Report from the Commission to the Council on the application of Annex X to the Staff Regulations (Council Regulation No 3019/87 of 5.10.1987) 2000
Date: 2001-08-29
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: European official, employment policy, remuneration of work, servant (EU), third country

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

Brussels, 29.08.2001
COM(2001) 497 final

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION
TO THE COUNCIL

on the application of Annex X to the Staff Regulations

(Council Regulation No 3019/87 of 5.10.1987)

2000

INTRODUCTION

In accordance with Article 101a of the Staff Regulations, Annex X determines, without
the special and exceptional
prejudice to the other provisions of the Staff Regulations,
provisions applicable to officials of the European Communities serving in non-member
countries.

Article 14 of Annex X requires the Commission to "submit an annual report to the Council on
the application of this Annex and in particular on the fixing of the rate of the allowance for
living conditions as provided for in Article 10".

Since 1 January 1988, the Commission has prepared ten reports. They cover the following
periods: October 1987-December 1988, 1989, 1990-1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996,
1997-1998 and 1999.

Reflecting the wishes of the Council, further staff redeployment took place in 2000 and, in
relation to the weightings applicable to the remuneration of officials serving outside the EU,
the firm AIRINC was selected following the invitation to tender published in 1999.

In the wake of the Balkans crisis, 2000 also saw the responsibilities of the Kosovo
Reconstruction Task Force transferred to the European Agency for Reconstruction.

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS

ARTICLE 1: RECRUITMENT

The allocation of posts in the External Service, which stood at 693 (including five 'floaters') at
31 December 1999, remained unchanged as a result of zero growth in 2000. As at
31 December 2000, 628 External Service posts were filled and five floaters were operating
from headquarters. Because of the number of posts owed by headquarters to the External
Service, a result of the mechanism governing movements under the rotation system, 25 posts
in delegations could not be filled as they were taken by headquarters and 35 posts in the
External Service were actually vacant.

In 2000, the recruitment procedure was set in motion to take on 12 external candidates from
the shortlists of various open competitions.

2

ARTICLE 2: MOBILITY

Rotation

The rotation arrangements for 2000 covered 175 officials (159 in 1999), of whom:

–

–

–

–

64 moved between delegations

(63 in 1999)

62 moved from a delegation to headquarters

(49 in 1999)

12 terminated their service

37 remained in their posts

(12 in 1999)

(35 in 1999)

The principle of alternate postings in delegations and at headquarters continued to be applied:

–

–

62 moved from a delegation to headquarters

(49 in 1999)

67 moved from headquarters to a delegation

(56 in 1999)

In all, 205 officials moved under the 2000 rotation exercise (compared to 180 in 1999). The
overall total of actual staff movements in 2000 was 260.

Redeployment

Under the policy of staff reorganisation in the delegations and regionalisation of the network,
a Commission decision of 18 July 2000 redeployed 31 posts (26 A, 3 B and 2 C). The
redeployment exercise required staff to be drawn from the following delegations:

–

–

–

A staff: Angola, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Côte
d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, India, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius (2 A posts), Mauritania,
Namibia, Nigeria, Republic of Guinea, Republic of the Congo, Somalia, Sudan,
Swaziland, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uruguay, Zambia and Zimbabwe

B staff: Costa Rica, Swaziland and Togo

C staff: Ethiopia and Tanzania.

The main purpose of this operation is to rebalance resources and increase staffing at
delegations with the most pressing needs in terms of public authority functions. This will be
done on the basis of an analysis of the workload of the delegations. The redeployment
exercise will be staggered over the period 2000-2003. Four posts were also redeployed (Chad-
Mali, Norway-Democratic Republic of the Congo, Directorate-General for Development-
Togo and Democratic Republic of the Congo-Croatia) on an ad hoc basis to help deal with the
workload in the receiving delegations.

ARTICLE 3: RETRAINING

In 2000,
retraining decisions affected 53 External Service officials posted back to
headquarters to one of the Relex DGs, in accordance with the principle of alternate postings
under the rotation policy.

3

CHAPTER 2: OBLIGATIONS

ARTICLE 4: CARRYING OUT DUTIES AT PLACE OF EMPLOYMENT

Nothing to report.

ARTICLE 5: ACCOMMODATION

In 2000, DG Relex continued the policy of providing furnished accommodation for officials
serving outside the Community. References for floor area, number of bedrooms and cost/m²
by country were established.

CHAPTER 3: WORKING CONDITIONS

ARTICLES 6, 7 AND 9: ANNUAL LEAVE

Further "standardisation" of these arrangements was achieved in 2000 with regard to:

–

–

the calculation of entitlement, done since 1998 on the basis of working days instead
of calendar days

and requests for carryover of leave from one year to the next. In line with
headquarters' recommendation, officials serving abroad have made an effort to use
their entitlement and reduce excessive carryover of leave.

The table below shows a clear fall from 1994/95 to 1999/2000 in carryovers of more than
14 days and in particular of those between 36 and 70 days:

Year

Number of officials
concerned

1994/95
1999/2000

590
639

Carryovers of
between 14 and 35
days
180
171

Carryovers of
between 36 and 50
days
67
18

Carryovers of
between 51 and 70
days
25
8

Carryovers of more
than 70 days

3
4

ARTICLES 8 AND 9(2): EXCEPTIONAL GRANTING OF REST LEAVE

Under its regular annual exercise, the Commission decided on 24 February 2000 to grant rest
leave for the year, by way of exception, only for places of employment where living
conditions were considered "particularly difficult", on the basis of the parameters used to fix
the living-conditions allowance each year, and for places declared to be in crisis.

Strict application of the conditions set out in Article 8 of Annex X resulted in this decision
being taken for 30 places of employment in 2000 (see Annex I), as in 1999. For places in
crisis, entitlement is granted in proportion to the actual duration of the crisis.

4

CHAPTER 4: EMOLUMENTS
AND SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS

SECTION 1: EMOLUMENTS AND FAMILY ALLOWANCES

ARTICLE 10(1) ALLOWANCE FOR LIVING CONDITIONS

On 21 December 1999, the Commission fixed the living-conditions allowance rates for 2000
as shown in the table in Annex II.

