Tempus - Annual report 1996 - PHARE & TACIS
Date: 1997-11-19
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: Central and Eastern Europe, EU programme, higher education, project evaluation, project management

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TEMPUS 

Annual report 1996 

Tacis 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1. 

INTRODUCTION 

1.1.  The origins of Tempus 

1.2.  Tempus I and II 

2.  MAIN FEATURES OF TEMPUS 

2.1.  Strategy: bottom-up approach with top-down orientation 

2.2.  Projects 

Tempus Phare... 

Tempus Tacis 

2.3.  Management of the Programme 

2.4.  Monitoring 

2.5.  Budget 

3.  PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENTS IN 1996 

General 

3.1.  Council Decision on Tempus II Bis 

3.2.  Exploitation of outputs 

Tempus PJiare 

3.3.  New countries in Tempus Phare 

3.4.  Management of JEPs 

Tempus Tacis 

3.5.  New countries in Tempus Tacis 

3.6.  Management of projects 

0 & - 5-

Page 

9 

9 

9 

11 

11 

12 

12 

13 

14 

14 

15 

17 

17 

17 

17 

19 

19 

19 

19 

19 

19 

3.7.  National  Priorities 

3.8.  Compact  Projects 

3.9.  Monitoring  visits 

4.  THE 1996 SELECTION  ROUNDS 

4.1.  Overall Tempus  budget 

4.2.  Tempus  Phare budget 

4.3.  Tempus  Phare  actions 

4.3.1. Joint European  Projects 

4.3.2. Joint European  Networks  (JENs) 

4.3.3.  Compact  Measures  (CMEs) 

4.3.4.  Individual  Mobility  Grants  (IMGs) 

4.4.  Tempus  Tacis Budget 

4.5.  Tempus  Tacis selection procedure 

4.6.  Tempus  Tacis actions 

4.6.1.  Pre-JEPS and  JEPs 

4.6.2. Compact  Projects  (CPs) 

5.  LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 

ANNEX  1 - THE TEMPUS PROGRAMME: OVERALL STATITICS 

ANNEX 2 - FACT SHEETS: TEMPUS PHARE  COUNTRIES 

ANNEX 3 - FACT SHEETS: TEMPUS TACIS COUNTRIES 

20 

20 

20 

21 

21 

22 

23 

23 

25 

25 

25 

26 

28 

28 

28 

30 

31 

33 

37 

51 

-  6  -

GLOSSARY 

of  the  m o st  c o m m o n ly  u s ed  expression  a nd  abbreviations, 
a nd  references  to  their  appearance  in  the  text 

See 

CME 

Compact  Measure  (Tempus  Phare) 

2.2, 3.3, 4.3.3 

Council Decision 

on Tempus  I, Tempus  II and  Tempus  II Bis 

1.2,3.1 

CP 

Compact  Project  (Tempus  Tacis) 

2.2, 3.8, 4.6.2 

(the) Foundation 

European  Training Foundation  in  Turin 
(Italy) 

2.3, 2.4, 3.2, 3.9 

IMG 

JEN 

JEP 

Monitoring 

National Priorities 

NCP 

New  Independent  States 

NTO 

(the) Phare Programme 

Pre-JEP 

RBAP 

Selection 

TIP 

TOP 

Individual  Mobility Grant  (Tempus  Phare) 

2.2, 3.3, 4.3.4 

Joint European  Network  (Tempus  Phare) 

4.3.2 

Joint European  Project  (Tempus  Phare  and 
Tacis) 

2.2, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6, 
3.9,4.3.1,4.6.1 

National  Contact Points  (in EU  Member 
States) 

National Tempus  Office  (in Tempus  Phare 
partner  countries) 

Preparatory  Joint European  Project 
(Tempus  Tacis) 

Revised  Budget and  Activity  Plan 

Tempus  Information  Point (in  Tempus 
Tacis partner  countries) 

Tempus  Output  Promotion 

2.4, 3.9 

2.1,3.7 

2.3 

1.2,2.2,3.2,3.7 

2.1, 2.3, 2.4 

1.1, 1.2 

2.2, 2.4, 4.6.1 

2.4 

2.1,4 

2.3, 2.4 

3.2 

1. 

INTRODUCTION 

1.1. The origins of  Tempus 

The political events of 1989 and 1990 in Central and Eastern Europe had  a dramatic 
impact  on  the  European  Community.  The  Member  States  individually  and 
collectively  found  themselves  facing  unprecedented  challenges  to  the  established 
philosophy  and  procedures  in  external  relations.  From  the  outset  there  was  no 
doubt  in  the  urgency  of  making  an  appropriately  rapid  and  effective  response  to 
these  challenges.  Quick  action  needed  to  be  taken  to  strengthen  the  emerging 
democracies  and capitalise on this unexpected  opportunity  to redirect  the future  of 
Europe. 

Aiming  for  an  integrated  global  response,  the  European  Community  sought  to 
provide  a  comprehensive  framework  for  the  provision  of  practical  assistance  and 
expertise  to  help  the  countries  concerned  restructure  their  economies  and  political 
systems.  An  overall  programme  of  assistance  was  agreed  by  the  Council  of 
Ministers  in  December 1989.  Known  as  Phare1,  it  provided  the  framework  for 
Community  assistance  to the  economic and  social reform  processes  in Central  and 
Eastern Europe. 

The partner  countries themselves identified  higher education and  training as one of 
the priority  areas for  trans-European  cooperation. From an early  stage  a number of 
assistance  programmes  in  the  field  of  education  were  embedded  within  Phare.  In 
January 1990  the  .Commission  submitted 
the  European 
Parliament  its  plans  for  the  creation  of  a  new  Phare  programme  specifically 
designed  to  meet  the  higher  education  needs  of  Central  and  Eastern  Europe.  This 
was the starting signal for Tempus. 

to  the  Council  and 

1.2. Tempus  I and  II 

The Council adopted Tempus on 7 May 1990, for an initial pilot phase of three years 
beginning  on 1 July 1990. A later Council Decision extended  the pilot phase for  one 
year, until  the  end  of  June 1994. Initially  3 countries  were  involved  in  the  scheme: 
Poland,  Czechoslovakia  and  Hungary.  This  number  increased  with  the  years  as 
illustrated  in Figure 1. During 1996 the Former Yugoslav  Republic of Macedonia  as 
well  as  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina  entered  the  Tempus  Phare  Programme  as  new 
eligible countries. 

At  that  time  Phare  stood  for  "Pologne, Hongrie:  Assistance  à  la  Restiucturation  Economique".  The 
current  full  name  is  "Phare-Community  programme  for  assistance  for  economic  restructuring  in 
the countries  of Central  and  Eastern  Europe". 

-  9  -

The  Council  Decision  adopting  the  second  phase  of  the  Tempus  Programme 
(Tempus II) was  taken  on  29 April 1993 2. This  decision  meant  the  continuation  of 
support  for  the  existing  partner  countries  and  the  geographical  extension  of  the 
Programme's  activities  to  the  new  republics  of  the  former  Soviet  Union  (the  New 
Independent  States)  and  Mongolia.  Projects  in  these  countries  - with  the  exception 
of  the  Baltic  States-  were  funded  from  the  overall  Tacis  budget,  the  European 
Union  (EU)  initiative  fostering  the  development  of  harmonious  and  prosperous 
economic  and  political  links  between 
the  New 
Independent  States  and  Mongolia.  Preparatory  activities  in  Belarus,  the  Russian 
Federation  and  the  Ukraine  already  commenced  in  1993. .Where  necessary  this 
report will make a distinction between Tempus  Phare' and Tempus Tacis'. 

the  European  Union  and 

T e m p us  I 
1992 

1991 

1990 

T e m p us  II 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Phare 
Albania 
Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 
Bulgaria 
Czech  Republic 
Former  DDR 
Estonia 
Hungary 
Latvia 
Lithuania 
Former Yugoslav Republic  of  Macedonia 
Poland 
Romania 
Slovak  Republic 
Slovenia 
Former  Yugoslavia 

Tacis 
Armenia 
Azerbaijan 
Belarus 
Georgia 
Kazakhstan 
Kyrgyztan 
Moldova 
Mongolia 
Russian  Federation 
Tajikistan 
Turkmenistan 
Ukraine 
Uzbekistan 

1990 

1991 

1992 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Fig.  1: Phare and Tacis country participation in Tempus between 1990 and 1996 

OJ N° L112/34, 6 May 1993. 

- 1 0-

2.  MAIN FEATURES OF TEMPUS 

2.1. Strategy: bottom-up  approach with  top-down 

orientation 

Strategically  speaking  Tempus  mainly  follows  what  is  called  a  bottom-up  approach. 
Support  concentrates  on  innovation  at the base  of  the university-pyramid,  i.e. in  the 
departments  and  faculties  and  not  at  central  planning  level.  The  rationale  behind 
this  approach  is  the  assumption  that  reform  will  be  less  easily  accepted  when 
imposed  through  hierarchical  structures.  Project  initiation  and  management  at 
departmental  and  faculty  level  also  increase  the  sense  of  ownership  over  projects. 
Finally, the  Programme  as a whole  is more  likely  to correspond  to the  reform  needs 
on  the "shop  floor". 

In  recent  years  several  special  actions  have  added  a  top-down  aspect  to  the 
Programme  in  areas  where  the  steering  of  activities  was  felt  necessary.  Current 
examples  include  the  Tempus  Phare  Compact  Measures  and  the  Tempus  Tacis 
Compact  Projects. 

Another  way  in  which  the  scope  of  the  programme  under  Tempus  II  has  been 
controlled  in  a  more  top-down  manner  is  the  restriction  of  project  activities  to 
specific  areas:  the  'National  Priorities'.  These  annually  reviewed  listings  reflect  the 
needs  in  the  current  phase  of  the  overall  socio-economic  development  of  each 
specific  partner  country.  They  are  jointly  identified  by  the  national  authorities  and 
the Commission  and  published  in  the  Guide for  Applicants.  By using  the  priorities  as 
one  of  the  selection  parameters,  Tempus  has  been  able  to  continue  to  develop 
greater  relevance  to the  specific  processes  of reform  in each partner  country  while  at 
the  same  time  giving  applicants  guidance  in  their  efforts.  In  recent  years  the 
national  priorities  are  less  focused  on  academic  subject  areas  but  address  more 
structural 
the  national  priorities  have  become 
the  top-down  element  in  the  Tempus 
instrumental  for  gradually  reinforcing 
Programme.  This evolution  is demonstrated  by: 

instead.  In 

this  way 

issues 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the  direct  link  between  Tempus  national  priorities  and  the  pre-accession 
strategy  for  those  Phare  partner  countries  with  which  the  EU  has  signed 
Association  Agreements  ; 

the  fact  that  the  national  priorities  are  directly  complementary  to  legislative 
reform  processes  in higher  education ; 

the  emphasis  on 
innovative  management 
practices  at  universities  which  are  listed  in  the  national  priorities  of  all  the 
partner  countries; 

institutional  development  and 

the  national  priorities  focus  on 
development,  course accreditation  and  credit transfer  issues. 

the  structural  approach 

in  curriculum 

-  11  -

The  top-down  orientation  was  further  promoted  during  1996 with  the  organisation 
of  2-day  training  seminars  which  took  place  in  several  Phare  partner  countries  and 
organised  by  qualified  EU  expert  organisations  in  collaboration  with  the  respective 
National  Tempus  Offices  (NTOs).  The  Academic  Cooperation  Association  (ACA) 
organised  2-day  training  seminars  on 'Academic  Accreditation  and  Credit  Transfer' 
for  Strategic 
in  Bulgaria  and 
'University 
Management  of  Universities 
'University 
Management  and  Autonomy' 
Financial Management'  in  Slovenia. 

(ESMU)  held 
training  seminars  on 
in  Hungary  and  Romania  and  on 

the  Czech  Republic.  The  European  Centre 

2.2.  Projects 

Tempus  supports  cooperation  projects  between  EU  Member  States  and  partner 
countries  in Central  and  Eastern  Europe, the New  Independent  States and  Mongolia 
in  the  field  of  higher  education.  To  this  end  the  Programme  regularly  calls  for 
proposals  for  a variety  of project  types. 

