--	O
basically	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
unanimously	O
agreed	O
upon	O
by	O
the	O
various	O
relevant	O
parties	O
.	O


To	O
express	O
its	O
determination	O
,	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
securities	O
regulatory	O
department	O
compares	O
this	O
stock	O
reform	O
to	O
a	O
die	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
cast	O
.	O


It	O
takes	O
time	O
to	O
prove	O
whether	O
the	O
stock	O
reform	O
can	O
really	O
meet	O
expectations	O
,	O
and	O
whether	O
any	O
deviations	O
that	O
arise	O
during	O
the	O
stock	O
reform	O
can	O
be	O
promptly	O
corrected	O
.	O


Dear	O
viewers	O
,	O
the	O
China	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
program	O
will	O
end	O
here	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
Xu	B-PERSON
Li	I-PERSON
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
everyone	O
for	O
watching	O
.	O


Coming	O
up	O
is	O
the	O
Focus	B-ORG
Today	I-ORG
program	O
hosted	O
by	O
Wang	B-PERSON
Shilin	I-PERSON
.	O


Good-bye	O
,	O
dear	O
viewers	O
.	O


Hello	O
,	O
dear	O
viewers	O
.	O


Welcome	O
to	O
Focus	B-ORG
Today	I-ORG
.	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
let	O
's	O
turn	O
our	O
attention	O
to	O
a	O
road	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
that	O
happened	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
over	O
the	O
holiday	O
.	O


Before	O
dawn	O
on	O
January	B-DATE
3	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
sewage	O
pipe	O
leakage	O
accident	O
occurred	O
at	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
side	O
roads	O
of	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
,	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
the	O
road	O
caving	O
in	O
.	O


Relevant	O
departments	O
from	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
promptly	O
activated	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
.	O


The	O
traffic	O
administration	O
department	O
carried	O
out	O
traffic	O
supervision	O
near	O
the	O
accident	O
scene	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
how	O
did	O
the	O
emergency	O
response	O
mechanisms	O
activated	O
by	O
governmental	O
departments	O
operate	O
effectively	O
during	O
the	O
holiday	O
?	O


After	O
the	O
holiday	O
,	O
what	O
will	O
be	O
done	O
to	O
handle	O
citizens	O
'	O
peak	O
commute	O
?	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
what	O
measures	O
did	O
relevant	O
departments	O
take	O
to	O
resolve	O
issues	O
such	O
as	O
waste	O
discharge	O
,	O
heating	O
,	O
and	O
communication	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
citizens	O
were	O
not	O
affected	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
invited	O
two	B-CARDINAL
honorable	O
guests	O
to	O
the	O
studio	O
today	B-DATE
to	O
follow	O
this	O
topic	O
with	O
us	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
honorable	O
guests	O
in	O
the	O
studio	O
is	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
Hanhua	I-PERSON
from	O
the	B-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Law	I-ORG
of	O
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Academy	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Social	I-ORG
Sciences	I-ORG
.	O


Hello	O
.	O


Next	O
is	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
Beijing	B-ORG
Traffic	I-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
Station	I-ORG
.	O


Hello	O
.	O


Welcome	O
both	O
of	O
you	O
to	O
the	O
studio	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
our	O
program	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
especially	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
,	O
ha	O
,	O
how	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
of	O
you	O
found	O
out	O
the	O
news	O
on	O
the	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
accident	O
?	O


Ah	O
,	O
,	O
about	B-TIME
11:00	I-TIME
m.	I-TIME
yesterday	I-TIME
,	O
ah	O
,	O
I	O
happened	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
through	O
an	O
SMS	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
outside	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


It	O
happened	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
lunch	O
with	O
a	O
friend	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
at	O
noon	B-TIME
.	O


And	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
friend	O
first	B-ORDINAL
sent	O
me	O
an	O
SMS	O
,	O
Uh-huh	O
.	O
saying	O
he	O
would	O
come	O
pick	O
me	O
up	O
to	O
go	O
together	O
.	O


After	O
that	O
,	O
I	O
received	O
an	O
SMS	O
from	O
1860	B-CARDINAL
.	O


Uh-huh	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
through	O
an	O
SMS	O
.	O


And	O
you	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
?	O


A	O
friend	O
happened	O
to	O
call	O
me	O
.	O


You	O
were	O
not	O
at	O
work	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
?	O


No	O
.	O


The	O
station	O
called	O
me	O
at	O
noon	B-TIME
and	O
said	O
something	O
happened	O
at	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
and	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
station	O
immediately	O
to	O
research	O
the	O
upcoming	O
program	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
,	O
that	O
means	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
you	O
found	O
out	O
the	O
accident	O
through	O
an	O
information	O
source	O
at	O
the	O
station	O
.	O


Right	O
,	O
right	O
,	O
right	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
like	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
,	O
I	O
also	O
received	O
this	O
news	O
,	O
ha	O
,	O
through	O
a	O
mobile	O
phone	O
SMS	O
.	O


At	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
this	O
SMS	O
was	O
among	O
the	O
many	O
,	O
ha	O
,	O
SMS	O
containing	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
wishes	O
,	O
like	O
Happy	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
,	O
received	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
New	I-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
actually	O
I	O
felt	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
warmth	O
when	O
I	O
received	O
that	O
SMS	O
.	O


Although	O
we	O
live	O
in	O
the	O
west	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
east	O
and	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
us	O
much	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
useful	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
to	O
inform	O
people	O
of	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
news	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
exceptionally	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
exceptionally	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
what	O
in	O
fact	O
was	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
that	O
SMS	O
?	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
via	O
this	O
footage	O
,	O
ha	O
.	O


I	O
remember	O
the	O
SMS	O
was	O
written	O
like	O
this	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
sewage	O
pipe	O
leakage	O
accident	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
road	O
at	O
the	O
southeast	O
corner	O
of	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
at	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
and	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
traffic	O
supervision	O
was	O
implemented	O
near	O
Chaoyang	B-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
,	O
and	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
and	O
requesting	O
cars	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
detour	O
.	O


Some	O
car	O
owners	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
very	O
good	O
that	O
the	O
SMS	O
was	O
sent	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
last	O
sentence	O
in	O
that	O
SMS	O
thanking	O
citizens	O
for	O
their	O
cooperation	O
and	O
support	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
SMS	O
was	O
sent	O
,	O
,	O
I	O
felt	O
it	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
that	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
,	O
ah	O
,	O
used	O
an	O
SMS	O
to	O
give	O
notification	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
a	O
public	O
emergency	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
us	O
are	O
living	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
is	O
this	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
,	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
?	O


Yes	O
,	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
an	O
official	O
notification	O
,	O
this	O
should	O
be	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
one	O
was	O
sent	O
officially	O
through	O
1860	B-CARDINAL
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
in	O
private	O
life	O
,	O
people	O
have	O
used	O
SMS	O
countless	O
times	O
to	O
spread	O
news	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Other	O
places	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
must	O
have	O
used	O
this	O
too	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
,	O
uh-huh	O
.	O


Must	O
have	O
used	O
this	O
too	O
.	O


Actually	O
,	O
I	O
remember	O
receiving	O
an	O
SMS	O
like	O
this	O
one	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
before	O
it	O
snowed	O
,	O
since	O
snowfall	O
would	O
affect	O
road	O
conditions	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
to	O
a	O
rather	O
large	O
extent	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
give	O
people	O
such	O
a	O
special	O
feeling	O
as	O
it	O
did	O
this	O
time	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
when	O
an	O
SMS	O
is	O
sent	O
to	O
inform	O
citizens	O
of	O
such	O
an	O
incident	O
,	O
can	O
it	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
work	O
method	O
or	O
expression	O
of	O
government	O
information	O
transparency	O
?	O


Yes	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
indeed	O
through	O
the	O
very	O
successful	O
response	O
to	O
this	O
emergency	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
by	O
Beijing	B-ORG
Municipality	I-ORG
,	O
Uh-huh	O
.	O
an	O
extremely	O
good	O
point	O
that	O
is	O
worth	O
pondering	O
deeply	O
,	O
worthy	O
innovation	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
previously	O
our	O
news	O
announcements	O
were	O
made	O
through	O
some	O
conventional	O
methods	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
made	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
mobile	O
phone	O
SMS	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
method	O
highly	O
emphasized	O
in	O
various	O
countries	O
'	O
development	O
of	O
e-government	O
.	O


We	O
usually	O
make	O
it	O
sound	O
like	O
e-government	O
is	O
something	O
unattainable	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
when	O
we	O
talked	O
about	O
e-government	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
it	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
only	O
done	O
through	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


It	O
seemed	O
that	O
computers	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Internet	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
were	O
an	O
expression	O
of	O
e-government	O
,	O
to	O
let	O
people	O
find	O
out	O
information	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
presently	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
e-governments	O
in	O
various	O
countries	O
apply	O
this	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
last	O
multiple	O
-	O
exposure	O
method	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
call	O
centers	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
electronic	O
IDs	O
,	O
and	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
these	O
electronic	O
signatures	O
.	O


These	O
are	O
quite	O
sophisticated	O
forms	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


In	O
particular	O
,	O
more	O
terminals	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
this	O
cable	O
television	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
,	O
this	O
digital	O
television	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
mobile	O
phone	O
SMS	O
,	O
are	O
applied	O
in	O
e-government	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
,	O
a	O
test	O
of	O
e-government	O
because	O
,	O
as	O
I	O
remember	O
,	O
during	O
SARS	O
in	O
2003	B-DATE
,	O
people	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
criticized	O
e-government	O
during	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
SARS	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
that	O
e-government	O
was	O
very	O
good	O
but	O
was	O
not	O
put	O
into	O
use	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
this	O
time	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
a	O
short	O
SMS	O
like	O
this	O
can	O
fully	O
create	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
government	O
and	O
the	O
public	O
through	O
this	O
e-government	O
form	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


We	O
drive	O
often	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
ha	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
.	O


If	O
people	O
were	O
not	O
informed	O
of	O
such	O
a	O
traffic	O
accident	O
through	O
SMS	O
on	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
and	O
they	O
continued	O
to	O
head	O
there	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
would	O
happen	O
if	O
people	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
what	O
was	O
going	O
on	O
and	O
the	O
jam	O
did	O
not	O
clear	O
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
real	O
paralysis	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
appropriate	O
word	O
to	O
use	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
when	O
SMS	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
announce	O
the	O
news	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
fit	O
the	O
conditions	O
in	O
our	O
China	B-GPE
very	O
well	O
.	O


