Regulation No 107 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of category M 2 or M 3 vehicles with regard to their general construction
Date: 2006-12-27
Institutions: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
Subjects: Ecosoc, approval, motor vehicle, motor vehicle industry, technical regulations

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Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of 
entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status 
document TRANS/WP.29/343/Rev.X, available at: 
http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html. 

Regulation No 107 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations 
(UN/ECE) – Uniform provisions concerning the approval of category M2 or M3 vehicles 
with regard to their general construction  

Addendum 106:  Regulation No. 107 

Revision 1 

Incorporating all valid text up to: 

01 series of amendments to the Regulation - Date of entry into force 12 August 2004 
Corrigendum 1 – 19.10.2004 
Corrigendum 2 – 25.01.2006 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.2.1. 

1.2.2. 

1.2.3. 

1.2.4. 

1.3. 

1.3.1. 

1.3.2. 

SCOPE 

This Regulation applies to every single-deck, double-deck, rigid or articulated 
vehicle of category M2 or M3 1/ 

However, the requirements of  this Regulation do not apply to the  following 
vehicles: 

Vehicles designed for the secure transport of persons, for example prisoners; 

Vehicles  specially  designed  for  the  carriage  of  injured  or  sick  persons 
(ambulances); 

Off-road vehicles. 

Vehicles specially designed for the carriage of schoolchildren. 

The requirements of this Regulation apply to the following vehicles only to 
the extent that they are compatible with their intended use and function: 

Vehicles designed for use by police, security and armed forces; 

Vehicles which contain seating intended solely for use when the vehicle is 
stationary,  but  which  are  not  designed  to  carry  more  than  8  persons 
(excluding  the  driver)  when  in  motion.    Examples  of  these  include  mobile 
libraries,  mobile  churches  and  mobile  hospitality  units.    The  seats  in  such 
vehicles which are designated for use when the vehicle is in motion must be 
clearly identified to users. 

1/  As defined in Annex 7 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3) 
(TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2).  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
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2. 

DEFINITIONS 

For the purpose of this Regulation: 

2.1. 

2.1.1. 

2.1.1.1. 

2.1.1.2. 

2.1.1.3. 

2.1.1.4. 

2.1.2. 

2.1.2.1. 

2.1.2.2. 

2.1.3. 

2.1.3.1. 

2.1.4. 

"Vehicle" means a vehicle of category M2 or M3 within the scope defined by 
paragraph 1. above. 

For  vehicles  having  a  capacity  exceeding  22  passengers  in  addition  to  the 
driver, there are three classes of vehicles: 

"Class  I":  vehicles  constructed  with  areas  for  standing  passengers,  to  allow 
frequent passenger movement. 

"Class  II":  vehicles  constructed  principally  for  the  carriage  of  seated 
passengers, and designed to allow the carriage of standing passengers in the 
gangway and/or in an area which does not exceed the space provided for two 
double seats. 

"Class  III":  vehicles  constructed  exclusively  for  the  carriage  of  seated 
passengers. 

A vehicle may be regarded as belonging in more than one Class.  In such a 
case it may be approved for each Class to which it corresponds. 

For vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers in addition to the 
driver, there are two classes of vehicles: 

"Class  A":  vehicles  designed  to  carry  standing  passengers;  a  vehicle  of  this 
class has seats and shall have provision for standing passengers. 

"Class  B":  vehicles  not  designed  to  carry  standing  passengers;  a  vehicle  of 
this class has no provision for standing passengers. 

"Articulated  vehicle"  means  a  vehicle  which  consists  of  two  or  more  rigid 
sections which articulate relative to one another;  the passenger compartments 
of each section intercommunicate so that passengers can move freely between 
them;  the rigid sections are permanently connected so that they can only be 
separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found 
in a workshop; 

"Double-decker articulated vehicle" means a vehicle which consists of two or 
more  rigid  sections  which  articulate  relative  to  one  another;    the  passenger 
compartments of each section intercommunicate on at least one deck so that 
passengers can move freely between them;  the rigid sections are permanently 
connected  so  that  they  can  only  be  separated  by  an  operation  involving 
facilities which are normally only found in a workshop. 

"Low floor bus" is a vehicle of class I, II or A in which at least 35 per cent of 
the area available for standing passengers (or in its forward section in the case 
of  articulated  vehicles,  or  in  its  lower  deck  in  the  case  of  double-decker 
vehicles)  forms  an  area  without  steps  and  includes  access  to  at  least  one 
service door. 

 
 
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2.1.5. 

2.1.6. 

2.1.7. 

2.2. 

2.2.1. 

"Bodywork"  means  a  separate  technical  unit  comprising  all  the  special 
internal and external equipment of the vehicle. 

"Double  deck  vehicle"  means  a  vehicle  where  the  provided  spaces  for 
passengers are arranged, at least in one part, in two superimposed levels and 
spaces for standing passengers are not provided in the upper deck. 

"Separate  technical  unit"  means  a  device  intended  to  be  part  of  a  vehicle, 
which  may  be  type-approved  separately but  only  in  relation  to  one  or  more 
specified types of vehicle; 

"Definition of type(s)" 

"Vehicle type" means vehicles, which do not differ in the following essential 
aspects: 

a)    bodywork manufacturer, 

b)    chassis manufacturer; 

c)    vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or < 22 passengers); 

d)    bodywork concept (single / double deck, articulated, low-floor). 

e)    bodywork  type  if  the  bodywork  has  been  approved  as  a  separate 

technical unit; 

2.2.2. 

"Bodywork  type"  for  the  purposes  of  type-approval  as  a  separate  technical 
unit  means  a  category  of  bodywork  which  do  not  essentially  differ  in  the 
following aspects: 

a)  bodywork manufacturer, 

b)  vehicle concept (> 22 passengers or < 22 passengers); 

c)  bodywork concept (single/ double deck, articulated, low-floor). 

d)   mass  of  the  completely  equipped  vehicle  bodywork,  differing  by  10 per 

cent. 

e)   specified  types  of  vehicle  on  which  the  type  of  the  bodywork  can  be 

installed. 

"Approval of a vehicle or a separate technical unit" means the approval of a 
vehicle type, or of a bodywork type as defined in paragraph 2.2. with regard 
to the constructional features specified in this Regulation; 

"Superstructure"  means  the  part  of  the  bodywork  which  contributes  to  the 
strength of the vehicle in the event of a roll-over accident; 

"Service  door"  means  a  door  intended  for  use  by  passengers  in  normal 
circumstances with the driver seated: 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2.6. 

2.7. 

2.8. 

2.9. 

2.10. 

2.11. 

2.12. 

2.13. 

2.14. 

2.15. 

2.15.1. 

2.15.2. 

2.15.3. 

2.16. 

"Double door" means a door affording two, or the equivalent of two, access 
passages; 

"Sliding door" means a door which can be opened or closed only by sliding it 
along one or more rectilinear or approximately rectilinear rails. 

"Emergency  door"  means  a  door  intended  for  use  by  passengers  as  an  exit 
only exceptionally, and in particular in an emergency; 

"Emergency window" means a window, not necessarily glazed, intended for 
use as an exit by passengers in an emergency only. 

"Double  or  multiple  window"  means  an  emergency  window  which,  when 
divided  into  two  or  more  parts  by  imaginary  vertical  line(s)  (or  plane(s)), 
exhibits  two  or  more  parts  respectively,  each  of  which  complies  as  to 
dimensions  and  access  with  the  requirements  applicable  to  a  normal 
emergency window; 

"Escape hatch" means an opening in the roof or the floor intended for use as 
an emergency exit by passengers in an emergency only; 

"Emergency  exit"  means  an  emergency  door,  emergency  window  or  escape 
hatch. 

"Exit"  means  a  service  door,  intercommunication  staircase,  half-staircase  or 
emergency exit; 

"Floor  or  deck"  means  that  part  of  the  bodywork  whose  upper  surface 
supports standing passengers, the feet of seated passengers and the driver and 
any crew member, and may support the seat mountings; 

"Gangway" means the space providing access by passengers from any seat or 
row of seats to any other seat or row of seats or to any access passage from or 
to any service door or intercommunication staircase and any area for standing 
passengers; it does not include: 

the  space  extending  300 mm  in  front  of  any  seat,  except  where  a  sideways-
facing seat is situated above a wheel arch, in which case this dimension may 
be reduced to 225 mm. 

the space above the surface of any step or staircase, or 

any space which affords access solely to one seat or row of seats or a facing 
pair of transverse seats or row of seats. 

"Access  passage"  means  the  space  extending  inwards  into  the  vehicle  from 
the  service  door  up  to  the  outermost  edge  of  the  upper  step  (edge  of  the 
gangway), intercommunication staircase or half-staircase.  Where there is no 
step  at  the  door,  the  space  to  be  considered  as  access  passage  shall  be  that 
which is measured according to annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1. up to a distance of 
300 mm from the starting position of the inner face of the dual panel. 

 
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2.17. 

2.18. 

2.19. 

2.20. 

2.21. 

2.22. 

2.23. 

2.24. 

2.25. 

2.26. 

2.27. 

2.28. 

"Driver's  compartment"  means  the  space  intended  for  driver's  exclusive  use 
except  in  the  case  of  an  emergency  and  containing  the  driver's  seat,  the 
steering wheel, controls, instruments and other devices necessary for driving 
or operating the vehicle. 

"Mass of the vehicle in running order" means the mass of the unladen vehicle 
with bodywork, and with coupling device in the case of a towing vehicle, in 
running order, or the mass of the chassis with cab if the manufacturer does not 
fit the bodywork and/or coupling device (including coolant, oils, 90 per cent 
fuel,  100 per  cent  other  liquids  except  used  waters,  tools,  spare  wheel  and 
driver  (75 kg),  and,  for  buses  and  coaches,  the  mass  of  the  crew  member 
(75 kg) if there is a crew seat in the vehicle. 

"Technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  (M)"  means  the  maximum 
mass of the vehicle based on its construction and performance, stated by the 
manufacturer.  The  technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  is  used  to 
determine the vehicle category. 

"Passenger" means a person, other than the driver or a member of the crew; 

"Passenger with reduced mobility" means all passengers who have a difficulty 
when using public transport, such as disabled people (including people with 
sensory and intellectual impairments, and wheelchair users, people with limb 
impairments,  people  of  small  stature,  people  with  heavy  luggage,  elderly 
people,  pregnant  women,  people  with  shopping  trolleys,  and  people  with 
children (including children seated in pushchairs). 

"Wheelchair  user"  means  a  person  who  due  to  infirmity  or  disability  uses  a 
wheelchair for mobility. 

"Member of the crew" means a person assigned to operate as a co-driver or 
the possible assistant. 

"Passenger  compartment"  means  a  space  intended  for  passengers’  use 
excluding any space occupied by fixed appliances such as bars, kitchenettes, 
toilets or baggage/goods compartments. 

"Power-operated  service  door"  means  a  service  door  which  is  operated 
exclusively  by  energy  other  than  muscular  energy  and  the  opening  and 
closing of which, if not automatically operated, is remotely controlled by the 
driver or a member of the crew. 

"Automatically-operated service-door" means a power-operated service door 
which can be opened (other than by means of emergency controls) only after 
a control is operated by a passenger and after activation of the controls by the 
driver, and which closes again automatically. 

"Starting prevention device" means a device which prevents the vehicle being 
driven away from rest; 

"Driver  operated  service  door"  means  a  service  door  which  normally  is 
opened and closed by the driver. 

 
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2.29. 

2.30. 

2.31. 

2.32. 

2.33. 

2.34. 

2.35. 

2.36. 

2.37. 

2.38. 

2.39. 

3. 

3.1. 

"Priority  seat"  means  a  seat  with  additional  space  for  a  passenger  with 
reduced mobility and marked accordingly. 

"Boarding  device"  means  a  device  to  facilitate  wheelchair  access  to 
vehicles, such as lifts, ramps, etc. 

"Kneeling system" means a system which lowers and lifts totally or partially 
the body of a vehicle relative to the normal position of travel. 

"Lift"  means  a  device  or  system  with  a  platform  that  can  be  raised  and 
lowered  to  provide  passenger  access  between  the  floor  of  a  passenger 
compartment and the ground or kerb. 

"Ramp" means a device to bridge the gap between the floor of a passenger 
compartment and the ground or kerb. 

"Portable  ramp"  means  a  ramp  that  may  be  detached  from  the  vehicle 
structure and capable of being deployed by a driver or crew member. 

"Demountable  seat"  means  a  seat  that  can  be  easily  detached  from  the 
vehicle. 

"Front"  and  "rear"  means  the  front  or  rear  of  the  vehicle  according  to  the 
normal direction of travel and the terms; "forward", "foremost", "rearward" 
and "rearmost" etc. shall be construed accordingly. 

"Intercommunication 
communication between the upper and lower decks. 

staircase"  means 

a 

staircase  which 

allows 

"Separate compartment" means a space in the vehicle which may be occupied 
by passengers or crew when the vehicle is in use and which is separated from 
any  other  passenger  or  crew  space,  except  where  any  partition  allows 
passengers  to  see  into  the  next  passenger  space,  and  is  connected  by  a 
gangway without doors. 

"Half  staircase"  is  a  staircase  from  the  upper  deck  which  terminates  in  an 
emergency door. 

APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL 

The application for approval of: 

a)  a vehicle type or 

b)  a separate technical unit type or 

c)  a vehicle type fitted with bodywork type already approved as a separate 

technical unit 

with regard to its constructional features shall be submitted by the responsible 
manufacturer or by his duly accredited representative. 

 
 
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3.2. 

3.3.  

3.3.1. 

3.3.2. 

3.3.3. 

3.4. 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

4.3. 

4.4. 

In the case of an application for approval of a vehicle made by assembling a 
chassis  with  type-approved  bodywork,  the  term  manufacturer  refers  to  the 
assembler. 

 A model for the information document relating to the constructional features 
is given in annex 1 Part 1. 

Appendix 1:  for a vehicle type, 

Appendix 2:  for a bodywork type, 

Appendix 3:  for a vehicle type fitted with bodywork already approved as a 
separate technical unit. 

A vehicle(s) or a bodywork(s) representative of the type to be approved shall 
be  submitted  to  the  technical  service  responsible  for  conducting  the  type-
approval tests. 

APPROVAL 

If the vehicle or bodywork submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation 
meets the requirements of paragraph 5., approval of that vehicle or bodywork 
type shall be granted. 

An approval number shall be assigned to each vehicle type approved.  Its first 
two digits (at present 01, corresponding to the 01 series of amendments) shall 
indicate  the  series  of  amendments  incorporating  the  most  recent  major 
technical  amendment  made  to  the  Regulation  at  the  time  of  issue  of  the 
approval.    The  same  Contracting  Party  may  not  assign  the  same  number  to 
another vehicle or bodywork type within the meaning of paragraph 2.2. 

Notice of approval or of extension of approval of a vehicle or bodywork type 
pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties 
to the Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a form conforming to 
the model in annex 1 to this Regulation. 

There  shall  be  affixed,  conspicuously  and  in  a  readily  accessible  place 
specified on the approval form, to every vehicle or bodywork conforming to a 
vehicle  or  bodywork  type  approved  under  this  Regulation,  an  international 
approval mark consisting of: 

4.4.1. 

a circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of 
the country which has granted approval 2/ and 

2/  1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the Netherlands, 5 for Sweden, 6 for Belgium, 7 for Hungary, 8 
for the Czech Republic, 9 for Spain, 10 for Serbia and Montenegro, 11 for the United Kingdom, 12 for Austria, 13 
for Luxembourg, 14 for Switzerland, 15 (vacant), 16 for Norway, 17 for Finland, 18 for Denmark, 19 for Romania, 
20 for Poland, 21 for Portugal, 22 for the Russian Federation, 23 for Greece, 24 for Ireland, 25 for Croatia, 26 for 
Slovenia,  27  for  Slovakia,  28  for  Belarus,  29  for  Estonia,  30  (vacant),  31 for  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina,  32  for 
Latvia, 33 (vacant), 34 for Bulgaria, 35 (vacant), 36 for Lithuania, 37 for Turkey, 38 (vacant), 39 for Azerbaijan, 40 
for  The  former  Yugoslav  Republic  of  Macedonia,  41  (vacant),  42  for  the  European  Community  (Approvals  are 
granted by its Member States using their respective ECE symbol), 43 for Japan, 44 (vacant), 45 for Australia, 46 for 
Ukraine, 47 for South Africa, 48 for New Zealand, 49 for Cyprus and 50 for Malta. .  Subsequent numbers shall be 

 
                                                 
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4.4.2. 

4.4.3. 

4.5. 

4.6. 

4.7. 

4.8. 

5. 

5.1. 

5.2. 

5.3. 

5.4. 

the  number  of  this  Regulation,  followed  by  the  letter  "R",  a  dash  and  the 
approval number, to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.4.1.; and 

an  additional  symbol consisting  of  the  Roman  numerals  for  the  Class(es)  in 
which  the  vehicle  or  bodywork  has  been  approved.    A  bodywork  approved 
separately shall additionally bear the letter S. 

If the vehicle conforms to a vehicle type approved, under one or more other 
Regulations  annexed  to  the  Agreement,  in  the  country  which  has  granted 
approval  under  this  Regulation,  the  symbol  prescribed  in  paragraph  4.4.1. 
need  not  be  repeated;  in  such  a  case,  the  Regulation  and  approval  numbers 
and the additional symbols of all  the Regulations  under  which  approval  has 
been granted in the country which has granted approval under this Regulation 
shall  be  placed  in  vertical  columns  to  the  right  of  the  symbol  prescribed  in 
paragraph 4.4.1. 

The approval mark shall be clearly legible and be indelible. 

The  approval  mark  shall  be  placed  close  to  or  on  the  vehicle  or  bodywork 
data plate affixed by the manufacturer. 

Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval 
marks. 

REQUIREMENTS 

All  vehicles  shall  comply  with  the  provisions  set  out  in  annex  3  to  this 
Regulation  (modified  by  annex  9  in  the  case  of  double-deck  vehicles). 
Bodyworks  approved  separately  shall  comply  with  annex  5  and/or  10  as 
appropriate. The approval of a vehicle incorporating a bodywork approved in 
accordance with annex 10 shall be completed in accordance with that annex. 

Vehicles  of  Class  I  shall  be  accessible  for  people  with  reduced  mobility 
including wheelchair users according to the technical provisions laid down in 
annex 8. 

Contracting  Parties  shall  be  free  to  choose  the  most  appropriate  solution  to 
achieve  improved  accessibility  in  vehicles  other  than  those  of  Class  I.  
However, if vehicles other than those of Class I are equipped with devices for 
people with reduced mobility and/or wheelchair users, they shall comply with 
the relevant requirements of annex 8. 

Nothing  in  this  Regulation  shall  prevent  the  national  authorities  of  a 
Contracting Party from specifying that certain types of operation are reserved 
for vehicles which are equipped for the transport of passengers with reduced 
mobility in accordance with annex 8. 

assigned to other countries in the chronological order in which they ratify or accede to the Agreement Concerning 
the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted 
and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the 
Basis of these Prescriptions, and the numbers thus assigned shall be communicated by the Secretary-General of the 
United Nations to the Contracting Parties to the Agreement.  

 
 
                                                                                                                                                         
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6. 

6.1. 

6.1.1. 

6.1.2. 

6.2. 

6.3. 

MODIFICATION  AND  EXTENSION  OF  APPROVAL  OF  A  VEHICLE 
OR BODYWORK TYPE 

Every  modification  of  the  vehicle  or  bodywork  type  shall  be  notified  to  the 
administrative department which approved the vehicle type.  That department 
may then either: 

consider  that  the  modifications  made  are  unlikely  to  have  an  appreciable 
adverse  effect  and  that,  in  any  case,  the  vehicle  or  bodywork  still  complies 
with the requirements; or 

require  a  further  test  report  from  the  technical  service  responsible  for 
conducting the tests. 

Confirmation  or  refusal  of  approval,  specifying  the  modifications,  shall  be 
communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.3. to the Contracting 
Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation. 

The  competent  authority  issuing  the  extension  of  approval  shall  assign  a 
series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Contracting 
Parties  to  the  1958  Agreement  applying  this  Regulation  by  means  of  a 
communication form conforming to the model in annex 1, appendix 2 to this 
Regulation. 

7. 

CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

7.1. 

7.2. 

8. 

8.1. 

8.2. 

The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in 
the Agreement, appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the 
following requirements: 

Vehicles  and  bodyworks  approved 
this  Regulation  shall  be  so 
manufactured  as  to  conform  to  the  type  approved  by  meeting  the 
requirements set forth in paragraph 5. above. 

to 

The  competent  authority  which  has  granted  type-approval  may  at  any  time 
verify the conformity control methods applicable to each production facility.  
The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once per two years. 

PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION 

The approval granted in respect of a vehicle or bodywork type pursuant to this 
Regulation  may  be  withdrawn  if  the  requirement  laid  down  in  paragraph  5. 
above is not complied with. 

If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws 
an  approval  it  has  previously  granted,  it  shall  forthwith  notify  the  other 
Contracting  Parties  applying  this  Regulation,  by  means  of  a communication 
form conforming to the model in annex 1, appendix 2 to this Regulation. 

9. 

PRODUCTION DEFINITELY DISCONTINUED 

If  the  holder  of  the  approval  completely  ceases  to  manufacture  a  type  of 
vehicle or bodywork under this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority 

 
 
 
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10. 

10.1. 

10.2. 

10.3. 

10.4. 

11. 

which granted the approval.  Upon receiving the relevant communication, that 
authority  shall  inform  thereof  the  other  Parties  to  the  1958  Agreement 
applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to 
the model in annex 1, part 1 to this Regulation. 

TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS 

As from the official date of entry into force of the 01 series of amendments, 
no  Contracting  Party  applying  this  Regulation  shall  refuse  to  grant  ECE 
approval under this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments. 

No  Contracting  Party  applying  this  Regulation  shall  refuse  national  type 
approval  of  a  vehicle  type  approved  to  the  01  series  of  amendments  to  this 
Regulation. 

As  from  36  months  after  the  date  of  entry  into  force,  Contracting  Parties 
applying this Regulation shall grant approvals only if the vehicle type to be 
approved  meets  the  requirements  of  this  Regulation  as  amended  by  the  01 
series of amendments. 

Starting 72 months after the entry into force of the 01 series of amendments to 
this Regulation, Contracting Parties applying this Regulation may refuse first 
national registration (first entry into service) of a vehicle which does not meet 
the requirements of the 01 series of amendments to this Regulation. 

NAMES  AND  ADDRESSES  OF 
SERVICES 
CONDUCTING  APPROVAL  TESTS,  AND  ADMINISTRATIVE 
DEPARTMENTS 

TECHNICAL 

The Contracting Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation shall 
communicate  to  the  Secretariat  of  the  United  Nations  the  names  and 
addresses of the technical services responsible for conducting approval tests 
and  of  the  administrative  departments  which  grant  approval  and  to  which 
forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, 
issued in other countries, are to be sent. 

12. 

REMARKS  CONCERNING  PERMISSIBLE  AXLE  LOADS  OR  TOTAL 
VEHICLE MASS 

Contracting  Parties  to  the  Agreement  are  not  precluded  by  article 3  of  that 
Agreement from prohibiting the registration on their territory of vehicle types, 
approved  by  another  Contracting  Party  in  accordance  with  this  Regulation 
whenever  passenger  and  luggage  capacities  result  in  the  axle  loads  or  the 
technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle being higher than 
the legal limits in force on their territory. 

 
 
 
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ANNEX 

LIST OF ANNEXES 

Annex 1 

ECE Type-approval documentation 

Annex 2 

Annex 3 

Annex 4 

Annex 5 

Annex 6 

Annex 7. 

Annex 8 

Annex 9. 

Annex 10 

Part I 

Model Information document 

Part II 

Type-approval certificate. 

Arrangements of approval marks 

Requirements to be met by all vehicles 

Appendix  :  Verification  Of  Static  Tilting  Limit  By  Means  Of 
Calculation 

Explanatory diagrams 

Strength of Superstructure 

Guidelines  for  measuring  the  closing  forces  of  power  operated 
doors 

Special requirements for vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 
22 passengers 

Requirements  for 
passengers with reduced mobility. 

technical  devices  facilitating  access  for 

Special requirements for double-deck vehicles 

Type approval for separate technical units and type approval of a 
vehicle  fitted  with  a  bodywork  already  approved  as  a  separate 
technical unit. 

Annex 11 

Masses and dimensions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Official Journal of the European Union 

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ANNEX 1 

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION 

Part 1 

Model Information documents 

Appendix 1 

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT 

pursuant to Regulation No. 107 relating to type-approval of Category M2 or M3 vehicles with 
regard to their general construction. 

The  following  information,  if  applicable,  must  be  supplied  in  triplicate  and  include  a  list  of 
contents.  Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 
or on a folder of A4 format.  Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. 

If  the  systems,  components  or  separate  technical  units  have  electronic  controls,  information 
concerning their performance must be supplied. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.2.1. 

1.2.2. 

1.3. 

1.3.1. 

1.3.2. 

1.3.3. 

1.3.3.1. 

1.3.3.2. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

2. 

2.1. 

GENERAL 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Chassis: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): 

Chassis: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Location of that marking 

Chassis: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Category of vehicle (c): 

Name and address of manufacturer: 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 

Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: 

 
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2.2. 

2.3. 

2.3.1. 

2.3.2. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

2.6. 

2.7. 

2.8. 

2.8.1. 

2.9. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

3.2.1. 

3.2.1.1. 

3.2.1.2. 

3.2.1.3. 

3.2.1.4. 

3.2.1.5. 

3.3. 

3.4. 

Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: 

Number of axles and wheels: 

Number and position of axles with double wheels: 

Number and position of steered axles: 

Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): 

Material used for the side-members (d): 

Position and arrangement of the engine: 

Driving cab (forward, or normal) (z): 

Hand of drive: 

Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left 1/ hand traffic. 

Specify if the motor vehicle is intended to tow trailers and if the trailer is a 
semi-, drawbar or centre-axle trailer. 

MASSES AND DIMENSIONS (e) (in kg and mm) (refer to drawing where 
applicable) 

Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): 

Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) 

For chassis with bodywork 

Length (j): 

Width (k): 

Height  (in  running  order)  (l)  (for  suspension  adjustable  for  height,  indicate 
normal running position): 

Front overhang (m): 

Rear overhang (n): 

Position  of  centre  of  gravity  of  the  vehicle  at  its  technically  permissible 
maximum laden mass in the longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions. 

Mass of the vehicle with bodywork, and in the case of a towing vehicle of a 
category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, 
in  running  order,  or  the  mass  of  the  chassis  or  chassis  with  cab,  without 
bodywork  and/or  coupling  device  if  the  manufacturer  does  not  fit  the 
bodywork and/or coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and 
driver, and, for buses and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in 
the vehicle) (o) (maximum and minimum for each variant): 

 
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3.4.1. 

3.5. 

3.5.1. 

3.6. 

3.7. 

Distribution of this mass among the axles and, in the case of a semi-trailer or 
centre  axle  trailer,  load  on  the  coupling  point  (maximum  and  minimum  for 
each variant): 

Technically permissible maximum laden mass stated by the manufacturer (y) 
(maximum and minimum for each variant): 

Distribution of this mass among the axles (maximum and minimum for each 
variant): 

Technically permissible maximum load/mass on each axle: 

Technically permissible maximum mass on the coupling point: 

3.7.1. 

of the motor vehicle: 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

5. 

5.1. 

5.2. 

5.2.1. 

5.2.2. 

5.2.3. 

5.2.4. 

5.3. 

5.3.1. 

5.3.2. 

5.3.3. 

5.4. 

5.4.1. 

5.4.2. 

5.4.3. 

BODYWORK 

Type of bodywork: single deck / double deck / articulated / low floor 1/" 

Materials used and methods of construction: 

SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE 
OF  PASSENGERS  COMPRISING  MORE  THAN  EIGHT  SEATS  IN 
ADDITION TO THE DRIVER’S SEAT 

Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B): 

Area for passengers (m2): 

Total (So): 

Upper deck (Soa): 1/ 

Lower deck (Sob): 1/ 

For standing passengers (S1): 

Number of passengers (seated and standing): 

Total (N): 

Upper deck (Na): 1/ 

Lower deck (Nb): 1/ 

Number of passengers (seated): 

Total (A): 

Upper deck (Aa): 1/ 

Lower deck (Ab): 1/ 

 
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5.5. 

5.6. 

5.7. 

5.7.1. 

5.7.2. 

5.7.3. 

5.8. 

5.9. 

5.10. 

5.11. 

5.11.1. 

5.11.2. 

5.11.2.1. 

5.11.2.2. 

