 

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 

3.1. 

Dimensions 

The dimensions of the mechanical coupling components on the tractor must comply 
with Appendix 1, Figures 1 ⌦ , 2 and 3 ⌫ . Any dimensions may be chosen if not 
shown in these figures. 

3.2. 

Strength 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

3.2.1.  For  the  purposes  of  checking  their  strength  the  mechanical  coupling  components 
must undergo a dynamic test under the conditions set out in Appendix 2 or a static 
test under the conditions set out in Appendix 3. 

3.2.2.  The test must not cause any permanent deformation, breaks or tears. 

EN 

159 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
3.3. 

Vertical load on the coupling point (S) 

3.3.1.  The  maximum  static  vertical  load  is  laid  down  by  the  manufacturer.  In  no  case, 

however, must it exceed 3 tonnes. 

3.3.2.  Conditions of acceptance: 

3.3.2.1.  The permissible static vertical load must not exceed the technically permissible static 
vertical load recommended by the manufacturer of the tractor nor the static vertical 
load laid down for the towing device pursuant to EC component type-approval. 

3.3.2.2.  The  requirements  of  point  2  of  Annex  [I]  to  Directive  [74/151/EEC]  must  be 
complied with, but the maximum load on the rear axle must not be exceeded. 

3.4. 

Height above the ground of the coupling device (h) 

(see figure below). 

3.4.1.  All  tractors  with  a  loaded  mass  exceeding  2,5  tonnes  must  be  fitted  with  a  trailer 
coupling having a ground clearance satisfying one of the following relations: 

(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

or 

EN 

160 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
where: 

mt:  mass of the tractor (see Annex I, point 1.6), 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

mlt:  mass  of  the  tractor  (see  Annex  I,  point  1.6)  with  ballast  weight  on  the  front 

axle, 

ma:  weight on the front axle of the unladen tractor (see Annex IV, point 1.9), 

mla:  weight  on  the  front  axle  of  the  tractor  (see  Annex  IV,  point  1.9)  with  ballast 

weight on the front axle, 

l: 

tractor wheelbase (see Annex IV, point 1.8), 

S: 

vertical load on the coupling point (see Annex IV, point 1.6), 

c: 

distance  between  the  reference  centre  of  the  mechanical  coupling  and  the 
vertical  plane  passing  through  the  axle  of  the  rear  wheels  of  the  tractor  (see 
Annex IV, point 1.5). 

4. 

APPLICATION FOR EC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL 

4.1. 

An  application  for  EC  component  type-approval  for  a  tractor  with  respect  to  the 
coupling  device  must  be  submitted  by  the  manufacturer  of  the  device  or  by  his 
authorised representative. 

4.2. 

For  each  type  of  mechanical  coupling  component  the  application  must  be 
accompanied by the following documents and particulars: 

– 

– 

– 

scale drawings of the coupling device (three copies). These drawings must in 
particular show the required dimensions in detail as well as the measurements 
for mounting the device, 

a  short  technical  description  of  the  coupling  device  specifying  the  type  of 
construction and the material used, 

a statement of the value of D as referred to in Appendix 2 for the dynamic test 
or the value of T (traction force) as referred to in Appendix 3 for the static test, 
and also the vertical load on the coupling point S, 

– 

one or more sample devices as required by the technical service. 

5. 

INSCRIPTIONS 

5.1. 

Every  mechanical  coupling  component  conforming 
EC component type-approval has been granted must bear the following inscriptions: 

type  for  which 

the 

to 

5.1.1. 

trade name or mark; 

EN 

161 

   EN 

 
 
5.1.2.  EC component type-approval mark conforming to the model in Appendix 4; 

5.1.3.  where the strength is checked in accordance with Appendix 2 (dynamic test): 

permissible value of D, 

static vertical load value of S; 

5.1.4.  where the strength is checked in accordance with Appendix 3 (static test): 

towable mass and vertical load on the coupling point, S. 

5.2. 

The data must be clearly visible, easily legible and durable. 

6. 

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE 

All  mechanical  couplings  must  be  accompanied  by  the  manufacturer's  instructions 
for  use.  These  instructions  must  include  the  EC  component  type-approved  number 
and  also  the  values  of  D  or  T  depending  on  which  test  was  performed  on  the 
coupling. 

