Proposal for a EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION establishing a Community action programme in the field of cultural heritage
Date: 1995-03-29
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU programme, action programme, cooperation policy, cultural heritage, heritage protection, principle of subsidiarity

COMMISSION  OF THE EUROPEAN  COMMUNITIES 

Brussels, 29.03.1995 
COM(95)  110  final 

95/ 0078 (COD) 

EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ACTION IN 

SUPPORT OF CULTURE 

COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO 
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE 
COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 

Proposal for  a 

EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL  DECISION 
establishing a Community action programme  in the field 
of cultural heritage 

RAPHAEL 

(presented by the  Commission) 

PROPOSAL FOR A PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL DECISION 
ESTABLISHING A  COMMUNITY  ACTION  PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL  HERITAGE 
THE RAPHAEL  PROGRAMME 

Ae^ 

EXPLANATORY  MEMORANDUM 

ANNEX; Consultations organized with a view to the presentation of a Community 
action programme in the field  of cultural heritage 

PROPOSAL  FOR  A  PARLIAMENT  AND  COUNCIL  DECISION 
ESTABLISHING  A  COMMUNITY  ACTION  PROGRAMME  IN  THE 
FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - THE RAPHAEL  PROGRAMME 

ANNEX: Description of the Raphael Programme 

FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 

/Il 

EXPLANATORY  MEMORANDUM 

This  proposal  is  to  be  seen  within  the  general  context  of  the  communication 
entitled  European  Community action  in  support  of  culture,1 adopted  by  the 
Commission on 27 July  1994 in response to the inclusion of an article on culture 
in the  EC Treaty2. The movable and non-movable cultural  heritage having been 
recognized  as  one  of  the  priority  fields  of  action  in  the  Community's  cultural 
policy, this proposal  seeks to establish  a specific  action  programme in this area. 

The action programme should give a new impetus to Community activities in the 
field of  heritage, redirecting  and  expanding  the activities  already  developed  and 
providing  a  coherent  approach  to  Community  actions  and  policies  relating  to 
cultural  heritage. 

The  specific  operations  proposed  under  the  action  programme  satisfy  several 
objectives  set  out  in  the  Treaty.  Given  that  heritage  both  expresses  different 
identities  and testifies  to  exchanges between  cultures, Community  action  in  this 
field  can  make  a  special  contribution  to  the  creation  of  "an  ever  closer  union 
among  the  peoples  of  Europe"3  and  to  "the  flowering  of  the  cultures  of  the 
Member  States, while respecting their national  and regional  diversity  and  at the 
same time bringing the common cultural  heritage to the  fore".4 

Europe's cultural  heritage has evolved  over time, through  exchanges and  mutual 
influences, and displays certain common characteristics that transcend national or 
regional differences.  This interplay of diversity and constancy perfectly  illustrates 
the regional, national and European roots of Europe's citizens. Community action 
in  the  field  of  cultural  heritage  can  thus  help  to  forge  a  European  citizenship, 
based  on  a  better  understanding  of  both  national  culture  and  the  culture  of  the 
other Union  states. 

The proposed action programme aims to encourage cooperation between Member 
States and support and supplement their action.5 However, although the needs of 
the  heritage  sector  are  considerable  in terms  of  expertise,  human  resources  and 
funding,  the  resources  available  are  necessarily  limited  and  choices  have  to  be 
made.  A  Community  programme  will  serve to  pool  expertise  so  that  informed 
choices  can  be  made, to  avoid  duplication  and  waste  at the  same  as  promoting 
standards while  securing economies of scale. 

COM(94) 356  final. 
Article 128 of the EC Treaty, as amended by the Treaty on European Union. 
Treaty on European Union, Article A. 
Article 128(1), EC Treaty. 
Article 128(2) EC Treaty, as amended by the Treaty on European Union. 

1 

/<L 

The problems of preserving and managing the cultural heritage transcend national 
boundaries:  the  Member  States  face  similar  problems,  some  of  which  are  so 
complicated  and  on  such  a  large  scale  -  such  as  paper  conservation  -  that 
individual  countries  cannot tackle them  alone.  In  such  cases joint  action  offers 
"added value" and may be more effective  than the sum  of the  actions taken by 
each Member State individually. 

In addition to its intrinsic value, the preservation of the cultural heritage generates 
various types of activity with important social and economic repercussions, which 
connect with other objectives laid down in the Treaty.  This sector, for example, 
needs a large and often highly skilled workforce at the level of both planning and 
management  (architects,  archivists, art historians,  conservationists)  and practical 
implementation  (conservationists  and  restorers,  craftsmen,  museum  staff).  This 
workforce,  which  is  often  based  in  small  businesses,  draws  on both  traditional 
skills and the latest research and techniques. 

Promoting cooperation between training and/or research establishments is therefore 
a key element in the Community's action on heritage and the proposed operations 
will have to take account of the accumulated body of Community programmes on 
training and education, research and technological development. Cultural heritage 
can also contribute significantly  to the research/growth/employment  dynamic, in 
that  it  is  a  sector  where  the  results  of  research  could  be  exploited  more 
effectively,  for  example  by  developing  practical  applications  for  the use  of the 
professionals  in the field. 

The heritage  sector is also a source of new jobs,6 thanks to the combined  effect 
of  the  growing  interest  in  heritage  in  all  its  forms  and  increased  amounts  of 
leisure. New jobs  stem from both an increase in activity in the sector itself (e.g. 
restoration projects, the reorganization of museums and their collections, cultural 
events to promote heritage, exhibitions, creation of new services for the public in 
museums,  etc.)  and  activities  stimulated  by  the  presence  and  promotion  of the 
heritage,  such as the growth of tourism. 

Heritage  projects  are therefore  increasingly  integrated  in  regional  development 
policies,  particularly  in  schemes  to  encourage  urban  renewal  and  combat 
depopulation.  Preserving  heritage  is obviously  also linked  to land-use planning, 
environmental  and energy policies. 

Finally, cultural heritage is a priority area for the development of applications and 
standards of  advanced  information  and communication  technology  and services 
and was identified  as an important area of  action in the communication  entitled 
Europe's  way  to  the  information  society:  an  action  plan,7  following  the 
Bangemann Group's report.8 

White Paper Growth, Competitiveness, Employment, p. 19, p. 104-105. 
COM(94) 347  final. 
Europe and the global information society: Recommendations to the European Council. 

The  likely  benefits  of  such  work  will  not  be  solely  in  terms  of  growth, 
competitiveness  or  employment;  provided  the  cultural  dimension  is  taken  into 
account, professionals working in the heritage sector and the general  public  will 
benefit  from  a  whole  range  of  new  and  sophisticated  cultural  products  and 
services. 

The  Community  has  already  engaged  in  a  number  of  activities  in  the  cultural 
heritage  field  in  pursuit  of  its  various  self-appointed  tasks.  These  fall  into  three 
categories:  activities  with  an  essentially  cultural  purpose,  activities  in  pursuit  of 
other  objectives  laid down  in  the  Treaty,  but  with  a  direct  bearing  on  heritage, 
and,  finally,  activities serving other purposes, but with a direct or indirect impact 
on  conservation  m  the Member  States,  such  as  agricultural  policy,  wfeicfe feas asn 
importa»* impact  on  the  preservation  of  the  archaeological  heritage  and  historic 

Mindful  of  the  need  to  achieve  a  consensus  bécasse  of  the  dedsion-making 
procedures  provided  for  in  Article  128  and  washing  to  conduct  in-depth 
consultations,  prior  to  drawing  up  this  proposal  for  a  Parliament  and  Council 
Decision the Commission organized a series of aveetings on the movable and non-
movable  heritage  before  drafting  this  coawftutBcation,  consulting  the  authorities 
in the Member  States,  the  professionals  aad Q&ers involved  in  the  field.  At  the 
same  time,  a  group  of  experts  convened  in  response  to  a  Council  resolution9 
considered  the  specific  subject  of  archive*.  The  liât  of  consultative  meetings  is 
appended  (p.  6-7). 