Tempus Phare 

In  the  Phare  countries  the  majority  of  Tempus  activities  take  place  within  Joint 
European  Projects  (JEPs).  A  JEP  is  a  multi-lateral  cooperation  project  between 
recognised  higher  education  institutions  from  at  least  two  countries  in  the  EU  and 
one  of  the  partner  countries.  Universities  from  other  G24  countries,  Malta  and 
Cyprus  as  well  as  enterprises  from  all  countries  concerned  can  also  participate  as 
associated  partners. The maximum  duration  of  a JEP is three  years. 

A  second  category  of  project,  and  an  area  of  increasing  importance,  is  the  Compact 
Measures,  or  CMEs.  Compact  Measures  replaced  Complementary  Measures  in 
1996. They  aim to increase Tempus'  impact on the organisational  and  administrative 
aspects of higher  education.  CMEs are typically  short  (one- or two-year)  projects. 

The Compact  Measures  scheme consists of  three  strands: 

• 

Strand  1,  focusing  on  institutional  restructuring  and  university  management 
development.  This category  is subdivided  into: 

0 

la.  Preparatory  studies. 

0 

l b. 

Implementation  of previous  findings. 

• 

• 

Strand  2, focusing  on  dissemination  of Tempus  or other  project  results. 

Strand  3, focusing  on policy  development  at national  authority  level. 

i? 

Finally, Tempus awards Individual Mobility Grants (IMGs) in the Phare countries. 
Through  these, individual  (ad hoc) visits of higher  education  staff,  senior  Ministry 
officials  and education planners from East to West and vice-versa can be  funded. 

Types of activity are organised into three groups, each with a specific time limit: 

•  Course and materials development  (1 week to 3 months) 

•  Staff  development  (1 week to 3 months) 

•  Activities to support the development of higher education (1 week to 1 month). 

Tempus Tacis 

Tempus  Tacis  supports  Joint  European  Projects  (JEPs)  similar  to  those  under 
Tempus  Phare,  apart  from  the  number  of  project  partners  which  is  subject  to  a 
minimum  of  two  and  a  maximum  of  three  participating  EU institutions  and  only 
one partner in the Tacis countries per JEP. 

Tempus  Tacis  JEPs  are  preceded  by  pre-JEPs.  These  are  projects  intended  for 
preparatory  contact,  mobility,  and  other  activities  and  are  a  compulsory  first  step 
before  a proposal for  a 'full-size'  JEP can be submitted.  The fixed  duration  of a pre-
JEP  is  one  year.  The  ensuing  JEP  has  to  be  carried  out  with  the  same  group  of 
partners  as  featured  in  the  pre-JEP  (possibly  expanded  with  a  third  EU  partner). 
Not all pre-JEP consortia are awarded a subsequent JEP grant. 

Compact Projects  (CPs), the third type of Tempus Tacis project, were introduced  in 
the  reporting  year.  They  address  precisely  defined,  short-term  needs.  Activities 
must  focus  on  university  administration,  the  development  of  the  national  higher 
education  system  or  the  improvement  of  external  relations  (with  universities  or 
other  parties  in  the  international  community,  the  national  education  system,  or  in 
the local economic and social field). 

Tempus Tacis features no Individual Mobility Grants. 

The Tempus Tacis project  structure  is currently  being reviewed  for  implementation 
from 1997 onwards. 

-  13  -

2.3. Management of the Programme 

For  the  implementation  of  the  scheme,  the  Commission 
is  assisted  by  a 
management  committee  composed  of  two  representatives  appointed  by  each 
Member  State  and  chaired  by  a  Commission  representative.  The  management 
committee is referred  to as the Tempus Committee. 

Technical  assistance  for  the  implementation  of  the  programme  is provided  by  the 
Tempus Department of the European Training Foundation in Turin following  the 
guidelines of the European Commission Directorate-General XXII in Brussels. 

In the Phare countries  the Foundation  is assisted  by  the  National  Tempus  Offices 
(NTOs). They are the programme's  main links to the national authorities of  Central 
and  Eastern  Europe  and  perform  parts  of  the  day-to-day  administration  of  the 
Programme. 

In the Tacis partner  countries a network  of Tempus  Information Points  (TIPs) has 
been  established  in  order  to  ensure  appropriate  support  on  the  spot.  They  assist 
with  the implementation  of  the Tempus  Programme by  disseminating  information 
about  the  Programme,  providing  information  on  the  status  of  higher  education  in 
the partner countries and giving practical support to project operators. 

In  the  EU Member  States  designated  National  Contact  Points  (NCPs)  assist  with 
the  dissemination  of  programme  information,  project  submission  guidelines  and 
forms, and general support through, amongst others, the organisation of  workshops 
and coordinators' meetings. 

2.4. Monitoring 

Following the revision of all Tempus monitoring procedures, an overall  monitoring 
policy  was  adopted  in  1995  and  implemented  during  1996.  Three  types  of 
monitoring  at  the  disposal  of  the  programme  management  were  identified  and 
instructions on their usage were  defined. 

In  the  new  monitoring  policy  emphasis  is  put  on  the  improvement  of  preventive 
monitoring by increasing transparency of procedures and improving  dissemination 
of  information.  Complementing  the  traditional  means  of  preventive  monitoring 
(e.g. monitoring  letters and workshops)  a hot-line for project  contractors  compiling 
Annual  Reports  and  Revised  Budget  and  Activity  Plans  (RBAPs)  opened  in 
September 1996  and  electronic  means  of  information  dissemination  were  put  in 
place. In addition,  all Tempus  project  contractors  received  a Tempus  Management 
Handbook  and  explanatory  leaflets  ('the  Tempuzzle')  in which  the contractual  and 
administrative  terms  of  Tempus  projects  are  clarified  in  simple  terms  and  project 
contractors are provided with practical hints for efficient  project  management. 

-  14  -

Through  desk  monitoring  the  performance  of  projects  is  assessed  in  terms  of 
progress,  organisation  and  financial  management.  The  RBAPs,  Annual  and  Final 
Reports and regular correspondence are the main tools used for desk monitoring. 

The progress  of  projects  is  also  followed  through  field  monitoring  in  the  form  of 
site  visits.  Under  Tempus  Phare  a  full  programme  of  monitoring  visits  is  agreed 
with  all  NTOs  each  year.  Visits  are  carried  out  by  NTO  staff  together  -when 
possible - with  staff  of  the  Foundation.  Following  each visit,  recommendations  are 
made  for  follow-up  and  feedback  is  given  to  the  project  partners.  Tempus  Tacis 
monitoring  visits  to  JEPs  are  carried  out  by  the  Tacis  Monitoring  and  Evaluation 
Team, based  on information  supplied  by the Foundation  Programme  Manager. For 
pre-JEPs and Compact Projects the TIPs carry out monitoring visits, again joined by 
Foundation staff  whenever possible. 

The  monitoring  visits  provide  a  valuable  opportunity  to  assess  the  impact  of 
the 
Tempus  actions  at  an  institutional 
appropriateness of Tempus policy within the institution  concerned. 

level  and,  if  applicable,  to  judge 

2.5. Budget 

Two factors  determine the total budget available for Tempus activities: 

• 

• 

the  national  Phare  and  Tacis  budgets,  which  are  determined  annually  by  the 
Commission; 

the  proportion  of  Phare  or  Tacis  funds  which  each  of  the  national  authorities 
allocates for Tempus activities. 

Every  year  each  partner  country  decides  how  much  of  its  total  Phare  or  Tacis 
budget it wishes to allocate to Tempus activities. From this amount of money  newly 
selected projects  are funded  for  the whole of their  duration  even if they extend  into 
the next year(s). This mechanism  is referred  to as pluri-annual funding.  Thus a 1996 
budget  of  ECU 600 000  could  fund  e.g.  two  new  ECU 300 000  projects  for  three 
years  instead  of  only  the  first  year  of  six  similar  projects.  This  is  to  safeguard 
continuity  in  the  operation  of  three-year  projects.  It  also  offers  contractors  more 
in  managing  their  projects,  allowing  them  to  carry  over  certain 
flexibility 
proportions  of  the  funds  available  for  one  year  to  a  subsequent  year  where 
appropriate. 

- 1 5-

Budget  evolution  Phare  (in  MECU) 

Budget  evolution  of Tempus  allocation  and percentage  of global  Phare  budget 

1990 

i r t H i iW filin  11 

ALB 
Tempus & 
proportion 

BG 
Tempus & 
proportion 

CZ 
Tempus & 
proportion 

EE 
Tempus & 
proportion 

H 
Tempus & 
proportion 

LV 
Tempus & 
proportion 

LT 
Tempus & 
proportion 

PL 
Tempus & 
proportion 

RO 
Tempus & 
proportion 

SLO 
Tempus & 
proportion 

SK 
Tempus & 
proportion 

m 

5% 

1.2 

m 

8% 

2.5 

-m 
6% 

2.4 

88 

l is 

3.5 

4% 

9.6 

5% 

75 

7% 

87.5 

90 

85 

9% 

15 

17% 

12 

14% 

12 

m 

14% 

420.5 

52 

12% 

22.6 

2.5 

11% 

66 
6  I 9% 

66.6 

10 

15% 

60 

60 

110 

385 2 

13% 

5.5 

9% 

7% 

40 

10% 

10 

22.5 

68.5 

1 

10% 

1.5 

13% 

1.5 

7% 

1.5 

6% 

5.5 

8% 

89.8 

119.5 

98.5 

100 

85 

92 

584.8 

6.2 

\  7% 

12 

j  10% 

16 

j  16% 

16 

j  16% 

16 

19% 

16 

17% 

82.2 

14% 

15 

1.5 

10% 

18 

11% 

29.5 

7% 

32 5 

95 

6% 

7.5 

20 

25 

39 

42 

1.5 

8% 

2.5 

10% 

5% 

3.5 

126 

9.5 

8% 

180.8 

197 

200 

225 

209 

22.4 

7% 

13.5 

7% 

26 

13% 

35 

16% 

35 

17% 

30 

174 

1185 8 
17%  151.9  13% 

104 
10  !  10% 

126 

130 

100 

13 

j  10% 

18 

\  14% 

12 

i  12% 

18 

66 
\  27% 

526 
71  !  13% 

10 

24 

25 

68 

2.3 

26% 

3.5 

35% 

2.5 

10% 

2.6 

10% 

10.9 

16% 

11.3 
1.2  \  11% 

33 

33.3 

9% 

5 

j  35% 

5 

40 
i  13% 

40 
\  13% 

5 

46 
\ 11% 

5 

203.6 
24.2  \  12% 

Sub-total 
Total Tempus 

3045 
22.3  7% 

594.5 
403  8% 

690.9 
$&£  12% 

740 
109  j 15% 

736 
ms  13% 

782.5 
tmt tm> 

3 848.4 
4643  %2% 

Regional funds 

Former DDR 

Yugoslavia 

Overhang'  funds 
Baltics &ALB 

0.9 

-

15 

6 

Total  Tempus 

23.2 

70.5 

12.5 

10.25 

37.75 

0.9 

6 
9.9 

m 

129.15 

95.9 

102.1 

518, E3 

16  -

3.  PROGRAMME  DEVELOPMENTS IN 1996 

General 

3.1. Council Decision on Tempus II Bis 

Following  positive  recommendations  in  a  1995  external  evaluation  and  moreover 
the  need  to  consolidate  and  complete  the  restructuring  of  Phare  countries  higher 
education  systems,  the  Council  of  Ministers  decided  on  21 November  1996  to 
amend  Decision  93/246/ EEC  (adopting  Tempus  II)  in  order  to  extend  the  original 
four  year  period  by  two  years  to  continue  until  30 June  2000 3.  No  major  technical 
changes  are  foreseen  for  the  period  between  1 July 1998  and  30  June  2000  but 
activities  complementing  those  of  other  European  mobility  programmes  will  be 
increasingly  emphasised  in  those  Phare  countries  with  which  the  EU  signed 
Association  Agreements  regarding  access to Socrates and  Leonardo. 