EN 

162 

   EN 

 
Appendix 1 

DRAWINGS OF MECHANICAL COUPLING COMPONENTS 

(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 

Figure 1a 

Non-automatic trailer coupling, with cylindrical locking pin 

EN 

163 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Figure 1b 

Automatic trailer coupling, with cylindrical locking pin 

EN 

164 

   EN 

 
 
Figure 1c 

Automatic trailer coupling, with cambered locking pin 

EN 

165 

   EN 

 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Figure 2 

Non-automatic trailer coupling 

corresponds to ISO 6489 ⌦ Part 2 ⌫ of ⌦ July 2002 ⌫ 

EN 

166 

   EN 

 
 
 
Figure ⌦ 3 ⌫ 

Tractor drawbar 

corresponds ISO Standard 6489 ⌦ Part 3 of June 2004 ⌫ 

EN 

167 

   EN 

 
 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Appendix 2 

DYNAMIC TEST METHOD 

1. 

TEST PROCEDURE 

The strength of the mechanical coupling is to be established by alternating traction 
on a test bed. 

This  method  describes  the  fatigue  test  to  be  used  on  the  complete  mechanical 
coupling  device,  i.e.  when  fitted  with  all  the  parts  needed  for  its  installation  the 
mechanical coupling is mounted and tested on a test bed. 

The alternating forces are applied as far as possible sinusoidally (alternating and/or 
rising) with a load cycle depending on the material involved. No tears or breaks may 
occur during the test. 

2. 

TEST CRITERIA 

The horizontal force components in the longitudinal axis of the vehicle together with 
the vertical force components form the basis of the test loads. 

In so far as they are of secondary importance, horizontal force components at right 
angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and also moments are not to be taken 
into consideration. 

The  horizontal  force  components  in  the  longitudinal  axis  of  the  vehicle  are 
represented by a mathematically established representative force, the value D. 

The following equation applied to the mechanical coupling:  

D = g · (MT · MR)/(MT + MR) 

Where: 

MT  = 

the technically permissible total mass of the tractor, 

MR  = 

the technically permissible total mass of the towed vehicles, 

g 

= 

9,81 m/s2. 

The vertical force components at right angles to the track are expressed by the static 
vertical load S. 

The technically permissible loads are given by the manufacturer. 

EN 

168 

   EN 

 
 
3. 

TEST PROCEDURE 

3.1. 

General requirements 

The test force is applied to the mechanical coupling device being tested by means of 
an appropriate standard drawbar ring beneath an angle formed by the position of the 
vertical test load Fv vis-à-vis the horizontal test load Fh in the direction of the median 
longitudinal plane passing from top front to bottom rear. 

The  test  force  is  applied  at  the  usual  point  of  contact  between  the  mechanical 
coupling device and the drawbar ring. 

The play between the coupling device and the ring must be kept to a minimum. 

In principle the test force is applied in an alternating manner around the zero point. 
With an alternating test force the resulting load is equal to zero. 

Should the design of the coupling device (e.g. excessive play, towing hook) make it 
impossible to carry out the test with an alternating test load, the test load may also be 
applied  on  a  rising  basis  in  the  direction  of  traction  or  pressure,  whichever  is  the 
greater. 

Where  the  test  is  carried  out  with  a  rising  force  curve,  the  test  load  is  equal  to  the 
upper  (highest)  load,  and  the  lower  (smallest)  load  should  not  exceed  5  %  of  the 
upper load. 

Care should be taken in the alternating force test to ensure that by suitable mounting 
of the test apparatus and choice of power conduction system no additional moments 
or forces arising at right angles to the test force are introduced; the angular error for 
the direction of force in the alternating force test should not exceed ± 1,5°; and for 
the rising force test the angle is set in the upper load position. 

The  test  frequency  must  not  exceed  30  Hz.  For  components  made  of  steel  or  steel 
casting the load cycle amounts to 2 · 106. The subsequent tear test is carried out using 
the colour penetration method or similar method. 

If springs and/or dampers are incorporated into the coupling parts, they are not to be 
removed  during  the  test  but  may  be  replaced  if,  during  the  test,  they  are  subject  to 
strain  under  conditions  which  would  not  obtain  during  normal  operation  (e.g.  heat 
action) and become damaged. Their behaviour before, during and after the test must 
be described in the test report. 

EN 

169 

   EN 

 
3.2. 

