Legislative resolution embodying Parliament's opinion on the proposal and amended proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998-2002) (COM(97)0142 C4-0186/97 + COM(97)0439 C4-0410/ 97 97/0119(COD))
Date: 1997-12-18
Institutions: Committee on Industry, Research and Energy, European Parliament
Subjects: EU financing, EU programme, EU research policy, research, research and development, research expenditure (EU), technological change













EUR-Lex - 51997AP0396 - EN






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51997AP0396

Legislative resolution embodying Parliament's opinion on the proposal and amended proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998-2002) (COM(97)0142 C4-0186/97 + COM(97)0439 C4-0410/ 97 97/0119(COD))  


Official Journal C 014 , 19/01/1998 P. 0128 





A4-0396/97Proposal and amended proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998-2002) (COM(97)0142 - C4-0186/97 + COM(97)0439 - C4-0410/97 - 97/0119(COD))The proposal was approved with the following amendments:(Amendment 1)Recital 1a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the enlargement of the European Union will increase the need for sustained efforts to support the research and education sector and, in particular, to enhance mobility in that sector;(Amendment 2)Recital 1b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas, therefore, the next Community financial perspective should give high priority to Heading 3;(Amendment 3)Recital 3a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas, following the Commission's Communication on 'Achieving coordination through cooperation' of November 1994, the Council concluded in June 1995 that appropriate steps should be taken to promote cooperation and coordination between Member States;(Amendment 4)Recital 4>Original text>Whereas the objectives of the Community's research and technological development policy reflect current thinking about challenges which the Community must meet and the opportunities which it intends to address relating, as a matter of priority, to the problems of society, industrial competitiveness, job creation, quality of life, globalization of knowledge, contributing to the development and implementation of the Community's policies in line with Article 130f(1) of the Treaty, and the role of the Community in the world as a focal point of scientific and technological excellence;>Text following EP vote>Whereas the objectives of the Community's research and technological development policy reflect current thinking about challenges which the Community must meet and the opportunities which it intends to address relating, as a matter of priority, to the improvement of the international competitiveness of European industry by means of scientific and technological research and development to increase economic growth and, hence, to support an increase in the number of jobs available, simultaneously contributing to the development and implementation of the Community's policies in line with Article 130f(1) of the Treaty and strengthening the role of the Community in the world as a focal point of scientific and technological excellence;(Amendment 5)Recital 4a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas a research programme which is designed to meet social and economic needs must as far as possible be demand-driven, and whereas, alongside efforts to ensure maximum participation by users in the individual project consortia, additional guarantees are required in order to implement this approach;(Amendment 6)Recital 7a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the Community's main international partners are increasing their spending on research and technological development;(Amendments 7 and 112)Recital 8>Original text>Whereas it is appropriate, in this same framework, to place special emphasis on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which generate a great deal of employment, on the diffusion and transfer of results, on innovation and on the training and mobility of researchers;>Text following EP vote>Whereas small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can make a substantial contribution to the process of innovation and job creation, and should play a major role in the implementation of Community R & D actions; whereas it is therefore desirable to pay special attention to the specific needs of such enterprises so as to promote their effective participation in Community programmes and their ability to benefit from them; whereas it is appropriate to place special emphasis on the diffusion and transfer of results and on the training and mobility of researchers; whereas such actions should have an increasing impact on the less- favoured regions and countries;(Amendment 8)Recital 8a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas research and technological development can stimulate economic growth and as a result lead to the creation of lasting employment;(Amendment 9)Recital 8b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas, in accordance with Article 130h of the Treaty, Member States should be actively encouraged to coordinate their research and technological development activities;(Amendment 10)Recital 8c (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the HCM programme has done a great deal to promote the mobility of researchers. As a result, it has exposed a need to enable young and gifted researchers to break new ground in their field;(Amendment 11)Recital 8d (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas specific grants, focusing on the researcher or a small group of researchers, rather than the large project structure which is today more common in Community projects, would serve to fulfil this need. They would by their nature be independent of subject area or of research institution. The only criteria would be the novelty and scientific quality of the proposed work;(Amendment 12)Recital 8e (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas, if the young, gifted and innovative researcher goes beyond his/her research goals, and starts independently to seek innovative business potential in technology, today's R& D instruments give very little means to release small grants very quickly, to stimulate the development of such ideas. Such young innovator grants should be introduced, to stimulate Europe's innovative spirit at grass-roots;(Amendment 13)Recital 9>Original text>Whereas the formulation and implementation of the Community's policies and actions must take into account the objectives related to economic and social cohesion; whereas, in accordance with this principle, the framework programme must contribute to the harmonious development of the Community while maintaining scientific excellence as an essential criterion; whereas it is therefore necessary to strengthen the synergy between research and technological development activities and the action undertaken by the Community through the structural funds;>Text following EP vote>Whereas the formulation and implementation of the Community's policies and actions must take into account the objectives related to economic and social cohesion; whereas, in accordance with this principle, the framework programme must contribute to the harmonious development of the Community while maintaining scientific excellence as the basic and binding essential criterion in the selection of individual research projects; whereas it is therefore necessary to strengthen the synergy between research and technological development activities and the action undertaken by the Community through the structural funds wherever this is possible and is not achieved at the expense of the scientific excellence of the support for research; whereas the Member States are particularly responsible for such coordination;(Amendment 14)Recital 10>Original text>Whereas, in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality as provided for in Article 3b of the Treaty, the objectives of Community research and technological development policy reflected in the fifth framework programme cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States, since they require the establishment of a critical mass in human and financial terms and a combination of expertise exceeding the confines of a single Member State; whereas these objectives can therefore, in view of the multiplier effects that they generate, be better achieved at Community level; whereas this Decision is limited to the minimum required to achieve these objectives and does not exceed what is necessary to this end;>Text following EP vote>Whereas, in accordance with the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality as provided for in Article 3b of the Treaty, the objectives of Community research and technological development policy reflected in the fifth framework programme cannot be sufficiently achieved, at the level of the Member States; whereas, because of their scale or their effects, they may be better achieved at Community level; whereas this Decision is limited to the minimum required to achieve these objectives and does not exceed what is necessary to this end;(Amendment 15)Recital 11>Original text>Whereas the Community's financial participation in the actions of the framework programme may be varied at the level of the specific programmes according to the nature of the activities concerned and the proximity of the market, in specific and duly justified cases, in compliance with international rules and the provisions of the Community framework for State aid for research and development, in particular points 5.12 and 5.13 thereof;>Text following EP vote>Whereas the Community's financial participation in the actions of the framework programme may be varied at the level of the specific programmes in accordance with the principles laid down in this Decision, especially in Annex IV thereto, in compliance with international rules and the provisions of the Community framework for State aid for research and development, in particular points 5.12 and 5.13 thereof;(Amendment 16)Recital 11a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the budgetary authority will make every effort to reach the maximum overall amounts, provided that the financial perspective for the forthcoming period is compatible with the justified requirements of all the other policies;(Amendment 17)Recital 11b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas it will be necessary to revise the maximum overall amount provided for the fifth framework programme upon the accession of new Member States before the expiry of the framework programme;(Amendment 162)Recital 11c (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the administrative expenditure arising from research activities has to be financed within the general amount fixed for the framework programme, but has to be budgetized in a transparent way; whereas the budgetary authority requires from the Commission a comparable detailed analysis of administrative expenditure and of its implementation throughout the budget;(Amendment 18)Recital 11d (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas, with a view to boosting the overall competitiveness of Community industry and services and deriving greater benefit from the contributions from public funds, it is necessary to recognize the need to establish more harmonized rules and simplified procedures for participation in the programmes;(Amendment 19)Recital 13>Original text>Whereas, in the implementation of the fifth framework programme, a fair balance must be struck within the themes and in particular between the activities for research and development of generic technologies and the key actions, between the different themes of the fifth framework programme, and between the fifth framework programme and any other instrument with a direct or indirect link with the latter;>Text following EP vote>Deleted(Amendment 20)Recital 13a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas promoting sustainable growth for Europe's economy and sustainable competitiveness for its industry in particular requires strengthening its scientific and technological basis with a medium- to long-term perspective;(Amendment 21)Recital 13b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas it is right to incorporate environmental objectives throughout the framework programme;(Amendment 22)Recital 13c (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the Community equal opportunities policy, both in the field of research and in other Community policies, must be taken into account at every stage of the drawing up and implementation of the fifth framework programme;(Amendment 23)Recital 14a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas a structure of regional technology centres could be envisaged as the first point of contact in a Community strategy of technology dissemination;(Amendment 24)Recital 14b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas a stronger link between research and the Community structural or regional funds would make it possible to secure a quantitative increase in research funding; whereas similar opportunities relate to the PHARE and TACIS programmes, where the funds could be used to strengthen R& D activities in the whole of Eastern Europe.(Amendment 25)Recital 16a (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the European Parliament, as a decision-making body for future research programmes, has a responsibility to follow the progress of the framework programme during its implementation by the Commission;(Amendment 26)Recital 17a (new)>Text following EP vote>Having regard to the urgent need to draw up a European statute for grant holders and researchers, as an essential instrument for the realization of the second action;(Amendment 27)Recital 17b (new)>Text following EP vote>Whereas the reviews of the specific programmes contain a number of recommendations, in particular regarding management of the programmes and the way in which strategic direction is achieved and maintained; whereas these recommendations should be implemented in the fifth framework programme.(Amendment 28)Article -1 (new)>Text following EP vote>Article -1The research which receives support under the fifth framework programme shall pursue the objective of optimizing the quality of life of Community citizens and scientific and technological conditions for the international competitiveness of the EU, at the same time meeting the criterion of ecological sustainability, thereby clearing the way for more effective use of resources in a sustainable, stable ecological system.(Amendment 29)Article 1(2), 1st subparagraph>Original text>2. The fifth framework programme shall, in accordance with Article 130g of the Treaty, comprise four Community activities. The first Community activity shall relate to the following three themes:>Text following EP vote>2. The fifth framework programme shall, in accordance with Article 130g of the Treaty, comprise four Community activities. The first Community activity shall relate to the following four themes:>Original text>(a) unlocking the resources of the living world and the ecosystem;>Text following EP vote>(a) life sciences and technologies;>Original text>(b) creating a user-friendly information society;>Text following EP vote>(b) information and communication technologies;>Original text>(c) promoting competitive and sustainable growth.>Text following EP vote>(c) transport - mobility - production;>Text following EP vote>(d) energy - environment - sustainable development (jointly with the fifth framework programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) for research and training activities):(i) energy for the future(ii) environment, cultural heritage and sustainable development(Amendment 31)Article 2(1)>Original text>1. The maximum overall amount for Community financial participation in the fifth framework programme shall be ECU 14 833 million.>Text following EP vote>1. The maximum overall amount for Community financial participation in the fifth framework programme shall be ECU 15 400 million. If this amount is consistent with the financial perspective in the period 2000-2002, it shall be deemed to be confirmed, otherwise the appropriations allocated annually by the budgetary authority shall correspond to the financial perspective for the year in question.(Amendment 32)Article 2(1a) (new)>Text following EP vote>1a. The amount referred to in Article 2(1) may be revised in the event of the accession of new Member States before the expiry of the framework programme.