Third Annual Report on the implementation of the EU Joint Action of 12 July 2002 on the European Union's contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light weapons (2002/589/CFSP)
Date: 2003-12-22
Institutions: Council of the European Union
Subjects: European arms policy, activity report, arms limitation, conventional weapon, cooperation policy, joint action

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(Acts adopted pursuant to Title V of the Treaty on European Union)

THIRD ANNUAL REPORT

on the implementation of the EU Joint Action of 12 July 2002 on the European Union's
contribution to combating the destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light
weapons (2002/589/CFSP)

(2003/C 312/01)

INTRODUCTION

1. On 26 June 1997 the EU Programme for Preventing and
Combating Illicit Trafficking in Conventional Arms was
adopted by the General Affairs Council of the European Union,
and on 12 July 2002 the European Council adopted a Joint
Action on the European Union's contribution to combating the
destabilising accumulation and uncontrolled spread of small
arms and light weapons repealing Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP.

2. The Associated Countries of Central and Eastern Europe,
Cyprus, Malta and Turkey as well as the EFTA countries
members of
the EEA have aligned themselves with this
programme and the joint action.

In pursuing the objectives of the Joint Action, the EU
3.
played an active role at the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade
in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (New
York, 9 to 20 July 2001), ending with the adoption of a UN
Programme of Action, as well as in the negotiations of the
Protocol Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in
Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition
supplementing
the United Nations Convention Against
Transnational Organised Crime, adopted by the UN General
Assembly on 31 May 2001.

In 2002 the European Union started elaborating a
4.
common position on arms brokering (finalised in June 2003),
requiring Member States to introduce ad hoc legislation in
order to effectively control the activities of brokers.

5. This report is structured in three parts. Part I covers the
national efforts to address the problems related to small arms
in the Member States, such as inter-agency cooperation, newly
enacted legislation and support for relevant research. Part II
deals with international measures,
such as assistance to
projects conducted by international or regional organisations,
to affected
or non-governmental organisations, assistance
EU
states,

international

conferences.

organising

and

cooperation with other states is also included in Part II. Finally,
in Part III the priorities for a more systematic approach to EU
assistance in the field of small arms and light weapons (SALW)
are discussed, as well as the lessons learnt from the experience
already accumulated by the EU and its Member States in this
field.

the Joint Action as well as

the
6. The report covers
Programme. Its scope is, in principle, limited to the year 2001.
Information on prior activities of the EU in application of the
joint action and the EU Programme can be found in the First
and Second Annual Report, as well as in the EU Commission's
publication ‘Small Arms and Light Weapons: the Response of
the European Union'.

7.
SALW-related projects under the Council Joint Action are
financed through the CFSP-budget under a specific article
‘non-proliferation and disarmament'. The implementation of
CFSP-projects is carried out by the European Commission.
European
Potential
Commission for guidance or other information on procedures
for SALW-related projects through the CFSP budget or address
the national contact points. Attention is drawn to the attached
annex in which SALW contact points within the EU are
contained.

should address

applicants,

etc.

the

I. NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION EFFORTS DURING 2002

I.A. Cooperation, coordination and exchange of
information between administrative and law enforcement
agencies

In Italy, the ad hoc working group on small arms and
8.
light weapons — established in Italy since June 2000 under
the coordination of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and which
includes representatives of relevant ministries, law enforcement
industrial associations
administrations and interested national
— met three times in 2002. Discussions were mainly focussed

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impact on the relevant national

on the future entry into force of the UN Protocol on Firearms
and its
legislation. Due
consideration was also given to the issue of brokering
activities, not regulated until now by the Italian law. Updates
of
fora
(European Union, United Nations, OSCE, Wassenaar
Arrangement) on aspects related to small arms and light
weapons were also provided.

international

carried out

in relevant

initiatives

Minister for Justice. An intermediary shall be considered to be
any person who,
for payment or free of charge, sets up
conditions with a view to the conclusion of a contract for the
purpose of negotiating, exporting or supplying abroad, or
holding for that purpose, weapons, munitions or material
specifically intended for military use or related technology,
whatever
and
irrespective of whether or not they enter Belgian territory, or
any person who concludes such a contract where the transport
is carried out by a third party'.

the origin or destination of

the goods

9. The Netherlands held bilateral consultations with Romania
and Slovakia about possible assistance of these two countries
in the field of arms export controls and legislation. The
consultations have led to fruitful working visits of Romanian
and Slovakian experts to the Netherlands in 2003.

10. Through the United Kingdom Global Conflict Prevention
Pool, the United Kingdom has provided support to a number
of governments to develop national action plans on SALW,
including drafting new appropriate national
legislation on
domestic manufacture, production, export, import and transfer
of SALW, and to prevent diversion.
In 2002/3, United
Kingdom customs have attended seminars between the EU and
the accessionary and associate countries in Sofia and Prague
the
and the licensing and enforcement experts meeting of
Wassenaar Arrangement
in June 2002. Customs have also
continued to conduct a series of export control awareness
raising visits to export control staff at ports and airports and
were involved in a number of seminars arranged by the United
Kingdom Defence Manufacturer's Association relating to the
new provisions in the Export Control Act 2002.

I.B. Newly enacted legislation, reviews of the practical
functioning of existing legislation

law amending the criminal

In the context of the international fight against terrorism
11.
law
Austria adopted a federal
(Strafrechtsänderungsgesetz, Federal Gazette I Nr. 134/2002)
which also addressed issues regarding illicit arms. Furthermore,
the Austrian government concluded agreements on police
cooperation with the governments of Bulgaria and Uzbekistan.
These agreements include provisions regarding the fight against
illicit trafficking in arms.

12. Belgium enacted the form of the law of 27 June 2002
concerning the profession of dealer/intermediary in the legal
trade in small arms. Article 10 of that law, amending the law
of 5 August 1991 on the importation, exportation and transit
of weapons, states that ‘no Belgian or foreigner residing or
trading in Belgium may … , negotiate, export or supply
that purpose, weapons, munitions or
abroad or hold for
material
related
intermediary in such transactions,
technology, or act as
without holding a licence for that purpose issued by the

specifically intended for military use or

13. However, a link must be established between the legal or
natural person of the trafficker and Belgium, in the form either
of a national
link or of residence. Breaches or attempted
breaches of this law are punishable by one month to five years'
imprisonment as well as a fine ranging from EUR 10 000 to
one million, or by one of
the
Belgian courts are competent to rule on breaches of the law
which are committed outside the territory if the defendant is
found in Belgium, even if the Belgian authorities have received
no complaint or official request from foreign authorities and
the offence is not punishable in the country where it was
committed.

these penalties. Moreover,

In Denmark, no new legislation on small arms was

14.
adopted in 2002.

15. A proposition concerning legislation on firearm amnesty
is presently under preparation in Finland. The legislation —
prepared together with the Ministry of the Interior, Ministry of
Defence, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Trade and
Industry — would come into force in autumn 2003 and be
established on a permanent basis. The purpose of the project
would be to decrease the number of illegal and unregistered
weapons in Finland and thereby increase public order and
security. Firearm amnesty project would make it possible to
surrender illegal small arms, ammunition and explosives to the
police without any punishment, provided that relevant small
arms have not been used in criminal acts. Owner of an illegal
firearm could also apply for a licence and keep the gun.
He/she could also convey the firearm to another licence holder
through the police within three months. Other possibilities for
action after small arms rendering would be its deactivation or
its re-rendering to the state. Illegal firearms will be sold by the
police in official public auction on behalf of the owner to the
collectors and other licensed arms holders. All illegal firearms
will be registered.

16. Rules concerning arms brokering were included to the
Finnish Act on the Export and Transit of Defence Materiel in
December 2002. The legislation was prepared and drafted by
the Ministry of Defence. The new legislation includes the
following elements:

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to the coverage of

— Brokering controls shall cover all defence materiel, as
defined in the act. The concept of defence materiel
is
basically identical
the Wassenaar
munitions' list as well as the EU common list of military
equipment, with one exception.
the civilian
firearms and ammunition (i.e. hunting and sporting
weapons and ammunition) are controlled in a different
legislative framework (Firearms Act, 1/1998) and come
with the competence of the Ministry of Interior.

In Finland,

— The guiding principle in the law drafting process was that
same controls shall apply to brokering as to export and
transit of defence materiel. This means that each individual
brokering transaction is subject to a brokering licence. The
competent licensing authority is the Ministry of Defence
and the Ministry for Foreign Affairs is responsible for
foreign and security policy considerations, as in the export
licensing cases. Export or brokering licence shall not be
granted
is
contradiction with Finland's foreign policy. The licensing
criteria are the same: the national criteria, the EU Code of
Conduct on Arms Exports as well as the OSCE Guidelines
— both included as annexes in the Finnish national
guidelines — the
and
international arms embargoes
principles and, of course,
will have to be applied.

international

jeopardises

Finland's

relevant

security

treaties

or

it

if

17. The end-use controls shall also be the same. In general,
Finland applies a fairly strict policy in this respect; an end-user
certificate is basically a mandatory prerequisite for granting an
export or a brokering licence
in all cases and to all
destinations. Also the sanctions shall be the same: the penalties
range from fines to four years of imprisonment. It was one of
Finland's priorities last year in the field of export control
legislation to introduce a legal framework for controlling arms
brokering. The main reason for this was the fact that lacking
brokering controls were seen as a loophole in the legislation of
Finland.
It was also regarded as a matter of priority to
implement the provision of the UN Firearms Protocol and the
OSCE Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons.

18. Definitions in the new legislation are mainly based on
the work of the EU Council Working Group, COARM, and on
the work of the Wassenaar Arrangement. A free translation of
the term brokering could be as follows:
‘activities where the
parties are brought in contact with each other with a view to
concluding a contract involving export or transfer of defence
materiel'. The travaux preparatoires describe the brokering as
‘buying and selling, where the products enter into the legal
the broker' and ‘mediating without direct
possession of
acquisition of property'. The broker, on the other hand,
is
described as ‘a private person or a legal entity negotiating or
arranging a contract that involve the export or transfer of

from a third country to another'. Third
defence materiel
countries cover here both the EU Member States and other
foreign countries.

is

scope

territorial

rather wide.

