2007/506/EC: Commission Decision of 21 June 2007 establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the Community eco-label to soaps, shampoos and hair conditioners (notified under document number C(2007) 3127)   (Text with EEA relevance)
Date: 2007-06-21
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: biodegradability, cosmetic product, dangerous substance, eco-label, preparation for market, product safety, toxicology

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COMMISSION DECISION

of 21 June 2007

establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the Community eco-label to soaps, shampoos
and hair conditioners

(notified under document number C(2007) 3127)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(2007/506/EC)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty
Community,

establishing the European

Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 of
the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 July 2000 on
a revised Community eco-label award scheme (1), and in
particular the second subparagraph of Article 6(1) thereof,

After consulting the European Union Eco-Labelling Board,

Whereas:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Under Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 the Community
eco-label may be awarded to a product possessing cha-
racteristics which enable it to contribute significantly to
improvements in relation to key environmental aspects.

Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000 provides that specific
eco-label criteria, drawn up on the basis of the criteria
drafted by the European Union Eco-Labelling Board, are
to be established according to product groups.

The ecological criteria, as well as the related assessment
and verification requirements, should be valid for a
period of three years.

The measures provided for
in this Decision are in
accordance with the opinion of the Committee instituted
by Article 17 of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

any

rinse-off

comprise

Article 1
The product group ‘soaps, shampoos and hair-conditioners’
and preparation
shall
intended to be placed in contact with the epidermis and the
hair system with a view exclusively or mainly to cleaning them.
That product group shall also comprise any rinse-off substance
and preparation intended to be placed in contact with the hair
system with a view to improve the condition of the hair (hair
conditioners).

substance

The product group shall cover products for both private and
professional use.

The product group shall not cover products that are specifically
marketed for disinfecting or anti-bacterial use.

Article 2

1.
for
In order to be awarded the Community eco-label
soaps, shampoos and hair-conditioners, under Regulation (EC)
No 1980/2000, a product must fall within the product group
‘soaps, shampoos, and hair-conditioners’ and must comply with
the ecological criteria set out in the Annex to this Decision.

2.
This Regulation applies without prejudice to Council
Directive 76/768/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the application of
the laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic products (2).

Article 3

For administrative purposes the product group code number
assigned to this product group shall be ‘30’.

Article 4
The ecological criteria for the product group ‘soaps, shampoos
and hair-conditioners’ as well as the related assessment and
verification requirements shall be valid until
for three years
from the date of notification of this Decision.

This Decision is addressed to the Member States.

Article 5

Done at Brussels, 21 June 2007.

For the Commission

Stavros DIMAS
Member of the Commission

(1) OJ L 237, 21.9.2000, p. 1.

(2) OJ L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 169. Directive as last amended by
Commission Directive 2007/22/EC (OJ L 101, 18.4.2007, p. 11).

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ANNEX

FRAMEWORK

The aims of the criteria

These criteria aim in particular at promoting:

— the reduction of water pollution both by limiting the quantity of potentially harmful ingredients and the total toxic

load of the product,

— the minimisation of waste production by reducing the amount of packaging,

— the reduction or prevention of potential risks for the environment related to the use of hazardous substances.

Additionally, the criteria enhance the consumers’ environmental awareness. The criteria are set at levels that promote the
labelling of soaps and shampoos that have a lower environmental load than the market average.

The specific assessment and verification requirements are indicated within each of the ecological criteria later in this
Annex.

Assessment and verification requirements

Where appropriate, test methods other than those indicated for each criterion may be used if the Competent Body
assessing the application accepts their equivalence.

Where possible, the testing should be performed by laboratories that meet the general requirements of EN ISO 17025 or
equivalent.

Where no tests are mentioned, or are mentioned as being for use in verification or monitoring, Competent Bodies should
rely as appropriate on declarations and documentation provided by the applicant and/or independent verification.

Where appropriate, Competent Bodies may require supporting documentation and may carry out independent verifi-
cation, including on-site visits to production sites.

Where the applicant
test reports, or other evidence to show
compliance with the criteria, it is understood that these may originate from the applicant and/or his supplier(s) and/or
their supplier(s), et cetera, as appropriate.

is required to provide declarations, documentation,

Where ingredients are referred to, this includes substances and preparations.

The text makes reference to the Detergent Ingredient Database (DID list), which contains many of the most widely used
ingredients in soap and shampoo formulations. Part A of DID list shall be used for deriving the data for the calculations
of CDV and for the assessment of the biodegradability of surfactants. Applicants may only present their own data if the
list does not give a value, except for perfumes (including biological additives) and dyes.