This  proposal  draws  on the  experience  of  the  actio»  undertaken  to  date  «ad «he 
results  of  the  consultation*.  Its  frame  of  reference  is  the  Conmtueity's  culturel 
policy10 and it takes into account the relevant resolutions and conclusions adopted 
by  Parliament"  and jbe Council.12 

KilVlifrirf,  «ni  > 

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.nnHknf  -nn^M  - ^Jnan^^^sannw  ^f  "tiM^^L^^^—^  n^Mé^uAnnnev  .^MnteJh^^n  .enVA  j f i M - ^ ^ ^ aj 

^ ^M 

Sal 

M 

*2 

Cnfcmtl est*»**, A 3 ^ m,  DJ He C 42, 15.2.1993, f  173-1»! 
PtrteweM lesetaaea ea {Nesemag the aictetectwai heritage ma protecting oafcani asssfc, A3-
0036793, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
Paittaneat resolutioa on Cowwinity policy  ia tte fidd ef çnltnie, A3-03867S3, OJ No C 44, 
14.2.1994, p. 184-lSg. 
Conclusions of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council 
of 12 November 1992 on guidelines for Community cultural action, OJ No C 336,19.12.1992, p. 
1-2. 
Council conclusions of  17 June 1994 on drawing up a Community Action Plan in the field of 
cultural heritage, OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 1. 
Council conclusions of  17 lane  1994 concerning greater cooperation in the field of archives, 
OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p.  3. 
Conclusions of the Council of 10 November 1994 on the Commission communication concerning 
European (immunity action in support of culture, OJ No C 348, 9.12.1994, p. 1-2. 

COMMUNITY  ACTION  PROGRAMME IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE - THE RAPHAEL PROGRAMME 

I. Development  and promotion  of 
the cultural heritage  in Europe 

To encourage the development  and 
pooling of optimal practices and to 
create an environment conducive to 
the preservation  of the cultural 
heritage 

1. Support for projects to preserve 
the movable or non-movable 
heritage that qualify  as  "European 
heritage  laboratories" 

2. Support for  "European heritage 
sites" on common themes related to 
the preservation  of the movable or 
non-movable  heritage 

3. Support for the development of 
better practices  and European 
standards for  managing and 
protecting cultural heritage 

4. Promoting the acquisition and 
joint management of major works of 
art 

5. Development  of projects  and 
studies with  a cultural focus, to 
complement other Community 
activities 

II. Networks and  partnerships 

III. Access to heritage 

To help enhance transnational 
cooperation, exchanges and pooling 
of experience and the presentation of 
the European dimension of heritage. 

1. Support for the creation of 
networks of "European heritage 
sites" by specific theme 

2.  Development and dissemination of 
information tools for use by 
networks of professionals working 
on cultural heritage, e.g. comparative 
studies of practices and systems in 
Member States, compiling European 
cultural statistics and indicators, 
practical guides, manuals, 
directories, listings of innovatory 
projects, information on Community 
activities relating to cultural heritage 

3.  Support for transnational 
cooperation projects between 
museums and/or monuments aimed 
at highlighting the European 
dimension of heritage 

4.  Support for cooperation projects 
between training and/or research 
institutes, e.g.  inventories, evaluation 
methods, shared analysis, 
scholarships, exchanges, 
dissemination of information, etc. 

To promote projects to raise 
awareness with a European 
dimension and to encourage the use 
of advanced information and 
communication technologies and 
services 

1. Inclusion of steps to raise public 
awareness in all projects receiving 
Community support under the 
Raphael Programme 

2. Support for events to raise public 
awareness at European level, e.g. 
European Heritage Days, events to 
mark Europe Day (9 May), Mies van 
der Rohe European Architecture 
Prize, Europan 

3.  Support for multilingual 
presentations  in museums, 
monuments, sites 

4. Support for applications of 
advanced information and 
communication technologies and 
services giving professionals  and the 
public access to heritage, e.g. pilot 
projects, studies or seminars on a 
particular problem for the heritage 
sector 

IV. Innovation, further  training and 
professional  mobility 

V. Cooperation  with third countries 
and  international  organizations 

To promote the exchange of 
experience and encourage mobility 
and further training for professionals 
working on cultural heritage 

To develop projects  with third 
| 
countries and create synergies with  1 
1 
activities undertaken by other 
E 
international  organizations, in 
| 
particular the Council of Europe 

1. Support for identifying  subjects 
for research, the dissemination of 
results and the development of 
practical applications for use by 
professionals 

1. Support for projects to preserve 
the movable and non-movable 
heritage, particularly monuments 
and sites on the  World  Heritage 
List 

| 
| 
| 
fi 

2. Support for organizing 
conferences and colloquia with a 
European dimension 

3. Cooperation projects aimed at 
setting up exchange programmes for 
professionals in the heritage field 

4.  Support for basic and advanced 
training for professionals in the 
heritage field on using advanced 
information and communication 
technologies and services 

2. Participation  in projects  related to 
networks and partnerships  or 
creation  of complementary  projects, 
e.g. extending comparative  studies 
to other countries 

3.  Participation  in projects to make 
the heritage more accessible to the 
public, e.g. European Heritage Days 

4. Encouragement for  professionals 
in the heritage field  to participate in 
research, training and  professional 
mobility 

Community  action m the field  of  cultural  heritage  should  satisfy  the  following 
objectives: 

help to develop and promote cultural heritage; 
encourage  cooperation  and  the  pooling  of  knowledge,  expertise  and 
practice in the field  of heritage preservation at European level; 
improve public access to heritage and the supply of information  on it for 
the  public  at large  so  as to  contribute to  the  affirmation  of  a European 
citizenship through greater knowledge of heritage; 
support  for  enriching  mutual  understanding  and  practices  and  realize 
Europe's potential; 
foster  cooperation  with  non-member  countries  and  other  international 
organizations, in particular the Council  of Europe. 

In  the  light  of  this,  the  Commission  intends  to  establish  a  Community  action 
programme  in  the  field  of  cultural  heritage,  to  be  known  as  the  Raphael 
Programme, which will  focus on the following  five activities: 

Development and promotion of cultural heritage; 
Networks and partnerships; 

I. 
H. 
HI.  Access to heritage; 
IV. 
V. 

Innovation, further training and professional  mobility; 
Cooperation with non-member countries and international  organizations. 

The programme has a strategic approach which should be served by the various 
measures  to  be  implemented  step-by-step.  The  Commission  believes  that  its 
coherent approach will  enable the Raphael Programme to make a more  effective 
contribution to developing and promoting the cultural  heritage and to achieve a 
greater impact on the flowering  of cultures in Europe. The programme will  also 
allow the Community to view its actions from a specifically cultural point of view 
and,  where  necessary,  to  enhance  the  cultural  dimension  in  other  Community 
measures, in accordance with Article  128(4) of the Treaty. 

To conclude, the Commission proposes: 

to submit this proposal for a Parliament and Council  Decision under the 
new procedure provided for in Article  128 of the Treaty. 

ANNEX 

CONSULTATIONS  ORGANIZED WITH A  VIEW 
TO THE PRESENTATION  OF A  COMMUNITY ACTION  PROGRAMME 
IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL  HERITAGE 

General  consultations  on movable  and non-movable  heritage 

On  1 and 2 July  1993 the Commission and the European Parliament  organized a 
first  meeting in Venice with the Directors of movable and non-movable  heritage 
in the Member  States. The theme was  "key  elements for  the conservation  of the 
cultural heritage in the European Community". The aim was to identify  areas for 
Community  action  in  the  heritage  field  and  agree  the  themes  for  the  first  four 
expert meetings. 

Four expert meetings were organized  in conjunction  with the Belgian  and  Greek 
Presidencies.  They  dealt with the following  themes: 

"Heritage and management: heritage, economy and employment, heritage, 
tourism and the environment",  Mons, 27-30  October 1993 
"Heritage,  research and  new  technologies",  Brussels,  17-19  November 
1993 
"Heritage and training", Antwerp,  1-3  December  1993 
"Information  and  increasing awareness of and support for  the heritage 
among the public  and professionals",n Athens 23-25 February  1994 

Two  further  expert  meetings  were  organized  by  the  Greek  Presidency  with  the 
Commission's  support  and  reflecting  the  Presidency's  priorities  in  the  field  of 
cultural  heritage: 

"Heritage and the environment",  Athens, 26-29 March  1994 
"The underwater heritage",  Athens, 7-9 April  1994 

Participation in these consultations was limited to experts chosen by the Member 
States,  representatives  of  the  European  Parliament,  the  Council  of  Europe, 
intergovernmental  and  non-governmental  organizations  and 
the  various 
departments  of the Commission  most closely  concerned. 

