Decision No 1/96 of the EC-Switzerland Joint Committee of 19 December 1996 amending Protocol 3 to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the definition of the concept of 'originating products' and methods of administrative cooperation - Joint Declaration concerning the Principality of Andorra - Joint Declaration concerning the Republic of San Marino
Date: 1996-12-19
Institutions: EC–Switzerland Joint Committee
Subjects: European Community, Switzerland, administrative cooperation, international agreement, originating product, protocol to an agreement













EUR-Lex - 21997D0723(01) - EN






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21997D0723(01)

Decision No 1/96 of the EC-Switzerland Joint Committee of 19 December 1996 amending Protocol 3 to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the definition of the concept of 'originating products' and methods of administrative cooperation - Joint Declaration concerning the Principality of Andorra - Joint Declaration concerning the Republic of San Marino  


Official Journal L 195 , 23/07/1997 P. 0001 - 0100 





DECISION No 1/96 OF THE EC-SWITZERLAND JOINT COMMITTEE of 19 December 1996 amending Protocol 3 to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Swiss Confederation concerning the definition of the concept of 'originating products` and methods of administrative cooperation (97/435/EC)THE JOINT COMMITTEE,Having regard to the Agreement between the European Economic Community and the Swiss Confederation (1), hereinafter referred to as 'the Agreement`, signed in Brussels on 22 July 1972,Having regard to Protocol 3 concerning the definition of the concept of originating products and methods of administrative cooperation, hereinafter referred to as 'Protocol 3`, and in particular Article 28 thereof,Whereas an extended system of cumulation is desirable, making possible the use of materials originating in the European Community, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, the European Economic Area, hereinafter referred to as 'the EEA`, Iceland, Norway or Switzerland, in order to facilitate trade and improve the effectiveness of the Agreement; whereas modifications to the definition of the concept of originating products are required;Whereas, in order for the Agreement to apply to goods originating in Andorra or San Marino, it is necessary to provide for such a possibility by way of a Joint Declaration on Protocol 3;Whereas certain processing requirements for non-originating materials to obtain originating status need to be amended to take account of the evolution of processing techniques; whereas, in the light of experience, the presentation of the list of processing rules could be improved by extending it to cover all headings of the Harmonized System (HS); whereas technical modifications of these processing rules are required to take account of modifications to the HS which take effect from 1 January 1996;Whereas it is therefore appropriate for the proper functioning of the Agreement to incorporate in a single text all the provisions in question with a view to facilitating the work of users and customs administrations,HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS:Article 1Protocol 3 shall be replaced by the text attached hereto, together with the relevant Joint Declarations.Article 2The Decision shall enter into force on 1 January 1997.Done at Brussels, 19 December 1996.For the Joint CommitteeThe PresidentA. LAUTENBERG(1) OJ No L 300, 31. 12. 1972, p. 189.PROTOCOL 3 concerning the definition of the concept of 'originating products` and methods of administrative cooperation TABLE OF CONTENTS PageTITLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS . 4- Article 1 Definitions . 4TITLE II DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF 'ORIGINATING PRODUCTS` . 4- Article 2 General requirements . 4- Article 3 Bilateral cumulation of origin . 4- Article 4 Diagonal cumulation of origin . 5- Article 5 Wholly obtained products . 5- Article 6 Sufficiently worked or processed products . 6- Article 7 Insufficient working or processing operations . 6- Article 8 Unit of qualification . 6- Article 9 Accessories, spare parts and tools . 7- Article 10 Sets . 7- Article 11 Neutral elements . 7TITLE III TERRITORIAL REQUIREMENTS . 7- Article 12 Principle of territoriality . 7- Article 13 Direct transport . 8- Article 14 Exhibitions . 8TITLE IV DRAWBACK OR EXEMPTION . 8- Article 15 Prohibition of drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties . 8TITLE V PROOF OF ORIGIN . 9- Article 16 General requirements . 9- Article 17 Procedure for the issue of a movement certificate EUR.1 . 9- Article 18 Movement certificates EUR.1 issued retrospectively . 10- Article 19 Issue of a duplicate movement certificate EUR.1 . 10- Article 20 Issue of movement certificates EUR.1 on the basis of a proof of origin issued or made out previously . 10- Article 21 Conditions for making out an invoice declaration . 10- Article 22 Approved exporter . 11- Article 23 Validity of proof of origin . 11- Article 24 Submission of proof of origin . 11- Article 25 Importation by instalments . 11- Article 26 Exemptions from proof of origin . 11- Article 27 Supporting documents . 12- Article 28 Preservation of proof of origin and supporting documents . 12- Article 29 Discrepancies and formal errors . 12- Article 30 Amounts expressed in ECU . 12TITLE VI ARRANGEMENTS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATION . 13- Article 31 Mutual assistance . 13- Article 32 Verification of proofs of origin . 13- Article 33 Dispute settlement . 13- Article 34 Penalties . 13- Article 35 Free zones . 13TITLE VII CEUTA AND MELILLA . 14- Article 36 Application of the Protocol . 14- Article 37 Special conditions . 14TITLE VIII FINAL PROVISIONS . 14- Article 38 Amendments to the Protocol . 14TITLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Protocol:(a) 'manufacture` means any kind of working or processing including assembly or specific operations;(b) 'material` means any ingredient, raw material, component or part, etc., used in the manufacture of the product;(c) 'product` means the product being manufactured, even if it is intended for later use in another manufacturing operation;(d) 'goods` means both materials and products;(e) 'customs value` means the value as determined in accordance with the 1994 Agreement on implementation of Article VII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (WTO Agreement on customs valuation);(f) 'ex-works price` means the price paid for the product ex works to the manufacturer in the Community or Switzerland in whose undertaking the last working or processing is carried out, provided the price includes the value of all the materials used, minus any internal taxes which are, or may be, repaid when the product obtained is exported;(g) 'value of materials` means the customs value at the time of importation of the non-originating materials used, or, if this is not known and cannot be ascertained, the first ascertainable price paid for the materials in the Community or Switzerland;(h) 'value of originating materials` means the value of such materials as defined in subparagraph (g) applied mutatis mutandis;(i) 'added value` shall be taken to be the ex-works price minus the customs value of each of the products incorporated which did not originate in the country in which those products were obtained;(j) 'chapters` and 'headings` mean the chapters and the headings (four-digit codes) used in the nomenclature which makes up the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, referred to in this Protocol as 'the Harmonized System` or 'HS`;(k) 'classified` refers to the classification of a product or material under a particular heading;(l) 'consignment` means products which are either sent simultaneously from one exporter to one consignee or covered by a single transport document covering their shipment from the exporter to the consignee or, in the absence of such a document, by a single invoice;(m) 'territories` includes territorial waters.TITLE II DEFINITION OF THE CONCEPT OF 'ORIGINATING PRODUCTS` Article 2 General requirements1. For the purpose of implementing the Agreement, the following products shall be considered as originating in the Community:(a) products wholly obtained in the Community within the meaning of Article 5 of this Protocol;(b) products obtained in the Community incorporating materials which have not been wholly obtained there, provided that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing in the Community within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol;(c) goods originating in the European Economic Area (EEA) within the meaning of Protocol 4 to the Agreement on the European Economic Area.2. For the purpose of implementing this Agreement, the following products shall be considered as originating in Switzerland:(a) products wholly obtained in Switzerland within the meaning of Article 5 of this Protocol;(b) products obtained in Switzerland incorporating materials which have not been wholly obtained there, provided that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing in Switzerland within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol.Article 3 Bilateral cumulation of origin1. Materials originating in the Community shall be considered as materials originating in Switzerland when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing, provided they have undergone working or processing going beyond that referred to in Article 7 (1) of this Protocol.2. Materials originating in Switzerland shall be considered as materials originating in the Community when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing, provided they have undergone working or processing going beyond that referred to in Article 7 (1) of this Protocol.Article 4 Diagonal cumulation of origin1. Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3, materials originating in Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, Iceland or Norway or within the meaning of the Agreements between the Community and Switzerland and these countries shall be considered as originating in the Community or Switzerland when incorporated into a product obtained there. It shall not be necessary that such materials have undergone sufficient working or processing.2. Products which have acquired originating status by virtue of paragraph 1 shall only continue to be considered as products originating in the Community or Switzerland when the value-added there exceeds the value of the materials used originating in any one of the other countries referred to in paragraph 1. If this is not so, the products concerned shall be considered as originating in the country referred to in paragraph 1 which accounts for the highest value of originating materials used. In the allocation of origin, no account shall be taken of materials originating in the other countries referred to in paragraph 1 which have undergone sufficient working or processing in the Community or Switzerland.3. The cumulation provided for in this Article may only be applied where the processing requirements for non-originating materials to obtain originating status contained in the Agreements concerned are identical to the requirements contained in Annex II to this Protocol. The Community and Switzerland shall provide each other, through the European Commission with details of agreements and their corresponding rules of origin which have been concluded with the other countries referred to in paragraph 1.4. The European Commission shall publish in the Official Journal of the European Communities (C Series) the date on which the countries referred to in paragraph 1 have met the obligations laid down in paragraph 3.Article 5 Wholly obtained products1. The following shall be considered as wholly obtained in the Community or Switzerland:(a) mineral products extracted from their soil or from their seabed;(b) vegetable products harvested there;(c) live animals born and raised there;(d) products from live animals raised there;(e) products obtained by hunting or fishing conducted there;(f) products of sea fishing and other products taken from the sea outside the territorial waters of the Community or Switzerland by their vessels;(g) products made aboard their factory ships exclusively from products referred to in subparagraph (f);(h) used articles collected there fit only for the recovery of raw materials, including used tyres fit only for retreading or for use as waste;(i) waste and scrap resulting from manufacturing operations conducted there;(j) products extracted from marine soil or subsoil outside their territorial waters provided that they have sole rights to work that soil or subsoil;(k) goods produced there exclusively from the products specified in subparagraphs (a) to (j).2. The terms 'their vessels` and 'their factory ships` in paragraph 1 (f) and (g) shall apply only to vessels and factory ships:(a) which are registered or recorded in an EC Member State or in Switzerland;(b) which sail under the flag of an EC Member State or of Switzerland;(c) which are owned to an extent of at least 50 percent by nationals of EC Member States or of Switzerland, or by a company with its head office in one of these States, of which the manager or managers, Chairman of the Board of Directors or the Supervisory Board, and the majority of the members of such boards are nationals of EC Member States or of Switzerland and of which, in addition, in the case of partnerships or limited companies, at least half the capital belongs to those States or to public bodies or nationals of the said States;(d) of which the master and officers are nationals of EC Member States or of Switzerland; and(e) of which at least 75 per cent of the crew are nationals of EC Member States or of Switzerland.Article 6 Sufficiently worked or processed products1. For the purposes of Article 2, products which are not wholly obtained are considered to be sufficiently worked or processed when the conditions set out in the list in Annex II are fulfilled.The conditions referred to above indicate, for all products covered by this Agreement, the working or processing which must be carried out on non-originating materials used in manufacturing and apply only in relation to such materials. Accordingly, it follows that if a product, which has acquired originating status by fulfilling the conditions set out in the list is used in the manufacture of another product, the conditions applicable to the product in which it is incorporated do not apply to it, and no account shall be taken of the non-originating materials which may have been used in its manufacture.2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, non-originating materials which, according to the conditions set out in the list, should not be used in the manufacture of a product may nevertheless be used, provided that:(a) their total value does not exceed 10 per cent of the ex-works price of the product;(b) any of the percentages given in the list for the maximum value of non-originating materials are not exceeded through the application of this paragraph.This paragraph shall not apply to products falling within Chapters 50 to 63 of the Harmonized System.3. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply except as provided in Article 7.Article 7 Insufficient working or processing operations1. Without prejudice to paragraph 2, the following operations shall be considered as insufficient working or processing to confer the status of originating products, whether or not the requirements of Article 6 are satisfied:(a) operations to ensure the preservation of products in good condition during transport and storage (ventilation, spreading out, drying, chilling, placing in salt, sulphur dioxide or other aqueous solutions, removal of damaged parts, and like operations);(b) simple operations consisting of removal of dust, sifting or screening, sorting, classifying, matching (including the making-up of sets of articles), washing, painting, cutting up;(c) (i) changes of packaging and breaking up and assembly of packages;(ii) simple placing in bottles, flasks, bags, cases, boxes, fixing on cards or boards, etc., and all other simple packaging operations;(d) affixing marks, labels and other like distinguishing signs on products or their packaging;(e) simple mixing of products, whether or not of different kinds, where one or more components of the mixtures do not meet the conditions laid down in this Protocol to enable them to be considered as originating in the Community or Switzerland;(f) simple assembly of parts to constitute a complete product;(g) a combination of two or more operations specified in subparagraphs (a) to (f);(h) slaughter of animals.2. All the operations carried out in either the Community or Switzerland on a given product shall be considered together when determining whether the working or processing undergone by that product is to be regarded as insufficient within the meaning of paragraph 1.Article 8 Unit of qualification1. The unit of qualification for the application of the provisions of this Protocol shall be the particular product which is considered as the basic unit when determining classification using the nomenclature of the Harmonized System.Accordingly, it follows that:(a) when a product composed of a group or assembly of articles is classified under the terms of the Harmonized System in a single heading, the whole constitutes the unit of qualification;(b) when a consignment consists of a number of identical products classified under the same heading of the Harmonized System, each product must be taken individually when applying the provisions of this Protocol.2. Where, under General Rule 5 of the Harmonized System, packaging is included with the product for classification purposes, it shall be included for the purposes of determining origin.Article 9 Accessories, spare parts and toolsAccessories, spare parts and tools dispatched with a piece of equipment, machine, apparatus or vehicle, which are part of the normal equipment and included in the price thereof or which are not separately invoiced, shall be regarded as one with the piece of equipment, machine, apparatus or vehicle in question.Article 10 SetsSets, as defined in General Rule 3 of the