Why	O
is	O
that	O
so	O
?	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
the	O
country	O
with	O
the	O
highest	O
SMS	O
usage	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
probably	O
not	O
as	O
many	O
chances	O
to	O
use	O
SMS	O
in	O
foreign	O
countries	O
compared	O
with	O
domestically	O
,	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
ah	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
penetration	O
was	O
quite	O
high	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
most	O
familiar	O
method	O
,	O
most	O
used	O
by	O
everyone	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
most	O
prompt	O
and	O
most	O
convenient	O
method	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
announcement	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
I	O
noticed	O
that	O
many	O
friends	O
,	O
around	O
me	O
received	O
it	O
.	O


It	O
seems	O
that	O
almost	O
everyone	O
received	O
this	O
SMS	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


The	O
effect	O
was	O
extremely	O
good	O
,	O
ha	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
how	O
exactly	O
did	O
citizens	O
react	O
?	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
reactions	O
of	O
citizens	O
.	O


--	O
an	O
SMS	O
.	O


I	O
saw	O
it	O
was	O
that	B-FAC
Jingguang	I-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
.	O


Hey	O
,	O
I	O
say	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
quite	O
good	O
,	O
quite	O
good	O
.	O


Have	O
you	O
received	O
information	O
like	O
this	O
before	O
?	O


No	O
,	O
no	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
.	O


The	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
?	O


Yes	O
,	O
yes	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
of	O
the	O
speed	O
at	O
which	O
the	O
government	O
responded	O
this	O
time	O
?	O


Quite	O
fast	O
.	O


Really	O
quite	O
fast	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
drive	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


I	O
set	O
out	O
a	O
bit	O
earlier	O
and	O
took	O
the	O
subway	O
here	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
was	O
fast	O
this	O
time	O
?	O


Ah	O
,	O
the	O
response	O
was	O
quite	O
fast	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
various	O
media	O
announcements	O
were	O
also	O
quite	O
prompt	O
.	O


Colleagues	O
and	O
friends	O
also	O
informed	O
one	O
another	O
by	O
phone	O
calls	O
and	O
SMS	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
this	O
plan	O
was	O
quite	O
speedy	O
.	O


It	O
seems	O
that	O
through	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
SMS	O
,	O
citizens	O
responded	O
very	O
well	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
was	O
excellent	O
,	O
ha	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
apart	O
from	O
the	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
point	O
on	O
information	O
disclosure	O
brought	O
out	O
by	O
this	O
accident	O
,	O
the	O
fact	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
activation	O
of	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
by	O
the	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
government	O
has	O
also	O
left	O
people	O
with	O
a	O
very	O
deep	O
impression	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
find	O
out	O
the	O
situation	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
through	O
some	O
footage	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
after	O
the	O
road	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
traffic	O
police	O
and	O
emergency	O
rescue	O
personnel	O
rushed	O
to	O
the	O
scene	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
to	O
direct	O
traffic	O
and	O
carry	O
out	O
emergency	O
repair	O
of	O
sewage	O
pipes	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
lots	O
of	O
barricade	O
tape	O
has	O
been	O
strung	O
up	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
road	O
in	O
the	O
north	O
-	O
south	O
direction	O
of	O
the	O
accident	O
scene	O
beneath	O
the	B-FAC
Jingguang	I-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
at	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
.	O


All	O
personnel	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
emergency	O
repair	O
of	O
underground	O
sewage	O
pipes	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
have	O
arrived	O
at	O
their	O
designated	O
locations	O
.	O


See	O
,	O
through	O
this	O
footage	O
,	O
we	O
see	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
this	O
--	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Okay	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
,	O
this	O
emergency	O
repair	O
worker	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
there	O
at	O
4	B-TIME
o'clock	I-TIME
.	O


That	O
means	O
that	O
they	O
arrived	O
at	O
the	O
scene	O
right	O
after	O
the	O
pre-dawn	O
accident	O
occurred	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
traffic	O
administration	O
department	O
was	O
activated	O
very	O
quickly	O
after	O
receiving	O
the	O
news	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
you	O
work	O
at	O
Traffic	B-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
Station	I-ORG
,	O
ha	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
you	O
all	O
gave	O
an	O
extensive	O
live	O
broadcast	O
this	O
morning	O
.	O


A	O
special	O
program	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
a	O
special	O
program	O
on	O
this	O
traffic	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
turn	O
our	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
impact	O
on	O
traffic	O
after	O
the	O
accident	O
.	O


Judging	O
from	O
the	O
traffic	O
control	O
measures	O
taken	O
after	O
the	O
accident	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
eventual	O
impact	O
caused	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
are	O
the	O
effects	O
?	O


Actually	O
,	O
concerning	O
this	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
both	O
of	O
you	O
are	O
very	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
traffic	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Previously	O
we	O
had	O
a	O
statistic	O
,	O
especially	O
for	O
the	O
ring	O
roads	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
if	O
we	O
have	O
an	O
ordinary	O
fender	O
bender	O
or	O
tailgate	O
accident	O
on	O
a	O
bridge	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-FAC
Jingguang	I-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
of	O
the	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
it	O
might	O
cause	O
the	O
entire	O
Third	B-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
to	O
have	O
bumper	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
bumper	O
traffic	O
jams	O
during	O
these	O
morning	O
and	O
evening	O
peak	O
periods	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


It	O
might	O
even	O
impact	O
traffic	O
on	O
the	O
Second	B-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
and	O
Fourth	B-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
.	O


Well	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
if	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
accident	O
,	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
it	O
occurs	O
until	O
the	O
time	O
all	O
traffic	O
is	O
cleared	O
,	O
it	O
probably	O
takes	O
about	B-TIME
half	I-TIME
an	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
to	I-TIME
an	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
during	O
peak	O
periods	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
could	O
not	O
imagine	O
imposing	O
temporary	O
traffic	O
restriction	O
measures	O
on	O
a	O
long	O
section	O
of	O
road	O
stretching	O
from	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
to	O
Changhong	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
from	O
the	O
south	O
all	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
Guomao	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
,	O
blocking	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
side	O
roads	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
the	O
situation	O
would	O
be	O
unthinkable	O
during	O
this	O
peak	O
period	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
day	O
of	O
work	O
for	O
everyone	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
before	O
6:30	B-TIME
a	I-TIME
.m	I-TIME
.	I-TIME
today	I-TIME
,	O
before	O
our	O
live	O
broadcast	O
,	O
we	O
moved	O
the	O
broadcast	O
forward	O
,	O
and	O
before	O
the	O
live	O
broadcast	O
we	O
were	O
very	O
worried	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
actually	O
after	O
the	B-DATE
entire	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
today	I-DATE
,	O
I	O
came	O
here	O
right	O
after	O
ending	O
the	O
live	O
broadcast	O
this	O
evening	O
to	O
continue	O
with	O
the	O
live	O
broadcast	O
here	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
today	B-DATE
people	O
indeed	O
experienced	O
an	O
extremely	O
high	O
volume	O
of	O
traffic	O
flow	O
on	O
the	O
roads	O
surrounding	O
the	O
section	O
under	O
traffic	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
indeed	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
big	O
traffic	O
jam	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
affected	O
area	O
was	O
not	O
as	O
large	O
as	O
expected	O
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
some	O
people	O
made	O
detours	O
once	O
they	O
received	O
the	O
news	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Psychologically	O
,	O
people	O
felt	O
quite	O
relieved	O
.	O


Because	O
I	O
know	O
this	O
situation	O
.	O


Right	O
,	O
like	O
those	O
whom	O
we	O
interviewed	O
just	O
now	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
easy	O
to	O
handle	O
once	O
everyone	O
understood	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
,	O
a	O
citizen	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
I	O
set	O
out	O
today	B-DATE
before	O
the	O
incident	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
drive	O
after	O
I	O
was	O
informed	O
.	O


That	O
person	O
did	O
not	O
even	O
drive	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Actually	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
aspect	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
citizens	O
were	O
really	O
quite	O
cooperative	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
this	O
evening	O
,	O
we	O
,	O
received	O
an	O
SMS	O
.	O


A	O
friend	O
said	O
,	O
I	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
12th	B-ORDINAL
floor	O
of	O
the	B-FAC
China	I-FAC
World	I-FAC
Trade	I-FAC
Center	I-FAC
at	O
the	B-FAC
Guomao	I-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
,	O
ah	O
.	O


We	O
were	O
discussing	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
go	O
home	O
in	O
fewer	O
cars	O
since	O
everyone	O
was	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
route	O
.	O


Later	O
on	O
,	O
we	O
suggested	O
to	O
him	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
you	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
might	O
as	O
well	O
take	O
the	O
subway	O
,	O
because	O
you	O
can	O
directly	O
reach	O
the	O
subway	O
once	O
you	O
get	O
down	O
from	O
the	B-FAC
China	I-FAC
World	I-FAC
Trade	I-FAC
Center	I-FAC
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Hey	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
this	O
was	O
quite	O
a	O
good	O
idea	O
.	O


Actually	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
everyone	O
was	O
quite	O
cooperative	O
and	O
also	O
quite	O
supportive	O
in	O
this	O
aspect	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
many	O
,	O
viewers	O
not	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
may	O
not	O
be	O
quite	O
familiar	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
with	O
this	O
road	O
section	O
we	O
just	O
mentioned	O
,	O
where	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
the	O
accident	O
occurred	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
later	O
through	O
an	O
animation	O
.	O


This	O
road	O
represents	O
a	O
main	O
road	O
on	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
with	O
problems	O
on	O
both	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
side	O
roads	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
Chaoyang	B-FAC
Road	I-FAC
is	O
an	O
intersection	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Whether	O
it	O
is	O
Chaoyang	B-FAC
Road	I-FAC
in	O
the	O
east	O
-	O
west	O
direction	O
or	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
side	O
roads	O
of	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
in	O
the	O
south	O
-	O
north	O
direction	O
,	O
as	O
we	O
can	O
see	O
from	O
this	O
diagram	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
area	O
at	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
side	O
roads	O
of	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
normally	O
has	O
quite	O
heavy	O
traffic	O
,	O
especially	O
during	O
commuting	O
times	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
Chaoyang	B-FAC
Road	I-FAC
is	O
a	O
very	O
important	O
artery	O
in	O
the	O
east	O
-	O
west	O
direction	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


When	O
people	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
west	O
want	O
to	O
cross	O
over	O
from	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
via	O
this	O
road	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
if	O
a	O
traffic	O
accident	O
occurs	O
at	O
this	O
place	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
indeed	O
imagine	O
,	O
ha	O
,	O
how	O
widespread	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
impact	O
will	O
be	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
cars	O
caught	O
in	O
traffic	O
jams	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
actually	O
I	O
think	O
everyone	O
can	O
see	O
that	O
from	O
the	O
buses	O
that	O
cross	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


