Proposal for a COUNCIL DECISION on the conclusion by the European Community of an Agreement between the European Economic Community and Latvia on trade and commercial and economic cooperation
Date: 1992-05-04
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: USSR, agreement (EU), economic cooperation, republic, trade cooperation

COMMISSION  OF  THE  EUROPEAN  COMMUNITIES 

C0M(92) 176  final 

Brussels, 4 May  1992 

Proposal  for a 

COUNCIL DECISION 

on the conclusion  by the European Economic Community  of  an 
Agreement  between  the European Economic Community  and  Latvia 
on trade and  commercial and economic  cooperation 

(presented  by  the  Commission) 

E. 

EXPLANATORY  MEMORANDUM 

1.  The attached  proposal  for a Council Decision  is the  legal 
instrument  for the conclusion  of the Agreement  on Trade and  Commercial 
and Economic  Cooperation between the European Economic Community  and 
the European Atomic Energy  Community  and the Republic  of Latvia. 

2.  Exploratory  talks between Commission  and Latvian experts took  place 
between November  1991 and  February  this year  in Brussels. 

3.  On the basis of directives  adopted  by the Council on  11 November 
1991 there were a number of  informal meetings between Community  and 
Latvian representatives, which resulted  in a formal  negotiating  session 
in Brussels on 4 February this year, at which the Agreement  was 
initialled. 

Regarding  the  initialled  text, which  is attached  to the proposal  for a 
Decision, the  following should  be noted: 

(a) it contains  no  financial  protocol  or  financial  undertakings; 
(b) the  respect  for democratic  principles  and  human  rights  is an 

essential  aspect of the Agreement  (Article 1 ); 

(c) ECSC products  and  textile and clothing  products  falling  within 
Section  XI of the Harmonized  System  are not covered  by  the 
Agreement  (Article 3 ); 

(d) the Community  and Latvia  reaffirm  their undertaking  to accord  each 

other most-favoured-nation treatment  under the GATT, and  the 
Community  also undertakes to abolish quantitative  restrictions 
specific  to Latvia  (Article 8 ); 

(e) as regards commercial  cooperation, Latvia  also undertakes  to 
guarantee effective, suitable protection  of  intellectual  and 
commercial  property  and to accede to the relevant  international 
conventions  (Article  13(3)); 

(f) economic  cooperation  is focused on the sectors  listed  non-

exhaustively  in Article  15 with  a view to establishing  economic 
links and  increasing  trade between  the two parties: it  is also 
designed  to support  structural  changes  in the Latvian  economy; 
(g) the Community  undertakes to support Latvia's applications  to  accede 

to international  organizations  and  conventions  (Article 17); 

(h) Article  18 sets up a Joint Committee  and  lays down  its 

responsibilities: the Committee will monitor the proper working of 
the Agreement  and  recommend  measures that  it deems appropriate  to 
achieve the aims of the Agreement. 

-2," 

(i) 

the Agreement  is concluded  for an initial period  of ten 
years, tacitly  renewable each year:  it may be denounced  by 
means of the usual procedure, and  suspended with  immediate 
effect, totally or partially, should there be  serious 
infringement  of essential  provisions of theiAgreement. 

4.  Since Articles  113 and  235 of the Treaty provide the  legal basis 
for the Agreement, the opinion of Parliament  is required. 

i 

5.  It is proposed  to sign a joint declaration on political  dialogue 
when the Agreement  is signed. 

i 

6.  The Council  is asked to adopt the attached  proposal  for a Council 
Decision on the conclusion of an Agreement  on Trade and Commercial  and 
Economic  Cooperation  between the Community  and Latvia. 

