Proposal for a Council Decision on the position to be adopted by the Communities and its Member States within the Cooperation Council established by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement establishing a partnership between the European Communities and its Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of the other part, with regard to the adoption of a Recommendation on the implementation of the EU-Georgia Action Plan
Date: 2006-10-24
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU relations, European neighbourhood policy, Georgia, action programme, cooperation policy

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 

Brussels, 24.10.2006 
COM(2006) 623 final 

Proposal for a 

COUNCIL DECISION 

on the position to be adopted by the Communities and its Member States  
within the Cooperation Council established by the Partnership and Cooperation 
Agreement establishing a partnership between the European Communities and its 
Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of the other part, with regard to the 
adoption of a Recommendation on the implementation of the EU-Georgia Action Plan 

(presented by the Commission) 

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EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 

The 2002 Copenhagen European Council, closing accession negotiations with ten new States, 
recognised that enlargement presented an important opportunity to take forward relations with 
neighbouring  countries  based  on  shared  values,  and  stated  that  the  Union  remained 
determined  to  avoid  new  dividing  lines  in  Europe  and  to  promote  stability  and  prosperity 
within and beyond the new borders of the Union. 

The  Commission  Communication  “Wider  Europe  -  Neighbourhood:  A  New  Framework  for 
Relations  with  our  Eastern  and  Southern  Neighbours”  of  March  20031  proposed  the 
establishment of Action Plans with partner countries. On 16 June 2003, the Council welcomed 
this Communication and invited the Commission, with the contribution, where appropriate, of 
the High Representative, to present proposals for Action Plans for all countries concerned as 
appropriate, commencing with Ukraine, Moldova, and Southern Mediterranean partners with 
Association Agreements. 

On  14  June  2004,  the  Council  welcomed  the  Commission  Communication  “European 
Neighbourhood  Policy  –  Strategy  Paper”2.  The  Council  also  welcomed  the  Commission 
proposal  to  pursue  the  European  Neighbourhood  Policy  (ENP)  through  Action  Plans  to  be 
agreed  jointly  with  the  neighbouring  countries  concerned  and  invited  the  Commission  to 
propose  such  Action  Plans.  The  Council  also  defined  how  to  advance  and  monitor 
implementation of such Action Plans.  

The Commission Communication of December 20043 submitted to the Council for approval a 
first  set  of  draft  Action  Plans  while  the  Commission  Communication  of  March  20054 
submitted  the  Country  Reports  for  Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Egypt,  Georgia  and  Lebanon 
recommending  the  starting  of  negotiations  for  the  drawing  up  of  Action  Plans  with  these 
countries.  On  16  and  17  June  2005,  the  Council  welcomed  the  decision  to  establish  Action 
Plans with the above mentioned countries.  

The  Commission,  in  close  cooperation  with  the  Presidency  and  the  High  Representative  on 
issues related to political cooperation and the CFSP, has held exploratory talks with Georgia 
which have resulted in agreement on a draft Action Plan. It covers a timeframe of five years. 
Its  implementation  will  help  fulfil  the  provisions  in  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation 
Agreement and will contribute to an increasingly close relationship with Georgia, involving a 
significant  degree  of  economic  integration  and  a  deepening  of  political  co-operation. 
Implementation of the Action Plan will significantly advance the approximation of Georgian 
legislation, norms and standards to those of the European Union. 

The Action Plan is a broad tool for economic and political co-operation, carrying to a further 
stage  the  commitments  and  objectives  contained  in  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation 
Agreement. 

In accordance with the Council Conclusions of 14 June 2004, stipulating that the Action Plans 
will be approved by the Council and subsequently endorsed by the respective Association or 

1 
2 
3 
4 

COM(2003)104 
COM(2004)373 
COM(2004) 795 
COM(2005) 72 

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Co-operation Councils, the Commission attaches the text of a proposal for a Council Decision 
on  the  position  to  be  taken  by  the  Communities  and  their  Member  States  within  the  EU-
Georgia  Cooperation  Council  with  regard  to  the  adoption  of  a  Recommendation  on  the 
implementation of the Action Plan in annex.  

The Commission therefore requests the Council to adopt the attached proposal for a Council 
Decision. 

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Proposal for a 

COUNCIL DECISION 

on the position to be adopted by the Communities and its Member States  
within the Cooperation Council established by the Partnership and Cooperation 
Agreement establishing a partnership between the European Communities and its 
Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of the other part, with regard to the 
adoption of a Recommendation on the implementation of the EU-Georgia Action Plan 

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having regard to Article 2 (1) of the Council and Commission Decision 1999/515/EC, ECSC, 
Euratom  of  31.05.19995  on  the  conclusion  of  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement 
between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of 
the other part,  

Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, in particular Article 15 thereof; 

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission6; 

Whereas: 

(1) 

(2) 

The  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement  establishing  a  partnership  between  the 
European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of the 
other part, was signed on 22nd April 1996 and entered into force on 1st July 1999. 

The  Parties  intend  to  agree  on  an  EU-Georgia  Action  Plan,  which  will  support  the 
implementation of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement through the elaboration 
and agreement of concrete steps towards attainment of its objectives. 

HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 

Sole Article 

The  position  to  be  adopted  by  the  Communities  and  their  Member  States  within  the 
Cooperation Council established by the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement establishing 
a partnership between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, 
and Georgia, of the other part, with regard to the implementation of the EU-Georgia Action 
Plan shall be based on the draft Recommendation of the Cooperation Council annexed to this 
Decision. 

Done at Brussels,  

5 
6 

OJ L /1999/205/1 
OJ xxxxxxxxx 

For the Council 
The President 

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ANNEX  

draft 
RECOMMENDATION 

on the implementation of the EU-Georgia Action Plan  

The EU-Georgia Cooperation Council, 

Having  regard  to  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement  establishing  a  partnership 
between the  European Communities and its Member  States  of  the  one  part,  and  Georgia,  of 
the  other  part  –  hereafter  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement  -  and  in  particular 
Article 81 thereof, 

Whereas: 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

Article  81  of  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation  Agreement  gives  the  Cooperation 
Council the power to make appropriate recommendations, for the purposes of attaining 
the objectives of the Agreement.  

In terms of Article 98 of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, the Parties shall 
take  any  general  or  specific  measures  required  to  fulfil  their  obligations  under  the 
Agreement and shall see to it that the objectives set out in the Agreement are attained. 

The Parties to the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement have agreed on the text of 
the EU-Georgia Action Plan. 

The EU-Georgia Action Plan will support the implementation of the Partnership and 
Cooperation Agreement through the elaboration and agreement between the Parties of 
concrete steps which will provide practical guidance for such implementation. 

The Action Plan serves the dual purpose of setting out concrete steps in bringing the 
fulfilment  of  the  Parties’  obligations  set  out  in  the  Partnership  and  Cooperation 
Agreement,  and  of  providing  a  broader  framework  for  further  strengthening  EU-
Georgia  relations  to  involve  a  significant  measure  of  economic  integration  and  a 
deepening  of  political  cooperation,  in  accordance  with  the  overall  objectives  of  the 
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement. 

HAS ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATION: 

Sole Article 

The  Cooperation  Council  recommends  that  the  Parties  implement  the  EU-Georgia  Action 
Plan in annex, insofar as such implementation is directed towards attainment of the objectives 
of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.  

Done at [...] 

For the Cooperation Council 

The President 

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ANNEX  

EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD POLICY 
EU-Georgia Action Plan 

1. 

INTRODUCTION 

The enlargement of the European Union on 1 May 2004 has brought a historical shift for the 
Union  in  political,  geographic  and  economic  terms,  further  reinforcing  the  political  and 
economic interdependence between the EU and Georgia. It offers the opportunity for the EU 
and  Georgia  to  develop  an  increasingly  close  relationship,  going  beyond  co-operation,  to 
involve  a  significant  measure  of  economic  integration  and  a  deepening  of  political  co-
operation. The European Union and Georgia are determined to make use of this occasion to 
enhance  their  relations  and  to  promote  stability,  security  and  welfare.  The  approach  is 
founded on partnership, joint ownership and differentiation. 

The European Neighbourhood Policy of the European Union sets ambitious objectives based 
on  commitments  to  shared  values  and  effective  implementation  of  political,  economic  and 
institutional reforms.  

Georgia is invited to enter into intensified political, security, economic and cultural relations 
with  the  EU,  enhanced  regional  and  cross  border  co-operation  and  shared  responsibility  in 
conflict prevention and conflict resolution.  

The  European  Union  takes  note  of  Georgia’s  expressed  European  aspirations.  The  EU 
welcomes  Georgia's  readiness  to  enhance  cooperation  in  all  domains  covered  by  the  Action 
Plan.  The  level  of  ambition  of  the  relationship  will  depend  on  the  degree  of  Georgia’s 
commitment to common values as well as its capacity to implement jointly agreed priorities, 
in compliance with international and European norms and principles. The pace of progress of 
the  relationship  will  acknowledge  fully  Georgia’s  efforts  and  concrete  achievements  in 
meeting those commitments. 

This  Action  Plan  is  a  first  step  in  this  process.  The  EU-Georgia  Action  Plan  is  a  political 
document laying out the strategic objectives of the cooperation between Georgia and the EU. 
It covers a timeframe of five years. Its implementation will also help fulfil the provisions of 
the  PCA,  build  ties  in  new  areas  of  cooperation  and  encourage  and  support  Georgia's 
objective of further integration into European economic and social structures. 