Harmonized System, shall be regarded as originating when all component products are originating. Nevertheless, when a set is composed of originating and non-originating products, the set as a whole shall be regarded as originating, provided that the value of the non-originating products does not exceed 15 per cent of the ex-works price of the set.Article 11 Neutral elementsIn order to determine whether a product originates, it shall not be necessary to determine the origin of the following which might be used in its manufacture:(a) energy and fuel;(b) plant and equipment;(c) machines and tools;(d) goods which do not enter and which are not intended to enter into the final composition of the product.TITLE III TERRITORIAL REQUIREMENTS Article 12 Principle of territoriality1. The conditions set out in Title II relative to the acquisition of originating status must be fulfilled without interruption in the Community or Switzerland, except as provided for in Article 2 (1) (c), Article 4 and paragraph 3 below.2. If originating goods exported from the Community or Switzerland to another country are returned, except insofar as provided for in Article 4 they must be considered as non-originating, unless it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that:(a) the goods returned are the same goods as those exported; and(b) they have not undergone any operation beyond that necessary to preserve them in good condition while in that country or while being exported.3. The acquisition of originating status in the Community or Switzerland under the conditions set out in Title II shall not be affected by working or processing carried out outside the Community or Switzerland on materials exported from the Community or Switzerland and subsequently reimported there, provided that:(a) the said materials are wholly obtained in the Community or Switzerland or have undergone there working or processing going beyond the insufficient operations listed in Article 7 prior to their exportation; and(b) it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that:(i) the reimported goods result from the working or processing of the exported materials; and(ii) the total added-value acquired outside the Community or Switzerland through the application of this Article does not exceed 10 per cent of the ex-works price of the final product for which originating status is claimed.4. For the purposes of paragraph 3, the conditions set out in Title II relative to the acquisition of originating status shall not apply in respect of working or processing carried out outside the Community or Switzerland. Nevertheless, where, in the list in Annex II, a rule giving the maximum value of all the non-originating materials used is applied in determining the originating status of the final product concerned, the total value of the non-originating materials used in the Community or Switzerland and the total value acquired outside the Community or Switzerland through the application of this Article taken together shall not exceed the percentage given.5. For the purposes of paragraphs 3 and 4, 'total added-value` shall mean all costs accumulated outside the Community or Switzerland, including all the value of the materials added there.6. Paragraphs 3 and 4 shall not apply to products which do not fulfil the conditions set out in the list in Annex II and which can only be considered as sufficiently worked or processed as a result of the application of the general tolerance in Article 6 (2).7. Paragraphs 3 and 4 shall not apply to products falling within Chapters 50 to 63 of the Harmonized Systems.Article 13 Direct transport1. The preferential treatment provided for under the Agreement applies only to products, satisfying the requirements of this Protocol, which are transported directly between the Community and Switzerland or through the territories of the other countries referred to in Article 4. However, products constituting one single consignment may be transported through other territories with, should the occasion arise, trans-shipment or temporary warehousing in such territories, provided that they remain under the surveillance of the customs authorities in the country of transit or warehousing and do not undergo operations other than unloading, reloading or any operation designed to preserve them in good condition.Originating products may be transported by pipeline across territory other than that of the Community or Switzerland.2. Evidence that the conditions set out in paragraph 1 have been fulfilled shall be supplied to the customs authorities of the importing country by the production of:(a) a single transport document covering the passage from the exporting country through the country of transit; or(b) a certificate issued by the customs authorities of the country of transit:(i) giving an exact description of the products;(ii) stating the dates of unloading and reloading of the products and, where applicable, the names of the ships, or the other means of transport used; and(iii) certifying the conditions under which the products remained in the transit country; or(c) failing these, any substantiating documents.Article 14 Exhibitions1. Originating products, sent for exhibition in a country other than those referred to in Article 4 and sold after the exhibition for importation in the Community or Switzerland shall benefit on importation from the provisions of the Agreement provided it is shown to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that:(a) an exporter has consigned these products from the Community or Switzerland to the country in which the exhibition is held and has exhibited them there;(b) the products have been sold or otherwise disposed of by that exporter to a person in the Community or Switzerland;(c) the products have been consigned during the exhibition or immediately thereafter in the state in which they were sent for exhibition; and(d) the products have not, since they were consigned for exhibition, been used for any purpose other than demonstration at the exhibition.2. A proof of origin must be issued or made out in accordance with the provisions of Title V and submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country in the normal manner. The name and address of the exhibition must be indicated thereon. Where necessary, additional documentary evidence of the conditions under which they have been exhibited may be required.3. Paragraph 1 shall apply to any trade, industrial, agricultural or crafts exhibition, fair or similar public show or display which is not organized for private purposes in shops or business premises with a view to the sale of foreign products, and during which the products remain under customs control.TITLE IV DRAWBACK OR EXEMPTION Article 15 Prohibition of drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties1. (a) Non-originating materials used in the manufacture of products originating in the Community, in Switzerland or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 for which a proof of origin is issued or made out in accordance with the provisions of Title V shall not be subject in the Community or Switzerland to drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties of whatever kind.(b) Products falling within Chapter 3 and heading Nos 1604 and 1605 of the Harmonized System and originating in the Community within the meaning of this Protocol as provided for in Article 2 (1) (c), for which a proof of origin is issued or made out in accordance with the provisions of Title V shall not be subject in the Community to drawback of, or exemption from, customs duties of whatever kind.2. The prohibition in paragraph 1 shall apply to any arrangement for refund, remission or non-payment, partial or complete, of customs duties or charges having an equivalent effect, applicable in the Community or Switzerland to materials used in the manufacture and to products covered by paragraph 1 (b) above, where such refund, remission or non-payment applies, expressly or in effect, when products obtained from the said materials are exported and not when they are retained for home use there.3. The exporter of products covered by a proof of origin shall be prepared to submit at any time, upon request from the customs authorities, all appropriate documents proving that no drawback has been obtained in respect of the non-originating materials used in the manufacture of the products concerned and that all customs duties or charges having equivalent effect applicable to such materials have actually been paid.4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 to 3 shall also apply in respect of packaging within the meaning of Article 8 (2), accessories, spare parts and tools within the meaning of Article 9 and products in a set within the meaning of Article 10 when such items are non-originating.5. The provisions of paragraphs 1 to 4 shall apply only in respect of materials which are of the kind to which the Agreement applies. Furthermore, they shall not preclude the application of an export refund system for agricultural products, applicable upon export in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement.TITLE