Common Military List of the European Union (equipment covered by the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports)
Date: 2006-03-17
Institutions: Council of the European Union
Subjects: code of conduct, common foreign and security policy, export, military equipment

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(Acts adopted pursuant to Title V of the Treaty onEuropean Union)

COMMON MILITARY LIST OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

(equipment covered by the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports)

(updating and replacing the Common Military List of the European Union adopted by the Council on 25 April
2005)

(2006/C 66/01)

Note 1: Terms in ‘quotations’ are defined terms. Refer to ‘Definitions of Terms used in this List’ annexed to this List.

Note 2: Chemicals are listed by name and CAS number. Chemicals of the same structural formula (including
hydrates) are controlled regardless of name or CAS number. CAS numbers are shown to assist in identifying
whether a particular chemical or mixture is controlled, irrespective of nomenclature. CAS numbers cannot be
used as unique identifiers because some forms of the listed chemical have different CAS numbers, and
mixtures containing a listed chemical may also have different CAS numbers.

ML1 Smooth-bore weapons with a calibre of less than 20 mm, other arms and automatic
weapons with a calibre of 12,7 mm (calibre 0,50 inches) or less and accessories, as follows,
and specially designed components therefor:

a. Rifles, carbines, revolvers, pistols, machine pistols and machine guns:

Note

ML1.a. does not control the following:

1. muskets, rifles and carbines manufactured earlier than 1938;

2. reproductions of muskets, rifles and carbines the originals of which were manufactured earlier

than 1890;

3. revolvers, pistols and machine guns manufactured earlier than 1890, and their reproductions.

b. Smooth-bore weapons, as follows:

1. smooth-bore weapons specially designed for military use;

2. other smooth-bore weapons, as follows:

a. of the fully automatic type;

b. of the semi-automatic or pump-action type.

c. Weapons using caseless ammunition;

d. Silencers, special gun-mountings, clips, weapons sights and flash suppressers for arms controlled

by sub-items ML1.a, ML1.b or ML1.c.

Note 1 ML1 does not control smooth-bore weapons used for hunting or sporting purposes. These weapons

must not be specially designed for military use or of the fully automatic firing type.

Note 2 ML1 does not control firearms specially designed for dummy ammunition and which are incapable

of firing any controlled ammunition.

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Note 3 ML1 does not control weapons using non-centre fire cased ammunition and which are not of the

fully automatic firing type.

Note 4 ML1.d. does not control optical weapon sights without electronic image processing, with a magnifi-

cation of fourtimes or less, provided they are not specially designed or modified for military use.

ML2 Smooth-bore weapons with a calibre of 20 mm or more, other weapons or armament with
a calibre greater than 12,7 mm (calibre 0,50 inches), projectors and accessories, as follows,
and specially designed components therefor:

a. Guns, howitzers, cannon, mortars, anti-tank weapons, projectile launchers, military flame

throwers, recoilless rifles and signature reduction devices therefor.

Note

ML2.a includes injectors, metering devices, storage tanks and other specially designed components
for use with liquid propelling charges for any of the equipment controlled by ML2.a.

b. Military smoke, gas and pyrotechnic projectors or generators.

Note

ML2.. does not control signal pistols.

c. Weapons sights.

ML3 Ammunition and fuse-setting devices, as follows, and specially designed components

therefor:

a. Ammunition for the weapons controlled by ML1, ML2 or ML12.

b. Fuse-setting devices specially designed for ammunition controlled by ML3.a.

Note 1 Specially designed components include:

a. metal or plastic fabrications such as primer anvils, bullet cups, cartridge links, rotating bands

and munitions metal parts;

b. safing and arming devices, fuses, sensors and initiation devices;

c. power supplies with high one-time operational output;

d. combustible cases for charges;

e. submunitions including bomblets, minelets and terminally guided projectiles.

Note 2 ML3.a does not control ammunition crimped without a projectile (blankstar) and dummy ammuni-

tion with a pierced powder chamber.

Note 3 ML3.a does not control cartridges specially designed for any of the following purposes:

a. signalling;

b. bird scaring; or

c.

lighting of gas flares at oil wells.

ML4 Bombs, torpedoes, rockets, missiles, other explosive devices and charges and related equip-
ment and accessories, as follows, specially designed for military use, and specially designed
components therefor:

NB: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.

a. Bombs, torpedoes, grenades, smoke canisters, rockets, mines, missiles, depth charges, demolition
charges, demolition devices and demolition kits, ‘pyrotechnic’ devices, cartridges and simulators
(i.e. equipment simulating the characteristics of any of these items).

Note

ML4.a includes:

1. smoke grenades, fire bombs, incendiary bombs and explosive devices;

2. missile rocket nozzles and re-entry vehicle nosetips.

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b. Equipment specially designed for the handling, control, activation, powering with one-time
operational output, launching, laying, sweeping, discharging, decoying, jamming, detonation or
detection of items controlled by ML4.a.

Note

ML4.b includes:

1. mobile gas liquefying equipment capable of producing 1 000 kg or more per day of gas in

liquid form;

2. buoyant electric conducting cable suitable for sweeping magnetic mines.

Technical Note Hand-held devices, limited by design solely to the detection of metal objects and incapable
of distinguishing between mines and other metal objects, are not considered to be specially
designed for the detection of items controlled by ML4.a.

ML5 Fire control, and related alerting and warning equipment, and related systems, test and align-
ment and countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and
specially designed components and accessories therefor:

a. Weapon sights, bombing computers, gun laying equipment and weapon control systems.

b. Target acquisition, designation, range-finding, surveillance or tracking systems; detection, data

fusion, recognition or identification equipment; and sensor integration equipment.

c. Countermeasure equipment for items controlled by ML5.a or ML5.b.

d. Field test or alignment equipment, specially designed for items controlled by ML5.a or ML5.b.

ML6 Ground vehicles and components, as follows:

NB: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.

a. Ground vehicles and components therefor, specially designed or modified for military use.

Technical Note For the purposes of ML6.a the term ground vehicles includes trailers.

b. All wheel-drive vehicles capable of off-road use which have been manufactured or fitted with
materials to provide ballistic protection to level III (NIJ 0108.01, September 1985, or comparable
national standard) or better.

NB: See also ML13.a.

Note 1 ML6.a. includes:

a. tanks and other military armed vehicles and military vehicles fitted with mountings for arms or

equipment for mine laying or the launching of munitions controlled under ML4;

b. armoured vehicles;

c. amphibious and deep water fording vehicles;

d. recovery vehicles and vehicles for towing or transporting ammunition or weapon systems and

associated load handling equipment.

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Note 2 Modification of a ground vehicle for military use controlled by ML6.a entails a structural, electrical
or mechanical change involving one or more specially designed military components. Such compo-
nents include:

a. pneumatic tyre casings of a kind specially designed to be bullet-proof or to run when deflated;

b. tyre inflation pressure control systems, operated from inside a moving vehicle;

c. armoured protection of vital parts, (e.g., fuel tanks or vehicle cabs);

d. special reinforcements or mountings for weapons.

e. black-out lighting.

Note 3 ML6 does not control civil automobiles, or trucks designed or modified for transporting money or

valuables, having armoured or ballistic protection.

