Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the operation of the common organisation of the market in bananas
Date: 2005-02-17
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: ACP countries, common organisation of markets, import, tropical fruit

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 

Brussels, 17.02.2005 
COM(2005) 50 final 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION 
TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL 

on the operation of the common organisation of the market in bananas 

EN 

   EN 

 
 
 
  
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................ 3 

1. 

1.1. 

1.2. 

1.3. 

1.4. 

STRUCTURE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CMO IN BANANAS .................................... 3 

Producers’ organisations .............................................................................................. 3 

Compensatory aid......................................................................................................... 4 

Structural measures ...................................................................................................... 5 

Trade with third countries ............................................................................................ 5 

1.4.1. 

Import regime (EU-15) ................................................................................................ 5 

1.4.2.  Licence usage and operators in the (EU-15) ................................................................ 6 

1.4.3.  Transitional measures due to enlargement (EU-10)..................................................... 7 

1.4.4.  Negotiations under Articles XXIV.6 and XXVIII of the GATT ................................. 7 

2. 

3. 

SPECIAL FRAMEWORK OF ASSISTANCE FOR TRADITIONAL ACP BANANA SUPPLIERS.... 7 

MARKET TRENDS .......................................................................................................... 8 

3.1. 

Supply of the Community market ................................................................................ 8 

3.1.1.  EU production .............................................................................................................. 8 

3.1.2.  EU imports ................................................................................................................... 8 

3.1.3.  Prices ............................................................................................................................ 9 

EN 

2 

   EN 

 
INTRODUCTION 

Article 32 of Council Regulation (EEC) No 404/93 on the common organisation of the market 
in  bananas1  stipulates  that  no  later  than  31  December  2004  the  Commission  is  to  present  a 
report  to  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council  on  the  operation  of  the  common  market 
organisation  (CMO)  in  bananas.  The  present  factual  report  provides  an  overview  of  the 
functioning of the banana CMO as of 1999. 

An in-depth evaluation of the implementation of the CMO as of 1993 is currently under way 
and  is  to  be  completed  in  the  second  quarter  of  2005.  Simultaneously,  the  Commission  has 
engaged into negotiations under Article XXVIII of the GATT in order to introduce a “tariff 
only” regime for banana imports as of 1 January 2006 at the latest. 

On the basis of the results of the evaluation, the Commission will deepen the debate with its 
institutional,  economic  and  social  partners  on  possible  improvements  of  the  CMO. 
Appropriate  proposals  could  be  submitted  to  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council 
following this debate. 

1. 

STRUCTURE AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CMO IN BANANAS 

The  common  market  organisation  in  bananas  has  been  set  up  through  Council  Regulation 
(EEC) No 404/932 adopted on 13 February 1993 as part of the creation of the single market. It 
covers  common  quality  and  marketing  standards,  producers’  organisations,  assistance  to 
Community  producers,  and  trade  with  third  countries.  The  banana  CMO  over  the  years  has 
undergone  several  modifications,  notably  in  1998  and  2001,  especially  in  relation  to  the 
import regime. 

1.1. 

Producers’ organisations 

The 21 existing producers’ organisations regroup the totality of Community banana producers 
and are distributed as follows:  

Canary Islands 
Guadeloupe 
Martinique 
Madeira 
Azores 
Algarve 
Crete 
Laconia 
[Cyprus  

5 
2 
4 
2 
5 
1 
1 
1 
1 to be created]. 

The  minimal  size  of  the  organisation,  in  terms  of  number  of  producers  and  of  quantity  of 
bananas  commercialised,  varies  in  function  of  the  production  structure  of  the  producing 
region. 

1 

2 

OJ  L  47,  25.2.1993,  p.  1.  Article  as  amended  by  Council  Regulation  (EC)  No  1637/98  (OJ L 210, 
28.7.1998, p. 28). 
OJ L 47, 25.2.1993, p. 1. Regulation as last amended by the 2003 Act of Accession. 

EN 

3 

   EN 

 
                                                 
1.2. 

Compensatory aid 

The compensatory aid is calculated on the basis of the difference between: 

•  the "flat-rate reference income" for bananas produced and marketed within the Community 

and 

•  the "average production income" obtained on the Community market during each year for 

bananas produced and marketed within the Community. 