V PROOF OF ORIGIN Article 16 General requirements1. Originating products shall, on importation into the Community or Switzerland, benefit from this Agreement on submission of either:(a) a movement certificate EUR.1, a specimen of which appears in Annex III; or(b) in the cases specified in Article 21 (1), a declaration, the text of which appears in Annex IV, given by the exporter on an invoice, a delivery note or any other commercial document which describes the products concerned in sufficient detail to enable them to be identified (hereinafter referred to as the 'invoice declaration`).2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, originating products within the meaning of this Protocol shall, in the cases specified in Article 26, benefit from this Agreement without it being necessary to submit any of the documents referred to above.Article 17 Procedure for the issue of a movement certificate EUR.11. A movement certificate EUR.1 shall be issued by the customs authorities of the exporting country on application having been made in writing by the exporter or, under the exporter's responsibility, by his authorized representative.2. For this purpose, the exporter or his authorized representative shall fill out both the movement certificate EUR.1 and the application form, specimens of which appear in Annex III. These forms shall be completed in one of the languages in which this Agreement is drawn up and in accordance with the provisions of the domestic law of the exporting country. If they are handwritten, they shall be completed in ink in printed characters. The description of the products must be given in the box reserved for this purpose without leaving any blank lines. Where the box is not completely filled, a horizontal line must be drawn below the last line of the description, the empty space being crossed through.3. The exporter applying for the issue of a movement certificate EUR.1 shall be prepared to submit at any time, at the request of the customs authorities of the exporting country where the movement certificate EUR.1 is issued, all appropriate documents proving the originating status of the products concerned as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.4. A movement certificate EUR.1 shall be issued by the customs authorities of an EC Member State or Switzerland if the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Switzerland or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.5. The issuing customs authorities shall take any steps necessary to verify the originating status of the products and the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol. For this purpose, they shall have the right to call for any evidence and to carry out any inspection of the exporter's accounts or any other check considered appropriate. The issuing customs authorities shall also ensure that the forms referred to in paragraph 2 are duly completed. In particular, they shall check whether the space reserved for the description of the products has been completed in such a manner as to exclude all possibility of fraudulent additions.6. The date of issue of the movement certificate EUR.1 shall be indicated in Box 11 of the certificate.7. A movement certificate EUR.1 shall be issued by the customs authorities and made available to the exporter as soon as actual exportation has been effected or ensured.Article 18 Movement certificates EUR.1 issued retrospectively1. Notwithstanding Article 17 (7), a movement certificate EUR.1 may exceptionally be issued after exportation of the products to which it relates if:(a) it was not issued at the time of exportation because of errors or involuntary omissions or special circumstances; or(b) it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the customs authorities that a movement certificate EUR.1 was issued but was not accepted at importation for technical reasons.2. For the implementation of paragraph 1, the exporter must indicate in his application the place and date of exportation of the products to which the movement certificate EUR.1 relates, and state the reasons for his request.3. The customs authorities may issue a movement certificate EUR.1 retrospectively only after verifying that the information supplied in the exporter's application agrees with that in the corresponding file.4. Movement certificates EUR.1 issued retrospectively must be endorsed with one of the following phrases:'NACHTRÄGLICH AUSGESTELLT`, 'DÉLIVRÉ A POSTERIORI`, 'RILASCIATO A POSTERIORI`, 'AFGEGEVEN A POSTERIORI`, 'ISSUED RETROSPECTIVELY`, 'UDSTEDT EFTERFØLGENDE`, 'ÅÊÄÏÈÅÍ ÅÊ ÔÙÍ ÕÓÔÅÑÙÍ`, 'EXPEDIDO A POSTERIORI`, 'EMITIDO A POSTERIORI`, 'ANNETTU JÄLKIKÄTEEN`, 'UTFÄRDAT I EFTERHAND`.5. The endorsement referred to in paragraph 4 shall be inserted in the 'Remarks` box of the movement certificate EUR.1.Article 19 Issue of a duplicate movement certificate EUR.11. In the event of theft, loss or destruction of a movement certificate EUR.1, the exporter may apply to the customs authorities which issued it for a duplicate made out on the basis of the export documents in their possession.2. The duplicate issued in this way must be endorsed with one of the following words:'DUPLIKAT`, 'DUPLICATA`, 'DUPLICATO`, 'DUPLICAAT`, 'DUPLICATE`, 'ÁÍÔÉÃÑÁÖÏ`, 'DUPLICADO`, 'SEGUNDA VIA`, 'KAKSOISKAPPALE`.3. The endorsement referred to in paragraph 2 shall be inserted in the 'Remarks` box of the duplicate movement certificate EUR.1.4. The duplicate, which must bear the date of issue of the original movement certificate EUR.1, shall take effect as from that date.Article 20 Issue of movement certificates EUR.1 on the basis of a proof of origin issued or made out previouslyWhen originating products are placed under the control of a customs office in the Community or Switzerland, it shall be possible to replace the original proof of origin by one or more movement certificates EUR.1 for the purpose of sending all or some of these products elsewhere within the Community or Switzerland. The replacement movement certificate(s) EUR.1 shall be issued by the customs office under whose control the products are placed.Article 21 Conditions for making out an invoice declaration1. An invoice declaration as referred to in Article 16 (1) (b) may be made out:(a) by an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22, or(b) by any exporter for any consignment consisting of one or more packages containing originating products whose total value does not exceed ECU 6 000.2. An invoice declaration may be made out if the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Switzerland or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.3. The exporter making out an invoice declaration shall be prepared to submit at any time, at the request of the customs authorities of the exporting country, all appropriate documents proving the originating status of the products concerned as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.4. An invoice declaration shall be made out by the exporter by typing, stamping or printing on the invoice, the delivery note or another commercial document, the declaration, the text of which appears in Annex IV, using one of the linguistic versions set out in that Annex and in accordance with the provisions of the domestic law of the exporting country. If the declaration is handwritten, it shall be written in ink in printed characters.5. Invoice declarations shall bear the original signature of the exporter in manuscript. However, an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22 shall not be required to sign such declarations provided that he gives the customs authorities of the exporting country a written undertaking that he accepts full responsibility for any invoice declaration which identifies him as if it had been signed in manuscript by him.6. An invoice declaration may be made out by the exporter when the products to which it relates are exported, or after exportation on condition that it is presented in the importing country no longer than two years after the importation of the products to which it relates.Article 22 Approved exporter1. The customs authorities of the exporting country may authorize any exporter who makes frequent shipments of products under this Agreement to make out invoice declarations irrespective of the value of the products concerned. An exporter seeking such authorization must offer to the satisfaction of the customs authorities all guarantees necessary to verify the originating status of the products as well as the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.2. The customs authorities may grant the status of approved exporter subject to any conditions which they consider appropriate.3. The customs authorities shall grant to the approved exporter a customs authorization number which shall appear on the invoice declaration.4. The customs authorities shall monitor the use of the authorization by the approved exporter.5. The customs authorities may withdraw the authorization at any time. They shall do so where the approved exporter no longer offers the guarantees referred to in paragraph 1, does not fulfil the conditions referred to in paragraph 2 