European Parliament resolution containing Parliament's observations on action to be taken on the second report of the Committee of Independent Experts on reform of the Commission
Date: 2000-01-19
Institutions: Committee on Budgetary Control, European Parliament
Subjects: European Commission, institutional reform, report

24.10.2000

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

C 304/135

Wednesday 19 January 2000

3. Second report by the Committee of Independent Experts

A5-0001/2000

European Parliament resolution containing Parliament’s observations on action to be taken on the
second report of the Committee of Independent Experts on reform of the Commission

The European Parliament,

(cid:1) having regard to the second report of the Committee of Independent Experts of 10 September 1999
irregularities and fraud,

(Analysis of current practice and proposals for tackling mismanagement,
Volumes I and II),

(cid:1) having regard to the EC Treaty and in particular Article 276 thereof,

(cid:1) having regard to its decisions of 17 December 1998 (1) and 4 May 1999 (2) on not granting discharge

in respect of the implementation of the budget for the financial year 1996,

(cid:1) having regard to its resolution of 14 January 1999 on improving the financial management of the

Commission (3),

(cid:1) having regard to its resolution of 23 March 1999 on the resignation of the Commission and the

appointment of a new Commission (4),

(cid:1) having regard to its resolution of 19 January 2000 containing Parliament’s recommendations to the
Commission on introducing protection under criminal law of the Union’s financial interests (5),

(cid:1) having regard to the Interinstitutional Agreement of 25 May 1999 (6) between the European Parlia-
ment, the Council of the European Union and the Commission of the European Communities con-
cerning internal investigations by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF),

(cid:1) having regard to the report of the Committee on Budgetary Control and the opinions from the Com-
mittee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market, the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and
the Committee on Regional Policy, Transport and Tourism (A5-0001/2000),

A. whereas, following the resignation of the Commission in March 1999, the confidence of European
citizens in the process of European integration and the European institutions must be restored,

B. whereas the Commission must be able to fulfil its role on the basis of clearly defined political prio-

rities and a corresponding organisational structure,

C. whereas, in view of the increasingly complex demands placed upon it, the Commission’s financial and

human resources must be managed in a modern and efficient manner,

D. whereas it is responsible for ensuring that European taxpayers’ money is well spent and, with the
other Institutions of the Union, must do everything in its power to prevent and combat fraud and
irregularities,

E. whereas, under Article 276 of the Treaty, and in particular paragraph 2 thereof, the Commission shall

submit any necessary information to the European Parliament upon the latter’s request,

F. whereas on 15 November 1999 its Bureau instructed the Secretary-General to consult the Legal Ser-
vice with a view to determining what should be done with the archives of the Committee of Indepen-
dent Experts,

G. whereas Parliament and its Committee on Budgetary Control have signalled many of the issues raised
in the two reports of the Independent Experts and addressed them in various reports and resolutions,

(1) OJ C 98, 9.4.1999, p. 194.
(2) OJ C 279, 1.10.1999, p. 114.
(3) OJ C 104, 14.4.1999, p. 106.
(4) OJ C 177, 22.6.1999, p. 19.
(5) Texts adopted at that sitting, Item 1.
(6) OJ L 136, 31.5.1999, p. 15.

C 304/136

Official Journal of the European Communities

EN

24.10.2000

Wednesday 19 January 2000

1. Welcomes the second report of the Committee of Independent Experts on Commission reform and
thanks the members of the Committee for their work;

2.
Recalls that the Independent Experts were asked to limit their second report to recommendations on
reform and did not, therefore, seek to address specific allegations of fraud, mismanagement or nepotism;

Asks the President of the Commission to take into account and implement Parliament’s recommen-

3.
dations in its reform programme;

4.
Asks the Commission to submit a complete list of the documents made available to the Committee
of Independent Experts, and to forward these documents to its competent committee responsible on
request;

Calls on the Council to forward in good time a comprehensive recommendation to Parliament on the

5.
discharge procedure so that Parliament is able to give full consideration to its conclusions;

Considers that transparency is essential with a view to achieving sound and efficient management

6.
and therefore urges the Commission to

(a)

create a public registry of incoming documents on the basis of clearly defined criteria,

(b)

introduce standardised procedures for archives in all Directorates-General,

(c) answer all requests for information from the public within the shortest possible timeframe,