-h 

PROPOSAL FOR 

A COUNCIL  DECISION 

of  . 

on the conclusion  by the European Economic Community  of an 
Agreement  between the European Economic Community  and  Latvia 
on trade and commercial  and economic  cooperation 

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN  COMMUNITIES 

Having  regard  to  the  Treaty  establishing  the  European  Economic 
Community,  and  in particular Articles  113 and  235 thereof, 

Having  regard  to the proposal  from the Commission, 

Having  regard  to the opinion of the European Parliament, 

Whereas  the  conclusion  of  the  Agreement  between  the  European  Economic 
Community  and  on  trade  and  commercial  and  economic  cooperation  is 
necessary  for the achievement  of the Community's objectives  in the  field 
of  external  economic  relations;  whereas  this  Agreement  should  be 
approved  on behalf  of the European Economic  Community; 

Whereas  it  appears  that  certain  measures  of  economic  cooperation 
provided  for  by  the  Agreement  exceed  the  powers  of  action  provided  for 
in  the  Treaty,  and  in  particular  those  specified  in  the  field  of  the 
common  commercial  policy, 

HAD DECIDED  AS FOLLOWS: 

Article 1 

The  Agreement  between  the  European  Economic  Community  and  Latvia  on 
trade  and  commercial  and  economic  cooperation  is  hereby  approved  on 
behalf  of the European Economic  Community. 

The text of that Agreement  is attached  to this decision. 

The  President  of  the  Council  shall  give  the  notification,  provided  for 
in Article  21 of the Agreement. 

Article 2 

v-

Article 3 

The  Commission  assisted  by  representatives  of  the  Member  States,  shall 
represent  the  Community  in  the  joint  committee  set  up  by  Article  18 of 
the Agreement. 

Done at Brussels, 

For the Council 

The  President 

GROUPE 
EUROPE ORIENTALE 
DOC. SEANCE iU 

~6-

1/24/92  EN 

Brussels, 4 February 1992 

DRAFT AGREEMENT 

between the European Economic Community and the Republic of Latvia on trade 
and commercial and economic cooperation 

THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY, 

hereinafter called the "Community", of the one part, and 

THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA, 

hereinafter called "Latvia", of the other part, 

CONSIDERING the importance of establishing and expanding trade links 
between the Community and Latvia, 

DESIROUS of creating favourable conditions for a substantial and harmonious 
development and diversification of trade and the promotion of commercial 
and economic cooperation in areas of mutual interest on the basis of 
equality, non-discrimination, mutual benefit and reciprocity, 

AWARE of the particular importance of foreign trade and other forms of 
international economic cooperation for the economic and social development 
of each of the Contracting Parties, 

AWARE of the importance of giving full effect to all the provisions and 
principles of the CSCE process, and in particular those set out in the 
Helsinki Final Act, the concluding documents of the Madrid, Vienna and 
Copenhagen meetings, and those of the Charter of Paris for a new Europe, 
particularly with regard to the rule of law, democracy and human rights, as 
well as those of the Bonn CSCE Conference on Economic Co-operation, 

RECOGNIZING the importance of guaranteeing the rights of ethnic and 
national groups and minorities, in accordance with the undertakings made 
within the context of the CSCE, 

AWARE of the importance of strengthening their democratic institutions and 
of supporting the process of economic reform in Latvia, 

BELIEVING that a further impetus should be given to the trading and 
economic relationship between the Community and Latvia by establishing 
contractual links which will contribute to progress towards the objective 
of an association agreement in due course, when conditions are met, and to 
further development of relations between them, 

TAKING INTO ACCOUNT the favourable implications for trade and economic 
cooperation between the Contracting Parties of reform under way in Latvia, 

HAVE DECIDED to conclude this Agreement and to this end have designated as 
their Plenipotentiaries: 

+ 

THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC  COMMUNITY: 

THE REPUBLIC OF LATVIA: 

WHO, having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due  form, 

HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS: 

TITLE I 

General 

Article 1 

Respect  for the democratic principles and human rights established by the 
Helsinki Final Act and the Charter of Paris for a new Europe inspires the 
domestic and external policies of the Community  and Latvia and  constitutes 
an essential element of the present agreement. 

Article 2 

Within the framework of their respective  laws and regulations, the 
Contracting Parties undertake to facilitate and promote: 

-  the harmonious development and diversification of trade between  them; 

-  the development  of various types of commercial  and economic  cooperation. 

They  therefore confirm their resolve to consider  favourably,  each  for its 
own part,  suggestions made by the other Party with a view to attaining 
these aims. 

-, 

TITLE II 

Trade and commercial  cooperation 

Article 3 

1. This Agreement  shall apply to trade in all products originating  in the 
Community  and in Latvia with the exception of products covered  by the 
Treaty establishing  the European Coal and Steel Community  and of the 
textiles  and apparel covered by Section XI of the Harmonized  system. 