Crew seat: yes/no (1) 

Number of service doors: 

Number  of 
intercommunication staircase and half staircase): 

emergency 

exits 

(doors,  windows, 

escape  hatches, 

Total: 

Upper deck: 1/ 

Lower deck: 1/ 

Volume of baggage compartments (m3): 

Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): 

Technical  devices  facilitating  the  access  to  vehicles  (e.g.  ramp,  lifting 
platform, kneeling system), if fitted: 

STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE: 

Regulation No. 66 type-approval number, if available: 

For superstructures not yet approved: 

Detailed  description  of  the  superstructure  of  the  vehicle  type  including  its 
dimensions, configuration and constituent materials and its attachment to any 
chassis frame: 

Drawings  of  the  vehicle  and  those  parts  of  its  interior  arrangement  which 
have  an  influence  on  the  strength  of  the  superstructure  or  on  the  residual 
space: 

5.11.2.3. 

Position  of  centre  of  gravity  of  the  vehicle  in  running  order  in  the 
longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions: 

5.11.2.4. 

Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats. 

______________________________ 

Explanatory notes: 

1/ 

(b) 

(c) 

Delete  where  not  applicable  (there  are  cases  where  nothing  needs  to  be 
deleted when more than one entry is applicable). 

If  the  means  of  identification  of  type  contains  characters  not  relevant  to 
describe  the  vehicle,  component  or  separate  technical  unit  types  covered  by 
this  information  document,  such  characters  shall  be  represented  in  the 
documentation by the symbol "?" (e.g. ABC??123??). 

As  defined  in  annex  7  to  the  Consolidated  Resolution  of  Construction  of 
Vehicles (R.E.3).  (TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2) 

 
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(d) 

If possible, designation according to Euro norm, otherwise give: 

a)  description of the material, 

b)  yield point, 

c)  ultimate tensile stress, 

d)  elongation (in per cent), 

e)  Brinell hardness. 

(e) 

(f) 

(j) 

(k) 

(l) 

(m) 

(n) 

(o) 

(y) 

(z) 

Where there is one version with a normal cab and another with a sleeper cab, 
both sets of masses and dimensions are to be stated. 

ISO Standard 612 - 1978, term No 6.4. 

Annex 11, paragraph 2.4.1. 

Annex 11, paragraph 4.2. 

Annex 11, paragraph 2.4.3. 

ISO Standard 612 - 1978, Term No 6.6. 

ISO Standard 612 - 1978, Term No 6.7. 

The mass of the driver and, if applicable, of the crew member is assessed at 
75 kg (subdivided into 68 kg occupant mass and 7 kg luggage mass according 
to  ISO  Standard  2416 : 1992),  the  fuel  tank  is  filled  to  90  per  cent  and  the 
other liquid containing systems (except those for used water) to 100 per cent 
of the capacity specified by the manufacturer. 

For  trailer  or  a  semi-trailer,  which  exert  a  significant  vertical  load  on  the 
coupling device or the fifth wheel, this load, divided by standard acceleration 
of gravity, is included in the maximum technically permissible mass. 

Forward control means a configuration in which more than half of the engine 
length  is  rearward  of  the  foremost  point  of  the  windshield  base  and  the 
steering wheel hub in the forward quarter of the vehicle length. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Official Journal of the European Union 

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ANNEX 1 

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION 

Part 1 

Model Information documents 

Appendix 2 

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT 
relating to Regulation No. 107 relating to type-approval of bodywork for Category M2 or M3 
vehicles with regard to their general construction. 

The  following  information,  if  applicable,  must  be  supplied  in  triplicate  and  include  a  list  of 
contents.  Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 
or on a folder of A4 format.  Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. 

If  the  systems,  components  or  separate  technical  units  have  electronic  controls,  information 
concerning their performance must be supplied. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.3.1. 

1.3.2. 

1.3.3. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

GENERAL 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Location of that marking: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of 
affixing of the ECE type-approval mark. 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 

Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: 

Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: 

Number of axles and wheels: 

Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): 

Material used for the side-members (d): 

 
 
 
 
 
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2.6. 

2.7. 

2.8. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

Position and arrangement of the engine: 

Driving cab (forward control or bonneted) (z): 

Hand of drive: 

MASSES  AND  DIMENSIONS  (e)  (in  kg  and  mm)  (refer  to  drawing  where 
applicable) 

Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): 

Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) 

3.2.1. 

For bodywork approved without chassis: 

3.2.1.1. 

Length (j): 

3.2.1.2. 

Width (k): 

3.2.1.3. 

Height  (in  running  order)  (l)  (for  suspensions  adjustable  for  height,  indicate 
normal running position): 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

5. 

5.1. 

5.1.1. 

5.2. 

5.2.1. 

BODYWORK 

Type of bodywork: single deck / double deck / articulated / low floor 1/ 

Materials used and methods of construction: 

SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR VEHICLES USED FOR THE CARRIAGE OF 
PASSENGERS COMPRISING MORE THAN EIGHT SEATS IN ADDITION 
TO THE DRIVER’S SEAT 

Class of vehicle (Class I, Class II, Class III, Class A, Class B): 

Chassis  types  where  the  type-approved  body  can  be  installed  (manufacturer(s) 
and vehicle(s) types): 

Area for passengers (m2): 

Total (So): 

5.2.1.1. 

Upper deck (Soa): 1/ 

5.2.1.2. 

Lower deck (Sob): 1/ 

5.2.2. 

5.3. 

5.3.1. 

5.3.2. 

5.3.3. 

For standing passengers (S1): 

Number of passengers (seated and standing): 

Total (N): 

Upper deck (Na): 1/ 

Lower deck (Nb): 1/ 

 
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5.4. 

5.4.1. 

5.4.2. 

5.4.3. 

5.5. 

5.6. 

5.6.1. 

5.6.2. 

5.6.3. 

5.7. 

5.8. 

5.9. 

Number of passenger seats: 

Total (A): 

Upper deck (Aa): 1/ 

Lower deck (Ab): 1/ 

Number of service doors: 

Number 
intercommunication staircase and half staircase): 

emergency 

exits 

of 

(doors,  windows, 

escape 

hatches, 

Total: 

Upper deck: 1/ 

Lower deck: 1/ 

Volume of baggage compartments (m3):  

Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): 

Technical devices facilitating the access to vehicles (e.g. ramp, lifting platform, 
kneeling system), if fitted: 

5.10. 

STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE: 

5.10.1. 

Regulation No. 66 type-approval number, if available: 

5.10.2. 

For superstructures not yet approved: 

5.10.2.1. 

5.10.2.2. 

5.10.2.3. 

Detailed  description  of  the  superstructure  of  the  vehicle  type  including  its 
dimensions,  configuration  and  constituent  materials  and  its  attachment  to  any 
chassis frame: 

Drawings of the vehicle and those parts of its interior arrangement which have 
an influence on the strength of the superstructure or on the residual space: 

Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle in running order in the longitudinal, 
transverse and vertical directions: 

5.10.2.4. 

Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats. 

5.11. 

Points of this Regulation to be accomplished and demonstrated for this separate 
technical unit: 

______________________________ 

Explanatory notes: See Appendix 1 

 
 
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ANNEX 1 

ECE TYPE-APPROVAL DOCUMENTATION 

Part 1 

Model Information documents 

Appendix 3 

MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT 

Pursuant to Regulation No. 107 relating to type-approval of a M2 or M3 vehicle where the 
bodywork has previously obtained the type-approval as a separate technical unit, with respect to 
its general construction 

The  following  information,  if  applicable,  must  be  supplied  in  triplicate  and  include  a  list  of 
contents.  Any drawings must be supplied in appropriate scale and in sufficient detail on size A4 
or on a folder of A4 format.  Photographs, if any, must show sufficient detail. 

If  the  systems,  components  or  separate  technical  units  have  electronic  controls,  information 
concerning their performance must be supplied. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.2.1. 

1.2.2. 

1.3. 

1.3.1. 

1.3.2. 

1.3.3. 

GENERAL 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Chassis: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Means of identification of type, if marked on the vehicle (b): 

Chassis: 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

Location of marking: 

1.3.3.1. 

Chassis: 

1.3.3.2. 

Bodywork/complete vehicle: 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

2. 

Category of vehicle (c): 

Name and address of manufacturer: 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

GENERAL CONSTRUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VEHICLE 

 
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2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

Photographs and/or drawings of a representative vehicle: 

Dimensional drawing of the whole vehicle: 

Number of axles and wheels: 

2.3.1. 

Number and position of axles with double wheels. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

2.6. 

2.7. 

Chassis (if any) (overall drawing): 

Material used for the side members (d): 

Position and arrangement of the engine: 

Hand of drive: 

2.7.1. 

Vehicle is equipped to be driven in right/left 1/ hand traffic. 

3. 

Masses and Dimensions (e) (in kg and mm) 

(Refer to drawing where applicable) 

Wheel base(s) (fully loaded) (f): 

Range of vehicle dimensions (overall) 

3.1. 

3.2. 

3.2.1. 

For chassis with bodywork 

3.2.1.1. 

Length (j): 

3.2.1.2. 

Width (k): 

3.2.1.2.1. 

Maximum width: 

3.2.1.3. 

3.3. 

3.3.1. 

3.4. 

3.4.1. 

Height  (in  running  order)  (l)  (for  suspensions  adjustable  for  height,  indicate 
normal running position): 

Mass  of  the  vehicle  with  bodywork  and,  in  the  case  of  a  towing  vehicle  of  a 
category other than M1, with coupling device, if fitted by the manufacturer, in 
running order, or the mass of the chassis or chassis with cab, without bodywork 
and/or  coupling  device  if  the  manufacturer  does  not  fit  the  bodywork  and/or 
coupling device (including liquids, tools, spare wheel and driver, and, for buses 
and coaches, a crew member if there is a crew seat in the vehicle): (o) (maximum 
and minimum for each variant). 

Distribution  of  this  mass  among  the  axles  and,  in  the  case  of  a  semi-trailer  or 
centre axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum for each 
variant): 

Technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  stated  by  the  manufacturer  (y) 
(maximum and minimum): 

Distribution  of  this  mass  among  the  axles  and,  in  the  case  of  a  semi-trailer  or 
centre-axle trailer, load on the coupling point (maximum and minimum): 

 
 
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3.5. 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

4.2.1. 

4.2.2. 

4.3. 

4.4. 

Technically permissible maximum mass/load on each axle: 

Strength of superstructure: 

Regulation No. 66 type-approval number, if available: 

For superstructures not yet approved: 

Detailed  description  of  the  superstructure  of  the  vehicle  type  including  its 
dimensions,  configuration  and  constituent  materials  and  its  attachment  to  any 
chassis frame: 

Drawings of the vehicle and those parts of its interior arrangement which have 
an influence on the strength of the superstructure or on the residual space: 

Position of centre of gravity of the vehicle in running order in the longitudinal, 
transverse and vertical directions: 

Maximum distance between the centre lines of the outboard passenger seats. 

____________________________ 

Explanatory notes: See Appendix 1 

 
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Annex 1, part 2, appendix 1 

COMMUNICATION 
(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm)) 

issued by: Name of administration 
.......................................  
.........................................  

Communication concerning the 

- type-approval 2/ 
- extension of type-approval 2/ 
- refusal of type-approval 2/ 
- withdrawal of type-approval 2 

of a type of a vehicle/component/separate technical unit 2/ with regard to Regulation No. 107 

Approval number: 

Reason for extension: 

SECTION I 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Means  of  identification  of  type  if  marked  on  the  vehicle/  component/  separate 
technical unit 2/ 3/ 

3.1. 

Location of that marking: 

Category of vehicle 2/ 4/ 

Name and address of manufacturer: 

In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of 
affixing of the type-approval mark: 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7 

SECTION II 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

1.7. 

1.7.1. 

1.7.2. 

1.7.3. 

1.7.4. 

Additional information (where applicable): see addendum 

Technical service responsible for carrying out the tests: 

Date of test report: 

Number of test report: 

Remarks (if any): see addendum 

Place: 

Date: 

Signature: 

The index to the information package lodged with the approval authority, which 
may be obtained on request, is attached. 

Addendum to type-approval certificate No. ........ 
concerning the type-approval of a vehicle with regard to Regulation No. 107. 

Additional information 

Category of vehicle (M2, M3): 2/ 

Bodywork concept (single/double deck, articulated, low-floor 2/ 

Technically permissible maximum mass (kg): 

Length (overall): . . . mm 

Width (overall): . . . mm 

Height (overall): . . . mm 

Number of passengers (seated and standing): 

Total (N): 

Upper deck (Na) 2/ 

Lower deck (Nb) 2/ 

Number of passengers seated: 

1.7.4.1. 

Total (A): 

1.7.4.2. 

Upper deck (Aa) 2/ 

1.7.4.3. 

Lower deck (Ab) 2/: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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1.8. 

1.9. 

1.10. 

1.11. 

Volume of baggage compartments (m3): 

Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): 

Technical  devices  facilitating  access  to  vehicles  (ramp,  lifting  platform, 
kneeling-system): 

Position of centre of gravity of the laden vehicle in the longitudinal, transverse 
and vertical directions: 

1.12. 

Superstructure strength 

1.12.1. 

type-approval number, if required: 

1.13.  

Approval  granted  in  accordance  with  annex  11,  paragraph  7.6.3.1.  (A)  / 
paragraph 7.6.3.1. (B) 2/ 

2. 

Remarks: 

___________ 

_______________ 
1/ 

Distinguishing  number  of  the  country  which  has  granted/extended/refused/withdrawn 
approval (see approval provision in the Regulation.) 
Delete where not applicable. 
If  the  means  of  identification  of  type  contains  characters  not  relevant  to  describe  the 
vehicle,  component  or  separate  technical  unit  types  covered  by  this  type-approval 
certificate such characters shall be represented in the documentation by the symbol:   "?" 
(e.g. ABC??123??). 
As defined in the Consolidated Resolution of Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3). 

2/ 
3/ 

4/ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 1 

Part 2 

Appendix 2 

(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm)) 

COMMUNICATION 

issued by: Name of administration 
.............................................................. 
……………………………………….. 
……………………………………….. 

Communication concerning the 

- type-approval 2/ 
- extension of type-approval 2/ 
- refusal of type-approval 2 
- withdrawal of type-approval 2/ 

of a type of a vehicle/component/separate technical unit 2/ with regard to Regulation No. 107 
Type-approval number: 
Reason for extension: 

SECTION I 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Means  of  identification  of  type  if  marked  on  the  vehicle/  component/  separate 
technical unit 2/ 3/ 

3.1. 

Location of that marking: 

4. 

5. 

Category of vehicle 2/ 4/ 

Name and address of manufacturer: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of 
fixing of the ECE approval mark: 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

6. 

7. 

SECTION II 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.4. 

1.4.1. 

1.4.2. 

1.4.3. 

1.4.4. 

Additional information (where applicable): see addendum 

Technical service responsible for carrying out the tests: 

Date of test report: 

Number of test report: 

Remarks (if any): see addendum 

Place: 

Date: 

Signature: 

The index to the information package lodged with the approval authority, which 
may be obtained on request, is attached. 

Addendum to type-approval certificate No.  ........ 
concerning the type-approval of a bodywork as a separate technical unit with 
regard to Regulation No. 107 

Additional information 

Category of vehicle where the body can be installed (M2, M3): 2/ 

Bodywork concept (single/double deck, articulated, low-floor): 2/ 

Chassis type(s) where the body can be installed: 

Number of passengers (seated and standing): 

Total (N): 

Upper deck (Na): 2/ 

Lower deck (Nb): 2/ 

Number of passengers seated: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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1.4.4.1. 

Total (A): 

1.4.4.2. 

Upper deck (Aa): 2/ 

1.4.4.3. 

Lower deck (Ab): 2/ 

1.5. 

1.6. 

1.7. 

Volume of baggage compartments (m3): 

Area for baggage transportation on the roof (m2): 

Technical  devices  facilitating  access  to  vehicles  (ramp,  lifting  platform, 
kneeling-system): 

1.8. 

Strength of superstructure 

1.8.1. 

type-approval number, if required: 

2. 

3. 

Remarks: 

Points accomplished and demonstrated for this separate technical unit: 

________ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Annex 1, part 2, appendix 3 

(maximum format: A4 (210 mm x 297 mm)) 

COMMUNICATION 

issued by: Name of administration 
.............................................................. 
……………………………………….. 
……………………………………….. 

Communication concerning the 

- type-approval 2/ 
- extension of type-approval 2/ 
- refusal of type-approval 2/ 
- withdrawal of type-approval 2/ 

of a type of a vehicle/component/separate technical unit 2/ with regard to Regulation No. 107 

Type-approval number: 
Reason for extension: 

SECTION I 

1. 

2. 

3. 

Make (trade name of manufacturer): 

Type: 

Means  of  identification  of  type  if  marked  on  the  vehicle/  component/  separate 
technical unit 2/ 3/ 

3.1. 

Location of that marking: 

4. 

5. 

Category of vehicle 2/ 4/ 

Name and address of manufacturer: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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6. 

7. 

SECTION II 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

In the case of components and separate technical units, location and method of 
fixing of the approval mark: 

Address(es) of assembly plant(s): 

Additional information (where applicable): See Addendum 

Technical service responsible for carrying out the tests: 

Date of test report: 

Number of test report: 

Remarks (if any): See Addendum 

Place: 

Date: 

Signature: 

The index to the information package lodged with the approval authority, which 
may be obtained on request, is attached. 

Addendum to type-approval certificate No.  ........ 
concerning the type-approval for a vehicle type fitted with a bodywork 
already approved as a separate technical unit with regard to Regulation No. 107. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

Additional information 

Category of vehicle (M2, M3): 2/ 

Technically permissible maximum mass (kg): 

Position of centre of gravity of the laden vehicle in the longitudinal, transverse 
and vertical directions: 

1.4. 

Superstructure strength 

1.4.1. 

type-approval number, if required: 

1.5. 

Approval  granted  in  accordance  with  annex  11,  paragraph.  7.6.3.1  (A)  / 
paragraph 7.6.3.1. (B) 2/ 

2. 

Remarks: 

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_______________ 
1/  Distinguishing  number  of  the  country  which  has  granted/extended/refused/withdrawn 

approval (see approval provision in the Regulation.) 

2/  Delete where not applicable. 
3/ 

If  the  means  of  identification  of  type  contains  characters  not  relevant  to  describe  the 
vehicle,  component  or  separate  technical  unit  types  covered  by  this  type-approval 
certificate such characters shall be represented in the documentation by the symbol:   "?" 
(e.g. ABC??123??). 

4/  As defined Consolidated Resolution R.E.3 

 
 
 
 
 
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Annex 2 

ARRANGEMENTS OF APPROVAL MARKS 

Model A 

(See paragraph 4.4. of this Regulation) 

01

a = 8 mm min

The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has, with 
regard  to  its  constructional  features,  been  approved  in  the  Netherlands  (E  4)  for  Class  III, 
pursuant  to  Regulation  No.  107  under  approval  number  012439.    The  approval  number 
indicates that the approval was granted according to the requirements of Regulation No. 107 as 
amended by the 01 series of amendments. 

Model B 

(See paragraph 4.5. of this Regulation) 

The above approval mark affixed to a vehicle shows that the vehicle type concerned has been 

01010101

approved  in  the  Netherlands  (E  4)  pursuant  to  Regulations Nos.  107  and  43.*/    The  first  two 
digits  of  the  approval  numbers  indicate  that,  at  the  dates  when  the  respective  approvals  were 
given, Regulation No. 107 included the 01 series of amendments and Regulation No. 43 was in 
its original form. 
___________ 
*/  This number is given merely as an example. 

a = 8 mm min

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Model C 

 (See paragraph 4.4.3. of this Regulation) 

The  above  approval  mark  affixed  to  a  vehicle  bodywork  shows  that  the  bodywork  type 

R S

01

a = 8 mm min

concerned  has,  with  regard  to  its  constructional  features,  been  approved  separately  in  the 
Netherlands  (E  4)  for  Class  III  as  a  separate  bodywork  (letter  S),  pursuant  to  Regulation  No. 
107  under  approval  number 012439.    The  approval  number  indicates  that  the  approval  was 
granted  according  to  the  requirements  of  Regulation  No.  107  as  amended  by  the 01  series  of 
amendments. 

__________

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 3 

REQUIREMENTS TO BE MET BY ALL VEHICLES 

1.-6. 

7. 

7.1 

7.1.1. 

7.1.2. 

7.2. 

7.2.1. 

7.2.2. 

7.2.2.1. 

(reserved) 

REQUIREMENTS 

General 

Unless otherwise stated, all measurements shall be made when the vehicle is 
at  its  mass  in  running  order  and  it  is  standing  on  a  smooth  and  horizontal 
ground surface and in the normal condition for travel.  If a kneeling system 
is fitted, it shall be set so the vehicle is at its normal ride height for travel.  
In the case of approval of bodywork as a separate technical unit the position 
of  the  body  relative  to  the  flat  horizontal  surface  shall  be  specified  by  the 
manufacturer. 

Wherever  there  is  a  requirement  in  this  Regulation  for  a  surface  in  the 
vehicle to be horizontal or at a specific angle when the vehicle is at its mass 
in  running  order,  in  the  case  of  a  vehicle  with  mechanical  suspension,  the 
surface may exceed this slope or possess a slope when the vehicle is at its 
mass  in  running  order,  provided  that  this  requirement  is  met  when  the 
vehicle  is  in  the  loading  condition  declared  by  the  manufacturer.    If  a 
kneeling system is fitted to the vehicle, it shall not be in operation. 

Masses and dimensions 

The vehicles shall comply with the requirements of annex 11. 

Area available for passengers. 

The total surface area S0 available for passengers is calculated by deducting 
from the total area of the floor of the vehicle: 

7.2.2.1.1. 

the area of the driver's compartment; 

7.2.2.1.2. 

7.2.2.1.3. 

the area of steps at doors and the area of any other step with a depth of less 
than  300 mm  and  the  area  swept  by  the  door  and  its  mechanism  when  it  is 
operated; 

the  area  of  any  part  over  which  the  vertical  clearance  is  less  than  1350 mm 
measured  from  the  floor  disregarding  permitted  intrusion  specified  in 
paragraphs 7.7.8.6.3. and 7.7.8.6.4.  In the case of vehicles of Class A or B, 
this dimension may be reduced to 1200 mm; 

7.2.2.1.4. 

the area of any part of the vehicle to which access by passengers is prevented 
as defined in paragraph 7.9.4.; 

 
 
 
 
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7.2.2.1.5. 

the area of any space reserved solely for the carriage of goods or baggage and 
from which passengers are excluded. 

7.2.2.1.6. 

the area required to provide a clear working area at serveries; 

7.2.2.1.7. 

7.2.2.2. 

7.2.2.2.1. 

7.2.2.2.2. 

7.2.2.2.3. 

7.2.2.2.4. 

7.2.2.2.5. 

the  floor  area  occupied  by  any  staircase,  half  staircase,  intercommunication 
staircase or the surface of any step. 

The  surface  area  S1  available  for  standing  passengers  is  calculated  by 
deducting from S0: 

the  area  of  all  parts  of  the  floor  in  which  the  slope  exceeds  the  maximum 
permissible values as determined in paragraph 7.7.6.; 

the area of all parts which are not accessible to a standing passenger when all 
the seats are occupied, with the exception of folding seats; 

the  area  of  all  parts  where  the  clear  height  above  the  floor  is  less  than  the 
gangway height specified in paragraph 7.7.5.1.  (handholds shall not be taken 
into account in this connection); 

the area forward of a transverse vertical plane passing through the centre of 
the seating surface of the driver's seat (in its rearmost position). 

the area 300 mm in front of all seats other than folding seats, except where a 
sideways-facing  seat  is  situated  above  the  wheel  arch,  in  which  case  this 
dimension  may  be  reduced  to  225 mm.    In  the  case  of  variable  seating 
arrangements, of any seat when considered to be in use, see paragraph 7.2.2.4. 

7.2.2.2.6. 

any surface not being excluded by the provisions in paragraphs 7.2.2.2.1. to 
7.2.2.2.5. above, on which it is not possible to place a rectangle of 400 mm x 
300 mm; 

7.2.2.2.7. 

in vehicles of Class II, the area in which standing is not allowed. 

7.2.2.2.8. 

in double deck vehicles, any area of the upper deck. 

7.2.2.2.9. 

7.2.2.3. 

the  surface  of  the  wheelchair  space(s)  when  considered  occupied  by  a 
wheelchair user(s), see paragraph 7.2.2.4. 

There  shall  be  on  the  vehicle  a  number  (P)  of  seating  places,  other  than 
folding seats, which conform to the requirements of paragraph 7.7.8.  If the 
vehicle is of Class I, II or A the number of seating places on each deck shall 
be  at  least  equal  to  the  number  of  square  metres  of  floor  on  that  deck 
available  for  passengers  and  crew  (if  any)  rounded  down  to  the  nearest 
whole number; this number may, in vehicles of Class I, excluding the upper 
deck, be reduced by 10 per cent. 

7.2.2.4. 

In  the  case  of  a  vehicle  equipped  with  a  variable  seating  capacity  the  area 
available for standing passengers (S1) and the provisions of paragraph 7.2.3. 
shall be determined for each of the following conditions as applicable; 

 
 
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7.2.2.4.1. 

7.2.2.4.2. 

7.2.2.4.3. 

7.2.3. 

7.2.3.1. 

with all possible seats occupied followed by the remaining area for standing 
passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied; 

with  all  possible  standing  areas  occupied  followed  by  the  remaining  seats 
available for seated passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces 
occupied; 

with all possible wheelchair spaces occupied followed by the remaining area 
for  standing  passengers  and  then  the  remaining  seats  available  for  use 
occupied. 

Marking of vehicles. 

The vehicle shall be clearly marked in a manner visible on the inside in the 
vicinity of the front door in letters or pictograms not less that 15 mm high and 
numbers not less than 25 mm high, with: 

7.2.3.1.1. 

the maximum number of seating places the vehicle is designed to carry; 

7.2.3.1.2. 

7.2.3.1.3. 

7.2.3.2. 

7.2.3.3. 

7.2.3.3.1. 

the  maximum  number  of  standing  places,  if  any,  the  vehicle  is  designed  to 
carry; 

the maximum number of wheelchairs which the vehicle is designed to carry, 
if any. 

If  a  vehicle  is  designed  to  have  a  variable  number  of  seating  places,  area 
available  for  standing  passengers  or  number  of  wheelchairs  carried,  the 
requirements  of  paragraph  7.2.3.1.  shall  apply  to  each  maximum  seating 
capacity  and  the  corresponding  number  of  wheelchairs  and  standing 
passengers as appropriate. 

Space shall be provided in the driver’s area, in a position clearly visible to 
the  driver,  in  letters  or  pictograms  not  less  than  10 mm  high  and  numbers 
not less than 12 mm high, with: 

the mass of baggage which may be carried when the vehicle is loaded with 
the  maximum  numbers  of  passengers  and  crew  and  the  vehicle  is  not 
exceeding  the  technically  permissible  maximum  mass,  or  the  permissible 
mass of any axle.  This shall include the mass of baggage: 

7.2.3.3.1.1. 

in baggage compartments (mass B, paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of annex 11); 

7.2.3.3.1.2. 

on  the  roof  if  equipped  for  the  carriage  of  baggage  (mass  BX,  paragraph 
7.4.3.3.1. of annex 11). 

7.3. 

Strength of the superstructure. 

7.3.1. 

All  single-deck  Class  II  and  III  vehicles  shall  have  superstructures  which 
comply with the requirements of annex 5. 

7.4. 

Stability Test 

 
 
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7.4.1. 

7.4.2. 

7.4.2.1. 

The  stability  of  a  vehicle  shall  be  such  that  the  point  at  which  overturning 
occurs would not be passed if the surface on which the vehicle stands were 
tilted to both sides in turn to an angle of 28 degrees from the horizontal. 

For the purposes of the above test, the vehicle shall be at its mass in running 
order as described in paragraph 2.18. of this Regulation, with the addition of: 

Loads  equal  to  Q  (as  defined  in  paragraph  7.4.3.3.1.  of  annex  11)  shall  be 
placed on each passenger seat.  If the vehicle is intended for standees or with 
a crew member who is not seated, the centre of gravity of the loads Q or 75kg 
representing  them,  shall  be  uniformly  distributed  over  the  standee  or  crew 
area  respectively,  at  a  height  of  875 mm.    Where  a  vehicle  is  equipped  to 
carry luggage on the roof, a uniformly distributed mass (BX) of not less than 
that declared by the manufacturer in accordance with paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of 
annex 11, representing such baggage shall be secured to the roof.  The other 
baggage compartments shall not contain any baggage. 

7.4.2.2. 

If  the  vehicle  has  a  variable  seating  capacity,  standing  capacity  or  is 
designed  to  carry  one  or  more  wheelchairs,  in  respect  of  any  area  of  the 
passenger  compartment  in  which  such  variations  occur,  the  loads  in 
paragraph 7.4.2.1. shall be the greater of: 

a)  the  mass  represented  by  the  number  of  seated  passengers  that  may 

occupy the area including the mass of any demountable seats; or 

b) the  mass  represented  by  the  number  of  standing  passengers  that  may 

occupy the area; or 

c)  the  mass  of  wheelchairs  and  users  that  may  occupy  the  area  at  a  total 
mass of 250 kg each placed at a height of 500 mm above the floor in the 
centre of each wheelchair space; or 

d) the mass of seated passengers, standing passengers and wheelchairs users 

and any combination of these that may occupy the area. 