(d) educate all staff in working methods that allow for transparency and make public insight into their

work possible,

(e)

ensure that all public documents are readily available via internet,

(f)

examine the possibility of partial release when information is classified as confidential;

Improving financial management and control (cid:17) direct management

7.
Urges the Commission to undertake the complete overhaul of the Financial Regulation recommended
by the Court of Auditors and the Committee of Independent Experts in the direction as outlined by these
bodies, and to draw up a proposal for a new Regulation without delay;

Considers that the new Financial Regulation should concentrate on essential principles, while detailed

8.
rules should be contained in separate regulations relating to each Institution;

9.
Reminds the Commission that Article 279 of the EC Treaty lays down an independent role and an
independent sphere of responsibility for the financial controllers and that a revision of the Financial Reg-
ulation can be carried out only on the basis of that Treaty provision;

Calls on the Commission, in connection with the revision of the Financial Regulation, to follow the
10.
recommendations put forward by the Court of Auditors in its Opinion No 4/97 (1), particularly the recom-
mendation that the Financial Controller should be allocated a new role; points out that the Court of Audi-
tors recommended that the procedure involving the granting of prior approval by the Financial Controller
should not simply be abolished but, instead, that the Financial Controller should be left free to decide
when to exercise this right to carry out ex ante checks on the basis of risk analyses and when it is possible
not to do so;

11.

Calls on the Commission to:

(a)

establish and apply transparent rules governing contracts, subsidies and outsourcing, and to set up a
central database for contracts and contractors, including full information on the ownership and man-
agement of firms party to any contract,

(b) phase out the use of so-called Technical Assistance Offices in their present form and, together with the
budgetary authority, develop alternatives to them that can be properly controlled, draw up clear rules
on the funding of non-governmental organisations and give consideration to the setting up, in a pub-
licly accountable manner, of Commission implementing agencies,

(1) OJ C 57, 23.2.1998, p. 1.

24.10.2000

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

C 304/137

Wednesday 19 January 2000

(c)

ensure that, when Commission activities are contracted out, the highest standards of openness and
transparency are applied,

(d) publish separate annual reports and accounts for each Directorate-General,

(e)

secure the independence of personnel responsible for financial control within the directorates-general
and their protection from hierarchical pressure; the award of contracts and outsourcing must be based
on a tendering procedure under which the exercise of any discretion by the Commission is subject to
clear rules which are readily amenable to review by the Court of Justice,

(f) phase out the system of ex ante financial control and decentralise it in a manner compatible with
Opinion No 4/97 of the Court of Auditors, minimising the number of hierarchical levels involved in
financial management; in so doing, use should be made of the possibility laid down in Article 24 of
the Financial Regulation of financial controllers subordinate to the Commission’s Financial Controller
being seconded to the individual directorates-general,

(g) ensure that financial control staff are properly trained and qualified, and that officials at all levels are

held accountable for their actions within the context of the hierarchical structure,

(h) establish a new independent audit service under the authority of the President of the Commission, to
be headed by a highly qualified and experienced member of the auditing profession. This vacant post
should be filled in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 29 of the Staff Regulations;

12.
Believes that the Internal Audit Service should act under the responsibility and authority of the
President of the Commission, independently of any other Commission service. It should above all be a
diagnostic tool in the hands of the President, enabling him/her to identify structural and organisational
weaknesses in the Commission. The competencies, objectives, powers and status of this Service should be
set out in a basic founding document (a ‘charter’);

13.
Considers that the President of the Commission should present to the Commission each year an
annual report of the Internal Audit Service, outlining its activities, principal findings and the action
taken, or to be taken, by the President as a result. This report should be made public;

14.
States that it would be helpful if the Court of Auditors were able in its Statement of Assurance to
indicate with greater precision which sectors, systems and procedures, and, in the case of shared manage-
ment, which Member States, are mainly affected by errors, and the nature of the errors concerned;

15.
Takes the view that the duration of the contradictory procedure between the Court of Auditors and
the Commission (and other ‘auditees’) should be considerably shortened. The process should not assume
the nature of a negotiation on the severity or otherwise of the Court’s observations but seek only to
establish the facts. The underlying purpose of the Court’s audits should be to identify the remedial manage-
ment action required in the Commission to address the issues identified by the Court;