ARTICLE 10(2) ADDITIONAL ALLOWANCE

Commission Decisions allocated additional allowances in 2000 to officials in the following
posts:

Country

Albania

Algeria

Burundi
Eritrea

FR Yugoslavia-
Pristina (Task Force)
Sierra Leone

Date of effect:
beginning of
March 1997
June 1997
November 1993
December 1993
May 2000
January 2000
June 1998
July 1998
April 2000
July 1999
January 2001
July 1997
August 1998
December 1998
November 1999
May 2000
October 2000

Crisis level or end

Number of officials
concerned

10%
5%
5%
10%
5%
5%
10%
5%
End
5%
End
10%
5%
10%
5%
10%
5%

7

3
1

3
20
1

3

NB.: the Task Force formed in Pristina in July 1999 gradually completed its mission over the
year, setting up a 40-strong unit reporting to the Agency for the Reconstruction of Kosovo
which has its headquarters offices in Thessaloniki in Greece and a centre of operations in
Pristina.

5

ARTICLES 11 AND 12: ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE PAYMENT OF REMUNERATION

The currency in which officials' remuneration was paid in 2000 breaks down as follows in
percentage terms:

–

–

–

73% opted to have their salaries paid in euros under Article 11 of Annex X to the
Staff Regulations;

22% requested payment of part of their remuneration in local currency. Of these,
55% asked for the maximum allowed by the internal directives relating to Article 12
of Annex X (80%) and the remainder opted for percentages varying between 11%
and 76%. In 2000, a 90% maximum limit continued to apply in Japan under the
second paragraph of Article 1 of the internal directives relating to Article 12 of
Annex X to the Staff Regulations;

lastly, under the second paragraph of Article 12 of Annex X, 5% requested payment
of part of their remuneration in a currency other than that of their place of
employment (Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan), on the basis of the necessary
supporting documents.

ARTICLE 13: WEIGHTINGS

laying

On 15 September 2000, the Council adopted Regulation No 1967/20001 laying down the
weightings applicable from 1 January 2000, and on 15 January 2001, Regulation
No 106/20012
2000. On
28 December 2000 and 16 May 2001 respectively the Commission approved Decisions
Nos 44/20013 and 407/20014 laying down the 'provisional' weightings applicable to the
remuneration of officials of the European Communities serving in third countries, the first
decision relating to the weightings applicable from 1 February, 1 March, 1 April, 1 May and
1 June and the second from 1 August, 1 September, 1 October, 1 November and 1 December.

the weightings

applicable

from 1

down

July

Previous years' efforts by the Commission to cut the costs of statistics culminated in the
selection of a private company, AIRINC. The new procedures adopted helped reduce costs
from their previous level of around EUR 2 million to the current figure of EUR 800 000 per
year, without diminishing the quality. Likewise in 2000, Eurostat used a classification limited
to 84 basic headings, compared to 173 in 1999, although without any significant effect on the
results. The Eurostat report (Annex III), updated since the 1994 one, supplies an outline of the
its
methodology currently employed to calculate the weightings and an appraisal of
application in practice.

1

2

3

4

OJ L 235, 19.9.2000, p. 1.
OJ L 19, 20.1.2001, p. 1.
OJ L 11, 16.1.2001, p. 50.
OJ L 144, 30.5.2001, p. 29.

6

ARTICLE 15: EDUCATION ALLOWANCE

A total of EUR 2 972 215 was paid in education allowances in the year 1999/2000. The
system of paying advances on education allowances to staff incurring particularly high costs
was retained. All the advances granted for the 1999/2000 school year were settled within the
prescribed deadlines.

As in previous years, the relatively high exchange rate for the yen prompted the Commission
to allow the maximum annual reimbursement to be exceeded for the 1999/2000 school year in
the case of officials serving in Japan whose children attended an international school there.

The combination of a general increase in education costs and the unfavourable euro-dollar
to be
exchange rate prompted the Commission to allow the maximum reimbursement
exceeded in other places of employment too.

However, permission was granted on an exceptional basis and only for children following a
course of education at the place of employment and attending an international school offering
the European or international baccalaureate, i.e. the Lycée Français, British School, Deutsche
Schule or American/International School.

Furthermore, the purpose of enrolling a child at one of these schools should be to ensure
continuity in its schooling. In line with this principle of continuity in education, two officials
undergoing retraining were accordingly also allowed to exceed the maximum limit during the
1999/2000 school year.

The total amount paid over and above the maximum for the 1999/2000 school year (including
Japan) came to EUR 55 861.

ARTICLE 16: INSTALLATION AND RESETTLEMENT ALLOWANCES

During 2000:

–

–

155 installation allowances were paid to officials newly posted to delegations,
including 144 in euros to bank accounts in Belgium and 11 in the local currency of
the place of employment; and

22 resettlement allowances to officials permanently leaving employment, of which
3 in euros to bank accounts in Belgium and 19 in the currency of the country of
resettlement.

The total amount paid amounted to EUR 1 958 626.47 of which:

–

–

EUR 1 376 921.70 was for payments in Belgium and

EUR 581 704.77 for payments in local currency with the weighting applied.

7

SECTION 2: RULES RELATING TO REIMBURSEMENT OF
EXPENSES

ARTICLE 17: REIMBURSEMENT OF EXPENSES INCURRED IN RESPECT OF REMOVAL OF
FURNITURE AND ACTUAL INSTALLATION ALLOWANCES FOR OFFICIALS NOT IN
FURNISHED ACCOMMODATION PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTION

There was no need to use this Article in 2000.

ARTICLE 18: TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION

195 decisions authorising temporary accommodation were taken in 2000 (compared to 166 in
1997, 187 in 1998 and 163 in 1999).

ARTICLE 19: STAFF CARS/MILEAGE ALLOWANCE

The rules for the use of private cars for the purposes of work and vice versa have applied
since June 1996. The rules were reworded at the end of 1998, and the revised version
distributed at the beginning of 1999. The mileage allowance referred to in Article 19 was
established in accordance with practice in several Member States on the basis of average
running costs. At present it stands at EUR 0.26 per km (EUR 0.36/km for 4WDs).

ARTICLE 20: TRAVEL EXPENSES FOR REST LEAVE

Travel expenses for rest leave were reimbursed on the basis of the distance between the place
of employment and the place of leave determined by the Commission. Where the place of rest
leave was disregarded, reimbursement could be claimed up to the same amount. Expenditure
in 2000 amounted to EUR 282 131.

ARTICLE 21: REIMBURSEMENT OF THE COST OF TRANSPORTING PERSONAL EFFECTS,

REMOVALS AND STORAGE

There were 276 removals in 2000 (247 in 1997, 266 in 1998 and 237 in 1999).

The rules for the removal of personal effects were updated in 1997 and implemented at the
beginning of 1998. An invitation to tender for the insurance of the transport of personal
effects was launched in 1997 and the contract was approved by the ACPC and signed at the
end of February 1998.