As	O
buses	O
that	O
cross	O
the	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
are	O
currently	O
,	O
right	O
now	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
accident	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
the	O
latest	O
results	O
this	O
morning	O
show	O
that	O
32	B-CARDINAL
bus	O
routes	O
throughout	O
the	O
neighborhood	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
rerouted	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
perhaps	O
many	O
friends	O
in	O
other	O
places	O
are	O
wondering	O
how	O
one	B-CARDINAL
place	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
accommodate	O
32	B-CARDINAL
commuter	O
routes	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
accident	O
did	O
not	O
happen	O
,	O
perhaps	O
everyone	O
would	O
not	O
know	O
that	O
this	O
place	O
could	O
normally	O
have	O
so	O
many	O
--	O


It	O
is	O
really	O
like	O
this	O
,	O
just	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
bus	O
signs	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Have	O
not	O
seen	O
so	O
many	O
buses	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Its	O
effect	O
on	O
people	O
has	O
been	O
extremely	O
extensive	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
what	O
measures	O
did	O
the	O
traffic	O
control	O
department	O
eventually	O
take	O
to	O
direct	O
traffic	O
?	O


Our	O
correspondent	O
specially	O
interviewed	O
Director	O
Meng	B-PERSON
Xianlong	I-PERSON
,	O
Mr.	O
Meng	B-PERSON
Xianlong	I-PERSON
,	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Command	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Beijing	I-ORG
Municipal	I-ORG
Traffic	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
.	O


Let	O
's	O
hear	O
what	O
Director	O
Meng	B-PERSON
said	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
our	O
traffic	O
control	O
department	O
immediately	O
activated	O
the	O
traffic	O
emergency	O
response	O
plan	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
roads	O
close	O
to	O
where	O
the	O
problem	O
emerged	O
,	O
we	O
first	B-ORDINAL
set	O
up	O
traffic	O
diversion	O
points	O
for	O
traffic	O
control	O
at	O
the	O
southern	O
and	O
northern	O
ends	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
all	O
vehicles	O
going	O
along	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
had	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
detour	O
to	O
go	O
on	O
roads	O
on	O
the	O
east	O
and	O
west	O
sides	O
.	O


East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
is	O
a	O
traffic	O
artery	O
in	O
the	O
east	O
of	O
Beijing	B-GPE
that	O
links	O
the	O
north	O
and	O
the	O
south	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
ensure	O
smooth	O
traffic	O
in	O
the	O
eastern	O
district	O
,	O
we	O
formulated	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
traffic	O
diversion	O
control	O
plans	O
.	O


We	O
set	O
up	O
traffic	O
diversion	O
points	O
at	O
68	B-CARDINAL
locations	O
along	O
East	B-FAC
Second	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
East	B-FAC
Fourth	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
West	B-FAC
Dawang	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
related	O
roads	O
to	O
the	O
east	O
and	O
west	O
,	O
and	O
deployed	O
more	O
than	O
210	B-CARDINAL
additional	O
police	O
officers	O
to	O
divert	O
and	O
direct	O
traffic	O
.	O


It	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
measures	O
were	O
very	O
promptly	O
taken	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
today	B-DATE
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
workday	O
after	O
the	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
holiday	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
what	O
exactly	O
was	O
the	O
situation	O
this	O
morning	O
?	O


We	O
specially	O
sent	O
a	O
reporter	O
to	O
the	O
scene	O
this	B-CARDINAL
morning	I-CARDINAL
to	O
shoot	O
some	O
footage	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
situation	O
this	O
morning	O
through	O
this	O
footage	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
from	O
this	O
footage	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
see	O
that	O
,	O
ha	O
,	O
at	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
,	O
ah	O
,	O
near	O
Guanghua	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
,	O
the	O
roads	O
here	O
that	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
have	O
come	O
under	O
control	O
and	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
various	O
kinds	O
of	O
signs	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
placed	O
at	O
very	O
conspicuous	O
locations	O
.	O


Although	O
the	O
outdoor	O
temperature	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
has	O
fallen	O
to	O
minus	B-QUANTITY
3	I-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
,	O
the	O
traffic	O
police	O
deployed	O
additional	O
manpower	O
on	O
the	O
roads	O
to	O
direct	O
traffic	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
guide	O
drivers	O
in	O
making	O
detours	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
since	O
direction	O
of	O
traffic	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
periphery	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
vehicles	O
at	O
the	O
section	O
of	O
the	O
accident	O
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
than	O
usual	O
,	O
with	O
road	O
traffic	O
very	O
orderly	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
citizens	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
whether	O
they	O
took	O
the	O
bus	O
or	O
drove	O
,	O
their	O
mentality	O
,	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
being	O
understanding	O
or	O
calm	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
important	O
factor	O
in	O
having	O
orderly	O
traffic	O
at	O
the	O
scene	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Right	O
,	O
right	O
.	O


,	O
through	O
your	O
listeners	O
,	O
what	O
kind	O
of	O
feedback	O
did	O
you	O
find	O
out	O
from	O
them	O
?	O


Actually	O
,	O
this	O
morning	O
,	O
some	O
listeners	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
also	O
happened	O
to	O
tell	O
us	O
about	O
it	O
via	O
mobile	O
phone	O
SMS	O
.	O


Since	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
Jingguang	B-FAC
Bridge	I-FAC
is	O
located	O
in	O
the	O
CBD	B-GPE
district	O
,	O
well	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
office	O
buildings	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
them	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
quite	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
friends	O
who	O
get	O
up	O
early	B-TIME
in	I-TIME
the	I-TIME
morning	I-TIME
to	O
go	O
to	O
work	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
they	O
sent	O
SMS	O
saying	O
,	O
hey	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
unusual	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
be	O
walking	O
to	O
the	O
bus	O
station	O
today	B-DATE
or	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
bus	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
unusual	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
enjoy	O
a	O
very	O
pleasant	O
morning	O
.	O


We	O
then	O
reminded	O
everyone	O
to	O
wear	O
extra	O
clothing	O
.	O


This	O
shows	O
that	O
when	O
people	O
encounter	O
such	O
kind	O
of	O
emergency	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
started	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
face	O
it	O
with	O
a	O
very	O
calm	O
and	O
pleasant	O
state	O
of	O
mind	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
this	O
mentality	O
in	O
facing	O
emergencies	O
,	O
in	O
one	B-CARDINAL
respect	O
shows	O
a	O
great	O
change	O
of	O
mentality	O
that	O
Beijing	B-GPE
citizens	O
now	O
have	O
after	O
enduring	O
several	O
tests	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
calmness	O
and	O
maturity	O
after	O
having	O
experienced	O
frustrations	O
.	O


On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
fully	O
show	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
people	O
's	O
satisfaction	O
with	O
emergency	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
the	O
operational	O
departments	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
handling	O
this	O
incident	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
they	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
government	O
has	O
tried	O
its	O
best	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
respect	O
,	O
we	O
citizens	O
should	O
also	O
contribute	O
our	O
efforts	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


As	O
such	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
people	O
's	O
mentality	O
can	O
become	O
very	O
calm	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
,	O
from	O
this	O
perspective	O
,	O
is	O
this	O
one	B-CARDINAL
highly	O
positive	O
effect	O
achieved	O
after	O
information	O
was	O
disclosed	O
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


In	O
terms	O
of	O
citizens	O
'	O
mentality	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
from	O
this	O
particular	O
case	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
government	O
was	O
handling	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
public	O
emergency	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
it	O
went	O
from	O
a	O
traditionally	O
unilateral	O
administrative	O
management	O
method	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
a	O
method	O
in	O
which	O
information	O
was	O
quite	O
delayed	O
,	O
to	O
disclosure	O
and	O
transparency	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
and	O
very	O
fast	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
disclosure	O
of	O
information	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
reported	O
to	O
higher	O
authorities	O
,	O
level	O
by	O
level	O
,	O
until	O
the	O
highest	O
authorities	O
had	O
given	O
approval	O
,	O
before	O
information	O
could	O
be	O
disclosed	O
.	O


Time	O
was	O
lost	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
has	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
put	O
forth	O
a	O
regulation	O
concerning	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
public	O
early	O
warning	O
mechanisms	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
related	O
information	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
publicized	O
will	O
be	O
publicized	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
guide	O
people	O
in	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
related	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
government	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
can	O
be	O
formed	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
in	O
modern	O
public	O
management	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
good	O
case	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
of	O
shifting	O
from	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
unilateral	O
administrative	O
management	O
to	O
public	O
management	O
and	O
to	O
positive	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
government	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
sum	O
up	O
many	O
beneficial	O
experiences	O
from	O
this	O
case	O
and	O
actually	O
extend	O
them	O
to	O
other	O
areas	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
when	O
we	O
look	O
at	O
this	O
case	O
from	O
the	O
perspective	O
of	O
traffic	O
.	O


Traffic	O
was	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
thing	O
to	O
be	O
impacted	O
when	O
this	O
,	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
occurred	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
this	O
accident	O
actually	O
involved	O
many	O
underground	O
pipes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
sewage	O
pipes	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
or	O
water	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
gas	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
pipes	O
,	O
that	O
affect	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
citizens	O
in	O
many	O
other	O
aspects	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
do	O
you	O
know	O
how	O
many	O
pipes	O
there	O
are	O
underground	O
?	O


Right	O
now	O
,	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
seven	O
main	O
types	O
of	O
pipes	O
buried	O
underground	O
.	O


They	O
include	O
those	O
like	O
you	O
just	O
mentioned	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
pipes	O
like	O
those	O
for	O
heating	O
and	O
communication	O
,	O
among	O
others	O
.	O


Truly	O
,	O
these	O
pipes	O
are	O
closely	O
linked	O
to	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
citizens	O
.	O


Closely	O
linked	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
therefore	O
besides	O
our	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
traffic	O
issue	O
just	O
now	O
,	O
people	O
are	O
also	O
very	O
concerned	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
situation	O
after	O
the	O
accident	O
,	O
with	O
other	O
aspects	O
affecting	O
citizens	O
'	O
lives	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
again	O
at	O
this	O
footage	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
of	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
current	O
scene	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
our	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Beijing	I-ORG
Municipal	I-ORG
Construction	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
ah	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Communication	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
telecommunication	O
,	O
traffic	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
departments	O
have	O
assigned	O
personnel	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
emergency	O
repair	O
work	O
.	O


Relevant	O
departments	O
said	O
that	O
they	O
will	O
adopt	O
a	O
full	O
range	O
of	O
measures	O
to	O
minimize	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
impact	O
on	O
people	O
's	O
daily	O
lives	O
and	O
work	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
ensure	O
stable	O
order	O
in	O
society	O
during	O
the	O
recovery	O
period	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
government	O
's	O
response	O
to	O
this	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
say	O
it	O
was	O
very	O
prompt	O
with	O
traffic	O
management	O
and	O
emergency	O
repair	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
involved	O
various	O
aspects	O
of	O
life	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
,	O
as	O
this	O
incident	O
involved	O
many	O
departments	O
after	O
it	O
took	O
place	O
,	O
how	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
the	O
various	O
departments	O
should	O
coordinate	O
between	O
themselves	O
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
also	O
--	O


