Treaty of Nice amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts
Date: 2001-02-26
Institutions: The fifteen Member States: Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Finland, Sweden, United Kingdom
Subjects: European Community, revision of the Treaty (EU)

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TREATY OF NICE

AMENDING THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION,
THE TREATIES ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
AND CERTAIN RELATED ACTS

(2001/C 80/01)

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HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC,

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SPAIN,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC,

THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC,

HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS,

THE FEDERAL PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC,

THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND,

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN,

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN
IRELAND,

RECALLING the historic importance of the ending of the division of the European continent,

DESIRING to complete the process started by the Treaty of Amsterdam of preparing the institutions of
the European Union to function in an enlarged Union,

DETERMINED on this basis to press ahead with the accession negotiations in order to bring them to a
successful conclusion, in accordance with the procedure laid down in the Treaty on European Union,

HAVE RESOLVED to amend the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the European
Communities and certain related acts,

and to this end have designated as their Plenipotentiaries:

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HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS:

Mr. Louis MICHEL,

Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF DENMARK:

Mr. Mogens LYKKETOFT,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY:

Mr. Joseph FISCHER,

Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs and Deputy Federal Chancellor;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE HELLENIC REPUBLIC:

Mr. Georgios PAPANDREOU,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SPAIN:

Mr. Josep PIQU(cid:201) I CAMPS,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC:

Mr. Hubert V(cid:201)DRINE,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF IRELAND:

Mr. Brian COWEN,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE ITALIAN REPUBLIC:

Mr. Lamberto DINI,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

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HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUKE OF LUXEMBOURG:

Ms. Lydie POLFER,

Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE NETHERLANDS:

Mr. Jozias Johannes VAN AARTSEN,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE FEDERAL PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA:

Ms. Benita FERRERO-WALDNER,

Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC:

Mr. Jaime GAMA,

Ministro de Estado, Minister for Foreign Affairs;

THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF FINLAND:

Mr. Erkki TUOMIOJA,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF SWEDEN:

Ms. Anna LINDH,

Minister for Foreign Affairs;

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN
IRELAND:

Mr. Robin COOK,

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs;

WHO, having exchanged their full powers found in good and due form,

HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

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PART ONE

SUBSTANTIVE AMENDMENTS

Article 1

The Treaty on European Union shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.

1. Article 7 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 7

1.
On a reasoned proposal by one third of the Member States, by the European Parliament or by
the Commission, the Council, acting by a majority of four-fifths of its members after obtaining the
assent of the European Parliament, may determine that there is a clear risk of a serious breach by a
Member State of principles mentioned in Article 6(1), and address appropriate recommendations to
that State. Before making such a determination, the Council shall hear the Member State in question
and, acting in accordance with the same procedure, may call on independent persons to submit
within a reasonable time limit a report on the situation in the Member State in question.

The Council shall regularly verify that the grounds on which such a determination was made
continue to apply.

2.
The Council, meeting in the composition of the Heads of State or Government and acting by
unanimity on a proposal by one third of the Member States or by the Commission and after
obtaining the assent of the European Parliament, may determine the existence of a serious and
persistent breach by a Member State of principles mentioned in Article 6(1), after inviting the
government of the Member State in question to submit its observations.

3. Where a determination under paragraph 2 has been made, the Council, acting by a qualified
majority, may decide to suspend certain of the rights deriving from the application of this Treaty to
the Member State in question, including the voting rights of the representative of the government of
that Member State in the Council. In doing so, the Council shall take into account the possible
consequences of such a suspension on the rights and obligations of natural and legal persons.

The obligations of the Member State in question under this Treaty shall in any case continue to be
binding on that State.

The Council, acting by a qualified majority, may decide subsequently to vary or revoke
4.
measures taken under paragraph 3 in response to changes in the situation which led to their
being imposed.

5.
For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act without taking into account the vote of
the representative of the government of the Member State in question. Abstentions by members
present in person or represented shall not prevent the adoption of decisions referred to in paragraph
2. A qualified majority shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes of the
members of the Council concerned as laid down in Article 205(2) of the Treaty establishing the
European Community.

This paragraph shall also apply in the event of voting rights being suspended pursuant to para-
graph 3.

For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2, the European Parliament shall act by a two-thirds

6.
majority of the votes cast, representing a majority of its Members.(cid:146)

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2. Article 17 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 17

1.
The common foreign and security policy shall include all questions relating to the security of
the Union, including the progressive framing of a common defence policy, which might lead to a
common defence, should the European Council so decide. It shall in that case recommend to the
Member States the adoption of such a decision in accordance with their respective constitutional
requirements.

The policy of the Union in accordance with this Article shall not prejudice the specific character of
the security and defence policy of certain Member States and shall respect the obligations of certain
Member States, which see their common defence realised in the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
(NATO), under the North Atlantic Treaty and be compatible with the common security and defence
policy established within that framework.

The progressive framing of a common defence policy will be supported, as Member States consider
appropriate, by cooperation between them in the field of armaments.

Questions referred to in this Article shall include humanitarian and rescue tasks, peacekeeping

2.
tasks and tasks of combat forces in crisis management, including peacemaking.

Decisions having defence implications dealt with under this Article shall be taken without

3.
prejudice to the policies and obligations referred to in paragraph 1, second subparagraph.

The provisions of this Article shall not prevent the development of closer cooperation between
4.
two or more Member States on a bilateral level, in the framework of the Western European Union
(WEU) and NATO, provided such cooperation does not run counter to or impede that provided for
in this Title.

5. With a view to furthering the objectives of this Article, the provisions of this Article will be
reviewed in accordance with Article 48.(cid:146)

3. In Article 23(2), first subparagraph, the following third indent shall be added:

(cid:145)(cid:151) when appointing a special representative in accordance with Article 18(5).(cid:146)

4. Article 24 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 24

1. When it is necessary to conclude an agreement with one or more States or international
organisations in implementation of this Title, the Council may authorise the Presidency, assisted by
the Commission as appropriate, to open negotiations to that effect. Such agreements shall be
concluded by the Council on a recommendation from the Presidency.

The Council shall act unanimously when the agreement covers an issue for which unanimity is

2.
required for the adoption of internal decisions.

3. When the agreement is envisaged in order to implement a joint action or common position,
the Council shall act by a qualified majority in accordance with Article 23(2).

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4.
The provisions of this Article shall also apply to matters falling under Title VI. When the
agreement covers an issue for which a qualified majority is required for the adoption of internal
decisions or measures, the Council shall act by a qualified majority in accordance with Article 34(3).

5.
No agreement shall be binding on a Member State whose representative in the Council states
that it has to comply with the requirements of its own constitutional procedure; the other members
of the Council may agree that the agreement shall nevertheless apply provisionally.

Agreements concluded under the conditions set out by this Article shall be binding on the

6.
institutions of the Union.(cid:146)

5. Article 25 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 25

Without prejudice to Article 207 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, a Political and
Security Committee shall monitor the international situation in the areas covered by the common
foreign and security policy and contribute to the definition of policies by delivering opinions to the
Council at the request of the Council or on its own initiative. It shall also monitor the implemen-
tation of agreed policies, without prejudice to the responsibility of
the Presidency and the
Commission.

Within the scope of this Title, this Committee shall exercise, under the responsibility of the Council,
political control and strategic direction of crisis management operations.

for the purpose and for the duration of a crisis
The Council may authorise the Committee,
management operation, as determined by the Council, to take the relevant decisions concerning
the political control and strategic direction of the operation, without prejudice to Article 47.(cid:146)

6. The following Articles shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 27a

1.
Enhanced cooperation in any of the areas referred to in this Title shall be aimed at safe-
guarding the values and serving the interests of the Union as a whole by asserting its identity as a
coherent force on the international scene. It shall respect:

(cid:151) the principles, objectives, general guidelines and consistency of the common foreign and security

policy and the decisions taken within the framework of that policy;

(cid:151) the powers of the European Community, and

(cid:151) consistency between all the Union’s policies and its external activities.

Articles 11 to 27 and Articles 27b to 28 shall apply to the enhanced cooperation provided for

2.
in this Article, save as otherwise provided in Article 27c and Articles 43 to 45.

Article 27b

Enhanced cooperation pursuant to this Title shall relate to implementation of a joint action or a
common position. It shall not relate to matters having military or defence implications.

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Article 27c

Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves under Article
27b shall address a request to the Council to that effect.

The request shall be forwarded to the Commission and to the European Parliament for information.
The Commission shall give its opinion particularly on whether the enhanced cooperation proposed
is consistent with Union policies. Authorisation shall be granted by the Council, acting in
accordance with the second and third subparagraphs of Article 23(2) and in compliance with
Articles 43 to 45.

Article 27d

Without prejudice to the powers of the Presidency or of the Commission, the Secretary-General of
the Council, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, shall in particular
ensure that the European Parliament and all members of the Council are kept fully informed of the
implementation of enhanced cooperation in the field of the common foreign and security policy.

Article 27e

Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance
with Article 27c shall notify its intention to the Council and inform the Commission. The
Commission shall give an opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of
that notification. Within four months of the date of receipt of that notification, the Council shall
take a decision on the request and on such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary. The
decision shall be deemed to be taken unless the Council, acting by a qualified majority within the
same period, decides to hold it in abeyance; in that case, the Council shall state the reasons for its
decision and set a deadline for re-examining it.

For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act by a qualified majority. The qualified majority
shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes and the same proportion of the
number of the members of the Council concerned as those laid down in the third subparagraph of
Article 23(2).(cid:146)

7.

In Article 29, second paragraph, the second indent shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)(cid:151) closer cooperation between judicial and other competent authorities of the Member States,
in

including cooperation through the European Judicial Cooperation Unit
accordance with the provisions of Articles 31 and 32;(cid:146)

((cid:147)Eurojust(cid:148)),

8. Article 31 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 31

1.

Common action on judicial cooperation in criminal matters shall include:

(a) facilitating and accelerating cooperation between competent ministries and judicial or equivalent
authorities of the Member States, including, where appropriate, cooperation through Eurojust, in
relation to proceedings and the enforcement of decisions;

(b) facilitating extradition between Member States;

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(c) ensuring compatibility in rules applicable in the Member States, as may be necessary to improve

such cooperation;

(d) preventing conflicts of jurisdiction between Member States;

(e) progressively adopting measures establishing minimum rules relating to the constituent elements
of criminal acts and to penalties in the fields of organised crime, terrorism and illicit drug
trafficking.

2.

The Council shall encourage cooperation through Eurojust by:

(a) enabling Eurojust to facilitate proper coordination between Member States’ national prosecuting

authorities;

(b) promoting support by Eurojust for criminal investigations in cases of serious cross-border crime,
particularly in the case of organised crime, taking account, in particular, of analyses carried out
by Europol;

(c) facilitating close cooperation between Eurojust and the European Judicial Network, particularly,
in order to facilitate the execution of letters rogatory and the implementation of extradition
requests.(cid:146)

9. Article 40 shall be replaced by the following Articles 40, 40a and 40b:

(cid:145)Article 40

1.
Enhanced cooperation in any of the areas referred to in this Title shall have the aim of
enabling the Union to develop more rapidly into an area of freedom, security and justice, while
respecting the powers of the European Community and the objectives laid down in this Title.

Articles 29 to 39 and Articles 40a to 41 shall apply to the enhanced cooperation provided for

2.
by this Article, save as otherwise provided in Article 40a and in Articles 43 to 45.

3.
The provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Community concerning the powers of
the Court of Justice and the exercise of those powers shall apply to this Article and to Articles 40a
and 40b.

Article 40a

1. Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves under
Article 40 shall address a request to the Commission, which may submit a proposal to the
Council to that effect. In the event of the Commission not submitting a proposal, it shall inform
the Member States concerned of the reasons for not doing so. Those Member States may then
submit an initiative to the Council designed to obtain authorisation for the enhanced cooperation
concerned.

The authorisation referred to in paragraph 1 shall be granted, in compliance with Articles 43
2.
to 45, by the Council, acting by a qualified majority, on a proposal from the Commission or on the
initiative of at least eight Member States, and after consulting the European Parliament. The votes of
the members of the Council shall be weighted in accordance with Article 205(2) of the Treaty
establishing the European Community.

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A member of the Council may request that the matter be referred to the European Council. After
that matter has been raised before the European Council, the Council may act in accordance with
the first subparagraph of this paragraph.

Article 40b

Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance
with Article 40a shall notify its intention to the Council and to the Commission, which shall give an
opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of that notification, possibly
accompanied by a recommendation for such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary for
that Member State to become a party to the cooperation in question. The Council shall take a
decision on the request within four months of the date of receipt of that notification. The decision
shall be deemed to be taken unless the Council, acting by a qualified majority within the same
period, decides to hold it in abeyance;
in that case, the Council shall state the reasons for its
decision and set a deadline for re-examining it.

For the purposes of this Article, the Council shall act under the conditions set out in Article 44(1).(cid:146)

10. The heading of Title VII shall be replaced by the following: (cid:145)Provisions on enhanced cooperation(cid:146).

11. Article 43 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 43

Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves may make use
of the institutions, procedures and mechanisms laid down by this Treaty and by the Treaty estab-
lishing the European Community provided that the proposed cooperation:

(a) is aimed at furthering the objectives of the Union and of the Community, at protecting and

serving their interests and at reinforcing their process of integration;

(b) respects the said Treaties and the single institutional framework of the Union;

(c) respects the acquis communautaire and the measures adopted under the other provisions of the

said Treaties;

(d) remains within the limits of the powers of the Union or of the Community and does not

concern the areas which fall within the exclusive competence of the Community;

(e) does not undermine the internal market as defined in Article 14(2) of the Treaty establishing the
European Community, or the economic and social cohesion established in accordance with Title
XVII of that Treaty;

(f) does not constitute a barrier to or discrimination in trade between the Member States and does

not distort competition between them;

(g) involves a minimum of eight Member States;

(h) respects the competences, rights and obligations of

those Member States which do not

participate therein;

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(i) does not affect the provisions of the Protocol integrating the Schengen acquis into the framework

of the European Union;

(j)

is open to all the Member States, in accordance with Article 43b.(cid:146)

12. The following Articles shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 43a

Enhanced cooperation may be undertaken only as a last resort, when it has been established within
the Council that the objectives of such cooperation cannot be attained within a reasonable period
by applying the relevant provisions of the Treaties.