For ingredients that are not included in the part A of DID list, the applicant shall, under his own responsibility, apply the
procedure as described in part B of the DID list.

The most up to date version of the DID list available at the time of application should be used, and will be available
from the Competent Body dealing with the application. The list can also be found at the following web address:
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ecolabel/product/pg_did_list_en.htm

For ingredients which are not listed in the DID-list, the applicant may use an approach to provide the necessary
documentation of anaerobic biodegradability described in Appendix II.

For the purposes of these criteria ‘surfactant’ means any organic substance and/or preparation used in detergents, which
has surface-active properties and which consists of one or more hydrophilic and one or more hydrophobic groups of
such a nature and size that it is capable of reducing the surface tension of water, and of forming spreading or adsorption
mono-layers at the water, air interface, and of forming emulsions and/or micro-emulsions and/or micelles, and of
adsorption at water-solid interfaces.

the implementation of recognised environmental
The Competent Bodies are recommended to take into account
management schemes, such as EMAS or ISO 14001, when assessing applications and monitoring compliance with the
criteria in this Annex.

(Note: It is not required to implement such management schemes in order to apply for the eco-label or to comply with
the criteria of the eco-label.)

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FUNCTIONAL UNIT

The Functional unit is 1 gram of ‘Active Content (AC)’. AC is defined as the weight of organic ingredients in the product.
It must be calculated on the basis of the complete formulation of the product. Rubbing/abrasive agents in hand cleaning
agents are not included in the calculation of AC.

Assessment and verification:

The following information shall be provided:

— technical description of

the contents of

the product

(complete formulation),

including known pollutants. The

description must include a specification of quantities, CAS-No. and INCI designations;

— a specification of the function of each individual

ingredient in the product, stating the purpose for which the

component is added;

— safety data sheet/Product data sheet with the names of the suppliers of all ingredients.

ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA

1. Toxicity to aquatic organisms

The critical dilution volume toxicity (CDV) is calculated for each ingredient (i) and for the whole product using the
following equation:

CDV(ingredient i)= weight (i) × DF(i) × 1 000/TF chronic (i)

CDV = Σ CDV(ingredient i)

where weight (i) is the weight of the ingredient (in grams) per functional unit. DF (i) is the degradation factor and TF
chronic (i) is the toxicity factor of the ingredient (in milligrams/litre).

The values of DF and TF chronic shall be as given in the Detergent Ingredient Database list-part A (DID list-part A). If the
ingredient in question is not included in the DID list-part A, the applicant shall estimate the values following the
approach described in the DID list-part B. The CDV(tox) is summed for each ingredient, making the CDV for the product.

The total CDV of the product must not exceed the following values:

Shampoo, shower products and liquid soaps: 20 000 l/g AC

Solid soaps: 3 500 l/g AC

Conditioner: 30 000 l/g AC

Assessment and verification:

The exact formulation of the product must be given. Furthermore the exact chemical description of ingredients (e.g.
identification according to IUPAC, CAS-no, INCI-name, purity, type and percentage of impurities, additives; for mixtures
e.g. surfactants: DID-number, composition and spectrum of homologue distribution, isomers and trade names).

Copies of the Material Safety Data Sheet of all ingredients must be given.

The calculation of CDV and the related score shall be provided in detail. For all ingredients included in the DID-list the
appropriate ingredient number must be given. For ingredients not included in the DID-list, test results and test methods
for eco-toxicity (long-term effects (NOEC data) on fish, Daphnia magna, and algae), biodegradation and bioaccumulation
shall be submitted. The reference for the relevant
tests shall be the appropriate Annexes of Council Directive
67/548/EEC (1).

(1) OJ 196, 16.8.1967, p. 1.

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The product must not fulfil the requirements for classification for any of the following risk phrases according to Directive
67/548/EEC:

2. Environmentally harmful products

N, R50/53: (WR50/53/25 %) ≥ 1

N, R51/53: ((WR50/53/2,5 %) + (WR51/53/25 %)) ≥ 1

R52/53: ((WR50/53/0,25 %) + (WR51/53/2.5 %) + (WR52/53/25 %)) ≥ 1

WR50/53 = weight percent of ingredients that may be classified as R50/53.

WR51/53 = weight percent of ingredients that may be classified as R51/53.

WR52/53 = weight percent of ingredients that may be classified as R52/53.

Rubbing/abrasive agents in hand cleaning agents are not included.

Assessment and verification:

Test results for aquatic toxicity and biodegradation of relevant ingredients must be given, according to part 2, testing
methods, of Directive 67/548/EEC. Toxicity results from the DID-list cannot be used since these are median values and
are not in compliance with Directive 67/548/EEC.