The height of any step used to prevent a wheel of the vehicle from slipping 
sideways on a tilt test rig shall not be greater than two-thirds of the distance 
between the surface upon which the vehicle stands before it is tilted and that 
part of the rim of that wheel which is nearest to the surface when the vehicle 
is loaded in accordance with paragraph 7.4.2. 

During  the  test,  no  parts  of  vehicle  which  are  not  intended  to  come  into 
contact in normal use shall not do so, nor shall any part become damaged or 
deranged. 

Alternatively, a calculation method can be used to show that the vehicle will 
not  overturn  under  the  conditions  described  in  paragraphs  7.4.1.  and  7.4.2.  
Such a calculation shall take into account the following parameters: 

7.4.3. 

7.4.4. 

7.4.5. 

7.4.5.1. 

7.4.5.2. 

masses and dimensions; 

height of centre of gravity; 

 
 
 
 
 
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7.4.5.3. 

7.4.5.4. 

7.4.5.5. 

7.4.5.6. 

7.4.5.7. 

7.5. 

7.5.1. 

7.5.1.1. 

7.5.1.2. 

7.5.1.3. 

7.5.1.4. 

7.5.2. 

7.5.2.1. 

7.5.2.2. 

7.5.2.3. 

spring rates; 

vertical and horizontal tyre rates; 

characteristics of the control of air pressure in the air springs; 

position of the centre of moments; 

torsion resistance of the body. 

The method of calculation is described in appendix 1 to this annex. 

Protection against fire risks 

Engine compartment 

No  flammable  sound-proofing  material  or  material  liable  to  become 
impregnated with fuel, lubricant or other combustible material shall be used 
in the engine compartment unless the material is covered by an impermeable 
sheet. 

Precautions  shall  be  taken,  either  by  a  suitable  layout  of  the  engine 
compartment  or  by  the  provision  of  drainage  orifices,  to  avoid,  so  far  as 
possible,  the  accumulation  of  fuel,  lubricating  oil  or  any  other  combustible 
material in any part of the engine compartment. 

A  partition  of  heat-resisting  material  shall  be  fitted  between  the  engine 
compartment or any other source of heat (such as a device designed to absorb 
the  energy  liberated  when  a  vehicle  is  descending  a  long  gradient,  e.g.  a 
retarder, or a device for heating the interior of the body other, however, than a 
device functioning by warm water circulation) and the rest of the vehicle.  All 
fixings, clips, gaskets, etc., used in conjunction with the partition shall be fire 
resistant. 

A  heating  device  operating  other  than  by  hot  water  may  be  provided  in  the 
passenger  compartment  if  it  is  encased  in  material  designed  to  resist  the 
temperatures generated by the device, emits no toxic fumes and is positioned 
such that no passenger is likely to come into contact with any hot surface. 

Electrical equipment and wiring 

All cables shall be well insulated and all cables and electrical equipment shall 
be able to withstand the temperature and humidity conditions to which they 
are exposed.  In the engine compartment, particular attention shall be paid to 
their suitability to withstand the environmental temperature and the effects of 
all likely contaminants. 

No  cable  used  in  an  electrical  circuit  shall  carry  a  current  in  excess  of  that 
acceptable  for  such  a  cable  in  the  light  of  its  mode  of  installation  and  the 
maximum ambient temperature. 

Every electrical circuit feeding an item of equipment other than the starter, the 
ignition circuit (positive ignition), the glow-plugs, the engine-stopping device, 

 
 
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the charging circuit and the battery earth connection shall include a fuse or a 
circuit  breaker.    They  may,  however,  be  protected  by  a  common  fuse  or  a 
common circuit-breaker, provided that its rated capacity does not exceed 16A. 

All  cables  shall  be  well  protected  and  shall  be  held  securely  in  position  in 
such a way that they cannot be damaged by cutting, abrasion or chafing. 

Where the voltage exceeds 100 Volts RMS (root mean square) in one or more 
electrical circuits in a vehicle, a manually-operated isolating switch which is 
capable of disconnecting all such circuits from the main electrical supply shall 
be connected in each pole of that supply which is not electrically connected to 
earth, and shall be located inside the vehicle in a position readily accessible to 
the  driver,  provided  that  no  such  isolating  switch  shall  be  capable  of 
disconnecting any electrical circuit supplying the mandatory external vehicle 
lights.  This paragraph does not apply to high tension ignition circuits nor to 
self-contained circuits within a unit of equipment in the vehicle. 

All electrical cables shall be so located that no part can make contact with any 
fuel line or any part of the exhaust system, or be subjected to excessive heat, 
unless suitable special insulation and protection is provided, as for example to 
a solenoid-operated exhaust valve. 

Batteries 

All batteries shall be well secured and easily accessible. 

The battery compartment shall be separated from the passenger compartment 
and driver's compartment and ventilated to outside air. 

7.5.2.4. 

7.5.2.5. 

7.5.2.6. 

7.5.3. 

7.5.3.1. 

7.5.3.2. 

7.5.3.3. 

The battery terminals shall be protected against the risk of short circuit. 

7.5.4. 

7.5.4.1. 

7.5.4.2. 

7.5.4.3. 

Fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment 

Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more fire extinguishers, one 
being near the driver's seat.  In vehicles of Class A or B the space shall be not 
less than 8 dm3 and in Class I, II or III not less than 15 dm3. 

Space shall be provided for the fitting of one or more first-aid kits.  The space 
provided  shall  be  not  less  than  7 dm3,  the  minimum  dimension  shall  not  be 
less than 80 mm. 

Fire extinguishers and first aid kits may be secured against theft or vandalism 
(e.g.  in  an  internal  locker  or  behind  breakable  glass),  provided  that  the 
locations  of  these  items  are  clearly  marked  and  means  are  provided  for 
persons to extract them easily in an emergency. 

7.5.5. 

Materials 

No  flammable  material  shall  be  permitted  within  100 mm  of  the  exhaust 
system or any other significant source of heat unless the material is effectively 
shielded.  Where necessary, shielding shall be provided to prevent grease or 

 
 
 
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other flammable materials coming into contact with exhaust system or other 
significant  heat  sources.    For  the  purposes  of  this  paragraph,  a  flammable 
material  is  considered  to  be  one  which  is  not  designed  to  withstand  the 
temperatures likely to be encountered in that location. 

7.6. 

7.6.1. 

7.6.1.1. 

Exits 

Number of exits 

The minimum number of doors in a vehicle shall be two, either two service 
doors or one service door and one emergency door.  The minimum number of 
service doors required is as follows: 

Number of 
passengers 

9 - 45 

46 - 70 

71 - 100 

> 100 

Number of service doors 

CLASS I & A 

CLASS II 

CLASS III & 
B 

1 

2 

3 

4 

1 

1 

2 

3 

1 

1 

1 

1 

7.6.1.2. 

7.6.1.3. 

The minimum number of service doors in each rigid section of an articulated 
vehicle shall be one except that this minimum number shall be two in the case 
of front section of an articulated vehicle of Class I. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  requirement,  service  doors  equipped  with  a  power-
operated  control  system  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  emergency  doors  unless 
they can be readily opened by hand, once the control prescribed in paragraph 
7.6.5.1. has been actuated, if necessary. 

7.6.1.4. 

The minimum number of exits shall be such that the total number of exits in a 
separate compartment is as follows: 

Number of passengers and crew to be 
accommodated in each compartment 

Minimum total number of exits 

1 - 8 

9 - 16 

17 - 30 

31 - 45 

2 

3 

4 

5 

 
 
 
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Number of passengers and crew to be 
accommodated in each compartment 

Minimum total number of exits 

46 - 60 

61 - 75 

76 - 90 

91 - 110 

111 - 130 

>130 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

Escape  hatches  can  only  count  as  one  of  the  above-mentioned  number  of 
emergency exits. 

Each  rigid  section  of  an  articulated  vehicle  shall  be  treated  as  a  separate 
vehicle for the purpose of determining the minimum number and the position 
of exits, except for paragraph 7.6.2.4.  Toilet compartments or galleys are not 
considered  to  be  separate  compartments  for  the  purposes  of  defining  the 
number of emergency exits.  A number of passengers shall be determined for 
each rigid section. 

A  double  service  door  shall  count  as  two  doors  and  a  double  or  multiple 
window as two emergency windows. 

If  the  driver's  compartment  does  not  provide  access  to  the  passenger 
compartment  by  means  of  a  passageway  complying  with  one  of  the 
conditions described in paragraph 7.7.5.1.1., the following conditions shall be 
met: 

The driver’s compartment shall have two exits, which shall not both be in the 
same lateral wall; when one of the exits is a window, it shall comply with the 
requirements  set  out  in  paragraphs  7.6.3.1.  and  7.6.8.  for  emergency 
windows. 

One or two seats are permitted alongside the driver for additional people, in 
which case both of the exits referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.7.1. shall be doors.  
The driver's door shall be accepted as the emergency door for the occupants 
of those seats, provided that  the driver's  seat,  the  steering  wheel,  the  engine 
housing,  the  gear  lever,  the  hand  brake  control,  etc.,  do  not  constitute  too 
great an obstruction.  The door provided for those additional people shall be 
accepted  as  the  emergency  door  for  the  driver.    Up  to  five  additional  seats 
may  be  fitted  in  a  compartment  incorporating  the  driver's  compartment, 
provided that the additional seats and the space for these seats comply with all 
requirements  of  this  Regulation  and  at  least  one  door  giving  access  to  the 
passenger  compartment  complies  with  the  requirements  of  paragraph  7.6.3. 
for emergency doors. 

7.6.1.5. 

7.6.1.6. 

7.6.1.7. 

7.6.1.7.1. 

7.6.1.7.2. 

 
 
 
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7.6.1.7.3. 

7.6.1.8. 

7.6.1.9. 

7.6.1.9.1. 

7.6.1.9.2. 

7.6.1.10. 

In  the  circumstances  described  in  paragraphs  7.6.1.7.1.  and  7.6.1.7.2.,  the 
exits provided for the driver's compartment shall not count as one of the doors 
required by paragraphs 7.6.1.1. to 7.6.1.2., nor as one of the exits required by 
paragraph 7.6.1.4., except in the case mentioned in paragraphs 7.6.1.7.1. and 
7.6.1.7.2.  Paragraphs from 7.6.3. to 7.6.7., 7.7.1., 7.7.2. and 7.7.7. shall not 
apply to such exits. 

If  the  driver's  compartment  and  seats  adjacent  to  it  are  accessible  from  the 
main passenger compartment by means of a passageway complying with one 
of the conditions described in paragraph 7.7.5.1.1., no external exit is required 
from the driver's compartment. 

If  a  driver's  door  or  other  exit  from  the  compartment  is  provided  in  the 
circumstances described in paragraph 7.6.1.8. it may only count as an exit for 
passengers provided: 

it is not necessary to squeeze between the steering wheel and the driver's seat 
in order to make use of that exit; 

it  satisfies  the  requirements  relating  to  the  dimensions  of  emergency  door 
indicated in paragraph 7.6.3.1. 

Paragraphs  7.6.1.8.  and  7.6.1.9.  do  not  preclude  there  being  a  door  or  other 
barrier between the driver's seat and the passenger compartment provided that 
this barrier can be released quickly by the driver in an emergency.  A driver's 
door in a compartment protected by such a barrier shall not be counted as an 
exit for passengers. 

7.6.1.11. 

Escape  hatches,  additional  to  the  emergency  doors  and  windows,  shall  be 
fitted in vehicles of Class II, III and B.  They may also be fitted in the case of 
Class I and A vehicles.  The minimum number of hatches shall be: 

Number of passengers 

Number of hatches 

not exceeding 50 

exceeding 50 

l 

2 

7.6.2. 

Siting of exits 

Vehicles  having  a  capacity  exceeding  22  passenger  seats  shall  meet  the 
requirements  shown  below.    Vehicles  having  a  capacity  not  exceeding  22 
passengers may meet either the requirements shown below or those contained 
in annex 7, paragraph 1.2. 

7.6.2.1. 

The service door(s) shall be situated on the side of the vehicle that is nearer to 
the side of the road corresponding to the direction of traffic in the country in 

 
 
 
 
 
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7.6.2.2. 

7.6.2.3. 

7.6.2.4. 

7.6.2.5. 

7.6.2.6. 

7.6.2.7. 

which the vehicle is to be licensed for operation and at least one of them shall 
be in the forward half of the vehicle.  This does not preclude the provision of 
a door in the rear face of a vehicle for use by wheelchair passengers. 

Two of the doors referred to in paragraph 7.6.1.1. shall be separated such that 
the distance between transverse vertical planes through their centres of area is 
not less than 40 percent of the overall length of the passenger compartment.  
If  one  of  these two doors forms  part of  a  double  door  this distance shall be 
measured between the two doors which are furthest apart. 

The exits shall be placed in such a way that their number on each of the two 
sides of the vehicle is substantially the same. 

At least one emergency exit shall be situated either in the rear face or in the 
front  face  of  the  vehicle  respectively.   For  Class  I  vehicles  and  for  vehicles 
with a rear part permanently closed off from the passenger compartment, this 
provision is fulfilled if an escape hatch is fitted. 

The exits on the same side of the vehicle shall be suitably spaced out along 
the length of the vehicle. 

A  door  shall,  provided  that  it  is  not a  service  door,  be  permitted  in  the  rear 
face of the vehicle. 

If escape hatches are fitted, they shall be positioned as follows: if there is only 
one hatch, it shall be situated in the middle third of the vehicle; if there are 
two  hatches,  they  shall  be  separated  by  a  distance  of  at  least  2 m  measured 
between the nearest edges of the apertures in a line parallel to the longitudinal 
axis of the vehicle. 

7.6.3. 

Minimum dimensions of exits 

7.6.3.1. 

The several kinds of exit shall have the following minimum dimensions: 

 
 
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Class I  Class II and 

Remarks 

III 

Height (mm) 

1800 

1650 

- 

Service door  Door 

Width (mm) 

single door:  650 

Aperture 

double door:  1200 

Emergency 

Door 

Emergency 
window 

Height (mm) 

Width (mm) 

Area: (mm2) 

1250 

550 

400 000 

This dimension may be reduced 
by 100 mm when the 
measurement is made at the level 
of the handholds. 

- 

It shall be possible to inscribe in 
this area a rectangle 500 mm x 
700 mm. 

Emergency window situated in the rear face 
of the vehicle, if the manufacturer does not 
provide an emergency window of the 
minimum dimensions prescribed above. 

It shall be possible to inscribe in the emergency window 
aperture a rectangle 350 mm high and 1550 mm wide.  The 
corners of the rectangle may be rounded to a radius of 
curvature not exceeding 250 mm. 

Escape Hatch 

Hatch 
Aperture 

Area 
(mm2) 

400 000 

It shall be possible to inscribe in 
this area a rectangle measuring 
500 mm x 700 mm. 

7.6.3.2. 

7.6.4. 

7.6.4.1. 

7.6.4.2. 

Vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers may meet either the 
requirements  shown  in  paragraph  7.6.3.1.  or  those  contained  in  annex  7, 
paragraph 1.1. 

Technical requirements for all service doors 

Every  service  door  shall  be  capable  of  being  easily  opened  from  inside  and 
from  outside  the  vehicle  when  the  vehicle  is  stationary  (but  not  necessarily 
when  the  vehicle  is  moving).    However,  this  requirement  shall  not  be 
construed as precluding the possibility of locking the door from the outside, 
provided that the door can always be opened from the inside. 

Every control or device for opening a door from the outside shall be between 
1000 mm and 1500 mm from the ground and not more than 500 mm from the 
door.  In vehicles of Class I, II and III every control or device for opening a 
door from the inside shall be between 1000 mm and 1500 mm from the upper 
surface of the floor or step nearest the control and be not more than 500 mm 
from  the  door.    This  shall  not  apply  to  controls  located  within  the  driver's 
area. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.6.4.3. 

7.6.4.4. 

7.6.4.5. 

7.6.4.6. 

7.6.4.7. 

7.6.4.8. 

7.6.4.9. 

7.6.5. 

7.6.5.1. 

Every  one-piece  manually-operated  service  door  which  is  hinged  or  pivoted 
shall be so hinged or pivoted that if the open door comes into contact with a 
stationary object while the vehicle is moving forwards it tends to close. 

If a manually-operated service door is fitted with a slam lock it shall be of the 
two-stage type. 

On the inside of a service door there shall not be any device intended to cover 
the inside steps when the door is closed.  This does not exclude the presence 
in  the  step  well,  when  the  door  is  closed,  of  the  door  operating  mechanism 
and other equipment attached to the inside of the door which does not form an 
extension of the floor on which passengers may stand.  This mechanism and 
equipment should not be dangerous for the passengers. 

If the direct view is not adequate, optical or other devices shall be installed to 
enable  the  driver  to  detect  from  his  seat  the  presence  of  a  passenger  in  the 
immediate  interior  and  exterior  vicinity  of  every  side  service  door  which  is 
not an automatically-operated service door. 

In  the  case  of  a  service  door  in  the  rear  face  of  the  vehicle  not  exceeding 
22 passengers,  this  requirement  is  satisfied  if  the  driver  is  able  to  detect  the 
presence of a person 1.3m tall standing 1m behind the vehicle. 

Every door which opens towards the interior of the vehicle and its mechanism 
shall  be  so  constructed  that  its  movement  is  not  likely  to  cause  injury  to 
passengers  in  normal  conditions  of  use.    Where  necessary,  appropriate 
protection devices shall be fitted. 

If  a  service  door  is  located  adjacent  to  a  door  to  a  toilet  or  other  internal 
compartment  the  service  door  shall  be  proofed  against  unintentional 
operation.    However,  this  requirement  shall  not  apply  if  the  door  is  locked 
automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h. 

In  the  case  of  vehicles  having  a  capacity  not  exceeding  22  passengers,  the 
service doors of which are in the rear face of the vehicle, the leaves shall not 
be capable of being opened more than 115° nor less than 85° and, when open, 
shall be capable of being held automatically in that position.  This does not 
preclude the ability to override that stop and open the door beyond that angle 
when  it  is  safe  to  do  so;  for  example,  to  enable  reversing  against  a  high 
platform  for  loading  or  to  open  the  doors  through  270°  to  allow  a  clear 
loading area behind the vehicle. 

Additional technical requirements for power-operated service doors 

In  the  event  of  an  emergency  every  power-operated  service  door  shall  be 
capable, when the vehicle is stationary (but not necessarily when the vehicle 
is moving), of being opened from inside and, when not locked, from outside 
by controls which, whether or not the power supply is operating: 

7.6.5.1.1. 

override all other door controls; 

 
 
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7.6.5.1.2. 

7.6.5.1.3. 

in the case of interior controls, are placed on, or within 300 mm of, the door, 
at a height of not less than 1600 mm above the first step; 

can be easily seen and clearly identified when approaching the door and when 
standing in front of the door and, if additional to the normal opening controls, 
be clearly marked for emergency use; 

7.6.5.1.4. 

can  be  operated  by  one  person  when  standing  immediately  in  front  of  the 
door; 

7.6.5.1.5. 

cause the door to open, or enable the door to be easily opened by hand; 

7.6.5.1.6. 

7.6.5.1.7. 

7.6.5.2. 

7.6.5.3. 

7.6.5.4. 

7.6.5.5. 

7.6.5.6. 

may be protected by a device which can be easily removed or broken to gain 
access to  the emergency control; the  operation of the  emergency control, or 
the  removal  of  a  protective  cover  over  the  control,  shall  be  indicated  to  the 
driver both audibly and visually, and 

in  the  case  of  a  driver-operated  door  which  does  not  comply  with  the 
requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.2., it shall be such that after they have been 
operated to open the door and returned to their normal position, the door will 
not close again until the driver subsequently operates a closing control. 

A device may be provided which is operated by the driver from the driving 
seat to deactivate the outside emergency controls in order to lock the service 
doors  from  outside.    In  this  case,  the  outside  emergency  controls  shall  be 
reactivated  automatically  either  by  the  starting  of  the  engine  or  before  the 
vehicle reaches a speed of 20km/h.  Subsequently, deactivation of the outside 
emergency controls shall not occur automatically, but shall require a further 
action by the driver. 

Every driver-operated service door shall be capable of operation by the driver 
when  in  the  driving  seat  using  controls  which,  except  in  the  case  of  a  foot 
control, are clearly and distinctively marked. 

Every power-operated service door shall activate a visual tell-tale, which shall 
be plainly visible to the driver when seated in the normal driving position in 
any ambient lighting condition, to warn that a door is not fully closed.  This 
tell-tale  shall  signal  whenever  the  rigid  structure  of  the  door  is  between  the 
fully  open  position  and  a  point  30 mm  from  the  fully  closed  position.    One 
tell-tale may serve for one or more doors.  However, no such tell-tale shall be 
fitted  in  respect  of  a  front  service  door  which  does  not  comply  with  the 
requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1. and 7.6.5.6.1.2. 

Where  controls  are  provided  for  the  driver  to  open  and  close  a  power-
operated service door, they shall be such that the driver is able to reverse the 
movement of the door at any time during the closing or opening process. 

The  construction  and  control  system  of  every  power-operated  service  door 
shall be such that a passenger is unlikely to be injured by the door or trapped 
in the door as it closes. 

 
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7.6.5.6.1. 

This  requirement  shall  be  considered  satisfied  if  the  following  two 
requirements are met: 

7.6.5.6.1.1. 

The  first  requirement  is  that  when  the  closing  of  the  door  at  any  measuring 
point  described  in  annex  6  is  resisted  by  a  clamping  force  not  exceeding 
150 N, the door shall reopen automatically to its fullest extent and, except in 
the  case  of  an  automatically-operated  service  door,  remain  open  until  a 
closing  control  is  operated.    The  clamping  force  may  be  measured  by  any 
method to the satisfaction of the competent authority.  Guidelines are given in 
annex 6 to this Regulation.  The peak force may be higher than 150 N for a 
short time provided that it does not exceed 300 N.  The reopening system may 
be  checked  by  means  of  a  test  bar  having  a  section  of  height 60 mm,  width 
30 mm with corners radiused to 5 mm. 

7.6.5.6.1.2. 

The second requirement is that whenever the doors are closed onto the wrist 
or fingers of a passenger: 

7.6.5.6.1.2.1. 

the door reopens automatically to its fullest extent and, except in the case of 
an automatically-operated service door, remains open until a closing control is 
operated, or 

7.6.5.6.1.2.2. 

the  wrist  or  fingers  can  be  readily  extracted  from  the  doors  without  risk  of 
injury  to  the  passenger.    This  requirement  may  be  checked  by  hand,  or  by 
means of the test bar mentioned in paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1., tapered at one end 
over a length of 300 mm from a thickness of 30 mm to a thickness of 5 mm.  
It shall not be treated with polish nor lubricated.  If the door traps the bar it 
shall be capable of being easily removed, or 

7.6.5.6.1.2.3. 

the  door  is  maintained  at  a  position  allowing  the  free  passage  of  a  test  bar 
having  a  section  of  height  60 mm,  width  20 mm,  with  corners  radiused  to 
5 mm.    This  position  shall  not  be  more  than 30 mm  distant  from  the  fully 
closed position. 

7.6.5.6.2. 

In the case of a front service door the requirement of paragraph 7.6.5.6. shall 
be considered satisfied if the door: 

7.6.5.6.2.1. 

fulfils the requirements of paragraphs 7.6.5.6.1.1. and 7.6.5.6.1.2., or 

7.6.5.6.2.2. 

is fitted with soft edges; these shall not, however be so soft that if the doors 
are  closed  on  the  test  bar  mentioned  in  paragraph  7.6.5.6.1.1.  the  rigid 
structure of the doors will reach the fully closed position. 

7.6.5.7. 

7.6.5.8. 

7.6.5.9. 

Where  a  power-operated  service  door  is  held  closed  only  by  the  continued 
application  of  the  power  supply  there  shall  be  provided  a  visual  warning 
device to inform the driver of any failure in the power supply to the doors. 

A starting prevention device, if fitted, shall be effective only at speeds of less 
than 5 km/h and shall be incapable of operation above that speed. 

If  the  vehicle  is  not  fitted  with  a  starting  prevention  device,  an  audible 
warning to the driver shall be activated if the vehicle is driven away from rest 
when  any  power-operated  service  door  is  not  fully  closed.    This  audible 

 
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warning shall be activated at a speed exceeding 5 km/h for doors complying 
with the requirements of paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.2.3. 

7.6.6. 

Additional technical requirements for automatically-operated service doors 

7.6.6.1. 

Activation of the opening controls. 

7.6.6.1.1. 

7.6.6.1.2. 

7.6.6.1.3. 

7.6.6.1.4. 

Except  as  provided  in  paragraph  7.6.5.1.,  the  opening  controls  of  every 
automatically-operated  service  door  shall  be  capable  of  being  activated  and 
deactivated only by the driver from his seat. 

Activation  and  deactivation  may  be  either  direct,  by  means  of  a  switch,  or 
indirect, for example by opening and closing the front service door. 

Activation of the opening controls by the driver shall be indicated inside and, 
where a door is to be opened from outside, also on the outside of the vehicle; 
the  indicator  (e.g.  illuminated  push-button,  illuminated  sign)  shall  be  on  or 
adjacent to the door to which it relates. 

In the case of direct actuation by means of a switch the functional state of the 
system shall be clearly indicated to the driver, by, for example, the position of 
the switch or an indicator lamp or an illuminated switch.  The switch shall be 
specially marked and arranged in such a way that it cannot be confused with 
other controls. 

7.6.6.2. 

Opening of automatically-operated service doors. 

7.6.6.2.1. 

After activation of the opening controls by the driver it shall be possible for 
passengers to open the door as follows: 

7.6.6.2.1.1. 

from inside, for example by pressing a push-button or passing a light barrier, 
and 

7.6.6.2.1.2. 

7.6.6.2.2. 

from outside, except in the case of a door intended only as an exit and marked 
as such, by, for example, pressing an illuminated push-button, a push-button 
beneath  an  illuminated  sign,  or  a  similar  device  marked  with  a  suitable 
instruction. 

The pressing of the push-buttons mentioned in paragraph 7.6.6.2.1.1., and the 
use of  the means  of communication with  the  driver  mentioned  in  paragraph 
7.7.9.1., may send a signal which is stored and which, after the activation of 
the opening controls by the driver, effects the opening of the door. 

7.6.6.3. 

Closing of automatically-operated service doors. 

7.6.6.3.1. 

When an automatically-operated service door has opened it shall close again 
automatically after a time interval has elapsed.  If a passenger enters or leaves 
the vehicle during this time interval, a safety device (e.g. a footboard contact, 
light barrier, one-way gate) shall ensure that the time until the door closes is 
sufficiently extended. 

7.6.6.3.2. 

If  the  passenger  enters  or  leaves  the  vehicle  while  the  door  is  closing,  the 
closing process shall be interrupted automatically and the door shall return to 

 
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7.6.6.3.3. 

7.6.6.3.4. 

7.6.6.4. 

7.6.6.4.1. 

7.6.6.4.2. 

7.6.6.4.3. 

the open position.  The reversal may be actuated by one of the safety devices 
referred to in paragraph 7.6.6.3.1. or by any other device. 

A door that has closed automatically in accordance with paragraph 7.6.6.3.1. 
shall  be  capable  of  being  opened  again  by  a  passenger  in  accordance  with 
paragraph  7.6.6.2.;  this  shall  not  apply  if  the  driver  has  deactivated  the 
opening controls. 

After  deactivation  of  the  opening  controls  of  the  automatically-operated 
service  doors  by  the  driver,  open  doors  shall  close  in  accordance  with 
paragraphs 7.6.6.3.1. and 7.6.6.3.2. 

Inhibition  of  the  automatic  closing  process  on  doors  marked  for  special 
service, e.g. for passengers with prams, passengers with reduced mobility, etc. 

The driver shall be able to inhibit the automatic closing process by actuation 
of a special control.  A passenger shall also be able to inhibit the automatic 
closing process directly by pressing a special push-button. 

The  inhibition  of  the  automatic  closing  process  shall  be  indicated  to  the 
driver, e.g. by a visual tell-tale. 

Re-establishment  of  the  automatic  closing  process  shall  in  any  case  be 
capable of being done by the driver. 

7.6.6.4.4. 

Paragraph 7.6.6.3. shall apply to the subsequent closing of the door. 

7.6.7. 

7.6.7.1. 

7.6.7.2. 

7.6.7.3. 

