1999/476/EC: Commission Decision of 10 June 1999 Establishing the Ecological Criteria for the award of the Community Eco-label to Laundry Detergents (notified under document number C(1999) 1522) (Text with EEA relevance)
Date: 1999-06-10
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: European standard, consumer information, eco-label, polishing and scouring preparations, quality label, textile product

L 187/52

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

COMMISSION

COMMISSION DECISION

of 10 June 1999

Establishing the Ecological Criteria for the award of the Community Eco-label to Laundry Deter-
gents

(notified under document number C(1999) 1522)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(1999/476/EC)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European
Community,

Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 880/92 of 23
March 1992 on a Community Eco-label award scheme (1), and
in particular the second subparagraph of Article 5(1) thereof,

(1) Whereas, by Decision 95/365/EC (2), the Commission
the
established ecological criteria for
Community eco-label
to laundry detergents, which,
according to Article 3 thereof, expired on 25 July 1998;

the award of

(2) Whereas it is appropriate to adopt a new Decision for
the product group ‘laundry detergents’ and establish
criteria for this product group, which will be valid for a
period of three years;

(3) Whereas it is appropriate to revise the criteria that were
established by Decision 95/365/EC in order to reflect the
developments in the market;

(4) Whereas the first subparagraph of Article 5(1) of Regula-
tion (EEC) No 880/92 provides that the conditions for
the awards of the Community Eco-label shall be defined
by product group;

(5) Whereas Article 10(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92
states that environmental performance of a product shall
be assessed by reference to the specific criteria for
product groups;

(1) OJ L 99, 11.4.1992, p. 1.
(2) OJ L 217, 13.9.1995, p. 14.

(6) Whereas Article 4(2)(a) of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92
states that an eco-label shall not be awarded to products
which are substances or preparations classified as
dangerous in accordance with Council Directive on the
approximation of laws, regulations and administrative
provisions relating to the classification, packaging and
labelling of dangerous substances 67/548/EEC (3) as last
amended by Commission Directive 98/98/EC (4) and
Council Directive 88/379/EEC (5), as last amended by
Commission Directive 96/65/EEC (6), but
it may be
awarded to products containing such substances or
preparations in so far as they meet the objectives of the
Community eco-label award scheme;

(7) Whereas laundry detergents contain substances or prep-
arations classified as dangerous in accordance with the
abovementioned Directives;

(8) Whereas

the ecological criteria established by this
Decision include,
in particular, hurdles and scores
limiting to a minimum the content of substances and
preparations classified as dangerous in the detergents
which may be awarded an eco-label;

(9) Whereas detergents complying with these criteria have
therefore a reduced environmental impact and meet the
objectives of the Community eco-label award scheme;

(10) Whereas the Commission has adopted the recommenda-
tion of 22 July 1998 concerning good environmental
practice for household laundry detergents (7);

(3) OJ 196, 16.8.1967, p. 1
(4) OJ L 355, 30.12.1998, p. 1.
(5) OJ L 187, 16.7.1988, p. 14.
(6) OJ L 265, 18.10.1996, p. 15.
(7) OJ L 215, 1.8.1998, p. 73.

20. 7. 1999

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Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/53

(11) Whereas in accordance with Article 6 of Regulation
(EEC) No 880/92 the Commission has consulted the
interest groups within a consultation forum;
principal

(12) Whereas the measures provided for in this Decision are
in accordance with the opinion of the committee set up
under Article 7 of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1

out in the Annex and Appendices I Part A, I Part B, II, III and
IV.

Article 3

The product group definition and the criteria for the product
group shall be valid for a period of three years from the first
day on which this Decision enters into force.

Article 4

For administrative purposes, the code number assigned to the
product group shall be ‘006’.

The product group ‘laundry detergents’ means all laundry deter-
gents, in powder, liquid or any other form; for the washing of
textiles, and which are intended to be used principally in
household washing machines.

This Decision is addressed to the Member States.

Article 5

Done at Brussels, 10 June 1999.

Article 2

The environmental performance and the fitness for use of the
product group, as defined in Article l, shall be assessed by
reference to the specific ecological and performance criteria set

For the Commission

Ritt BJERREGAARD

Member of the Commission

L 187/54

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Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

ANNEX

FRAMEWORK

The general requirements established by Regulation (EEC) No 880/92 on a Community eco-label award scheme and the
following specific criteria shall apply for the awarding of an eco-label to laundry detergents and must be complied with
during the entire period covered by the contract concerning the terms of use of the label.

The competent bodies are recommended to take into account the implementation of recognised environmental manage-
ment schemes, such as EMAS or ISO 14001, when assessing applications and monitoring compliance with the criteria in
this Annex.