In  the near  future  the  associated  Phare  countries  (10) will start  their  participation  in 
the  Socrates  Programme.  In  this  perspective,  Tempus  activities  in  these  associated 
Phare  countries  will  be  reoriented  within  the  existing  technical  and  operational 
framework.  Academic  preferences  for  Tempus  will  be  exclusively  focused  on  fields 
in  direct  relation  to  European  integration  and  EU  pre-accession  and  the  Tempus 
national  priorities  will  be  directed,  besides  to  the  requirements  for  accession,  to  the 
structural  conditions  for  successful  academic mobility within  Socrates. 

3.2. Exploitation of  outputs 

In  1995,  the  Commission  together  with  the  Foundation's  Tempus  Department, 
launched  the  Tempus  Output  Promotion  (TOP)  project  in  an  effort  to  maximise  the 
(added)  value  of  the Tempus  Programme  through  the  analysis  and  dissemination  of 
its  achievements.  The  objectives  are  different  for  the  two  identified  phases  of  the 
project. 

The  first  phase  - the  largest  part  of  which  was  in  1996  and  concerned  mostly 
Tempus  Phare  - focused  on  the  analysis  of  Tempus'  impact  in  fields  which  will  be 
of  strategic  importance  in  the  years  to  come.  Different  teams  of  experts  carried  out 
five  studies  in  the following  fields: 

•  University  Management 

•  University  - Enterprise  Cooperation 

3  OJ K '  L306/36,  28 November  1996. 

17  -

• 

Student  Opportunities 

•  National  Higher  Education  Reform 

•  Mutual  Benefits  ('From  assistance  to  cooperation'). 

too  rich  a  sample  of  recommendations 

The  analyses  provided 
future 
developments  to  discuss  in  this  context.  They  will  be  published  in  eariy  1997.  On 
the  basis  of  the  research  carried  out  for  the  studies  a  start  was  made  with  the 
production  of  a  series  of  handbooks  for  project  participants  and  the  academic 
community  in  general. 

for 

The  second  phase  of  TOP  started  in  late  1996 and  will  focus  on  the  development  of 
mechanisms  to  disseminate  outputs  of  the  Tempus  Programme.  Already  in  the 
reporting  year  a  database  with  the  results  of  all  finished  Tempus  JEPs  was 
established.  Additionally,  the  first  part  of  a  large  set  of  information  sheets,  the 
Tempus  at  Work  series,  was  prepared  for  printing  in  late  1996.  The  series  will, 
amongst  others,  feature: 

• 

• 

general Tempus, Tempus  Phare, and  Tempus  Tacis sheets; 

separate  sheets  on  the  roles of  all countries  (EU and  partner  countries)  involved 
in  Tempus; 

• 

separate  sheets  on all current Tempus Tacis JEPs; 

•  • summary  sheets  of the results  of the above mentioned  analyses; 

• 

sheets  on Tempus  activity  in specific  subject  areas. 

For  1997,  a  number  of  handbooks  related  to  issues  important  to  the  pre-accession 
phase  of  the  associated  Phare partner  countries  is to be produced.  The  production  of 
these  handbooks  will  build  upon  the  analyses  and  experiences  from  the  first  phase 
of  TOP  within  Tempus  Phare  (university  management,  and  university  enterprise 
cooperation).  Additionally,  a  handbook  on  dissemination  and  sustainability  of 
Tempus  project  results  is  foreseen.  These  three  handbooks  will  be  produced  by 
expert  teams  in close collaboration  with  the Commission  and  the  Foundation. 

TOP Tacis  started  in  1996 and  has  been  developed  on  the  basis  of  the  experience  of 
TOP Phare  and  in close cooperation  with  Tempus  Phare. Under  Tempus  Tacis,  TOP 
aims  at  feeding  directly  into  the  current  activities  of  the  Tempus  Programme  in  the 
New  Independent  States  and  Mongolia.  TOP  Tacis  activities  in  the  start  up  phase 
included:  a  database  with  concrete  outputs  of  all current  Tacis JEPs  to  be  formatted 
into  an  Output  Compendium  and  the  Tempus  at  Work  sheets  covering  Tacis  JEPs  and 
countries  which  will be made  available  as a tool for  publicity. 

18 

Tempus Phare 

3.3. New  countries  in Tempus  Phare 

In  1996  both  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina  and  the  Former  Yugoslav  Republic  of 
Macedonia became eligible for  support  through Tempus. The Commission  prepared 
a number  of immediate measures for 1996 to quickly integrate them into the Tempus 
Programme. A call for 'Pre-Tempus Compact Measures' in 1996 resulted in 10 project 
proposals  for  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina,  7 of which  were  approved  during  a  special 
selection round. 

Two  MECU  was  made  available  for  special  1996  actions  in  the  Former  Yugoslav 
Republic of  Macedonia.  A call was made for  East-West IMGs aimed at  establishing 
contacts.  Thirty-one  Individual  Mobility  Grants  were  finally  awarded.  A  National 
Tempus  Office  was  successfully  established  in  Skopje.  Preparations  for  a  Tempus 
Office  for  Bosnia and Herzegovina  are being made and hopefully  the recruitment of 
staff  should  take place at the beginning of 1997. Full participation  of both  countries 
will commence in 1997. 

3.4. Management  of JEPs 

In  1996 Bulgaria  was  added  to  the  list  of  countries  whose  partner  institutions  can 
act  as  JEP  contractors.  As  a  result,  this  construction  was  applied  in  6  out  of  the 
22 new JEP proposals  accepted  for  funding  in 1996. In 1996 Albania  and  the  Baltic 
States  were  the  only  Phare  countries  for  which  this  construction  was  not  yet 
accepted. The Baltic States will become eligible for JEP contractorship in 1997. 

Tempus Tacis 

3.5. New  countries  in Tempus  Tacis 

The  central  Asian  countries  of  Tajikistan  and  Turkmenistan  became  eligible  for 
support  through  the  Tempus  Tacis  Programme  in  1996. A call for  applications  for 
Tempus projects  was made  in both countries. For Tajikistan  applications for  10 pre-
JEPs and  1 Compact  Project were submitted.  For Turkmenistan  5 Pre-JEP proposals 
were received. Due to the fact  that by the end of 1996 a decision had yet to be taken 
on  the  size  of  the  total  budgets  available  for  both  countries  projects  did  not 
commence in the reporting year. 

3.6. Management  of  projects 

In  Tempus  Tacis  JEPs  only  EU  partner  universities  can  take  on  the  role  of 
contracting and coordinating institutions. 

- 19 

3.7. National  Priorities 

Until  now  one  set  of  priorities  for  Tacis  projects  was  used  for  all  countries  in  the 
New  Independent  States  and  Mongolia.  In 1996  the  Commission 
introduced 
separate  priority  subject  listings  for  all  countries  individually.  These  priorities, 
details  of  which  can  be  found  in  the  annexes  to  this  report,  were  published  after 
ratification  by 
these 
priorities  were  considered  for  funding  in the 1996 selection  rounds. 

the  national  authorities.  Only  projects  complying  v/ith 

3.8. Compact  Projects 

In  1996  Tempus  Tacis  introduced  Compact  Projects  as  a  means  to  support  self-
contained  and  targeted  actions  responding  to  precisely  defined,  short-term  needs. 
Activities  must  focus  on  university  administration,  the  development  of  the  national 
higher  education  system,  or 
(with 
universities  or  other  parties  in  the  international  community,  the  national  education 
system,  or  in  the local economic  and  social  field). 

improvement  of  external 

relations 

the 

Proposals  for  CPs  may  be  submitted  by  consortia  which  include  EU  institutions  with 
relevant  experience  in  the  New  Independent  States  and  Mongolia  and  a  sound 
knowledge  of  the  local  context.  The  maximum  duration  of  a  CP  is  18 months.  CP 
grants  can  be  awarded  up  to  ECU 80 000  and  cannot  be  followed  by  a  subsequent 
Joint European  Project. 

3.9. Monitoring  visits 

As  from  1996,  the  Commission  has  adopted  a  new  approach  for 
the  field 
monitoring  of  current  JEPs.  Tempus  Tacis  monitoring  visits  to  Joint  European 
Projects  are  now  carried  out  by  the  Tacis  Monitoring  and  Evaluation  Team.  The 
required  information  is provided  by  the  Foundation. 

The  objective  of  field  monitoring  is  to  evaluate  the  progress  of  project  activities 
towards  the  achievement  of  the  objective  and  to  provide  assistance  to  the  project 
consortium  in  order  to improve  project  performance  from  an  implementation  point 
of  view.  In  addition,  the  potential  sustainability  of  results  is  evaluated,  especially 
for  projects  in  their  final  year,  and  options  for  better  coordination  with  other 
Tempus  or Tacis projects  are  indicated. 

Each  project  is  visited  at  least  once  in  its  life  by  the  Monitoring  and  Evaluation 
Teams.  A  second  visit  may  be  carried  out  if  the  first  indicated  serious  problems 
which  need  to be followed  up. 

In 1996, twenty-two  visits  to JEPs which  started  in 1994 were  carried  out. 

- 2 0-

4.  THE 1996 SELECTION  ROUNDS 

4.1. Overall Tempus  budget 

The  Central  and  Eastern  European  national  governments  allocated  a  total  amount 
of  MECU  83.05 to Tempus  Phare  activities in 1996. For  the countries  participating  in 
Tempus  Tacis  this  figure  was  MECU 20.5 4.  The  table  below  (Figure 2)  shows  how 
the amounts  compare  to those of earlier  years. 

1996 

1995 

1994 

1993 

1992 

1991 

1990 

0 

1 
20 

r 
40 

1 
60 

r 
80 

129,2 

H Tacis 

•  Phare 

1 
100  120  140 

1 

1 

Fig. 2: Tempus allocations between 1990 and 1996 in  MECU 

4  This  figure  only  refers  to  the  following  Tacis  countries:  Russian  Federation,  Ukraine,  Belarus, 

Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Georgia,  Mongolia  and  Uzbekistan. See 4.4. 

-  21  -

4.2. Tempus  Phare  budget 

The  total amount  available  in  1996 for  Tempus  activities  in  the  Phare  countries  was 
MECU 83.5.  Figure 3 shows  a  breakdown  of  this  figure  into  the  respective  national 
allocations  for  Tempus  activities  in  1996.  The  average  per  year  for  each  country 
since participation  is added  for  comparison. 

Fig. 3: Tempus funds  in MECU  per Phare partner country  in 1996 compared 
with  the average per year since inclusion in the scheme. 

Note:  The  average  figures  for  Slovenia,  as  well  as  for  the 
the 

Slovak  Republic  and  the  Czech  Republic  are 
averages  since these countries became  independent. 

The  budgets  for  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina  and  the 
Former  Yugoslav  Republic  of  Macedonia  cover  not 
only  1996 but  also 1997. 

-  22  -

4.3. Tempus  Phare  actions 

4.3.1.  Joint European Projects 

JEP applications  are,.considered  for  support  through  a cooperative  decision  making 
process  which  consists  of  several  different  stages.  This  selection  process 
is 
illustrated  in  Flowchart  1 overleaf. 

Results  of  the  1996 JEP selection  round 

During  the  second  quarter  of  1996 the  selection of Joint European  Projects  to  start  in 
September  of  that  year  took  place.  The  results  of  that  selection  round  are  given  in 
the table below. The 1995 figures  are included  for  comparison. 

Number  of new  JEP proposals  received 
Number  of new  JEPs proposed  for  funding 
Success  rate 
Average JEP grant  allocated 
Number  of JEPs renewed  in  1995/96 
Total number  of JEPs supported  in  1995/96 

1995 

916 
229 
25% 
ECU 375 649 
247 
485 

1996 

611 
183 
30% 
ECU 348 561 
455 
638 

Out  of  the  611 applications  received,  474  complied  with  the  national  priorities  and 
of those  183 were  proposed  for  funding. 

Compared  with  last  year  there  has  been  a  decrease  of  30%  in  the  number  of 
applications  received.  The  percentage  of  applications  complying  with  the  priorities 
has  remained  stable  at  around  77%.  The  decrease  in  the  number  of  applications 
varies considerably  from  countiy  to country, ranging  from  8% in  Romania  to 50% in 
the  Czech  Republic.  The  narrow  priorities  defined  for  each  countiy  and 
the 
expectations  created  by  the  prospect  of  access  to other  EU  programmes  are  possible 
explanations  for  this  decrease. 

