1999/10/EC: Commission Decision of 18 December 1998 establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the Community eco-label to paints and varnishes (notified under document number C(1998) 4257) (Text with EEA relevance)
Date: 1998-12-18
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: ISO, dangerous substance, eco-label, international standard, paints and varnishes, product safety

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COMMISSION DECISION

of 18 December 1998

establishing the ecological criteria for the award of the Community eco-label to
paints and varnishes

(notified under document number C(1998) 4257)

(Text with EEA relevance)

(1999/10/EC)

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

substances or preparations in so far as they meet the
objectives of the Community eco-label award scheme;

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European
Community,

Having regard to Council Regulation (EEC) No 880/92 of
23 March 1992 on a Community eco-label award
scheme (1), and in particular the second subparagraph of
Article 5(1) thereof,

the Commission
Whereas, by Decision 96/13/EEC (2),
the
established ecological criteria for
Community eco-label
to paints and varnishes, which,
according to Article 3 thereof, expire 14 December 1998;

the award of

Whereas it is appropriate to adopt a new decision estab-
lishing criteria for this product group, which will be valid
for a further period of three years after the expiry of the
period of validity of the previous criteria;

Whereas it is appropriate to revise the criteria that were
established by Decision 96/13/EEC in order to reflect the
developments in the market;

Whereas the first subparagraph of Article 5(1) of Regula-
tion (EEC) No 880/92 provides that the conditions for the
award of the Community eco-label shall be defined by
product group;

Whereas Article 10(2) of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92
states that the environmental performance of a product
shall be assessed by reference to the specific criteria for
product groups;

Whereas Article 4(2)(a) of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92
states that an eco-label may not be awarded to products
which are
classified as
substances or preparations
dangerous in accordance with Council Directive 67/
548/EEC (3), as last amended by Commission Directive
97/69/EC (4) and Council Directive 88/379/EEC (5), as last
amended by Commission Directive 93/18/EEC (6), but
it may be awarded to products containing such
that

(1) OJ L 99, 11. 4. 1992, p. 1.
(2) OJ L 4, 6. 1. 1996, p. 8.
(3) OJ L 196, 16. 8. 1967, p. 1.
(4) OJ L 343, 13. 12. 1997, p. 19.
(5) OJ L 187, 16. 7. 1988, p. 14.
(6) OJ L 104, 29. 4. 1993, p. 46.

Whereas paints and varnishes contain substances or prep-
the Directives
arations classified as dangerous under
mentioned above;

Whereas
the ecological criteria established by this
Decision include restrictions limiting to a minimum the
substances and preparations classified as
content of
dangerous in paints and varnishes which may be awarded
on eco-label;

Whereas paints and varnishes fulfilling these criteria have
therefore reduced environmental impact and meet the
objectives of the Community eco-label award scheme;

Whereas in accordance with Article 6 of Regulation (EEC)
No 880/92, the Commission has consulted the principal
interest groups within a consultation forum;

Whereas the measures set out in this Decision are in
accordance with the opinion of the committee set up
under Article 7 of Regulation (EEC) No 880/92,

HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:

Article 1

The product group ‘indoor paints and varnishes' shall
mean:

‘Indoor paints and varnishes for do-it-yourself and
professional users'.

Article 2

The environmental performance and the fitness for use of
the product group as defined in Article 1 shall be assessed
by reference to the specific ecological and fitness-for-use
criteria set out in the Annex.

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Article 3

Article 5

The product group definition and the criteria for the
product group as defined in Article 1 shall be valid for a
period of three years from the first day of the month
following the adoption.

Article 4

For administrative purposes, the code number assigned to
the product group as defined in Article 1 shall be ‘007'.

This Decision is addressed to the Member States.

Done at Brussels, 18 December 1998.

For the Commission

Ritt BJERREGAARD

Member of the Commission

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ANNEX

A. FRAMEWORK

In order to be awarded an eco-label, paints and varnishes shall comply with the criteria of this document,
which are aimed at promoting:

— reduction of discharges of toxic or otherwise polluting substances into waters,
— reduction of environmental damage or risks by reducing air emissions,
— efficient use of the product and the minimisation of waste.