19. The
Licensing
requirement applies to brokering activities taking place in the
Finnish territory. However, when the products are transferred
through the Finnish territory, the ‘traditional' import, export
and transit controls apply instead.
In addition, there is an
extraterritorial
scope of application: when the brokering
transaction takes place outside the Finnish territory, licensing
requirement applies whenever the broker is a Finnish citizen,
Finnish legal entity or a Finnish resident. The Ministry of
Defence keeps a database of all licences granted. These licences
are public documents in Finland, as the export and transit
licences, and available for reading or photocopying at the MoD
registry. The MoD will also publish detailed statistics of all
licences granted on an annual basis. Finland is also planning to
set up a register of arms brokers. The relevant legislation is
under preparation by the competent authorities.

20. The Ministry of
Interior in Finland is also presently
preparing the implementation of the UN Firearms Protocol. A
motion to issue provisions on arms brokering concerning civil
firearms and ammunitions is currently under preparation.

In France,

repression of

identification and

21.
arms
trafficking are among the tasks of police, gendarmerie and
customs services. To this end, France established a centralised
inter-agency body (‘Central Office for Repression of Arms,
Explosives and Sensitive Goods Trafficking' — OCRTAEMS) at
the Central Department and judiciary police. Those structures
were strengtened in April 2002.

22. According to a regulation adopted in January 2002,
brokering activities related to military goods are included in
the framework of trade operations, thus requiring the issuance
of an authorisation prior to production and trade of concerned
goods. Brokers operating in France are obliged to be registered
and have to keep records of all their brokering activities.

23.
France supports Ecowas Moratorium on import, export
and production of SALW, decided by Heads of States and
Governments in October 1998 and renewed in 2001, and
respects
issuance of export
authorisations to be conditioned to the presentation, by the
buyer, of an exemption certificat
issued by the Ecowas
Executive Secretariat.

its provisions

requiring the

24. Germany participated in the negotiations of the Protocol
Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms,

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Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing
Transnational
the United Nations Convention Against
Organized Crime
of
ratification of the Firearms Protocol has been initiated.

Protocol). The

(Firearms

process

25. Germany fully supports and implements in her national
export control the following decisions:

— UN Security Council

resolutions
sensitive goods to countries subject to an (arms) embargo,

regarding export of

— Council Joint Action 2002/589/CFSP of 12 July 2002 on
the European Union's contribution to combating the
destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and
light weapons and repealing Joint Action 1999/34/CFSP,

— EU common positions regarding the export of sensitive

goods to specific destinations,

— Germany also respects regional moratoria, such as the
exportation and
Ecowas Moratorium on importation,
manufacture of
light weapons, adopted in Abuja on
31 October 1998, as renewed, and is interested in a close
cooperation with countries to implement that Moratorium
in the framework of the Wassenaar Arrangement.

26.
In Germany, both media and the educational system take
due note not only of the problems of illicit trade in SALW, but
also of the developmental
impacts connected with SALW in
particular. It would not seem unjustified to assume that the
in fact, does have a certain degree of
interested public,
awareness. Against
efforts
deserve to be underscored:

this background,

two specific

— at prime time, national television showed the destruction
of SALW stocks declared as surplus by the federal armed
forces,

— Unicef's endeavors to abolish the abuse of children and
minors as soldiers are broadly and repeatedly covered in
national media.

27. Both in her national decision-making process related to
all export and brokering control matters and in the practice of
her courts, Germany fully supports and implements arms
embargoes decided by the UN Security Council in accordance
with the UN Charter. The competent authorities will inevitably

dismiss license applications, if there is ground to believe, in the
individual case, that the envisaged activity would violate an
in
arms embargo imposed by the UN Security Council
accordance with the UN Charter. While arms embargoes,
in
principle, do not require transformation into municipal
law,
more comprehensive arrangements are in a number of cases
applied and implemented in accordance with relevant Council
regulations. The terms and provisions of the relevant embargo
are transposed into practice by turning down any license
applications
to
embargoed destinations. In Germany, contravening embargoes
imposed by the United Nations Security Council — for
instance by exporting SALW to embargoed destinations,
is
considered a serious crime and thus consistently prosecuted.
Illegal trade in SALW violating such an arms embargo yields
imprisonment not shorter
In minor (less
serious) cases, the custodial sanction may range between three
months and five years.

than two years.

such goods

concerning

export of

the

28. Technical information in English on the German system
of marking of arms and weapons as well as detailed
information on SALW confiscated or destroyed both within the
German jurisdiction and, with the assistance of the Federal
in the context of peace-keeping missions
Armed Forces,
overseas are part of the annual information exchange pursuant
to the OSCE Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons
and are available on internet at:
www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/de/infoservice/download/pdf/
friedenspolitik/abruestung/kleinw_2002.pdf

29.
In Greece, competent ministries are considering the
amendment of the legislation on arms exports in order to
regulate arms brokerage and to revise certain provisions of the
respective laws and related regulations. Taking into account the
threats posed by the excessive accumulation of SALW in South
Eastern Europe, Greek administrative and law enforcement
agencies have developed a strict border control regime. The
adopted measures led to a considerable increase (21 %) in the
number of
illicitly trafficked SALW which were confiscated
during 2002.

In line with the increasing focus on the importance of
30.
strengthening strategic export control rules,
Ireland (which
does not manufacture small arms or light weapons) is taking
steps to ensure that its export controls conform to the highest
the Department of
international standards.
Enterprise, Trade and Employment has commissioned a review
of
systems with a view to
recommending how best we can modernise and strengthen
them, address identified gaps (e.g. arms brokering) and ensure
full compliance with Ireland's international obligations. Under

In this context,

strategic

Ireland's

controls

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current Irish legislation, the import and export of small arms
to EU countries must be licensed in accordance with the
Firearms Acts, 1925 and 1964 and the EC (acquisition and
possession of) Weapons and Ammunition Regulations, 1993.
Exports of firearms to all countries are also subject to the
control of Exports Act, 1983 and orders made thereunder, and
to the international obligations and responsibilities derived
from membership of the UN, EU, OSCE and other entities
which involve regulation of exports such as the Wassenaar
Arrangement.

31. As in Italy no new legislation was passed in 2002 on
small arms and light weapons, relevant national law continues
to divide them into two categories:

— weapons for military use,

regulated by law 185/1990
(authorisations for import, export or transit of military
weapons are issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
acting in agreement with the Ministry of Defence),

— common

firearms,

110/1975
regulated
(authorisations for import, export or transit of common
firearms are issued by the Ministry of Interior).

law

by

introduced in 2002 in
32. As no new legislation was
Luxembourg,
the law of 15 March 1983 on arms and
munitions and the Grand-Ducal regulation of 31 October 1995
on the importation, exportation and transit of weapons,
munitions and material specifically intended for military use
and related technology constitute the relevant legal basis. They
are published in the memorial (Luxembourg Official Gazette).
The existing legislation is still being revised. To guarantee
international coordination on small arms and light weapons,
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been given responsibility
for liaising with other states and organisations.

33.
In the Netherlands, the new licensing system for transit
of military goods has entered into force as of 1 January 2002.
Transit of goods through the Netherlands is covered by the
Import and Export Act and by the Arms and Ammunition Act.
Both laws have been amended in 2001 in order to improve
the control of transit of military goods. The Import and Export
Act has been made applicable to the transit of military goods
(all items on the WA list) to non-EU countries. The amended
arms and ammunition law regulates the transit of ‘arms and
ammunition' to EU Member States. Under the amended Import
and Export Act and its operative secondary legislation it is
obligatory to notify the Dutch authorities of consignments of

certain types of arms. These are the categories of small arms
and light weapons as set out in the Joint Action on combating
destabilising accumulations and proliferation of small arms and
light weapons.

in

are

there

indications

particular where

34. The new Netherlands transit regulation imposes a generic
mandatory licence for cases where military goods in transit
remain in the Netherlands for an extended period of time or
where they undergo some processing operation in the course
of the transit. In addition, the possibility was created for the
imposition of an ad hoc mandatory licence for
transit
consignments of military goods. This latter possibility will be
that
used
consignments are not already subject to the effective export
control of the country of origin or where it would appear that,
in the course of their transit through Netherlands territory,
consignments are redirected to a destination other than that
intended upon the issuance of an export licence. The amended
Arms and Ammunition Act has been made applicable to
export or transit of 'arms and ammunition' to EU Member
States, and continues to be applicable to import of
these
goods. A license is required for such export, transit or import.
In case of export or transit a license will be refused if the
applicant cannot prove that the competent authorities of the
EU Member State for which the arms or ammunition are
destined do not object against the presence of these goods on
their territory.

35.
In 2002, new legislation has been drafted in Spain,
regulating the foreing trade in defense and dual use goods.
This new regulation is expected to be approved during the
second semester of 2003. The new rules make it necessary for
all exports of defense and dual use goods to have as a final
destination a public institution (armed forces and public
security bodies) when there exists a danger of deviation of final
destination. Likewise,
the competent authorities could deny
authorization for transactions of defense and security material
if there are enough reasons to believe that this material can be
used to violate human rights or in any form contrary to the
In this connection, a
inherent dignity of the human being.
document of
the
specifying
accomplishment of all the legal conditions for the goods to be
is estabilshed
exported. Apart
implemented by the customs authorities and the central
inspection for arms and explosives.

from that, a double control

control will be

required,

36.
Spain has implemented all embargoes in force within the
framework of United Nations, the EU and the OSCE and fully
respected all the commitments assumed in international fora
on arms control and non-proliferation. Thus,
in accordance
with the small arms Moratorium of the Ecowas (Community of
States of Western Africa) Spain did not authorize any export
of defense material during 2002 with final destination to any
three vision and
country of
orientation equipments to Ghana, to be used by the United
Nations peace forces. Finally, Spain has supported all initiatives
presented in international
fora aimed at attaining more
transparency and a better control in the trade of this kind of
arms.

this community, except

for

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In Sweden, no new legislation regarding small arms and

37.
light weapons was passed in 2002.