Article 43b

When enhanced cooperation is being established, it shall be open to all Member States. It shall also
be open to them at any time, in accordance with Articles 27e and 40b of this Treaty and with
Article 11a of the Treaty establishing the European Community, subject to compliance with the
basic decision and with the decisions taken within that framework. The Commission and the
Member States participating in enhanced cooperation shall ensure that as many Member States
as possible are encouraged to take part.(cid:146)

13. Article 44 shall be replaced by the following Articles 44 and 44a:

(cid:145)Article 44

1.
For the purposes of the adoption of the acts and decisions necessary for the implementation of
enhanced cooperation referred to in Article 43, the relevant institutional provisions of this Treaty
and of the Treaty establishing the European Community shall apply. However, while all members of
the Council shall be able to take part in the deliberations, only those representing Member States
participating in enhanced cooperation shall take part in the adoption of decisions. The qualified
majority shall be defined as the same proportion of the weighted votes and the same proportion of
the number of the Council members concerned as laid down in Article 205(2) of the Treaty
establishing the European Community, and in the second and third subparagraphs of Article
23(2) of this Treaty as regards enhanced cooperation established on the basis of Article 27c.
Unanimity shall be constituted by only those Council members concerned.

Such acts and decisions shall not form part of the Union acquis.

2. Member States shall apply, as far as they are concerned, the acts and decisions adopted for the
implementation of the enhanced cooperation in which they participate. Such acts and decisions
shall be binding only on those Member States which participate in such cooperation and, as
appropriate, shall be directly applicable only in those States. Member States which do not
participate in such cooperation shall not impede the implementation thereof by the participating
Member States.

Article 44a

Expenditure resulting from implementation of enhanced cooperation, other than administrative
costs entailed for the institutions, shall be borne by the participating Member States, unless all
members of the Council, acting unanimously after consulting the European Parliament, decide
otherwise.(cid:146)

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14. Article 45 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 45

The Council and the Commission shall ensure the consistency of activities undertaken on the basis
of
the Union and the
Community, and shall cooperate to that end.(cid:146)

this Title and the consistency of such activities with the policies of

15. Article 46 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 46

The provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Community, the Treaty establishing the
European Coal and Steel Community and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy
Community concerning the powers of the Court of Justice of the European Communities and
the exercise of those powers shall apply only to the following provisions of this Treaty:

(a) provisions amending the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community with a view to
establishing the European Community, the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel
Community and the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community;

(b) provisions of Title VI, under the conditions provided for by Article 35;

(c) provisions of Title VII, under the conditions provided for by Articles 11 and 11a of the Treaty

establishing the European Community and Article 40 of this Treaty;

(d) Article 6(2) with regard to action of the institutions, insofar as the Court has jurisdiction under

the Treaties establishing the European Communities and under this Treaty;

(e) the purely procedural stipulations in Article 7, with the Court acting at the request of the
the determination by the

Member State concerned within one month from the date of
Council provided for in that Article;

(f) Articles 46 to 53.(cid:146)

Article 2

The Treaty establishing the European Community shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of
this Article.

1. Article 11 shall be replaced by the following Articles 11 and 11a:

(cid:145)Article 11

1. Member States which intend to establish enhanced cooperation between themselves in one of
the areas referred to in this Treaty shall address a request to the Commission, which may submit a
proposal to the Council to that effect. In the event of the Commission not submitting a proposal, it
shall inform the Member States concerned of the reasons for not doing so.

Authorisation to establish enhanced cooperation as referred to in paragraph 1 shall be granted,
2.
in compliance with Articles 43 to 45 of the Treaty on European Union, by the Council, acting by a
qualified majority on a proposal
from the Commission and after consulting the European
Parliament. When enhanced cooperation relates to an area covered by the procedure referred to
in Article 251 of this Treaty, the assent of the European Parliament shall be required.

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A member of the Council may request that the matter be referred to the European Council. After
that matter has been raised before the European Council, the Council may act in accordance with
the first subparagraph of this paragraph.

3.
The acts and decisions necessary for the implementation of enhanced cooperation activities
shall be subject to all the relevant provisions of this Treaty, save as otherwise provided in this
Article and in Articles 43 to 45 of the Treaty on European Union.

Article 11a

Any Member State which wishes to participate in enhanced cooperation established in accordance
with Article 11 shall notify its intention to the Council and to the Commission, which shall give an
opinion to the Council within three months of the date of receipt of that notification. Within four
months of the date of receipt of that notification, the Commission shall take a decision on it, and on
such specific arrangements as it may deem necessary.(cid:146)

2. In Article 13, the current text shall become paragraph 1 and the following paragraph 2 shall be

added:

(cid:145)2.
By way of derogation from paragraph 1, when the Council adopts Community incentive
measures, excluding any harmonisation of the laws and regulations of the Member States, to
support action taken by the Member States in order to contribute to the achievement of the
objectives referred to in paragraph 1, it shall act in accordance with the procedure referred to in
Article 251.(cid:146)

3. Article 18 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 18

1.
Every citizen of the Union shall have the right to move and reside freely within the territory of
the Member States, subject to the limitations and conditions laid down in this Treaty and by the
measures adopted to give it effect.

2.
If action by the Community should prove necessary to attain this objective and this Treaty has
not provided the necessary powers, the Council may adopt provisions with a view to facilitating the
exercise of the rights referred to in paragraph 1. The Council shall act in accordance with the
procedure referred to in Article 251.

Paragraph 2 shall not apply to provisions on passports, identity cards, residence permits or

3.
any other such document or to provisions on social security or social protection.(cid:146)

4. In Article 67, the following paragraph shall be added:

By derogation from paragraph 1, the Council shall adopt, in accordance with the procedure

(cid:145)5.
referred to in Article 251:

(cid:151) the measures provided for in Article 63(1) and (2)(a) provided that the Council has previously
adopted, in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article, Community legislation defining the
common rules and basic principles governing these issues;

(cid:151) the measures provided for in Article 65 with the exception of aspects relating to family law.(cid:146)

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5. Article 100 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 100

1. Without prejudice to any other procedures provided for in this Treaty, the Council, acting by a
qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission, may decide upon the measures appropriate
to the economic situation, in particular if severe difficulties arise in the supply of certain products.

2. Where a Member State is in difficulties or is seriously threatened with severe difficulties caused
by natural disasters or exceptional occurrences beyond its control, the Council, acting by a qualified
majority on a proposal from the Commission, may grant, under certain conditions, Community
financial assistance to the Member State concerned. The President of the Council shall inform the
European Parliament of the decision taken.(cid:146)

6. Article 111(4) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)4.
Subject to paragraph 1, the Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the
Commission and after consulting the ECB, shall decide on the position of the Community at
international level as regards issues of particular relevance to economic and monetary union and
on its representation, in compliance with the allocation of powers laid down in Articles 99 and
105.(cid:146)

7. Article 123(4) shall be replaced by the following:

At the starting date of the third stage, the Council shall, acting with the unanimity of the
(cid:145)4.
Member States without a derogation, on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
ECB, adopt the conversion rates at which their currencies shall be irrevocably fixed and at which
irrevocably fixed rate the ECU shall be substituted for these currencies, and the ECU will become a
currency in its own right. This measure shall by itself not modify the external value of the ECU. The
Council, acting by a qualified majority of
from the
Commission and after consulting the ECB, shall take the other measures necessary for the rapid
introduction of the ECU as the single currency of those Member States. The second sentence of
Article 122(5) shall apply.(cid:146)

the said Member States, on a proposal

8. Article 133 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 133

1.
The common commercial policy shall be based on uniform principles, particularly in regard to
changes in tariff rates, the conclusion of tariff and trade agreements, the achievement of uniformity
in measures of liberalisation, export policy and measures to protect trade such as those to be taken
in the event of dumping or subsidies.

The Commission shall submit proposals to the Council

2.
commercial policy.

for implementing the common

3. Where agreements with one or more States or international organisations need to be
negotiated, the Commission shall make recommendations to the Council, which shall authorise
the Commission to open the necessary negotiations. The Council and the Commission shall be
responsible for ensuring that the agreements negotiated are compatible with internal Community
policies and rules.

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The Commission shall conduct
these negotiations in consultation with a special committee
appointed by the Council to assist the Commission in this task and within the framework of
such directives as the Council may issue to it. The Commission shall report regularly to the
special committee on the progress of negotiations.

The relevant provisions of Article 300 shall apply.

In exercising the powers conferred upon it by this Article, the Council shall act by a qualified

4.
majority.

Paragraphs 1 to 4 shall also apply to the negotiation and conclusion of agreements in the
insofar as those

5.
fields of trade in services and the commercial aspects of intellectual property,
agreements are not covered by the said paragraphs and without prejudice to paragraph 6.

By way of derogation from paragraph 4, the Council shall act unanimously when negotiating and
concluding an agreement in one of the fields referred to in the first subparagraph, where that
agreement includes provisions for which unanimity is required for the adoption of internal rules or
where it relates to a field in which the Community has not yet exercised the powers conferred upon
it by this Treaty by adopting internal rules.

The Council shall act unanimously with respect to the negotiation and conclusion of a horizontal
agreement insofar as it also concerns the preceding subparagraph or the second subparagraph of
paragraph 6.

This paragraph shall not affect the right of the Member States to maintain and conclude agreements
with third countries or international organisations insofar as such agreements comply with
Community law and other relevant international agreements.

6.
An agreement may not be concluded by the Council if it includes provisions which would go
beyond the Community’s internal powers, in particular by leading to harmonisation of the laws or
regulations of the Member States in an area for which this Treaty rules out such harmonisation.

fall within the shared competence of

In this regard, by way of derogation from the first subparagraph of paragraph 5, agreements relating
to trade in cultural and audiovisual services, educational services, and social and human health
services, shall
the Community and its Member States.
Consequently, in addition to a Community decision taken in accordance with the relevant provisions
of Article 300, the negotiation of such agreements shall require the common accord of the Member
States. Agreements thus negotiated shall be concluded jointly by the Community and the Member
States.

The negotiation and conclusion of international agreements in the field of transport shall continue
to be governed by the provisions of Title V and Article 300.

7. Without prejudice to the first subparagraph of paragraph 6, the Council, acting unanimously
on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, may extend the
application of paragraphs 1 to 4 to international negotiations and agreements on intellectual
property insofar as they are not covered by paragraph 5.(cid:146)

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9. Article 137 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 137

1. With a view to achieving the objectives of Article 136, the Community shall support and
complement the activities of the Member States in the following fields:

(a) improvement in particular of the working environment to protect workers’ health and safety;

(b) working conditions;

(c) social security and social protection of workers;

(d) protection of workers where their employment contract is terminated;

(e) the information and consultation of workers;

(f) representation and collective defence of
co-determination, subject to paragraph 5;

the interests of workers and employers,

including

(g) conditions of employment for third-country nationals legally residing in Community territory;

(h) the integration of persons excluded from the labour market, without prejudice to Article 150;

(i) equality between men and women with regard to labour market opportunities and treatment at

work;

(j)

the combating of social exclusion;

(k) the modernisation of social protection systems without prejudice to point (c).

2.

To this end, the Council:

(a) may adopt measures designed to encourage cooperation between Member States through
initiatives aimed at
information and best
improving knowledge, developing exchanges of
practices, promoting innovative approaches and evaluating experiences, excluding any harmon-
isation of the laws and regulations of the Member States;

(b) may adopt, in the fields referred to in paragraph 1(a) to (i), by means of directives, minimum
requirements for gradual implementation, having regard to the conditions and technical rules
obtaining in each of the Member States. Such directives shall avoid imposing administrative,
financial and legal constraints in a way which would hold back the creation and development of
small and medium-sized undertakings.

The Council shall act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 after consulting
the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, except in the fields referred
to in paragraph 1(c), (d), (f) and (g) of this Article, where the Council shall act unanimously on a
proposal from the Commission, after consulting the European Parliament and the said Committees.
The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal
from the Commission, after consulting the
European Parliament, may decide to render the procedure referred to in Article 251 applicable to
paragraph 1(d), (f) and (g) of this Article.

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A Member State may entrust management and labour, at

3.
implementation of directives adopted pursuant to paragraph 2.

their joint request, with the

In this case, it shall ensure that, no later than the date on which a directive must be transposed in
accordance with Article 249, management and labour have introduced the necessary measures by
agreement, the Member State concerned being required to take any necessary measure enabling it at
any time to be in a position to guarantee the results imposed by that directive.

4.

The provisions adopted pursuant to this Article:

(cid:151) shall not affect the right of Member States to define the fundamental principles of their social

security systems and must not significantly affect the financial equilibrium thereof;

(cid:151) shall not prevent any Member State from maintaining or introducing more stringent protective

measures compatible with this Treaty.

The provisions of this Article shall not apply to pay, the right of association, the right to strike

5.
or the right to impose lock-outs.(cid:146)

10. In Article 139(2), the second subparagraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The Council shall act by a qualified majority, except where the agreement in question contains one
or more provisions relating to one of the areas for which unanimity is required pursuant to Article
137(2). In that case, it shall act unanimously.(cid:146)

11 Article 144 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 144

The Council, after consulting the European Parliament, shall establish a Social Protection Committee
with advisory status to promote cooperation on social protection policies between Member States
and with the Commission. The tasks of the Committee shall be:

(cid:151) to monitor the social situation and the development of social protection policies in the Member

States and the Community;

(cid:151) to promote exchanges of information, experience and good practice between Member States and

with the Commission;

(cid:151) without prejudice to Article 207, to prepare reports, formulate opinions or undertake other
work within its fields of competence, at the request of either the Council or the Commission or
on its own initiative.

In fulfilling its mandate, the Committee shall establish appropriate contacts with management and
labour.

Each Member State and the Commission shall appoint two members of the Committee.(cid:146)

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12. Article 157(3) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)3.
The Community shall contribute to the achievement of the objectives set out in paragraph 1
through the policies and activities it pursues under other provisions of this Treaty. The Council,
acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 and after consulting the
Economic and Social Committee, may decide on specific measures in support of action taken in
the Member States to achieve the objectives set out in paragraph 1.

This Title shall not provide a basis for the introduction by the Community of any measure which
could lead to a distortion of competition or contains tax provisions or provisions relating to the
rights and interests of employed persons.(cid:146)

13. In Article 159, the third paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)If specific actions prove necessary outside the Funds and without prejudice to the measures decided
upon within the framework of the other Community policies, such actions may be adopted by the
Council acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 and after consulting the
Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.(cid:146)

14. In Article 161, the following third paragraph shall be added:

(cid:145)From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal from the
Commission after obtaining the assent of
the European Parliament and after consulting the
Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions if, by that date, the multiannual
financial perspective applicable from 1 January 2007 and the Interinstitutional Agreement relating
thereto have been adopted. If such is not the case, the procedure laid down by this paragraph shall
apply from the date of their adoption.(cid:146)

15. Article 175(2) shall be replaced by the following:

By way of derogation from the decision-making procedure provided for in paragraph 1 and
(cid:145)2.
without prejudice to Article 95,
from the
Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, the Economic and Social Committee
and the Committee of the Regions, shall adopt:

the Council, acting unanimously on a proposal

(a) provisions primarily of a fiscal nature;

(b) measures affecting:

(cid:151) town and country planning;

(cid:151) quantitative management of water resources or affecting, directly or indirectly, the avail-

ability of those resources;

(cid:151) land use, with the exception of waste management;

(c) measures significantly affecting a Member State’s choice between different energy sources and

the general structure of its energy supply.

