Council Directive 86/662/EEC of 22 December 1986 on the limitation of noise emitted by hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator- loaders
Date: 1986-12-22
Institutions: Council of the European Union
Subjects: approximation of laws, construction equipment, environmental standard, noise, noise pollution, pollution control













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31986L0662

Council Directive 86/662/EEC of 22 December 1986 on the limitation of noise emitted by hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator- loaders  


Official Journal L 384 , 31/12/1986 P. 0001 - 0011 Finnish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 7 P. 0185  Swedish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 7 P. 0185  





COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 22 December 1986 on the limitation of noise emitted by hydraulic  excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders (86/662/EEC) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article  100 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1), Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee(3), Whereas the 1973(4) and 1977(5) action programmes of the European Communities on the environment  highlight the importance of the problem of noise nuisance and, in particular, the need for action  to regulate the worst noise sources; Whereas, during the Council meeting of 18 and 19 December 1978, the Ministers for the Environment  declared that the technical requirements relating to the measurement of noise at the operator's  position would have to be included in the Annexes to the special Directives on each type of  equipment under consideration; Whereas the disparity between the provisions applicable in the various Member States concerning the  limitation of the sound emission level of hydraulic and rope-operated excavators and of dozers and  excavator-loaders directly affects the functioning of the common market; whereas it is therefore  appropriate to carry out in this field the approximation of laws for which Article 100 of the  Treaty provides; Whereas Council Directive 84/532/EEC of 17 September 1984 on the approximation of the laws of the  Member States relating to common provisions for construction plant and equipment(6) laid down,  inter alia, the procedures for EEC type-approval verification; whereas it is necessary, pursuant to  that Directive, to prescribe the harmonized requirements which each category of equipment must  satisfy; Whereas Council Directive 79/113/EEC of 19 December 1978 on the approximation of the laws of the  Member States relating to the determination of the noise emission of construction plant and  equipment(7), as amended by Directive 81/1051/EEC(8), laid down the method which should be used for  establishing the acoustic criteria for hydraulic and rope-operated excavators and for dozers,  loaders and excavator-loaders; Whereas, owing to the effect of the noise emitted by hydraulic and rope-operated excavators and by  dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders on the environment and, more particularly, on human  well-being and health, it is necessary to bring about a progressive and appreciable reduction in  the permissible sound emission level of hydraulic and rope-operated excavators and of dozers,  loaders and excavator loaders; Whereas it is appropriate to set a sound emission level applicable when this Directive comes into  force and to make these provisions more stringent on a gradual basis; Whereas it is appropriate to publish, for information purposes, the sound-power level and the  sound-pressure level at the operator's position; Whereas the technical provisions must be supplemented and rapidly adapted to technical progress;  whereas, to this end, provision should be made for application of the procedure defined in Article  5 of Directive 79/113/EEC, HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: Article 1 1.  This Directive shall apply to the sound-power level of airborne noise emitted in  the environment and the sound-pressure level of airborne noise emitted at the operator's position  of hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and excavator-loaders,  hereinafter referred to as 'earth-moving machines', used to perform work on civil-engineering and  building sites. 2.  This is a separate Directive within the meaning of Article 3 (2) of Council Directive  84/532/EEC, hereinafter referred to as the 'framework Directive'. Article 2 For the purposes of this Directive: 2.1.Hydraulic or rope-operated excavators means machines combining a self-propelled undercarriage  with an upper structure which can swivel through more than 360°. The machine excavates, lifts,  carries and dumps material by moving either a boom, an arm and bucket (as is the case with a face  shovel or a backhoe) or a bucket controlled by the winding-gear (as is the case with a drag-line or  a clamshell). 2.2.Dozers means self-propelled wheeled or crawler machines fitted in front with a blade which  serves primarily to displace or spread materials. 