Italian security forces also seized,
additional 8 365 firearms of different models.

in the Italian territory,

facilitate

In July 2002, the United Kingdom published its Fifth
38.
Annual Report on Strategic Export Controls, covering calendar
year 2001. This publication now has command paper status
which is a requirement by law under the Export Control Act.
The Export Control Act received royal assent in July 2002.
Under draft
implementing legislation, SALW trafficking and
brokering activities that take place partly or wholly in the
United Kingdom will require a licence. Full extra territorial
controls will be introduced on United Kingdom persons whose
to
activities
embargoed destinations. The Export Control Act will also be
used to introduce new controls on the transfer abroad of
military technology by electronic means and the transfer of
technology by any means or
technical
assistance overseas which is or may be intended for use in
connection with a weapons of mass destruction programme.
United Kingdom Customs are tightening up their controls of
registered firearms dealers
review and
frontier controls continue to be more effectively targeted on
illicit goods using high quality intelligence and risk assessment
techniques.

supply of military equipment

following a major

the provision of

the

II. INTERNATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION EFFORTS DURING
2002

II.A. Measures to combat the accumulation and spread of
small arms and light weapons, and to prevent illicit
trafficking in conventional arms

II.A.1. Financial, technical and other assistance given to relevant

programmes and projects conducted by the UN, ICRC and
other international or regional organisations and NGOs

II.A.1.1. A c t i o n s a n d p r o j e c t s s u p p o r t e d b y t h e

E u r o p e a n U n i o n

I.C. Training of administration, law enforcement agencies,
judicial organs

39. Different courses and seminars were organized in Spain
in order to disseminate the legal treatment for preventing and
combating illicit trafficking in arms all through the year. These
activities are oriented to public officers and agencies with a
view to disseminate the rules regulating this matter.

European Union

42. On 11 November 2002 the Council adopted Council
Decision 2002/904/CFSP with a view to the continuation of
the
the
destabilising accumulation and spread of small arms and light
weapons in Cambodia. This decision provides a further EU
funding of EUR 1 568 000 for the continuation and expansion
of this ongoing project, fully designed and managed by the EU
and that started in 1999.

contribution

combating

to

40. The Swedish National Defence College conducts a broad
programme on disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration
(DDR), which includes both national and international training.

43. On 21 October 2002 the Council adopted Council
Decision 2002/842/CFSP granting an EU contribution of EUR
200 000 to the running costs of
the ‘Stability pact/UNDP
Regional Clearinghouse on Small Arms and Light Weapons' in
Belgrade.

I.D. Other initiatives or activities

II.A.1.2. E U c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h o t h e r s t a t e s

In Italy,

41.
identified as surplus, were destroyed in 2002:

the following small arms and light weapons,

— three revolvers and self loading pistols (beretta m51),

— 1 071 rifles and carabines garand (t2).

it was
44. At the EU-US Summit of 17 December 1999,
decided to establish a Working Group on SALW for regular
exchanges at expert level with a view to increasing cooperation
and information sharing and evaluate progress achieved by the
EU and the US on small arms issues. The Group meets at least
once during each EU Presidency. At its meetings in 2002, it
focused on preparations for the 2003 First Biennial Meeting of
States Parties to the UN Programme of Action Against the
Illicit Trafficking of SALW and on ways forward to cooperate
in implementing the Programme of Action. It also updated the
Joint EU-US Declaration on SALW and discussed the possibility

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of adopting common standards for the Annual Report to the
UN on SALW-related issues.
Information were provided on
projects financed by the EU and the US in affected countries.

to set up a network of impartial and public information on the
proliferation of small arms and light weapons.

45.
Following the EU-Canada Summit Declaration on the
Establishment of a Joint Working Group on Small Arms of 16
December 1999,
the Working Group has met every six
months. At its meetings in 2002, the Group discussed the
prospects of the 2003 First Biennial Meeting of States Parties
to the UN Programme of Action Against the Illicit Trafficking
implementation of
of SALW and reviewed the status of
assistance projects financed worldwide by the EU and Canada.
Specific attention was given to the ammunition destruction
project in Albania.

In 1998, the EU and the Southern African Development
46.
Community (SADC) adopted the Regional Action Programme
on Light Arms and Illicit Trafficking, providing a framework
for action as regards, inter alia, illicit trafficking, strengthening
of
legal controls of arms transfers, removal of arms from
In 1999, an EU-SADC
society and enhancing transparency.
Working Group on Small Arms was established. In 2002, the
Working Group focussed on areas of possible bilateral
cooperation. Some of them were also discussed at the seminar
‘Advancing the Implementation of the SADC Firearms Protocol:
in
Deepening
November 2002. Due
also given to
preparations of
the 2003 First Biennial Meeting of States
Parties to the UN Programme of Action Against the Illicit
Information were provided on the
Trafficking of SALW.
implementation of the Programme of Action both in Southern
Africa and in Europe.

SADC-EU Cooperation', held in Brussels
consideration was

II.A.1.3. C o o p e r a t i o n p r o v i d e d b y E U M e m b e r

S t a t e s

47. Belgium supported the Unidir project ‘Human Security
and Small Arms in West Africa — Enhancing the Role of Civil
Society'. This project places emphasis on human security,
peace building and practical disarmament, from the particular
perspective of the SALW issue.

48. Belgium has also supported the ‘Small Arms Survey'
dealing with the small arms issue proposed by the programme
for Strategic and International Security Studies of the Graduate
Institute of International Studies in Geneva. This project seeks

the UNDP pilot
49. Denmark continued its support
project for collection of illicit arms and support for sustainable
development of the N'Guigmi administrative district in Niger,
with a contribution of EUR 135 000.

for

international

50.
Finland supported financially the Biting the Bullet
project, which is set out as a five-year project leading up to the
first review conference in 2006. The Biting the Bullet project is
lead by international non-governmental organisations such as
International Alert and Saferworld. The Btb-project
Basic,
organises an informal
‘Small Arms Consultative
Group' process to examine the issues of (1) transfers of SALW
to
existing
responsibilities under international law for transfers of SALW.
Finland finds it important to facilitate international discussion
and
policy
recommendations to enhance international cooperation and
control on these critical issue areas. The contribution was EUR
10 000 EUR.

innovative

guidelines

non-state

practical

develop

actors

and

and

(2)

on

to

51.
Finland also supported financially the Arms Management
programme implemented by Institute for Security Studies in
South Africa in 2002. Finnish contribution was EUR 30 000.
Finland is considering the extension of the support for the
year 2003.

success of

Finland contributed to the

52.
the UN-led
interagency training programme in Central Asia. Finland
supported the OSCE training module both by providing
financial support as well as one border management expert
trainer to the project. The training enhanced the practical
implementation of the OSCE Document on SALW and focused
on combating trafficking of small arms. The OSCE Expert
Team conducted a two week pilot project at the Uzbek-Afghan
border crossing point. This Termez-Hayraton training initiative
was intended to enhance the capacity of
the local border
guards and customs officials to interdict illegal arms shipments.
Other training modules were presented to the border officials
by a number of UN agencies UNDP, ODCCP, UNHCR, Unesco,
Unicef, WFP, and OCHA as well as other partners. Finland
continues to support this training initiative by seconding an
expert to the OSCE mission in Central Asia.

53. Through the support for the UN Regional Centre for
Peace and Disarmament
in Africa, Finland is contributing
financially to the Small Arms Transparency and Control
Regime (Satcra) programme in Africa. The objectives of this
programme are:
for
(b) promoting state capacity in the management of
Africa;
and
stockpiles,
(d)
ammunition;
harmonisation of national legal rules that regulate the transfer

legally owned arms
(c) marking and tracing of weapons;

(a) establishment of a SALW register

and storing

filing

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local arms manufactures;

of SALW; (e) promote dialogue with the armament industry; (f)
inventory of
(g) monitoring and
verification provision to ensure compliance; and (h) awareness
raising. The Finnish contribution for
is EUR
500 000 for years 2003 to 2005.

the project

the media. These trainings

serve to create a critical
of
awareness on the dangers of uncontrolled small
arms
proliferation. To this end, a liaison office will be established
Secretariat.
within
Federal
Likewise,
Government
the Southern African Development
Community in harmonizing their policies on the basis of the
SADC Protocol on the Control of Firearms, Ammunition and
Other Related Material adopted 14 August 2001.

the Nairobi
supports

the

in
Finland supports the UNDP arms control project
54.
Albania financially and has also seconded a Finnish small arms
expert as international technical expert for the project for two
years. The components of SALW control programme are: (a)
public awareness and information; (b) development projects; (c)
logistic support to weapons collection teams; (d) pilot database
project for weapons control; and (e) assistance and advisory.
The project provides support for SALW control, but with the
added feature of placing these efforts within the broader
context of promoting human security. Human development,
investments and sustainable economic
economic and social
growth cannot materialise in a state of insecurity. Sources on
insecurity in Albania are numerous and pervasive. The
inability of state and civil society to ensure the rule of law is
possibly the main underlying cause of
insecurity. The
contribution for the project was EUR 1 150 000 for years
2001 to 2003.

55.
France supports, in post conflict situations, appropriate
programmes related to DD&R of ex-combatants and promoted
by relevant regional and international organisations, especially
in Africa (bilateral action), former Yugoslavia (ONU and NATO
framework) and Asia (support to the EU-ASAC programme in
Cambodia). France has already provided a contribution of EUR
457 357 to the implementation of Ecowas Moratorium, and
its contribution, worth EUR
announced the
200 000.

renewal of

implemented by

In Angola, the Federal Government has supported a local
59.
the Angolan non-governmental
project
organization ‘Angola 2000'
in cooperation with Saferafrica.
This project aims at raising the awareness of the necessity to
reduce the negative effects of small arms availability in society.
The following activities have been undertaken thus far:

— training of

local actors for weapons management and

practical disarmament,

— training of

local

actors

in survey

techniques

and

quantitative data analysis,

— conducting a survey on human security in selected areas,

— a seminar for the distribution of the findings,

— advocacy work at the national level for the creation of a

national plan of action.