2. The provisions  of this Agreement may be supplemented  if necessary  by 
sectoral agreements  cr arrangements  concluded  between  the community  and 
Latvia. In particular, a separate agreement  for textile products will be 
negotiated. 

/\f, £—~ 

*

&-

-g-
Article 4 

Unless otherwise specified  in this Agreement, trade and other  commercial 
cooperation  between the Contracting  Parties shall be conducted  in 
accordance with their respective regulations. 

Article 5 

1. The Contracting Parties  shall accord each other  most-favoured-nation 
treatment  in all matters  regarding: 

-  customs duties and charges of any kind imposed  on or in connection  with 

importation  or  exportation, 

-  the method of levying  such duties and charges, 

-  all rules and formalities  in connection with  importation  and 

exportation,  including provisions relating  to customs clearance, 
transit, warehousing  and  transhipment, 

-  taxes and other  internal charges  levied directly  or indirectly  on 

imported  products, 

-  methods  of payment  and the transfer of such payments, 

-  the regulations affecting  the sale, purchase, transport,  distribution 

and use of goods on the domestic  market. 

2. The provisions  of paragraph  1 shall not apply  to: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

advantages  accorded  to adjacent countries  in order to  facilitate 
frontier traffic; 

N 

advantages  accorded with the aim of creating  a customs  union  or a 
free trade area or pursuant to the creation  of such a union  or 
area; 

advantages  accorded  to particular countries  in accordance with  the 
General Agreement  on Tariffs and Trade and other  international 
arrangements  in favour of developing  countries. 

Article 6 

Without  prejudice  to the rights and obligations  stemming  from  international 
conventions on the temporary  admission  of goods which bind both  sides, 
the Contracting  Parties  shall furthermore  grant each other  reciprocal 
exemption  from  import  charges  and duties on goods admitted  temporarily,  in 
the  instances and according  to the procedures  stipulated  by any  other 
international  convention  on this matter binding  only  one of them.  Account 
shall be taken of the conditions  under which  the obligations  stemming  from 
such a convention  have been accepted  by the Contracting  Party  in  question. 

-f-
Article 7 

Latvia  shall grant  imports of products originating  in the  Community 
treatment which  is non-discriminatory  in relation  to products  originating 
in other countries, as regards the application of  quantitative 
restrictions, the granting of licences and access to the foreign  currency 
needed to pay  for such  imports. 

Article 8 

1. Without  prejudice  to Article  7, each of the Contracting  Parties  shall 
grant imports  of products originating  in the other the highest  degree of 
liberalization  generally  extended to third countries.  To that end,  the 
specific quantitative restrictions applying to imports  from Latvia  into the 
Community  shall be  eliminated. 

2. For the purposes  of this Agreement,  "specific  quantitative  restrictions" 
shall mean  those quantitative  restrictions  applied  by the Community  to 
imports  originating  in Latvia under Regulation  (EEC) No 3420/83, which 
concerns  products  other than those to which quantitative  restrictions  are 
applied  under Regulation  (EEC) No 288/82. 

Article 9 

The Parties  shall inform each other of any changes  in their tariff  or 
statistical  nomenclature  or of any decision taken  in accordance  with  the 
procedures  in force concerning the classification  of products covered  by 
this  Agreement. 

Article  10 

Goods  shall be traded between the Contracting  Parties at market-related 
prices. 

Article  11 

1. The Contracting  Parties shall consult each other  if any product  is being 
imported  into the territory  of one of them in such  increased  quantities  or 
on such terms as to cause cr threaten  to cause  serious  injury  to  domestic 
producers of  like or directly competing  products. 

2. The Contracting Party claiming  serious  injury  or threat  thereof  shall 
request consultations  by notification  in writing and  shall provide  the 
other Party with all the relevant  information required  for a  detailed 
examination  of the  situation. 

3. The consultations  requested pursuant  to paragraph  1 shall be  held  with a 
view to seeking mutually  satisfactory  solutions  and with due regard  for the 
fundamental  aims of the Agreement; they  shall be completed  not  later  than 
30 days  from the date of notification  of the request  by the  Party 
concerned,  unless  the Parties agree otherwise. 