2.3.Loaders means self-propelled wheeled or crawler machines fitted in front with a bucket. The  machine loads, raises, transports and dumps material by combining its own movements and those of  the bucket. 2.4.Excavator-loaders means self-propelled wheeled or crawler machines, designed to be fitted with  a loading bucket at the front and an excavating arm at the rear as original equipment. The loading  bucket loads, raises, transports and dumps material by combining its own movements with those of  the machine. The excavating arm excavates, raises and dumps material by movements of the boom, arm  and bucket. Article 3 1.  The approved bodies shall issue an EEC type- examination certificate for every type of earth-moving machine referred to in Article 1 (1): (a)during a six-year period from the date on which the Directive enters into force, where the  sound-power level of airborne noise emitted in the environment measured under the conditions of  stationary operation set out in Annex I to Directive 79/113/EEC, as supplemented by Annex I to this  Directive, does not exceed the permissible level specified with reference to the net installed  power in the following table: >TABLE>(b)after expiry of the abovementioned six-year period, where the sound-power level  of airborne noise emitted into the environment measured under the conditions of real dynamic  operation laid down in Annex I to Directive 79/113/EEC, as supplemented by Annex II to this  Directive, does not exceed the permissible level determined pursuant to Article 7. 2.  All applications for an EEC type-examination certificate in respect of the permissible  sound-power levels of a type of earth-moving machine shall be accompanied by an information  document conforming to the model shown in Annex IV. 3.  For each type of earth-moving machine it certifies, the approved body shall complete all the  sections of the type-examination certificate conforming to the model given in Annex III to the  framework Directive. 4.  The period of validity of EEC type-examination certificates shall be limited to six years. However, the certificate granted in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 (a) shall cease  to be valid after a period of seven years has elapsed from the date the Directive entered into  force. The conditions for renewing certificates granted shall be determined pursuant to Article 7. 6.  For every earth-moving machine built in conformity with the type certified by EEC  type-examination, the manufacturer shall complete a certificate of conformity conforming to the  model given in Annex IV to the framework Directive and shall indicate thereon the net installed  power and the corresponding swivel system. 7.  Each earth-moving machine built in accordance with the type certified by EEC type-examination  shall bear a clear and permanent mark indicating the -sound-power level in dB(A) in relation to 1 pW, -sound-pressure level in dB(A) in relation to 20 ìPa at the operator's position, guaranteed by the manufacturer and determined as laid down in Annex I to Directive 79/113/EEC, as  amended by Directive 81/1051/EEC and supplemented by Annex I or II and III to this Directive,  together with the symbol 'aa' (epsilon). The model for these marks is given in Annex V to this  Directive. Article 4 The provisions of this Directive shall not affect the Member States' entitlement to  limit, with due observance of the Treaty and, in particular, Articles 30 to 36 thereof, the noise  level observed at the operator's position in earth-moving machines provided that this does not  entail any obligation to adjust earth-moving machines which meet the requirements of this Directive  to different emission specifications within the meaning of Annex I to the Directive. Article 5 Member States may take measures to regulate the use of earth-moving machines in areas  which they consider sensitive. Article 6 Checking of the conformity of production models with the type examined, as provided for  in Article 12 of the framework Directive, shall be carried out using the technical procedure laid  down in Annex VI. Article 7 At the earliest opportunity and at the latest 18 months after the entry into force of  the Directive, the Commission will submit to the Council a proposal aimed at determining, on the  basis of the measurement method to be adopted in accordance with the first indent of Article 8, the  permissible sound levels referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) and also the conditions for possible  extension of EEC type-examination certificates and their period of validity referred to in Article  3 (4). The permissible sound levels shall be so determined that their effect on the environment is  reduced by approximately 3 dB according to the category of power and the type of machine, measured  according to the stationary operation method. The Council will take a decision on the proposal, in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty,  within 24 months of the date on