56.
is
France
programmes of
trafficking of SALW,
(such as, for instance,
training of civil and military police).

also
actively
coordination in the

international
illicit
in the framework of ONU and NATO
in Kosovo, with arms collection and

in
fight

involved

against

57. Germany contributes to the multi-donor demobilization
and reintegration programme, and has provided EUR 2 million
to the multi-donor trust fund. For related programmes in that
region an additional EUR 18 million are provided bilaterally.

60.
In Cambodia, Germany supported the DD&R process
through its ‘Support for the Cambodian Veterans Assistance
Programme' (CVAP). During its last phase, the main focus of
the project was levelled at the reintegration of veterans in the
provinces of Kampot and Kampong Thom. The programme
was designed to support the nationwide integration of soldiers,
to
the
strengthen
the programme and to help in the
Secretariat-General of
elaboration of a national reintegration strategy.
Its activities
encompassed:

the management

capabilities

of

— a survey on the needs of future veterans in two provinces,

58. The Federal Government is supporting the East African
community in reforming and harmonizing the policies towards
small arms control. Part of this support is the organization of
training for
society,
members of the East African legislative assembly, members of
the EAC-Secretariat, religious groups as well as representatives

security personnel, members of civil

— the setting up the infrastructure of discharge centers,

— the provision of logistics of discharge centers,

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— procurement and distribution of household kits for 1 500
veterans (in cooperation with the Cambodian Red Cross),

Activities undertaken so far encompass:

— the organization of skills training courses for veterans and

family members of veterans in two provinces,

— the organization of agricultural
distribution of seed packages,

training courses and

— the setting up of provincial CVAP offices,

— support and training for veterans' committees in two

provinces, and

— training and support for referral services.

In Cambodia, Germany

61.
local
non-governmental organization ‘Working Group for Weapons
local
Reduction', which
non-governmental
awareness-raising
campaigns.

endeavors
organizations

also supported the

other

train

to

in

The following activities have been undertaken thus far:

— needs

assessment

in

the

Kampong

Thom

non-governmental organizations community,

— conducting training manual workshops,

— drafting of a handbook and training manuals to support
local non governmental organizations work on small arms,

— financial support and promoting local non-governmental
organizations in working on small arms and running of
further workshops,

— evaluation of the pilot project.

programme

62.
In Uganda, the Federal Government supports a peace
local
education
implemented
non-governmental organization ‘Borrow a Youth'. It aims at
the
recognition, by schools as well as Ugandan youth
organizations and local non-governmental organizations, of
the danger of small arms within their surroundings and at
measures to be taken in order to reduce this danger.

the

by

— the production of education material,

— training of trainers, and

— a campaign against small arms through drama groups,

radio broadcast, etc.

63. Germany supported, and continues to support, a range
of SALW-related activities such as:

— the World Bank trust fund for the national demobilization
programme in Sierra Leone, supplemented by bilateral
projects for the re-integration of former combattants in
Sierra Leone,

— various SALW projects (co-) sponsored by the group of
interested states on practical disarmament, mainly in
sub-Saharan Africa,

— the re-integration of

former combatants and internally

displaced persons in Angola,

— supporting the UNDP project on the destruction of SALW

in Niger.

64. All German support decisions have in common that
priority was given to projects enhancing,
in the receiving
countries in question, implementation abilities as to control of
the flow of weapons (export and import control,
tracing
ability) and to collection and destruction programmes in post
conflict situations. The ‘SALW help desk', established at the
supports practical
Bonn International Conversion Center,
disarmament measures
expertise when
SALW-related projects are defined and planned. The help desk
has established a wide-ranging network of contacts with
prominent experts
small arms and light
the
weapons.
Federal Government attaches to facilitating and enhancing
greater awareness of the problems associated with SALW,
it
has
exchange of
information with national non-governmental organizations.

In order to underscore the importance that

initiated a broad dialog and regular

in the field of

and extends

its

In the framework of NATO, Greece participates as the
65.
lead nation in a project of a feasibility study for
the
destruction of 1,5 million SALW and 133 000 tons of
munitions in Ukraine. In 2002, Greece donated EUR 50 000
to that project. In 2002 Greece contributed EUR 86 000 to the
NAMSA programme
the destruction of SALW and
munitions stockpiles in Albania. Greece is committed to a
further annual contribution of EUR 50 000 up to the year

for

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In addition,

the Ministry of Public Order provided
2006.
logistical and technical support to the Albanian police and
organized seminars for its staff. The seminars included topics
on SALW and arms export control. Greece has also donated
EUR 50 000 to the SEEI trust fund for the destruction of
SALW in Serbia and Montenegro.

66.
Ireland contributed EUR 83 000 to the Saferafrica project
for technical assistance to the SADC. Ireland also contributed
EUR 100 000 to a Canadian-led project
to destroy SALW
ammunition in Albania and has pledged EUR 30 000 to a
Netherlands-led project in Serbia and Montenegro.

Sweden granted financial assistance to the following

69.
multilateral projects and NGOs:

— weapons
200 000),

collection

Tsikanvali-South Ossetia

(SEK

— support

to the

Light Weapons
Administration System (SALSA), UN-LiREC, Peru (SEK
200 000),

Small Arms

and

67.
Luxembourg, acting in its national capacity, contributed
to the project for the destruction of light weapons in Albania
the NATO Partnership for Peace
(EUR 43 660) under
programme.

— small arms transparency and control regime in Africa,

UNREC, Togo (SEK 200 000),

the

specific

aim to

In 2001 the Netherlands established a special fund for
68.
SALW projects with
support
implementation of international programmes and declarations
such as the United Nations Programme of Action, the OSCE
Document on SALW and other regional declarations against
the illicit trade in SALW. Furthermore, the fund is meant to
support projects aimed at collection and destruction of
weapons and munitions, as well as awareness programmes and
research. Examples of projects carried out
in 2002 with
financial assistance of this fund are:

— DD&R programme Sierra Leone, World Bank (SEK

2 million),

— conflict prevention,

including SALW activities, CIVIS,

in

Colombia, 2002 to 2003 (SEK 13,1 million),

— DD&R child soldiers in South Sudan, Save the Children,

Sweden 2002 to 2003 (SEK 7 million),

— the small arms programmes by UNDP in the Great Lakes
region and South East Europe through the UNDP trustfund
on SALW,

— various SALW-activities Latin America, Arias Foundation

2002 to 2004 (SEK 7 million),

— the UN-LiREC Regional Clearinghouse Programme on
Firearms Ammunitions and Explosives in Latin America
and the Caribbean,

— preventing recruitment of child soldiers, Unicef

(SEK 4

million),

— assistance to SALW destruction in Kosovo through the
funding of a destruction oven which was used by KFOR,

— DD&R programme Congo-Brazzaville, UNDP (SEK 5

million),

— contribution to

Saferafrica

‘Arms Management

and
Disarmament Proposal: Initiatives to Reduce Proliferation
Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons', creating e.g.
of
and
national
focal
Mozambique,
points,

in Uganda, Namibia
including the setting up of national

action

plans

— ‘Biting the Bullet II', a project by Saferworld, International

Alert and Basic,

— regional

framework for DD&R processes Great Lakes

region, World Bank (SEK 20 million),

— various SALW-activities in Latin America,

including an
inter-parliamentarian exchange between Sweden, Spain and
Central America, Swefor, 2002 to 2003 (SEK 4,4 million),

— contribution to the small arms programme of ISS.

Disabled Ex-Service Personnel (SEK 400 000),

— re-integration of ex-soldiers Sri Lanka, Association of

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— DD&R programme Guinea Bissau, coordinator Correia —
Government of Guinea Bissau, 2002 to 2003 (SEK 20
million),

— conflict

resolution,

including DD&R, Mozambique,

Diakonia (SEK 300 000),

— support to UN SRSG for children of armed conflicts (SEK

700 000),

— ‘Study of Child Soldiers: Preventing Child and Youth

Recruitment', Uppsala University (SEK 200 000),

— support for the small arms survey, Graduate Institute of

International Studies (SEK 200 000).

70. The United Kingdom funded 10 projects from the Global
Conflict Prevention Pool. The main aims of the projects is
capacity building,
consensus building and research and
analysis. In 2002, the Small Arms Destruction Fund (SADF)
funded projects for the destruction of small arms in Botswana,
Kenya and Cambodia.

71. The United Kingdom supported the implementation of
regional agreements in Africa to stem the flow of arms into
and around the continent. The United Kingdom in 2002 was a
main donor to the Nairobi Secretariat, charged with assisting
the states to implement commitments made in the Nairobi
declaration. The Secretariat has thus far provided training and
support to law-enforcement officers in the region, and to the
establishment of national focal points in each country. With
the United Kingdom has assisted in
other G8 partners,
establishing continental,
regional and sub-regional/national
capacities for the implementation of the UN Programme of
Action and regional action plans, in particular in East Africa.
Support was also provided for implementation of the Ecowas
Moratorium and the SADC Regional Action Plan on SALW.
The United Kingdom government also assists states in regions
to Africa have
arms
from which irresponsible
originated in the past to implement responsible export control
regimes, through bilateral visits and seminars.

exports

II.A.2. Financial, technical and other assistance given to other states,

especially those in affected regions

72. Denmark supports de-mining and destruction of APLS
with more than EUR 9 million through a six year programme
in Mozambique. Destruction of SALW is not part of the terms

the programme but has occasionally been
of reference of
carried out as a derived activity. Through its participation in
peacekeeping operations
in the Balkans, Denmark has
participated in activities related to repatriation, demobilisation
and disarmament of armed forces. Reducing stockpiles of
SALW held by civilians forms an integral part of the activities
of the Danish forces.

