text:
 31.1.2009
 EN
 Official Journal of the European Union
 L 31/1
 Only the original UN/ECE texts have legal effect under international public law. The status and date of entry into force of this Regulation should be checked in the latest version of the UN/ECE status document TRANS/WP.29/343, available at: http://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29gen/wp29fdocstts.html
 Regulation No 3 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of retro-reflecting devices for power-driven vehicles and their trailers
 Revision 3
 Incorporating all valid text up to:
 Supplement 10 to the 02 series of amendments — Date of entry into force: 2 February 2007
 CONTENTS
 REGULATION
 1.
 Scope
 2.
 Definitions
 3.
 Application for approval
 4.
 Markings
 5.
 Approval
 6.
 General specifications
 7.
 Special specifications (tests)
 8.
 Conformity of production
 9.
 Penalties for non-conformity of production
 10.
 Production definitely discontinued
 11.
 Names and addresses of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments
 12.
 Transitional provisions
 ANNEXES
 Annex 1 —
 Retro-reflecting devices, symbols, units
 Annex 2 —
 Communication concerning the approval (or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitely discontinued) of a type of retro-reflecting device pursuant to Regulation No 3
 Annex 3 —
 Arrangements of approval marks
 Annex 4 —
 Test procedure — Class IA and Class IIIA
 Annex 5 —
 Specifications of shape and dimensions
 Appendix — Retro-reflectors for trailers — Classes IIIA and IIIB
 Annex 6 —
 Colorimetric specifications
 Annex 7 —
 Photometric specifications
 Annex 8 —
 Resistance to external agents
 Annex 9 —
 Stability in time of optical properties of retro-reflecting devices
 Annex 10 —
 Resistance to heat
 Annex 11 —
 Colour-fastness
 Annex 12 —
 Chronological order of tests
 Annex 13 —
 Resistance to impact — Class IVA
 Annex 14 —
 Test procedure — Class IVA
 Annex 15 —
 Chronological order of tests for Class IVA
 Annex 16 —
 Test procedure for Classes IB and IIIB devices
 Annex 17 —
 Minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures
 Annex 18 —
 Minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector
 1. SCOPE
 This Regulation applies to retro-reflecting devices (1) for vehicles of categories L, M, N, O, and T (2).
 2. DEFINITIONS (3)
 For the purpose of this Regulation,
 2.1.
 The definitions given in Regulation No 48 and its series of amendments in force at the time of application for type approval shall apply to this Regulation.
 2.2.
 ‘Retro-reflection’ means the reflection in which light is reflected in directions close to the direction from which it came. This property is maintained over wide variations of the illumination angle.
 2.3.
 ‘Retro-reflecting optical unit’ means a combination of optical components producing retro-reflection.
 2.4.
 ‘Retro-reflecting device’ (1) means an assembly ready for use and comprising one or more retro-reflecting optical units.
 2.5.
 ‘Angle of divergence’ means the angle between the straight lines connecting the centre of reference to the centre of the receiver and to the centre of the source of illumination.
 2.6.
 ‘Illumination angle’ means the angle between the axis of reference and the straight line connecting the centre of reference to the centre of the source of illumination.
 2.7.
 ‘Angle of rotation’ means the angle through which the retro-reflecting device is rotated about its axis of reference starting from one given position.
 2.8.
 ‘Angular diameter of the retro-reflecting device’ means the angle subtended by the greatest dimension of the visible area of the illuminating surface, either at the centre of the source of illumination or at the centre of the receiver.
 2.9.
 ‘Illumination of the retro-reflecting device’ is the abbreviated expression used conventionally to designate the illumination measured in a plane perpendicular to the incident rays and passing through the centre of reference.
 2.10.
 ‘Coefficient of luminous intensity (CIL)’ means the quotient of the luminous intensity reflected in the direction considered, divided by the illumination of the retro-reflecting device for given angles of illumination, divergence and rotation.
 2.11.
 The symbols and units used in this Regulation are given in Annex 1 to this Regulation.
 2.12.
 A type of ‘retro-reflecting device’ is defined by the models and descriptive literature submitted with the application for approval. Retro-reflecting devices can be considered as belonging to the same type if they have one or more ‘retro-reflecting optical units’ which are identical with those of the standard model, or if not identical are symmetrical and suitable for mounting one on the left and one on the right side of the vehicle, and if their other parts differ from those of the standard model only in ways not affecting the properties to which this Regulation applies.
 2.13.
 Retro-reflecting devices are divided into three classes according to their photometric characteristics: Class IA or IB, Class IIIA or IIIB, and Class IVA.
 2.14.
 Retro-reflecting devices of Class IB and IIIB are devices combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight according to Annex 7, paragraph 1.1, and which are integrated into the body of a vehicle.
 3. APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL
 3.1.
 The application for approval shall be submitted by the holder of the trade name or mark, or if necessary by his duly accredited representative.
 At the choice of the applicant, it will specify that the device may be installed on a vehicle with different inclinations of the reference axis in respect to the vehicle reference planes and to the ground or, in the case of Class IA, IB and IVA retro-reflectors, rotate around its reference axis; these different conditions of installation shall be indicated in the communication form. It shall be accompanied by:
 3.1.1.
 drawings, in triplicate, in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type, showing geometrically the position(s) in which the retro-reflecting device may be fitted to the vehicle, and in case of class IB or IIIB-retro-reflectors details of installation. The drawings must show the position intended for the approval number and class indicator in relation to the circle of the approval mark;
 3.1.2.
 a brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials of which the retro-reflecting optical unit is made;
 3.1.3.
 samples of the retro-reflecting device of a colour specified by the manufacturer and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in Annex 4 to this Regulation;
 3.1.4.
 if necessary, two samples in other colour(s) for simultaneous or subsequent extension of the approval to devices in other colour(s);
 3.1.5.
 in the case of devices of Class IVA: samples of the retro-reflecting device and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in Annex 14 to this Regulation.
 4. MARKINGS
 4.1.
 Every retro-reflecting device submitted for approval must bear:
 4.1.1.
 the trade name or mark of the applicant;
 4.1.2.
 the word ‘TOP’ inscribed horizontally on the highest part of the illuminating surface, if such an indication is necessary to determine without ambiguity the angle or angles of rotation prescribed by the manufacturer.
 4.2.
 A space of sufficient size to accommodate the approval mark shall be provided on every device. This space shall be shown on the drawings referred to in paragraph 3.1.1 above.
 4.3.
 The markings must be applied on the illuminating surface, or on one of the illuminating surfaces, of the retro-reflecting device and must be visible from the outside when the retro-reflecting device is fitted on the vehicle.
 4.4.
 The markings must be clearly legible and be indelible.
 5. APPROVAL
 5.1.
 If all the samples submitted meet the requirements of this Regulation, approval shall be granted.
 5.2.
 If the approval granted in respect of a retro-reflecting device is extended to other such devices differing only in colour, the two samples in any other colour submitted in conformity with paragraph 3.1.4 of this Regulation shall be required to meet only the colorimetric specifications (Annex 6), the other tests no longer being required. Paragraph 5.2 is not applicable to devices of Class IVA.
 5.3.
 An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits (at present 02, corresponding to the 02 series of amendments which entered into force on 1 July 1985) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. The same Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another type of retro-reflecting device covered by this Regulation except in the case of an extension of the approval to a device differing only in colour.
 5.4.
 Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval of a type of retro-reflecting device pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation.
 5.5.
 There shall be affixed to every retro-reflecting device conforming to a type approved under this Regulation, in the space referred to in paragraph 4.2 and in addition to the markings prescribed in paragraph 4.1.
 5.5.1.
 an international approval mark consisting of:
 5.5.1.1.
 a circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval (4);
 5.5.1.2.
 an approval number;
 5.5.1.3.
 a group of symbols IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB or IVA showing the class of the approved retro-reflecting device.
 5.6.
 When two or more lamps are part of the same unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps (including a retro-reflector), approval is granted only if each of these lamps satisfies the requirements of this Regulation or of another Regulation. Lamps not satisfying any one of those Regulations shall not be part of such a unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps.
 5.6.1.
 Where grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps comply with the requirements of several Regulations, a single international approval mark may be applied, consisting of a circle surrounding the letter ‘E’ followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted the approval, an approval number and, if necessary, the required arrow. This approval mark may be placed anywhere on the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps provided that:
 5.6.1.1.
 It is visible after their installation;
 5.6.1.2.
 No part of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps that transmits light can be removed without at the same time removing the approval mark.
 5.6.2.
 The identification symbol for each lamp appropriate to each Regulation under which approval has been granted, together with the corresponding series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval, shall be marked;
 5.6.2.1.
 Either on the appropriate light-emitting surface,
 5.6.2.2.
 Or in a group, in such a way that each lamp of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps may be clearly identified (see the possible examples shown in Annex 3).
 5.6.3.
 The size of the components of a single approval mark shall not be less than the minimum size required for the smallest of the individual marks by a Regulation under which approval has been granted.
 5.6.4.
 An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. The same Contracting Party may not assign the same number to another type of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps covered by this Regulation.
 5.7.
 The approval mark must be clearly legible and indelible.
 5.8.
 Annex 3 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks for a single lamp (figure 1) and for grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps (figure 2) with all the additional symbols referred to above.
 6. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
 6.1.
 Retro-reflecting devices must be so constructed that they function satisfactorily and will continue to do so in normal use. In addition, they must not have any defect in design or manufacture that is detrimental to their efficient operation or to their maintenance in good condition.
 6.2.
 The components of retro-reflecting devices must not be capable of being easily dismantled.
 6.3.
 Retro-reflecting optical units may not be replaceable.
 6.4.
 The outer surface of retro-reflecting devices must be easy to clean. Hence it must not be a rough surface; any protuberances it may exhibit must not prevent easy cleaning.
 6.5.
 For devices of Class IVA their means of fixation shall be such that they allow a stable and durable connection between the device and the vehicle.
 6.6.
 There shall be no access to the inner surface of the retro-reflectors when in normal use.
 7. SPECIAL SPECIFICATIONS (TESTS)
 7.1.
 Retro-reflecting devices must also satisfy the conditions as to dimensions and shape, and the colorimetric, photometric, physical and mechanical requirements set forth in Annexes 5 to 11 and 13 to this Regulation. The test procedures are described in Annex 4 (Class IA, IIIA), Annex 14 (Class IVA) and Annex 16 (Class IB, IIIB).
 7.2.
 Depending on the nature of the materials of which the retro-reflecting devices and, in particular, their optical units, are made, the competent authorities may authorise laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, subject to the express reservation that such omission must be mentioned under ‘Remarks’ on the form notifying approval.
 8. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
 The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the following requirements:
 8.1.
 Retro-reflectors approved under this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved by meeting the requirements set forth in paragraphs 6 and 7.
 8.2.
 The minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures set forth in Annex 17 to this Regulation shall be complied with.
 8.3.
 The minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector set forth in Annex 18 to this Regulation shall be complied with.
 8.4.
 The authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once every two years.
 9. PENALTIES FOR NON-CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION
 9.1.
