Proposal for a Council Regulation imposing a definitive countervailing duty and definitively collecting the provisional countervailing duty imposed on imports of stainless steel fasteners originating in Malaysia and the Philippines and terminating the proceeding concerning imports of stainless steel fasteners originating in Singapore and Thailand
Date: 2000-06-28
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: anti-dumping duty, bolt and screw industry, countervailing charge, export subsidy, import

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES

Brussels, 28.06.2000
COM(2000) 403 final

Proposal for a

COUNCIL REGULATION

imposing a definitive countervailing duty and definitively collecting the provisional
countervailing duty imposed on imports of stainless steel fasteners originating in
Malaysia and the Philippines and terminating the proceeding concerning imports of
stainless steel fasteners originating in Singapore and Thailand

(presented by the Commission)

1.

2.

3.

4.

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM

On 26 June 1999, the Commission opened an anti-subsidy proceeding concerning
imports of stainless steel
the Philippines,
Singapore and Thailand.

fasteners originating in Malaysia,

On 22 March 2000, the Commission, by Regulation (EC) No 618/2000, imposed a
provisional countervailing duty on imports of stainless steel fasteners originating in
Malaysia and the Philippines.

The attached proposal for a Council Regulation is based on the definitive findings on
subsidy, injury, causation and Community interest, which confirmed that definitive
countervailing measures are warranted in respect of Malaysia and the Philippines and
that the proceeding should be terminated in respect of Singapore and Thailand.

is,

therefore, proposed that

the attached proposal for a
the Council adopt
It
Regulation, which should be published in the Official Journal of the European
Communities not later than 25 July 2000.

2

Proposal for a

COUNCIL REGULATION

imposing a definitive countervailing duty and definitively collecting the provisional
countervailing duty imposed on imports of stainless steel fasteners originating in
Malaysia and the Philippines and terminating the proceeding concerning imports of
stainless steel fasteners originating in Singapore and Thailand

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,

Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 2026/97 of 6 October 1997 on protection
against subsidised imports from countries not members of the European Community1, and in
particular Articles 14 and 15 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal submitted by the Commission, after consulting the Advisory
Committee,

Whereas:

A. PROVISIONAL MEASURES

By Regulation (EC) No 618/20002 (the “Provisional Regulation”), the Commission
imposed a provisional countervailing duty on imports into the Community of stainless
steel fasteners ("SSF") originating in Malaysia and the Philippines and falling within
CN codes 7318 12 10, 7318 14 10, 7318 15 30, 7318 15 51, 7318 15 61, 7318 15 70
and 7318 16 30.

B. SUBSEQUENT PROCEDURE

Subsequent to the disclosure of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of
which it was decided to impose provisional countervailing measures on imports of
SSF originating in Malaysia and the Philippines, several interested parties made
written submissions making their views known on the provisional findings. The parties
who so requested were granted an opportunity to be heard.

The Commission continued to seek and verify all information deemed necessary for
the definitive findings.

All parties were informed of the essential facts and considerations on the basis of
which it was intended to recommend:

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

1 OJ L 288, 21.10.1997, p. 1.
2 OJ L 75, 24.3.2000, p.18.

3

(i)

(ii)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

the imposition of a definitive countervailing duty on imports of SSF originating in
Malaysia and the Philippines and the definitive collection, at the level of this duty, of
the amounts secured by way of the provisional countervailing duty imposed on these
imports; and

the termination of the proceeding concerning imports of SSF originating in Singapore
and Thailand without the imposition of measures.

They were also granted a period within which to make representations subsequent to
this disclosure.

The oral and written comments submitted by the interested parties were considered
and, where appropriate, the definitive findings have been modified accordingly.

Having reviewed the provisional findings on the basis of the information gathered
since then, its is concluded that the main findings as set out in the Provisional
Regulation should be hereby confirmed.

C. PRODUCT UNDER CONSIDERATION AND LIKE PRODUCT

1. Product under consideration

The Provisional Regulation described the product under consideration as stainless steel
fasteners, i.e. bolts, nuts and screws of stainless steel which are used to mechanically
join two or more elements. The product under consideration falls within CN codes
7318 12 10, 7318 14 10, 7318 15 30, 7318 15 51, 7318 15 61, 7318 15 70 and 7318 16
30.

In the absence of any comment raised by interested parties to the definition of the
product under consideration provided in recitals 10 to 13 of
the Provisional
Regulation, this definition is hereby confirmed.

2. Like product

(10)

In the Provisional Regulation, the Commission found that SSF produced and sold on
the respective domestic markets of Malaysia and the Philippines, and those exported to
the Community from the countries concerned as well as those produced and sold by
the Community industry in the Community market have the same physical
characteristics and uses.