Implementation of the Action Plan will significantly advance the approximation of Georgian 
legislation, norms and standards to those of the European Union. In this context, it will build 
solid foundations for further economic integration based on the adoption and implementation 
of  economic  and  trade-related  rules  and  regulations  with  the  potential  to  enhance  trade, 
investment  and  growth.  It  will  furthermore  help  to  devise  and  implement  policies  and 
measures to promote economic growth and social cohesion, to reduce poverty and to protect 
the environment, thereby contributing to the long-term objective of sustainable development. 
Georgia and the EU will cooperate closely in implementing this Action Plan. 

The EU Special Representative for the South Caucasus will assist the relevant bodies in the 
implementation of this Action Plan in accordance with his mandate. 

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2. 

NEW PARTNERSHIP PERSPECTIVES  

The European Neighbourhood Policy opens new partnership perspectives:  

•  The  perspective  of  moving  beyond  cooperation  to  a  significant  degree  of  integration, 
including  through  a  stake  in  the  EU’s  Internal  Market  and  gradual  extension  of  four 
freedoms to Georgia, as well as the possibility for Georgia to participate progressively in 
key aspects of EU policies and programmes; 

•  An  upgrade  in  the  scope  and  intensity  of  political  cooperation,  through  further 

development of mechanisms for political dialogue.  

•  Continuing  strong  EU  commitment  to  support  the  settlement  of  Georgia’s  internal 
conflicts, drawing on the instruments at the EU’s disposal, and in close consultation with 
the UN and OSCE. The EU is ready to consider ways to strengthen further its engagement; 

•  Enhancing cooperation in the area of Justice, Freedom and Security, notably in the field of 

border management and migration.  

•  Increased  possibilities  for  closer  co-operation  in  the  area  of  foreign  and  security  policy, 
including  European  Security  and  Defense  Policy  in  particular  on  the  issues  of  regional 
stability and crisis management.  

•  Deepening  trade  and  economic  relations;  providing  the  opportunity  for  convergence  of 
economic legislation, the opening of economies to each other, and the continued reduction 
of non-tariff barriers to trade, which will stimulate investment and growth. 

•  Enhancing co-operation in the fields of energy, transport and environment contributing to 

energy security and supply diversification needs for the EU.  

•  In  parallel  with  the  South  Caucasus  Partnership,  enhance  bilateral  and  multilateral 
cooperation in the Black Sea area – including strengthened regional economic cooperation 
between the Baltic, Black and Caspian Sea regions;  

•  The  perspective  of  identifying  particular  initiatives  that  needs  to  be  taken  for  a  better 
governance on maritime related matters in the Black Sea and a more coordinated approach 
to the management of the sea space in the region. 

•  Increased  financial  support:  EU  financial  assistance  for  Georgia  will  be  available  to 
support  the  actions  identified  in  the  present  document.  The  Commission  is  furthermore 
proposing  a  new  European  Neighbourhood  and  Partnership  Instrument  (ENPI)  for  this 
purpose which will cover the main part of EU financial assistance and will include aspects 
of cross-border and trans-national cooperation. The Commission also intends to propose an 
extension of the EIB mandate to Georgia as of 2007; 

•  Possibilities  of  gradual  opening  of  reinforced  participation  in  certain  Community 

programmes, promoting cultural, educational, environmental and scientific links. 

•  Support including through financial, technical assistance and twinning to meet EU norms 
and  standards,  and  targeted  advice  and  support  for  legislative  approximation  through  a 
mechanism such as TAIEX; 

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•  Establish a dialogue, in accordance with the acquis, on matters related to the movement of 

people between the EU and Georgia; 

•  In light of the fulfilment of the objectives of this Action Plan and of the overall evolution 
of EU-Georgia relations, consideration will be given in due time to the possibility of a new 
enhanced contractual relationship.  

3. 

PRIORITIES FOR ACTION 

The  Action  Plan  sets  out  a  set  of  priorities  in  areas  within  and  beyond  the  scope  of  the 
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement. Among these priorities, all of which are important, 
particular attention should be given to the following areas and specific actions. 

Priority area 1: 

Strengthen  rule  of  law  especially  through  reform  of  the  judicial  system,  including  the 
penitentiary  system,  and  through  rebuilding  state  institutions.  Strengthen  democratic 
institutions  and  respect  for  human  rights  and  fundamental  freedoms  in  compliance  with 
international commitments of Georgia (PCA, Council of Europe, OSCE, UN). 

Specific actions: 

–  Reform of the whole judicial system in line with European standards notably through the 
implementation of the reform strategy for the criminal justice system, developed with the 
assistance of EUJUST Themis, including: 

–  ensuring  proper  separation  of  powers,  independence  and  impartiality  of  the 

judiciary, prosecution, police and law enforcement agencies; 

–  improvement of training of judges, prosecutors, and officials in judiciary, Ministry 
of  Justice  administration,  police  and  prisons,  in  particular  with  regard  to  the 
human rights issues and judicial internal cooperation; 

–  improved access to justice notably through the establishment of an effective legal 

aid system;  

–  penitentiary and probation service; 

–  system of execution of Court decisions; 

–  Adopt a new Criminal Procedural Code (by 2007); 

–  Implement the recommendations of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture 
and  Inhuman  or  Degrading  Treatment  or  Punishment,  notably  to  improve  detention 
conditions. 

–  Adopt  a  public  service  reform  strategy  and  legislation  for  the  civil  service  in  order  to 

improve good governance and transparency. 

–  Develop a functioning civil register (by end 2009); 

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–  ensure the local (2006), parliamentary (2008) and presidential (2009) elections in Georgia 
are  conducted  in  accordance  with  international  standards,  through  implementation  of 
OSCE/ODIHR and Council of Europe recommendations, notably regarding the need for a 
reliable voter registry and a functioning and transparent electoral commission; 

–  finalise and implement a strategy and programme for local government reform (the “Law 

on Self Governance”), in accordance with Council of Europe recommendations; 

–  Ensure implementation of the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention Against Torture. 

Priority area 2: 

Improve  the  business  and  investment  climate,  including  a  transparent  privatisation  process, 
and continue the fight against corruption 

Specific actions : 

–  Develop and implement a comprehensive programme to improve the business climate, in 
particular  to  improve  the  conditions  to  starting  a  business,  hiring  and  firing  workers, 
registering property, getting credit, protecting investors, enforcing contracts, and closing a 
business; 

–  Adopt  (in  2006)  and  implement  a  new  Customs  Code  in  line  with  EU  and  international 

standards;  

–  Adopt and implement the necessary implementing provisions to the revised Customs Code 
in order to simplify and streamline customs procedures and to address the issue of customs 
ethics in line with EU and international standards;  

–  Set up a mechanism to ensure regular consultation/information of the trade community on 

import and export regulations and procedures;  

–  Strengthen the overall administrative capacity of the customs administration, in particular 
to increase transparency of customs rules and tariffs, to ensure the correct implementation 
of customs valuation rules, to implement the principles of risk based customs control and 
post  clearance  control  ;  provide  the  customs  administration  with  sufficient  internal  or 
external laboratory expertise as well as sufficient operational capacity in the IT area; 

–  Continue the modernisation, simplification and computerisation of the tax administration. 
Ensure  the  smooth  enforcement  of  the  new  Tax  Code  also  by  defining  all  necessary 
administrative  structures  and  procedures,  including  a  fiscal  control  strategy,  audit  and 
investigation methods, co-operation with the tax payers and tax compliance;  

–  Ensure the implementation of the recently approved National Anti-Corruption Strategy by 
2009 ; ensure active participation of civil society in monitoring implementation ; regularly 
assess impact and progress made ; 

–  pursue transparent privatisation process both as regards divestiture and use of privatisation 

proceeds; 

–  establish  the  necessary  administrative  capacities  to  ensure  an  effective  and  transparent 

licences system. 

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Priority area 3: 

Encourage economic development and enhance poverty reduction efforts and social cohesion, 
promote  sustainable  development  including  the  protection  of  the  environment;  further 
convergence of economic legislation and administrative practices.  

Specific actions: 

–  Maintain  macroeconomic  stability  by  implementing  prudent  monetary  and  fiscal  policies 
including  through  ensuring  the  independence  of  the  National  Bank  of  Georgia;  further 
improve  strategic  planning  of  expenditures  through  a  Medium  Term  Expenditure 
Framework; 

–  Conduct a systematic review and revision of the government’s reform strategy document, 

with particular emphasis on poverty reduction; 

–  Continue  reforms 

implementing  a 
comprehensive  Medium-Term  Expenditure  Framework  consistent  with  the  Georgian 
government strategy;  

in  public  finance  management, 

including  by 

–  Develop a Research and Innovation policy directly relevant to the sustainable and equitable 

economic development policy objectives of Georgia; 

–  Undertake reform of the social assistance and health care sectors including establishing an 

effective legal base and effective management systems; 

–  Further reform efforts in the field of education to promote human resources development; 

–  Foster co-operation with the aim of reforming higher education sector in the context of the 

Bologna Process; 

–  Reinforce  participation  of  Georgian  scientists/students/academics  in  international  and 
exchange  programmes  such  as  TEMPUS,  Erasmus  Mundus,  Marie  Curie,  Jean  Monnet, 
European Community Framework Programmes (FP6; FP7); 

–  Encourage  life-long  and  life-wide  learning  opportunities  as  well  as  further  the  reform 
efforts in the field of education, science and training to promote sustainable development 
of human resources and human capital; 

–  Develop  special  programmes  of  education  for  public  servants  (primarily  for  civic 

integration).  