These criteria aim at promoting:

— the reduction of water pollution both by reducing the quantity of detergent used and by limiting the

quantity of harmful ingredients

— the minimisation of waste production by reducing the amount of primary packaging and promoting its

reusability and/or recyclability

— the reduction of energy use by promoting low temperature detergents.

Additionally, the criteria enhance the consumers' environmental awareness.

1. FUNCTIONAL UNIT AND REFERENCE DOSAGE

1.1. Functional unit

The functional unit is expressed in g/wash (grams per wash). For heavy-duty detergents this is related to the dosage per
4,5 kg load (dry textiles) and for low-duty detergents to the dosage per 2,5 kg load (dry textiles) in the washing machine.

1.2. Reference dosage

The dosage recommended by the manufacturer to consumers for the water hardness of 2,5 mmol CaCO3/l and ‘normally
soiled’ textiles is taken as the reference dosage for:

— the calculation of the ecological criteria, and

— the test of washing performance.

If the water hardness of 2,5 mmol CaCO
applicant shall specify the dosage used as the reference.

3/l is not relevant in the Member States in which the detergent is marketed, the

2. ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA ON INGREDIENTS AND PACKAGING

2.1. Ecological criteria on ingredients

The following parameters are considered:

— total chemicals (TC),

— critical dilution volume-toxicity (CDV tox),

— phosphates (as STPP),

— insoluble inorganics (II)

— soluble inorganics (SI)

— non-biodegradable organics (aerobic) (aNBDO)

— non biodegradable organics (anaerobic) (anNBDO)

— biological oxygen demand (BOD).

Appendix II presents the definition of parameters used in the calculation. These parameters are calculated and expressed
as g/wash or l/wash as appropriate. They are aggregated and assessed as a whole, according to the approach presented in
this document.

Scoring/weighting factors

The following table summarises the selected criteria, their exclusion hurdles, their weighting factors and the maximum
achievable scoring result. The scoring system formulae to be used to calculate the score in respect of each criterion are
presented in point 2.3.

20. 7. 1999

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/55

Laundry detergents scoring/weighting calculation system

Criterion

Score

4

3

2

1

Exclusion
hurdle

Weighting

Sum

Total chemicals

60

70

80

90

110

Critical dilution volume, tox

1 500

3 500

5 500

7 500

10 000

Phosphates (as STPP)

Insoluble inorganics

Soluble inorganics

NBDO (aerobic)

NBDO (anaerobic)

0

10

10

1

1

7,5

15

25

2

4

15

20

40

3

7

BOD

20

40

60

Total

Minimum score required

Note: All values are expressed in g/wash, except the CDV

tox

which is expressed in l/wash.

3

8

2

22,5

30

30

0,5

70

0,5

8

1

15

1,5

130

2

25

55

4

10

80

45

12

32

8

2

2

4

6

8

74

2.2. Pass/fail level for awarding the eco-label

The sum of the scores related to the eight criteria concerning the ingredients shall be equal to or greater than 45.

Hurdle values shall not be exceeded on any criterion. The product shall also be in compliance with the criteria set out in
other parts of this Annex.

2.3. Calculations related to ecological criteria on ingredients

Detergent ingredient database (DID-list)

Appendix I, Part A presents the detergent ingredients database (DID-list) which contains the most widely used ingredients
used in detergents formulation. It shall be used for calculations of the criteria concerning ingredients.

Data on the loading factor, toxicity, non-biodegradability (aerobic), non biodegradability (anaerobic), soluble/insoluble
inorganics and biological oxygen demand (BOD), are listed for the major detergent ingredients in Appendix 1, Part A and
these data shall be used for the calculations concerning these ingredients.

The criteria:

— total chemicals

— phosphates (as STPP)

— soluble/insoluble inorganics

— non-biodegradable (aerobic/anaerobic)

— BOD

shall be calculated for each ingredient by considering the dosage per wash, water content and mass percentage and shall
be totalled for each product formulation.