ARTICLE 23: REIMBURSEMENT OF RENT WHERE THE OFFICIAL IS NOT PROVIDED WITH

ACCOMMODATION BY THE INSTITUTION

Article 23 currently applies in eight cases (10 in 1999). In the interests of legal protection for
lessors (who are dealing with the European Commission, not private diplomats) and of
the medium and long terms),
housing policy (maintaining quality housing stock for
experience shows that application of Article 23 should be reserved for countries where the
market and legal conditions permit (e.g. Geneva and Washington).

8

SECTION 3: SOCIAL SECURITY

ARTICLE 24(3): REPATRIATION IN THE EVENT OF A MEDICAL EMERGENCY OR AN EXTREME

MEDICAL EMERGENCY

In 2000, 20 medical evacuations were authorised by the Medical Service, including one in an
extreme medical emergency. Three of the 20 cases were settled in 2000 for a total of
EUR 24 884. A further seven cases from 1999 and three from 1998 were settled in 2000 for a
total of EUR 10 599. The SOS Air Ambulance annual premium cost EUR 12 305 in 2000.

ARTICLE 25: ACCIDENT COVER FOR DEPENDANTS

There were no claims in 2000 under the accident cover for dependants.

CHAPTER 6: TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS

ARTICLE 27: TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO REMUNERATION

NB.: This article has been obsolete since October 1992.

9

ANNEX I

DETERMINATION OF ENTITLEMENT TO REST LEAVE
(Article 8 of Annex X)
In force from: 1 January 2000

COUNTRY

Albania
Algeria
Angola
Bangladesh
Burundi
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Congo (Brazzaville)
Congo (Kinshasa)
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Georgia
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea (Conakry)
Equatorial Guinea
Kazakhstan
Liberia
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria (Abuja)
Nigeria (Lagos)
Papua New Guinea
Rwanda
Sierra Leone
Sudan
Togo
Vietnam
FR Yugoslavia (Belgrade)

PLACE

Rome (Italy)
Paris (France)
Windhoek (Namibia)
Phuket (Thailand)
Mombasa (Kenya)
Libreville (Gabon)
Libreville (Gabon)
Dakar (Senegal)
Antananarivo (Madagascar)
Libreville (Gabon)
Libreville (Gabon)
Mombasa (Kenya)
Mombasa (Kenya)
Vienna (Austria)
Dakar (Senegal)
Dakar (Senegal)
Libreville (Gabon)
Frankfurt (Germany)
Dakar (Senegal)
Casablanca (Morocco)
Libreville (Gabon)
Libreville (Gabon)
Libreville (Gabon)
Darwin (Australia)
Mombasa (Kenya)
Dakar (Senegal)
Mombasa (Kenya)
Libreville (Gabon)
Phuket (Thailand)
Brussels (Belgium)

FREQUENCY
3 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
2 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
3 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
1 x 5 days
2 x 5 days

10

ANNEX II

LIST OF POSTS
AND LIVING-CONDITIONS ALLOWANCE RATES
(Article 10 of Annex X)
In force from: 1 January 2000 (1.7.1999 for Pristina and 1.1.1999 for Indonesia)

20%

FYROM
BOLIVIA
BULGARIA
FIJI
GABON
JAPAN (NAKA)
LESOTHO
MEXICO
ROMANIA
SWAZILAND
THAILAND
VANUATU
YUGOSLAVIA
(Belgrade)

15%

SOUTH AFRICA
BOTSWANA
CHILE
SOUTH KOREA
COSTA RICA
HONG KONG
ISRAEL (TEL AVIV)
JAMAICA :
JAPAN (TOKYO)
JORDAN
LEBANON
NEW CALEDONIA
SENEGAL
SYRIA
TURKEY

0%

CANADA
CYPRUS
MALTA
NORWAY
SWITZERLAND
USA-NEW YORK
USA-WASHINGTON

10%

NETHERLANDS
ANTILLES
ARGENTINA
AUSTRALIA
BARBADOS
BRAZIL
CROATIA
DOMINICAN
REPUBLIC
ESTONIA
HUNGARY
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
MOROCCO
MAURITIUS
NAMIBIA
POLAND
SLOVAKIA
SLOVENIA
CZECH REPUBLIC
TRINIDAD &
TOBAGO

TUNISIA
URUGUAY
ZIMBABWE

35%

25%

BELIZE
BENIN
BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
CAPE VERDE
CHINA
WEST BANK/GAZA

STRIP
COLOMBIA
COTE D'IVOIRE
EGYPT
ERITREA
GAMBIA
GHANA
GUATEMALA
INDIA
KENYA
MADAGASCAR
MALAWI
NICARAGUA
PAKISTAN
PERU
PHILIPPINES
RUSSIA
SOLOMON ISLANDS
SRI LANKA
SURINAME
TONGA
UKRAINE
VENEZUELA
ZAMBIA

ALBANIA
ALGERIA
ANGOLA
BANGLADESH
BURKINA FASO
BURUNDI
CAMEROON
CENTRAL AFRICAN
REPUBLIC

COMOROS
CONGO

(BRAZZAVILLE)
CONGO (KINSHASA)
DJIBOUTI
ETHIOPIA
GEORGIA
GUINEA (CONAKRY)
GUINEA-BISSAU
EQUAT. GUINEA
GUYANA
HAITI
INDONESIA
KAZAKHSTAN
LIBERIA
MALI
MAURITANIA
MOZAMBIQUE
NIGER
NIGERIA (ABUJA)
NIGERIA (LAGOS)
UGANDA
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
RWANDA
SÃO TOMÉ AND
PRÍNCIPE

SIERRA LEONE
SUDAN
TANZANIA
CHAD
TOGO
VIETNAM
FR YUGOSLAVIA
(Pristina)

11

ANNEX III

REPORT TO THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS

(March 2001 version)

SYSTEM FOR CALCULATING THE WEIGHTINGS
APPLICABLE TO REMUNERATION IN
COUNTRIES OUTSIDE THE EUROPEAN UNION

Prepared by Eurostat

12

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.

1.1.

1.2.

1.3.

2.

INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................. 14

Regulatory background........................................................................................... 14

Historical background............................................................................................. 14

From subsidy to open market.................................................................................. 15

OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SYSTEM ................................................................. 15

2.1.

General................................................................................................................... 15

2.1.1.

Periodic family budget surveys in Brussels ............................................................. 16

2.1.2.

Periodic family budget surveys in places of employment ........................................ 16

2.1.3.

Periodic price surveys in Brussels........................................................................... 16

2.1.4.

Periodic price surveys in places of employment (place-to-place surveys)................ 17

2.1.5. Continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels........................................................... 18

2.1.6. Continuous monitoring of prices in places of employment (time-to-time surveys) .. 18

2.2.

Respective roles of DG Relex/Eurostat/Contractor/Delegations .............................. 19

3.