Technical requirements for emergency doors 

Emergency  doors  shall  be  capable  of  being  easily  opened  from  inside  and 
from outside when the vehicle is stationary.  However, this requirement shall 
not  be  construed  as  precluding  the  possibility  of  locking  the  door  from  the 
outside, provided that the door can always be opened from the inside by the 
use of the normal opening mechanism. 

Emergency doors, during their use as such, shall not be of the power-operated 
type  unless,  once  the  control  prescribed  in  paragraph  7.6.5.1.  has  been 
actuated and returned to its normal position, the doors do not close again until 
the driver subsequently operates a closing control.  They shall also not be of 
the sliding type except in the case of vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 
22 passengers.  For these vehicles a sliding door, which has been shown to be 
capable  of  being  opened  without  the  use  of  tools  after  a  frontal  barrier 
collision  test  in  accordance  with  Regulation No. 33,  can  be  accepted  as  an 
emergency door. 

Every control or device for opening an emergency door from the outside shall 
be  between  1000 mm  and  1500 mm  from  the  ground  and  not  more  than 
500 mm from the door.  In vehicles of Classes I, II and III every control or 
device  for  opening  an  emergency  door  from  the  inside  shall  be  between 
1000 mm and 1500 mm from the upper surface of the floor or step nearest to 
the control and be not more than 500 mm from the door.  This shall not apply 
to controls located within the driver’s area. 

 
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7.6.7.4. 

7.6.7.5. 

7.6.7.6. 

7.6.8. 

7.6.8.1. 

Hinged  emergency  doors  fitted  to  the  side  of  the  vehicle  shall  be  hinged  at 
their  forward  edge  and  shall  open  outwards.    Check  straps,  chains  or  other 
restraining devices shall be permitted, provided that they do not prevent the 
door from opening to, and remaining open at, an angle of at least 100 degrees.  
If a means is provided sufficient to give free passage to the emergency door 
access gauge, the 100 degrees minimum angle requirement shall not apply. 

Emergency doors shall be proofed against unintentional operation. However, 
this requirement shall not apply if the emergency door is locked automatically 
when the vehicle is moving at a speed exceeding 5 km/h. 

All  emergency  doors  shall  be  provided  with  an  audible  device  to  warn  the 
driver  when  they  are  not  securely  closed.    The  warning  device  shall  be 
operated by movement of the door catch or handle and not by movement of 
the door itself. 

Technical requirements for emergency windows. 

Every hinged or ejectable emergency window shall open outwards.  Ejectable 
types shall not become totally detached from the vehicle when operated.  The 
operation  of  ejectable  windows  shall  be  such  that  inadvertent  ejection  is 
effectively prevented. 

7.6.8.2. 

Every emergency window shall: 

7.6.8.2.1. 

7.6.8.2.2. 

7.6.8.3. 

7.6.8.4. 

7.6.8.5. 

either be capable of being easily and instantaneously operated from inside and 
from outside the vehicle by means of a device recognised as satisfactory, or 

be made of readily-breakable safety glass.  This latter provision precludes the 
possibility of using panes of laminated glass or of plastic material.  A device 
shall  be  provided  adjacent  to  each  emergency  window,  readily  available  to 
persons inside the vehicle, to ensure that each window can be broken. 

Every emergency window which can be locked from the outside shall be so 
constructed  as  to  be  capable  of  being  opened  at  all  times  from  inside  the 
vehicle. 

If the emergency window is of a type horizontally hinged at the top edge, an 
appropriate  device  shall  be  provided  to  hold  it  fully  open.    Every  hinged 
emergency  window  shall  operate  so  as  not  to  obstruct  clear  passage  from 
inside or outside the vehicle. 

The height of the lower edge of an emergency window fitted in the side of the 
vehicle  from  the  general  level  of  the  floor  immediately  below  it  (excluding 
any local variations such as the presence of a wheel or transmission housing) 
shall be not more than 1200 mm nor less than 650 mm in the case of a hinged 
emergency window, or 500 mm in the case of a window made of breakable 
glass. 

However, in the case of a hinged emergency window, the height of the lower 
edge  may  be  reduced  to  a  minimum  of  500 mm  provided  that  the  window 
aperture  is  equipped  with  a  guard  up  to  a  height  of  650 mm  to  prevent  the 

 
 
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7.6.8.6. 

7.6.9. 

7.6.9.1. 

7.6.9.2. 

7.6.9.3. 

7.6.9.4. 

7.6.9.5. 

possibility  of  passengers  falling  out  of  the  vehicle.    Where  the  window 
aperture is equipped with a guard, the size of the window aperture above the 
guard  shall  not  be  less  than  the  minimum  size  prescribed  for  an  emergency 
window. 

Every  hinged  emergency  window  which  is  not  clearly  visible  from  the 
driver's seat shall be fitted with an audible warning device to warn the driver 
when it is not completely closed.  The window lock, and not the movement of 
the window itself, shall actuate this device. 

Technical requirements for escape hatches. 

Every escape hatch shall operate so as not to obstruct the clear passage from 
inside or outside the vehicle. 

Roof escape hatches shall be ejectable, hinged or made of readily-breakable 
safety  glass.    Floor  hatches  shall  be  either  hinged  or  ejectable  and  shall  be 
fitted  with  an  audible  warning  device  to  warn  the  driver  when  it  is  not 
securely  closed.    The  floor  escape  hatch  lock,  and  not  the  movement  of  the 
hatch itself, shall actuate this device.  Floor escape hatches shall be proofed 
against unintentional operation.  However this requirement shall not apply if 
the floor hatch is locked automatically when the vehicle is moving at a speed 
exceeding 5 km/h. 

Ejectable  types  shall  not  become  totally  detached  from  the  vehicle  when 
operated such that the hatch is not a danger to other road users.  The operation 
of  ejectable  escape  hatches  shall  be  such  that  inadvertent  operation  is 
effectively  prevented.    Floor  ejectable  hatches  shall  eject  only  into  the 
passenger compartment. 

Hinged escape hatches shall hinge along the edge towards the front or rear of 
the vehicle and shall hinge through an angle of at least 100 degrees.  Hinged 
floor escape hatches shall hinge into the passenger compartment. 

Escape hatches shall be capable of being easily opened or removed from the 
inside and from the outside.  However, this requirement shall not be construed 
as  precluding  the  possibility  of  locking  the  escape  hatch  for  the  purpose  of 
securing  the  vehicle  when  unattended,  provided  that  the  escape  hatch  can 
always  be  opened  or  removed  from  the  inside  by  the  use  of  the  normal 
opening  or  removal  mechanism.    In  the case  of  a  readily-breakable hatch, a 
device  shall  be  provided  adjacent  to  the  hatch,  readily  available  to  persons 
inside the vehicle, to ensure that the hatch can be broken. 

7.6.10. 

Technical requirements for retractable steps 

Retractable steps if fitted shall comply with the following requirements: 

7.6.10.1. 

7.6.10.2. 

the  operation  of  retractable  steps  may  be  synchronised  with  that  of  the 
corresponding service or emergency door; 

when the door is closed no part of the retractable step shall project more than 
10 mm beyond the adjacent line of the body work; 

 
 
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7.6.10.3. 

7.6.10.4. 

7.6.10.5. 

7.6.10.6. 

7.6.10.7. 

7.6.10.8. 

7.6.10.9. 

when the door is open and the retractable step is in the extended position, the 
surface  area  shall  conform  to  the  requirements  of  paragraph  7.7.7.  of  this 
annex; 

in the case of a power-operated step, it shall not be possible for the vehicle to 
move  from  rest,  under  its  own  power,  when  the  step  is  in  the  extended 
position.  In the case of a manually operated step, an audible indication shall 
alert the driver when the step is not fully retracted. 

a  power-operated  step  shall  not  be  capable  of  being  extended  when  the 
vehicle  is  in  motion.    If  the  device  to  operate  the  step  fails,  the  step  shall 
retract  and  remain  in  the  retracted  position.    However,  the  operation  of  the 
corresponding door shall not be hindered in the event of such a failure or by 
the step being damaged or obstructed. 

when  a  passenger  is  standing  on  a  power-operated  retractable  step,  the 
corresponding door shall be incapable of being closed.  Compliance with this 
requirement shall be checked by placing a mass of 15 kg, representing a small 
child, at the centre of the step.  This requirement shall not apply to any door 
within the driver's direct field of view. 

the  movement  of  the  retractable  step  shall  not  be liable to  cause any  bodily 
harm either to passengers or to persons waiting at bus stops; 

the corners of retractable steps facing forwards or rearwards shall be rounded 
to a radius of not less than 5 mm; the edges shall be rounded to a radius of not 
less than 2.5 mm; 

when the passenger door is open, the retractable step shall be securely held in 
the  extended  position.    When  a  mass  of  136 kg  is  placed  in  the  centre  of  a 
single  step  or  a  mass  of  272 kg  is  placed  in  the  centre  of  a  double  step  the 
deflection at any point on the step shall not exceed 10 mm. 

7.6.11. 

Markings 

7.6.11.1. 

7.6.11.2. 

7.6.11.3. 

7.6.11.4. 

Each  emergency  exit  shall  be  marked,  inside  and  outside  the  vehicle,  by  an 
inscription reading "Emergency exit" supplemented, where appropriate, by an 
international representative symbol. 

The emergency controls of service doors and of all emergency exits shall be 
marked  as  such  inside  and  outside  the  vehicle  either  by  a  representative 
symbol or by a clearly-worded inscription. 

Clear  instructions  concerning  the  method  of  operation  shall  be  placed  on  or 
close to every emergency control of an exit. 

The  language  in  which  any  textual  markings  intended  to  comply  with 
paragraphs 7.6.11.1. to 7.6.11.3. are to be inscribed shall be determined by the 
approving  authority  bearing  in  mind  the  country  /  countries  in  which  the 
applicant  intends  to  market  the  vehicle  in  liaison  if  necessary  with  the 
competent authorities of the country / countries concerned.  If the authority of 

 
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L 373/185 

the country / countries where the vehicle is to be registered has the language 
changed, this change shall imply no new type-approval process. 

7.7. 

7.7.1. 

7.7.1.1. 

7.7.1.2. 

Interior arrangements 

Access to service doors (see annex 4, figure l) 

The free space extending inwards into the vehicle from the side wall in which 
the  door  is  mounted  shall  permit  the  free  passage  of  a  vertical  rectangular 
panel  20 mm  thick,  400 mm  wide  and  700 mm  in  height  above  the  floor, 
having  a  second  panel  550 mm  wide  superimposed  symmetrically  above  it; 
the  height  of  the  second  panel  being  as  prescribed  for  the  relevant  class  of 
vehicle.  The dual panel shall be maintained parallel with the door aperture as 
it is moved from the starting position, where the plane of the face nearest to 
the interior of the vehicle is tangential to the outermost edge of the aperture, 
to the position where it touches the first step, after which it shall be kept at 
right  angles  to  the  probable  direction  of  motion  of  a  person  using  the 
entrance. 

The height of the upper rectangular panel shall be for the relevant class of 
vehicle and category as prescribed in the table below.  As an alternative, a 
trapezoidal  section,  having  a  height  of  500 mm,  forming  the  transition 
between the width of the upper and the lower panel, may be used.  In this 
case, the total height of the rectangular section and this trapezoidal section 
of  the  upper  panel  shall  be  1100 mm  for  all  classes  of  vehicles  with  a 
capacity  exceeding  22  passengers,  and  950 mm  for  the  classes  of  vehicle 
with a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. 

Vehicle Class 

Height of the upper panel (mm) 

Total height 

Width 

(Dimension ‘A’ figure 1) 

Alternative trapezoidal 
section 

Class A*/ 

Class B*/ 

950 

700 

Class I 

1100 

Class II 

Class III 

950 

850 

950 

950 

1100 

1100 

1100 

550 **/ 

1650 

1400 

1800 

1650 

1550 

*/ 

For vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers, the lower 
panel may be displaced relative to the upper panel provided that it is in 
the same direction. 

**/  The  width  of  the  upper  panel  may  be  reduced  at  the  top  to  400 mm 
when  a  chamfer  not  exceeding  30  degrees  from  the  horizontal  is 
included. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.7.1.3. 

7.7.1.4. 

7.7.1.5. 

7.7.1.6. 

7.7.1.7. 

7.7.1.8. 

7.7.1.8.1. 

7.7.1.8.2. 

7.7.1.8.3. 

7.7.1.8.4. 

When  the  centre  line  of  this  dual  panel  has  traversed  a  distance  of  300 mm 
from  its  starting  position  and  the  dual  panel  is  touching  the  step  surface  it 
shall be retained in that position. 

The  cylindrical  figure  (see  annex  4,  figure  6)  used  for  testing  the  gangway 
clearance  shall  then  be  moved  starting  from  the  gangway,  in  the  probable 
direction  of  motion  of  a  person  leaving  the  vehicle,  until  its  centre  line  has 
reached the vertical plane which contains the top edge of the uppermost step, 
or  until  a  plane  tangential  to  the  upper  cylinder  touches  the  dual  panel, 
whichever occurs first, and retained in that position (see annex 4, figure 2). 

Between  the  cylindrical  figure,  at  the  position  set  out  in  paragraph  7.7.1.4., 
and the dual panel, at the position set out in paragraph 7.7.1.3., there shall be 
a  free  space  whose  upper  and  lower  limits  are  shown  in  annex  4,  figure  2.  
This free space shall permit the free passage of a vertical panel whose form 
and  dimensions  are  the  same  as  the  cylindrical  form  (paragraph  7.7.5.1.), 
central section and a thickness of no more than 20 mm.  This panel shall be 
moved, from the cylindrical form tangential position, until its external side is 
in  contact  with  the  dual  panel  interior  side,  touching  the  plane  or  planes 
defined  by  the  step  upper  edges,  in  the  probable  direction  of  motion  of  a 
person using the entrance (see annex 4, figure 2). 

The  free  passage  clearance  for  this  figure  shall  not  include  any  space 
extending to 300 mm in front of any uncompressed seat cushion of a forward 
or rearward facing seat, or 225 mm in the case of seats fitted at wheel arches, 
and to the height of the top of the seat cushion. 

In the case of a folding seat, this space shall be determined with the seat in the 
position of use. 

However, a folding seat for use by the crew may obstruct the access passage 
to a service door when in the position of use provided that: 

it  is  clearly  indicated,  both  in  the  vehicle  itself  and  on  the  communication 
form (see annex 1), that the seat is for the use of crew only, 

when the seat is not  in  use  it  folds  automatically as necessary to enable  the 
requirements  of  paragraphs  7.7.1.1.  or  7.7.1.2.  and  7.7.1.3.,  7.7.1.4.  and 
7.7.1.5. to be met; 

the  door  is  not  considered  to  be  a  mandatory  exit  for  the  purpose  of 
paragraph 7.6.1.4., 

when the seat is in the position of use, and when it is in the folded position, no 
part of it shall be forward of a vertical plane passing through the centre of the 
seating  surface  of  the  driver's  seat  in  its  rearmost  position  and  through  the 
centre  of  the  exterior  rear-view  mirror  mounted  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
vehicle. 

7.7.1.9. 

In  the  case  of  vehicles  having  a  capacity  not  exceeding  22 passengers  a 
doorway  and  the  route  by  which  passengers  gain  access  to  it  shall  be 
considered unobstructed if they have: 

 
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L 373/187 

7.7.1.9.1. 

7.7.1.9.2. 

7.7.1.10. 

measured parallel with the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, there is a clearance 
of  not  less  than  220 mm  at  any  point  and  550 mm  at  any  point  being  more 
than 500 mm above the floor or steps (annex 4, figure 3). 

measured  perpendicular  to  the  longitudinal  axis  of  the  vehicle,  there  is  a 
clearance of not less than 300 mm at any point and 550 mm at any point being 
more than 1200 mm above the floor or steps or less than 300 mm below the 
ceiling (annex 4, figure 4). 

The  service  door  and  emergency  door  dimensions  in  paragraph  7.6.3.1.  and 
the requirements of paragraphs 7.7.1.1. to 7.7.1.7., 7.7.2.1. to 7.7.2.3., 7.7.5.1. 
and  7.7.8.5.  shall  not  apply  to  a  vehicle  of  class  B  with  a  technically 
permissible maximum mass not exceeding 3.5 tonnes and up to 12 passenger 
seats in which each seat has unobstructed access to at least two doors. 

7.7.1.11. 

The  maximum  slope  of  the  floor  in  the  access  passage  shall  not  exceed  5 
percent when measured with the vehicle at its mass in running order standing 
on a horizontal surface.  Any kneeling device shall not be engaged. 

7.7.2. 

Access to emergency doors (see annex 4, figure 5) 

7.7.2.1. 

7.7.2.2. 

7.7.2.3. 

7.7.2.4. 

7.7.3. 

7.7.3.1. 

7.7.3.2. 

7.7.3.3. 

The  following  requirements  shall  not  apply  to  driver's  doors  used  as 
emergency exits in vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. 

The free space between the gangway and the emergency door aperture shall 
permit  the  free  passage  of  a  vertical  cylinder  300 mm  in  diameter  and 
700 mm  high  from  the  floor  and  supporting  a  second  vertical  cylinder 
550 mm in diameter, the aggregate height of the assembly being 1400 mm. 

The  diameter  of  the  upper  cylinder  may  be  reduced  at  the  top  to 400 mm 
when a chamfer not exceeding 30 degrees from the horizontal is included. 

The  base  of  the  first  cylinder  shall  be  within  the  projection  of  the  second 
cylinder. 

Where folding seats are installed alongside this passage, the free space for the 
cylinder shall be required to be determined when the seat is in the position for 
use. 

As  an  alternative  to  the  dual  cylinder,  the  gauging  device  described  in 
paragraph 7.7.5.1. may be used (see annex 4, figure 6). 

Access to emergency windows 

It shall be possible to move a test gauge from the gangway to the exterior of 
the vehicle through every emergency window. 

The direction of motion of the test gauge shall be in the direction in which a 
passenger evacuating the vehicle would be expected to move.  The test gauge 
shall be kept perpendicular to that direction of motion. 

The test gauge shall be in the form of a thin plate having a size of 600 mm x 
400 mm  with  corners  radiused  by  200 mm.    However,  in  the  case  of  an 

 
 
 
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emergency  window  in  the  rear  face  of  the  vehicle,  the  test  gauge  may 
alternatively  have  a  size  of  1400 mm  x  350 mm  with  corners  radiused  by 
175 mm. 

7.7.4. 

Access to escape hatches 

7.7.4.1. 

Escape hatches in the roof 

7.7.4.1.1. 

Except  in  the  case  of  Class  I  vehicles,  at  least  one  escape  hatch  shall  be 
located  such  that  a  four-sided  truncated  pyramid  having  a  side  angle  of  20 
degrees and a height of 1600 mm touches part of a seat or equivalent support.  
The axis of the pyramid shall be vertical and its smaller section shall contact 
the aperture area of the escape hatch.  Supports may be foldable or movable 
provided  they can  be locked  in  their position  of  use.    This  position  shall  be 
taken for verification. 

7.7.4.1.2. 

When  the  structural  thickness  of  the  roof  is  more  than  150 mm,  the  smaller 
section of the pyramid shall contact the aperture area of the escape hatch at 
the level of the outside surface of the roof. 

7.7.4.2. 

Escape hatches in the floor. 

In  the  case  of  an  escape hatch  fitted  in  the  floor,  the  hatch  shall give direct 
and  free  access  to  the  exterior  of  the  vehicle  and  be  fitted  where  there  is  a 
clear  space  above  the  hatch  equivalent  to  the  height  of  the  gangway.    Any 
heat source or moving components shall be at least 500 mm from any part of 
the hatch aperture. 

It  shall  be  possible  to  move  a  test  gauge  in  the  form  of  a  thin  plate  having 
dimensions  600 mm  x  400 mm  with  corners  radiused  by  200 mm  in  a 
horizontal position from a height above the floor of the vehicle of 1 m to the 
ground. 

 
 
 
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7.7.5. 

7.7.5.1. 

Gangways (see annex 4, figure 6) 

The gangway of a vehicle shall be so designed and constructed as to permit 
the free passage of a gauging device consisting of two co-axial cylinders with 
an  inverted  truncated  cone  interposed  between  them,  the  gauging  device 
having the following dimensions (in mm): 

Class I 

Class II 

Class III 

Class A 

Class B 

450 

350 

300 

350 

300 

900 

900 

900 

900 

900 

550 

550 

450 

550 

450 

500 */ 

500 */ 

500 */ 

500 */ 

300 

Diameter of lower 
cylinder ‘A’ 

Height of lower 
cylinder 

Diameter of upper 
cylinder ‘C’ 

Height of upper 
cylinder ‘B’ 

Overall height ‘H’ 

1900 */ 

1900 */ 

1900 */ 

1900 */ 

1500 

The height of the upper cylinder and herewith the overall height may be 

*/ 
reduced by 100 mm in any part of the gangway to the rear of: 

a) 
a  transverse  plane  situated  1.5 m  forward  of  the  centre  line  of  the  rear 
axle (foremost rear axle in the case of vehicles with more than one rear axle), 
and 

a transverse vertical plane situated at the rear edge of the service door or 

b) 
of the rearmost service door if there are more than one service door. 

The diameter of the upper cylinder may be reduced at the top to 300 mm when 
a chamfer not exceeding 30 degrees from the horizontal is included. 

The  gauging  device  may  come  into  contact  with  strap  hangers,  if  fitted,  or 
other flexible objects such as seat belt components and move them away. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.7.5.1.1. 

If there is no exit forward of a seat or row of seats: 

7.7.5.1.1.1. 

7.7.5.1.1.2. 

7.7.5.1.1.3. 

7.7.5.2. 

7.7.5.2.1. 

7.7.5.2.2. 

7.7.5.3. 

7.7.5.4. 

7.7.5.5. 

7.7.5.6. 

7.7.5.7. 

In  the  case  of  forward-facing  seats,  the  front  edge  of  the  cylindrical  gauge 
defined in paragraph 7.7.5.1. shall reach at least until the transverse vertical 
plane tangential to the foremost point of the foremost front row seat back and 
be retained in that position.  From this plane, it must be possible to move the 
panel shown in annex 4, figure 7, in such a way that starting from the contact 
position  with  the  cylindrical  gauge,  the  panel  side  facing  the  exterior  of  the 
vehicle is displaced forwards a distance of 660 mm. 

In the case of sideways facing seats, the forward part of the cylindrical gauge 
must reach at least the transversal plane which coincides with a vertical plane 
passing through the centre of the forward seat. (annex 4, figure 7). 

In the case of rearward facing seats, the forward part of the cylindrical gauge 
shall  reach  at  least  the  transverse  vertical  plane  tangential  to  the  face  of  the 
seat cushions of the forward row or seat (annex 4, figure 7). 

On  vehicles  of  Class  I,  the  diameter  of  the  lower  cylinder  may  be  reduced 
from 450 mm to 400 mm in any part of the gangway to the rear of: 

a transverse vertical plane situated 1.5 m forward of the centre line of the rear 
axle (foremost rear axle in the case of vehicles with more than one rear axle); 
and 

a  transverse  vertical  plane  situated  at  the  rear  edge  of  the  rearmost  service 
door. 

On vehicles of Class III the seats on one side or on both sides of the gangway 
may  be  movable  laterally,  it  being  then  possible  to  reduce  the  width  of  the 
gangway to a figure corresponding to a lower cylinder diameter of 220 mm, 
on condition that the operation of a control on each seat, readily accessible to 
a  person  standing  in  the  gangway,  shall  be  sufficient  to  cause  the  seat  to 
return  easily  and,  if  possible,  automatically,  even  when  it  is  loaded,  to  the 
position corresponding to a minimum width of 300 mm.  

On articulated vehicles, the gauging device defined in paragraph 7.7.5.1. shall 
be able to pass unobstructed through the articulated section.  No part of the 
soft covering of that section, including parts of bellows, shall project into the 
gangway. 

Steps may be fitted in the gangways.  The width of such steps shall not be less 
than the width of the gangway at the top of the steps. 

Folding  seats  allowing  passengers  to  sit  in  the  gangway  shall  not  be 
permitted. 

Laterally-sliding seats which in one position encroach on the gangway shall 
not be permitted except on vehicles of Class III and subject to the conditions 
prescribed in paragraph 7.7.5.3. 

 
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7.7.5.8. 

In the case of vehicles to which paragraph 7.7.1.9. applies, a gangway shall 
not be necessary provided the access dimensions specified in that paragraph 
are respected. 

7.7.5.9. 

The surface of gangways and access passages shall be slip-resistant. 

7.7.6. 

Slope of gangway 

The slope of the gangway, measured with the vehicle unladen on a horizontal 
surface, and with the kneeling system not activated, shall not exceed: 

7.7.6.1. 

7.7.6.2. 

7.7.6.3 

7.7.6.4. 

7.7.7. 

7.7.7.1. 

8 per cent in the case of a vehicle of Class I, II or A, or 

(reserved) 

12.5 percent in the case of a vehicle of Class III and B, and 

5  percent  in  the  case  of  the  plane  perpendicular  to  the  longitudinal  axis  of 
symmetry of vehicle. 

Steps (see annex 4, figure 8) 

The maximum and minimum height, with the kneeling system not activated, 
and  the  minimum  depth  of  steps  for  passengers  at  service  and  emergency 
doors and within the vehicle shall be as follows: 

Classes 

step 

First 
ground ‘D’ 

I and A 

II, III and B 

from 

Max height (mm) 

340 1/ 

380 1/ 2/ 5/ 

Min depth (mm) 

300 */ 

Other steps ‘E’ 

Max height (mm) 

250 3/ 

350 4/ 

Min height (mm) 

120 

Min depth (mm) 

200 

*/  

1/  

2/  

3/  

4/  

230 mm for vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. 

700 mm in the case of an emergency door. 

1500 mm  in  the  case  of  an  emergency  door  in  the  upper  deck  of  a 
double-deck vehicle. 

430 mm in the case of a vehicle with solely mechanical suspension. 

300 mm in the case of steps at a door behind the rearmost axle. 

250 mm  in  gangways  for  vehicles  having  a  capacity  not  exceeding  22 
passengers. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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5/  

for at least one service door; 400 mm for other service doors. 

Note:  1. 

At a double doorway the steps in each half of the access passage 

shall be treated separately. 

7.7.7.1.1. 

7.7.7.2. 

7.7.7.3. 

7.7.7.4. 

7.7.7.5. 

7.7.7.6. 

7.7.7.7. 

2. 

Annex 4, Figure 8, dimension E, need not be the same for each 
step. 

Any  transition  from  a  sunken  gangway  to  a  seating  area  shall  not  be 
considered to be a step.  However, the vertical distance between the gangway 
surface and the floor of the seating area shall not exceed 350 mm. 

For the purpose of paragraph 7.7.7., the height of a step shall be measured at 
the  centre  of  its  width.    Furthermore,  manufacturers  should  specifically  take 
account of access by passengers with reduced mobility, particularly in relation 
to a step height to be kept to a minimum. 

The height of the first step in relation to the ground shall be measured with 
the  vehicle  on  level  ground,  at  its  mass  in  running  order  as  defined  in 
paragraph 2.18. of this Regulation, and the tyre equipment and pressure being 
as  specified  by  the  manufacturer  for  the  technically  permissible  maximum 
laden  mass  (M)  declared  in  accordance  with  paragraph  2.19.  of  this 
Regulation. 

Where there is more than one step, each step may extend into the area of the 
vertical projection of the next step by up to 100 mm and the projection over 
the  tread  below  shall  leave  a  free  surface  of  at  least  200 mm  (see  annex  4, 
figure 8) with all step nosings being designed such as to minimise the risk of 
tripping and being in a contrasting colour or colours. 

The width and shape of every step shall be such that a rectangle as indicated 
in the table below can be placed on that step with not more that 5 percent of 
the  area  of  the  appropriate  rectangle  overhanging  the  step.    At  a  double 
doorway each half of the doorway shall fulfil this requirement. 

Number of passengers 

> 22 

< 22 

Area 

First step (mm) 

400 x 300 

400 x 200 

Other steps (mm) 

400 x 200 

400 x 200 

All steps shall have a slip-resistant surface. 

The  maximum  slope  of  the  step  in  any  direction  shall  not  exceed  5  percent 
when the unladen vehicle is standing on a smooth and horizontal surface in its 
normal  condition  of  travel  (in  particular  any  kneeling  device  shall  not  be 
engaged). 

7.7.8. 

Passenger seats and space for seated passengers 

7.7.8.1. 

Minimum seat width 

 
 
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7.7.8.1.1. 

The  minimum  width  of  the  seat  cushion,  dimension  F  (annex  4,  figure  9), 
measured  from  a  vertical  plane  passing  through  the  centre  of  that  seating 
position, shall be: 

Class I, II, A, B    200 mm. 

Class III                225 mm. 

7.7.8.1.2. 

The  minimum  width  of  the  available  space  for  each  seating  position, 
dimension  G  (annex  4,  figure  9),  measured  from  a  vertical  plane  passing 
through  the  centre  of  that  seating  position  at  height  between  270 mm  and 
650 mm above the uncompressed seat cushion, shall be not less than: 

7.7.8.1.3. 