It	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
case	O
that	O
this	O
problem	O
will	O
be	O
totally	O
solved	O
when	O
one	O
department	O
shows	O
up	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
as	O
we	O
build	O
this	O
kind	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
of	O
public	O
,	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
emergency	O
mechanism	O
for	O
public	O
incidents	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
,	O
most	O
difficult	O
to	O
resolve	O
,	O
an	O
actual	O
problem	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
most	O
difficult	O
to	O
resolve	O
among	O
administrative	O
management	O
reforms	O
in	O
various	O
countries	O
.	O


How	O
many	O
groups	O
of	O
people	O
will	O
be	O
sent	O
?	O


Many	O
groups	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
because	O
social	O
management	O
requires	O
division	O
of	O
labor	O
in	O
society	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
necessarily	O
a	O
labor	O
division	O
trend	O
that	O
involves	O
many	O
departments	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
addition	O
,	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
modern	O
management	O
public	O
administration	O
model	O
which	O
is	O
diversified	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


How	O
can	O
cooperation	O
be	O
formed	O
between	O
departments	O
in	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
situation	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
sometimes	O
under	O
normal	O
circumstances	O
,	O
sometimes	O
,	O
we	O
often	O
feel	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
difficult	O
for	O
departments	O
to	O
cooperate	O
with	O
one	O
another	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
too	O
many	O
law	O
enforcement	O
departments	O
and	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
too	O
many	O
administrative	O
departments	O
,	O
and	O
very	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
end	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
coordinate	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
through	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
by	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
this	O
time	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
response	O
speed	O
of	O
the	O
different	O
departments	O
of	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
integrated	O
emergency	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
played	O
a	O
great	O
role	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
trial	O
of	O
interdepartmental	O
cooperation	O
mechanisms	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
successful	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
response	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
many	O
good	O
things	O
can	O
be	O
summed	O
up	O
from	O
this	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
based	O
on	O
your	O
understanding	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
as	O
pipes	O
that	O
directly	O
affect	O
many	O
common	O
people	O
's	O
lives	O
were	O
damaged	O
after	O
the	O
accident	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
your	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
,	O
how	O
was	O
remedial	O
work	O
carried	O
out	O
?	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
cold	O
during	O
winter	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
the	O
temperature	O
last	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
dropped	O
to	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
lowest	O
points	O
recently	O
.	O


Er	O
,	O
heating	O
pipes	O
were	O
indeed	O
damaged	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
affected	O
residents	O
living	O
in	O
an	O
area	O
of	O
about	B-QUANTITY
70,000	I-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
of	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Well	O
,	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
the	O
Chaoyang	B-GPE
district	O
government	O
did	O
a	O
very	O
good	O
job	O
.	O


After	O
it	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
received	O
this	O
order	O
from	O
the	O
municipal	O
government	O
,	O
it	O
immediately	O
sent	O
,	O
electric	O
heaters	O
to	O
residents	O
in	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
200	I-CARDINAL
households	O
within	O
this	O
area	O
.	O


It	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
many	O
residents	O
spent	O
quite	O
a	O
warm	O
night	O
at	O
home	O
yesterday	B-DATE
.	O


Well	O
,	O
furthermore	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
repair	O
process	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
heating	O
pipeline	O
was	O
restored	O
relatively	O
quickly	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
over	O
here	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
municipal	O
government	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
including	O
sub-district	O
offices	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
effort	O
to	O
take	O
good	O
care	O
of	O
resident	O
households	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
done	O
in	O
a	O
very	O
humanitarian	O
manner	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
,	O
actually	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
large	O
scale	O
city	O
as	O
Beijing	B-GPE
that	O
has	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
14	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
people	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
big	O
city	O
,	O
a	O
suddenly	O
occurring	O
public	O
emergency	O
like	O
this	O
should	O
be	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
relatively	O
common	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
unexpected	O
yet	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
within	O
expectations	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
we	O
see	O
that	O
other	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
domestic	O
and	O
overseas	O
cities	O
have	O
experienced	O
similar	O
incidents	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
many	O
overseas	O
cities	O
have	O
had	O
such	O
kind	O
of	O
thing	O
before	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
a	O
city	O
is	O
a	O
gathering	O
place	O
for	O
modern	O
life	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
a	O
highly	O
civilized	O
place	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
a	O
gathering	O
point	O
for	O
various	O
conflicts	O
,	O
social	O
,	O
economic	O
,	O
security	O
,	O
various	O
aspects	O
of	O
conflict	O
.	O


Hence	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
surprising	O
for	O
such	O
an	O
accident	O
to	O
occur	O
.	O


The	O
critical	O
thing	O
is	O
--	O


But	O
the	O
critical	O
thing	O
is	O
how	O
emergency	O
plans	O
are	O
activated	O
after	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
such	O
accidents	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
city	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
test	O
of	O
its	O
response	O
capabilities	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
through	O
a	O
few	O
incidents	O
that	O
happened	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
over	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
such	O
as	O
SARS	O
,	O
the	O
snowfall	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
heavy	O
rains	O
two	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
road	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
at	O
East	B-FAC
Third	I-FAC
Ring	I-FAC
Road	I-FAC
this	O
time	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
that	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
response	O
capabilities	O
continued	O
to	O
improve	O
each	O
time	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


It	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
what	O
was	O
done	O
has	O
received	O
favorable	O
comments	O
from	O
everyone	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
perhaps	O
you	O
have	O
stronger	O
feelings	O
on	O
this	O
aspect	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Because	O
you	O
often	O
have	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
direct	O
SMS	O
exchange	O
with	O
listeners	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
because	O
,	O
we	O
,	O
Beijing	B-ORG
Traffic	I-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
Station	I-ORG
,	O
has	O
become	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
emergency	O
planning	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Well	O
,	O
Beijing	B-ORG
Traffic	I-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
Station	I-ORG
is	O
to	O
be	O
activated	O
as	O
a	O
media	O
for	O
emergency	O
plans	O
that	O
are	O
grade	O
three	B-CARDINAL
and	O
above	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
as	O
people	O
still	O
vividly	O
remember	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
that	O
snowfall	O
just	O
mentioned	O
by	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
that	O
people	O
still	O
vividly	O
remember	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
plans	O
.	O


Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
still	O
had	O
no	O
emergency	O
plan	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
happened	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
hosting	O
the	O
Unblocked	B-ORG
All	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Way	I-ORG
program	O
in	O
the	O
studio	O
that	B-TIME
evening	I-TIME
.	O


Well	O
,	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
traffic	O
was	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
unblocked	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
there	O
was	O
none	O
of	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
interaction	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
not	O
clear	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
very	O
congested	O
.	O


You	O
sat	O
inside	O
the	O
studio	O
and	O
only	O
knew	O
about	O
the	O
heavy	O
snowfall	O
.	O


You	O
could	O
find	O
out	O
other	O
news	O
only	O
by	O
telephone	O
.	O


The	O
various	O
methods	O
and	O
channels	O
were	O
extremely	O
unclear	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
later	O
,	O
when	O
we	O
experienced	O
that	O
rainfall	O
in	O
Beijing	O
,	O
that	O
rainfall	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
some	O
days	O
of	O
sand	O
storms	O
,	O
all	O
channels	O
and	O
early	O
warning	O
mechanisms	O
were	O
activated	O
in	O
quite	O
an	O
orderly	O
manner	O
.	O


From	O
our	O
perspective	O
as	O
media	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
precisely	O
by	O
going	O
through	O
those	O
breaking	O
-	O
in	O
,	O
trials	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
be	O
so	O
calm	O
in	O
handling	O
such	O
an	O
emergency	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
give	O
everyone	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
announcements	O
and	O
notifications	O
,	O
and	O
instructions	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
local	O
media	O
in	O
this	O
city	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
become	O
a	O
proactive	O
participant	O
when	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
public	O
emergency	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


It	O
should	O
play	O
its	O
individual	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
resolving	O
emergencies	O
.	O


Ah	O
,	O
apart	O
from	O
this	O
,	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
,	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
are	O
the	O
areas	O
for	O
improvement	O
for	O
a	O
city	O
,	O
especially	O
a	O
booming	O
city	O
,	O
when	O
handling	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
public	O
emergency	O
?	O


Right	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
gave	O
us	O
many	O
revelations	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


First	B-ORDINAL
,	O
I	O
think	O
one	O
that	O
should	O
be	O
especially	O
important	O
is	O
early	O
warnings	O
and	O
forecasts	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
currently	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
frequently	O
various	O
kinds	O
of	O
risks	O
lurking	O
in	O
cities	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


Early	O
warnings	O
and	O
forecasts	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
early	O
warning	O
and	O
forecast	O
mechanism	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
not	O
only	O
for	O
,	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
sudden	O
road	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
includes	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
security	O
incidents	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
in	O
our	O
society	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
natural	O
disasters	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
including	O
public	O
health	O
incidents	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
scientific	O
early	O
warning	O
and	O
forecast	O
mechanism	O
must	O
be	O
set	O
up	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
manage	O
and	O
resolve	O
an	O
abnormal	O
situation	O
by	O
turning	O
it	O
into	O
a	O
normal	O
situation	O
,	O
without	O
evolving	O
into	O
a	O
sudden	O
public	O
emergency	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


Another	O
thing	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
say	O
is	O
that	O
besides	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
emergency	O
response	O
and	O
speedy	O
integration	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
some	O
corresponding	O
improvements	O
should	O
be	O
made	O
to	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
incident	O
investigation	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
relevant	O
post-incident	O
,	O
responsibility	O
system	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
say	O
that	O
the	O
government	O
already	O
has	O
quite	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
relevant	O
systems	O
in	O
this	O
respect	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
an	O
administrative	O
investigation	O
system	O
for	O
incidents	O
of	O
major	O
responsibility	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
regulations	O
on	O
investigation	O
procedures	O
for	O
very	O
major	O
incidents	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
others	O
such	O
as	O
emergency	O
response	O
methods	O
for	O
handling	O
public	O
health	O
incidents	O
and	O
public	O
health	O
emergencies	O
,	O
among	O
others	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
many	O
corresponding	O
systems	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
question	O
is	O
how	O
city	O
management	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
handles	O
these	O
various	O
kinds	O
of	O
perhaps	O
unpredictable	O
cases	O
.	O


Since	O
we	O
are	O
entering	O
new	O
circumstances	O
of	O
human	O
living	O
,	O
circumstances	O
that	O
contain	O
high	O
risk	O
and	O
have	O
an	O
increasingly	O
developed	O
urbanized	O
life	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
corresponding	O
improvements	O
should	O
be	O
made	O
to	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
systems	O
that	O
includes	O
scientific	O
planning	O
,	O
early	O
warning	O
and	O
forecast	O
,	O
emergency	O
response	O
,	O
accident	O
investigation	O
,	O
and	O
accountability	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
your	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
an	O
international	O
perspective	O
,	O
what	O
are	O
some	O
better	O
ways	O
of	O
urban	O
management	O
that	O
are	O
worthwhile	O
for	O
us	O
to	O
learn	O
?	O