 The approval granted for a type of retro-reflecting device may be withdrawn if the requirements are not complied with or if a retro-reflecting device bearing the approval mark does not conform to the type approved.
 9.2.
 If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation.
 10. PRODUCTION DEFINITELY DISCONTINUED
 If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of retro-reflecting device approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation.
 11. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF TECHNICAL SERVICES RESPONSIBLE FOR CONDUCTING APPROVAL TESTS, AND OF ADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENTS
 The Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations secretariat the names and addresses of the technical services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the administrative departments which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, issued in other countries, are to be sent.
 12. TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS
 The Contracting Parties applying this Regulation:
 12.1.
 Shall continue to recognise approvals issued for the former Classes I, II and III in respect of the fitting of retro-reflecting devices intended as replacement for vehicles in use;
 12.2.
 May issue approvals for Classes I and II on the basis of the original Regulation (document E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Add.2 of 23 September 1964) provided that the devices are intended as replacements for fitting to vehicles in use and that it would not be technically feasible for the devices in question to satisfy the photometric requirements for Class IA;
 12.3.
 May prohibit the fitting of retro-reflecting devices which do not meet the requirements of this Regulation:
 12.3.1.
 on vehicles for which type approval or individual approval was issued on or after 20 March 1984.
 12.3.2.
 on vehicles first brought into use on or after 20 March 1985.
 (1) Also called ‘retro-reflectors’.
 (2) As defined in Annex 7 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3) (document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.1/Amend.2 as last amended by Amend. 4).
 (3) The definitions of the technical terms (excluding the ones in Regulation No 48) are those adopted by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE).
 (4) 1 for Germany, 2 for France, 3 for Italy, 4 for the Netherlands, 5 for Sweden, 6 for Belgium, 7 for Hungary, 8 for the Czech Republic, 9 for Spain, 10 for Serbia, 11 for the United Kingdom, 12 for Austria, 13 for Luxembourg, 14 for Switzerland, 15 (vacant), 16 for Norway, 17 for Finland, 18 for Denmark, 19 for Romania, 20 for Poland, 21 for Portugal, 22 for the Russian Federation, 23 for Greece, 24 for Ireland, 25 for Croatia, 26 for Slovenia, 27 for Slovakia, 28 for Belarus, 29 for Estonia, 30 (vacant), 31 for Bosnia and Herzegovina, 32 for Latvia, 33 (vacant), 34 for Bulgaria, 35 (vacant), 36 for Lithuania, 37 for Turkey, 38 (vacant), 39 for Azerbaijan, 40 for The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 41 (vacant), 42 for the European Community (Approvals are granted by its Member States using their respective ECE symbol), 43 for Japan, 44 (vacant), 45 for Australia, 46 for Ukraine, 47 for South Africa, 48 for New Zealand, 49 for Cyprus, 50 for Malta, 51 for the Republic of Korea, 52 for Malaysia, 53 for Thailand, 54 and 55 (vacant) and 56 for Montenegro. Subsequent numbers shall be assigned to other countries in the chronological order in which they ratify or accede to the Agreement Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Technical Prescriptions for Wheeled Vehicles, Equipment and Parts which can be Fitted and/or be Used on Wheeled Vehicles and the Conditions for Reciprocal Recognition of Approvals Granted on the Basis of these Prescriptions, and the numbers thus assigned shall be communicated by the Secretary-General of the United Nations to the contracting parties to the Agreement.
 ANNEX 1
 RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES
 Symbols and units
 A
 =
 Area of the illuminating surface of the retro-reflecting device (cm2)
 C
 =
 Centre of reference
 NC
 =
 Axis of reference
 Rr
 =
 Receiver, observer or measuring device
 Cr
 =
 Centre of receiver
 Ør
 =
 Diameter of receiver Rr if circular (cm)
 Se
 =
 Source of illumination
 Cs
 =
 Centre of source of illumination
 Øs
 =
 Diameter of source of illumination (cm)
 De
 =
 Distance from centre Cs to centre C (m)
 D′e
 =
 Distance from centre Cr to centre C (m)
 Note:
 In general, De and D′e are very nearly the same and under normal conditions of observation it may be assumed that De = D′e.
 D
 =
 Observation distance from and from beyond which the illuminating surface appears to be continuous
 a
 =
 Angle of divergence
 β
 =
 Illumination angle. With respect to the line CsC which is always considered to be horizontal, this angle is prefixed by the signs - (left), + (right), + (up) or - (down), according to the position of the source Se in relation to the axis NC, as seen when looking towards the retro-reflecting device. For any direction defined by two angles, vertical and horizontal, the vertical angle is always given first.
 γ
 =
 Angular diameter of the measuring device Rr as seen from point C
 δ
 =
 Angular diameter of the source Se as seen from point C
 ε
 =
 Angle of rotation. This angle is positive when the rotation is clockwise as seen when looking towards the illuminating surface. If the retro-reflecting device is marked ‘TOP’, the position thus indicated is taken as the origin.
 E
 =
 Illumination of the retro-reflecting device (lux)
 CIL
 =
 Coefficient of luminous intensity (millicandelas/lux)
 Angles are expressed in degrees and minutes.
 RETRO-REFLECTORS
 Symbols
 ANNEX 2
 ANNEX 3
 EXAMPLES OF APPROVAL MARKS
 Figure 1
 Marking for single lamps
 MODEL A
 MODEL B
 MODEL C
 Note:
 The above approval number must be placed close to, but in any position in relation to, the circle surrounding the letter ‘E’. The digits constituting the approval number must face the same way as the ‘E’. The group of symbols indicating the class must be diametrically opposite the approval number. The competent authorities shall avoid using approval numbers IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA which might be confused with the class symbols IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA.
 These sketches show various possible arrangements and are given as examples only.
 The above approval mark affixed to a retro-reflecting device shows that the type of device concerned has been approved in the Netherlands (E4) under approval number 02216. The approval number shows that approval was granted in accordance with the requirements of the Regulation as modified by the 02 series of amendments.
 Figure 2
 Simplified marking for grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps
 MODEL D
 MODEL E
 MODEL F
 Note:
 The three examples of approval marks, models D, E and F, represent three possible variants of the marking of a lighting device when two or more lamps are part of the same unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps. This approval mark shows that the device was approved in the Netherlands (E4) under approval number 3333 and comprising:
 A retro-reflector of Class IA approved in accordance with the 02 series of amendments to Regulation No 3;
 A rear direction indicator of category 2a approved in accordance with Regulation No 6 in its original form;
 A red rear position lamp (R) approved in accordance with the 01 series of amendments to Regulation No 7;
 A rear fog lamp (F) approved in accordance with Regulation No 38 in its original form;
 A reversing lamp (AR) approved in accordance with Regulation No 23 in its original form;
 A stop lamp with two levels of illumination (S2) approved in accordance with the 01 series of amendments to Regulation No 7.
 ANNEX 4
 TEST PROCEDURE — CLASS IA AND CLASS IIIA
 1.
 The applicant shall submit for approval 10 samples which shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in Annex 12.
 2.
 After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 6 of the Regulation) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the 10 samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 10 to this Regulation and at least one hour after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics (Annex 6) and CIL (Annex 7) for an angle of divergence of 20′ and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or if necessary, in the position defined in Annex 7, paragraphs 4 and 4.1. The two retro-reflecting devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in Annex 7. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary. The other eight samples shall be divided into four groups of two:
 First group:
 The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water penetration test (Annex 8, paragraph 1.1) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricants (Annex 8, paragraphs 3 and 4).
 Second group:
 The two samples shall, if necessary, be subjected to the corrosion test (Annex 8, paragraph 2), and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflecting device (Annex 8, paragraph 5).
 Third group:
 The two samples shall be subjected to the test for stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflecting device (Annex 9).
 Fourth group:
 The two samples shall be subjected to the colour-fastness test (Annex 11).
 3.
 After undergoing the tests referred to in the above paragraph, the retro-reflecting devices in each group must have:
 3.1.
 a colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 6. This shall be verified by a qualitative method and, in case of doubt, confirmed by a quantitative method.
 3.2.
 a CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 7. The verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20′ and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the position specified in Annex 7, paragraphs 4 and 4.1.
 ANNEX 5
 SPECIFICATIONS OF SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS
 1. SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS OF RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES IN CLASS IA OR IB
 1.1.
 The shape of the illuminating surfaces must be simple, and not easily confused at normal observation distances, with a letter, a digit or a triangle.
 1.2.
 The preceding paragraph notwithstanding, a shape resembling the letters or digits of simple form O, I, U or 8 is permissible.
 2. SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS OF RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES IN CLASSES IIIA AND IIIB (see appendix to this Annex)
 2.1.
 The illuminating surfaces of retro-reflecting devices in Classes IIIA and IIIB must have the shape or an equilateral triangle. If the word ‘TOP’ is inscribed in one corner, the apex of that corner must be directed upwards.
 2.2.
 The illuminating surface may or may not have at its centre a triangular, non-retro-reflecting area, with sides parallel to those of the outer triangle.
 2.3.
 The illuminating surface may or may not be continuous. In any case, the shortest distance between two adjacent retro-reflecting optical units must not exceed 15 mm.
 2.4.
 The illuminating surface of a retro-reflecting device shall be considered to be continuous if the edges of the illuminating surfaces of adjacent separate optical units are parallel and if the said optical units are evenly distributed over the whole solid surface of the triangle.
 2.5.
 If the illuminated surface is not continuous, the number of separate retro-reflecting optical units including the corner units shall not be less than four on each side of the triangle.
 2.5.1.
 The separate retro-reflecting optical units shall not be replaceable unless they consist of approved retro-reflecting devices in Class IA.
 2.6.
 The outside edges of the illuminating surfaces of triangular retro-reflecting devices in Classes IIIA and IIIB shall be between 150 and 200 mm long. In the case of devices of hollow-triangle type, the width of the sides, measured at right angles to the latter, shall be equal to at least 20 % of the effective length between the extremities of the illuminating surface.
 3. SHAPE AND DIMENSIONS OF RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES IN CLASS IVA
 3.1.
 The shape of the light emitting surfaces must be simple and not easily confused at normal observation distances with a letter, a digit or a triangle. However, a shape resembling the letters and digits of simple form, O, I, U and 8 is permissible.
 3.2.
 The light emitting surface of the retro-reflecting device must be at least 25 cm2.
 4.
 Compliance with the above specifications shall be verified by visual inspection.
 Appendix
 RETRO-REFLECTORS FOR TRAILERS — CLASSES IIIA AND IIIB
 Note: These sketches are for illustration purposes only.
 ANNEX 6
 COLORIMETRIC SPECIFICATIONS
 1.
 These specifications shall apply only to clear, red or amber retro-reflecting devices.
 1.1.
 Retro-reflecting devices may consist of a combined retro-reflecting optical unit and filter, which must be so designed that they cannot be separated under normal conditions of use.
 1.2.
 The colouring of retro-reflecting optical units and filters by means of paint or varnish is not permitted.
 2.