7.7.8.1.4. 

individual seats: 

continuous rows of seats for two or more passengers 

250 mm 

225 mm. 

For  vehicles  2.35 m  in  width  or  less,  the  width  of  the  available  space  for 
each  seating  position,  measured  from  a  vertical  plane  passing  through  the 
centre  of  that  seating  position  at  heights  between  270 mm  and  650 mm 
above the uncompressed seat cushion shall be 200 mm (see annex 4, figure 
9A).    In  case  of  compliance  with  this  paragraph  the  requirements  of 
paragraph 7.7.8.1.2. shall not apply. 

For  vehicles  having  a  capacity  not  exceeding  22  passengers,  in  the  case  of 
seats adjacent to the wall of the vehicle, the available space does not include, 
in its upper part, a triangular area 20 mm wide by 100 mm high (see annex 4, 
figure 10).  In addition, the space needed for safety belts and their anchorages 
and for the sun visor should be considered as exempted. 

7.7.8.2. 

Minimum depth of seat cushion (dimension K, see annex 4, figure 11) 

The minimum depth of a seat cushion shall be: 

7.7.8.2.1. 

350 mm in vehicles of Classes I, A and B, and 

7.7.8.2.2. 

400 mm in vehicles of Class II and Class III. 

7.7.8.3. 

Height of seat cushion (dimension H, see annex 4, figure 11) 

The height of the uncompressed seat cushion relative to the floor shall be such 
that  the  distance  from  the  floor  to  a  horizontal  plane  tangential  to  the  front 
upper  surface  of  the  seat  cushion  is  between  400 mm  and  500 mm:    this 
height may however be reduced to not less than 350 mm at the wheel arches 
and at the engine compartment. 

7.7.8.4. 

Seat spacing (see annex 4, figure 12) 

7.7.8.4.1. 

In  the  case  of  seats  facing  in  the  same  direction,  the  distance  between  the 
front  of  a  seat  squab  and  the  back  of  the  squab  of  the  seat  preceding  it 
(dimension H), shall, when measured horizontally and at all heights above the 
floor  between  the  level  of  the  top  surface  of  the  seat  cushion  and  a  point 
620 mm above the floor, not be less than: 

 
 
 
 
 
L 373/194 

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27.12.2006 

H 

Class I, A and B 

Class II and III 

650 mm 

680 mm 

7.7.8.4.2. 

7.7.8.4.3. 

7.7.8.4.4. 

7.7.8.4.5. 

7.7.8.4.6. 

All  measurements  shall  be  taken,  with  the  seat  cushion  and  squab 
uncompressed,  in  a  vertical  plane  passing  through  the  centreline  of  the 
individual seating place. 

Where transverse  seats  face  one  another  the  minimum  distance  between  the 
front faces of the seat squabs of facing seats, as measured across the highest 
points of the seat cushions, shall be not less than 1300 mm. 

Measurements  shall  be  taken  with  reclining  passenger  seats  and  adjustable 
driving  seats  with  their  seat  backs  and  other  seat  adjustments  in  the  normal 
position of use specified by the manufacturer. 

Measurements shall be taken with any folding table fitted to a seat back in the 
folded position. 

Seats  which  are  mounted  on  a  track  or  other  system  which  permits  the 
operator  or  the  user  to  easily  vary  the  interior  configuration  of  the  vehicle 
shall be measured in the normal position of use specified by the manufacturer 
in the application for approval. 

7.7.8.5. 

Space for seated passengers (see annex 4, figure 13) 

7.7.8.5.1. 

7.7.8.5.2. 

A minimum clear space in front of each passenger seat shall be provided as 
shown  in  annex  4,  figure  13.    The  seat-back  of  another  preceding  seat  or  a 
partition whose contour corresponds approximately to that of the inclined seat 
back may intrude into this space as provided by paragraph 7.7.8.4.  The local 
presence  in  this  space  of  seat  legs  shall  also  be  permitted  provided  that 
adequate space remains for the passenger's feet.  In the case of seats alongside 
the  driver's  seat  in  vehicles  with  up  to  22  passengers,  intrusion  of  the 
dashboard,  instrument  panel,  windscreen,  sun  visor,  seat  belts  and  seat  belt 
anchorages shall be allowed. 

However, at least two in Class I and Class II and one in Class A forward or 
rearward  facing  seats  specifically  intended  and  marked  for  passengers  with 
reduced mobility other than wheelchair users shall be provided in that part of 
the bus which is most suitable for boarding.  These seats shall be designed for 
passengers  with  reduced  mobility  so  as to  provide  enough  space,  shall  have 
suitably designed and placed handholds to facilitate entry and exit of the seat 
and  provide  communication  in  accordance  with  paragraph  7.7.10.  from  the 
seated position. 

7.7.8.5.2.1. 

These  seats  shall  provide  at  least  110  percent  of  the  space  specified  in 
paragraph 7.7.8.5.1. 

7.7.8.6. 

Free height over seating positions 

 
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L 373/195 

7.7.8.6.1. 

Over each seating position and, except in the case of the front row seats in a 
vehicle not exceeding 22 passengers, its associated foot space, there shall be 
measured a free space with a height of not less than 900 mm measured from 
the  highest  point  of  the  uncompressed  seat  cushion  and  at  least  1350 mm 
from the mean level of the floor in the foot space.  In the case of vehicles to 
which  paragraph  7.7.1.10.  applies,  this  dimension  may  be  reduced  to 
1200 mm measured from the floor. 

7.7.8.6.2. 

This free space shall be extended over the zone defined: 

7.7.8.6.2.1. 

by  longitudinal  vertical  planes  200 mm  either  side  of  the  median  vertical 
plane of the seating position, and 

7.7.8.6.2.2. 

by  a  transverse  vertical  plane  through  the  rearmost  upper  point  of  the  seat 
back and by a transverse vertical plane 280 mm in front of the foremost point 
of  the  uncompressed  seat  cushion,  measured  in  each  case  at  the  median 
vertical plane of the seating position. 

7.7.8.6.3. 

From  the  edges  of  the  free  space  defined  by  paragraphs  7.7.8.6.1.  and 
7.7.8.6.2., the following zones may be excluded: 

7.7.8.6.3.1. 

in the case of the upper part of the outboard seats, a zone with a rectangular 
cross-section 150 mm in height and 100 mm in width (see annex 4, figure 14). 

7.7.8.6.3.2. 

7.7.8.6.3.3. 

7.7.8.6.3.4. 

in the case of the upper part of outboard seats, a zone with a triangular cross-
section  whose  apex  is  situated  650 mm  from  the  floor  and  whose  base  is 
100 mm in width (see annex 4, figure 15); 

in  the  case  of  the  foot  well  of  an  outboard  seat,  a  zone  of  a  cross-sectional 
area  not  exceeding,  0.02 m2  (0.03 m2  for  Class  I  low  floor  vehicles)  and 
having  a  maximum  width  not  exceeding  100 mm  (150 mm  for  Class  I  low 
floor vehicles) (see annex 4, figure 16). 

In  the  case  of  a  vehicle  for  up  to  22  passengers,  in  the  case  of  the  seating 
places nearest to the rear corners of the body, the outer rear edge of the free 
space, viewed in plan, may be rounded to a radius not exceeding 150 mm (see 
annex 4, figure 17). 

7.7.8.6.4. 

In the free space defined by paragraphs 7.7.8.6.1., 7.7.8.6.2. and 7.7.8.6.3., the 
following additional intrusions shall be permitted: 

7.7.8.6.4.1. 

intrusion  of  the  back  of  another  seat,  its  supports  and  its  attachments  (e.g. 
folding table); 

7.7.8.6.4.2. 

In  the  case  of  a  vehicle  for  up  to  22  passengers,  intrusion  of  a  wheel  arch 
provided that one of the following two conditions is fulfilled: 

7.7.8.6.4.2.1. 

the intrusion does not extend beyond the median vertical plane of the seating 
position (see annex 4, figure 18), or 

7.7.8.6.4.2.2. 

the  nearest  edge  of  the  area  300 mm  in  depth  available  for  the  feet  of  the 
seated  passenger  is  advanced  no  more  than  200 mm  from  the  edge  of  the 

 
L 373/196 

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27.12.2006 

7.7.8.6.4.3. 

7.7.9. 

7.7.9.1. 

uncompressed seat cushion and to not more than 600 mm in front of the squab 
of  the  seat,  these  measurements  being  made  in  the  median  vertical  plane  of 
the seating position (see annex 4, figure 19).  In the case of two seats facing 
each  other  this  provision  shall  apply  to  only  one  of  the  seats  and  the 
remaining space for the feet of seated passengers must be at least 400 mm. 

In  the  case  of  seats  alongside  the  driver's  seat  in  vehicles  with  up  to 
22 passengers, intrusion of hopper type windows when open and their fittings, 
of  the  dashboard  /  instrument  panel,  windscreen,  sun  visors,  seat  belts,  seat 
belt anchorages and front dome. 

Communication with the driver 

On  vehicles  of  Classes  I,  II  and  A,  a  means  shall  be  provided  to  enable 
passengers  to  signal  to  the  driver  that  she/he  should  stop  the  vehicle.    The 
controls for all such communication devices shall have protruding buttons, in 
vehicles of Class I and A no more than 1200 mm from the floor, and shall be 
a contrasting colour or colours.  Controls shall be distributed adequately and 
evenly  throughout  the  vehicle.    Activation  of  the  control  shall  also  be 
indicated to the passengers by means of one or more illuminated signs.  The 
sign  shall  display  the  words  "bus  stopping"  or  equivalent,  and/or  a  suitable 
pictogram  and  shall  remain  illuminated  until  the  service  door(s)  open.  
Articulated vehicles shall have such signs in each rigid section of the vehicle.  
Double-deck vehicles shall have them on each deck. 

7.7.9.2. 

Communication with the crew compartment 

If  a  crew  compartment  is  fitted  without  access  to  the  driver  or  passenger 
compartments,  a  means  of  communication  between  the driver and this  crew 
compartment shall be provided. 

7.7.10. 

Hot drink machines and cooking equipment 

7.7.10.1. 

7.7.10.2. 

Hot drink machines and cooking equipment shall be so installed or guarded 
that  no  hot  food  or  drink  is  likely  to  be  spilled  on  any  passenger  due  to 
emergency braking or cornering forces. 

On  vehicles  fitted  with  hot-drink  machines  or  cooking  equipment,  all 
passenger  seats  shall  have  adequate  provision  for  setting  down  hot  food  or 
drink whilst the vehicle is in motion. 

7.7.11. 

Doors to interior compartments 

Every door to a toilet or other interior compartment: 

7.7.11.1. 

7.7.11.2. 

shall be self-closing, and shall not be fitted with any device to hold it open if, 
when open, it could obstruct passengers in an emergency, 

shall,  when  open,  not  conceal  any  handle,  control  device  for  opening  or 
obligatory  marking  associated  with  any  service  door,  emergency  door, 
emergency exit, fire extinguisher or first aid kit; 

 
 
 
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7.7.11.3. 

7.7.11.4. 

7.8. 

7.8.1. 

7.8.1.1. 

7.8.1.2. 

7.8.1.3. 

7.8.1.4. 

7.8.1.5. 

7.8.2. 

7.8.3. 

7.9. 

7.9.1. 

7.9.2. 

7.9.2.1. 

7.9.2.2. 

7.9.3. 

7.9.3.1. 

7.9.3.2. 

shall be provided with a means to enable the door to be opened from outside 
the compartment in an emergency, 

shall not be capable of being locked from the outside unless it can always be 
opened from the inside. 

Artificial lighting 

Internal electrical lighting shall be provided for the illumination of: 

all passenger compartments, crew compartments, toilet compartments and the 
articulated section of an articulated vehicle; 

any step or steps; 

the access to any exits and the area immediately around the service door(s); 

the internal markings and internal controls of all exits; 

all places where there are obstacles. 

There  shall  be  at  least  two  internal  lighting  circuits  such  that  failure  of  one 
will  not  affect  the  other.    A  circuit  serving  only  permanent  entry  and  exit 
lighting can be considered as one of these circuits. 

Provisions  shall  be  made  to  protect  the  driver  from  the  effects  of  glare  and 
reflections caused by artificial interior lighting. 

Articulated section of articulated vehicles 

The articulated section that interconnects rigid portions of the vehicle shall be 
so designed and constructed as to allow at least one rotary movement about at 
least one horizontal axis, and at least one vertical axis. 

When  the  articulated  vehicle  at  its  mass  in  running  order  is  stationary  on  a 
horizontal level surface, there shall not be between the floor of either of the 
rigid  sections  and  the  floor  of  the  rotating  base  or  of  the  element  replacing 
that base an uncovered gap of a width exceeding: 

10 mm when all the wheels of the vehicle are on the same plane, or 

20 mm  when  the  wheels  of  the  axle  adjacent  to  the  articulated  section  are 
resting  on  a  surface  which  is  150 mm  higher  than  the  surface  on  which  the 
wheels of the other axles are resting. 

The difference in level between the floor of the rigid portions and the floor of 
the rotating base, measured at the joint, shall not exceed: 

20 mm in the conditions described in paragraph 7.9.2.1., or 

30 mm in the conditions described in paragraph 7.9.2.2. 

 
L 373/198 

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7.9.4. 

7.9.4.1. 

7.9.4.2. 

7.9.4.3. 

7.10. 

On articulated vehicles means shall be provided to physically prevent access 
by passengers to any part of the articulated section where: 

the  floor  has  an  uncovered  gap  not  complying  with  the  requirements  of 
paragraph 7.9.2.; 

the floor cannot carry the mass of the passengers; 

the movements of the walls constitute a danger to passengers. 

Direction-holding of articulated vehicles 

When  an  articulated  vehicle  is  moving  in  a  straight  line,  the  longitudinal 
median planes of its rigid portion shall coincide and form a continuous plane 
without any deflection. 

7.11. 

7.11.1. 

Handrails and handholds 

General requirements 

7.11.1.1. 

Handrails and handholds shall be of adequate strength. 

7.11.1.2. 

7.11.1.3. 

They  shall  be  so  designed  and  installed  as  to  present  no  risk  of  injury  to 
passengers. 

Handrails  and  handholds  shall  be  of  a  section  enabling  passengers  to  grasp 
them  easily  and  firmly.    Every  handrail  shall  provide  a  length  of  at  least 
100 mm  to  accommodate  a  hand.    No  dimension  of  the  section  shall  be 
smaller than 20 mm or greater than 45 mm except in the case of handrails on 
doors  and  seats  and,  in  the  case  of  a  vehicle  of  Class  II,  III  or  B,  in  access 
passages.    In  these  cases  handrails  having  a  minimum  dimension  of  15 mm 
shall  be  permitted  provided  that  one  other  dimension  is  of  at  least  25 mm.  
Handrails shall not have sharp bends. 

7.11.1.4. 

The  clearance  between  a  handrail  or  handhold  and  the  adjacent  part  of  the 
vehicle body or walls shall be of at least 40 mm.  However, in the case of a 
handrail on a door or a seat, or in the access passage of a vehicle of Class II, 
III or B, a minimum clearance of 35 mm shall be permitted. 

7.11.1.5. 

The  surface  of  every  handrail,  handhold  or  stanchion  shall  be  colour 
contrasting and slip-resistant. 

7.11.2. 

Handrails and handholds for standing passengers 

7.11.2.1. 

Handrails  and/or  handholds  shall  be  provided  in  sufficient  number  for  each 
point  of  the  floor  area  intended,  in  conformity  with  paragraph  7.2.2.  for 
standing passengers.  For this purpose, strap hangers, if fitted, may be counted 
as handholds, provided that they are held in their position by suitable means.  
This requirement shall be deemed to be fulfilled if, for all possible sites of the 
testing  device  shown  in  annex  4,  figure  20  hereto,  at  least  two  handrails  or 
handholds can be reached by the device's moveable arm.  The testing device 
may be freely turned about its vertical axis. 

 
 
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7.11.2.2. 

7.11.2.3. 

7.11.2.4. 

When  applying  the  procedure  described  in  paragraph  7.11.2.1.,  only  such 
handrails and handholds shall be considered as are not less than 800 mm and 
not more than 1900 mm above the floor. 

For every position that can be occupied by a standing passenger, at least one 
of the two required handrails or handholds shall be not more than 1500 mm 
above the level of the floor at that position.  This does not apply to an area 
adjacent  to  a  door  where  the  door  or its  mechanism  in  open  position  would 
prevent the use of this handhold. 

Areas which can be occupied by standing passengers and are not separated by 
seats  from  the  side  walls  or  rear  wall  of  the  vehicle  shall  be  provided  with 
horizontal handrails parallel to the walls and installed at a height of between 
800 mm and 1500 mm above the floor. 

7.11.3. 

Handrails and handholds for service doors 

7.11.3.1. 

7.11.3.2. 

7.11.3.2.1. 

7.11.3.2.2. 

Door apertures shall be fitted with handrails and/or handholds on each side.  
In  the  case  of  double  doors  this  requirement  can  be  fulfilled  by  fitting  one 
central stanchion or one central handrail. 

Handrails and/or handholds to be provided for service doors shall be such that 
they  include  a  grasping  point  available  to  a  person  standing  on  the  ground 
adjacent  to  the  service  door  or  on  any  of  the  successive  steps.    Such  points 
shall be situated, vertically, between 800 mm and 1100 mm above the ground 
or above the surface of each step, and horizontally: 

for the position appropriate to a person standing on the ground, not more than 
400 mm inwards from the outer edge of the first step; and 

for the position appropriate to a particular step, not outwards from the outer 
edge  of  the  step  considered,  and  not  more  than  600 mm  inwards  from  that 
same edge. 

7.11.4. 

Handrails to priority seating. 

7.11.4.1. 

A handrail at a height of between 800 mm and 900 mm above the floor level 
shall  be  provided  between  the  priority  seats  as  described  in  paragraph 
7.7.8.5.2. and the service door suitable for boarding and alighting.  A break is 
permitted  where  it  is  necessary  to  gain  access  to  a  wheelchair  space,  a  seat 
located  at  a  wheel  arch,  a  staircase,  an  access  passage  or  a  gangway.    Any 
break in the handrail shall not exceed 1050 mm and a vertical handrail shall 
be provided on at least one side of the break. 

 
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7.12. 

7.12.1. 

Guarding of step wells 

Where any seated passenger is likely to be thrown forward into a step well as 
a  result  of  heavy  braking,  a  guard  shall  be  fitted.    The  guard  shall  have  a 
minimum height from the floor on which the passenger's feet rest of 800 mm 
and  shall  extend  inwards  from  the  wall  of  the  vehicle  at  least  as  far  as 
100 mm beyond the longitudinal centre line of any seating position where the 
passenger  is  at  risk  or  to  the  riser  of  the  innermost  step;  whichever  is  the 
lesser dimension. 

7.13. 

Baggage racks and occupant protection 

7.14. 

7.14.1. 

7.15. 

7.15.1. 

The occupants of the vehicle shall be protected from objects liable to fall from 
baggage racks under braking or cornering forces.  If baggage compartments 
are fitted, they must be designed in such a way that baggage is prevented from 
falling in the event of sudden braking. 

Trap doors, if fitted 

Every trap door, that is not an escape hatch, on the floor of a vehicle shall be 
so fitted and secured that it cannot be dislodged or opened without the use of 
tools  or  keys  and  no  lifting  or  securing  device  shall  project  by  more  than 
8 mm above floor level.  Edges of projections shall be rounded. 

Visual Entertainment 

Forms of visual entertainment for passengers, for example television monitors 
or videos, shall be located out of the driver’s view when the driver is seated in 
his normal driving position.  This shall not preclude any television monitor 
or  similar  device  used  as  part  of  the  driver’s  control  or  guidance  of  the 
vehicle, for example to monitor service doors. 

 
 
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ANNEX 3 

Appendix 

VERIFICATION OF STATIC TILTING LIMIT BY MEANS OF CALCULATION 

1. 

2. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

3.3. 

A vehicle may be shown to meet the requirement specified in paragraph 7.4. 
of  annex 3  by  a  calculation  method  approved  by  the  technical  service  for 
conducting the tests. 

The technical service responsible for conducting the tests may require tests to 
be carried out on parts of the vehicle to verify the assumptions made in the 
calculation. 

Preparations for calculation. 

The vehicle shall be represented by a spatial system. 

Due to the location of the centre of gravity of the body of the vehicle and the 
different  spring  rates  of  the  vehicle  suspension  and  tyres,  axles  do  not 
generally lift simultaneously on one side of the vehicle as a result of lateral 
acceleration.    Therefore,  lateral  tilting  of  the  body  over  each  axle  has  to  be 
ascertained on the supposition that the wheels of the other axle(s) remain on 
the ground. 

To  simplify  matters,  it  shall  be  assumed  that  the  centre  of  gravity  of  the 
unsprung  masses  lies  in  the  longitudinal  plane  of  the  vehicle  on  the  line 
passing through the centre of the wheel rotation axle.  The small shifting of 
the  roll  centre  due  to  deflection  of  the  axle  can  be  neglected.    The  air 
suspension control should not be taken into account. 

3.4. 

The following parameters, at least, shall be taken into account: 

vehicle  data  such  as  wheel  base,  tread  width  and  sprung/unsprung  masses, 
location of the centre of gravity of the vehicle, deflection and rebound and the 
spring  rate  of  the  vehicle  suspension,  considering  also  non-linearity, 
horizontal and vertical spring rate of the tyres, torsion of the superstructure, 
location of the roll centre of the axles. 

4. 

4.1. 

Validity of the calculation method. 

The validity of the calculation method shall be established to the satisfaction 
of the technical service, e.g. on the basis of a comparative test with a similar 
vehicle. 

 
 
 
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ANNEX 4 

EXPLANATORY DIAGRAMS 

Figure 1 

ACCESS TO SERVICE DOORS 

(see Annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1.) 

alternatives 
Classes I, II and III: A = 1100 mm 
Classes A and B: A = 950 mm 

Number of passengers 
Classes 
Dimension A (mm) 
Total height of dual panel 

< 
A 
950 
1650 

22 1/ 
B 
700 
1400 

I 
1100 
1800 

> 22 
II 
950 
1650 

III 
850 
1550 

1/  See the respective footnote in annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1.2. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 2 

ACCESS TO SERVICE DOORS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1.4.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 3 

DETERMINATION OF UNOBSTRUCTED ACCESS TO DOOR 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1.9.1.) 

Figure 4 

DETERMINATION OF UNOBSTRUCTED ACCESS TO DOOR 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.1.9.2.) 

Roof line 

300 
min 

1200 
max 

550 
min 

300 
min 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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L 373/205 

Figure 5 

ACCESS TO EMERGENCY DOORS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.2.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 6 

GANGWAYS 
(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.5.) 

Classes 

Dimensions 
(mm) 

A 
350 
550 
500 */ 
1900 */ 

B 
300 
450 
300 
1500

A 
C 
B 
H 

I 
450 
550 
500 */ 
1900 */ 

II 
350 
550 
500 */ 
1900 */ 

III 
300 
450 
500 */ 
1900 */ 

        */  See the respective footnote ("*") in annex 3, paragraph 7.7.5.1. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 7 

FORWARD LIMITATION OF THE GANGWAY 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.5.1.1.1.) 

 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 8 

STEPS FOR PASSENGERS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.7.) 

Height above ground level, vehicle unladen 

First step from 
ground ‘D’ 

Other steps ‘E’ 

Classes 

Max. height (mm) 

Min. depth (mm) 
Max. height (mm) 
Min. height (mm) 
Min. depth (mm) 

I & A 
340 (1) 

II, III and B 
380 (1)(2)(5) 

300 */ 

250 (3) 

350 (4) 

120 
200 

230 mm for vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. 

*/ 
(1)  700 mm in the case of an emergency door. 

1500 mm in the case of an emergency door in the upper deck of a double deck vehicle. 

(2)  430 mm in the case of a vehicle with solely mechanical suspension. 
(3)  300 mm in the case of steps at a door behind the rearmost axle. 
(4)  250 mm in gangways for vehicles having a capacity not exceeding 22 passengers. 
(5)  For at least one service door; 400 mm for other service doors. 

Note: 

1.  At a double doorway the steps in each half of the access passage shall be 

treated  separately. 

2.  E need not be the same for each step. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/209 

Figure 9 

DIMENSIONS OF PASSENGER SEATS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.1.) 

F (mm) min 
200 */ 

            * 225 for Class III. 

G (mm) minimum 
Continuous seats 
225 

Individual seats 
250 

Figure 9A 

DIMENSIONS OF PASSENGER SEATS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.1.3.) 

F (mm) min 
200 

Continuous seats 
200 

Individual seats 
200 

G (mm) min 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/210 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 10 

PERMITTED INTRUSION AT SHOULDER HEIGHT 

Transversal section of the minimum available space at shoulder height for a seat 
adjacent to the wall of the vehicle 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.1.4.) 

G = 225 mm if continuous seat 
G = 250 mm if individual seat 
G = 200 mm for vehicles less than 2.35 m wide 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/211 

Figure 11 

SEAT-CUSHION DEPTH AND HEIGHT 

(see annex 3, paragraphs 7.7.8.2. and 7.7.8.3.) 

H = 400/500 mm (*) 
K = 350 mm min. (**) 

(*) 
(**) 

350 mm at wheel arches and engine compartment. 
400 mm in vehicles of Classes II and III. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/212 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 12 

SEAT SPACING 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.4.) 

Classes I, A and B 
Classes II and III 

H 
650 mm 
680 mm 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

EN 

Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/213 

Figure 13 

SPACE FOR SEATED PASSENGERS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.5.) 

 
 
 
 
 
L 373/214 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 14 

PERMITTED INTRUSION INTO SPACE ABOVE SEAT 

Transversal section of the minimum free space above a seating place adjacent to the wall of the 
vehicle 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.3.1.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/215 

Figure 15 

PERMITTED INTRUSION ABOVE A SEATING POSITION 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.3.2.) 

 
 
 
 
 
L 373/216 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 16 

PERMITTED INTRUSION IN LOWER PART OF PASSENGER SPACE 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.3.3.) 

*/ 
150 mm in the case of Class 1 low-floor vehicles. 
(**)  0.03 m2 in the case of Class I low floor vehicles. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/217 

Figure 17 

PERMITTED INTRUSION AT REAR CORNER SEATS 

View of the prescribed area of the seat (two side seats at the rear) 
(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.3.4.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/218 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 18 

PERMITTED INTRUSION OF A WHEEL ARCH NOT EXTENDING BEYOND THE 
VERTICAL CENTRE LINE OF THE SIDE SEAT 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.4.2.1.) 

Figure 19 

PERMITTED INTRUSION OF A WHEEL ARCH EXTENDING BEYOND THE 
VERTICAL CENTRE LINE OF THE SIDE SEAT 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.7.8.6.4.2.2.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/219 

Figure 20 

TESTING DEVICE FOR SITING OF HANDHOLDS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.11.2.1.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/220 

EN 

Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 21 

REFERENCE WHEELCHAIR 

(see annex 8, paragraph 3.6.4.) 

Overall length, l: 1200 mm 
Overall width, b: 700 mm 
Overall height, h: 1090 mm 
Note: 
A wheelchair user seated in the wheelchair adds 50 mm to the overall length and makes a height 
of 1350 mm above the ground. 

Figure 22 

Minimum clear space for the wheelchair user at the wheelchair space 

(see annex 8, paragraph 3.6.1.) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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L 373/221 

Figure 23 

(see annex 8, paragraph 3.4.) 

Figure 23A 

Pictogram for wheelchair users  

Figure 23B 

Pictogram for passengers with reduced mobility others than wheelchair users  

____________

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/222 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

1. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.1.1. 

3.1.2. 

3.2. 

ANNEX 5 

STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.3.) 

SCOPE. 

This annex applies to all single-deck Class II and III vehicles. 

DEFINITIONS: 

For the purposes of this annex: 

"residual  space"  means  the  space  to  be  preserved  in  the  passenger 
compartment during and after the structure has been subjected to one of the 
tests prescribed in this annex; 

"superstructure" means the part(s) of a vehicle structure which contribute to 
the strength of the vehicle in the event of a roll-over accident; 

"body  section"  means  a  section  containing  at  least  two  identical  vertical 
pillars  on  each  side  representative  of  a  part  or  parts  of  the  structure  of  the 
vehicle; 

"total  energy"  means  the  energy  assumed  to  be  absorbed  by  the  complete 
structure of the vehicle.  This may be determined as shown in this annex. 

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS. 