(11)

In the absence of any new information on the like product, the provisional findings as
described in recital 16 of the Provisional Regulation are hereby confirmed.

D. SUBSIDIES

I. MALAYSIA

1. Double deduction of business expenses for the promotion of exports

(12)

The Government of Malaysia (the "GOM") alleges that
this programme is not
contingent upon export performance, as the company is not required to export. The
GOM also states that expenses incurred in an international trade fair in Malaysia are
eligible for this benefit. However, it was found that this programme cannot reasonably

4

trade fair

confer any advantage to sales on the domestic market, and, more specifically, that an
is focused on export activity. Consequently, since the
international
programme is targeted at fostering export sales to be made in the future,
the
programme is in fact tied to anticipated exports. Therefore, this claim cannot be
accepted and it is concluded that this programme constitutes a de facto export subsidy
in the sense of Article 3(4)(a) of Council Regulation (EC) No 2026/97 (the "Basic
Regulation").

(13) One company claimed that in the calculation of the benefit to the exporting producer
under this scheme, the Commission had used the wrong amount of tax savings.
However, after verification, it is hereby confirmed that the subsidy amount for this
programme is 0.01%.

2. Pioneer status

(14)

(15)

The GOM claims that this programme does not constitute a countervailable subsidy
since the definition of a promoted product is based on objective criteria. It further
alleges that the list of promoted products covers a broad range and is available to all
companies producing promoted products.

It was found during the verification that the criteria to determine whether a product
qualifies as a promoted product are vague and not objective. A number of criteria used
by the GOM (i.e. suitability to meet the economic requirements or development of
Malaysia and the national or strategic requirements of Malaysia) can cover any basic
product. The verification revealed that there were no objective criteria applied in the
decision which products should be promoted and that only producers of certain
products benefited from the scheme. The fact that a broad range of products is covered
does not alter the situation that there are no objective criteria. Therefore, this claim
cannot be accepted and it is concluded that this programme constitutes a specific
subsidy in the sense of Article 3(2)(a) of the Basic Regulation.

(16) One company stated that its pioneer status expired in July 1999 and the company has
ceased to benefit from this programme. It was found that the company was still
claiming tax reductions under this programme during the investigation period (1 April
1998 to 31 March 1999, the "IP"). In addition, pursuant to Section 14A of the
Promotion of Investment Act, the benefit under this programme can be extended for
another 5-year period. Neither the GOM nor the company submitted evidence that the
benefit has effectively expired. Since the company effectively benefited from a
countervailable subsidy during the IP, and since there is no evidence that it has ceased
to benefit from the scheme, this claim cannot be accepted.

3. Sales tax and import duty exemptions

(17)

The GOM and one company claimed that the sales tax and import duty exemption
does not constitute a subsidy since the programme is also available to companies
located outside the export processing zones. During the verification, it was established
that an exemption from duties or taxes under the conditions for this programme is not
available outside the Free Zones, therefore this claim is rejected.

(18)

The GOM and one company also assert that the sales tax and import duty exemption
falls within the criteria of footnote 1 to the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and
Countervailing Measures (the "SCM Agreement") because it constitutes an exemption

5

of an exported product from duties or taxes borne by the like product when destined
for domestic consumption. The Commission is of the view that a distinction should be
made between the sales tax/import duty exemption for raw materials and machinery. It
is clear that footnote 1 to Article 1.1(a)(1)(ii) of the SCM Agreement does not apply to
exemptions from duties or taxes for machinery which cannot be considered as inputs
consumed in the production process as required by Annex II of the Basic Regulation
and the SCM Agreement. Since no specific arguments were raised pertaining to the
countervailability of the sales tax and import duty exemption for machinery, the
findings in recital (54) of the Provisional Regulation on this programme are hereby
confirmed.