ML7 Chemical or biological toxic agents, ‘riot control agents’, radioactive materials, related equip-

ment, components and materials as follows:

a. Biological agents and radioactive materials ‘adapted for use in war’ to produce casualties in

humans or animals, degrade equipment or damage crops or the environment.

b. Chemical warfare (CW) agents including:

1. CW nerve agents:

a. O-Alkyl (equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or

Isopropyl) — phosphonofluoridates, such as:

Sarin (GB):O-Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 107-44-8); and

Soman (GD):O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (CAS 96-64-0);

b. O-Alkyl (equal to or less than C10,

including cycloalkyl) N,N-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-

Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphoramidocyanidates, such as:

Tabun (GA):O-Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate (CAS 77-81-6);

c. O-Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) S-2-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-
Propyl or Isopropyl)-aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) phospho-
nothiolates and corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as:

VX: O-Ethyl S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonothiolate (CAS 50782-69-9);

2. CW vesicant agents:

a. Sulphur mustards, such as:

1. 2-Chloroethylchloromethylsulphide (CAS 2625-76-5);

2. Bis(2-chloroethyl) sulphide (CAS 505-60-2);

3. Bis(2-chloroethylthio) methane (CAS 63869-13-6);

4. 1,2-bis (2-chloroethylthio) ethane (CAS 3563-36-8);

5. 1,3-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-propane (CAS 63905-10-2);

6. 1,4-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-butane (CAS 142868-93-7);

7. 1,5-bis (2-chloroethylthio) -n-pentane (CAS 142868-94-8);

8. Bis (2-chloroethylthiomethyl) ether (CAS 63918-90-1);

9. Bis (2-chloroethylthioethyl) ether (CAS 63918-89-8);

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b. Lewisites, such as:

1. 2-chlorovinyldichloroarsine (CAS 541-25-3);

2. Tris (2-chlorovinyl) arsine (CAS 40334-70-1);

3. Bis (2-chlorovinyl) chloroarsine (CAS 40334-69-8);

c. Nitrogen mustards, such as:

1. HN1: bis (2-chloroethyl) ethylamine (CAS 538-07-8);

2. HN2: bis (2-chloroethyl) methylamine (CAS 51-75-2);

3. HN3: tris (2-chloroethyl) amine (CAS 555-77-1);

3. CW incapacitating agents, such as:

a. 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate (BZ) (CAS 6581-06-2);

4. CW defoliants, such as:

a. Butyl 2-chloro-4-fluorophenoxyacetate (LNF);

b. 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid mixed with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Agent

Orange).

c. CW binary precursors and key precursors, as follows:

1. Alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl Phosphonyl Difluorides, such as: DF: Methyl Phos-

phonyldifluoride (CAS 676-99-3);

2. O-Alkyl (H or equal to or less than C10, including cycloalkyl) O-2-dialkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-
Propyl or Isopropyl) aminoethyl alkyl (Methyl, Ethyl, n-Propyl or Isopropyl) phosphonites and
corresponding alkylated and protonated salts, such as: QL: O-Ethyl-2-di-isopropylaminoethyl
methylphosphonite (CAS 57856-11-8);

3. Chlorosarin: O-Isopropyl methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 1445-76-7);

4. Chlorosoman: O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonochloridate (CAS 7040-57-5).

d.

‘Riot control agents’, active constituent chemicals and combinations thereof, including:

1. α-Bromobenzeneacetonitrile, (Bromobenzyl cyanide) (CA) (CAS 5798-79-8);

2. ((2-chlorophenyl) methylene) propanedinitrile, (o-Chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile (CS) (CAS

2698-41-1);

3. 2-Chloro-1-phenylethanone, Phenylacyl chloride (ω-chloroacetophenone) (CN) (CAS 532-27-

4);

4. Dibenz-(b,f)-1,4-oxazephine, (CR) (CAS 257-07-8);

5. 10-Chloro-5,10-dihydrophenarsazine, (Phenarsazine chloride), (Adamsite), (DM) (CAS 578-

94-9);

6. N-Nonanoylmorpholine, (MPA) (CAS 5299-64-9);

Note 1 ML7.d does not control

‘riot control agents’

individually packaged for personal self defence

purposes

Note 2 ML7.d does not control active constituent chemicals and combinations thereof identified and

packaged for food production or medical purposes.

e. Equipment specially designed or modified for military use, for the dissemination of any of the

following and specially designed components therefor:

1. materials or agents controlled by ML7.b or ML7.d; or

2. CW made up of precursors controlled by ML7.c.

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f. Protective and decontamination equipment,

specially designed components therefor, and

specially formulated chemical mixtures, as follows:

1. equipment specially designed or modified for military use, for defence against materials

controlled by ML7.b or ML7.d and specially designed components therefor;

2. equipment specially designed or modified or modified for military use, for the decontamina-
tion of objects contaminated with materials controlled by ML7.a or ML7.b and specially
designed components therefor;

3. chemical mixtures

specially developed/formulated for

the decontamination of objects

contaminated with materials controlled by ML7.a or ML7.b.

Note

ML7.f.1 includes:

a. air conditioning units specially designed or modified for nuclear, biological or chemical filtra-

tion;

b. protective clothing.

NB: For civil gas masks, protective and decontamination equipment see also entry 1A004 on the EU

Dual-use List.

g. Equipment specially designed or modified for military use, for the detection or identification of

materials controlled by ML7.b or ML7.d and specially designed components therefor.

Note

ML7.g. does not control personal radiation monitoring dosimeters.

N.B. See also entry 1A004 on the EU Dual-use List.

h.

‘Biopolymers’ specially designed or processed for the detection or identification of CW agents
controlled by ML7.b. and the cultures of specific cells used to produce them.

i.

‘Biocatalysts’ for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents, and biological systems
therefor, as follows:

1.

‘biocatalysts’ specially designed for the decontamination or degradation of CW agents
controlled by ML7.b. resulting from directed laboratory selection or genetic manipulation of
biological systems;

2. biological systems, as follows: ‘expression vectors’, viruses or cultures of cells containing the

genetic information specific to the production of ‘biocatalysts’ controlled by ML7.i.1.

Note 1 ML7.b. and ML7.d. do not control:

a. cyanogen chloride (CAS 506-77-4). See 1C450.a.5 on the EU Dual-use List;

b. hydrocyanic acid (CAS 74-90-8);

c. chlorine (CAS 7782-50-5);

d. carbonyl chloride (phosgene) (CAS 75-44-5). See 1C450.a.4 on the EU Dual-use List;

e. diphosgene (trichloromethyl-chloroformate) (CAS 503-38-8);

f. deleted;

g. xylyl bromide, ortho: (CAS 89-92-9), meta: (CAS 620-13-3), para: (CAS 104-81-4);

h. benzyl bromide (CAS 100-39-0);

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i. benzyl iodide (CAS 620-05-3);

j. bromo acetone (CAS 598-31-2);

k. cyanogen bromide (CAS 506-68-3);

l. bromo methylethylketone (CAS 816-40-0);

m. chloro acetone (CAS 78-95-5);

n. ethyl iodoacetate (CAS 623-48-3);

o.

iodo acetone (CAS 3019-04-3);

p. chloropicrin (CAS 76-06-2). See 1C450.a.7 on the EU Dual-use List.

Note 2 The cultures of cells and biological systems listed in ML7.h and ML7.i.2 are exclusive and these
subitems do not control cells or biological systems for civil purposes, such as agricultural, pharma-
ceutical, medical, veterinary, environmental, waste management, or in the food industry.

ML8 ‘Energetic materials’, and related substances, as follows:

NB: See also 1C011 on the EU Dual-use List

Technical Notes

1. For the purposes of this entry, mixture refers to a composition of two or more substances with at least one

substance being listed in the ML8 subitems.

2. Any substance listed in the ML8 subitems is controlled by this list, even when utilised in an application
other than that indicated (e.g., TAGN is predominantly used as an explosive but can also be used either as
a fuel or an oxidiser).

a.