In comparison  with  1995 the  success  rate has  increased.  The  183 applications  proposed 
for  approval  this  year  represent  30%  of  the  total  number  of  applications  received 
and  39% of  those  complying  with  the  priorities. These  figures  were  of  25% and  30% 
respectively  for  the  229 applications  approved  last  year.  With  less  applications  in 
competition  the budget  restrictions  have had  only  a limited  impact. 

Statistical  data  on  country  participation,  subject  distribution  and  a  breakdown  of 
details per  country  can be found  in the annexes  to this  report. 

2 3-

Joint selection procedure and technical implementation  in 1996 

Priority 
setting 

National  authorities, in agreement  with  the Commission,  define 
priorities for  action and  objectives  to be reached  by Tempus.  These 
are published  and  dispatched  to all  interested. 

Technical 
implementation 

First  stage: 
priority  evaluation 

Second  stage: 
quality  evaluation 

Identification  of  applications  respecting  priorities. 

B i B B i B B Bi 

S B S BB 

B S B H ff 

Technical quality  assessment  of 
the applications  in priority  areas. 

Assessment  of  academic 
relevance  and  quality  of 
applications  in priority  areas  by 
partner countries'  academic 
experts. 

Identification  of projects in three different  lists: 
1. projects  potentially  proposed  for  funding 
2. projects  potentially  proposed  for  reserve list, to funded  if budget  allows 
3. projects  for  expert  meeting where  specific  experts' advice is  sought 

mmimm^é&iM^^mÈ&mm^^mMÉMmmm^m 

wmmmmmmmmmmEES 

Expert meeting  of EU and  partner  countries'  academic  experts 
under  the chairmanship  of  the  Commission. 

mmeM^Mm*ti&mimw-&mm>Mmïmkm*»M mmmmmmhmum 

Final  decision  on  the proposed  projects  by  the Commission  after 
consultation  of  the partner  country  authorities. 

Notification  of  the results  to  the  applicants. 

Final  decision 

Notification 

Flowchart N° 1 

-  24 

4.3.2.  Joint  European Networks  (JENs) 

The  Joint  European  Network  action  - allowing  the  most  successful  completed  Joint 
European  Projects  to maintain  their  networks  over  a period  of  up  to  two  years  with 
an  emphasis  on  the  dissemination  of  results  -  was  discontinued  in  1996.  A  part  of 
their  role has  been  taken  over  by  the  new  Compact  Measures.  However,  46  projects 
approved  in  1995 entered  their second  and  last year  of operation  in  1996. 

4.3.3.  Compact  Measures (CMEs) 

The  selection  process  for  CMEs  is  split  up  into  two  stages.  The  first  stage  of  the 
assessment  process,  dealing  with  the  quality  assessment  of  the  projects,  is  carried 
out  by  the  NTOs. The  second  stage,  a review  of  all  NTO  assessments,  is  carried  out 
by  the Foundation  following  guidelines  agreed  with  the  Commission. 

Results  of  the  1996 CME selection  round 

First selection  round (June 1996)* 
Number  of  applications 
Number  of  applications  supported 
Success  rate 
Total  budget 
Average  size of  grant 

CME  figures  for  '96: only  on  1st section  round 

126 
68 
48% 
ECU 2 552 260 
ECU 37533 

4.3.4.  Individual  Mobility  Grants  (IMGs) 

In  1996,  the  selection  of  all  East-West  mobility  was  carried  out  by  the  NTOs.  They 
were  also  responsible  for  the  payment  of  the  corresponding  grants.  In  addition,  the 
West-East  IMGs  to  Poland  were  selected  by  the  NTO  in  Warsaw.  The  remaining 
part  of  the  selection  process  was  carried  out by  the  Foundation  following  guidelines 
agreed  with  the  Commission.  National  conditions  and  preferences  included  in  the 
Guide for  Applicants  formed  part  of  the  selection  criteria  for  the  Individual  Mobility 
Grants. 

-  25 

Results of the 1996 IMG selection round 

There  were  two  selection  rounds  for  IMGs, one  in  February  and  one  in  June.  The 
results were as follows: 

First selection round (February 1996) 
Number of applications 
Number of applications  supported 
Success rate 
Total budget 
Average size of  grant 

Second selection round (June 1996) 
Number of applications 
Number of applications  supported 
Success rate 
Total budget 
Average size of  grant 

851 
546 
64% 
ECU 1 411 560 
ECU 2 585 

951 
574 
60% 
ECU 1 363 030 
ECU 2 375 

An additional 31 East-West IMGs were awarded  to staff  from  the Former  Yugoslav 
Republic  of  Macedonia  in  late  1996. These  have  not  been  included  in  the  above 
tables.  For  statistical  details  on  the  1996  IMGs, please  refer  to  the  annexes  to  this 
report. 

4.4. Tempus Tacis  Budget 

In  1996  all  Tacis  countries  apart  from  the  Russian  Federation  and  the  Ukraine 
started  to  receive  their  Tacis funding  for  Tempus  activities  on  a biennial  basis.  As 
funding  is released  at different  points  during  the two-year  budget  period,  only  the 
budgets  for  the  Russian  Federation,  Ukraine,  Belarus,  Armenia,  Azerbaijan, 
Georgia, Mongolia  and  Uzbekistan  were  approved  before  the  end  of  the  reporting 
year.  New  projects  in  Moldova,  Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan,  Turkmenistan  and 
Tajikistan  could not therefore commence before 1997. 

As a direct result of the new two-year financing  structure, money has to be set aside 
for  the  next  academic  year  in  order  to  fund  JEPs  emanating  from  pre-JEPs  which 
were financed  in  1996. In Georgia  and  Azerbaijan  funds  were  so limited  that  only 
full scale JEPs could be supported  in 1996. 

The budget  figures  used  in this report refer  only to the actual allocation  to Tempus 
activities  in  1996. These  figures  do  not  include  any  carry  over  to  1997 of  funds  in 
order to finance JEPs emanating from  pre-JEPs which were financed  in 1996. 

-  26 

The total Tempus  allocation for  1996 was MECU 19.4. Figure 4 shows a  breakdown 
of this amount into the respective national allocations for Tempus activities in 1996. 
The Tempus allocation for each country for 1995 is added for  comparison. 

Fig. 4: Tempus funds in MECU per Tacis country, 1995 and 1996  figures. 

Note:  Due to the biennial funding  construction no funds  for 
Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan,  Moldova  and  the  newly 
included partner countries, Tajikistan  and  Turkmenistan 
have been released yet. They have therefore  not been 
included in this chart. 

The availability of Tacis funds  differed  from country to country in comparison  with 
1995.  The  Russian  Federation's  Tempus  budget  dropped  from  MECU 11.575  to 
MECU 7.8, whereas  funds  in  the  Ukraine  increased  from  MECU 3.83 6  in  1995  to 
MECU 4.9 in 1996. 

5  The  Tempus  budget  of  the  Russian  Federation  in  1995 consisted  of  an  allocation  of  MECU  9  from 

the national  budget  and  of MECU  2.57 from  the Inter-State  budget. 

6  The  Tempus  budget  of  Ukraine  in  1995  consisted  of  an  allocation  of  MECU  3  from  the  national 

budget  and  of  MECU  0.83 from  the Inter-State  budget. 

-  27 

4.5. Tempus Tacis selection  procedure 

For  Tempus  Tacis  projects,  a  two  stage  selection  cycle  was  employed  (see 
Flowchart 2 overleaf). The first  stage, carried out by the Foundation, focused  on the 
formal  and  technical aspects of the applications: number  and  eligibility  of  partners, 
compliance  with  priority  areas, project  management,  financial  issues, feasibility  of 
project  objectives  and  strategy. During the second stage, the academic  relevance of 
shortlisted projects  was assessed by senior academic experts from  the EU and  partner 
countries.  Based  on  the  results  of  the  two  stages  a  list  of  projects  proposed  for 
funding  was drawn up. The final decision was made by the European Commission. 

4.6. Tempus  Tacis  actions 

4.6.1.  Pre-JEPS and JEPs 

A  total  number  of  241 pre-JEP  applications  was  received  for  the  1996  call  for 
applications,  59 of  which  were  selected  for  support.  Forty-five  applications 
concerned  the  5 countries  for  which  the budget  had  not  yet been  approved  by  the 
end  of  1996.  Thirty-one  applications  did  not  comply  with  the  national  priorities 
and, therefore, were not considered for funding.  For the remaining 165 applications 
the success rate was 35.7%. Compared with 1995 there was a large drop  (45%) in the 
number of pre-JEP applications. 

This is attributed to two main factors: 

1.  The  priority  effect.  In  1996,  the  Commission  in  agreement  with  the  national 
authorities  of  the  partner  countries  established  country  specific  priority  areas 
for each partner country. This policy has focused  the Tempus Tacis  Programme 
on  a  smaller  number  of  priority  disciplines.  The  first  consequence  of  this 
decision has been the reduction in the number  of applications and, on the other 
hand,  a better  imbedding  of  Tempus  in  the  national  Tacis  programmes  of  the 
partner countries. 

2.  The  Compact  project  effect.  In  1996, a  new  project  type  was  introduced,  the 
Compact  Project.  As  a  result,  some  potential  pre-JEP  applications  became 
Compact project applications. 

Number of pre-JEP proposals received 
Number of pre-JEPs proposed for  funding 
Success rate 
Average pre-JEP grant allocated 

1995 

435 
87 
20% 
ECU 43,600 

1996* 

241 
59 
35.7% 

Please  note  that  the  data  only  refers  to  projects  involving  Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Belarus,  Georgia, 
Mongolia,  Russian  Federation,  Ukraine  and  Uzbekistan. 

28  -

General overview of the Tempus Tacis project selection in 1996 

Priority 
setting 

Partner country ministries and European Commission  define 
priority subject areas at national level. These are published  and 
dispatched to all interested parties. 

Receipt of project applications by the given deadline. 

Technical 
implementation 

Control of formal  eligibility. 

Tecluiical quality assessment of all formally eligible applications, 
including priority conformity  check. 

Academic assessment of all formally eligible applications by EU 
and partner country academic experts. 

Jt,MM«!Mffl 

Meeting between the Foundation, technical assessors 
and academic experts under the European 
Commission's chairmanship. 

Consultation with relevant authorities in the partner countries. 

I 
mmmmmMBm 

Identification of projects to be distributed in two different  lists: 
1. projects potentially proposed for  funding 
2. projects potentially proposed for reserve list, to be funded  if budget allows 

s3@ 

Final decision 

Notification 

Final approval by the European Commission on 
projects to be funded. 

ÉitWèiiii'ii^iirfTHiiagtrî 

Notification of the results to the project applicants. 

Flowchart N° 2 

- 2 9-

In  response  to  the  1996 call for  JEP applications,  83 out  of  the  87 consortia  carrying 
out  a  pre-JEP  in  1995/96  submitted  a  proposal  for  a  full-scale  project.  Of  these,  26 
were  awarded  a  JEP  grant.  Disregarding  the  11 applications  which  focused  on 
support  to  the  group  of  countries  for  which  the budget  had  not  yet  been  approved, 
this  represents  a  success  rate  of  36.1%.  To  allow  for  comparison,  the  figures  for 
Kazakhstan,  Kyrgyzstan,  Moldova  and  -  for  1996  -Tajikistan  and  Turkmenistan 
have not been  included  in the  table below. Hence, the figures  refer  only  to  Armenia, 
Azerbaijan,  Belarus,  Georgia,  Mongolia,  Russian  Federation,  Ukraine 
and 
Uzbekistan. 

Number  of new  JEP proposals  received 
Number  of new  JEPs proposed  for  funding 
Success  rate 
Average JEP grant  allocated 
Number  of JEPs renewed  from  '94 and  '95 
Total number  of JEPs  running 

1995 

95 
31 
32.6% 
ECU 612 200 
26 
51 

1996* 

72 
26 
36.1% 
ECU572384 
59 
85 

*  Please  note  that  the  data  refers  only  to  projects  involving  Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Belarus,  Georgia, 

Mongolia,  Russian  Federation,  Ukraine  and  Uzbekistan. 

