type: other

text: b' CLOSEOUT FOR M-93080042\n\n\n\n\n OIG examined the complainant\'s letters, the program officer\'s infon-nation, the Phase I\nand Phase I1 proposals, the Phase I final report. and sonie co-authored publications resulting\nfrom the Phase I collaboration. OIG also contacted the complainant for additional infomiation.\n\n The cornplainant alleged that a colleague, who was on sabbatical and visiting her\nlaboratory for a year, approached the subject with the idea for the Phase I proposal because the\nproposed idea required the use of some equipment which was not available in the Laboratory,\nbut was available at the subject\'s company. The complainant indicated that the subject, with\ntheir assistance, completed the Phase I proposal which was subsequently funded by NSF. After\nthe subject submitted the final report for the Phase I award and at tlie subject\'s request, the\ncomplainant sent him six suggestions for possible inclusion with a Phase I1 proposal. According\nto the complainant, both consultants hoped that they could do more research with tile subject as\nequal partners under a Pliase I1 award.\n\n OIG determined that the six suggestions sent by the complainant to the subject for\ninclusion into the Phase I1 proposal were very general in nature and, as a consequence, could\nnot be identified in the proposal as ideas unique to the cotnplainant. In addition, OIG\ndetermined that with respect to the particular suggestions: two originated in the Phase I proposal\nor the final report for the project: three followed logically as a continuation of the work\naccomplished\' under the Phase I award and as such coi~ldnot be itniquely identified as the\nconlplainant\'s; and one could not be found in the Phase I1 proposal as an idea for research or\nstudy, but rather appeared only in the discussion under "Related Research."\n\n In addition, OIG discenled that this situation involved a ~nisunderstandingbetween the\ncomplainant and tlie subject. The complainant had assumed that their collaboration would\ncontinue with Phase 11 because she and her co-worker had been involved with Phase I. The\n\n Page 1 of 2 M93-42\n\x0c CLOSEOUT FOR M-93080042\nsubject, on the other hand, elected to continue the project in his Phase 11 proposal by\ncollaborating with scientists other than the complainant and her co-worker. Although the subject\ncould have shown more consideration for the cosnplainant by informing her of his plan to\nexclude her as a collaborator in the Phase 11proposal, he was under no formal obligation to do\nso. Likewise, the subject was not obliged to continue the collaborative relationship with the\ncomplainant on future proposals just because his research was a continuation of their earlier\ncollaborative work. He clearly described the complainant\'s participation with the Phase I work\nin his Phase Il proposal including their co-authored Phase I published results.\n\n OIG determined that there was no substance to the allegation of intellectual theft. This\ncase was closed.\n\ncc: Staff Scientist, Deputy AIG-Oversight, AIG-Oversight, Counsel to IG, IG\n\n\n\n\n Page 2 of 2\n\x0c'


type: wikipedia

text:
Is tír bheag thalamhiata atá suite in iarthar na hEorpa í an Eilvéis nó an (ainm oifigiúil: Cónaidhm na hEilvéise). Tá teorannacha aici leis an Ostair, le Lichtinstéin, leis an bhFrainc, leis an Iodáil, agus leis an nGearmáin.
 Teangacha
 Tá ceithre theanga oifigiúil san Eilvéis: an Ghearmáinis (63,7 %), an Fhraincis (20,4 %), an Iodáilis (6,5 %) agus an Rómainis (0,5 %). Maidir leis an gcineál Gearmáinise a labhraítear san Eilvéis, is canúint neamhionann go leor í leis an Ard-Ghearmáinis atá in uachtar sa Ghearmáin.
 Tíreolaíocht
 Is tír shléibhtiúil í an Eilvéis. Roinntear an tír ina trí chuid: na Sléibhte Alpa, an tArdán Láir agus na Sléibhte Jura. I measc sléibhte cáiliúla na tíre, tá an Matterhorn. Tá na cathracha, Zürich agus an Ghinéiv mar shampla, ar an Ardán Láir, agus mar i gcéanna leis an gcuid is mó den daonra.
 Neodrachas
 Cé go bhfuil an Eilvéis i lár na hEorpa idir tíortha a raibh cogaidh go leor ar siúl acu le linn na 19ú agus 20ú céad, tá beart eachtrach neodrach docht ag an tír le tamall fada. Le linn an Dara Cogadh Domhanda, mar shampla, cé go labhraítear Gearmáinis ansin agus go mbíonn teorainn leis an Ostair, an nGearmáin agus an Iodáil (is é sin, tíortha na hAise) ann, ní raibh an Eilvéis rannpháirteach sa chogadh sin. Ní raibh an Eilvéis páirteach i gcogaíocht ón mbliain 1815 i leith.
 Mar sin, ní ghlacann an Eilvéis páirt san Aontas Eorpach. Ní raibh an Eilvéis lánpháirteach sna Náisiúin Aontaithe go dtí an bhliain 2002. D'ainneoin traidisiún neodrachais na hEilvéise, ar 5 Meitheamh, 2005, ghlac vótálaithe Eilvéiseacha le Conbhinsiún Schengen.
 Tá a lán eagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta lonnaithe san Eilvéis. Bunaíodh an Chros Dhearg sa tír, sa Ghinéiv, sa bhliain 1863. Tá an dara grúpa oifigí is mó de chuid na Náisiún Aontaithe suite sa Ghinéiv.
 Íomhánna
 Tagairtí
 Naisc sheachtracha
 ch.ch - Suíomh oifigiúil na hEilvéise (SwissPortal)
 Admin.ch - Suíomh Idirlín Rialtas na hEilvéise
 E


text:
FIFA 100 er en liste udgivet den 4. marts 2004 i London i anledning af FIFA's 100-års jubilæum af Pelé. Listen opremser dem, han mener, er de på tidspunktet 125 nulevende bedste fodboldspillere.
 De lande der har flest spillere på FIFA 100-listen er Italien, Frankrig og Brasilien med hver 14 spillere.