I	O
think	O
,	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
we	O
should	O
say	O
that	O
urbanization	O
in	O
foreign	O
countries	O
developed	O
earlier	O
and	O
is	O
more	O
widespread	O
.	O


Their	O
level	O
of	O
development	O
is	O
more	O
advanced	O
than	O
ours	O
.	O


Although	O
the	O
scale	O
of	O
our	O
urbanization	O
is	O
currently	O
expanding	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
per	O
year	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
,	O
with	O
our	O
economic	O
development	O
being	O
relatively	O
backward	O
,	O
we	O
actually	O
still	O
have	O
many	O
aspects	O
of	O
urban	O
management	O
to	O
learn	O
from	O
foreign	O
countries	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
pipes	O
involved	O
in	O
this	O
incident	O
were	O
basic	O
infrastructure	O
,	O
public	O
utilities	O
industries	O
.	O


With	O
a	O
background	O
of	O
liberalization	O
,	O
marketization	O
,	O
and	O
privatization	O
,	O
how	O
can	O
the	O
government	O
strengthen	O
supervision	O
of	O
public	O
utilities	O
industries	O
?	O


How	O
can	O
a	O
safe	O
,	O
assured	O
system	O
be	O
established	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
need	O
to	O
learn	O
and	O
manage	O
this	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
regarding	O
information	O
disclosure	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
our	O
speed	O
of	O
information	O
disclosure	O
this	O
time	O
was	O
very	O
fast	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
we	O
still	O
have	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
work	O
to	O
do	O
in	O
making	O
the	O
information	O
disclosure	O
,	O
er	O
,	O
system	O
more	O
standardized	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
to	O
really	O
implement	O
a	O
system	O
of	O
levels	O
of	O
responsibility	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
need	O
to	O
explore	O
how	O
cooperation	O
mechanisms	O
between	O
departments	O
execute	O
cooperation	O
under	O
normal	O
situations	O
and	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
how	O
departments	O
should	O
cooperate	O
with	O
one	O
another	O
under	O
these	O
kinds	O
of	O
public	O
emergency	O
circumstances	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
our	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
how	O
will	O
these	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
withstand	O
these	O
tests	O
?	O


We	O
know	O
that	O
currently	O
,	O
many	O
ministries	O
and	O
commissions	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
people	O
's	O
governments	O
at	O
the	O
provincial	O
level	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
those	O
at	O
municipal	O
and	O
district	O
levels	O
,	O
have	O
set	O
up	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
for	O
public	O
emergencies	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
of	O
them	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
put	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
how	O
will	O
they	O
undergo	O
testing	O
?	O


These	O
also	O
include	O
some	O
of	O
our	O
command	O
and	O
policy	O
-	O
making	O
systems	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
growth	O
of	O
urbanization	O
and	O
with	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
of	O
such	O
complicated	O
issues	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
increasingly	O
high	O
requirements	O
on	O
the	O
systems	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
,	O
development	O
of	O
future	O
systems	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
current	O
priorities	O
.	O


How	O
can	O
we	O
institutionalize	O
our	O
response	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
make	O
them	O
into	O
a	O
system	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
lifestyle	O
of	O
people	O
who	O
live	O
in	O
such	O
a	O
large	O
-	O
scale	O
city	O
?	O


The	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
has	O
proposed	O
a	O
public	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plan	O
,	O
called	O
One	B-CARDINAL
Plan	O
,	O
Three	B-CARDINAL
Systems	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


"	O
One	B-CARDINAL
plan	O
"	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
contingency	O
plan	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
three	B-CARDINAL
systems	O
"	O
refers	O
to	O
systems	O
of	O
organizations	O
,	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
and	O
laws	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
we	O
still	O
have	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
work	O
to	O
do	O
in	O
these	O
three	B-CARDINAL
areas	O
of	O
organizations	O
,	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
and	O
laws	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
finally	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
turn	O
our	O
attention	O
to	O
handling	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
latter	O
stages	O
of	O
the	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Traffic	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
directed	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
basically	O
under	O
control	O
now	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
following	O
this	O
,	O
repairs	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
on	O
this	O
road	O
section	O
where	O
the	O
accident	O
occurred	O
,	O
including	O
for	O
many	O
pipes	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
based	O
on	O
your	O
understanding	O
,	O
how	O
long	O
will	O
it	O
take	O
?	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
time	O
really	O
depends	O
on	O
how	O
the	O
overall	O
repair	O
goes	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
exploration	O
,	O
assessment	O
,	O
and	O
repair	O
are	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
succession	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
regarding	O
this	O
work	O
progress	O
,	O
to	O
repair	O
this	O
road	O
section	O
in	O
the	O
shortest	O
time	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
work	O
progress	O
.	O


Uh-huh	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
repair	O
is	O
probably	O
not	O
a	O
matter	O
of	O
repairing	O
the	O
road	O
surface	O
alone	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
also	O
an	O
issue	O
with	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
pipes	O
below	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
the	O
pipes	O
below	O
.	O


Right	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
winter	O
,	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
carrying	O
out	O
construction	O
during	O
winter	O
,	O
especially	O
that	O
which	O
requires	O
pouring	O
concrete	O
and	O
then	O
--	O


Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
especially	O
difficult	O
for	O
concrete	O
to	O
set	O
during	O
winter	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
preparation	O
mix	O
for	O
making	O
it	O
dry	O
faster	O
,	O
has	O
already	O
been	O
added	O
.	O


But	O
in	O
the	O
end	O
,	O
it	O
requires	O
time	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
it	O
depends	O
very	O
much	O
on	O
factors	O
like	O
temperature	O
.	O


Just	O
now	O
,	O
you	O
mentioned	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
pipes	O
,	O
ah	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
key	O
heating	O
pipeline	O
.	O


The	O
first	O
thing	O
is	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
connected	O
in	O
time	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
waste	O
discharge	O
is	O
also	O
very	O
important	O
.	O


Waste	O
discharged	O
has	O
currently	O
blocked	O
this	O
up	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
optical	O
fibers	O
,	O
ah	O
.	O


Er	O
,	O
right	O
now	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
optical	O
fibers	O
break	O
,	O
people	O
in	O
many	O
households	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
watch	O
television	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
watching	O
television	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
not	O
broken	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
just	O
that	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
other	O
pipes	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
repaired	O
,	O
the	O
optical	O
fibers	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
rearranged	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
hung	O
up	O
it	O
seems	O
.	O


After	O
that	O
,	O
or	O
it	O
seems	O
that	O
a	O
few	O
steel	O
pipes	O
have	O
been	O
added	O
below	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
safer	O
to	O
walk	O
across	O
this	O
section	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
take	O
water	O
pipes	O
as	O
an	O
example	O
.	O


Because	O
they	O
were	O
exposed	O
,	O
The	O
water	O
pipes	O
were	O
not	O
--	O


after	O
that	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
these	O
were	O
not	O
damaged	O
.	O


they	O
were	O
not	O
damaged	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
quite	O
normal	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
problem	O
with	O
water	O
supply	O
.	O


Okay	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
today	B-DATE
both	O
of	O
you	O
have	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
studio	O
and	O
given	O
us	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
specific	O
details	O
concerning	O
this	O
road	O
cave	O
-	O
in	O
accident	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Municipality	I-GPE
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
also	O
analyzed	O
,	O
from	O
a	O
system	O
perspective	O
,	O
how	O
the	O
government	O
has	O
reinforced	O
emergency	O
contingency	O
plans	O
to	O
handle	O
such	O
public	O
emergency	O
cases	O
.	O


Okay	O
,	O
thank	O
you	O
very	O
much	O
,	O
Professor	O
Zhou	B-PERSON
and	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
for	O
coming	O
to	O
the	O
studio	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
our	O
program	O
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
you	O
.	O


Okay	O
,	O
dear	O
viewers	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
all	O
for	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
edition	O
of	O
Focus	B-ORG
Today	I-ORG
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
for	O
watching	O
.	O


See	O
you	O
at	O
the	B-TIME
same	I-TIME
time	I-TIME
tomorrow	I-TIME
.	O


Hello	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
turn	O
our	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
weather	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
we	O
can	O
use	O
two	O
words	O
to	O
summarize	O
the	O
weather	O
in	O
our	O
country	O
.	O


First	B-ORDINAL
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
temperature	O
drop	O
over	O
a	O
large	O
area	O
,	O
and	O
next	O
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
rainfall	O
and	O
snowfall	O
in	O
an	O
extensive	O
area	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


We	O
see	O
that	O
except	O
for	O
some	O
areas	O
of	O
South	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
,	O
Southwest	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
,	O
and	O
Northeast	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
,	O
many	O
other	O
places	O
will	O
be	O
experiencing	O
temperature	O
drops	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
snowfall	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
from	O
Northwest	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
to	O
the	O
Huang	B-GPE
-	O
Huai	O
area	O
through	O
southern	O
North	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
.	O


The	O
east	O
of	O
Southwest	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Jiang	B-GPE
-	O
Huai	O
area	O
and	O
the	O
area	O
south	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Yangtze	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
,	O
will	O
experience	O
continuous	O
rainfall	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
southern	O
North	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
and	O
the	O
Huang	B-GPE
-	O
Huai	O
area	O
will	O
bid	O
farewell	O
to	O
the	O
snow	O
tonight	B-TIME
,	O
ah	O
.	O


Tomorrow	B-TIME
during	I-TIME
the	I-TIME
day	I-TIME
,	O
snowfall	O
in	O
the	O
Jiang	B-GPE
-	O
Huai	O
area	O
will	O
stop	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
will	O
also	O
be	O
less	O
snow	O
in	O
Northwest	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
rain	O
throughout	O
almost	O
the	O
whole	O
of	O
South	B-LOC
China	I-LOC
.	O


It	O
can	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
less	O
snow	O
in	O
the	O
north	O
and	O
heavier	O
rain	O
in	O
the	O
south	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
temperatures	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
in	O
many	O
places	O
south	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Huai	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
will	O
fall	O
by	O
between	O
four	B-CARDINAL
and	O
ten	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Okay	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
check	O
out	O
the	O
city	O
weather	O
forecasts	O
.	O


Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
changing	O
to	O
sunny	O
,	O
9	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
2	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Harbin	B-GPE
,	O
sunny	O
,	O
26	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
16	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Shijiazhuang	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
changing	O
to	O
mostly	O
cloudy	O
,	O
9	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
1	B-QUANTITY
degree	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Jinan	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
changing	O
to	O
mostly	O
cloudy	O
,	O
9	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
1	B-QUANTITY
degree	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Nanjing	B-GPE
,	O
sleet	O
changing	O
to	O
overcast	O
,	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Hangzhou	B-GPE
,	O
sleet	O
changing	O
to	O
overcast	O
,	O
to	O
4	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Fuzhou	B-GPE
,	O
light	O
rain	O
,	O
11	B-CARDINAL
to	O
18	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Taipei	B-GPE
,	O
cloudy	O
changing	O
to	O
showers	O
,	O
13	B-CARDINAL
to	O
19	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Dalian	B-GPE
,	O
sunny	O
,	O
11	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
5	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Wuxi	B-GPE
,	O
sleet	O
changing	O
to	O
cloudy	O
,	O
1	B-QUANTITY
degree	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Changzhou	B-GPE
,	O
moderate	O
snow	O
to	O
light	O
snow	O
,	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Bangkok	B-GPE
,	O
cloudy	O
,	O
26	B-CARDINAL
to	O
35	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


New	B-GPE
Dehli	I-GPE
,	O
sunny	O
,	O
6	B-CARDINAL
to	O
19	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Seoul	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
changing	O
to	O
mostly	O
cloudy	O
,	O
8	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Tokyo	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
,	O
1	B-CARDINAL
to	O
6	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


London	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
changing	O
to	O
light	O
rain	O
,	O
2	B-CARDINAL
to	O
6	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Moscow	B-GPE
,	O
cloudy	O
,	O
18	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
13	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Paris	B-GPE
,	O
overcast	O
,	O
1	B-CARDINAL
to	O
4	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Vienna	B-GPE
,	O
moderate	O
snow	O
,	O
1	B-QUANTITY
degree	I-QUANTITY
below	I-QUANTITY
zero	I-QUANTITY
to	O
1	B-QUANTITY
degree	I-QUANTITY
.	O


New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
,	O
light	O
rain	O
,	O
1	B-CARDINAL
to	O
3	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Seattle	B-GPE
,	O
light	O
rain	O
,	O
4	B-CARDINAL
to	O
7	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Washington	B-GPE
,	O
cloudy	O
,	O
2	B-CARDINAL
to	O
6	B-QUANTITY
degrees	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Iraq	B-GPE
in	O
the	O
shadows	O
/.	O


As	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
vote	O
on	O
a	O
new	O
constitution	O
have	O
the	O
media	O
dropped	O
the	O
ball	O
on	O
this	O
long	O
and	O
bloody	O
war	O
/?	O


Has	O
Iraq	B-GPE
been	O
overshadowed	O
by	O
Katrina	B-EVENT
and	O
Tom	B-PERSON
DeLay	I-PERSON
and	O
Harriet	B-PERSON
Meyers	I-PERSON
and	O
the	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
quake	O
/?	O


A	O
conversation	O
with	O
columnist	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
/.	O


Was	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
unfair	O
to	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
in	O
airing	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
charges	O
against	O
him	O
/?	O


Former	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
lawyer	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
in	O
our	O
new	O
Talk	B-WORK_OF_ART
Back	I-WORK_OF_ART
to	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Media	I-WORK_OF_ART
segment	O
/.	O


Plus	O
that	O
bogus	O
subway	O
terror	O
alert	O
/.	O


Why	O
did	O
n't	O
television	O
slam	O
on	O
the	O
brakes	O
/?	O


Welcome	O
to	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
Howard	B-PERSON
Kurtz	I-PERSON
/.	O


You	O
're	O
joining	O
us	O
at	O
our	O
new	O
time	O
ten	B-TIME
AM	I-TIME
eastern	I-TIME
seven	B-TIME
pacific	I-TIME
for	O
a	B-TIME
full	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
of	O
media	O
analysis	O
every	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


We	O
have	O
some	O
new	O
segments	O
we	O
'll	O
be	O
adding	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
coming	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


so	O
stay	O
tuned	O
/.	O


I	O
had	O
a	O
wide	O
ranging	O
sitdown	O
with	O
Pulitzer	B-WORK_OF_ART
Prize	I-WORK_OF_ART
winner	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
/.	O


but	O
first	B-ORDINAL
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
and	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
finally	O
go	O
public	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
page	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
with	O
their	O
nearly	B-CARDINAL
six	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
word	O
account	O
of	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
leak	O
investigation	O
/.	O


In	O
a	O
separate	O
first	B-ORDINAL
person	O
account	O
Miller	B-PERSON
confirmed	O
that	O
she	O
told	O
the	O
grand	O
jury	O
that	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
Dick	B-PERSON
Cheney	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
top	O
aide	O
discussed	O
with	O
her	O
as	B-CARDINAL
many	I-CARDINAL
as	I-CARDINAL
three	I-CARDINAL
times	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
as	O
a	O
CIA	B-ORG
employee	O
/.	O


This	O
says	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
was	O
angry	O
about	O
her	O
husband	O
Joe	B-PERSON
Wilson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
role	O
in	O
criticizing	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
on	O
whether	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
had	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
/.	O


The	O
conclusion	O
by	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
Times	B-ORG
reporters	O
/.	O


The	O
Times	B-ORG
incurred	O
millions	B-MONEY
of	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
legal	O
fees	O
in	O
Miss	O
Miller	B-PERSON
's	O
case	O
/.	O


It	O
limited	O
its	O
own	O
ability	O
to	O
cover	O
aspects	O
of	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
biggest	O
scandals	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
/.	O


Even	O
as	O
the	O
paper	O
asked	O
for	O
the	O
public	O
's	O
support	O
it	O
was	O
unable	O
to	O
answer	O
its	O
questions	O
/.	O


Among	O
the	O
journalistic	O
revelations,	O
Miller	B-PERSON
released	O
from	O
jail	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
says	O
she	O
pushed	O
for	O
a	O
story	O
on	O
the	O
outing	O
of	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
back	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
/.	O


She	O
never	O
wrote	O
one	B-CARDINAL
/.	O


but	O
her	O
former	O
boss	O
says	O
no	O
way	O
/.	O


that	O
never	O
happened	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
was	O
so	O
conflicted	O
in	O
covering	O
the	O
controversy	O
the	O
editors	O
killed	O
the	O
story	O
about	O
Libby	B-PERSON
and	O
pulled	O
their	O
punches	O
in	O
other	O
ways	O
/.	O


And	O
joining	O
us	O
now	O
in	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
the	O
syndicated	O
columnist	O
and	O
founder	O
of	O
the	O
blog	O
huffington	O
post	O
dot	O
com	O
/.	O


in	O
Minneapolis	B-GPE
Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
executive	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Reporters	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Freedom	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Press	I-ORG
/.	O


and	O
here	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
Frank	B-PERSON
Sesno	I-PERSON
professor	O
of	O
public	O
policy	O
and	O
communication	O
at	O
George	B-ORG
Mason	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
and	O
a	O
CNN	B-ORG
special	O
correspondant	O
/.	O


Frank	B-PERSON
Sesno	I-PERSON
has	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
belatedly	O
to	O
be	O
sure	O
fought	O
and	O
finally	O
made	O
an	O
honest	O
accounting	O
of	O
its	O
role	O
of	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
role	O
and	O
the	O
tensions	O
that	O
she	O
created	O
in	O
the	O
newsroom	O
/?	O


Well	O
an	O
honest	O
accounting	O
/.	O


yeah	O
maybe	O
/.	O


but	O
not	O
a	O
full	O
accounting	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
whole	O
bottom	O
line	O
of	O
this	O
mess	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
public	O
has	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
know	O
and	O
that	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
this	O
is	O
all	O
about	O
the	O
public	O
still	O
does	O
n't	O
know	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
things	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
questions	O
here	O
/.	O


Why	O
was	O
that	O
waiver	O
that	O
Miller	B-PERSON
was	O
apparently	O
granted	O
by	O
uh	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
/-	O


Why	O
did	O
it	O
wait	O
until	O
she	O
sat	O
in	O
jail	O
for	O
all	O
that	O
time	O
before	O
she	O
actually	O
took	O
up	O
on	O
it	O
/?	O


you	O
know	O
she	O
's	O
referred	O
to	O
in	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
'	O
own	O
account	O
as	O
Miss	B-PERSON
Run	I-PERSON
Amuck	I-PERSON
/.	O


She	O
was	O
pulled	O
off	O
of	O
certain	O
stories	O
on	O
Iraq	B-GPE
's	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
/.	O


What	O
are	O
her	O
motives	O
and	O
bottom	O
lines	O
to	O
the	O
secrecy	O
of	O
this	O
whole	O
thing	O
/?	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
we	O
still	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
/.	O


Miss	B-PERSON
Run	I-PERSON
Amuck	I-PERSON
was	O
a	O
name	O
she	O
gave	O
herself	O
quite	O
proudly	O
apparently	O
/.	O


Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
the	O
Times	B-ORG
piece	O
a	O
lengthy	O
piece	O
acknowledges	O
that	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
was	O
a	O
controversial	O
figure	O
in	O
the	O
newsroom	O
whose	O
own	O
WMD	O
reporting	O
was	O
wrong	O
and	O
that	O
while	O
she	O
claims	O
to	O
have	O
pushed	O
for	O
this	O
uh	O
story	O
on	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
Jill	B-PERSON
Abrahamson	I-PERSON
now	O
the	O
paper	O
's	O
managing	O
editor	O
says	O
No	O
way	O
/.	O


That	O
did	O
n't	O
happen	O
/.	O


In	O
other	O
words	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
dispute	O
in	O
the	O
accounts	O
/.	O


Pretty	O
candid	O
stuff	O
for	O
a	O
newspaper	O
to	O
publish	O
about	O
itself	O
would	O
n't	O
you	O
say	O
/?	O


Well	O
as	O
Frank	B-PERSON
said	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
unanswered	O
questions	O
/.	O


And	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
very	O
devastating	O
eh	O
comments	O
and	O
conclusions	O
about	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
as	O
a	O
journalist	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
had	O
any	O
choice	O
though	O
Howie	B-PERSON
.	O
Because	O
remember	O
as	O
a	O
press	O
reporter	O
back	O
on	O
July	B-DATE
twenty	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
seventh	I-DATE
the	O
turmoil	O
in	O
the	O
newsroom	O
has	O
been	O
going	O
on	O
for	O
months	B-DATE
about	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
and	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
paper	O
has	O
decided	O
to	O
cover	O
the	O
story	O
and	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
decided	O
to	O
present	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
martyr	O
for	O
the	B-LAW
first	I-LAW
amendment	I-LAW
/.	O