73.
Finland together with Canada supports the small arms
control programme in Guatemala. The implementing agency
for the project is IEPADES — Instituto de ensenanza para el
desarrollo sostenible — a non-governmental organization
founded in 1990. The project's goal is to consolidate a national
programme of
control with the participation of
governmental actors involved in the topic and groups of civil
society interested in this subject. Finnish contribution for the
programme is EUR 20 000.

arms

74.
Finland financed and organised training of two police
officers from Nicaragua and Guatemala in Finland in 2002.
The training included inter alia arms
registration, border
control, licensing of arms export and arms legislation. Finland
has trained two small arms experts on the collection and
destruction of SALW and on stockpile management and
security of SALW in the Swiss PFP training courses on the
collection and destruction of SALW and in Switzerland in June
2002. Finland is willing to participate in international or
bilateral projects and workshops requested by the recipient
country in the field on arms collection, destruction and
stockpile management. Finland offers expert assistance for
requesting countries to evaluate their problems in management
of SALW.
collection and
destruction in peacekeeping operations could be utilised in the
cooperation. Finland considers organising expert
training
courses in Finland dealing with certain technical matters in
management of SALW.

Finnish experiences

in arms

(b)

small arms;

to serve as a resource

75.
Finland seconded a Finnish small arms expert for the
Graduate Institute's Programme for Strategic and International
Security Studies' Small Arms Survey programme and financed
the programme for the year 2003, in total EUR 60 000. The
objectives of the small arms survey are: (a) to be the principal
international source of neutral and public information on all
for
aspects of
governments, policy makers, researchers and activists; (c) to be
an independent monitor of national
and international
governmental and non-governmental policy initiatives on small
arms;
(d) to be a conduit for information and dialogue on
small arms issues between the north and south, and east and
west;
(e) to be the central nodal point for an international
network of researchers, research institutes and ngos working
on small arms issues; and (f) to be a forum for sharing of
information and the dissemination of best practice measures
and initiatives dealing with small arms issues.

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in

Finland

believes

cooperation

international

and
76.
coordination in assisting the countries that require help in
implementing the UN Programme of Action and OSCE
Document on SALW. Finland places a particular importance
on the regional cooperation on the control of trafficking of
small arms by enhancing the capacity of border control
authorities, customs and police. This involves inter alia sharing
of information nationally and regionally, training of personnel,
assistance for technical equipment, building database for arms
registers and improving the quality of stock-pile management.
Finland has enhanced cooperation, the exchange of experience
and training among competent officials,
including customs,
police, intelligence and arms control officials, at the national,
regional and global levels.

77.
France favours bilateral actions focussing on geographic
areas (for instance West Africa) regarded as a political priority.
France supports cooperation programmes implemented in the
EU framework according to the Joint Action adopted in 1998
actively involved in
and amended in 2002. France
and enforcing,
promoting
and assistance
throughout
missions
(expertise mission to assist Ethiopian batallions
involved in a peace keeping operation in Burundi, under OAU
Aegis).

culture of peace keeping
seminars

a
the organisation of

is

78. Germany supported the following regional programmes:

— co-financing of the DD&R programme in Rwanda,

— the Saligad small arms project in the Horn of Africa,

— a

‘SALW for Community Development' project

in

Mozambique,

— community policing and conflict prevention in urban areas

in South Africa,

— the destruction of small arms in Albania as well as training
of personnel in the Albanian organization of destruction,

— the OSCE project on removal

and destruction of

ammunition in Moldova.

79. With reference also to her project activities
adjacent

in the
fields of DD&R and awareness-raising, Germany

supports bilateral and multilateral projects for enhancing the
international commitment to and efficiency regarding export
controls. To this end, she exchanges information with other
states on a mutual basis. In this field, Germany acts partly on
behalf of the European Commission or of international control
regimes, partly by seconding experts to participate in projects
of others states. In addition, Germany initiates expert meetings
and assists other states (such as acceding and candidate states
in Central and Eastern Europe)
in setting up their national
export control systems. In that context, particular attention has
been given to the SALW issue, including the elaboration and
promulgation of new appropriate laws and the creation of an
atmosphere necessary for effective law enforcement. Germany
has provided technical and financial aid for the destruction of
SALW to other countries and is willing to consider further
projects in the future.

to drug trafficking,

80. Detailed analysis and evaluation of criminal activities
implying illicit trade in SALW in Germany suggest that the
often assumed linkage
transnational
organized crime and terrorism cannot readily be established as
to SALW-related crimes committed in Germany. Endeavors
made by Germany focus therefore on respective assistance
granted to neighbouring European countries. In the framework
of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe, Germany has
engaged in an intensive cooperation, at police and customs
level, with different countries in the region, hereby mainly
focusing on the training and specialization of border police
trafficking in
forces as prime authorities to combat
illicit
instance,
for
SALW. The customs investigation service is,
assisting the authorities in Slovenia in their efforts to combat
organized,
crime by initiating investigations
targeting members of South Eastern European gangs of arms
smugglers resident in Germany.

cross-border

level,

81. At subregional level, the Federal Customs administration
is involved in preventing and combating illicit cross-border
trafficking in SALW by carrying out selective checks on flows
of goods not motivated by any concrete suspicion. These
checks are carried out in particular by the border clearance
and surveillance services and the mobile control groups. At
regional
the close cooperation between the Customs
Investigation Service and the French Customs administration
merits to be highlighted.
includes regular special checks
jointly and aimed exclusively at combatting
carried out
trafficking in SALW. These special checks have proved their
worth over a period of many years. The exchange of
information between German, French and Austrian Customs
Investigation
is very extensive. The Customs
authorities
Services of these countries exchange intelligence on trafficking
in SALW. Close cooperation is also maintained with the
Slovenian authorities.

It

82.
facilitate legal action against

In a broader sense, Germany has promoted the cause to
trade in SALW by

the illicit

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concluding bilateral agreements with a number of countries
contain clauses on preventing, combatting and eradicating
trafficking of weapons.

for

radioactive materials. Also a
well as border control
presentation of the safe storage of surplus weapons and their
disposal was given. During the field trip the participants
visited also a Finnish army storage area for small weapons and
light arms.

II.A.3. Coordination of practical measures with other Member States

and with the EU Commission

83.
Issues of SALW were discussed in 2002 in the COARM,
CODUN and CONOP Troika meetings with the Associated
Countries,
the Russian Federation,
Ukraine, Canada, the United States, China and South Korea as
well as in the joint Working Groups on SALW between the EU
and the US and Canada.

the EEA-EFTA countries,

II.A.4. Participation in, or organisation of international seminars

and conferences

84. Austria was a co-sponsor,
together with other EU
partners, of the Conference on the Implementation of the UN
Programme of Action on Small Arms — ‘Needs
and
Partnerships' which was held in Pretoria (South Africa) from
March 18 to 21, 2002.

85.
Finland together with Canada, Costa Rica and Arias
Foundation organized and financed the small arms conference
for Central American countries in December 2001. The main
purpose of
the conference was to follow-up on the UN
Programme of Action and it brought together the government
representatives and agencies who worked in the field of the
proliferation, control and trade of SALW. Finnish contribution
was EUR 28 500.

86. A border management training seminar for the Central
Asian countries was organized by the Finnish Ministry for
Foreign Affairs, in coordination with the OSCE Secretariat, in
Helsinki
in June 2002. Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan took part in the seminar. The
training was addressed to officers from the police, customs,
export control and border control authorities. The purpose of
the seminar was to assist
the Central Asian countries in
reinforcing national export control and border security systems
in order to reduce illicit trafficking of small arms, drugs and
strategic goods. To broaden the concept of effective borders
the seminar was partly a follow-up to the OSCE Workshops
on Small Arms and Light Weapons held in Central Asia both
in the end of 2001 and in May 2002. The Finnish legislation
on weapons and arms registers were presented.
Issues like
for defence material, dual use material and
export control
nuclear material, equipment and technology were raised as

87.
Finland supported the travel expenses of the participants
from the countries that requested financial support through
forum of Security Council's Support Unit for the OSCE SALW
seminar in Vienna in February 2002. The contribution was
EUR 15 000.

88. Germany actively participated in, and in some case
cosponsored, OSCE and UN Workshops on SALW in Central
Asia and in South Eastern Europe.

89. Germany has provided financial and expert support to
seminars on border security, SALW marking and stockpile
in
management, conducted under the auspices of the OSCE,
Termiz (Uzbekistan) and in Zagreb (Croatia).

Italy granted a contribution of EUR 22 000 for

the
90.
organisation of an OSCE seminar — held in Bucharest
in
February 2003 — on the regional implementation of the UN
Programme of Action on the Illicit Trafficking of Small Arms
and Light Weapons.

Italy also attended the following international seminars

91.
and conferences:

— African conference on the implementation of

Programme of Action on the illicit
arms and light weapons (Pretoria, 18 to 22 March),

the UN
trafficking of small

— Third Meeting of EU Member States and Associated
Countries on conventional arms exports (Sofia, 10 April),

— Seminar organised by the NGOs coalition and Saferworld
on arms export controls in the European Union (Madrid,
10 May),

— Stability Pact Regional Steering Group for the control of
small arms and light weapons in South East Europe
(Skopjie, 30 May),

— Workshop organised by the ''World Forum on the Future
of Sport Shooting Activities'' on export,
import and
brokering of small arms and light weapons (Naples, 13 to
14 June);

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— Regional seminar on implementing the UN Programme of
Action on the Illicit Trafficking of Small Arms and Light
Weapons (Manila, 9 to 10 July),

(including smuggling of persons, arms, drugs), maintenance of
public order and enhancement of security as well as other
activities that contribute considerably toward curtailing the
security threat posed by small arms in the West Balkans' local
communities.

— NATO EAPC Workshop on small arms and light weapons

(Zagreb, 24 to 25 October),

— Preparatory seminar of the 11th OSCE Economic Forum
on National and International Economic Impact of Small
Arms and Light Weapons (Sofia, 11 to12 November),

— South Eastern Europe Clearinghouse for the Control of
Small Arms and Light Weapons Donors' Conference
(Geneva, 20 November),

— Informal meeting, organised by the NGO Saferworld on EU

arms export controls (Brussels, 3 December).

92. The Netherlands contributed to the organisation and
co-funding of the ‘Conference on the Implementation of the
UN Programme of Action on Small Arms and Light Weapons
in Africa — Needs and Partnerships' that took place in Pretoria
on 18 to 21 March 2002, and was organised together with
Austria, Canada, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Norway, South Africa,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

Portugal participated at the African Conference on the
93.
Implementation of the UN Programme of Action on Small
Arms: Needs and Partnerships (Pretoria, 18 to 21 March 2002).