 Europa
 Roberto Baggio, Italien
 Michael Ballack, Tyskland
 Gordon Banks, England
 Franco Baresi, Italien
 Marco van Basten, Holland
 David Beckham, England
 Dennis Bergkamp, Holland
 Giuseppe Bergomi, Italien
 George Best, Nordirland
 Franz Beckenbauer, Tyskland
 Zbigniew Boniek, Polen
 Giampiero Boniperti, Italien
 Paul Breitner, Tyskland
 Gianluigi Buffon, Italien
 Emilio Butragueño, Spanien
 Eric Cantona, Frankrig
 Jan Ceulemans, Belgien
 Bobby Charlton, England
 Johan Cruyff, Holland
 Kenny Dalglish, Skotland
 Rinat Dasajev, Rusland
 Edgar Davids, Holland
 Marcel Desailly, Frankrig
 Didier Deschamps, Frankrig
 Franky Van der Elst, Belgien
 Emre Belozoglu, Tyrkiet
 Luis Enrique, Spanien
 Eusébio, Portugal
 Giacinto Facchetti, Italien
 Just Fontaine, Frankrig
 Ruud Gullit, Holland
 Gheorghe Hagi, Rumænien
 Thierry Henry, Frankrig
 Oliver Kahn, Tyskland
 Roy Keane, Irland
 Kevin Keegan, England
 René van de Kerkhof, Holland
 Willy van de Kerkhof, Holland
 Jürgen Klinsmann, Tyskland
 Patrick Kluivert, Holland
 Raymond Kopa, Frankrig
 Brian Laudrup, Danmark
 Michael Laudrup, Danmark
 Gary Lineker, England
 Sepp Maier, Tyskland
 Paolo Maldini, Italien
 Josef Masopust, Tjekkiet
 Lothar Matthäus, Tyskland
 Gerd Müller, Tyskland
 Pavel Nedvěd, Tjekkiet
 Johan Neeskens, Holland
 Alessandro Nesta, Italien
 Ruud van Nistelrooy, Holland
 Michael Owen, England
 Jean-Pierre Papin, Frankrig
 Jean-Marie Pfaff, Belgien
 Alessandro Del Piero, Italien
 Robert Pires, Frankrig
 Michel Platini, Frankrig
 Ferenc Puskas, Ungarn
 Raul, Spanien
 Rob Rensenbrink, Holland
 Frank Rijkaard, Holland
 Gianni Rivera, Italien
 Paolo Rossi, Italien
 Rui Costa, Portugal
 Rüştü Reçber, Tyrkiet
 Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, Tyskland
 Alan Shearer, England
 Peter Schmeichel, Danmark
 Clarence Seedorf, Holland
 Uwe Seeler, Tyskland
 Andrij Sjevtjenko, Ukraine
 Hristo Stoichkov, Bulgarien
 Davor Suker, Kroatien
 Lilian Thuram, Frankrig
 Francesco Totti, Italien
 Marius Tresor, Frankrig
 David Trezeguet, Frankrig
 Patrick Vieira, Frankrig
 Christian Vieri, Italien
 Zinedine Zidane, Frankrig
 Dino Zoff, Italien
 Afrika
 Didier Drogba, Elfenbenskysten
 El Hadji Diouf, Senegal
 Roger Milla, Cameroun
 Jay-Jay Okocha, Nigeria
 Abedi Pele, Ghana
 George Weah, Liberia
 Asien
 Hidetoshi Nakata, Japan
 Hong Myung-Bo, Sydkorea
 Ali Daei, iran
 Nord- og Sydamerika
 Michelle Akers, USA
 Carlos Alberto, Brasilien
 Gabriel Batistuta, Argentina
 Cafu, Brasilien
 Roberto Carlos, Brasilien
 Hernan Crespo, Argentina
 Teofilo Cubillas, Peru
 Falcão, Brasilien
 Elias Figueroa, Chile
 Enzo Francescoli, Uruguay
 Mia Hamm, USA
 Júnior, Brasilien
 Mario Kempes, Argentina
 Diego Maradona, Argentina
 Daniel Passarella, Argentina
 Pelé, Brasilien
 Rivaldo, Brasilien
 Romário, Brasilien
 Ronaldinho, Brasilien
 Ronaldo, Brasilien
 Romerito, Paraguay
 Hugo Sanchez, Mexico
 Djalma, Brasilien
 Nilton Santos, Brasilien
 Javier Saviola, Argentina
 Omar Sivori, Argentina
 Sócrates, Brasilien
 Alfredo di Stefano, Argentina
 Carlos Valderrama, Colombia
 Juan Sebastian Veron, Argentina
 Ivan Zamorano, Chile
 Javier Zanetti, Argentina
 Zico, Brasilien
 Kilde
 Fodboldens historie
 Fodboldspillere


type: caselaw

jurisdiction: EU

text:
26.2.2011
 IT
 Gazzetta ufficiale dell'Unione europea
 C 63/34
 Ricorso proposto il 15 novembre 2010 — Psarras/ENISA
 (Causa F-118/10)
 2011/C 63/61
 Lingua processuale: il francese
 Parti
 Ricorrente: Aristidis Psarras (Heraklion, Grecia) (rappresentanti: avv.ti E. Boigelot e S. Woog)
 Convenuta: Agenzia europea per la sicurezza delle reti e dell’informazione (ENISA)
 Oggetto e descrizione della controversia
 Da un lato, l’annullamento della decisione di destituire il ricorrente dalle sue funzioni di contabile dell’Agenzia e di nominare un’altra persona a questo stesso posto. Dall’altro, la domanda di risarcire al ricorrente il danno subito in conseguenza degli atti impugnati e delle molestie psicologiche di cui asserisce essere stato vittima
 Conclusioni del ricorrente
 —
 Annullare la decisione del consiglio di amministrazione dell’ENISA 7 febbraio 2010 di destituire il ricorrente dalle sue funzioni di contabile dell’Agenzia con effetto immediato e di nominare un’altra persona al posto di contabile per una durata indeterminata;
 —
 annullare, quale atto preparatorio, l’allegato 1 di detta decisione 7 febbraio 2010; tale allegato 1 è la proposta del direttore esecutivo al consiglio di amministrazione di assegnare permanentemente le mansioni di contabile ad altra persona e di destituire il ricorrente dalle sue funzioni di contabile;
 —
 se necessario, annullare la decisione 1o marzo 2010, adottata di conseguenza dal direttore esecutivo, di riassegnare il ricorrente ad un nuovo posto ai sensi dell’art. 7 dello Statuto;
 —
 a seguito di tali annullamenti, riassegnare il ricorrente al posto di contabile dell’Agenzia;
 —
 condannare l’ENISA a versare al ricorrente l’importo di EUR 10 000 a titolo di risarcimento, da un lato, del danno subito in conseguenza delle decisioni impugnate e, dall’altro, del danno morale subito a causa delle molestie psicologiche di cui è stato vittima, con riserva di aumento nel corso del procedimento;
 —
 condannare l’ENISA alle spese.


text:
Gheorghe Piperea: “Raportul MCV este absurd şi insultător la adresa inteligenței noastre!”
 De azi am inceput sa ii inteleg pe britanicii care vor sa fuga cu orice pret de Uniunea Europeana.
 Vorbind despre implicarea serviciilor secrete in actul de justitie, raportul sustine ca neconstitutionala colaborare a DNA cu SRI a adus “probe robuste” si “suport tehnic” indiscutabil bun in procesul penal roman care tinde la neutralizarea coruptiei. Ca “dovada” pentru asemenea afirmatie sententioasa, raportul MCV aduce o incheiere de la Curtea de apel Suceava care a acceptat in 2019 un probatoriu facut in baza protocoalelor secrete DNA – SRI, in ciuda a doua decizii ale CCR care le declara anti-constutionale.
 O incheiere contra unor decizii ale CCR! O incheiere contra a sute de solutii de anulare a rechizitoriului sau chiar a unor condamnari definitive, pe motiv de ilegalitate a probelor si greseli inadmisibile ale anchetatorilor, cu tot cu ajutorul “robust” al serviciilor secrete! Asa fiind, nu numai ca raportul MCV nu considera ca justitia facuta in “campul tactic” al serviciilor secrete nu e o problema care sa afecteze statul de drept, dar mai si sugereaza revenirea la minunatul sistem, considerand ca deciziile CCR care au afectat teribil de eficienta colaborare DNA – SRI (care s-a soldat cu achitarea multora dintre cei condamnati in opinia publica, condamnare emisa inainte de a-si spune justitia cuvantul, unii dintre acesti “condamnati” cerand in justitie milioane de euro daune morale). Ma intreb ce ar zice francezii sau nemtii daca ar sti ca justitia penala in tara lor se face in cooperare cu serviciile secrete.