 When the retro-reflecting device is illuminated by ICI standard illuminant A, with an angle of divergence of 1/3° and an illumination angle of V = H = 0°, or, if this produces a colourless surface reflection, an angle V = ± 5°, H = 0°, the trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the following limits: ≤
 Red:
 limit towards yellow:
 y ≤ 0,335
 limit towards purple:
 y ≥ 0,980 - x
 Amber:
 limit towards green:
 y ≤ x - 0,120
 limit towards red:
 y ≥ 0,390
 limit towards white:
 y ≥ 0,790 - 6,670 x
 2.1.
 In the case of red and amber, compliance with the colorimetric specifications shall be verified by a visual comparison test.
 2.2.
 If any doubt remains after this test, compliance with the colorimetric specifications shall be verified by determining the trichromatic coordinates of the most doubtful sample.
 3.
 Clear retro-reflecting devices must not produce a selective reflection, that is to say, the trichromatic coordinates ‘x’ and ‘y’ of the standard illuminant ‘A’ used to illuminate the retro-reflecting device must not undergo a change of more than 0,01 after reflection by the retro-reflecting device.
 3.1.
 This shall be verified by the visual comparison test indicated above, the control field being illuminated by a light source of which the trichromatic coordinates differ by 0,01 from that of standard illuminant A.
 3.2.
 In case of doubt, the trichromatic coordinates for the most selective sample shall be determined.
 ANNEX 7
 PHOTOMETRIC SPECIFICATIONS
 1.
 When applying for approval, the applicant shall specify one or more or a range of axis of reference, corresponding to the illumination angle V = H = 0° in the table of coefficients of luminous intensity (CIL).
 In the case where more than one or a range of different axis of reference are specified by the manufacturer, the photometric measurements shall be repeated making reference each time to a different axis of reference or to the extreme axis of reference of the range specified by the manufacturer.
 2.
 For photometric measurements, only the illuminating surface defined by the planes contiguous to the outermost parts of the optical system of the retro-reflecting device as indicated by the manufacturer and contained within a circle of 200 mm diameter for Class IA or IB shall be considered, and the illuminating surface itself shall be limited to 100 cm2 though the surfaces of the retro-reflecting optical units need not necessarily attain this area. The manufacturer shall specify the perimeter of the area to be used. In the case of Class IIIA, Class IIIB and Class IVA, the whole of the illuminating surfaces shall be considered without limitation as to size.
 3.
 CIL values
 3.1.
 Class IA, Class IB, Class IIIA and Class IIIB
 3.1.1.
 The CIL values for red retro-reflecting devices must be at least equal to those in the table below, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown.
 Class
 Angle of divergence
 α
 Illumination angles (in degrees)
 Vertical V
 0°
 ± 10°
 ±5
 Horizontal H
 0°
 0°
 ± 20°
 IA, IB
 20′
 300
 200
 100
 1°30′
 5
 2,8
 2,5
 IIIA, IIIB
 20′
 450
 200
 150
 1°30′
 12
 8
 8
 CIL values lower than those shown in the last two columns of the above table are not permissible within the solid angle having the reference centre as its apex and bounded by the planes intersecting along the following lines:
 (V = ± 10°, H = 0°)
 (V = ± 5°, H = ± 20°).
 3.1.2.
 CIL values for amber retro-reflecting devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in the table of paragraph 3.1.1 multiplied by the coefficient 2.5.
 3.1.3.
 CIL values for colourless retro-reflecting devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in the table of paragraph 3.1.1 multiplied by the coefficient 4.
 3.2.
 For devices of Class IVA the CIL values must be at least equal to those in the table below, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown.
 Colour
 Angle of divergence
 α
 Illumination angles (in degrees)
 Vertical V
 0
 ± 10
 0
 0
 0
 0
 Horizontal H
 0
 0
 ± 20
 ± 30
 ± 40
 ± 50
 White
 20′
 1,800
 1,200
 610
 540
 470
 400
 1°30′
 34
 24
 15
 15
 15
 15
 Amber
 20′
 1,125
 750
 380
 335
 290
 250
 1°30′
 21
 15
 10
 10
 10
 10
 Red
 20′
 450
 300
 150
 135
 115
 100
 1°30′
 9
 6
 4
 4
 4
 4
 4.
 When the CIL of a retro-reflecting device is measured for an angle β of V = H = 0°, it shall be ascertained whether any mirror effect is produced by slightly turning the device. If there is any such effect, a reading shall be taken with an angle β of V = ± 5°, H = 0°. The position adopted shall be that corresponding to the minimum CIL for one of these positions.
 4.1.
 With an illumination angle β of V = H = 0°, or the angle specified in paragraph 4 above, and an angle of divergence of 20′, retro-reflecting devices which are not marked ‘TOP’ shall be rotated about their axes of reference to the position of minimum CIL, which must conform to the value specified in paragraph 3. When the CIL is measured for the other angles of illumination and divergence, the retro-reflecting device shall be placed in the position corresponding to this value of ε. If the specified values are not attained, the device may be rotated about its axis of reference ± 5° from that position.
 4.2.
 With an illumination angle β of V = H = 0°, or the angle specified in paragraph 4 above, and an angle of divergence of 20′, retro-reflecting devices marked ‘TOP’ shall be rotated about their axes ± 5°. The CIL must not fall below the prescribed value in any position assumed by the device during this rotation.
 4.3.
 If for the direction V = H = 0°, and for ε = 0° the CIL exceeds the specified value by 50 % or more, all measurements for all angles of illumination and divergence shall be made for ε = 0°.
 ANNEX 8
 RESISTANCE TO EXTERNAL AGENTS
 1. RESISTANCE TO WATER AND DIRT PENETRATION
 1.1. Water submersion test
 1.1.1.
 Retro-reflecting devices whether part of a lamp or not, shall be stripped of all removable parts and immersed for 10 minutes in water at a temperature of 50 ± 5 °C, the highest point of the upper part of the illuminating surface being 20 mm below the surface of the water. This test shall be repeated after turning the retro-reflecting device through 180°, so that the illuminating surface is at the bottom and the rear face is covered by about 20 mm of water. These optical units shall then be immediately immersed in the same conditions in water at a temperature of 25 ± 5 °C.
 1.1.2.
 No water shall penetrate to the reflecting surface of the retro-reflecting optical unit. If visual inspection clearly reveals the presence of water, the device shall not be considered to have passed the test.
 1.1.3.
 If visual inspection does not reveal the presence of water or in case of doubt, the CIL shall be measured by the method described in Annex 6, paragraph 3.2, or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2, the retro-reflecting device being first lightly shaken to remove excess water from the outside.
 1.2. Alternative test procedure for Classes IB and IIIB devices
 As an alternative, at the request of the manufacturer, the following test (moisture and dust test) shall be applied instead of the submersion-test specified in paragraph 1.1.
 1.2.1. Moisture test
 The test evaluates the ability of the sample device to resist moisture penetration from a water spray and determines the drainage capability of those devices with drain holes or other exposed openings in the device.
 1.2.1.1. Water spray test equipment
 A water spray cabinet with the following characteristics shall be used:
 1.2.1.1.1. Cabinet
 The cabinet shall be equipped with a nozzle(s) which provides a solid cone water spray of sufficient angle to completely cover the sample device. The centreline of the nozzle(s) shall be directed downward at an angle of 45° ± 5° to the vertical axis of a rotating test platform.
 1.2.1.1.2. Rotating test platform
 The rotating test platform shall have a minimum diameter of 140 mm and rotate about a vertical axis in the centre of the cabinet.
 1.2.1.1.3. Precipitation rate
 The precipitation rate of the water spray at the device shall be 2,5 (+ 1,6/-0) mm/min as measured with a vertical cylindrical collector centred on the vertical axis of the rotating test platform. The height of the collector shall be 100 mm and the inside diameter shall be a minimum of 140 mm.
 1.2.1.2. Water spray test procedure
 A sample device mounted on a test fixture, with initial CIL measured and recorded shall be subjected to a water spray as follows:
 1.2.1.2.1. Device openings
 All drain holes and other openings shall remain open. Drain wicks, when used, shall be tested in the device.
 1.2.1.2.2. Rotational speed
 The device shall be rotated about its vertical axis at a rate of 4,0 ± 0,5 min-1.
 1.2.1.2.3. If the retro-reflector is reciprocally incorporated or grouped with signalling or lighting functions, these functions shall be operated at design voltage according to a cycle of 5 min ON (in flashing mode, where appropriate), 55 min OFF.
 1.2.1.2.4. Test duration
 The water spray test shall last 12 h (12 cycles of 5/55 min).
 1.2.1.2.5. Drain period
 The rotation and the water spray shall be turned OFF and the device allowed to drain for 1 h with the cabinet door closed.
 1.2.1.2.6. Sample evaluation
 Upon completion of the drain period. The interior of the device shall be observed for moisture accumulation. No standing pool of water shall be allowed to be formed, or which can be formed by tapping or tilting the device. The CIL shall be measured according to the method specified in Annex 4, paragraph 3.2 after having dried the exterior of the device with a dry cotton cloth.
 1.2.2. Dust exposure test
 This test evaluates the ability of the sample device to resist dust penetration which could significantly affect the photometric output of the retro-reflector.
 1.2.2.1. Dust exposure test equipment
 The following equipment shall be used to test for dust exposure:
 1.2.2.1.1. Dust exposure test chamber
 The interior of the test chamber shall be cubical in shape in size 0,9 to 1,5 m per side. The bottom may be ‘hopper shaped’ to aid in collecting the dust. The internal chamber volume, not including a ‘hopper shaped’ bottom shall be 2 m3 maximum and shall be charged with 3 to 5 kg of the test dust. The chamber shall have the capability of agitating the test dust by means of compressed air or blower fans in such a way that the dust is diffused throughout the chamber.
 1.2.2.1.2. The dust
 The test dust used shall be fine powdered cement in accordance with standard ASTM C 150-84 (1).
 1.2.2.2. Dust exposure test procedure
 A sample device, mounted on a test fixture, with the initial CIL measured and recorded, shall be exposed to dust as follows:
 1.2.2.2.1. Device openings
 All drain holes and other openings shall remain open. Drain wicks, when used, shall be tested in the device.
 1.2.2.2.2. Dust exposure
 The mounted device shall be placed in the dust chamber no closer than 150 mm from a wall. Devices with a length exceeding 600 mm shall be horizontally centred in the test chamber. The test dust shall be agitated as completely as possible by compressed air or blower(s) at intervals of 15 min for a period of 2 to 15 s for the duration of 5 hours. The dust shall be allowed to settle between the agitation periods.
 1.2.2.2.3. Measured sample evaluation
 Upon completion of the dust exposure test, the exterior of the device shall be cleaned and dried with a dry cotton cloth and the CIL measured according to the method specified in Annex 4, paragraph 3.2.
 2. RESISTANCE TO CORROSION
 2.1.
 Retro-reflecting devices must be so designed that they retain the prescribed photometric and colorimetric characteristics despite the humidity and corrosive influences to which they are normally exposed. The resistance of the front surface to tarnishing and of the protection of the rear face to deterioration shall be checked, particularly when an essential metal component seems liable to be attacked.