The Council may, under the conditions laid down in the first subparagraph, define those matters
referred to in this paragraph on which decisions are to be taken by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

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16. In Part Three, the following Title shall be added:

(cid:145)Title XXI

ECONOMIC, FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION WITH THIRD COUNTRIES

Article 181a

1. Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Treaty, and in particular those of Title XX,
the Community shall carry out, within its spheres of competence, economic, financial and technical
cooperation measures with third countries. Such measures shall be complementary to those carried
out by the Member States and consistent with the development policy of the Community.

Community policy in this area shall contribute to the general objective of developing and consoli-
dating democracy and the rule of
law, and to the objective of respecting human rights and
fundamental freedoms.

2.
The Council, acting by a qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission and after
consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the measures necessary for the implementation of
paragraph 1. The Council shall act unanimously for the association agreements referred to in Article
310 and for the agreements to be concluded with the States which are candidates for accession to
the Union.

3. Within their respective spheres of competence, the Community and the Member States shall
cooperate with third countries and the competent international organisations. The arrangements for
Community cooperation may be the subject of agreements between the Community and the third
parties concerned, which shall be negotiated and concluded in accordance with Article 300.

The first subparagraph shall be without prejudice to the Member States’ competence to negotiate in
international bodies and to conclude international agreements.(cid:146)

17.

In Article 189, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732.(cid:146)

18. Article 190(5) shall be replaced by the following:

The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the
(cid:145)5.
approval of
lay down the regulations and
general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions
relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council.(cid:146)

the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall

19. In Article 191, the following second paragraph shall be added:

(cid:145)The Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251, shall lay down the
regulations governing political parties at European level and in particular the rules regarding their
funding.(cid:146)

20. Article 207(2) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2.
The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-
General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a
Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-
General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified
majority.

The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat.(cid:146)

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21. Article 210 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 210

The Council shall, acting by a qualified majority, determine the salaries, allowances and pensions of
the President and Members of the Commission, and of the President, Judges, Advocates-General and
Registrar of the Court of Justice and of the Members and Registrar of the Court of First Instance. It
shall also, again by a qualified majority, determine any payment to be made instead of remun-
eration.(cid:146)

22. Article 214(2) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2.
The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a
qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission;
the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.

The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President,
shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission,
drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.

The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body
to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the
President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a
qualified majority.(cid:146)

23. Article 215 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 215

Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end
when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.

A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of
the Member’s term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified
majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.

In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the
remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 214(2) shall be applicable for
the replacement of the President.

Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 216, Members of the Commission shall
remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy
need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article.(cid:146)

24. Article 217 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 217

1.
The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on
its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of
collegiality.

2.
The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among
its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities
during the Commission’s term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties
devolved upon them by the President under his authority.

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After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from

3.
among its Members.

A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the

4.
approval of the College.(cid:146)

25. In Article 219, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

26. Article 220 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 220

The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in
the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.

In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid
down in Article 225a in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid
down in this Treaty.(cid:146)

27. Article 221 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 221

The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.

The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid
down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court.(cid:146)

28. Article 222 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 222

The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so
request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.

It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to
make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the
Court of Justice, require his involvement.(cid:146)

29. Article 223 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 223

The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose
independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the
respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised
highest
competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member
States for a term of six years.

judicial offices in their

Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General,
accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

in

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of
three years. He may be re-elected.

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Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.

The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. Those Rules shall require the approval of
the Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

30. Article 224 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 224

The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of
Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the
Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.

The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is
beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They
shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six
years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be
eligible for reappointment.

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a
term of three years. He may be re-elected.

The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of
Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to
the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance.(cid:146)

31. Article 225 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 225

1.
The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance
actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 230, 232, 235, 236 and 238, with the exception
of those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The
Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or
proceeding.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of
appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid
down by the Statute.

The Court of First

2.
proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 225a.

Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to
review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute,
where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.

The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for

3.
a preliminary ruling under Article 234, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.

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Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to
affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a
ruling.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may
exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits
laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law
being affected.(cid:146)

32. The following Article shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 225a

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after
consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and
determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.

The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel
and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.

Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or,
when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact,
before the Court of First Instance.

The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond
doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be
appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.

The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice.
Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the decision establishing the judicial panel provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty
relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply
to the judicial panels.(cid:146)

33. The following Article shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 229a

Without prejudice to the other provisions of this Treaty, the Council, acting unanimously on a
proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, may adopt provisions
to confer jurisdiction, to the extent that it shall determine, on the Court of Justice in disputes
relating to the application of acts adopted on the basis of this Treaty which create Community
industrial property rights. The Council shall recommend those provisions to the Member States for
adoption in accordance with their respective constitutional requirements.(cid:146)

34. In Article 230, the second and third paragraphs shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)It shall for this purpose have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, the European
Parliament, the Council or the Commission on grounds of lack of competence, infringement of an
essential procedural requirement, infringement of this Treaty or of any rule of law relating to its
application, or misuse of powers.

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The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the
Court of Auditors and by the ECB for the purpose of protecting their prerogatives.(cid:146)

35. Article 245 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 245

The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.

The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting
the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute, with the
exception of Title I.(cid:146)

36. Article 247 shall be amended as follows:

(a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)1.

The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.(cid:146);

(b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:

The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The
(cid:145)3.
Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the
list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The
term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.

They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of
three years. The President may be re-elected.(cid:146)

37. Article 248 shall be amended as follows:

(a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the
(cid:145)1.
Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set
up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such
examination.

The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement
of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying
transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement
may be supplemented by specific assessments for each major area of Community activity.(cid:146);

(b) paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)4.
The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial
year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published,
together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the
Official Journal of the European Union.

The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of
special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other
institutions of the Community.

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It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members.
However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports
or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.

It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over
the implementation of the budget.

The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the
approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

38. In Article 254(1) and (2), the words Official Journal of the European Communities shall be replaced by

Official Journal of the European Union.

39. Article 257 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 257

An Economic and Social Committee is hereby established. It shall have advisory status.

The Committee shall consist of representatives of the various economic and social components of
organised civil society, and in particular representatives of producers, farmers, carriers, workers,
dealers, craftsmen, professional occupations, consumers and the general interest.(cid:146)

40. Article 258 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 258

The number of members of the Economic and Social Committee shall not exceed 350.

The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:

Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Austria
Portugal
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom

12
9
24
12
21
24
9
24
6
12
12
12
9
12
24

The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be
the
completely independent
Community.

in the performance of

in the general

their duties,

interest of

The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall determine the allowances of members of the
Committee.(cid:146)

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41. In Article 259, paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)1.
The members of the Committee shall be appointed for four years, on proposals from the
Member States. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members drawn
up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the
members of the Committee shall be renewable.(cid:146)

42. Article 263 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 263

A Committee, hereinafter referred to as (cid:147)the Committee of the Regions(cid:148), consisting of represen-
tatives of regional and local bodies who either hold a regional or local authority electoral mandate
or are politically accountable to an elected assembly, is hereby established with advisory status.

The number of members of the Committee of the Regions shall not exceed 350.

The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:

Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Austria
Portugal
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom

12
9
24
12
21
24
9
24
6
12
12
12
9
12
24

The members of the Committee and an equal number of alternate members shall be appointed for
four years, on proposals from the respective Member States. Their term of office shall be renewable.
The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members and alternate members
drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. When the mandate
referred to in the first paragraph on the basis of which they were proposed comes to an end,
the term of office of members of the Committee shall terminate automatically and they shall then be
replaced for the remainder of the said term of office in accordance with the same procedure. No
member of the Committee shall at the same time be a Member of the European Parliament.

The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be
the
completely independent
Community.(cid:146)

in the performance of

in the general

their duties,

interest of

43. Article 266 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 266

The European Investment Bank shall have legal personality.

The members of the European Investment Bank shall be the Member States.

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The Statute of the European Investment Bank is laid down in a Protocol annexed to this Treaty. The
Council, acting unanimously, at the request of the European Investment Bank and after consulting
the European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after
consulting the European Parliament and the European Investment Bank, may amend Articles 4,
11 and 12 and Article 18(5) of the Statute of the Bank.(cid:146)

44. Article 279 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 279

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the

1.
European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall:

(a) make Financial Regulations specifying in particular the procedure to be adopted for establishing

and implementing the budget and for presenting and auditing accounts;

(b) lay down rules concerning the responsibility of financial controllers, authorising officers and

accounting officers, and concerning appropriate arrangements for inspection.

From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal
Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of
Court of Auditors.

from the
the

2.
The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall determine the
methods and procedure whereby the budget revenue provided under the arrangements relating to
the Community’s own resources shall be made available to the Commission, and determine the
measures to be applied, if need be, to meet cash requirements.(cid:146)

45. Article 290 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 290

The rules governing the languages of the institutions of the Community shall, without prejudice to
the provisions contained in the Statute of the Court of Justice, be determined by the Council, acting
unanimously.(cid:146)

46. Article 300 shall be amended as follows:

(a) in paragraph 2, the second and third subparagraphs shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)By way of derogation from the rules laid down in paragraph 3, the same procedures shall apply
for a decision to suspend the application of an agreement, and for the purpose of establishing
the positions to be adopted on behalf of the Community in a body set up by an agreement,
when that body is called upon to adopt decisions having legal effects, with the exception of
decisions supplementing or amending the institutional framework of the agreement.

The European Parliament shall be immediately and fully informed of any decision under this
paragraph concerning the provisional application or the suspension of agreements, or the
establishment of the Community position in a body set up by an agreement.(cid:146);

(b) paragraph 6 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)6.
The European Parliament, the Council, the Commission or a Member State may obtain the
opinion of the Court of Justice as to whether an agreement envisaged is compatible with the
provisions of this Treaty. Where the opinion of the Court of Justice is adverse, the agreement
may enter into force only in accordance with Article 48 of the Treaty on European Union.(cid:146)

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47. Article 309 shall be amended as follows:

(a) in paragraph 1, the terms (cid:145)Article 7(2)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(3)(cid:146);

(b) in paragraph 2, the terms (cid:145)Article 7(1)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(2)(cid:146).

Article 3

The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall be amended in accordance with
the provisions of this Article.

1. In Article 107, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732.(cid:146)

2. Article 108(5) shall be replaced by the following:

The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the
(cid:145)5.
lay down the regulations and
approval of
general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions
relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council.(cid:146)

the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall

3. Article 121(2) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2.
The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-
General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a
Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-
General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified
majority.

The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat.(cid:146)

4. Article 127(2) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2.
The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a
qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission;
the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.

The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President,
shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission,
drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.

The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body
to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the
President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a
qualified majority.(cid:146)

5. Article 128 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 128

Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end
when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.

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A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of
the Member’s term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified
majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.

In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the
remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 127(2) shall be applicable for
the replacement of the President.

Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 129, Members of the Commission shall
remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy
need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article.(cid:146)

6. Article 130 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 130

1.
The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on
its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of
collegiality.

2.
The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among
its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities
during the Commission’s term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties
devolved upon them by the President under his authority.

After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from

3.
among its Members.

A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the

4.
approval of the College.(cid:146)

7.

In Article 132, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

8. Article 136 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 136

The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in
the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.

In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid
down in Article 140b in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid
down in this Treaty.(cid:146)

9. Article 137 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 137

The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.

The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid
down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court.(cid:146)

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10. Article 138 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 138

The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so
request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.

It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to
make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the
Court of Justice, require his involvement.(cid:146)

11. Article 139 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 139

The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose
independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the
highest
respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised
competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member
States for a term of six years.

judicial offices in their

Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General,
accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

in

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of
three years. He may be re-elected.

Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.

The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. Those Rules shall require the approval of
the Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

12. Article 140 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 140

The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of
Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the
Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.

The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is
beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They
shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six
years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be
eligible for reappointment.

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a
term of three years. He may be re-elected.

The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

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The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of
Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to
the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance.(cid:146)

13. Article 140a shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 140a

The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance
1.
actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 146, 148, 151, 152 and 153 with the exception of
those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The
Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or
proceeding.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of
appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid
down by the Statute.

The Court of First

2.
proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 140b.

Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to
review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute,
where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.

The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for

3.
a preliminary ruling under Article 150, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.

Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to
affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a
ruling.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may
exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits
laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law
being affected.(cid:146)

14. The following Article shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 140b

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after
consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and
determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.

The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel
and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.

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Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or,
when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact,
before the Court of First Instance.

The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond
doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be
appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.

The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice.
Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the decision establishing the judicial panels provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty
relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply
to the judicial panels.(cid:146)

15. In Article 146, the second and third paragraphs shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)It shall for this purpose have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, the European
Parliament, the Council or the Commission on grounds of lack of competence, infringement of an
essential procedural requirement, infringement of this Treaty or of any rule of law relating to its
application, or misuse of powers.

The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the
Court of Auditors for the purpose of protecting its prerogatives.(cid:146)

16. Article 160 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 160

The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.

The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting
the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute, with the
exception of Title I.(cid:146)

17. Article 160b shall be amended as follows:

(a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)1.

The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.(cid:146);

(b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)3.
The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The
Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the
list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The
term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.

They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of
three years. The President may be re-elected.(cid:146)

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18. Article 160c shall be amended as follows:

(a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)1.
The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the
Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set
up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such
examination.

The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement
of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying
transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement
may be supplemented by specific assessments for each major area of Community activity.(cid:146);

(b) Paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)4.
The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial
year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published,
together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the
Official Journal of the European Union.

The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of
special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other
institutions of the Community.

It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members.
However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports
or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.

It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over
the implementation of the budget.

The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the
approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

19. In Article 163, the first paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Regulations shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. They shall enter into
force on the date specified in them or, in the absence thereof, on the twentieth day following that of
their publication.(cid:146)

20. Article 165 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 165

An Economic and Social Committee is hereby established. It shall have advisory status.

The Committee shall consist of representatives of the various economic and social components of
organised civil society, and in particular representatives of producers, farmers, carriers, workers,
dealers, craftsmen, professional occupations, consumers and the general interest.(cid:146)

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21. Article 166 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 166

The number of members of the Economic and Social Committee shall not exceed 350.

The number of members of the Committee shall be as follows:

Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Austria
Portugal
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom

12
9
24
12
21
24
9
24
6
12
12
12
9
12
24

The members of the Committee may not be bound by any mandatory instructions. They shall be
completely independent
the
Community.

in the performance of

in the general

their duties,

interest of

The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall determine the allowances of members of the
Committee.(cid:146)

22. Article 167(1) shall be replaced by the following:

The members of the Committee shall be appointed for four years, on proposals from the
(cid:145)1.
Member States. The Council, acting by a qualified majority, shall adopt the list of members drawn
up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The term of office of the
members of the Committee shall be renewable.(cid:146)

23. Article 183 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 183

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the

1.
European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall:

(a) make Financial Regulations specifying in particular the procedure to be adopted for establishing

and implementing the budget and for presenting and auditing accounts;

(b) lay down rules concerning the responsibility of financial controllers, authorising officers and

accounting officers, and concerning appropriate arrangements for inspection.