If  the  superstructure  has  obtained  the  approval  according  to  Regulation  No. 
66,  it  is  considered  that  it  complies  with  these  general  specifications  and 
requirements 

The superstructure of the vehicle shall be of sufficient strength to ensure that 
during  and  after  it  has  been  subjected  to  one  of  the  methods  of  test  or 
calculation prescribed in paragraph 4.: 

no displaced part of the vehicle intrudes into the residual space, as specified in 
paragraph 5., and 

no part of the residual space projects outside the deformed structure 

The requirements of paragraph 3.1. above shall apply to the vehicle including 
all its structural parts, members and panels and all projecting rigid parts such 
as baggage racks, ventilation equipment, etc.  However, bulkheads, partitions, 
rings or other members reinforcing the superstructure of the vehicle and fixed 
appliances  such  as  bars,  kitchenettes  or  toilets  shall  be  ignored  for  the 
purposes of paragraph 3.1. 

3.3. 

In  the  case  of  an  articulated  vehicle,  each  part  of  the  vehicle  shall  comply 
with the requirements specified in paragraph 3.1. above. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/223 

4. 

4.1. 

4.1.1. 

4.1.2. 

4.1.3. 

4.1.4. 

4.2. 

5. 

5.1. 

5.2. 

6. 

6.1. 

TEST METHODS. 

Each  type  of  vehicle  shall  be  verified  according  to  one  of  the  following 
methods  at  the  discretion  of  the  manufacturer  or  according  to  an  alternative 
method approved by the competent authority: 

a roll-over test on a complete vehicle in accordance with the procedure set out 
in appendix 1; 

a  roll-over  test  on  a  body  section  or  sections  representative  of  a  complete 
vehicle in accordance with appendix 2; 

a pendulum test on a body section or sections in accordance with appendix 3; 
or 

a verification of strength of superstructure by calculation in accordance with 
appendix 4. 

If  the  methods  prescribed  in  paragraphs  4.1.2.,  4.1.3.  or  4.1.4.  cannot  take 
account  of  a  significant  variation  between  one  section  of  the  vehicle  and 
another,  for  example  an  air-conditioning  installation  on  the  roof,  additional 
test methods or calculations shall be submitted to the technical service.  In the 
absence  of  such  additional  information  the  vehicle  may  be  required  to 
undergo the method of test prescribed in paragraph 4.1.1. 

RESIDUAL SPACE. 

For the purpose of paragraph 2.1., the residual space means the volume within 
the passenger compartment which is swept when the transverse vertical plane 
defined in figure 1(a) is moved in a straight line or lines so that the point “R” 
in figure 1(a) passes from the “R” point of the rearmost outer seat, through the 
“R”  point  of  every  intermediate  outer  seat  to  the  “R”  point  of  the  foremost 
outer passenger seats. 

The  position  of  the  “R”  point  shown  in  figure  1(b)  shall  be  assumed  to  be 
500 mm above the floor under the passengers’ feet, 300 mm from the inside 
surface of the side of the vehicle and 100 mm in front of the seat back in the 
centre line of the outboard seats. 

INTERPRETATION OF TEST RESULTS 

If  body  sections  are  tested,  the  technical  service  responsible  for  conducting 
the test shall ensure that the vehicle complies with the conditions specified in 
Sub  appendix  2  of  appendix  3,  which  contains  requirements  for  the 
distribution  of  the  main  energy  absorbing  parts  of  the  superstructure  of  a 
vehicle. 

 
 
L 373/224 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Figure 1 

Residual space 
(All dimensions in millimetres) 

1(a) 

Laterally 

Note: see requirement of paragraph 5.1. 

1(b)  Longitudinally 
Section A-A of the vehicle in the vertical plane of the centre-line of the inboard seats. 

Note: See requirement of paragraph 5.2. 

__________ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/225 

Annex 5 -Appendix 1 

ROLL-OVER TEST ON A COMPLETE VEHICLE 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.2.1. 

2.2.2. 

2.2.3. 

2.2.4. 

Test condition. 

While  the  vehicle  need  not  be  in  a  fully  finished  condition  it  shall  be 
representative of production vehicles in respect of the mass of the vehicle in 
running  order,  centre  of  gravity  and  distribution  of  mass  as  declared  by  the 
manufacturer. 

Driver and passenger seats shall be placed with their backs, if adjustable, in 
their most upright position.  The height of the seats, if adjustable, shall be the 
highest position. 

Every door and opening window of the vehicle shall be closed and latched but 
not  locked.    Windows  and  glazed  bulkheads  or  screens  may  be  glazed  or 
unglazed  at  the  applicant’s  discretion.    If  they  are  unglazed,  an  equivalent 
weight shall be imposed on the vehicle at the appropriate positions. 

Tyres shall be inflated to the pressure prescribed by the vehicle manufacturer 
and, if the vehicle has an air-spring suspension system, the air supply to the 
air spring shall be ensured.  Any automatic levelling system shall be adjusted 
with  the  vehicle  on  a  flat,  horizontal  surface  to  the  level  specified  by  the 
manufacturer.  Shock absorbers shall operate normally. 

Fuel,  battery  acid  and  other  combustible,  explosive  or  corrosive  materials 
may be substituted by other materials provided that the conditions prescribed 
in paragraph 1.1. above are met. 

The impact area shall consist of concrete or other rigid material. 

Test procedure (see figure 1) 

The  vehicle  shall  be  placed  on  a  platform  in  order to  be  rolled  over  on  one 
side.  This side shall be specified by the manufacturer. 

the  position  of  the  vehicle  on  the  platform  shall  be  such  that  when  the 
platform is horizontal: 

the axis of rotation is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle; 

the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 200 mm from the vertical step between the two 
levels. 

the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 100 mm from the side of the tyre at its widest 
axle, 

the axis of rotation is 0 mm to 100 mm below the horizontal starting plane on 
which the tyres stand, and 

 
 
 
L 373/226 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

2.2.5. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

2.6. 

2.7. 

the  difference  between  the  height  of  the  horizontal  starting  plane  and  the 
horizontal lower plane on which the impact takes place shall not be less than 
800 mm. 

Means shall be provided to prevent the vehicle moving along its longitudinal 
axis. 

The  test  apparatus  shall  prevent  the  tyres  from  sliding  sideways  in  the 
direction of roll-over by means of side walls. 

The  test  apparatus  shall  ensure  the  simultaneous  lifting  of  the  axles  of  the 
vehicle. 

The vehicle shall be tilted without rocking and without dynamic effects until 
it  rolls  over.    The  angular  velocity  shall  not  exceed  5  degrees  per  second 
(0,087 rad/sec). 

High-speed photography, deformable templates or other suitable means shall 
be used to determine that the requirement of paragraph 3.1. of this annex has 
been met.  This shall be verified at not less than two positions, nominally at 
the front and rear of the passenger compartment, the exact positions being at 
the  discretion  of  the  technical  service.    Templates  shall  be  fixed  to 
substantially non-deformable parts of the structure. 

Figure 1 

__________ 

 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/227 

ANNEX 5 

Appendix 2 

ROLL-OVER TEST ON A BODYWORK SECTION 

Test Conditions 

The bodywork section shall represent a section of the unladen vehicle. 

The geometry of the bodywork section, the axis of rotation and the position of 
the  centre  of  gravity  in  the  vertical  and  lateral  directions  shall  be 
representative of the complete vehicle. 

The mass of the bodywork section, expressed as a percentage of the mass in 
running order of the vehicle, shall be specified by the manufacturer. 

The  energy  to  be  absorbed  by  the  bodywork  section,  expressed  as  a 
percentage  of  the  total  energy  which  would  be  absorbed  by  a  complete 
vehicle, shall be specified by the manufacturer. 

The  percentage  of  total  energy  described  in  paragraph  1.4.  shall  not  be  less 
that  the  percentage  of  total  kerb  mass  of  the  vehicle  in  running  order 
described in paragraph 1.3. 

The  test  conditions  specified  in  paragraph  1.6.  of  appendix  1  and  in 
paragraphs 2.1. to 2.6. of appendix 3 shall apply. 

Test procedure 

The test procedure shall be the same as the procedure described in appendix 
1, except that the bodywork section described above shall be used instead of a 
complete vehicle. 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2 

1.3. 

1.4. 

1.5. 

1.6. 

2. 

2.1. 

 
L 373/228 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

ANNEX 5 

Appendix 3 

PENDULUM TEST ON A BODYWORK SECTION 

Energy level and direction of impact 

The  energy  to  be  transmitted  to  a  particular  bodywork  section  shall  be  the 
sum of the energies declared by the manufacturer to be allocated to each of 
the cross-sectional rings included in that particular bodywork section. 

The appropriate proportion of the energy prescribed in Sub appendix 1 to this 
appendix shall be applied to the bodywork section by the pendulum such that 
at the moment of impact the direction of motion of the pendulum makes an 
angle of 25 degrees (+ 0°, - 5°) to the central longitudinal vertical plane of the 
bodywork section.  The precise angle within this range shall be specified by 
the vehicle manufacturer. 

Test conditions 

A  sufficient  number  of  tests  shall  be  carried  out  for  the  technical  service 
conducting the test to be satisfied that the requirement specified in paragraph 
3.1. of this annex has been met. 

For  the  purposes  of  the  test,  bodywork  sections  shall  have  sections  of  the 
normal structure fitted between the pillars in relation to the floor, underframe, 
sides  and  roof.    Sections  of  such  components  as  baggage  racks,  ventilation 
ducting etc., where fitted, shall also be included. 

Every door and opening window of the bodywork section shall be closed and 
latched  but  not  locked.    Windows  and  glazed  bulkheads  or  screens  may  be 
glazed or unglazed at the applicant’s discretion. 

Where  appropriate,  seats  may  also  be  included,  at  the  option  of  the 
manufacturer,  in  their  normal  positions  in  relation  to  the  structure  of  the 
bodywork section.  The normal fixings and joints between all members and 
attachments shall be incorporated. The backrests if adjustable shall be in their 
most upright position and the height of the seats, if adjustable, shall be in the 
highest position. 

The side of the bodywork section to be impacted shall be at the discretion of 
the manufacturer.  Where more than one bodywork section is required to be 
tested, both shall be impacted on the same side. 

High speed photography, deformable templates or other suitable means shall 
be used to determine that the requirement specified in paragraph 3.1. of this 
annex  has  been  met.    Templates  shall  be  fixed  to  a  substantially  non-
deformable part of the structure. 

The bodywork section to be tested shall be firmly and securely attached to the 
mounting frame through the cross-bearers or parts which replace these in such 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.5. 

2.6. 

2.7. 

 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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L 373/229 

2.8. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

a  way  that  no  significant  energy  is  absorbed  in  the  support  frame  and  its 
attachments during the impact. 

The  pendulum  shall  be  released  from  such  a  height  that  it  strikes  the 
bodywork section at a speed of between 3 and 8 m/s. 

Description of the pendulum 

The striking face of the pendulum shall be made of steel, or plywood 20 mm 
± 5 mm thick, and the mass of the pendulum shall be evenly distributed.  Its 
striking face shall be rectangular and flat, having a width of not less than the 
width  of  the  bodywork  section  being  tested  and  a  height  of  not  less  than 
800 mm.  Its edges shall be rounded to a radius of curvature of not less than 
15 mm. 

The  body  of  the  pendulum  shall  be  rigidly  attached  to  two  rigid  bars.    The 
axis of the bars shall be not less than 3 500 mm from the geometric centre of 
the body of the pendulum. 

 
 
L 373/230 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

Sub-appendix 1 

CALCULATION OF TOTAL ENERGY (E*) 

Assumptions: 

1. 
2. 
3. 

The shape of the cross-section of the body is assumed to be rectangular. 
The suspension system is assumed to be rigidly fixed. 
The movement of the bodywork section is assumed to be pure rotation about 
point "A". 

Calculation of total energy (E*) 

If the fall of the centre of gravity (h) is determined by graphical methods, E* 
may be taken to be given by the formula: 
E* = 0.75 M.g.h (Nm) 
Alternatively, E* may be calculated by the formula: 

*E

=

⎡
⎢
.g.M75.0
⎢
⎢
⎣

w
2

⎛
⎜
⎝

2

⎞
⎟
⎠

+

H

2
s

−

W
H2

2

H

−

2

8.0

+

8.0

H
s
H

⎤
⎥
⎥
⎥
⎦

)Nm(

(Nm) where: 
M = the mass in running order of the vehicle (kg) 
g = 9.8 m/s2 
W = the overall width of the vehicle (m) 
Hs = the height of the centre of gravity of the unladen vehicle (m) 
H = the height of the vehicle (m) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

L 373/231 

Sub-appendix 2 

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAIN ENERGY ABSORBING 
PARTS OF THE SUPERSTRUCTURE 

1. 

2. 

3. 

(1) 

(2) (a) 

(b) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

A sufficient number of tests shall be carried out for the technical service to be 
satisfied that the complete vehicle meets the requirements of paragraph 3.1. of 
this annex.  This shall not necessarily require more than one test. 

Calculations based on data obtained from a test on a bodywork section may 
be used to demonstrate the acceptability of another bodywork section which 
is  not  identical  with  the  bodywork  section  already  tested  if  it  has  many 
structural features in common with it. 

The  manufacturer  shall  declare  which  pillars  of  the  superstructure  are 
considered as contributing to its strength and shall also declare the amount of 
energy  (Ei)  that  each  pillar  is  intended  to  absorb.    These  declarations  shall 
meet the following criteria: 

=
mi

>∑
E

i

=

l

i

=
ni

=

l

i

≥∑
E

iF

=
i p

∑ ≥
E

iR

=
1

i

*E

where m is the total number of declared pillars. 

*4.0 E

E
0.4 *

where n is the number of declared pillars forward of the 
centre of gravity of the vehicle; 

where p is the number of declared pillars to the rear of 
the centre of gravity of the vehicle. 

L

F

≥ 0.4  

l
f

L

R

≥ 0.4  

l

r

d
d

max

min

.≤ 2 5  

this  shall  apply  only  where  dmax  is  greater  than  0.8  x 

maximum  deflection  permitted  without  intrusion  of  the 
residual space. 

where: 

Ei 

EiF 

EiR 

is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by ith pillar of 
the superstructure, 

is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by the ith pillar 
forward of the centre gravity of the vehicle, 

is the declared amount of energy that can be absorbed by the ith pillar 
to the rear of the centre of gravity of the vehicle, 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/232 

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27.12.2006 

E* 

is  the  total  energy  to  be  absorbed  by  the  complete  structure  of  the 
vehicle, 

dmax 

dmin 

is  the  greatest  amount  of  deflection  measured  in  the  direction  of 
impact of any section of the bodywork structure after it has absorbed 
its own declared impact energy. 

is the least amount of deflection, measured in the direction of impact 
and  at  the  same  point  on  the  bay  as  dmax,  of  any  section  of  the 
bodywork  structure  after  it  has  absorbed  its  own  declared  impact 
energy. 

L

F

LR

=
ni

(

∑
==
1
i
=
ni

∑

=
1

i

=
pi

(

∑
==
i
1
=
pi

∑

=
1

i

lE
iF

)

if

  =  weighted mean distance of the declared pillars in front of 

E

iF

the centre of gravity of the vehicle. 

lE
iR

)

ir

  = weighted mean distance of the declared pillars to the rear 

E

iR

of the centre of gravity of the vehicle. 

where: 
lif    is  the  distance  from  the  centre  of  gravity  of  the  vehicle  of  the  ith  pillar 
forward of the centre of gravity. 

lir    is  the  distance  from  the  centre  of  gravity  of  the  vehicle  of  the  ith  pillar 
rearward of the centre of gravity. 

lf  is the distance of the front of the vehicle from the centre of gravity of the 
vehicle. 

lf  is the distance of the rear of the vehicle from the centre of gravity of the 
vehicle. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27.12.2006 

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L 373/233 

Annex 5 - Appendix 4 

VERIFICATION OF STRENGTH OF SUPERSTRUCTURE BY CALCULATION 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

A  superstructure  or  sections  of  a  superstructure  may  be  shown  to  meet  the 
requirement specified in paragraph 3.1. of this annex by a calculation method 
approved by the technical service responsible for conducting the tests. 

If the structure is likely to be subject to deformations beyond the elastic limit 
of the materials used, then the calculations shall simulate the behaviour of the 
structure when undergoing large plastic deformations. 

The technical service responsible for conducting the tests may require tests to 
be  carried  out  on  joints  or  parts  of  the  structure  to  verify  the  assumptions 
made in the calculation. 

Preparations for calculation 

Calculations  cannot  be  started  until  the  structure  has  been  analysed  and  a 
mathematical model of it produced.  This will define the separate members to 
be  considered  and  identify  the  points  at  which  plastic  hinges  may  develop.  
The dimensions of the members and the properties of material used must be 
stated.  Physical tests must be made on the hinge points to determine the force 
(moment of rotation) - deformation characteristics in the plastic mode as this 
is  essential  data  for  the  calculations.    The  strain  rate  and  the  dynamic  yield 
stress  appropriate  for  this  strain  rate  must  be  determined.    If  the  calculation 
method  will  not  indicate  when  a  significant  fracture  will  occur,  it  will  be 
essential  to  determine,  by  experiment,  separate  analyses  or  appropriate 
dynamic  distribution.    Distribution  of  loading  along  the  length  of  a  vehicle 
shall be stated. 

The calculation method shall include the deformations up to the elastic limits 
of  the  materials  followed  by  the  identification  of  where  plastic  hinges  will 
form and the subsequent formation of other plastic hinges unless the position 
and  sequences  of  formation  of  plastic  hinges  is  known  from  previous 
experience.  The method shall accommodate the changes in geometry of the 
structure that take place, at least up to the stage where the deformations have 
passed the acceptable limits.  The calculations shall simulate the energy and 
direction of impact which would occur if that particular superstructure were to 
be submitted to the roll-over tests prescribed in appendix 1.  The validity of 
the  calculation  method  shall  have  been  established  by  comparison  with  the 
results  of  physical  tests,  which  need  not  necessarily  have  been  made  in 
connection with the vehicle now being approved. 

5. 

Test of section of superstructure 

When  a  calculation  method  is  used  for  a  section  of  the  complete 
superstructure,  the  same  conditions  shall  apply  as  stated  above  for  the 
complete vehicle. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
L 373/234 

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Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

ANNEX 6 

GUIDELINES FOR MEASURING THE CLOSING FORCES OF POWER-OPERATED 
DOORS 

(see annex 3, paragraph 7.6.5.6.1.1.) 

1. 

General 

The closing of a power-operated door is a dynamic process.  When a moving 
door  hits  an  obstacle,  the  result  is  a  dynamic  reaction  force,  the  history  of 
which  (in  time)  depends  on  several  factors  (e.g.  mass  of  the  door, 
acceleration, dimensions). 

Definitions 

Closing  force  F(t)  is  a  time  function,  measured  at  the  closing  edges  of  the 
door (see paragraph 3.2. below). 

Peak force FS is the maximum value of the closing force. 

Effective force FE is the average value of the closing force related to the pulse 
duration: 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

=

F
E

1
T

t
2

∫

t
1

F(t)dt

2.4. 

Pulse duration T is the time between the t1 and t2: 

T = t2 - t1 

Where, 

t1 =  threshold of sensitivity, where the closing force exceeds 50 N. 
t2 =  fade-away threshold, where the closing force becomes less than 50 N. 

2.5. 

The relation between the above parameters is shown in figure 1 below (as an 
example): 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure 1 

2.6. 

Clamping  force  Fc  is  the  arithmetical  mean  value  of  the  effective  forces, 
measured at the same measuring point subsequently more times: 

3. 

3.1. 

3.1.1. 

3.1.2. 

3.2. 

3.2.1. 

3.2.2. 

=
i n

∑
= =
i 1

F

(F )i
E

n

Measurements 

Conditions of measurement: 

Temperature range: 10o - 30oC 

The vehicle shall stay on a horizontal surface. 

Measurements points shall be: 

at the main closing edges of the door: 

one in the middle of the door; 
one 150 mm above the lower edge of the door. 

in  the  case  of  doors  equipped  with  clamping  prevention  devices  for  the 
opening process: 

at the secondary closing edges of the door at that point which is considered to 
be the most dangerous place of clamping. 

3.3. 

At least three measurements shall be taken at each of the measuring points to 
determine the clamping force according to paragraph 2.6. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.4. 

3.5. 

4. 

4.1. 

4.2. 

4.2.1. 

4.2.2. 

The signal of the closing force shall be recorded by means of a low-pass filter 
with a limiting frequency of 100 Hz.  Both the threshold of sensitivity and the 
fade-away threshold to limit the pulse duration shall be set at 50 N. 

The  deviation  of  the  reading  from  the  rated  value  shall  not  be  more  than  + 
3 percent. 

Measuring device 

The  measuring  device  shall  consist  of  two  parts:  one  handle  and  one 
measuring part which is a load cell (see figure 2). 

The load cell shall have the following characteristics: 

It shall consist of two sliding housings with the outer dimension of 100 mm in 
diameter  and  115 mm  in  width.    Inside  the  load  cell  a  compression  spring 
shall be fitted between the two housings such that the load cell can be pressed 
together if an appropriate force is applied. 

The stiffness of the load cell shall be 10 + 0.2 N/mm.  The maximum spring 
deflection shall be limited to 30 mm so that a maximum peak force of 300 N 
is achieved. 

Figure 2 

___________

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 7 

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES HAVING A CAPACITY NOT 
EXCEEDING 22 PASSENGERS 

1.1. 

Minimum dimensions for exits 

The several kinds of exits shall have the following dimensions: 
Dimensions 
Aperture 
Service Door  Entry height: 

Class 
A  1650 mm 
B  1500 mm 
Aperture 
Height 

Width: 
Single door:  
650 mm 
Double door:  
1200 mm 

Emergency 
door 

Height:        
1250 mm 
Width:         
550 mm 

Emergency 
Window 

Aperture area: 
4000 cm2 

Remarks 
The service door entry height shall be measured as the 
vertical distance measured on a vertical plane of the 
horizontal projections of the mid point of the door aperture 
and the top surface of the lowest step. 
The vertical height of the service door aperture shall be such 
as to permit the free passage of the dual panel referred to in 
paragraph 7.7.1.1. of annex 3.  The upper corners may be 
reduced with round-offs, with a radius of not more than 
150 mm. 
For Class B vehicles where the service door aperture height 
lies between 1400 mm and 1500 mm a minimum single door 
aperture width of 750 mm shall apply.  For all the vehicles 
the width of any service door may be reduced by 100 mm 
when the measurement is made at the level of the handholds 
and by 250 mm in cases where intruding wheel arches or the 
actuating mechanism for automatic or remote-control doors 
or the rake of the windscreen so require. 
The width may be reduced to 300 mm in cases where 
intruding wheel arches so require, providing that the width of 
550 mm is respected at the minimum height of 400 mm 
above the lowest part of the door aperture.  The upper corners 
may be reduced with round-offs, with a radius of not more 
than 150 mm. 
A 5 percent tolerance shall, however, be permitted in respect 
of this area for type-approvals issued for one year following 
the entry into force of this Regulation.  It shall be possible to 
inscribe in this area a rectangle of 500 mm x 700 mm. 

1.1.1. 

A  vehicle  to  which  paragraph  7.7.1.9.  of  annex  3  applies  shall  meet  the 
requirements of paragraph 7.6.3.1. of annex 3 or paragraph 1.1. of this annex 
as  regards  emergency  windows  and  escape  hatches,  and  the  following 
minimum requirements as regards service doors and emergency doors: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Aperture 
Service Door 

Dimensions 
Aperture Height: 
1100 mm 
Width: 
Single door:    
650 mm 
Double door:  
1200 mm 

Emergency 
door 

Height:   1100 mm 
Width:     550 mm 

 Remarks 
This  dimension  may  be  reduced  by  a  radius  at  the 
corners of the aperture not exceeding 150 mm. 
This  dimension  may  be  reduced  by  a  radius  at  the 
corners  of  the  aperture  not  exceeding  150 mm.    The 
width  may  be  reduced  by  100 mm  when 
the 
measurement is made at the level of the handholds and 
by  250 mm  in  cases  where  intruding  wheel  arches  or 
the  actuating  mechanism  for  automatic  or  remote-
control doors or the rake of the windscreen so require. 
The width may be reduced to 300 mm in cases where 
intruding  wheel  arches  so  require,  providing  that  the 
width  of  550 mm  is  respected  at  the  minimum  height 
of 400 mm above the lowest part of the door aperture.  
The  upper  corners  may  be  reduced  with  round-offs 
with a radius of not more than 150 mm. 

1.2. 

1.2.1. 

1.2.2. 

1.2.3. 

1.2.4. 

Siting of exits 

The service door(s) shall be situated on the side of the vehicle that is nearer to 
the side of the road corresponding to the direction of the traffic in the country 
in which the vehicle is to be registered, or in the rear face of the vehicle. 

The exits shall be placed in such a way that there is at least one exit on each 
side of the vehicle. 

The  forward  half  and  the  rearward  half  of  the  passenger  space  shall  each 
contain at least one exit. 

At least one exit shall be situated either in the rear face or in the front face of 
the vehicle unless an escape hatch is fitted. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 8 

REQUIREMENTS FOR TECHNICAL DEVICES FACILITATING 
ACCESS FOR PASSENGERS OF REDUCED MOBILITY 

1. 

2. 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

3.2.1. 

3.2.2. 

3.2.3. 

GENERAL 

This annex contains the provisions which apply to a vehicle designed for easy 
access for passengers with reduced mobility and wheelchair users. 

SCOPE 

These  requirements  shall  apply  to  vehicles  permitting  easier  access  for 
persons with reduced mobility. 

REQUIREMENTS. 

Steps 

The height of the first step from the ground of at least one service door shall 
not exceed 250 mm for vehicles of Class I and A and 320 mm for vehicles of 
class II, III and B. 

As an alternative for vehicles of Class I and A, the first step from the ground 
shall not exceed 270 mm in two door openings, one entrance and one exit. 

A kneeling system and/or retractable step may be engaged. 

The  height  of  the  steps  other  than  the  first  step  from  the  ground  at  the 
abovementioned door(s), in an access passage and in a gangway, shall be not 
more than 200 mm for vehicles of Class I and A and 250 mm for vehicles of 
Class II, III and B. 

The  transition  from  a  sunken  gangway  to  a  seating  area  shall  not  be 
considered to be a step. 

Priority seats and space for passengers with reduced mobility 

A  minimum  number  of  forward  or  rearward  facing  seats  designated  as 
priority seats for disabled passengers shall be situated in a position near to a 
service door(s) suitable for boarding and alighting.  The minimum number 
of priority seats shall be four in Class I, two in Class II and Class III and one 
in Class A and B.  A seat that folds out of the way when not in use shall not 
be  designated  as  a  priority  seat.    Paragraph  7.7.8.5.2.  of  annex 3  shall  not 
apply to vehicles that comply with this requirement. 

There  shall  be  adequate  space  under,  or  adjacent  to,  at  least  one  of  the 
priority seats for a guide dog. 

Armrests  shall  be  fitted  on  seats  between  the  seating  position  and  the 
gangway  and  shall  be  capable  of  being  moved  easily  out  of  the  way  to 
permit clear access to the seat. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.2.4. 

3.2.5. 

3.2.6. 

3.2.7. 

3.3. 

3.3.1. 

3.3.2. 

3.3.3. 

3.3.4. 

3.4. 

3.4.1. 

Handrails  or  handholds  shall  be  fitted  adjacent  to  priority  seats  in  such  a 
way as to allow the passenger to grasp them easily. 

The  minimum  width  of  a  priority  seat  cushion,  measured  from  a  vertical 
plane  passing  through  the  centre  of  that  seating  position,  shall  be  220 mm 
on  each  side  or,  in  the  case  of  a  continuous  seat,  220 mm  per  seating 
position on each side. 

The  height  of  the  uncompressed  seat  cushion  relative  to  the  floor  shall  be 
such  that  the  distance  from  the  floor  to  a  horizontal  plane  tangent  to  the 
front upper surface of the seat cushion is between 400 mm and 500 mm. 

The foot space at priority seating positions shall extend forward of the seat 
from a vertical plane through the forward edge of the seat cushion.  The foot 
space shall not have a slope in any direction of more than 8 percent. 

Each  priority  seating  position  shall  have  a  free  height  of  not  less  than 
1300 mm for vehicles of Class I and A and 900 mm for vehicles of Class II, 
measured  from  the  highest  point  of  the  uncompressed  seat  cushion.    This 
free height shall extend over the vertical projection of the whole of the seat 
and the associated foot space.  Intrusion of a seat back or other object into 
this space shall be permitted provided that a minimum clear vertical space 
extending  230 mm  in  front  of  the  seat  cushion  is  maintained.  Where  the 
priority seat is positioned facing a bulkhead more than 1200 mm in height 
this space shall be 300 mm. 

Communication devices 

Communication  devices  shall  be  placed  adjacent  to  any  priority  seat  and 
within  any  wheelchair  area  and  shall  be  at  a  height  between  700 mm  and 
1200 mm above the floor. 

Communication  devices  situated  in  the  low  floor  area  shall  be  at  a  height 
between 800 mm and 1500 mm where there are no seats. 

The  control  for  all  internal  communication  devices  shall  be  capable  of 
operation with the palm of the hand and shall be in a contrasting colour or 
colours and tone. 