/\s-  / 

-# 

4. If, as a result of such consultations, it is agreed that the  situation 
referred  to in paragraph  1 exists, exports shall be  limited or  such  other 
action taken, possibly with regard to the price at which these exports are 
sold, as will prevent or remedy the injury. 

5. If, following action under paragraphs  1 to 4, agreement  is not  reached 
between the Contracting  Parties, the Contracting  Party which requested  the 
consultations  shall be free to restrict  the imports  of the products 
concerned  to the extent and for such time as is necessary  to prevent  or 
remedy the  injury.  The other Contracting Party  shall then be  free to 
deviate  from  its obligations towards the first Party  in respect  of 
substantially  equivalent  trade. 

6. in critical circumstances, where delay would cause damage difficult  to 
repair,  such preventive or remedial action may be taken  provisionally 
without prior consultation, provided consultations  are held  immediately 
after  such action  is taken. 

7. In the  selection  of measures under this Article,  the Contracting  Parties 
shall give priority  to those which cause the  least disturbance  to the 
functioning  of this Agreement. 

8. Where  necessary the contracting Parties may hold consultations  to 
determine when the measures adopted pursuant to paragraphs  4 to  6 shall 
cease to  apply. 

Article  12 

1. This Agreement  shall not preclude prohibitions  or restrictions  on 
imports,  exports or goods  in transit  justified  on grounds of  public 
morality,  public  policy or public  security, the protection  of  life and 
health  of humans, animals or plants, the protection  of  industrial, 
commercial  and  intellectual  property,  or rules delating to gold  or  silver 
or imposed  for the protection of national treasures  of artistic,  historic 
or archaeological  value. 

Such prohibitions  and restrictions must not, however, constitute  a means of 
arbitrary  discrimination  or disguised  restrictions  on trade between  the 
Contracting  Parties. 

2. This Agreement  shall not preclude  the taking  of action  justified  on 
grounds of  protection  of essential  security  interests: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

relating  to fissionable materials or the materials  from which  they 
are  derived; 

relating  to traffic  in arms, ammunition  and  implements  of war and 
to  such traffic  in other goods and materials  as is carried  on 
directly  or  indirectly  for the purpose of  supplying  a military 
establishment; 

taken  in time of war or other emergency  in  international  relations 
or  to allow  it to comply with obligations  it has accepted  in 
connection  with  the maintenance  of  international  peace  and 
security. 

/ , ^.  C-^. 

-y-
Article 13 

1. The Contracting Parties shall make every effort to promote, expand and 
diversify their trade on the basis of non-discrimination and reciprocity. 
In the spirit of this Article, the Joint committee established under 
Title V of this Agreement will attach special importance to examining ways 
of encouraging the reciprocal and harmonious expansion of trade. 

2. in furtherance of the aims of this Article and within the limits of 
their respective powers, the Contracting Parties agree on the necessity to 
improve favourable business regulations and facilities for each other's 
firms or companies on their respective markets, inter alia by taking steps: 

-  to ensure the publication and facilitate exchanges of commercial and 

economic information on all matters which would assist the development 
of commercial and economic cooperation, for example: 

- 

general and sectoral import arrangements, 

economic and commercial law, including regulations on markets, 
companies and investment, 

macroeconomic information and statistics, including production, 
consumption and foreign trade statistics, 

-  to facilitate the establishment and operation of each other's companies, 

-  to encourage trade promotion activities, 

-  to provide natural and legal persons of the other Party with guarantees 
of their individual and property rights, such as non-discriminatory 
access for that purpose to courts and appropriate administrative bodies 
Z^^^* ^— 
of the Community and Latvia. 

~i n 

3. Latvia will take measures guaranteeing an effective and adequate 
protection of intellectual, industrial and commercial property, at a level 
similar to that which exists in the Community, and will adhere to 
International Conventions on intellectual, industrial and commercial 
property. 

4. The Contracting Parties undertake to facilitate, within the limits of 
their respective powers, administrative cooperation between the appropriate 
authorities in matters relating to customs, in particular in the following 
areas: 

-  vocational training, 

-  simplification of customs documentation and procedures, and 

-  prevention and detection of infringements of the rules on customs 

matters, including the rules governing import quotas. 