13 

This  meeting  was a  follow-up  to  an  earlier  expert  meeting  on  "Museums  and their public", 
organized in Glasgow on 25-29 November 1992 in conjunction with the British Presidency. 

The  results  of  the  expert  meetings  were  presented  at the  second  meeting  of  the 
Member  States' Directors  of  movable  and  non-movable  heritage,  held  in  Lisbon 
on  27-29  April  1994  on  the  theme  "Europe  and  its  heritage".  This  was  an 
opportunity  to draw up a preliminary  assessment  of  progress to  date,  based  on a 
working  document  presented  by  the  Commission,  and  to  suggest  themes  to  be 
explored  for  drawing up the  future  action  programme. 

Specific  consultations on  archives 

In  1991  the  Council  passed  a  resolution  calling  on  the  Commission  to  set  up  a 
group of  experts designated by the Member States "for the purpose of  examining 
to  what  extent  greater  coordination  of  archives  policy  and  practice  within  the 
Community  is desirable".14 The group of  experts, which  included  representatives 
of  the  archives  of  the Community  institutions,  the European University  Institute 
in  Florence  and the  various  Commission  departments  involved,  met  in  Brussels 
on  31  March,  17  June  and  24  September  1992  and  on  9  March,  23  April  and 
22  October  1993. Their work forms the subject of a report containing  suggestions 
for  Community  action  in this particular  field.15 

The  conference 

The  information  collected  at  the  earlier  meetings  was  presented  to  a  larger 
audience at a conference  on  "European citizens  and  their  heritage",  organized  in 
conjunction  with the European Parliament  in Brussels  on  4  and  5  October  1994. 
The  aim  was  to  supplement  the  technical  findings  with  a  dialogue  between  the 
interested  parties,  such  as 
landlords'  associations,  voluntary  groups  and 
foundations,  all  of  which  help  to  bring  people  closer  to  their  heritage.  The 
conference  also  provided  an  opportunity  to  meet  representatives  from  the  new 
Member  States  and non-member  countries. 

14 

15 

Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on arrangements concerning archives. 
Archives in the European Union. Report of the group of experts on the problems of coordination 
in relation to archives, SEC(94)900, 21 March 1994. 

PROPOSAL FOR A  PARLIAMENT AND COUNCIL  DECISION 

ESTABLISHING  A COMMUNITY ACTION  PROGRAMME 

IN THE FIELD  OF CULTURAL  HERITAGE 

THE RAPHAEL  PROGRAMME 

THE EUROPE AN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 

Having  regard  to  the  Treaty  establishing  the  European  Community,  and  in  particular 

Article  128 thereof, 

Having regard to the proposal  from  the  Commission,1 

Having regard to the Opinion  of the Committee of the Regions,2 

Acting in  accordance with the procedure  provided for  in Article  189b of the Treaty, 

Whereas  Title IX  of  the  Treaty  is  devoted  specifically  to  Culture  and  states  that  the 

Community  shall contribute to the flowering  of the cultures of the Member  States, while 

respecting their national and regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common 

cultural  heritage to the  fore; 

1 

OJ 
OJ 

Whereas Article 128 of the Treaty identities' cultural heritage as a specific field of action 

and that cultural heritage is the expression of national and regional identities and the links 

between peoples; whereas it must be preserved and the public's  access to  it improved 

(including for those who face particular problems of access) in order to contribute to 

greater mutual understanding and respect; 

Whereas Community action can contribute to better preservation of the cultural heritage 

by promoting  the exchange  of  experiences  and expertise  and encouraging  operational 

synergies and partnership; 

, 

Whereas, because of its socioeconomic dimension, the preservation of the cultural heritage 

is an element in a design for society and can contribute significantly  to job creation and 

regional development and to improving the quality of lifeand the day-to-day environment 

of ordinary people; 

Whereas  the  culture  is  an  important  area  for  action  in  the  context  of  the  information 

society,  as  highlighted  in  the  Commission  communication  entitled  Europe's  way  to  the 

information  society:  an  action  plan3; 

Whereas  Community  action in research,  technological  development  and  demonstration  is 

undertaken  in  accordance  with  the  technological  research  and  development  Framework-

Programme4,  which  could  be  of  benefit  to  this  programme; 

Whereas the Commission  has gained  experience through  the activities undertaken  to  date 

in  the  field  of  architectural  heritage; 

Whereas the European  Parliament  attaches importance to Community  action  in favour  of 

heritage, and in particular to training, research, raising the awareness of young people and 

adolescents, cooperation  with non-member  countries and the Council  of Europe  and  links 

with  other  Community  policies,  particularly  as 

regards 

training  and 

regional 

development;5 

Whereas  the  European  Parliament  has  passed  resolutions  on  the  contribution  of  the 

Community  to  work  on  restoring  outstanding  examples  of  the  architectural  heritage;6 

COM(94) 347  final 
Parliament and Council Decision 1110/94/EEC of 26 April 1994 concerning the fourth framework 
programme  of the  European  Community  activities  in the field of  research and  technological 
development and demonstration (1994 to 1998). 
European  Parliament  resolution  on  protecting  the  European  cultural  heritage,  OJ No C 62, 
30.5.1974, p. 5-7. 
European Parliament resolution on the protection of the architectural and archaeological heritage, 
OJ No C 267, 11.10.1982, p. 25-29. 
European  Parliament  resolution  on  the  conservation  of  the  Community's  architectural  and 
archaeological heritage, OJ No C 309, 5.12.1988, p. 423-427. 
European Parliament resolution on preserving the architectural heritage and protecting cultural 
assets, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
European  Parliament  resolution  on  economic  aid  to  Mount  Athos  (monastery  region), 
OJ No C 144, 15.6.1981, p. 92. 
European Parliament resolution on aid for the reconstruction of the Chiado district of Lisbon, 
OJ No C 262, 10.10.1988, p. 110. 
European  Parliament  resolution  on  the  conservation  of  the  Community's  architectural  and 
archaeological heritage, OJ No C 309, 5.12.1988, p. 423-427. 
European Parliament resolution on the fire at the Gran Teatro del Liceo (Barcelona), OJ No C 61, 
28.02.  1994, p. 184. 

10 

Whereas  the  Council  has  expressed  an  interest  in  closer  cooperation  in  the  areas  of 

architectural  heritage,  works  of  art,  artefacts  and archives,  in  particular  as regards the 

exchange of knowledge, documentation and training and in view of the important role of 
networks of cultural  organizations in cultural  cooperation in Europe;7 

Whereas  in  its  communication  "New  prospects  for  Community  cultural  action"8  the 

Commission  states that Community  action  should be extended  to the movable heritage 

and  steps  taken  to  promote  dialogue  and  cooperation  between  those  involved  and 

encourage  the  dissemination  of  experiences  and  specialized  information;  whereas  the 
European Parliament and Council  have encouraged this approach;9 

Whereas  the  European  institutions  have  stressed  the  importance  of  integrating  the 
different  aspects  of  cultural  heritage  in  a  coherent  Community  action10  which  takes 

account  of  the richness and  diversity  of  the  movable  and  non-movable  heritage  and 

supports the work of the numerous parties involved; 

Whereas Community action should take account of the changing nature of the definition 

of heritage and include all types of heritage by encouraging multidisciplinary approaches; 

Resolution of the Ministers responsible for  Cultural Affairs  meeting within the Council of 13 
November 1986 on the protection of Europe's architectural heritage, OJ No C 320,13.12.1986, p. 
1. 
Resolution of the Ministers with responsibility for Cultural Affairs meeting within the Council of 
13 November 1986 on the conservation of works of art and artefacts, OJ No C 320, 13.12.1986, 
P- 3. 
Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on arrangements concerning archives, OJ No C 314, 5.12.1991, p. 2. 
Council conclusions of  17 June  1994 concerning greater cooperation in the field  of archives, 
OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 3. 
Resolution of the Council and the Ministers of Culture meeting within the Council of 14 November 
1991 on European cultural networks, OJ No C 314, 5.12.1991, p. 1. 
COM(92) 149  final. 
European Parliament resolution on the Commission communication entitled 'New prospects for 
Community cultural action', OJ No C 42, 15.2.1993, p. 173-181, 
European  Parliament  resolution  on  Community  policy  in  the  field  of  culture,  OJ No C 44, 
14.2.1994, p. 184-188. 
Conclusions  of  the  Council  and  Ministers  of  Culture  meeting  within  the  Council  of 
12 November  1992 on guidelines for Community cultural action, OJ No C 336,19.12.1992, p. 1-2. 
European Parliament resolution on preserving the architectural heritage and protecting cultural 
assets, OJ No C 72, 15.3.1993, p. 160-166. 
Council conclusions of  17 June  1994 on drawing up a Community  Action Plan in the field of 
cultural heritage, OJ No C 235, 23.8.1994, p. 1. 