In  the  new  pre-JEPs,  progress  towards  a  balance  in  country  participation  can  be 
observed.  Seventeen  French,  19 British,  and  19 German  universities  are  now  active 
in  pre-JEP  consortia.  Southern  European  involvement  rose  sharply  as  did  the 
involvement  of  Finland,  Sweden  and  Austria. 

Reflecting  the  priorities  of  previous  years,  university  management  and  European 
languages  are  the  dominating  subjects  in  the  current  JEPs.  In  the  new  pre-JEPs, 
however,  law  and  the  environmental  sciences  are better  represented.  Economics  is a 
popular  subject  both  in JEPs and  in  pre-JEPs. 

In  1996,  111 higher  education  institutions  in  the  8 partner  countries  for  which 
projects  were  funded  were  involved  in  a  Tempus  Tacis  project,  out  of  which 
73 participated  in  a Joint  European  Project  or  a Compact  Project.  Overall, until  1996, 
131 higher  education  institutions  in  the  above  mentioned  eight  countries  had 
benefited  from  a Tempus  project  grant. 

4.6.2.  Compact  Projects  (CPs) 

A  total  of  65 applications  for  the  new  Compact  Projects  were  received,  14 of  which 
were  targeted  at  the  five  countries  for  which  the budget  had  not  yet  been  approved 
by  the  end  of  1996.  For  the  other  countries  22 proposals  were  awarded  a  Tempus 
grant. This represents  a success rate of  43%. 

3 0-

For further  statistical details, please refer to the annexes to this report. 

Number of CP proposals received 
Number of CP proposed for  funding 
Success rate 
Average CP grant allocated 

1996* 

51 
22 
43% 
ECU 60,000 

Please note  that  the  data  refers  only  to projects  involving  Armenia,  Azerbaijan,  Belarus, Georgia, 
Mongolia, Russian Federation, Ukraine and  Uzbekistan. 

5.  LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 

Tempus Tacis Projects management handbook, in EN, FR and DE 

Catalogue N°: 
C2-92-95-091-DE-C 
C2-92-95-091-EN-C 
C2-92-95-091-FR-C 

ISBNN°: 
92-827-5477-4 
92-827-5478-82 
92-827-5479-0 

Tempus Phare Guide for  applicants  - Academic year 1997/98, in 11 languages 

Catalogue N°: 
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-
C2-95-96-091-

ES-C 
DA-C 
DE-C 
GR-C 
•EN-C 
•FR-C 
IT-C 
NL-C 
PT-C 
FI-C 
SV-C 

ISBNN°: 
92-827-6768-X 
92-827-6769-8 
92-827-6770-1 
92-827-6771-X 
92-827-6772-8 
92-827-6773-6 
92-827-6774-4 
92-827-6775-2 
92-827-6776-0 
92-827-6777-9 
92-827-6778-7 

3. 

Tempus Phare - Tempus Outputs  Promotion, 5 studies in EN, FR and DE: 

Impact of Tempus on Institutional  Management 

1) 
2)  Tempus Contribution to University-Enterprise  Cooperation 
3)  Tempus Student Mobility 
4)  The Impact of Tempus on National  Reform 
5)  Mutual Benefits of Tempus project  partnerships 

Catalogue N°: none 

ISBN N°: none 

- 31  -

4. 

Tempus Phare Compendium - Academic year 1996/97,  in EN (introduction  in 
DE, EN and FR) 

Catalogue N°: 
C2-02-96-359-3A-C 

ISBN N°: 
92-827-92036-X 

5. 

Tempus Tacis  Compendium - Academic year 1996/97,  in  EN  (introduction  in 
DE, EN and FR) 

Catalogue N°\ 
C2-02-96-424-3A-C 

ISBNN°: 
92-9157-045-1 

Tempus Annual report 1994/95, in 11 languages 

Catalogue N°: 
C2-95-96-487-ES-C 
C2-95-96-487-DA-C 
C2-95-96-487-DE-C 
C2-95-96-487-GR-C 
C2-95-96-487-EN-C 
C2-95-96-487-FR-C 
C2-95-96-487-IT-C 
C2-95-96-487-NL-C 
C2-95-96-487-PT-C 
C2-95-96-487-FI-C 
C2-95-96-487-SV-C 

ISBNN°: 
92-827-7035-4 
92-827-7036-2 
92-827-7037-0 
92-827-7038-9 
92-827-7039-7 
92-827-7040-0 
92-827-7041-9 
92-827-7042-7 
92-827-7043-5 
92-827-7044-3 
92-827-7045-1 

7. 

Tempus at  Work, in EN 

8. 

Tempus  leaflet, in 11 languages. 

- 3 2-

Annex 1 

The Tempus Programme: Overall statistics 

Tempus Phare 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MEÇU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within JEPs 

Staff  from  partner  countries 
Staff  to partner  countries 
Students from  partner  countries 
Students  to partner  countries 

Number  of JENs  supported 

of which  new 

320.38 
272.16 
37.75 
10.9 

750 

42,467 
15,762 
9,864 
14,645 
2,196 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

138 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 
from  partner  countries 
to partner  countries 

6,864 
5,257 
1,607 

* Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

Tempus  I 

Tempus  II 

1990-1993 

1994 

1995 

102.1 
102.1 

1996 

83.5 
83.5 

485 
229 

16,641 
6,718 
5,542 
3,653 

728 

112 
83 

100 

• 1,271 
1,271 
.1 

638 
183 

21,991 
8,956 
6,523 
5,392 
1,120 

129 
46 

68 

1,120 
1,021 

99 

Total 

601.88 
553.66 
37.75 
10.9 

1,401 

100,649 
38,987 
27,856 
28,751 
5,055 

167 

331 

10,624 
8,756 
1,868 

95.9 
95.9 

464 
239 

19,550 
7,551 
5,927 
5,061 
1,011 

38 
38 

25 

1,369 
1,207 

162 

Tempus Tacis 

1.  Budget: 

Total Tempus budget  (in  MECU) 

Number of partner  countries  involved 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 
Staff  mobility  within  Pre-JEPs 
Staff  mobility  within  JEPs 
Students  mobility  within  JEPs 

Number  of Compact  Projects 
supported 

Number  of partner  country 
universities  involved  in JEPs 

Tempus  I 

1990-1993 

1994 

l e m p us  II 
W95 

1996 

Total 

21,944 

23,994 

20,543 

69,931 

3,45 

3 

74 

7 

76 

28 

11 

87 

59 
31 

1,421 

1,174 

1,304 

586 
156 

916 
95 

51 

8 

59 

85 
26 
1,027 
1,198 

91 

22 

64 

296 

85 

4,926 
2,700 

342 

22 

Exceptionally, for 1995/96 only requests for East-West grants were supported. 

- 33 

-

Annex 1 

Tempus  Phare JEP distribution by country in 1996/97 

Country  involvement 

New  JEPs  in  1996/97 

All  JEPs  running  in  1996/97 

Number 

I 

%  (*) 

Number 

I 

%  (*) 

36 
45 
22 
34 
72 
77 
26 
15 
45 

51 
23 
37 
30 
107 

4 
22 
11 
6 
28 
5 
11 
56 
30 
13 

4 

EU Member  States 

Austria 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Finland 
France 
Germany 
Greece 
Ireland 
Italy 
Luxembourg 
Netherlands 
Portugal 
Spain 
Sweden 
United  Kingdom 

Partner  countries 

Albania 
Bulgaria 
Czech  Republic 
Estonia 
Hungary 
Latvia 
Lithuania 
Poland 
Romania 
Slovak  Republic 
Slovenia 

Canada 
Iceland 
Norway 
Switzerland 

USA 

Other  G24 

19.7 
24.6 
12 
18.6 
39.3 
42.1 
14.2 
8.2 
24.6 

27.9 
12.6 
20.2 
16.4 
58.5 

2.2 

12 
6 
3.3 
15.3 
2-.7 
6 
30.6 
16.4 

7.1 
2.2 

0.5 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

81 
183' 
89 
65 
277 
311 
111 

93 
199 
2 
193 
100 
152 
83 
398 

15 
81 
45 
14 
106 
14 
24 
202 
89 
42 
16 

3 
2 
12 
10 
11 

12.7 
28.7 
13.9 
10.2 
43.4 
48.7 
17.4 
14.6 
31.2 
0.3 
30.3 
15.7 
23.8 
13 
62.4 

2.4 
12.7 
7.1 
2.2 
16.6 
2.2 
3.8 
31.7 
13.9 
6.6 
2.5 

0.5 
0.3 
1.9 
1.6 
1.7 

Total 

183 

100% 

638 

100% 

(*) 

The figures  in this column  indicate  the percentage  of projects  in which  the country  in question  appears. 

- 3 4-

Annex 1 

Tempus Tacis Pre-JEP and JEP distribution 

by country in 1996/97 

Country involvement 

New Pre-JEPs and JEPs 
in 1996/97 

All  JEPs and Pre-JEPs running 
in 1996/97 

Number 

%  (*) 

Number 

% n 

EU Member States 

Austria 
Belgium 
Denmark 
Finland 
France 
Germany 
Greece 
Ireland 
Italy 
Luxembourg 
Netherlands 
Portugal 
Spain 
Sweden 
United  Kingdom 

Partner 

countries 

Armenia 
Azerbaijan 
Belarus 
Georgia 
Kazakhstan 
Kyrgyzstan 
Moldova 
Mongolia 
Russian  Federation 
Ukraine 
Uzbekistan 

Other G24 

USA 

7 
18 
6 
13 
30 
39 
13 

6 
18 
1 
23 
7 
14 
12 
41 

6 
2 

H 
3 

4 
48 
25 
8 

6.5 
16.8 

5.6 
12.1 
28 
36.4 
12.1 

5.6 
16.8 
0.9 
21.4 
6.5 
13 
11.2 
38.3 

5.6 
1.8 
10.2 
2.8 

3.7 
44.8 
23.3 
7.4 

7 
31 
10 
13 
55 
64 
15 
12 
28 

1 
33 
9 
26 
13 
66 

6 
2 
17 
3 
3 
1 
1 
4 
84 
34 
10 

4.2 
18.7 
6 
7.8 
33.3 
38.7 
9 
7.2 
16.9 
0.6 
20 
5.4 
15.7 
7.8 

40 

3.6 
1.2 
10.3 
1.8 
1.8 
0.6 
0.6 
2.4 
50.9 
20.6 
6 

0.6 

Total 

107 

100% 

166 

100% 

- 35 

-

Annex 1 

Tempus Phare JEP distribution  by subject  area in 1996/97 

N ew  JEPs  1996/97 

All  r u n n i ng  JEPs 

Subiect  area 

Number 

% 

N u m b er 

Humanities 
Social  Sciences 
Management  and  Business 
Natural  Sciences and  Mathematics 
Applied  Sciences and  Technologies 
Art and  Design 
Languages 

Other 
JEP+  Areas 

2 
23 
31 
8 
90 
1 
6 
22 

1.1 
12.5 
16.6 
4.3 
47.6 
0.5 
3.3 
14.1 

17 
76 
114 
36 
301 
4 
25 
62 
3 

/o 

2.7 
11.9 
17.9 
5.6 
47.1 
0.6 
3.9 
9.8 
0.5 

Total 

183 

100% 

638 

100% 

The  sub-groups  under  Applied  Sciences  and  Technology  are  the 

following: 

Agricultural  Sciences 
Health  Sciences 
Environmental  Sciences 
Information  Technology 
Engineering  and  Technology 
Architecture  and  Urban  planning 
Other 

29 
38 
52 
39 
105 
16 
22 

4.5 
5.9 
8.2 
6.1 
16.5 
2.5 
3.5 

Tempus Tacis Pre-JEP and JEP  distribution 

by priority area in 1996/97 

. N ew  projects 

R u n n i ng  proiects 

Subiect  area 

N u m b er 

% 

N u m b er 

Humanities 
Social  Sciences 
Management  and  Business  (not focusing  on 
University  management) 
University  Administration/Management 
Applied  Sciences  and  Technologies 
Languages 
Other 

-  8 
32 
6 

28 
21 
5 
7 

7.3 
30 
5.5 

26 
19.5 
4.5 
6.5 

14 
57 
7 

42 
23 
16 
7 

% 

8.4 
34.5 
4.2 

25.4 
13.9 
9.6 
4.2 

Total 

107 

100% 

166 

100% 

36  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare  countries 

Albania 

Tempus  I 

Tempus  II 

1990-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

6.19 
3.7 
0.09 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 

3.5 
3.7 

2.5 
2.5 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Albania 
Staff  to  Albania 
Students  from  Albania 
Students  to  Albania 

Number  of  institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Albania 
to  Albania 

13 

413 
171 
121 
115 
6 

226 
180 
46 

17 
5 

452 
208 
161 
79 
4 

0 

2 

191 
182 
9 

13 
6 

445 
227 
176 
42 
0 

3 

10 

295 
295 

15 
4 

415 
205 
153 
46 
11 

15 

138 
137 
1 

14.59 
12.3 
0.09 
2.4 

28 

1,725 
811 
611 
282 
21 

3 

18 

850 
794 
56 

* Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round. 