16.
Considers that the Council should give greater political priority to the preparation of its annual
recommendation to Parliament on discharge, as this would reinforce the political status of the prime insti-
tutional mechanism whereby the Commission is held accountable for financial management;

17.
Considers that the Council and Parliament should be bound by the principle of budgetary discipline
to take into account the resource requirements attached to any policy initiative they request from the
Commission. The Commission should be able to refuse to assume any new tasks for which administrative
resources are not available and cannot be provided through redeployment;

18.
Considers that the management of Community programmes, and in particular all questions of
financial management, are the sole responsibility of the Commission. Committees composed of Member
State representatives should not therefore be empowered to take any decision relating to the ongoing
financial management of programmes. Any risk that national considerations might affect financial manage-
ment at the expense of sound financial management criteria should be excluded;

Calls on the Commission to impose a time-limit on the contradictory procedure of internal audits

19.
of one month;

C 304/138

Official Journal of the European Communities

EN

24.10.2000

Wednesday 19 January 2000

20.
Considers that, until a new system of internal control and internal audit is fully in place, the Internal
Audit Unit of Directorate-General Audit must continue to exist and have an independent role vis-à-vis the
other parts of DG Audit;

21.
Calls on the Commission to establish an Audit Commission in which the analyses, assessments and
proposals made on the basis of the ex post internal audit may be reviewed and the implementation thereof
determined;

Considers that the Commission, or a Member whom it has empowered to act, must be debarred

22.
from acting as authorising officers;

Improving financial management and control (cid:17) shared management

23.
Calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure that the EAGGF Clearance of Accounts unit
can work independently and without being subject to any inappropriate external or internal influence or
pressure; calls on the Commission to

(a)

ensure a more stringent application of existing Regulations,

(b) make full use of its right of on-the-spot controls in the Member States for accounting and compliance
clearance and exclude from the certified accounts those amounts relating to accounting errors and
underlying transactions which are irregular,

(c)

ensure, through more rigorous clearance of accounts procedures, the correct use of Community funds
and the recovery of any funds misused,

(d)

introduce time-limits in the Financial Regulation for each step in the clearance of accounts procedures,

(e)

seek to reduce the length of time taken in the clearance procedure by reducing the number of steps
and in particular the number of distinct occasions which Member States have to comment on pro-
posed recoveries and the Commission’s observations leading to them,

(f) pay particular attention to the area of export refunds differentiated by destination and ensure that

guarantees are recovered in full when frauds are uncovered;

24.
Similarly calls on the Commission to devote additional resources to controlling spending from the
Structural Funds, notably by increasing preferably unannounced checks in the Member States both in
number and quality, in accordance with all applicable legal provisions; calls for greater use of financial
corrections in the area of the Structural Funds and calls upon the Commission to make the use of these
corrections more visible through an annual synthesis report comparable to that presented under the clear-
ance of accounts procedure; calls for an end to the practice of excess spending declarations by Member
States and clear rules on changes to, and the replacement of, non-eligible projects;

25.
Believes that its political control of the structure, design and implementation of the Structural Funds
has to be reinforced; draws attention to the existence of the Code of Conduct between Parliament and the
Commission which guarantees that Parliament will be consulted on the basic issues relating to the future
implementation of regional and structural policies and that any document or report which Parliament
needs in order to be able to perform its democratic tasks of parliamentary control will be made available
to it at a sufficiently early stage;

Calls on the Commission and the Member States to study their information systems which are used
26.
to exchange data on the implementation of the structural actions; advocates that these systems be
improved in order to be able to guarantee effective administration and supervision at all levels of manage-
ment;

Considers that increased co-operation between the European Court of Auditors and its national

27.
counterparts would lead to a higher detection rate of irregularities;

Calls on those Member States which have not already done so to give national Courts of Auditors

28.
the right to conduct audits into the use of European funds;

24.10.2000

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

C 304/139

Asks the Commission to undertake a study to consider the development of harmonised accounting

29.
and auditing procedures in all Member States;

Wednesday 19 January 2000

Calls on the Commission to reinforce its cooperation with Member States as regards the protection

30.
of the Union’s financial interests;