(Amendment 163)Article 2(2a)(new)>Text following EP vote>2a. All administrative expenditure arising from the research activities shall be paid from the overall amount available for the programme. It shall be presented as other comparable administrative expenditure is in the budget of the Union. The Commission shall provide each year with the preliminary draft budget comparable detailed analyses of administrative expenditure and its implementation in all sub-sections of its budget.(Amendment 33)Article 3(1)>Original text>1. The fifth framework programme shall be implemented through seven specific programmes, three of which correspond to the three themes of the first Community activity, three are linked to the second, third and fourth Community activities respectively, and one is a programme specific to the Joint Research Centre.>Text following EP vote>1. The fifth framework programme shall be implemented through eight specific programmes, four of which correspond to the four themes of the first Community activity, three are linked to the second, third and fourth Community activities respectively, and the eighth is a programme specific to the Joint Research Centre.>Original text>Each specific programme shall specify the detailed rules for its implementation, fix its duration and provide for the means deemed necessary.(Amendment 34)Article 3(1a) (new)>Text following EP vote>1a. Responsibility for the implementation of the fifth framework programme and of the specific programmes based thereon shall lie with the Commission which shall, in so doing, be supported by committees set up in accordance with Council Decision 87/373/EEC(1).>Text following EP vote>The agendas and complete minutes of the meetings of those committees, including the results of any votes, shall be published and notified to the European Parliament immediately, and at all events one month after the date of each meeting at the latest. The committees shall be linked together along subject lines, if appropriate through the establishment of task forces. In such cases the European Parliament shall be consulted. In addition, the Commission shall propose assessment guidelines setting out the principles to be used and the role of the experts and the Commission in selecting programmes and projects and a two-stage procedure for project assessment.>Text following EP vote>Other details, including the specific rules for the implementation, the duration and the appropriateness deemed necessary in the various areas of the specific programmes shall be laid down in the specific programmes themselves.>Text following EP vote>Where research activities relate to more than one specific programme, coordination mechanisms will be established. Appropriate procedures will be established to involve the various research players in the definition, implementation and adaptation of the scientific and technical work to be undertaken.____________(1) OJ L 197, 18.7.1987, p. 33.(Amendment 35)Article 3(2)>Original text>2. Implementation of the fifth framework programme may give rise, where necessary, to supplementary programmes within the meaning of Article 130k, to Community participation in research and development programmes undertaken by several Member States within the meaning of Article 1301, or to the setting-up of joint undertakings or any other structure within the meaning of Article 130n. It may also give rise to cooperation with third countries or international organizations within the meaning of Article 130m of the Treaty.>Text following EP vote>2. Implementation of the fifth framework programme may give rise, where necessary, to supplementary programmes within the meaning of Article 130k, to Community participation in research and development programmes undertaken by several Member States within the meaning of Article 1301, in particular including the COST actions and the EUREKA initiative, or to the setting-up of joint undertakings or any other structure within the meaning of Article 130n. It may also give rise to cooperation with third countries or international organizations within the meaning of Article 130m of the Treaty.(Amendment 36)Article 5(1)>Original text>1. The Commission shall examine each year, with the help of appropriately qualified independent experts, the implementation of the fifth framework programme and its specific programmes in the light of the criteria set out in particular in Annex I. It shall assess, in particular, whether the objectives, priorities and financial resources are still appropriate to the changing situation. Where appropriate, it shall submit proposals to adapt or supplement the framework programme and/or the specific programmes.>Text following EP vote>1. The Commission shall examine each year, with the help of appropriately qualified independent men and women experts, the implementation of the fifth framework programme and its specific programmes in the light of the objectives, priorities and financial resources laid down in this Decision and their administration. It shall forward the complete findings of that examination to the European Parliament and to the Council, for information. Where appropriate, it shall submit to the European Parliament and Council proposals to adapt or supplement the framework programme and/or the specific programmes. With regard to the key actions, the Commission shall set up committees, comprising representatives from the research field (business and research institutes) and users, to advise the Commission on the research portfolio in the area concerned by the key action. The Commission shall consult the representative bodies at European level when making appointments to the advisory committees.(Amendment 165)Article 5(1), 2nd subparagraph (new)>Text following EP vote>Halfway through the term of the fifth framework programme the Commission shall submit to the Council and the European Parliament, on the basis of the assessments of the various specific programmes, a proposal for the adaptation of the scientific and technological objectives and measures laid down in this Decision and their financing.(Amendment 37)Article 5(2)>Original text>2. Before submitting its proposal for a sixth framework programme, the Commission shall have an external assessment conducted by independent high-level experts into the implementation of Community activities carried out during the five years preceding that assessment in the light of the criteria set out in particular in Annex I. The Commission shall communicate the conclusions thereof, accompanied by its comments, to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.>Text following EP vote>2. Before submitting its proposal for a sixth framework programme, the Commission shall have an external assessment conducted by independent high-level experts into the implementation of Community activities carried out during the five years preceding that assessment in the light of the objectives, criteria and implementation of this Decision as well as of the specific programmes based thereon. The Commission shall also report on the implementation of the recommendations contained in the reviews of the different specific programmes. The Commission shall communicate that assessment, accompanied by its comments, to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.(Amendment 38)Article 5(3)>Original text>3. The independent experts referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be chosen by the Commission, which shall take account, in a balanced fashion, of the various research players.>Text following EP vote>3. The independent experts referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be chosen by the Commission. The Commission shall notify to the Council and the European Parliament the names of the proposed experts at least three months before their final appointment and shall justify that selection on the grounds of their expert and personal aptitude. The Council and the European Parliament may deliver an opinion thereon.>Text following EP vote>The Commission shall be further obliged to take account, in a balanced fashion, of the various research players, particularly those from the business world.>Text following EP vote>Experts from the Commission, JRC or JET shall only perform an advisory role, and the full list of experts will be transparent before appointment.(Amendment 39)Article 5(3a) (new)>Text following EP vote>3a. The European Parliament shall set up mechanisms allowing for scrutiny by its Members of the implementation of all parts of the framework programmes while not impinging upon the Commission's implementation role.(Amendment 40)Article 5a (new)>Text following EP vote>Article 5aEncouragement shall be given to the real and effective participation of SMEs in the programmes.>Text following EP vote>In particular, action shall be taken with a view to:>Text following EP vote>- establishing, as the general rule, consultation by the Commission of SMEs and/or their associations at all stages of the planning and implementation of programmes;>Text following EP vote>- encouraging high-quality leadership and genuine participation by SMEs in jointly funded projects;>Text following EP vote>- harmonizing administrative procedures, simplifying formalities and improving and accelerating contract and payment arrangements;>Text following EP vote>- continuing efforts to improve the transparency of the selection procedures and the make-up of the selection panels;>Text following EP vote>The Commission shall submit a detailed annual report to the European Parliament and the Council setting out, for each programme, the results obtained and the progress achieved in implementing the earlier measures.(Amendment 41)Article 6>Original text>All the research activities conducted pursuant to the fifth framework programme shall be carried out in compliance with fundamental ethical principles.>Text following EP vote>All the research activities conducted pursuant to the fifth framework programme shall be carried out in compliance with fundamental ethical principles including animal welfare requirements.(Amendment 42)Annex I>Original text>The implementation of the European Community's research and technological development policy is based on the twin principles of scientific and technological excellence and the relevance of research activities to the objectives of the Treaty establishing the European Community.>Text following EP vote>The devising of the European Community's research and technological development policy is based on the twin principle of scientific and technological excellence and the relevance of research activities to the Treaty establishing the European Community.>Original text>In pursuit of a cost-benefit approach dictated by concern for optimum allocation of European public funding, the choice of themes for the fifth framework programme and the related objectives is made on the basis of a set of common criteria, divided into three categories.>Text following EP vote>Regarding the financial management of the programme, a cost-benefit assessment is necessary in order to ensure the optimal selection of the activities to be funded.>Original text>Criteria related to social objectives:- improving the employment situation,- promoting the quality of life and health,- preserving the environment,in order to further major social objectives of the Community reflecting the expectations and concerns of its citizens.Criteria related to economic development and scientific and technological prospects:- areas which are expanding and create good growth prospects,- areas in which Community businesses can and must become more competitive,- areas in which prospects of significant technological progress are opening up.>Text following EP vote>The objectives of Community research policy shall be:- strengthening and improving the international position of Europe as an economic location- promoting and strengthening of economic growth whilst explicitly complying with the principle of sustainability- strengthening of the foundations for favourable labour market trends- improving the quality of life, public health, environmental protection, biodiversity and long- term ecological stability- promoting and contributing to economic and social cohesion>Original text>Criteria related to the Community 'value added' and the subsidiarity principle:- need to establish a 'critical mass' in human and financial terms, and the combination of the complementary expertise available in the various Member States,- significant contribution to the implementation of one or more Community policies,- addressing of problems arising at Community level or questions relating to aspects of standardization or connected with the development of the European area,so as to select only objectives which cannot be achieved through private research alone and are more effectively pursued at the Community level by means of research activities conducted at that level.>Text following EP vote>In its pursuit of those objectives, the Community, while respecting the principle of subsidiarity, shall intervene in support in particular where:- its activities result in 'European added value', for example where there is a need to establish a 'critical mass in human and financial terms and the combination of the complementary expertise available in Member States,- European research policy may make a significant contribution to the implementation of Union policy in one or more areas, and- problems arising at Community level, for example issues relating to the development of the European area or questions of standardization, require Community participation.>Text following EP vote>Beyond that, the European Community's research policy shall foster the participation of women in all fields of research and technological development.No EU research funding may be used in connection with the development or manufacture of weapons.>Original text>These criteria will be used, and where necessary supplemented, for the implementation of the fifth framework programme, in order to define the specific programmes and select the research and technological development activities, including demonstration activities.>Text following EP vote>These objectives, principles and concepts will be used, and where necessary supplemented, for the implementation of the fifth framework programme, as well as to define the specific programmes and select the research and technological development activities, including demonstration activities.(Amendment 43)Annex II (I), introduction, 2nd paragraph (new)>Text following EP vote>In setting the research priorities for the first activity, account will be taken of the interests and capacities of all the Member States, including the least advanced among them. The third and fourth activities will have an increasingly greater impact on the less-favoured regions and countries.(Amendment 44)Annex II (I)(1), 1st paragraph, 2nd indent>Original text>- activities for research and development of generic technologies,>Text following EP vote>- activities for research and development of generic sciences and technologies,(Amendment 110)Annex II (I)(1), 2nd paragraph a (new)>Text following EP vote>The activities carried out in the framework of key actions will ensure protection of the intellectual property of public research bodies.(Amendment 127)Annex II (I)(1)(a), 2nd paragraph>Original text>The research activities carried out in this context will cover the entire spectrum of activities needed to achieve the objectives, and range from basic research through development to demonstration>Text following EP vote>The research activities carried out in this context will cover the entire spectrum of activities needed to achieve the objectives, and range from basic research through development to demonstration and research into the socio-economic and ethical questions raised by these activities and their impact on society.(Amendment 46)Annex II (I)(1)(b)>Original text>(b) Activities for the research and development of generic technologies>Text following EP vote>(b) Activities for the research and development of generic sciences and technologies, basic research and interdisciplinary research>Original text>These activities, which are to be carried out in a limited number of areas selected, using the criteria set out in Annex I, will complement the key actions. Their main aim is to help the European Community maintain and improve the flow of ideas and knowledge and its technological capability in those areas of research and enabling technologies which have many and varied potential applications but are not covered by the key actions.