And	O
the	O
main	O
unanswered	O
question	O
here	O
is	O
why	O
did	O
Arthur	B-PERSON
Sulzberger	I-PERSON
the	O
newspaper	O
's	O
publisher	O
allow	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
to	O
hijack	O
the	O
reporting	O
of	O
that	O
story	O
and	O
the	O
editorial	O
policy	O
on	O
that	O
story	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
similarities	O
for	O
the	O
Jayson	B-PERSON
Blair	I-PERSON
case	O
/.	O


Remember	O
after	O
the	O
Jayson	B-PERSON
Blair	I-PERSON
scandal	O
broke	O
we	O
had	O
a	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
word	I-CARDINAL
story	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
give	O
a	O
full	O
account	O
of	O
what	O
happened	O
.	O
Especially	O
about	O
why	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
institution	O
like	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
ignoring	O
so	O
many	O
red	O
flags	O
/.	O


Alright	O
/.	O


In	O
the	O
story	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
things	O
that	O
we	O
learn	O
is	O
that	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Keller	I-PERSON
took	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
off	O
her	O
WMD	O
beat	O
as	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
his	O
first	B-ORDINAL
personnel	O
decisions	O
when	O
he	O
took	O
eh	O
the	O
reins	O
as	O
editor	O
/.	O


Alright	O
/.	O


Well	O
uh	O
I	O
agree	O
there	O
are	O
some	O
unanswered	O
questions	O
/.	O


but	O
I	O
'm	O
willing	O
to	O
give	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
a	O
little	O
more	O
credit	O
than	O
you	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
attempting	O
to	O
answer	O
uh	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
questions	O
/.	O


And	O
Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
here	O
's	O
the	O
thing	O
that	O
jumped	O
out	O
at	O
me	O
in	O
the	O
story	O
/.	O


Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
acknowledges	O
that	O
at	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
request	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
Dick	B-PERSON
Cheney	I-PERSON
aide	O
she	O
agreed	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
him	O
and	O
in	O
stories	O
not	O
as	O
a	O
senior	O
administration	O
official	O
but	O
as	O
a	O
former	O
Hill	B-LOC
aide	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
once	O
worked	O
on	O
Capitol	B-LOC
Hill	I-LOC
/.	O


Do	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
that	O
sort	O
of	O
thing	O
/?	O


I	O
thought	O
that	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
misleading	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
thought	O
it	O
was	O
odd	O
/.	O


I	O
mean	O
her	O
justification	O
was	O
that	O
well	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
a	O
former	O
Hill	B-LOC
staffer	O
/.	O


Um	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
a	O
strange	O
request	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
agreement	O
was	O
strange	O
/.	O


I	O
'll	O
agree	O
with	O
you	O
on	O
that	O
/.	O


Frank	B-PERSON
Sesno	I-PERSON
the	O
Times	B-ORG
was	O
so	O
hamstrung	O
by	O
its	O
passionate	O
embrace	O
of	O
this	O
reporter	O
who	O
after	O
all	O
was	O
facing	O
jail	O
did	O
go	O
to	O
jail	O
/.	O


One	O
can	O
understand	O
the	O
emotions	O
uh	O
that	O
were	O
unleashed	O
here	O
/.	O


and	O
yet	O
the	O
editors	O
discouraged	O
stories	O
on	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
leak	O
investigation	O
and	O
one	B-CARDINAL
time	O
killed	O
a	O
piece	O
written	O
by	O
a	O
reporter	O
about	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
/.	O


Was	O
that	O
an	O
abdication	O
of	O
journalistic	O
responsibility	O
/?	O


Maybe	O
yeah	O
maybe	O
/.	O


I	O
mean	O
what	O
it	O
really	O
shows	O
Howie	B-PERSON
I	O
think	O
is	O
just	O
how	O
difficult	O
it	O
is	O
for	O
news	O
organizations	O
to	O
report	O
on	O
themselves	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
news	O
organizations	O
demand	O
total	O
transparency	O
whether	O
you	O
're	O
General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
or	O
United	B-GPE
States	I-GPE
government	O
/.	O


We	O
want	O
access	O
/.	O


We	O
want	O
explanation	O
/.	O


We	O
want	O
full	O
disclosure	O
/.	O


But	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
difficult	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
themselves	O
/.	O


In	O
this	O
case	O
and	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
makes	O
it	O
very	O
plain	O
in	O
their	O
story	O
today	B-DATE
they	O
really	O
suffered	O
/.	O


They	O
were	O
behind	O
on	O
virtually	O
every	O
major	O
aspect	O
of	O
the	O
story	O
/.	O


Even	O
when	O
she	O
went	O
to	O
jail	O
/?	O


Even	O
when	O
she	O
went	O
to	O
jail	O
and	O
w-	O
/.	O


When	O
she	O
won	O
release	O
from	O
jail	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
at	O
the	O
point	O
that	O
she	O
came	O
out	O
/.	O


They	O
did	O
n't	O
say	O
that	O
you	O
know	O
until	O
she	O
walked	O
out	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
question	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
serious	O
question	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
answered	O
in	O
the	O
article	O
/.	O


Were	O
editorial	O
higher	O
-	O
ups	O
and	O
were	O
the	O
corporate	O
lawyers	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
in	O
some	O
way	O
leaning	O
on	O
suppressing	O
and	O
distorting	O
the	O
coverage	O
from	O
the	O
news	O
uh	O
section	O
/?	O


Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
uh	O
in	O
this	O
lengthy	O
piece	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
uh	O
uh	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
is	O
quoted	O
excuse	O
me	O
as	O
saying	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
another	O
source	O
beside	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
that	O
she	O
dealt	O
with	O
on	O
the	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
situation	O
/.	O


She	O
does	O
n't	O
recall	O
who	O
that	O
source	O
was	O
looking	O
at	O
her	O
notes	O
and	O
seeing	O
the	O
uh	O
notation	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Flame	I-PERSON
/.	O


She	O
got	O
the	O
name	O
wrong	O
/.	O


Do	O
you	O
buy	O
this	O
notion	O
that	O
she	O
does	O
n't	O
recall	O
who	O
this	O
other	O
source	O
was	O
/?	O


No	O
of	O
course	O
not	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O


In	O
fact	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
major	O
unanswered	O
question	O
/.	O


We	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
who	O
eh	O
her	O
source	O
was	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
revealing	O
the	O
identity	O
of	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
/.	O


And	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
she	O
does	O
not	O
recall	O
is	O
really	O
as	O
convincing	O
as	O
having	O
Woodward	B-PERSON
and	O
Bernstein	B-PERSON
saying	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
recall	O
who	O
Deep	B-PERSON
Throat	I-PERSON
was	O
/.	O


After	O
all	O
these	O
notes	O
were	O
just	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
when	O
um	O
the	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
Bob	B-PERSON
Novak	I-PERSON
column	O
appeared	O
and	O
when	O
the	O
whole	O
Washington	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
whole	O
journalistic	O
community	O
was	O
talking	O
about	O
it	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
/-	O


Incidentally	O
there	O
was	O
some	O
questions	O
uh	O
that	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
would	O
not	O
answer	O
to	O
her	O
colleagues	O
/.	O


and	O
she	O
would	O
n't	O
share	O
her	O
notes	O
with	O
them	O
although	O
they	O
've	O
been	O
turned	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
special	O
prosecutor	O
/.	O


Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
the	O
big	O
news	O
for	O
me	O
was	O
Miller	B-PERSON
recounting	O
what	O
her	O
lawyer	O
Floyd	B-PERSON
Abrams	I-PERSON
had	O
said	O
to	O
her	O
about	O
a	O
conversation	O
that	O
he	O
had	O
with	O
Joe	B-PERSON
Tate	I-PERSON
who	O
was	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
lawyer	O
/.	O


Uh	O
says	O
um	O
Floyd	B-PERSON
Abrams	I-PERSON
according	O
to	O
Miller	B-PERSON
's	O
account	O
when	O
I	O
would	O
n't	O
give	O
him	O
Tate	B-PERSON
an	O
assurance	O
that	O
you	O
would	O
exonerate	O
Libby	B-PERSON
he	O
said	O
do	O
n't	O
go	O
there	O
/.	O


Now	O
Tate	B-PERSON
by	O
the	O
way	O
tells	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
that	O
that	O
account	O
is	O
false	O
and	O
outrageous	O
/.	O


Does	O
this	O
help	O
justify	O
eh	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
otherwise	O
mysterious	O
decision	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
jail	O
and	O
not	O
accept	O
the	O
waiver	O
of	O
confidentiality	O
that	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
offered	O
and	O
sit	O
in	O
jail	O
for	O
eighty	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
/?	O


N-	O
you	O
n-	O
/.	O


you	O
know	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
talking	O
to	O
Judy	B-PERSON
off	O
and	O
on	O
about	O
this	O
case	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
/.	O


This	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
difficult	O
decision	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
this	O
all	O
comes	O
down	O
to	O
is	O
you	O
keep	O
your	O
promises	O
when	O
you	O
make	O
a	O
promise	O
to	O
a	O
confidential	O
source	O
/.	O


You	O
'll	O
recall	O
six	B-DATE
or	I-DATE
eight	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
Howie	B-PERSON
I	O
was	O
on	O
the	O
show	O
and	O
we	O
were	O
talking	O
about	O
you	O
know	O
did	O
Russert	B-PERSON
and	O
Kessler	B-PERSON
and	O
all	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
those	O
guys	O
did	O
they	O
break	O
some	O
trust	O
by	O
agreeing	O
to	O
testify	O
and	O
observing	O
the	O
waiver	O
/?	O


What	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
situation	O
and	O
the	O
turmoil	O
that	O
is	O
obviously	O
going	O
on	O
at	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
right	O
now	O
points	O
out	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
a	O
major	O
problem	O
in	O
this	O
country	O
/.	O


it	O
's	O
that	O
reporters	O
believe	O
they	O
need	O
to	O
keep	O
their	O
promises	O
to	O
their	O
sources	O
/.	O


Reporters	O
will	O
try	O
to	O
do	O
whatever	O
they	O
can	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
the	O
law	O
allows	O
them	O
to	O
protect	O
those	O
sources	O
/.	O


Right	O
/.	O


But	O
these	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
um	O
with	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
our	O
law	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
federal	O
shield	O
law	O
we	O
have	O
prosecutors	O
and	O
civil	O
litigants	O
going	O
in	O
there	O
and	O
interfering	O
with	O
the	O
day	O
to	O
day	O
operation	O
of	O
our	O
newsrooms	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
just	O
can	O
tolerate	O
this	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
're	O
trying	O
to	O
/-	O


I	O
think	O
Lucy	B-PERSON
's	O
on	O
to	O
something	O
here	O
if	O
I	O
can	O
just	O
say	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
very	O
important	O
because	O
this	O
is	O
an	O
ugly	O
case	O
/.	O


And	O
even	O
people	O
close	O
to	O
Judith	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
say	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
you	O
'd	O
really	O
like	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
mat	O
on	O
/.	O