3.1.

3.2.

3.3.

3.4.

3.5.

3.6.

4.

IMPROVEMENTS: RECENT AND PLANNED ................................................... 19

New classification based on COICOP and reduction of the number of basic headings19

Price surveys in Brussels and places of employment ............................................... 20

Family budget surveys in places of employment ..................................................... 20

Continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels and in places of employment ............. 21

Delays in introducing survey results ....................................................................... 21

Focus of work ........................................................................................................ 21

APPLICATION OF WEIGHTINGS TO SALARIES ............................................. 22

Appendix 1

Flowcharts of calculation process

Appendix 2

Specimen product definition

Appendix 3 Grouping into 84 basic headings

Appendix 4

List of places of employment

13

1.

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this report is to supply an outline of the methodology currently employed to
calculate the weightings applicable to the remuneration of officials serving outside the
European Union and an appraisal of its application in practice.

1.1.

Regulatory background

Without prejudice to other provisions of the Staff Regulations, Annex X of the Staff
Regulations (established by Council Regulation No 3019/87 of 5 October 1987) sets out
provisions of particular relevance to officials posted outside the European Union.

Article 11 of Annex X provides that the salaries of such officials are, in principle, payable in
euros in Belgium, and are subject to the weightings applicable to the remuneration of officials
working in Belgium.

Article 12 of Annex X provides that, following a request from official serving abroad, the
appointing authority may decide to allow the salary to be paid in the currency of the country
of employment (or, exceptionally, the currency of another country), up to a maximum limit of
80% in accordance with internal rules established by the Commission. In that event, it is that
sum which is subject to the weighting for the place of employment and is converted on the
basis of the official exchange rate.

Article 13(1) of Annex X provides that, in order to ensure that officials enjoy equivalent
purchasing power irrespective of their place of employment, the Council shall determine the
weightings every six months, acting on a proposal from the Commission.

Article 13(2) of Annex X provides that, where the variation in the cost of living (measured on
the basis of the weighting and the corresponding exchange rate) is found to exceed 5%, the
Commission shall decide on interim measures for adjusting the weighting.

Salary weightings must accordingly be calculated for all places of employment outside the
European Union (of which there are more than 120 at the date of writing this report),
irrespective of whether the weightings are actually applied to the salaries of the officials
living there. The cost of meeting this statutory requirement
is inevitably high (about
EUR 800 000 per year).

1.2.

Historical background

Eurostat began working with the present system for calculating the weightings for postings
outside the EU in May 1988.

The distinctive feature of this system is that Eurostat uses statistical sources of its own which
take into account the specific living conditions of Community staff in the various places of
employment.

In the past, weightings were computed by Eurostat on the basis of statistical sources provided
by the United Nations.

14

It was accepted that this data was not directly relevant to the circumstances of European
Commission officials, and in the light of criticism of the techniques used in UN surveys and
the increasing statistical expertise available within Eurostat, it was decided to seek Council
approval to develop a new system. This was forthcoming in 1991.

Since 1989 the collection of statistical data has been entrusted to a non-profit-making
association set up for the purpose (EuroCost), subsidised by Eurostat.

1.3.

From subsidy to open market

On account of the high cost of meeting this statutory requirement (about EUR 2 million per
year) and following the Council of Ministers' request to reduce costs, it was decided to stop
the subsidy to EuroCost after the 1999/2000 work programme. An invitation to tender was
published in 1999 with the aim of awarding a competitive contract.

The outcome of this call for tenders was the selection of the private company AIRINC, based
in the United States. A yearly renewable contract was signed in early 2000 resulting in a sharp
reduction of costs. In fact the yearly costs have gone down to about EUR 800 000 per year.

Such large savings were possible because of the following factors:

–

–

–

–

2.

A company that carries out surveys all over the world for other clients, independently
of Eurostat's requirements, is more cost-effective than an association carrying them
out almost exclusively for Eurostat.

After years of experience with extra-EU comparisons, it is now possible to plan more
efficiently where and how surveys should be conducted.

The number of place-to-place (P2P) surveys was initially very high because
EuroCost was a new organisation and it had to obtain reference data for all places of
employment as quickly as possible. Once a weighting was established for practically
every place of employment, the number of complete surveys per year could be
reduced (from 39 in 1991/1992 to 9 in 2000/2001) and less complex and costly
survey procedures introduced (18 in 2000/2001).

EuroCost also had some minor responsibilities in relation to intra-EU weightings;
these tasks have been re-internalised.

OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SYSTEM

2.1.

General

The basic principles of the system are similar to the methodology used to calculate salary
weightings for officials serving in the European Union.

The current data collection system (see appendix 1) comprises the following elements:

Periodic family budget surveys in Brussels
Periodic family budget surveys in places of employment
Periodic price surveys in Brussels
Periodic price surveys in places of employment
Continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels
Continuous monitoring of prices in places of employment.

15

2.1.1.

Periodic family budget surveys in Brussels

The purpose of these surveys is to identify the expenditure patterns of EU officials. This
information is provided by family budget surveys conducted in order to calculate weightings
for officials living both inside and outside the European Union. The last such survey was
conducted in 2000 and results were obtained for around 700 households. Surveys are repeated
every 5 years.

The total range of household expenditure on goods and services is grouped into 84 basic
headings based on COICOP (the same as used for the periodic survey of prices - see 2.1.3 and
appendix 3).5

2.1.2.

Periodic family budget surveys in places of employment

The underlying principle used in the current system for calculating salary weightings for
officials serving outside the European Union is that it is reasonable to expect officials serving
abroad to adapt somewhat to the local market conditions, without changing their consumption
habits completely (in other words, to preserve their Brussels pattern of expenditure to a
certain extent).

The practical effect of this is to calculate economic parities by reference to the differing price
levels in Brussels and places of employment (see 2.1.4 and appendix 1), calculated firstly
using the expenditure weightings pattern for Brussels (Laspeyres index), secondly using the
weightings for the place of employment (Paasche index), and then taking the geometric mean
of these two approaches (Fisher index). This approach is standard practice for international
comparisons.

The local consumption levels and Brussels expenditure weightings therefore have to be
calculated.

Family budget surveys are conducted for all extra-EU places of employment about every 5
years.

2.1.3.

Periodic price surveys in Brussels

The purpose of these surveys is to establish prices for a pre-defined master list of products. In
the past, price surveys in Brussels were conducted by the Belgian National Institute of
Statistics, attached to the Belgian Ministry of the Economy, and by EuroCost staff to
complete the Brussels price lists.

