Re-examined proposal for a COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) on food-aid policy and food-aid management and special operations in support of food security
Date: 1996-06-04
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU policy, aid policy, aid system, development policy, food aid

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES 

Brussels, 04.06  1996 
COM(%) 250  final 

95/0160 (SYN) 

Re-examined proposal tor a 

CQVNÇH ftEQUlATIQN (EC) 

ON 

FOOD-AID POLICY AND FOOD-AID MANAGEMENT AND 

SPECIAL OPERATIONS IN SUPPORT OF FOOD SECURITY 

(presented by the Commission pursuant to Article  189 c (d) 
of the EC Treaty) 

EXPLANATORY  MEMORANDUM 

(concerning  the amendments  accepted  and the amendments  rejected) 

Re-examined  proposal  for  a Council  Regulation  (EC)  on food  aid  policy  and  food  aid 
management  and  special operations  in support of food  security 

References:  Proposal  COM(95) 283 final 95/0160 (SYN). 

Cooperation  procedure second reading Article 189c(d). 

BACKGROUND 

On  14 July  1995 the Commission presented to Council and Parliament a proposal  for  a 
regulation on food aid policy and food aid management and special operations in support 
of food  security. 

The  aim  of  this  proposal  is  to  review,  restructure,  update  and  adapt  all  the  legal 
instruments of  food aid policy and management,  including special operations in support 
of food security, such as allocations of inputs and seeds and storage programmes or early 
warning systems. 

The proposal for  a Council Regulation on aid and food  security, based on Article  130w 
of the Treaty,  is subject  to the cooperation procedure  (Article  189c of the Treaty). 

Under  the  cooperation  procedure,  on  21 May  Parliament  expressed  its  opinion  upon 
second reading and adopted a total of 39 amendments (PE 216/574).  In accordance with 
Article  189c(d)  the  Commission  presented  a  re-examined  proposal  incorporating  the 
amendments  which  it  accepted. 

COMMENTS  ON  THE  AMENDMENTS  ADOPTED  BY  PARLIAMENT  UPON 
SECOND READING 

Taken  as a  whole,  the amendments  fall  into two  categories:  those  which  concern  the 
content of the Regulation (food aid as an instrument for combating poverty,  stepping up 
local  purchases,  supplying  drinking  water  and  women's  role  in  food  security  projects) 
and  those  which  concern  the  form,  many  of  which  provide  clarification  and  helpful 
explanations that  improve the text. 

(a) 

Brief  detailed  analysis of the amendments  accepted/rejected 

The amendments  submitted  at second  reading  fall  into four categories. 

The Commission  accepted  the following  amendments  in their  entirety: 

The Commission  accepted the following  amendments  in their entirety: 
Nos  1, 2,  3, 5, 6,  7,  9,  10,  15 (1st indent),  15 (2nd indent),  15 (3rd indent),  16 
(3rd indent),  17,  18, 19, 20, 21 (1st indent), 21 (2nd indent), 21 (4th indent), 21 
(5th indent), 21 (6th indent), 21 (7th indent), 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31,  34, 
35, 37, 38, since they are amendments which are acceptable or even represent 
an improvement. 

The Commission  accepted  the  substance  of the following  amendments but gave 
them another form,  because they are acceptable  in terms of substance but the 
Commission  prefers  other wording:  Nos 8,  4,  11,  12,  13 and 14. 

The  Commission  did  not  accept  the  following  amendments  either because they 
restrict  the scope  of  food  aid  or  because  they  impose  excessive  management 
constraints  on  the  Commission's  departments  (Nos  15  (4th  indent),  16  (1st 
indent),  16 (2nd indent), 21 (3rd indent), 32,39 and 40) or because they are very 
difficult  to reconcile with the compromise obtained within the Council  (Nos 
25,  26,  33 and 36). 

(b) 

Commission  position and grounds for that  position 

While taking account of the Commission position proposed  for the remainder of 
the amendments as indicated under (a), the Commission rejected the amendments 
referred  to  in the preceding  paragraph  for  the following  reasons: 

No  15 (fourth  indent):  this amendment concerns the reduction of the beneficiary 
countries'  dependence  on  food  imports;  the  Commission  supports  commercial 
imports  as  a  major  component  of  food  security  policy  in  countries  with  a 
structural  shortfall. 

No  16 (1st  and 2nd  indents):  this  amendment  sets as an exclusive  criterion for 
awarding  food  aid either  the  inability  of the beneficiaries  to make up their food 
shortfall themselves or the presence of fundamental  food shortfalls.  Making the 
award of food aid so exclusive is likely to restrict the scope of food aid and food 
security operations. 

No  21  (3rd  indent):  the  purpose  of  the  amendment  is to  step  up financing  for 
those  responsible  for  marketing,  transporting  and  distributing  agricultural 
products  and  foodstuffs.  Community  financing  is for  the marketing,  transport, 
distribution or processing  of agricultural  products  and food,  and  is not  intended 
to provide  aid for  "those responsible"  for  such operations. 

Nos 25 and 26:  these amendments  concern the mobilization of products  on the 
developing  countries'  markets,  the  real  "hard  core"  of  the  Regulation.  The 
Commission  considers  that  the  priority  criterion  for  purchases  established  by 
Parliament  in  amendments  25  and  26,  while  encouraging  and  increasing  the 
importance  of  triangular  exports,  greatly  exceeds  the  "dynamic balance" which 
was  achieved  with  great  difficulty  within  the  Working  Party  on  Food  Aid  by 
means  of  the  proposal  for  a  compromise  on  Article  11  drawn  up  by  the 
Presidency. 

^  — 

No  32:  this  amendment  calls upon the Commission  to undertake  the  necessary 
coordination  between  its  directorates-general  and  departments  in  order  to 
guarantee compatibility between the operations conducted in the sphere of aid and 
food  security  and those  conducted  in other  spheres.  The Commission  is unable 
to accept the amendment  since  it already  undertakes  this coordination,  which in 
any  event  comes under  its own internal  management  rules. 

No 33:  this amendment concerns Article  21 of the common position determining 
the respective contributions of the Community and the Member States making up 
the  overall  amount  of  cereals  laid  down  in  the  Food  Aid  Convention.  This 
Article is the result of lengthy discussions within the Council Working Party and 
the final text provides  for joint  action  (decision sui generis ) by  the Council  on 
behalf  of the Community  in respect of the Community  share and by the Member 
States'  representatives  on their  own behalf  for  the national  quantities. 