Tempus  priorities  1996/97 for  Albania 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meet  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  In  the  framework  of  the  restructuring 
of  the  system  of  Higher  Education  in  Albania,  the 
national  authorities  have  given  priority  to  proposals 
in  the following  areas  for  1996/97: 

°  The  further  development  of  health  care  via  the 
restructuring  and  updating  of  clinical  health 
departments  and 
the  Faculty  of 
restructuring 
Veterinary  Science  of  the  Agricultural  University  of 
Tirana. 

D The  further  development  of  educational  sciences 
via  restructuring  the  departments  of  elementary, 
primary  and  secondary  school  teacher  training. 

D The  restructuring  of  curricula 

in  experimental 

physics  and  chemistry. 

D The  development  of  university  management. 

D The development  of  transport  and  civil  engineering. 

a  The  restructuring  of  the  Mineral  Resources  and 
Energy  Departments  in  the  Polytechnic  University 
of  Tirana. 

D Support  for  Trans-European  networks  for  student 

mobility 

0  Humanities  and  Social Sciences  (Law  and  European 

Studies, Social and  Economical  Sciences). 

°  Life  Sciences  (Natural,  Environmental,  Health  Care 

and  interdisciplinary  sciences). 

Subject  areas covered  by  all running  JEPs  in 
1996/97 

c 
13% 

A:  Humanities 
B:  Management and  business 
C:  Natural Sciences and  Mathematics 
D:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
E:  Teacher Training 

-  37 

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Bulgaria 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Bulgaria 
Staff  to  Bulgaria 
Students from  Bulgaria 
Students  to  Bulgaria 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Bulgaria 
to Bulgaria 

Tempus I 

Tempus  II 

1991-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

30.63 
28 

2.63 

12 
12 

12 
12 

8 
8 

Total 

62.63 
60 

2.63 

80 

3,093 
1,486 
835 
686 
86 

35 

564 
474 
90 

59 
32 

1,863 
857 
682 
277 
47 

1 

7 

174 
155 
19 

57 
28 

1,815 
877 
638 
259 
41 

83 

9 

18 

143 
143 

82 
22 

2,304 
1,139 
755 
372 
38 

98 

8 

6 

96 
82 
14 

162 

9,075 
4,359 
2,910 
1,594 
212 

18 

66 

977 
854 
123 

* Complementary Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round. 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for  Bulgaria 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national  higher 
education strategy, each year  the national authorities meet 
with  the European Commission  in order  to define  Tempus 
priorities  for  the coming  academic year.  In  the  framework 
of  the  restructuring  of  the  system  of  Higher  Education  in 
Bulgaria, 
the 
following areas: 

the  1996/97  Tempus  priorities  cover 

1.  Priorities  related  to  the  restructuring  of  the  higher 

education system: 

°  Restructuring  of  curricula  and  study  programmes  for 
Bachelor (4 years of study) and/or  Master (minimum 
1 year  of  study)  degree  courses  in  accordance  with 
the new national law for higher education. 

°  Development of integrated education among Bulgarian 
universities based  on joint inter-university  education 
with joint curricula and study programmes. 

°  Trans-European  student  exchange  with  attention  to 
specific  issues such as foreign  language  teaching and 
recognition  arrangements  for  studies  undertaken 
abroad  in  line  with  the  European  Credit  Transfer 
System. 

2.  Priorities related  to strategic  areas  as identified  within 

the Phare Programme: 
D Further development  of  specialisations  at  postgraduate 
level  in  strategic  areas  identified  within  the  Phare 
Programme: economics and  management  in banking 
and  finance,  management  in  health-care,  higher 
education and public services, medicine and  strategic 
areas  for  European  integration,  especially  European 
and comparative law, and European  standardisation. 

The  link  between  the  Tempus  priorities  and  the  national 
reform  process  is evident. The new  Law  (in particular  the 
introduction  of  the Bachelor  degree)  should  produce  more 
adaptable,  less  specialised  graduates  who  will  be  better 
prepared for a fluctuating labour market. 

Subject areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

A:  Humanities 
B;  Social sciences 
C:  Management and Business 
D:  Mathematics 
E:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
F:  Modern European Languages 
G:  Others 

- 38 

-

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

1996 

Total 

1.0 

1.0 

0 

0 

1.0 

1.0 

0 

0 

Bosnia and Herzegovina 

1.  Budget: 
Total Pre-Tempus  budget (in MECU) 
National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility flows  within JEPs 

Staff  from  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 
Staff  to Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 
Students  from  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 
Students  to Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 

Number  of institutions  participating in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported 

Number  of  IMGs  awarded 

from  Bosnia and  Herzegovina 
to Bosnia  and  Herzegovina 

CME figures for '96: only on special pre-Tempus selection round for Bosnia and Herzegovina. 

2.  Projects  for  the  Training  of  International  Relations 

Officers  in: 

D Project  design  and  project  management 

(in 
general, and  also specifically  related  to Tempus) 

D Creating  new  international  networks 

D Managing  Student and  Staff  Mobility 

3.  Training  of  university  administrators  (Rectors, 

Deans  and  International  Office  Staff) 

°  Strengthening  Foreign  Language  Departments 
in  order  to  improve  the  capacity  to  prepare 
staff  and  students  in future  Tempus  activities 

Preference was given  to projects involving  all  unwersities 
of  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina.  The  eligible  universities  are 
the  University  of  Banja  Luka,  the  University  Centres of 
Mostar,  the  University  of Sarajevo and  the  University  of 
Tuzla. 

Pre-Tempus priorities 1996/97 for Bosnia and 
Herzegovina 

The  Tempus  programme  will  play  an  important  role 
in  the  re-integration  of  Bosnian  institutions  into  the 
European  university  community  and  thus  assist  in 
the  normalisation  of  the  relations  with  the  rest  of 
Europe,  and  within  Bosnia  and  Herzegovina  itself. 
The  Phare  programme  has  made  1  MECU  available 
in  1996  for  emergency  measures  to  support  the  local 
universities and  prepare  them for  regular  participation 
in Tempus  Phare  in 1997. 

In  the  framework  of  a  Phare  project,  part  of  these 
funds  are  used  to  re-equip  the  language  centres  and 
international  offices  of  the  local  universities.  The 
balance  will be used  for  initial Tempus  activities. The 
following  priority  areas  have  been  formulated  for 
Special Compact  Measures. 

1.  Training  and  support  of  university  administrators 

and joint development  of: 

D Short  term  development  planning  and  strategic 

planning 

D Financial  management  systems  for  financial 

planning 

0  Human  Resources  Management 

°  External relations and  problem/conflict  resolution 

-  39 

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare  countries 

Czechoslovakia1 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 

Staff  from  Czechoslovakia 
Staff  to  Czechoslovakia 
Students  from  Czechoslovakia 
Students  to  Czechoslovakia 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 
from  Czechoslovakia 
to  Czechoslovakia 

Complementary  Measures 

Tempus I 

1990-1992 

34.96 
27.70 
7.26 

145 

5,052 
1,969 
1,184 
1,634 
265 

53 

1,008 
785 
223 

Covers  only  the period  1990-1992, before  independence  of  the Czech  and  Slovak  Republics. 

-  40  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare  countries 

Czech Republic2 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 

Staff  from  the Czech  Republic 
Staff  to the Czech  Republic 
Students  from  the  Czech  Republic 
Students  to the Czech  Republic 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  the Czech  Republic 
to the Czech  Republic 

Tempus I 

Tempus  II 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

10.94 
8 
2.94 

5.5 
5.5 

8 

7.5 
7.5 

81 

1,861 
691 
428 
612 
130 

240 
151 
89 

41 
15 

1,624 
553 
522 
404 
145 

10 

83 
54 
29 

33 
14 

1,184 
510 
381 
199 
94 

57 

13 

4 

59 
59 

45 
11 

1,864 
772 
511 
417 
164 

65 

2 

7 

71 
62 
9 

31.94 
.29 

2.94 

121 

6,533 
2,526 
1,842 
1,632 

533 

25 

22 

453 
326 
127 

* Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

T e m p us  priorities  1996/97  for  the  C z e ch 
Republic 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  JEPs  in 
1996/97 

inter-university 

In  view  of  the  Europe  Agreement  and  the  future 
cooperation 
in  EU 
participation 
programmes, 
the  Tempus  priorities  1996/97  as 
negotiated  between  the  national  authorities  and  the 
European  Commission,  focused  on  projects  which 
in  Higher 
could  develop  a  European  dimension 
Education. 

Firstly, the  following  areas  were  pointed  out: 

22% 

A:  Humanities 
B:  Social sciences 
C:  Management and Business 
D:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
E:  Others 

D Development  of  new  curricula  in  EU  legislation 
and  European  Law  in  some  of  the  following  topics 
(legislative 
law; 
legislation 
registered 
trademarks; consumer  law); 

environmental 
and 

processes; 

regarding 

patents 

international 

Q Priorities  established  within  the  Phare  Programme: 
banking, 
insurance 
systems;  Social  work;  Public  Administration; 
Bachelor-type  curriculum  for  training  of  school 
teachers. 

finance 

and 

Secondly, 
internal 
the  areas  of  development  of 
quality  evaluation  systems  and  Mobility  Projects 
aiming  at 
introduction  of  European  credit 
Transfer  System  were  earmarked. 

the 

2  For 1990-1992 see Fact sheet Czechoslovakia. 

-  41  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Estonia 

Tempus I 

Tempus  II 

1992-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

4.63 
2.5 
0.03 
2.1 

1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 

1.8 
1.8 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs supported  , 

of  which  new 

Mobility  flows  within JEPs 
Staff  from  Estonia 
Staff  to  Estonia 
Students  from  Estonia 
Students  to  Estonia 

Number  of  institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Estonia 
to  Estonia 

.17 

330 
124 
98 
99 
9 

156 
126 
30 

19 
13 

444 
146 
183 
106 
9 

0 

1 

62 
57 
5 

12 
4 

251 
114 
105 
31 
1 

12 

0 

2 

66 
66 

14 
6 

168 
79 
73 
16 

17 

0 

1 

64 
58 
6 

9.43 
7.3 
0.03 
2.1 

40 

1,193 
463 
459 
252 
19 

0 

8 

348 
307 
41 

* Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

T e m p us  p r i o r i t i es  1996/97  for  Estonia 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  be  in  compliance  with  a 
national  higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the 
the  European 
national 
Commission  in  order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for 
the  coming  academic  year.  Applications  for  1996/97 
had  to fall  within  the following  priority  areas: 

authorities  meet  with 

°  Introduce  measures  to  achieve  greater  compatibility 
with EU universities, e.g. through Quality  Assurance 
systems,  academic  credit  transfer  systems  a n d / or 
courses  taught  in foreign  languages. 

°  Restructure  university  management  systems. 

D Introduce 

information 

technology 

into  Higher 

Education  to underpin  new  teaching  methods. 

Subject  areas covered  by  all running JEPs  in 
1996/97 

A:  Philosophy 
B:  Social Sciences 
C:  University  Management 
D:  Natural Sciences and  Mathematics 
E:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
F:  Music 
G:  Others 

42  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 

Tempus  II 

1996 

Total 

2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus budget (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility flows  within JEPs 

Staff  from  the Former  Yugoslav  Republic of  Macedonia 
Staff  to the Former  Yugoslav  Republic of  Macedonia 
Students from  the Former Yugoslav Republic of  Macedonia 
Students  to the Former  Yugoslav  Republic of  Macedonia 

Number  of institutions  participating  in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  the Former  Yugoslav  Republic  of  Macedonia 
to the Former  Yugoslav  Republic  of Macedonia 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round. 