Test forces 

The  test  force  consists  in  geometrical  terms  of  the  horizontal  and  vertical  test 
components as follows: 

(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 
(cid:206)1 Corrigendum 2000/1/EC 
(OJ L 104, 29.4.2000, p. 89) 

(cid:206)1

  

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

where: 

Fh 

or 

Fh 

Fv 

S 

= 

± 0,6 · D in the case of alternating force, 

= 

= 

= 

1,0 · D in the case of rising force (traction or pressure), 

g · 1,5 · S 

static drawbar load (vertical force components on the track). 

EN 

170 

   EN 

 
 
 
Appendix 3 

COUPLING DEVICE 

STATIC TEST METHOD 

1. 

TEST SPECIFICATIONS 

1.1. 

General 

1.1.1.  Subject to a check on its construction characteristics, the towing device must undergo 

static tests in accordance with the requirements of points 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4. 

1.2. 

Test preparation 

The tests must be carried out on a special machine, with the towing device and any 
structure  coupling  it  to  the  body  of  the  agricultural  tractor  attached  to  a  rigid 
structure  by  means  of  the  same  components  used  to  mount  it  on  the  agricultural 
tractor. 

1.3. 

Test instruments 

The  instruments  used  to  record  loads  applied  and  movements  must  have  the 
following degree of accuracy: 

– 

– 

loads applied ± 50 daN, 

movements ± 0,01 mm. 

1.4. 

Test procedure 

1.4.1.  The  coupling  device  must  first  be  subjected  to  a  pre-traction  load  which  does  not 

exceed 15 % of the traction test load defined in point 1.4.2. 

1.4.1.1.  The operation described in point 1.4.1 must be repeated at least twice, starting with a 
zero  load,  which  is  gradually  increased  until  the  value  prescribed  in  point  1.4.1  is 
reached, and then decreased to 500 daN; the settling load must be maintained for at 
least 60 seconds. 

1.4.2.  The data recorded for plotting the load/deformation curve under traction, or the graph 
of that curve provided by the printer linked to the traction machine, must be based on 
the  application  of  increasing  loads  only,  starting  from  500  daN,  in  relation  to  the 
reference centre of the coupling device. 

There must be no breaks for values up to and including the traction test load which is 
established  as  1,5  times  the  technically  permissible  trailer  mass;  in  addition,  the 
load/deformation  curve  must  show  a  smooth  progression,  without  irregularities,  in 
the interval between 500 daN and ⅓ of the maximum traction load. 

1.4.2.1.  Permanent deformation is recorded on the load/deformation curve in relation to the 

load of 500 daN after the test load has been brought back to that value. 

EN 

171 

   EN 

 
1.4.2.2.  The permanent deformation value recorded must not exceed 25 % of the maximum 

elastic deformation occurring. 

1.5. 

The test referred to in point 1.4.2 must be preceded by a test in which an initial load 
of  three  times  the  maximum  permissible  vertical  load  recommended  by  the 
manufacturer is applied in a gradually increasing manner, starting from an initial load 
of 500 daN, to the reference centre of the coupling device. 

During  the  test,  deformation  of  the  coupling  device  must  not  exceed  10  %  of  the 
maximum elastic deformation occurring. 

The check is carried out after removing the vertical load and returning to the initial 
load of 500 daN. 

EN 

172 

   EN 

 
Appendix 4 

COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL MARK 

(cid:208) 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 
(adapted) 
(cid:206)1 2003 Act of Accession Art. 20 
and Annex II, part 1(A)(33) p. 62 
(cid:206)2 2006/96/EC Art. 1 and Annex, 
pt. A.31 

The EC component type-approval mark consists of: 

– 

a rectangle surrounding the lower-case letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing code 
(letter(s)  or  number)  of  the  Member  State  which  has  granted  the  component  type-
approval: 

1 for Germany; 2 for France; 3 for Italy; 4 for the Netherlands; 5 for Sweden; 6 for 
Belgium;  (cid:206)1 7  for  Hungary;  8  for  the  Czech  Republic;   9  for  Spain;  11  for  the 
United  Kingdom;  12  for  Austria;  13  for  Luxembourg;  17  for  Finland;  18  for 
Denmark;  (cid:206)2 19  for  Romania;   (cid:206)1 20  for  Poland;   21  for  Portugal;  23  for 
Greece; 24 for Ireland (cid:206)1 ; 26 for Slovenia; 27 for Slovakia; 29 for Estonia; 32 for 
Latvia;    (cid:206)2 34  for  Bulgaria;   (cid:206)1  36  for  Lithuania;  ⌦ 49 ⌫  for  Cyprus 
⌦ and 50 ⌫ for Malta , 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