The current master list of products contains some 600 definitions of goods and services (see
appendix 2 for an example), for which 5 prices have normally been collected in Brussels.
Certain types of expenditure do not appear in the master list because they are reimbursed
directly to officials serving outside the European Union (for example, certain accommodation,
health and education costs). This is different
to the system used for calculating salary
weightings for officials serving in the European Union. Various other types of expenditure are
not included because they are not generally readily available in Brussels.

5

COICOP = Classification Of Individual Consumption by Purpose.

16

The list could be endless but, for reasons of practicality and economy, the range has to be
restricted. Products are included only if they are considered to be representative of the basic
heading to which they belong. The whole range of goods and services in the master list is
grouped into 84 basic headings, the same as used for the patterns of expenditure (see 2.1.1
and appendix 3), and corresponds to the system used to calculate the weightings for officials
serving in the European Union.

The prices are updated frequently and the new contractor (AIRINC) runs a supplementary
survey to cover all the items in a new updated master list. Brussels ECP prices corresponding
to the new definitions have been checked carefully. New Brussels prices will be collected by
AIRINC for any new extra-EU definition. If any prices are missing, the contractor will collect
additional prices in Brussels.

2.1.4.

Periodic price surveys in places of employment (place-to-place surveys)

The next step is to compare the situation in Brussels with that in places of employment. The
same master list of products is used to carry out a survey in a place of employment as for
Brussels. It should be borne in mind that even if the same list is used, surveys performed on
different dates may yield different results (different shops might be visited; different products
might be available). This is an unavoidable feature of a sample-based system.

Price information at a place of employment is collected from the shops specified during
previous surveys and on those identified during the current survey. The list of shops is always
finalised with the delegation's assistance.

Price information is only collected for goods and services which correspond to the definitions
in the master list, and whose quality is comparable to that of the goods and services identified
during the most recent periodic survey of prices in Brussels. The prices of direct personal
imports of goods and services by officials in a place of employment are not taken into
account, although the prices of other imported goods and services available in the place of
employment will usually be included. Clearly not all the goods and services identified in
Brussels will be available in all countries. This does not necessarily affect the calculation of a
weighting, because price comparisons are only made for those items which can be located.

Furthermore, there is a separate Living Conditions Allowance (Article 10 of Annex X of the
Staff Regulations) which is fixed every year by the Commission by reference to five
parameters: health and hospital conditions, security, climate, degree of isolation and other
local conditions (such as cultural idiosyncrasies and the level of economic development).
Factors considered under this latter parameter can greatly influence the availability and
absolute prices of goods and services in a particular location.

More problematic is the question of comparability and,
the
definitions can be relaxed to include items which are equivalent, as opposed to being strictly
identical. The results of surveys organised by the contractor are reviewed by Eurostat
officials, and corrections made/additional work requested as necessary.

in certain circumstances,

The frequency of P2P price surveys is governed by various factors. The criteria for inclusion
in a particular year's survey work programme include factors such as: the level of the
weighting for the place of employment; the time elapsed since the last survey in the place of
the adoption of a new
employment; awareness of particular problems in the area;
methodology; and the possibility of combining visits to similar geographical locations.

17

The yearly work programme is decided by Eurostat in cooperation with DG Relex. Survey
work is administered by the contractor, with occasional Eurostat participation depending on
the circumstances. The process of collecting, analysing and reviewing surveys of this type can
take a considerable time, and it is important that checks and controls are carried out as
necessary. The results are always subject to the scrutiny of Eurostat officials.

The number of P2P price surveys carried out each year (April to March) has been as follows:

91/92

92/93

93/94

94/95

95/96

96/97

97/98

98/99

99/00

00/01 01/02**

39

31

25

24

22

17

16

23

10

9+18* 8+13*

* In addition to the 9 surveys in 2000/01 and 8 surveys in 2001/02, 18 and 13 Dual-purpose-
surveys (DPS) are included respectively. These can be introduced into the system as P2P or
time-to-time (T2T) surveys and can be considered as small P2P surveys which allow the cost-
of-living level to be checked without running a complete P2P survey.

** Surveys proposed.

The prices obtained for the 84 basic headings during such a survey in a place of employment
are compared with the prices obtained in the most recent survey in Brussels, updated with
detailed price indices, to establish benchmark economic parities which can then be updated on
a regular basis (see 2.1.5 and 2.1.6). In accordance with standard practice for international
statistical comparisons, these parities are calculated firstly using the expenditure weightings
pattern for Brussels (a Laspeyres index), secondly using the weightings for the place of
employment (a Paasche index), and then taking the geometric mean of these two approaches
(a Fisher index). This approach is logical, given that officials can be expected to adapt
somewhat to local market conditions, without changing their consumption habits completely
(see 2.1.2 and appendix 1).

2.1.5. Continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels

Having established a base level of prices during the most recent periodic survey of prices in
Brussels, the movements in these prices over time need to be monitored. This is done using
consumer price index data collected monthly by the Belgian Economic Affairs Ministry. This
is converted into the same format as the 84 basic headings, and used to calculate a global
index.

2.1.6. Continuous monitoring of prices in places of employment (time-to-time surveys)

In certain developed countries where reliable, detailed Consumer Price Indices exist, the base
prices established during the most recent periodic survey of prices in the place of employment
can be updated using the component indices of the national Consumer Price Index, which is
analogous to the situation in Brussels. Unfortunately, in many other countries this is not
possible, and an alternative solution has to be found.

The solution adopted is to conduct frequent T2T (time-to-time) surveys so as to update the
prices for these countries. The frequency of the T2T surveys varies between two and twelve
times per year depending on the place of employment. In a few locations, data obtained from
the United Nations is used.

18

Currently, data for 25 countries are obtained from National Statistical Institutes, while UN
data are used for another 27 countries. The contractor is currently conducting T2T surveys in
73 countries.

The resulting T2T data for each place of employment (from whichever source) are converted
into the same format as the 84 basic headings. The detailed indices by basic heading are
compared with the results of the corresponding indices in Brussels, and are used to update the
elementary parities calculated at the time of the most recent periodic survey of prices in the
place of employment (see 2.1.4, and appendix 1). The global economic parity is then divided
by the official exchange rate in force according to the official figures published by the
Commission (used for the budget) to calculate the applicable weighting.

2.2.

Respective roles of DG Relex/Eurostat/Contractor/Delegations

The delegations play an essential role in the periodic family budget surveys and periodic
surveys of prices. The contractor is responsible for the bulk of the fieldwork and computer
work, as delegated to him by Eurostat. Eurostat is responsible for determining the annual
work programme with DG Relex, deciding the methodology in consultation with the Working
Party on Article 64 of the Staff Regulations (including Member State representatives), and
indeed for the final results of the system. Eurostat carries out whatever checks it deems
necessary on a day-to-day basis in order to monitor the professional quality of the results
provided by the contractor. DG Relex currently receives the final results (proposed salary
weightings) from Eurostat every 6 months, and is responsible for their submission to the
Council for approval every 6 months. DG Relex is also in regular contact and correspondence
with the delegations. Working relations between all these groups are necessarily very close,
which ensures an optimum outcome.