–  Reform science management system through appropriate regulatory framework, financing 
model  and  governance  based  on  scientific  excellence,  capacity-building  and  joint 
initiatives. 

–  Foster  the  development  of  education,  information  and  communication  programmes  and 

technologies. 

–  Strengthen  administrative  structures  and  procedures  to  ensure  strategic  planning  of 

environment issues and coordination between relevant actors. 

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–  Improve the quality in statistics; 

–  Jointly  explore  options  for  further  enhancing  bilateral  trade  relations,  including  the 
possible  establishment  of  a  free  trade  agreement  between  the  EU  and  Georgia.  In  this 
context, the Commission will undertake a feasibility study which will also look at regional 
trade and economic integration aspects; 

–  To co-operate in the area of food safety; 

–  Ensure  effective  cooperation  in  order  to  establish  and  strengthen  in  Georgia  a  modern 
institutional  system  of  technical  regulation,  standardisation,  accreditation,  metrology, 
conformity assessment and market surveillance. 

Priority area 4: 

Enhance  cooperation  in  the  field  of  justice,  freedom  and  security,  including  in  the  field  of 
border management 

Specific actions: 

Border management 

–  Develop  a  comprehensive  border  management  strategy  in  cooperation  with  the  EUSR 
(implementation  date:  by  2006)  and  cooperate  on  border  issues  in  the  context  of  the 
activities of the EUSR Support Team based in Tbilisi under the EU Special Representative 
for the Southern Caucasus ; 

–  Ratify  and  implement  the  UN  Convention  against  trans-national  organised  crime  and  its 
three protocols (“Palermo Protocols”) on smuggling of migrants and trafficking of persons; 
sign,  ratify  and  implement  the  UN  protocol  on  illicit  manufacturing  and  trafficking  of 
firearms; 

–  Georgia  to  fulfil  its  commitments  on  border  management  reforms  (increase  budget, 
integration  of  the  Georgian  State  Border  Guard  Department  into  the  MoI,  reform  of  the 
Ministry of the Interior, notably in the fields of human resources and management, etc); 

–  continue EU-Georgia cooperation on Border Management issues ; 

–  Develop a dialogue on fight against terrorism and organized crime, trafficking, illegal arms 

trading. 

Migration management (readmission, visas, asylum) 

–  Develop cooperation on migration and asylum issues; 

–  Establish  a  dialogue  on  matters  related  to  the  movement  of  people  including  on 

readmission and visa issues; 

–  Take  steps  to  modernise  the  national  refugee  system  in  line  with  international  and 
European  standards  and  an  IDP  protection  system  that  is  self-sustaining  and  that  offers 
integration opportunities for those who qualify.  

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Priority area 5: 

Strengthen regional cooperation  

Specific actions : 

–  Enhance participation in regional cooperation initiatives in the Black Sea region, including 
the Southern Caucasus, e.g. environment, education, border management, transport as well 
as in the parliamentary sphere ; 

–  Continue  cooperation 

the  Energy,  Transport  and  Science  and  Technological 
development  fields  in  the  context  of  the  EU/Black  Sea/Caspian  littoral  states  and 
neighbouring countries initiative ; 

in 

–  Strengthen Georgia participation in regional law enforcement cooperation initiatives in the 
Black Sea region, including the Southern Caucasus, as well as through EC-funded regional 
assistance initiatives such as SCAD; 

–  Support the Caucasus Regional Environmental Centre in meeting its objective to promote 
co-operation between Governmental and non-Governmental actors in the region, as well as 
enhance participation in its work ;  

–  Enhance  bilateral  and  multilateral  cooperation  in  the  Black  Sea  region  and  between  the 

Black Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Caspian Sea regions; 

–  Enhance  youth  exchanges  and  cooperation  among  the  Black  Sea  States,  including  the  S. 

Caucasus countries. 

Priority area 6: 

Promote peaceful resolution of internal conflicts 

Specific actions: 

–  Contribute  to  the  conflicts  settlement  in  Abkhazia,  Georgia  and  Tskinvali  Region/South 
Ossetia,  Georgia,  based  on  respect  of  the  sovereignty  and  territorial  integrity  of  Georgia 
within its internationally recognised borders; 

–  enhanced efforts at confidence building; 

–  consideration  of  further  economic  assistance  in  light  of  the  progress  in  the  conflict 

settlement process; 

–  contribute  actively,  and 

the  process  of 
demilitarisation and of conflict resolution on the basis of the Peace Plan supported by the 
OSCE ministerial Council in Ljubljana in December 2005; 

in  any  relevant  forum, 

to  accelerating 

–  The EU points to the need to increase the effectiveness of the negotiating mechanisms. The 
work of the Joint Control Commission should be measured by the rapid implementation of 
all  outstanding  agreements  previously  reached  and  in  particular  by  the  start  of 
demilitarisation; 

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–  The  EU  stresses  the  need  for  a  constructive  cooperation  between  interested  international 
actors  in  the  region,  including  the  EU  and  OSCE  Member  States,  on  additional  efforts 
contributing  to  peaceful  settlement  mechanisms  in  Tskinvali  Region/S.  Ossetia  and 
Abhkazia; 

–  Include  the  issue  of  territorial  integrity  of  Georgia  and  settlement  of  Georgia's  internal 

conflicts in EU-Russia political dialogue meetings.  

Priority area 7: 

Cooperation on Foreign and Security Policy 

–  Enhance  EU-Georgia  cooperation  on  Common  Foreign  and  Security  Policy,  including 

European Security and Defence Policy; 

–  Georgia  may  be  invited,  on  a  case  by  case  basis,  to  align  itself  with  EU  positions  on 

regional and international issues. 

–  Develop possibilities for enhanced EU – Georgian consultations on crisis management.  

Priority area 8: 

Transport and Energy 

Take into consideration the transit potential of Georgia as well as its interconnection with the 
transport and energy networks of the European Union in order to ensure effective cooperation 
in  the  areas  of  energy  and  transport  between  the  EU  and  the  states  in  the  Black  Sea  and 
Caspian regions in the framework of the “Baku Initiative”. 

Transport 

–  Cooperation  addressing  the  issues  of  transport  security  and  safety,  interoperability, 
promotion  of  multi-modal  services,  efficiency  of  freight  transport  and  simplification  of 
border crossing procedures in line with the recommendations of the High Level Group on 
Transport; 

–  Develop  intensive  cooperation  in  order  to  ensure  the  gradual  inclusion  of  Georgia  in  the 
Trans European Networks (TENs) in line with the recommendations High Level Group on 
Transport; 

–  With a view of regional integration encourage development of Georgia’s transit role; 

–  Further support TRACECA process. 

Energy 

–  Continue  cooperation  on  Caspian  and  Black  Sea  regional  energy  issues  (  oil,  gas, 
electricity)  in  the  context  of  the  follow  up  to  the  EU-Black  Sea-Caspian  Basin  energy 
Ministerial Conference of November 2004 as well as INOGATE. 

–  With a view to regional integration and progressive integration with the EU energy market 
and  system  and  Georgia’s  role  as  energy  transit  country,  encourage  the  development  of 

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diversified  infrastructure  connected  to  development  of  Caspian  energy  resources  and 
facilitate transit. 

Progress  in  meeting  these  priorities  will  be  monitored  in  the  bodies  established  by  the 
Partnership and Cooperation Agreement and the European Commission will issue a mid-term 
report  on  progress  accomplished.  On  the  basis  of  this  assessment,  the  EU,  together  with 
Georgia,  will  review  the  content  of  the  Action  Plan  and  may  decide  on  its  adaptation  as 
necessary. The Commission will issue a further report towards the end of the five years period 
and  on  this  basis,  decisions  may  be  taken  on  the  next  step  in  the  development  of  bilateral 
relations, including the possibility of new contractual links.  

4. 

GENERAL OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS 

These  further  actions  complement,  in  many  cases,  the  specific  priorities  for  action  listed 
above. 

4.1. 

Political dialogue and reform 

4.1.1.  Democracy and the rule of law, human rights and fundamental freedoms 

Strengthening  the  stability  and  effectiveness  of  institutions  guaranteeing  democracy  and  the 
rule of law  

Reform of the judicial system 

–  Further improvement of the system of plea bargaining; 

–  Development of effective statistics in the criminal justice sector. 

–  To enhance further development of forensic field. 

Civil service reform 

–  Continue  to  develop  and  implement  reform  of  public  administration  with  a  view  to  its 
modernisation,  accountability  and  transparency;  strengthening  of  the  already  functioning 
training centres; 

Fight against corruption 

–  Accede to the UN Convention on Corruption, and the relevant articles of UNTOC, ratify 
the Council of Europe Criminal Law Convention on Corruption, ensure that the domestic 
legislation  is  in  line  with  the  above  mentioned  international  instruments,  the  Civil  Law 
Convention  on  Corruption  and  the  OECD  Convention  on  combating  bribery  of  Foreign 
Public Officials in International Business Transactions; 

–  Continue  to  develop  and  implement  specific  anti-corruption  measures  within  the  law 
enforcement  agencies  (police,  State  border  service  and  judiciary),  including  the 
development  of  Code  of  Ethics  for  prosecutors  and  judges  and  implementation  of  the 
European  Code  of  Police  Ethics,  as  adopted  by  the  Council  of  Europe  Committee  of 
Ministers on 19 September 2001; 

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–  Ensure progress in implementing the recommendations of the Council of Europe Group of 

States against Corruption (GRECO). 