Strengthening the fight against fraud, corruption, mismanagement and nepotism

31.
Believes that the institutions and Member States must work to create a modern administrative cul-
ture in which fraud, corruption, mismanagement and nepotism cannot thrive; that in order to achieve this
in the Commission, the following are essential: a clear example set by Commissioners and senior man-
agers, professional training for all staff instilling respect for professional ethics, binding rules on financial
management and control, and the existence and enforcement of a functioning system of sanctions which
incorporates appropriate safeguards for the rights of the defence;

32.
Believes that the independence of OLAF vis-à-vis the Commission in particular must be and remain
a fundamental point of principle if the organisation is to play its role, which is substantially of criminal
investigation, fairly and effectively;

33.
Believes that OLAF must earn the respect, and thus wholehearted cooperation, both of EU institu-
tions and personnel and of Member States’ investigative and judicial authorities through ensuring that its
inquiries are (cid:1) and are seen to be (cid:1) independent, rigorous, objective, procedurally correct, reasonably
rapid and ultimately productive of results;

34.
Believes that OLAF must possess adequate human resources to deal with its case-load at least as
effectively as an equivalent Member State service. It should also be ensured that certain lacunae in the
staffing of UCLAF are remedied, notably through the recruitment of adequate specialist expertise, beyond
its core investigative personnel, in the fields of (a) auditing, especially ‘forensic accountancy’, (b) informa-
tion technology, (c) prosecution and (d) judicial procedures in Member States. All OLAF staff should more-
over be selected strictly on the basis of their suitability for OLAF’s purposes, which should preclude any
‘automatic’ transfer of UCLAF staff to the new organisation;

35.
Asks the Commission to draw up, as part of its forthcoming communication on reform, a pro-
cedure for officials whose conscience persuades them of the need to expose wrong-doings encountered in
the course of their duties; considers that such a procedure should include a mechanism whereby, when it
has not been possible to resolve concerns within a reasonable period of time, including through recourse
to OLAF, officials would have the right to address, in confidence, an external authority such as the Euro-
pean Ombudsman; calls on the Commission to base its proposal on the experience gained with similar
procedures concerning whistle-blowers in countries such as Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United
States; at the same time considers that the rights of officials accused of wrongdoings must be protected, as
they may have been falsely accused;

Considers that, whilst fair, accessible and effective whistleblowing provisions are necessary, they

36.
should never be regarded as an alternative to good, responsible management;

37.
Notes that the long-standing provisions in the Financial Regulation and the Staff Regulations con-
cerning officials’ financial liability for the damage their actions cause have proved ineffective; recommends,
therefore, that the enforcement of these provisions should no longer be left to internal Commission bodies,
but that instead this task should be allotted to an external body, such as the European Court of Auditors or
the European Court of Justice; calls on the Commission to put forward the requisite legal texts establishing
a corresponding chamber in the Court of Auditors or the Court of Justice to deal with disciplinary proce-
dures for budgetary irregularities;

38.
Calls on those Member States which have not yet done so to ratify the 1995 Convention on the
Protection of the European Communities’ Financial Interests, noting that they undertook to do so by the
middle of 1998 and emphasising that such ratification will become pointless once the Commission has
submitted a proposal for a Community act;

C 304/140

Official Journal of the European Communities

EN

24.10.2000

Wednesday 19 January 2000

39.
Draws attention to paragraph 5 of its resolution of 7 October 1998 on the independence, role and
status of the Unit for the Coordination of Fraud Prevention (UCLAF) (1) in which Parliament, by a two-
thirds majority of its Members, called on the Commission to put forward, on the basis of Article 280 of
the EC Treaty, proposals for regulations to replace the unratified conventions and additional protocols;

Upholding standards in European public life

40. Welcomes the introduction of a code of conduct for Commissioners, a code of conduct for Com-
missioners and departments, and the announcement of a Commission decision on a code of good admin-
istrative behaviour; believes that all codes should be made legally binding; instructs its competent commit-
tee to draw up a report on these codes of conduct with a view to ensuring that the principles of merit and
managerial capacity in particular are clearly included in them for purposes of appointment and promotion;

Calls on the Commission to adopt, in the form proposed by the European Ombudsman, the Code

41.
of Good Administrative Practice for EU officials in their relations with the public;

42.