 In legatura cu Sectia de Investigatie a Infractiunilor din Justitie (SIIJ), raportul MCV nu numai ca cere desfiintarea sa urgenta (in timp ce, totusi, critica vehement ordonantele de urgenta pe justitie) dar face cu oua si cu otet CCR pentru ca si-a permis sa declare SIIJ constitutionala. CCR este, de altfel, acuzata ca, prin deciziile pe care le da, creeaza instabilitate si impredictibilitate in justitie. Ma intreb ce ar zice nemtii daca niste birocrati UE ar spune asa ceva despre curtea lor constitutionala. Asadar, urmaririle penale sau condamnarile in presa si in strada inainte de a interveni justitia ca sa isi spuna cuvantul trebuie sa ramana in fiinta, pentru stabilitate si predictibilitate, drepturile omului fiind subsidiare, iar interventia CCR deranjanta. Uluitor este ca raportul MCV sugereaza ca sistemul in care magistratii erau anchetati de DNA, in mod secret si cu colaborarea SRI este preferabil SIIJ, pentru ca DNA poate sa desfasoare anchete de amploare, in timp ce SIIJ nu poate, fiind compusa din procurori mai pricajiti, asa, numiti in urma unor concursuri, de CSM, si aflati in subordinea CSM, in timp ce ultra-procurorii DNA sunt numiti prin interviu si sunt in subordinea unui director numit politic de presedintele Romaniei. In legatura cu sutele de dosare deschise la sesizarea din oficiu a DNA contra magistratilor care se manifesta prea independenti si dau, din cand in cand, solutii de achitare sau anulare a rechizitoriului, aratand astfel “inaltul” profesionalism al anchetatorilor DNA, raportul MCV nu spune decat ca sunt acuzatii nefondate sau neprobate ale unor asociatii de magistrati sau ale unor judecatori din CSM. Nici despre miile de magistrati cu dosare la DNA si cu proceduri de monitorizare si influentare tacita pe cap din partea serviciilor secrete, raportul MCV nu ne spune nimic.
 In fine, cel mai iritant lucru din acest raport este ca ia apararea in mod public si oficial a doi inculpati – fosta sefa DNA, care acum este sefa Parchetului European (si, probabil, o sa puna de o “cooperare” care nu este colaborare, cu serviciile secrete europene, ca sa se poata obtina probe robuste contra politicienilor europeni) si actualul membru al CSM, judecatorul Mateescu. In ambele cazuri, raportul MCV spune ca sunt dosare politice (???!). DNA nu facea (vezi cazul Orban L., martie 2016) si nu face (vezi cazul Barna, octombrie 2019) dosare politice in campaniile electorale. Nu, deloc. Precizez ca ambele persoane exemplificate isi merita soarta, fiind niste ilustri sustinatori ai acestui sistem de justitie penala insensibila la drepturile omului si entuziasta cu implicarea serviciilor secrete in justitie.
 Apararea pe care raportul MCV o face celor 2 inculpati mai contine si un fals prin omisiune – in cazul Mateescu, succesiunea faptelor nu a fost clasare 2018 de catre DNA – redeschidere a dosarului de catre SIIJ. In realitate, SIIJ a cerut si a obtinut refeschiderea dosarului din partea judecatorilor, in speta ICCJ. Deci, nu SIIJ a redeschis acest dosar penal, ci o instanta de judecata, la cererea SIIJ. Ce facem acum, transformam MCV intr-o pledoarie pentru un inculpat, doar pentru respectivul este membru intr-o asociatie “corecta” de lobby a magistratilor?
 Ei bine, nu. Eu, de astfel de lectii subiective si cu incarcatura politico-ideologica ma lipsesc. Si ma lipsesc, de acum incolo, si de impartialitatea de fatada a UE.
 Acest MCV exista de 12 ani si, de fiecare data, Romania a fost declarata corigenta. Daca ai lasat un elev corigent sa treaca de liceu si sa dea chiar si examenul de licenta, tu, ca profesor, nu ai nicio vina? Nu te descalifica examinarea elevului corigent pe baza pârei si a rumorilor create de colegii de banca, repetenti si ei, dar interesati sa treaca clasa dandu-se cu binisorul pe langa examinator?
 Veriga lipsă a fost găsită: legătura dintre Dan Barna și serviciile secrete. Cum a fost fabricat USR-ulO investigație incendiară aruncă în aer scena politică: s-a găsit veriga lipsă care face conexiunea între [...]
 Miercuri, Octombrie 23rd, 2019. You can leave a response here.
 4 Responses “Gheorghe Piperea: “Raportul MCV este absurd şi insultător la adresa inteligenței noastre!””
 Octombrie 23, 2019 at 1:43 pm
 ...imi fac o greata nesfirsita toti scribălăii deontologi, toti cei care critica abuzurile interne si internationale la care sint supusi romanii si Romania... niste guristi de media, fie ea online, video sau audio... vorbesti de englezi ma? da! dar englezii au iesit cu milioanele in strada ca sa-si sustina orice vroiau ei... ca si nemtii, italienii, francezii, chilienii, ecuadorienii si in general ORICARE alt popor cu EXCEPTIA poporului roman... aici reactia este doar daca o initiaza altcineva, asa cum s-a intimplat in 1989... apoi ”iese” si romanu’ ca vede el ca ala e trendu’ sau poate ii iese si lui ceva... in rest... mamaliga, tiritura, tiritoare, bere, seminte, birfa si caterinca, puturosenie si lacomie, zacut ca bou’ pe coada si iar bere si seminte si caterinca... la altii se nasc lideri, dintre formatorii de opinie, dintre jurnalisti, se nasc reactii spontane pentru chestii atit de simple incit NOI NICI MACAR NU INTELEGEM de ce au ”iesit” aia cu milioanele in strada... pen’ca, n’asa? este atit de bine sa stai si sa te uiti la tv, cu bere, seminte si caterinca... numai o singura nemernicie din raportul ala ar fi trebuit sa umple strazile cu milioane de revoltati... si asta de ani si ani... EI, EUROPENII, ”ne-au citit”... si ne dau ceea ce ne place cel mai mult, desi nu recunoastem niciodata cit ne place sa luam *UIE... scuteste-ma de ”revolta” ta... daca esti revoltat pune-ti un carton de git si iesi in strada cu toti like-istii tai, cu toti folow-ersii tai si FA CEVA! pina atunci, voi, TOTI astia revoltati, toti influencer-ii astia, mai taceti dreaqului din clanta!
 Octombrie 23, 2019 at 5:23 pm
 “PIPERATULE URECHEATULE” te mainfesti ca un jurist aparator al HOTILOR si BANDITILOR (defect profesional)si mai putin ca CA UN JUDICIARIST VERITABIL nu mai vorbim sa fii de talie maondiala.
 Octombrie 23, 2019 at 7:53 pm
 Bibicule, nu te supara ca ti-o spun, dar pari a fi un personaj din operele lui Caragiale, pt care neuronii sunt pasari rare!
 Octombrie 23, 2019 at 8:47 pm
 Raportul MCV nu monitorizează independența justiției, ci obediența oficialitatilor de la București față de liderii de la Bruxelles! Evident, pt ca raportul de MuCaVa sa iasa bine, obediența trebuie sa fie totala!