3.

IMPROVEMENTS: RECENT AND PLANNED

The methodology and practical techniques used to calculate the weightings applicable to the
salaries of officials serving in delegations outside the European Union are under continuous
review and development, partly from professional desire to improve results and partly spurred
by external events. Significant proposals relating to the methodology are always discussed
first at meetings of the Article 64 Working Party, and a consensus obtained, before any
changes are implemented.

Eurostat is confident that the results obtained are of good quality and the most appropriate for
the purpose of establishing reliable extra-EU weightings. The following comments refer to
some recent improvements or to improvements planned for the near future.

3.1.

New classification based on COICOP and reduction of the number of basic
headings

The use of a COICOP-based classification in 84 basic headings was agreed by the Article 64
Working Party at its June 1999 meeting for implementation in 2000. Basic headings are
groups of products with similar characteristics. They are the lowest level at which expenditure
weightings are available - which allows aggregation to higher levels. The classification used
until 1999 contained 173 basic headings.

It was proved, through some simulations, that results were not significantly different using
one classification or the other. But the reduction of the number of basic headings leads to
more "robust" detailed results, as the products per basic heading are more representative.

19

Moreover a reduced number of basic headings allows a more efficient product selection (see
the list under 3.2.1).

It has to be stressed that all major international organisations now use COICOP-based
classifications for their price indices and cost-of-living comparisons. Thus the use of the new
classification has increased the exchange of data with the UN, OECD, National Statistical
Institutes etc.

The complete set of basic headings is presented in appendix 3.

3.2.

Price surveys in Brussels and places of employment

3.2.1. Eurostat has recently revised the master list of product definitions (February 2001).
The previous list, based on the one used for calculating weightings for officials serving in the
EU, was not always adapted to markets that are completely different from the European ones.
It contained over 3.000 definitions, but in most places of employment it was difficult to find
products corresponding to more than 500 definitions.

The new list contains 600 definitions better adapted to the extra-EU comparisons (see
appendix 2 for an example). This will lead to more effective price surveys and at the same
time to better quality results. Moreover greater consistency between the different kind of price
surveys will be guaranteed.

There will also be a periodic top-up survey in Brussels, to collect price data for items not
included in the harmonised list, specifically to aid comparisons with the prices of goods and
services typically found in countries outside the European Union.

identified

in Brussels

3.2.2. Studies are continuing into the problems of comparison between the goods and
services
countries.
Recommendations have been put forward for certain specific items where the nature and
quality of the good or service, or the shop providing it, is clearly not directly comparable.
Current examples of such items include domestic services, telephone, electricity, water and
other such payments.

less-developed

and those

available

in

3.2.3 The frequency of periodic surveys of prices in certain places of employment has been
reduced. These places of employment have been selected according to criteria such as low
numbers of officials and low and stable weightings.

3.3.

Family budget surveys in places of employment

In order to obtain a valid consumption structure for staff serving outside the EU, due to the
limited number of officials in most of the places concerned, Eurostat ran a general family
budget survey in November 1999 in all extra-EU places of employment.

20

At the meeting held in Luxembourg on 21 February 2000, the Article 64 Working Party
agreed on the application of a single weighting structure to all extra-EU places of
employment. It was also agreed to make an exception for ECP6 countries, for which the
weights will be based on average intra-EU structures by main expenditure groups, provided
that detailed HICP weights are available for disaggregation. Specific "ECP" weights have
been established for the Czech Republic, Romania, Norway, Switzerland, Hungary, Poland,
Cyprus, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, Slovenia and Turkey. ECP weights for Malta will soon be
available.

3.4.

Continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels and in places of employment

In the past the global parity for a given place of employment was updated by applying across
the board the results of the continuous monitoring of prices in Brussels and in places of
employment. Since April 2000 the update has been applied across the 84 basic headings. This
method is more accurate and reduces the risk of statistical errors.

More frequent T2T surveys will be done in future. This should lead to even more accurate
results.

3.5.

Delays in introducing survey results

The usefulness of information depends amongst other things on relevance, reliability and
timeliness. During the early years of operation of this system, the results of some benchmark
price surveys have taken nearly three years to be reflected in the calculation of regular
monthly weightings (although the majority were incorporated within 12 months). Delays have
been significantly reduced. The contractor has to provide the results within eight weeks of the
survey date and Eurostat validation takes generally just a few more weeks.

3.6.

Focus of work

In practice, meeting the statutory requirement
to calculate the weightings applicable to
salaries for all places of employment outside the European Union (of which there are more
than 120) generates unavoidable costs. Whilst it may be inappropriate to cease the calculation
of weightings for places of employment whose weighting is below 100,
it nevertheless
appears acceptable to target the use of resources and focus on those places of employment
where the coefficient is above 100. This is what has been done in recent years.

In the past the frequency of P2P surveys in places of employment was triennial to decennial,
including the level of weighting (high-cost or low-cost
depending on several factors,
countries). At present, the general tendency is to decrease the frequency of P2P surveys.

Close cooperation with the UN and with NSIs in the most developed countries is envisaged.
lines,
In particular, as UN and Eurostat price surveys are now organised on similar
consideration should be given to joint surveys and to the use of some UN data.

6

ECP = European Comparison Programme. Countries concerned are EU15 + EFTA + Candidate
countries.

21

In some cases the need for a new price level survey can also be avoided by using data already
in the ECP (European Comparison Programme) framework. This
available at Eurostat
involves P2P the regular conduct of surveys for a group of 29 countries: the 15 EU Member
States plus another 14 European countries. The latter group includes two non-EU high-cost
countries: Norway and Switzerland

To "test" price levels in the places of employment more frequently, dual purpose surveys
(i.e. lighter benchmark surveys) are carried out in which data for a subset of products are
collected and used to:

–

–

4.

generate all calculations associated with a normal T2T survey;

provide a sufficiently large database to make "reasonable" P2P calculations.

APPLICATION OF WEIGHTINGS TO SALARIES

At the time of writing this report there are around 700 officials serving in delegations outside
the European Union. Presently, salaries are denominated in euros, and it is up to officials to
request payment in local currency (and therefore that local weightings be applied to their
salaries).