97.
France supports actions aimed at re-establishing the rule
of law in post conflict situations. France is currently involved
in those operations in RDC, Ivory Coast and Kosovo.

98. Germany — as troop contributor to SFOR, KFOR and
Harvest, as well as Amber Fox — participated in the collection
of SALW in South Eastern Europe. Under
the Dayton
regulations, it further supported the destruction of mortars of
caliber 82 mm in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prevention of
trafficking of civilian firearms and military SALW forms part
supported by
of
German police cooperation in the framework of the Stability
Pact for South Eastern Europe.

integrated border management

schemes

trade in SALW,

99. Germany is closely cooperating with Interpol
for the
purpose of identifying those groups and individuals engaged in
the illicit
if required in the framework of
individual criminal investigations. In one case, the government
of another state actively combating illicit handling of SALW
has forwarded a voluminous tracing request
to Germany
directly, and not through Interpol, on the grounds that the
request did not emerge from individual criminal investigations.
Since its establishment, Germany is an active member of the
IWETS Working Group. Together with seven other countries,
she will participate in the IWETS pilot project to start mid
2003.

Italy's armed forces participated in a number of external
SALW were

100.
operations,
the
collected/confiscated and destroyed:

during which

following

Sweden participated in various international seminars,
94.
including seminars on the
the UN
Programme of Action on SALW, on illicit brokering and on
export control.

implementation of

Multi-national brigade sw (Kosovo)

95. The United Kingdom was a co-sponsor, together with
other EU partners, of the Conference on the Implementation of
the UN Programme of Action on Small Arms — ‘Needs and
Partnerships' which was held in Pretoria (South Africa) from
March 18 to 21, 2002.

— 310 rifles,

— 100 revolvers,

— 6 machine guns,

II.A.5. Other initiatives

— 20 portable launchers of anti-tank missiles,

forces

responsibilities

Finland contributes

significant
96.
NATO
coordination
peacekeeping operations
in Bosnia and Herzegovina and
Kosovo. These operations involve the demobilization of armed
groups, monitoring and prevention of criminal activities

and has
UN-mandated

to,

in,

— 7 rockets,

— 183 granades,

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— 2 780 mines,

— 27 517 ammunitions of various calibres.

Multi-national special unit (Kosovo)

— 86 weapons of various types,

— 16 706 ammunitions of various calibres,

— 135 granades,

— 1 000 kg of explosives,

— 20 portable launchers of anti-tank rockets.

Multi-national special unit (Bosnia)

— 1 rifle.

France attended the works of the UN Experts Group
105.
tasked to study the feasibility of an international instrument to
trace illicit trafficking of SALW (Resolution 56/24 v). France
was also member of an UN Experts Group established to study
the issue of brokering.

106. On 10 October 2002 Greece signed the Protocol
Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms,
supplementing
the United Nations Convention Against
Transnational Organised Crime.

107.
Ireland expects to be in a position to sign the Protocol
Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms,
Their Parts and Components and Ammunition, supplementing
the UN Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime
Protocol by the end of 2003.

Italy has continued national procedures required for the
Illicit
the UN Protocol Against

108.
ratification
Manufacturing and Trafficking of Firearms.

the

of

101. With other NATO allies, Portugal contributes forces to
the UN mandated SFOR and KFOR peacekeeping forces in
Bosnia-Herzegovina and in Kosovo. Reducing stockpiles held
by civilians forms a part of the activities of Portuguese forces.

102. Together with NATO allies,
the United Kingdom
contributes forces to the UN mandated SFOR and KFOR
peacekeeping forces in Bosnia-Herzegovina and in Kosovo.
United Kingdom forces are actively involved with reducing
stockpiles held by civilians.

II.B. Participation in the work of international
organisations and regional arrangements in the field of
conventional arms, especially small arms and light
weapons

II.B.1. United Nations

109. The Netherlands participated in the UN Expert Group
tasked with studying the
an international
instrument to trace illicit trafficking of SALW.

feasibility of

Portugal has continued its participation in the activities

110.
of the United Nations.

111. On 6 May 2002 the United Kingdom signed the
Protocol Against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in
Firearms, Their Parts, Components and Ammunition. The
United Kingdom is encouraging others to sign the protocol
and work towards implementing it. The Home Office is
actively working with the European Commission, and other
Member States, on the implementation of the provisions on
marking set out in the UN Protocol on Firearms. This will
require marking at the point of first importation into the EU.
The United Kingdom was represented on the UN group on
governmental experts which carried out a study on the
feasibility of marking and tracing.

103. Austria has continued its participation in the activities
of the UN including seminars and workshops, as well as in
national initiatives on problems related to small arms and light
weapons.

II.B.2. UNGA First Committee

104. Denmark has continued its participation in the activities
and related
of
initiatives concerning SALW.

the UN including seminars, workshops

112. Member States have taken the following positions on
the resolutions relating to small arms issues, which were
adopted by the 57th UNGA First Committee:

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— Resolution 57/65 (‘Relationship between disarmament and
development'): 13 EU countries voted in favour,
two
abstained,

— Resolution 57/66 (‘National legislation on transfer of arms,
military equipment and dual use goods and technology'):
tabled by the Netherlands, supported by all EU countries,

— Resolution 57/70 (‘Assistance to states for curbing the illicit
traffic in small arms and light weapons'): co-sponsored by
all EU countries,

— Resolution 57/72 (‘The illicit trade in small arms and light

weapons'): co-sponsored by all EU countries,

— Resolution 57/75 (‘Transparency in armaments'): tabled by

the Netherlands, co-sponsored by all EU countries,

includes

commitments, lists necessary elements for national legislation,
sets out guidelines for the export policy and decision-making,
and considers effective enforcement of the export control. The
Guide includes also import and transit of small arms and light
weapons where
very
appropriate. The Guide
comprehensive export control criteria drawn from a number
of different sources, including the OSCE Document and the EU
Code of Conduct. These criteria would be a useful checklist for
states when granting export licences. The Guide also highlights
best practice on all elements of a national
licensing system,
fraud and
and goes
diversion through forged end-user certificates. These measures
could contribute to the harmonisation of end-user certificates
at a high common standard. Some elements and principles
from Wassenaar Arrangement and EU's Code of Conduct on
Arms Export have been also used in the Best Practice Guide on
Arms Export. Finnish financial contribution for drafting the
guide was EUR 4 500.

into detail on measures

to prevent

Finland contributed EUR 100 000 for

116.
the Rapid
Reaction Fund at the OSCE mission to Georgia in 2002. The
purpose of this Rapid Reaction Fund is to render assistance to
communities
in
voluntarily
implementation of the OSCE Document on small arms.

arms,

hand

over

that

— Resolution 57/81 (‘Consolidation of peace

through
tabled by Germany,

practical disarmament measures'):
co-sponsored by all EU countries.

II.B.3. OSCE

113. Austria is implementing the OSCE Document on Small
Arms and Light Weapons and supports
the small arms
initiatives in the framework of the Stability Pact for South East
Europe.

114. Denmark has continued its participation in the activities
of OSCE and is implementing the OSCE Document on Small
Arms and Light Weapons.

115.
Finland has actively supported the implementation of
the OSCE's Document on SALW. Finland volunteered to
produce the Best Practice Guide on export control of SALW.
The practical work was done by the experts from the Finnish
MFA supported by the national expert group in which Finland
has representatives from all ministries involved in small arms
export. The objective of Finland was to introduce an ideal
export control system, which takes into account differences in
national legislation. The goal was to depict the best possible
export control system, which allows for different national
procedures and practises. The Guide has been divided into five
It provides information for developing a
different chapters.
small arms and light
national export control
international
relevant
The Guide
weapons.

system of
introduces

117.
Finland has seconded the post of FSC support officer on
small arms to the Conflict Prevention Center/OSCE since
November 2001 with the aim of assisting OSCE participating
states in the implementation of the OSCE Document on SALW
as well
and field
assisting relevant OSCE missions
operations on small arms and light weapons related matters.
One of the practical tools prepared by the CPC during this
time was the OSCE model answer on how to report on the
information exchanges, which was also provided to the UN by
the OSCE.

as

France

actively participated

118.
information in the framework of
SALW.

to the

exchange of
the OSCE Document on

119. Germany offered draft chapters on surplus and, together
with Norway, on brokering for the OSCE Best Practice Guide
on Small Arms and Light Weapons and participated actively in
the production of an illustrated catalog on SALW destruction.

Italy has continued to actively implement

120.
the OSCE
Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons, adopted in
November 2000. In that framework, Italy presented national
updates to the information exchange on major aspects of
SALW (manufacturing, marking, export controls, brokering,

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destruction techniques)
Document.

established by the

above OSCE

II.B.4. NATO

121.

Luxembourg participates in the work of OSCE.

122. The Netherlands contributed to a follow-up meeting of
the OSCE training workshops in Central Asian states on the
implementation of the OSCE Document concerning SALW in
Almaty in May 2002. As designate CiO of the OSCE in 2003,
the OSCE
the Netherlands organised,
Economic Forum in 2003, a seminar on ‘Trafficking in SALW'
in Sofia in November 2002,
the OSCE
Economic Forum in 2003.

in preparation of

in preparation of

123. The Netherlands participated in the Second OSCE
Information Exchange in June 2002. With Canada and the
chapter on
the Netherlands prepared the
United States
destruction techniques of SALW for the OSCE Best Practices
Guide.

124.
In its capacity of Chairman-in-office of the OSCE during
2002, Portugal contributed to promote the adoption of the
Charter on Preventing and Combating Terrorism. Participating
states expressed, in the Charter, their determination to combat
the
to
illicit
conventional weapons including small arms and light weapons.
Portugal is implementing the OSCE Document on SALW.

spread of and access

risk posed by the

Spain

Spain has continued to actively implement the OSCE
125.
In that
Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons.
the
to
updates
presented
framework,
information exchange stated in chapters III (f) (1) and IV (e) (1)
of the OSCE Document on SALW. Together with Switzerland
and the United Kingdom, Spain has contributed to the
preparation of the Best Practices Guide on national procedures
for stockpile management and security of SALW, which was
ready for publication on 3 March 2003.

national

126.
Sweden participated in the Information Exchange on
SALW in the OSCE. Sweden is leading the development of the
OSCE ‘Best Practises Guide' on SALW in DD&R processes.