Strengthening democratic institutions  

–  Strengthening of the Georgian parliament, particularly in the fulfilment of its oversight role 
(including in the security and defence sector). Establish clear rules regarding lobbying and 
conflicts of interest; 

–  Raise the level of legal expertise and law-screening in the processes  of harmonization of 

Georgian legislation with the European standards. 

–  Encourage  greater  political  pluralism:  strengthen  the  role  and  functioning  of  political 

parties in Georgia; 

Ensuring respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms 

–  Ensure freedom of the media. Encourage proper implementation of the Law of Georgia on 

Broadcasting and the Law of Georgia on Freedom of Speech and Expression; 

–  Further improvement of the legal basis and practice in the sphere of detention, in particular 
pre-trial detention, to prevent torture and ill-treatment of detainees: implement the National 
Action Plan against Torture; 

–  Ensure  respect  for  rights  of  persons  belonging  to  national  minorities;  sign  and  ratify 

European Charter for regional or Minority Languages;  

–  Develop  and  implement  a  civic  integration  strategy  and  ensure  its  implementation, 

including creation of appropriate monitoring instruments;  

–  Enhance  the  role  and  independence  of  the  Public  Defender/Ombudsman  institution  in 

accordance with the “Paris Principles”.  

–  Continue  efforts  to  create  conditions  of  safety  and  security  for  the  civilian  population, 
including respect for property rights, focusing on those areas which are mostly populated 
by Georgian citizens of various ethnic origins.  

–  Continue  efforts  to  ensure  implementation  of  the  standards  set  in  the  European  Social 
Charter and ensure trade union rights and core labour standards in accordance with relevant 
ILO conventions as ratified by Georgia; 

–  Continue efforts to ensure the equality of men and women in society and economic life. 

–  Ensure the protection of the rights of conscripts, including by facilitating the introduction 

of civil supervision and monitoring of the armed forces; 

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4.1.2.  Cooperation  on  foreign  and  security  policy,  conflict  prevention  and  crisis 

management 

Strengthen political dialogue and cooperation on foreign and security matters  

–  Continue and develop EU-Georgia political dialogue on regional and international issues, 
including  in  the  framework  of  the  Council  of  Europe,  OSCE  and  the  UN,  and  on  the 
implementation of the European Security Strategy; 

–  Develop cooperation on sanctions issued by the EU, including arms embargoes; 

–  Develop an enhanced political dialogue and regular exchange of information on Common 

Foreign and Security Policy including European Security and Defence Policy; 

–  Sign and Ratify the Agreement on Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal 

Court; 

–  Fight against international crime in accordance with international law, giving due regard to 

preserving the integrity of the Rome Statute. 

Further  develop  co-operation  in  addressing  common  security  threats,  including  non-
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and illegal arms exports  

–  Cooperate  on  non-proliferation  of  weapons  of  mass  destruction,  their  means  of  delivery 
and ballistic missiles, including through implementing UNSC resolution 1540/04, ensuring 
full compliance with and national implementation of existing international obligations and 
promoting the accession to and implementation of other relevant international instruments 
and export control regimes; 

–  In  this  context,  continue  the  existing  dialogue  on  our  joint  policy  of  non  proliferation 
through enhancing the present cooperation between researchers being involved in activities 
aimed at helping the former weapon of mass destruction scientists and engineers to redirect 
their talents to civilian and sustainable activities in the context of the ISTC/STCU. 

–  Further develop co-operation in the prevention of and fight against the illicit trafficking of 

materials that are used in the manufacture of WMD; 

–  Cooperate  on  developing  effective  systems  of  national  export  control,  controlling  export 
and transit of WMD related goods, including WMD end-use control on dual use of goods 
and technologies, and effective sanctions for breaches of export controls; 

–  Improve  overall  co-ordination  in  the  non-proliferation  area  and  examine  specific  threats 
related  to  WMD  which  undermine  regional  security  and  the  scope  of  co-operation  in 
addressing them; 

–  Cooperate  on  implementing  the  provisions  of  the  OSCE  Document  on  SALW,  OSCE 
Document on Stockpiles of Conventional Ammunition and OSCE Best Practice Guide on 
SALW;  

–  Improve internal legislation in line with the EU Code of Conduct on Arms Exports; 

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–  As soon as the conditions permit, accede to the 1997 Ottawa Convention on the Prohibition 
of  the  Use,  Stockpiling,  Production  and  transfer  of  Anti-Personnel  Mines  and  on  their 
Destruction]. 

Strengthen efforts and cooperation in the fight against terrorism 

–  Strengthen EU-Georgia co-operation in the fight against and prevention of terrorism; 

–  Cooperate  to  reinforce  the  role  of  the  UN  in  the  multilateral  fight  against  terrorism, 
including  through  implementation  of  UNSC  Resolutions  1373/01,  1267/99,  1566/04, 
1624/05  through  implementation  of  all  relevant  UN  Conventions,  including  the  UN 
Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism.  

–  Promote  signing,  ratifying  and  implementing  the  thirteen  anti-terrorism  conventions 
without  reservations,  and  cooperate  with  a  view  of  agreeing  on  a  Comprehensive 
Convention on Combating terrorism. 

–  Work  towards  the  establishment  of  an  information  exchange  system  between  relevant 

judicial bodies and law enforcement agencies of the EU Member States and Georgia;  

–  Implement the standards laid down in the FATF’s recommendations on terrorist financing;  

–  Ensure respect for human rights in the fight against terrorism. 

4.1.3.  Regional Cooperation 

Participation in regional cooperation initiatives 

–  Enhance  and  develop  new  areas  of  cooperation  in  the  Black  Sea  region  including  the 
Southern Caucasus, including through EU-funded regional assistance initiatives detailed in 
relevant  sectors  of  this  Action  Plan  e.g.  environment,  education  and  science,  border 
management, as well as the parliamentary dimension; 

–  Encourage  process  of  improving  relations  with  Russia:  adoption/implementation  of 
bilateral treaty; cooperation on resolution of conflicts; border delimitation and cooperation 
in border management; promotion of stable economic cooperation.  

–  Continue  to  participate  in  the  Southern  Caucasus  Parliamentary  Initiative  with  a  view  to 

forming a full Southern Caucasus parliamentary process.  

4.2. 

Cooperation for the settlement of Georgia’s internal conflicts 

Promote  sustained  efforts  towards  the  peaceful  resolution  of  the  conflict  in  Tskhinvali 
region/South Ossetia, Georgia 

–  enhance  EU-Georgia  political  dialogue  on,  and  contribute  to,  the  settlement  of  the 
Georgian  internal  conflict  in  Tskhinvali  region/South  Ossetia,  Georgia  respecting  the 
sovereignty and territorial integrity of Georgia; 

–  implementation  of  demilitarization  agreements  and  intensification  of  work  in  the  Joint 

Commission Control (JCC);  

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–  Georgia to enhance its confidence-building efforts; 

–  Support the active involvement of civil society in the conflict resolution efforts; 

–  EU  to  contribute  to  further  confidence  building  and  economic  assistance  in  light  of 

progress in settlement process. 

–  continue  to  develop  the  role  of  the  EUSR  for  the  South  Caucasus  in  conflict  resolution, 

within his mandate; 

–  EU  to  enhance  support  for  OSCE  efforts  and  work  in  the  JCC  framework,  including 

through promoting the return of refugees and internally displaced persons; 

–  Include  the  issue  of  settlement  of  internal  conflict  in  Tskhinvali  region/South  Ossetia, 

Georgia, in EU-Russia political dialogue meetings; 

Promote sustained efforts towards peaceful resolution of the conflict in Abkhazia, Georgia. 

–  Enhance EU-Georgia political dialogue on, and contribute to, the settlement of the conflict 
in Abkhazia, Georgia respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Georgia within 
its internationally recognized borders; 

–  Georgia to enhance its confidence-building efforts; 

–  EU to step up support to UN in Geneva process; 

–  EU to consider further confidence building and economic assistance in light of progress in 

settlement process; 

–  Support the active involvement of civil society in the conflict resolution efforts; 

–  Include  the  issue  of  settlement  of  internal  conflict  in  Abkhazia,  Georgia  in  EU-Russia 

political dialogue meetings; 

–  EU  to  enhance  support  for  the  UN  and  the  OSCE  in  order  for  them  to  carry  out  the 

implementation of their mandate, including in the field of HR; 

4.3. 

Cooperation in the field of Justice, Freedom and Security 

Enhance dialogue and cooperation on justice, freedom and security issues 

–  Establish  a  Sub-Committee  on  Justice,  Freedom  and  Security  in  the  framework  of  the 

PCA. 