which it was forwarded to the Council. Article 8 The following shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 5  of Directive 79/113/EEC as amended by Directive 81/1051/EEC: -the real, dynamic method of measurement referred to in Annex II, -the amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes to this Directive to technical  progress. Article 9 The Council shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty and within a period  of 18 months, take a decision on the proposal for the reduction of permissible noise-levels which  the Commission will put forward five years after the period referred to in Article 3 (1) (b) has  entered into force. Article 10 Member States shall take all necessary measures to ensure that earth-moving machines  as defined in Article 2 cannot be placed on the market unless they satisfy the provisions of this  Directive and of the framework Directive. Article 11 1.  Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative  provisions necessary to comply with this Directive on the day following expiry of a period of 24  months from its notification(1) and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof. 2.  Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national  law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive. Article 12 This Directive is addressed to the Member States. Done at Brussels, 22 December 1986. For the CouncilThe PresidentG. SHAW (1)OJ N° C 302, 21. 11. 1981, p. 7.  (2)OJ N° C 66, 15. 3. 1982, p. 95.  (3)OJ N° C 64, 15. 3. 1982, p. 12.  (4)OJ N° C 112, 20. 12. 1973.  (5)OJ N° C 139, 13. 6. 1977.  (6)OJ N° L 300, 19. 11. 1984, p. 111.  (7)OJ N° L 33, 8. 2. 1979, p. 15.  (8)OJ N° L 376, 30. 12. 1981, p. 49.  (1)This Decision was notified to the Member States on 29 December 1986. ANNEX I METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE NOISE EMITTED BY HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS,  ROPE-OPERATED EXCAVATORS, DOZERS, LOADERS AND EXCAVATOR-LOADERSSCOPE This method of measurement is applicable to hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers,  loaders and excavator-loaders, hereinafter referred to as 'earth-moving machines'. It lays down the  test procedure for determining the sound-power level of such earth-moving machines with a view to  EEC type-examination and checking for conformity. These technical procedures comply with the requirements laid down in Annex I to Directive  79/113/EEC, and the provisions of that Annex are applicable to earth-moving machines subject to the  following additions: 4.CRITERIA TO BE USED FOR EXPRESSING RESULTS 4.1.Acoustic criterion for the environment The acoustic criterion for the environment of an earth-moving machine is expressed by the  sound-power level LWA. 6.2.Operation during measurements The noise emitted is measured with the earth-moving machine stationary and its engine idling. For these measurements, the engine and hydraulic system of the machine must be warmed up in  accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and safety requirements must be observed. 6.2.1.The test is carried out with the earth-moving machine in a stationary position without  operating the working equipment or travelling mechanism. For the purposes of the test the engine  will idle at not less than the rated speed corresponding to the net power as defined and determined  in accordance with Annex I to Council Directive 80/1269/EEC of 16 December 1980. The rated speed and the corresponding net power are stated by the manufacturer of the earth-moving  machine and must appear on the technical instructions for use of the earth-moving machine and on  the certificate of conformity issued to the purchaser. If the earth-moving machine is fitted with several engines, they must work simultaneously during  the test provided that such simultaneous working forms part of the normal working conditions of the  machine. If the engine of the earth-moving machine is fitted with a fan, the latter must operate during the  tests. If the fan can work at several speeds, the tests shall be carried out at its maximum working  speed. The rated speed is set by the manufacturer. The working equipment (bucket or blade of a loader or a  dozer) is positioned at a height of 300 ± 50 millimetres above the ground. In the case of excavators and excavator-loaders, the working equipment must be in the retracted  position. 6.2.2.Tests under load N°t applicable. 6.3.Measuring site The measuring site must be flat and horizontal. This site, including the microphone positions, must  be of concrete or non-porous asphalt. 6.4.Measuring surface, measuring distance, location and number of measuring points 6.4.1.Measuring surface, measuring distance The measuring surface to be used for the test is a hemisphere. The radius of the hemisphere is determined by the basic length l, (see Fig. 1). The radius is: -4 metres when the basic length of the earth-moving machine to be tested is not greater than 1,5 metres, -10 metres when the basic length of the earth-moving machine to be tested is greater than 1,5 metres but not greater than 4 metres, -16 metres when the basic length of the earth-moving machine to be tested is greater than 4 metres. 