The original flat-rate reference income was determined for the ex-packing shed stage on the 
basis of the information on average prices recorded in 1991. Subsequently, it was increased 
by  5%  in  1998  and  by  up  to  8%  from  1999  as  a  result  of  the  Agricultural  Council  of  June 
1998. The present level amounts to EUR 64.03 per 100 kilograms. 

The maximum quantity of Community bananas eligible under the compensatory aid scheme is 
fixed at 867 500 tonnes. This maximum quantity is broken down for each producer region in 
the Community as follows: 

Canary Islands 
Guadeloupe 
Martinique 
Madeira, the Azores and the Algarve 
Crete and Lakonia 
Cyprus 

420 000 t 
150 000 t 
219 000 t 
50 000 t 
15 000 t 
13 500 t.

In 2001, the Council introduced a provision3 authorising the Member States not to grant the 
compensatory aid for banana production resulting from new plantations. This provision can be 
applied when a Member State considers that there is a risk for the sustainable development of 
the production areas, with particular reference to conservation of the environment, protection 
of  the  soils  and  the  characteristic  features  of  the  landscape.  Commission  Decision  of 
31 May 20024  permitted  Spain 
temporary  measure  excluding  from 
introduce  a 
compensatory  aid  marketed  produce  of  new  banana  plantations  planted  on  or  after 
1 June 2002. 

to 

The  EU  budget  expense  under  compensatory  aid  varies  according  to  the  evolution  of  the 
market prices obtained by the Community producers and to the marketed quantities in a given 
year.  The  average  yearly  expenditure  within 
to 
EUR 249 million. 

the  period  1999–2003  amounts 

A  supplementary  aid  has  been  granted  to  producer  regions,  when  their  average  production 
income was at least 10% lower than the average Community income. In general, with a view 
to  encourage  a  market-oriented  approach  by  the  Community  producers,  the  amount  of 
supplementary  aid  granted  is  inversely  proportional  to  the  gap  between  regional  and 
Community price. 

A  detailed  assessment  of  the  functioning  and  the  cost-effectiveness  of  the  internal  regime, 
including possible shortcomings in its application, will be carried out within the evaluation of 
the CMO currently under way. 

3 
4 

Council Regulation (EC) No 2587/2001 (OJ L 345, 19.12.2001, p. 13). 
Commission Decision 2002/414/CE (OJ L 148, 6.6.2002, p. 28). 

EN 

4 

   EN 

 
                                                 
Detailed  data  on  the  amounts  of  the  “basic”  compensatory  aid  and  of  supplementary  aid  as 
well as on budget expenditure for the years 1999–2003 are shown in Annex 1. 

1.3. 

Structural measures 

Banana  producers  are  also  entitled  to  structural  support  in  the  framework  of  rural 
development  measures,  generally  applicable  to  various  products  and  financed  through  the 
EAGGF. The legal basis for this support is Council Regulation (EC) No 1257/19995. 

Three  kinds  of  measures  of  rural  development  are  applicable  to  bananas:  farm  investments, 
improving  the  processing  and  marketing  of  agricultural  products  and  agro-environmental 
measures.  Such  measures  were  included  in  the  Operational  Programmes  of  the  producing 
regions.  The  synergy  between  the  various  Community  aid  instruments  to  the  banana  sector 
will be specifically analyzed within the evaluation. 

1.4. 

Trade with third countries 

1.4.1. 

Import regime (EU-15) 

The import regime has undergone two significant modifications in 1998 and in 2001. 

The 1998 reform was laid down in Council Regulation (EC) No 1637/98 of 20 July 19986 and 
implemented  by  Commission  Regulation  (EC)  No  2362/98  of  28  October  19987.  The 
modified regime came into force on 1 January 1999. The division of operators on the basis of 
category  and  function  was  abandoned  in  favour  of  a  single  division  into  "traditional 
operators" and "newcomers". The newcomers had access to a bigger share of the tariff quota – 
8% instead of the initial 3.5%. The allocations of "traditional operators" were established on 
the basis of recent "actual imports", that is the release into free circulation and the payment of 
import duty. The licences could be used for the import of both dollar and ACP bananas (the 
principle of "single pot").  