or otherwise makes an incorrect use of the authorization.Article 23 Validity of proof of origin1. A proof of origin shall be valid for four months from the date of issue in the exporting country, and must be submitted within the said period to the customs authorities of the importing country.2. Proofs of origin which are submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country after the final date for presentation specified in paragraph 1 may be accepted for the purpose of applying preferential treatment, where the failure to submit these documents by the final date set is due to exceptional circumstances.3. In other cases of belated presentation, the customs authorities of the importing country may accept the proofs of origin where the products have been submitted before the said final date.Article 24 Submission of proof of originProofs of origin shall be submitted to the customs authorities of the importing country in accordance with the procedures applicable in that country. The said authorities may require a translation of a proof of origin and may also require the import declaration to be accompanied by a statement from the importer to the effect that the products meet the conditions required for the implementation of the Agreement.Article 25 Importation by instalmentsWhere, at the request of the importer and on the conditions laid down by the customs authorities of the importing country, dismantled or non-assembled products within the meaning of General Rule 2 (a) of the Harmonized System falling within Sections XVI and XVII or heading Nos 7308 and 9406 of the Harmonized System are imported by instalments, a single proof of origin for such products shall be submitted to the customs authorities upon importation of the first instalment.Article 26 Exemptions from proof of origin1. Products sent as small packages from private persons to private persons or forming part of travellers' personal luggage shall be admitted as originating products without requiring the submission of a proof of origin, provided that such products are not imported by way of trade and have been declared as meeting the requirements of this Protocol and where there is no doubt as to the veracity of such a declaration. In the case of products sent by post, this declaration can be made on the customs declaration C2/CP3 or on a sheet of paper annexed to that document.2. Imports which are occasional and consist solely of products for the personal use of the recipients or travellers or their families shall not be considered as imports by way of trade if it is evident from the nature and quantity of the products that no commercial purpose is in view.3. Furthermore, the total value of these products shall not exceed ECU 500 in the case of small packages or ECU 1 200 in the case of products forming part of travellers' personal luggage.Article 27 Supporting documentsThe documents referred to in Articles 17 (3) and 21 (3) used for the purpose of proving that products covered by a movement certificate EUR.1 or an invoice declaration can be considered as products originating in the Community, Switzerland or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol may consist inter alia of the following:(a) direct evidence of the processes carried out by the exporter or supplier to obtain the goods concerned, contained for example in his accounts or internal bookkeeping;(b) documents proving the originating status of materials used, issued or made out in the Community or Switzerland where these documents are used in accordance with domestic law;(c) documents proving the working or processing of materials in the Community or Switzerland, issued or made out in the Community or Switzerland, where these documents are used in accordance with domestic law;(d) movement certificates EUR.1 or invoice declarations proving the originating status of materials used, issued or made out in the Community or Switzerland in accordance with this Protocol, or in one of the other countries referred to in Article 4, in accordance with that Article;(e) appropriate evidence concerning working or processing undergone outside the territories of the Community and Switzerland by application of Article 12, proving that the requirements of that Article have been satisfied.Article 28 Preservation of proof of origin and supporting documents1. The exporter applying for the issue of a movement certificate EUR.1 shall keep for at least three years the documents referred to in Article 17 (3).2. The exporter making out an invoice declaration shall keep for at least three years a copy of this invoice declaration as well as the documents referred to in Article 21 (3).3. The customs authorities of the exporting country issuing a movement certificate EUR.1 shall keep for at least three years the application form referred to in Article 17 (2).4. The customs authorities of the importing country shall keep for at least three years the movement certificates EUR.1 and the invoice declarations submitted to them.Article 29 Discrepancies and formal errors1. The discovery of slight discrepancies between the statements made in the proof of origin and those made in the documents submitted to the customs office for the purpose of carrying out the formalities for importing the products shall not ipso facto render the proof of origin null and void if it is duly established that this document does correspond to the products submitted.2. Obvious formal errors such as typing errors on a proof of origin should not cause this document to be rejected if these errors are not such as to create doubts concerning the correctness of the statements made in this document.Article 30 Amounts expressed in ECU1. Amounts in the national currency of the exporting country equivalent to the amounts expressed in ECU shall be fixed by the exporting country and communicated to the importing countries through the European Commission.2. When the amounts exceed the corresponding amounts fixed by the importing country, the latter shall accept them if the products are invoiced in the currency of the exporting country. When the products are invoiced in the currency of another EC Member State or another country referred to in Article 4, the importing country shall recognize the amount notified by the country concerned.3. The amounts to be used in any given national currency shall be the equivalent in that national currency of the amounts expressed in ECU as at the first working day in October 1996.4. The amounts expressed in ECU and their equivalents in the national currencies of the Member States and Switzerland shall be reviewed by the Joint Committee at the request of the Community or Switzerland. When carrying out this review, the Joint Committee shall ensure that there will be no decrease in the amounts to be used in any national currency and shall furthermore consider the desirability of preserving the effects of the limits concerned in real terms. For this purpose, it may decide to modify the amounts expressed in ECU.TITLE VI ARRANGEMENTS FOR ADMINISTRATIVE COOPERATION Article 31 Mutual assistance1. The customs authorities of the EC Member States and of Switzerland shall provide each other, through the European Commission, with specimen impressions of stamps used in their customs offices for the issue of movement certificates EUR.1 and with the addresses of the customs authorities responsible for verifying those certificates and invoice declarations.2. In order to ensure the proper application of this Protocol, the Community and Switzerland shall assist each other, through the competent customs administrations, in checking the authenticity of the movement certificates EUR.1 or the invoice declarations and the correctness of the information given in these documents.Article 32 Verification of proofs of origin1. Subsequent verifications of proofs of origin shall be carried out at random or whenever the customs authorities of the importing country have reasonable doubts as to the authenticity of such documents, the originating status of the products concerned or the fulfilment of the other requirements of this Protocol.2. For the purposes of implementing the provisions of paragraph 1, the customs authorities of the importing country shall return the movement certificate EUR.1 and the invoice, if it has been submitted, the invoice declaration, or a copy of these documents, to the customs authorities of the exporting country giving, where appropriate, the reasons for the enquiry. Any documents and information obtained suggesting that the information given on the proof of origin is incorrect shall be forwarded in support of the request for verification.3. The verification shall be carried out by the customs authorities of the exporting country. For this purpose, they shall have the right to call for any evidence and to carry out any inspection of the exporter's accounts or any other check considered appropriate.4. If the customs authorities of the importing country decide to suspend the granting of preferential treatment to the products concerned while awaiting the results of the verification, release of the products shall be offered to the