0 

0 

31 
31 
0 

0 

0 

31 
31 
0 

Study  to  prepare  for  the  restructuring  of  graduate 
and  postgraduate  studies 
in  engineering  and 
technology.  Priority  should  be  given  to  proposals 
covering: 

D mechanical  engineering 

D electrical and  electronic  engineering 

D  biotechnology. 

The  study  should  include  a  labour  market  needs 
analysis  and  involve local  industry. 

Study  for  development  of  a  national  strategy  for 
financing  higher  education 
the  Former 
Yugoslav  Republic  of  Macedonia.  In  view  of  the 
subject,  the  participation  of  the  relevant  national 
authorities  is  compulsory. 

in 

Study  to  develop  a  mechanism  for  performance 
assessment  of  academic  staff  in  order  to  achieve 
quality  standards 
research  and 
management  of  the  higher  education  process.  In 
the 
view  of 
relevant national  authorities  is  compulsory. 

the  participation  of 

the  subject, 

teaching, 

in 

T e m p us  priorities  1996/97  for  the  Former 
Yugoslav  Republic  of  Macedonia 

In  order  to  re-establish  existing  and  establish  new 
contacts,  a  special  round  for  Individual  Mobility 
Grants  was  announced  for  the  end  of October  '96  for 
academic staff  of the universities  and  for  administrators 
and  education  planners  from  the  Former  Yugoslav 
to  visit  EU 
Republic  of  Macedonia, 
universities  and  organisations. 

in  order 

Compact  Measures:  The  following  priorities  have 
been  identified  as  being  of  strategic  and  immediate 
importance  for  the  development  of  higher  education 
and 
future 
the  framework 
development  of  Tempus  in  the  Former  Yugoslav 
Republic  of  Macedonia. 

to  establish 

the 

for 

1.  Study  to assess the current application of  information 
technology  in  higher  education  and  to  provide 
recommendations  for  further  development, 
in 
particular  in  the areas  of: 

D multimedia  educational  systems 

0  networks. 

The  study  should  result  in  concrete  recommendations 
for  further  development  of 
these  computer  and 
communication  technologies  in higher  education. 

- 43 

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Hungary 

1.  Budget: 
Total  T e m p us  b u d g et  (in  M E C U) 

N a t i o n al  i n d i c a t i ve  p r o g r a m me 
Regional  f u n ds 
O t h er  P h a re  s o u r c es 

2.  Projects: 
N u m b er  of JEPs  s u p p o r t ed 

of  w h i ch  n ew 

Mobility  flows  w i t h in  JEPs 
Staff  from  H u n g a ry 
Staff  to  H u n g a ry 
S t u d e n ts  from  H u n g a ry 
S t u d e n ts  to  H u n g a ry 

N u m b er  of  institutions  p a r t i c i p a t i ng 
in  JEPs 

N u m b er  of  JENs  s u p p o r t ed 

N u m b er  of  C M Es  s u p p o r t e d* 

N u m b er  of  IMGs  a w a r d ed 

from  H u n g a ry 
to  H u n g a ry 

T e m p us  I 

T e m p us  II 

1990-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

59.9 
50.2 
9.7 

204 

9,479 
3,005 
1,966 
3,845 
663 

73 

944 
581 
363 

16 
16 

66 
41 

2,707 
1,009 
691 
819 
188 

63 
41 
22 

16 
16 

83 
38 

2,815 
1,073 
963 
602 
177 

115 

23 

28 
28 

10 
10 

106 
28 

4,361 
1,633 
1,343 
1,071 
314 

148 

3 

2 

43 
25 
18 

101.9 
92.2 
9.7 

311 

19,362 
6,720 
4,963 
6,337 
1,342 

34 

90 

1,078 
675 
403 

* Complementary  Measures  or  Compact  Measures 

CME figures  for  '96: only  on  1st section  round 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for  Hungary 

The  Hungarian  priorities  for  JEPs  beginning  in  1996/97, 
identified  by  the  national  authorities  and  the  European 
Commission,  required  both  compliance  with  an  agreed 
institutional  plan  and  action  in  certain  specified  disciplines, 
so  as  to  achieve  a  comprehensive  impact  on  the  Higher 
Education  system  as a  whole. 

Accordingly,  the JEP  proposal  had  to  demonstrate  either  a 
significant  impact  on  the  development  of  an  institution  or, 
in  the  case  of  a  project  involving  more  than  one  national 
institution,  on  the  quality  of  education 
in  the  chosen 
discipline;  or  coherence  with  Parliament's  Decision  on 
Higher  Education  Development. 

In  die latter case,  the important  action  areas envisaged  by  the 
Decision  were summarised  as being: the precise  definition  of 
levels  of  teaching  in  HE,  and  development  of  new  teaching 
methods  (e.g.  shorter  cycle  courses,  new  types  of  post-
secondary  education,  distance  education);  increased  emphasis 
on  mechanisms  for  student  exchange;  preparation  for  the 
integration  of  the  Hungarian  "Universitas";  reaction  to  the 
needs  of  a changing  society  (university-enterprise  cooperation, 
promoting  public education); and  teacher  (re)training. 

In  addition,  the  proposal  had  to  operate  within  certain 
sectors  which  had  been  identified  as priority  areas: 
D  To  introduce  European  Studies  into  Higher  Education 
(particularly  in association  with  Law  and  Economics); 
0  To  devise  new  curricula  leading  to  the  definition  of  new 
academic  and  professional  profiles  indispensable  to  the 
restructuring  of  the  economy  and  the  continuing  socio 
economic  transformations.  Target  areas  for  these  new 
curricula  were:  Finance,  Humanities  and  Law;  Informatics 
and  technology  policy;  regional  planning  and  management; 
Genetic  engineering;  Quality  management;  and  teacher 

(re) training  (with  particular  emphasis  on  primary  and 
secondary  education)  (15 projects); 

°  To establish  Ph.D.  programmes; 
0  To develop  continuing  education  courses  in  collaboration 

with  enterprises; 

0  To  support  Trans-European  student  mobility  networks 

(especially  ECTS); 

°  To  complement  the  work  already  being  done  by  other 

Phare  programmes; 

D  To  develop  advanced  teaching  materials,  in  particular 
multimedia  technology  and  distance  education  tools. 

Subject  areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

A:  Law 
B:  Social  Sciences 
C:  Management  and 

Business 

D:  Natural  Sciences  and 

Mathematics 

E:  Applied  Sciences  and 

Technologies 

F:  Design 
G:  Languages 
H:  Others 

- 44 

-

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Latvia 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility flows  within JEPs 

Staff  from  Latvia 
Staff  to  Latvia 
Students  from  Latvia 
Students  to  Latvia 

Number  of  institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Latvia 
to  Latvia 

Tempus I 

Tempus  II 

1992-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

6.2 
3.5 

2.7 

17 

589 

219 
140 
190 
40 

139 
94 
45 

2 
2 

19 
6 

802 
260 
299 
202 
41 

0 

"2 

75 
71 
4 

13 
5 

389 
163 
152 
72 
2 

18 

0 

5 

75 
75 

2 
2 

14 
5 

450 
215 
128 
91 
16 

23 

1 

3 

61 
56 
5 

12.2 
9.5 

2.7 

33 

2,230 
857 
719 
555 
99 

1 

12 

350 
296 
54 

Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

Subject  areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for Latvia 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meet  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  Applications  for  1996/97  had  to  fall 
within  the following  priority  areas: 

a  public  health 

D engineering  and  agriculture 

a  interdisciplinary  studies 

in  European 
arts, history,  philosophy  and  languages 

literature, 

°  creation  of  facilities  for  student  exchange. 

A:  Social Sciences 
B:  Management and Business 
C:  Natural Sciences and  Mathematics 
D:  Applied Sciences and  Technologies 
E:  Music 
F:  Teacher Training 

45  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Lithuania 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Lithuania 
Staff  to  Lithuania 
Students  from  Lithuania 
Students  to  Lithuania 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Lithuania 
to  Lithuania 

Tempus I 

Tempus  II 

1992-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

6.7 
4 

2.7 

16 

541 
225 
132 
154 
30 

147 
90 
57 

2 
2 

20 
5 

660 
279 
167 
197 
17 

0 

4 

46 
42 
4 

3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 

18 
10 

602 
221 
214 
162 
5 

21 

2 

39 
39 

24 
11 

492 
193 
149 
136 
14 

22 

1 

1 

42 
40 
2 

15.7 
13 

2.7 

42 

2,295 

918 
662 
649 
66 

1 

14 

274 
211 
63 

Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for  Lithuania 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  a  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meet  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  Applications  for  1996/97  had  to  fall 
within  the following  priority  areas: 

D student  mobility  and  recognition; 

a  foreign  language  training; 

D inter-faculty  course  cooperation; 

°  continuing  and  post graduate  education; 

°  new  courses  in European  Studies. 

The  link  between  the  Tempus  priorities  and  national 
policies is  evident. 

The  emphasis  on  foreign  language  training,  student 
mobility  and  European  Studies  point  in  the  direction 
of  Lithuania's  commitment  to  entering  into  closer 
cooperation  with  the  EU  and  preparing  itself  for 
future  membership.  The  attention  given  to  credit 
transfer  and  compatibility  is essential  for  a  relatively 
small  country,  where  higher  education  institutions 
are  naturally  specialised  while  the  degree  of  choice 
in  the  education  market  must  be 
and  efficiency 
ensured 

Subject areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

F 
29% 

A:  Social Sciences 
B:  Management and Business 
C:  Physics 
D:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
E:  Languages 
F:  Interdisciplinary  and 

Multidisciplinary Studies 

- 4 6-

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Poland 

1.  Budget-
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Poland 
Staff  to  Poland 
Students  from  Poland 
Students  to  Poland 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Poland 
to  Poland 

Tempus  I 

Tempus  II 

1990-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

97.53 
86.9 
10.63 

35 
35 

30 
30 

25 
25 

187.53 
176.90 
10.63 

248 

12,578 
4,393 
2,942 
4,616 
627 

76 

2,190 
1,739 
451 

175 
91 

7,263 
2,851 
2,122 
1,910 
380 

16 

14 

339 
307 
32 

156 
65 

5,348 
2,120 
1,667\ 
1,338 
223 

224 

12 

26 

275 
275 

202 
56 

7257 
2937 
1986 
2040 
294 

328 

10 

16 

318 
295 
23 

460 

32,446 
12,301 
8,717 
9,904 
1,524 

38 

132 

3,122 
2,616 
506 

* Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

2.  Mobility Joint European  Projects 

Mobility  projects  which  lead  to  the  establishment  of 
institutional  structures  supporting  student  mobility 
(e.g.  student  advisory/information  services)  and  the 
introduction  of a credit  transfer  system  (based  on  the 
European  Credit Transfer  System  - ECTS). 

Subject areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

T e m p us  p r i o r i t i es  1996/97 for  P o l a nd 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meet  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  Applications  for  1996/97  should  have 
fallen  within  the following  priority  areas: 

1.  Structural Joint European  Projects 

°  Transformation  of  uniform  five-year  Master 
Degree  courses  into  a  two-stage  system  with 
three/ four-year  Bachelor  Degree  course  followed 
by a two-year  Master  degree  course  or a  system 
with  common  core  curriculum  (e.g.  two  to  four 
semesters)  for  Bachelor  and  Master  Degree 
courses,  followed  by  separate  strands  for  each 
Degree  course. 

D Development  of  the  European  dimension  in 

higher  education. 

0  Development 

and 

introduction 

new 
specialisations  and  professional  profiles 
into 
undergraduate  a n d / or  postgraduate  studies  in 
response  to labour  market  needs. 

of 

D Modernisation  of  two-subject  teacher  education 

in Higher  Education  Schools  of  pedagogy. 