 « Trădarea stă cu Președintele la masă || Luminița Arhire: ”ANDREI CARAMITRU – DELIRUL MERGE MAI DEPARTE” »


type: contracts

text:
 Avis juridique important
 |
 21997A1218(01)
 Vierde Protocol bij de Algemene Overeenkomst betreffende de handel in diensten Niet-officiële vertaling
 Publicatieblad Nr. L 347 van 18/12/1997 blz. 0045 - 0058
 BIJLAGE (1)FOURTH PROTOCOL TO THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES Members of the World Trade Organization (hereinafter referred to as the 'WTO`) whose Schedules of Specific Commitments and Lists of Exemptions from Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services concerning basic telecommunications are annexed to this Protocol (hereinafter referred to as 'Members concerned`),Having carried out negotiations under the terms of the Ministerial Decision on Negotiations on Basic Telecommunications adopted at Marrakesh on 15 April 1994,Having regard to the Annex on Negotiations on Basic Telecommunications,Agree as follows:1. Upon the entry into force of this Protocol, a schedule of specific commitments and a list of exemptions from Article II concerning basic telecommunications annexed to this Protocol relating to a Member shall, in accordance with the terms specified therein, supplement or modify the schedule of specific commitments and the list of Article II exemptions of that Member.2. This Protocol shall be open for acceptance, by signature or otherwise, by the Members concerned until 30 November 1997.3. The Protocol shall enter into force on 1 January 1998 provided it has been accepted by all Members concerned. If by 1 December 1997 the Protocol has not been accepted by all Members concerned, those Members which have accepted it by that date may decide, prior to 1 January 1998, on its entry into force.4. This Protocol shall be deposited with the Director-General of the WTO. The Director-General of the WTO shall promptly furnish to each Member of the WTO a certified copy of this Protocol and notifications of acceptances thereof.5. This Protocol shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.Done at Geneva this fifteenth day of April one thousand nine hundred and ninety-seven, in a single copy in the English, French and Spanish languages, each text being authentic, except as otherwise provided for in respect of the Schedules annexed hereto.THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR MEMBER STATES - SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS Modes of supply: 1. Cross-border supply 2. Consumption abroad 3. Commercial presence 4. Presence of natural persons>RUIMTE VOOR DE TABEL>ADDITIONAL COMMITMENT BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR MEMBER STATES ScopeThe following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic telecommunications services underpinning the market access commitments by the European Communities and their Member States.DefinitionsUsers mean service consumer and service suppliers.Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network and service that(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers; and(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.A major supplier is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation (having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of:(a) control over essential facilities; or(b) use of its position in the market.1. COMPETITIVE SAFEGUARDS1.1. Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunicationsAppropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.1.2. SafeguardsThe anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results; and(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them to provide services.2. INTERCONNECTION2.1. This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public telecommunications transport networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and to access services provided by another supplier.2.2. Interconnection to be ensuredWithin the limits of permitted market access, interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the network. Such interconnection is provided (2):(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates (3);(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided; and(c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost construction of necessary additional facilities.2.3. Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiationsThe procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.2.4. Transparency of interconnection arrangementsIt is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements or a reference interconnection offer.2.5. Interconnection: dispute settlementA service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:(a) at any time; or(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly knownto an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.3. UNIVERSAL SERVICEAny Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se, provided they are administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.4. PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF LICENSING CRITERIAWhere a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning an application for a licence and(b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.5. INDEPENDENT REGULATORSThe regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all market participants.6. ALLOCATION AND USE OF SCARCE RESOURCESAny procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.DECISION ON COMMITMENTS IN BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS THE COUNCIL FOR TRADE IN SERVICES,HAVING REGARD to the Annex on negotiations on basic telecommunications,HAVING REGARD to the results of the negotiations conducted under the terms of the decision on negotiations on basic telecommunications adopted at Marrakesh on 15 April 1994,ACTING upon the final report of the negotiating group on basic telecommunications,DECIDES as follows:1. To adopt the text of the 'Fourth Protocol to the General Agreement on Trade in Services` (hereinafter referred to as the Protocol) and to take note of the schedules of commitments and lists of exemptions from Article II listed in the attachment to the final report of the negotiating group on basic telecommunications.2. Commencing immediately and continuing until the date of entry into force of the Protocol Members concerned shall, to the fullest extent consistent with their existing legislation and regulations, not take measures which would be inconsistent with their undertakings resulting from these negotiations.3. During the period from 15 January to 15 February 1997, a Member which has a schedule of commitments annexed to the Protocol, may supplement or modify such schedule or its list of Article II exemptions. Any such Member which has not annexed to the Protocol a list of Article II exemptions may submit such a list during the same period.4. A Group on basic telecommunications reporting to the Council for Trade in Services shall conduct consultations on the implementation of paragraph 3 above commencing its work no later than 90 days from the adoption of the decision.5. The Council for Trade in Services shall monitor the acceptance of the Protocol by Members concerned and shall, at the request of a Member, examine any concerns raised regarding the application of paragraph 2 above.6. Members of the World Trade Organization which have not annexed to the Protocol schedules of commitments or lists of exemptions from Article II may submit, for approval by the Council, schedules of commitments and lists of exemptions from Article II relating to basic telecommunications prior to 1 January 1998.REPORT OF THE GROUP ON BASIC TELECOMMUNICATIONS 1. This report is made in accordance with paragraph 4 of the Decision on Commitments in Basic Telecommunications, adopted by the Council for Trade in Services on 30 April 1996 (S/L/19). In paragraph 1 of this Decision, the Council also adopted the text of the Fourth Protocol to the General Agreement on Trade in Services and took note of the schedules of commitments and lists of exemptions from Article II listed in the attachment to the final report of the negotiating group on basic telecommunications (S/NGBT/18).2. The Decision on commitments on basic telecommunications established the Group on Basic telecommunications to 'conduct consultations on the implementation of paragraph 3 of the Decision`. Paragraph 3 states that 'during the period from 15 January to 15 February 1997, a Member which has a schedule of commitments annexed to the Protocol, may supplement or modify such schedule or its list of Article II exemptions` and that 'any such Member which has not annexed to the Protocol a list of Article II exemptions may submit such a list during the same period`.3. At the Group's first meeting in July 1996, participants suggested that the principal issues before the GBT included the desirability of improving the quantity and quality of schedules offered, and the need to address certain issues which had been left unresolved in April. Subsequently, the Group sponsored frequent rounds of bilateral negotiations on offers and regularly included discussion of outstanding issues in its meetings. In November participants began submitting revised draft offers of commitments on basic telecommunications for consideration. The Group's Report to the Council on Trade in Services (S/GBT/2), which formed part of the Report to the Singapore Ministerial Conference, recommended that Ministers 'stress their commitment to bring the negotiations on basic telecommunications to a successful conclusion by 15 February 1997, urge all WTO Members to strive for significant, balanced and non-discriminatory liberalization commitments on basic telecommunications by that date and recognize the importance of resolving the principal issues before the GBT`. The Declaration adopted by Ministers in Singapore (WT/MIN(96)/DEC) contained a commitment to 'achieve a successful conclusion to the negotiations on basic telecommunications in February 1997`. Ministers also