(19) As regards the sales tax and import duty exemption for raw materials, it is considered
this programme does not fall within the criteria of footnote 1 to Article
that
1.1(a)(1)(ii) of the SCM Agreement. This provision provides that "the exemption of an
exported product from duties or taxes borne by the like product when destined for
domestic consumption, or the remission of such duties or taxes not in excess of those
which have accrued, shall not be deemed a subsidy". Footnote 1 applies to the
exemption of duties or taxes where no excess remission occurs. It was established that
the Malaysian authorities do not have a verification system in place to determine what
inputs are used in the production process and especially in what amounts. The
verification revealed that the company that is admitted to start production in a free
trade zone has to submit a simple listing of possible inputs to produce the finished
product. The Customs authorities do not verify what input/output ratio is applicable
for the specified imported inputs. Therefore, there is no framework in place to
establish whether an excess remission occurred and consequently, the conditions of
footnote 1 and Annex I through III are not met. It should also be noted that the GOM
did not carry out a further examination based on the actual inputs involved in the
context of determining whether an excess payment occurred in accordance with Annex
II(II)(5) of the Basic Regulation. Therefore, these programmes constitute subsidies
pursuant to Article 1.1 (a)(1)(ii) of the SCM Agreement and the exemption in footnote
1 to the above-mentioned provision does not apply. Since footnote 1 does not apply,
these schemes constitute export subsidies in the sense of Article 3.4(a) (and item (h)
and (I) of Annex I) of the Basic Regulation.

(20) As regards the calculation of the benefit, there is no system in place to verify the
consumption of inputs in the production of the exported product and the GOM did not
carry out a further examination based on actual inputs in order to establish the excess
remission of sales tax and import duties. In accordance with Annex II to the Basic
Regulation, the full amount of the import duties not paid constitutes the benefit to the
exporting producer.

(21)

(22)

The GOM further claimed that the raw material used in the production of the product
concerned (steel wire rod) is, even without the benefit of this programme, not subject
to sales taxes.

The Commission examined the evidence provided by the GOM and concluded that the
raw materials used in the production of SSF are listed in Schedule B of the Sales Tax
Order. This schedule is a listing of goods that are not subject to sales taxes. Therefore,
this claim is accepted and the countervailing duty rates for the sales tax exemption for
raw materials have been amended accordingly since no sales taxes would have been
payable without the benefit of this programme.

6

(23) However, as regards import duties on raw materials, it was established that these
to import duties. On the basis of the above arguments, the
imports are subject
provisional findings for the import duty exemption on raw materials are hereby
confirmed.

(24) One exporting producer asserts that the Commission did not substantiate with positive

evidence its determination of specificity for this programme.

(25)

In recitals 50, 65, 66 and 67 of the Provisional Regulation, the Commission listed the
reasons why these programmes constitute specific and,
therefore, countervailable
subsidies. These findings are not based on assertions but on positive evidence. This
claim has therefore been rejected.

4. Interest rate

(26)

The GOM and one exporting producer claim that the Commission should have used an
average interest rate of 11.42% instead of 11.5%.

(27) On the basis of the information provided during the verification, it was found that an
average interest rate of 11.5% during the IP was appropriate. The average commercial
interest rate was calculated on the basis of the average monthly lending rate of
commercial banks in Malaysia during the IP which results in an average of 11.4975%
(attachment C2 of the GOM questionnaire response). No additional evidence was
provided which may justify a downward adjustment of the interest rate. Therefore, this
claim cannot be accepted.

5. Amount of countervailable subsidy

(28) As regards the calculation of the amount of countervailable subsidies, an adjustment
was made concerning the amount of interest added to the subsidy amount calculated
provisionally. This adjustment is reflected in the following table showing the amount
of countervailable subsidy.

(29)

In view of the above, the following subsidy rates have been found at the definitive
stage. The countrywide weighted average subsidy margin is above the applicable de
minimis level.

Company

Double
Deductions

Pioneer
Status

Sales Tax
Exemptions

Import duty
exemptions

TOTAL

Tong Heer Fasteners Co. Sdn.
Bhd.

Tigges Stainless Steel Fasteners
(M) Sdn. Bhd.

0.01% 1.87%

0.40%

2.43%

4.71%

0.34% 0.00%

0.03%

1.94%

2.31%

II. PHILIPPINES

1. Introduction

(30) Comments to the disclosure document were submitted jointly by the Government of
the Philippines (the "GOP") and by the exporting producer Lu Chu Shin Yee Works
(Philippines) Co. Ltd. ("Lu Chu"). The comments relate to two subsidy schemes: the

7

(31)

(32)

(33)

(34)

Gross Income Tax scheme (Section 24 of the Special Economic Zones Act, SEZA)
and the Import duty exemption on machinery, raw materials, supplies and spare parts
(Sections 4(c) and 23 SEZA). Comments were focused on the exemption on imports of
spare parts and supplies.

2. Gross Income Tax (GIT)

The GOP and Lu Chu submitted that in certain circumstances, depending on the
respective levels of Gross Income and Net Income, the application of the GIT (i.e. 5%
of the Gross Income) may result in a greater amount of taxes to be paid compared to
the application of the ordinary income tax (34% of the Net Income). In particular, a
company could have a net loss but still pay the GIT because it has taxable Gross
Income.