10 

11 

Whereas  the  Commission  has  organized  consultations  with  all  interested  parties, 

particularly the departments in the Member States, the professionals,  non-governmental 

organizations,  foundations  and  associations,  with  a  view  to  preparing  an  action 

programme in the field of cultural heritage; 

Whereas  there are numerous links between the cultural heritage in Europe and other non-

Community countries; whereas, therefore, this area is ideally suited to developing forms 

of cooperation with non-member countries and the competent international organizations, 

in accordance with the requirements of the Treaty and the conclusions of the resolutions 

cited above; 

Whereas the conclusions of the Copenhagen European Council  of 21-23 June  1993 call 

for  Community  programmes  to be  opened  up to the  countries  of  Central  and Eastern 

Europe  that  are  party  to  association  agreements;  whereas  the  Community  has  signed 

cooperation  agreements that include a section on culture with certain third countries; 

Whereas the present decision establishes, for the total duration of the programme and in 

the  spirit  of  point  1  of  the  declaration  by  the  Parliament,  the  Council  and  the 

Commission,  a  budgetary  envelope  which  constitutes  a  privileged  reference  for  the 

budgetary authority in the framework  of the annual budgetary procedure; 

Whereas the implementation  of the present programme relies on close cooperation with 

the  national  authorities,  with  a view  to  ensuring  that  Community  action  supports  ans 

supplements  activités  at  national  level  in  confirming  respect  for  the  principle  of 

subsidiary,  as it is defined  by article 3b of the Treaty. 

Whereas that,  in the  execution  of  its  taks, the  Commission  is  assisted  by  an advisory 

committee consisting of representatives of the Member States. 

12 

HAVE DECIDED AS FOLLOWS: 

Article 1 

A Community  action  programme in the field  of cultural  heritage, to be known as the 

Raphael  Programme,  is  hereby  established,  with  the  aim  of  encouraging  and 

supplementing  action  taken  by  the  Member  States.  The  Programme  shall  run  from 

1 January  1996 to 31 December 2000. 

Article 2 

The specific objectives of the Raphael Programme shall be to: 

contribute to the development and promotion of cultural heritage; 

encourage cooperation  and the European-level  pooling of knowledge, expertise 

and practices in matters of heritage preservation; 

improve access to heritage and the supply of information  on it for the public at 

large  so as to  contribute to the  affirmation  of  a  European  citizenship through 

greater knowledge of heritage; 

support the stepping-up of research and common practices in the heritage field in 

order to realize Europe's potential; 

foster  cooperation  with  non-member  countries  and  competent  international 

organizations, in particular the Council of Europe. 

13 

Article 3 

The Raphael Programme shall cover the movable and non-movable cultural heritage and 

consist of five types of action: 

I. 

H. 

Development and promotion of cultural heritage; 

Networks and partnerships; 

HI.  Access, to heritage; 

IV. 

Innovation, further training and professional mobility; 

V. 

Cooperation with third countries and international organizations. 

The total  appropriation  for  implementation of the  entire programme  shall  be  ECU  70 

million for the period 1996 - 2000. 

The budgetary authority  shall  determine the appropriations available  for  each  financial 

year taking into account the principles of sound management referred to  in article 2  of 

the Financial Regulation applicable to the general budget of the European Communities. 

The measures described in the Annex shall be applied to achieve the objectives laid down 

in  Article  2,  on the  basis  of  the priorities as they  are defined  each year and they  are 

implemented in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 6. 

The programme shall run for 5 years. It starts on 1 January  1996. 

Article  4 

In order  to  achieve the stated  objectives,  projects undertaken in the framework  of  the 

Raphael Programme must: 

have a European dimension and offer genuine added value with respect to action 

taken in the Member States; 

help to promote cultural heritage; 

14 

contribute  to  the  development  of  better  practices  and  greater  knowledge  and 

expertise in matters of conservation; 

•  •l' <. :' 

be of relevance at Community level because of their exemplary or innovative and 

informative  nature,  or  have  a  multiplier  effect  in  cultural;'  educational  or 

socioeconomic terms. ' 

Article 5:--v. 

, 

•.  • 

The Commission shall be assisted by an Advisory Committee, provided for in Article 4 

of the European Parliament and Council Decision establishing a programme to support 

artistic  and  cultural  activities  having  European  dimension  (Kaleidoscope  2000 

Programme), consiting of one representative from each Member State and presided by a 

•». 

representative of the Commission. 

The  Committee  may  consider  any  matter  relating  to  the  implementation  of  the 

programme. The Commission may consult the committee on general guidelines and on 

any other matter not provided in article 6. 

Article 6 

The  representative  of  the  Commission  shall  submit  to  the  committee  a  draft  of  the 

measures to be taken and. specifically  the annual plan of work for Actions II,  112, III3, 

ÏÏI4,  V. The Committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft, within a time limit which 

the chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter, if necessary by taking 

a vote. 

The opinion shall be recorded in the minutes; in addition, each Member State shall have 

the right to ask to have its position recorded in the minutes. 

The Commission shall take the utmost account of the opinion delivered by the Committee. 

It shall  inform  the  Committee of the  manner in which its opinion has been taken into 

account. 

15 

Article 7 

The  Commission  shall  ensure  that  the  Raphael  Programme  is  compatible  with  and 

complements o&er Community programmes and policies on cultural heritage. 

Article 8 

Three years after commencement of the Raphael Programme or by 30  September 1999, 

whichever  shall be the  earlier,  the Commission  shall  present a report to the European 

Parliament, the Council and the Committee of the Regions evaluating the results achieved, 

together with appropriate proposals, where necessary, for adapting the programme in line 

with requirements arising in the course of implementation. 

After  the  end  of  the  Raphael  Programme  but  no  later  than  30  September  2001,  the 

Commission, shall present a report on the implementation and results of the programme 

to the European Parliament, the Council  and the Committee of the Regions. 

Article 9 

This Decision shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication in the 

Official  Journal of the European Communities. 

Done at Brussels, 

For the European Parliament, 

The President 

For the Council, 

The President 

16 

ANNEX 

COMMUNITY  ACTION  PROGRAMME 

IN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL  HERITAGE 

THE RAPHAEL  PROGRAMME 

The aim of the Raphael Programme is to support actions at European level in all heritage 

disciplines : non-movable heritage, archaeological heritage, underwater heritage, movable 

heritage, museums and collections, archives, etc. 

Action  I - Development  and  promotion  of cultural  heritage 

The  aim  of  this  action  is  to  contribute  to  the  development  and  promotion  of 

cultural  heritage  and  to  encourage  the  development  and  pooling  of  better 

conservation practices, by creating an environment conducive to the preservation 

of cultural  heritage. 

The action  involves the following  measures: 

1. 

Support for projects to preserve the movable or non-movable heritage that 

qualify  as  "European  heritage  laboratories"  by  virtue  of  the  interest  or 

exemplary  value  of  their  content.  The  conservation  work  must  relate  to 

works,  monuments or  sites of  exceptional  historic importance  which  are 

special  landmarks  in  Europe.  The  projects  will  be  spread  over  several 

years and will  seek to recruit the most highly-skilled  staff,  by appointing 

a  multidisciplinary  European 

team 

to  study  particularly  difficult 

conservation  problems  and  develop  appropriate  approaches,  methods 

and/or  techniques.  Particular  attention  will  be  paid  to  sharing  the 

experience gained  in the course of this work. 

17 

2. 

Support  for  "European  heritage  sites"  concerned  with common  themes 

related to the preservation  of the movable and/or non-movable  heritage. 