‘Explosives’, as follows, and mixtures thereof:

1. ADNBF (aminodinitrobenzofuroxan or 7-amino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-1-oxide)

(CAS

97096-78-1);

2. BNCP (cis-bis (5-nitrotetrazolato) tetra amine-cobalt (III) perchlorate) (CAS 117412-28-9);

3. CL-14 (diamino dinitrobenzofuroxan or 5,7-diamino-4,6-dinitrobenzofurazane-1-oxide)

(CAS 117907-74-1);

4. CL-20 (HNIW or Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) (CAS 135285-90-4); chlathrates of CL-20

(see also ML8.g.3 and g.4 for its precursors);

5. CP (2-(5-cyanotetrazolato) penta amine-cobalt (III) perchlorate) (CAS 70247-32-4);

6. DADE (1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene, FOX7);

7. DATB (diaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 1630-08-6);

8. DDFP (1,4-dinitrodifurazanopiperazine);

9. DDPO (2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide, PZO) (CAS 194486-77-6);

10. DIPAM (3,3'-diamino-2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrobiphenyl or dipicramide) (CAS 17215-44-0);

11. DNGU (DINGU or dinitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510-04-8);

12. furazans, as follows:

a. DAAOF (diaminoazoxyfurazan);

b. DAAzF (diaminoazofurazan) (CAS 78644-90-3);

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13. HMX and derivatives (see also ML8.g.5. for its precursors), as follows:

a. HMX (Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazine,
1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraza-cyclooctane, octogen or octogene) (CAS 2691-41-0);

b. difluoroaminated analogs of HMX;

c. K-55 (2,4,6,8-tetranitro-2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo [3,3,0]-octanone-3,

tetranitrosemigly-

couril or keto-bicyclic HMX) (CAS 130256-72-3);

14. HNAD (hexanitroadamantane) (CAS 143850-71-9);

15. HNS (hexanitrostilbene) (CAS 20062-22-0);

16.

imidazoles, as follows:

a. BNNII (Octahydro-2,5-bis(nitroimino)imidazo [4,5-d]imidazole);

b. DNI (2,4-dinitroimidazole) (CAS 5213-49-0);

c. FDIA (1-fluoro-2,4-dinitroimidazole);

d. NTDNIA (N-(2-nitrotriazolo)-2,4-dinitroimidazole);

e. PTIA (1-picryl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole);

17. NTNMH (1-(2-nitrotriazolo)-2-dinitromethylene hydrazine);

18. NTO (ONTA or 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one) (CAS 932-64-9);

19. Polynitrocubanes with more than four nitro groups;

20. PYX (2,6-Bis(picrylamino)-3,5-dinitropyridine) (CAS 38082-89-2);

21. RDX and derivatives, as follows:

a. RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, cyclonite, T4, hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-tria-

zine, 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triaza-cyclohexane, hexogen or hexogene) (CAS 121-82-4);

b. Keto-RDX (K-6 or 2,4,6-trinitro-2,4,6-triazacyclohexanone) (CAS 115029-35-1);

22. TAGN (triaminoguanidinenitrate) (CAS 4000-16-2);

23. TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 3058-38-6) (see also ML8.g.7 for its precursors);

24. TEDDZ (3,3,7,7-tetrabis(difluoroamine) octahydro-1,5-dinitro-1,5-diazocine);

25. Tetrazoles, as follows:

a. NTAT (nitrotriazol aminotetrazole);

b. NTNT (1-N-(2-nitrotriazolo)-4-nitrotetrazole);

26. tetryl (trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) (CAS 479-45-8);

27. TNAD (1,4,5,8-tetranitro-1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin) (CAS 135877-16-6) (see also ML8.g.6 for

its precursors);

28. TNAZ (1,3,3-trinitroazetidine) (CAS 97645-24-4) (see also ML8.g.2 for its precursors);

29. TNGU (SORGUYL or tetranitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510-03-7);

30. TNP (1,4,5,8-tetranitro-pyridazino[4,5-d]pyridazine) (CAS 229176-04-9);

31. triazines, as follows:

a. DNAM (2-oxy-4,6-dinitroamino-s-triazine) (CAS 19899-80-0);

b. NNHT (2-nitroimino-5-nitro-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine) (CAS 130400-13-4);

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32. triazoles, as follows:

a. 5-azido-2-nitrotriazole;

b. ADHTDN (4-amino-3,5-dihydrazino-1,2,4-triazole dinitramide) (CAS 1614-08-0);

c. ADNT (1-amino-3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazole);

d. BDNTA ([bis-dinitrotriazole]amine);

e. DBT (3,3'-dinitro-5,5-bi-1,2,4-triazole) (CAS 30003-46-4);

f. DNBT (dinitrobistriazole) (CAS 70890-46-9);

g. NTDNA (2-nitrotriazole 5-dinitramide) (CAS 75393-84-9);

h. NTDNT (1-N-(2-nitrotriazolo) 3,5-dinitrotriazole);

i. PDNT (1-picryl-3,5-dinitrotriazole);

j. TACOT (tetranitrobenzotriazolobenzotriazole) (CAS 25243-36-1);

33. any explosive not listed elsewhere in ML8.a with a detonation velocity exceeding 8 700 m/s

at maximum density or a detonation pressure exceeding 34 GPa (340 kbar);

34. other organic explosives not listed elsewhere in ML8.a yielding detonation pressures of 25
GPa (250 kbar) or more that will remain stable at temperatures of 523K (250 °C) or higher
for periods of five minutes or longer.

b.

‘Propellants’, as follows:

1. any United Nations (UN) Class 1.1 solid ‘propellant’ with a theoretical specific impulse (under
standard conditions) of more than 250 seconds for non-metallised, or more than 270 seconds
for aluminised compositions;

2. any UN Class 1.3 solid ‘propellant’ with a theoretical specific impulse (under standard condi-
tions) of more than 230 seconds for non-halogenised, 250 seconds for non-metallised
compositions and 266 seconds for metallised compositions;

3.

‘propellants’ having a force constant of more than 1 200 kJ/kg;

4.

‘propellants’ that can sustain a steady-state linear burning rate of more than 38 mm/s under
standard conditions (as measured in the form of an inhibited single strand) of 6,89 MPa (68,9
bar) pressure and 294K (21 °C);

5. elastomer modified cast double base (EMCDB) ‘propellants’ with extensibility at maximum

stress of more than 5 % at 233K (– 40 °C);

6. any ‘propellant’ containing substances listed in ML8.a.

c.

‘Pyrotechnics’, fuels and related substances, as follows, and mixtures thereof:

1. aircraft fuels specially formulated for military purposes;

2. alane (aluminum hydride) (CAS 7784-21-6);

3. carboranes; decaborane (CAS 17702-41-9); pentaboranes (CAS 19624-22-7 and 18433-84-6)

and their derivatives;

4. hydrazine and derivatives, as follows (see also ML8.d.8. and d.9. for oxidising hydrazine deri-

vatives):

a. hydrazine (CAS 302-01-2) in concentrations of 70 % or more;

b. monomethyl hydrazine (CAS 60-34-4);

c. symmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 540-73-8);

d. unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (CAS 57-14-7);

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5. metal fuels in particle form whether spherical, atomised, spheroidal, flaked or ground, manu-

factured from material consisting of 99 % or more of any of the following:

a. metals and mixtures thereof, as follows:

1. beryllium (CAS 7440-41-7) in particle sizes of less than 60 µm;

2.

iron powder (CAS 7439-89-6) with particle size of 3 µm or less produced by reduction
of iron oxide with hydrogen;

b. mixtures, which contain any of the following:

1. zirconium (CAS 7440-67-7), magnesium (CAS 7439-95-4) or alloys of these in particle

sizes of less than 60 µm;

2. boron (CAS 7440-42-8) or boron carbide (CAS 12069-32-8) fuels of 85 % purity or

higher and particle sizes of less than 60 µm;

6. military materials containing thickeners for hydrocarbon fuels specially formulated for use in
flame throwers or incendiary munitions, such as metal stearates or palmates (e.g. octal (CAS
637-12-7)) and M1, M2, and M3 thickeners;

7. perchlorates, chlorates and chromates composited with powdered metal or other high energy

fuel components;

8. spherical aluminum powder (CAS 7429-90-5) with a particle size of 60 µm or less, manufac-

tured from material with an aluminum content of 99 % or more;

9. titanium subhydride (TiHn) of stoichiometry equivalent to n = 0,65-1,68.

Note 1 Aircraft fuels controlled by ML8.c.1 are finished products not their constituents.

Note 2 ML8.c.4.a does not control hydrazine mixtures specially formulated for corrosion control.

Note 3 Explosives and fuels containing the metals or alloys listed in ML8.c.5 are controlled whether or

not the metals or alloys are encapsulated in aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, or beryllium.