stated 'We are determined to obtain a progressively higher level of liberalization in services on a mutually advantageous basis with appropriate flexibility for individual developing country members, as envisaged in the agreement, in the continuing negotiations and those scheduled to begin no later than 1 January 2000. In this context, we look forward to full MFN agreements based on improved market access commitments and national treatment`.4. In its discussions on outstanding issues, the Group considered the following matters: ways to ensure accurate scheduling of commitments - particularly with respect to supply of services over satellites and to the management of radio spectrum; potential anti-competitive distortion of trade in international services; the status of intergovernmental satellite organizations in relation to GATS provisions; and the extent to which basic telecommunications commitments include transport of video and/or broadcast signals within their scope.5. The Chairman issued notes reflecting his understanding of the position reached in discussion of the scheduling of commitments and management of radio spectrum. The first such note set out a number of assumptions applicable to the scheduling of commitments and was intended to assist in ensuring the transparency of commitments (S/GBT/W/2/Rev. 1 of 16 January 1997). The second addressed the allocation of radio spectrum, suggesting that the inclusion of references to the availability of spectrum in schedules was unnecessary and that such references should be deleted (S/GBT/W/3 of 3 February 1997). These notes are attached to this Report.6. By 15 February 1997 the total number of schedules submitted had reached 55 (counting as one the offer of the European Communities and their Member States). Nine governments had submitted lists of Article II Exemptions.7. The Group noted that five countries had taken Article II exemptions in respect of the application of differential accounting rates to services and service suppliers of other Members. In the light of the fact that the accounting rate system established under the International Telecommunications Regulations is the usual method of terminating international traffic and by its nature involves differential rates, and in order to avoid the submission of further such exemptions, it is the understanding of the Group that:- the application of such accounting rates would not give rise to action by Members under dispute settlement under the WTO, and- that this understanding will be reviewed not later than the commencement of the further Round of negotiations on services commitments due to begin not later than 1 January 2000.8. The Group also recalled paragraph 6 of the Decision of 30 April 1996, which stated that Members of the World Trade Organization which have not annexed to the Protocol schedules of commitments or lists of exemptions from Article II may submit, for approval by the Council, schedules of commitments and lists of exemptions from Article II relating to basic telecommunications prior to 1 January 1998.9. At its meeting of 15 February 1997, the Group adopted this report and the attached list of the Schedules of Commitments and Lists of Article II Exemptions, which, in accordance with paragraph 3 of the Decision on commitments in basic telecommunications, will be attached to the Fourth Protocol to the General Agreement on Trade in Services in replacement of those attached on 30 April 1996.NOTE BY THE CHAIRMAN Revision It has been suggested by a number of delegations that it might be helpful to produce a brief and simple note on assumptions applicable to the scheduling of commitments in basic telecoms. The purpose of the attached note is to assist delegations in ensuring the transparency of their commitments and to promote a better understanding of the meaning of commitments. This note is not intended to have or acquire any binding legal status.NOTES FOR SCHEDULING BASIC TELECOM SERVICES COMMITMENTS 1. Unless otherwise noted in the sector column, any basic telecom service listed in the sector column:(a) encompasses local, long distance and international services for public and non-public use;(b) may be provided on a facilities-basis or by resale; and(c) may be provided through any means of technology (e.g., cable (4), wireless, satellites).2. Subsector (g) - private leased circuit services - involves the ability of service suppliers to sell or lease any type of network capacity for the supply of services listed in any other basic telecom service subsector unless otherwise noted in the sector column. This would include capacity via cable, satellite and wireless network.3. In view of points 1 and 2 above, it should not be necessary to list cellular or mobile services as a separate subsector. However, a number of Members have done so, and a number of offers have commitments only in these subsectors. Therefore, in order to avoid extensive changes in schedules, it would seem appropriate for Members to maintain separate entries for these subsectors.CHAIRMAN'S NOTE Market access limitations on spectrum availability Many Members have entries in the market access column of their schedules indicating that commitments are 'subject to availability of spectrum/frequency` or similar wording. In light of the physical nature of spectrum and the constraints inherent in its use, it is understandable that Members may have sought to rely on these words to adequately protect legitimate spectrum management policies. There is, however, doubt that words such as 'subject to availability of spectrum/frequency` as listed in the market access column of many Members' schedules achieve that objective.Spectrum/frequency management is not, per se, a measure which needs to be listed under Article XVI. Furthermore under the GATS each Member has the right to exercise spectrum/frequency management, which may affect the number of service suppliers, provided that this is done in accordance with Article VI and other relevant provisions of the GATS. This includes the ability to allocate frequency bands taking into account existing and future needs. Also, Members which have made additional commitment in line with the reference paper on regulatory principles are bound by its paragraph 6.Therefore, words such as 'subject to availability of spectrum/frequency` are unnecessary and should be deleted from Members' schedules.(1) De bijlage is authentiek in de Engelse, Franse en Spaanse taal.(2) Suppliers of services or networks not generally available to the public, such as closed user groups, have guaranteed rights to connect with the public telecommunications transport network or services on terms, conditions and rates which are non-discrimantory, transparent and cost-oriented. Such terms, conditions and rates may, however, vary from the terms, conditions and rates applicable to interconnection between public telecommunications networks or services.(3) Different terms, conditions and rates may be set in the Community for operators in different market segments, on the basis of non-discriminatory and transparent national licensing provisions, where such differences can be objectively justified because these services are not considered "like services".(4) Including all types of cable.


text:
Il-liġi tan-numri kbar, imsejħa wkoll it-teorema ta' Bernoulli (għaliex l-ewwel formulazzjoni taha Jacob Bernoulli), tħares lejn l-imġiba tal-medja ta' sekwenza ta' varjabbli każwali indipendenti u distribwiti identikament (bħal qisien tal-istess kobor, tefgħat tal-istess munita eċċ.) meta tersaq lejn l-infinit.
 Każ partikulari tal-applikazzjoni tal-liġi tan-numri kbar hu t-tbassir probabbilistiku tal-proporzjon ta' suċċessi minn realizzazzjonijiet indipendenti ta' ġrajja : meta tersaq lejn l-infinit, il-proporzjon ta' suċċessi jikkonverġi għall-probabbiltà ta' (ara l-eżempju).
 Il-liġi qawwija tan-numri kbar
 Għal suċċessjoni ta' varjabbli każwali indipendenti u distribwiti identikament b'medja , il-medja kampjunarja hi
 Il-liġi (qawwija) tan-numri kbar tgħid li
 jiġifieri, il-medja kampjunarja tikkonverġi kważi ċertament għall-medja komuni tal-.
 Il-liġi dgħajfa tan-numri kbar
 Il-liġi (dgħajfa) tan-numri kbar tgħid li jekk tkun suċċessjoni ta' varjabbli każwali li għandhom l-istess medja , l-istess varjanza finita u indipendenti, imbagħad
 għal kull :
 jiġifieri, il-medja kampjunarja tikkonverġi fil-probabbiltà għall-medja komuni tal-.
 Konsegwenzi fl-istatistika
 Il-liġi tan-numri kbar tiggarantixxi li l-medja kampjunarja tagħtina stima konsistenti tal-medja ta' popolazzjoni; biżżejjed ngħidu li mħabba l-liġi tan-numri kbar nistgħu ikkolna fiduċja li l-medja li nikkalkulaw minn numru kbir biżżejjed ta' kampjuni hi qrib biżżejjed tal-medja vera.
 Eżempju
 Nissoponu li għandna ġrajja (bħall-fatt li t-tfigħ ta' damma jagħtina s-sitta) b'probabbiltà li ma nafuhiex (ma nafuhiex għax id-damma tista' tkun imbabsa, jew sempliċement difettuża: ma nistgħux inkunu nafu minn qabel).
 Jekk nitfgħu id-damma darba wara xulxin niksbu stima tal-probabbiltà li nġibu s-sitta b'dik id-damma, , li hi mogħtija minn
 fejn kull fis-somma tirrappreżenta tefgħa u tiswa wieħed jekk it-tefgħa tagħtina s-sitta u żero jekk jiġi numru ieħor. Il-liġi tan-numri kbar tafferma sempliċement li, iżjed ma nużaw provi biex nikkalkulaw l-istima, iżjed din tkun qrib, probabbilment, għall-probabbiltà vera tal-ġrajja, .
 Jekk l-istima li nikkalkulaw tkun qrib ħafna ta' wieħed f'sitta, li hi l-probabbiltà teorika li nġibu s-sitta għall-damma perfetta, nistgħu inkun ċerti mhux ħażin li d-damma m'hijiex imxaqilba lejn is-sitta (biex inkunu żguri li d-damma ma xxaqlibx lejn l-ebda numru irridu nirrepetu l-provi għall-ħames numri l-oħra). Xi tfisser żguri mhux ħażin jiddipendi minn kemm irridu nkunu preċiżi fil-provi tagħna: b'għaxar tefgħat ikollna stima raffa, b'mija jkollna waħda iżjed preċiża, b'elf iżjed u nibqgħu sejjrin hekk: il-valur ta' li lesti li naċċettaw bħala biżżejjed jiddependi mill-grad ta' każwalità li naħsbu li hu neċessarju għad-damma li qegħdin nużaw.