 2.2.
 The retro-reflecting device, or the lamp if the device is combined with a light, shall be stripped of all removable parts and subjected to the action of a saline mist for a period of 50 hours, comprising two periods of exposure of 24 hours each, separated by an interval of two hours during which the sample is allowed to dry.
 2.3.
 The saline mist shall be produced by atomising, at a temperature of 35 ± 2 °C, a saline solution obtained by dissolving 20 ± 2 parts by weight of sodium chloride in 80 parts of distilled water containing not more than 0,02 % of impurities.
 2.4.
 Immediately after completion of the test, the sample must not show signs of excessive corrosion liable to impair the efficiency of the device.
 3. RESISTANCE TO FUELS
 The outer surface of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, of the illuminating surface, shall be lightly wiped with a cotton cloth soaked in a mixture of 70 vol % of n-heptane and 30 vol % of toluol. After about five minutes, the surface shall be inspected visually. It must not show any apparent surface changes, except that slight surface cracks will not be objected to.
 4. RESISTANCE TO LUBRICATING OILS
 The outer surface of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, the illuminating surface, shall be lightly wiped with a cotton cloth soaked in a detergent lubricating oil. After about five minutes, the surface shall be cleaned. The CIL shall then be measured (Annex 4, paragraph 3.2 or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2).
 5. RESISTANCE OF THE ACCESSIBLE REAR FACE OF MIRROR-BACKED RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES
 5.1.
 After having brushed the rear face of the retro-reflecting device with a hard nylon brush, a cotton cloth soaked in the mixture, defined in paragraph 3 shall be applied to the said rear face for one minute. The cotton cloth is then removed and the retro-reflecting device left to dry.
 5.2.
 As soon as evaporation is completed, an abrasion test shall be made by brushing the rear face with the same nylon brush as before.
 5.3.
 The CIL shall then be measured (Annex 4, paragraph 3.2 or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2) after the whole surface of the mirror-backed rear face has been covered with Indian ink.
 (1) American society for Testing and Materials.
 ANNEX 9
 STABILITY IN TIME OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES (1) OF RETRO-REFLECTING DEVICES
 1.
 The authority which granted approval shall have the right to check the stability in time of the optical properties of a type of retro-reflecting device in service.
 2.
 The competent authorities of countries other than the country in which approval was granted may carry out similar checks in their territory. If a type of retro-reflector in use exhibits a systematic defect, the said authorities shall transmit any components removed for examination to the authority which granted approval, with a request for its opinion.
 3.
 In the absence of other criteria, the concept of ‘systematic defect’ of a type of retro-reflector in use shall be interpreted in conformity with the intention of paragraph 6.1 of this Regulation.
 (1) Despite the importance of tests to check the stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflecting devices, it is in the present state of the art not yet possible to assess this stability by laboratory tests of limited duration.
 ANNEX 10
 RESISTANCE TO HEAT
 1.
 The retro-reflecting device shall be kept for 48 consecutive hours in a dry atmosphere at a temperature of 65 ± 2 °C.
 2.
 After this test, no cracking or appreciable distortion of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, of its optical component must be visible.
 ANNEX 11
 COLOUR-FASTNESS (1)
 1.
 The authority which granted approval shall have the right to check the colour-fastness of a type of retro-reflecting device in service.
 2.
 The competent authorities of countries other than the country in which approval was granted may carry out similar checks in their territory. If a type of retro-reflector in use exhibits a systematic defect, the said authorities shall transmit any components removed for examination to the authority which granted approval, with a request for its opinion.
 3.
 In the absence of other criteria, the concept ‘systematic defect’ of a type of retro-reflector in use shall be interpreted in conformity with the intention of paragraph 9.1 of this Regulation.
 (1) Despite the importance of tests to check the colour-fastness of retro-reflecting devices, it is in the present state of the art not yet possible to assess colour-fastness by laboratory tests of limited duration.
 ANNEX 12
 CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF TESTS
 Number of Annex
 Number of paragraph (1)
 TESTS
 SAMPLES
 a
 b
 c
 d
 e
 f
 g
 h
 i
 j
 -
 6
 General specifications: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 5
 -
 Shapes and dimensions: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 10
 -
 Heat:
 48 h at 65 ± 2 °C
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 Visual inspection for distortion
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 6
 -
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 7
 -
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 7
 3
 Complete photometry
 x
 x
 8
 1
 Water:
 10 min. in normal position
 x
 x
 10 min. in inverted position
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 4
 3.1
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 x
 4
 3.2
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 8
 3
 Motor fuels:
 5 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 8
 4
 Oils:
 5 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 4
 3.1
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 x
 4
 3.2
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 8
 2
 Corrosion:
 24 hours
 x
 x
 2 hours interval
 x
 x
 24 hours
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 8
 5
 Rear face:
 1 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 4
 3.1
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 x
 4
 3.2
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 9
 -
 Stability in time
 4
 3.1
 Colorimetry:
 Visual inspection or
 trichromatic coordinates
 4
 3.2
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 11
 -
 Colour-fastness
 4
 3.1
 Colorimetry:
 Visual inspection or
 trichromatic coordinates
 4
 3.2
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 4
 2
 Deposit of samples with administration
 x
 x
 (1) of the Regulation.
 ANNEX 13
 RESISTANCE TO IMPACT — CLASS IVA
 1.
 The retro-reflecting device shall be mounted in a manner similar to the way in which it is mounted on the vehicle, but with the lens faced horizontal and directed upwards.
 2.
 Drop a 13 mm diameter polished solid steel ball, once, vertically onto the central part of the lens from a height of 0,76 m. The ball may be guided but not restricted in free fall.
 3.
 When a retro-reflecting device is tested at room temperature with this method, the lens shall not crack.
 ANNEX 14
 TEST PROCEDURE — CLASS IVA
 1.
 The applicant shall submit for approval 10 samples which shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in Annex 15.
 2.
 After verification of the specifications in paragraphs 6.1 to 6.5 and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the 10 samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test (Annex 10) and one hour minimum after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics (Annex 6) and CIL (Annex 7) for an angle of divergence of 20′ and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions defined in Annex 7. The two retro-reflecting devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in Annex 7. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary.
 3.
 Four samples out of the remaining eight samples shall be selected at random and divided into two groups of two in each group.
 First group:
 The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water-penetration resistance test (Annex 8, paragraph 1) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricating oils (Annex 8, paragraphs 3 and 4).
 Second group:
 The two samples shall, if relevant, be subjected to the corrosion test (Annex 8, paragraph 2), and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflecting device (Annex 8, paragraph 5). These two samples shall also be subjected to the impact test (Annex 13).
 4.
 After undergoing the tests referred to in the above paragraph, the retro-reflecting devices in each group must have:
 4.1.
 A colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 6. This shall be verified by a qualitative method and, in case of doubt, confirmed by a quantitative method;
 4.2.
 A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 7. Verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20′ and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions specified in Annex 7.
 5.
 The four remaining samples can be utilised, if necessary, for any other purpose.
 ANNEX 15
 CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF TESTS FOR CLASS IVA
 Number of Annex
 Number of paragraph (1)
 TESTS
 SAMPLES
 a
 b
 c
 d
 e
 f
 g
 h
 i
 j
 -
 6
 General specifications: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 5
 -
 Shape and dimensions: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 10
 -
 Heat:
 48 h at 65 ± 20 °C
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 Visual inspection for distortion
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 6
 -
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 7
 -
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 x
 8
 -
 Complete photometry
 x
 x
 8
 1
 Water:
 10 min. in normal position
 x
 x
 10 min. in inverted position
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 8
 3
 Motor fuels:
 5 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 8
 4
 Oils:
 5 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 6
 -
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 x
 7
 -
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 8
 2
 Corrosion:
 24 hours
 x
 x
 2 hours' interval
 x
 x
 24 hours
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 8
 5
 Rear face:
 1 min.
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 13
 -
 Impact
 x
 x
 visual inspection
 x
 x
 6
 -
 Colorimetry: visual inspection
 x
 x
 Trichromatic coordinates in case of doubt
 x
 x
 7
 -
 Photometry: limited to 20′ and V = H = 0°
 x
 x
 4
 2
 Deposit of samples with administration
 x
 x
 (1) of the Regulation.
 ANNEX 16
 TEST PROCEDURE FOR CLASSES IB AND IIIB DEVICES
 Retro-reflecting devices of Classes IB and IIIB shall be tested according to the test procedures specified in Annex 4, following the chronological order of tests given in Annex 12, with the exception of the test according to Annex 8, paragraph 1, which for Classes IB and IIIB devices may be replaced by the test specified in Annex 8, paragraph 1.2.
 ANNEX 17
 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION CONTROL PROCEDURES
 1. GENERAL
 1.1.
 The conformity requirements shall be considered satisfied from a mechanical and geometric standpoint, if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations within the requirements of this Regulation.
 1.2.
 With respect to photometric performances, the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any retro-reflector chosen at random no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 % from the minimum values prescribed in this Regulation.
 1.3.
 The chromaticity coordinates shall be complied with.
 2. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR VERIFICATION OF CONFORMITY BY THE MANUFACTURER
 For each type of retro-reflector the holder of the approval mark shall carry out at least the following tests, at appropriate intervals. The tests shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation.
 If any sampling shows non-conformity with regard to the type of test concerned, further samples shall be taken and tested. The manufacturer shall take steps to ensure the conformity of the production concerned.
 2.1. Nature of tests
 Tests of conformity in this Regulation shall cover the photometric and colorimetric characteristics and the resistance to penetration of water.
 2.2. Methods used in tests
 2.2.1.
 Tests shall generally be carried out in accordance with the methods set out in this Regulation.
 2.2.2.
 In any test of conformity carried out by the manufacturer, equivalent methods may be used with the consent of the competent authority responsible for approval tests. The manufacturer is responsible for proving that the applied methods are equivalent to those laid down in this Regulation.
 2.2.3.
 The application of paragraphs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 requires regular calibration of test apparatus and its correlation with measurements made by a competent authority.
 2.2.4.
 In all cases the reference methods shall be those of this Regulation, particularly for the purpose of administrative verification and sampling.
 2.3. Nature of sampling
 Samples of retro-reflectors shall be selected at random from the production of a uniform batch. A uniform batch means a set of retro-reflectors of the same type, defined according to the production methods of the manufacturer.
 The assessment shall in general cover series production from individual factories. However, a manufacturer may group together records concerning the same type from several factories, provided these operate under the same quality system and quality management.
 2.4. Measured and recorded photometric characteristics
 The sampled retro-reflector shall be subjected to photometric measurements at the points and the chromaticity coordinates provided for in the Regulation.
 2.5. Criteria governing acceptability
 The manufacturer is responsible for carrying out a statistical study of the test results and for defining, in agreement with the competent authority, criteria governing the acceptability of his products in order to meet the specifications laid down for the verification of conformity of products in paragraph 8.1 of this Regulation.
 The criteria governing the acceptability shall be such that, with a confidence level of 95 %, the minimum probability of passing a spot check in accordance with Annex 18 (first sampling) would be 0,95.