– 

– 

an EC component type-approval number, which corresponds to the number of the EC 
component  type-approval  certificate  issued  for  the  type  of  coupling  device  in 
question  as  regards  its  strength  and  dimensions,  placed  in  any  convenient  position 
near the rectangle, 

by  the  capital  letter  ‘D’  or  ‘S’  according  to  which  test  was  performed  on  the 
mechanical  coupling  (dynamic  test  =  D  and  static  test  =  S)  above  the  rectangle 
surrounding the lower-case letter ‘e’. 

EN 

173 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Example of an EC component type-approval mark 

The  coupling  bearing  the  EC  component  type-approval  mark  shown  above  is  a  device  for 
which EC component type-approval was granted in Germany (e 1) under the number 88-563 
and on which a dynamic strength test (D) was performed. 

EN 

174 

   EN 

 
 
Appendix 5 

MODEL EC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE 

Name of administration 

Notification concerning the granting, refusal, withdrawal or extension of EC component type-approval with regard to 
the strength and dimensions and vertical load on the coupling point of a type of coupling device (clevis type, towing 
hook tractor and drawbar) 

EC component type-approval No: ……………………………………………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... extension (1) 

1. 

Trade name or mark: ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 

2. 

3. 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Type of coupling device (clevis type, towing hook, tractor drawbar) (2): ……………………………………… 

Name and address of manufacturer of coupling device: ……………………………………………………………. 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  

4. 

If applicable, name and address of authorised representative of manufacturer of coupling device: ……………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

5. 

The coupling device was subjected to a dynamic/static (2) test and approved for the following values: 

5.1. 

Dynamic test: 

value of D: …………………………………………………………………………………………………. (kN) 

vertical load on the coupling point: ……………………………………………………………………….. (daN) 

5.2. 

Static test: 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

towable mass: ……………………………………………………………………………………………… (kg) 

vertical load on the coupling point: ……………………………………………………………………….... (daN) 

Submitted for EC component type-approval on: ……………………………………………………………..... 

Technical service responsible for carrying out the tests: ……………………….................................................. 

Date and number of test report: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

EC component type-approval in respect of the mechanical coupling is granted/refused (2): …………………….. 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

The  following  documents,  bearing  the  component  type-approval  number  shown  above,  are  attached  to  this 
certificate (e.g. test report, drawings, etc.). This information is to be made available to the competent services of 
the other Member States only by express request: ………………………………………………………………….. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

EN 

175 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. 

Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………........................................................ 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

14. 

Signature: …………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 
(2) 

If applicable, state whether this is the first, second, etc., extension of the original EC component type-approval. 
Delete where inapplicable. 

EN 

176 

   EN 

 
 
Appendix 6 

CONDITIONS FOR GRANTING EC TYPE-APPROVAL 

The  application  for  EC  type-approval  of  a  tractor,  with  regard  to  the  strength  and 
dimensions of a coupling device, is submitted by the tractor manufacturer or by his 
authorised representative. 

A  tractor  representative  of  the  tractor  type  to  be  approved,  on  which  a  coupling 
device, duly approved, is mounted is submitted to the technical services responsible 
for conducting the type-approval tests. 

The  technical  service  responsible  for  conducting  the  type-approval  tests  checks 
whether the approved type of coupling device is suitable for mounting on the type of 
tractor  for  which  type-approval  is  requested.  In  particular,  it  ascertains  that  the 
attachment of the coupling device corresponds to that which was tested when the EC 
component type-approval was granted. 

The  holder  of  the  EC  type-approval  may  ask  for  its  extension  for  other  types  of 
coupling device. 

The competent authorities grant such extension on the following conditions: 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

5.1. 

the new type of coupling device has received EC component type-approval; 

5.2. 

5.3. 

6. 

7. 

it is suitable for mounting on the type of tractor for which the extension of the EC 
type-approval is requested; 

the attachment of the coupling device on the tractor corresponds to that which  was 
presented when EC component type-approval was granted. 