importer subject to any precautionary measures judged necessary.5. The customs authorities requesting the verification shall be informed of the results of this verification as soon as possible. These results must indicate clearly whether the documents are authentic and whether the products concerned can be considered as products originating in the Community, Switzerland or one of the other countries referred to in Article 4 and fulfil the other requirements of this Protocol.6. If in cases of reasonable doubt there is no reply within ten months of the date of the verification request or if the reply does not contain sufficient information to determine the authenticity of the document in question or the real origin of the products, the requesting customs authorities shall, except in exceptional circumstances, refuse entitlement to the preferences.Article 33 Dispute settlementWhere disputes arise in relation to the verification procedures of Article 32 which cannot be settled between the customs authorities requesting a verification and the customs authorities responsible for carrying out this verification or where they raise a question as to the interpretation of this Protocol, they shall be submitted to the Joint Committee.In all cases the settlement of disputes between the importer and the customs authorities of the importing country shall be under the legislation of the said country.Article 34 PenaltiesPenalties shall be imposed on any person who draws up, or causes to be drawn up, a document which contains incorrect information for the purpose of obtaining a preferential treatment for products.Article 35 Free zones1. The Community and Switzerland shall take all necessary steps to ensure that products traded under cover of a proof of origin which in the course of transport use a free zone situated in their territory, are not substituted by other goods and do not undergo handling other than normal operations designed to prevent their deterioration.2. By means of an exemption to the provisions contained in paragraph 1, when products originating in the Community or Switzerland are imported into a free zone under cover of a proof of origin and undergo treatment or processing, the authorities concerned shall issue a new EUR.1 certificate at the exporter's request, if the treatment or processing undergone is in conformity with the provisions of this Protocol.TITLE VII CEUTA AND MELILLA Article 36 Application of the Protocol1. The term 'Community` used in Article 2 does not cover Ceuta and Melilla.2. Products originating in Switzerland, when imported into Ceuta or Melilla, shall enjoy in all respects the same customs regime as that which is applied to products originating in the customs territory of the Community under Protocol 2 of the Act of Accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic to the European Communities. Switzerland shall grant to imports of products covered by the Agreement and originating in Ceuta and Melilla the same customs regime as that which is granted to products imported from and originating in the Community.3. For the purpose of the application of paragraph 2 concerning products originating in Ceuta and Melilla, this Protocol shall apply mutatis mutandis subject to the special conditions set out in Article 37.Article 37 Special conditions1. Providing they have been transported directly in accordance with the provisions of Article 13, the following shall be considered as:(1) products originating in Ceuta and Melilla:(a) products wholly obtained in Ceuta and Melilla;(b) products obtained in Ceuta and Melilla in the manufacture of which products other than those referred to in (a) are used, provided that:(i) the said products have undergone sufficient working or processing within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol; or that(ii) those products are originating in Switzerland or the Community within the meaning of this Protocol, provided that they have been submitted to working or processing which goes beyond the insufficient working or processing referred to in Article 7 (1);(2) products originating in Switzerland:(a) products wholly obtained in Switzerland;(b) products obtained in Switzerland, in the manufacture of which products other than those referred to in (a) are used, provided that:(i) the said products have undergone sufficient working or processing within the meaning of Article 6 of this Protocol; or that(ii) those products are originating in Ceuta and Melilla or the Community within the meaning of this Protocol, provided that they have been submitted to working or processing which goes beyond the insufficient working or processing referred to in Article 7 (1).2. Ceuta and Melilla shall be considered as a single territory.3. The exporter or his authorized representative shall enter 'Switzerland` and 'Ceuta and Melilla` in Box 2 of movement certificates EUR.1 or on invoice declarations. In addition, in the case of products originating in Ceuta and Melilla, this shall be indicated in Box 4 of movement certificates EUR.1 or on invoice declarations.4. The Spanish customs authorities shall be responsible for the application of this Protocol in Ceuta and Melilla.TITLE VIII FINAL PROVISIONS Article 38 Amendments to the ProtocolThe Joint Committee may decide to amend the provisions of this Protocol.ANNEX I INTRODUCTORY NOTES TO THE LIST IN ANNEX II Note 1: The list sets out the conditions required for all products to be considered as sufficiently worked or processed within the meaning of Article 6 of the Protocol.Note 2: 2.1. The first two columns in the list describe the product obtained. The first column gives the heading number or chapter number used in the Harmonized System and the second column gives the description of goods used in that system for that heading or chapter. For each entry in the first two columns a rule is specified in columns 3 or 4. Where, in some cases, the entry in the first column is preceded by an 'ex`, this signifies that the rules in columns 3 or 4 apply only to the part of that heading as described in column 2.2.2. Where several heading numbers are grouped together in column 1 or a chapter number is given and the description of products in column 2 is therefore given in general terms, the adjacent rules in columns 3 or 4 apply to all products which, under the Harmonized System, are classified in headings of the chapter or in any of the headings grouped together in column 1.2.3. Where there are different rules in the list applying to different products within a heading, each indent contains the description of that part of the heading covered by the adjacent rules in columns 3 or 4.2.4. Where, for an entry in the first two columns, a rule is specified in both columns 3 and 4, the exporter may opt, as an alternative, to apply either the rule set out in column 3 or that set out in column 4. If no origin rule is given in column 4, the rule set out in column 3 has to be applied.Note 3: 3.1. The provisions of Article 6 of the Protocol concerning products having acquired originating status which are used in the manufacture of other products apply regardless of whether this status has been acquired inside the factory where these products are used or in another factory in the Community or in Switzerland.Example:An engine of heading No 8407, for which the rule states that the value of the non-originating materials which may be incorporated may not exceed 40 per cent of the ex-works price, is made from 'other alloy steel roughly shaped by forging` of heading No ex 7224.If this forging has been forged in the Community from a non-originating ingot, it has already acquired originating status by virtue of the rule for heading No ex 7224 in the list. The forging can then count as originating in the value calculation for the engine regardless of whether it was produced in the same factory or in another factory in the Community. The value of the non-originating ingot is thus not taken into account when adding up the value of the non-originating materials used.3.2. The rule in the list represents the minimum amount of working or processing required and the carrying out of more working or processing also confers originating status; conversely, the carrying out of less working or processing cannot confer originating status. Thus if a rule provides that non-originating material at a certain level of manufacture may be used, the use of such material at an earlier stage of manufacture is allowed and the use of such material at a later stage is not.3.3. Without prejudice to Note 3.2 where a rule states that 'materials of any heading` may be used, materials of the same heading as the product may also be used, subject, however, to any specific limitations which may also be contained in the rule. However, the expression 'manufacture from materials of any heading, including other materials of heading No . . .