It is firstly noted that the argument submitted by the GOP and Lu Chu does not affect
the Commission’s findings on specificity and countervailability of the GIT.
In this
respect, it is considered that the argument relates to a hypothetical situation that is
wholly different from the one actually examined in this case. Would the GIT
application in certain circumstances result
in the company paying more taxes as
compared with the ordinary income tax regime, the company could simply resign this
option. However, this was not the case for the exporting producer in question. As
calculated by the Commission within its provisional findings, the application of the
GIT to the exporting producer allowed it a certain tax saving in the IP vis-à-vis the
application of the ordinary income tax regime. Since the GOP and Lu Chu did not
contest this calculation, it is hereby confirmed that in this case the GIT involved a
financial contribution by the GOP and conferred a benefit to the recipient. Hence, the
claim of the GOP and Lu Chu should be rejected.

3. Import duty exemption on imports of spare parts and supplies

The GOP and Lu Chu consider that the Commission properly excluded imports of
non-subject carbon steel nuts from its subsidy calculation for the import duty
exemption on spare parts and supplies. However, they argued that the Commission did
not exclude all carbon steel nuts, but only some, and urged the Commission to make a
full exclusion of imports of carbon steel nuts. They argued that if, as acknowledged by
the Commission, the producer in question exported the totality of its finished products
and in addition it can be expected to continue doing so in the future, then it should be
recognised that all non-subject carbon steel nuts have been or will be re-exported in
the future.

This claim cannot be accepted, since it has not been supported by any verifiable
evidence either during the investigation or after disclosure of the provisional findings.
In particular, the Commission’s view – in the context of its provisional findings – that
all finished products were actually exported, refers only to the products manufactured
by the exporting producer in its facilities in the Philippines, i.e. essentially stainless
steel fasteners. Only data concerning these products has been submitted in complete
form and verified by the Commission. No data or other evidence has been submitted
by the GOP and/ or by the exporting producer showing that all imported carbon steel
nuts were or would be actually re-exported. The data in possession of the Commission
in this respect only allows the exclusion of imports of carbon steel nuts from the
subsidy calculations in the way and to the extent done by the Commission in its

8

provisional findings. Since no new evidence has been submitted in this regard, the
provisional findings are hereby confirmed.

(35)

The GOP and Lu Chu also claim that imports of oil and tools should be excluded from
the calculation of the subsidy amount since they are consumed in the production of
stainless steel fasteners. Again, this claim cannot be accepted, as the GOP and Lu Chu
failed to provide any evidence thereof. Data in possession of the Commission does not
allow consideration in isolation of the respective import values of oil, other
consumables, tools and spare parts. These imports are only reported in cumulative
amounts, and some of these tools, components and spare parts, based on the available
evidence, are not consumed in the course of their use to produce the exported
products. Therefore, lacking any further evidence, no assessment can be made as to
whether certain imports should be excluded from its calculation of the subsidy
amount. The provisional findings are thus hereby confirmed.

4. Amount of countervailable subsidies

(36) As regards the calculation of the amount of countervailable subsidies, an adjustment
was made concerning the amount of interest added to the subsidy amount calculated
provisionally. This adjustment is reflected in the following table showing the amount
of countervailable subsidy.

(37)

The following subsidy rates have been found at the definitive stage. The countrywide
weighted average level of subsidisation is above the applicable de minimis level.

Company

Gross
Income Tax

Import Duty
Exemption

TOTAL

Lu Chu Shin Yee Works Co. Ltd./ Philshin Works
Corporation

0.50%

3.09%

3.59%

III. SINGAPORE

(38)

(39)

In the Provisional Regulation it was concluded that none of the alleged subsidies had
In the absence of any new
been used by exporting producers in Singapore.
information, the findings in recitals 81 to 83 of the Provisional Regulation are hereby
confirmed. The proceeding should therefore be terminated as regards imports of SSF
originating in Singapore.

IV. THAILAND

In the Provisional Regulation it was concluded that the countrywide weighted average
subsidy margin for Thailand was below the de minimis level of subsidisation
applicable to this country. In the absence of any new information, the findings in
recitals 84 to 91 of the Provisional Regulation are hereby confirmed. The proceeding
should therefore be terminated as regards imports of SSF originating in Thailand.

E. COMMUNITY INDUSTRY

(40)

In the absence of any new information on the Community industry, the provisional
findings as described in recitals 129 to 132 of the Provisional Regulation are hereby
confirmed.