Article 14 

within the limits of their respective powers, the Contracting Parties: 

-  shall encourage the adoption of arbitration for the settlement of 
disputes arising out of commercial and cooperation transactions 
concluded by companies, enterprises or economic organizations of the 
Community and those of Latvia, 

-  agree that when a dispute is submitted to arbitration, each party to the 

dispute may freely choose its own arbitrator, irrespective of 
nationality, and that the presiding third arbitrator or the sole 
arbitrator may be a citizen of a third State, 

-  shall encourage recourse to the arbitration rules developed by the 

United Nations Commission on International Trade Law  (Uncitral) and to 
arbitration by any centre of a State signatory to the Convention on 
Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards concluded in 
New York on 10 uune IS58. 

TITLE III 

Economic cooperation 

Article 15 

1. In the light of their respective economic policies and objectives, the 
Contracting Parties, within the limits of their existing powers, shall 
foster economic cooperation on as broad a base as possible in all fields 
deemed to be in their mutual interest. 

The objectives of such cooperation shall be, inter alia: 

-  to reinforce and diversify economic links between the Contracting 

Parties, 

A\/4  C^  . 

13 

-  to contribute to the development of their respective economies and 

standards of living, 

-  to open up new sources of supply and new markets, 

-  to encourage cooperation between economic operators with a view to 
promoting joint ventures, licensing agreements, and other forms of 
industrial cooperation to develop their respective industries, 

-  to encourage scientific and technological progress, 

-  to support structural changes in the Latvian economy which will increase 

and diversify trade in goods and services with the Community, 

-  to encourage the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in 

trade and industrial cooperation. 

2. In order to achieve these objectives, the Contracting Parties shall make 
efforts to encourage and promote economic cooperation in areas of mutual 
interest, in particular in the following sectors: 

-  industry, 

-  agriculture, including agro-industry, 

-  fisheries, 

-  science and technology in areas in which the Contracting Parties are 

active and which they consider to be of mutual interest, 

-  telecommunications, 

-  energy, including the saving of energy and the development of new 

sources of energy, 

-  mining and production of building materials, 

-  environmental protection, including protection from water and air 
pollution and industrial accidents, and the management of natural 
resources; also taking into account environmental requirements in other 
policy areas such as industry, agriculture, energy, transport, 

-  transport, communications and the running of ports, 

-  tourism^ and other service activities, 

-  economic, monetary, banking, insurance and financial services, 

-  development of human resources and training, 

/  XyS'  / 

-  health. 

-9-

-  economic  policy, 

-  standards, 

-  statistics. 

3. To give effect to the objectives of economic  cooperation and within  the 
limits of their respective powers, the contracting  Parties  shall  encourage 
the adoption of measures aimed at creating  favourable  conditions  for 
economic and  industrial cooperation,  including: 

-  the facilitation of exchanges of commercial  and economic  information, 

-  the development of a favourable climate for investment,  notably by the 

extension by the Member States of the Community  and Latvia  of 
arrangements  for investment  promotion and protection,  in particular  for 
the transfer of profits and the repatriation  of invested  capital, and 
also of agreements on the avoidance of double  taxation, 

-  exchanges and contacts between persons and delegations  representing 

commercial  or other appropriate organizations, 

-  the organization of seminars, fairs or exhibitions, symposia  and 

business weeks. 

-  the encouragement of activities contributing to technical competence  in 

specific  fields, notably  commercialization. 

Article  16 

Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of the Treaties  establishing 
the European Communities, this Agreement and any action taken pursuant  to 
it shall in no way affect the powers of the Member  States of the  community 
to undertake  bilateral activities with Latvia  in the field of  economic 
cooperation  and to conclude, where appropriate, new economic  cooperation 
:.gre<?.ment5 with Lc-tvie . 

TITLE IV 

Accession  to international organizations  and  conventions 

Article  17 

The Community  undertakes, within the limits of its powers, to  support  the 
accession of Latvia  to international  organizations  and conventions  to which 
the Community  is a party,  in order to enable Latvia  to become more active 
in the world  economic  system. 

TITLE V 

Joint Committee 

Article 18 

1. A Joint Committee shall be set up, comprising representatives of the 

Community, on the one hand, and representatives of Latvia, on the other. 