A certificate, of which a model is shown in Appendix 5, is annexed to the EC type-
approval  certificate  for  each  type-approval  or  type-approval  extension  which  has 
been granted or refused. 

If the application for EC type-approval for a type of tractor is made at the same time 
as  the  request  for  EC  component  type-approval  for  a  type  of  coupling  device  on  a 
tractor for which EC type-approval is requested, then points 2 and 3 are unnecessary. 

EN 

177 

   EN 

 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Appendix 7 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO THE 
COUPLING DEVICE AND THE STRENGTH OF ITS ATTACHMENT TO THE TRACTOR 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ type-
approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their 
systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval No: …………………………  

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. extension (1) 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Trade name or mark of tractor: ………………………………………………………………………………….. 

Tractor type and trade name: ……………………….…………………………………………………………… 

Name and address of tractor manufacturer: ..……………………………………………………………………. 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

4. 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative: …………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

5. 

Trade name or mark of coupling device: ………………………………………………………………………….. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Type(s) of coupling device(s): …………………………………………………………………………………… 

EC mark and EC component type-approval number: ……………………………………………………………. 

Extension of EC type-approval to the following type(s) of coupling: ……………………………………………. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

Permissible static vertical load on the coupling point: ……………………………………………………….... daN 

Tractor submitted for EC type-approval testing on: ……………………………………………………………. 

Technical service responsible for EC type-approval tests: ………………………………………………………. 

Date of test report issued by that technical service: ……………………………………………………………….. 

Number of test report issued by that service: ……………………………………………......................................... 

EC  type-approval  with  regard  to  the  coupling  device  and  the  strength  of  its  attachment  to  the  tractor  has  been 
granted/refused (2). 

The extension of the EC type-approval with regard to the coupling device and the strength of its attachment to the 
tractor has been granted/refused (2): …………………………………………………………………………… 

16. 

Place: ………………………………. 

EN 

178 

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17. 

18. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 
(2) 

If applicable, state whether this is the first, second, etc., extension of the original EC type-approval. 
Delete where inapplicable. 

__________ 

EN 

179 

   EN 

 
(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 
(cid:206)1 2000/1/EC Art. 1 and Annex 
(cid:206)2 2003 Act of Accession Art. 20 
and Annex II, part 1(A)(33) p. 62 
(cid:206)3 2006/96/EC Art. 1 and Annex, 
pt. A.31 

ANNEX V 

LOCATION AND METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND 
INSCRIPTIONS ON THE BODY OF THE TRACTOR 

1. 

GENERAL 

1.1. 

All agricultural or forestry tractors must be provided with the plate and inscriptions 
described  in  the  following  points.  The  plate  and  inscriptions  are  attached  either  by 
the manufacturer or by his authorised representative. 

2. 

MANUFACTURER'S PLATE 

2.1. 

A  manufacturer's  plate,  modelled  on  that  shown  in  the  Appendix  hereto,  must  be 
firmly attached in a conspicuous and readily accessible position on a part normally 
not  subject  to  replacement  in  use.  It  must  show  clearly  and  indelibly  the  following 
information in the order listed. 

2.1.1.  Name of manufacturer. 

2.1.2.  Type of tractor (and version if necessary). 

2.1.3.  (cid:206)1 EC type-approval number: 

The EC type-approval number consists of the lower-case letter “e” followed by the 
distinguishing code (letter(s) or number) of the Member State which has granted the 
EC type-approval: 

1 for Germany; 2 for France; 3 for Italy; 4 for the Netherlands; 5 for Sweden; 6 for 
Belgium;  (cid:206)2 7  for  Hungary;  8  for  the  Czech  Republic;   9  for  Spain;  11  for  the 
United  Kingdom;  12  for  Austria;  13  for  Luxembourg;  17  for  Finland;  18  for 
Denmark;  (cid:206)3 19  for  Romania;   (cid:206)2 20  for  Poland;   21  for  Portugal;  23  for 
Greece; 24 for Ireland (cid:206)2 ; 26 for Slovenia; 27 for Slovakia; 29 for Estonia; 32 for 
Latvia;    (cid:206)3 34  for  Bulgaria;   (cid:206)2  36  for  Lithuania;  ⌦ 49 ⌫  for  Cyprus 
⌦ and 50 ⌫ for Malta ,  

and the type-approval number which corresponds to the number of the type-approval 
certificate issued for the type of vehicle. 