9

F. INJURY

1. Cumulation

(41) One exporting producer

in Malaysia argued that

the Commission should not
cumulatively assess imports originating in Malaysia with those originating in the
Philippines in view of the different behaviour of the former. It was claimed that the
volume of imports originating in Malaysia increased at a lower rate than those
originating in the Philippines and that the decrease of average import prices of SSF
originating in Malaysia had been due to the decrease of prices of raw materials.

(42) One exporting producer in the Philippines argued that the Commission should not
cumulatively assess imports originating in the Philippines with those originating in
Malaysia, as the price level of imports from the Philippines has consistently been as
high or higher than the price level of the Community industry.

(43)

In these respects, it was found that the amount of countervailable subsidies from each
of these countries was more than de minimis and the volume of imports from each of
these countries increased during the period considered, reaching levels that were not
negligible. Furthermore, the investigation did not show a different price pattern
between imports from Malaysia and the Philippines. The prices of the imports from
these two countries have substantially undercut the Community industry’s prices in the
IP and followed a similar downward trend during the period considered. Finally, the
SSF imported from both countries are marketed in the Community through the same
sales channels and under similar commercial conditions, thus competing with each
other and with the SSF sold by the Community industry.

(44)

In view of the above, the provisional findings in recitals 139 to 142 of the Provisional
Regulation regarding the appropriateness of the cumulative assessment of imports
from Malaysia and the Philippines are hereby confirmed.

2. Prices of the subsidised imports

(45)

In the absence of any new information on the prices of the subsidised imports, the
provisional findings as described in recitals 145 to 148 of the Provisional Regulation
are hereby confirmed.

3. Situation of the Community industry

(46)

(47)

Interested parties argued that the Community industry had not suffered material injury
in view of the positive development, during the period considered, of certain indicators
such as production, capacity, sales, market share,
investment, employment and
productivity.

In the Provisional Regulation the Commission concluded that, as a result of the
imposition of anti-dumping measures on imports originating in the People's Republic
of China, India, Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Taiwan and Thailand in 19973, the
situation of the Community industry had improved notably in terms of production and
sales. Indeed, the imposition of anti-dumping measures in 1997, as expected and
intended, allowed the Community industry to increase production and to recover lost

3 Commission Regulation (EC) No 1732/97, OJ L 243, 5.9.1997, p. 17.

10

market share by increasing its sales in the Community market. This had a positive
effect on employment and productivity.

(48) However, despite an increase in the sales of the Community industry, those sales were
made at decreasing prices which, in the IP, did not cover the costs of the Community
industry and resulted in losses. Indeed, it was found that the prices of the Community
industry decreased over the period considered by 17%, from EUR 3.65/kg in 1996 to
EUR 3.02/kg in the IP. Although the raw material also decreased over the period
considered, the decrease in SSF prices was well above the decrease in the cost of raw
material. This price depression had a severe impact on profitability which, despite an
improvement between 1996 and 1997, decreased in 1998 and turned into losses in the
IP (-0.8% of turnover). Therefore, the Community industry could not fully benefit
from the imposition of anti-dumping measures.

(49)

(50)

In view of the above, it is concluded that the Community industry has suffered injury
in the form of price depression and financial losses.

Secondly, one exporting producer argued that
the decrease in the prices of the
Community industry was due to a decrease in the costs of the raw material used to
produce SSF. This situation could therefore not be characterised as one of price
depression. In this respect it was alleged that the raw material represented a higher
percentage than the 56.7% of full cost in the IP quoted in the Provisional Regulation,
reaching 80/85% and even 90% of its total cost.

(51) According to the information provided by the co-operating raw material suppliers, the
price of the raw material concerned decreased by 20.9% over the period considered,
while the Community industry’s prices of the product concerned fell by 17% over the
same period. As the cost of raw materials during this period ranged, on a weighted
average basis, between around 57% and 68% of the Community industry’s full cost, it
has been found that the Community industry’s prices of SSF have decreased well
above the decline in the costs of raw material. In this respect it should be noted that the
allegation that the raw materials represent 80/ 85% of the costs appears to relate solely
to manufacturing costs and not to the full cost. In view of the above, it is concluded
that the Community industry suffered a depression of its prices.

(52)

(53)

Finally, one exporting producer in Malaysia argued that if production and employment
of the Community industry as mentioned in the disclosure document are compared, the
productivity per employee appears to be much lower than the figures in recital 161 of
the Provisional Regulation suggest.

It should be noted that the above productivity was calculated as production divided by
the number of employees involved in the production of the product concerned, which
amounted to 287 in 1996, 320 in 1997, 321 in 1998 and 315 in the IP. This number is
lower than the number of employees mentioned in recital 160 of the Provisional
Regulation or in the disclosure document, which refer to the total employees of the
company.