L 187/56

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Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

The criterion on critical dilution volume toxicity is calculated for each ingredient (i) of the detergent formulation by the
following equation:

CDVtox

(ingredient i) =

weight/wash (i) × loading factor (i)
long term effect (i)

× 1 000

Procedure for the calculation of scores

For the calculation of scores, the following equations shall be used:

Total chemicals (TC)

If TC > 110 g/wash
If TC ≤ 90 g/wash
If 110 ≥ TC > 90 g/wash
If TC ≤ 60 g/wash

Critical Dilution Volume tox (CDV

):

TOX

If CDV

If CDV

TOX > 10 000 l/wash
TOX ≤ 7 500 l/wash

If 10 000 ≥ CDV

> 7 500 l/wash

If CDV

TOX

TOX
≤ 1 500 l/wash

Phosphates (P)

If P > 30 g/wash
If P ≤ 22,5 g/wash
If 30 ≥ P > 22,5 g/wash

Insoluble inorganics (II):

If II > 30 g/wash
If II ≤ 25 g/wash
If 30 ≥ II > 25 g/wash
If II ≤ 10 g/wash

Soluble inorganics (SI):

If SI > 70 g/wash
If SI ≤ 55 g/wash
If 70 ≥ SI > 55 g/wash
If SI ≤ 10 g/wash

Aerobic non-biodegradable organics (aNBDO):

If aNBDO > 8 g/wash
If aNBDO ≤ 4 g/wash
If 8 ≥ aNBDO > 4 g/wash
If aNBDO ≤ 1 g/wash

then
then
then
then

then

then

then

then

then
then
then

then
then
then
then

then
then
then
then

then
then
then
then

EXCLUSION
Score = 10 – TC/10
Score = 0
Score = 4

EXCLUSION

Score = 4,75 – CDVTOX/2 000
Score = 0

Score = 4

EXCLUSION
Score = 4 – P/7,5
Score = 0

EXCLUSION
Score = 6 – II/5
Score = 0
Score = 4

EXCLUSION
Score = 4,66 – SI/5
Score = 0
Score = 4

EXCLUSION
Score = 5 – aNBDO
Score = 0
Score = 4

20. 7. 1999

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Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/57

Anaerobic non-biodegradable organics (anNBDO):

If anNBDO > 15 g/wash
If anNBDO ≤ 10 g/wash
If 15 ≥ anNBDO > 10 g/wash
If anNBDO ≤ 1 g/wash

BOD (BOD):

If BOD > 130 g/wash
If BOD ≤ 80 g/wash
If 130 ≥ BOD > 80 g/wash
If BOD ≤ 20 g/wash

New additional

ingredients

then
then
then
then

then
then
then
then

EXCLUSION
Score = 4,34 – anNBDO/3
Score = 0
Score = 4

EXCLUSION
Score = 5 – BOD/20
Score = 0
Score = 4

In the case of new chemicals or additional ingredients which are not listed in the detergent ingredient database the
approach described below and in Appendix I, Part B shall be followed.

— experimental data shall be submitted by the applicant to the competent body,

— the data on soluble/insoluble inorganics, on anaerobic biodegradability (based on Ecetoc test No 28, June 1988) and

biological oxygen demand (BOD) shall be provided,

— all the available documentation shall be provided concerning the data which are presented on biodegradation,

removal,

long-term effects (NOEC data) on fish, daphina magna, algae,

— the reference for the relevant tests shall be the appropriate Annexes to Directive 67/548/EEC.

The provisions of Appendix I, Part B shall apply, as appropriate.

In particular, if complete data concerning long-term effects (NOEC) are not available, the relevant simplified procedures
described in Appendix I, Part B shall be applied.

Where appropriate, alternative data may be accepted if their equivalence is accepted by the competent body assessing the
application.

2.4. Other ecological criteria concerning ingredients

Certain specific ingredients shall not exceed a maximum content in the detergent formulation or shall not be used, as
specified below:

(a) the total weight of ingredients (1), which are or may be classified as dangerous for aquatic environment and assigned
the risk phrase R50 (very toxic for aquatic organisms) according to Directive 67/548/EEC shall not be higher than
10 g/wash;

(b) the total weight of ingredients which are or may be classified as dangerous for the environment and be assigned the
risk phrase R50 (very toxic for aquatic organisms) and R53 (may cause long-term adverse effects on the aquatic
environment) according to Directive 67/548/EEC shall not be higher than 0,25 g/wash;

(c) phosphonates shall not exceed 1 g/wash:

(d) surfactants from the alkylphenolethoxylates family (APEO), perfumes containing the aromatic nitro compounds
referred to in Appendix II, the complex formation agent EDTA and ingredients classified as carcinogenic, toxic to
reproduction and mutagenic according to Directive 67/548/EEC shall not be used.

2.5. Ecological criteria on product packaging

Only primary packaging is considered. The packaging of the detergent shall consist of lightweight packaging or a
container (cardboard/plastic box or plastic bottle).

If the detergent is provided in a container (box or bottle), the manufacturer shall provide refills.

The weight of the lightweight packaging or the refill packaging shall not exceed 1,7 g/wash.

(1) ‘Ingredients’ means either substances or preparations.