General

Products shall be in accordance with Council Regulation (EEC) No 880/92 on a Community eco-label award
scheme and with the following criteria during the entire period covered by the contract with the competent
body for the award of the label.

Some of the criteria outlined below are dependent on:

— the kind of product: paint or varnish as defined in Appendix 1,

— the class of paint: class 1 or class 2, as defined below.

Field of application

As far as paints are concerned the following, in particular, are included in the field of application:

— decorative indoor paints in liquid or paste formulas which may have been pre-conditioned, tinted or

prepared by the manufacturer to meet the consumer’s needs,

— products which are tinted by distributors at the request of amateur or professional decorators.

The following products are excluded from the field of application:

— floor coatings,
— anti-corrosion coatings,
— anti-fouling coatings,
— wood preservation products,
— wood stains,
— coating for particular industrial uses,
— facade coatings.

Classification of products

Paints are classified according to their specular gloss. Two classes are defined:

— class 1: paints with a specular gloss below or equal to 45 units at a = 60(cid:190) (1),
— class 2: paints with a specular gloss above 45 units at a = 60(cid:190) (1).

Criteria applicable to class 2 paints are also applicable to varnishes.

Community eco-label requirements on paints and varnishes take into account this classification, particularly
for criteria No 2 (volatile organic compounds content), No 3 (volatile aromatic hydrocarbons content), No 6A
(hiding power) and No 6B (resistance to liquids).

B. ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA

Criterion No 1: White pigments (see definition 2 in Appendix 1)

(applicable to paints)

The paint will have a white pigments content lower or equal to 40 g per m2 of dry film, with 98 % opacity.

Measurement of product necessary to cover 1 m2 area with a 98 % opacity will be made in accordance with
ISO 6504/1 method (see also criterion No 6A).

(1) Specular gloss measurements are carried out in accordance with the ISO 2813 method.

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Three types of white pigments consistent with the definition 2 given in Appendix 1 are usually used for the
product group: titanium dioxide (TiO
), lithopone and zinc oxide.
2

In the case of TiO2
production of white pigments:

, the following criteria will apply for emissions and discharges of wastes related to the

— SO
emissions (expressed as SO
x
2
— sulphate wastes lower than 20 g per m2 of dry film (98 % opacity),
— chlorine wastes lower than 5, 9 and 18 g per m2 of dry film (98 % opacity) respectively for neutral rutile,

) lower than 300 mg per m2 of dry film (98 % opacity),

synthetic rutile and slag ores.

Criterion No 2: Volatile organic compounds content (VOC)

(definition 3 in Appendix 1)

Maximum volatile organic compounds content depends on the product:

2A. For class 1 paints:

VOC content will be lower or equal to 30 g/l (minus water).

2B. For varnishes and class 2 paints:

VOC content will be lower or equal to 200 g/l (minus water) (1).

VOC content unit used is ‘mass in grams of VOC per litre of product (g/l minus water)'.

Criterion No 3: Volatile aromatic hydrocarbons (applicable to all products)

(see definition 4 in

Appendix 1)

Maximum aromatic content depends on the product:

3A. For class 1 paints:

Volatile aromatic content will be lower or equal to 0,2 % of the product (m/m).

3B. For varnishes and class 2 paints:

Volatile aromatic content will be lower or equal to 0,5 % of the product (m/m).

Criterion No 4: Absence of heavy metals (applicable to all products)

Ingredients (substances or preparations) used in the formula shall not contain the following heavy metals:

— cadmium,
— lead,
— chromium VI,
— mercury,
— arsenic.

Ingredients may however contain impurities or traces deriving from raw materials. Those shall not be
considered when assessing an application for the award of the eco-label.

Criterion No 5: Dangerous substances (applicable to all products)

Ingredients (substances or preparations) used in paints and varnishes shall not be classified as:

— carcinogenic,
— mutagenic,
— toxic for reproduction,
— toxic (2),
— very toxic (2).

(1) In the case of paints for which the manufacturer demonstrates, using ISO test 6504/l method, that the paint has a
superior covering performance of at least 15 m2/l at 98 % opacity, then up to 250 g/l (minus water) of VOC content is
permitted. The manufacturer should explain and draw attention to this superior performance on the can.