No 36:  the aim of this amendment  is to include national  aid in the analysis and 
monitoring conducted by the Food Aid Committee.  The Committee's powers are 
confined  to food security operations which qualify  for Community aid and do not 
in any  instance extend  to national  aid. 

No 39:  this amendment calls on the Commission to draw up a report evaluating 
food  aid operations and to transmit it to Parliament once a year.  In line with the 
"Williamson  Declaration",  the  Commission  considers  that  it  would  be better  to 
remove  the  reference  to  timing  for  the  presentation  of  reports  other  than  that 
provided  for  in Article  31 of the common position. 

No 40:  the aim of this  amendment  is to have the  Commission present  targeted 
evaluation  of  how  far  food  aid  operations complement  the  EU's  other  policies. 
A commitment  of this kind  would  oblige the Commission to provide  evaluation 
of  the  complementary  nature  of  food  aid  operations,  an  evaluation  operation 
which  is now well  advanced. 

o-  -

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular 

Article  130w thereof, 

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, (1) 

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article  189c of the Treaty, i2) 

C)  OJ No C 253, 29.9.95, p.10. 
(2)  Parliament decision of....not yet published in the OJ. 

—m 
S\-2 

Whereas  now  as  ever  food  aid is  an  important  aspect  of  the  Community's  development 

cooperation  policy; 

Whereas  food  aid  must  be  integrated  into  the  developing  countries'  policies  for  the 

improvement  of  their  food  security,  in  particular  by  the  establishment  of  food  strategies  aimed 

at  alleviating  poverty  and  geared  to  achieving  the  ultimate  goal  of  making  food  aid 

superfluous; 

Whereas  the  European  Community  and  its  Member  States  closely  coordinate  their 

development  cooperation  policies  as  regards  food-aid  programmes  and  operations  aimed 

specifically  at  enhancing  food  security;  whereas  the  Community,  with  its  Member  States,  is a 

party  to  certain  international  agreements  in this  domain,  and  in  particular  the  Food  Aid 

Convention; 

Whereas  regional,  national  and  household  food  security,  with  the  long-term  aim  of  securing 

universal  access  to  a diet  that  will  promote  a healthy  and  active  life,  is  an  important  element 

in the  fight  against  poverty;  whereas  it  is  important  for  this  to  be  emphasized  in  all 

programmes  intended  for  developing  countries; 

Whereas  food  aid  must  not  have  any  adverse  effects  on  the  normal  production  and 

commercial  import  structures  of  the  recipient  countries; 

Whereas  food  aid  and  operations  in  support  of  food  security  are  key  features  of  Community 

development  cooperation  policy  and  must  be taken  into  account  as  objectives  in  all 

Community  policies  likely  to  affect  the  developing  countries,  in  particular  from  the  point  of 

view  of  economic  reforms  and  structural  adjustment; 

Whereas,  given  the  different  responsibilities  of  men  and  women  for  the  food  security  of 

households,  systematic  account  should  be taken  of  their  different  roles  when  drawing  up 

programmes  aimed  at  achieving  food  security; 

Whereas  women  and  communities  should  be  involved  to  a greater  extent  in  efforts  to  achieve 

food  security  at  national,  regional  or  local  level  and  at  the  level  of  households; 

EN 
3 

Whereas food aid must be an effective  instrument ensuring access to an adequate and 

appropriate diet and improving the availability and accessibility of foodstuffs to the public, 

consistent with local dietary habits and production and trading systems, particularly  in food 

crises, and fully integrated into development policy; 

Whereas the food-aid instrument is a key component of the Community's policy on 

preventing or helping in crisis situations in the developing countries; whereas account should 

be taken in its implementation of its possible social and political effects; 

Whereas food-aid operations cannot be part of a viable solution unless they are integrated 

into development operations geared to relaunching local production and trade; 

Whereas analysis, diagnosis, programming and monitoring need to be improved to make food 

aid more effective  and avoid adverse effects on local production, distribution, transport and 

marketing capacities; 

Whereas food aid should be made a real instrument of the Community's policy of cooperation 

with the developing countries, thereby enabling the Community to participate fully in 

multiannual development projects; 

Whereas it is therefore  necessary that the Community be able to provide a steady overall flow 

of aid and be in a position, in appropriate cases, to undertake to supply to the developing 

countries minimum amounts of products under specific multiannual programmes linked to 

development policies as well as to enter  into undertakings in relation to international 

organizations; 

"ÉFJ 
4 

Whereas  the  Community's  support  for  the  developing  countries'  efforts  to  achieve  food 

security  could  be  enhanced  by  greater  flexibility  in food  aid, granting  financial  support  for 

operations  concerning  food  security,  and  in  particular  the  development  of  farming  and  food 

crops  as  an  alternative  to  food  aid  in  certain  circumstances,  while  protecting  the  environment 

and  the  interests  of  small  farmers  and  fishermen; 

Whereas  the  Community  can  assist  those  in  need  in  rural  and  urban  areas  in the  developing 

countries  by  helping  finance  operations  in  support  of  food  security  through  the  purchase  of 

food  products,  seed,  agricultural  implements  and  inputs,  and  various  means  of  production, 

and  through  storage  programmes,  early-warning  systems,  mobilization,  supervision  and 

technical  and  financial  assistance; 

Whereas  it  is  necessary  to  strengthen  and  continue  to  support  regional  approaches  to  food 

security,  including  triangular  operations  in the  field  of  food  aid  and  local  purchasing  operations 

in  order  to  make  use  of  the  natural  complementarity  between  countries  belonging  to  the  same 

region;  whereas  the  policies  conducted  in the  field  of  food  security  should  be  given  a  regional 

dimension  in  order  to  foster  regional  trade  in foodstuffs  and  promote  integration; 

Whereas  the  purchase  of  foodstuffs  at  local  level  reduces  inefficiency,  costs  and  damage  to 

the  environment  which  might  be  caused  by  the  transport  of  large  quantities  of  foodstuffs  in 

the  world; 

Whereas  the  genetic  potential  and  bio-diversity  of  food  production  must  be  safeguarded; 

Whereas  Community  food-aid  policy  must  adjust  to  geopolitical  change  and  the  economic 

reforms  under  way  in  many  recipient  countries; 

Whereas  a list  should  be  drawn  up  of  the  countries  and  bodies  eligible  for  Community  aid 

operations; 