If the lowest toxicity is ≤10 mg/l, then test results for potential bioaccumulation (Bio-concentration factor (BCF) or
logKow) must also be given. If no results are available the ingredient will be regarded as R 50/53. The following
exceptions apply:

Fragrances and dyes: R 51/53.

Biological additives, i.e. plant extracts and other ingredients isolated from plants or animals and with little or no chemical
alteration: R 51/53.

Any ingredient (substance or preparation) whose concentration exceeds 0,010 % by weight of the final product shall be
considered regardless of if it is used in the formulation as a single substance or as a constituent of preparation. This also
applies to each ingredient of any preparation used in the formulation that exceeds 0,010 % by weight of the final product.

(a) Aerobic biodegradability of surfactants

Each surfactant used in the product shall be readily biodegradable.

3. Aerobic biodegradability

Assessment and verification:

The exact formulation of the product as well as a description of the function of each ingredient shall be provided to
the competent body.

The DID list-part A indicates whether a specific surfactant is aerobically biodegradable or not (the surfactants with an
entry of ‘R’
in the column on aerobic biodegradability are readily biodegradable). For surfactants which are not
included in the DID list-part A, the relevant information from literature or other sources, or appropriate test
results, showing that they are aerobically biodegradable shall be provided. The tests for ready biodegradability shall
be as referred to in Regulation (EC) No 648/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1).

(1) OJ L 104, 8.4.2004, p. 1.

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Surfactants shall be considered as readily biodegradable if the level of biodegradability (mineralisation) measured
according to one of the five following tests is at least 60 % within 28 days: CO2 headspace test (OECD 310),
Carbon dioxide (CO2) Evolution Modified Sturm test (OECD 301B; Council Directive 67/548/EEC Annex V.C.4-C),
Closed Bottle test (OECD 301D; Council Directive 67/548/EEC Annex V.C.4-E), Manometric Respirometry (OECD
301F; Council Directive 67/548/EEC Annex V.C.4-D), or MITI (I) test (OECD 301C; Council Directive 67/548/EEC
Annex V.C.4-D), or their equivalent ISO tests. Depending on the physical characteristics of the surfactant, one of the
following tests might be used to confirm ready biodegradability, if the level of biodegradability is at least 70 % within
28 days: Dissolved Organic Carbon DOC Die-Away (OECD 301A; Council Directive 67/548/EEC Annex V.C.4-A) or
Modified OECD Screening DOC Die-Away (OECD 301E, Council Directive 67/548/EEC Annex V.C.4-B), or their
equivalent ISO tests. The applicability of test methods based on measurement of dissolved organic carbon needs to be
appropriately justified as set out in Regulation (EC) No 648/2004.

All ingredients (substances or preparations) that exceed 0,010 % by weight of the final product shall be considered.
This includes also each ingredient of any preparation used in the formulation that exceeds 0,010 % by weight of the
final product.

(b) Aerobic biodegradability of non-surfactants (aNBDOnon-surf)

The content of ingredients that are not readily biodegradable (or have not been tested for aerobic biodegradability)
must not exceed the following levels:

Shampoo, shower products and liquid soaps: 30 mg/g AC

Solid soaps: 15 mg/g AC

Conditioner: 50 mg/g AC

Rubbing/abrasive agents in hand cleaning agents are not included.

All ingredients (substances or preparations) exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final product shall be considered. This
includes also each ingredient of any preparation used in the formulation exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final
product.

Assessment and verification:

Identical to requirement 3(a).

4. Anaerobic Biodegradability (annbdotox)

The content of ingredients that are not anaerobically degradable (or have not been tested for anaerobic biodegradability)
and have a lowest acute toxicity LC50 or EC50 < 100 mg/l (similar to the classification limit for R52 in Directive
67/548/EEC must not exceed the following levels:

Shampoo, shower products and liquid soaps: 25 mg/g AC

Solid soaps: 15 mg/g AC

Conditioner: 50 mg/g AC

Rubbing/abrasive agents in hand cleaning agents are not included.

Assessment and verification:

The DID list-part A indicates whether a specific ingredient is anaerobically biodegradable or not (the surfactants with an
entry of ‘Y’ in the column on anaerobic biodegradability are biodegradable under anaerobic conditions). For ingredients
which are not included in the DID list-part A or which are included with an entry ‘0’ the relevant information from
literature or other sources, or appropriate test results, showing that they are anaerobically biodegradable shall be provided.
The reference test for anaerobic biodegradability shall be OECD 311, ISO 11734, ECETOC No 28 (June 1988) or an
equivalent
test method, with the requirement of a minimum of 60 % ultimate biodegradability under anaerobic
conditions. Test methods simulating the conditions in a relevant anaerobic environment may also be used to
document that 60 % ultimate biodegradability has been attained under anaerobic conditions (see Appendix II).