Note 4 ML8.c.5.b.2 does not control boron and boron carbide enriched with boron-10 (20 % or more

of total boron-10 content).

d. Oxidisers, as follows, and mixtures thereof:

1. ADN (ammonium dinitramide or SR 12) (CAS 140456-78-6);

2. AP (ammonium perchlorate) (CAS 7790-98-9);

3. compounds composed of fluorine and any of the following:

a. other halogens;

b. oxygen; or

c. nitrogen;

Note 1 ML8.d.3 does not control chlorine trifluoride. See 1C238 on the EU Dual-use List

Note 2 ML8.d.3 does not control nitrogen trifluoride in its gaseous state.

4. DNAD (1,3-dinitro-1,3-diazetidine) (CAS 78246-06-7);

5. HAN (hydroxylammonium nitrate) (CAS 13465-08-2);

6. HAP (hydroxylammonium perchlorate) (CAS 15588-62-2);

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7. HNF (hydrazinium nitroformate) (CAS 20773-28-8);

8. Hydrazine nitrate (CAS 37836-27-4);

9. Hydrazine perchlorate (CAS 27978-54-7);

10. Liquid oxidisers comprised of or containing inhibited red fuming nitric acid (IRFNA) (CAS

8007-58-7);

Note

ML8.d.10 does not control non-inhibited fuming nitric acid.

e. Binders, plasticisers, monomers, polymers, as follows:

1. AMMO (azidomethylmethyloxetane and its polymers) (CAS 90683-29-7) (see also ML8.g.1.

for its precursors);

2. BAMO (bisazidomethyloxetane and its polymers) (CAS 17607-20-4) (see also ML8.g.1 for

its precursors);

3. BDNPA (bis (2,2-dinitropropyl)acetal) (CAS 5108-69-0);

4. BDNPF (bis (2,2-dinitropropyl)formal) (CAS 5917-61-3);

5. BTTN (butanetrioltrinitrate) (CAS 6659-60-5) (see also ML8.g.8. for its precursors);

6. energetic monomers, plasticisers and polymers containing nitro, azido, nitrate, nitraza or

difluoroamino groups specially formulated for military use;

7. FAMAO (3-difluoroaminomethyl-3-azidomethyl oxetane) and its polymers;

8. FEFO (bis-(2-fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl) formal) (CAS 17003-79-1);

9. FPF-1 (poly-2,2,3,3,4,4-hexafluoropentane-1,5-diol formal) (CAS 376-90-9);

10. FPF-3 (poly-2,4,4,5,5,6,6-heptafluoro-2-tri-fluoromethyl-3-oxaheptane-1,7-diol formal);

11. GAP (glycidylazide polymer) (CAS 143178-24-9) and its derivatives;

12. HTPB (hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene) with a hydroxyl functionality equal to or greater
than 2,2 and less than or equal to 2,4, a hydroxyl value of less than 0,77 meq/g, and a visc-
osity at 30 °C of less than 47 poise (CAS 69102-90-5);

13.

low (less then 10 000) molecular weight, alcohol
poly(epichlorohydrindiol) and triol;

functionalised, poly(epichlorohydrin);

14. NENAs (nitratoethylnitramine compounds)

(CAS 17096-47-8, 85068-73-1, 82486-83-7,

82486-82-6 and 85954-06-9);

15. PGN (poly-GLYN, polyglycidylnitrate or poly(nitratomethyl oxirane) (CAS 27814-48-8);

16. poly-NIMMO (poly nitratomethylmethyloxetane) or poly-NMMO (poly[3-Nitratomethyl-3-

methyloxetane]) (CAS 84051-81-0);

17. polynitroorthocarbonates;

18. TVOPA (1,2,3-tris[1,2-bis(difluoroamino)ethoxy] propane or tris vinoxy propane adduct)

(CAS 53159-39-0).

f. Additives, as follows:

1. basic copper salicylate (CAS 62320-94-9);

2. BHEGA (bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) glycolamide) (CAS 17409-41-5);

3. BNO (butadienenitrileoxide) (CAS 9003-18-3);

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4. ferrocene derivatives, as follows:

a. butacene (CAS 125856-62-4);

b. catocene (2,2-bis-ethylferrocenyl propane) (CAS 37206-42-1);

c. ferrocene carboxylic acids;

d. n-butyl-ferrocene (CAS 31904-29-7);

e. other adducted polymer ferrocene derivatives;

5.

lead beta-resorcylate (CAS 20936-32-7);

6.

lead citrate (CAS 14450-60-3);

7.

lead-copper chelates of beta-resorcylate or salicylates (CAS 68411-07-4);

8.

lead maleate (CAS 19136-34-6);

9.

lead salicylate (CAS 15748-73-9);

10.

lead stannate (CAS 12036-31-6);

11. MAPO (tris-1-(2-methyl)aziridinyl phosphine oxide) (CAS 57-39-6); BOBBA 8 (bis(2-methyl
aziridinyl) 2-(2-hydroxypropanoxy) propylamino phosphine oxide); and other MAPO deriva-
tives;

12. methyl BAPO (bis(2-methyl aziridinyl) methylamino phosphine oxide) (CAS 85068-72-0);

13. N-methyl-p-nitroaniline (CAS 100-15-2);

14. 3-Nitraza-1,5-pentane diisocyanate (CAS 7406-61-9);

15. organo-metallic coupling agents, as follows:

a. neopentyl[diallyl]oxy, tri[dioctyl]phosphato-titanate (CAS 103850-22-2); also known as
titanium IV, 2,2[bis 2-propenolato-methyl, butanolato, tris (dioctyl) phosphato] (CAS
110438-25-0); or LICA 12 (CAS 103850-22-2);

b. titanium IV, [(2-propenolato-1) methyl, n-propanolatomethyl] butanolato-1, tris[dioctyl]

pyrophosphate or KR3538;

c. titanium IV, [(2-propenolato-1)methyl, n-propanolatomethyl] butanolato-1, tris(dioctyl)-

phosphate;

16. polycyanodifluoroaminoethyleneoxide;

17. polyfunctional aziridine amides with isophthalic, trimesic (BITA or butylene imine trimesa-
mide), isocyanuric or trimethyladipic backbone structures and 2-methyl or 2-ethyl substitu-
tions on the aziridine ring;

18. propyleneimine (2-methylaziridine) (CAS 75-55-8);

19. Superfine iron oxide (Fe2O3) with a specific surface area more than 250 m2/g and an

average particle size of 3,0 nm or less;

20. Tepan (tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrile) (CAS 68412-45-3); cyanoethylated polyamines

and their salts;

21. Tepanol

(tetraethylenepentaamineacrylonitrileglycidol)

(CAS 68412-46-4); cyanoethylated

polyamines adducted with glycidol and their salts;

22. TPB (triphenyl bismuth) (CAS 603-33-8).

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g.

‘Precursors’, as follows:

NB:

In ML8.g.
substances.

the references are to controlled ‘energetic materials’ manufactured from these

1. BCMO (bischloromethyloxetane) (CAS 142173-26-0) (see also ML8.e.1 and e.2);

2. dinitroazetidine-t-butyl salt (CAS 125735-38-8) (see also ML8.a.28);

3. HBIW (hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane) (CAS 124782-15-6) (see also ML8.a.4);

4. TAIW (tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane) (see also ML8.a.4);

5. TAT (1,3,5,7 tetraacetyl-1,3,5,7,-tetraaza

cyclo-octane)

(CAS 41378-98-7)

(see

also

ML8.a.13.);

6. 1,4,5,8-tetraazadecalin (CAS 5409-42-7) (see also ML8.a.27);

7. 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (CAS 108-70-3) (see also ML8.a.23);

8. 1,2,4-trihydroxybutane (1,2,4-butanetriol) (CAS 3068-00-6) (see also ML8.e.5).

Note 5 For charges and devices see ML4.