Whereas  to  that  end  provision  should  also  be  made  for  Community  aid to  be  made  available 

to  international,  regional  and  non-governmental  organizations;  whereas  such  organizations 

must  satisfy  a  number  of  conditions  guaranteeing  the  success  of  food-aid  operations; 

IN 

5 

Whereas,  in  order  to  facilitate  the  application  of  certain  of  the  measures  envisaged  and  ensure 

that  they  mesh  with  the  recipient  country's  food  security  policy,  provision  should  be  made  for 

close  cooperation  between  the  Member  States  and the  Commission  within  a  Food  Security 

and  Food  Aid  Committee; 

Whereas  in  determining  the  steps  to  be  taken  for  the  execution  of  food-aid  operations  the 

implementing  procedures  should  be  adjusted  to  the  specific  nature  of  each  recipient  area, 

although  within  the  framework  of  a common  policy  and  strategy; 

Whereas,  in  order  to  ensure  better  management  of  food  aid,  aligning  it  more  closely  on  the 

interests  and  needs  of  the  recipient  countries,  and to  improve  the  decision-making  and 

implementing  procedures,  it  is  desirable  to  replace  Council  Regulation  (EEC)  No  3 9 7 2 / 86  on 

food-aid  policy  and  food-aid  management,  (3) as  last  amended  by  Council  Regulation  (EEC) 

No  1930/90 (4), Council  Regulation  No  1755/84 on  the  implementation  in  relation  to  food  of 

alternative  operations  in  place  of  food-aid  deliveries,  (5) Council  Regulation  No  2507/88  on  the 

implementation  of  storage  programmes  and  early  warning  systems  (6), Council  Regulation 

No  2508/88  on the  implementation  of  cofinancing  operations  for  the  purchase  of  food 

products  or  seeds  by  international  bodies  or  non-governmental  organizations  (7) and  Council 

Regulation  No  1420/87 laying  down  procedures  for  the  implementation  of  Regulation  (EEC) 

No  3972/86  on  food-aid  policy  and  food-aid  management, (8) 

(3)  O J N o L 3 7 0,  30.12.1986. 
(4)  OJ No L  1 7 4,  7 . 7 . 1 9 9 0,  p.6. 
(5)  O J N o L 1 6 5,  23.  6.1984,  p.7. 
(6)  O J N o L 2 2 0,  1 1.  8.1988, p. 1. 
(7)  O J N o L 2 2 0,  1 1.  8.1988,  p.4. 
(8)  OJ NO  L 1 3 6,  2 6 . 5 . 1 9 8 7,  p. 1. 

"ETC 
6 

HAS  ADOPTED  THIS  REGULATION: 

CHAPTER  1 

Objectives  and general  guidelines  for 

food  aid and operations  in support  of 

food  security 

Article  1 

1. 

Under  its  policy  of  cooperation  with  developing  countries  and  in  order  to  respond 

appropriately  to  situations  of  food  insecurity  caused  by  serious  food  shortages  or  food 

crises  the  Community  shall  carry  out  food-aid  operations  and  operations  in  support  of 

food  security  in the  developing  countries. 

Food-aid  operations  of  a humanitarian  nature  shall  be  carried  out  in the  framework  of 

the  rules  on  humanitarian  aid  and  do  not  fall  within  the  scope  of  this  Regulation.  In  the 

event  of  a serious  crisis,  all the  instruments  of  the  Community's  aid  policy  shall  be 

implemented  in  close  coordination  for  the  benefit  of  the  population  concerned. 

2. 

Operations  under  this  Regulation  shall  be  appraised  after  analysis  of  the  desirability  and 

effectiveness  of  this  instrument  as  compared  with  other  means  of  intervention  available 

under  Community  aid  which  could  have  an  impact  on food  security  and food  aid,  and in 

coordination  with  these  means. 

The  Commission  shall ensure  that  operations  under this  Regulation  are  appraised  in 

close  coordination  with  intervention  by other  donors. 

1 

3. 

The  objectives  of  the  food-aid  operations  and  operations  in  support  of  food  security 

referred  to  in  paragraph  1 shall,  in  particular,  be: 

- 

to  promote  food  security  geared  to  alleviating  poverty  to  help  the  population  of 

developing  countries  and  regions; 

- 

to  raise  the  standard  of  nutrition  of  the  recipient  population  and  help  it  obtain  a 

balanced  diet; 

- 

to  improve  the  supply  of  drinking  water  to  the  population; 

- 

to  promote  the  availability  and  accessibility  of  foodstuffs  to  the  public; 

- 

to  contribute  towards  the  balanced  economic  and  social  development  of  the  recipient 

countries  in the  rural  and  urban  environment;  by  paying  special  attention  to  the 

respective  roles  of  women  and  men  in the  household  economy  and  in the  social 

structure;  the  ultimate  objective  of  Community  aid  operations  shall  be  to  make  the 

recipients  into  agents  of  their  own  development; 

- 

to  support  the  efforts  of  the  recipient  countries  to  improve  their  own  food  production 

at  regional,  national,  local  and  family  level; 

- 

reduce  their  dependence  on  food  aid; 

-  encourage  them  to  be  independent  in food,  either  by  increasing  production,  or  by 

enhancing  and  increasing  purchasing  power; 

- 

to  contribute  to  the  initiatives  to  combat  poverty  with  development  as  an  objective. 

8 

4. 

The  Community's  aid  shall  be  integrated  as thoroughly  as  possible  into  the  development 

policies,  particularly  those  on  agriculture  and  agri-foodstuffs,  and  the  food  strategies  of 

the  countries  concerned.  Community  aid  shall  back  up the  recipient  country's  policies 

on  poverty,  nutrition,  reproductive  health  care,  environmental  protection  and 

rehabilitation,  with  special  attention  to  the  continuity  of  programmes,  particularly  in a 

post-emergency  situation.  Whether  sold  or  distributed  free  of  charge,  aid  must  not  be 

liable  to  disrupt  the  local  market. 

TITLE  I  -  Food-aid  operations 

Article  2 

1. 

The  products  supplied,  along  with  any  other  operation  in the  framework  of  food  aid, 

must  reflect  as  closely  as  possible  the  dietary  habits  of  the  recipient  population  and  shall 

not  adversely  affect  the  recipient  country. 

When  products  are  selected,  consideration  shall  be  given  to  how  to  maximize  the 

quantity  of  food  with  a view  to  reaching  the  maximum  number  of  people, taking  into 

account  the  quality  of  products  in  order  to  ensure  adequate  levels  of  nutrition. 