>Text following EP vote>These activities will complement and link together the key actions and/or contribute towards the creation of the technological and technical bases for their implementation. Their aim is furthermore to help maintain and improve the flow of ideas and knowledge and technological capability from the areas of research and enabling technologies to those areas which are not covered directly by the key actions and to maintain and improve their many and varied potential applications.(Amendment 47)Annex II (I)(1)(c)>Original text>The aim is to encourage optimum use to be made of the Community's research infrastructure and to improve the consistency of the European research fabric.>Text following EP vote>The aim is to encourage optimum use to be made of the Community's research infrastructure and to improve the consistency of the European research fabric. In so doing, connections are to be established with appropriate measures of the Structural Funds and the PHARE, TACIS and MEDA Programmes.(Amendment 109)Annex II (I) (1)(c), 2nd subparagraph (new)>Text following EP vote>The activities designed to achieve this goal include as a matter of priority:>Text following EP vote>- networking and optimum use of the European Community's main research infrastructures,>Text following EP vote>- networking of centres of excellence based on public research and research by undertakings, in particular through use of interactive multimedia,>Text following EP vote>- establishment of experimental platforms and modular demonstrators, to test and validate new technologies in the framework of specific pilot projects leading to in-depth assessment in coordination with the European Community's Structural Funds and European Funds (European Investment Fund and European Investment Bank).(Amendment 48)Annex II (I)(1)(ca) (new)>Text following EP vote>(ca) The role of accompanying socio-economic research, technology transfer and mobility of researchers as an integral part of the first activity>Text following EP vote>Within all research activities as described in the first activity of this framework programme attention shall be paid and financial means shall be provided- to ensure accompanying research into the socio-economic consequences of the Community's research policy and its results,- to facilitate, foster and integrate the transfer of the results of the research carried out under this Framework Programme into industry and society with special attention to SMEs,- to promote research on the ethical and legal aspects of science and technology and their results,- to promote the mobility and participation of young researchers as an integrated part of the various research projects as described under 'First Activity'.(Amendment 114)Annex II (I)(2), 1st paragraph>Original text>The horizontal themes are at the crossroads of the European Community's research policy and respectively its external policy, innovation policy, policy on education and training and the promotion of personal mobility, and its social and employment policy.>Text following EP vote>The horizontal themes are at the crossroads of the European Community's research policy and respectively its external policy, innovation policy, policy on education and training and the promotion of equal opportunities between women and men, of personal mobility, and its social and employment policy..(Amendment 49)Annex II (I)(3)>Original text>The Joint Research Centre is the scientific and technical body which the Commission needs to perform the tasks that it is empowered to conduct. The scientific and technological objectives of its activities are located more especially in areas requiring impartial and independent expertise at European Community level and in areas related to the objectives of its main policies.>Text following EP vote>The Joint Research Centre is the scientific and technical body which the Commission needs to perform the tasks that it is empowered to conduct. The scientific and technological objectives of its activities are located more especially in areas requiring impartial and independent expertise at European Community level (for example in the cases of standardization) and in areas related to the objectives of its main policies.>Original text>These activities correspond to the scientific and technological objectives of the fifth framework programme described below, but must also respond to the requirements of, and changes in the various Community policies where these result in specific research and development requirements, in particular when the Joint Research Centre's neutrality is essential.>Text following EP vote>The Joint Research Centre will carry out these activities in close cooperation with:- the Union's scientific community, by strengthening links with the main research institutes and following a policy of publication in the scientific journals that are best qualified in the field concerned;- the Union's undertakings, by developing its role as a technology transfer centre. This entails: increased protection for intellectual property; introduction of profit-sharing procedures for the JRC in exploiting patents; and autonomy in managing target projects drawn up in close cooperation with the scientific authorities in each field, under objectives proposed by the directors of the JRC and approved by the Board of Governors.Furthermore, the European Parliament may refer specific research policy topics and tasks to the JRC.>Text following EP vote>The appropriations made available to the JRC constitute a maximum amount. In addition, the JRC may endeavour to secure funds from third organizations. Responsibility for the allocation of those resources to the various institutes and activities of the JRC lies with the JRC itself and shall be scrutinized by the Commission, Council and European Parliament as part of the assessment and in the light of the objectives and measures laid down in this Decision.>Text following EP vote>It is of the utmost importance that a periodic assessment should be carried out of the activities of the JRC on the basis of a list of criteria notified to all concerned in order to ensure that JRC research continues to contribute to the Community's research objectives and that the budget of the JRC is adjusted every two years on the basis of fulfilment of the objective evaluation criteria. Moreover, the JRC must obtain a higher percentage of its financial resources from contract research by means of competition with other research parties so that the quality of JRC research is promoted. In order to encourage the exchange of experience with universities, technological institutes and industry, the JRC will have more scope for recruiting researchers from those establishments on a temporary basis.(Amendments 50 and 115)Annex II (II), First Activity(1), title and introduction>Original text>1. Unlocking the resources of the living world and the ecosystem>Text following EP vote>1. Life sciences and technologies>Original text>Improving the quality of life and health and addressing environmental problems are major challenges and the Community plans to tackle them by helping to increase knowledge and develop technologies in the fields of the living world and the environment.At the same time, progress in this area will help to increase the competitiveness of the Community's enterprises by opening up new prospects in areas in which the Community already has a strong hand, such as biotechnology, agro-industry, and the fields of health and the environment.>Text following EP vote>Scientific and technological development in the life sciences, and in particular in genetic engineering, will continue to make very rapid progress.In this field, Europe must substantially increase its efforts in order to maintain and exploit the prospects which are opening up and, in this way, to benefit from the growth and employment impact arising therefrom.>Text following EP vote>Special emphasis will be placed on issues relating to women's health and the human reproductive process..(Amendment 51)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(i)>Original text>(i) The living world and the ecosystem (I):health and food>Text following EP vote>(i) Life sciences and technologies (I):health, food and environment>Original text>The aim of this key action is to promote the development of knowledge, technologies and methods, based on biotechnology, for example, to produce a safe, healthy, balanced and varied food supply for consumers. This requires as a priority:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to promote the development of knowledge, technologies and methods, based on biotechnology, for example, to produce a contribution to the fight against diseases related to the environment and food and the immense costs to health systems arising therefrom as well as a safe, healthy, balanced and varied food supply for consumers. This requires as a priority:>Original text>- the development of new processing methods to improve food quality,>Text following EP vote>- the development of new breeding, production and processing methods to improve food quality with regard to the ingredients and/or the keeping quality thereof,>Original text>- the development of tests to detect, and processes to eliminate infectious and toxic agents,>Text following EP vote>- the development of tests to detect, and processes to eliminate infectious and toxic agents throughout the food chain,>Text following EP vote>- the development of tests to detect and processes to prevent infectious diseases (resistance strategy),>Original text>- study of the role of food in preserving health, in particular from the point of view of nutrition, epidemiology and public health.>Text following EP vote>- research into the role of food in preserving and improving health, in particular from the point of view of foodstuffs, epidemiology and allergy research and in view of the increasing life expectancy of the population,>Text following EP vote>- research into diseases and allergies related to or influenced by the environment and research into their treatment and prevention.(Amendment 52)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(ii)>Original text>(ii) The living world and the ecosystem (II): control of viral and other infectious diseases>Text following EP vote>(ii) Life sciences and technologies (II): fight against transmissible and rare diseases>Original text>The priority objectives of this key action are the fight against Aids and control of the 'new plagues' (such as the reappearance of tuberculosis and the emergence of diseases linked to new or mutant agents). Close attention is to be paid to:>Text following EP vote>The priority objectives of this key action are the fight against Aids, research into and combating of the 'new plagues' (new or mutant agents) as well as research seeking a better understanding of the actions of the immune system. Close attention is to be paid to:>Original text>- the development of vaccines, especially against viral diseases;>Text following EP vote>- the development of new and more effective vaccines,>Original text>- treatment and prevention strategies;>Text following EP vote>- new and improved treatment and prevention strategies,>Original text>- aspects connected with public health and care-delivery systems.>Text following EP vote>- identification and treatment of rare diseases>Text following EP vote>- research into the phenomenon of increasing resistance to antibiotics>Text following EP vote>- research into new and old genomes.(Amendment 53)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(iii)>Original text>(iii) The living world and the ecosystem (III): the 'cell factory¨>Text following EP vote>(iii) Life sciences and technologies (III): the 'cell factory¨>Original text>This key action is aimed at helping the Community's enterprises exploit the advances made in life sciences and technologies, particularly in the fields of health and the environment. It is aimed at the development of multidisciplinary technologies based on exploitation of the properties of micro-organisms, plants and animals at the cellular and sub-cellular levels. The objective is to develop new bio-molecules with high added-value capable of enhancing the quality of life and health, including:>Text following EP vote>This key action is aimed at helping the Community's enterprises exploit the advances made in life sciences and technologies, particularly in the fields of health and the environment. It is aimed at the development of multidisciplinary technologies based on exploitation of the properties of micro-organisms, plants and animals at the cellular and sub-cellular levels. The objective is to understand the functioning of cells and to develop new bio-molecules with high added-value capable of enhancing the quality of life and health, including:>Original text>- new health products (for example, antibiotics and anti-cancer agents),>Text following EP vote>- new and innovative health processes and approaches including non-conventional ones and active substances and products (for example, antibiotics and anti- cancer agents both those derived from natural processes and synthetic);>Original text>- waste biotreatment processes,>Text following EP vote>- waste biotreatment processes,>Original text>- new biological processes for the agri-food industry.>Text following EP vote>- new biological and biotechnological processes in plant and animal breeding and for the agri-food industry,>Text following EP vote>- better and healthier general foodstuffs for humans and animals, and measures to combat allergies through primary and secondary prevention.(Amendment 54)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(iiia) (new)>Text following EP vote>(iiia) Life sciences and technologies (IIIa): 'Chemical and molecular biology bases'>Text following EP vote>The rapid development in the field of the chemical and molecular bases of life and of health and disease provides an opportunity for new applications for prevention, diagnosis and treatment.>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is, therefore, to extend the knowledge acquired to date in these areas, to improve and validate it and to develop corresponding processes and technologies, e.g. microbiological and gene therapy, which facilitate preventive and/or targeted and non aggressive treatment. To that end, efforts must be made in particular at the interface between chemical and biological research. Among the priority fields concerned are:>Text following EP vote>- genome analyses/bioinformatics,>Text following EP vote>- monitoring of patient groups for the analysis, definition and classification of genetically related or genetically influenced chronic diseases,>Text following EP vote>- research into the connection between genetic conditioning and environment-, nutrition- or behaviour-related influences on outbreaks of diseases, their course and on the possibilities for treating them.(Amendment 133)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(iv)>Text following EP vote>(To be included as a new point (3a)(b)(iv) in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme 'environment, sustainable development and cultural heritage¨)>Original text>(iv) The living world and the ecosystem (IV): management and quality of water>Text following EP vote>(iv) Management of water and related technologies>Original text>The aim of this key action is to produce the knowledge and technologies needed for the rational management of water resources for domestic needs and those of industry and agriculture. Among the priority fields concerned are:>Text following EP vote>Guaranteeing the sustainable use of water is one of the major tasks for the future. This key action concerns both environmental policy as well as the concepts for the development of rural areas and urban areas and is closely connected with the horizontal topic of 'global change'.Efforts will focus on:>Text following EP vote>- the social dimension of water, with reference to use and rational consumption,>Original text>- treatment and purification technologies,>Text following EP vote>- treatment and purification technologies, re-use and prevention of pollution,>Text following EP vote>- methods and instruments for integrated management of water resources,>Original text>- technologies for monitoring the quality and the level of groundwater and surface waters,>Text following EP vote>- monitoring technologies and techniques,>Original text>- surveillance, early warning and communication systems,>Text following EP vote>- development of indicators,>Original text>- technologies for the regulation of stocks and technologies for arid and semi-arid regions.