4.3.1.  Cooperation on border management 

Develop an efficient and comprehensive border management system 

–  Enhance inter-agency cooperation among State authorities involved in border management 
as  well  as  cooperation  with  neighboring  countries,  including  proper  border  delimitation, 
demarcation  and  control.  Full  implementation  of  existing  and  planned  multilateral  and 
bilateral border cooperation agreements and protocols. 

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–  Develop  a  comprehensive  education  and  training  strategy  on  border  management  for  the 
relevant Georgian agencies, including improved understanding of the Schengen rules and 
standards;  

–  Enhance  the  efficiency  of  Georgian  relevant  authorities  (Police,  State  Border  Service, 
Customs) notably through providing modern equipment, adequate infrastructure, facilities 
and appropriate training in order to increase the security of the Georgian borders and the 
effectiveness of border crossing checkpoints; 

–  Adopt  and  implement  a  strategy  for  an  integrated  system  of  border  management 

(implementation date 2007); 

–  Continue cooperation with the team based in Tbilisi under the EU Special Representative 
for the Southern Caucasus including on issues related to Standard Operational Procedures 
(SOPs); 

Intensify 
neighbouring Countries 

trans-border  cooperation  between  Georgia,  The  EU  Member  States  and 

–  Elaboration  of  a  "BOMCA  type"  technical  assistance  programme  in  Southern  Caucasus 
region in order to develop regional cooperation between relevant law enforcement bodies 
(State Border Service, Police, Migration service and Customs) 

–  Develop  long-term  cooperation  strategy  for  fighting  against,  organized  crime  and 
trafficking, including radioactive materials sources and any other radioactive material; 

4.3.2.  Migration issues (legal, illegal, readmission, visa, asylum) 

Develop cooperation on migration issues 

–  Elaborate and start implementing a coherent, comprehensive and balanced national action 

plan on migration and asylum issues; 

–  Establish an electronic database for the monitoring of migration flows; 

–  Improve  coordination  between  relevant  national  agencies  dealing  with  migration; 

Exchange of information and possible cooperation on transit migration; 

–  Support training activities in the field of immigration and asylum;  

–  Make  all  possible  use  of  existing  Community  programmes  including  AENEAS  and  its 

successor, in order to support actions in the field of asylum and migration; 

Enhanced dialogue on migration issues including prevention and control of illegal migration 
and readmission of own nationals, stateless persons and third country nationals 

–  Exchange  of  information  and  best  practices  on  migration  and  asylum  issues  (entry  and 
stay,  integration,  Eurodac  system,  temporary  protection,  reception  conditions  for  asylum 
seekers, detention of illegal migrants), and illegal migration; 

–  strengthen  the  dialogue  and  cooperation  in  preventing  and  fighting  against  illegal 
migration,  which  could  possibly  lead  in  the  future  to  an  EC-Georgia  agreement  on 

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readmission; exchange of experience and expertise about the practical implications of such 
an agreement; 

–  Cooperation  on  reintegration  of  returned  asylum  seekers  and  illegal  migrants;  possible 

assistance to refugees. 

–  Develop  cooperation  with  international  organisations  and  relevant  agencies  of  main 

countries of origin, transit and destination in order to manage migration processes. 

Take steps to modernise the national refugee system in line with international standards and 
an IDP protection system that is self-sustaining and that offers integration opportunities for 
those who qualify  

–  Implement  the  principles  of  the  1951  Geneva  Convention  and  the  1967  Protocol; 
improvement  of  national  legislation  on  asylum  and  refugees  to  bring  it  in  line  with 
international  and  EU  standards;  Implement  standard  procedures  relating  to  treatment  of 
asylum applications, in accordance with EU and other international standards; Strengthen 
the capacity of the Ministry of Refugees and Accommodation, the Department for IDPs; 

–  Improve  protection  for  and  provide  assistance  to  IDPs  -  promote  integration  of  IDPs  in 
their  current  places  of  residence  e.g.  shelter  rehabilitation,  skill  transfer,  creation  of 
employment opportunities; 

Facilitate the movement of persons  

–  Exchange of information on visa issues;  

–  Cooperate  to  improve  security  of  travel  documents  and  visa  in  conformity  with 

international standards; 

–  Enhanced  dialogue  on  migration  issues  including:  i)  prevention  and  fight  against  illegal 
migration; ii) readmission of own nationals, stateless persons and third country nationals; 
iii) visa issues; 

4.3.3.  Fight  against  organised  crime,  trafficking  in  human  beings,  drugs  and  money-

laundering  

Strengthen efforts and co-operation in the fight against organised crime  

–  Continue  implementing  the  National  Action  Plan  for  Combating  the  Trafficking  of 

Persons.  

–  Sign and ratify protocol to the UN Convention on illicit manufacturing and trafficking of 

firearms; 

–  Cooperate with EU law enforcement agencies and international organizations in new crime 
areas,  e.g.  Information  and  Communication  Technology  related  crime,  in  particular  child 
pornography.  

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Reinforce the fight against trafficking in human beings, especially in women and children, (as 
well as activities to integrate victims of such trafficking) and smuggling of illegal migrants 

–  Implement  actions  recommended  by  OSCE  action  plan  to  combat  trafficking  in  Human 
Beings (approved in Maastricht December 2003, Chapters III, IV and V) and enhance co-
operation in the framework of relevant international organisations (OSCE, UN); 

–  Promote  regional  co-operation  between  relevant  law  enforcement  bodies  (police,  border 

guards, customs and judiciary); 

–  Develop mechanisms of protection, assistance and rehabilitation for victims  

Further  strengthen  the  fight  against  illicit  drug  trafficking,  including  precursors  diversion, 
and against drug abuse in particular through prevention and rehabilitation of drugs addicts 

–  Continue  implementing  the  1988  UN  Convention  on  Illicit  Traffic  of  Narcotic  and 

Psychotropic Substances; 

–  Reinforce  national  legislation  and  develop  a  national  anti-drug  strategy,  covering  drug 
supply  and  demand,  including  prevention  programmes  and  programmes  for  treatment  of 
drug addicts; Develop the capacity of relevant law enforcement authorities; 

–  Enhance  strategic  and  operational  cooperation  with  Black  Sea  and  Caspian  Sea  littoral 
neighbouring countries with a view to better intercept narcotics shipments originating from 
Afghanistan. 

Strengthen efforts and co-operation in the fight against money-laundering  

–  Fully implement the anti-money laundering law entered into force in 2004, including the 
effective  functioning  of  the  Financial  Monitoring  Service  (FMS),  and  of  the  National 
Money  laundering  prosecution  Unit;  where  necessary,  amend  the  legislation  to  bring  it 
fully in line with European and FATF standards; 

–  Strengthen co-operation between the Financial Monitoring Service of Georgia, the Central 
Bank,  financial  institutions,  international  financial  institutions  such  as  the  IMF,  World 
Bank, the IFC and the EBRD, and law enforcement agencies; 

–  Implement  the  1990  Council  of  Europe  Convention  on  Laundering,  Search,  Seizure  and 
Confiscation of the Proceeds of Crime and sign the new 2005 Convention on laundering, 
search,  seizure  and  confiscation  of  the  proceeds  from  crime  and  on  the  financing  of 
terrorism, which is its natural follow-up; Exchange information on the existing European 
structures and the existing system in Georgia as regards the fight against money laundering  

–  Enhancing the  inter-institutional data-base on suspicious transactions and set up a proper 

mechanism to freeze and confiscate the proceeds of crime; 

–  Promote application of effective sanctions against money laundering; 

–  Develop a training programme for the staff of the FMS Georgia, judges, prosecutors, and 

all other relevant personnel; 

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–  Intensify  co-operation  and  promote  exchange  of  information  among  law  enforcement 
agencies; intensify co-operation between Georgia and international organizations, such as 
Moneyval, FATF-style regional bodies - Egmont group and the Eurasian group- and other 
relevant  international  institutions,  as  well  as  with  corresponding  services  of  EU  Member 
states and specialized bodies at European level. 

4.3.4.  Police and judicial co-operation 

Develop international and regional judicial and law enforcement cooperation 

–  Fully  implement  relevant  international  conventions  on  cooperation  in  criminal  and  civil 
law,  in  particular  by  signing,  ratifying  and  implementing  the  Second  Protocol  to  the 
European Convention on Mutual Assistance on Criminal Matters; fully implementing the 
1980 Hague Convention on Child Abduction; Improving inter-agency and international co-
operation,  in  particular  by  enhancing  law  enforcement  cooperation  with  neighbouring 
States in the Black Sea region and in the Caspian Sea region. 

Further  develop  co-operation  between  Georgia  and  EU  Member  State  judicial  and  law 
enforcement authorities 

–  Establish a network of contact points with EU Member States judicial and law enforcement 

authorities with a view to develop cooperation and exchange information;  

–  Exchange  information  on  best  practices  in  judicial  co-operation  between  EU  Member 

States and Georgia; 

–  Develop  co-operation  between  Georgia  law  enforcement  agencies  and  EUROPOL  in 

accordance with the Europol Convention and the relevant Council decisions; 

–  Implement the 1981 Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with 

regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data. 

4.4. 

Economic and social reform, poverty reduction and sustainable development 

Continue to pursue prudent macro-economic policies in cooperation with IFIs 

–  Maintain macroeconomic stability by implementing prudent monetary and fiscal policies; 
Ensure independence of the National Blank of Georgia; Further improve strategic planning 
of capital expenditures; 

–  Improve  tax  collection  to  ensure  sustainable  revenue  basis  to  finance  Government 

priorities; 

–  Reduce quasi-fiscal losses and address energy sector’s legacy debt.  