9 

When  selecting  the  products  to  be  supplied  as  Community  aid  and  the  procedures  for 

the  mobilization  and  distribution  of  that  aid,  particular  account  shall  be  taken  of  the 

social  aspects  of  access  to  food  in  the  recipient  countries,  and  especially  o* the  nrcs? 

vulnerable  groups  and  the  roie  of  women  in the  household  economy. 

2. 

Food  aid  shall  primarily  be  allocated  on the  basis  of  an  objective  evaluation  of  the  real 

needs  justifying  such  aid,  as this  is the  only  way  to  improve  the  food  security  of  groups 

which  do  not  have  the  means  or  possibility  of  plugging  their  food  shortage  themselves. 

To  that  end,  consideration  shall  be  given  to  the  following  criteria,  without  exciudinq 

other  relevant  considerations: 

- 

food  shortages; 

-  the  food  situation  measured  using  human  development  and  nutritional  indicators; 

-  per  capita  income  and  the  existence  of  particularly  poor  population  groups; 

-  social  indicators  of  the  welfare  of  the  population  in question; 

-  the  recipient  country's  balance-of-payments situation; 

-  the  economic  and  social  impact  and financial  cost  of  the  proposed  operation; 

-  the  existence  in the  recipient  country  of  a long-term  policy  on food  security. 

10 

3. 

The  granting  of  food  aid  shall, where  necessary,  be  conditional  on the  implementation  of 

short-term,  multiannual  development  projects,  sectoral  operations  or  development 

programmes,  and  as  a priority  those  which  promote  sustainable  long-term  food 

production  and  food  security  in the  recipient  countries  within  the  framework  of  a  food 

policy  and  strategy.  Where  appropriate,  this  aid  may  take  the  form  of  a  direct 

contribution  to  the  implementation  of  such  projects,  operations  or  programmes.  Where 

Community  aid  is  intended  for  sale,  such  complementarity  must  be  ensured  by  the  use 

of  counterpart  funds  for  purposes  agreed  by  the  Community  and  the  recipient  country 

or,  where  appropriate,  the  body  or  non-governmental  organization  which  receives  the 

aid.  Where  aid  is  provided  as  backing  for  a development  programme  spread  over  a 

number  of  years,  it  may  be  supplied  on  a multiannual  basis  linked  to  the  programme  in 

question.  Besides  the  allocation  of  basic  foodstuffs,  aid  may  be  used  for  the  supply  of 

seed,  fertilizer,  tools,  other  inputs  and  commodities,  the  creation  of  reserves,  technical 

and  financial  assistance  and  awareness  and training  schemes. 

4. 

As  a  key  component  of  food-security  programmes  food  aid  may  be  given  to  support 

efforts  by  the  recipient  countries  to  create  buffer  stocks  paying  special  attention  to 

individual  farmers'  stocks  and  national  reserves,  in tandem  with  the  setting-up  of 

regional  reserves. 

IN 
11 

5. 

Counterpart  funds  shall  be managed  in  a manner  consistent  with  other  Community  aid 

instruments. 

In the  case  of  countries  undergoing  structural  adjustment,  and  in  line  with  the  relevant 

resolutions  of  the  Council, the  counterpart  funds  generated  by  the  various  development 

assistance  instruments  constitute  resources  which  must  be  managed  as  part  of  a  single 

and  consistent  budgetary  policy  in the  context  of  a programme  of  reforms.  In  this 

context,  the  Community  could  move  from  targeting  counterpart  funds  towards  more 

general  allocation,  as  soon  as  progress  has  been  made  in  improving  the  effectiveness  of 

the  monitoring  instruments,  programming  and  budget  implementation,  and  as  regards 

internalization  of  reviews  of  public  expenditure.  Without  prejudice  to  the  foregoing, 

these  funds  shall  be  managed  in  accordance  with  general  Community  aid  procedures  for 

such  funds  and  as  a priority  to  support  food-security  policies  and  programmes. 

TITLE  II  -  Operations  in support  of food  security 

Article  3 

Where  circumstances  warrant  it,  the  Community  may  carry  out  operations  in support  of  food 

security  in developing  countries  suffering  a food  shortage. 

Such  operations  may  be  implemented  by  the  recipient  countries,  by  the  Commission,  by 

international  or  regional  bodies  or  by  non-governmental  organizations. 

12 

The  purpose  of  these  operations  shall  be to  support,  using  the  resources  available,  the 

framing  and  execution  of  a food  strategy  or  other  measures  fostering  the  food  security  of  the 

population  concerned  and to  encourage  it  to  reduce  its  food  dependency  and  its  dependence 

on  food  aid, especially  in the  case  of  low-income  countries  with  serious  food  shortages.  The 

operations  must  help  to  improve  the  living  standards  of  the  poorest  people  in  the  countries 

concerned. 

Operations  in  support  of  food  security  shall  take  the  form  of  financial  and  technical 

assistance,  in  accordance  with  the  criteria  and  procedures  laid  down  in  this  Regulation.  Such 

operations  shall  be  planned  and  appraised  in the  light  of  their  consistency  w i t h,  and 

complementarity  to,  the  objectives  and  operations  financed  by  other  Community 

development-aid  instruments.  They  must  be  part  of  a multiannual  plan. 

Article  4 

A  developing  country  or  international,  regional  or  non-governmental  organization  eligible  for 

Community  food-aid  operations  under  this  Regulation  may  receive  part  or  all  of  the  food  aid 

that  has  been  -  or  may  be  -  allocated  to  it  in the  form  of  operations  in  support  of  food 

security,  with  particular  account  being  taken  of  trends  in  production,  consumption  and 

reserves  in that  country,  the  food  situation  of  its  inhabitants  and  the  food  aid  granted  by 

other  donors. 

EN 
13 

Article  5 

Operations  in  support  of  food  security  shall  take  the  form  of  technical  and  financial  assistance 

aimed,  in  accordance  with  the  objectives  laid  down  in  Article  1,  at  improving  sustainable  and 

long-term  food  security  by  helping  finance,  inter  alia: 

the  supply  of  seed, tools  and  inputs  essential  to  the  production  of  food  crops; 

rural  credit  support  schemes  targeted  in  particular  at  women; 

schemes  to  supply  the  population  with  drinking  water; 

storage  schemes  at the  appropriate  level; 

operations  concerning  the  marketing, transport,  distribution  or  processmg  of  agricultural 

and  food  products; 

measures  in  support  of  the  private  sector  for  commercial  development  at  national, 

regional  and  international  level; 

applied  research  and  field  training; 

projects  to  develop  the  production  of  food  crops  while  respecting the  environment; 

flanking,  awareness,  technical  assistance  and field training  operations,  in  particular  for 

women  and producers'  organizations; 

support  measures  for  women  and  producers'  organizations; 

projects  to  produce  fertilizer  from  raw  materials  and  basic  materials  found  in  the 

recipient  countries; 

schemes  to  support  local  food-aid  structures,  including  training  schemes  on the  ground. 