 ANNEX 18
 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR SAMPLING BY AN INSPECTOR
 1. GENERAL
 1.1.
 The conformity requirements shall be considered satisfied from a mechanical and a geometric standpoint, in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation, if any, if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations.
 1.2.
 With respect to photometric performance, the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any retro-reflector chosen at random:
 1.2.1.
 no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 % from the minimum values prescribed in this Regulation.
 1.2.2.
 Retro-reflectors with apparent defects are disregarded.
 1.3.
 The chromaticity coordinates shall be complied with.
 2. FIRST SAMPLING
 In the first sampling four retro-reflectors are selected at random. The first sample of two is marked A, the second sample of two is marked B.
 2.1. The conformity is not contested
 2.1.1.
 Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if the deviation of the measured values of the retro-reflectors in the unfavourable directions are:
 2.1.1.1.
 sample A
 A1:
 one retro-reflector
 0 %
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 A2:
 both retro-reflectors more than
 0 %
 but not more than
 20 %
 go to sample B
 2.1.1.2.
 sample B
 B1:
 both retro-reflectors
 0 %
 2.2. The conformity is contested
 2.2.1.
 Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall be contested and the manufacturer requested to make his production meet the requirements (alignment) if the deviations of the measured values of the retro-reflectors are:
 2.2.1.1.
 sample A
 A3:
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 20 %
 but not more than
 30 %
 2.2.1.2.
 sample B
 B2:
 in the case of A2
 one retro-reflector more than
 0 %
 but not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 B3:
 in the case of A2
 one retro-reflector
 0 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 20 %
 but not more than
 30 %
 2.3. Approval withdrawn
 Conformity shall be contested and paragraph 9 applied if, following the sampling procedure in Figure 1 of this Annex, the deviations of the measured values of the retro-reflectors are:
 2.3.1.
 sample A
 A4:
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 30 %
 A5:
 both retro-reflectors more than
 20 %
 2.3.2.
 sample B
 B4:
 in the case of A2
 one retro-reflector more than
 0 %
 but not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 20 %
 B5:
 in the case of A2
 both retro-reflectors more than
 20 %
 B6:
 in the case of A2
 one retro-reflector
 0 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 30 %
 3. REPEATED SAMPLING
 In the cases of A3, B2, B3 a repeated sampling, third sample C of two retro-reflectors and fourth sample D of two retro-reflectors, selected from stock manufactured after alignment, is necessary within two months' time after the notification.
 3.1. The conformity is not contested
 3.1.1.
 Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if the deviations of the measured values of the retro-reflectors are:
 3.1.1.1.
 sample C
 C1:
 one retro-reflector
 0 %
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 C2:
 both retro-reflectors more than
 0 %
 but not more than
 20 %
 go to sample D
 3.1.1.2.
 sample D
 D1:
 in the case of C2
 both retro-reflectors
 0 %
 3.2. The conformity is contested
 3.2.1.
 Following the sampling procedure shown in Figure 1 of this Annex the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall be contested and the manufacturer requested to make his production meet the requirements (alignment) if the deviations of the measured values of the retro-reflectors are:
 3.2.1.1.
 sample D
 D2:
 in the case of C2
 one retro-reflector more than
 0 %
 but not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 3.3. Approval withdrawn
 Conformity shall be contested and paragraph 9 applied if, following the sampling procedure in Figure 1 of this Annex, the deviations of the measured values of the retro-reflectors are:
 3.3.1.
 sample C
 C3:
 one retro-reflector not more than
 20 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 20 %
 C4:
 both retro-reflectors more than
 20 %
 3.3.2.
 sample D
 D3:
 in the case of C2
 one retro-reflector 0 or more than
 0 %
 one retro-reflector more than
 20 %
 4. RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION OF WATER
 With respect to the verification of the resistance to penetration of water, the following procedure shall be applied:
 One of the retro-reflectors of sample A, after sampling procedure in Figure 1 of this Annex, shall be tested according to the procedure described in paragraph 1 of Annex 8 respectively paragraph 3 of Annex 14 for Class IVA reflectors.
 The retro-reflectors shall be considered as acceptable if the test has been passed.
 However, if the test on sample A is not complied with, the two retro-reflectors of sample B shall be subjected to the same procedure and both shall pass the test.
 Figure 1


type: contracts

jurisdiction: EU

text:
 Avis juridique important
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 22004D0023
 Afgørelse truffet af Det Blandede EØS-udvalg nr. 23/2004 af 19. marts 2004 om ændring af bilag II (tekniske forskrifter, standarder, prøvning og certificering) til EØS-aftalen
 EU-Tidende nr. L 127 af 29/04/2004 s. 0128 - 0129
 Afgørelse truffet af Det Blandede EØS-udvalgnr. 23/2004af 19. marts 2004om ændring af bilag II (tekniske forskrifter, standarder, prøvning og certificering) til EØS-aftalenDET BLANDEDE EØS-UDVALG HAR -under henvisning til aftalen om Det Europæiske Økonomiske Samarbejdsområde som ændret ved protokollen om tilpasning af aftalen om Det Europæiske Økonomiske Samarbejdsområde, i det følgende benævnt "aftalen", særlig artikel 98, ogud fra følgende betragtninger:(1) Bilag II til aftalen blev ændret ved afgørelse nr. 3/2004 truffet af Det Blandede EØS-udvalg den 6. februar 2004(1).(2) Kommissionens direktiv 2003/94/EF af 8. oktober 2003 om principper og retningslinjer for god fremstillingspraksis for humanmedicinske lægemidler og testpræparater til human brug(2) skal indarbejdes i aftalen.(3) Direktiv 2003/94/EF ophæver Kommissionens direktiv 91/356/EØF(3), som er indarbejdet i aftalen, og som derfor udgår af aftalen -TRUFFET FØLGENDE AFGØRELSE:Artikel 1Kapitel XIII i bilag II til aftalen ændres således:1) Følgende punkt indsættes efter punkt 15s (Kommissionens forordning (EF) nr. 1085/2003):"15t. 32003 L 0094: Kommissionens direktiv 2003/94/EF af 8. oktober 2003 om principper og retningslinjer for god fremstillingspraksis for humanmedicinske lægemidler og testpræparater til human brug (EUT L 262 af 14.10.2003, s. 22)."2) Teksten i punkt 15 (Kommissionens direktiv 91/356/EØF) udgår.Artikel 2Teksterne til direktiv 2003/94/EF på islandsk og norsk, som offentliggøres i EØS-tillægget til Den Europæiske Unions Tidende, er autentiske.Artikel 3Denne afgørelse træder i kraft den 20. marts 2004, forudsat at Det Blandede EØS-udvalg har modtaget alle nødvendige meddelelser, jf. aftalens artikel 103, stk. 1(4).Artikel 4Denne afgørelse offentliggøres i Den Europæiske Unions Tidendes EØS-afsnit og EØS-tillæg.Udfærdiget i Bruxelles, den 19. marts 2004.På Det Blandede EØS-udvalgs vegneP. WesterlundFormand(1) EUT L 116 af 22.4.2004, s. 44.(2) EUT L 262 af 14.10.2003, s. 22.(3) EFT L 193 af 17.7.1991, s. 30.(4) Ingen forfatningsmæssige krav angivet.


type: legislation

text:
 10.6.2016
 DA
 Den Europæiske Unions Tidende
 L 153/29
 KOMMISSIONENS GENNEMFØRELSESFORORDNING (EU) 2016/913
 af 9. juni 2016
 om faste importværdier med henblik på fastsættelse af indgangsprisen for visse frugter og grøntsager
 EUROPA-KOMMISSIONEN HAR —
 under henvisning til traktaten om Den Europæiske Unions funktionsmåde,
 under henvisning til Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning (EU) nr. 1308/2013 af 17. december 2013 om en fælles markedsordning for landbrugsprodukter og om ophævelse af Rådets forordning (EØF) nr. 922/72, (EØF) nr. 234/79, (EF) nr. 1037/2001 og (EF) nr. 1234/2007 (1),
 under henvisning til Kommissionens gennemførelsesforordning (EU) nr. 543/2011 af 7. juni 2011 om nærmere bestemmelser for anvendelsen af Rådets forordning (EF) nr. 1234/2007 for så vidt angår frugt og grøntsager og forarbejdede frugter og grøntsager (2), særlig artikel 136, stk. 1, og
 ud fra følgende betragtninger:
 (1)
 Ved gennemførelsesforordning (EU) nr. 543/2011 fastsættes der på basis af resultatet af de multilaterale handelsforhandlinger under Uruguayrunden kriterier for Kommissionens fastsættelse af faste importværdier for tredjelande for de produkter og perioder, der er anført i del A i bilag XVI til nævnte forordning.
 (2)
 Der beregnes hver arbejdsdag en fast importværdi i henhold til artikel 136, stk. 1, i gennemførelsesforordning (EU) nr. 543/2011 under hensyntagen til varierende daglige data. Derfor bør nærværende forordning træde i kraft på dagen for offentliggørelsen i Den Europæiske Unions Tidende —
 VEDTAGET DENNE FORORDNING:
 Artikel 1
 De faste importværdier som omhandlet i artikel 136 i gennemførelsesforordning (EU) nr. 543/2011 fastsættes i bilaget til nærværende forordning.
 Artikel 2
 Denne forordning træder i kraft på dagen for offentliggørelsen i Den Europæiske Unions Tidende.
 Denne forordning er bindende i alle enkeltheder og gælder umiddelbart i hver medlemsstat.
 Udfærdiget i Bruxelles, den 9. juni 2016.
 På Kommissionens vegne
 For formanden
 Jerzy PLEWA
 Generaldirektør for landbrug og udvikling af landdistrikter
 (1) EUT L 347 af 20.12.2013, s. 671.
 (2) EUT L 157 af 15.6.2011, s. 1.
 BILAG
 Faste importværdier med henblik på fastsættelse af indgangsprisen for visse frugter og grøntsager
 (EUR/100 kg)
 KN-kode
 Tredjelandskode (1)
 Fast importværdi
 0702 00 00
 IL
 259,4
 MA
 133,2
 TR
 69,0
 ZZ
 153,9
 0709 93 10
 TR
 113,2
 ZZ
 113,2
 0805 50 10
 AR
 171,0
 IL
 134,0
 MA
 106,8
 TR
 157,0
 ZA
 188,7
 ZZ
 151,5
 0808 10 80
 AR
 127,6
 BR
 106,7
 CL
 130,1
 CN
 110,9
 NZ
 152,6
 US
 173,7
 UY
 107,2
 ZA
 119,2
 ZZ
 128,5
 0809 10 00
 TR
 277,4
 ZZ
 277,4
 0809 29 00
 TR
 508,7
 US
 888,6
 ZZ
 698,7
 (1) Landefortegnelse fastsat ved Kommissionens forordning (EU) nr. 1106/2012 af 27. november 2012 om gennemførelse af Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets forordning (EF) nr. 471/2009 om fællesskabsstatistikker over varehandelen med tredjelande for så vidt angår ajourføring af den statistiske lande- og områdefortegnelse (EUT L 328 af 28.11.2012, s. 7). Koden »ZZ« = »anden oprindelse«.