Take significant steps to reduce levels of poverty 

–  Introduce  effective  poverty  reduction  measures  aimed  at  significant  reduction  in  the 
number  of  people  with  income  below  the  poverty  line  and  improved  social  cohesion, 
including  sustainable  systems  for  education,  health  and  other  social  services  with  access 
for all; 

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–  Continue  reform  of  the  social  security  system  notably  to  improve  targeting  and 
effectiveness of social protection measures and social assistance particularly child care; 

–  Continue  reforms  in  the  education  and  health  sectors,  and  ensure  transparency  and 

accountability of the reformed (former budgetary) organisations; 

–  Undertake effective monitoring of service delivery. 

Enhance agricultural production and rural development 

–  Adopt and implement the agriculture development strategy 2006 -2009 providing for: i) the 
structural, institutional, legal and administrative support necessary in order to complete the 
process  of  land  privatisation  and  liberalisation  of  land  markets;  ii)  encouraging  the 
diversification of rural activity including development of rural tourism; 

–  Foster  the  development,  promotion  and  protection  of  quality  production,  (traditional 

products, organic products, geographical indications, etc.); 

–  Exchange of experience on best practices and use of international and EU standards;  

–  Identify  and  develop  measures  to  improve  (i)  access  to  credit  facilities,  as  to  encourage 
private  investment  in  the  agricultural  sector,  (ii)  access  to  local  and  export  markets,  and 
(iii) knowledge transfer and extension services; 

Improve  market  economy  functioning  and  strengthen  economic  growth  through  structural 
reforms 

–  Undertake operational improvements in enterprises that will remain under state ownership; 

–  Ensure  transparent  reporting  of  revenue  from  oil  and  gas  transit  fees  through  BTC  and 

BTE. 

Promotion of sustainable development 

–  Identify steps to establish and implement the national strategy on sustainable development; 

–  ensure  strategic  planning  of  sustainable  development  and  coordination  between  relevant 

actors; 

–  Take  steps  to  improve  integration  of  environmental  considerations  into  other  policy 

sectors. 

4.5. 

Trade-related issues, market and regulatory reform 

4.5.1.  Movement of goods 

Trade Relations 

–  Enhance  EU-Georgia  bilateral  trade  through  implementation  of  Georgia’s  relevant  PCA 
obligations.  Monitor  compliance  with  WTO  rules  and  capacity  building  on  international 
trade; 

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–  Increase  compliance  with  relevant  industrial  standards,  SPS  and  veterinary  norms  with  a 
view  to  increasing  benefits  from  the  Generalized  System  of  Preferences  and  thereby 
improving Georgia’s export performance. 

Agriculture 

–  Initiate a dialogue to explore the possibility for the negotiation of a bilateral agreement on 

geographical indications, including in the wine and spirits sector.  

Customs 

–  Reinforce customs controls on imports and exports of pirated or counterfeit goods;  

–  Develop an integrated border management strategy by strengthening co-operation between 

customs and other agencies working at the border;  

–  Develop  EU-Georgia  co-operation  with  regard  to  risk-based  customs  control  ensuring 
safety  and  security  of  goods  imported,  exported  or  in  transit  and  define  standards  for 
certification  of  operators  (exporters  and 
in  commercial 
exchanges.  

transporters) 

intervening 

Standards, 
harmonised areas) 

technical  regulations  and  conformity  assessment  procedures 

(EU 

Move  toward  EU  and  international  legislative  and  administrative  practices  for  standards, 
technical regulations and conformity assessment  

–  Ensure  effective  cooperation  in  order  to  establish  and  strengthen  in  Georgia  a  modern 
institutional system of technical regulation, standardisation, metrology and accreditation. 

–  Integrate the institutions in charge of standardisation, accreditation, conformity assessment, 
metrology and market surveillance to the extent possible within European and international 
structures; 

–  Develop market surveillance capacities based on the practice of EU Member States; 

–  Jointly identify priority industrial sectors for possible legislative approximation, including 
through consultations with producers and exporters; continue efforts for the completion of 
the  process  of  translating  relevant  EU  standards  and  technical  regulations  into  Georgian; 
Cooperation in creating etalon laboratories of international classification in order to ensure 
a  compatibility  with  international  system  of  measurements;  harmonise  the  necessary 
legislation with EU technical legislation in the priority sectors; 

–  Optimize  procedures  of  conformity  assessment  of  industrial  products,  with  the  aim  of 
avoiding compulsory certification of low risk products and repeat testing and introduction 
of European Modules of conformity assessment. 

Restrictions and streamlined administration (EU non-harmonised areas) 

–  Analyse legislation and administrative procedures with a view to identifying and, if need 
be, progressively removing discrimination and restrictions against imported products;  

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–  Designate  a  central  contact  point  to  facilitate  information  flows  and  co-operation  with 

economic operators. 

Sanitary and phyto-sanitary issues 

Increase food safety for consumers and facilitate trade through reforms and modernisation of 
the sanitary and phyto-sanitary services. 

–  Continue work towards full implementation of the WTO Agreement on the Application of 
Sanitary  and  Phyto-sanitary  measures  and  active  participation  in  relevant  international 
bodies  (World  Organisation  for  Animal  Health  (OIE),  FAO/WHO/Codex  Alimentarius, 
and IPPC/FAO after adhesion); 

–  Exchange  information  on  and  explore  possible  areas  of  convergence  with  EU  rules  and 
practices  in  the  field  of  sanitary  and  phyto-sanitary  issues  (e.g.  policy,  legislation, 
strengthening of institutions, implementing practices); 

–  Adhere to the International Plant Protection Convention; 

–  In the medium-term, draw up a first list of measures for gradual convergence towards EU 
general food safety principles and requirements (e.g. regulation 178/2002/EC; animal and 
plant or plant products identification and traceability systems; hygiene in food processing). 
Start approximation of Georgian legislation in these areas; 

–  Fulfillment of EU requirements on animal health and for the processing of animal products 
(c.f.:  “General  Guidance  for  third  country  authorities  on  the  procedures  to  be  followed 
when  importing  live  animals  and  animal  products  into  the  European  Union”,  DG 
SANCO/FVO October 2003); 

–  Work  towards  interconnection  with  the  EU  Rapid  Alert  System  for  Food  and  Feed 

(RASFF).  

4.5.2.  Right of establishment, Company Law and Services 

Right of establishment and Company Law  

Full  implementation  of  PCA  commitments  in  title  IV,  Chapter  II  (Conditions  affecting 
establishment  and  operation  of  companies)  and  Title  VI,  art.  49  (Investment  promotion  and 
protection)  

–  Progressively abolish barriers to establishment, including to foreign investment; 

–  Ensure  full  application  of  the  best  endeavor  standstill  clause  so  that  the  conditions  for 
establishment of companies are not more restrictive than when the PCA was concluded; 

–  In  line  with  EU  standards,  improve  the  registration  process  for  companies,  notably  by 
strengthening  administrative  structures  involved  in  company  registration;  facilitate 
establishment, in particular with regards to access to companies’ basic legal and financial 
information,  transparency  of  legislation,  etc.  Continue  simplification  of  licensing 
requirements;  

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–  Converge  with  and  ensure  effective  implementation  of  key  principles  on  company  law, 

accounting and auditing in relevant international and EU rules and standards; 

–  Improve  consistency  and  predictability  in  the  administrative  and  judicial  authorities 

responsible for oversight of company law and related investment conditions; 

–  Review Georgia’s law and practice relating to bankruptcy; 

–  Continue  improving  corporate  governance  legislation  in  line  with  international  standards 

and ensure its effective implementation.  

Services 

Gradual abolition of restrictions to progressively allow the supply of services between the EU 
and  Georgia  in  certain  sectors,  in  line  PCA  commitments  in  Title  IV,  Chapter  III  (Cross-
border supply of services) 

–  Complete  a  review  of  national  legislation  by  Georgia  so  as  to  identify  barriers  to  the 

provision of services with the aim of abolishing them; 

–  Establish  a  Business  Information  one-stop-shop  with  the  aim  of  facilitating  provision  of 

services to the private sector. 

Financial services 

Continue reform of financial services sector, including development of a securities market 

–  Give  a  proper  consideration  to  the  recommendations  of  the  IMF/WB  FSAP  (Financial 

Sector Assessment Program) of 2006; 

–  Enhancement of a prudential regulatory framework for financial services and supervision 

equivalent to that existing in the EU; 

–  Ensure  effective  functioning  of  independent  supervisory  authorities  in  accordance  with 

internationally recognised standards. 

4.5.3.  Movement of capital and current payments 

Ensure  full  application  of  PCA  commitments  under  Chapter  V  (Current  Payments  and 
capital)  

–  Ensure the free movement of capital relating to direct investment made in companies and 
other investments made in accordance with the provisions on Establishment (Chapter II of 
Title IV of PCA); 

–  Ensure  the  protection  of  such  foreign  investments  and  the  liquidation  and  repatriation  of 

profits and capital.  

–  Exchange  information  about  the  present  legal  and  regulatory  regime  as  concerns  capital 

movement; 

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–  Consider  progressive  facilitation  of  capital  movements  other  than  those  relating  to  direct 

investments. 