An asterisk is placed between the letter ‘e’ followed by the distinguishing code of the 
country granting EC type-approval and the type-approval number.  

EN 

180 

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2.1.4.  Tractor identification number. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

2.1.5.  Minimum  and  maximum  values  for  the  maximum  permitted  laden  mass  of  the 

tractor, depending on the possible types of tyre which may be fitted. 

2.1.6.  Maximum  permitted  vehicle  mass  bearing  on  each  tractor  axle,  according  to  the 
possible types of tyre which may be fitted; this information must be listed in order 
from front to rear. 

2.1.7.  Technically permissible towable mass(es): as referred to in point 1.7 of Annex I. 

2.1.8.  Member States may require for tractors placed on their markets, that the country of 
final assembly also be indicated in addition to the name of the manufacturer where 
the final assembly was carried out elsewhere than in the manufacturer's country, but 
not in a Member State of the Community. 

2.2. 

The  manufacturer  may  give  additional  information  below  or  to  the  side  of  the 
prescribed  inscriptions,  outside  a  clearly  marked  rectangle  enclosing  only  the 
information prescribed in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.7 (see example of manufacturer's plate ). 

3. 

TRACTOR IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

The  tractor  identification  number  is  a  fixed  combination  of  characters  assigned  to 
each tractor by the manufacturer. Its purpose is to ensure that every tractor ⌦ , and 
in particular its type, ⌫ can be clearly identified over a period of 30 years through 
the intermediary of the manufacturer, without a need for ⌦ further ⌫ reference.  

⌦ The identification number shall comply with the ⌫ following requirements: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

3.1. 

It  must  be  marked  on  the  manufacturer's  plate,  and  also  on  the  chassis,  or  other 
similar structure. 

3.1.1. 

It must wherever possible be entered on a single line. 

3.1.2. 

It  must  be  marked  on  the  chassis  or  other  similar  structure,  on  the  front  right-hand 
side of the vehicle. 

3.1.3. 

It  must  be  placed  in  a  clearly  visible  and  accessible  position  by  a  method  such  as 
hammering or stamping, in such a way that it cannot be obliterated or deteriorate. 

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4. 

CHARACTERS 

4.1. 

Roman letters and arabic numerals must be used for all of the markings provided for 
in points 2 and 3. However, the roman letters used in the markings provided for in 
points 2.1.1 and 3 must be capital letters. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

4.2. 

For the tractor identification number: 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

4.2.1. 

use of the letters ‘I’ ‘O’ and ‘Q’ and dashes, asterisks and other special signs is not 
permitted; 

4.2.2. 

the minimum height of the letters and figures should be as follows: 

4.2.2.1.  7 mm for characters marked directly on the chassis, frame or other similar structure 

of the tractor, 

4.2.2.2.  4 mm for characters marked on the manufacturer's plate. 

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Example of manufacturer's plate 

The following example in no way prejudices the data which may actually be entered on the 
manufacturer's plate: it is given solely for information purposes. 

STELLA TRAKTOR WERKE 

Type: 846 E 

EC number: e * 1* 1792 

Identification number: GBS18041947 

Total permissible mass (*): 4 820 to 6 310 kg 
Permissible front axle load (*): 2 390 to 3 200 kg 
Permissible rear axle road (*): 3 130 to 4 260 kg 
___________________ 

(*) Depending on the tyres 

Permissible towable mass: 
– unbraked towable mass: 3 000 kg 
– independently-braked towable mass: 6 000 kg 
– inertia-braked towable mass: 3 000 kg 
– towable mass fitted with an assisted braking system (hydraulic or pneumatic): 12 000 kg 

EN 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Appendix 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO THE 
POSITION AND THE METHOD OF AFFIXING STATUTORY PLATES AND INSCRIPTIONS ON THE BODY 
OF THE TRACTOR 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ type-
approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their 
systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval number: …………………………  

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

Make of tractor or business name of manufacturer: .……………………………………………………………… 

Type and, if appropriate, trade name of tractor: ..…………………………………………………………. 

Manufacturer’s name and address: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative: …………………………………… 

Date of submission of tractor for EC type-approval: ……………………………………………………………… 

Technical service conducting the type-approval tests: ……………………………………………………………. 