 B'iżjed rigur
 Ħalli tkun suċċessjoni ta' spazji ta' probabbiltà. Inħarsu lejn l-ispazju prodott u fih suċċessjoni Bernoulljana ta' ġrajjiet (stokastikament indipendenti u b'probabbiltà kostanti ), . Għal kull element niddefinixxu l-frekwenza ta' suċċess f' provi, , fejn turi n-numru ta' suċċessi miksuba f' provi.
 Il-liġi dgħajfa tan-numri kbar
 B'din in-notazzjoni il-liġi nistgħu niktbuha:
 , .
 Prova:
 Jekk niffissaw u nużaw id-diżugwaljanza ta' Čebyšëv
 Jekk għandha distribuzzjoni binomjali, jkollna
 u
 mil-liema
 u .
 Meta nissostitwixxu niksbu:
 u la , ,
 Imma , u għalhekk ipprovajna l-liġi dgħajfa.
 Nota: Il-liġi dgħajfa tan-numri kbar ma tiżgurax li, nagħżlu kif nagħżlu , kważi ċertament jekk nibdew minn ċertu il-valur ta' ħa jibqa inqas jew daqs , jiġifieri li s-sett ħa jkun -traskurabbli.
 Infatti, jekk nagħmlu d-definizzjoni tal-limitu iżjed espliċita, insibu li:
 imma m'hemm xejn li jiżgura li ma tiddiverġiex meta .
 Il-liġi qawwija tan-numri kbar
 Minn naħa l-oħra l-liġi qawwija tan-numri kbar: :
 timplika li ,
 u din l-asserzjoni tal-aħħar timplika l-liġi dagħjfa tan-numri kbar.
 Prova taż-żewġ implikazzjonijiet:
 1.
 Billi nagħmlu d-definizzjoni tal-limitu espiliċita u ngħaddu għall-kumplement, nistgħu nifformolaw il-liġi qawwija b'dal-mod:
 Meta nittrasformaw il-kwantifikatur eżistenzjali f'unjoni, din issir:
 Issa jekk , bil-monotonija ta' għandna
 u mela
 2.
 Minn naħa l-oħra jekk nassumu din tal-aħħar u nittrasformaw ukoll il-kwantifikaturi f'operazzjoniet tas-settijiet, ikollna:
 Imma, billi hemm intersezzjoni ta' suċċessjoni ta' settijiet li ma jikbrux, bil-monotonija ta' , nistgħu niktbu:
 Imbagħad bil-monotonija ta' niksbu għal kull .
 li hi l-liġi dagħjfa tan-numri kbar.
 Prova tal-liġi qawwija:
 Digà rajna li l-asserzjoni hi ekwivalenti għal:
 Din hi wkoll ekwivalenti għal:
 Bis-subadditività
 Mela, billi mhux negattiva, jekk nuru li
 inkunu pprovajna l-liġi qawwija. L-ewwel ħa nipprovaw din għas-sottosuċċessjoni , jiġifieri
 .
 Biex nagħmlu dan, bil-lemma ta' Borel-Cantelli, biżżejjed li nivverifikaw li l-espressjoni li ġejja tikkonverġi
 Bid-diżugwaljanza ta' Čebyšëv insibu li
 minn fejn:
 Imma nafu li din is-serje tikkonverġi u għalhekk għandna li ,
 Issa ninotaw li kull numru naturali n qiegħed bejn żewġ kwadrati konsekuttivi, jiġifieri, hekk li
 minn fejn inġibu
 Issa ninotaw li hi l-ikbar differenza possibbli bejn u , u għalhekk:
 u mela:
 Issa jekk nużaw , ikollna:
 Meta ngħaddu għall-limitu () u napplikaw ir-riżultat miksub għal , niksbu li, kważi ċertament:
 li ttemm il-prova.
 Noti
 Matematika
 Probabbiltà u statistika


text:
Is é Baile Átha Luain nó Áth Luain (Athlone as Béarla) nó Bl'Áth Luain sa chaint (de réir tuairiscí ón 19ú haois) ar na bailte is mó i gContae na hIarmhí i lár na hÉireann. Dar leis an daonáireamh de 2016 tá daonra de 21,349 ag an mbaile. Tá sé suite ar Abhainn na Sionna idir Gaillimh agus Baile Átha Cliath. Tá stáisiún traenach ar an mbaile, freisin, agus stopann líne na Gaillimhe ann, mar aon le línte Bhéal Átha an Fheadha agus Chathair na Mart. Tá Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit agus Institiúid Teicneolaíochta Bhaile Átha Luain suite ann.
 Tá ionad traenála ag an arm ar an mbaile, atá an-ghar do lár na tíre ina hiomláine. Chuireadh Sinn Féin an baile ar aghaidh mar phríomhbhaile ar an tír, agus í athaontaithe agus í á riaradh ina ceithre chúige, ina gcuid moltaí "Éire Nua".
 Cúpla ciliméadar ó dheas de tá Cluain Mhic Nóis, mainistir a bhunaigh Naomh Ciarán i 548, agus a bhí ina ionad léinn ar feadh na gcéadta bliain.
 Stair Bhaile Átha Luain
 Bunaidh agus luathstair
 Tháinig Baile Átha Luain chun cinn mar phointe trasnaithe tábhachtach na Sionna. Rinne eascracha na tíre áth nádúrtha ann. Tá an áth seo tábhachtach ón Chré-umhaois de réir leithéid ó aois na cré-umha atá faighte ar an grinneall abhann. Ina theannta sin, tá seans ann go raibh mainistir neamhthaifeadta Luath-Chríostaí suite i mBaile Átha Luain mar fuarthas go leor uaigheanna luath-Chríostaí sa cheantar. Thóg Toirdhealbhach Ó Conchubhair go leor droichid shealadacha thar an abhainn ag Baile Átha Luain chun dul go dtí an Mhí sa 12ú haois.
 An Chaisleán
 Thóg an rí Toirdhealbhach Ó Conchubhair caisleán admaid sa bhaile i 1129. Shroich na Normannigh an tSionnain roimh 1200. Thuig siad go raibh tábhacht stratéiseach ag baint le Baile Átha Luain agus sa bhliain 1210 thosaigh an t-easpag John de Gray, giúisteoir do Rí Eoin tógáil an chaisleán as cloiche. Chabraigh sé lena ngluaiseacht chun tosaigh i gCúige Chonnacht. Bhí tábhacht mhíleata leis an mbaile mar gheall ar a suíomh i lár na tíre agus bhí garastúin ann ag Arm na Breataine.
 Cogadh an Dá Rí
 Rinneadh léigear ar an bhaile i 1690 nuair a bhí Cogadh an Dá Rí ar siúl. Ba daingean na Seacaibíteach é Baile Átha Luain. Sa chéad léigear, níor éirigh le Liam III Shasana agus 10,000 saighdiúirí an baile a ghabail le cuidiú mór ó Sáirsint Chostúim. Tháinig an Chlann Bhullaí ar ais go baile Átha Luain i 1691 agus tar éis catha a mhair deich lá d'éirigh leis an nGinearál Godart van Ginkel an baile a ghabháil i mí an Mheithimh 1691.