In January 2001 the Council decided that a tariff-only import regime had to take place no later 
than  January  20068.  Consistently  with  the  Understandings  concluded  between  the  EU  and 
respectively the United States and Ecuador in April 2001, an interim regime through import 
licences is being currently applied as of 1 July 2001. The waivers to Articles I and XIII of the 
GATT  obtained  in  November  2001  have  allowed  to  reserve  quota  C  (750 000  tonnes)  for 
ACP countries, and to apply a zero tariff duty to ACP bananas imported within the three tariff 
quotas A/B and C. For that purpose, the common market organisation has been amended by 
Council  Regulations  No  216/2001  of  25  January  2001  and  No  2587/2001  of 
19 December 20019. Implementing rules have been adopted by Commission Regulation (EC) 
No 896/2001 of 7 May 200110. 

The following three tariff quotas apply: 

5 

6 
7 

8 
9 
10 

OJ  L  160,  26.6.1999,  p.  80.  Regulation  as  last  amended  by  Regulation  (EC)  No  583/2004  (OJ  L  91, 
30.3.2004, p. 1). 
OJ L 210, 28.7.1998, p. 28. 
OJ  L  293,  31.10.2004,  p.  32.  Regulation  as  last  amended  by  Regulation  (EC)  1632/2000  (OJ  L  187, 
26.7.2000, p.27). 
Regulation (EEC) No 216/2001 (OJ L 31, 2.2.2001, p. 2). 
OJ L 345, 29.12.2001, p. 13. 
OJ  L  126,  8.5.2001,  p.  6.  Regulation  as  last  amended  by  Regulation  (EC)  No  838/2004  (OJ  L  127, 
29.4.2004, p. 52). 

EN 

5 

   EN 

 
                                                 
•  Quota A: 2 200 000 tonnes at a bound tariff rate of EUR 75/t (0 for ACP bananas), 

•  Quota B (autonomous TRQ),: 453 000 tonnes at a tariff of EUR 75/t (0 for ACP bananas), 

•  Quota C: 750 000 tonnes at a tariff of EUR 0/t (reserved to ACP bananas). 

Quotas A and B are open to bananas of any origin, the C quota is reserved for ACP countries. 
Banana  imports  outside  the  quotas  are  subject  to  a  customs  duty  of  EUR 680/t.  and  ACP 
bananas benefit from a tariff preference of EUR 300/t. 

83% of the quantities available  under the A/B quota are allocated to  "traditional operators", 
and  17%  to  "non-traditional  operators".  Within  the  C  quota  the  above  percentages  are 
respectively 89% and 11%.  

Import  licence  arrangements  for  traditional  operators  are  managed  on  the  basis  of  historical 
references. The reference quantity for each traditional operator is established on the basis of 
the average of his primary imports during 1994, 1995 and 1996 taken into account for 1998. 
To update the data, the reference quantities for traditional operators for 2004 and for 2005 are 
calculated on the basis of the usage of import licences in 2002 and in 2003 respectively. 

1.4.2.  Licence usage and operators in the (EU-15) 

Imports  of  bananas  into  the  Community  are  made  on  basis  of  import  licences  issued  by 
Member  States  at  the  request  of  the  registered  operators.  Licences  are  valid  in  the  whole 
Community. 

During the period January 1999–June  2001, licences available for dollar bananas have  been 
practically  used  in  their  totality.  However,  licences  for  bananas  originating  from  the 
traditional  ACP  suppliers11  have  not  been  fully  utilised.  In  1999  traditional  operators  have 
used 88% of licences available to them, and newcomers just 36%. In 2000 these figures were 
respectively 84% and 46%. In the same period 625 traditional operators were registered while 
the number of newcomers was constantly increasing up to 1383 in the second half 2001. 

In 2001, which was a transition year, licences were used in full in case of quota A/B. In case 
of  quota  C,  86.6%  were  used.  The  performance  improved  in  the  following  years.  In  2002 
licences have been used in full in case of quota A/B and in 95% in case of quota C. In 2003 
all quotas have been used 100%. 

Within the period July 2001–2003, the number of traditional operators remained rather stable 
with 174 traditional operators overall in 2003 (respectively 147 A/B and 26 C operators). 

Within the same period the number of non-traditional operators has been steadily increasing, 
especially within the C quota. The number of non traditional operators in quota A/B increased 
from 188 in the second half of 2001 to 220 in 2003. In quota C it increased from 37 to 79. 