4.5.4.  Movement of persons including movement of workers  

Full implementation of commitments under Article 20 of PCA (labour conditions) 

–  Ensure  full  application  of  the  best  endeavour  clause  by  abolishing  all  discriminatory 
measures  based  on  nationality  which  affect  migrant  workers,  as  regards  working 
conditions, remuneration or dismissal. 

4.5.5.  Other key areas 

Taxation 

–  Complete the network of bilateral agreements between Georgia and EU Member States on 

avoidance of double taxation in line with the OECD Model Tax Convention; 

–  Initiate a dialogue on the principles of the EU Code of Conduct for Business Taxation with 
a view to ensuring fair conditions for Georgia in its future process of integration into the 
internal market. 

Competition policy 

Anti-trust and control on state aids policy 

–  Ensure  enforcement  of  the  competition  law,  in  particular  by:  optimization  of  the 
administrative  capacity  enhancing  the  independence  of  the  Free  Trade  and  Competition 
Agency. 

Converge  with  EU  principles  on  Competition  according  to  Title  V  article  43  and  44  of  the 
Partnership and Co-operation Agreement 

–  Examine the possibility of establishing further transparency as regards State aid granted in 
Georgia,  in  particular  by  (i)  elaborating  general  rules  of  state  aid  and  (ii)  drawing  up 
annual reports on the amounts, types and recipients of aid.  

Intellectual and industrial property rights 

–  Ensure  full  conformity  of  IPR  legislation  with  PCA  obligations  and  TRIPS  requirements 

and its efficient enforcement; 

–  Ensure  proper  functioning  of  the  judicial  system  to  guarantee  access  to  justice  for  right-

holders and availability and effective implementation of sanctions; 

–  Consolidate  the  relevant  institutional  structures,  as  well  as  of  the  offices  for  industrial 
property rights, copyright protection and collecting societies. Extend cooperation with third 
country authorities and industry associations; 

–  Establish system of effective protection of geographical indication; 

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–  Take  measures  to  increase  public  awareness  in  the  field  of  intellectual  and  industrial 
property  protection.  Establish  an  efficient  system  of  use  of  patent  information  for 
enterprises. 

–  Increase resources dedicated to enforcement, including for the judicial system; 

–  Improve enforcement of the relevant conventions provided for by PCA Article 42(2); 

–  Conduct a study on piracy and counterfeiting in Georgia and ensure effective dialogue with 

rights holders.  

Public procurement 

–  Converge  with  and  effectively  implement  key  principles  in  the  EU  legislation  on  public 
procurement  (e.g.  transparency,  non-discrimination,  competition  and  access  to  legal 
recourse);  

–  Develop  conditions  for  open  and  competitive  award  of  contracts  between  the  parties,  in 

particular through calls for tenders, in line with Article 50 of the PCA; 

–  Improve the functioning of the current system through increased transparency, information 
provision,  access  to  legal  recourse,  awareness  and  training  among  contracting  authorities 
and business community, as well as the limited use of exceptions. 

Statistics 

–  Adoption of statistical methods fully compatible with European standards and advance the 
modernisation  of  the Department of Statistics of Georgia with the  view to strengthen  the 
independence and a sustainable functioning of official statistics. 

–  Elaborate  a  short  and  medium  term  development  strategy  of  official  statistics  for 
harmonisation  with  European  standards  in  the  relevant  statistical  areas  (in  particular 
national accounts, business statistics, external trade statistics etc), taking into account the 
process of gradual harmonization with EU standards. 

–  Take steps to restructure the regional  and local offices  of the Department of Statistics of 
Georgia to ensure an optimal balance between available resources and data quality needs;  

–  Improve the quality and coverage of the statistical business register. 

Public Internal Financial Control and related issues 

Sound management and control of public finances 

–  Promote  the  development  of  appropriate  administrative  capacity  to  prevent  and  fight 
effectively against fraud and other irregularities affecting national and international funds, 
including  the  establishment  of  well-functioning  co-operation  structures  involving  all 
relevant national entities; 

–  Ensure effective cooperation with the relevant EU Institutions and bodies in the case of on-

the-spot checks and inspections related to the management and control of EU funds; 

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–  Improve  public  finance  management  and  transparency, through upgrading of the existing 
Treasury Accounts Systems, appropriate audit of budget revenue and expenditures. Set up 
and implement an integrated informational system for public finance management. 

Public Internal Financial Control 

–  Develop  a  strategy  paper  for  the  public  internal  financial  control  system  (managerial 

accountability and internal audit); 

–  Develop legislative framework for public internal financial control; 

–  Pursue  gradual  harmonization  with  the  internationally  agreed  standards  (IIA,  INTOSAI, 
IFAC,  GFS-2001,)  and  methodologies,  as  well  as  with  EU  best  practices  for  the  control 
and audit of public income, expenditure, assets and liabilities; 

External Audit 

–  Continue  the  reform  of  the  Chamber  of  Control  in  line  with  the  internationally  accepted 

and EU best practice external audit standards (INTOSAI standards). 

Enterprise policy  

–  Create  a  favourable  environment  for  the  development  of  SMEs  in  accordance  with  the 
provisions  of  Art.  64  of  the  PCA  and  taking  into  account  enterprise  policy  priorities  in 
Georgia; 

–  Promote  the  exchange  of  information  and  of  best  practice  on  enterprise  and  industrial 
policy and associate Georgia to EU initiatives to stimulate competitiveness (e.g. exchange 
of information, participation in networks and studies, training);  

–  Explore the need and possible options for launching a dialogue on enterprise and industrial 

policy. 

4.6. 

Cooperation  in  specific  sectors:  including  transport,  energy,  environment, 
telecommunications, research and innovation 

4.6.1.  Transport 

–  Continue  implementation  and  refinement  of  the  national  sustainable  transport  policy  for 
the  development  of  all  modes  of  transport  and  related  infrastructure  as  well  as  where 
appropriate  approximation  of  legislative  and  regulatory  frameworks  with  European 
international standards, in particular for safety and security issues; 

–  Develop  an  infrastructure  strategy  (identifying  capacity  constraints,  lack  of  inter-modal 
equipment  and  missing  link  infrastructure)  in  order  to  identify  the  priority  infrastructure 
projects in various sectors;  

–  Develop  co-operation  in  satellite  navigation,  (including  joint  research  actions  and 

applications). 

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Implement selected measures and reforms in the road transport sector 

–  Develop and implement an action plan on road safety including the technical control/road 
worthiness  testing  of  vehicles  and  implementation  of  legislation  on  the  transport  of 
dangerous goods as well as improve control on movement of the overloaded vehicles; 

–  Ensure that international transport sector is regulated in terms of access to the profession; 
Introduce and ensure strict enforcement of mandatory driving times and rest periods in the 
international transport sector complying with international standards. 

Implement selected measures and reforms in the railway transport sector 

–  Improve  efficiency  of  freight  transport  services  (including  issues  of  border  crossing 

procedures). Promote multi-modal services, address issues of interoperability. 

–  Complete Restructuring of the railway sector;  

Implement selected measures and reforms in the aviation sector 

–  Sign and Implement the (horizontal) agreements on certain aspects of air services with the 

European Community; 

–  Promote regulatory approximation, including on safety and security issues; 

–  Increase  administrative  and  technical  capacity  to  comply  with  Joint  Aviation  Authorities 

(JAA) standards and obtain full JAA member status; 

–  Cooperation in the area of air navigation. 

Implement selected measures and reforms in the maritime sector 

–  Complete  restructuring  of 
commercial functions);  

the  port  sector  (separating  regulatory/operational  and 

–  Implement  relevant  international  IMO  (International  Maritime  Organisation)  conventions 
requirements;  pursue  effective  enforcement  in  the  areas  of  Port  State  Control  and  Flag 
State  implementation  as  well  as  resolutions  of  the  Maritime  Environment  Protection 
Committee on tanker safety; 

–  Speed  up  the  phasing-out  of  single-hull  oil  tankers  and  introduce  the  pertinent  changes 

agreed in the IMO Marpol Convention; 

–  Promote regulatory approximation, including on safety and security issues.  

Regional transport cooperation 

–  Continue cooperation on Caspian and Black Sea regional transport issues in the context of 
the follow-up to the EU-Black Sea-Caspian Basin Transport Ministerial Conference held in 
Baku on November 2004; 

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4.6.2.  Energy 

Energy policy convergence towards EU energy policy objectives 

–  Elaborate  and  implement  a  coherent  long-term  energy  policy  converging  gradually  with 

the EU energy policy objectives including security of energy supply; 

–  Explore  the  medium-term  possibility  for  participation  in  the  Intelligent  Energy-Europe 

programme. 

Gradual convergence towards the principles of the EU internal electricity and gas markets 

–  Establish  a  list  of  measures  for  gradual  legal  and  regulatory  convergence  towards  the 
principles of the EU internal electricity and gas markets, accompanied by time schedules 
and a financing plan; 

–  Work  towards  the  progressive  elimination  of  energy  price  distortions;  and  improve  bill 

collection rates; 

–  Further develop the National Energy Regulatory Commission in line with the principles of 

the Electricity and Gas Directives 2003/54 and 2003/55; 

–  Complete restructuring the electricity (including hydropower), gas and heat sectors, ensure 

their financial viability.  