Note 6 ML8 does not control the following substances unless they are compounded or mixed with the

‘energetic material’ mentioned in ML8.a or powdered metals in ML8.c:

a. ammonium picrate;

b. black powder;

c. hexanitrodiphenylamine;

d. difluoroamine;

e. nitrostarch;

f. potassium nitrate;

g. tetranitronaphthalene;

h. trinitroanisol;

i. trinitronaphthalene;

j. trinitroxylene;

k. N-pyrrolidinone; 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone;

l. dioctylmaleate;

m. ethylhexylacrylate;

n. triethylaluminium (TEA), trimethylaluminium (TMA), and otlher pyrophoric metal alkyls

and aryls of lithium, sodium, magnesium, zinc or boron;

o. nitrocelluose;

p. nitroglycerin (or glyceroltrinitrate, trinitroglycerine) (NG);

q. 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT);

r. ethylenediaminedinitrate (EDDN);

s. pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN);

t.

lead azide, normal and basic lead styphnate, and primary explosives or priming compositions
containing azides or azide complexes;

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u. triethyleneglycoldinitrate (TEGDN);

v. 2,4,6-trinitroresorcinol (styphnic acid);

w. diethyldiphenyl urea; dimethylidiphenyl urea; methylethyldiphenyl urea [Centralites];

x. N,N-diphenylurea (unsymmetrical diphenylurea);

y. methyl-N,N-diphenylurea (methyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);

z. ethyl-N,N-diphenylurea (ethyl unsymmetrical diphenylurea);

aa. 2-Nitrodiphenylamine (2-NDPA);

bb. 4-Nitrodiphenylamine (4-NDPA);

cc. 2,2-dinitropropanol;

dd. Nitroguanidine (see 1C011.d on the EU Dual-use List).

ML9 Vessels of war, special naval equipment and accessories, as follows, and components

therefor, specially designed for military use:

NB: For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.

a. Combatant vessels and vessels (surface or underwater) specially designed or modified for offen-
sive or defensive action, whether or not converted to non-military use, regardless of current state
of repair or operating condition, and whether or not they contain weapon delivery systems or
armour, and hulls or parts of hulls for such vessels.

b. Engines, as follows:

1. diesel engines specially designed for submarines with both of the following characteristics:

a. a power output of 1,12 MW (1 500 hp.) or more; and

b. a rotary speed of 700 rpm or more;

2. electric motors specially designed for submarines having all of the following characteristics:

a. a power output of more than 0,75 MW (1 000 hp.);

b. quick reversing;

c.

liquid cooled; and

d. totally enclosed;

3. non-magnetic diesel engines specially designed for military use with a power output of 37,3

kW (50 hp.) or more and with a non-magnetic content in excess of 75 % of total mass.

c. Underwater detection devices specially designed for military use and controls thereof.

d. Submarine and torpedo nets.

e. Not used.

f. Hull penetrators and connectors specially designed for military use that enable interaction with

equipment external to a vessel.

Note

ML9.f includes connectors for vessels which are of the single conductor, multi-conductor, coaxial
or waveguide type, and hull penetrators for vessels, both of which are capable of remaining imper-
vious to leakage from without and of retaining required characteristics at marine depths exceeding
100 m; and fibre-optic connectors and optical hull penetrators specially designed for ‘laser’ beam
transmission regardless of depth. It does not include ordinary propulsive shaft and hydrodynamic
control-rod hull penetrators.

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g. Silent bearings, with gas or magnetic suspension, active signature or vibration suppression

controls, and equipment containing those bearings, specially designed for military use.

ML10 ‘Aircraft’, ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’, unmanned airborne vehicles, aero-engines and ‘aircraft’
equipment, related equipment and components, specially designed or modified for military
use, as follows:

N.B. For guidance and navigation equipment, see ML11, Note 7.

a. Combat ‘aircraft’ and specially designed components therefor.

b. Other ‘aircraft’ and ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’ specially designed or modified for military use,
including military reconnaissance, assault, military training, transporting and airdropping troops
or military equipment, logistics support, and specially designed components therefor.

c. Unmanned airborne vehicles and related equipment, specially designed or modified for military

use, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

1. unmanned airborne vehicles including remotely piloted air vehicles (RPVs), autonomous

programmable vehicles and ‘lighter-than-air vehicles’;

2. associated launchers and ground support equipment;

3. related equipment for command and control.

d. Aero-engines specially designed or modified for military use, and specially designed components

therefor.

e. Airborne equipment, including airborne refuelling equipment, specially designed for use with the
‘aircraft’ controlled by ML10.a or ML10.b or the aero-engines controlled by ML10.d., and
specially designed components therefor.

f. Pressure refuellers, pressure refuelling equipment, equipment specially designed to facilitate
operations in confined areas and ground equipment, developed specially for ‘aircraft’ controlled
by ML10.a. or ML10.b., or for aero-engines controlled by ML10.d.

g. Military crash helmets and protective masks and specially designed components therefor, pres-
surised breathing equipment and partial pressure suits for use in ‘aircraft’, anti-g suits, liquid
oxygen converters used for ‘aircraft’ or missiles, and catapults and cartridge actuated devices for
emergency escape of personnel from ‘aircraft’.

h. Parachutes and related equipment, used for combat personnel, cargo dropping or ‘aircraft’ decel-

eration, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

1. parachutes for:

a. pin point dropping of rangers;

b. dropping of paratroopers;

2. cargo parachutes;

3. paragliders, drag parachutes, drogue parachutes for stabilisation and attitude control of drop-

ping bodies, (e.g. recovery capsules, ejection seats, bombs);

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4. drogue parachutes for use with ejection seat systems for deployment and inflation sequence

regulation of emergency parachutes;

5. recovery parachutes for guided missiles, drones or space vehicles;

6. approach parachutes and landing deceleration parachutes;

7. other military parachutes;

8. equipment specially designed for high altitude parachutists (e.g., suits, special helmets,

breathing systems, navigation equipment).

i. automatic piloting systems for parachuted loads; equipment specially designed or modified for

military use for controlled opening jumps at any height, including oxygen equipment.

Note 1 ML10.b does not control ‘aircraft’ or variants of those ‘aircraft’ specially designed for military use

which:

a. are not configured for military use and are not fitted with equipment or attachments specially

designed or modified for military use; and

b. have been certified for civil use by the civil aviation authority in a Wassenaar Arrangement parti-

cipating State.

Note 2 ML10.d does not control:

a. aero-engines designed or modified for military use which have been certified by civil aviation
authorities in a Wassenaar Arrangement participating state for use in ‘civil aircraft’, or specially
designed components therefor;

b. reciprocating engines or specially designed components therefor, except those specially designed for

unmanned airborne vehicles.

Note 3 The control in ML10.b and ML10.d on specially designed components and related equipment for
non-military ‘aircraft’ or aero-engines modified for military use applies only to those military compo-
nents and to military related equipment required for the modification to military use.

ML11 Electronic equipment not controlled elsewhere on the EU Common Military List, as follows,

and specially designed components therefor:

a. Electronic equipment specially designed for military use;

Note

ML11 includes:

1. electronic countermeasure and electronic counter-countermeasure equipment (i.e. equipment
designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into radar or radio communication
receivers or otherwise hinder the reception, operation or effectiveness of adversary electronic
receivers including their countermeasure equipment), including jamming and counter-jamming
equipment;

2. frequency agile tubes;

3. electronic systems or equipment designed either for surveillance and monitoring of the electro-
magnetic spectrum for military intelligence or security purposes or for counteracting such
surveillance and monitoring;

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4. underwater countermeasures, including acoustic and magnetic jamming and decoy, equipment

designed to introduce extraneous or erroneous signals into sonar receivers;

5. data-processing security equipment, data-security equipment and transmission and signalling

line security equipment, using ciphering processes;

6.

identification, authentification and keyloader equipment and key management, manufacturing
and distribution equipment;

7. guidance and navigation equipment.

b. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) jamming equipment.

ML12 High velocity kinetic energy weapon systems and related equipment, as follows, and

specially designed components therefor:

a. Kinetic energy weapon systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a

target.

b. Specially designed test and evaluation facilities and test models, including diagnostic instrumenta-

tion and targets, for dynamic testing of kinetic energy projectiles and systems.