Date of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………………………………………... 

Number of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………................................................. 

EC  type-approval  for  the  location  and  method  of  affixing  statutory  plates  and  inscriptions  on  the  body  of  the 
tractor is granted/refused (1). 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

The following documents bearing the EC type-approval number indicated above are attached to this certificate: 

……………………………….. dimensioned drawings; 

……………………………….. sketch or photograph of the location and method of affixing statutory plates and 
inscriptions on the body of the tractor. 

The data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request. 

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14. 

Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………..................................... 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

__________________ 

EN 

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(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

ANNEX VI 

BRAKE CONTROL OF TOWED VEHICLES AND BRAKE COUPLING BETWEEN 
THE TRACTOR AND TOWED VEHICLES 

1. 

2. 

Where a tractor includes a trailer brake control, the control must be either hand- or 
foot-operated  and  it  must  be  possible  to  moderate  and  operate  it  from  the  driver's 
seat, but it must not be affected by any operation of other controls. 

Where  the  tractor  is  fitted  with  a  pneumatic  or  hydraulic  coupling  system  located 
between the tractor and the towed mass, only one single control should be fitted for 
the service braking of the vehicle combination. 

The braking systems used may be systems, the characteristics of which are as defined 
in  Annex  [I]  to  Directive  [76/432/EEC]  relating  to  the  braking  devices  of  wheeled 
agricultural or forestry tractors. 

The  fitting  must  be  designed  and  effected  in  such  a  way  as  to  ensure  that  the 
operation of the tractor is not adversely affected in the event of the failure or the poor 
operation  of  the  towed  vehicle's  breaking  device  or  in  the  case  of  a  breach  in  the 
coupling. 

3. 

Where  the  coupling  between  the  tractor  and  the  towed  vehicle(s)  is  hydraulic  or 
pneumatic it must also comply with one or other of the following conditions. 

3.1. 

Hydraulic coupling: 

The hydraulic coupling must be of a single conduit type. 

It must comply with standard ISO 5676 of 1983, the projecting section being on the 
tractor. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC 

Operation  of  the  control  must  permit  zero  pressure  to  be  delivered  to  the  coupling 
head in the rest position; the working pressure must be no less than 10 and no more 
that 15 MPa. 

It must not be possible to disconnect the source of power from the engine. 

3.2. 

Pneumatic coupling: 

The coupling between the tractor and the towed vehicle(s) of a dual-conduit type: an 
automatic conduit and a direct braking conduit operates by an increase in pressure. 

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The coupling head must comply with standard ISO 1728 of 1980. 

(cid:208) 89/173/EEC (adapted) 

Operation of the control must permit a working pressure of no less than 0,65 and no 
more than 0,8 MPa to be delivered to the coupling head. 

EN 

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Appendix 

MODEL 

Name of administration 

ANNEX TO THE EC TYPE-APPROVAL CERTIFICATE FOR A TRACTOR TYPE WITH REGARD TO THE 
BRAKE CONTROL OF THE TOWED VEHICLE 

(Article 4(2) of Directive ⌦ 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 on ⌫ type-
approval of agricultural or forestry tractors ⌦ , their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their 
systems, components and separate technical units and repealing Directive 74/150/EEC ⌫) 

EC type-approval No: …………………………  

1. 

Make of tractor (or business name of manufacturer): .…………………………………………………………… 

2. 

3. 

4. 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Type and where appropriate commercial name of tractor: ..………………………………………………………. 

Manufacturer’s name and address: ………………………………………………………………………………… 

If applicable, name and address of manufacturer’s authorised representative: …………………………………….. 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

5. 

Description of component(s) and/or characteristic(s) of the brake control of the towed vehicle: ………………… 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….  

6. 

Date of submission of tractor for EC type-approval: ……………………………………………………………… 

7. 

8. 

9. 

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 

Technical service conducting the type-approval tests: ……………………………………………………………. 

Date of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………………………………………... 

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 

Number of report issued by that service: ……………………………………………................................................. 

EC type-approval for the brake control of the towed vehicle granted/refused (1): 

Place: ………………………………. 

Date: ……………………………….. 

Signature: …………………………… 

The following documents bearing the EC type-approval number indicated above are attached to this certificate: 

……………………………….. sketch or photograph of the relevant parts of the tractor. 