From 1 January 2007, the Council shall act by a qualified majority on a proposal
Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of
Court of Auditors.

from the
the

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
2.
European Parliament and obtaining the opinion of the Court of Auditors, shall determine the
methods and procedure whereby the budget revenue provided under the arrangements relating to
the Community’s own resources shall be made available to the Commission and determine the
measures to be applied, if need be, to meet cash requirements.(cid:146)

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24. Article 190 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 190

The rules governing the languages of the institutions of the Community shall, without prejudice to
the provisions contained in the Statute of the Court of Justice, be determined by the Council, acting
unanimously.(cid:146)

25. Article 204 shall be amended as follows:

(a) in paragraph 1, the terms (cid:145)Article F.1(2)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(3)(cid:146);

(b) in paragraph 2, the terms (cid:145)Article F.1(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 6(1)(cid:146) and the terms (cid:145)Article

F.1(1)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(2)(cid:146).

The Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community shall be amended in accordance with
the provisions of this Article.

Article 4

1. Article 10(2) shall be replaced by the following:

The Council, meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government and acting by a
(cid:145)2.
qualified majority, shall nominate the person it intends to appoint as President of the Commission;
the nomination shall be approved by the European Parliament.

The Council, acting by a qualified majority and by common accord with the nominee for President,
shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it intends to appoint as Members of the Commission,
drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State.

The President and the other Members of the Commission thus nominated shall be subject as a body
to a vote of approval by the European Parliament. After approval by the European Parliament, the
President and the other Members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a
qualified majority.(cid:146)

2. Article 11 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 11

1.
The Commission shall work under the political guidance of its President, who shall decide on
its internal organisation in order to ensure that it acts consistently, efficiently and on the basis of
collegiality.

2.
The responsibilities incumbent upon the Commission shall be structured and allocated among
its Members by its President. The President may reshuffle the allocation of those responsibilities
during the Commission’s term of office. The Members of the Commission shall carry out the duties
devolved upon them by the President under his authority.

After obtaining the approval of the College, the President shall appoint Vice-Presidents from

3.
among its Members.

A Member of the Commission shall resign if the President so requests, after obtaining the

4.
approval of the College.(cid:146)

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3. Article 12 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 12

Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Member of the Commission shall end
when he resigns or is compulsorily retired.

A vacancy caused by resignation, compulsory retirement or death shall be filled for the remainder of
the Member’s term of office by a new Member appointed by the Council acting by a qualified
majority. The Council may, acting unanimously, decide that such a vacancy need not be filled.

In the event of resignation, compulsory retirement or death, the President shall be replaced for the
remainder of his term of office. The procedure laid down in Article 10(2) shall be applicable for the
replacement of the President.

Save in the case of compulsory retirement under Article 12a, Members of the Commission shall
remain in office until they have been replaced or until the Council has decided that the vacancy
need not be filled, as provided for in the second paragraph of this Article.(cid:146)

4. In Article 13, the first paragraph shall be deleted.

5. In Article 20, the second paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The number of Members of the European Parliament shall not exceed 732.(cid:146)

6. Article 21(5) shall be replaced by the following:

The European Parliament, after seeking an opinion from the Commission and with the
(cid:145)5.
approval of
lay down the regulations and
general conditions governing the performance of the duties of its Members. All rules or conditions
relating to the taxation of Members or former Members shall require unanimity within the Council.(cid:146)

the Council acting by a qualified majority, shall

7. Article 30(2) shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2.
The Council shall be assisted by a General Secretariat, under the responsibility of a Secretary-
General, High Representative for the common foreign and security policy, who shall be assisted by a
Deputy Secretary-General responsible for the running of the General Secretariat. The Secretary-
General and the Deputy Secretary-General shall be appointed by the Council, acting by a qualified
majority.

The Council shall decide on the organisation of the General Secretariat.(cid:146)

8. Article 31 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 31

The Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, each within its jurisdiction, shall ensure that in
the interpretation and application of this Treaty the law is observed.

In addition, judicial panels may be attached to the Court of First Instance under the conditions laid
down in Article 32e in order to exercise, in certain specific areas, the judicial competence laid down
in this Treaty.(cid:146)

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9. Article 32 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 32

The Court of Justice shall consist of one judge per Member State.

The Court of Justice shall sit in chambers or in a Grand Chamber, in accordance with the rules laid
down for that purpose in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

When provided for in the Statute, the Court of Justice may also sit as a full Court.(cid:146)

10. Article 32a shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 32a

The Court of Justice shall be assisted by eight Advocates-General. Should the Court of Justice so
request, the Council, acting unanimously, may increase the number of Advocates-General.

It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to
make, in open court, reasoned submissions on cases which, in accordance with the Statute of the
Court of Justice, require his involvement.(cid:146)

11. Article 32b shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 32b

The Judges and Advocates-General of the Court of Justice shall be chosen from persons whose
independence is beyond doubt and who possess the qualifications required for appointment to the
highest
respective countries or who are jurisconsults of recognised
competence; they shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member
States for a term of six years.

judicial offices in their

Every three years there shall be a partial replacement of the Judges and Advocates-General,
accordance with the conditions laid down in the Statute of the Court of Justice.

in

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of Justice from among their number for a term of
three years. He may be re-elected.

Retiring Judges and Advocates-General may be reappointed.

The Court of Justice shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

The Court of Justice shall establish its Rules of Procedure. These shall require the approval of the
Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

12. Article 32c shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 32c

The Court of First Instance shall comprise at least one judge per Member State. The number of
Judges shall be determined by the Statute of the Court of Justice. The Statute may provide for the
Court of First Instance to be assisted by Advocates-General.

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The members of the Court of First Instance shall be chosen from persons whose independence is
beyond doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to high judicial office. They
shall be appointed by common accord of the governments of the Member States for a term of six
years. The membership shall be partially renewed every three years. Retiring members shall be
eligible for reappointment.

The Judges shall elect the President of the Court of First Instance from among their number for a
term of three years. He may be re-elected.

The Court of First Instance shall appoint its Registrar and lay down the rules governing his service.

The Court of First Instance shall establish its Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of
Justice. Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the Statute of the Court of Justice provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty relating to
the Court of Justice shall apply to the Court of First Instance.(cid:146)

13. Article 32d shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 32d

1.
The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine at first instance
actions or proceedings referred to in Articles 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 40 and 42, with the exception
of those assigned to a judicial panel and those reserved in the Statute for the Court of Justice. The
Statute may provide for the Court of First Instance to have jurisdiction for other classes of action or
proceeding.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may be subject to a right of
appeal to the Court of Justice on points of law only, under the conditions and within the limits laid
down by the Statute.

The Court of First

2.
proceedings brought against decisions of the judicial panels set up under Article 32e.

Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine actions or

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance under this paragraph may exceptionally be subject to
review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits laid down by the Statute,
where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law being affected.

The Court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for

3.
a preliminary ruling under Article 41, in specific areas laid down by the Statute.

Where the Court of First Instance considers that the case requires a decision of principle likely to
affect the unity or consistency of Community law, it may refer the case to the Court of Justice for a
ruling.

Decisions given by the Court of First Instance on questions referred for a preliminary ruling may
exceptionally be subject to review by the Court of Justice, under the conditions and within the limits
laid down by the Statute, where there is a serious risk of the unity or consistency of Community law
being affected.(cid:146)

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14. The following Article shall be inserted:

(cid:145)Article 32e

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Court of Justice or at the request of the Court of Justice and after
consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, may create judicial panels to hear and
determine at first instance certain classes of action or proceeding brought in specific areas.

The decision establishing a judicial panel shall lay down the rules on the organisation of the panel
and the extent of the jurisdiction conferred upon it.

Decisions given by judicial panels may be subject to a right of appeal on points of law only or,
when provided for in the decision establishing the panel, a right of appeal also on matters of fact,
before the Court of First Instance.

The members of the judicial panels shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond
doubt and who possess the ability required for appointment to judicial office. They shall be
appointed by the Council, acting unanimously.

The judicial panels shall establish their Rules of Procedure in agreement with the Court of Justice.
Those Rules shall require the approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.

Unless the decision establishing the judicial panels provides otherwise, the provisions of this Treaty
relating to the Court of Justice and the provisions of the Statute of the Court of Justice shall apply
to the judicial panels.(cid:146)

15. Article 33 shall be amended as follows:

(a) the first paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction in actions brought by a Member State, by the
recommendations of
European Parliament or by the Council
the
infringement of an essential
Commission declared void on grounds of
law relating to its
procedural requirement,
application, or misuse of powers. The Court of Justice may not, however, examine the evaluation
of the situation, resulting from economic facts or circumstances,
in the light of which the
Commission took its decisions or made its recommendations, save where the Commission is
alleged to have misused its powers or to have manifestly failed to observe the provisions of this
Treaty or any rule of law relating to its application.(cid:146);

to have decisions or
lack of competence,

this Treaty or of any rule of

infringement of

(b) the fourth paragraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction under the same conditions in actions brought by the
Court of Auditors for the purpose of protecting its prerogatives.(cid:146)

16. Article 45 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 45

The Statute of the Court of Justice shall be laid down in a separate Protocol.

The Council, acting unanimously at the request of the Court of Justice and after consulting the
European Parliament and the Commission, or at the request of the Commission and after consulting
the European Parliament and the Court of Justice, may amend the provisions of the Statute.(cid:146)

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17. Article 45b, shall be amended as follows:

(a) Paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)1.

The Court of Auditors shall consist of one national from each Member State.(cid:146);

(b) Paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)3.
The Members of the Court of Auditors shall be appointed for a term of six years. The
Council, acting by a qualified majority after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt the
list of Members drawn up in accordance with the proposals made by each Member State. The
term of office of the Members of the Court of Auditors shall be renewable.

They shall elect the President of the Court of Auditors from among their number for a term of
three years. The President may be re-elected.(cid:146)

18. Article 45c shall be amended as follows:

(a) paragraph 1 shall be replaced by the following:

The Court of Auditors shall examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of the
(cid:145)1.
Community. It shall also examine the accounts of all revenue and expenditure of all bodies set
up by the Community insofar as the relevant constituent instrument does not preclude such
examination.

The Court of Auditors shall provide the European Parliament and the Council with a statement
of assurance as to the reliability of the accounts and the legality and regularity of the underlying
transactions which shall be published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This statement
may be supplemented by specific assessment for each major area of Community activity.(cid:146);

(b) Paragraph 4 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)4.
The Court of Auditors shall draw up an annual report after the close of each financial
year. It shall be forwarded to the other institutions of the Community and shall be published,
together with the replies of these institutions to the observations of the Court of Auditors, in the
Official Journal of the European Union.

The Court of Auditors may also, at any time, submit observations, particularly in the form of
special reports, on specific questions and deliver opinions at the request of one of the other
institutions of the Community.

It shall adopt its annual reports, special reports or opinions by a majority of its Members.
However, it may establish internal chambers in order to adopt certain categories of reports
or opinions under the conditions laid down by its Rules of Procedure.

It shall assist the European Parliament and the Council in exercising their powers of control over
the implementation of the budget.

The Court of Auditors shall draw up its Rules of Procedure. Those rules shall require the
approval of the Council, acting by a qualified majority.(cid:146)

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19. Article 96 shall be amended as follows:

(a) in paragraph 1, the terms (cid:145)Article F.1(2)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(3)(cid:146);

(b) in paragraph 2, the terms (cid:145)Article F(1)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 6(1)(cid:146) and the terms (cid:145)Article

F.1(1)(cid:146) shall be replaced by (cid:145)Article 7(2)(cid:146).

Article 5

The Protocol on the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank
shall be amended in accordance with the provisions of this Article.

In Article 10, the following paragraph shall be added:

(cid:145)10.6
Article 10.2 may be amended by the Council meeting in the composition of the Heads of
State or Government, acting unanimously either on a recommendation from the ECB and after
consulting the European Parliament and the Commission, or on a recommendation from the
Commission and after consulting the European Parliament and the ECB. The Council shall
recommend such amendments to the Member States for adoption. These amendments shall enter
into force after having been ratified by all the Member States in accordance with their respective
constitutional requirements.

A recommendation made by the ECB under this paragraph shall require a decision by the
Governing Council acting unanimously.(cid:146)

The Protocol on the privileges and immunities of the European Communities shall be amended in
accordance with the provisions of this Article.

Article 6

Article 21 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)Article 21

Articles 12 to 15 and Article 18 shall apply to the Judges, the Advocates-General, the Registrar and
the Assistant Rapporteurs of the Court of Justice and to the Members and Registrar of the Court of
First Instance, without prejudice to the provisions of Article 3 of the Protocol on the Statute of the
Court of Justice relating to immunity from legal proceedings of Judges and Advocates-General.(cid:146)

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PART TWO

TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 7

The Protocols on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed to the Treaty establishing the European
Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community are hereby repealed
and replaced by the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice annexed by this Treaty to the Treaty
on European Union, to the Treaty establishing the European Community and to the Treaty establishing
the European Atomic Energy Community.

Articles 1 to 20, Article 44, Article 45, Article 46, second and third paragraphs, Articles 47 to 49 and
Articles 51, 52, 54 and 55 of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European Coal
and Steel Community are hereby repealed.

Article 8

Article 9

Without prejudice to the Articles of the Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice of the European
Coal and Steel Community which remain in force, the provisions of the Protocol on the Statute of the
Court of Justice annexed by this Treaty to the Treaty on European Union, to the Treaty establishing the
European Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall
apply when the Court of Justice exercises its powers pursuant to the provisions of the Treaty establishing
the European Coal and Steel Community.

Article 10

Council Decision 88/591/ECSC, EEC, Euratom of 24 October 1988 establishing a Court of First Instance
of the European Communities, as amended, is hereby repealed, with the exception of Article 3 insofar as
the Court of First Instance exercises, pursuant to the said Article, the jurisdiction conferred on the Court
of Justice by the Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community.

This Treaty is concluded for an unlimited period.

Article 11

Article 12

1.
This Treaty shall be ratified by the High Contracting Parties in accordance with their respective
constitutional requirements. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Government of
the Italian Republic.

This Treaty shall enter into force on the first day of the second month following that in which the

2.
instrument of ratification is deposited by the last signatory State to fulfil that formality.

Article 13

This Treaty, drawn up in a single original in the Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek,
Irish, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish languages, the texts in each of these languages being
equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Government of the Italian Republic, which
will transmit a certified copy to each of the governments of the other signatory States.