type: other

text:
Hierbij ontvangt U de nieuwsbrief van mei 2017 van Stichting Woekerpolisproces. Eerdere nieuwsbrieven zijn na te lezen op onze website: www.woekerpolisproces.nl.
 Indien u een vraag heeft, staat deze mogelijk onder veel gestelde vragen. In deze nieuwsbrief komen ook veel gestelde vragen aan bod. Hiermee trachten wij onze klantenservice te ontlasten. Het in stand houden van een (te) zwaar bezette klantenservice brengt namelijk een grote kostenpost met zich mee. Geld dat wij liever besteden aan procedures tegen verzekeraars. Wij willen u daarom verzoeken wanneer u een vraag heeft, altijd eerst te kijken bij “veelgestelde vragen” zodat onze klantenservice niet onnodig te zwaar wordt belast.
 Vanaf nu zullen wij i.p.v. halfjaarlijkse nieuwsbrieven ieder kwartaal een nieuwsbrief gaan versturen met daarin ook veel gestelde vragen. Deze zullen wij steeds publiceren op de website.
 Meerdere dagvaardingen naar Nationale Nederlanden
 Stichting dagvaart ook Delta Lloyd
 Stichting in hoger beroep tegen ASR bij gerechtshof Amsterdam
 Gerechtshof Den Bosch stelt ASR in het ongelijk inzake Falcon Leven woekerpolis
 2de stuitingsbrief – binnen 5 jaar opnieuw versturen – Verlenging stuiting verjaring
 Stichting Woekerpolisproces voert het aantal rechtszaken tegen Nationale Nederlanden op
 In vorige nieuwsbrieven hebben wij uiteengezet dat de advocaat van de stichting, Mr. Dries Beljon, (www.leanlawyers.nl) een zaak tegen Nationale Nederlanden heeft uitgeprocedeerd tot aan het Europees Hof in Luxemburg. Het betrof de zaak van de heer van Leeuwen waar de media ruim over heeft bericht. Het Hof in Luxemburg is de hoogste Europese rechter en staat boven de nationale rechters. In principe is het zo dat een rechtszaak begint bij de rechtbank. In hoger beroep wordt de zaak dan vervolgens gevoerd bij één van de vijf Gerechtshoven. Na hoger beroep staat cassatie open bij de hoge raad in Den Haag. Daarboven staat dan nog het Europees Hof in Luxemburg. Dit Hof gaat over de interpretatie van Europese richtlijnen in de nationale rechtspraak. Het Europees Hof doet dus geen uitspraak over de hoogte van de schade, maar geeft in de uitspraak wel aan hoe de nationale rechter het recht dient te interpreteren.
 Na de uitspraak van het Europees Hof op 29 mei 2015 is de zaak opnieuw terecht gekomen bij de rechtbank Rotterdam voor vonnis. Echter Nationale Nederlanden heeft deze zaak toen weggeschikt om een inhoudelijk vonnis van de rechtbank Rotterdam te voorkomen.
 Zie: https://www.ftm.nl/artikelen/nationale-nederlanden-schikt-belangrijke-van-leeuwen-woekerpoliszaak
 Hiermee heeft Nationale Nederlanden kunnen voorkomen dat het arrest van het Europees Hof door de nationale rechter is bekrachtigd. Middels een groot aantal lopende zaken tegen NN trachten wij deze jurisprudentie nu wel bekrachtigd te krijgen door de Nederlandse rechter. De komende 2 maanden voeren we het aantal rechtszaken daarom op tot 15. Het is ons inzien de snelste weg naar succes.
 Inmiddels heeft de stichting ook de eerste dagvaarding voor Delta Lloyd gereed. Deze zal op korte termijn worden uitgebracht. Kern van de zaak is, dat door Delta Lloyd meer kosten zijn ingehouden van de waarde van de polis, dan dat in de polisvoorwaarden is beschreven. Niet genoemde kosten mogen niet worden ingehouden omdat deze niet zijn overeengekomen bij het ondertekenen van de polis aanvraag. Deze jurisprudentie komt voort uit de uitspraak van het Europees Hof van 29 juni 2015 en geldt voor iedere verzekeraar. Vandaar dat we hier in de zaak tegen Delta Lloyd ook een beroep op doen.
 Door het zorgvuldig creëren van jurisprudentie tracht de advocaat van de stichting het net langzaam te sluiten voor alle verzekeraars. Hier dus voor Delta Lloyd
 ASR: Stichting in hoger beroep bij gerechtshof Amsterdam
 Op 1 mei 2017 heeft de stichting hoger beroep ingesteld tegen het vonnis van de rechtbank Utrecht. De rechtbank bepaalde in die uitspraak dat de stichting en 2 mede-eisers (die beide deelnemer van de stichting zijn) geen recht hebben op inzage in de kosten die door ASR zijn ingehouden op hun eigen polis. Nu betreft de belangrijkste vraag in de woekerpolisaffaire juist de vraag welke kosten zijn ingehouden door de verzekeraar en welk deel daarvan de verzekeraar conform de polisvoorwaarden wel en niet mocht inhouden. De kosten die niet in de polisvoorwaarden zijn opgenomen heeft de verzekeraar immers onrechtmatig ingehouden, waardoor de waarde van de polis lager uitvalt.
 Het is dus essentieel dat iedere polishouder deze inzage krijgt. De stichting heeft daarom hoger beroep ingesteld tegen het vonnis. Zie: http://www.nu.nl/sparen/4435875/woekerpolisproces-verliest-zaak-verzekeraar-asr.html
 Uitspraak gerechtshof Den Bosch inzake Falcon Leven (ASR)
 In een recente uitspraak van het gerechtshof Den Bosch is bepaald dat ASR de teveel ingehouden kosten van een Falcon Leven woekerpolis aan een klant moet terugbetalen. Het gerechtshof vernietigt hiermee het eerdere vonnis van de rechtbank die ASR nog in 2013 nog in het gelijk stelde.
 In deze zaak gaat het om de zogeheten eerste kosten, poliskosten en een deel van de ingehouden fondskosten van een Falcon Levensplan. Het gerechtshof heeft daarbij een aantal voorwaarden op grond waarvan ASR deze kosten inhield als oneerlijk en onredelijk bezwarend aangemerkt. De verzekeraar behoorde te weten dat een normaal geïnformeerde en oplettende consument de impact van de voorwaarden niet kon begrijpen. Volgens de uitspraak werd de consument bewogen tot acceptatie van voor hem zeer nadelige, hoge kosten, die bovendien bij ASR al bekend waren.
 Het gaat in dit geval om een relatief kleine polis waarbij € 45 per maand werd ingelegd. Volgens berekeningen komen de onterecht ingehouden kosten inclusief wettelijke rente voor deze polis uit op ruim € 3.500. Bij een grotere polis gaat het dus om hogere bedragen.
 Eerder dit jaar oordeelde ook het Kifid in een vergelijkbare zaak dat ASR de te veel in rekening gebrachte kosten van een Falcon Levensplan (enkele duizenden euro’s) moest terugbetalen aan een klant. ASR had volgens het klachteninstituut de advieskosten die bij de klant in rekening werden gebracht in de vorm van “aanvullende administratiekosten” niet duidelijk genoeg in de polisvoorwaarden genoemd.
 Ook hier blijkt weer dat de uitspraak van het Europees Hof wordt gevolgd: alleen kosten die bij aanvang zijn overeengekomen (die dus in de polisvoorwaarden staan) mogen door de verzekeraar worden ingehouden.
 ASR verkocht onder de naam Falcon Levensplan ongeveer 220.000 polissen.
 Lees hier de hele uitspraak: https://uitspraken.rechtspraak.nl/inziendocument?id=ECLI:NL:GHSHE:2017:1875
 Inmiddels heeft de stichting de directie van ASR schriftelijk laten weten dat de stichting een grote groep deelnemers met soortgelijke Falcon Leven polissen vertegenwoordigt en dat de stichting met ASR in gesprek wil om de conform de uitspraak van het gerechtshof deze zaken op te lossen.
 Of ASR daartoe bereid is, zal binnenkort bekend worden, omdat ASR inmiddels aan persbureau ANP heeft laten weten de uitspraak te willen bestuderen om te bepalen of de verzekeraar eerst in cassatie wil gaan bij de hoge raad.
 2de stuitingsbrief – binnen 5 jaar opnieuw versturen! – Verlenging stuiting verjaring
 Zoals in eerdere nieuwsbrieven aangegeven dient u ieder 5 jaar een stuitingsbrief te versturen. Hiermee voorkomt u de verjaring van uw claim. Een stuitingsbrief is namelijk maar 5 jaar geldig. Is het bijna 5 jaar geleden dat u de eerste stuitingsbrief heeft verzonden? Dan dient u vóór het verstrijken van deze termijn een nieuwe stuitingsbrief versturen. Dus als u bijvoorbeeld op 1 februari 2012 een stuitingsbrief heeft verstuurd, dan dient u voor 1 februari 2017 een verlenging van de stuiting per brief aan uw verzekeraar te versturen.
 In de bijlage treft u de brief waarmee u verjaring voor een nieuwe periode van 5 jaar kunt stuiten.
 Waarom kan ik mijn documenten niet opsturen?
 Wij bieden uitsluitend de mogelijkheid uw documenten up te loaden via de website. Achter de website zit namelijk een database waarmee wij heel makkelijk via selectie bepaalde documenten kunnen inzien. Indien wij dit allemaal zouden uitprinten en in mappen zouden moeten opslaan kost dat niet alleen heel veel papier, maar is het voor ons ook een stuk omslachtiger om uw documenten in te zien.
 Ik ben mijn wachtwoord vergeten. Hoe vraag ik dat op?
 Via de website kunt u eenvoudig uw wachtwoord opvragen. Wij sturen dan een email met uw wachtwoord naar het door u opgegeven mailadres. Kijkt u daarbij ook in uw spambox! http://www.woekerpolisproces.nl/wachtwoord-vergeten
 Ik ben verhuisd of heb een ander emailadres. Hoe geef ik dat door?
 Doorgeven van adres en emailwijzigingen, kunt u alleen zelf doen door in te loggen in uw persoonlijk dossier en daar uw gegevens te wijzigen.
 Uw gebruikersnaam is een door u zelf bij aanmelding opgegeven naam. Dat kan een emailadres zijn, maar ook een andere door u verzonnen naam zoals fiets of zomertijd. Ook uw gebruikersnaam kunt i opvragen via de website indien u deze vergeten bent. http://www.woekerpolisproces.nl/gebruikersnaam-vergeten
 Kan ik een oude polis aanmelden die al in 2007 is afgekocht.
 Ja, ook oude polissen kunnen worden aangemeld. De stichting heeft namelijk ook collectief de verjaring voor u gestuit. Volgens een uitspraak van de hoge raad geldt deze stuiting voor alle deelnemers ongeacht het tijdstip van aanmelden.
 Ik heb een woekerpolis. Hoef ik alleen het polisnummer door te geven?