The projects must have exemplary value and a multiplier effect  They may 

be  spread  over  several  consecutive  years.  The  experience  gained  with 

regard to me management and/or conservation problem in question will be 

widely  disseminated  among  the  professionals.  Themes  will  be  selected 

according to the concerns of the various heritage disciplines.. 

3. 

Support 

for 

the  development  of  European 

standards  and/or 

recommendations with a view to improving good heritage conservation and 

management practice and, where appropriate, encouraging exchanges. The 

aim is to develop standards and/or recommendations at European level on, 

for example, documenting cultural goods, the conditions for loans of works 

of  art  for  exhibitions,  the  passive  conservation  of  works  of  art,  fire 

protection for works of art, monuments, etc. Community support could be 

used for  surveys,  seminars, studies, etc.  organized in the  context  of  this 

work. 

4. 

Support on an experimental basis for joint management of major works of 

art by several European partners, in order to keep these works in Europe 

and present them to the public. 

5. 

Development of projects and studies with a cultural focus to complement 

other Community activities. Financial  support could be given to projects 

that back up or complement Community action already taken pursuant to 

other Treaty provisions and are of particular interest to the heritage sector, 

to  round  tables  and  comparative  studies  aimed  at  collecting  factual 

information  on  the  situation  in  the  Member  States,  and  to  impact 

assessments  carried  out  as  part  of  the  preparation  for  new  Community 

measures. 

18 

Action H - Networks and partnerships 

The  aim  of  this  action  is  to  encourage  the  development  of  networks  and 

parmerships to enhance transnational cooperation and contribute to exchanges, the 

pooling  of  experiences  and  the  presentation  of  the  European  dimension  of 

heritage. 

The action involves the following measures: 

1. 

Support  for  the  creation  of  networks  of  "European  heritage  sites". The 

networks will  be  organized  by  theme  and  will,  where  necessary,  bring 

public and private institutions, research centres and private companies with 

a  special  interest  in  heritage  into  contact  with  those  responsible  for 

managing the sites. The aim of the networks is to encourage the exchange 

of experience between project managers themselves and between them and 

other interested parties. Community support could, for  example, be used 

to set up networks, organize seminars on the problems encountered on site 

and the work planned,  and to disseminate the results to other interested 

parties. 

2. 

Collection  and  dissemination  of  specialized  information  aimed  at  the 

heritage  sector,  using  appropriate  information  channels  or  relays 

(competent authorities, professional  and non-governmental organizations, 

associations,  etc.) and  suitable media (paper,  CD-ROM, CD-I, on-line). 

The  information  will  relate  to  the  drafting  of  comparative  studies  of 

practices  and  systems  in  the  Member  States mat  might  be  of common 

interest,  European  cultural  statistics  and  indicators,  practical  guides, 

manuals,  directories  and  listings of  innovative projects  and Community 

activities of relevance to the cultural heritage. 

19 

3. 

Support  for  transnational  cooperation  projects  between  museums  and/or 

monuments  using  multimedia  or  other  forms  of  communication  to 

highlight  the  European  dimension  of  heritage  and  to  show  visitors  to 

museums,  monuments  or  sites  examples  of  other  related  works, 

monuments or sites in other European countries. 

4. 

Support for cooperation proj ects between training institutes and/or research 

centres involved in heritage work. The measure is intended to develop the 

necessary  instruments  for  setting  up  networks  and/or  parmerships, 

strengthening cooperation between them and pooling their experience. The 

financial  aid awarded under these cooperation projects could be used for: 

drawing up inventories, by discipline, of further training courses; 

developing  methods  for  evaluating  training  courses  and carrying 

out joint analysis; 

conducting comparative studies on diplomas and qualifications  in 

the field of cultural heritage and access to the heritage professions 

in the Member States; 

setting up networks and keeping their members informed; 

grants and exchanges for teachers,  students and/or researchers; 

disseminating  information  about  ongoing  or completed  research, 

particularly to people working in the heritage field; 

information  on and/or access to new technologies and their use in 

the field of cultural  heritage, etc. 

Synergies with other Community  programmes, in particular in the fields 

of education and training, research and technological  development should 

be clearly indicated. 

20 

Action HI - Access to heritage 

The aim of this action is to improve public access to the common heritage by 

encouraging projects to raise awareness that have a European dimension and by 

promoting the use of advanced information and communication technologies and 

services. 

The action involves the following measures: 

1. 

Inclusion  of  steps  to  raise  public  awareness  in  all  projects  receiving 

Community support under the Raphael Programme. Project sponsors will 

be  asked  to  present  ongoing  or  completed  work  to  the  public.  The 

Commission will pursue the initiatives already developed in this field, such 

as the travelling  exhibition  and  the  audiovisual  material  to  be  devoted 

particularly to the European heritage laboratories and sites. 

2. 

Support for events to raise public awareness at European level, such as the 

European Heritage Days, events to mark Europe Day (9 May), the Mies 

van der Rohe European Architecture Prize, Europan, etc. 

3. 

Support for multilingual presentations in museums, monuments and sites 

aimed  at  nationals  of  other  Member  States.  Projects  might  relate  to 

presentational  material,  brochures,  exhibition  panels,  electronic  guide 

systems, audiovisual or multimedia products, etc. 

4. 

Support  for  applications  of  advanced  information  and  communication 

technology and services giving professionals and the general public greater 

access to heritage. Projects must be of interest at European level and serve 

as models. 

Community support could be used for studies or seminars on a particular 

problem  relating  to  the  use  of  such  technologies  and  services  in  the 

heritage sector or for pilot projects for studying and introducing practical 

applications. 

21 

Action  IV - Innovation, further  training  and  professional  mobility 

The aim  of this action is to encourage the exchange of experiences  and  promote 

cooperation,  professional  mobility  and  training  for  professionals  in  the  heritage 

field. 

The action  involves the following  measures: 

1. 

Support for  identifying  requirements for  heritage research  at  Community 

level,  for  the  dissemination  of  the  results  of  research  to  professionals  in 

the heritage field and the development of practical applications for use by 

professionals  working  in  the  field.  The  measures  will  be  conducted  in 

conjunction  with  the  framework  programme  on  research,  technological 

development and demonstration; any research measures will be carried out 

as  part  of  the  research  and  technological  development  framework 

programme in accordance with the provisions governing that programme. 

2. 

Support for the organization  of conferences and colloquia or other similar 

training  activities with  a European  character. 

3. 

Support for projects setting a European professional  exchange programme 

for the various heritage disciplines and enabling people who already  have 

solid professional  experience to work for  several months in an equivalent 

professional  setting  in  another  European  country.  Community  support 

would cover organizing exchanges and the additional  costs incurred,  such 

as travel  and  accommodation. 

4. 

Support for basic and further  training for professionals in the heritage field 

on  the  use  of  advanced  information  and  communication  technology  and 

services. 

22 

Action  V - Cooperation with third  countries  and  international  organizations 

The  aim  of  this  action  is  to  develop  projects  with  third  countries  and  create 

synergies  with  activities  undertaken  by  other  international  organizations,  in 

particular the Council  of Europe. 

The action would involve the following measures: 

1. 

Support for  projects to preserve the movable  and non-movable heritage, 

relating in particular to monuments and sites on the World Heritage List; 

2. 

Participation  in  projects related to the  networks  and partnerships or the 

extension  of  certain  projects,  such  as  comparative  studies,  to  non-

Community countries; 

3. 

Participation in projects to make the heritage more accessible to the public, 

such as European Heritage Days; 

4. 

Encouragement  for  professionals  in  the  heritage  field  to  participate  in 

activities to promote research, further training and professional  mobility. 

Community  support  for  cultural  cooperation  projects  with  third  countries  is 

organized  in  a  similar  way  to  that  for  projects  relating  to  countries  in  the 

European Union, on the basis of the agreements in force. Efforts will be made to 

achieve synergies with the competent international organizations, particularly the 

Council  of Europe, while  respecting the identity  and freedom  of  action of each 

institution and organization. 

23 

EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 

RAPHAEL - 5 YEARS 

TITLE  OF  OPERATION 

A  Community  action programme  in the  field  of  cultural  heritage  - the  Raphael 
Programme 

BUDGET  HEADING  INVOLVED 

B3-2000 Protection and development of the European cultural heritage 

LEGAL  BASIS 

Article  128 of the Treaty 
Parliament  and  Council  Decision  of 
programme in the field of cultural heritage - the Raphael Programme 

establishing  a  Community  action 

4. 