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En fe de lo cual, los plenipotenciarios abajo firmantes suscriben el presente Tratado.

Til bekr(cid:230)ftelse heraf har undertegnede befuldm(cid:230)gtigede underskrevet denne traktat.

Zu Urkund dessen haben die unterzeichneten Bevollm(cid:228)chtigten ihre Unterschrift unter diesen Vertrag
gesetzt.

¯Ø(cid:242) (cid:240)(cid:223)(cid:243)(cid:244)ø(cid:243)(cid:231) (cid:244)ø(cid:237) Æ(cid:237)ø(cid:244)(cid:221)æø, (cid:239)Ø ı(cid:240)(cid:239)ª(cid:229)ªæÆ(cid:236)(cid:236)(cid:221)(cid:237)(cid:239)Ø (cid:240)º(cid:231)æ(cid:229)(cid:238)(cid:239)(cid:253)(cid:243)Ø(cid:239)Ø ı(cid:240)(cid:221)ªæÆłÆ(cid:237) (cid:244)(cid:231)(cid:237) (cid:240)Ææ(cid:239)(cid:253)(cid:243)Æ (cid:243)ı(cid:237)Ł(cid:222)Œ(cid:231).

In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty.

En foi de quoi, les plØnipotentiaires soussignØs ont apposØ leurs signatures au bas du prØsent traitØ.

DÆ fhianœ sin, chuir na LÆnchumhachtaigh th(cid:237)os-s(cid:237)nithe a lÆmh leis an gConradh seo.

In fede di che, i plenipotenziari sottoscritti hanno apposto le loro firme in calce al presente trattato.

Ten blijke waarvan de ondergetekende gevolmachtigden hun handtekening onder dit Verdrag hebben
geplaatst.

Em fØ do que, os plenipotenciÆrios abaixo assinados apuseram as suas assinaturas no presente Tratado.

T(cid:228)m(cid:228)n vakuudeksi alla mainitut t(cid:228)ysivaltaiset edustajat ovat allekirjoittaneet t(cid:228)m(cid:228)n sopimuksen.

Till bevis h(cid:228)rp(cid:229) har undertecknade befullm(cid:228)ktigade undertecknat detta f(cid:246)rdrag.

Hecho en Niza, el veintisØis de febrero de dos mil uno.

Udf(cid:230)rdiget i Nice, den seksogtyvende februar to tusind og et.

Geschehen zu Nizza am sechsundzwanzigsten Februar zweitausendeins.

‚ªØ(cid:237)(cid:229) (cid:243)(cid:244)(cid:231) ˝(cid:223)ŒÆØÆ, (cid:243)(cid:244)Ø(cid:242) (cid:229)(cid:223)Œ(cid:239)(cid:243)Ø (cid:221)(cid:238)Ø (cid:214)(cid:229)(cid:226)æ(cid:239)ıÆæ(cid:223)(cid:239)ı (cid:244)(cid:239)ı (cid:221)(cid:244)(cid:239)ı(cid:242) (cid:228)(cid:253)(cid:239) (cid:247)ØºØ(cid:220)(cid:228)(cid:229)(cid:242) (cid:221)(cid:237)Æ.

Done at Nice this twenty-sixth day of February in the year two thousand and one.

Fait (cid:224) Nice, le vingt-six fØvrier de l’an deux mil un.

Arna dhØanamh in Nice ar an sØœ lÆ is fiche d’Fheabhra sa bhliain dhÆ mh(cid:237)le is a haon.

Fatto a Nizza, add(cid:236) ventisei febbraio duemilauno.

Gedaan te Nice, de zesentwintigste februari tweeduizend en een.

Feito em Nice, em vinte e seis de Fevereiro de dois mil e um.

Tehty Nizzassa kahdentenakymmenenten(cid:228)kuudentena helmikuuta 2001.

Utf(cid:228)rdat i Nice den tjugosj(cid:228)tte februari (cid:229)r tjugohundraett.

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Pour Sa MajestØ le Roi des Belges
Voor Zijne Majesteit de Koning der Belgen
F(cid:252)r Seine Majest(cid:228)t den K(cid:246)nig der Belgier

Cette signature engage Øgalement la CommunautØ fran(cid:231)aise,
germanophone, la RØgion wallonne, la RØgion flamande et la RØgion de Bruxelles-Capitale.

la CommunautØ flamande,

la CommunautØ

Deze handtekening verbindt eveneens de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, de Franse Gemeenschap, de Duitstalige
Gemeenschap, het Vlaamse Gewest, het Waalse Gewest en het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest.

Diese Unterschrift bindet zugleich die Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft, die Fl(cid:228)mische Gemeinschaft, die
Franz(cid:246)sische Gemeinschaft, die Wallonische Region, die Fl(cid:228)mische Region und die Region Br(cid:252)ssel-Hauptstadt.

For Hendes Majest(cid:230)t Danmarks Dronning

F(cid:252)r den Pr(cid:228)sidenten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

ˆØÆ (cid:244)(cid:239)(cid:237) —æ(cid:252)(cid:229)(cid:228)æ(cid:239) (cid:244)(cid:231)(cid:242) ¯ºº(cid:231)(cid:237)ØŒ(cid:222)(cid:242) ˜(cid:231)(cid:236)(cid:239)ŒæÆ(cid:244)(cid:223)Æ(cid:242)

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Por Su Majestad el Rey de Espaæa

Pour le PrØsident de la RØpublique fran(cid:231)aise

Thar ceann UachtarÆn na h(cid:201)ireann
For the President of Ireland

Per il Presidente della Repubblica italiana

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Pour Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Duc de Luxembourg

Voor Hare Majesteit de Koningin der Nederlanden

F(cid:252)r den Bundespr(cid:228)sidenten der Republik (cid:214)sterreich

Pelo Presidente da Repœblica Portuguesa

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Suomen Tasavallan Presidentin puolesta
F(cid:246)r Republiken Finlands President

F(cid:246)r Hans Majest(cid:228)t Konungen av Sverige

For Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

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PROTOCOLS

A. PROTOCOL ANNEXED TO THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION AND TO THE

TREATIES ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

Protocol on the enlargement of the European Union

THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES

HAVE AGREED UPON the following provisions, which shall be annexed to the Treaty on European
Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities:

Article 1

Repeal of the Protocol on the institutions

The Protocol on the institutions with the prospect of enlargement of the European Union, annexed to
the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European Communities, is hereby
repealed.

Article 2

Provisions concerning the European Parliament

1.
On 1 January 2004 and with effect from the start of the 2004-2009 term, in Article 190(2) of the
Treaty establishing the European Community and in Article 108(2) of the Treaty establishing the
European Atomic Energy Community, the first subparagraph shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)The number of representatives elected in each Member State shall be as follows:

Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Austria
Portugal
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom

22
13
99
22
50
72
12
72
6
25
17
22
13
18
72(cid:146)

Subject to paragraph 3, the total number of representatives in the European Parliament for the
2.
2004-2009 term shall be equal to the number of representatives specified in Article 190(2) of the Treaty
establishing the European Community and in Article 108(2) of the Treaty establishing the European
Atomic Energy Community plus the number of representatives of the new Member States resulting from
the accession treaties signed by 1 January 2004 at the latest.

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3.
If the total number of members referred to in paragraph 2 is less than 732, a pro rata correction
shall be applied to the number of representatives to be elected in each Member State, so that the total
number is as close as possible to 732, without such a correction leading to the number of represen-
tatives to be elected in each Member State being higher than that provided for in Article 190(2) of the
Treaty establishing the European Community and in Article 108(2) of the Treaty establishing the
European Atomic Energy Community for the 1999-2004 term.

The Council shall adopt a decision to that effect.

4.
By way of derogation from the second paragraph of Article 189 of the Treaty establishing the
European Community and from the second paragraph of Article 107 of the Treaty establishing the
European Atomic Energy Community, in the event of the entry into force of accession treaties after the
adoption of the Council decision provided for in the second subparagraph of paragraph 3 of this Article,
the number of members of the European Parliament may temporarily exceed 732 for the period for
which that decision applies. The same correction as that referred to in the first subparagraph of
paragraph 3 of this Article shall be applied to the number of representatives to be elected in the
Member States in question.

Provisions concerning the weighting of votes in the Council

Article 3

1.

On 1 January 2005:

(a) in Article 205 of the Treaty establishing the European Community and in Article 118 of the Treaty

establishing the European Atomic Energy Community:

(i) paragraph 2 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)2. Where the Council is required to act by a qualified majority, the votes of its members shall
be weighted as follows:

Belgium
Denmark
Germany
Greece
Spain
France
Ireland
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Austria
Portugal
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom

12
7
29
12
27
29
7
29
4
13
10
12
7
10
29

Acts of the Council shall require for their adoption at least 169 votes in favour cast by a majority
of
from the
Commission.

the members where this Treaty requires them to be adopted on a proposal

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In other cases, for their adoption acts of the Council shall require at least 169 votes in favour, cast
by at least two-thirds of the members.(cid:146)

(ii) the following paragraph 4 shall be added:

(cid:145)4. When a decision is to be adopted by the Council by a qualified majority, a member of the
the Member States constituting the qualified majority
Council may request verification that
represent at least 62 % of the total population of the Union. If that condition is shown not to
have been met, the decision in question shall not be adopted.(cid:146)

(b) In Article 23(2) of the Treaty on European Union, the third subparagraph shall be replaced by the

following text:

(cid:145)The votes of the members of the Council shall be weighted in accordance with Article 205(2) of the
Treaty establishing the European Community. For their adoption, decisions shall require at least 169
votes in favour cast by at least two-thirds of the members. When a decision is to be adopted by the
Council by a qualified majority, a member of the Council may request verification that the Member
States constituting the qualified majority represent at least 62 % of the total population of the Union.
If that condition is shown not to have been met, the decision in question shall not be adopted.(cid:146)

(c) In Article 34 of the Treaty on European Union, paragraph 3 shall be replaced by the following:

(cid:145)3. Where the Council is required to act by a qualified majority, the votes of its members shall be
weighted as laid down in Article 205(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community, and for
their adoption acts of the Council shall require at least 169 votes in favour, cast by at least two-thirds
of the members. When a decision is to be adopted by the Council by a qualified majority, a member
of the Council may request verification that the Member States constituting the qualified majority
represent at least 62 % of the total population of the Union. If that condition is shown not to have
been met, the decision in question shall not be adopted.(cid:146)

2.
At the time of each accession, the threshold referred to in the second subparagraph of Article
205(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Community and in the second subparagraph of Article
118(2) of the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall be calculated in such a
way that the qualified majority threshold expressed in votes does not exceed the threshold resulting from
the table in the Declaration on the enlargement of the European Union, included in the Final Act of the
Conference which adopted the Treaty of Nice.

Article 4

Provisions concerning the Commission

1.
On 1 January 2005 and with effect from when the first Commission following that date takes up
its duties, Article 213(1) of the Treaty establishing the European Community and Article 126(1) of the
Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community shall be replaced by the following:

The Members of the Commission shall be chosen on the grounds of their general competence

(cid:145)1.
and their independence shall be beyond doubt.

The Commission shall include one national of each of the Member States.

The number of Members of the Commission may be altered by the Council, acting unanimously.(cid:146)

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2. When the Union consists of 27 Member States, Article 213(1) of the Treaty establishing the
European Community and Article 126(1) of
the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy
Community shall be replaced by the following:

The Members of the Commission shall be chosen on the grounds of their general competence

(cid:145)1.
and their independence shall be beyond doubt.

The number of Members of the Commission shall be less than the number of Member States. The
Members of the Commission shall be chosen according to a rotation system based on the principle
of equality, the implementing arrangements for which shall be adopted by the Council, acting
unanimously.

The number of Members of the Commission shall be set by the Council, acting unanimously.(cid:146)

This amendment shall apply as from the date on which the first Commission following the date of
accession of the twenty-seventh Member State of the Union takes up its duties.

The Council, acting unanimously after signing the treaty of accession of the twenty-seventh

3.
Member State of the Union, shall adopt:

(cid:151) the number of Members of the Commission;

(cid:151) the implementing arrangements for a rotation system based on the principle of equality containing
all the criteria and rules necessary for determining the composition of successive colleges auto-
matically on the basis of the following principles:

(a) Member States shall be treated on a strictly equal footing as regards determination of the
sequence of, and the time spent by, their nationals as Members of the Commission; consequently,
the difference between the total number of terms of office held by nationals of any given pair of
Member States may never be more than one;

(b) subject to point (a), each successive college shall be so composed as to reflect satisfactorily the

demographic and geographical range of all the Member States of the Union.

Any State which accedes to the Union shall be entitled, at the time of its accession, to have one of

4.
its nationals as a Member of the Commission until paragraph 2 applies.

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B. PROTOCOL ANNEXED TO THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION, TO THE TREATY
ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY AND TO THE TREATY ESTAB-
LISHING THE EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY

Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice

THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES

DESIRING to lay down the Statute of the Court of Justice provided for in Article 245 of the Treaty
establishing the European Community and in Article 160 of the Treaty establishing the European
Atomic Energy Community,

HAVE AGREED upon the following provisions, which shall be annexed to the Treaty on European
Union, the Treaty establishing the European Community and the Treaty establishing the European
Atomic Energy Community:

The Court of Justice shall be constituted and shall function in accordance with the provisions of the
Treaty on European Union (EU Treaty), of the Treaty establishing the European Community (EC Treaty),
of the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC Treaty) and of this Statute.

Article 1

TITLE I

JUDGES AND ADVOCATES-GENERAL

Article 2

Before taking up his duties each Judge shall,
impartially and conscientiously and to preserve the secrecy of the deliberations of the Court.

in open court, take an oath to perform his duties

The Judges shall be immune from legal proceedings. After they have ceased to hold office, they shall
continue to enjoy immunity in respect of acts performed by them in their official capacity, including
words spoken or written.

Article 3

The Court, sitting as a full Court, may waive the immunity.

Where immunity has been waived and criminal proceedings are instituted against a Judge, he shall be
tried, in any of the Member States, only by the court competent to judge the members of the highest
national judiciary.

Articles 12 to 15 and Article 18 of the Protocol on the privileges and immunities of the European
Communities shall apply to the Judges, Advocates-General, Registrar and Assistant Rapporteurs of the
Court, without prejudice to the provisions relating to immunity from legal proceedings of Judges which
are set out in the preceding paragraphs.

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The Judges may not hold any political or administrative office.

Article 4

They may not engage in any occupation, whether gainful or not, unless exemption is exceptionally
granted by the Council.

When taking up their duties, they shall give a solemn undertaking that, both during and after their term
of office, they will respect the obligations arising therefrom,
in particular the duty to behave with
integrity and discretion as regards the acceptance, after they have ceased to hold office, of certain
appointments or benefits.

Any doubt on this point shall be settled by decision of the Court.