>Text following EP vote>- technologies for the regulation of stocks and technologies for arid and semi-arid regions,>Text following EP vote>- relationship between groundwater and soil, especially in connection with contamination and its solution,>Text following EP vote>- sustainable exploitation and rational management of water so as to optimize management of water transport networks and intervention in water systems;>Text following EP vote>- optimization of interventions in water management by means of hydraulic measures with a view to sustainable use.(Amendment 116)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(iva) (new)>Text following EP vote>(iva) Life sciences and technologies (IVa): social health systems with particular reference to the ageing society and disabled people>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to investigate the development of health systems in the process of European integration and the globalization of the economy. A high-quality health system which is close to the citizen is an important indicator for a developing European societal model. In that context attention should be focused on an increasingly ageing society. This key action aims to help Europe meet the challenge of the growing ageing population through RTD to underpin the development of policies and interventions to extend the quality of life and independence of older people, and to reduce the need for long-term care and its consequential costs.>Text following EP vote>It requires a multi-disciplinary approach. At the same time the competitiveness of the health-related industries will be encouraged. Priority is given to the following:>Text following EP vote>- research to secure social insurance systems on a permanent basis in the light of the reduction in social benefits in the Member States;>Text following EP vote>- research into the organization of an efficient and effective social service for the elderly, including research into the financing of long-term care and pensions;>Text following EP vote>- research into the demographic development of society and the organization of the environment of the rising proportion of disabled, sick and elderly persons;>Text following EP vote>- RTD into age-related illness and health problems of high morbidity where there is a real prospect for significant prevention, treatment and delay in onset;>Text following EP vote>- RTD into social, economic, biological and psychological determinants of healthy ageing and into the mechanisms leading to disability and the postponement of disability;>Text following EP vote>- interdisciplinary research into the interaction between prevention, diagnosis and treatment from the medical and sociological points of view.(Amendment 57)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(v)>Original text>(v) The living world and the ecosystem (V): environment and health>Text following EP vote>Deleted>Original text>The aim of this key action is to help reduce the adverse impact on health of changes in the environment. It covers in particular issues such as prevention and the effects on health of air pollution, heavy metals and toxic substances, noise, climatic changes and electromagnetic radiation, as well as the effects of pollution at the workplace. It includes as a priority:>Original text>- epidemiological studies,- the development of new methods of diagnosis, risk assessment and prevention,- the development of processes to reduce causes and harmful health effects.(Amendment 58)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(a)(vi)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated as a new point (3a)(A)(b)(i) in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme 'environment, sustainable development and cultural heritage¨)>Original text>(vi) The living world and the ecosystem (VI): integrated development of rural and coastal areas>Text following EP vote>(i) The living world and the ecosystem (I): rural and coastal areas and mountains>Original text>The aim is to mobilize the knowledge and technologies needed to implement innovative approaches to production and exploitation, adapted to recent adjustments in the common agricultural and fisheries policies, while also providing the scientific basis for Community regulations. Priority areas include:>Text following EP vote>Agriculture, forestry and fisheries - important and decisive factors of economic development in rural and coastal areas - are faced with considerable changes. The aim of this key action is to promote the development and mobilization of the new technologies needed to implement innovative procedures adapted to the new challenges of sustainable production and exploitation models geared towards competitiveness.>Original text>- new systems of production and exploitation in agriculture, forestry, fishing and aquaculture, taking into account profitability, the sustainable management of resources, product quality and employment,>Text following EP vote>At the same time this work can and should constitute the scientific basis for future Community rules in these areas and should contribute to the preservation of the cultural heritage which European agricultural and rural societies constitute.>Text following EP vote>Efforts should be focused on the following areas in particular:>Original text>- non-food uses,>Text following EP vote>- non-food uses, especially renewable raw materials,>Original text>- methods of control,>Text following EP vote>- monitoring technologies,>Original text>- the production of new models for the sustainable development of rural and coastal areas based on optimization of the specific potential of each area, the diversification of activities and land use, and the involvement of the people concerned.>Text following EP vote>- methods and tools for environmental management,>Text following EP vote>- integrated production procedures, especially those limiting the impact of agriculture on the environment,>Text following EP vote>- development of environmental indicators and measurement of sustainability, especially with regard to testing of the possible effects of future Community policy and legislation(Amendment 59)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), indents>Original text>- the fight against age-related illnesses and health problems (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), degenerative diseases (in particular cancer and diabetes), cardio-vascular diseases, diseases of genetic origin and rare diseases; research into genomes and the neurosciences,>Text following EP vote>- the fight against age-related illnesses and health problems (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), degenerative diseases (in particular cancer and diabetes), cardio-vascular diseases, diseases of genetic origin and rare diseases; research into new and old genomes and the neurosciences,>Original text>- the improvement of health systems, the enhancement of health and safety at work, and the fight against drug-related public health problems,>Text following EP vote>- the improvement of health systems, the enhancement of health and safety at work and at home, and the fight against drug-related public health problems,>Original text>- the fight against major natural and technological hazards through the development of forecasting, prevention, impact assessment and mitigation techniques,>Original text>- understanding of the processes and interactions involved in 'global change' on land, at sea and in the atmosphere as well as their impact on ecosystems,>Original text>- the development of generic Earth- observation technologies, notably satellite technologies(1), for environmental monitoring and resources and ecosystem management,>Original text>- the study of problems relating to biomedical ethics and bioethics in the context of a respect for fundamental human values,>Text following EP vote>- accompanying research into issues concerning medical ethics and bioethics with regard to respecting fundamental human values.>Original text>- the study of the socioeconomic aspects of development of the life sciences and technologies and of environmental change within the perspective of sustainable development (the impact on society, the economy and employment).___________(1) There will be specific coordination of the activities relating to 'space technology' applications carried out within each of the three thematic programmes.(Amendment 129)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), indent 7a (new)>Text following EP vote>- study concerning the establishment of a centre for the coordination, development and analysis of cancer research,(Amendment 161)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), indent 7b (new)>Text following EP vote>- the evaluation of the effectiveness, the safety and the area of application of the non- conventional therapies taking into account their preventive role and the potentialities of an individual and holistic approach to health,(Amendment 130)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), indent 7c (new)>Text following EP vote>- study of the problems linked to the effects on health of electrical and electro-magnetic fields,(Amendment 131)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), indent 7d (new)>Text following EP vote>- measures to combat diseases and problems related to mental health in all its forms, including depression, with reference to prevention, treatment and reintegration and social rehabilitation of those affected and family and social support structures,(Amendment 60)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(b), 6th indent, footnote 2, 1st paragraph>Original text>(2) No research activity which modifies or is intended to modify the genetic heritage of human beings by alternation of germ cells or by acting at any other stage in embryonic development and which can make such alteration heritable will be carried out under the present framework programme. In the same way, no research activity, understood within the term 'cloning' will be conducted with the aim of replacing a germ or embryo cell nucleus with that of the cell of any individual, from an embryo or coming from a later stage of development to the human embryo.>Text following EP vote>(2) No research activity which modifies or serves to modify the genetic heritage of human beings by alternation of germ cells or by acting at any other stage in embryonic development and which can make such alteration heritable will be carried out under the present framework programme. In the same way, no research activity, understood within the term 'human cloning' will be conducted, i.e. the production of human embryos with the same genetic information as another human being or a deceased person. In view of the serious ethical problems and the differing views of these technologies in the European Union, no embryo research will be conducted which results in the destruction of embryos.(Amendment 61)Annex II (II), First Activity (1)(c)>Original text>The priority is to make optimum use, at Community level, of databases and collections of biological material, centres for clinical trials, marine research facilities and computer centres for climate studies.>Text following EP vote>The priority is:- to make optimum use, at Community level, of databases (e.g. databases for old DNA) and collections of biological material, centres for clinical research and therapeutic trials;>Text following EP vote>- the networking of centres of excellence based on public research and research by undertakings, especially by use of interactive multimedia;>Text following EP vote>- establishment of experimental platforms and modular demonstrators to test and validate new life science technologies in the framework of specific pilot projects, leading to an in-depth assessment, in coordination with the European Community's Structural Funds and European funds (European Investment Fund and the European Investment Bank).(Amendment 62)Annex II (II), First Activity (2), introduction>Text following EP vote>The gathering, storing, processing, transmission, dissemination and use of information will increasingly determine the international competitiveness not only of the information technologies themselves but also all sectors of the economy and society.>Original text>The advent of the information society is opening up the possibility of a wide range of new activities, for both individuals and companies of the Community, in the fields of trade, work, transport, environment, education and training, health and culture. Continuous efforts in relation to research, technological development and technology take-up are necessary to realize the full potential of the information society. The technological range of key actions allows the possibility of a flexible concentration and a dynamic implementation of the activities, reflecting socioeconomic priorities.>Text following EP vote>The advent thereof is opening up the possibility of a wide range of new activities, for both individuals and companies of the Community, e.g. in the fields of trade, work, transport, environment, education and training, health and culture. Continuous efforts in relation to research, technological development and technology take-up are necessary to realise the full potential of the information society. Here, in addition to the potential for economic growth and employment, efforts must tackle universal issues such as access, ease of use, safety, cost-effectiveness and interoperability, as well as socioeconomic impact. The technological range of key actions should allow the possibility of a flexible concentration and a dynamic implementation of the activities.>Original text>These efforts must, in all activities, tackle the universal issues such as access, ease of use, cost-effectiveness and interoperability, as well as socioeconomic impact.(Amendments 166 and 136)Annex II(II), First Activity (2)(a)(i)>Original text>i. Information Society (I): systems and services for the citizen>Text following EP vote>i. Information and telecommunication technologies (I): systems and services for the citizen>Original text>The aim of this key action is to provide users with easier access at the lowest cost to quality general- purpose services and boost the industry providing these services. In this context, it will be based on the following priorities:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to provide all users with opportunities of access to quality general-purpose services and boost the industry providing these services. In this context, research and technological development will be based on the following priorities:>Original text>- as regards health and the elderly: on computerizsed medical systems, on secure high-capacity health networks and telemedicine, on advanced interfaces and on tele-systems to integrate the elderly and the disabled into society,>Text following EP vote>- as regards health, on computerized medical systems, on secure high-capacity health networks and tele-medicine,- as regards ageing and disability: on advanced interfaces and on telesystems to integrate the elderly and the disabled into society,>Original text>- as regards the public authorities: on systems utilising multimedia and tele-systems,>Text following EP vote>- as regards the public authorities: on systems utilising multimedia and tele-systems with regard to integrated applications for rural and urban areas and to facilitate access to and provision of public services, excluding these services' own computerization projects,>Original text>- as regards the environment: on intelligent systems for analysis, surveillance, management and early warning,>Text following EP vote>- as regards the environment: on intelligent systems for analysis, surveillance, management and early warning,>Original text>- as regards transport: on the advanced intelligence systems needed for management and associated tele-services.>Text following EP vote>- as regards transport and tourism: on the advanced intelligent systems needed for management and associated tele-services,>Text following EP vote>- systems for the security of information and networks, including techniques for the authentification and protection of integrity and copyright, as well as technologies for better protection of privacy,>Text following EP vote>- as regards tourism: networks and systems for information, marketing, reservation and payment for tourist services, as well as consumer protection arrangements.