4. Conclusion on injury

(54) During the period considered, the Community industry suffered significant price
pressure from the subsidised imports originating in the countries concerned, which
were found to considerably undercut the Community industry’s prices in the IP and

11

which increased in terms of import volume during the period considered. As a
consequence, the Community industry was unable to reflect its costs on the level of its
selling prices. This resulted in the deterioration of the Community industry’s financial
situation, reaching a weighted average loss of 0.8% of turnover in the IP.

(55)

The fact that certain indicators of the Community industry such as production, sales,
employment and productivity improved should be seen in the light of the imposition of
anti-dumping measures in 1997, which afforded a certain relief to the Community
low prices from the
industry. The pressure exerted by the increasing imports at
countries concerned frustrated a full recovery by the Community industry which was
found to have suffered injury in the present investigation in the form of depressed
prices and financial losses in the IP.

(56)

In view of the above, it is hereby confirmed that the Community industry has suffered
material injury within the meaning of Article 8(2) of the Basic Regulation.

G. CAUSATION OF INJURY

1. Effects of the subsidised imports

(57)

(58)

In the Provisional Regulation the Commission found a clear coincidence between the
significant price undercutting by the subsidised imports and the deterioration of the
prices of the Community industry and its profitability in the IP. The significant price
pressure from the subsidised imports, especially between 1998 and the IP coincided
with a severe decrease in the prices of the Community industry, leading to losses of
0.8% of turnover during the IP.

The increase in the imports concerned (+16%), which reached a significant level of the
Community market during the IP (12.4% of market share), the depressed prices (-
17%) and the deterioration of the financial situation of the Community industry was
attributed to the continuously low prices of the imports originating in the countries
concerned.

(a) Increased capacity and investments by the Community industry

2. Effects of other factors

(59)

(60)

It has been alleged that the poor financial performance of the Community industry has
been caused by its increase in production capacity at a time when consumption
contracted sharply. It was also argued that the high level of investments and the
financial costs related to them, coupled with lower sales volume as consumption
contracted abruptly, were the cause of the deterioration of the financial situation of the
Community industry.

It has been found that the biggest increase in production capacity took place between
1996 and 1997 (+15%), when the Community industry expected to increase its
production and sales given the imposition of anti-dumping measures. It should be
noted that the increase in capacity was accompanied by an increase in production of
20% and in sales (33%) between 1996 and 1997. Therefore, the increase in capacity by
the Community industry allowed it to benefit from expectations of restored, effective
competition between the Community industry and countries subject to anti-dumping
measures. On the contrary, consumption only contracted as from 1998, while capacity
remained stable between 1998 and the IP.

12

(61) As regards the investments made by the Community industry, they remained relatively
stable over the period considered with the exception of 1997 when substantial
investments were made mainly by one company in the purchase of buildings. It should
be noted, however, that this company showed one of the best profit margins among the
Community industry during the year 1997 and even over the period considered.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, despite a contraction in consumption over the
period considered, the Community industry increased its sales and thus its share of the
Community market.

(62)

In view of the above, it is concluded that the poor financial performance of the
Community industry is thus not linked to an increase in capacity or to its level of
investments, but mainly to a price depression caused by the subsidised imports.

(b) Export performance by the Community industry

(63)

(64)

The export performance of the Community industry in the period considered was also
examined in order to assess whether any decrease in the export volume could have
negatively influenced the production of the Community industry.

It should firstly be noted that exports of SSF have represented a small share of the total
sales made by the Community industry throughout
the period considered.
Furthermore, the injury suffered by the Community industry was mainly in the form of
a deterioration of its profitability due to a severe price depression caused by the
subsidised imports as explained in recitals 166 to 168 of the Provisional Regulation. In
turn, production volumes increased in the period considered.

(65)

In view of the above,
Community industry is due to its export performance.

it cannot be considered that

the injury suffered by the

3. Conclusion on causation

(66)

(67)

In view of the above, it is hereby confirmed that the imports originating in the two
countries concerned, taken in isolation, have caused material injury to the Community
industry. Indeed, imports from Malaysia and the Philippines have impeded the full
recovery of the injurious situation of the Community industry found in the context of
the previous anti-dumping proceeding concerning SSF and their low-priced increasing
imports have negatively affected the profitability of the Community industry.

H. COMMUNITY INTEREST

In the Provisional Regulation the Commission found that no compelling reasons
existed for not imposing measures in the present case. In the absence of further
comments regarding the impact of countervailing duties on the situation of the
Community industry, it is hereby confirmed that the imposition of countervailing
measures is likely to enable the Community industry to regain a satisfactory
profitability margin, allowing the companies to continue trading and make the
necessary investments.