6.4.2.Location and number of measuring points 6.4.2.1.General For measurements there are six measuring points, i.e. points 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 arranged as  defined in section 6.4.2.2 of Annex I to Directive 79/113/EEC. For testing the earth-moving machine, the geometrical centre of the basic machine is positioned  vertically above the centre of the hemisphere with the front of the machine facing measuring point  1. 7.1.1.Measurement of extraneous noise Only the backgound noise is to be taken into account for the purpose of corrections. 7.1.5.Presence of obstacles A visual check in a circular zone having a radius three times that of the measuring hemisphere and  the same centre is adequate to ensure that the provisions of the third subparagraph of section 6.3  of Annex I to Directive 79/113/EEC have been complied with. 7.2.If the sound-pressure levels at the measuring points are determined from readings taken from a  sonometer, there must be at least five such readings, taken at regular intervals. 8.5.Calculation of the sound-power level LWA Correcting factor K2 is zero. ANNEX II REAL, DYNAMIC METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF AIRBORNE NOISE EMITTED BY HYDRAULIC  EXCAVATORS, ROPE-OPERATED EXCAVATORS, DOZERS, LOADERS AND EXCAVATOR-LOADERSThe operating  conditions of the machine correspond either to normal working conditions or to conventional working  conditions producing, in principle, effects and stress similar to those undergone under actual  working conditions. The method of measurement will be established on the basis of experience and work already carried  out or under way both nationally within the Community and internationally. ANNEX III METHOD OF MEASUREMENT AT THE OPERATOR'S POSITION OF AIRBORNE NOISE EMITTED BY  HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS, ROPE-OPERATED EXCAVATORS, DOZERS, LOADERS AND EXCAVATOR-LOADERSThis method  of measurement applies to hydraulic excavators, rope-operated excavators, dozers, loaders and  excavator-loaders, hereinafter referred to as 'earth-moving machines'. It lays down the test  procedures for determining the equivalent continuous sound-pressure level at the operator's  position. These technical procedures comply with the requirements laid down in Annex II to Directive  79/113/EEC, as amended by Directive 81/1015/EEC, and the provisions of that Annex are applicable to  earth-moving machines subject to the following additions: 6.OPERATORS An operator must occupy the operator's position during the test. 6.2.1.Standing operator N°t applicable. 7.1.General The microphone must be located as specified in 7.3. 9.1.General The conditions for installing and operating the machine are those laid down in the method used for  measuring airborne noise emitted into the environment (Annex I or Annex II as appropriate). 9.2.Operation of machines with adjustable features N°ne of the adjustable features referred to in 9.2.1, except those mentioned in 9.2.2, is to be  taken into consideration. 10.2.2.Using the A-weighted sound-pressure level, LpA. If the measurement is taken with a sonometer, T is five seconds. The number of measurements is  five.  tabelle ms 19  ANNEX IV MODEL INFORMATION DOCUMENT FOR A TYPE OF EARTH-MOVING MACHINE1.General 1.1.Name and address of manufacturer (or authorized representative): . 1.2.Make (name of undertaking) . 1.3.Trade name: . 2.Machine 2.1.Type: . Series: . Number: . 2.2.Dimensions chart (Descriptive leaflet): . 2.3.Length (l): . 3.Technical data 3.1.Drive motor: . Make: . Type: . Number: . Net installed power: ............... kW ((1)) at ................. r.p.m. Other motors (if appropriate) Drive motor: . Make: . Type: . Number: . Net installed power: ............... kW ((1)) at ................. r.p.m. 3.2.Hydraulic pumps 3.2.1.Travelling equipment (...) Producer: . Type: . Series: . Number: . Pressure in service: . 3.2.2.Hydraulic system for the working equipment: . Producer: . 3.2.3.Cooling machinery for the hydraulic equipment: . 3.3.Description of the measures taken to attenuate the noise (with photos as far as possible): 4.Attach the descriptive trade leaflet, if any.  (1)Net power defined and determined in accordance with Annex I to Directive 80/1269/EEC  of 16 December 1980.  ANNEX V MODELS OF PLATE STATING THE SOUND-POWER AND SOUND-PRESSURE LEVELS AT THE  OPERATOR'S POSITION GUARANTEED BY THE MANUFACTURER>START OF GRAPHIC>100>END OF GRAPHIC>>START OF  GRAPHIC>100>END OF GRAPHIC> ANNEX VI TECHNICAL PROCEDURE FOR CHECKING THE CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION MODELS WITH THE  TYPE EXAMINEDThe conformity of production models with the type examined is, if possible, verified  by spot checks. >START OF GRAPHIC><?aa1B><?aeLM30,><?aa8K>Figure 1 <?aa6W><?aa8G>l = Basic length >END OF GRAPHIC>>START OF GRAPHIC><?aa8K>Figure 2 <?aa6W><?aa8G>l = Basic length >END OF GRAPHIC>