DESCRIPTION  OF  OPERATION 

4.1.  General  objective 

The purpose of European Union action in support of culture is to contribute to the 
creation  of  "an  ever  closer  union  among  the  peoples  of  Europe"1  and  to  "the 
flowering of the cultures of the Member States, while respecting their national and 
regional diversity and at the same time bringing the common cultural heritage to 
the  fore".2 

In  this  way  cultural  action  is intended  to  highlight  the  common  heritage  of  the 
peoples of Europe and illustrate our dual cultural identity  as being both national 
and European. 

1  Treaty on European Union, Article A. 
2  Article  128(1), EC Treaty. 

2A 

Heritage has a particularly important place in this context, since it is the product 
of the historical development of the culture of the peoples of Europe, whether at 
European, national, regional or local level. It displays extraordinary diversity and 
a remarkable wealth, reflecting the multiplicity of our identities and also bearing 
witness to the growing network of intellectual  and artistic exchanges. 

Cultural  heritage  is  the  interface  between  our  differences  and our  similarities, 
finding  expression in movable and non-movable forms. 

Cultural  action  on  heritage  is  principally  intended  to  support  and  supplement 
action by Member States in the areas of: 

information  supply  on  movable  and  non-movable  heritage  at  European 
level; 
preservation and protection of common European cultural heritage; 
implementing  cooperation  with  non-member  countries  and  other 
international organizations working in this field. 

Action will  focus on the following five areas: 

Development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe; 
Networks and partnerships; 

I. 
II. 
III.  Access to heritage; 
IV. 
V. 

Innovation, new technologies, further training and professional  mobility; 
Cooperation with non-member countries and international organizations. 

4.1.1  Development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe 

The aim is to  foster the development  of conservation techniques in the form  of 
concrete  projects in  all heritage disciplines,  such as movable  and non-movable 
heritage, archaeology, museums and collections, archives and underwater heritage. 

Conservation techniques covers the full range of activities including, for example, 
identification,  recording,  presentation,  display,  conservation,  restoration; 
documentation and management. 

Particular attention will be given to distributing information on thé results of the 
projects, which will be grouped into five categories: 

Work on heritage classified as "major" or "exceptional" so as to set up "European 
heritage  laboratories" to form multidisciplinary  international  teams of European 
experts to study conservation problems and techniques for special landmarks that 
are of exemplary value in Europe or worldwide. These cooperation arrangements 
and  the  experience  and  results  gained  from  them  may  then  be  used  for  more 
ordinary smaller-scale operations. 

Support for European heritage  sites with common themes operating  at regional, 
local  or  national  level  to  promote  interchange  of  experience  so  that  all  those 

2.r 

working  in  a  given  field  may  benefit  from  the  common  results  by  setting  up 
"European heritage sites" for the purpose of experimentation and demonstration. 

Development  of  European  standards  on  conservation  practice  as  operated  by 
international professional organizations, for example the documentation of cultural 
goods, loans of works of art and conservation. 

Promotion on an experimental  basis of the acquisition and ioint management  of 
maior  works  of  art by  several  European  partners  so  as  to  keep  the  works  in 
Europe and make them accessible to the public throughout Europe. 

Projects  and  studies  with  a  cultural  focus  to  complement  other  Community 
activities. 

4.1.2  Networks and partnerships 

The  aim  is  to  step  up  cross-border  cooperation,  promote  exchanges,  pool 
experience and present the European dimension of heritage. The main activities 
fall  under four headings: 

Support  for  networking  of  European  heritage  sites  to  encourage  sites 
working on a similar theme to link up and form a network. 

Development and dissemination of information tools for use by networks 
of professionals to encourage production of guides, handbooks, directories 
and lists of Community activities on cultural heritage for people working 
in the various fields involved and networks. Maximum encouragement will 
be  giving  to  dissemination  using  modern  media  such  as  CD ROM, 
electronic data transmission links and the like. 

Support for  cross-border cooperation projects between museums to  help 
highlight the European dimension of cultural heritage through cooperation 
between several museums or implementation of projects involving different 
monuments. 

Support for cooperation projects between institutes involving in particular 
projects on research, inventories, evaluation methods, grants and the like 
jointly run by several training or research institutes. 

i& 

4.1.3  Access to heritage 

The  aim  is  to  raise  public  awareness  of  the  common  European  heritage  and 
encourage projects of exemplary value. This will involve the following four areas 
of activity: 

; 

- 

Inclusion  of  steps to  raise public  awareness  in  projects financed bv the 
Community  presenting  work  in  progress  to  the  public  by  organizing 
travelling exhibitions and developing  audiovisual products. 

Support for  events to raise public  awareness at European level,  such as 
organizing  the  European  Heritage  Days,  organizing  and  supporting  the 
Mies  van  der  Rohe  Architecture  Prize,  organizing  events  on  European 
heritage on Europe Day (9 May) and supporting exemplary projects. 

Support for multilingual presentations, encouraging museums, monuments 
and sites in the Member States to display presentational material in various 
languages  to  make  information  on  European  cultural  heritage  more 
accessible for people from other countries. 

Support for projects on providing  greater public  and professional  access 
to  heritage  through  use  of  modern  information  and  communication 
technologies, for example by linking up databases, developing multimedia 
projects, studies and seminars on issues relating to this field. 

4.1.4  Innovation, further training and professional mobility 

The  protection  of  Europe's  cultural  heritage  depends  to  a  large  extent  on  the 
existence of a sufficient number of high-calibre professionals qualified in the vast 
range  of  complex  and varied  disciplines  which  need to  be  brought together  in 
order to see projects through to the end. 

In  this  context  and  in  close  cooperation  with  activities  operated  by  other 
Commission  departments,  such  as  DG XII  and  the  Task  Force  on  Human 
Resources,  so  as  to  ensure  that  the  measures  complement  existing  and  future 
programmes, the aim is to encourage exchanges, cooperation, mobility and further 
training for professionals in the heritage field under the following three headings: 

Support for identifying  research problems and disseminating results so as 
to  help  define  areas  and  subjects  requiring  Community-level  research, 
promote the dissemination of the results obtained throughout the profession 
and foster the development of concrete applications. 

e> 

Encouragement  for  organizing  conferences,  colloquia  and  seminars  with 
a European or worldwide character bringing together European experts to 
exchange experiences and innovations in various subject  areas. 

Support  for  setting  up  a  professional  exchange  programme  enabling 
specialists to work for several months in an equivalent professional  setting 
in another Member State. 

4.1.5.  Cooperation with non-member  countries and international  organizations 

The  aim  is  to  develop  projects  with  non-member  countries,  in  particular  by 
extending  the  programme  to  the  countries  of  central  and  eastern Europe  which 
have  signed cooperation  agreements with the European  Union,  and to  cooperate 
on certain projects with certain countries in Latin America and the Commonwealth 
of Independent  States. 

Cooperation  with  international  organizations  will  involve  seeking  synergy 
arrangements,  in particular  with  UNESCO  and  Council  of  Europe  activities,  as 
well  as developing  complementary  activities and partnerships. 

The Commission hopes to foster regular consultations with these organizations on 
subjects  and  activities  of common  interest  and possibly  also join  in  setting up a 
cooperation project  between UNESCO, the Council of Europe and the  European 
Union  on monuments and  sites on the World Heritage  List. 

Four main areas of action are planned: 

Support for preservation projects involving both movable and non-movable 
heritage  and,  in  particular  monuments  and  sites  on  the  World  Heritage 
List. 

Participation  in projects relating to networks and partnerships. 

Participation  in projects  to make heritage more accessible to the public. 

Participation  in  activities  to  promote  innovation,  further  training  and 
professional  mobility. 

4.2. 

Period  covered  and  arrangements  for  renewal  or  extension 

Five years  (1996-2000) 
Possibility  of renewal  following  evaluation 
In the event of renewal, a new Council Decision would be  required. 

U 

5. 

C L A S S I F I C A T I ON  OF  E X P E N D I T U RE  OR  R E V E N UE 

5.1.  Non-compulsory expenditure 

5.2.  Differentiated  appropriations 

6. 