EN 
14 

TITLE  III  -  Early-warning  systems  and storage  programmes 

Article  6 

The  Community  may  support  existing  national  early-warning  systems  and  help  to  strengthen 

existing  international  early-warning  systems  concerning  the  food  situation  in  developing 

countries  and,  in  exceptional  and  duly  substantiated  cases,  it  may  operate  such  systems,  in 

accordance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  Article  27  of  this  Regulation.  It  may  also  cover 

the  cost  of  implementing  storage  programmes  in these  countries  in  support  of  food-aid 

operations  under  this  Regulation  or  comparable  measures  undertaken  by  the  Member  States, 

international  or  regional  bodies  or  non-governmental  organizations. 

Such  operations  should  be  consistent  with  other  Community  development  aid  instruments, 

including  the  use  of  counterpart  funds  generated  by  the  sale  of  food  aid, and  be  compatible 

with  Community  development  policy. 

These  operations  are  intended  to  strengthen  the  food  security  of  the  recipient  countries. 

They  must  help  improve  the  living  conditions  of  the  poorest  sections  of  the  population  in  the 

countries  concerned  and  conform  with  their  development  objectives,  in  particular  the  policy 

on food  crops. 

Community  participation  in  such  operations  shall  take  the  form  of  financial  and/or  technical 

assistance,  in  accordance  with  the  criteria  and  procedures  laid  down  in this  Regulation. 

15 

Operations supported by Community aid shall be appraised in the light of  and in a manner 

consistent with existing programmes managed by specialist international organizations. 

Article 7 

Community support for storage programmes and early-warning systems may be granted, upon 

request, to international or regional bodies or non-governmental organizations for operations 

to help developing countries eligible for food aid from the Community and its Member States. 

Article 8 

Community aid may help finance the following measures: 

early-warning systems and systems for gathering data on trends in harvests, stocks and 

markets, the food situation of households and the vulnerability of the population with a 

view to improving understanding of the food situation in the countries concerned; 

operations aimed at improving storage systems with a view to reducing waste or 

ensuring sufficient  storage capacity for emergencies.  Such operations may also include 

the establishment of the infrastructure, in particular  bagging, unloading, disinfection, 

treatment and storage facilities, needed to handle food products in these countries in 

support of food-aid operations or operations in support of food security; 

preparatory studies and training schemes in connection with the above activities. 

"EFÏ 
16 

CHAPTER  II 

Implementing  procedures  for  food  aid 

and storage  and early-warning  operations 

in support  of  food  security 

Article  9 

1. 

The  countries  and  bodies  eligible  for  Community  aid  for  operations  under  this  Regulation 

are  listed  in the  Annex. 

In this  connection,  priority  shall  be  given  to  the  poorest 

sections  of  the  population  and to  low-income  countries  with  serious  food  shortages. 

The  Commission  may  amend  that  list  of  countries  and  bodies  eligible  for  aid  after 

consulting  the  Committee  referred  to  in  Article  26  and  according  to  the  procedure  set 

out  in Article  27. 

2. 

Non-governmental  organizations  (NGOs)  eligible  for  direct  or  indirect  Community 

financing  for  the  implementation  of  operations  under  this  Regulation  must  meet  the 

following  criteria: 

IN 
17 

(a) 

if they are European NGOs they should be non-profit-making  autonomous 

organizations in a Member State of the European Community under the laws in 

force in that  Member State; 

(b) 

have their main headquarters in a Member State of the Community, the recipient 

countries or, exceptionally,  in the case of international NGOs, a third country. 

This headquarters must be the effective decision-making centre for all 

co-financed operations; 

(c) 

show that they can successfully carry out food-aid operations; in particular 

through: 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

their administrative and financial management capacity, 

their technical and logistical capacity to handle the proposed operation, 

the results of operations implemented by the relevant  NGOs carried out with 

Community finance or finance from the Member States, 

their experience in the field of food aid and food security, 

their presence in the recipient country and their  knowledge of that country or 

of developing countries; 

(d) 

undertake to comply with the conditions laid down by the Commission for the 

allocation of food aid. 

Article  10 

1. 

The Community may help finance operations in support of food security of the kind 

described in Titles I, II and III (Chapters I and II) executed by the recipient country, the 

Commission, international or regional bodies or non-governmental organizations. 

1R 
18 

2. 

Cofinancing  operations  may  be  carried  out  at  the  request  of  recipient  countries, 

international  or  regional  bodies  or  non-governmental  organizations,  where  such 

operations  seem  the  most  appropriate  way  of  enhancing  the  food  security  of  groups 

without  the  ways  and  means to  cope  with  a food  shortage  themselves. 

3. 

In the  design  of  the  Community  operations  defined  in Titles  I,  II  and  III,  particular 

attention  will  be  given  to: 

- 

the  pursuit  of  sustainable  impact  and  economic  viability  in  project  design; 

- 

the  clear  definition  and  monitoring  of  objectives  and  indicators  of  achievement. 

Article  11 

1. 

Products  shall  be  mobilized  on the  Community  market,  in the  recipient  country  or  in  one 

of  the  developing  countries  (listed  in the  Annex  to  this  Regulation)  if  possible  one 

belonging  to  the  same  geographical  region  as the  recipient  country. 

2. 

Exceptionally,  products  may  be  mobilized  on the  market  of  a country  other  than  those 

provided  for  in  paragraph  1 in  accordance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  Article  27  of 

this  Regulation: 

- 

if  the  requisite  type  or  quality  of  product  is  unavailable  on the  market  of  the 

Community  or  any  of  the  developing  countries; 

- 

if  there  is  a serious  food  shortage,  where  such  purchases  are  likely  to  increase  the 

effectiveness  of  the  operation. 

19 

3. 

Food  products  available  on the  European  market  may  be  mobilized  on  the  market  of  a 

developing  country,  if  the  economic  efficiency  of  doing  so  compares  favourably  with 

that  of  mobilizing  products  on the  European  market. 