Switzerland,

127. The United Kingdom is
implementing the OSCE
Document on Small Arms and Light Weapons. Together with
led
Spain and
preparation on the OSCE Best Practices Guide on SALW
stockpile management. The United Kingdom is also providing
financial support for the publication of OSCE Best Practice
guides. The United Kingdom supports the small arms initiative
in the framework of the Stability Pact for South East Europe.

the United Kingdom has

128. Austria has continued its participation in the activities
of the EAPC, including seminars and workshops, as well as in
national initiatives on problems related to small arms and light
weapons.

129. Denmark has continued its participation in the activities
EAPC including seminars, workshops and related initiatives
concerning SALW.

130.
Finland participates regularly in the meetings of, and
drafting of reports by, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council's
Ad hoc Working Group on small arms and light weapons,
which has, since 1999, convened at the NATO Headquarters in
Brussels,
focusing on those areas where the Partnership
Council may be in a position to bring value added to the small
arms process and attempting to avoid duplication of efforts
with other organizations.

131. The Netherlands contributed EUR 700 000 to the
Namsa-project for destruction of SALW munitions in Albania.
The Netherlands participated actively in the EAPC Working
Group on small arms and light weapons.

Portugal has continued its participation in the activities

132.
of the EAPC.

133. The United Kingdom continued to contribute to and
track progress within the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Ad
hoc Working Group on NATO initiatives to combat the SALW
problem.

II.B.5. Ecowas

France is a member of

134.
the consultative group of
PCASED, which is convened on a yearly basis to assess the
implementation
to make
the
recommendations aimed at improving its operations.

programme

and

of

PCASED programme

135. The United Kingdom has also given financial support to
the
Ecowas
in
Moratorium; to the Nairobi Secretariat, which supports the
implementation of the Nairobi Declaration, and has also been
active in EU moves to bolster the EU-SADC process.

support

the

of

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II.B.6. Wassenaar

procedures.
import
governments and their agencies have received support.

licensing

2001,

Since

over

ten

In the framework of the Wassenaar Arrangement, the
136.
in
EU Member States have contributed to the adoption,
December 2002, of ‘Best Practices Guidelines' for exports of
small arms and light weapons and of a ‘Statement of
Understanding' on arms brokering activities.

III. OTHER COMMENTS, OBSERVATIONS AND RELEVANT
INFORMATION

Ireland was chair of

the General Working Group in

137.
2002.

III.A. Criteria for the appreciation of requests for EU
funding of SALW projects

138. The United Kingdom played an important
promoting and securing the adoption of
Arrangement, on 11 December 2002, of
Guidelines' on small arms transfers and export controls.

role in
the Wassenaar
‘Best Practice

III.A.1. Priority guidelines

II.B.7. SADC

139. Germany supports the Southern African Development
Community (SADC) in harmonizing their policies on the basis
of
Firearms,
SADC Protocol on the Control of
Ammunition and Other Related Material adopted August 14,
2001.

the

140. The United Kingdom has been active in EU moves to
bolster the EU-SADC process. This initiative aims to support
the
the OAS Convention on Illicit
Trafficking and the CICAD model regulations.

implementation of

II.B.8. Others

141.
France, in cooperation with Switzerland, started in 2000
a reflection aimed at elaborating an international instrument
on SALW tracing.

in Kananaskis,

the 2002 G8 Summit

142. At
Italy
contributed to the adoption — in the framework of the New
(NEPAD) — of a G8
Partnership for Africa's Development
Africa Action Plan. The latter aims,
inter alia, at promoting
peace and security through supporting efforts by African
countries and the United Nations
regulate the
activities of brokers and traffickers, and to eliminate the flow
of illicit weapons to and within Africa.

to better

143. The United Kingdom ‘Export Control Outreach
includes training and support on export and
Programme'

144. The EU will continue to strive to eradicate the problems
caused by destabilising and uncontrolled spread of SALW. As
stated in the European Programme for Conflict Prevention
endorsed by the European Council (Göteborg, 15 to 16 June
2001), working towards the elimination of
this source of
destabilisation and conflict will be a great contribution to
preventing future conflicts. The actions already taken by the
EU represent important steps in this regard and should be
followed up by determined efforts in the same direction. The
adoption by the UN Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small
Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects, of a Programme
of Action to prevent, combat and eradicate the illicit trade in
small arms and light weapons in all
its aspects adds to the
commitment taken earlier by the EU through its Joint Action
on small arms. This commitment would be served by the
consideration given at EU level to the possibility of establishing
regular funding of projects by the EU in pursuit of the end
objectives of the UN Programme of Action.

and deepening

view to improving

the
145. With a
implementation of
the Joint Action and the Programme,
Member States have identified a number of guidelines on
issues on which decisions should be taken or
to which
attention should be given in the near future. These guidelines
will obviously be subject to periodical reviews, according to
the experience accumulated in the process of implementing EU
projects.

III.A.1.1. T h e n e e d f o r a c o m p r e h e n s i v e a p p r o a c h

further
146. Although there is a wide recognition that
should be taken to deal with the
international actions
there are many complex factors and
problems of SALW,
processes
such as
that need to be taken into account,
international and internal security, trade, civil-military relations
and the role of weapons in society. These problems cannot be
solved by one quick fix. They must be addressed through a
comprehensive approach dealing with the different aspects of
the problem — which might differ from region to region —
and the solutions must be sought through a wide range of

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such efforts
agreed measures. Member States agreed that
should aim both at
the reduction of existing destabilising
accumulations and at the prevention of further uncontrolled
spread of these weapons. Through assistance, local capacities
to address these issues can be strengthened.

conflict,

to help to develop a

147. As regards financial support to SALW-related projects,
the objective of the EU will be to strengthen the efforts to
reduce the availability and supply of SALW to areas of conflict
or potential
range of
international measures to limit the demand for SALW in such
areas, and to help governments to cope with the problems
these weapons cause. Such measures will be taken by the EU
the Member State level, and by acting through the
or at
appropriate regional or global
institutions. The respective
efforts of the Member States and of the Commission will aim
for complementarity, and reflect the ambition to deal with the
different aspects of the small arms problem at the national,
sub-regional, regional and global level.

to implement

In those cases where the governments are actively
151.
concerned with reducing the arms flow into and circulation of
SALW within their region, the EU should cooperate with them
in this task. In practice, recipient governments may lack the
capacity
their own control programmes.
Therefore, the EU is prepared to consider providing practical
support for initiatives such as capacity building and training,
awareness raising, etc. Priority should be given to projects
enhancing national
implementation abilities as to control of
the flow of weapons (export/import control, tracing ability)
and to collection and destruction programmes in post conflict
situations. Given the size of some projects particularly in the
field of ammunition destruction for SALW it might be
advisable as EU to join forces with non-EU partners (e.g. EAPC
projects).

III.B. Lessons learnt

148. The projects selected for EU financing should ensure
real and tangible benefits for the recipients of the project. An
important part of the financing should be targeted at own,
carefully designed projects implemented by the EU. Therefore
it is imperative that a proper implementing framework has
the project can function both
been identified and that
technically and politically in the planned context. Funding
projects — budget permitting — also from a broader range of
countries and regions could be considered, bearing in mind the
need to optimise the impact and sustainability of EU initiatives
and taking the need of ‘added value' and tangible benefits from
EU funds into account in the light of agreed criteria.

149.
Special attention should also be paid to a closer
coordination with efforts already carried on at the multilateral
level (i.e. UNDP, UN regional centres, NATO, EAPC and others)
as well as at the bilateral level looking for synergies.

III.A.1.2. T h e n e e d f o r t a r g e t e d a c t i o n

effective

150. Countries with high levels of
insecurity or violence
assistance.
use of
cannot make
Therefore, assistance to conflict-prone countries or regions
security, disarmament,
should be provided to promote
demobilisation
of
into
reintegration
and
ex-combatants as an integrated part of social and economic
development programmes.

development

society

the

from experience

152. Taking past EU actions on SALW into account and
assessments,
drawing
implementations and evaluations of SALW projects,
the
following benchmarks should be kept in mind with regard to
project identification:

in the previous

— the holding of biannual CODUN Expert Meetings on SALW
issues and projects is a useful exercise and should be
continued,

— allocations of funds for the following year must be decided
by the autumn SALW CODUN Expert Meeting at the latest
in order to allow for a proper preparation of the projects
and optimal use of resources in the community budget.
The Council Decisions concerning individual projects will
be made starting from the beginning of the following year,
subject to available appropriations in the budget,

— it

is important

to receive timely information of

future
SALW projects — especially those to be financed by
CFSP-budget — including indication of general objectives,
envisaged activities,
and detailed
breakdown of estimated costs. Those elements would allow
partners
an in-depth examination and a
comprehensive discussion of proposed programmes, whose
approval could therefore be facilitated,

expected outcomes

to have

— efforts should focus on a limited number of

large-scale
projects. EU involvement should be better analysed and
implemented. When supporting third party projects the

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visibility of EU contributions must be ensured,

the police
projects,

in exchange

for

community development

— timely and thorough preparation of the ‘action statements'
must be taken into account. The context and content of
the underlying project and parts to be financed must be
described,

— weapons destruction,

— there should be a clear picture of

the implementation
modus, including an assessment of the ‘implementing body
or agency/NGO' envisaged for the action, and of
their
ability to carry out the action in a satisfying way,

— cooperation on projects with non-EU national donors is
politically useful, but very difficult to organise in practice
due to differing political priorities, budgetary procedures,
working methods, etc. Careful attention should be paid to
the practical organisation of such cooperation,

— cooperation between the EU and MS national efforts

should be enhanced,

— more efforts should be directed towards involving ngo's as

well as the private sector.