TYPE OF EXPENDITURE OR REVENUE 

The  planned  financial  support  will  cover  only  a  portion  of  the  cost  of  the 
measures up to a maximum of 50%. 

The only cases where funding may go above 50% or even cover  100% are: 

research work and projects carried out by third parties where requested directly 
by the Commission; 
organization of meetings and conferences held on the Commission's initiative; 
grants to young researchers and professionals in training or as part of exchange 
measures. 

7. 

FINANCIAL IMPACT 

7.1.  Method  of calculating total cost of opération (definition  of unit costs) 

7.1.1.  Development and promotion of cultural heritage 

1.1.  European  heritage  laboratories: financial  support  for  "Memorable sites" 
projects.  Over  the  five  years  a  total  budget  of  ECU  10.4 million  is 
planned. 

1.2. 

Support for European heritage sites working on common themes relating 
to the preservation of movable and/or non-movable heritage. Over the five 
years 200 to 250 sites are to be supported. 

10.000.000 Ecus 

19.200.000 Ecus 

1.3. 

Support  for  the  development  of  European  standards  to  improve  good 
practice and, where appropriate, encourage exchanges: support for carrying 
out studies on standards and/or recommendations on documenting cultural 
goods,  loan  terms  for  exhibitions,  passive  conservation  of  works of art 
and,  possibly,  protection  against  fire  for  art  objects,  works  of  art and 
monuments. The planned budget for the five years is: 

it 

1.000.000  Ecus 

1.4. 

Support on an experimental basis for the acquisition and joint management 
of  major  works of  art  by  several European partners  in order to  keep  the 
works in Europe and present them to the public. The planned  budget  for 
the five  years is: 

1.5.  Development of projects  and studies with a cultural focus to  complement 
other  Community  activities:  (in  particular  DGs VI,  VIII,  XI,  XII,  XIII, 
XVI, XXII, XXIII): 

1.400.000  Ecus 

Sub-total Action I: 

33.700.000  Ecus 

2.100.000  Ecus 

7.1.2.  Networks and  partnerships 

2.1. 

Support  for  the  creation  of  networks  of  European  heritage  sites:  setting  up 
networks  and  organizing  seminars  on  problems  encountered  in  disseminating 
know-how within the profession.  The planned budget  for  the five years is: 

1.500.000  Ecus 

2.2.  Collection  and  dissemination  of  specialized  information  aimed  at  the  heritage 
sector using appropriate information  channels or relays and suitable media (such 
as paper,  CD-I,  CD-ROM and  on-line): drawing  up of thirty  or  so  comparative 
studies over the five years on practices and systems in the Member States that are 
of common  interest, European  statistics and cultural  indicators, practical  guides, 
manuals,  directories  and  collections  of  innovative  projects  and  information  on 
Community activities relating to cultural heritage. The planned budget for the five 
years is: 

2.3. 

Support for,  at the most,  15 to 20 transnational cooperation projects over the five 
years between  museums  and/or  monuments using  multimedia  or  other  forms  of 
communication.  The planned  budget for  the five years is: 

1.500.000  Ecus 

2.4. 

Support for cooperation projects between institutes (on training and research, etc.) 
with  a total  budget  over the five years  of: 

2.800.000  Ecus 

> 

Sub-total Action II: 

7.1.3.  Access to heritage 

3.100.000 Ecus 

8.900.000 Ecus 

3.1.  Presentation  of  projects  receiving  Community  support  (travelling  exhibitions, 

audiovisual products) with a total budget over the five years of: 

3.400.000 Ecus 

3.2.  Support  for  events  to  raise  public  awareness  (the  European  Heritage  Days, 

European heritage camps, etc.) for an overall amount over the five years of: 

3.3.  Support for  multilingual presentations in forty  or so museums, monuments and 

sites over the five years with a total budget of: 

3.600.000 Ecus 

1.700.000 Ecus 

3.4.  Support for applications of advanced information and communication technology 
and services giving professionals and the general public greater access to heritage: 
support for setting up from 25 to 35 pilot projects over the five years to research 
and implement concrete.applications for museums and/or archaeological sites. The 
amount deemed necessary for the five years is: 

Sub-total Action III: 

3.400.000 Ecus 

12.100.000 Ecus 

7.1.4.  Innovation, further  training and professional mobility 

4.1. 

Support  for  identifying  problems  (dissemination  of  research  findings  to 
professionals, etc.) and for disseminating methods using new technologies and for 
identifying  the best ways of supporting development of about a dozen concrete 
applications for use by professionals in the field. The total budget required for the 
five  years is put at: 

4.2.  Support for the organization of conferences and colloquia or other further training 
activities with a European character, the total amount required for the five years 
is put at: 

1.100.000 Ecus 

y 

4.3. 

Support for projects relating to European programmes of professional  exchanges 
in different  heritage disciplines with a total  amount over the five years  of: 

2300.000  Ecus 

Sob-total  Action IV: 

3.200.000  Ecus 

6.600.000  Ecus 

7.1.5.  Cooperation with non-member  countries and international  organizations 

7.1.5.1 

Support  for  projects  to  preserve  movable  and  non-movable  heritage, 
relating  in particular  to monuments  and sites on the World Heritage  List 
with a total amount  over the five years  of: 

7.1.5.2. 

in  projects  related  to  networks  and  partnerships  or 
Participation 
implementation  of  complementary  projects,  with  a  budget  over  the  five 
years  of: 

3.100.000  Ecus 

7.1.5.3. 

Participation  in  projects  to  make  heritage  more  accessible to  the  public 
with a total amount  over five years  of: 

900.000 Ecus 

7.1.5.4. 

Participation by heritage professionals in activities to promote innovation, 
further  training and professional mobility with a total budget over the five 
years of: 

800.000 Ecus 

Sub-total  Action  V: 

900.000  Ecus 

5.700.000  Ecus 

7.2. 

Itemized  breakdown  of cost 

The table below shows the breakdown for  headings 7.1.1  to 7.1.5. 

*^ 

Breakdown 

Budget 
1996 

1997 

1998 

1999 

2000 

TOTAL 

7.1.1  Development  and 
promotion of  heritage 

7.1.2 Networks and 
partnerships 

7.1.3  Access to 
heritage 

7.1.4  Innovation,  new 
technologies  and 
mobility 

7.1.5  cooperation with 
non-member  countries 
and  international 
organizations 

5.4 

1.2 

2.0 

0.8 

6.0 

1.2 

2.0 

1.0 

6.6 

1.8 

2.4 

1.2 

7.1 

2.1 

2.8 

1.6 

8.6 

2.6 

2.9 

2.0 

33.7 

8.9 

12.1 

6.6 

0.6 

0.8 

1.0 

1.4 

1.9 

5.7 

TOTAL 

10 

11 

13 

15 

18 

67 

7.3. 

Indicative schedule of appropriations 

7.3.1.  Schedule for proposed new operation 

1996 

1997 

1998 

1999 

2000 

TOTAL 

10 

11 

13 

15 

18 

Commitment 
appropriations 

Payment 
appropriations  1996 

Payment 
appropriations  1997 

Payment 
appropriations  1998 

Payment 
appropriations  1999 

Payment 
appropriations  2000 

I  Payment 
i  appropriations 2001 

8 

2 

-

-

-

-

|  TOTAL 

10 

-

9 

2 

-

-

."-

» 

-

-  • 

10 

3 

-

-

-

-

-

12 

3 

-

13 

15 

-

-

-

-

16 

2 

18 

b m n x aa 

67 

8 

11 

12 

15 

19 

2 

67 

N.B. Expenditure on studies, technical assistance, meetings and publications is included in the various 
headings and estimates in this table, accounting for approximately ECU 6 million overall. 

10 

J 

1 

11 

7.3.2.  Schedule for the preliminary draft budget for multiannual operations" 

Period of application of Raphael programme  1996-2000 

Prelim, 
draft 
budget 
1996 

INDICATIVE  PLAN 

1997 

1998 

1999 

2000 

TOTAL 

10 

11 

13 

15 

18 

67 

8. 

FRAUD  PREVENTION  MEASURES:  RESULTS OF  MEASURES TAKEN 

Payment will be made only after production of detailed supporting documents and 
financial  and accounting statements. 

An activity report must be submitted for each project when final payment is made. 