 Nee, wij ontvangen graag van u zoveel mogelijk gegevens. Deze kunt u invoeren en uploaden via uw persoonlijk dossier.
 Kan ik ook een leaseproduct aanmelden?
 U kunt alleen het product SPRINTPLAN aanmelden.
 Ik hoor alleen berichten over ASR. Mijn woekerpolis is van de Goudse. Wat doen jullie voor mij?
 De stichting heeft als doel om voor alle deelnemers een goede compensatie te bewerkstelligen. Door middel van het voeren rechtszaken wordt ingezet op jurisprudentie. Deze jurisprudentie is vervolgens toepasbaar op alle verzekeraars en moet ertoe leiden dat ook alle verzekeraars meer gaan vergoeden. Zo heeft de advocaat van de stichting tegen Nationale Nederlanden jurisprudentie tot stand gebracht bij het Europees Hof in Luxemburg (de hoogste Europese rechter). Deze jurisprudentie wordt gebruikt in woekerpolis-rechtszaken tegen andere verzekeraars zoals Delta Lloyd. Ook andere stichtingen profiteren van deze door de advocaat van de stichting tot stand gebrachte jurisprudentie. Dat leidt dan weer tot andere goede uitspraken waar ook de stichting weer gebruik van maakt.
 Stichting Woekerpolisproces is minder vaak in het nieuws dan andere stichtingen. Hoe komt dat?
 De stichting kiest er bewust voor niet alle zaken in de media te brengen.
 Hoe staat het met mijn woekerpolis, wanneer krijg ik schadevergoeding uitbetaald?
 De feitelijke stand van zaken is dat er buiten een klein aantal schikkingen die onder geheimhouding zijn afgesproken nog niemand in Nederland een goede schadevergoeding heeft. Ons rechtssysteem is zo ingericht dat er na vonnis van de rechtbank hoger beroep openstaat, gevolgd door cassatie bij de hoge raad. Er staat zelfs daarna nog de gang naar de Europese rechter open. Rechtszaken duren daarom vaak vele jaren, iets waar verzekeraars dankbaar gebruik van maken.
 wpp_verlenging_stuiting.docx


jurisdiction: US

text: b' U.S. COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION\n Three Lafayette Centre\n 1155 21st Street, NW, Washington, DC 20581\n Telephone: (202) 418-5110\n Facsimile: (202) 418-5522\n\n\n\n Office of the\nInspector General\n\n MEMORANDUM\n\n\n TO: Gary Gensler\n Chairman\n\n FROM: A. Roy Lavik\n Inspector General\n\n DATE: November 10, 2010\n\n SUBJECT: Inspector General\xe2\x80\x99s Assessment of The Most Serious Management\n Challenges Facing the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)\n\n Introduction\n\n The Reports Consolidation Act of 2000 (RCA) authorizes the CFTC to provide financial and\n performance information in a more meaningful and useful format for Congress, the President,\n and the public, through publication of the Performance and Accountability Report (PAR). The\n RCA requires the Inspector General to summarize the \xe2\x80\x9cmost serious\xe2\x80\x9d management and\n performance challenges facing the Agency and to assess the Agency\xe2\x80\x99s progress in addressing\n those challenges, all for inclusion in the PAR. This memorandum fulfills our duties under the\n RCA.\n\n In order to identify and describe the most serious management challenges, as well as the\n Agency\xe2\x80\x99s progress in addressing them, we have relied on data contained in the CFTC financial\n statement audit and PAR, as well as our knowledge of industry trends and CFTC operations.\n Since Congress left the determination and threshold of what constitutes a most serious challenge\n to the discretion of the Inspector General, we applied the following definition in preparing this\n statement:\n\n Serious management challenges are mission critical areas or programs that have the potential for\n a perennial weakness or vulnerability that, without substantial management attention, would\n seriously impact Agency operations or strategic goals.\n\x0cThis memorandum summarizes the results of the CFTC\xe2\x80\x99s current financial statement audit,\ndescribes the Agency\xe2\x80\x99s progress on last year\xe2\x80\x99s management challenges, and finally discusses the\nmost serious management challenges that we have identified:\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Implementation of the Dodd-Frank Act\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Human Resource Expansion and Management\n\n\nCFTC Financial Statement Audit Results\n\nIn accordance with the Accountability of Tax Dollars Act, CFTC, along with numerous other\nfederal entities, is required to submit to an annual independent financial statement audit by the\nInspector General, or by an independent external auditor as determined by the Inspector General.\nThe results of the fiscal year 2010 financial statement audit are discussed in the PAR, and the\nfinancial statement audit resulted in an unqualified audit opinion.\n\nCFTC\xe2\x80\x99s Progress on Last Year\xe2\x80\x99s Challenges\n\nLast year, we identified three most serious management challenges:\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Harmonization of CFTC and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)\n Overlapping Regulations;\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 CFTC\xe2\x80\x99s Regulatory Model for the Swaps Derivatives Market; and,\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 CFTC\xe2\x80\x99s Regulatory Responsibilities over the Potential Carbon Emission Trading\n Markets.\n\n\nCFTC made progress on all three challenges.\n\nHarmonization of CFTC and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Overlapping\nRegulations. On June 17, 2009, the White House released a White Paper on Financial\nRegulatory Reform calling on the SEC and CFTC to \xe2\x80\x98make recommendations to Congress for\nchanges to statutes and regulations that would harmonize regulation of futures and securities.\xe2\x80\x99\nSpecifically, the White House recommended \xe2\x80\x98that the CFTC and SEC complete a report to\nCongress by September 30, 2009, that identifies all existing conflicts in statutes and regulations\nwith respect to similar types of financial instruments and either explains why those differences\nare essential to achieve underlying policy objectives with respect to investor protection, market\nintegrity, and price transparency or makes recommendations for changes to statutes and\nregulations that would eliminate the differences.\n\nThe CFTC jointly with SEC issued a substantial Harmonization Report in October 2009,\nidentifying areas where the respective regulatory regimes for futures and securities could be\nbetter aligned to streamline the regulation of novel derivative products and to avoid duplicative\n\n\n 2\n\x0cregulation. In November 2009, CFTC and SEC issued two joint orders to clarify their respective\njurisdiction with respect to certain security index products and to allow additional products to\nunderlie security futures products. Most of the statutory recommendations set forth in the\nOctober 2009 Report were included in the Dodd-Frank Act, and the agencies are now proceeding\nto implement those new authorities.\n\nCFTC\xe2\x80\x99s Regulatory Model for the Swaps Derivatives Market. In 2009, we believed that both the\nintricacies of any forthcoming derivatives regulation and the acquisition of human capital to\ncarry out the regulatory tasks would challenge the CFTC in the coming year. The Commission\nemployed 605 FTE in FY 2010, up from 498 FTE in FY 2009. The Commission requested in the\nPresident\xe2\x80\x99s FY 2011 Budget, 745 FTE for pre-Dodd-Frank Authorities and 119 FTE to\nimplement Dodd-Frank authorities, for a total of 864 FTE. The Commission states in order to be\nas timely and substantively prepared as possible to meet the needs of the Human Capital\nrequirements of the Dodd-Frank Act, it has:\n\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Engaged all offices to identify and implement business process changes that will shorten\n the time to hire new staff;\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Granted Divisions and Offices FTE ceilings that allow them to identify priority hires and\n make selections according to their greatest needs;\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Considered recruitment alternatives, such as combining vacancy announcements and\n making multiple selections if applicants are of high quality;\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Built on past cooperative efforts to target underrepresented groups, to continue and\n enhance diversity recruiting for its workforce; and,\n \xe2\x80\xa2 Developed a process to ensure it identifies detailed job requirements as quickly as\n possible as it implements financial reform legislation to guide the content and tactics of\n the recruiting actions.\n\nCFTC\xe2\x80\x99s Regulatory Responsibilities over the Potential Carbon Emission Trading Markets.\nAnticipated legislation regulating carbon emission trading and assigning regulatory duties to the\nCommission did not materialize. On June 26, 2009, the House passed the American Clean\nEnergy and Security Act\xe2\x80\x94H.R. 2454\xe2\x80\x94that set forth new legislation to regulate carbon emission\ntrading; however, the Senate did not act on this proposed legislation. The Dodd-Frank Act\nrequires the Commission to lead an interagency working group tasked with organization and\ncompletion of a study of regulatory oversight of potential carbon markets, with a report due to\nCongress in January 2011. Staff convened the interagency group and began work on the study.\nThis forthcoming study may also address issues identified by the Government Accountability\nOffice (GAO) in their report issued on August 19, 2010 regarding Carbon Trading: Current\nSituation and Oversight Considerations for Policymakers, GAO-10-851R.\n\n\n\n\n 3\n\x0cMost Serious Management Challenges\n\nTwo issues that are likely to challenge the CFTC in the coming year are:\n\nImplementation of the Dodd-Frank Act\n\nOn July 21, 2010, President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer\nProtection Act (\xe2\x80\x9cDodd-Frank Act\xe2\x80\x9d), Pub. L. 111-203, 124 Stat. 1376 (2010). Title VII of the\nDodd-Frank Act amended the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) to establish a comprehensive\nnew regulatory framework for swaps and security-based swaps. In order to enact the Dodd-\nFrank Act, the Commission has identified 30 areas where rules will be necessary. Many of these\nrules will require or result in cooperative efforts with the Securities and Exchange Commission\nor other federal agencies. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act calls for numerous studies and other\nundertakings by the Commission, some also with cooperation from other agencies. The\nCommission recognizes that many of the new rules required under Dodd-Frank must be adopted\nwithin 180 days. The magnitude of this undertaking under a compressed timeline during FY\n2011 presents a serious management challenge.\n\nHuman Resource Expansion and Management\n\nThe Commission\xe2\x80\x99s new responsibilities under Dodd-Frank significantly increased its workload.\nBy the end of fiscal year 2010, the Commission had on-board 687 employees, which is 58 below\nthe 745 FTE CFTC requested to carry out our pre-Dodd-Frank authorities. To fully implement\nthe Dodd-Frank reforms, the Commission states it requires an additional 398 FTEs. Rather than\n398, the President\xe2\x80\x99s FY 2011 Budget provided for hiring only 238 additional positions. CFTC is\nrequesting an additional 160 FTEs for FY 2012 to staff areas of critical need. However, the\ncurrent budgetary limits imposed by the government-wide continuing resolution will\nsignificantly impact the CFTC\xe2\x80\x99s ability to hire any additional employees during FY2011. Should\nCongress lift the continuing resolution, the CFTC will need to dramatically expand its Human\nResource function to meet and manage the CFTC\xe2\x80\x99s need for additional staff and training to\naddress the requirements of Dodd-Frank Act. We view the possibility of a rapid and dramatic\nincrease (35% staff increase in FY11) in new employees to address new rules over newly\nregulated markets, such as swaps, a significant management challenge during Fiscal Year 2011.\n\n\n\n\n 4\n\x0c'


type: wikipedia

text:
En auspice (Latin: auspicium, fra auspex; ~ bogstaveligt: "En som ser på fugle") er et varsel. Bliver i dag brugt i betydningen "ledetegn". Det var en måde, hvorpå man tog varsler om fremtiden ved at iagttage fuglenes flugt, måden de lettede på osv. De personer, som var særligt sagkyndige ud i tolkningen af auspicier, kaldte man for augurerne.