L 187/58

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The weight of the container shall not exceed 7 g/wash.

The cardboard packaging shall be 80 % recycled packaging and the plastic packaging shall be labelled according to
ISO 1043.

3. PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

The product shall be compared in its washing performance with reference detergents of the same type according to the
EU eco-detergents performance test.

The product shall fulfil the minimum requirements set in this test.

4. TESTING

4.1. Test on purity of enzymes to verify the absence of production organisms

A test on the purity of enzymes has to be performed on enzymes that are produced by biotechnological processes and
used in laundry detergents applying for the eco-label. It is the aim of this test to assure that production organisms are not
contained in the final enzyme preparation. The growth of micro-organisms is tested together with specified antibiotics.
The test procedure on purity shall ensure that no production organism is detected in a 20 ml standard test sample of the
final enzyme product.

4.2. Testing laboratories

The testing shall be performed at the expense of the applicant by laboratories that meet the general requirements laid out
in the EN 45001 standards or any equivalent systems.

5. CONSUMER INFORMATION

5.1. Information on packaging

The following information shall appear on or in the packaging:

‘ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY WASHING MEANS:

Step 1: pre-sort laundry (e.g. by colour, degree of soiling, type of fibre)

Step 2: wash with full

load

Step 3: avoid using too much detergent, follow dosage instructions

Step 4: choose low-temperature washing cycles’.

More information on the detergent shall be made available on request. For this purpose, a sentence should appear on the
packaging saying that if the consumer wants to know more about the detergent, he should call (or write to) the consumer
department of the company or the retailer.

In order to encourage the consumer to avoid using too much detergent and to follow dosage instruction, a dosage device
(cup) showing a scale of at least 10 ml steps shall be available on request if it is not included in the packaging.

The following information shall appear on the packaging:

‘This product has been awarded the EU eco-label because it contributes to the reduction of water pollution, waste production and energy
consumption. For more information about the EU eco-label, visit the internet website: http://europa.eu.int/ecolabel’.

5.2. Dosage instructions

Dosage recommendations shall appear on the product packaging, together with a recommendation to the consumer to
contact his water supplier or local authority in order to find out the degree of hardness of his tap water.

The recommended dosages must be specified for ‘normally’ and ‘heavily’ soiled textiles and the various water hardness
ranges relevant for the countries concerned and referred as appropriate to the weight of textile. If dosage instructions are
given by way of dosage device, the volume of the device (in ml) should also appear clearly on the packaging.

The washing efficiency shall be indicated and relate to ‘normally soiled’ and the various water hardness ranges considered.

The dosage recommendations between water hardness range 1 (soft) — ‘normally soiled’ and highest water hardness range
(3 or 4) — ‘heavily soiled’ may not differ by more than a factor of 2.

20. 7. 1999

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Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/59

The reference dosage used for the washing performance test and for the calculation of ecological criteria shall be the same
as the recommended dosage for ‘normally soiled’ and the water hardness range corresponding to 2,5 mmol CaCO
/l in the
3
Member State in which the test has been performed.

If only water hardness lower that 2,5 mmol CaCO
3/l are included in the recommendations, the maximum dosage
recommended for ‘normally soiled’ shall be lower than the reference dosage mentioned in the previous paragraph.

5.3. Information and labelling of ingredients

Commission recommendation 89/542/EEC (1) of 13 September 1989 concerning the labelling of detergents and cleaning
agents must be applied:

The following groups of ingredients shall be labelled independently from their mass content:

— Enzymes:

indication of enzymes (e.g. protease,

lipase).

— Preservation agents: characterisation and labelling according to IUPAC nomenclature.

— Disinfectants: characterisation and labelling according to IUPAC nomenclature.

If the product contains perfumes,

it shall be indicated on the packaging.

(1) OJ L 291, 10.10.1989, p. 55.

L 187/60

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Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

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EN

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Official Journal of the European Communities

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EN

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EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/65

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L 187/66

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

Appendix II

DEFINITIONS RELATED TO THE ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA

1. Total chemicals

The Total chemicals criterion is calculated using the dosage minus the water content in g/wash.

2. Critical dilution volume toxicity (CDV

tox)

The CDV
(LF) and long-term effects (LTE) in the DID-list in l/wash:

tox

is calculated for each ingredient i in the formulation according to the respective data for loading factors

CDV

tox (ingredient i) =

weight/wash (i) × LF (i)
LTE (i)

× 1 000

The CDVtox

of the product is the sum of all

ingredients CDV

tox

in l/wash.

3. Phosphates (as STPP)

Weight per wash of all

inorganic phosphates expressed as STPP,

in g/wash.