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If several toxicity results are available the lowest validated value shall be used. The toxicity values on the DID-list are
median values that cannot be used for this purpose.

All ingredients (substances or preparations) exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final product shall be considered. This
includes also each ingredient of any preparation used in the formulation exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final
product.

Any ingredient added to the product as a fragrance must have been manufactured, handled and applied in accordance
with the code of practice of the International Fragrance Association.

5. Fragrances

Assessment and verification:

A declaration of compliance with this criterion shall be provided to the competent body by the fragrance manufacturer.

6. Dyes or colouring agents

Organic dyes or colouring agents must not be potentially bio-accumulating. In the case of colouring agents approved for
use in foodstuffs it is not necessary to submit documentation of bioaccumulation potential. In this context, a colouring
agent or dye is considered to be potentially bio-accumulating if the experimentally determined BCF is > 100. If no BCF
(Bio-concentration Factor) test result is available, bioaccumulation may be demonstrated by the log Pow (log octa-
nol/water partition coefficient). If logPow is > 3,0 the colouring agent or dye is considered as potentially bio-accumu-
lating.

Assessment and verification:

The manufacturer must submit a test report or a published test result together with a reference to the publication. If the
dye or colouring agent has been approved for use in foodstuffs a declaration from the manufacturer stating this fact must
be submitted.

(a) The product may only include biocides in order to preserve the product, and in the appropriate dosage for this

purpose alone. This does not refer to surfactants which may also have biocidal properties.

7. Biocides

Assessment and verification:

Copies of the material safety data sheets of any preservatives added shall be provided, together with information on
their exact concentration in the product. The manufacturer or supplier of the preservatives shall provide information
on the dosage necessary to preserve the product.

(b) Biocides, either as part of the formulation or as part of any preparation included in the formulation, that are used to
preserve the product and that fulfil the criteria for classification with R50-53 or R51-53 risk phrases, in accordance
with Directive 67/548/EEC or Directive 1999/45/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (1), are only
permitted if they are not potentially bio-accumulating. In this context, a biocide is considered to be potentially bio-
accumulating if the bio-concentration factor (BCF) is > 100 or, if no BCF-results are available, the log Pow (log
octanol/water partition coefficient) is > 3,0.

Assessment and verification:

Test results for aquatic toxicity must be supplied.
biodegradability must be given.
potential must be given. Test procedures are as specified in Directive 67/548/EEC.

the biocide is not

If the lowest toxicity is ≤ 10 mg/l a test result for ready
results for bioaccumulation

readily biodegradable test

If

(c) Preservatives must not release substances that are classified in accordance with the criterion 8a.

Assessment and verification:

A completed and signed declaration from the biocide manufacturer.

(1) OJ L 200, 30.7.1999, p. 1.

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8. Environmentally hazardous ingredients

The requirements concern all ingredients (substances or preparations) exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final product.
This includes also each ingredient of any preparation used in the formulation exceeding 0,010 % by weight of the final
product.

(a) Classified ingredients

No constituent substance must be classified as carcinogenic (Carc), mutagenic (Mut) or toxic to reproduction (Rep)
including rules for self-classification class III.

Assessment and verification:

copies of the material safety data sheets shall be provided for all ingredients (whether substances or preparations). A
signed declaration prepared by the manufacturer of ingredients and showing compliance with this criterion shall be
provided by the applicant.

(b) Specified excluded ingredients

The following ingredients shall not be included in the product, either as part of the formulation or as part of any
preparation included in the formulation:

— Alkyl phenol ethoxylates (APEOs) and other alkyl phenol derivatives

— NTA (nitrilo-tri-acetate)

— Boric acid, borates and perborates

— Nitromusks and polycyclic musks

Assessment and verification:

A completed and signed declaration from the manufacturer must be submitted.

(c) Specified limited ingredients

Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and its salts and non-readily biodegradable phosphonates may only be added to
solid soaps and only to a maximum content of 0,6 mg/g AC.

Assessment and verification:

A completed and signed declaration from the manufacturer must be submitted.

(a) The Weight/Content Relationship (WCR) must be less than 0,30 g of packaging per gram of product, and is calculated

9. Packaging

as follows.