 Déimeagrafaic
 Sa bhliain 2016 bhí 21,349 ina gcónaí i mBaile Átha Luain. Tá an baile ag fás go tapa. Mhéadaigh an daonra sé faoin gcéad ón mbliain 2011 go 2016. Tá an rata fás seo níos airde ná an meán náisiúnta (3.6%). Tá an baile níos ilchultúrtha ná an meán náisiúnta freisin. De réir dhaonáireamh 2016, rugadh 22.8% den daonra taobh amuigh d'Éirinn. Dúirt 30.5% nár Éireannach geal iad. Éireannaigh gorma iad 3.6% den daonra agus Áisigh Éireannacha iad 5.3% den daonra. Bhí cúlra geal eile ag 14.1% den daonra. Luaigh 73.4% go raibh an creideamh Caitliceach acu. Bhí creideamh eile ag 14.4% acu agus ní raibh creideamh ar bith ag 9% acu.
 Dúirt 31.8% go raibh Gaeilge labhartha acu ach níor labhair ach 170 duine Gaeilge go laethúil taobh amuigh den córas oideachasach. Bhí teanga seachas Béarla agus Gaeilge ag duine as ceathrar. ba iad an Pholainnis, an Fhraincis agus an Liotuáinis na teangacha is mó labhairt.
 Forbairtí le Déanaí
 Sa bhliain 2007, osclaíodh Lárionad Bhaile Átha Luain, ionad siopadóireacht le breis is 60 siopaí, bialainne agus caifí, agus óstán ceithre réalta. Sa bhliain 2012, athosclaíodh an chaisleán tar éis athchóiriú a rinne taispeántas ag taispeáint stair an bhaile. Sa bhliain chéanna, osclaíodh an Gailearaí Luain , an chéad dánlann chomhaimseartha fhísiúil sa réigiún lár na tíre. Tógadh iarbhunscoil mhór sa bhaile i 2014 agus tá pleananna ann d'iarbhunscoil eile a thógáil.
 Daoine Cáiliúla ón Áth Luain
 Robert Henshaw, (1993-) imreoir rugbaí
 Seán William McLoughlin, (1990-) "youtubálaí" cáiliúil ar Youtube
 Nicky McFadden, (1962-2014) Teachta Dála
 Brendan Shine, (1947-) amhránaí agus ceoltóir Éireannach
 Máire Uí Ruairc, (1937-) iar-leas-cheannaire Fhianna Fáil
 John McCormack, (1884-1945) teanór Éireannach de chlú domhanda
 Comhchathracha
 Athlone, Victoria, An Astráil
 Comhchathracha
 Châteaubriant, An Fhrainc
 Tagairtí
 Naisc sheachtracha
 Stair Bhaile Átha Luain
 Suíomh Gréasáin Oifigiúil
 Bailte i gContae na hIarmhí
 Contae na hIarmhí


text:
11 . 7 . 75 Publikatieblad van de Europese Gemeenschappen Nr. L 181 /33
 OVEREENKOMST
 tussen de Europese Economische Gemeenschap en het Wereldvoedselprogram
 ma betreffende de levering van graan als voedselhulp ten behoeve van ontwikke
 lingslanden
 DE RAAD VAN DE EUROPESE GEMEENSCHAPPEN,
 enerzijds,
 HET WERELDVOEDSELPROGRAMMA,
 gemeenschappelijk programma van de Verenigde Naties en de Voedsel- en Landbouworganisatie van
 de Verenigde Naties,
 anderzijds,
 Overwegende dat het Wereldvoedselprogramma ten doel heeft de in het kader van het programma
 ontvangen bijdragen aan te wenden om in bepaalde dringende voedselbehoeften te voorzien en om
 projecten uit te voeren waarbij levensmiddelen ten behoeve van de economische en sociale ontwikke
 ling worden aangewend ;
 Overwegende dat in de Europese Economische Gemeenschap voorraden graan bestaan ; dat, ten ein
 de tot de verwezenlijking van de doelstellingen van het Wereldvoedselprogramma bij te dragen, de
 Gemeenschap heeft besloten een bepaalde hoeveelheid graan ter beschikking van dit programma te
 stellen ,
 HEBBEN BESLOTEN deze Overeenkomst te sluiten en hebben daartoe als gevolmachtigden aange
 wezen :
 DE RAAD VAN DE EUROPESE GEMEENSCHAPPEN :
 HET WERELDVOEDSELPROGRAMMA :
 DIE OMTRENT DE VOLGENDE BEPALINGEN OVEREENSTEMMING HEBBEN BEREIKT :
 Artikel I Artikel III
 In het kader van haar programma voor voedselhulp De leveringen geschieden fob volgens de voorwaarden
 met graan voor het jaar 1973/ 1974, leyert de Europese vermeld in de bijlage, die een integrerend deel van
 Economische Gemeenschap, hierna „Gemeenschap" deze Overeenkomst vormt, of in een daarmee over
 genoemd, als gift aan het Wereldvoedselprogramma, eenkomend stadium volgens nader vast te stellen
 hierna „ontvangende instelling" genoemd, ten behoeve voorwaarden .
 van ontwikkelingslanden, een hoeveelheid produkten
 die overeenkomt met 30 000 ton onbewerkt graan . Artikel IV
 1 . De ontvangende instelling verplicht zich ertoe
 Artikel II
 alle nodige maatregelen te nemen voor het vervoer en
 de verzekering van het geleverde produkt vanaf de
 De 30 000 ton onbewerkt graan worden als zodanig of plaats van levering tot de plaats van bestemming en
 in de vorm van produkten van eerste verwerking gele voor de distributie daarvan .
 verd overeenkomstig de door de ontvangende instel
 ling ingediende en door de Gemeenschap goedge 2. De Gemeenschap verstrekt aan de ontvangende
 keurde aanvragen . De produkten worden geleverd on instelling een bijdrage in de in lid 1 bedoelde kosten
 verpakt of verpakt in nieuwe jute of katoenen zakken ten bedrage van 16 rekeneenheden voor elke ton on
 met een netto inhoud van 50 kilogram, al naar gelang bewerkt graan of voor het equivalent daarvan in pro
 de behoeften van de projecten. dukten van eerste verwerking. Deze bijdrage wordt
 ---pagebreak--- Nr. L 181 /34 Publikatieblad van de Europese Gemeenschappen 11 . 7. 75
 uitbetaald voor elke overname door de ontvangende teit van de geloste goederen ; datum waarop het
 instelling dertig dagen nadat de Gemeenschap de in lossen is beëindigd ;
 artikel 10 van de bijlage bedoelde brief van overname
 heeft ontvangen . — op gezette tijden totdat de als hulp ontvangen
 produkten zijn opgebruikt : inlichtingen over de
 voortgang van de projecten waarvoor de Gemeen
 Artikel V
 schap bijstand heeft verleend, met name gedistri
 De ontvangende instelling verbindt zich ertoe het als bueerde hoeveelheden, aaintal en hoedanigheid van
 hulp ontvangen produkt te gebruiken voor de verwe de ontvangers van de hulp en plaatsen, tempo en
 zenlijking van spoedacties en projecten voor eco wijze van distributie.
 nomische en sociale ontwikkeling of voedselhulp, die
 vooraf door de Gemeenschap zijn goedgekeurd. Artikel VII
 Op verzoek van een van de Partijen vindt overleg tus
 Artikel VI sen de Partijen bij de Overeenkomst plaats over alle
 De ontvangende instelling verbindt zich ertoe de Ge vraagstukken in verband met de toepassing van deze
 Overeenkomst.
 meenschap op de hoogte te houden van de voorwaar
 den waaronder deze Overeenkomst wordt uitgevoerd.
 Daartoe verstrekt zij aan de Commissie van de Euro Artikel VIII
 pese Gemeenschappen de volgende gegevens : Deze Overeenkomst is opgesteld in twee exemplaren
 — binnen een redelijke termijn na het lossen : haven in de Deense, de Duitse, de Engelse, de Franse, de Ita
 en datum van aankomst van het schip ; aard, hoe liaanse, de Nederlandse en de Spaanse taal, zijnde alle
 veelheid en eventueel opmerkingen over de kwali teksten gelijkelijk authentiek.