The Joint Committee shall formulate recommendations by mutual agreement 
between the Contracting Parties. 

The Joint Committee shall, as necessary, adopt its own rules of 
procedure and programme of work. 

The Joint Committee shall meet once a year in Brussels and Riga 
alternately.  Special meetings may be convened by mutual agreement, at 
the request of either Contracting Party.  The Joint Committee shall be 
chaired alternately by each of the Contracting Parties.  Wherever 
possible, the agenda for meetings of the Joint Committee shall be agreed 
beforehand. 

The Joint Committee may decide to set up working parties to assist it in 
carrying out its duties. 

2. The Joint Committee shall ensure the proper functioning of this 
Agreement and shall devise and recommend practical measures for 
achieving its objectives, keeping in view the economic and social 
policies of the Contracting Parties. 

3. The Joint Committee shall endeavour to find ways of encouraging the 

development of trade and commercial and economic cooperation between the 
contracting Parties,  in particular, it shall: 

- 

- 

~ 

examine the various aspects of trade between the Parties, 
notably its overall pattern, rate of growth, structure and 
diversification, the trade balance and the various forms of 
trade and trade promotion, 

make recommendations on any trade or economic cooperation 
problem of mutual concern; 

seek appropriate means of avoiding possible difficulties in 
the fields of trade and cooperation and encourage various 
forms of commercial and economic cooperation in areas of 
mutual interest; 

consider measures likely to develop and diversify trade and 
economic cooperation, notably by improving  import 
opportunities in the Community and in Latvia; 

* 

-li-

exchange information on macroeconomic plans and forecasts 
for the economies of the Contracting  Parties which have an 
impact on trade and cooperation and, by extension, on the 
scope for developing complementarity between their 
respective economies and also on proposed programmes of 
economic reform; 

examine the situation concerning the procedures for the 
award of contracts for supplying goods and services 
following an international invitation to tender; 

exchange information on amendments to and developments in 
the laws, regulations and formalities of the Contracting 
Parties in the areas covered by this Agreement; 

examine favourably ways of improving conditions for the 
development of direct contacts between firms established in 
the Community and those established in Latvia; 

formulate and submit to the authorities of both Contracting 
Parties recommendations for resolving any problems that 
arise, where appropriate by means of the conclusion of 
arrangements or agreements. 

TITLE VI 

General and final provisions 

Article 19 

Subject to the provisions of Article 16, the provisions of this Agreement 
shall replace the provisions of agreements concluded between Member States 
of the Community and Latvia where the latter provisions are either 
incompatible with or identical to the former. 

Article 20 

This Agreement shall apply, on the one hand, to the territories in which 
the Treaty establishing the European Economic community is applied and 
under the conditions laid down in that Treaty and, on the other, to the 
territory of the Republic of Latvia. 

Article 21 

This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the second month 
following the date on which the Contracting Parties notify each other that 
the legal procedures necessary to this end have been completed.  The 
Agreement is concluded for an initial period of ten years.  The Agreement 
shall be automatically renewed year by year provided that neither 
contracting Party gives the other Party written notice of denunciation of 
the Agreement six months before it expires. 

/ 

Sis' 
*'<+'— 

/* 

. 

However, the two Contracting Parties may amend the Agreement by mutual 
consent in order to take account of new developments, notably the situation 
which would arise from the accession of Latvia to the General Agreement on 
Tariffs and Trade.  In the latter case, the Contracting Parties shall 
prepare together the amendments to this Agreement necessary to take account 
of the protocol of accession of Latvia to the General Agreement.  If the 
Parties are unable to agree on this subject they reserve the right to 
denounce this Agreement. 

The parties reserve the right to suspend this Agreement in whole or in part 
with immediate effect if a serious violation occurs of the essential 
provisions of the present agreement. 

Article 22 

This Agreement is drawn up in duplicate in the Danish, Dutch, English, 
French, German, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Latvian languages, 
each text being equally authentic. 

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ISSN 0254-1475 

COM(92) 176 final 

DOCUMENTS 

EN 

02  li 

Catalogue number: CB-CO-92-191-EN-C 

ISBN 92-77-43799-5 

Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 
L-2985 Luxembourg