(Amendments 64 and 138)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(a)(ii)>Original text>The aim of this key action is to help companies operate more efficiently and to make trading in goods and services more efficient. The priority topics will be:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to develop technologies to help companies operate more efficiently and to make trading in goods and services more efficient. The priority topics will be:>Original text>- flexible, mobile and remote working methods, for individuals and for cooperative and group working and working methods based on simulation and virtual reality,>Text following EP vote>- the improvement of working conditions and the quality of work,- teleworking, flexible, mobile and remote working methods, for individuals and for cooperative and group working and working methods based on simulation and virtual reality,>Original text>- management systems for suppliers and consumers, including interoperable payment systems,>Text following EP vote>- management systems for suppliers and consumers, including interoperable and secure payment systems,>Original text>- information and network security, including the technical means for authentication and the protection of integrity and intellectual property and 'privacy enhancing technologies'.>Text following EP vote>- information and network security, including cryptography, techniques for combating and preventing piracy of computer sites, the technical means for authentication and the protection of integrity and intellectual property and 'privacy enhancing technologies'.(Amendment 65)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(a)(iii), indent 3a (new)>Text following EP vote>- transfer of new scientific findings into practically applicable knowledge by means of interactive further education programmes.(Amendment 105)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(a)(iv), 1st indent>Original text>- computing, communication and network technologies, together with their implementation and application,>Text following EP vote>- wideband network technologies including photonic networks (optic fibre), and intelligent network software platforms that are open and interoperable,(Amendment 118)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(a)(iv), indent 3a (new)>Text following EP vote>- research into methods of identifying and defusing land mines of all kinds; no research funding will be awarded to companies which manufacture or market land mines or which are involved in their manufacture, or whose owners are involved in such activities;(Amendment 117)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(a)(iva) (new)>Text following EP vote>(iva) Information and telecommunications technologies (IVa): social changes brought about by the introduction of new information and communications technologies (socially responsible use)>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to investigate social changes brought about by the more widespread use of information and communications technologies, which have a major bearing on social and communicative behaviour. The involvement of a full range of social groups is also important. On the basis of the work, it will be possible to draw conclusions regarding suitable measures which could be taken to facilitate access to these media for all population groups. This action will focus as a matter of priority on:>Text following EP vote>- the use of the new media by various population groups, taking particular account of age, sex, social status, professional training and nationality;>Text following EP vote>- social risks and benefits of home- and teleworking, particularly for women, and development of models designed to safeguard telejobs;>Text following EP vote>- changes in social and communicative behaviour, particularly among young people, as a result of the use of information and communications technologies.(Amendment 66)Annex II (II)(2), First Activity (2)(b)>Original text>Universal issues such as access, ease of use, cost-effectiveness and interoperability and socioeconomic impact will be fully addressed in all the key actions.>Text following EP vote>Universal issues such as access, ease of use, security, cost-effectiveness and interoperability, socioeconomic impact and the risk-benefit ratio will be fully addressed in all the key actions.>Original text>From a visionary perspective, covering future and emerging technologies and applications, research will focus as a priority on:>Text following EP vote>With a future vision covering future and emerging technologies and applications, research will focus as a priority on:>Text following EP vote>- basic research into software,>Text following EP vote>- the introduction of a databank (databank definition system) of all European scientific publications with easy access for all, and the establishment of a European institute of scientific information,>Original text>- technologies for the representation, creation and handling of knowledge,>Text following EP vote>- technologies for the representation, creation and handling of knowledge, including mathematical modelling,>Original text>- real-time and large-scale simulation and visualization technologies and virtual presence technologies,>Text following EP vote>- real-time and large-scale simulation and visualization technologies and virtual presence technologies,>Original text>- quantum, photonic, bio-electronic technologies, and technologies for very large scale integration; ultra-high performance computers and super-intelligent networks.>Text following EP vote>- nanoscale technology, integrated microsystem quantum, photonic, bio-electronic technologies, and technologies for very large scale integration; ultra-high performance computers and super-intelligent networks,>Text following EP vote>- systems for intelligent measurements,>Text following EP vote>- promoting the transboundary context and applications of scientific information through telematic networks.(Amendment 67)Annex II (II), First Activity (2)(c)>Original text>The priority is to provide support for the advanced high-speed computer systems needed for research in all fields of science and technology, for example advanced Internet-2.>Text following EP vote>Member States shall continue to have responsibility for the promotion and expansion of national networks and infrastructure. The role of the European Union shall be to provide European added value in the form of support from the Structural Funds by the promotion of the further opening, networking and interoperability of these structures.>Text following EP vote>The cost of such Community actions should be shared between all thematic programmes.(Amendment 68)Annex II (II), First Activity (3), title and introduction>Original text>3. Promoting competitive and sustainable growth>Text following EP vote>3. Transport - Mobility - Production>Original text>The objective is to produce and disseminate the knowledge and technologies needed to design and develop processes and produce 'clean¨, high-quality products that will be competitive on tomorrow's market, to help increase growth and create new jobs in Europe and to give firms the opportunity to make the necessary changes to their activities.>Text following EP vote>The objective of this thematic programme is the sustainable development of transport and production.For a mobility that meets the demands of tomorrow we need strategies to optimise the transportation system as a whole. They must include the integration of all modes of transport for passengers and freight because in our times optimisation can only be achieved by integration.>Original text>This goes hand in hand with the development of high-performance energy systems and services, and transport systems which are economic, safe, and protective of the environment and quality of life.>Text following EP vote>This goes hand in hand with the development of high-performance transport systems which are economic, safe and protective of the environment and quality of life, with the further development of European aeronautical and astronautical technology constituting a separate focus (1)>Text following EP vote>The objective as to production is to produce and disseminate the knowledge and technologies needed to design and develop processes and produce 'clean¨, high-quality products that will be competitive on tomorrow's market, to help increase growth and create new jobs in Europe and to sustain the continuing innovation effort of manufacturing firms (SMEs and industrial districts) to improve their competitiveness.>Text following EP vote>__________(1) The various research activities in the field of aeronautics and astronautics from the individual thematic programmes will be coordinated.(Amendment 69)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(i)>Original text>(i) Competitive and sustainable growth (I): products, processes, organization>Text following EP vote>(iv) Competitive and sustainable growth (IV): products, processes, organization>Original text>The aim of this key action is to facilitate the development of high-quality innovative products and services that meet the needs of the citizen and the market and new methods of production and manufacturing that save resources and are environmentally safe, whatever the method of production. Research will focus as a matter of priority on:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to facilitate the development of high-quality innovative products and services and new methods of production and manufacturing especially those designed to improve the competitiveness of traditional industries, that save resources and are environmentally safe, whatever the method of production. Research will focus as a matter of priority on:>Original text>- the elaboration, development and integration of new technologies for design, manufacturing, control and production, in particular using microengineering,>Text following EP vote>- the elaboration, development and integration of new technologies for design, manufacturing, control and production as well as new materials (e.g. nano-scale technologies),>Original text>- information society technologies for 'intelligent' manufacturing (including flexible workshop systems and systems for flexible management of supply and distribution chains, embedded systems and tele-services for operation and maintenance and simulation and shared-work technologies),>Text following EP vote>- exploitation of information society technologies for 'intelligent' manufacturing (including flexible workshop systems and systems for flexible management of supply and distribution chains, embedded systems and teleservices for operation and maintenance and simulation and shared-work technologies),>Original text>- technologies to reduce resource utilization and promote reuse and recycling of waste and the development of clean processes and products based on the concept of 'life- cycle analysis':>Text following EP vote>- technologies to reduce resource utilization and promote reuse and recycling of waste and the development of clean processes and products,>Text following EP vote>- the concept of 'life-cycle analysis'>Original text>- new methods of organizing production and work and of using skills (including socio-economic analysis).>Text following EP vote>- new methods of organizing production and work and of using skills (including socio-economic analysis).(Amendments 70 and 107)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(ii)>Original text>(ii) Competitive and sustainable growth (II): sustainable mobility and intermodality>Text following EP vote>(iii) Competitive and sustainable growth (III): mobility and intermodality>Original text>The aim is to ensure the mobility of people and goods efficiently and without damage to the environment. This key action will contribute towards this by helping to set up a safe, intelligent, efficient and interoperable rail and road, air and maritime transport system for passengers and freight on a broadly intermodal basis at the European level to meet the mobility needs of industry and the public. This requires as a matter of priority:>Text following EP vote>The aim is to ensure the mobility of people and goods efficiently and without damage to the environment. This key action will contribute towards this by helping to set up a safe, intelligent, efficient and interoperable rail and road, air and maritime transport system for passengers and freight on a broadly intermodal basis at the European level to meet the mobility needs of industry and the public. This requires as a matter of priority:>Original text>- the development, validation and demonstration of modal and intermodal transport management systems, including second- generation satellite navigation and positioning systems,>Text following EP vote>- the development, validation and demonstration of modal and intermodal transport management systems, particularly for air transport (specific Union participation in a world navigation and global positioning system and its integration with terrestrial radio systems and land-based vehicles) and inland transport, especially road and rail transport, taking account of the need for interoperability, as well as advanced information services for the mobility and transport of people and goods,>Original text>- research on infrastructures and their interfaces with transport facilities and systems, while reducing the environmental impact and taking account of accessibility and the integration of regional planning and transport policies,>Text following EP vote>- research on infrastructures and their interfaces with transport facilities and systems, while reducing the environmental impact and taking account of accessibility and the integration of transport policies,>Text following EP vote>- analysis of the problem of interfaces for various public and private transport modes in urban areas;>Text following EP vote>- harmonization of technical criteria for interconnection so as to improve interoperability.>Original text>- the development of socio-economic scenarios for the mobility of people and goods.>Text following EP vote>- research in the area of the environmentally friendly car as part of an integrated transport system, taking particular account of standardization issues.(Amendment 71/corr.)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(iii)>Original text>(iii) Competitive and sustainable growth (III): new perspectives in aeronautics>Text following EP vote>(ii) Competitive and sustainable growth (II): aeronautics and astronautics>Original text>The aim of this key action is to help the European Community consolidate its position in this sector by developing its mastery, in an environmentally friendly manner, of the most advanced aeronautical technologies. It will cover as a matter of priority:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to help the European Community consolidate its position in this sector by developing its mastery, in an environmentally friendly manner, of the most advanced aeronautical technologies. A further aim is to help the competitiveness of the Union's space industries and maintain its independent access to space, in cooperation with the European Space Agency and national space agencies. It will cover as a matter of priority:>Original text>- the development and demonstration of advanced technologies for integrated and production, the reduction of energy consumption, emissions and noise for various aircraft concepts,>Text following EP vote>- the development and demonstration of advanced technologies for integrated and production, the reduction of energy consumption, emissions and noise for various aircraft concepts,>Original text>- the technological and economic feasibility of and the critical technologies for new-generation aircraft concepts,>Text following EP vote>- the technological and economic feasibility of and the critical technologies for new-generation aircraft and satellite concepts,>Original text>- the development of technologies to improve operational safety.>Text following EP vote>- the development of technologies to improve operational safety,>Text following EP vote>- research in microgravity physics, new space materials and use of the International Space Station.