In addition, the various control bodies (the Court of Auditors, Financial Control 
and the Authorizing Officer) will make regular checks on the management bodies 
conducting the activities and on end-beneficiaries. 

9. 

ELEMENTS OF  COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS 

9.1. 

Specific  and  quantified  objectives; target  population 

9.1.1.  Specific  objectives 

The specific  aims of the RAPHAEL programme are: 

- 

- 

- 

to contribute to the development and promotion of cultural heritage in Europe 
by  assisting  in  the  renovation  and  development  of  a  large  number  of 
monuments and sites throughout the programme (see  7.1.1); 

to  create  synergy  among  professionals  for  the  purpose  of  European-level 
pooling  of  expertise,  know-how  and practices  for  preserving  and  restoring 
heritage, in particular by supporting a significant number of European heritage 
sites for both movable  and non-movable  heritage  so  as to raise the  level  of 
training  in  the  profession  as  a  whole  (the  specific  objective  is  to  support 
between 200 and 250 sites over the five years); 

to  improve  public  access  to  heritage  through joint  acquisitions  and joint 
management of major works of art so that collections of art which, without the 
programme, would have remained scattered, undervalued and inaccessible will 
be on display to the general public in the various Member States; 

11 

^ 

to contribute to collecting, disseminating  and presenting heritage  information 
using modern communication technologies, such as multimedia. The  specific 
objective  is to create a core of comparative studies on the systems used in the 
Member  States  (about  20  studies  over  the  five  years)  and  make  the  results 
available to all those working in the  profession; 

to promote  networking  among heritage professionals  and organizations.  The 
specific  objective  is to  support  15 to  20 transnational  projects  over  the  five 
years using multimedia and other modern means of  communication; 

9.1.2.  Target  population 

The target population is first and foremost professionals in various fields working 
on  heritage  as  well  as  organizations  and  networks,  such  as  museums  and 
collections. 

The  programme  also  covers  research  instimtes  and  initial  and  further  training 
institutes involved  in various areas of cultural heritage. 

The programme will improve public familiarity  with and awareness of the scope, 
quality and wealth of Europe's shared cultural heritage. 

9.2.  Grounds  for the  operation 

The Raphael  programme  is to  achieve  its aims  through  the  five  areas of  action 
listed above, covering both movable and non-movable heritage. 

Projects under the programme must have a European dimension and have genuine 
value added in relation to activities conducted by Member States;  European-level 
networking  of museums  is an  obvious example  of  such  Community-level  value 
added. 

Projects  should  also be of  Community-level  interest  with exemplary,  innovative 
or  informative  content  and  contribute  to  the  promotion  of  Europe's  cultural 
heritage. 

Particular attention will be paid to the multiplier effect  of each project  in cultural 
terms when funding  decisions are made. 

Subsidiarity  is a key element and  approval will be  given only to projects  which 
bring together operators in several Member States and where Community aid will 
add a necessary supplementary dimension to the implementation of the activities. 

When  selecting projects, the panels will  examine whether they could be  eligible 
to receive national or regional subsidies. Where this is the case, careful  attention 
will  be  given  to  ensure  that  Community  funding  does  not  overlap with  funding 
from  other sources so as to avoid  duplication. 

In  brief,  the  project  selection  criteria  are  Community-level  value  added; 
innovative, exemplary  and informative  nature; multiplier effects  and Community 
dimension. 

12 

If 

9.3.  Monitoring  and  evaluation  of the  operation 

9.3.1.  Performance  indicators 

The main performance  indicators to be used initially will  be: 

-  number  of works of art acquired through joint  management  (output); 

-  number  of networks supported  or set up by the programme (output); 

-  number of cross-border projects developed using modern techniques (output); 

-  number of visitors to the travelling  exhibitions organized  (output); 

-  number of  awareness events supported  (output); 

-  number  of heritage access pilot projects  aimed  at the public (output); 

-  number  of exchange projects  supported  (output); 

In addition to these output indicators, a series of impact indicators  is to be  subsequently 
developed. For this purpose, a study is to be drawn up in conjunction  with the Statistical 
Office  to test the reliability  of the indicators. The following  impact indicators could  for 
example be used: 

- 

analysis  of  the  media  impact  of  the  programme's  symbolic  value  in  the 
European press as a whole and in specialized professional journals in order to 
evaluate  the  impact  of  support  financing  on  the  restoration  of  prestigious 
heritage  sites and  sites of  European  or world  importance  (qualitative  impact 
indicator); 

-  Europe-wide dissemination of standards, passive conservation procedures and 
documentation  systems  supported  by  the  programme  (output  and  impact 
indicators); 

-  Europe-wide circulation  of jointly  managed  works (impact  indicator); 

-  networks  supported  under  the programme  as  a proportion  of  total  European 

networks (impact); 

- 

- 

cross-border  projects  supported  under  the programme  as a proportion  of  the 
total projects  of this type in Europe (impact); 

events  supported  under  the  programme  as  a  proportion  of  total  European 
events (impact); 

-  pilot  projects  supported  under  the  programme  as  a  proportion  of  total 

European  pilot projects  (impact); 

- 

exchange  projects  supported  under  the  programme  as  a  proportion  of  total 
European  exchange projects  (impact). 

9.3.2.  Details and  frequency  of planned  evaluations 

13 

3* 

9.3.2.1.  Details of evaluation 

In  1996 the Raphael programme will take over from the Heritage pilot operation which 
is due to finish at the end of  1995. The results of the pilot operation are currently being 
assessed by a panel of outside experts. The cost-performance study is due to be completed 
by the end of May. It will be used as the input for defining in detail the intervention and 
selection  mechanisms  and  the  management  and  evaluation  systems  for  the  Raphael 
programme. 

The  main  areas  of  operation  for  the  Raphael  programme  were  drawn  up  following 
consultations with people in the profession  and numerous discussions and deliberations 
with experts in the heritage field, which were held in  1993 and 1994. 

Calls  for  propositions  are  to  be  published  annually  to  enable  project  promoters  and 
heritage professionals to submit applications for financing under the Raphael programme 
on an open basis. 

Selection of projects and dossiers to receive financing will be made by the Commission 
departments  assisted  by  a jury  of  independent  experts  who  will  make  a  comparative 
analysis  of  the  projects  and  assess  the  advantages  and  Community  interest  of  each 
operation. 

The  Raphael  programme  will  be  monitored  by  an  advisory  committee  made  up  of 
representatives nominated by each Member State. The committee will issue opinions on 
the subjects and content of the operations which the Commission proposes to support. 

Each year an evaluation report will be submitted to the committee and simultaneously to 
Parliament and the Committee  of the Regions.  It will  be drawn up on the basis of the 
workings  of  the juries,  decisions  and  inspections  by  Commission  departments  and  a 
summary of the activity reports submitted at the end of each operation. 

In  addition,  half-way  through  the programme  the  Commission  will  submit  an overall 
evaluation report, drawn up by an independent audit panel, to Parliament, the Council and 
the Committee of the Regions together with proposals for amendments and improvements, 
if deemed necessary. 

At the end of the programme a complete evaluation report will be produced reviewing the 
contents  and  achievements  of  the  programme.  It will  be  submitted  to  Parliament, the 
Council  and the Committee  of the Regions by  30 September  of the year following  the 
expiry of the programme. 

9.3.2.2.  Frequency of evaluation 

Annually  for the on-going  evaluations 

Mid-term and at the end of the programme for the external and full evaluations on all the 
programme mechanisms and on its performance assessment. 

14 

Mr 

9.3.3.  Assessment  of results obtained 

The results obtained, which will  be evaluated in the ways set out in paragraph 9.3.2. or 
in the periodic global evaluation exercises, will be used by the Commission to make the 
necessary  changes  to  the  priorities,  intervention  mechanisms  and  technical  and 
management procedures  of  the programme.  There will  be  an annual  feedback  exercise 
within the Commission. 

The Council, Parliament and the Committee of the Regions will be kept informed of the 
annual  results  and  the  annual  or  periodic  evaluations,  and  proposals  for  any  major 
amendments  which  may  be  deemed  necessary  will  be  submitted  to  them. 

15 

V 

ISSN 0254-1475 

COM(95) 110  final 

DOCUMENTS 

EN 

16 

Catalogue number : CB-CO-95-129-EN-C 

ISBN92-77-87239-X 

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