` means that only materials classified in the same heading as the product of a different description than that of the product as given in column 2 of the list may be used.3.4. When a rule in the list specifies that a product may be manufactured from more than one material, this means that any one or more materials may be used. It does not require that all be used.Example:The rule for fabrics of heading Nos 5208 to 5212 provides that natural fibres may be used and that chemical materials, among other materials, may also be used. This does not mean that both have to be used; it is possible to use one or the other or both.3.5. Where a rule in the list specifies that a product must be manufactured from a particular material, the condition obviously does not prevent the use of other materials which, because of their inherent nature, cannot satisfy the rule. (See also Note 6.2 below in relation to textiles).Example:The rule for prepared foods of heading No 1904 which specifically excludes the use of cereals and their derivatives does not prevent the use of mineral salts, chemicals and other additives which are not products from cereals.However, this does not apply to products which, although they cannot be manufactured from the particular materials specified in the list, can be produced from a material of the same nature at an earlier stage of manufacture.Example:In the case of an article of apparel of ex Chapter 62 made from non-woven materials, if the use of only non-originating yarn is allowed for this class of article, it is not possible to start from non-woven cloth - even if non-woven cloths cannot normally be made from yarn. In such cases, the starting material would normally be at the stage before yarn - that is the fibre stage.3.6. Where, in a rule in the list, two percentages are given for the maximum value of non-originating materials that can be used, then these percentages may not be added together. In other words, the maximum value of all the non-originating materials used may never exceed the highest of the percentages given. Furthermore, the individual percentages must not be exceeded in relation to the particular materials they apply to.Note 4: 4.1. The term 'natural fibres` is used in the list to refer to fibres other than artificial or synthetic fibres. It is restricted to the stages before spinning takes place, including waste, and, unless otherwise specified, includes fibres that have been carded, combed or otherwise processed but not spun.4.2. The term 'natural fibres` includes horsehair of heading No 0503, silk of heading Nos 5002 and 5003 as well as the wool fibres, fine or coarse animal hair of heading Nos 5101 to 5105, the cotton fibres of heading Nos 5201 to 5203 and the other vegetable fibres of heading Nos 5301 to 5305.4.3. The terms 'textile pulp`, 'chemical materials` and 'paper-making materials` are used in the list to describe the materials not classified in Chapters 50 to 63, which can be used to manufacture artificial, synthetic or paper fibres or yarns.4.4. The term 'man-made staple fibres` is used in the list to refer to synthetic or artificial filament tow, staple fibres or waste, of heading Nos 5501 to 5507.Note 5: 5.1. Where for a given product in the list a reference is made to this note, the conditions set out in column 3 shall not be applied to any basic textile materials, used in the manufacture of this product, which, taken together, represent 10 per cent or less of the total weight of all the basic textile materials used. (See also Notes 5.3 and 5.4 below).5.2. However, the tolerance mentioned in Note 5.1 may only be applied to mixed products which have been made from two or more basic textile materials.The following are the basic textile materials:- silk,- wool,- coarse animal hair,- fine animal hair,- horsehair,- cotton,- paper-making materials and paper,- flax,- true hemp,- jute and other textile bast fibres,- sisal and other textile fibres of the genus Agave,- coconut, abaca, ramie and other vegetable textile fibres,- synthetic man-made filaments,- artificial man-made filaments,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polypropylene,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyester,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyamide,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyacrylonitrile,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyimide,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polytetrafluoroethylene,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyphenylene sulphide,- synthetic man-made staple fibres of polyvinyl chloride,- other synthetic man-made staple fibres,- artificial man-made staple fibres of viscose,- other artificial man-made staple fibres,- yarn made of polyurethane segmented with flexible segments of polyether whether or not gimped,- yarn made of polyurethane segmented with flexible segments of polyester whether or not gimped,- products of heading No 5605 (metallized yarn) incorporating strip consisting of a core of aluminium foil or of a core of plastic film whether or not coated with aluminium powder, of a width not exceeding 5 mm, sandwiched by means of a transparent or coloured adhesive between two layers of plastic film,- other products of heading No 5605.Example:A yarn of heading No 5205 made from cotton fibres of heading No 5203 and synthetic staple fibres of heading No 5506 is a mixed yarn. Therefore, non-originating synthetic staple fibres that do not satisfy the origin rules (which require manufacture from chemical materials or textile pulp) may be used up to a weight of 10 per cent of the yarn.Example:A woollen fabric of heading No 5112 made from woollen yarn of heading No 5107 and synthetic yarn of staple fibres of heading No 5509 is a mixed fabric. Therefore synthetic yarn which does not satisfy the origin rules (which require manufacture from chemical materials or textile pulp) or woollen yarn that does not satisfy the origin rules (which require manufacture from natural fibres, not carded or combed or otherwise prepared for spinning) or a combination of the two may be used provided their total weight does not exceed 10 per cent of the weight of the fabric.Example:Tufted textile fabric of heading No 5802 made from cotton yarn of heading No 5205 and cotton fabric of heading No 5210 is only a mixed product if the cotton fabric is itself a mixed fabric being made from yarns classified in two separate headings or if the cotton yarns used are themselves mixtures.Example:If the tufted textile fabric concerned had been made from cotton yarn of heading No 5205 and synthetic fabric of heading No 5407, then, obviously, the yarns used are two separate basic textile materials and the tufted textile fabric is accordingly a mixed product.Example:A carpet with tufts made from both artificial yarns and cotton yarns and with a jute backing is a mixed product because three basic textile materials are used. Thus, any non-originating materials that are at a later stage of manufacture than the rule allows may be used, provided their total weight does not exceed 10 per cent of the weight of the textile materials of the carpet. Thus, both the jute backing and/or the artificial yarns could be imported at that stage of manufacture, provided the weight conditions are met.5.3. In the case of products incorporating 'yarn made of polyurethane segmented with flexible segments of polyether whether or not gimped` this tolerance is 20 per cent in respect of this yarn.5.4. In the case of products incorporating 'strip consisting of a core of aluminium foil or of a core of plastic film whether or not coated with aluminium powder, of a width not exceeding 5 mm, sandwiched by means of an adhesive between two layers of plastic film`, this tolerance is 30 per cent in respect of this strip.Note 6: 6.1. In the case of those textile products which are marked in the list by a footnote referring to this note, textile materials, with the exception of linings and interlinings, which do not satisfy the rule set out in the list in column 3 for the made-up product concerned may be used provided that they are classified in a heading other than that of the product and that their value does not exceed 8 per cent of the ex-works price of the product.6.2. Without prejudice to Note 6.3, materials which are not classified within Chapters 50 to 63 may be used freely in the manufacture of textile products, whether or not they contain textiles.Example:If a rule in the list provides that for a particular textile item, such as trousers, yarn must be used, this does not prevent the use of metal items, such as buttons, because buttons are not classified within Chapters 50 to 63. For the same reason, it does not prevent the use of slide-fasteners even though slide-fasteners normally contain textiles.6.3. Where a percentage rules applies, the value of materials which are not classified within Chapters 50 to 63 must be taken into account when calculating the value of the non-originating materials incorporated.Note 7: 7.1. For the purposes of heading Nos ex 2707, 2713 to 2715, ex 2901, ex 2902 and ex 3403, the 'specific processes` are the following:(a) vacuum distillation;(b) redistillation by a very thorough fractionation process (1);(c) cracking;(d) reforming;(e) extraction by means of selective solvents;(f) the process comprising all the following operations: processing with concentrated sulphuric acid, oleum or sulphuric