Where;

WCR ¼

X

ððWi þ NiÞ=ðDi (cid:1) rÞÞ

Wi = the weight (in grams) of packaging-component i (this applies to both primary or secondary packaging),

including any labels.

Ni = the weight (in grams) of the packaging component that comes from virgin material rather than recycled
sources (this applies to both primary or secondary packaging). If the packaging component does not contain
recycled material then Ni = Wi.

Di = the weight in grams of product that the packaging-component contains.

r

= the Return number, i.e. the number of times the packaging-component i is used for the same purpose through

a system of return or refill (by default r = 1 if no reuse occurs).

If the packaging is reused r is set to 20 for plastics and 10 for corrugated board unless the applicant can document a
higher number.

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Assessment and verification:

Presentation of the calculation of WCR.

(b) Labelling of packaging

To allow for identification of different parts of the packaging for recycling, plastic parts in the primary packaging
must be marked in accordance with DIN 6120, Part 2 or the equivalent. Caps and pumps are exempted from this
requirement.

Assessment and verification:

Completed and signed declaration.

Sample of primary packaging.

(c) Dosage

The packaging must be designed to make correct dosage easy, e.g. by ensuring that the opening at the top is not too
wide.

Assessment and verification:

Description of the dosage device.

(d) The packaging must contain neither additives based on Cadmium or Mercury or compounds with these elements, nor

additives that do not fulfil criterion 8.

Assessment and verification:

Declaration from the packaging producer.

10. Fitness for use

The product’s fitness for use must be demonstrated either through laboratory test(s) or a consumer test.

The test must be in conformity with the guidelines in Appendix I for testing of product efficiency.

Assessment and verification:

Report from a laboratory test or consumer test documenting satisfactory efficiency.

11. Information appearing on the eco-label

According to Annex III of Regulation (EC) No 1980/2000, Box 2 of the eco-label shall contain the following text:
‘* Minimal impact on aquatic ecosystems

* fulfils strict biodegradability requirements
* limits packaging waste’
Assessment and verification:

The applicant shall provide a sample of the product packaging showing the label, together with a declaration of
compliance with this criterion.

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Appendix I

Guidelines for performance test

The product’s efficiency of performance can be demonstrated either through a laboratory test or a consumer test. If a
laboratory test is employed the producer’s own test shall be acceptable. The applicant must, however, demonstrate that
the test gives a measure of the product’s performance.

If a consumer test is employed the following guidelines must be followed:

A consumer test must include as minimum of 10 people. The consumers must be asked about the product’s efficiency
compared to a market-leading product. The questions to the consumers must cover at least the following aspects:

1. How well does the product perform in comparison with the market-leading product?

2. How easy is it to apply the desired dosage of the product in comparison with the market-leading product?

3. How easy is it to apply the product to the hair and/or skin in comparison with the market-leading product?

At least 80 % of the consumers must be at least as satisfied with the product as with the market-leading product.

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Appendix II

Documentation of anaerobic biodegradability

The following approach may be used to provide the necessary documentation on anaerobic biodegradability for any
ingredients that are not listed in the DID list.

Apply reasonable extrapolation. Use test results obtained with one raw material to extrapolate the ultimate anaerobic
biodegradability of structurally related surfactants. If anaerobic biodegradability has been confirmed for a surfactant (or a
group of homologues) according to the DID list, it can be assumed that a similar type of surfactant is also anaerobically
biodegradable (for example, C12-15 A 1-3 EO sulphate (DID No 8)
is anaerobically biodegradable, and a similar
anaerobic biodegradability may also be assumed for C12-15 A 6 EO sulphate). If anaerobic biodegradability has been
confirmed for a surfactant by use of an appropriate test method, it can be assumed that a similar type of surfactant is also
literature data confirming the anaerobic biodegradability of surfactants
anaerobically biodegradable (for example,
belonging to the group alkyl ester ammonium salts may be used as documentation for a similar anaerobic biodegrad-
ability of other quaternary ammonium salts containing ester-linkages in the alkyl chain(s)).

Perform screening test for anaerobic biodegradability. If new testing is necessary, perform a screening test by use of OECD
311, ISO 11734, ECETOC No 28 (June 1988) or an equivalent method.

Perform low-dosage biodegradability test. If new testing is necessary, and in the case of experimental problems in the
screening test (for example, inhibition due to toxicity of test substance), repeat testing by using a low dosage of surfactant
and monitor degradation by 14C measurements or chemical analyses. Testing at low dosages may be performed by use of
OECD 308 (24 April 2002) or an equivalent method provided that strict anaerobic conditions are applied. The testing
and the interpretation of the test results should be conducted by an independent expert.