 BIJLAGE
 BEPALINGEN INZAKE LEVERING EN OVERNAME
 HOOFDSTUK I samen met de haven of de havens van inlading. Alleen voor
 zeeschepen toegankelijke, in het internationale vrachtverkeer
 ingeschakelde zeehavens kunnen worden aangewezen. De
 Algemene bepalingen
 ontvangende instelling wijst voor elke haven van inlading
 een gemachtigde aan, wiens naam en adres zij onverwijld en,
 Artikel 1 indien mogelijk, vóór de aanwijzing van de gemachtigde van
 de Gemeenschap aan de Gemeenschap mededeelt.
 De levering is verricht en de risico's gaan van de Gemeen
 schap over op de ontvangende instelling op het ogenblik Artikel 4
 waarop de goederen in de door de Commissie van de Euro
 pese Gemeenschappen aangewezen plaats van uitvoer zijn Alvorens aan te vangen met de procedure voor de aanwijzing
 gedeponeerd op de door de ontvangende instelling of haar in van de in artikel 3 bedoelde gemachtigde van de Gemeen
 artikel 3 bedoelde gemachtigde, aangegeven plaats, onder de schap stellen de Commissie van de Europese Gemeenschap
 voorwaarden neergelegd in de onderhavige bijlage . Onver pen en de ontvangende instelling in onderlinge overeen
 minderd het bepaalde in de artikelen 8 en 9 komen de kos stemming de termijn vast waarbinnen met de levering moet
 ten tot en met de levering voor rekening van de Gemeen worden begonnen.
 schap en de kosten rta de levering voor rekening van de ont
 vangende instelling.
 HOOFDSTUK II
 Artikel 2
 Verplichtingen van de Gemeenschap
 Bij de levering van de goederen geldt een tolerantie van 5 %
 onder de in artikel I van de Overeenkomst aangegeven hoe
 veelheid . Artikel 5
 Indien de Gemeenschap niet in staat is de levering op de in
 Artikel 3 artikel 7 bedoelde datum of, in voorkomend geval, in het in
 dat artikel bedoelde tempo te verrichten, komen de voor de
 De Gemeenschap wijst voor de uitvoering van de bepalingen ontvangende instelling eventueel hieruit voortvloeiende kos
 van deze bijlage — eventueel voor elke partij goederen — ten , bij voorbeeld overliggeld, foutvracht en wanvracht, voor
 een gemachtigde aan, wiens naam en adres zij dadelijk na rekening van de Gemeenschap, mits deze kosten overeen
 zijn aanwijzing aan de ontvangende instelling mededeelt, komen met de normaal geldende.
 ---pagebreak--- 11 . 7. 75 Publikatieblad van de Europese Gemeenschappen Nr. L 181 /35
 Artikel 6 nen, en, in voorkomend geval, een ander tempo van levering,
 overeenkomen . Behoudens overmacht, komen de uit zulk
 Indien de Gemeenschap de goederen of een deel daarvan oponthoud voortvloeiende kosten voor rekening van de ont
 niet op de datum en binnen de termijn bedoeld in artikel 7 vangende instelling.
 kan leveren, stelt zij de ontvangende instelling hiervan zo
 spoedig mogelijk, en uiterlijk binnen 8 dagen, schriftelijk op Indien de nieuwe datum meer dan 30 volle dagen na de in
 de hoogte ; de gemachtigden van de twee partijen komen artikel 7, eerste alinea, bedoelde datum valt, kan de Gemeen
 dan, onverminderd het bepaalde in artikel 5, een nieuwe da schap, onverminderd de in artikel I van de Overeenkomst
 tum en een nieuwe termijn overeen . vervatte verplichting, over de goederen beschikken .
 HOOFDSTUK III Artikel 9
 Indien de voor inlading in een schip bestemde hoeveelheid
 Verplichtingen van de ontvangende instelling niet geheel aan boord kan worden gebracht, deelt de ontvan
 gende instelling de Gemeenschap zo spoedig mogelijk en
 Artikel 7 uiterlijk 15 volle dagen nadat het inladen is geëindigd mede,
 of zij voornemens is de resterende hoeveelheid te nemen of
 Voor het vervoer stelt de ontvangende instelling, na hierover niet.
 contact met de Gemeenschap te hebben opgenomen, een of
 meer schepen beschikbaar, waarvan de afmetingen overeen In het eerste geval zijn de bepalingen van artikel 8, tweede
 komen met de normale mogelijkheden van de haven van in en derde alinea, van toepassing op deze resterende hoeveel
 lading en die voor belading gereed moeten zijn op een da heid, indien de levering daarvan nog niet heeft plaatsgevon
 tum binnen de in artikel 4 bedoelde termijn . den .
 De gemachtigde van de ontvangende instelling deelt deze da In het tweede geval mag de Gemeenschap oordelen dat zij de
 tum en de datum waarop met de levering moet worden be in artikel I van de Overeenkomst vervatte verplichting jegens
 gonnen aan de Gemeenschap mede zodra hij deze data kent, de ontvangende instelling is nagekomen en neemt zij de kos
 en wel indien mogelijk 20 dagen en in elk geval 10 volle da ten die uit het afzien van deze resterende hoeveelheid voort
 gen vóór de datum waarop met de levering moet worden be vloeien voor haar rekening.
 gonnen .
 In elk geval wordt, nadat de termijn van 15 volle dagen is
 Hij bepaalt met de gemachtigde van de Gemeenschap het verstreken en indien geen bericht van de ontvangende instel
 tempo waarin de levering moet geschieden . ling is ontvangen, deze instelling geacht van de resterende
 hoeveelheid af te zien .
 Artikel 8
 Indien de ontvangende instelling niet in staat is op de in ar Artikel 10
 tikel 7, eerste alinea, bedoelde datum met het inladen te be
 ginnen, stelt haar gemachtigde de gemachtigde van de Ge Bij de levering van de goederen overhandigt de gemachtigde
 meenschap zo spoedig mogelijk en uiterlijk binnen 8 dagen van de ontvangende instelling aan de gemachtigde van de
 daarvan schriftelijk in kennis. Gemeenschap een brief van overname met vermelding van
 de haven van inlading, de datum van overname, alsmede de
 In dit geval kunnen de gemachtigden van beide partijen een aard en de hoeveelheid van de overgenomen goederen en
 nieuwe datum, waarop met de levering moet worden begon eventuele opmerkingen over de kwaliteit van deze goederen .
 Mededeling inzake de ondertekening van de Overeenkomst betreffende de leve
 ring van voedselhulp tussen de Europese Economische Gemeenschap en het
 Wereldvoedselprogramma
 De Overeenkomst tussen de Europese Economische Gemeenschap en het Wereldvoed
 selprogramma betreffende de levering van graan als voedselhulp, tot sluiting waarvan de
 Raad heeft besloten op 20 mei 1975, is te Brussel ondertekend op 22 mei 1975,
 namens de Raad van de Europese Gemeenschappen door de heer Andrew O'Rourke, Ge
 volmachtigd Minister, Voorzitter van het Comité van Plaatsvervangende Permanente Ver
 tegenwoordigers en door de heer Jean Durieux, Directeur bij het Directoraat-generaal
 voor Ontwikkeling en Samenwerking van de Commissie van de Europese Gemeenschap
 pen ,
 namens het Wereldvoedselprogramma door de heer Thomas Robinson, Adjunct Uitvoe
 rend Directeur.