Progress regarding energy networks 

–  Take steps to reduce energy network losses; 

–  Improve the safety and security of energy infrastructure. 

Progress on energy efficiency and the use of renewable energy sources 

–  Take  steps  to  develop  an  action  plan  including  a  financial  plan  for  improving  energy 

efficiency and enhancing the use of renewable energy;  

–  Adopt legislation addressing energy efficiency and renewable energy; 

–  Reinforce the institutions dealing with energy efficiency and renewable energy sources; 

–  Implement a set of measures in this area. 

4.6.3.  Environment 

Take  steps  to  ensure  that  conditions  for  good  environmental  governance  are  set  and  start 
implementing them 

–  Strengthen  administrative  structures  and  procedures  to  ensure  strategic  planning  of 

environment issues and co-ordination between relevant actors; 

–  Adopt legislation and establish procedures regarding access to environmental information 

and public participation, including implementation of the Aarhus Convention; 

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–  Continue preparing regular reports on the state-of-the-environment; 

–  Reinforce structures and procedures to carry out environmental impact assessments; 

–  Establish communication strategies on the benefits of environmental policy; support civil 

society actors and local authorities.  

Take  action  for  prevention  of  deterioration  of  the  environment,  protection  of  human  health 
and  achievement  of  rational  use  of  natural  resources  in  line  with  the  commitments  of 
Johannesburg Summit 

–  Develop  framework  legislation  and  basic  procedures  and  ensure  planning  for  key 
environmental sectors, air quality, water quality, waste management, nature protection; 

–  Enhance  administrative  capacities,  including  for  the  issuing  of  permits  as  well  as  for 

enforcement and inspection; 

–  Implement  existing  national  plans  and  programmes  (e.g.  on  integrated  coastal  zone 

management, forest management, and water management); 

–  Take measures to strengthen control of all types of radioactive sources.  

Enhance co-operation on environmental issues 

–  Implement  provisions  under  the  Kyoto  Protocol  and  the  UN  Framework  Convention  on 
Climate  Change  including  through  the  active  cooperation  under  the  Clean  Development 
Mechanism;  

–  Participate actively in the Danube – Black Sea Task Force and the Black Sea Commission 
to implement a trans-boundary approach to water management; ensure active participation 
in the Eastern European, Caucasus and Central Asia component of the EU Water Initiative; 

–  Ratify relevant UN-ECE Conventions on the environment; 

–  Identify  possibilities  with  neighbouring  countries  for  enhanced  regional  co-operation,  in 

particular with regard to water issues;  

–  Possible participation in selected European Environment Agency activities. 

4.6.4. 

Information Society and media  

Further progress in electronic communications policy and regulations. Development and use 
of Information Society applications 

–  Adopt a national policy on the development of the telecommunications and IT sectors and 
further  develop  comprehensive  regulatory  framework  including  numbering,  users  rights, 
privacy protection and data security; 

–  Promote  the  use  and  exchange  of  views  on  new  technologies  and  electronic  means  of 
communications  by  businesses,  government  and  citizens  in  areas  such  as  e-Business 
(including standards for e-signatures), e-Government, e-Health, e-Learning, e-Culture; 

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–  Work towards adopting audiovisual legislation in full compliance with European standards 
with a view to future participation in international instruments of the Council of Europe in 
the  field  of  media.  Promote  an  exchange  of  views  on  audiovisual  policy,  including  co-
operation in the fight against racism and xenophobia; 

Regional cooperation 

–  Facilitate  the  interconnection  of  the  Caucasian  Research  and  Education  Networks  with 

their European counterparts via GEANT in order to support scientific collaboration. 

–  Develop distance education programmes in Southern Caucasus and Black Sea Countries. 

4.6.5. 

Science and technology, research and development 

Develop Georgia’s capacity in technological R&I to support the economy and society 

–  Reinforce human, material and institutional resources in order to improve the capacities in 

technological R&I. 

–  Restructure  science  management  system  through  introduction  of  peer  review-based 
competitive environment for the selection of grant applications, institutional integration of 
scientific  institutions  with  higher  education  institutions  (HEIs)  and  reinforcing  outcome-
oriented R&D projects. 

Prepare Georgia’s integration into the European Research Area and into the Community R&I 
Framework Programmes on the basis of scientific excellence 

–  Implement appropriate information strategy to facilitate adequate participation of Georgian 

scientists in the Community R&I Framework Programmes.  

–  Reinforce  Georgian  participation  in  international  Marie  Curie  fellowships  including 

support of the appropriate return mechanisms.  

4.7. 

People-to-people contacts 

4.7.1.  Education, training and youth 

Reform and modernise the education and training systems within the framework of Georgian 
plans towards convergence with EU standards and practice. 

–  Ensure access for all to high quality education by providing sufficient funding, setting up 
quality assurance services, reforming education and training systems, including vocational 
education and training and fostering lifelong learning, in particular through implementation 
of a national education reform strategy; 

–  Reform  the  higher  education  sector  in  line  with  the  principles  of  the  “Bologna  process”. 
implementation,  address 

local  capacities  for  policy  development  and 

Strengthen 
accreditation and licensing procedures; 

–  Promote reform of higher education and cooperation between higher education institutions 

in the EU and Georgia through the TEMPUS programme; 

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–  Enhance  the  capacities  of  institutions  and  organisations  involved  in  developing  and 
implementing quality assurance in the field of education and training, by using for example 
the tools offered by the TEMPUS programme;  

–  Stimulate  universities  to  establish  teaching  activities  in  European  Integration  studies  and 

encourage universities to apply for Jean Monnet Modules and Chairs;  

–  Strengthen the adaptation of higher and vocational education to the future demands of the 
labour market by increasing the involvement of social partners and stakeholders from civil 
society; 

–  Encourage participation in the Erasmus Mundus and TEMPUS programmes and in the new 

scholarship scheme.  

Enhance co-operation in the field of education, training and youth  

–  Continue and enhance a policy dialogue between EU and Georgian authorities in the field 

of education and training; 

–  Enhance  youth  exchanges  and  cooperation,  in  particular  among  the  three  Southern 
Caucasus and Black Sea countries in partnership with their counterparts from the European 
Union in the field of non-formal education for young people and promotion of intercultural 
dialogue through the YOUTH programme.  

4.7.2.  Public health 

Health sector reform 

–  Continue  health  sector  reform  inter  alia  through  enhancing  the  policy  and  regulatory 
framework with a view to notably: improve access and affordability for whole population; 
improve the organisation, quality, and efficiency of the sector and its institutions, including 
the Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Affairs; increase the share of primary health care 
services and of prevention and health promotion activities in the total health care budget; 
implement a sustainable healthcare finance strategy; improve the quality of and access to 
information on health statistics, risks and determinants in Georgia; enhance the quality of 
health workers including through training. 

4.7.3.  Culture 

Enhance cultural co-operation  

–  Investigate  the  possibilities  for  co-operation  in  the  framework  of  EU  programmes  in  the 

field of culture; 

–  Exchange  views  on  the  UNESCO  Convention  on  the  protection  and  promotion  of  the 
diversity of cultural expressions which was adopted on 20th October 2005 and to promote 
the ratification and implementation of the text ; 

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5. 

MONITORING 

The  Action  Plan  will  be  submitted  for  formal  adoption  to  the  EU-Georgia  Cooperation 
Council. The Action Plan will guide the work between the EU and Georgia. Should the need 
arise,  on  the  EU  side,  for  specific  measures  necessitating  legally  binding  decisions,  the 
Commission  will  recommend  to  the  Council  the  adoption  of  the  necessary  negotiating 
directives.  

The joint bodies established under the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement will advance 
and  monitor  the  implementation  of  the  Action  Plan.  The  structures  under  the  relevant 
agreements, where appropriate, should be reviewed, to ensure that all priorities under the ENP 
are duly reflected . 

The  Commission,  in  close  cooperation  with  the  Secretary-General/High  Representative,  as 
appropriate, will produce reports on the Action Plan’s implementation at regular intervals. It 
will invite Georgia to provide information for these reports. The Commission will also work 
closely  with  other  organisations  such  as  the  Council  of  Europe,  the  OSCE,  relevant  UN 
bodies, and International Financial Institutions.  

A first review of the implementation of the Action Plan will be undertaken within two years 
of its adoption. 

The  Action  Plan  can  be  regularly  amended  and/or  updated  to  reflect  progress  in  addressing 
the priorities. 

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Glossary 

BOMCA 

EASA 

EUPM 

EUPOL 

FATF 

GATT 

ICC 

IFAC 

IIA 

ILO 

Border Management Programme for Central Asia 

European Aviation Safety Agency 

European Union Police Mission 

European Union Police Mission  

Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering 

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 

International Criminal Court 

International Federation of Accountants 

Institute of Internal Audit 

International Labour Organisation 

INTOSAI 

International Organisation of Supreme Audit Institutions 

IST 

OSJD 

OTIF 

SCAD 

TRACECA 

TRIPS 

WHO 

WMD 

Information Society Technologies 

Organisation for Railway Cooperation 

Intergovernmental  Organisation  for  International  Carriage 
by Rail 

Southern Caucasus Action Programme on Drugs 

Transport Corridor Europe Caucasus Asia 

WTO Agreement on Intellectual Property 

World Health Organisation 

Weapons of Mass Destruction 

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