NB: For weapon systems using subcalibre ammunition or employing solely chemical propulsion, and ammu-

nition therefor, see ML1 to ML4.

Note 1 ML12 includes the following when specially designed for kinetic energy weapon systems:

a.

launch propulsion systems capable of accelerating masses larger than 0,1 g to velocities in excess
of 1,6 km/s, in single or rapid fire modes;

b. prime power generation, electric armour, energy storage, thermal management, conditioning,
switching or fuel-handling equipment; and electrical interfaces between power supply, gun and
other turret electric drive functions;

c. target acquisition, tracking, fire control or damage assessment systems;

d. homing seeker, guidance or divert propulsion (lateral acceleration) systems for projectiles.

Note 2 ML12 controls weapon systems using any of the following methods of propulsion:

a. electromagnetic;

b. electrothermal;

c. plasma;

d.

light gas; or

e. chemical (when used in combination with any of the above).

ML13 Armoured or protective equipment and constructions and components, as follows:

a. Armoured plate as follows:

1. manufactured to comply with a military standard or specification; or

2. suitable for military use.

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b. Constructions of metallic or non-metallic materials or combinations thereof specially designed to
provide ballistic protection for military systems, and specially designed components therefor.

c. Military helmets.

d. Body armour and protective garments manufactured according to military standards or specifica-

tions, or equivalent, and specially designed components therefor.

N.B. For ‘fibrous or filamentary materials’ used in the manufacture of body armour, see entry 1C010 on the

EU Dual-use List.

Note 1 ML13.b includes materials specially designed to form explosive reactive armour or to construct mili-

tary shelters.

Note 2 ML13.c does not control conventional steel helmets, neither modified or designed to accept, nor

equipped with any type of accessory device.

Note 3 ML13.d does not control body armour or protective garments when accompanying their user for the

user's own personal protection.

N.B. See also entry 1A005 on the EU Dual-use List.

ML14 Specialised equipment for military training or for simulating military scenarios, simulators
specially designed for training in the use of any firearm or weapon controlled by ML1 or
ML2, and specially designed components and accessories therefor.

Technical note The term ‘specialised equipment for military training’ includes military types of attack trainers,
operational
flight trainers, radar target trainers, radar target generators, gunnery training
devices, anti-submarine warfare trainers, flight simulators (including human-rated centrifuges
for pilot/astronaut training), radar trainers,
instrument flight trainers, navigation trainers,
missile launch trainers, target equipment, drone ‘aircraft’, armament trainers, pilotless ‘aircraft’
trainers, mobile training units and training equipment for ground military operations.

Note 1 ML14 includes image generating and interactive environment systems for simulators when specially

designed or modified for military use.

Note 2 ML14 does not control equipment specially designed for training in the use of hunting or sporting

weapons.

ML15 Imaging or countermeasure equipment, as follows, specially designed for military use, and

specially designed components and accessories therefor:

a. Recorders and image processing equipment.

b. Cameras, photographic equipment and film processing equipment.

c. Image intensifier equipment.

d. Infrared or thermal imaging equipment.

e. Imaging radar sensor equipment.

f. Countermeasure or counter-countermeasure equipment for the equipment controlled by sub-

items ML15.a to ML15.e.

Note

ML15.f includes equipment designed to degrade the operation or effectiveness of military imaging
systems or to minimise such degrading effects.

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Note 1 The term ‘specially designed components’ includes the following when specially designed for military

use:

a. Infrared image converter tubes.

b. Image intensifier tubes (other than first generation).

c. Microchannel plates.

d. Low-light-level television camera tubes.

e. Detector arrays (including electronic interconnection or read out systems).

f. Pyroelectric television camera tubes.

g. Cooling systems for imaging systems.

h. Electrically triggered shutters of the photochromic or electro-optical type having a shutter speed of
less than 100 µs, except in the case of shutters which are an essential part of a high speed
camera.

i. Fibre optic image inverters.

j. Compound semiconductor photocathodes.

Note 2 ML15 does not control ‘first generation image intensifier tubes’ or equipment specially designed to

incorporate ‘first generation image intensifier tubes’.

NB: For the status of weapons sights incorporating ‘first generation image intensifier tubes’ see

entries ML1, ML2 and ML5.a.

NB: See also entries 6A002.a.2 and 6A002.b on the EU Dual-use List.

ML16 Forgings, castings and other unfinished products the use of which in a controlled product is
identifiable by material composition, geometry or function, and which are specially
designed for any products controlled by ML1 to ML4, ML6, ML9, ML10, ML12 or ML19.

ML17 Miscellaneous equipment, materials and libraries, as follows, and specially designed compo-

nents therefor:

a. Self-contained diving and underwater swimming apparatus, as follows:

1. closed or semi-closed circuit (rebreathing) apparatus specially designed for military use (i.e.

specially designed to be non magnetic);

2. specially designed components for use in the conversion of open-circuit apparatus to military

use;

3. articles designed exclusively for military use with self-contained diving and underwater swim-

ming apparatus.

b. Construction equipment specially designed for military use.

c. Fittings, coatings and treatments for signature suppression, specially designed for military use.

d. Field engineer equipment specially designed for use in a combat zone.

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e.

‘Robots’, ‘robot’ controllers and ‘robot’
tics:

‘end-effectors’, having any of the following characteris-

1. specially designed for military use;

2.

incorporating means of protecting hydraulic lines against externally induced punctures
incorporating self-sealing lines) and designed to use
caused by ballistic fragments (e.g.,
hydraulic fluids with flash points higher than 839 K (566 °C); or

3. specially designed or rated for operating in an electro-magnetic pulse (EMP) environment.

f. Libraries (parametric technical databases) specially designed for military use with equipment

controlled by the EU Common Military List.

g. Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment,

including ‘nuclear reactors’,
specially designed for military use and components therefor specially designed or modified for
military use.

h. Equipment and material, coated or treated for signature suppression, specially designed for mili-

tary use, other than those controlled elsewhere in the EU Common Military List.

i. Simulators specially designed for military ‘nuclear reactors’.

j. Mobile repair shops specially designed or modified to service military equipment.

k. Field generators specially designed or modified for military use.

l. Containers specially designed or modified for military use.

m. Ferries, other than those controlled elsewhere in the EU Common Military List, bridges and

pontoons, specially designed for military use.

n. Test models specially designed for the ‘development’ of items controlled by ML4, ML6, ML9 or

ML10;

o. Laser protection equipment (e g eye and sensor protection) specially designed for military use.

Technical notes

1. For the purpose of ML17, the term ‘library’ (parametric technical database) means a collection of technical
information of a military nature, reference to which may enhance the performance of military equipment or
systems.

2. For the purpose of ML17, ‘modified’ means any structural, electrical, mechanical, or other change that
provides a non-military item with military capabilities equivalent to an item which is specially designed for
military use.

ML18 Equipment for the production of products referred to in the EU Common Military List, as

follows:

a. Specially designed or modified production equipment for the production of products controlled

by the EU Common Military List, and specially designed components therefor.

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b. Specially designed environmental test facilities and specially designed equipment therefor, for the
certification, qualification or testing of products controlled by the EU Common Military List.

Technical Note For the purposes of ML18, the term ‘production’ includes design, examination, manufacture,

testing and checking.

Note 1 ML18.a and ML18.b include the following equipment:

a. continuous nitrators;

b. centrifugal testing apparatus or equipment having any of the following characteristics:

1. driven by a motor or motors having a total rated horsepower of more than 298 kW

(400 hp.);

2. capable of carrying a payload of 113 kg or more; or

3. capable of exerting a centrifugal acceleration of 8 g or more on a payload of 91 kg

or more;

c. dehydration presses;

d. screw extruders specially designed or modified for military explosive extrusion;

e. cutting machines for the sizing of extruded propellants;

f. sweetie barrels (tumblers) 1,85 m or more in diameter and having over 227 kg product capa-

city;

g. continuous mixers for solid propellants;

h. fluid energy mills for grinding or milling the ingredients of military explosives;

i. equipment to achieve both sphericity and uniform particle size in metal powder listed in ML8.c.8;

j. convection current converters for the conversion of materials listed in ML8.c.3.