4.  Where  food  is  purchased  or  sold  in the  recipient  country  or  in  a developing  country, 

steps  must  be  taken  to  ensure  that  such  purchases  threaten  neither  to  disrupt  the 

market  of  the  country  concerned  or  of  any  other  developing  countries  in the  same 

region  nor  to  affect  adversely  production  or  the  supply  of  food  to  their  inhabitants. 

Such  purchases  or  sales  shall  be  integrated  as thoroughly  as  possible  into  the 

implementation  of  Community  development  policy  towards  these  countries,  particularly 

with  regard  to  the  promotion  of  food  security  in the  country  concerned  or  at  regional 

level. 

Article  12 

Where  a recipient  country  has  partially  or  totally  liberalized  food  imports,  the  mobilization  of 

Community  aid  must  be  consistent  with  that  country's  policy  and  not  distort  the  market. 

In such  cases, the  Community  contribution  may  take  the  form  of  a foreign-currency  facility  to 

be  made  available  to  private-sector  operators  in the  country  concerned,  subject  to  the 

operation  being  part  of  a social  and  economic  policy  and  an  agricultural  policy  aimed  at 

alleviating  poverty  (including  the  strategy  on the  importation  of  basic  foodstuffs).  The 

recipients  shall  be  required  to  prove  that  they  have  made  proper  use  of  the  means  put  at  their 

disposal.  Priority  shall go  to  small  and  medium-sized  private  operators  in  order  to  ensure  that 

operations  are  complementary.  To  the  extent  that  its  powers  to  carry  out  operations  enable  it, 

the  Commission  may  adopt  positive  discrimination  measures  for  small  and  medium-sized 

private operators. 

Such  aid  shall  be  governed  by  the  principles  laid down  in Article  1 1. 

1R 
20 

Article  13 

1. 

The  Community  may  cover  costs  relating  to  the  transport  of  food  aid. 

2.  Where  the  Commission  considers  that  the  Community  should  cover  costs  relating  to  the 

inland  transport  of  food  aid, it  shall  take  account  of  the  following  general  criteria: 

-  a serious  food  shortage; 

- 

the  delivery  of  food  aid to  low-income  countries  suffering  from  serious  food 

shortages; 

-  whether  the  food  aid  is  destined  for  the  international  or  regional  bodies  or 

non-governmental  organizations  referred to  in  Article  10; 

- 

the  need  to  increase  the  efficiency  of  the  food-aid  operation  in  question. 

3.  Where  food  aid  is  sold  in the  recipient  country,  the  Community  should  cover  inland 

transport  costs  only  in  exceptional  circumstances. 

4. 

The  Community  may  also  cover  the  air  transport  costs  of  food-aid  operations  in 

exceptional  circumstances. 

Article  14 

The  Community  may  cover  final  distribution  costs  where  the  smooth  execution  of  the 

food-aid  operations  concerned  requires  it. 

21 

Article  15 

Community aid shall take the form of grants. 

Aid may cover the external and local costs of implementing operations, including maintenance 

and operating costs. 

Operations under this Regulation shall be exempt from taxes, duties and customs charges. 

Any counterpart funds shall be used in accordance with the objectives laid down in this 

Regulation and managed in agreement with the Commission. The competent authority of the 

recipient country shall keep accounts on the collection and use of the funds and shall be 

obliged to render accounts. 

Article  16 

The Community contribution may also cover flanking activities necessary to make the 

operations under this Regulation more efficient  and, in particular, supervision, monitoring and 

inspection, distribution and field training. 

Article  17 

Participation in invitations to tender and other procedures for the award of public contracts 

shall be open on equal terms to all natural and legal persons in the European Union and the 

recipient countries.  It may be extended by the Commission to operations under Article  11 (2) 

to include natural and legal persons in the countries where the aid is mobilized. 

22 

When  implementing  this  Regulation, the  Commission  shall  guarantee  the  openness  of  the 

operations  in question  by  publicizing  them  properly.  The  Commission  shall  ensure  that 

operations  by  intermediary  organizations  are  also  publicized  properly. 

Article  18 

The  Commission  may  authorize  a representative  to  conclude  cofinancing  agreements  in  its 

name. 

Article  19 

1. 

The  Commission  shall  lay  down  the  allocation,  mobilizing  and  implementation  conditions 

for  aid  under  this  Regulation. 

2. 

Aid  shall  not  be  implemented  unless  the  recipient  country,  international  or  regional 

organization  or  non-governmental  organization  complies  with  these  conditions. 

Article  20 

The  Commission  shall  take  all  measures  necessary  for  the  proper  implementation  of  food-aid 

programmes  and  operations,  and  operations  in  support  of  food  security. 

To  that  end, the  Member  States  and the  Commission  shall  afford  each  other  all  necessary 

assistance  and  exchange  all  relevant  information. 

TN 
23 

CHAPTER «I 

Procedure  for  implementing 

food-aid operations  and 

early-warning  and storage  operations 

in support of  food  security 

Article  21 

1. 

The  Council,  acting  by  a qualified  majority  on  a proposal  from  the  Commission  and  after 

consulting  the  European  Parliament,  shall  determine  the  Community  share  of  the  overall 

amount  of  cereals  aid  laid  down  in the  Food  Aid  Convention  as the  total  contribution  of 

both  the  Community  and  its  Member  States. 

2. 

The  Commission  shall  coordinate  the  operations  of  the  Community  and  the 

Member  States  as  regards  the  supply  of  cereals  aid  under  the  Food  Aid  Convention  and 

shall  ensure  that  the  total  contribution  by  the  Community  and  its  Member  States  is  at 

least  as  high  as the  quantities  provided  for  in that  Convention^9) 

(9) 

Statement  by  the  Council  and  the  Commission 
"The  Council  and  the  Commission  agree  that  the  amount  of  the  Community  contribution 
under  the  Food  Aid  Convention  should  be  determined  at  the  same  time  as the  amounts 
of  the  contributions  of  the  Member  States, jointly  by  the  Council  on  behalf  of  the 
Community  and  by  the  representatives  of  Member  States  meeting  within  the  Council  on 
teir  own  behalf.  To  this  end, the  porposal  to  be  submitted  by  the  Commission  to  the 
Council  will  be  accompanied  by  a draft  allocation  between  the  Member  States  of  the 
total  amount  incumbent  on  them." 