4. Insoluble inorganics

Weight per wash of all

ingredients which are insoluble inorganics (see DID-list) in g/wash.

5. Soluble inorganics

Weight per wash of all

ingredients which are soluble inorganics (see DID-list) in g/wash.

6. Non-biodegradable organics (aerobic)

Weight per wash of all

ingredients which are aerobically non-biodegradable organics (see DID-list)

in g/wash.

7. Non-biodegradable organics (anaerobic)

Weight per wash of all ingredients which are non-biodegradable using respective correction factors (see DID-list) in
g/wash.

8. Biological oxygene demand (BOD)

The BOD of each ingredients i shall be calculated in g O/wash according to the respective data for THOD in the DID
list:

BOD (ingredient i) = weight / wash (i) × BOD (i) in g O/wash

The BOD of the product is the sum of all ingredients BOD in g O /wash. THOD applies only to biodegradable
compounds.

9. Heavy duty

Heavy duty detergents put emphasis on the washing performance (soil, stain removal). A detergent shall be
(low
considered as heavy duty unless claims made by the manufacturer predominantly promote ‘fabric care’
temperature wash, delicate fibres and colours).

10. Nitro musk

Musk xylene: 5-tert-butyl-2, 4, 6-trinito-m-xylene

Musk ambrette: 4-tert-butyl-3-methoxy-2, 6-dinitrotoluene

Moskene: 1, 1, 3, 3, 5-pentamethyl-4, 6-dinitroindan

Musk tibetine: 1-tert-butyl-3, 4, 5-trimethyl-2, 6-dinitrobenzene

Musk ketone: 4'-tert-butyl-2', 6'-dimethyl-3', 5'-dinitroacetaphenone

20. 7. 1999

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

L 187/67

Appendix III

Data and information required from the applicant by the competent body receiving the application for an
Eco-Label

1.1. Declaration of product formulation and calculation of criteria

The competent body shall require from the manufacturer applying for the eco-label submission of:

— the exact formulation of the product,

— the exact chemical description of ingredients (e.g. identification according to IUPAC, CAS No, sum and structural
formulae, purity, type and percentage of impurities, additives; for mixtures, for example surfactants: DID number,
composition and spectrum of distribution homologues, isomers, and trade names); analytical evidence of the
composition of surfactants,

— the exact tonnage of product which is put on the market (reporting on 1 March, related to the year before),

— the detailed calculation of the criteria,

— a summary test report on the purity of enzymes according to point 4.1 of the Annex to this Decision and a

certification on the non-content of production organisms has to be provided,

— a declaration that:

— the product does not contain the surfactant alkylphenothoxylate (APEO), perfumes containing the aromatic
nitro compounds referred to in Appendix II, the complex formation agent EDTA and ingredients classified as
carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic as defined in Directives 67/548/EEC and 88/379/EEC,

— phosphonates do not exceed 1 g /wash.

1.2. Washing performance test

The applicant shall submit the results of the EUECO-detergents performance test to the competent body.

1.3. Dosage equipment, packaging and consumer information

In order to prove compliance with the abovementioned requirements, the packages of the product and dosage device
shall be required by the competent body from the applicant for the product considered.

In case of differences with respect to different national markets, and different packaging sizes, all these data will be
required.

1.4. Application for the eco-label on detergents

The national competent body may audit the applicant company on site and visit the production and packaging
facilities.

The competent body itself shall ensure that applications are presented according to the relevant requirements of
Regulation (EEC) No 880/92 and the procedural requirements.

L 187/68

EN

Official Journal of the European Communities

20. 7. 1999

Appendix IV

TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS

APEO:

alkyl phenol ethoxylates

BOD:

biological oxygen demand

CDV

:

tox

critical dilution volume (toxicity)

CF:

DID:

DIN:

EOs:

EC

:
50

correction factor

detergent ingredients database

Deutsches Institut für Normung

ethoxy groups

effect concentration (concentration at which 50 % of the organisms show an effect in defined time)

ECETOC: European Centre for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals

EDTA:

ethylene diamine tetra acetate

IUPAC:

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

IEC:

ISO:

LC

50:
LTE:

International Electrotechnical Commission

International Standards Organisation

lethal concentration (concentration at which 50 % of test organisms show lethal effect in defined time)

long-term effect

NOEC:

no observed effect concentration (in a chronic test)

P

ow:
QSARs:

partition coefficient octanol/water

quantitative structure activity relationships

RB:

ready biodegradability

STPP:

sodium tripolyphosphate

THOD:

theoretical oxygen demand

UF:

WF:

uncertainty factor

weighting factor