Apart from normal replacement, or death, the duties of a Judge shall end when he resigns.

Article 5

Where a Judge resigns, his letter of resignation shall be addressed to the President of the Court for
transmission to the President of the Council. Upon this notification a vacancy shall arise on the bench.

Save where Article 6 applies, a Judge shall continue to hold office until his successor takes up his duties.

Article 6

A Judge may be deprived of his office or of his right to a pension or other benefits in its stead only if, in
the unanimous opinion of the Judges and Advocates-General of the Court, he no longer fulfils the
requisite conditions or meets the obligations arising from his office. The Judge concerned shall not take
part in any such deliberations.

The Registrar of the Court shall communicate the decision of the Court to the President of the European
Parliament and to the President of the Commission and shall notify it to the President of the Council.

In the case of a decision depriving a Judge of his office, a vacancy shall arise on the bench upon this
latter notification.

A Judge who is to replace a member of the Court whose term of office has not expired shall be
appointed for the remainder of his predecessor’s term.

Article 7

The provisions of Articles 2 to 7 shall apply to the Advocates-General.

Article 8

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TITLE II

ORGANISATION

Article 9

When, every three years, the Judges are partially replaced, eight and seven Judges shall be replaced
alternately.

When, every three years, the Advocates-General are partially replaced, four Advocates-General shall be
replaced on each occasion.

The Registrar shall take an oath before the Court to perform his duties impartially and conscientiously
and to preserve the secrecy of the deliberations of the Court.

Article 10

Article 11

The Court shall arrange for replacement of the Registrar on occasions when he is prevented from
attending the Court.

Officials and other servants shall be attached to the Court to enable it to function. They shall be
responsible to the Registrar under the authority of the President.

Article 12

Article 13

On a proposal from the Court, the Council may, acting unanimously, provide for the appointment of
Assistant Rapporteurs and lay down the rules governing their service. The Assistant Rapporteurs may be
required, under conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure, to participate in preparatory inquiries in
cases pending before the Court and to cooperate with the Judge who acts as Rapporteur.

The Assistant Rapporteurs shall be chosen from persons whose independence is beyond doubt and who
possess the necessary legal qualifications; they shall be appointed by the Council. They shall take an oath
before the Court to perform their duties impartially and conscientiously and to preserve the secrecy of
the deliberations of the Court.

Article 14

The Judges, the Advocates-General and the Registrar shall be required to reside at the place where the
Court has its seat.

The Court shall remain permanently in session. The duration of
determined by the Court with due regard to the needs of its business.

the judicial vacations shall be

Article 15

The Court shall form chambers consisting of three and five Judges. The Judges shall elect the Presidents
of the chambers from among their number. The Presidents of the chambers of five Judges shall be
elected for three years. They may be re-elected once.

Article 16

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The Grand Chamber shall consist of eleven Judges. It shall be presided over by the President of the
Court. The Presidents of the chambers of five Judges and other Judges appointed in accordance with the
conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure shall also form part of the Grand Chamber.

The Court shall sit in a Grand Chamber when a Member State or an institution of the Communities that
is party to the proceedings so requests.

The Court shall sit as a full Court where cases are brought before it pursuant to Article 195(2), Article
213(2), Article 216 or Article 247(7) of the EC Treaty or Article 107d(2), Article 126(2), Article 129 or
Article 160b(7) of the EAEC Treaty.

Moreover, where it considers that a case before it is of exceptional importance, the Court may decide,
after hearing the Advocate-General, to refer the case to the full Court.

Decisions of the Court shall be valid only when an uneven number of its members is sitting in the
deliberations.

Article 17

Decisions of the chambers consisting of either three or five Judges shall be valid only if they are taken
by three Judges.

Decisions of the Grand Chamber shall be valid only if nine Judges are sitting.

Decisions of the full Court shall be valid only if eleven Judges are sitting.

In the event of one of the Judges of a chamber being prevented from attending, a Judge of another
chamber may be called upon to sit in accordance with conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure.

No Judge or Advocate-General may take part in the disposal of any case in which he has previously
taken part as agent or adviser or has acted for one of the parties, or in which he has been called upon to
pronounce as a member of a court or tribunal, of a commission of inquiry or in any other capacity.

Article 18

If, for some special reason, any Judge or Advocate-General considers that he should not take part in the
judgment or examination of a particular case, he shall so inform the President. If, for some special
reason, the President considers that any Judge or Advocate-General should not sit or make submissions
in a particular case, he shall notify him accordingly.

Any difficulty arising as to the application of this Article shall be settled by decision of the Court.

A party may not apply for a change in the composition of the Court or of one of its chambers on the
grounds of either the nationality of a Judge or the absence from the Court or from the chamber of a
Judge of the nationality of that party.

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TITLE III

PROCEDURE

Article 19

The Member States and the institutions of the Communities shall be represented before the Court by an
agent appointed for each case; the agent may be assisted by an adviser or by a lawyer.

The States, other than the Member States, which are parties to the Agreement on the European
Economic Area and also the EFTA Surveillance Authority referred to in that Agreement shall be
represented in same manner.

Other parties must be represented by a lawyer.

Only a lawyer authorised to practise before a court of a Member State or of another State which is a
party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area may represent or assist a party before the
Court.

Such agents, advisers and lawyers shall, when they appear before the Court, enjoy the rights and
immunities necessary to the independent exercise of their duties, under conditions laid down in the
Rules of Procedure.

As regards such advisers and lawyers who appear before it, the Court shall have the powers normally
accorded to courts of law, under conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure.

University teachers being nationals of a Member State whose law accords them a right of audience shall
have the same rights before the Court as are accorded by this Article to lawyers.

The procedure before the Court shall consist of two parts: written and oral.

Article 20

The written procedure shall consist of the communication to the parties and to the institutions of the
Communities whose decisions are in dispute, of applications, statements of case, defences and obser-
vations, and of replies, if any, as well as of all papers and documents in support or of certified copies of
them.

Communications shall be made by the Registrar in the order and within the time laid down in the Rules
of Procedure.

The oral procedure shall consist of the reading of the report presented by a Judge acting as Rapporteur,
the hearing by the Court of agents, advisers and lawyers and of the submissions of the Advocate-
General, as well as the hearing, if any, of witnesses and experts.

Where it considers that the case raises no new point of law, the Court may decide, after hearing the
Advocate-General, that the case shall be determined without a submission from the Advocate-General.

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Article 21

A case shall be brought before the Court by a written application addressed to the Registrar. The
application shall contain the applicant’s name and permanent address and the description of
the
signatory, the name of the party or names of the parties against whom the application is made, the
subject-matter of the dispute, the form of order sought and a brief statement of the pleas in law on
which the application is based.

The application shall be accompanied, where appropriate, by the measure the annulment of which is
sought or, in the circumstances referred to in Article 232 of the EC Treaty and Article 148 of the EAEC
Treaty, by documentary evidence of the date on which an institution was, in accordance with those
Articles, requested to act. If the documents are not submitted with the application, the Registrar shall
ask the party concerned to produce them within a reasonable period, but in that event the rights of the
party shall not lapse even if such documents are produced after the time-limit for bringing proceedings.

Article 22

A case governed by Article 18 of the EAEC Treaty shall be brought before the Court by an appeal
addressed to the Registrar. The appeal shall contain the name and permanent address of the applicant
and the description of the signatory, a reference to the decision against which the appeal is brought, the
names of the respondents, the subject-matter of the dispute, the submissions and a brief statement of the
grounds on which the appeal is based.

The appeal shall be accompanied by a certified copy of the decision of the Arbitration Committee which
is contested.

If the Court rejects the appeal, the decision of the Arbitration Committee shall become final.

If the Court annuls the decision of the Arbitration Committee, the matter may be re-opened, where
appropriate, on the initiative of one of the parties in the case, before the Arbitration Committee. The
latter shall conform to any decisions on points of law given by the Court.

Article 23

In the cases governed by Article 35(1) of the EU Treaty, by Article 234 of the EC Treaty and by Article
150 of the EAEC Treaty, the decision of the court or tribunal of a Member State which suspends its
proceedings and refers a case to the Court shall be notified to the Court by the court or tribunal
concerned. The decision shall then be notified by the Registrar of the Court to the parties, to the
Member States and to the Commission, and also to the Council or to the European Central Bank if the
act the validity or interpretation of which is in dispute originates from one of them, and to the
European Parliament and the Council if the act the validity or interpretation of which is in dispute
was adopted jointly by those two institutions.

Within two months of this notification, the parties, the Member States, the Commission and, where
appropriate, the European Parliament, the Council and the European Central Bank, shall be entitled to
submit statements of case or written observations to the Court.

In the cases governed by Article 234 of the EC Treaty, the decision of the national court or tribunal
shall, moreover, be notified by the Registrar of the Court to the States, other than the Member States,
which are parties to the Agreement on the European Economic Area and also to the EFTA Surveillance
Authority referred to in that Agreement which may, within two months of notification, where one of
the fields of application of that Agreement is concerned, submit statements of case or written obser-
vations to the Court.

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The Court may require the parties to produce all documents and to supply all information which the
Court considers desirable. Formal note shall be taken of any refusal.

Article 24

The Court may also require the Member States and institutions not being parties to the case to supply all
information which the Court considers necessary for the proceedings.

The Court may at any time entrust any individual, body, authority, committee or other organisation it
chooses with the task of giving an expert opinion.

Article 25

Witnesses may be heard under conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure.

Article 26

With respect to defaulting witnesses the Court shall have the powers generally granted to courts and
tribunals and may impose pecuniary penalties under conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure.

Article 27

Witnesses and experts may be heard on oath taken in the form laid down in the Rules of Procedure or
in the manner laid down by the law of the country of the witness or expert.

Article 28

The Court may order that a witness or expert be heard by the judicial authority of his place of
permanent residence.

Article 29

The order shall be sent for implementation to the competent judicial authority under conditions laid
down in the Rules of Procedure. The documents drawn up in compliance with the letters rogatory shall
be returned to the Court under the same conditions.

The Court shall defray the expenses, without prejudice to the right to charge them, where appropriate,
to the parties.

Article 30

A Member State shall treat any violation of an oath by a witness or expert in the same manner as if the
offence had been committed before one of its courts with jurisdiction in civil proceedings. At the
instance of the Court, the Member State concerned shall prosecute the offender before its competent
court.

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The hearing in court shall be public, unless the Court, of its own motion or on application by the
parties, decides otherwise for serious reasons.

Article 31

During the hearings the Court may examine the experts, the witnesses and the parties themselves. The
latter, however, may address the Court only through their representatives.

Article 32

Minutes shall be made of each hearing and signed by the President and the Registrar.

Article 33

The case list shall be established by the President.

Article 34

The deliberations of the Court shall be and shall remain secret.

Article 35

Judgments shall state the reasons on which they are based. They shall contain the names of the Judges
who took part in the deliberations.

Article 36

Judgments shall be signed by the President and the Registrar. They shall be read in open court.

Article 37

The Court shall adjudicate upon costs.

Article 38

Article 39

The President of the Court may, by way of summary procedure, which may, in so far as necessary, differ
from some of the rules contained in this Statute and which shall be laid down in the Rules of Procedure,
adjudicate upon applications to suspend execution, as provided for in Article 242 of the EC Treaty and
Article 157 of the EAEC Treaty, or to prescribe interim measures in pursuance of Article 243 of the EC
Treaty or Article 158 of the EAEC Treaty, or to suspend enforcement in accordance with the fourth
paragraph of Article 256 of the EC Treaty or the third paragraph of Article 164 of the EAEC Treaty.

Should the President be prevented from attending, his place shall be taken by another Judge under
conditions laid down in the Rules of Procedure.

The ruling of the President or of the Judge replacing him shall be provisional and shall in no way
prejudice the decision of the Court on the substance of the case.

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Member States and institutions of the Communities may intervene in cases before the Court.

Article 40

The same right shall be open to any other person establishing an interest in the result of any case
submitted to the Court, save in cases between Member States, between institutions of the Communities
or between Member States and institutions of the Communities.

Without prejudice to the second paragraph, the States, other than the Member States, which are parties
to the Agreement on the European Economic Area, and also the EFTA Surveillance Authority referred to
in that Agreement, may intervene in cases before the Court where one of the fields of application that
Agreement is concerned.

An application to intervene shall be limited to supporting the form of order sought by one of the
parties.

Article 41

Where the defending party, after having been duly summoned, fails to file written submissions in
defence,
judgment shall be given against that party by default. An objection may be lodged against
the judgment within one month of it being notified. The objection shall not have the effect of staying
enforcement of the judgment by default unless the Court decides otherwise.

Member States, institutions of the Communities and any other natural or legal persons may, in cases and
under conditions to be determined by the Rules of Procedure, institute third-party proceedings to contest
a judgment rendered without their being heard, where the judgment is prejudicial to their rights.

Article 42

If the meaning or scope of a judgment is in doubt, the Court shall construe it on application by any
party or any institution of the Communities establishing an interest therein.

Article 43

An application for revision of a judgment may be made to the Court only on discovery of a fact which
is of such a nature as to be a decisive factor, and which, when the judgment was given, was unknown to
the Court and to the party claiming the revision.

Article 44

The revision shall be opened by a judgment of the Court expressly recording the existence of a new fact,
recognising that it is of such a character as to lay the case open to revision and declaring the application
admissible on this ground.

No application for revision may be made after the lapse of 10 years from the date of the judgment.

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Periods of grace based on considerations of distance shall be determined by the Rules of Procedure.

Article 45

No right shall be prejudiced in consequence of the expiry of a time-limit if the party concerned proves
the existence of unforeseeable circumstances or of force majeure.

Article 46

Proceedings against the Communities in matters arising from non-contractual liability shall be barred
after a period of five years from the occurrence of the event giving rise thereto. The period of limitation
shall be interrupted if proceedings are instituted before the Court or if prior to such proceedings an
application is made by the aggrieved party to the relevant institution of the Communities. In the latter
event the proceedings must be instituted within the period of two months provided for in Article 230 of
the EC Treaty and Article 146 of the EAEC Treaty; the provisions of the second paragraph of Article
232 of the EC Treaty and the second paragraph of Article 148 of the EAEC Treaty, respectively, shall
apply where appropriate.

THE COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

TITLE IV

Article 47

Articles 2 to 8, Articles 14 and 15, the first, second, fourth and fifth paragraphs of Article 17 and Article
18 shall apply to the Court of First Instance and its members. The oath referred to in Article 2 shall be
taken before the Court of Justice and the decisions referred to in Articles 3, 4 and 6 shall be adopted by
that Court after hearing the Court of First Instance.

The fourth paragraph of Article 3 and Articles 10, 11 and 14 shall apply to the Registrar of the Court of
First Instance mutatis mutandis.

The Court of First Instance shall consist of 15 Judges.

Article 48

Article 49

The members of the Court of First Instance may be called upon to perform the task of an Advocate-
General.