11 

12  ACP  countries:  Belize,  Cameroon,  Cape  Verde,  Ivory  Coast,  Dominica,  Grenada,  Jamaica, 
Madagascar, Somalia, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Suriname. 

EN 

6 

   EN 

 
                                                 
1.4.3.  Transitional measures due to enlargement (EU-10) 

An additional quantity of 300 000 tonnes has been fixed for imports of bananas into the new 
Member States for the period 1 May – 31 December 200412. For the year 2005, the additional 
quantity has been fixed at the level of 460 000 tonnes13. 

The  additional  quantity  has  been  fixed  on  a  transitional  basis.  It  is  managed  separately,  but 
using the same mechanisms and instruments as in the case of the tariff quotas A/B and C. It 
should  in  no  way  prejudge  the  outcome  of  WTO  negotiations  and  could  be  increased  if 
justified by demand. 

1.4.4.  Negotiations under Articles XXIV.6 and XXVIII of the GATT 

On  19  January  2004,  the  EC  notified  to  the  WTO  the  withdrawal  of  the  EC  schedule,  the 
withdrawal of the schedules of the ten new Member States and the temporary application of 
the  EC  schedule  for  the  EC-25  pending  the  finalisation  of  negotiations  concerning 
compensatory  adjustment  as  well  as  the  EC's  readiness  to  enter  into  negotiations  to  address 
compensatory  adjustments  under  Article  XXIV.6  of  the  GATT.  On  22  March  2004,  the 
Council  authorised  the  Commission  to  conduct  Article-XXIV.6  negotiations  with  the 
Community’s trading partners. 

On  4  June  2004,  the  Council  authorised  the  Commission  to  conduct  Article-XXVIII 
negotiations. On 15 July 2004, the Commission has notified the WTO about its intention to 
modify the bindings on bananas in the Community GATT tariff. Negotiations have started in 
November. 

2. 

SPECIAL FRAMEWORK OF ASSISTANCE FOR TRADITIONAL ACP BANANA SUPPLIERS 

In  order  to  tackle  the  problems  of  competitiveness,  the  EC  has  put  in  place  the  Special 
Framework  of  Assistance  (SFA)  for  traditional  ACP  banana  suppliers.  Set  up  in  1999  by 
Council Regulation (EC) No 856/199914 of 22 April 1999, the SFA seeks to assist traditional 
ACP banana suppliers in their adaptation to the changing market situation. The funds of the 
scheme are helping the beneficiary countries to improve the competitiveness of their banana 
sectors,  and  to  support  diversification  where  improvement  in  the  competitiveness  of  the 
banana sector is not sustainable. 

Within  the  period  1999–2003  a  total  of  EUR  216.18  million  has  been  assigned  to  the 
beneficiary  countries.  The  biggest  beneficiaries  of  the  funding  are  the  Windward  Isles15, 
where 51% of the funds within the period have been assigned.  

The Commission regularly submits reports on the implementation of the SFA to the European 
Parliament and the Council. 

12 
13 
14 
15 

Commission Regulation (EC) No 838/2004 (OJ L 127, 29.4.2004, p. 52). 
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1892/2004 (OJ L 328, 30.10.2004, p. 50). 
OJ L 108, 27.4.1999, p. 2. 
Dominica, Grenade, St. Lucia, St. Vincent & Grenadines. 

EN 

7 

   EN 

 
                                                 
3. 

MARKET TRENDS 

3.1. 

Supply of the Community market 

Appropriate graphics are given in Annex 2. 

3.1.1.  EU production 

The  total  EU-15  production  with  754 000  tonnes  in  2003  constitutes  roughly  1%  of  world 
production in the same year (Figure 2, Annex 2).  

In  the  years  1999–2003  the  EU-15  production  has  been  fluctuating  around  750 000  tonnes, 
and has overall increased by 3.5%. Within this period of time, the evolution of production has 
differed from one Member State to another (Figure 3, Annex 2). 

3.1.2.  EU imports 

The  EU-15  market  absorbs  4  million  tonnes  of  bananas  a  year,  this  number  has  been 
fluctuating  and  has  overall  increased  by  5%  during  the  period  1999–2003.  The  EU-15 
countries  import  roughly  82%  of  the  bananas  consumed  on  its  market  that  is  3.4  tonnes 
(2003). This number is composed in 63% of "dollar bananas", originating in Latin America, 
and in 19% of bananas originating in ACP countries. The remaining 18% of the market share 
goes to bananas of Community origin (Figure 1, Annex 2). 