The number of officials requesting the application of the weighting to their salaries depends
largely on the level of the weighting and on the stability of the local currency. A typical
number of staff concerned would be around 100.

Under special transitional provisions, payments have sometimes been made in the currency of
another country (e.g. payment in USD in the former Soviet Republics).

22

Appendix 1

A flowchart of the process for calculating the weightings applicable to the salaries of officials
serving in delegations outside the European Union.

Calculation steps establishing a correction coefficient for a place of employment

Placeof
employment

84 weights
(from FBS)

Placeof
employment

prices
(from P2P)

Brussels

prices
(from P2P)

Brussels

84 weights
(from FBS)

Exchange
rate

Laspeyres
parity

84 parities

Original
Fisher parity

Original
Correction
Coefficient

Paasche
parity

23

Steps showing the updating of the correction coefficient

Revised
Fisher parity

84 index
ratios

Original
Fisher parity

Placeof
employment

84 indices
(from T2T)

Brussels

84 indices
(from T2T)

Exchange
rate

Revised
Correction
Coefficient

24

Appendix 2

Some examples of product definitions in the master list used in periodic surveys of prices in
places of employment outside the European Union.

Product

Item

Target brand

Flour

Rice

Steaks

White (bleached) wheat flour, exclude: self-
raising, whole-wheat

Gold Medal, Pillsbury, Heckers

Long grain - Basmati, polished white, no special
preparation

Tenderloin filet, boneless, sliced from the short
loin and sirloin, fresh (if not available, price
frozen, specify)

Filet Mignon

Suit

Winter suit: 2-piece 100% wool, designer brands Boss, Calvin Klein, Ralph Lauren,

Pierre Cardin, Hechter

Trainers

Cross-trainers - running shoes

Nike, Reebok, Adidas

Coffee Maker

Automatic drip coffee maker, capacity: 1-1.25L
(10-12 cups), power: approx. 850W

Mr Coffee, Krups, Braun, Philips,
Melitta, Moulinex

Vacuum

Refrigerator

Cylinder
power:
accessories: standard

type, with disposable paper bags,
standard,
approx.

1200W,

colour:

Philips, Rowenta, AEG, Hoover

Fridge/freeze combo, capacity: approx. 275-
360L (total), defrosting: automatic,
colour:
standard, 4-star, excl. automatic ice-maker and
water dispenser, not built-in

GE, Westinghouse, Thompson,
Whirlpool, Zanussi

Washer

Washing machine, without dryer, front-loader,
wash capacity: approx. 5 kg, variable spin speed:
up to 1000 r/m , colour: standard

Candy, Bauknecht, Electrolux,
Siemens, Zanussi, GE,
Westinghouse, Whirlpool,
Thompson

Carpet-laying

Hourly wage for: laying carpet in a 4x5m room,
no floor preparation, 1 door, using synthetic
carpet

Tyre

16-inch, 225/60 VR-16, well-known brands,
tubeless, all-season tread,
steel-belted radial,
excl. cost of mounting or trade-in

Michelin, Goodyear, Dunlop,
Pirelli, Uniroyal

25

Appendix 3

Grouping into 84 basic headings of the product definitions in the master list used in periodic
surveys of prices in places of employment outside the European Union.

The COICOP classification grouped into 84 basic headings

DESCRIPTION
BREAD AND CEREALS

No. Code
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

01.1.1
01.1.2 MEAT
01.1.3
FISH
01.1.4 MILK, CHEESE AND EGGS
01.1.5 OILS AND FATS
FRUIT
01.1.6
VEGETABLES INCLUDING POTATOES AND OTHER TUBERS
01.1.7
SUGAR, JAM, HONEY, CHOCOLATE AND CONFECTIONERY
01.1.8
FOOD PRODUCTS N.E.S.
01.1.9
01.2.1
COFFEE, TEA AND COCOA
01.2.2 MINERAL WATERS, SOFT DRINKS, FRUIT AND VEGETABLES JUICES

12
13
14
15

16
17

18
19

20
21
22

SPIRITS

02.1.1
02.1.2 WINE
BEER
02.1.3
TOBACCO
02.2.0

03.1.2 GARMENTS
03.1.1/3 OTHER ARTICLES OF CLOTHING, CLOTHING ACCESSORIES AND

CLOTHING MATERIALS
DRY CLEANING, REPAIR AND HIRE OF CLOTHING

03.1.4
03.2.1/2 FOOTWEAR INCLUDING REPAIRS AND HIRE

04.1.1/2 ACTUAL RENTALS PAID BY TENANTS AND OTHER ACTUAL RENTALS

04.3.1

23

04.3.2

IMPUTEDRENTALS(NOTINHICP)
PRODUCTS FOR THE REGULAR MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF THE
DWELLING
SERVICES FOR THE REGULAR MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF THE
DWELLING

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

33
34
35
36
37

38
39

REFUSE COLLECTION
SEWERAGE COLLECTION

04.4.1 WATER SUPPLY
04.4.2
04.4.3
04.4.4 OTHER SERVICES RELATED TO THE DWELLING N.E.S.
04.5.1
04.5.2 GAS
04.5.3
04.5.4
04.5.5

LIQUID FUELS
SOLID FUELS
HEAT ENERGY

ELECTRICITY

05.1.1
05.1.2
05.1.3
05.2.0
05.3.1/2 MAJOR HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES WHETHER ELECTRIC OR NOT

FURNITURE AND FURNISHINGS
CARPETS AND OTHER FLOOR COVERINGS
REPAIR OF FURNITURE, FURNISHINGS AND FLOOR COVERINGS
HOUSEHOLD TEXTILES

AND SMALL ELECTRIC HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES
REPAIR OF HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES

05.3.3
05.4.0 GLASSWARE, TABLEWARE, AND HOUSEHOLD UTENSILS

26

DESCRIPTION

No. Code
40
41
42
43
44
45

NON-DURABLE HOUSEHOLD GOODS
DOMESTIC SERVICES AND HOME CARE SERVICES
HEALTH

05.5.1/2 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR HOUSE AND GARDEN
05.6.1
05.6.2
06.
07.1.1 MOTOR CARS
07.1.2/3/
4
07.2.1

MOTOR CYCLES AND BICYCLES

SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES FOR PERSONAL TRANSPORT
EQUIPMENT
FUELS AND LUBRICANTS FOR PERSONAL TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT

07.2.2
07.2.3 MAINTENANCE

EQUIPMENT

07.2.4 OTHER SERVICES IN RESPECT OF PERSONAL TRANSPORT

AND

REPAIR OF

PERSONAL

TRANSPORT

EQUIPMENT
PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY RAILWAY
07.3.1
PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY ROAD
07.3.2
PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY AIR
07.3.3
PASSENGER TRANSPORT BY SEA AND INLAND WATERWAY
07.3.4
07.3.5
COMBINED PASSENGER TRANSPORT
07.3.6 OTHER PURCHASED TRANSPORT SERVICES
08.1.0
08.2/3.0 TELEPHONE AND FAX EQUIPMENT
09.1.1

POSTAL SERVICES

FOR

59

09.1.2

09.1.3
09.1.4
09.1.5

THE

RECORDING

EQUIPMENT
RECEPTION,
REPRODUCTION OF SOUND AND PICTURES
PHOTOGRAPHIC AND CINEMATOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT
OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
INFORMATION PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
RECORDING MEDIA
REPAIR OF AUDIO-VISUAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC AND INFORMATION
PROCESSING EQUIPMENT

AND

AND

09.2.1/2 MAJOR DURABLES FOR INDOOR AND OUTDOOR RECREATION

INCLUDING MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

09.2.3 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF OTHER MAJOR DURABLES FOR

EQUIPMENT FOR SPORT, CAMPING AND OPEN-AIR RECREATION

RECREATION AND CULTURE
09.3.1 GAMES, TOYS AND HOBBIES
09.3.2
09.3.3 GARDENS, PLANTS AND FLOWERS
09.3.4/5 PETS AND RELATED PRODUCTS
09.4.1
09.4.2
09.5.1
09.5.2
09.5.3/4 MISCELLANEOUS
09.6.0

RECREATIONAL AND SPORTING SERVICES
CULTURAL SERVICES
BOOKS
NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS

PACKAGE HOLIDAYS

10.

EDUCATION - PAID BY CONSUMERS

11.1.1
11.1.2
11.2.0

12.1.1

RESTAURANTS, CAFES AND THE LIKE
CANTEENS
ACCOMMODATION SERVICES

HAIRDRESSING
ESTABLISHMENTS

SALONS

AND

PERSONAL

GROOMING

12.1.2/3 APPLIANCES, ARTICLES AND PRODUCTS FOR PERSONAL CARE
12.3.1
12.3.2 OTHER PERSONAL EFFECTS N.E.S.

JEWELLERY, CLOCKS AND WATCHES

27

46

47
48

49

50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58

60
61
62

63

64

65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74

75

76
77
78

79

80
81
82

No. Code
83
12.5
84
12.6/7 OTHER SERVICES, INCLUDING FINANCIAL SERVICES N.E.S.

DESCRIPTION
INSURANCE

1
2
3
4
5

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

12 GROUPS
FOOD AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND TOBACCO
CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR
HOUSING, WATER, ELECTRICITY, GAS AND OTHER FUELS
FURNISHINGS,
HOUSEHOLD
MAINTENANCE OF THE HOUSE
HEALTH
TRANSPORT
COMMUNICATIONS
RECREATION AND CULTURE
EDUCATION
HOTELS, CAFES AND RESTAURANTS
MISCELLANEOUS GOODS AND SERVICES

EQUIPMENT

AND

ROUTINE

28

Appendix 4

Places of employment outside the European Union for which the weightings applicable
to remuneration are currently being prepared.

No

Country

Town

Weighting
> 100

(July 00)
< 100

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

South Africa
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Netherlands Antilles
Argentina
Australia
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belize
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia - Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chile
China
Cyprus
West Bank and Gaza Strip
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Democratic Republic of Congo
South Korea
Costa Rica
Ivory Coast
Croatia
Djibouti
Dominican Republic
Egypt
Eritrea
Estonia
United States
United States
Ethiopia
Fiji
FYROM (Macedonia)
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Ghana
Guatemala

Pretoria
Tirana
Algiers
Luanda
Willemstad
Buenos Aires
Canberra
Dhaka
Bridgetown
Belize
Cotonou
La Paz
Sarajevo
Gaborone
Brasilia
Sofia
Ougadougou
Bujumbura
Yaoundé
Ottawa
Praia
Bangui
Santiago
Beijing
Nicosia
East Jerusalem
Bogota
Moroni
Brazzaville
Kinshasa
Seoul
San Jose
Abidjan
Zagreb
Djibouti
Santo Domingo
Cairo
Asmara
Tallinn
New York
Washington DC
Addis Ababa
Suva
Skopje
Libreville
Banjul
Tbilisi
Accra
Guatemala

29

@

@
@

@

@
@
@

@

@

@

@

@
@

@

@

@

@

@
@

@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@

@
@
@

@

@

@

@

@
@
@
@

@
@

@

@
@

No

Country

50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103

Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Equatorial Guinea
Guyana
Haiti
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Israel
Jamaica
Japan
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Lesotho
Latvia
Lebanon
Liberia
Lithuania
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Malta
Morocco
Mauritius
Mauritania
Mexico
Mozambique
Namibia
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Nigeria
Norway
New Caledonia
Uganda
Pakistan
Papua New Guinea
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Romania
Russia
Rwanda
Solomon Islands
Samoa
Sao Tomé
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sudan

Town

Conakry
Bissau
Malabo
Georgetown
Port Au Prince
Hong Kong
Budapest
New Delhi
Jakarta
Tel Aviv
Kingston
Naka
Tokyo
Amman
Almaty
Nairobi
Maseru
Riga
Beirut
Monrovia
Vilnius
Antananarivo
Lilongwe
Bamako
Valetta
Rabat
Port Louis
Nouakchott
Mexico City
Maputo
Windhoek
Managua
Niamey
Abuja
Lagos
Oslo
Noumea
Kampala
Islamabad
Port Moresby
Lima
Manila
Warsaw
Bucharest
Moscow
Kigali
Honiara
Apia
Sao Tomé
Dakar
Freetown
Bratislava
Ljubljana
Khartoum

30

Weighting
> 100

(July 00)
< 100

@

@

@
@
@
@

@

@

@
@

@

@

@
@
@

@
@
@

@

@
@
@

@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@

@

@
@
@
@
@
@
@

@
@
@
@

@
@
@

No

Country

104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125

Sri Lanka
Switzerland
Suriname
Swaziland
Syria
Tanzania
Chad
Czech Republic
Thailand
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad & Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Ukraine
Uruguay
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yugoslavia
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Town

Colombo
Geneva
Paramaribo
Mbabane
Damascus
Dar Es Salaam
Ndjamena
Prague
Bangkok
Lomé
Nukualofe
Port of Spain
Tunis
Ankara
Kiev
Montevideo
Port Vila
Caracas
Hanoi
Belgrade
Lusaka
Harare

Weighting
> 100

(July 00)
< 100

@

@

@
@
@

@
@

@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@

@
@
@
@
@

31