(68) One importer reiterated its claim that the imposition of countervailing measures would
significantly deteriorate the situation of Community importers/ traders. This was based
on the deterioration of the financial situation of this particular trader between 1997 and
1998 after the imposition of definitive anti-dumping measures in February 1998.
Furthermore, it was claimed that if countervailing measures were to be imposed

13

importers/ traders would not be able to import from South-East Asian suppliers thus
causing shortages in supply.

(69)

It should firstly be noted that the Provisional Regulation already stated that the
imposition of measures could result in a certain reduction of the margins of importers/
traders. The information provided by this importer/ trader and relating to the total
company profitability, including products not covered by the current investigation,
showed a certain reduction of its margins subsequent to the imposition of definitive
anti-dumping measures in February 1998, albeit still reaching a reasonable level. In
this respect it should be noted that the level of the countervailing measures adopted in
the present proceeding and the fact that it only affects two exporting countries is
unlikely to significantly affect importers/ traders.

(70) As regards the impossibility for importers/ traders to import from South-East Asia in
case of the imposition of countervailing measures, it should be noted that the level of
the countervailing measures proposed are not expected to prevent imports from the
countries concerned but rather to ensure that these imports are made at fair market
conditions. Furthermore, a number of other sources of supply exist, including South-
East Asian suppliers not subject to measures. It is therefore concluded that it is
in
unlikely that
shortages of supply.

the imposition of definitive countervailing measures will result

(71)

In view of the above, the provisional findings in recitals 183 to 213 of the Provisional
this case are hereby
Regulation regarding the Community interest aspects of
confirmed.

I. DEFINITIVE COURSE OF ACTION

1. Singapore and Thailand

(72) On the basis of the above findings, this proceeding should be terminated as regards
imports of SSF originating in Singapore and Thailand in accordance with Article 14 of
the Basic Regulation.

2. Malaysia and the Philippines

(73)

The conclusions reached above as to the subsidisation,
injury, causation and
Community interest call for definitive measures. In view of the diversity of product
types, the measures should be in the form of ad valorem duties. In the absence of any
new information on the injury elimination level, the provisional findings as described
in recitals 215 to 219 of the Provisional Regulation are hereby confirmed. In
accordance with Article 15(1) of the Basic Regulation, the duty rate corresponds to the
subsidy margin, as the injury margin is higher.

(74) As regards Malaysia, for both exporting producers anti-dumping duties are currently in
force, ranging from 5.7% to 7.0%. The level of the duty imposed within the present
proceeding shall therefore take into account the totality of the domestic subsidy plus
the export subsidy amount in excess of the existing anti-dumping duty in accordance
with Article 24(1) of the Basic Regulation, and for as long as the existing anti-
dumping duty remains in force. As shown in the table below, one Malaysian exporting
producer should be subject to a definitive countervailing duty (in addition to the
existing anti-dumping duty) of 1.8%. As for the second exporting producer, the

14

countervailing duty should be nil, since the existing anti-dumping duty exceeds the
export subsidy amount.

(75) Given that the companies co-operating in the proceeding covered virtually all imports
from this country, the residual duty should be set equal to the highest subsidy margin
level found for co-operating companies. Thus, the residual countervailing duty should
be set at 1.8%, in addition to the existing residual anti-dumping duty of 7.0%.

Company

Total subsidy

Export
Subsidy

Existing AD
duty

Proposed CVD

Tong Heer Fasteners Co. Sdn. Bhd.

4.71%

2.84%

Tigges Stainless Steel Fasteners
(M) Sdn. Bhd.

2.31%

2.31%

Others

7.0%

5.7%

1.8%

0.0%

7.0%

1.8%

(76)

The following rates of duty should apply for the Malaysian co-operating producers:

Tong Heer Fasteners Co. Sdn. Bhd.: 1.8%

Tigges Stainless Steel Fasteners (M) Sdn. Bhd.: 0%

(77) As regards the Philippines, for which no anti-dumping measures are in force, the

following rate of duty should apply for the co-operating producer:

Lu Chu Shin Yee Works Co. Ltd./ Philshin Works Corporation: 3.5%

(78)

(79)

In order to avoid granting a bonus for non-co-operation, it was considered appropriate
to establish the duty rate for the non-co-operating companies as the highest rate
established for any co-operating exporting producer, i.e. 1.8% for Malaysia and 3.5%
for the Philippines.