anhydride; neutralization with alkaline agents; decolorization and purification with naturally active earth, activated earth, activated charcoal or bauxite;(g) polymerization;(h) alkylation;(i) isomerization.7.2. For the purposes of heading Nos 2710, 2711 and 2712, the 'specific processes` are the following:(a) vacuum distillation;(b) redistillation by a very thorough fractionation process (2);(c) cracking;(d) reforming;(e) extraction by means of selective solvents;(f) the process comprising all the following operations: processing with concentrated sulphuric acid, oleum or sulphuric anhydride; neutralization with alkaline agents; decolorization and purification with naturally active earth, activated earth, activated charcoal or bauxite;(g) polymerization;(h) alkylation;(ij) isomerization;(k) in respect of heavy oils falling within heading No ex 2710 only, desulphurization with hydrogen resulting in a reduction of at least 85 per cent of the sulphur content of the products processed (ASTM D 1266-59 T method);(l) in respect of products falling within heading No 2710 only, deparaffining by a process other than filtering;(m) in respect of heavy oils falling within heading No ex 2710 only, treatment with hydrogen at a pressure of more than 20 bar and a temperature of more than 250 °C with the use of a catalyst, other than to effect desulphurization, when the hydrogen constitutes an active element in a chemical reaction. The further treatment with hydrogen of lubricating oils of heading No ex 2710 (e.g. hydrofinishing or decolorization) in order, more especially, to improve colour or stability shall not, however, be deemed to be a specific process;(n) in respect of fuel oils falling within heading No ex 2710 only, atmospheric distillation, on condition that less than 30 per cent of these products distil, by volume, including losses, at 300 °C by the ASTM D 86 method;(o) in respect of heavy oils other than gas oils and fuel oils falling within heading No ex 2710 only, treatment by means of a high-frequency electrical brush-discharge.7.3. For the purposes of heading Nos ex 2707, 2713 to 2715, ex 2901, ex 2902 and ex 3403, simple operations such as cleaning, decanting, desalting, water separation, filtering, colouring, marking, obtaining a sulphur content as a result of mixing products with different sulphur content, any combination of these operations or like operations do not confer origin.(1) See Additional Explanatory Note 4 (b) to Chapter 27 of the combined nomenclature.(2) See Additional Explanatory Note 4 (b) to Chapter 27 of the combined nomenclature.ANNEX II LIST OF WORKING OR PROCESSING REQUIRED TO BE CARRIED OUT ON NON-ORIGINATING MATERIALS IN ORDER THAT THE PRODUCT MANUFACTURED CAN OBTAIN ORIGINATING STATUS The products mentioned in the list may not all be covered by the Agreement. It is therefore necessary to consult the other parts of the Agreement>TABLE>ANNEX III MOVEMENT CERTIFICATE EUR.1 AND APPLICATION FOR A MOVEMENT CERTIFICATE EUR.1 Printing instructions 1. Each form shall measure 210 × 297 mm; a tolerance of up to minus 5 mm or plus 8 mm in the length may be allowed. The paper used must be white, sized for writing, not containing mechanical pulp and weighing not less than 25 g/m². It shall have a printed green guilloche pattern background making any falsification by mechanical or chemical means apparent to the eye.2. The competent authorities of the Member States of the Community and of Switzerland may reserve the right to print the forms themselves or may have them printed by approved printers. In the latter case, each form must include a reference to such approval. Each form must bear the name and address of the printer or a mark by which the printer can be identified. It shall also bear a serial number, either printed or not, by which it can be identified.>REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC>>REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC>>REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC>>REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC>ANNEX IV INVOICE DECLARATION >START OF GRAPHIC>The invoice declaration, the text of which is given below, must be made out in accordance with the footnotes. However, the footnotes do not have to be reproduced.English versionThe exporter of the products covered by this document (customs authorization No . . . (1)) declares that, except where otherwise clearly indicated, these products are of . . . preferential origin (2).Spanish versionEl exportador de los productos incluidos en el presente documento (autorización aduanera no . . . (1)) declara que, salvo indicación en sentido contrario, estos productos gozan de un origen preferencial . . . (2).Danish versionEksportøren af varer, der er omfattet af nærværende dokument, (toldmyndighedernes tilladelse nr. . . . (1)), erklærer, at varerne, medmindre andet tydeligt er angivet, har præferenceoprindelse i . . . (2).German versionDer Ausführer (Ermächtigter Ausführer; Bewilligungs-Nr. . . . (1)), der Waren, auf die sich dieses Handelspapier bezieht, erklärt, daß diese Waren, soweit nicht anders angegeben, präferenzbegünstigte . . . Ursprungswaren sind (2).Greek versionÏ åîáãùãÝáò ôùí ðñïúüíôùí ðïõ êáëýðôïíôáé áðü ôï ðáñüí Ýããñáöï (Üäåéá ôåëùíåßïõ õð' áñéè. . . . (1)) dhl´vnei óti, ektów eán dhl´vnetai saf´vw állvw, ta proïónta aztá eínai protimhsiak´hw katagvg´hw . . . (2).French versionL'exportateur des produits couverts par le présent document (autorisation douanière no . . . (1)), déclare que, sauf indication claire du contraire, ces produits ont l'origine préférentielle . . . (2).Italian versionL'esportatore delle merci contemplate nel presente documento (autorizzazione doganale n. . . . (1)) dichiara che, salvo indicazione contraria, le merci sono di origine preferenziale . . . (2).Dutch versionDe exporteur van de goederen waarop dit document van toepassing is (douanevergunning nr. . . . (1)), verklaart dat, behoudens uitdrukkelijke andersluidende vermelding, deze goederen van preferentiële . . . oorsprong zijn (2).Portuguese versionO abaixo assinado, exportador dos produtos cobertos pelo presente documento (autorização aduaneira no. . . . (1)), declara que, salvo expressamente indicado em contrário, estes produtos são de origem preferencial . . . (2).(1) When the invoice declaration is made out by an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22 of the Protocol, the authorization number of the approved exporter must be entered in this space. When the invoice declaration is not made out by an approved exporter, the words in brackets shall be omitted or the space left blank.(2) Origin of products to be indicated. When the invoice declaration relates in whole or in part, to products originating in Ceuta and Melilla within the meaning of Article 37 of the Protocol, the exporter must clearly indicate them in the document on which the declaration is made out by means of the symbol 'CM'.Finnish versionTässä asiakirjassa mainittujen tuotteiden viejä (tullin lupan:o . . . (1)) ilmoittaa, että nämä tuotteet ovat, ellei toisin ole selvästi merkitty, etuuskohteluun oikeutettuja . . . alkuperätuotteita (2).Swedish versionExportören av de varor som omfattas av detta dokument (tullmyndighetens tillstånd nr. . . . (1)) försäkrar att dessa varor, om inte annat tydligt markerats, har förmånsberättigande . . . ursprung (2).. (3)(Place and date). (4)(Signature of the exporter; in addition the name of the person signing the declaration has to be indicated in clear script)(1) When the invoice declaration is made out by an approved exporter within the meaning of Article 22 of the Protocol, the authorization number of the approved exporter must be entered in this space. When the invoice declaration is not made out by an approved exporter, the words in brackets shall be omitted or the space left blank.(2) Origin of products to be indicated. When the invoice declaration relates in whole or in part, to products originating in Ceuta and Melilla within the meaning of Article 37 of the Protocol, the exporter must clearly indicate them in the document on which the declaration is made out by means of the symbol 'CM'.(3) These indications may be omitted if the information is contained on the document itself.(4) See Article 21 (5) of the Protocol. In cases where the exporter is not required to sign, the exemption of signature also implies the exemption of the name of the signatory.>END OF GRAPHIC>JOINT DECLARATION concerning the Principality of Andorra 1. Products originating in the Principality of Andorra falling within Chapters 25 to 97 of the Harmonized System shall be accepted by Switzerland as originating in the Community within the meaning of this Agreement.2. Protocol 3 shall apply mutatis mutandis for the purpose of defining the originating status of the abovementioned products.JOINT DECLARATION concerning the Republic of San Marino 1. Products originating in the Republic of San Marino shall be accepted by Switzerland as originating in the Community within the meaning of this Agreement.2. Protocol 3 shall apply mutatis mutandis for the purpose of defining the originating status of the abovementioned products.