If a vehicle is fitted with a ramp or lift, a means of communication with the 
driver  shall  be  fitted  outside,  adjacent  to  the  door,  and  not  higher  than 
1300 mm from the ground. 

Pictograms 

Vehicles fitted with a wheelchair space and/or priority seats shall have pictograms 
in accordance with annex 4, figure 23A visible from the outside, both on the front 
nearside  of  the  vehicle  and  adjacent  to  the  relevant  service  door(s).    Appropriate 
pictograms will also be placed internally adjacent to the wheelchair space or to the 
priority seat. 

3.5. 

Floor slope 

 
 
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3.6. 

3.6.1. 

3.6.2. 

3.6.3. 

3.6.4. 

3.7. 

3.7.1. 

3.7.2. 

3.7.3. 

The slope of any gangway, access passage or floor area between any priority 
seat  or  wheelchair  space  and  at  least  one  entrance  and  one  exit  or  a 
combined entrance and exit shall not exceed 8 per cent.  Such sloping areas 
shall be provided with a non-slip surface. 

Wheelchair accommodation provisions 

For each wheelchair user provided for in the passenger compartment there 
shall  be  a  special  area  at  least  750 mm  wide  and  1300 mm  long.    The 
longitudinal  plane  of  the  special  area  shall  be  parallel  to  the  longitudinal 
plane  of  the  vehicle  and  the  floor  surface  of  the  special  area  shall  be  slip 
resistant. 

In the case of a wheelchair space designed for a forward facing wheelchair, 
the  top  of  preceding  seat-backs  may  intrude  into  the  wheelchair  space  if  a 
clear space is provided as shown in annex 4, figure 23. 

There  shall  be  at  least  one  doorway  through  which  wheelchair  users  can 
pass.  In the case of vehicles of Class I, at least one wheelchair access door 
shall be a service door.  The wheelchair access door shall bear a boarding 
aid complying with the provisions of paragraph 3.11.2. (a kneeling system) 
of this annex; this shall be in combination with the provisions of paragraph 
3.11.3. (a lift) or 3.11.4. (a ramp) of this annex. 

A  door  for  wheelchair  access,  that  is  not  a  service  door,  shall  have  a 
minimum height of 1400 mm.  The minimum width of all doors providing 
wheelchair access to the vehicle shall be 900 mm which may be reduced by 
100 mm when the measurement is made at the level of handholds. 

It shall be possible to move from the outside of the vehicle through at least 
one  of  the  doors  for  wheelchair  access  into  the  special  area(s)  with  a 
reference wheelchair of the dimensions shown in annex 4, figure 21. 

Seats in the wheelchair space 

Folding  seats  may  be  fitted  in  a  wheelchair  space.    However,  such  seats 
when folded and out of use shall not intrude into the wheelchair space. 

A vehicle may be equipped with demountable seats fitted in the wheelchair 
space  provided  that  such  seats  may  be  easily  removed  by  the  driver  or  a 
crew member. 

Where  the  foot  space  of  any  seat,  or  part  of  a  folding  seat  when  in  use, 
intrudes  into  a  wheelchair  space,  those  seats  shall  have  a  sign  fixed  on  or 
adjacent to them with the following text: 

"Please give up this space for a wheelchair user". 

3.8. 

Stability of wheelchairs 

 
 
 
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3.8.1. 

3.8.1.1. 

Wheelchair  restraint  system.    As  an  alternative  to  the  requirements 
contained in paragraphs 3.8.1.1. to 3.8.1.2.3. restraint systems may comply 
with the requirements contained in paragraphs 3.8.2. to 3.8.2.11. 

In a vehicle where passenger seats are not required to be fitted with any kind 
of  occupant  restraint  system,  the  wheelchair  space  shall  be  fitted  with  a 
restraint system in order to warrant the stability of the wheelchair; 

A  static  test  shall  be  carried  out  in  accordance  with  the  following 
requirements: 

a) 

b) 

c) 

d) 

a  force  of  250 daN  ±  20 daN  per  wheelchair  shall  be  applied  on  the 
restraint system itself; 

the  force  shall  be  applied  in  the  horizontal  plane  of  the  vehicle  and 
towards the front of the vehicle if the restraint system is not attached 
to  the  floor  of  the  vehicle.    If  the  restraint  system  is  attached  to  the 
floor,  the  force  shall  be  applied  in  an  angle  of  45°  ±  10°  to  the 
horizontal plane and towards the front of the vehicle; 

the force shall be maintained for a period of not less than 1.5 seconds; 

the  restraint  system  shall  be  capable  of  withstanding  the  test.  
Permanent  deformation,  including  partial  rupture  or  breakage  of  the 
restraint  system,  shall  not  constitute  failure  if  the  required  force  is 
sustained for the specified time.  Where applicable, the locking device 
enabling the wheelchair to leave the vehicle shall be operable by hand 
after removal of the traction force. 

3.8.1.2. 

When  passenger  seats  are  required  with  occupant  restraint  systems,  each 
wheelchair  space  shall  be  provided  with  a  restraint  system  capable  of 
restraining the wheelchair and its occupant. 

This  restraint  system  and  its  anchorages  shall  be  designed  to  withstand 
forces equivalent to the ones required for the passenger seats and occupant 
restraint systems. 

A  static  test  shall  be  carried  out  in  accordance  with  the  following 
requirements: 

a) 

the  forces  referred  hereto  shall  be  applied  in  forward  and  rearward 
directions, separately and on the restraint system itself; 

b) 

the force shall be maintained for a period of not less than 0.2 seconds; 

c) 

the  restraint  system  shall  be  capable  of  withstanding  the  test.  
Permanent  deformation,  including  partial  rupture  or  breakage  of  the 
restraint  system  shall  not  constitute  failure  if  the  required  force  is 
sustained for the specified time.  Where applicable, the locking device 
enabling the wheelchair to leave the vehicle shall be operable by hand 
after removal of the traction force. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.8.1.2.1. 

In forward direction in the case of a separate wheelchair and wheelchair user 
restraint system 

3.8.1.2.1.1. 

For category M2: 

a) 

b) 

c) 

1110 daN  ±  20 daN  in  the  case  of  a  lap  belt.    The  force  shall  be 
applied on the wheelchair user restraint system in the horizontal plane 
of  the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the  vehicle  if  the  restraint 
system  is  not  attached  to  the  floor  of  the  vehicle.    If  the  restraint 
system is attached to the floor, the force shall be applied in an angle of 
45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards the front 
of the vehicle; 

675 daN ± 20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards 
the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  lap portion  of  the  belt  and  675 daN  ± 
20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards the front of 
the vehicle on the torso portion of the belt in the case of 3-point belt; 

1715 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  wheelchair 
restraint system; 

d) 

the forces shall be applied simultaneously. 

3.8.1.2.1.2. 

For category M3: 

a) 

b) 

c) 

740 daN ± 20 daN in the case of a lap belt.  The force shall be applied 
on the wheelchair user restraint system in the horizontal plane of the 
vehicle and towards the front of the vehicle if the restraint system is 
not  attached  to  the  floor  of  the  vehicle.    If  the  restraint  system  is 
attached to the floor, the force shall be applied in an angle 45° ± 10° to 
the  horizontal  plane  of  the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the 
vehicle; 

450 daN ± 20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards 
the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  lap portion  of  the  belt  and  450 daN  ± 
20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards the front of 
the vehicle on the torso portion of the belt in the case of 3-point belt; 

1130 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  wheelchair 
restraint system; 

d) 

the forces shall be applied simultaneously. 

3.8.1.2.2. 

In  forward  direction  in  the  case  of  a  combined  wheelchair  and  wheelchair 
user restraint system. 

3.8.1.2.2.1. 

  For category M2; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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a) 

b) 

c) 

Official Journal of the European Union 

27.12.2006 

1110 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the vehicle and towards the front of the vehicle on the wheelchair user 
restraint system in the case of a lap belt; 

675 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the vehicle and towards the front of the vehicle on the lap portion of 
the belt and 675 daN ± 20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle 
and towards the front of the vehicle on the torso portion of the belt in 
the case of 3-point belt; 

1715 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  wheelchair 
restraint system; 

d) 

the forces shall be applied simultaneously. 

3.8.1.2.2.2. 

For category M3: 

a) 

b) 

c) 

740 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the vehicle and towards the front of the vehicle on the wheelchair user 
restraint system in the case of a lap belt; 

450 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the vehicle and towards the front of the vehicle on the lap portion of 
the belt and 450 daN ± 20 daN in the horizontal plane of the vehicle 
and towards the front of the vehicle on the torso portion of the belt in 
the case of 3-point belt; 

1130 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the  vehicle  and  towards  the  front  of  the  vehicle  on  the  wheelchair 
restraint system; 

d) 

the forces shall be applied simultaneously. 

3.8.1.2.3. 

In rearward direction: 

3.8.2. 

3.8.2.1. 

3.8.2.2. 

a) 

810 daN ± 20 daN in an angle of 45° ± 10° to the horizontal plane of 
the  vehicle  and  towards  the  rear  of  the  vehicle  on  the  wheelchair 
restraint system. 

Alternative wheelchair restraint system: 

A  wheelchair  space  shall  be  fitted  with  a  wheelchair  restraint  system 
suitable for general wheelchair application and shall allow the carriage of a 
wheelchair and a wheelchair user facing the front of the vehicle; 

  A  wheelchair  space  shall  be  fitted  with  a  wheelchair  user  restraint  system 
which  shall  comprise  of  a  minimum  of  two  anchorage  points  and  a  pelvic 
restraint  (lap  belt)  designed  and  constructed  of  components  intended  to 
perform in a similar manner to those of a seat belt conforming to Regulation 
No. 16; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.8.2.3. 

  Any restraint system fitted to a wheelchair space shall be capable of being 

easily released in the case of an emergency; 

3.8.2.4. 

  Any wheelchair restraint system shall either: 

3.8.2.4.1. 

 meet the dynamic test requirements described in paragraph 3.8.2.8. and be 
securely attached to vehicle anchorages meeting the static test requirements 
in paragraph 3.8.2.6.; or 

3.8.2.4.2. 

  be  securely  attached  to  vehicle  anchorages  such  that  the  combination  of 

restraint and anchorages meets the requirements of paragraph 3.8.2.8. 

3.8.2.5. 

  Any wheelchair user restraint shall either: 

3.8.2.5.1. 

3.8.2.5.2. 

3.8.2.6. 

3.8.2.6.1. 

3.8.2.6.2. 

3.8.2.6.3. 

3.8.2.6.4. 

3.8.2.6.5. 

  meet the dynamic test requirements described in paragraph 3.8.2.9. and be 
securely attached to vehicle anchorages meeting the static test requirements 
in paragraph 3.8.2.6.; or 

  be  securely  attached  to  vehicle  anchorages  such  that  the  combination  of 
restraint  and  anchorages  meets  the  dynamic  test  requirements  described  in 
paragraph  3.8.2.9.  when  attached  to  anchorages  set  up  as  described  in 
paragraph 3.8.2.6.7. 

A  static  test  shall  be  carried  out  on  the  anchorage  points  for  both  the 
wheelchair restraint system and the wheelchair user restraint in accordance 
with the following requirements: 

the  forces  specified  in  paragraph  3.8.2.7.  shall  be  applied  by  means  of  a 
device reproducing the geometry of the wheelchair restraint system; 

the  forces  specified  in  paragraph  3.8.2.7.3.  shall  be  applied  by  means  of  a 
device  reproducing  the  geometry  of  the  wheelchair  user  restraint  and  by 
means  of  a  traction  device  specified  in  paragraph  6.3.4.  of  Regulation 
No. 14. 

the  forces  in  paragraph  3.8.2.6.1.  and  paragraph  3.8.2.6.2.  shall  be  applied 
simultaneously  in  the  forward  direction  and  at  an  angle  of  10°  ±  5°  above 
the horizontal plane; 

the forces in paragraph 3.8.2.6.1. shall be applied in the rearward direction 
and at an angle of 10° ± 5° above the horizontal plane; 

the forces shall be applied as rapidly as possible through the central vertical 
axis of the wheelchair space; and 

3.8.2.6.6. 

the force shall be maintained for a period of not less than 0.2 seconds. 

3.8.2.6.7. 

the  test  shall  be  carried  out  on  a  representative  section  of  the  vehicle 
structure together with any fitting provided in the vehicle which is likely to 
contribute to the strength or rigidity of the structure. 

3.8.2.7. 

The forces specified in paragraph 3.8.2.6. are: 

 
 
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3.8.2.7.1. 

in the case of anchorages provided for a wheelchair restraint system fitted to 
a category M2 vehicle: 

3.8.2.7.1.1. 

3.8.2.7.1.2. 

1110 daN  applied  in  the  longitudinal  plane  of  the  vehicle  and  towards  the 
front of the vehicle at a height of not less than 200 mm and not more than 
300 mm measured vertically from the floor of the wheelchair space, and 

550 daN applied in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and towards the rear 
of  the  vehicle  at  a  height  of  not  less  than  200 mm  and  not  more  than 
300 mm measured vertically from the floor of the wheelchair space; 

3.8.2.7.2. 

in the case of anchorages provided for a wheelchair restraint system fitted to 
a category M3 vehicle 

3.8.2.7.2.1. 

3.8.2.7.2.2. 

3.8.2.7.3. 

3.8.2.8. 

3.8.2.8.1. 

740 daN  applied  in  the  longitudinal  plane  of  the  vehicle  and  towards  the 
front of the vehicle at a height of not less than 200 mm and not more than 
300 mm measured vertically from the floor of the wheelchair space, and 

370 daN applied in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle and towards the rear 
of  the  vehicle  at  a  height  of  not  less  than  200 mm  and  not  more  than 
300 mm measured vertically from the floor of the wheelchair space; 

in the case of anchorages provided for a wheelchair user restraint system the 
forces  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  paragraph  6.4.  of 
Regulation No. 14. 

A wheelchair restraint system shall be subject to a dynamic test carried out 
in accordance with the following requirements: 

a representative wheelchair test trolley of mass 85 kg shall, from a speed of 
between 48 km/h to 50 km/h to rest, be subject to a deceleration-time pulse: 

3.8.2.8.1.1. 

exceeding 20 g in the forward direction for a cumulative period of at least 
0.015 seconds; 

3.8.2.8.1.2. 

exceeding 15 g in the forward direction for a cumulative period of at least 
0.04 seconds; 

3.8.2.8.1.3. 

exceeding a duration of 0.075 seconds; 

3.8.2.8.1.4. 

not exceeding 28 g and for not more than 0.08 seconds; 

3.8.2.8.1.5. 

not exceeding a duration of more than 0.12 seconds, and 

3.8.2.8.2. 

a representative wheelchair test trolley of mass 85 kg shall, from a speed of 
between 48 km/h to 50 km/h to rest, be subject to a deceleration-time pulse: 

3.8.2.8.2.1. 

exceeding  5 g  in  the  rearward  direction  for  a  cumulative  period  of  at  least 
0.015 seconds; 

3.8.2.8.2.2. 

not  exceeding  8 g  in  the  rearward  direction  and  for  not  more  than  0.02 
seconds; 

 
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3.8.2.8.3. 

the test in paragraph 3.8.2.8.2. shall not apply if the same restraints are used 
for  the  forward  and  rearward  direction  or  if  an  equivalent  test  has  been 
conducted; 

3.8.2.8.4. 

for the above test, the wheelchair restraint system shall be attached to either: 

3.8.2.8.4.1. 

anchorages  fixed  to  the  test  rig  which  represents  the  geometry  of  the 
anchorages in a vehicle for which the restraint system is intended, or 

3.8.2.8.4.2. 

anchorages forming part of a representative section of the vehicle for which 
the restraint system is intended, set up as described in paragraph 3.8.2.6.7. 

3.8.2.9. 

A  wheelchair  occupant  restraint  shall  comply  with  the  test  requirements 
specified  in  paragraph  7.7.4.  of  Regulation  No. 16  or  an  equivalent  test  to 
the deceleration-time pulse in paragraph 3.8.2.8.1.  A seat belt approved to 
Regulation No. 16 and so marked shall be deemed to comply. 

3.8.2.10. 

A test in paragraph 3.8.2.6., 3.8.2.8. or 3.8.2.9. shall be deemed to have failed 

unless the following requirements are met: 

3.8.2.10.1. 

3.8.2.10.2. 

3.8.2.10.3. 

3.8.2.10.4. 

no part of the system shall have failed, or shall have become detached from 
its anchorage or from the vehicle during the test; 

mechanisms  to  release  the  wheelchair  and  user  shall  be  capable  of  release 
after completion of the test; 

in  the  test  in  paragraph  3.8.2.8.  the  wheelchair  shall  not  move  more  than 
200 mm in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle during the test; 

no part of the system shall be deformed to such an extent after completion 
of  the  test  that,  because  of  sharp  edges  or  other  protrusions,  the  part  is 
capable of causing injury. 

3.8.2.11. 

Its operating instructions shall be clearly displayed adjacent to it. 

3.8.3. 

In  alternative  to  the  provisions  of  paragraph  3.8.1.1.,  the  wheelchair  space 
shall  be  designed  for  the  wheelchair  user  to  travel  unrestrained  with  the 
wheelchair  facing  rearwards  against  a  support  or  backrest,  in  accordance 
with the following provisions: 

a) 

b) 

c) 

d) 

one  of  the  longitudinal  sides  of  the  space  for  a  wheelchair  shall  rest 
against a side or wall of the vehicle; 

a  support  or  backrest  perpendicular  to  the  longitudinal  axis  of  the 
vehicle shall be provided in the forward end of the wheelchair space; 

the support or backrest shall be designed for the wheels or the back of 
the wheelchair to rest against the support or backrest in order to avoid 
the wheelchair from tipping over; 

the  support  or  backrest  of  the  seat  row  in  front  shall  be  able  to 
withstand  a  force  of  250 daN  ±  20 daN  per  wheelchair.    The  force 
shall be applied in the horizontal plane of the vehicle and towards the 

 
 
 
 
 
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27.12.2006 

e) 

f) 

g) 

h) 

front of the vehicle in the middle of the support or backrest.  The force 
shall be maintained for a period of not less than 1.5 seconds; 

a handrail or handhold shall be fitted to the side or wall of the vehicle 
in such a way to allow the wheelchair user to grasp it easily; 

a  retractable  handrail  or  any  equivalent  device  shall  be  fitted  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  wheelchair  space  in  order  to  restrict  any  lateral 
shift  of  the  wheelchair  and  to  allow  the  wheelchair  user  to  grasp  it 
easily; 

the floor surface of the special area shall be slip-resistant; 

a sign shall be fixed adjacent to the wheelchair area with the following 
text:  

"This  space  is  reserved  for  a  wheelchair.    The  wheelchair  must  be 
placed  facing  rearwards  resting  against  the  support  or  backrest  with 
the brakes on" 

Door controls 

Any  opening  control  adjacent  to  a  door  referred  to  in  paragraph  3.6., 
whether  being  outside  or  inside  of  the  vehicle,  shall  not  be  higher  than 
1300 mm from the ground or the floor. 

Lighting 

Adequate  lighting  shall  be  provided  to  illuminate  the  area  inside  and 
immediately  outside  the  vehicle  to  allow  people  with  reduced  mobility  to 
board and alight in safety.  Any lighting likely to affect the driver’s vision 
shall operate only while the vehicle is at rest. 

Provisions for boarding aids 

General requirements: 

The controls actuating the boarding aids shall be clearly marked as such.  The 
extended or lowered position of the boarding aid shall be indicated by a tell-
tale to the driver. 

In the event of the failure of a safety device, lifts, ramps and kneeling systems 
shall be incapable of operation, unless they can be safely operated by manual 
effort.  The type and location of the emergency operating mechanism shall be 
clearly marked.  In the event of power failure, lifts and ramps must be capable 
of manual operation. 

3.9. 

3.9.1. 

3.10. 

3.10.1. 

3.11. 

3.11.1. 

3.11.1.1. 

3.11.1.2. 

3.11.1.3. 

Access  to  one  of  the  service  or  emergency  doors  on  the  vehicle  may  be 
obstructed  by  a  boarding  aid  providing  the  following  two  conditions  are 
satisfied from both inside and outside the vehicle. 

3.11.1.3.1. 

The boarding device does not obstruct the handle or other device for opening 
the door. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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3.11.1.3.2. 

The boarding device can be readily moved to leave the doorway clear for use 
in an emergency. 

3.11.2. 

Kneeling system 

3.11.2.1. 

A switch shall be required to enable operation of the kneeling system. 

3.11.2.2. 

3.11.2.3. 

Any control which initiates the lowering or raising of any part or the whole 
of the bodywork relative to the road surface must be clearly identified and 
be under the direct control of the driver. 

The  lowering  or  raising  process  shall  be  capable  of  being  stopped  and 
immediately reversed by a control both within the reach of the driver, whilst 
seated in the cab, and also adjacent to any other operating controls provided 
for the operation of the kneeling system. 

3.11.2.4. 

Any kneeling system, which is fitted to a vehicle shall not: 

allow  the  vehicle  to  be  driven  at  a  speed  of  more  than  5 km/h  when  the 
vehicle is lower than the normal height of travel, or 

allow  the  vehicle  to  be  raised  or  lowered  when  the  operation  of  the  service 
door is prevented for any reason. 

3.11.3. 

Lift 

3.11.3.1. 

General provisions 

3.11.3.1.1. 

Lifts  shall  only  be  capable  of  operation  when  the  vehicle  is  at  standstill.  
When  raising  of  the  platform  and  before  lowering  is  initiated  a  device 
preventing  the  wheelchair  from  rolling  off  shall  automatically  come  into 
operation. 

3.11.3.1.2. 

The  lift  platform  shall  not  be  less  than  800 mm  wide,  and  not  less  than 
1200 mm long and shall be capable of operating when carrying a mass of at 
least 300 kg. 

3.11.3.2. 

Additional technical requirements for power-operated lifts 

3.11.3.2.1. 

3.11.3.2.2. 

3.11.3.2.3. 

The  operating  control  shall  be  designed  in  such  a  way  that,  if  released,  it 
automatically returns to the off position.  As it does so the movement of the 
lift  shall  immediately  be  stopped  and  it  shall  be  possible  to  initiate  a 
movement in either direction. 

A safety device (e.g. reversing mechanism) shall protect areas not visible to 
the operator, where the movement of the lift might trap or crush objects. 

In  the  event  of  one  of  these  safety  devices  coming  into  operation,  the 
movement  of  the  lift  shall  immediately  be  stopped  and  movement  in  the 
opposite direction initiated. 

3.11.3.3. 

Operation of power operated lifts 

 
 
 
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3.11.3.3.1. 

Where the lift is at a service door situated within the direct field of vision of 
the driver of the vehicle, the lift may be operated by the driver when in the 
driver’s seat. 

3.11.3.3.2. 

In  all  others  cases,  the  controls  shall  be  adjacent  to  the  lift.    They  shall  be 
capable of being activated and deactivated only by the driver from his seat. 

3.11.3.4. 

Manually operated lift 

3.11.3.4.1. 

The lift shall be designed for operation by controls adjacent to the lift. 

3.11.3.4.2. 

The lift shall be so designed that excessive forces are not required to operate 
it. 

3.11.4. 

Ramp 

3.11.4.1. 

General provisions 

3.11.4.1.1. 

The ramp shall only be capable of operation when the vehicle is at standstill. 

3.11.4.1.2. 

3.11.4.1.3. 

Edges  on  the  outside  shall  be  rounded  to  a  radius  of  no  less  than  2.5 mm.  
Corners on the outside shall be rounded to a radius of not less than 5 mm. 

The  ramp  shall  be  at  least  800 mm  wide.    The  slope  of  the  ramp,  when 
extended or folded out on to a kerb of 150 mm in height, should not exceed 
12 per cent.  A kneeling system may be used to achieve this test. 

3.11.4.1.4. 

Any  ramp  which  when  ready  for  use  exceeds  1200 mm  in  length  shall  be 
fitted with a device to prevent the wheelchair rolling off the sides. 

3.11.4.1.5. 

Any ramp shall be capable of operating safely with a load of 300 kg. 

3.11.4.2. 

Modes of operation 

3.11.4.2.1. 

Extension  and  retraction  of  the  ramp  may  be  carried  out  either  manually  or 
power-operated. 

3.11.4.3. 

Additional technical requirements for power-operated ramps 

3.11.4.3.1. 

Extension  and  retraction  of  the  ramp  shall  be  indicated  by  flashing  yellow 
lights and an audible signal; the ramps shall be identifiable by clearly visible 
red and white retro-reflecting hazard markings on the outer edges. 

3.11.4.3.2. 

Extension  of  the  ramp  in  the  horizontal  direction  shall  be  protected  by  a 
safety device. 

3.11.4.3.3. 

3.11.4.3.4. 

In  the  event  of  one  of  these  safety  devices  coming  into  operation,  the 
movement of the ramp shall immediately be stopped. 

The  horizontal  movement  of  a  ramp  shall  be  interrupted  when  it  is  loaded 
with a mass of 15 kg. 

3.11.4.4. 

Operation of power-operated ramps 

 
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3.11.4.4.1. 

Where the ramp is at a service door situated within the direct field of vision of 
the driver of the vehicle, the ramp may be operated by the driver when in the 
driver’s seat. 

3.11.4.4.2. 

In all others cases, the controls shall be adjacent to the ramp. They shall be 
capable of being activated and deactivated only by the driver from his seat. 

3.11.4.5. 

Operation of manually-operated ramp 

3.11.4.5.1. 

The  ramp  shall  be  so  designed  that  excessive  forces  are  not  required  to 
operate the ramp. 

 
L 373/252 

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ANNEX 9 

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DOUBLE-DECK VEHICLES 

This  annex  contains  the  requirements  for  double-deck  vehicles,  where  these  differ  from  the 
basic requirements of Annex 3.  The paragraphs or subparagraphs below shall replace those 
paragraphs  or  subparagraphs  with  equivalent  numbers  in  Annex 3.    Unless  otherwise  stated 
below,  all  the  other  requirements  of  Annex 3  shall  apply  to  double-deck  vehicles.  The 
numbering of paragraphs below follows that of Annex 3. 

7.4.2.1. 

7.5.4. 

7.5.4.1. 

7.6. 

7.6.1. 

7.6.1.1. 

7.6.1.4. 

Loads equal to Q (as defined in paragraph 7.4.3.3.1. of annex 11) shall be 
placed on each upper deck passenger seat.  If the vehicle is intended to be 
used  with  a  crew  member  who  is  not  seated,  the  centre  of  gravity  of  the 
mass  of  75 kg  representing  the  crew  member  shall  be  placed  in  the  upper 
deck gangway at a height of 875 mm.  The baggage compartments shall not 
contain any baggage. 

Fire extinguishers and first-aid equipment 

Space shall be provided for the fitting of two fire extinguishers, one being 
near the driver’s seat and one on the upper deck.  The space shall be not less 
than 15 dm3. 

Exits 

Number of exits 

Every double-deck vehicle shall have two doors on the lower deck, (see also 
paragraph  7.6.2.2.).    The  minimum  number  of  service  doors  required  is  as 
follows: 

Number of 
passengers 

9 - 45 
46 - 70 
71 - 100 
> 100 

Number of service doors on a double-deck vehicle 

Classes I and A 
1 
2 
2 
4 

Class II 
1 
1 
2 
3 

Classes III and B 
1 
1 
1 
1 

The  minimum  number  of  emergency  exits  shall  be  such  that  the  total 
number of exits is as follows, the number of exits for each separate deck and 
  Toilet 
each  separate  compartment  being  determined  separately. 
compartments or galleys are not considered to be separate compartments for 
the  purposes  of  defining  the  number  of  emergency  exits.    Escape  hatches 
can only count as one of the abovementioned number of emergency exits: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Number of passengers and crew per 
compartment to be accommodated in each 
compartment or deck 
1 - 8 
9 - 16 
17 - 30 
31 - 45 
46 - 60 
61 - 75 
76 - 90 
91 - 110 
111 - 130 
> 130 

Minimum total number of 
emergency exits 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10 
11 

7.6.1.11. 

Escape  hatches,  additional  to  the  emergency  doors  and  windows,  shall  be 
fitted in the roof of the upper deck of Class II and Class III vehicles.  They 
may also be fitted in the case of Class I vehicles.  In such case the minimum 
number of hatches shall be: 

7.6.1.12. 

7.6.1.13. 

7.6.1.14. 

Total number of passengers in the 
upper deck (Aa) 
not exceeding 50 
exceeding 50 

Number of hatches 

l 
2 

Each  intercommunication  staircase  shall  be  considered  to  be  an  exit  from 
the upper deck. 

All  persons  accommodated  in  the  lower  deck  must  in  an  emergency 
situation, have access to the exterior of the vehicle without having to enter 
the upper deck. 