It shall be the duty of the Advocate-General, acting with complete impartiality and independence, to
make, in open court, reasoned submissions on certain cases brought before the Court of First Instance in
order to assist the Court of First Instance in the performance of its task.

The criteria for selecting such cases, as well as the procedures for designating the Advocates-General,
shall be laid down in the Rules of Procedure of the Court of First Instance.

A member called upon to perform the task of Advocate-General in a case may not take part in the
judgment of the case.

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Article 50

The Court of First Instance shall sit in chambers of three or five Judges. The Judges shall elect the
Presidents of the chambers from among their number. The Presidents of the chambers of five Judges
shall be elected for three years. They may be re-elected once.

The composition of the chambers and the assignment of cases to them shall be governed by the Rules of
Procedure. In certain cases governed by the Rules of Procedure, the Court of First Instance may sit as a
full court or be constituted by a single Judge.

The Rules of Procedure may also provide that the Court of First Instance may sit in a Grand Chamber in
cases and under the conditions specified therein.

Article 51
By way of exception to the rule laid down in Article 225(1) of the EC Treaty and Article 140a(1) of the
EAEC Treaty, the Court of Justice shall have jurisdiction in actions brought by the Member States, by the
institutions of the Communities and by the European Central Bank.

Article 52
The President of the Court of Justice and the President of the Court of First Instance shall determine, by
common accord, the conditions under which officials and other servants attached to the Court of Justice
shall render their services to the Court of First Instance to enable it to function. Certain officials or other
servants shall be responsible to the Registrar of the Court of First Instance under the authority of the
President of the Court of First Instance.

The procedure before the Court of First Instance shall be governed by Title III.

Article 53

Such further and more detailed provisions as may be necessary shall be laid down in its Rules of
Procedure. The Rules of Procedure may derogate from the fourth paragraph of Article 40 and from
litigation in the field of intellectual
Article 41 in order to take account of the specific features of
property.

Notwithstanding the fourth paragraph of Article 20, the Advocate-General may make his reasoned
submissions in writing.

Article 54
Where an application or other procedural document addressed to the Court of First Instance is lodged
it shall be transmitted immediately by that
by mistake with the Registrar of the Court of Justice,
Registrar to the Registrar of the Court of First Instance;
likewise, where an application or other
procedural document addressed to the Court of Justice is lodged by mistake with the Registrar of the
Court of First Instance, it shall be transmitted immediately by that Registrar to the Registrar of the Court
of Justice.

Where the Court of First Instance finds that it does not have jurisdiction to hear and determine an
action in respect of which the Court of Justice has jurisdiction, it shall refer that action to the Court of
Justice; likewise, where the Court of Justice finds that an action falls within the jurisdiction of the Court
of First Instance, it shall refer that action to the Court of First Instance, whereupon that Court may not
decline jurisdiction.

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Where the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance are seised of cases in which the same relief is
sought, the same issue of interpretation is raised or the validity of the same act is called in question, the
Court of First Instance may, after hearing the parties, stay the proceedings before it until such time as
the Court of Justice shall have delivered judgment. Where applications are made for the same act to be
declared void, the Court of First Instance may also decline jurisdiction in order that the Court of Justice
may rule on such applications. In the cases referred to in this paragraph, the Court of Justice may also
decide to stay the proceedings before it; in that event, the proceedings before the Court of First Instance
shall continue.

Article 55
Final decisions of the Court of First Instance, decisions disposing of the substantive issues in part only or
disposing of a procedural issue concerning a plea of lack of competence or inadmissibility, shall be
notified by the Registrar of the Court of First Instance to all parties as well as all Member States and the
institutions of the Communities even if they did not intervene in the case before the Court of First
Instance.

Article 56
An appeal may be brought before the Court of Justice, within two months of the notification of the
decision appealed against, against final decisions of the Court of First Instance and decisions of that
Court disposing of the substantive issues in part only or disposing of a procedural issue concerning a
plea of lack of competence or inadmissibility.

Such an appeal may be brought by any party which has been unsuccessful, in whole or in part, in its
the
submissions. However,
Communities may bring such an appeal only where the decision of
Instance
directly affects them.

than the Member States and the institutions of

the Court of First

interveners other

With the exception of cases relating to disputes between the Communities and their servants, an appeal
may also be brought by Member States and institutions of the Communities which did not intervene in
the proceedings before the Court of First Instance. Such Member States and institutions shall be in the
same position as Member States or institutions which intervened at first instance.

Any person whose application to intervene has been dismissed by the Court of First Instance may appeal
to the Court of Justice within two weeks from the notification of the decision dismissing the application.

Article 57

The parties to the proceedings may appeal to the Court of Justice against any decision of the Court of
First Instance made pursuant to Article 242 or Article 243 or the fourth paragraph of Article 256 of the
EC Treaty or Article 157 or Article 158 or the third paragraph of Article 164 of the EAEC Treaty within
two months from their notification.

The appeal referred to in the first two paragraphs of this Article shall be heard and determined under
the procedure referred to in Article 39.

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Article 58

An appeal to the Court of Justice shall be limited to points of law. It shall lie on the grounds of lack of
competence of the Court of First Instance, a breach of procedure before it which adversely affects the
interests of the appellant as well as the infringement of Community law by the Court of First Instance.

No appeal shall lie regarding only the amount of the costs or the party ordered to pay them.

Article 59

Where an appeal is brought against a decision of the Court of First Instance, the procedure before the
Court of Justice shall consist of a written part and an oral part. In accordance with conditions laid down
in the Rules of Procedure, the Court of Justice, having heard the Advocate-General and the parties, may
dispense with the oral procedure.

Article 60

Without prejudice to Articles 242 and 243 of the EC Treaty or Articles 157 and 158 of the EAEC Treaty,
an appeal shall not have suspensory effect.

By way of derogation from Article 244 of the EC Treaty and Article 159 of the EAEC Treaty, decisions
of the Court of First Instance declaring a regulation to be void shall take effect only as from the date of
expiry of the period referred to in the first paragraph of Article 56 of this Statute or, if an appeal shall
have been brought within that period, as from the date of dismissal of the appeal, without prejudice,
however, to the right of a party to apply to the Court of Justice, pursuant to Articles 242 and 243 of the
EC Treaty or Articles 157 and 158 of the EAEC Treaty, for the suspension of the effects of the regulation
which has been declared void or for the prescription of any other interim measure.

Article 61

If the appeal is well founded, the Court of Justice shall quash the decision of the Court of First Instance.
It may itself give final judgment in the matter, where the state of the proceedings so permits, or refer the
case back to the Court of First Instance for judgment.

Where a case is referred back to the Court of First Instance, that Court shall be bound by the decision of
the Court of Justice on points of law.

When an appeal brought by a Member State or an institution of the Communities, which did not
intervene in the proceedings before the Court of First Instance, is well founded, the Court of Justice may,
if it considers this necessary, state which of the effects of the decision of the Court of First Instance
which has been quashed shall be considered as definitive in respect of the parties to the litigation.

Article 62

In the cases provided for in Article 225(2) and (3) of the EC Treaty and Article 140a(2) and (3) of the
EAEC Treaty, where the First Advocate-General considers that there is a serious risk of the unity or
consistency of Community law being affected, he may propose that the Court of Justice review the
decision of the Court of First Instance.

The proposal must be made within one month of delivery of the decision by the Court of First Instance.
Within one month of receiving the proposal made by the First Advocate-General, the Court of Justice
shall decide whether or not the decision should be reviewed.

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TITLE V

FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 63

The Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice and of the Court of First Instance shall contain any
provisions necessary for applying and, where required, supplementing this Statute.

Article 64

Until the rules governing the language arrangements applicable at the Court of Justice and the Court of
First Instance have been adopted in this Statute, the provisions of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of
Justice and of the Rules of Procedure of the Court of First Instance governing language arrangements
shall continue to apply. Those provisions may only be amended or repealed in accordance with the
procedure laid down for amending this Statute.

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C. PROTOCOLS ANNEXED TO THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN

COMMUNITY

Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and
on the research fund for coal and steel

THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES,

DESIRING to settle certain questions relating to the expiry of the Treaty establishing the European Coal
and Steel Community (ECSC);

WISHING to confer ownership of the ECSC funds on the European Community;

TAKING ACCOUNT of the desire to use these funds for research in sectors related to the coal and steel
industry and therefore the necessity to provide for certain special rules in this regard;

HAVE AGREED UPON the following provisions, which shall be annexed to the Treaty establishing
the European Community:

All assets and liabilities of the ECSC, as they exist on 23 July 2002, shall be transferred to the

1.
European Community on 24 July 2002.

Article 1

The net worth of these assets and liabilities, as they appear in the balance sheet of the ECSC of 23
2.
July 2002, subject to any increase or decrease which may occur as a result of the liquidation operations,
shall be considered as assets intended for research in the sectors related to the coal and steel industry,
referred to as the (cid:145)ECSC in liquidation(cid:146). On completion of the liquidation they shall be referred to as the
(cid:145)Assets of the Research Fund for Coal and Steel(cid:146).

The revenue from these assets, referred to as the (cid:145)Research Fund for Coal and Steel(cid:146), shall be used
3.
exclusively for research, outside the research framework programme, in the sectors related to the coal
and steel industry in accordance with the provisions of this Protocol and of acts adopted on the basis
hereof.

Article 2

The Council, acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European
Parliament, shall adopt all the necessary provisions for the implementation of this Protocol, including
essential principles and proper decision-making procedures,
in particular for the adoption of multi-
annual financial guidelines for managing the assets of the Research Fund for Coal and Steel and technical
guidelines for the research programme of the Research Fund for Coal and Steel.

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Except as otherwise provided in this Protocol and in the acts adopted on the basis hereof, the provisions
of the Treaty establishing the European Community shall apply.

Article 3

This Protocol shall apply from 24 July 2002.

Article 4

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Protocol on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES

HAVE AGREED UPON the following provision, which shall be annexed to the Treaty establishing
the European Community:

From 1 May 2004, the Council shall act by a qualified majority, on a proposal from the Commission
and after consulting the European Parliament, in order to adopt the measures referred to in Article 66 of
the Treaty establishing the European Community.

Sole Article

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FINAL ACT

The CONFERENCE OF THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GOVERNMENTS OF THE MEMBER STATES
convened in Brussels on 14 February 2000 to adopt by common accord the amendments to be made to
the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing respectively the European Community, the
European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community and certain
related Acts has adopted the following texts:

I. Treaty of Nice amending the Treaty on European Union, the Treaties establishing the
European Communities and certain related Acts

II. Protocols

A. Protocol annexed to the Treaty on European Union and to the Treaties establishing the European

Communities:

(cid:151) Protocol on the enlargement of the European Union

B. Protocol annexed to the Treaty on European Union,

to the Treaty establishing the European

Community and to the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community:

(cid:151) Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice

C. Protocols annexed to the Treaty establishing the European Community:

(cid:151) Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC Treaty and on the Research

Fund for Coal and Steel

(cid:151) Protocol on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference adopted the following declarations annexed to this Final Act:

1. Declaration on the European security and defence policy

2. Declaration on Article 31(2) of the Treaty on European Union

3. Declaration on Article 10 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

4. Declaration on the third paragraph of Article 21 of

the Treaty establishing the European

Community

5. Declaration on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

6. Declaration on Article 100 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

7. Declaration on Article 111 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

8. Declaration on Article 137 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

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9. Declaration on Article 175 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

10. Declaration on Article 181a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

11. Declaration on Article 191 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

12. Declaration on Article 225 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

13. Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

14. Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

15. Declaration on Article 225(3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

16. Declaration on Article 225a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

17. Declaration on Article 229a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

18. Declaration on the Court of Auditors

19. Declaration on Article 10.6 of the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the

European Central Bank

20. Declaration on the enlargement of the European Union

21. Declaration on the qualified majority threshold and the number of votes for a blocking minority in

an enlarged Union

22. Declaration on the venue for European Councils

23. Declaration on the future of the Union

24. Declaration on Article 2 of the Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC

Treaty and on the Research Fund for Coal and Steel

The Conference took note of the following declarations annexed to this Final Act:

1. Declaration by Luxembourg

2. Declaration by Greece, Spain and Portugal on Article 161 of the Treaty establishing the European

Community

3. Declaration by Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria on Article 161 of

the Treaty

establishing the European Community

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Hecho en Niza, el veintisØis de febrero de dos mil uno.

Udf(cid:230)rdiget i Nice, den seksogtyvende februar to tusind og et.

Geschehen zu Nizza am sechsundzwanzigsten Februar zweitausendeins.

‚ªØ(cid:237)(cid:229) (cid:243)(cid:244)(cid:231) ˝(cid:223)ŒÆØÆ, (cid:243)(cid:244)Ø(cid:242) (cid:229)(cid:223)Œ(cid:239)(cid:243)Ø (cid:221)(cid:238)Ø (cid:214)(cid:229)(cid:226)æ(cid:239)ıÆæ(cid:223)(cid:239)ı (cid:244)(cid:239)ı (cid:221)(cid:244)(cid:239)ı(cid:242) (cid:228)(cid:253)(cid:239) (cid:247)ØºØ(cid:220)(cid:228)(cid:229)(cid:242) (cid:221)(cid:237)Æ.

Done at Nice this twenty-sixth day of February in the year two thousand and one.

Fait (cid:224) Nice, le vingt-six fØvrier de l’an deux mil un.

Arna dhØanamh in Nice ar an sØœ lÆ is fiche d’Fheabhra sa bhliain dhÆ mh(cid:237)le is a haon.

Fatto a Nizza, add(cid:236) ventisei febbraio duemilauno.

Gedaan te Nice, de zesentwintigste februari tweeduizend en een.

Feito em Nice, em vinte e seis de Fevereiro de dois mil e um.

Tehty Nizzassa kahdentenakymmenenten(cid:228)kuudentena helmikuuta 2001.

Utf(cid:228)rdat i Nice den tjugosj(cid:228)tte februari (cid:229)r tjugohundraett.

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Pour Sa MajestØ le Roi des Belges
Voor Zijne Majesteit de Koning der Belgen
F(cid:252)r Seine Majest(cid:228)t den K(cid:246)nig der Belgier

Cette signature engage Øgalement la CommunautØ fran(cid:231)aise,
germanophone, la RØgion wallonne, la RØgion flamande et la RØgion de Bruxelles-Capitale.

la CommunautØ flamande,

la CommunautØ

Deze handtekening verbindt eveneens de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, de Franse Gemeenschap, de Duitstalige
Gemeenschap, het Vlaamse Gewest, het Waalse Gewest en het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest.

Diese Unterschrift bindet zugleich die Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft, die Fl(cid:228)mische Gemeinschaft, die
Franz(cid:246)sische Gemeinschaft, die Wallonische Region, die Fl(cid:228)mische Region und die Region Br(cid:252)ssel-Hauptstadt.