 Historien fra det gamle Romerrige fortæller om ørnevarsler, særlig om fremtidige kejsere.
 I dag tales om "at være under nogens auspicier" – altså ledelse. Denne brug stammer fra det gamle Rom, hvor politiske og militære ledere havde pligt til at tage auspicier og lade sig lede af disse.
 Noter
 Se også
 Vejrvarsel
 Ord og vendinger
 Spådom


text:
 Avis juridique important
 |
 21984A1005(01)
 Abkommen in Form eines Briefwechsels zwischen der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft einerseits und der Regierung Dänemarks und der Lokalregierung der Färöer andererseits über Maßnahmen hinsichtlich der Lachsfischerei in den Gewässern des Nordatlantiks
 Amtsblatt Nr. L 264 vom 05/10/1984 S. 0002
 ***** ABKOMMEN in Form eines Briefwechsels zwischen der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft einerseits und der Regierung Dänemarks und der Lokalregierung der Färöer andererseits über Maßnahmen hinsichtlich der Lachsfischerei in den Gewässern des Nordatlantiks A. Schreiben der Lokalregierung der Färöer Herr . . . . . .! Die färöischen Behörden haben festgestellt, daß die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft ihrer Besorgnis hinsichtlich des färöischen Lachsfangs Ausdruck gegeben hat. Ich darf bestätigen, daß sich die färöischen Behörden verpflichtet haben, folgende Beschränkungen für den färöischen Lachsfang einzuführen, bis im Rahmen der Konvention über den Lachsfang im Nordatlantik für die nachstehend genannte Fangsaison verbindliche Maßnahmen beschlossen werden: 1. Die färöischen Behörden werden die gesamten Lachsfänge in den färöischen Gewässern (Fanggebiete, die unter die Gerichtsbarkeit der Färöer fallen) für die Fangsaison 1. Oktober 1984 bis 31. Mai 1985 auf insgesamt 625 Tonnen Frischgewicht unausgenommen beschränken. 2. Ausserhalb der in Absatz 1 genannten Fangsaison findet kein Lachsfang statt. Ich wäre Ihnen dankbar, wenn Sie mir bestätigen würden, daß die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft mit dem Vorstehenden einverstanden ist. Genehmigen Sie, Herr . . . . . ., den Ausdruck meiner ausgezeichnetsten Hochachtung. Für die Lokalregierung der Färöer B. Schreiben der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft Herr. . . . . .! Ich beehre mich, den Eingang ihres heutigen Schreibens mit folgendem Wortlaut zu bestätigen: »Die färöischen Behörden haben festgestellt, daß die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft Ihrer Besorgnis hinsichtlich des färöischen Lachsfangs Ausdruck gegeben hat. Ich darf bestätigen, daß sich die färöischen Behörden verpflichtet haben, folgende Beschränkungen für den färöischen Lachsfang einzuführen, bis im Rahmen der Konvention über den Lachsfang im Nordatlantik für die nachstehend genannte Fangsaison verbindliche Maßnahmen beschlossen werden: 1. Die färöischen Behörden werden die gesamten Lachsfänge in den färöischen Gewässern (Fanggebiete, die unter die Gerichtsbarkeit der Färöer fallen) für die Fangsaison 1. Oktober 1984 bis 31. Mai 1985 auf insgesamt 625 Tonnen Frischgewicht unausgenommen beschränken. 2. Ausserhalb der in Absatz 1 genannten Fangsaison findet kein Lachsfang statt. Ich wäre Ihnen dankbar, wenn Sie mir bestätigen würden, daß die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft mit dem Vorstehenden einverstanden ist." Ich beehre mich, Ihnen mitzuteilen, daß die Gemeinschaft den Inhalt Ihres Schreibens zur Kenntnis genommen hat. Genehmigen Sie, Herr. . . . . ., den Ausdruck meiner ausgezeichnetsten Hochachtung. Im Namen des Rates der Europäischen Gemeinschaften


text:
 17.5.2013
 FR
 Journal officiel de l'Union européenne
 L 133/26
 DÉCISION DE LA BANQUE CENTRALE EUROPÉENNE
 du 2 mai 2013
 relative à des mesures temporaires concernant l’éligibilité des titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre
 (BCE/2013/13)
 (2013/220/UE)
 LE CONSEIL DES GOUVERNEURS DE LA BANQUE CENTRALE EUROPÉENNE,
 vu le traité sur le fonctionnement de l’Union européenne, et notamment son article 127, paragraphe 2, premier tiret,
 vu les statuts du Système européen de banques centrales et de la Banque centrale européenne, et notamment leur article 3.1, premier tiret, leurs articles 12.1 et 18 et leur article 34.1, deuxième tiret,
 vu l’orientation BCE/2011/14 du 20 septembre 2011 concernant les instruments et procédures de politique monétaire de l’Eurosystème (1), et notamment la section 1.6, et les sections 6.3.1, 6.3.2 et 6.4.2 de son annexe I,
 vu l’orientation BCE/2013/4 du 20 mars 2013 relative à des mesures temporaires supplémentaires concernant les opérations de refinancement de l’Eurosystème et l’éligibilité des garanties (2), et notamment son article 1er, paragraphe 3, et ses articles 5 et 7,
 considérant ce qui suit:
 (1)
 En vertu de l’article 18.1 des statuts du Système européen de banques centrales et de la Banque centrale européenne, la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) et les banques centrales nationales des États membres dont la monnaie est l’euro (BCN) peuvent effectuer des opérations de crédit avec des établissements de crédit et d’autres intervenants du marché sur la base d’une sûreté appropriée pour les prêts. Les critères usuels déterminant l’éligibilité d’une sûreté aux fins des opérations de politique monétaire de l’Eurosystème sont fixés à l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14.
 (2)
 En vertu de la section 1.6 de l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14, le conseil des gouverneurs peut, à tout moment, modifier les instruments, les conditions, les critères et les procédures se rapportant à l’exécution des opérations de politique monétaire de l’Eurosystème. En vertu de la section 6.3.1 de l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14, l’Eurosystème se réserve le droit de déterminer si une émission, un émetteur, un débiteur ou un garant satisfait aux exigences en matière de qualité de signature élevée; à cet effet, il s’appuie sur toute information qu’il juge pertinente.
 (3)
 Les titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre ne remplissent actuellement pas les exigences minimales de l’Eurosystème en matière de seuils de qualité du crédit applicables aux titres de créance négociables, telles que précisées à l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14.
 (4)
 Le conseil des gouverneurs a pris en considération le protocole d’accord conclu entre la République de Chypre et la Commission européenne et approuvé par les États membres, qui reflète le programme d’ajustement économique et financier de Chypre.
 (5)
 Le conseil des gouverneurs estime que ce programme est approprié, de sorte que les titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre présentent une qualité de signature suffisante pour garantir leur éligibilité en tant que sûreté aux fins des opérations de politique monétaire de l’Eurosystème, nonobstant toute évaluation externe du crédit.
 (6)
 Par conséquent, le conseil des gouverneurs a décidé qu’il fallait rétablir l’éligibilité des titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre aux fins des opérations de politique monétaire de l’Eurosystème, à condition que des décotes spécifiques, différentes de celles prévues à la section 6.4.2 de l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14, soient appliquées à ces titres.
 (7)
 En vertu de l’article 7 de l’orientation BCE/2013/4, le seuil de qualité du crédit de l’Eurosystème ne s’applique pas aux titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par les administrations centrales des États membres de la zone faisant l’objet d’un programme de l’Union européenne/du Fonds monétaire international, à moins que le conseil des gouverneurs ne décide que l’État membre concerné ne se conforme pas aux conditions prescrites pour le soutien financier et/ou le programme macroéconomique. Néanmoins, en vertu de l’article 1er, paragraphe 3, de cette orientation, seules l’Irlande, la République hellénique et la République portugaise sont considérées, aux fins de l’article 5, paragraphe 1, et de l’article 7 de l’orientation, comme des États membres de la zone euro se conformant à un programme de l’Union européenne/du Fonds monétaire international. Une nouvelle décision du conseil des gouverneurs est par conséquent nécessaire afin de déroger à l’application du seuil de qualité du crédit de l’Eurosystème en ce qui concerne les titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre.
 (8)
 Cette mesure exceptionnelle s’appliquera temporairement jusqu’à ce que le conseil des gouverneurs estime possible d’appliquer de nouveau normalement les critères d’éligibilité de l’Eurosystème et le dispositif du contrôle des risques pour les opérations de politique monétaire,
 A ADOPTÉ LA PRÉSENTE DÉCISION:
 Article premier
 Suspension de certaines dispositions de l’orientation BCE/2011/14 et éligibilité des titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre
 1. Les exigences minimales de l’Eurosystème en matière de qualité du crédit, telles que précisées par les règles du dispositif d’évaluation du crédit de l’Eurosystème applicables à certains actifs négociables, énoncées à la section 6.3.2 de l’annexe I de l’orientation BCE/2011/14, sont suspendues pour les titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre. Par conséquent, aux fins de l’article 5, paragraphe 1, et de l’article 7 de l’orientation BCE/2013/4, la République de Chypre est considérée comme un État membre de la zone euro se conformant à un programme de l’Union européenne/du Fonds monétaire international.
 2. Les titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre font l’objet des décotes spécifiques prévues à l’annexe de la présente décision.
 3. En cas de divergence entre la présente décision, l’orientation BCE/2011/14 et l’orientation BCE/2013/4, telle qu’elles sont mises en œuvre au niveau national par les BCN, la présente décision prévaut.
 Article 2
 Entrée en vigueur
 La présente décision entre en vigueur le 9 mai 2013.
 Fait à Bratislava, le 2 mai 2013.
 Le président de la BCE
 Mario DRAGHI
 (1) JO L 331 du 14.12.2011, p. 1.
 (2) JO L 95 du 5.4.2013, p. 23.
 ANNEXE
 Tableau des décotes applicables aux titres de créance négociables émis ou totalement garantis par la République de Chypre
 Obligations d’État
 Tranche d’échéance
 Décotes applicables aux coupons fixes et aux instruments financiers à taux variables
 Décotes applicables aux coupons zéro
 0-1
 14,5
 14,5
 1-3
 27,5
 29,5
 3-5
 37,5
 40,0
 5-7
 41,0
 45,0
 7-10
 47,5
 52,5
 > 10
 57,0
 71,0
 Obligations de banques garanties par l’État et obligations privées non financières garanties par l’État
 Tranche d’échéance
 Décotes applicables aux coupons fixes et aux instruments financiers à taux variables
 Décotes applicables aux coupons zéro
 0-1
 23,0
 23,0
 1-3
 37,0
 39,0
 3-5
 47,5
 50,5
 5-7
 51,5
 55,5
 7-10
 58,0
 63,0
 > 10
 68,0
 81,5