_ 

24 

Article  22 

The  Commission,  acting  in  accordance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  Article  27,  and  taking 

account  of  the  general  policy  guidelines  for  food  aid  shall: 

adopt  the  list  of  products  which  may  be  mobilized  as  aid; 

lay  down  rules  for  mobilization,  monitoring  and  evaluation; 

determine  each  recipient's  share,  in terms  of  the  quantity  and  cost  of  the  products; 

where  necessary,  adjust  allocations  during  the  implementation  of  programmes. 

Article  23 

Decisions: 

granting  food  aid  or  providing  for  an  operation  in  support  of  food  security  and  laying 

down  the  conditions  for  the  latter; 

granting  a contribution  to  international  or  regional  bodies  and  non-governmental 

organizations  for  the  financing  of  operations  in  support  of  food  security; 

IN 
25 

granting aid for a storage programme or early-warning system; 

shall be made by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 27, in 

compliance with the limits set in Article  25. 

Article  24 

1. 

In accordance with the Council decisions referred to in Article  21 and the decisions 

taken under Article 22, the Commission shall decide on: 

(a) 

emergency or serious food shortage operations, where famine or an imminent 

danger thereof  seriously threatens the lives or health of people in a country 

without the ways and means to cope itself  with a food shortage, after 

consulting the Member States by the most appropriate means and according 

them three working days in which to put forward any objections.  If there are 

any objections, the Committee shall examine the question at its next 
meeting;(10) 

(b) 

the conditions governing the supply and implementation of aid, in particular: 

..^  the general conditions applicable to recipients; 

(10)  Statement by the Council and the Commission 

"The procedures and the number of Member States for the purpose of taking into 
account any objections raised in the course of the written procedure will be laid down in 
the Committee's rules of procedure." 

- 

; 

' 

' 

' 

"* 

; 

' 

' 

• 

; 

; 

!

EN 
26 

 
- 

initiation  of  the  procedures  governing  mobilization,  supply  of  products  and 

implementation  of  other  measures,  and  conclusion  of  the  relevant  contracts. 

2. 

For  the  purposes  of  paragraph  1 (a), the  Commission  shall  be  entitled  to  take  all 

necessary  measures  to  speed  up  the  supply  of  food  aid. 

The  volume  of  aid  granted  in  a given  case  shall  be  limited  to  the  quantities  needed  by 

the  population  affected  to  cope  with  the  situation  for  a period  not  normally  exceeding 

six  months. 

The  Commission  shall  ensure  that  priority  is  given  at  all  stages  to  the  mobilization  of 

food  aid  for  the  operations  provided  for  in  paragraph  1 (a)  and  (b). 

Article  25 

Decisions  regarding  operations  the  financing  for  which  under  this  Regulation  exceeds 

ECU  2  million  shall  be taken  in  accordance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  Article  27. 

Article  26 

1. 

The  Commission  shall  be  assisted  by  a  Food  Aid  Committee,  hereinafter  referred  to  as 

"the  Committee",  composed  of  the  representatives  of  the  Member  States  and  chaired 

by  a representative  of  the  Commission. 

TN 
27 

2. 

The  Committee  must  examine  the  long-term  implications  of  any  proposal  to  commit 

funds  for  food  security  at  household,  local,  national  and  regional  level  in the  recipient 

countries,  bearing  in  mind  the  principles  laid  down  in  Article  1 of  this  Regulation.  It 

shall  also  analyse  and  monitor  food-security  policies  which  are  in  receipt  of  Community 

aid  and  examine  proposals  for  joint  initiatives. 

3. 

The  Committee  shall  draw  up  its  own  rules  of  procedure. 

Article  27 

Th& representative  of  the  Commission  shall  submit  to  the  Committee  a draft  of  the  measures 

to  be taken.  The  Committee  shall  deliver  its  opinion  on the  draft  within  a time  limit  which  the 

Chairman  may  lay  down  according  to  the  urgency  of  the  matter  in question.  The  opinion  shall 

be  delivered  by  the  majority  laid  down  in Article  148(2)  of  the  Treaty  in the  case  of  decisions 

which  the  Council  is  required  to  adopt  on  a proposal  from  the  Commission.  The  votes  of  the 

representatives  of  the  Member  States  within  the  Committee  shall  be  weighted  in the  manner 

set  out  in that  Article.  The  Chairman  shall  not  vote. 

The  Commission  shall  adopt  measures  which  apply  immediately.  However,  if  these  measures 

are  not  in  accordance  with  the  opinion  of  the  Committee, they  shall  be  communicated  by  the 

Commission  to  the  Council  forthwith.  In that  event,  the  Commission  shall  defer  application  of 

the  measures  which  it  has  adopted  for  a period  of  t wo  months  from  the  date  of  such 

communication. 

The Council,  acting  by  a qualified  majority,  may  take  a different  decision  within  the  time  limit 

referred to  in the  previous  paragraph. 

28 

Article  28 

1. 

In  order  to  guarantee  the  principle  of  complementarity  referred  to  in the  Treaty  and 

enhance  the  effectiveness  and  consistency  of  the  Community  and  national  food-aid 

provisions  and  operations  in  support  of  food  security,  the  Commission  shall  seek  to 

ensure  that  its  own  activities  are  as  closely  coordinated  as  possible  with  those  of  the 

Member  States  and  with  other  EU policies,  both  at  decision-making  level  and  on  the 

ground,  and  may  take  any  appropriate  initiative  in  pursuit  of  this  end. 

To  that  end,  Member  States  shall  notify  the  Commission  of  their  national  food-aid 

operations  and  of  their  food  security  programmes.  The  Commission,  acting  in 

accordance  with  the  procedure  laid  down  in  Article  27,  shall  stipulate  how  notification 

of  national  operations  is to  be  effected. 

2. 

The  Commission  shall  ensure  that  operations  implemented  by  the  Community  are 

coordinated  with  those  of  international  organizations  and  bodies,  in  particular  those 

which  form  part  of  the  United  Nations  system. 

3. 

The  Commission  shall  seek  to  develop  collaboration  and  cooperation  between  the 

Community  and  third-country  donors  in the  field  of  food  security. 

4. 

Coordination  and  cooperation  between  the  Community  and  the  Member  States,  and 

between  the  latter  and  international  organizations  and  third-country  donors  shall  be  the 

subject  of  a regular  exchange  of  information  within  the  Article  27  Committee. 

29 

Article  29 

The  Committee  may  examine  any  other  matter  concerning food  aid and other  operations 

under  this  Regulation raised  by  its  Chairman, either  on the  fetter's  own  initiative  or  at  the 

request  of  a representative  of  a  Member  State. 