>Text following EP vote>- research into basic technologies for launchers and satellites, including joint measures with other First Activity programmes and possibly targeted involvement in European Space Agency programmes,>Text following EP vote>- the study, development and demonstration of new space applications, particularly in the field of Earth observation and public services by satellite,>Text following EP vote>- study of modular demonstration platforms to validate space equipment developed by the Union's industries,>Text following EP vote>- support for European cooperation to achieve standardization in the space sector.(Amendments 168 and 72)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(iv)>Original text>(iv) Competitive and sustainable growth (IV): marine technologies>Text following EP vote>(i) Competitive and sustainable growth (I): land and marine transport technologies>Original text>The aim is to encourage, while preserving the environment, the development and integration of knowledge and technologies, specific to sea-based applications to enable the Community to fully exploit the sea's potential and to improve the competitiveness of the marine industry, to support a veritable 'sea¨ policy. The priority emphasis will be on the technologies needed:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this action is to develop innovative modes and systems for sustainable land and marine transport, capable of ensuring efficiency, intermodality and competitiveness for the European transport system as well as to develop technologies for the sustainable management and exploitation of the marine environment and its resources.The actions will focus in particular on the technologies needed:>Text following EP vote>- to develop land transport modes and systems with low energy consumption, which are clean, economic, safe and intelligent, and capable of meeting the changing needs of the Community for the various applications required (urban environment, TENs, interoperability and intermodality),>Original text>- for the development of advanced ships which are safe and efficient,- for the use of the sea as an economic means of transporting goods and passengers (advanced port infrastructure, regional maritime transport systems) in conjunction with the key action on 'sustainable mobility and intermodality¨,>Text following EP vote>- to develop advanced, safe and efficient ships, appropriate to intermodal transport in order to give renewed impetus to the combined use of the sea and inland waterways as an economical and environment-friendly means of transporting goods and passengers,- to develop technologies and the necessary scientific base for the sustainable use of the marine environment as a source for production and for the environment- friendly exploitation of its resources>Original text>- for the rational and sustainable exploitation of the sea as a source of energy and mineral resources (in particular offshore and subsea technologies).>Text following EP vote>- for the investigation and sustainable exploitation of the sea as a source of energy and resources (in particular offshore and subsea technologies and the identification of polluted sea floor in order to control any adverse effects on fisheries and the quality of coastal waters caused by mineral extraction).(Amendment 73/corr.)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(v)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated as a new point (3a)(A)(a)(i) in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme 'energy for the future¨)>Original text>(v) Competitive and sustainable growth (V): advanced energy systems and services>Text following EP vote>(i) Energy for the future (I): fossil fuels>Original text>The aim of this key action, taking into account market needs, is to help satisfy the Community's demand for energy while minimizing the risks to the environment. It helps to promote the development and improvement of advanced energy systems that are efficient in terms of both production and consumption, in particular to achieve a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases and to boost the Community's industrial competitiveness. Work will focus by way of priority on:>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action, taking into account market needs, is to help satisfy the Community's demand for energy while minimizing the risks to the environment. It helps to promote the development and improvement of advanced energy systems that are efficient in terms of both production and consumption, in particular to achieve a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases and to boost the Community's industrial competitiveness. Work will focus by way of priority on:>Original text>- the main new and renewable sources of energy and their integration, in particular, into decentralized systems,>Original text>- technologies for the storage and distribution of energy,>Text following EP vote>- technologies for the storage and distribution of energy,>Original text>- technologies for the clean production and use of fossil fuels and for the rational use of energy,>Text following EP vote>- technologies for the clean exploration, extraction, production and use of fossil fuels (solid fuels and hydrocarbons) and for the rational use of energy, in particular increased efficiency,>Original text>- the elaboration of scenarios on economy/environment/energy interactions.>Text following EP vote>- the elaboration of scenarios on economy/environment/energy interactions.(Amendment 74)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(A)(a)(ii) (new)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme 'energy for the future¨)>Text following EP vote>(ii) Energy for the future (II): renewable energies>Text following EP vote>The aim of this key action is to help satisfy the Community's demand for energy, with domestic energy production being diversified, and, at the same time, environmental pollution being kept at a minimum. It is intended to help to promote the design and development of energy systems which are efficient in terms of both production and consumption and are characterized by their advanced nature, their efficiency and sustainability and, in particular, to facilitate a substantial reduction in CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases and to boost the Union's industrial competitiveness.Work will focus by way of priority on:>Text following EP vote>- the major new and renewable sources of energy and their integration, in particular into decentralized systems (wind, water, solar, biomass, etc.),>Text following EP vote>- technologies for the storage and distribution of energy,>Text following EP vote>- fuel cell technology,>Text following EP vote>- improvement of the degree of efficiency,>Text following EP vote>- new materials.(Amendment 75)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(a)(vi)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated as a new point (3a)(A)(b)(ii) in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme environment, cultural heritage and sustainable development)>Original text>(vi) Competitive and sustainable growth (VI): the city of tomorrow>Text following EP vote>(ii) Urban areas (II): 'the city of tomorrow'>Original text>The aim of this key action is the harmonious development of the citizens' urban environment from a global, innovative and resource-saving viewpoint, in an environmentally sound manner, using advanced models of organization bringing together in particular the improvement of quality of life, the restoration of social equilibria and the protection and enhancement of the cultural heritage. Action will focus as a matter of priority on:>Text following EP vote>Urban areas are the focus of life for a growing majority of Europeans. Economic, scientific and technological and social activities are concentrated therein, as are the problems which frequently they create. The objective of this key action is therefore to promote the harmonious and sustainable development of urban areas, to preserve their cultural heritage and to develop to that end the scientific and technological basis for combating typical urban problems as well as new concepts for the city of tomorrow. This involves in particular:>Original text>- new models for the sustainable development of European cities, the elaboration of medium- and long-term socioeconomic scenarios and research, development and demonstration activities focusing in particular on problems of town-planning and architecture, social integration, safety, energy efficiency and conservation (in particular in buildings and in integrated management of transport) and democratic information networks (the concept of 'digital cities¨),>Text following EP vote>- integrated transport and energy systems,- integrated information systems,- development of environmental indicators and measurement of sustainability in urban areas,- advanced technologies and materials for building and construction and their recycling as well as for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage,>Original text>- development and demonstration of technologies for economic, clean, effective and sustainable recovery, renovation and construction, in particular for large groups of buildings and for the protection of the cultural heritage,>Original text>- development and demonstration in an urban context of technologies for economic, clean, safe and intelligent vehicles (e.g. zero-emission vehicles), compatible with a context of sustainable mobility key action on 'sustainable mobility and intermodality¨).(Amendment 76)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(A)(b)(iii) (new)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development, sub-programme environment, cultural heritage and sustainable development)>Text following EP vote>(iii) Global change and climate>Text following EP vote>Research into global change and the factors determining and influencing it is one of the most important future tasks for researchers. The aims of this research include the development of the requisite scientific and technological bases for the corresponding Community policies, e.g. environmental, agricultural and development policy. Research will focus on:>Text following EP vote>- the development of the scientific and technological bases for the understanding, measurement and forecasting of processes of global change and/or the factors determining them,>Text following EP vote>- research into the implications of global change for ecosystems and biodiversity and possible forms of adaptation to this change,>Text following EP vote>- the development of scientifically and technologically safe alternative political scenarios illustrating the connection between various policies and their impact on global change,>Text following EP vote>- support for the development of a European contribution to a worldwide system for the monitoring of climate change, terrestrial ecosystems and the oceans (International Climate Agency).(Amendment 77)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(b), 3rd indent a (new)>Text following EP vote>- development of generic technologies for satellite monitoring and surveillance of traffic;(Amendment 120)Annex II (II), First Activity (3)(c)>Original text>The priorities concern the networking and optimum use, at Community level, of computing centres for industrial research, high-power wind tunnels, specialised databases, laboratories and facilities for measurements and tests.>Text following EP vote>The priorities concern the networking and optimum use, at Community level, of computing centres for industrial research, high-power wind tunnels, specialised databases, laboratories and facilities for measurements and tests, and laboratories and facilities for nano and micro technologies(Amendment 78)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(A)(a), title and introduction (new)>Text following EP vote>(a) Energy for the future>Text following EP vote>Energy is the basis of all economic activity and development. Simultaneously with the constantly increasing use of energy, more and more problems arise with regard not only to the sustainable availability of individual energy sources, but also with regard to the environmental impact, including the overall impact on the climate, resulting from such use.>Text following EP vote>The objective of this thematic programme is, therefore, to study the conditions required for stable ecosystems and, in particular, to promote research into the sustainable use of available energy sources and their economical and efficient use as well as to investigate possible new forms of energy generation, use and distribution and saving.>Text following EP vote>At the same time, it is of special importance that the activities combined under this thematic programme should be seen in connection with the Euratom framework research programme, which thus constitutes a substantive addition to the key actions set out here as far as aspects of nuclear research and the safe use of nuclear energy are concerned.>Text following EP vote>To ensure the utmost coordination and to promote a maximum of scientific and technological exchange between these two research programmes the Management Committee responsible for energy research under this framework programme shall coordinate its activities in the appropriate way with the Management Committee set up for the Euratom research programme.(Amendment 79)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(A)(b) (new)>Text following EP vote>(b) Environment, sustainable development and cultural heritage>Text following EP vote>Some of the many changes in our cities and rural areas as well as the effects of global changes have far- reaching consequences for the environment, the quality of life and the preservation of our cultural heritage. Securing sustainable development is not only a Community political objective in its own right, but, at the same time, a prior condition if the Community is to be competitive on the markets of tomorrow with clean and intelligent products and processes which conserve resources or renew them to a substantial extent. The aim of these key actions is, therefore, to carry out research into and to analyse in particular the general and specific environmental problems arising from economic activities and their subsequent changes in society. The compilation, development, dissemination and application of the knowledge required to that end are also of decisive importance for the devising and implementation of European environmental policy in many policy areas, e.g. transport, energy, urban development, agriculture and the rural world and coastal areas.>Text following EP vote>Research into global change and the factors behind it to which particular attention will be paid in this thematic programme continues to represent a special challenge.(Amendment 80)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(B) (new)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development)>Text following EP vote>B. Activities for the research and development of generic technologies>Text following EP vote>Research activities will focus in particular on the following areas:>Text following EP vote>- materials resistant to high temperatures for energy generation, transport and use,>Text following EP vote>- basic research into the production, transport and effective use of energy, especially with regard to materials,>Text following EP vote>- standardization and measurement in the areas covered by this programme,>Text following EP vote>- light materials to reduce energy consumption,>Text following EP vote>- materials and biomaterials designed with ease of recycling in mind,.>Text following EP vote>- the development of generic Earth observation technologies, notably satellite technologies,>Text following EP vote>- the development of generic technologies for environmental monitoring, measurement and assessment of environmental data and making such data comparable,>Text following EP vote>- mastery of the major natural and technological risks by the development of appropriate techniques to forecast, prevent, assess and alleviate any consequences,>Text following EP vote>- the study of socioeconomic aspects of regional development, to supplement and integrate the aspects dealt with in the key actions,>Text following EP vote>- production of new models for the conservation of cultural heritage.