Calls for the individual political responsibility of Commissioners to be enshrined in the Treaties;

43.
Considers that the code of conduct for Commissioners should redefine the concept of collective
responsibility to encompass not only a prohibition on calling into question decisions adopted by the col-
lege, but also the right and the obligation of Commissioners to keep themselves fully appraised of the
activities their colleagues;

44.
Considers that clear rules should be established regarding the criteria applicable in connection with
the appointment of individuals to Commissioners’ cabinets, with a view in particular to eliminating the
possibility of favouritism based on personal relationships. Full transparency as to any personal relationship
between a Commissioner and a member of his/her cabinet must be ensured;

45.
Considers that Commissioners who use undue influence to favour fellow nationals or wider national
interests in any sector for which they are competent are in serious breach of their obligation of indepen-
dence, and should be subject to an appropriate sanction;

46.
Considers that the Commission must establish clear internal guidelines (cid:1) to be made public (cid:1)
designed to ensure maximum openness and transparency regarding acts and decisions of the Commission
once taken and the processes by which they were arrived at;

47.
Considers that the rights and obligations of officials to report instances of suspected criminal acts
and other reprehensible behaviour to the appropriate authorities outside the Commission should be estab-
lished in the Staff Regulations and the necessary mechanisms put in place. The Staff Regulations should
also protect whistleblowers who respect their obligations in this regard from undue adverse consequences
of their action;

Considers that any Commissioner who knowingly misleads Parliament, or omits to correct at the
48.
earliest opportunity inadvertently erroneous information provided to Parliament should be expected to
offer his/her resignation from the Commission. In the absence of an offer of resignation, the President of
the Commission should take appropriate action;

49. Welcomes the decision of the Members of the new Commission to renounce a number of special
privileges traditionally granted to them and calls upon the Commission to codify this new practice, so as
to make it applicable beyond the mandate of the present Commission;

Considers that Membership of the Commission is wholly compatible with ordinary membership of
50.
a political party; takes the view that Members of the Commission should at all times maintain their inde-
pendence and neutrality;

Notes that, although the Committee of Independent Experts only considered management practices
51.
at the Commission, other Institutions could benefit from some of its recommendations; accordingly
instructs its competent committee to consider and report on the need for improvements to Parliament’s
prevailing internal rules, administrative procedures and management practices;

(1) OJ C 328, 26.10.1998, p. 95.

24.10.2000

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

C 304/141

Wednesday 19 January 2000

52.
Instructs its Secretary-General and its Committee on Constitutional Affairs, within their respective
remits, to bring forward proposals for the necessary formal and practical arrangements (including changes
to Parliament’s Rules of Procedure and, in particular, to Annex VII thereto), to guarantee Parliament’s
unfettered rights under Article 276 of the EC Treaty and to introduce appropriate general procedures for
handling documents of a necessarily confidential nature;

53.
Calls on the Commission to bring forward proposals for the classification of documents and to
consider other ways (cid:1) drawing on the experience of the relationship between the executive and the legis-
lature acquired in Member States (cid:1) in which full transparency with Parliament can be respected whilst
minimising the risks of prejudicing on-going court cases or violating the rights of individual staff members,
etc.;

Considers that an independent ‘Committee on Standards in Public Life’ should be created by inter-
54.
institutional agreement to provide advice on ethics and standards of conduct in the European institutions;

55.
Considers that the existing set of legal provisions and rules governing the conduct of Members of
the European Parliament (including those contained in the Rules of Procedure) must be supplemented as
soon as possible by Statutes for Members and their assistants after agreement with Parliament;

Ensuring responsibility and accountability in European political and administrative life

56.
Recalls that the Commission is accountable to the European Parliament. To this end, it is under a
constitutional duty to be fully open with Parliament, providing it with the complete, accurate and truthful
information and documentation necessary for Parliament to carry out its institutional role, notably in the
context of the discharge procedure and in connection with committees of inquiry. Access to information
and documentation should only be refused in exceptional, duly motivated circumstances and in accordance
with procedures agreed between the institutions;

Modernising human resources policy

57.
Notes the steps already taken by the Commission to modernise its personnel policy, including the
proposed changes to its internal social dialogue and the implementation of new principles governing the
appointment of senior officials;