The individual company countervailing duty rates specified in this Regulation were
established on the basis of the findings of the present investigation. Therefore, they
reflect a situation found during that investigation with respect to the above companies.
These duty rates (as opposed to the countrywide duty applicable to "all other
companies") are thus exclusively applicable to imports of SSF originating in the
countries concerned and produced by the companies and thus by the specific legal
entities mentioned. Imported products produced by any other company not specifically
mentioned in the operative part of this Regulation with its name and address, including
entities related to those specifically mentioned, cannot benefit from these rates and
shall be subject to the duty rate applicable to "all other companies".

(80) Any claim requesting the application of these individual company countervailing duty
rates (e.g. following a change in the name of the entity or following the setting up of
new production or sales entities), should be addressed to the Commission4 forthwith
with all relevant information, in particular any modification in the company's activities

4 European Commission, Directorate-General Trade, Directorate E, DM 24-8/38 Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat 200 B -

1049.

15

linked to production, domestic and export sales associated with e.g. that name change
or that change in the production and sales entities. The Commission, if appropriate,
will, after consultation of the Advisory Committee, amend the Regulation accordingly
by updating the list of companies benefiting from individual duty rates.

(81)

Indeed, as explained above,

Imports from Malaysia are already subject to anti-dumping duties which were taken
into account in the determination of the countervailing duty imposed in the present
proceeding.
the
countervailing duty has been reduced up to the amount of the existing anti-dumping
duty. In view of the above, it is considered appropriate to align the period of operation
of the definitive countervailing duty concerning imports of SSF originating in
Malaysia and the Philippines, so that its expiry coincides with that of the anti-dumping
duties imposed on imports of SSF originating in the People's Republic of China, India,
the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan and Thailand, i.e. 17 February 2003, without
prejudice to the applicable provisions on reviews.

subsidy amount of

the export

3. Collection of provisional duties

(82)

In view of the magnitude of the subsidy margins found and in the light of the level of
the injury caused to the Community industry, it is considered necessary that the
amounts secured by way of
imposed by
Commission Regulation (EC) No 618/2000 on imports of SSF originating in Malaysia
and the Philippines, should be definitively collected at the rate of the duty definitively
imposed.

the provisional countervailing duty,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

1.
A definitive countervailing duty is hereby imposed on imports of stainless steel
fasteners and parts thereof falling within CN codes 7318 12 10, 7318 14 10, 7318 15 30, 7318
15 51, 7318 15 61, 7318 15 70 and 7318 16 30 and originating in Malaysia and the
Philippines.

The rate of the duty applicable to the net free-at-Community-frontier price, before

2.
duty, shall be as follows:

Malaysian companies

Rate of the duty Taric additional code

Tong Heer Fasteners Co. Sdn. Bhd. (referred to as Tong Heer Fasteners
in Commission Regulation No. 618/2000), No. 2515, Tingkat
Perusahaan 4A, Perai Free Trade Zone, 13600 Perai Pulau Penang,
Malaysia

Tigges Stainless Steel Fasteners (M) Sdn. Bhd. (referred to as Tigges
Stainless Steel Fasteners in Commission Regulation No. 618/2000),
Plot 23 & 24, Kinta Free Trade Zone, Jalan Kuala Kangsar, 31200
Chemor, GPO Box 24, 30700 Ipoh Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia

1.8%

A104

0%

A105

All other companies

1.8%

A999

16

Philippine companies

Rate of the duty Taric additional code

Lu Chu Shin Yee Works Co. Ltd. (referred to as Lu Chu Shin Yee
Works, Ltd. in Commission Regulation No. 618/2000), Cavite Export
Zone, Rosario, Philippines/ Philshin Works Corporation (referred to as
Pilshin Works Corporation in Commission Regulation No. 618/2000),
Amaya 1, Tanza, Cavite, Philippines

3.5%

A106

All other companies

3.5%

A999

Unless otherwise specified, the provisions in force concerning customs duties shall

3.
apply.

Article 2

The amounts secured by way of provisional countervailing duties pursuant to Commission
Regulation (EC) No 618/2000 on imports of the product described in Article 1(1) above
originating in Malaysia and the Philippines shall be collected at
the rate of the duty
definitively imposed. Amounts secured in excess of the definitive rate of countervailing duties
shall be released.

The countervailing duty shall expire on 17 February 2003.

Article 3

Article 4

The anti-subsidy proceeding concerning imports of stainless steel fasteners and parts thereof
originating in Singapore and Thailand is hereby terminated.

Article 5

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the
Official Journal of the European Communities.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, […]

For the Council
The President
[…]

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