Note 2 a. The term ‘products referred to in the EU Common Military List’ includes:

1. products not controlled if inferior to specified concentrations as follows:

a. hydrazine (see ML8.c.4);

b.

‘explosives’ (see ML8);

2. products not controlled if inferior to technical limits, (i.e. ‘superconductive’ materials
not controlled by 1C005 on the EU Dual-use List; ‘superconductive’ electromagnets
not controlled by 3A001.e.3 on the EU Dual-use List;
‘superconductive’ electrical
equipment excluded from control under ML20.b);

3. metal fuels and oxidants deposited in laminar form from the vapour phase (see

ML8.c.5).

b. The term ‘products referred to in the EU Common Military List’ does not include:

1. signal pistols (see ML2.b);

2. the substances excluded from control under Note 3 to ML7;

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3. personal radiation monitoring dosimeters (see ML7.g) and masks for protection

against specific industrial hazards, see also EU Dual-use List;

4. difluoroamine and potassium nitrate powder (see Note 6 to ML8);

5. aero-engines excluded from control under ML10;

6. conventional steel helmets not equipped with, or modified or designed to accept, any

type of accessory device (see Note 2 to ML13);

7. equipment fitted with industrial machinery, which is not controlled such as coating

machinery not elsewhere specified and equipment for the casting of plastics;

8. muskets, rifles and carbines dated earlier than 1938, reproductions of muskets, rifles
and carbines dated earlier than 1890, revolvers, pistols and machine guns dated
earlier than 1890, and their reproductions.

Note 3 Note 2.b.8 of ML18 does not release from controls production equipment for non-antique small

arms, even if used to produce reproductions of antique small arms.

ML19 Directed energy weapon systems (DEW), related or countermeasure equipment and test

models, as follows, and specially designed components therefor:

a.

‘Laser’ systems specially designed for destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target.

b. Particle beam systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a target.

c. High power radio-frequency (RF) systems capable of destruction or effecting mission-abort of a

target.

d. Equipment specially designed for the detection or identification of, or defence against, systems

controlled by ML19.a to ML19.c.

e. Physical

test models and related test results for the systems, equipment and components

controlled by this Item.

f. Continuous wave or pulsed ‘laser’ systems specially designed to cause permanent blindness to

unenhanced vision, i.e. to the naked eye or to the eye with corrective eyesight devices.

Note 1 Directed energy weapon systems controlled by ML19 include systems whose capability is derived

from the controlled application of:

a.

‘lasers’ of sufficient continuous wave or pulsed power to effect destruction similar to the manner of
conventional ammunition;

b. particle accelerators which project a charged or neutral particle beam with destructive power;

c. high pulsed power or high average power radio frequency beam transmitters which produce fields

sufficiently intense to disable electronic circuitry at a distant target.

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Note 2 ML19 includes the following when specially designed for directed energy weapon systems:

a. prime power generation, energy storage, switching, power conditioning or fuel-handling equip-

ment;

b. target acquisition or tracking systems;

c. systems capable of assessing target damage, destruction or mission-abort;

d. beam-handling, propagation or pointing equipment;

e. Equipment with rapid beam slew capability for rapid multiple target operations;

f. adaptive optics and phase conjugators;

g. current injectors for negative hydrogen ion beams;

h.

‘space qualified’ accelerator components;

i. negative ion beam funnelling equipment;

j. equipment for controlling and slewing a high energy ion beam;

k.

‘space qualified’ foils for neutralising negative hydrogen isotope beams.

ML20 Cryogenic and ‘superconductive’ equipment, as follows, and specially designed components

and accessories therefor:

a. Equipment specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground,
marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing
or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (– 170 °C).

Note

ML20.a includes mobile systems incorporating or employing accessories or components manufac-
tured from non-metallic or nonelectrical conductive materials, such as plastics or epoxy-impreg-
nated materials.

b.

‘Superconductive’ electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed
or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applica-
tions, capable of operating while in motion.

Note

ML20.b does not control direct-current hybrid homopolar generators that have single-pole
normal metal armatures which rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings,
provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator.

ML21 ‘Software’, as follows:

a.

‘Software’ specially designed or modified for the ‘development’, ‘production’ or ‘use’ of equipment
or materials controlled by the EU Common Military List.

b. Specific ‘software’, as follows:

1.

‘software’ specially designed for:

a. modelling, simulation or evaluation of military weapon systems;

b.

‘development’, monitoring, maintenance or updating of ‘software’ embedded in military
weapon systems;

c. modelling or simulating military operation scenarios, not controlled by ML14;

d. command, Communications, Control and Intelligence (C3I) or Command, Communica-

tions, Control, Computer and Intelligence (C4I) applications;

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2.

3.

‘software’ for determining the effects of conventional, nuclear, chemical or biological warfare
weapons.

‘software’, not controlled by ML21.a, b.1 or b.2, specially designed or modified to enable
equipment not controlled by the EU Common Military List to perform the military functions
of equipment controlled by ML5, ML7.g, ML9.c, ML9.e, ML10.e, ML11, ML14, ML15,
ML17.i., or ML18.

ML22 ‘Technology’ as follows:

a.

‘Technology’, other than specified in ML22.b, which is ‘required’ for the ‘development’, ‘produc-
tion’ or ‘use’ of items controlled in the Common Military List of the European Union.

b.

‘Technology’ as follows:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

‘technology’ ‘required’ for the design of, the assembly of components into, and the operation,
maintenance and repair of complete production installations for items controlled in the
Common Military List of the European Union, even if the components of such production
installations are not controlled;

‘technology’
produce reproductions of antique small arms;

‘required’ for the ‘development’ and ‘production’ of small arms even if used to

‘technology’
related equipment or components controlled by ML7.a to ML7.g;

‘required’ for the ‘development’,

‘production’ or ‘use’ of toxicological agents,

‘technology’
of specific cells controlled by ML7.h;

‘required’ for the ‘development’, ‘production’ or ‘use’ of ‘biopolymers’ or cultures

‘technology’ ‘required’ exclusively for the incorporation of ‘biocatalysts’, controlled by ML7.i.1,
into military carrier substances or military material.

Note 1 ‘Technology’

‘required’

for the ‘development’,

‘production’ or ‘use’ of

items controlled in the EU

Common Military List remains under control even when applicable to any uncontrolled item.

Note 2 ML22 does not control ‘technology’ as follows:

a. which is the minimum necessary for the installation, operation, maintenance (checking) and

repair of those items which are not controlled or whose export has been authorised;

b. which is ‘in the public domain’, ‘basic scientific research’ or the minimum necessary information

for patent applications;

c. for magnetic induction for continuous propulsion of civil transport devices.

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DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS LIST

The following are definitions of the terms used in this List, in alphabetical order.

Note 1 Definitions apply throughout the List. The references are purely advisory and have no effect on the universal

application of defined terms throughout the List.

Note 2 Words and terms contained in the List of Definitions only take the defined meaning where this is
indicated by their being enclosed in quotations marks (‘…’). Elsewhere, words and terms take their
commonly accepted (dictionary) meanings, unless a local definition for a particular control is
given.

ML7

‘Adapted for use in war’

Any modification or selection (such as altering purity, shelf life, virulence, dissemi-
nation characteristics, or resistance to UV radiation) designed to increase the effec-
tiveness in producing casualties in humans or animals, degrading equipment or
damaging crops or the environment.

ML8

‘Additives’

Substances used in explosive formulations to improve their properties.

ML8, ML9 and ML10 ‘Aircraft’

A fixed wing, swivel wing, rotary wing (helicopter), tilt rotor or tilt-wing airborne
vehicle.

ML22

‘Basic scientific research’

Experimental or theoretical work undertaken principally to acquire new knowledge
of the fundamental principles of phenomena or observable facts, not primarily
directed towards a specific practical aim or objective.