- 4 7-

A:  Social Sciences 
B:  Management and Business 
C:  Natural Sciences and  Mathematics 
D:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
E:  Languages 
F:  Others 

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Romania 

1.  , Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Romania 
Staff  to  Romania 
Students  from  Romania 
Students  to  Romania 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Romania 
to  Romania 

Tempus I 

1991-1993 

41.75 
41 

0.75 

Tempus  II 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

12 
12 

18 
18 

15 
15 

86.75 
86 

0.75 

94 

6,088 
2,444 
1,437 
1,975 
232 

32 

692 
580 
112 

51 
24 

2,112 
834 
661 
528 
89 

0 

9 

192 
162 
30 

59 
36 

2,470 
888 
824 
638 
120 

190 

13 

18 

160 
160 

89 
30 

3,054 
1,095 
916 
844 
199 

341 

8 

18 

180 
166 
14 

184 

13,724 
5,261 
3,838 
3,985 
640 

21 

77 

1,224 
1,068 
156 

* Complementary Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

T e m p us  p r i o r i t i es  1996/97 for  R o m a n ia 

In  the  framework  of  the  restructuring  of  the  system 
of  Higher  Education 
the  national 
authorities  and  the  European  Commission  identified 
in 
the  following  priorities 
1996/97: 

for  Tempus  actions 

in  Romania, 

in  particular 

their  extension 

D The  development  of  short  cycle  Higher  Education 
courses  and 
into 
continuing  education  in  the  areas  of  engineering 
and  technology,  agriculture  and  food  processing, 
health  care,  social  assistance,  tourism,  business 
services.  Projects 
administration  and 
financial 
the 
should  be  based  on  cooperation  between 
education  institutions  and  enterprises  (including 
public  administrative  bodies)  in  order  to  make  the 
degrees  better  suited  to the  needs  of  the  economy. 

D The  modernisation  or  restructuring  of  existing 
the  needs  of 

to  cater  for 

(long  cycle)  courses 
European  integration  via: 

and 
the 

•  Upgrading 
to 

curricula 
restructuring  of 
of  Romania's 
integration 
related 
economy  into  European  structures  in  the  areas 
of  law,  quality  assurance  and  management  for 
industry  and  public  administration. 

•  Development  of  courses  on  specific 

topics 
related  to  the  EU  to  be  introduced  into  existing 
study  programmes  in  the  areas  of  EU  law  and 
interdisciplinary  studies  related  to  specific  EU 
policy  sectors. 

°  Preparation  for  participation  in EU  inter-university 
cooperation  programmes  through  mobility  projects 
featuring  the  introduction  of  an  academic  course 
credit  transfer  system,  or  agreements  for  mutual 
recognition  of  study  periods  with  a  view 
to 
integration  within  EU university  networks. 

D Restructuring  of  primary  and  secondary  school 
teacher  training  through  curriculum  development 
and  the introduction  of modern  teaching  methods. 

S u b j e ct  areas  c o v e r ed  by  all  r u n n i ng  JEPs  in 
1996/97 

A:  Humanities 
B:  Social Sciences 
C:  Management and 

Business 

D:  Natural Sciences and 

Mathematics 

E:  Applied Sciences and 

Technologies 

F:  Languages 
G:  Others 

48  -

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Slovak Republic3 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility flows  within JEPs 

Staff  from  the Slovak  Republic 
Staff  to the Slovak  Republic 
Students  from  the Slovak  Republic 
Students to the Slovak  Republic 

Number  of  institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  the Slovak  Republic 
to the Slovak  Republic 

Tempus I 

Tempus II 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

6.18 
5 
1.18 

5 
5 

4.5 
4.5 

20.68 
.19.5 
1.18 

46 

924 
365 
226 
292 
41 

136 
95 
41 

33 
15 

1,001 
320 
236 
391 
54 

2 

4 

73 
64 
9 

31 
14 

939 
401 
277 
212 
49 

45 

70 
70 

42 
13 

1,121 
415 
318 
323 
65 

62 

3 

3 

64 
60 
4 

88 

3,985 
1,501 
1,057 
1,218 
209 

13 

13 

343 
289 
54 

Complementary  Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for the Slovak 
Republic 

Subject areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meets  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  the  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  The  Tempus  priorities  for  1996/97 
relate  on  the  one  hand  to  the  country's  policy  of 
European  Union  pre-accession  and  on  the  other 
hand  to  themes  relevant  for  the  participation  in  EU 
educational  programmes: 

°  European  Law; 

D Quality  management; 

Q Public health  and  primary  health  care; 

0  Economics  and 

the 

financing  of  health  and 

education; 

°  Specialised  courses  of 

specific 
purposes  (LSP)  for  the  training  of  translators  and 
interpreters  in the EU  languages; 

languages 

for 

0  Social work  and  employment  services; 

D Human  resource  development,  management  and 
quality  assessment of Higher Education  Institutions. 

3  For 1990-1992 see Fact sheet Czechoslovakia. 

49 

A:  Law 
B:  Social Sciences 
C:  Management and Business 
D:  Chemistry 
E:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
F:  Languages 
G:  Others 

Annex 2 - Fact sheets: Phare countries 

Slovenia4 

Tempus I 

Iempus  II 

1992-1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  indicative  programme 
Regional  funds 
Other  Phare  sources 

6.57 
4.8 
0.77 
1 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Mobility  flows  within  JEPs 
Staff  from  Slovenia 

•  Staff  to  Slovenia 

Students  from  Slovenia 
Students  to  Slovenia 

Number  of institutions  participating 
in JEPs 

Number  of JENs  supported 

Number  of CMEs  supported* 

Number  of IMGs  awarded 

from  Slovenia 
to Slovenia 

44 

1,108 
481 
268 
304 
55 

217 
187 
30 

2.5 
2.5 

2.6 
2.6 

1.25 
1.25 

24 
5 

622 
232 
203 
149 
38 

1 

5 

81 
72 
9 

12 
7 

335 
123 
146 
50 
16 

14 

5 

2 

61 
61 

16 
4 

505 
273 
191 
36 
5 

19 

7 

4 

43 
40 
3 

12.92 
11.15 
0.77 
1 

60 

2,570 
1,109 
808 
539 
114 

13 

16 

402 
360 
42 

Complementary Measures or Compact Measures 

CME figures for '96: only on 1st section round 

Subject  areas covered by all running JEPs in 
1996/97 

Tempus priorities 1996/97 for  Slovenia 

In  order  for  Tempus  to  complement  the  national 
higher  education  strategy,  each  year  the  national 
authorities  meet  with  the  European  Commission  in 
order  to  define  Tempus  priorities  for  the  coming 
academic  year.  The  priorities  for  Slovenia  for  the  call 
for  applications  1996/97  were  twofold: 

On  the  one  hand,  priorities  were  designed  to  help 
the  implementation  of  the  new  legislation  on  higher 
education: 

Q the  restructuring  of  university  programmes  for 

primary  and  secondary  school  teachers; 

D the  development  of  short  cycle  degrees  in  health 
higher 

care  and 
education  institutions  (visoka strokovna sola). 

at  professional 

agriculture 

On  the  other  hand,  different  priorities  were  set  up  to 
support the implementation  of the Europe  Agreement: 

°  the development  of  European  studies; 

°  the  restructuring  of  education  in  the  field  of  urban 
and  regional  planning,  with  a  view  to  introducing 
inter-disciplinary  cooperation; 

D the  restructuring  of  the  teaching  of  languages  of 

the European  Union. 

A:  Law 
B:  Public Administration 
C:  Management and  Business 
D:  Natural Sciences and  Mathematics 
E:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
F:  Languages 
G:  Others 

4  Excluded are details about  the projects  (IMGs) which were carried out when Slovenia  was still part  of Yugoslavia, i.e. 
before  independence  in 1992. Twenty-four  of  the iiidicated JEPs were originally  Yugoslaviaii  projects  but  renewed  as 
Slovenian projects in the same year. 

-  50  -

Annexe 3 - Fact sheets: Tacis  countries 

Armenia 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus budget  (in  MECU) 

2.  Projects: 

Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Armenian  institutions  involved  in  Tempus 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

D 
17% 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.247 

0.95 

1.197 

4 

1 

1 

4 

. 

9 

1 

1 

A:  Social Sciences 
B:  University Adniinistration/ Management 
C:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
D:  Languages 

Azerbaijan 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in MECU) 

National  allocation 

2.  Projects: 

Number  of  Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Azerbaijani  institutions  involved  in  Tempus 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  r u n n i ng  projects  in  1996/97 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.143 
0 

4 

0 

0.973 

1.116 

0 

2 

0 

2 

4 

2 

0 

A:  European Studies and International Relations 
B:  Tourism and Leisure 

51  -

Annexe 3 - Fact sheets: Tacis countries 

Belarus 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus budget (in MECU) 

2.  Projects: 
Number of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number of JEPs supported 

of which  new 

Number of CPs  supported 

Number of Belarussian  institutions 
: 
involved in Tempus 

1993 

0.380 

13 

0 

1994 

2.1 

1995 

1.49 

1996 

Total 

1.638 

5.608 

24 

8 

13 

3 

11 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

A:  Law 
B:  Social Sciences 
C:  University Administration/ Management 
D:  Agricultural and Food Sciences 
E:  Languages 

Georgia 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus budget  (in MECU) 

2.  Projects: 

Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Georgian institutions  involved  in Tempus 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.242 

0.943 

1.185 

0 

3 

0 

3 

5 

3 

0 

A:  University Administration/ Management 
B:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 

-  52 

Annexe 3 - Fact sheets: Tacis countries 

Kazakhstan 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  allocation 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Number  of Kazakh  institutions involved  in  Tempus 

* 

Information  not available at  the  time  of  printing 

Kyrgyzstan 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  allocation 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Number  of Kyrgyz  institutions  involved  in  Tempus 

* 

Information  not available at  the  time  of  printing 

Moldova 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

National  allocation 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of  which  new 

Number  of Moldovan  institutions  involved  in 
Tempus 

Information  not  available at  the  time  of  printing 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.370 

1.999 
2 

2.369 

21 

3 

11 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.09 

0.754 
0.5 

0.844 

4 

1 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.23 

1.128 
1 

1.358 

9 

2 

53  -

Annexe 3 - Fact sheets: Tacis  countries 

Mongolia 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

2.  Projects: 

Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Mongolian  institutions involved  in  Tempus 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.221 

0.655 

0.876 

2 

1 

1 

4 

7 

1 

1 

D 
25% 

B 
25% 

A:  History 
B:  University Management and  Administration 
C:  Medical Sciences 
D:  Teacher Training 

Russian  Federation 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Russian  institutions 
involved in  Tempus 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

2.54 

15.37 

11.57 

7.652 

37.132 

18 
18 

37 

34 
16 

81 

29 

43 
9 

10 

58 

66 

43 

10 

81 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  r u n n i ng  projects  in  1996/97 

A:  Humanities 
B:  Social Sciences 
C:  University Administration/Management 
D:  Economics 
E:  Applied Sciences and Technologies 
F:  Languages 
G:  Teacher Training 

- • 54 

Annexe 3 - Fact sheets: Tacis  countries 

Ukraine 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of Ukrainian  institutions 
involved  in Tempus 

1993 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.5 

3.32 

3.83 

4.826 

12.476 

25 

15 

10 

9 
5 

21 

15 

15 
6 

4 

22 

Subject  areas  covered  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

A:  Law 
B:  Economics 
C:  University  Administration/Management 
D:  Social  Sciences 
E:  Languages 

1994 

1995 

1996 

Total 

0.25 

1.185 

1.453 

2.885 

13 

4 

Uzbekistan 

1.  Budget: 
Total Tempus  budget  (in  MECU) 

2.  Projects: 
Number  of Pre-JEPs  supported 

Number  of JEPs  supported 

of which  new 

Number  of CPs  supported 

Number  of  Uzbek  institutions  involved  in  Tempus 

S u b j e ct  areas  c o v e r ed  by  all  running  projects  in  1996/97 

A:  History 
B:  Social  Sciences 
C:  University  Administration/Management 
D:  Applied  Sciences  and  Technologies 

-  55 

ISSN 0254-1475 

COM(97) 502 final 

DOCUMENTS 

EN 

15  16  11 

Catalogue  number  :  CB-CO-97-506-EN-C 

ISBN 92-78-25176-3 

Office  for  Official  Publications of the European  Communities 

L-2985  Luxembourg 

S'é