These data must be supplied to the competent authorities of the other Member States if they so request. 

15. 

Remarks: ………………………………………………………………………..................................... 

………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

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………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 

__________________ 

(1) 

Delete where inapplicable. 

__________________ 

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(cid:207) 

ANNEX VII 

Part A 

Repealed Directive with list of its successive amendments 
(referred to in Article 10) 

Council Directive 89/173/EEC  
(OJ L 67, 10.3.1989, p. 1) 

Point XI.C.II.7 of Annex I to the 1994 Act of 
Accession 
(OJ C 241, 29.8.1994, p. 207) 

Directive 97/54/EC of the European Parliament 
and of the Council 
(OJ L 277, 10.10.1997, p. 24) 

only as regards the reference to 
Directive 89/173/EEC in Article 1, first 
indent 

Commission Directive 2000/1/EC  
(OJ L 21, 26.1.2000, p. 16) 

Point I.A.33 of Annex II to the 2003 Act of 
Accession  
(OJ L 236, 23.9.2003, p. 62) 

Commission Directive 2006/26/EC 
(OJ L 65, 7.3.2006, p. 22)  

Council Directive 2006/96/EC 
(OJ L 363, 20.12.2006, p. 81) 

only as regards the reference to 
Directive 89/173/EEC in Article 4 and 
Annex IV 

only as regards the reference to 
Directive 89/173/EEC in Article 1 and 
point A.31 of the Annex 

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Part B 

List of time-limits for transposition into national law and application 
(referred to in Article 10) 

Directive 

Time-limit for transposition 

Date of application 

89/173/EEC  

31 December 1989 

__ 

97/54/EC 

2000/1/EC 

2006/26/EC 

2006/96/EC 

22 September 1998 

23 September 1998 

30 June 2000 

31 December 2006(1) 

1 January 2007 

__ 

__ 

__ 

(1) 

In compliance with Article 5 of Directive 2006/26/EC:  

“1.  With effect from 1 January 2007, with respect to vehicles which comply with the requirements 
laid down respectively in Directives 74/151/EEC, 78/933/EEC, 77/311/EEC and 89/173/EEC 
as  amended  by  this  Directive,  Member  States  shall  not,  on  grounds  relating  to  the  subject-
matter of the Directive concerned: 

(a) 

refuse to grant EC type-approval or to grant national type-approval; 

(b) 

prohibit the registration, sale or entry into service of such a vehicle. 

2.  With  effect  from  1  July  2007,  with  respect  to  vehicles  which  do  not  comply  with  the 
requirements laid down respectively in Directives 74/151/EEC, 78/933/EEC, 77/311/EEC and 
89/173/EEC as amended by this Directive, and on grounds relating to the subject-matter of the 
Directive concerned, Member States: 

(a) 

shall no longer grant EC type-approval; 

(b)  may refuse to grant national type-approval. 

3.  With  effect  from  1  July  2009,  with  respect  to  vehicles  which  do  not  comply  with  the 
requirements laid down respectively in Directives 74/151/EEC, 78/933/EEC, 77/311/EEC and 
89/173/EEC as amended by this Directive, and on grounds relating to the subject-matter of the 
Directive concerned, Member States: 

(a) 

shall consider certificates of conformity which accompany new vehicles in accordance 
with the provisions of Directive 2003/37/EC to be no longer valid for the purposes of 
Article 7(1); 

(b)  may refuse the registration, sale or entry into service of those new vehicles.” 

____________________ 

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ANNEX VIII 

CORRELATION TABLE 

Directive 89/173/EEC 

This Directive 

Article 1 

Article 1 

Article 2(1), introductory wording 

Article 2(1), introductory wording 

Article 2(1), first to sixth indents 

Article 2(1), points (a) to (f) 

Article 2(1), final wording 

Article 2(1), introductory wording 

Article 2(2) 

Articles 3 and 4 

Article 5(1) 

Article 5(2) 

Articles 6 to 9 

Article 10(1) 

Article 10(2) 

__ 

Article 11 

Annexes I to VI 

__ 

__ 

Article 2(2) 

Articles 3 and 4 

Article 5, first paragraph 

Article 5, second and third paragraphs 

Articles 6 to 9 

__ 

Article 10 

Articles 11 and 12 

Article 13 

Annexes I to VI 

Annex VII 

Annex VIII 

__________________ 

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