Calls on the Commission to carry out a comprehensive reform of human resources policy compris-

58.
ing, inter alia, the following elements:

(a)

reform of the system of open competitions, including a shift of emphasis from the testing of factual
knowledge to the testing of skills, as well as increased scope for specialist recruitment, particularly in
the spheres of audit, bookkeeping and accounting,

(b) access for candidates to their corrected test papers, in accordance with the most recent recommenda-

tions of the European Ombudsman,

(c) an end to all forms of discrimination in accordance with Article 13 of the EC Treaty,

(d) evaluation and training as an ongoing process throughout officials’ careers, making compulsory spe-
cific skills training a requirement for promotion to a higher grade and for transfer to a specialist post,

(e) a transparent promotions procedure based on merit, including internal competitions as a means of

promotion from one grade to the next if a vacant post exists,

(f)

increased, programmed staff mobility within the Commission and between the Commission and other
European institutions and exchanges of European officials and expert national oficials on temporary
secondment,

(g) a procedure for dealing with professional underperformance that is distinct from the disciplinary pro-

cedure,

(h)

reform of the disciplinary procedure, ensuring more continuity in the membership of the disciplinary
board while introducing a significant independent external element,

C 304/142

Official Journal of the European Communities

EN

24.10.2000

Wednesday 19 January 2000

(i) maintaining the principle of an independent, impartial European civil service,

(j)

training and professional conversion should be seen as an ongoing process, starting with the proba-
tionary period and forming a regular, compulsory element throughout an official’s career. The Com-
mission should step up the financial resources allocated to training measures,

(k) empowerment of staff requires that everyone’s duties should be clearly defined and that the efforts
made and the results obtained by each official in carrying out the duties allocated to him are recog-
nised, encouraged and rewarded,

(l)

decentralisation plays an important role in enhancing the sense of responsibility felt by staff. However,
the tasks that are decentralised must be clearly defined and effective. Thus the practice of creating or
maintaining posts with no real responsibilities (or corresponding workload) should be regarded as
contrary not only to the rationality and effectiveness of the system but also to the principle of empow-
erment,

(m) the system of open competitions for the recruitment of Commission staff should be thoroughly
reviewed, since the number of candidates has increased considerably over time and the procedures
followed have proved inadequate,

(n) a reform of the staff reports and promotions system is necessary in order to restore the credibility of
the selection process and the career structure. To that end there is a need to strengthen the assessment
culture, review the form of the reports and simplify their headings, draw up more specific and
balanced assessment criteria, award more clearly differentiated marks and provide more detailed com-
ments with better justifications, and encourage more active and responsible participation by the offi-
cials concerned;

Believes that the overall pay and benefits package for officials must be attractive and competitive as
59.
regards the overall level of remuneration, but that the structure of the package is in need of modernisation;

60.

Calls for a fundamental review of the system of allowances, in particular the expatriation allowance;

61.
Calls on the Commission to ensure that officials’ performance is assessed on a regular basis
throughout their careers; considers that excellence must be rewarded and that where it occurs, systematic
under-performance by officials (cid:1) to the extent that it cannot be dealt with through retraining or by other
effective means (cid:1) must result in the termination of their employment contract;

62.
Reminds the Commission that any changes to the Staff Regulations will be directly applicable to all
EU Institutions and therefore calls on the Commission to establish a high-level interinstitutional dialogue
on the reform process; this interinstitutional dialogue should aim, inter alia, at eliminating unjustified dero-
gations from the Staff Regulations applied in the Court of Justice with regard to the recruitment and
promotion of certain officials;

Implementation of the reforms

63.
Calls on the Commission to incorporate the proposals contained in this Resolution in the commu-
nication it is due to present in February 2000, including a timetable for their implementation, and to
invites the Commission’s Vice-President for Reform to
present annual progress reports to Parliament;
report to the Committee on Budgetary Control on a regular basis;

64.
Instructs its Committee on Budgetary Control and, in so far as the matter falls within its terms of
reference, its Committee on Legal Affairs and the Internal Market to prepare a report on the final Com-
mission proposals on the reform of the Commission and to ensure that Parliament’s recommendations are
coherently implemented;

*

*

*

Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Commission, the Council and the Court of

65.
Auditors.