(Amendment 81)Annex II (II), First Activity (3a)(C) (new)>Text following EP vote>(To be integrated in a new programme on energy, environment, sustainable development)>Text following EP vote>C. Support for research infrastructure>Text following EP vote>Priorities concern:>Text following EP vote>- Community-wide access and the use of data, access to high- performance computers and computing centres, the optimum use of infrastructure such as satellites and satellite centres, research ships, marine research centres, research aircraft and vehicles, seismological infrastructure, etc.,>Text following EP vote>- the networking of centres of excellence based on public research and research by undertakings, especially by use of interactive multimedia,>Text following EP vote>- establishment of experimentation platforms and modular demonstrators to test and validate new technologies in the framework of specific pilot projects, leading to an in-depth assessment, in coordination with the European Community's Structural Funds and European funds (European Investment Fund and the European Investment Bank).(Amendment 82)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1), title, 1st paragraph and 2nd paragraph, introduction>Original text>1. Confirming the international role of Community research.>Text following EP vote>1. Promotion of cooperation with third countries and international organizations in the field of Community research, technological development and demonstration activities.>Original text>The main purposes of the 'international cooperation' activity are to contribute significantly to the implementation of the Community's external policy, especially towards the Central and East European accession candidates, and to help the Community establish industrial cooperation and open up new markets>Text following EP vote>The main purpose of this activity is to promote international cooperation in the areas in which the Community is active in the field of research, technological development and demonstration activities. Special attention will be paid in this context to cooperation between the Community and the applicant countries from Central and Eastern Europe and to cooperation with those countries which, in the field of research, are concerned with issues which are also of outstanding importance for the Community. At the same time, promotion of international cooperation in the field of research should promote the further objectives of the Treaty, in particular those of the common foreign and security policy, wherever this is possible.>Original text>In the context of the Community's external policy, and with the accession of new Member States in mind, the general objectives of the 'international cooperation' activity are:>Text following EP vote>The general objectives of the activity are:(Amendment 83)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1), 2nd subparagraph, first indent>Original text>- to promote scientific and technological cooperation between organizations and researchers from third countries and from the Community, likely to produce significant and balanced benefits for both sides (cooperation for 'mutual benefit¨),>Text following EP vote>- to promote scientific and technological cooperation between organizations and researchers from third countries and from the Community, likely to produce significant and balanced benefits for both sides (cooperation for 'mutual benefit¨) on the basis of full and complete reciprocity in terms of open participation, dissemination and exploitation, following, in particular, the procedures of the agreement on intelligent production systems (IMS),(Amendment 84)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1)(a), introduction>Original text>On the basis of the cooperation policies the Community frames according to this relations with its various potential partners, three categories of action will be implemented, linked to specific problems facing these countries and not covered by the other activities of the framework programme. These actions will be financed through the specific 'international cooperation' activity:>Text following EP vote>Three specific activities shall be defined which, on the one hand, are linked to specific problems facing the respective partner countries and, at the same time, are of special importance for the Community. The measures involved shall not be covered by other measures in the framework programme and shall be financed exclusively as part of this specific programme to promote international cooperation.(Amendment 85)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1)(a),1st indent>Original text>- Cooperation with certain categories of country:>Text following EP vote>- Cooperation with certain categories of country:>Original text>CEECs: Promotion of their centres of excellence,>Text following EP vote>CEECs: Expansion and promotion of common European centres of excellence in selected areas; networking of research infrastructure,>Original text>Mediterranean third countries: notably, regional aspects of managing the Mediterranean Sea, support for socioeconomic development including the information society, preservation of cultural heritage,>Text following EP vote>Mediterranean third countries: concerted action and target projects with regard to regional aspects of managing the Mediterranean Sea, preservation of cultural heritage,>Original text>NIS: Support for their research and technological development potential, specific targeted actions (satellite applications, regional problems linked to the environment and health),>Text following EP vote>NIS: Support for their research and technological development potential, specific targeted actions (e.g. satellite applications, regional problems linked to the environment and health),>Original text>Developing countries (including Mediterranean and 'emerging economy' countries): study of the mechanisms and socioeconomic conditions of sustainable development (for example agro-industrial research, energy systems); support for integrating productivity requirements and respect for the environment into these countries' ecosystems (for example water management); work to prevent and combat major diseases specific to these countries and to make their public health systems more effective,>Text following EP vote>Developing countries (including Mediterranean countries): in conjunction with the Community Funds assisting these countries, development of their scientific and technical potential, encouraging cooperation within other specific programmes and major target projects assisting their sustainable development in the fields of agro- industry, energy systems, the environment (including climatology), health, information and communications,(Amendment 108)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1)(a), 1st indent, subparagraph 4a (new)>Text following EP vote>Industrialized and emerging economy countries: exchange of information, concerted action and conclusion, in the European Union's interests, of scientific and technical cooperation agreements. Participation by these countries entails compliance with the rules of reciprocity.(Amendment 121)Annex II(II), Second Activity (1)(a), 2nd indent>Original text>- Training of researchers: a system of fellowships will be set up to give young researchers from developing countries (including Mediterranean and 'emerging economy' countries) a chance to spend time in Community laboratories and take part in framework programme research activities. Another fellowship scheme will be provided for young Community researchers to work in industrial laboratories in Japan and South Korea.>Text following EP vote>- Training of researchers: a system of fellowships will be set up to give young researchers, if possible involving equal numbers of men and women, from developing countries (including Mediterranean and 'emerging economy' countries) a chance to spend time in Community laboratories and take part in framework programme research activities. Another fellowship scheme will be provided for young Community researchers to work in industrial laboratories in Japan and South Korea.(Amendment 86)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1)(b), 1st indent>Original text>- full association with the framework programme: participation and Community funding for third country entities under similar conditions to Member State entities (EEA, some CEECs, Israel, Switzerland),>Text following EP vote>- full association with the framework programme: participation and Community funding for third country entities under similar conditions to Member State entities (EEA, Israel, Switzerland). All the applicant countries from Central and Eastern Europe must be fully integrated into the fifth framework programme. To that end, funds must be made available while further negotiations are held into the financial contribution to be made by the applicant countries to the fifth framework programme. The COPERNICUS programme is a suitable alternative for those applicant countries which cannot yet or do not yet wish to participate in the fifth framework programme,(Amendment 87)Annex II (II), Second Activity (1)(b), 4th indent a (new)>Text following EP vote>- support for biological and chemical disarmament by means of scientific and technological contributions,(Amendment 88)Annex II (II), Third Activity (1), 2nd paragraph a, b, c and d (new)>Text following EP vote>Under this activity, therefore, support may and should also be given to projects which only partly coincide with the objectives, activities and specific research themes laid down in this decision, but which show great potential as regards innovation and employment.>Text following EP vote>The definition of SMEs given in the fifth framework programme differs from the generally accepted definition, setting the ceiling for SMEs at 500 employees. This departure is justified by the fact that it is SMEs of this kind in particular, i.e. those with between 250 and 500 employees, which carry out their own research and development and which would otherwise be largely excluded from the specific research support provided by this programme. This different definition shall apply only in connection with the fifth framework programme.>Text following EP vote>If small and medium-sized businesses are to benefit to the full from innovation and the results thereof, the establishment of clusters is very important. There are two forms of cluster. Firstly, there are clusters of subcontractors (SMEs) and larger businesses. Secondly, cross-border clusters of small and medium-sized businesses working in the same horizontal sector can contribute to innovation and the dissemination and transfer of the results of scientific work.>Text following EP vote>In order to encourage participation and reduce the administrative burden on SMEs, sectoral organizations may act as administrators and/or contract partners for consortia.(Amendments 89 and 122)Annex II (II), Third Activity (1)(a)(i)>Text following EP vote>Action specific to the 'innovation and participation of SMEs' activity>Original text>- rationalization and coordination at Community level of networks providing information and assistance on the Community's research and innovation activities, management in concert with the programmes, of the support network for innovation and technology transfer; consolidation of the mechanisms for gathering and disseminating information, such as the Cordis information service (joint action: innovation/SMEs);>Text following EP vote>- rationalization and coordination at Community level of networks providing information and assistance on the Community's research and innovation activities;- consolidation of the mechanisms for gathering and disseminating information, such as the Cordis information service (joint action: innovation/SMEs);>Original text>- creation and development of assistance activities in the area of intellectual property rights and access to private finance, notably venture capital funds (joint action: innovation/SMEs),>Text following EP vote>- creation and development of assistance activities for female entrepreneurs to promote their access to know-how and networks for innovation, access to private/public financing and assistance in creating innovative start-ups,.>Text following EP vote>Activities carried out in concert with the programmes relating to:>Text following EP vote>- definition and creation of mechanisms for permanent calls for proposals for the selection and funding of research projects under First Activity programmes,>Text following EP vote>- definition and creation of mechanisms making it possible to take account, from the time that projects are selected and in all relevant cases, of prospects for exploiting results, including export prospects,>Original text>- definition, in concert with the programmes, of mechanisms (value analyses, market research, training) to facilitate, in the life-cycle of projects, the exploitation, private financing and transfer of technologies and results produced, while guaranteeing protection of the knowledge acquired,>Text following EP vote>- definition and creation of mechanisms (value analyses, market research, training) to facilitate, in the life-cycle of projects, the exploitation, private financing and transfer of technologies and results produced, while guaranteeing protection of the knowledge acquired,>Original text>- development, to this end, of the idea of 'innovation units¨ to be set up in the programmes, coordination of their activities and help in creating innovative start-ups, principally via European organizations and funds (European Investment Fund, European Investment Bank, and the Eurotech Capital scheme),>Text following EP vote>- development and creation of 'innovation units¨ to be set up in the programmes, coordination of their activities,>Original text>- conception and definition of new methodologies for technology transfer actions integrating the technological, economic and social aspects of innovation,>Text following EP vote>- conception and definition of new methodologies for technology transfer actions integrating the technological, economic and social aspects of innovation, taking account of the particular characteristics of each sector of activity,>Original text>- identification and dissemination of best practice in innovation and technology transfer (joint action: innovation/SMEs) and coordination of studies and analyses, particularly in the area of innovation policy.>Text following EP vote>- identification and dissemination of best practice in innovation and technology transfer (joint action: innovation/SMEs) and coordination of studies and analyses, particularly in the area of innovation policy.>Text following EP vote>Decentralized actions, implemented by the Community Structural Funds, by means of operational cooperation between those responsible for the framework programme and for the Structural Funds:>Text following EP vote>- creation and development of assistance activities in the area of transfer of technologies, intellectual property rights and access to private finance, notably venture capital funds (joint action: innovation/SMEs),>Text following EP vote>- help in creating innovative start- ups, principally via European organizations and funds (European Investment Fund, European Investment Bank and the Eurotech Capital scheme).(Amendment 90)Annex II (II), Third Activity (1)(a)(ii), 2nd paragraph (new)>Text following EP vote>establishment of vertical 'innovation networks' which could act as 'virtual centres of excellence' and would include partners along the line of development, start-up, management and financing of new products and processes.(Amendment 91)Annex II (II), Third Activity (1)(b)(ii), indents>Original text>- 'cooperative research¨ activities enabling at least three mutually independent SMEs from at least two Member States to entrust jointly the resolution of their common technological problems to third legal entities,>Text following EP vote>- 'cooperative research¨ activities enabling at least two mutually independent SMEs from different Member States to carry out research activity aimed at the resolution of their common technological problems either internally or by entrusting them to third legal entities,>Original text>- activities to support and encourage SME participation in collaborative and cooperative research projects (for example on the basis of 'exploratory awards¨).>Text following EP vote>- activities to support and encourage SME participation in collaborative and cooperative research projects (for example on the basis of 'exploratory awards¨),>Text following EP vote>- identifying mechanisms to serve as a link between the above activities and the activities of the EIB and EIF to support SMEs, to enable the latter to fund their research through low-cost loans or other credit facilities;>Text following EP vote>- encouraging participants in and applicants for research programmes to involve SMEs in their activities.