(2) Ingredients used as preservatives in the formula may contain substances classified as dangerous for the environment,

toxic or very toxic for human health up to a limit of 0,1 % of the total paint formulation.

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Furthermore the product shall not contain plasticisers classified as dangerous for the environment, as defined
in Council Directive 67/548/EEC (1), as last amended by Commission Directive 97/69/EC (2).

C. FITNESS-FOR-USE CRITERIA

Eco-label requirements may not ‘compromise product or workers’ safety or significantly affect the properties
which make a product fit for use' (Council Regulation (EEC) No 880/92). The following fitness-for-use criteria
are intended to guarantee to the consumer that awarded products have as satisfactory qualities from the point
of view of fitness for use as other products from the same group.

Criterion No 6: Fitness for use

Fitness-for-use criteria differ according to the kind of product: paint (class 1 and 2) or varnish.

6A. For paints (class 1 and 2): hiding power

Paints shall have a hiding power (area to be covered) greater than or equal to 7 m2 to be achieved by one litre
of product (3).

6B. For varnishes: resistance to liquid

Varnishes shall have satisfactory resistance to water for one hour at ambient temperature (4).

D. CONSUMER INFORMATION

Criterion No 7: Use of the product (applicable to all products)

The packaging should state clearly that the product is intended for indoor use.

Criterion No 8: Water pollution coming from the cleaning of application tools (applicable to all

products)

The packaging should display recommendations for cleaning of tools in order to limit water pollution. These
recommendations will be adapted by the paint manufacturer to the type of product in question.

Criterion No 9: Solid waste (applicable to all products)

In order to limit solid waste (residues and can), the packaging shall display recommendations concerning
product storage conditions after opening.

The product must bear the following information on the packaging:

This product qualifies for the EU eco-label, because: it contributes to the reduction of water
pollution, air pollution and waste.

Appendix 1

DEFINITIONS

The following definitions apply within the scope of the present product group:

1. Paints and varnishes

Paints and varnishes are defined as products, which are applied in thin covering layers onto a surface of wood,
stone, metal or other material for the purpose of protecting and/or beautifying that surface. After application,
the paint or vanish dries to a solid, adherent and protective coating.

Paints are characterised by their hiding power.

Varnishes are characterised by their lack of hiding power: they are transparent.

(1) OJ 196, 16. 8. 1967, p. 1.
(2) OJ L 343, 13. 12. 1997, p. 19.
(3) Hiding power measurements are carried out following the ISO 6504/1 method.
(4) Resistance to liquid measurements are carried out in accordance with ISO 2812/1 — method 3.

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2. White pigments

White inorganic pigments with a refractive index higher than 1,8.

3. Volatile organic compound (VOC)

Any organic compound with, at normal conditions for pressure, a boiling point (or initial boiling point) lower
than or equal to 250 (cid:190)C.

4. Volatile aromatic hydrocarbon

Any hydrocarbon with, at standard conditions for pressure, a boiling point lower or equal to 250 (cid:190)C and
having at least one aromatic nucleus in its developed structural formula.

5. Substances

Means chemical elements and their compounds, as they occur in the natural state or as produced by industry,
whether in solid or liquid or gaseous form.

6. Preparation

Means mixtures or solutions composed of two or more substances.

7. Product/product range

The product is understood as paint or a varnish, to be submitted to the whole assessment procedure.

The product range includes the base and the product based on it.

8. Tinting system

A tinting system is made up of a white, medium or neutral base and coloured pastes with which, by means of
pre-programmed mixing, it is possible to obtain all the shades of colour specific to that brand of product and
range.

Appendix 2

STANDARD REFERENCES

ISO 2812-1 ‘Paints and varnishes — determination of resistance to liquids — Part 1: general methods'.

ISO 2813 ‘Paints and varnishes — measurement of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees, 60
degrees and 85 degrees'.

ISO 6504/1 ‘Paints and varnishes — determination of hiding power — Part 1: Kubelka-Munt method for
white and light-coloured paints'.