The share of bananas  of the  three different origins  on  the  EU  market  has  been  rather  stable 
over the years, but although the aggregate numbers do not experience significant change, the 
structure  of  imports  within  "dollar"  and  especially  ACP  banana  suppliers  is  changing 
(Figure 6, Annex 2). 

Among  the  suppliers  of  "dollar  bananas",  the  dominance  of  the  four  biggest  exporters: 
Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia and Panama has always been evident (97% of the total dollar 
banana imports), the others suppliers being much less significant (Figures 4 and 7, Annex 2).  

Among  the  ACP  countries,  the  evolution  of  EU  supply  has  differed  a  lot  between  the 
suppliers. The Caribbean supplies to the EU have overall dropped by 9.6% within the years 
1999–2003 and constitute currently 36.8% of total imports from ACP countries. The decrease 
has  been  especially  marked  in  case  of  the  Windward  Islands whose exports to the EU have 
dropped  by  51.1%.  On  the  other  hand  the  Dominican  Republic  has  over  the  same  period 
increased its exports to the EU by 159%, and currently accounts for 14% of the ACP figure 
(6%  in  1999).  The  share  of  African  ACPs,  in  particular  Cameroon  has  increased  between 
1999  and  2003  by  83%,  and  constitutes  currently  37%  of  the  total  ACP  figure  (Figures  5 
and 8, Annex 2). 

Out of the 10 new Member States that have joined the EU in May 2004 the biggest import 
market  is  Poland.  In  2003,  98%  of  bananas  imported  by  new  Member  States  were  "dollar 
bananas". The biggest share of the market is held by Ecuador (49%), followed by Colombia 
(21%),  Panama  (13%)  and  Costa  Rica  (12%).  Bananas  of  Caribbean  origin  are  practically 
inexistent on the market. The share of African ACP bananas is 2% (Figure 9, Annex 2). 

EN 

8 

   EN 

 
3.1.3.  Prices 

3.1.3.1.  Green banana prices 

CIF  import  prices  of  bananas  have  experienced  a  rise  of  8%  over  1999–2003,  and  in  2003 
they were at an average level (ACP and dollar bananas) of EUR 598 per tonne (Figures 10, 
11, 12 and 13, Annex 2). 

3.1.3.2.  Yellow banana prices 

The  wholesale  prices  of  yellow  bananas  on  the  EU  market  have  been  fluctuating  over  the 
years.  Within  the  period  1999–2003  they  were  at  an  average  level  of  EUR  808  per  tonne 
(Figures 14 and 15, Annex 2) 

The price gap between the CIF and wholesale value of bananas over 1999–2003 was at the 
average level of 28% for ACP bananas and of 55% for dollar bananas. 

EN 

9 

   EN 

 
ANNEX I 

 Evolution of compensatory aid

(Quantities expressed in tonnes; value in EUR/t)

PORTUGAL

FRANCE

SPAIN

MARTINIQUE GUADELOUPE

GREECE EU AVERAGE Evolution
in relation to 

WEIGHTED

1999
Price at ex-packing shed stage (1)

Quantity

21.770
277

Aid
Suplementary aid
Total aid (2)
Total (1) + (2)

297
49,9
347
624

2000
Price at ex-packing shed stage (1)

Quantity

22.461
213

Aid
Suplementary aid
Total aid (2)
Total (1) + (2)

383
33,2
416
629

258.501
284

297
29,9
327
610

271.269
234

383
-
383
617

2001
Price at ex-packing shed stage (1)

Quantity

20.682
250

233.716
358

Aid
Suplementary aid
Total aid (2)
Total (1) + (2)

284
80
364
614

284
-
284
642

2002
Price at ex-packing shed stage (1)

Quantity

21.903
315

263.880
253

Aid
Suplementary aid
Total aid (2)
Total (1) + (2)

303
 -
303
618

303
33
337
590

2003
Price at ex-packing shed stage (1)

Quantity

21.382
321

243.706
207

Aid
Suplementary aid
Total aid (2)
Total (1) + (2)