153. Contribution based on EU-ASAC Project

It is essential that the project works in close cooperation with
a host state government that is committed to limiting the
ownership and use of small arms and light weapons in the
society. At the same time, the project should be sufficiently
autonomous from the government to be able to pursue the
project's objectives as set in the Council Cecision. The project
should ideally have an integrated, multi-facetted, approach
(‘SALW programme') where the impact of each programme
component individually is strengthened by the implementation
of
thereby combining to form a
powerful integrated package. Such a programme could include,
(example from the
inter alia,
EU-ASAC in Cambodia):

the other components,

following components

the

— assistance to drafting and introduction of arms law,

— weapons registration and safe storage,

— public awareness campaigns,

— a country needs a legal framework that clearly regulates
the possession and use of SALW in society. Once an arms
law is in place, it is important that police are trained in
understanding and applying the law and that the public is
informed about
the law. Project
the implications of
assistance is valuable in both drafting and introduction
phases,

— support

to weapons registration and safe storage helps
governments reduce uncertainty about the number, type,
location and security of weapons they possess. Experience
has shown that, once all weapons in a given military
region have been registered, the military authorities can be
convinced that they have more weapons than they need
and that the surplus can be destroyed. The setting up of
safe storage facilities is relatively inexpensive and at the
same time particularly important in poor countries with
large quantities of arms,

— ‘Weapons for Development' (WfD) projects are likely to be
more successful
if they include support to improve the
performance of the local police. Villagers will not hand in
their weapons if they feel that their personal safety is still
in danger. The unit cost per one weapon handed in is
relatively high, but WfD brings
the communities
‘security value' which is difficult to measure in monetary
terms,

for

— destruction of

that have been
illegally-held weapons
handed in as well as military and police surplus weapons
in ‘flames of peace' ceremonies may have high symbolic
value and give the image of progress towards a more
are
peaceful
for
particularly appropriate
development
implemented,
are
projects
strengthening confidence that the weapons handed in by
the villagers are actually destroyed and not used against
them,

Smaller destruction ceremonies
in areas where weapons

society.

being

— ‘weapons

schemes, where the local
population are encouraged to hand in illegal weapons to

for Development'

— illegal trade of SALW across borders hampers any efforts to
tackle the problem of SALW in a given country. Enhancing
border controls would be an area to consider in future EU
support,

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— EU visibility in the field of SALW is

increased by
implementation of own carefully designed EU projects and
not by giving small contributions to projects implemented
by other actors,

possible to assess impact of the project. The practical needs
of the final beneficiary should be assessed. Results and
‘lessons learnt'
from past similar experiences taken into
account.

III.B.1. Criteria for allocation of funds

(h) Requests

for assistance should clearly state how the
proposed project will further the aims and objectives of
the EU Joint Action.

in the process of developing a more
154. The EU is
systematic approach of potential projects
in
particular with regard to project identification and design. The
following criteria have been identified against which the EU
will make a preliminary assessment of applications:

to support,

(i) Requests

for assistance should clearly state how the
proposed project would enhance the recipient state's ability
international
to
commitments.

implement

regional

existing

or

(a) Assistance by the EU in the field of SALW must be based
on a genuine political will in the recipient state. A clear
‘is the proposed
answer should be given to the question:
action an expression of a clear political,
thematic or
geographical vision or strategy, or is it deliberately and
justifiably an ad hoc action serving distinct purposes?'.

(j) More efforts should be directed towards involving ngos as

well as the private sector, where possible.

(k) The sustainability of

the project must be taken into

account in the assessment.

(b) The proposed projects must enhance either local, national
or regional security within the recipient state/region (e.g.
contribute to control of small arms, confidence building
measures, reconciliation, regional stability). This implies an
situation and the
ex ante assessment of
effective impact of the project on the envisaged overall
objective,
such as conflict prevention, creation of a
peaceful environment, etc.

the political

(l) Cooperation between EU and Member States' national

efforts must be assured.

(m) The abovementioned criteria are for the most part based
on the result of evaluations undertaken and expertise
gained by the Commission in the implementation of
CFSP-budgets.

(c) Assistance in the field of SALW should be part of an
overall development and security strategy with regard to
the recipient country. In cases where this is not possible,
the project proposal should outline how this activity will
contribute to integrating SALW policy into wider security
and development policy.

(d) Coherence with past/current/future actions in the same

country or in the same region must be assured.

III.B.2. The need for thorough assessment and evaluation

155.
It is important that the projects supported by EU funds
are thoroughly assessed and evaluated. Measures to achieve this
include:

— The implementation of the projects should be according to

sound principles of financial management.

(e) Assistance projects will be based on close cooperation with
the authorities in the recipient state and the role of
different actors should be defined.

— A final report will be submitted at the end of a project,

summarising the results achieved.

(f)

In projects which include a weapons collection component,
all weapons collected should, in principle, be destroyed.

(g) For each project, clear objectives will be established and
benchmarks and time lines identified, so as to make it

— An assessment will be made in order to evaluate if its
objectives have been reached and if a follow-up is needed.
Such an assessment will be made at least towards the end
of the project. Projects, which are implemented over a long
period of time, or to which the financial contribution of
the European Union is important, will be assessed also
during the period of implementation.

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— The Commission will reflect on setting up comparable
templates for evaluation of supported projects as well as
for the assessment of new project proposals.

— The assessment will be organised by the Commission
within its budgetary implementation competence and
carried out by independent expert. It will be presented to
the relevant EU Working Group or the Commission in
close coordination with the Presidency. Allocation of funds
must be decided in a timely fashion for the following year
by the autumn SALW CODUN at the latest and additional
efforts should be directed to the timely and thorough
preparation of
for projects. The
allocation of funds is made with the understanding that
Council decisions concerning individual projects will be
made starting from the beginning of the following year,
subject
in the community
budget.

to available appropriations

the ‘action statements'

— The final report and the assessment will also be used to
identify lessons to be learned for future projects.
is
suggested that the commission provide the assessment on
the basis of the above criteria.

It

FINLAND

Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Political Department, Division of
Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-proliferation.
Contact information is pol-05@formin.fi or mfa, arms control,
P.O.BOX 176,
FIN-00161 Helsinki
Tel. (358) 9 16 05 61 85
Fax (358) 9 16 05 60 66
E-mail: pol-05@formin.fi

FRANCE

Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Sub department for Chemical and Biological Disarmament and
for the Control of Classic Weapons
37, Quai d'Orsay
F-75351 Paris
Fax (33-1) 43 17 49 52

III.C. National points of contact

GERMANY

Arms

control

and

Federal Foreign Office
Division for Conventional Arms Control and CSBM
Werderscher Markt 1
D-10117 Berlin
Tel. (49) 30 50 00 14 65
Fax (49) 30 50 00 41 61
E-mail: 241-1@diplo.de

AUSTRIA

Federal Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Department
Disarmament,
for
Non-proliferation
Minoritenplatz 3
A-1014 Vienna
Tel. (43) 50 11 50 33 56
Fax (43) 50 11 50 228
E-mail: abtii8@bmaa.gv.at

BELGIUM

Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs
International Security Division
Non-proliferation, Disarmament and Arms Control Directorate
15, rue des Petits Carmes
B-1000 Brussels
Tel. (32-2) 501 37 11
Fax (32-2) 501 38 22
E-mail: werner.bauwens@diplobel.fed.be

GREECE

Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Directorate of United Nations and International Organisations
Section of Non-proliferation, Disarmament and Arms Control
GR-Athens
Tel. (30) 210 368 22 50
Fax (30) 210 368 22 39
E-mail: D01@MFA.GR

DENMARK

John Kierulf
Head of Disarmament and Non-proliferation Unit
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2, Asiatisk Plads
DK-1448 Copenhagen K
Tel. (45) 33 92 06 78
Fax (45) 33 92 18 04
E-mail: jokier@um.dk

IRELAND

Disarmament and Non-proliferation Section
Department of Foreign Affairs
Hardwicke House
Hatch Street
Dublin 2
Ireland
Tel. (353-1) 478 08 22
Fax (353-1) 408 23 83

22.12.2003

EN

Official Journal of the European Union

C 312/23

ITALY

SPAIN

Counsellor Paolo Cuculi
Disarmament and Non proliferation Division
General Directorate for Multilateral Political Affairs and Human
Rights
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Piazzale della Farnesina, 1
I-00194 Rome
Tel. (39) 06 36 91 40 00
Fax (39) 06 323 59 27
E-mail: paolo.cuculi@esteri.it

Desk officer for SALW
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
International Disarmament Affairs Division
C/Padilla, 46
E-28006 Madrid
Tel. (91) 379 17 67/91 379 85 57
Fax (91) 576 12 45/91 575 48 65

LUXEMBOURG

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Political Affairs Directorate
5, rue Notre-Dame
L-2240 Luxembourg
Mr François Berg
Tel. (352) 478 24 69
Fax (352) 22 19 89
E-mail: francois.berg@mae.etat.lu

NETHERLANDS

Desk officer for small arms and light weapons
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Arms Export Policy Division and Arms Control
P.O. BOX 20061
2500 EB The Hague
Netherlands
Tel. (31) 70 348 55 62
Fax (31) 70 348 54 79

PORTUGAL

Department for Defence and Security Organizations
Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Largo do Rilvas
P-1399-030 Lisboa
Tel. (351) 21 394 62 95/579
Fax (351) 21 394 60 37
E-mail: dsd@sg.mne.gov.pt

SWEDEN

Desk officer for SALW
Ministry for Foreign Affairs
Global Security Department
S-103 39 Stockholm
Tel. (46) 8/405 10 00

UNITED KINGDOM

Simon Johnson
SALW desk officer
Counter-proliferation Department
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
King Charles Street
London SW1A 2AH
United Kingdom
Tel. (44) 20 70 08 22 51
Fax (44) 20 70 08 28 60

For more comprehensive details of United Kingdom efforts on
SALW issues please also see the United Kingdom national
the UN Programme of Action at
SALW returns under
http://disarmament2.un.org
visit
http://www.fco.gov.uk + ‘international security'.

also

and