ML7, 22

‘Biocatalysts’

Enzymes for specific chemical or biochemical
compounds which bind to and accelerate the degradation of CW agents.

reactions or other biological

Technical Note

‘Enzymes’ means ‘biocatalysts’ for specific chemical or biochemical reactions.

ML7, 22

‘Biopolymers’

Biological macromolecules as follows:

a. enzymes for specific chemical or biochemical reactions;

b. antibodies, monoclonal, polyclonal or anti-idiotypic;

c. specially designed or specially processed receptors;

Technical Notes

1.

2.

3.

4.

‘Anti-idiotypic antibodies’ means antibodies which bind to the specific antigen
binding sites of other antibodies;

‘Monoclonal antibodies’ means proteins which bind to one antigenic site and
are produced by a single clone of cells;

‘Polyclonal antibodies’ means a mixture of proteins which bind to the specific
antigen and are produced by more than one clone of cells;

‘Receptors’ means biological macromolecular structures capable of binding
ligands, the binding of which affects physiological functions.

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ML10

‘Civil aircraft’

Those ‘aircraft’ listed by designation in published airworthiness certification lists by
the civil aviation authorities to fly commercial civil internal and external routes or
for legitimate civil, private or business use.

ML21 and ML 22

‘Development’

Is related to all stages prior to serial production, such as: design, design research,
design analyses, design concepts, assembly and testing of prototypes, pilot produc-
tion schemes, design data, process of transforming design data into a product,
configuration design, integration design, layouts.

ML17

‘End-effectors’

Grippers, active tooling units and any other tooling that is attached to the baseplate
on the end of a ‘robot’ manipulator arm.

Technical Note

‘Active tooling units’ are devices for applying motive power, process energy or
sensing to a workpiece.

ML4, 8

‘Energetic materials’

Substances or mixtures that react chemically to release energy required for their
intended application. ‘Explosives’, ‘pyrotechnics’ and ‘propellants’ are subclasses of
energetic materials.

ML8, 18

‘Explosives’

Solid, liquid or gaseous substances or mixtures of substances which, in their appli-
cation as primary, booster, or main charges in warheads, demolition and other
applications, are required to detonate.

ML7

‘Expression Vectors’

Carriers (e.g., plasmid or virus) used to introduce genetic material into host cells.

ML13

‘Fibrous or filamentary materials’

Include:

a. continuous monofilaments;

b. continuous yarns and rovings;

c. tapes, fabrics, random mats and braids;

d. chopped fibres, staple fibres and coherent fibre blankets;

e. whiskers, either monocrystalline or polycrystalline, of any length;

f. aromatic polyamide pulp.

ML15

‘First generation image intensifier tubes’

Electrostatically focused tubes, employing input and output fibre optic or glass face
plates, multi-alkali photocathodes (S-20 or S-25), but not microchannel plate
amplifiers.

ML22

‘In the public domain’

This means ‘technology’ or ‘software’ which has been made available without
restrictions upon its further dissemination.

Note

Copyright restrictions do not remove ‘technology’ or ‘software’ from being ‘in the
public domain’.

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ML5, 19

‘Laser’

An assembly of components which produce both spatially and temporally coherent
light that is amplified by stimulated emission of radiation.

ML10

‘Lighter-than-air vehicles’

Balloons and airships that rely on hot air or on lighter-than-air gases such as
helium or hydrogen for their lift.

ML17

‘Nuclear reactor’

Includes the items within or attached directly to the reactor vessel, the equipment
which controls the level of power in the core, and the components which normally
contain or come into direct contact with or control the primary coolant of the
reactor core.

ML8

‘Recursors’

Speciality chemicals used in the manufacture of explosives.

ML21, 22

‘Production’

Means all production stages, such as: product engineering, manufacture, integra-
tion, assembly (mounting), inspection, testing, quality assurance.

ML8

‘Propellants’

Substances or mixtures that react chemically to produce large volumes of hot gases
at controlled rates to perform mechanical work.

ML4, 8

‘Pyrotechnic(s)’

Mixtures of solid or liquid fuels and oxidizers which, when ignited, undergo an
energetic chemical reaction at a controlled rate intended to produce specific time
delays, or quantities of heat, noise, smoke, visible light or infrared radiation. Pyro-
phorics are a subclass of pyrotechnics, which contain no oxidizers but ignite spon-
taneously on contact with air.

ML22

‘Required’

As applied to ‘technology’, refers to only that portion of ‘technology’ which is
peculiarly responsible for achieving or exceeding the controlled performance levels,
characteristics or functions. Such ‘required’
‘technology’ may be shared by different
products.

ML7

‘Riot control agents’

Substances which, under the expected conditions of use for riot control purposes,
produce rapidly in humans sensory irritation or disabling physical effects which
disappear within a short time following termination of exposure. (Tear gases are a
subset of ‘riot control agents’.)

ML17

‘Robot’

A manipulation mechanism, which may be of the continuous path or of the point-
to-point variety, may use sensors, and has all the following characteristics:

a. Is multifunctional;

b. Is capable of positioning or orienting material, parts, tools or special devices

through variable movements in three dimensional space;

c. Incorporates three or more closed or open loop servo-devices which may

include stepping motors; and

d. Has ‘user-accessible programmability’ by means of the teach/playback method
or by means of an electronic computer which may be a programmable logic
controller, i.e., without mechanical intervention.

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Note

The above definition does not include the following devices:

1. Manipulation mechanisms which are only manually/ teleoperator controllable;

2. Fixed sequence manipulation mechanisms which are automated moving
devices, operating according to mechanically fixed programmed motions. The
programme is mechanically limited by fixed stops, such as pins or cams. The
sequence of motions and the selection of paths or angles are not variable or
changeable by mechanical, electronic or electrical means;

3. Mechanically controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are
automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically
fixed
programmed motions. The programme is mechanically limited by fixed, but
adjustable stops, such as pins or cams. The sequence of motions and the selec-
tion of paths or angles are variable within the fixed programme pattern.
Variations or modifications of the programme pattern (e.g., changes of pins or
exchanges of cams)
in one or more motion axes are accomplished only
through mechanical operations;

4. Non-servo-controlled variable sequence manipulation mechanisms which are
automated moving devices, operating according to mechanically
fixed
programmed motions. The programme is variable but the sequence proceeds
only by the binary signal from mechanically fixed electrical binary devices or
adjustable stops;

5. Stacker cranes defined as Cartesian coordinate manipulator systems manufac-
tured as an integral part of a vertical array of storage bins and designed to
access the contents of those bins for storage or retrieval.

ML21

‘Software’

A collection of one or more ‘programmes’ or ‘microprogrammes’ fixed in any
tangible medium of expression.

ML19

‘Space qualified’

Products designed, manufactured and tested to meet the special electrical, mechan-
ical or environmental requirements for use in the launch and deployment of satel-
lites or high altitude flight systems operating at altitudes of 100 km or higher.

ML18, 20

‘Superconductive’

Refers to materials,(i.e., metals, alloys or compounds) which can lose all electrical
resistance (i.e., which can attain infinite electrical conductivity and carry very large
electrical currents without Joule heating).

Technical Note

The ‘superconductive’ state of a material is individually characterised by a ‘critical
temperature’, a critical magnetic field, which is a function of temperature, and a
critical current density which is, however, a function of both magnetic field and
temperature.

ML22

‘Technology’

Specific information necessary for the ‘development’,
product. The information takes the form of technical data or technical assistance.

‘production’ or ‘use’ of a

Technical Notes

1.

2.

‘Technical data’ may take forms such as blueprints, plans, diagrams, models,
formulae, tables, engineering designs and specifications, manuals and instruc-
tions written or recorded on other media or devices such as disk, tape, read-
only memories.

‘Technical assistance’ may take forms such as instruction, skills,
working knowledge, consulting services.
transfer of ‘technical data’.

training,
‘Technical assistance’ may involve

ML21, 22

‘Use’

Operation,
repair, overhaul and refurbishing.

installation (including on-site installation), maintenance (checking),