The  Commission shall  inform  the  Committee, within  one  month  of  taking  its  decision,  of  the 

food-aid or  foo#-security  operations  and projects  it  has  approved, indicating  their  amount  and 

nature, the  recipient  country  and the  partner  entrusted  with  implementation. 

The  Commission shall notify  the  Committee  of  the  general guidelines  for  products  mobilized 

as  Community food  aid. 

Article  30 

The  Commission shall undertake  regular  evaluations  of  significant  food-aid  operations  to 

establish  whether  the  objectives  laid down  in the  appraisal of  those  operations  have  been 

achieved  and to  provide  guidelines  for  improving the  effectiveness  of  future  operations. 

It 

shall  inform  the Committee periodically  on  the evaluation  programmes. 

Member  States  and the  Commission shall  notify  each  other  as soon  as possible  of  the  results 

of  evaluation  work  and of  analyses or  studies  that  would improve  aid efficiency.  The  work 

will  be  analysed  in the  Committee.  Member  States  and the  Commission shall endeavour  to 

carry  out joint  evaluation  exercées. 

30 

The  Commission  shall  draw  up  procedures  for  the  dissemination  and  internal  and  external 

communication  of  the  conclusions  of  evaluation  exercises  to  the  departments  and 

organizations  concerned. 

Article  31 

At  the  close  of  each  financial  year,  the  Commission  shall  submit  an  annual  report  on  the 

implementation  of  this  Regulation  to  the  European  Parliament  and  the  Council.  The  report 

shall  set  out  the  results  of  execution  of  the  budget  as  regards  commitments  and  payments 

and  projects  and  programmes  financed  during  the  year.  As  far  as  possible, the  report  shall 

contain  information  on  the  funds  committed  nationally  during  the  same  financial  year.  As  far 

as  possible,  it  shall  contain  the  most  important  statistical  data  (by  recipient  country, 

nationality,  etc.)  on  contracts  awarded  for  the  implementation  of  projects  and  programmes. 

The  report  shall  also  contain  a breakdown  of  expenditure  assigned  to  each  type  of  operation 

as  provided  for  in  Articles  2,  5  and  8  of  this  Regulation. 

Lastly,  the  report  shall  contain  information  on  operations  undertaken  with  the  counterpart 

funds  generated  by  food  aid. 

"EN 
31 

Article  32 

Regulation (EEC) No 3972/86, as last amended by Regulation (EEC) No  1930/90, and 

Regulations (EEC) No 1755/84, No 2507/88, No 2508/88 and  1420/87 shall be repealed. 

As a transitional measure and until the new mobilization Regulation is adopted by the 

Commission, Commission Regulation No 2200/87 of 8 July  1987 shall continue to apply. 

Three years after the entry into force of this Regulation, the Commission shall submit to the 

Council and to the European Parliament an overall evaluation of the operations financed by 

the Community under this Regulation, accompanied by suggestions for the future of the 

Regulation and, if necessary by proposals for amendments to the Regulation. 

Article  33 

This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following that of its publication in the 

Official Journal of the European Communities. 

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. 

Done at Brussels, 

For the Council 

TR 
32 

1.  COUNTRIES 

LLDCs 

(Least-developed countries) 

Other  LICs 

(Other  low-income countries. 
Per capita GNP  <  $675  in  1992) 

(Lower  middle-income  countries.  Per  capita  GNP 
$676-  $ 2695  in  1992) 

LMICs 

ANNEX 

China 
Egypt 
Eritrea 
Ghana 
Guyana 
Honduras 
India 
Indonesia 
Kenya 
Nicaragua 
Nigeria 
Pakistan 
Sri  Lanka 
Tajikistan 
Timor 
Vietnam 
Zimbabwe 

Afghanistan 
Bangladesh 
Benin 
Bhutan 
Botswana 
Burkina  Faso 
Burundi 
Cambodia 
Cape  Verde 
Central  African  Republic 
Chad 
Comoros 
Djibouti 
Equatorial  Guinea 
Ethiopia 
Gambia 
Guinea  Bissau 
Guinea 
Haiti 
Kiribati 
Laos 
Lesotho 
Liberia 
Madagascar 
Malawi 
Maldives 
Mali 
Mauritania 
Mozambique 
Myanmar 
Nepal 
Niger 
Rwanda 
Sâo  Tome  and  Principe 
Sierra  Leone 
Solomon  Islands 
Somalia 
Sudan 
Tanzania 
Togo 
Tuvalu 
Uganda 
Vanuatu 
Western  Samoa 
Yemen 
Zaire 
Zambia 

Peru 
Philippines 
Senegal 
South  Africa 
St  Helena 
St  Vincent  &  the 
Grenadines 
States  of  former 
Yugoslavia 

Swaziland 
Syria 
Thailand 
Tokelau 
Tonga 
Tunisia 
Turkey 
Turkmenistan 
Turks  and  Caicos  Islands 
Uzbekistan 
Wallis  and  Futuna 

Albania 
Algeria 
Angola 
Anguilla 
Armenia 
Azerbaijan 
Belize 
Bolivia 
Cameroon 
Chile 
Colombia 
Congo 
Costa  Rica 
Côte  d'Ivoire 
Cuba 
Dominica 
Dominican  Republic 
Ecuador 
El  Salvador 
Fiji 
Georgia 
Grenada 
Guatemala 
Iran 
Iraq 
Jamaica 
Jordan 
Kazakhstan 
Korea  (Dem.  Rep.) 
Kyrgyzstan 
Lebanon 
Macao 
Marshall  Islands 
Micronesia,  Federated 
States 
Moldova 
Mongolia 
Morocco 
Namibia 
Niue 
Occupied  Territories  (Gaza 

&  the  West  Bank) 

Panama 
Papua  New  Guinea 
Paraguay 

(ANNEX) 

IN 
33 

2. 

BODIES 

WFP 
ICRC 
IFRC 
UNHCR 
UNRWA 

FAO 
UNICEF 

3. 

NON-GOVERNMENTAL  ORGANIZATIONS 

European NGOs, NGOs of  the recipient  country  or, exceptionally,  international  NGOs 
specializing  in development. 

(ANNEX) 

ood/BS/je 

TR 
34 

ISSN 0254-1475 

COM(96) 250  final 

DOCUMENTS 

EN 

11 

Catalogue number  : CB-CO-96-263-EN-C 

ISBN 92-78-05180-2 

Office  for Official  Publications of the European Communities 

L-2985 Luxembourg 

sC