For Hendes Majest(cid:230)t Danmarks Dronning

F(cid:252)r den Pr(cid:228)sidenten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

ˆØÆ (cid:244)(cid:239)(cid:237) —æ(cid:252)(cid:229)(cid:228)æ(cid:239) (cid:244)(cid:231)(cid:242) ¯ºº(cid:231)(cid:237)ØŒ(cid:222)(cid:242) ˜(cid:231)(cid:236)(cid:239)ŒæÆ(cid:244)(cid:223)Æ(cid:242)

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Por Su Majestad el Rey de Espaæa

Pour le PrØsident de la RØpublique fran(cid:231)aise

Thar ceann UachtarÆn na h(cid:201)ireann
For the President of Ireland

Per il Presidente della Repubblica italiana

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Pour Son Altesse Royale le Grand-Duc de Luxembourg

Voor Hare Majesteit de Koningin der Nederlanden

F(cid:252)r den Bundespr(cid:228)sidenten der Republik (cid:214)sterreich

Pelo Presidente da Repœblica Portuguesa

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Suomen Tasavallan Presidentin puolesta
F(cid:246)r Republiken Finlands President

F(cid:246)r Hans Majest(cid:228)t Konungen av Sverige

For Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

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DECLARATIONS ADOPTED BY THE CONFERENCE

1. Declaration on the European security and defence policy

In accordance with the texts approved by the European Council
in Nice concerning the European
security and defence policy (Presidency report and Annexes), the objective for the European Union is
for that policy to become operational quickly. A decision to that end will be taken by the European
Council as soon as possible in 2001 and no later than at its meeting in Laeken/Brussels, on the basis of
the existing provisions of the Treaty on European Union. Consequently, the entry into force of the
Treaty of Nice does not constitute a precondition.

2. Declaration on Article 31(2) of the Treaty on European Union

The Conference recalls that:

(cid:151) the decision to set up a unit composed of national prosecutors, magistrates or police officers of
equivalent competence, detached from each Member State (Eurojust), having the task of facilitating
proper coordination between national prosecuting authorities and of supporting criminal investi-
gations in organised crime cases, was provided for in the Presidency conclusions of the European
Council at Tampere on 15 and 16 October 1999;

(cid:151) the European Judicial Network was set up by Joint Action 98/428/JHA adopted by the Council on

29 June 1998 (OJ L 191, 7.7.1998, p. 4).

3. Declaration on Article 10 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference recalls that the duty of sincere cooperation which derives from Article 10 of the Treaty
establishing the European Community and governs relations between the Member States and the
Community institutions also governs relations between the Community institutions themselves.
In
relations between those institutions, when it proves necessary, in the context of that duty of sincere
cooperation, to facilitate the application of the provisions of the Treaty establishing the European
Community, the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission may conclude interinstitutional
agreements. Such agreements may not amend or supplement the provisions of the Treaty and may be
concluded only with the agreement of these three institutions.

4. Declaration on the third paragraph of Article 21 of the Treaty establishing the European

Community

The Conference calls upon the institutions and bodies referred to in the third paragraph of Article 21 or
in Article 7 to ensure that the reply to any written request by a citizen of the Union is made within a
reasonable period.

5. Declaration on Article 67 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The High Contracting Parties agree that the Council, in the decision it is required to take pursuant to the
second indent of Article 67(2):

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(cid:151) will decide, from 1 May 2004, to act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 in

order to adopt the measures referred to in Article 62(3) and Article 63(3)(b);

(cid:151) will decide to act in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 in order to adopt the
measures referred to in Article 62(2)(a) from the date on which agreement is reached on the scope
of the measures concerning the crossing by persons of the external borders of the Member States.

The Council will, moreover, endeavour to make the procedure referred to in Article 251 applicable from
1 May 2004 or as soon as possible thereafter to the other areas covered by Title IV or to parts of them.

6. Declaration on Article 100 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference recalls that decisions regarding financial assistance, such as are provided for in Article
100 and are compatible with the (cid:145)no bail-out(cid:146) rule laid down in Article 103, must comply with the
2000-2006 financial perspective, and in particular paragraph 11 of the Interinstitutional Agreement of 6
May 1999 between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline
and improvement of the budgetary procedure, and with the corresponding provisions of future inter-
institutional agreements and financial perspectives.

7. Declaration on Article 111 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference agrees that procedures shall be such as to enable all the Member States in the euro area
to be fully involved in each stage of preparing the position of the Community at international level as
regards issues of particular relevance to economic and monetary union.

8. Declaration on Article 137 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference agrees that any expenditure incurred by virtue of Article 137 is to be charged to heading
3 of the financial perspective.

9. Declaration on Article 175 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The High Contracting Parties are determined to see the European Union play a leading role in
promoting environmental protection in the Union and in international efforts pursuing the same
objective at global level. Full use should be made of all possibilities offered by the Treaty with a view
to pursuing this objective, including the use of incentives and instruments which are market-oriented
and intended to promote sustainable development.

10. Declaration on Article 181a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference confirms that, without prejudice to other provisions of the Treaty establishing the
European Community, balance-of-payments aid to third countries falls outside the scope of Article 181a.

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11. Declaration on Article 191 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference recalls that the provisions of Article 191 do not imply any transfer of powers to the
European Community and do not affect the application of the relevant national constitutional rules.

the European
The funding for political parties at European level provided out of
Communities may not be used to fund, either directly or indirectly, political parties at national level.

the budget of

The provisions on the funding for political parties shall apply, on the same basis, to all the political
forces represented in the European Parliament.

12. Declaration on Article 225 of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference calls on the Court of Justice and the Commission to give overall consideration as soon
as possible to the division of jurisdiction between the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance, in
particular in the area of direct actions, and to submit suitable proposals for examination by the
competent bodies as soon as the Treaty of Nice enters into force.

13. Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference considers that the essential provisions of the review procedure in Article 225(2) and (3)
should be defined in the Statute of the Court of Justice. Those provisions should in particular specify:

(cid:151) the role of the parties in proceedings before the Court of Justice, in order to safeguard their rights;

(cid:151) the effect of the review procedure on the enforceability of the decision of the Court of First Instance;

(cid:151) the effect of the Court of Justice decision on the dispute between the parties.

14. Declaration on Article 225(2) and (3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference considers that when the Council adopts the provisions of
the Statute which are
necessary to implement Article 225(2) and (3), it should put a procedure in place to ensure that the
practical operation of those provisions is evaluated no later than three years after the entry into force of
the Treaty of Nice.

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15. Declaration on Article 225(3) of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference considers that, in exceptional cases in which the Court of Justice decides to review a
decision of the Court of First Instance on a question referred for a preliminary ruling, it should act under
an emergency procedure.

16. Declaration on Article 225a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference asks the Court of Justice and the Commission to prepare as swiftly as possible a draft
decision establishing a judicial panel which has jurisdiction to deliver judgments at first instance on
disputes between the Community and its servants.

17. Declaration on Article 229a of the Treaty establishing the European Community

The Conference considers that Article 229a does not prejudge the choice of the judicial framework
which may be set up to deal with disputes relating to the application of acts adopted on the basis of the
Treaty establishing the European Community which create Community industrial property rights.

18. Declaration on the Court of Auditors

institutions to improve the
The Conference invites the Court of Auditors and the national audit
framework and conditions for cooperation between them, while maintaining the autonomy of each.
To that end, the President of the Court of Auditors may set up a contact committee with the chairmen
of the national audit institutions.

19. Declaration on Article 10.6 of the Statute of the European System of Central Banks and of the

European Central Bank

The Conference expects that a recommendation within the meaning of Article 10.6 of the Statute of the
European System of Central Banks and of the European Central Bank will be presented as soon as
possible.

20. Declaration on the enlargement of the European Union (1)

The common position to be adopted by the Member States at the accession conferences, as regards the
distribution of seats at the European Parliament, the weighting of votes in the Council, the composition
of the Economic and Social Committee and the composition of the Committee of the Regions will
correspond to the following tables for a Union of 27 Member States.

___________
(1) The tables in this declaration take account only of those candidate countries with which accession negotiations have

actually started.

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1. THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT

Member States

EP seats

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Italy

Spain

Poland

Romania

Netherlands

Greece

Czech Republic

Belgium

Hungary

Portugal

Sweden

Bulgaria

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Lithuania

Latvia

Slovenia

Estonia

Cyprus

Luxembourg

Malta

99

72

72

72

50

50

33

25

22

20

22

20

22

18

17

17

13

13

13

12

12

8

7

6

6

6

5

Total

732

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2. THE WEIGHTING OF VOTES IN THE COUNCIL

Members of the Council

Weighted votes

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Italy

Spain

Poland

Romania

Netherlands

Greece

Czech Republic

Belgium

Hungary

Portugal

Sweden

Bulgaria

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Lithuania

Latvia

Slovenia

Estonia

Cyprus

Luxembourg

Malta

29

29

29

29

27

27

14

13

12

12

12

12

12

10

10

10

7

7

7

7

7

4

4

4

4

4

3

Total

345

Acts of the Council shall require for their adoption at least 258 votes in favour, cast by a majority of
members, where this Treaty requires them to be adopted on a proposal from the Commission.

In other cases, for their adoption acts of the Council shall require at least 258 votes in favour cast by at
least two-thirds of the members.

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When a decision is to be adopted by the Council by a qualified majority, a member of the Council may
request verification that the Member States constituting the qualified majority represent at least 62 % of
the total population of the Union. If that condition is shown not to have been met, the decision in
question shall not be adopted.

3. THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE

Member States

Members

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Italy

Spain

Poland

Romania

Netherlands

Greece

Czech Republic

Belgium

Hungary

Portugal

Sweden

Bulgaria

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Lithuania

Latvia

Slovenia

Estonia

Cyprus

Luxembourg

Malta

24

24

24

24

21

21

15

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

9

9

9

9

9

7

7

7

6

6

5

Total

344

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4. THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS

Member States

Members

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Italy

Spain

Poland

Romania

Netherlands

Greece

Czech Republic

Belgium

Hungary

Portugal

Sweden

Bulgaria

Austria

Slovakia

Denmark

Finland

Ireland

Lithuania

Latvia

Slovenia

Estonia

Cyprus

Luxembourg

Malta

24

24

24

24

21

21

15

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

12

9

9

9

9

9

7

7

7

6

6

5

Total

344

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21. Declaration on the qualified majority threshold and the number of votes for a blocking minority

in an enlarged Union

Insofar as all the candidate countries listed in the Declaration on the enlargement of the European Union
have not yet acceded to the Union when the new vote weightings take effect (1 January 2005), the
threshold for a qualified majority will move, according to the pace of accessions, from a percentage
below the current one to a maximum of 73,4 %. When all the candidate countries mentioned above
have acceded, the blocking minority, in a Union of 27, will be raised to 91 votes, and the qualified
majority threshold resulting from the table given in the Declaration on enlargement of the European
Union will be automatically adjusted accordingly.

22. Declaration on the venue for European Councils

As from 2002, one European Council meeting per Presidency will be held in Brussels. When the Union
comprises 18 members, all European Council meetings will be held in Brussels.

23. Declaration on the future of the Union

1. Important reforms have been decided in Nice. The Conference welcomes the successful conclusion of
the Conference of Representatives of the Governments of the Member States and commits the
Member States to pursue the early ratification of the Treaty of Nice.

2. It agrees that the conclusion of the Conference of Representatives of the Governments of the Member
States opens the way for enlargement of the European Union and underlines that, with ratification of
the Treaty of Nice, the European Union will have completed the institutional changes necessary for
the accession of new Member States.

3. Having thus opened the way to enlargement, the Conference calls for a deeper and wider debate
about the future of the European Union. In 2001, the Swedish and Belgian Presidencies, in coop-
eration with the Commission and involving the European Parliament, will encourage wide-ranging
discussions with all interested parties: representatives of national parliaments and all those reflecting
public opinion, namely political, economic and university circles, representatives of civil society, etc.
The candidate States will be associated with this process in ways to be defined.

4. Following a report to be drawn up for the European Council in G(cid:246)teborg in June 2001, the European
Council, at its meeting in Laeken/Brussels in December 2001, will agree on a declaration containing
appropriate initiatives for the continuation of this process.

5. The process should address, inter alia, the following questions:

(cid:151) how to establish and monitor a more precise delimitation of powers between the European Union

and the Member States, reflecting the principle of subsidiarity;

(cid:151) the status of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, proclaimed in Nice, in

accordance with the conclusions of the European Council in Cologne;

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(cid:151) a simplification of the Treaties with a view to making them clearer and better understood without

changing their meaning;

(cid:151) the role of national parliaments in the European architecture.

6. Addressing the abovementioned issues, the Conference recognises the need to improve and to
monitor the democratic legitimacy and transparency of the Union and its institutions, in order to
bring them closer to the citizens of the Member States.

7. After these preparatory steps, the Conference agrees that a new Conference of the Representatives of
the Governments of the Member States will be convened in 2004, to address the abovementioned
items with a view to making corresponding changes to the Treaties.

8. The Conference of Member States shall not constitute any form of obstacle or pre-condition to the
enlargement process. Moreover, those candidate States which have concluded accession negotiations
with the Union will be invited to participate in the Conference. Those candidate States which have
not concluded their accession negotiations will be invited as observers.

24. Declaration on Article 2 of the Protocol on the financial consequences of the expiry of the ECSC

Treaty and on the research fund for coal and steel

The Conference invites the Council to ensure, under Article 2 of the Protocol, the prolongation of the
ECSC statistics system after the expiry of the ECSC Treaty until 31 December 2002 and to invite the
Commission to make the appropriate recommendations.

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DECLARATIONS OF WHICH THE CONFERENCE TOOK NOTE

1. Declaration by Luxembourg

Without prejudice to the Decision of 8 April 1965 and the provisions and possibilities contained therein
regarding the seats of institutions, bodies and departments to be set up, the Luxembourg Government
undertakes not to claim the seat of the Boards of Appeal of the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal
Market (trade marks and designs), which will remain in Alicante, even if those Boards were to become
judicial panels within the meaning of Article 220 of the Treaty establishing the European Community.

2. Declaration by Greece, Spain and Portugal on Article 161 of the Treaty establishing the European

Community

Greece, Spain and Portugal have agreed to the move to a qualified majority in Article 161 of the Treaty
establishing the European Community on the basis that the word (cid:145)multiannual(cid:146) in the third paragraph
means that
the financial perspective applicable from 1 January 2007 and the Interinstitutional
Agreement relating thereto will have the same duration as the current financial perspective.

3. Declaration by Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria on Article 161 of the Treaty

establishing the European Community

With regard to the Declaration by Greece, Spain and Portugal on Article 161 of the Treaty establishing
the European Community, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria declare that that Declaration
is without prejudice to actions of the European Commission, in particular with respect to its right of
initiative.