The  upper  deck  gangway  shall  be  connected  by  one  or  more 
intercommunication staircases to the access passageway of a service door or 
to the lower deck gangway within 3m of a service door: 

a) 

b) 

two, or at least one and-one-half staircases, shall be provided in Class 
I and Class II vehicles if more than 50 passengers are carried on the 
upper deck; 
Two,  or  at  least  one  and-one-half,  staircases  are  to  be  provided  in 
Class III vehicles if more than 30 passengers are carried on the upper 
deck. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.6.2. 

7.6.2.2. 

7.6.2.3. 

7.6.2.4. 

7.6.4. 

7.6.4.6. 

7.6.7. 

7.6.7.3. 

7.7.5. 

7.7.5.1. 

Siting of exits 

Two  of  the  doors  referred  to  in  paragraph  7.6.1.1.  shall  be  separated  such 
that the distance between transverse vertical planes through their centres of 
area is not less than either 25 per cent of the overall length of the vehicle or 
40 percent of the overall length of the passenger compartment on the lower 
deck;  this  shall  not  apply  if  the  two  doors  are  on  different  sides  of  the 
vehicle.  If one of these two doors forms part of a double door, this distance 
shall be measured between the two doors which are furthest apart. 

The exits on every deck shall be placed in such a way that their number on 
each of the two sides of the vehicle is substantially the same. 

In each upper deck, at least one emergency exit shall be situated either in the 
rear face or in the front face of the vehicle respectively. 

Technical requirements for all service doors 

If the direct view is not adequate, optical or other devices shall be installed 
to enable the driver to detect from his seat the presence of a passenger in the 
immediate  exterior  vicinity  of  every  service  door  which  is  not  an 
automatically-operated service door.  In the case of vehicles of Class I, this 
requirement  also  applies  to  the  interior  of  all  service  doors  and  to  the 
immediate vicinity of each intercommunication staircase on the upper deck. 

Technical requirements for emergency doors 

 Every control or device for opening an emergency door on the lower deck 
from the outside shall be between 1000 mm and 1500 mm from the ground 
and not more than 500 mm from the door.  In vehicles of Classes I, II and III 
every control or device for opening a emergency door from the inside shall 
be  between  1000 mm  and  1500 mm  from  the  upper  surface  of  the  floor  or 
step  nearest  to  the  control  and  be  not  more  than  500 mm  from  the  door.  
This shall not apply to controls located within the driver’s area.  

Gangways (see figure 1) 

The gangways of a vehicle shall be so designed and constructed as to permit 
the  free  passage  of  a  gauging  device  consisting  of  two  co-axial  cylinders 
with  an  inverted  truncated  cone  interposed  between  them,  the  gauging 
device having the following dimensions (in mm): 

 
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Upper/lower deck: 
Diameter of lower 
cylinder 
Height of lower 
cylinder 

Diameter of upper 
cylinder 
Height of upper 
cylinder 
Overall height 

Class I */ 

UD 
450 

900 

550 

LD 
450 

1020 
(900/ 
990) 
550 

Class II */ 
LD 
350 

UD 
350 

900 

550 

1020 
(900/ 
990) 
550 

500 

500 

500 

500 

1680 

1680

1800 
(1680/ 
1770) 

1800 
(1680/ 
1770) 

L 373/255 

Class III */ 

UD 
300 

900 

450 

500 

180 

LD 
300 

1 020 
(900/ 
990) 
450 

500 

1800 
(1680/ 
1770) 

Dimensions  in  brackets  apply  for  the  rearmost  part  of  the  lower  deck 

*/ 
and near the front axle only (see paragraph 7.7.5.10.) 

The  gauging  device  may  come  into  contact  with  strap  hangers  for  standing 
passengers, if fitted, and move them away.  The diameter of the upper cylinder 
may  be  reduced  at  the  top  to  300  mm  when  a  chamfer  not  exceeding  30 
degrees from the horizontal is included (figure 1) 

7.7.5.4. 

On  articulated  buses  or  coaches,  the  gauging  device  defined  in  paragraph 
7.7.5.1.  shall  be  able  to  pass  unobstructed  through  the  articulated  section  on 
any  deck  where  the  two  sections  permit  through  passage  by  passengers.    No 
part  of  the  soft  covering  of  that  section,  including  parts  of  bellows,  shall 
project into the gangway. 

7.7.5.10. 

The overall height of the gauging device of paragraph 7.7.5.1. may be reduced: 

a) 

b) 

from 1800 mm to 1680 mm in any part of the gangway of the lower deck to the 
rear  of  a  transverse  vertical  plane  situated  1500 mm  forward  to  the  centre  of 
the rear axle (foremost rear axle in the case of vehicles with more than one rear 
axle), 

from  1800 mm  to  1770 mm  in  the  case  of  a  service  door  which  is  situated 
forward  the  front  axle  in  any  part  of  the  gangway  situated  between  two 
transverse vertical planes situated 800 mm forwards and behind the centre line 
of the front axle. 

7.7.7.   

Steps 

7.7.7.1. 

Footnote 1/:  850 mm  maximum  in  the  case  of  an  emergency  door  in  the 
lower deck and 1500 mm maximum in the case of the emergency door in the 
upper deck. 

7.7.8.6. 

Free height over seating positions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.7.8.6.1. 

Each  seating  position  shall  have  a  free  height  of  not  less  than  900 mm 
measured from the highest point of the uncompressed seat cushion.  This free 
height  shall  extend  over  the  vertical  projection  of  the  whole  area  of  the  seat 
and the associated foot space.  In the case of the upper deck, this free height 
may be reduced to 850 mm. 

7.7.12.  

Intercommunication staircase (see annex 4, figure 1). 

7.7.12.1. 

The minimum width of any intercommunication staircase shall be so designed 
as to permit the free passage of the single door access template as defined in 
figure 1 of annex 4.  The panel shall be moved starting from the gangway of 
the  lower  deck  up  to  the  last  step,  in  the  probable  direction  of  motion  of  a 
person using the staircase. 

7.7.12.2. 

Intercommunication staircases shall be so designed, that, during heavy braking 
of  the  vehicle  moving  in  the  forward  direction,  there  is  no  danger  of  a 
passenger being projected downwards. 

This  requirement  is  considered  to  be  fulfilled  if  at  least  one  of  the  following 
conditions is met: 

7.7.12.2.1. 

no part of the staircase is forward descending; 

7.7.12.2.2. 

the staircase is equipped with guards or a similar provision; 

7.7.12.2.3. 

there is an automatic device in the upper part of the staircase which prevents 
the  use  of  the  staircase  when  the  vehicle  is  in  motion;  this  device  shall  be 
easily operable in an emergency. 

7.7.12.3. 

It  shall  be  verified,  by  use  of  the  cylinder  of  paragraph  7.7.5.1.,  that  access 
conditions from the gangways (upper and lower) to the staircase are adequate. 

7.11. 

Handrails and handholds 

7.11.5.  

Handrails and handholds for intercommunication staircases. 

7.11.5.1. 

7.11.5.2. 

Suitable  handrails  or  handholds  shall  be  provided  at  each  side  of  all 
intercommunication  staircases.    These  shall  be  positioned  between  800 mm 
and 1100 mm above the tread edge of each step. 

The handrails and/or handholds to be provided shall be such that they include a 
grasping  point  available  to  a  person  standing  on  the  lower  or  upper  deck 
adjacent  to  the  intercommunication  staircase,  and  at  any  of  the  successive 
steps.  Such points shall be situated vertically between 800 mm and 1100 mm 
above the lower deck or each above the surface of each step, and, 

7.11.5.2.1. 

for the position appropriate to a person standing on the lower deck, not more 
than 400 mm inwards from the outer edge of the first step, and 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.11.5.2.2. 

for the position appropriate to a particular step, not outwards from the outer 
edge  of  the  step  considered,  and  not  more  than  600 mm  inwards  from  the 
same edge. 

7.12. 

7.12.2. 

7.12.3. 

Guarding of step wells and exposed seats 

On  the  upper  deck  of  a  double-deck  vehicle,  the  intercommunication 
staircase  well  shall  be  protected  by  an  enclosed  guard  having  a  minimum 
height  of  800 mm  measured  from  the  floor.    The  lower  edge  of  the  guard 
shall not be more than 100 mm from the floor. 

The front windscreen ahead of passengers occupying upper deck front seats 
must be provided with a padded guard.  The higher edge of that protection 
shall  be  situated  vertically  between  800 mm  and  900 mm  above  the  floor 
where the passenger’s feet rest. 

7.12.4. 

The riser of each step in a staircase shall be closed. 

 
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ANNEX 9 

Appendix 

Figure 1 

GANGWAYS 
(see paragraph 7.7.5. of annex 9.) 

B 
(mm) 
550 

550 

450 

Class I 

Class II 

Class III 

C (mm) 

D (mm) 

E (mm) (1/) 

F (mm) 

450 

350 

300 (220 in the 
case of laterally 
movable seats) 

500 

500 

500 

1800 
(1680/1770) 
1800 
(1680/1770) 
1800 
(1680/1770) 

1020 
(900/990) 
1020 
(900/990) 
1020 
(900/990) 

(1/)  Dimensions in brackets apply for upper deck only and/or the rearmost part of the lower deck 

and/or the lower deck near the front axle only (see paragraph 7.7.5.10.). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 10 

TYPE-APPROVAL FOR A SEPARATE TECHNICAL UNIT AND TYPE-APPROVAL 
OF A VEHICLE FITTED WITH A BODYWORK ALREADY APPROVED AS A 
SEPARATE TECHNICAL UNIT 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

2. 

2.1. 

Separate technical unit type-approval. 

In order to be granted separate technical unit type-approval to this Regulation 
for a vehicle bodywork, the manufacturer must demonstrate to the satisfaction 
of  the  approval  authority  the  accomplishment  of  the  conditions  declared  by 
the  manufacturer.    The  remaining  conditions  to  this  Regulation  must  be 
accomplished and demonstrated according to paragraph 2. 

Approval  may  be  granted  subject  to  conditions  to  be  met  by  the  completed 
vehicle (such as, for example, characteristics of suitable chassis, restriction on 
use  or  installation),  these  restrictions  being  recorded  on  the  approval 
certificate. 

Any  such  conditions  must  be  communicated  to  the  purchaser  of  the  vehicle 
bodywork or the next stage builder of the vehicle in an appropriate form. 

Type-approval  of  a  vehicle  fitted  with  a  bodywork  already  approved  as  a 
separate technical unit. 

In  order  to  be  granted  type-approval  to  this  Regulation  for  a  vehicle  fitted 
with  a  bodywork  which  has  already  been  granted  approval  as  a  separate 
technical  unit,  the  manufacturer  must  demonstrate  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
approval  authority  compliance  with  the requirements  of  this  Regulation  that 
would  not  have  already  been  accomplished  and  demonstrated  according  to 
paragraph 1., considering any previous type-approval as uncompleted vehicle. 

2.2. 

Any requirements established according to paragraph 1.2. must be fulfilled. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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ANNEX 11 

MASSES AND DIMENSIONS 

This  annex  applies  to  the  masses  and  dimensions  of  motor  vehicles  of 
categories  M2  and  M3  in  so  far  as  they  are  necessary  for  the  approval  of  a 
vehicle in respect of its general construction. 

DEFINITIONS 

For the purposes of this annex: 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

"Group  of  axles"  means  axles  being  part  of  a  bogie.  A  two-axle  group  is 
called a tandem and a tri-axle group a tri-axle bogie. By convention, a solo 
axle is considered as a group of one axle. 

Vehicles  dimensions  means  the  dimensions  of  the  vehicle  based  on  its 
construction, as stated by manufacturer. 

1. 

2. 

2.1. 

2.2. 

2.3. 

2.4. 

2.4.1. 

"Vehicle length" is a dimension which is measured according to ISO standard 
612-1978, term No 6.1. 

In  addition  to  the  provisions  of  that  standard,  when  measuring  the  vehicle 
length the following devices must not be taken into account: 
- wiper and washer devices, 
- front or rear marking-plates, 
- customs sealing devices and their protection, 
- devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection, 
- lighting equipment, 
- mirrors and other devices for indirect vision, 
- watching aids, 
- air-intake pipes, 
- length stops for demountable bodies, 
- access steps and hand-holds, 
- ram rubbers and similar equipment, 
- lifting platforms, access ramps and similar equipment in running order, not 
exceeding 300 mm, provided that the loading capacity of the vehicle is not 
increased, 

- coupling devices for motor vehicles, 
- trolley booms of electrically-propelled vehicles, 
- external sun visors. 

2.4.2. 

"Vehicle width" is a dimension which is measured according to ISO standard 
612-1978, term No. 6.2. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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In  addition  to  the  provisions  of  that  standard,  when  measuring  the  vehicle 
width the following devices must not be taken into account: 
- customs sealing devices and their protection, 
- devices for securing the tarpaulin and their protection, 
- tyre failure tell-tale devices, 
- protruding flexible parts of a spray-suppression, 
- lighting equipment, 
-  access  ramps  in  running  order,  lifting  platforms  and  similar  equipment  in 
running order provided that they do not exceed 10 mm from the side of the 
vehicle  and  the  corners  of  the  ramps  facing  forwards  or  rearwards  are 
rounded to a radius of not less than 5 mm; the edges must be rounded to a 
radius of not                      less  than 2.5 mm, 
- mirrors and other devices for indirect vision, 
- tyre-pressure indicators, 
- retractable steps, 
- the deflected part of the tyre walls immediately above the point of contact 
with the ground, 
- watching aids, 
- retractable lateral guidance devices on buses and coaches intended for use 

on guided bus systems, if not retracted. 

2.4.3. 

"Vehicle  height"  is  a  dimension  which  is  measured  according  to  ISO 
standards 612-1978, term No. 6.3. 

In  addition  to  the  provisions  of  that  standard,  when  measuring  the  vehicle 
height the following devices must not be taken into account: 
- aerials, 
- pantographs or trolley booms in their elevated position. 

For vehicles with an axle-lift device, the effect of this device must be taken 
into account." 

2.5. 

2.6. 

2.7. 

2.8. 

2.9. 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

"Technically  permissible  maximum  mass  on  the  axle  (m)"  means  the  mass 
corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load exerted by the 
axle on the road surface, based on the construction of the vehicle and of the 
axle and as stated by the vehicle manufacturer. 

"Technically permissible maximum mass on a group of axles (µ)" means the 
mass corresponding to the maximum permissible static vertical load exerted 
by the group of axles on the road surface, based on both the construction of 
the  vehicle  and  of  the  group  of  axles  and  as  stated  by  the  vehicle 
manufacturer. 

"Towable  mass"  means  the  total  load  exerted  on  the  road  surface  by  the 
axle(s) of the towed vehicle(s). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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2.10. 

2.11. 

2.12. 

2.13. 

2.14. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

7.1. 

"Technically  permissible  maximum 
maximum towable mass stated by the manufacturer. 

towable  mass  (TM)"  means 

the 

"Technically  permissible  maximum  mass  on  the  coupling  point  of  a  motor 
vehicle"  means  the  mass  corresponding  to  the  maximum  permissible  static 
vertical  load  on  the  coupling  point  based  on  the  construction  of  the  motor 
vehicle  and/or  coupling  device  and  as  stated  by  the  manufacturer.  By 
definition, this mass does not include the mass of the coupling device of the 
motor vehicle. 

(Reserved) 

"Technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  of  the  combination  (MC)" 
means the total mass of a combination of motor vehicle and trailer(s) as stated 
by the manufacturer. 

"Axle-lift  device"  means  a  device  permanently  fitted  to  a  vehicle  for  the 
purpose  of  reducing  or  increasing  the  load  on  the  axle(s),  according  to  the 
loading conditions of the vehicle: 

a)  either  by  raising  the  wheels  clear  off  the  ground/lowering  them  to  the 

ground,  

b)  or  without  raising  the  wheels  off  the  ground,  (e.g.  in  the  case  of  air 

suspension systems, or other systems),  

in order to reduce the wear on the tyres when the vehicle is not fully laden, 
and/or  make  starting  (moving  off)  on  slippery  ground  easier  for  motor 
vehicles or vehicle combinations, by increasing the load on the driving axle. 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

REQUIREMENTS 

Measurement  of  the  mass  of  the  vehicle  in  running  order  and  of  its 
distribution among the axles 

The mass of the vehicle in running order and its distribution on the axles are 
measured  on  the  vehicle(s)  submitted  in  accordance  with  paragraph  3.4.  of 
this  Regulation  placed  in  a  stationary  position  with  their  wheels  set  straight 
ahead.    If  the  measured  masses  differ  by  no  more  than  3 per  cent  from  the 
masses  stated  by 
technical 
configurations within the type, or by no more than 5 per cent if the vehicle is 
of category M2 not exceeding 3500 kg, the masses in running order and their 
distribution  among  the  axles  as  stated  by  the  manufacturer  are  used  for  the 
purpose of the requirements below.  Otherwise the measured masses must be 

the  manufacturer  for 

the  corresponding 

 
 
 
 
 
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used  and  the  technical  service  may  then,  if  necessary,  carry  out  additional 
measurements  on  vehicle(s)  other  than  those  submitted  in  accordance  with 
paragraph 3.4. of this Regulation. 

7.2. 

7.3. 

7.4. 

7.4.1. 

7.4.1.1. 

7.4.1.2. 

7.4.1.3. 

7.4.1.4. 

7.4.1.5. 

7.4.1.6. 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

Mass distribution calculations 

Calculation procedure 

For the purpose of the mass distribution calculations hereafter laid down, the 
manufacturer  must  provide  the  technical  service  in  charge  of  the  tests,  with 
the  information  (in  tabular  or  any  other  appropriate  form)  necessary  to 
identify  for  each  technical  configuration  within  the  vehicle  type  the 
corresponding  technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  of  the  vehicle, 
the  technically  permissible  maximum  masses  on  the  axles  and  groups  of 
axles, the technically permissible maximum towable mass, and the technically 
permissible maximum laden mass of the combination. 

Suitable  calculations  must  be  carried  out  in  order  to  make  sure  that  the 
following  requirements  are  fulfilled  for  each  technical  configuration  within 
the type. For this purpose, the calculations may be limited to the worst cases. 

In  the  following  requirements,  the  notations  M,  mi,  µj  TM,  and  MC 
respectively  designate  the  following  parameters,  for  which  the  requirements 
of 7.4 must be fulfilled: 

M = 

the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the vehicle, 

mi = 

the technically permissible maximum mass on the axle designated 'i', 
where 'i' varies from 1 to the total number of axles of the vehicle, 

µj = 

the technically permissible maximum mass on the solo axle or group 
of  axles  designated  'j',  where  'j'  varies  from  1  to  the  total  number  of 
solo axles and groups of axles, 

TM =  the technically permissible maximum towable mass, and 

MC =  the technically permissible maximum laden mass of the combination. 

In the case of a solo axle, designated 'i' as an axle and 'j' as a group of axles, 
mi = µj by definition. 

In  the  case  of  vehicles  fitted  with  loadable  axles,  the  following  calculations 
must  be  carried  out  with  the  suspension  of  the  axles  loaded  in  the  normal 
running configuration. In the case of vehicles fitted with retractable axles, the 
following calculations are carried out with the axles lowered. 

For  groups  of  axles,  the  manufacturer  must  indicate  the  laws  of  distribution 
among  the  axles  of  the  total  mass  applied  on  to  the  group  (for  instance  by 
stating the distribution formulae or producing distribution graphs). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.4.1.7. 

(Reserved) 

7.4.2. 

7.4.2.1. 

7.4.2.2. 

7.4.2.3. 

7.4.2.4. 

7.4.2.5. 

7.4.2.6. 

7.4.2.7. 

7.4.3. 

(Reserved – See 7.4.3.1 and 7.4.4 below) 

The sum of the masses mi must not be less than the mass M. 

For each group of axles designated 'j', the sum of the masses mi on its axles 
must not be less than the mass µj. In addition, each of the masses mi must not 
be less than the part of µj applying on the axle 'i' as determined by the mass 
distribution laws for that group of axles. 

The sum of the masses µj must not be less than the mass M. 

The mass in running order, plus the mass corresponding to 75 kg multiplied 
by the number of passengers, plus the technically permissible maximum mass 
on the coupling point, must not exceed the mass M. 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

MC must not exceed M + TM. 

Requirements for buses and coaches 

7.4.3.1. 

The requirements of paragraphs 7.4.2.1. to 7.4.2.3., and of 7.4.2.7., apply. 

7.4.3.2. 

7.4.3.3. 

7.4.3.3.1. 

The mass of the vehicle in running order, plus the mass Q multiplied by the 
number of seated and standing passengers, plus the masses WP, B and BX as 
defined in paragraph 7.4.3.3.1., plus the technical permissible maximum mass 
on  the  coupling  point,  if  a  coupling  is  fitted  by  the  manufacturer,  shall  not 
exceed the mass M. 

When  the  vehicle  in  running  order  is  laden  as  described  in  paragraph 
7.4.3.3.1., the mass corresponding to the load on each axle must not exceed 
the mass mi on each axle, and the mass corresponding to the load on each solo 
axle  or  group  of  axles  must  not  exceed  the  mass  µj  on  that  group  of  axles. 
Moreover, the mass corresponding to the load on the driving axle or the sum 
of masses, corresponding to the loads on the driving axles must be at least 25 
per cent of M. 

The  vehicle  in  running  order  is  loaded  with:  a  mass  corresponding  to  the 
number  P  of  seated  passengers,  of  mass  Q;  a  mass  corresponding  to  the 
number SP of standing passengers, of mass Q uniformly distributed over the 
surface available for standing passengers S1;  where  appropriate,  a  mass  WP 
uniformly  distributed  over  each  wheelchair  space;  a  mass  equal  to  B  (kg) 
uniformly distributed in the baggage compartments; a mass equal to BX (kg) 
uniformly  distributed  over  the  surface  area  of  the  roof  equipped  for  the 
carriage of baggage, where: 

P is the number of seating places. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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S1 is the area for standing passengers. In the case of vehicles of classes III or 
B, S1 = 0. 

SP, declared by the manufacturer, must not exceed the value S1/SSp, where SSp 
is the conventional space provided for one standing passenger specified in the 
table below. 

WP  (kg),  is  the  number  of  wheelchair  spaces  multiplied  by  250 kg 
representing the mass of a wheelchair and user. 

B (kg), declared by the manufacturer, must have a numeric value not less than 
100 x V.    This  shall  include  baggage  compartments  or  racks  that  may  be 
attached to the outside of the vehicle. 

V  is  the  total  volume  of  baggage  compartments  in  m3.  When  approving  a 
vehicle of  
Class I or A, the volume of baggage compartments accessible only from the 
outside of the vehicle shall be disregarded. 

BX, declared by the manufacturer, must have a numeric value not less than 75 
kg/m2. 

Double deck vehicles shall not be equipped for the carriage of baggage on the 
roof and therefore BX for double deck vehicles shall be zero. 

Q and SSp have values laid down in the following table: 

Vehicle class 

Q (kg) mass of one 
passenger 

Class I and A 
Class II 
Class III and B 

68 
71 */ 
71 */ 

*/ 

Including 3 kg for hand baggage. 

SSp (m2/passenger) 
conventional space for 
one standing passenger 
0.125 
0.15 
None 

7.4.3.3.2. 

7.4.3.3.2.1. 

7.4.3.3.2.2. 

In  the  case  of  a  vehicle  equipped  with  a  variable  seating  capacity,  area 
available  for  standing  passengers  (S1)  and/or  equipped  for  the  carriage  of 
wheelchairs,  the  requirements  of  sections  7.4.3.2  and  7.4.3.3  shall  be 
determined for each of the following conditions as applicable: 

with all possible seats occupied followed by the remaining area for standing 
passengers (up to the standing capacity limit declared by the manufacturer, if 
reached) and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied; 

with  all  possible  standing  areas  occupied  (up  to  the  standing  capacity  limit 
declared by the manufacturer) followed by the remaining seats available for 
seated passengers and, if space remains, any wheelchair spaces occupied; 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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7.4.3.3.2.3. 

7.4.3.4. 

with all possible wheelchair spaces occupied followed by the remaining area 
for  standing  passengers  (up  to  the  standing  capacity  limit  declared  by  the 
manufacturer,  if  reached)  and  then  the  remaining  seats  available  for  use 
occupied. 

When the vehicle is in running order or laden as specified in section 7.4.3.3.1, 
the mass corresponding to the load on the front axle or group of axles must 
not be less than the percentage of the mass of the vehicle in running order or 
of  the  technically  permissible  maximum  laden  mass  'M'  laid  down  in  the 
following table: 

Classes I and A 

Class II 

Rigid 
20 

Articulated 
20 

Rigid 
25 (1) 

Articulated 
20 

Classes III and B 

Rigid 
25 (1) 

Articulated 
20 

(1)  This  figure  is  reduced  to  20%  for  3  axle  vehicles  of  classes  II  and  III 

having two steered axles. 

7.4.3.5. 

Where a vehicle is to be approved to more than one Class, paragraphs 7.4.3.2. 
and 7.4.3.3 shall apply to each Class. 

7.4.4. 

(Reserved) 

7.5. 

7.6. 

7.6.1. 

(Reserved) 

Manoeuvrability 

Any motor vehicle must be able to manoeuvre on either side for a complete 
circular trajectory of 360° inside an area defined by two concentric circles, the 
outer  circle  having  a  radius  of  12.50 m  and  the  inner  circle  having  a  radius 
of 5.30 m, without any of the vehicle's outermost points (with the exception 
of  the  protruding  parts  excluded  from  the  measurement  the  vehicle  width) 
projecting outside the circumferences of the circles.  For motor vehicles with 
axle-lift devices, this requirement also applies with the retractable axle(s) in 
the lifted position or loadable axle(s) in the unladen condition.  

The abovementioned requirements must be verified as follows: 

7.6.1.1. 

Motor vehicles 

The  outermost  front  point  of  the  motor  vehicle  must  be  guided  along  the 
contour of the outer circle (see figure A). 

7.6.1.2. 

(Reserved) 

7.6.2. 

7.6.3. 

(Reserved) 

Additional requirements for vehicles of categories M2 or M3 

There are two alternative methods of proving compliance with this paragraph 
– 7.6.3.1 (A) or 7.6.3.1 (B) below.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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The United Kingdom and Portugal may, within their territory until 9 March 
2005,  refuse  to  grant  national  type-approval  of  a  vehicle  type,  or  refuse  or 
prohibit  the  sale,  registration,  entry  into  service  or  use  of  a  vehicle  if  the 
vehicle  does  not  comply  with  the  manoeuvrability  criteria  specified  in 
paragraph 7.6.3.1. (B) below.   

With  the  above  exceptions,  Contracting  Parties  shall  grant  approvals  on  the 
basis of paragraph 7.6.3.1. (A). 

With  the  vehicle  stationary,  a  vertical  plane  tangential  to  the  side  of  the 
vehicle and facing outwards from the circle shall be established by marking a 
line on the ground.  In the case of an articulated vehicle, the two rigid portions 
shall be aligned with the plane.  When the vehicle moves from a straight line 
approach into the circular area described in paragraph 7.6.1., no part of it shall 
move outside of that vertical plane by more than 0,60 m (see figures B and 
C). 

7.6.3.1. (A) 

Figure A 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure B 

R = 12.5 m 
r = 5.3 m 
U = maximum 0.6 m 

Figure C 

R = 12.5 m 
r = 5.3 m 
U = maximum 0.6 m 
7.6.3.1. (B) When  the  vehicle  is  stationary  and  has  its  steered  wheels  so  directed  that  if  the 
vehicle  moved,  its  outermost  forward  point  would  describe  a  circle  of  12.50  m 
radius,  a  vertical  plane  tangential  to  the  side  of  the  vehicle  which  faces  outwards 
from the circle must be established by marking a line on the ground. In the case of 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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an articulated vehicle of category M2 or M3, the two rigid portions must be aligned 
with the plane. 

When  the  vehicle  moves  forward  on  either  side  following  the  circle  of  12.50  m 
radius, no part of it may move outside the vertical plane by more than 0.80 m (see 
Figure B) in the case of a rigid vehicle up to 12 m in length or by more than 1.20 m 
(see Figure C) in the case of a rigid vehicle of over 12 m in length or an articulated 
vehicle of category M2 or M3. 

For vehicles with an axle-lift device this requirement also applies to the axle(s) in 
the lifted position (within the meaning of paragraph 2.14.). 

 
 
 
 
 
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Figure A 

Figure B 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Figure C 

7.6.4. 

7.6.5. 

7.7. 

7.8. 

7.9. 

7.10. 

7.11. 

The  requirements  of  paragraphs  7.6.1.  to  7.6.3.  may  also  be  verified,  at  the 
request  of  the  manufacturer,  with  an  appropriate  equivalent  calculation  or 
geometric demonstration. 

In  the  case  of  incomplete  vehicles,  the  manufacturer  must  declare  the 
maximum  permissible  dimensions  for  which  the  vehicle  is  to  be  checked 
against the requirements of 7.6.1. to 7.6.3. 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

(Reserved) 

_________