(Amendment 92)Annex II (II), Fourth Activity (1), 1st paragraph>Original text>The world is increasingly based on knowledge. The Community's prime asset in this area is the quality of its researchers, engineers and technicians. The aim is to preserve and help develop this knowledge potential through greater support for the training and mobility of researchers, including towards enterprises, and by supporting better use of research infrastructure.>Text following EP vote>The world is increasingly based on knowledge. The Community's prime asset in this area is the quality of its researchers, engineers and technicians. The aim is to preserve and help develop this knowledge potential through greater support for the training and mobility of researchers, including towards enterprises, and by supporting better use of research infrastructure, not least through the establishment of networks.>Text following EP vote>The aim is also to study and define the new emerging professions, in keeping with the objectives of scientific and technological growth, job creation and industrial competitiveness.(Amendment 93)Annex II ( II), Fourth Activity (1), 3rd paragraph, indent 4a (new)>Text following EP vote>- to make special efforts to ensure that the human potential covered by this activity involves a near equal number of men and women.(Amendments 94 and 111)Annex II (II), Fourth activity (1)(a)(i), indents>Text following EP vote>- fellowships which facilitate the mobility of researchers in both directions between business and pure science, with the objective of contributing to the free flow of ideas. Encouragement will be given to more experiments with shorter exchange periods, but with greater use being made of technological facilities such as video conferences, the Internet, etc,>Original text>- research training networks, created in advanced and emerging fields of research, on topics freely chosen by the researchers. The accent will be placed on the training of young researchers at pre and post-doctoral level,>Text following EP vote>- research training networks, created in advanced and emerging fields of research, on topics freely chosen by the researchers. The accent will be placed on the training of young researchers at pre and post-doctoral level,>Original text>- a coherent system of 'Marie Curie' fellowships including: fellowships for young high-quality researchers with proven research experience, awarded for topics chosen by the researchers themselves; industrial host fellowships awarded to enterprises (including SMEs) for the training of young researchers; host fellowships to help develop high-level research capacity in the less-favoured regions of the Community. Supplementary fellowship measures will include those to promote the mobility of researchers in both directions between industry and academia, and to provide travel bursaries to centres of excellence for doctoral studies.>Text following EP vote>- a coherent system of 'Marie Curie' fellowships including: fellowships for young high-quality researchers with proven research experience, awarded for topics chosen by the researchers themselves; industrial host fellowships awarded to enterprises (including SMEs) for the training of young researchers; host fellowships to help develop high-level research capacity in the less-favoured regions of the Community. Supplementary fellowship measures will include those to provide travel bursaries to centres of excellence for doctoral studies and research.(Amendment 95)Annex II (II), Fourth Activity (1)(a)(ii)>Original text>The aim is to promote optimum use of research infrastructures (large facilities, networks of distributed facilities, centres of competence) in those areas (including economic, legal and social sciences) not covered by other activities of the Framework Programme, or for categories of infrastructure not considered by those activities. To this end, measures are envisaged to help researchers with transnational access, to set up networks between infrastructure operators and to support research projects to improve access to infrastructures.>Text following EP vote>The aim is to promote optimum use of research infrastructures (large facilities, networks of distributed facilities, centres of competence) in those areas (including mathematical, economic, legal and social sciences) not covered by other activities of the Framework Programme, or for categories of infrastructure not considered by those activities. This latter includes support for the advanced high-speed computer systems and networks needed for research in all fields of science and technology including for example the Internet. To this end, measures are envisaged to help researchers with transnational access, to set up networks between infrastructure operators and to support research projects to improve access to infrastructures.(Amendment 96)Annex II (II), Fourth Activity (1)(a)(iii)>Original text>The objective here is to stimulate, through exchange, scientific and technological excellence and to make the most of the achievements of research. This will be achieved through support for high-level scientific conferences, the networking of Community researchers active outside the Community, distinctions for high-level research work, and action to raise public awareness and to make information on important scientific issues available to the public at Community level via electronic networks.>Text following EP vote>The objective here is to stimulate, through exchange, scientific and technological excellence and to make the most of the achievements of research. This will be achieved through support for high-level scientific conferences, the networking of Community researchers active outside the Community, distinctions for high-level research work (a European Science Prize will be established to reward exceptional scientific achievements under the fifth framework programme), action to raise public awareness and to make information on important scientific issues available to the public at Community level via electronic networks and a slot which will be established on the European television channel EURONEWS for round-the-clock scientific reporting. A weekly programme will report on the Framework Programme for research, covering 'news' (inventions, discoveries, research findings, innovations), projects, invitations to tender, information possibilities, symposia, press reviews, project assessment reports, ethical discussions, etc.(Amendment 123)Annex II (II), Fourth Activity (1)(a)(iv)>Original text>These actions cover a limited number of subjects linked to the general objectives of the framework programme and aim at defining the base for employment-generating social and economic development and for building a European knowledge society. Work will focus primarily on analysing the interplay between technological progress, employment, innovation in education and training, the legal environment and economic competitiveness; studying the socioeconomic impact of the development of services and the 'non-tangible¨ economy; producing and validating new development models fostering growth, employment and quality of life.>Text following EP vote>These actions cover socioeconomic subjects linked to the general objectives of the framework programme and aim at defining the base for employment-generating social and economic development and securing for citizens a greater and fairer share of the benefits of economic progress and a greater degree of self- determination in decision-making. They will also aim at building a European knowledge society. Work will focus primarily on:>Text following EP vote>- analyzing the interplay between technological progress, employment, innovation in education and training, the legal environment and economic competitiveness;>Text following EP vote>- studying the socioeconomic impact of the development of services and the 'non-tangible¨ economy;>Text following EP vote>- producing and validating new development models fostering growth, employment and quality of life;>Text following EP vote>- the importance of and possibilities for management and trade union co-determination to maintain social peace in Europe;>Text following EP vote>- studies of the role of governments, citizens and cultural identities in the process of European integration;>Text following EP vote>- appraisal of scientific and technological alternatives by means of technological impact assessment, dispute mediation procedures and approaches to public discourse designed to ensure that decisions on the introduction of new technologies and products are informed and well thought-out;>Text following EP vote>- the investigation of issues connected with medical ethics, bioethics and information ethics, taking account of basic human values and their importance for the economy;>Text following EP vote>- virtual libraries and museums;>Text following EP vote>- socioeconomic research into the phenomena of xenophobia, racism and migration in Europe, including their economic implications;>Text following EP vote>- socioeconomic research into the topic 'The city of tomorrow'. The aim is to foster the harmonious development of urban life with the aid of comprehensive, innovative and economically more effective concepts. These will be based on advanced organizational models which reconcile, in particular, improvements in the quality of life, the restoration of social balance and the protection and promotion of cultural heritage;>Text following EP vote>- socioeconomic issues of ageing and in connection with disabilities. The aim will be to tackle problems arising from the increasing ageing of the Community population. It will provide the scientific bases for the framing of policies and measures which safeguard and enhance the quality of life and independence of elderly people and which deal with the socioeconomic implications of ageing (e.g. costs of care, long-term safeguarding of social insurance systems). To this end, a multidisciplinary approach is required. At the same time, the competitiveness of health-related industries will be promoted. Priority will be given to the following areas:>Text following EP vote>- sociological and, in particular, demographic studies of population trends (proportion of the population made up by the elderly and disabled);>Text following EP vote>- studies into the shaping of the social and physical environment which takes account of the increasing proportion of the population made up by the elderly and disabled;>Text following EP vote>- studies into the shaping of an efficient and effective welfare service for the elderly and disabled, including studies into the financing of long-term care and pensions;(Amendment 125)Annex III>TABLE>(Amendment 99)Annex IV (1)(a), 1st heading, 2nd paragraph>Original text>Demonstration projects are projects which are designed to prove the technical viability of technologies and which cannot be commercialized directly. They will be financed in principle at a level of 35 % of the eligible costs.>Text following EP vote>Demonstration projects are projects which are designed to prove the technical viability of technologies and their possible economic advantages, and which cannot be commercialized directly. They will be financed in principle at a level of 35 % of the eligible costs, which may rise to 50% for projects that are more distant from the market or have a higher technical and economic risk and in which SMEs participate.(Amendment 124)Annex IV(1)(a), 3rd heading, 2nd paragraph a (new)>Text following EP vote>Improved funding must be offered to the SMEs which participate in projects, particularly the smaller SMEs, increasing the previous ceilings by 5% as a general rule. In addition, the following increments will be applied: 5% for micro- enterprises (with fewer than 50 employees) and 5% for SMEs situated in less-favoured regions;(Amendment 100)Annex IV (1)(a), 3rd heading a (new)>Text following EP vote>- Technology take-up activities>Text following EP vote>Technology take-up activities include technology trials, best practice and first-user actions, and technology assessment and qualification actions, which aim at stimulating broad industrial take-up of technology, particularly in SMEs, and encourage industrial innovation through user- supplier cooperation.>Text following EP vote>The contribution could be up to 100% of eligible direct cost to be defined according to the type of action.(Amendment 101)Annex IV (2)>Original text>The direct RTD actions to be implemented by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) will comprise research activities of an institutional character and scientific and technical support activities of an institutional character. The research activities of an institutional character are those for which the JRC has special or even unique facilities in the Community and which contribute to the implementation of Community RTD policy. The scientific and technical support activities of an institutional character are activities necessary for the framing and implementation of Community policies and tasks incumbent on the Commission pursuant to the Treaty which require the JRC's impartiality. Community funding will normally be 100% of the costs of the direct RTD action.>Text following EP vote>The direct RTD actions to be implemented by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) will comprise research activities of an institutional character and scientific and technical support activities of an institutional character. The research activities of an institutional character are those for which the JRC has special or even unique facilities in the Community and which contribute to the implementation of Community RTD policy. The scientific and technical support activities of an institutional character are activities necessary for the framing and implementation of Community policies and tasks incumbent on the Commission, the European Parliament and the Council pursuant to the Treaty which require the JRC's impartiality. Community funding will normally be 100% of the costs of the direct RTD action.Legislative resolution embodying Parliament's opinion on the proposal and amended proposal for a European Parliament and Council Decision concerning the fifth framework programme of the European Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (1998-2002) (COM(97)0142 - C4-0186/97 + COM(97)0439 - C4-0410/97 - 97/0119(COD))(Codecision procedure: first reading)The European Parliament,- having regard to the Commission proposal to Parliament and the Council, COM(97)0142 ((OJ C 173, 7.6.1997, p. 10.)) - 97/0119(COD) and to the amended Commission proposal to Parliament and the Council, COM(97)0439 ((OJ C 291, 25.9.1997, p. 15.)) - 97/0119(COD),- having regard to Articles 189b(2) and 130i (1) of the EC Treaty, pursuant to which the Commission submitted its proposal (C4-0186/97 and C4-0410/97),- having regard to Rule 58 of its Rules of Procedure,- having regard to the report of the Committee on Research, Technological Development and Energy and the opinions of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development, the Committee on Budgets, the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and Industrial Policy, the Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, the Committee on Regional Policy, the Committee on Transport and Tourism, the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Consumer Protection, the Committee on Culture, Youth, Education and the Media, the Committee on Fisheries and the Committee on Women's Rights (A4-0396/97),1. Approves the Commission proposal, subject to Parliament's amendments;2. Calls on the Commission to alter its proposal accordingly, pursuant to Article 189a(2) of the EC Treaty;3. Calls on the Council to incorporate Parliament's amendments in the common position that it adopts in accordance with Article 189b(2) of the EC Treaty;4. Should the Council intend to depart from the text approved by Parliament, calls on the Council to notify Parliament and requests that the conciliation procedure be initiated;5. Points out that the Commission is required to submit to Parliament any modifications it may intend to make to its proposal as amended by Parliament;6. Instructs its President to forward this opinion to the Council and Commission.