295
 -
295
615

295
52
347
554

Budgetary cost of compenastory aid per commercial year

1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

232
302
219
253
239

Mio EUR
Mio EUR
Mio EUR
Mio EUR
Mio EUR

Source: Member state communications

83.508
231

297
84,5
381
612

87.592
215

383
19,1
402
617

89.042
364

284
-
284
648

95.063
227

303
46
349
576

85.517
209

295
52
346
555

362.188
415

297
-
297
712

397.578
283

383
-
383
666

420.919
359

284
-
284
642

407.343
417

303
-
303
720

400.941
460

295
-
295
754

3.336
516

297
-
297
813

3.275
473

383
-
383
856

2.909
487

284
-
284
770

2.433
458

303
-
303
761

2.670
447

295
-
295
742

729.304
343

297
22
319
662

782.175
257

383
3
386
643

767.268
357

284
2
286
642

790.622
337

303
17
320
657

754.216
346

295
23
317
663

previous year

+7,2%
-25,0%

+29,0%

-1,9%
+38,6%

-25,9%

+3,0%
-5,5%

+6,9%

-4,6%
+2,6%

-2,9%

EN 

10 

   EN 

 
 
ANNEX 2 

Figure 1. EU15 Banana Supply in 2003.

63%

Dollar

18%

EU production

Source: Eurostat (NC code 08030019)

19%

ACP 

Figure 2.  EU Banana Production in 2003 (tonnes)
Total EU: 754 216 tonnes

Portugal
21.382
3%

France
329.223
44%

Source: Member States communications 

Greece
2.670
0,4%

Spain
400.941
53%

Figure 3. EU banana production (tonnes).

800.000

600.000

400.000

200.000

0

2001
Source: Member States communications 

2000

1999

Greece

Port.

France

Spain

2002

2003

EN 

11 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Figure 4, EU15 Import of Dollar Banana in 2003 
(tonnes)

79.738

Other 

Panama

303.471

672.567

Colombia

Source: Eurostat - August 2004 

799.642

Ecuador 

Costa Rica 

725.222

Figure 5, EU15 import of ACP Banana in 2003 
(tonnes)

Cameroon 
293.319

Other ACP 
2.286

Ivory-Coast 
202.036

Dominican 
Rep. 
109.434

Jamaïca 
41.775

Windwards 
64.351

Belize 
73.806

Figure 6, Evolution of Bananas Supply in EU-15 (tonnes)

Do llar B anana

A CP  B anana

EU P ro ductio n

4.000.000

3.000.000

2.000.000

1.000.000

0

1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Source: Eurostat - August 2004

EN 

12 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Figure 7. Evolution of EU15 Import from the 4 main Dollar 
banana countries (tonnes)

800.000

600.000

400.000

200.000

0

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Source: Eurostat

Figure 8. Evolution of EU15 Import from the 5 main ACP 
region/Countries (tonnes)

300.000

250.000

200.000

150.000

100.000

50.000

0

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Source: Eurostat 

Ecuado r

Co sta Rica

co lo mbia

P anama

Camero o n

Ivo ry Co ast

Windwards

Do minican
Rep.
B elize

ACP
bananas

Dollar
bananas

Figure 9. Evolution of Banana Supply in the 10 New MS (tonnes)

12.718

600.000

400.000

689.302

200.000

0

16.069

20.002

13.144

13.341

576.473

540.908

511.871

564.802

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Source: Eurostat - July 2004

EN 

13 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Figure 10. CIF prices Evolution in EU15 of the 3 main regions (Eur/tonne)

Dollar

Africa

Caribbean

700

650

600

550

500

700

650

600

550

500

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Figure 11. CIF prices Evolution in EU15 of the African bananas

Cameroon

Ivory Coast

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Figure 12. CIF Prices Evolution in EU15 of the 4 main Dollar banana countries 
(Eur/tonne)

Ecuador

Costa Rica

colombia

Panama

700

600

500

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

EN 

14 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Figure 13. CIF  prices Evolution in EU15 of the 3 main Caribbean bananas

Windw ards

Dominican Rep.

Belize

800

750

700

650

600

550

500

EUROSTAT

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Figure 14. Yellow Bananas: Evolution of wholesale prices    (Eur/kg )

Dollar bananas

ACP bananas

EU bananas

1,10

0,90

0,70

0,50

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004P

Source: Member States communications 

EN 

15 

   EN