You	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
clear	O
whistle	O
blower	O
case	O
/.	O


You	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
papers	O
case	O
/.	O


You	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
have	O
something	O
where	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
being	O
and	O
the	O
sanctity	O
of	O
the	O
Republic	B-ORG
you	O
know	O
hangs	O
in	O
the	O
balance	O
/.	O


She	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
report	O
on	O
this	O
/.	O


But	O
it	O
does	O
point	O
out	O
a	O
very	O
serious	O
issue	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
whole	O
notion	O
of	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
and	O
abuse	O
of	O
confidential	O
sources	O
the	O
protections	O
that	O
reporters	O
do	O
or	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
and	O
the	O
propensity	O
of	O
uh	O
the	O
United	B-GPE
States	I-GPE
government	O
to	O
have	O
more	O
secrecy	O
not	O
less	O
/.	O


We	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
figure	O
this	O
out	O
/.	O


Well	O
just	O
to	O
clarify	O
uh	O
she	O
did	O
ultimately	O
uh	O
testify	O
about	O
her	O
confidential	O
source	O
/.	O


The	O
whole	O
issue	O
was	O
how	O
voluntary	O
was	O
the	O
waiver	O
of	O
her	O
promise	O
to	O
Scooter	O
Libby	B-PERSON
offered	O
and	O
why	O
was	O
she	O
able	O
to	O
accept	O
after	O
being	O
in	O
jail	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
before	O
being	O
in	O
jail	O
/.	O


Well	O
exactly	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O
/.	O


it	O
's	O
really	O
time	O
for	O
Lucy	B-PERSON
and	O
other	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
defenders	O
to	O
update	O
her	O
talking	O
points	O
because	O
what	O
Lucy	B-PERSON
just	O
said	O
just	O
simply	O
does	O
not	O
wash	O
/.	O


The	O
truth	O
is	O
that	O
as	O
Howie	B-PERSON
said	O
she	O
did	O
testify	O
/.	O


The	O
truth	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
clear	O
from	O
the	O
stories	O
today	B-DATE
that	O
she	O
could	O
've	O
asked	O
uh	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
to	O
call	O
her	O
so	O
that	O
she	O
could	O
hear	O
the	O
timber	O
of	O
his	O
voice	O
earlier	O
/.	O


All	O
of	O
that	O
could	O
have	O
happened	O
/.	O


It	O
did	O
not	O
happen	O
because	O
clearly	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
is	O
protecting	O
another	O
source	O
that	O
she	O
still	O
has	O
not	O
revealed	O
to	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
public	O
/.	O


And	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
is	O
/.	O


Lucy	B-PERSON
/.	O


/.	O


Let	O
me	O
get	O
a	O
response	O
from	O
Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
obvious	O
from	O
what	O
Judy	B-PERSON
wrote	O
today	B-DATE
she	O
is	O
protecting	O
somebody	O
else	O
/.	O


And	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
reasons	O
that	O
this	O
negotiation	O
took	O
so	O
long	O
is	O
that	O
not	O
only	O
was	O
she	O
negotiating	O
what	O
she	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
say	O
about	O
Scooter	B-PERSON
Libby	I-PERSON
but	O
you	O
got	O
to	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
I	O
'm	O
a	O
lawyer	O
there	O
were	O
lawyers	O
involved	O
in	O
this	O
/.	O


They	O
had	O
to	O
negotiate	O
with	O
Patrick	B-PERSON
Fitzgerald	I-PERSON
what	O
he	O
would	O
not	O
talk	O
about	O
/.	O


They	O
also	O
had	O
to	O
negotiate	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
there	O
would	O
be	O
any	O
type	O
of	O
um	O
uh	O
uh	O
obstruction	O
charges	O
connected	O
with	O
contacting	O
/.	O


Once	O
you	O
invoke	O
the	O
wrath	O
or	O
the	O
extreme	O
interest	O
of	O
a	O
federal	O
prosecutor	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
very	O
careful	O
/.	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
mess	O
with	O
the	O
Feds	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
very	O
clear	O
in	O
her	O
story	O
that	O
she	O
decided	O
finally	O
to	O
testify	O
because	O
she	O
got	O
tired	O
of	O
jail	O
because	O
she	O
was	O
threatened	O
with	O
criminal	O
contempt	O
charges	O
because	O
she	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
now	O
she	O
's	O
saying	O
admitting	O
finally	O
write	O
a	O
book	O
/.	O


All	O
these	O
things	O
are	O
there	O
in	O
black	O
and	O
white	O
/.	O


and	O
to	O
continue	O
to	O
portray	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
martyr	O
is	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
work	O
/.	O


And	O
on	O
that	O
point	O
Arianna	B-PERSON
on	O
that	O
point	O
she	O
says	O
sh-	O
/-	O


Excuse	O
me	O
/.	O


Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
says	O
she	O
's	O
taking	O
some	O
time	O
off	O
from	O
the	O
paper	O
/.	O


She	O
wants	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
book	O
/.	O


She	O
would	O
n't	O
share	O
her	O
notes	O
with	O
her	O
colleagues	O
who	O
were	O
writing	O
the	O
story	O
/.	O


Do	O
you	O
think	O
she	O
'll	O
ever	O
come	O
back	O
/?	O


You	O
think	O
she	O
's	O
saving	O
it	O
for	O
the	O
book	O
/?	O


Well	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
clear	O
that	O
she	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
welcome	O
in	O
the	O
newsroom	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
clear	O
eh	O
as	O
I	O
reported	O
again	O
that	O
when	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Keller	I-PERSON
took	O
her	O
off	O
her	O
WMD	O
beat	O
they	O
were	O
all	O
hoping	O
she	O
would	O
resign	O
/.	O


Instead	O
she	O
threw	O
a	O
fit	O
/.	O


but	O
she	O
stayed	O
on	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
journalism	O
one	B-CARDINAL
oh	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
course	O
the	O
way	O
she	O
handled	O
both	O
the	O
WMD	O
reporting	O
and	O
Plame	B-EVENT
Gate	I-EVENT
/.	O


Frank	O
Sesno	O
please	O
comment	O
/.	O


Jump	O
in	O
/.	O


And	O
Howie	B-PERSON
I	O
'll	O
tell	O
you	O
what	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
gigantic	O
shot	O
across	O
the	O
bow	O
of	O
every	O
manager	O
in	O
the	O
news	O
business	O
and	O
every	O
editor	O
and	O
every	O
executive	O
producer	O
anywhere	O
because	O
you	O
got	O
to	O
have	O
some	O
uh	O
control	O
some	O
connection	O
with	O
your	O
correspondants	O
and	O
your	O
reporters	O
/.	O


You	O
got	O
to	O
know	O
who	O
they	O
're	O
talking	O
to	O
at	O
some	O
level	O
anyway	O
because	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
/?	O


It	O
's	O
about	O
trust	O
with	O
the	O
public	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
about	O
you	O
know	O
ending	O
up	O
in	O
jail	O
or	O
in	O
court	O
/.	O


their	O
story	O
says	O
that	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Keller	I-PERSON
and	O
Arthur	B-PERSON
Sulzberger	I-PERSON
did	O
not	O
press	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
about	O
her	O
conversations	O
with	O
Libby	B-PERSON
or	O
ask	O
to	O
see	O
her	O
notes	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
defending	O
her	O
/.	O


Ask	O
to	O
see	O
her	O
/.	O


And	O
by	O
the	O
way	O
we	O
invited	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
to	O
have	O
an	O
editor	O
appear	O
on	O
this	O
program	O
/.	O


The	O
paper	O
declined	O
/.	O


When	O
we	O
come	O
back	O
media	O
speculation	O
run	O
amuck	O
over	O
possible	O
indictments	O
at	O
sixteen	O
hundred	O
Pennsylvania	B-FAC
and	O
the	O
President	O
's	O
scripted	O
session	O
with	O
troops	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Stay	O
with	O
us	O
/.	O


Welcome	O
back	O
to	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


As	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
leak	O
investigation	O
continued	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
media	O
folks	O
did	O
plenty	O
of	O
speculating	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
about	O
the	O
possible	O
indictment	O
of	O
a	O
certain	O
top	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
official	O
who	O
testified	O
before	O
the	O
grand	O
jury	O
for	O
the	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
time	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
/.	O


Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
his	O
closest	O
aide	O
the	O
number	B-CARDINAL
two	I-CARDINAL
man	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
the	O
man	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
called	O
Bush	B-PERSON
's	O
brain	O
/.	O


If	O
he	O
's	O
indicted	O
and	O
has	O
to	O
go	O
it	O
undermines	O
the	O
key	O
source	O
of	O
this	O
President	O
's	O
public	O
support	O
his	O
character	O
/.	O


If	O
Rove	B-PERSON
gets	O
indicted	O
that	O
could	O
bring	O
down	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
I	O
think	O
/.	O


My	O
understanding	O
from	O
talking	O
to	O
somebody	O
quite	O
close	O
to	O
this	O
investigation	O
is	O
that	O
they	O
think	O
there	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
indictments	O
/.	O


and	O
possibly	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
could	O
be	O
among	O
them	O
/.	O


Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
if	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
is	O
indicted	O
,	O
if	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
is	O
indicted	O
,	O
what	O
if	O
he	O
's	O
not	O
indicted	O
/?	O


Is	O
n't	O
this	O
the	O
worst	O
kind	O
of	O
journalistic	O
speculation	O
/?	O


Yeah	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
always	O
dangerous	O
to	O
speculate	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
you	O
're	O
really	O
besmirching	O
someone	O
's	O
reputation	O
.	O
Although	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
sure	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
that	O
with	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
/.	O


But	O
it	O
uh	O
is	O
very	O
very	O
you	O
know	O
eh	O
irre-	O
/-	O


I	O
would	O
prefer	O
that	O
people	O
keep	O
an	O
eye	O
on	O
you	O
know	O
watching	O
him	O
testify	O
and	O
going	O
in	O
and	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
courthouse	O
/.	O


But	O
uh	O
will	O
it	O
bring	O
down	O
the	O
administration	O
/?	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
/.	O


Ah	O
eh	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
/.	O


Well	O
nobody	O
knows	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
the	O
point	O
/.	O


Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
I	O
used	O
to	O
cover	O
the	O
justice	O
department	O
/.	O


Not	O
everybody	O
who	O
's	O
under	O
investigation	O
winds	O
up	O
getting	O
indicted	O
/.	O


Ah	O
but	O
you	O
certainly	O
and	O
you	O
're	O
uh	O
on	O
a	O
blog	O
so	O
maybe	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
different	O
standard	O
have	O
speculated	O
about	O
Rove	B-PERSON
's	O
fate	O
as	O
well	O
/.	O


Well	O
not	O
just	O
Rove	B-PERSON
though	O
/.	O


what	O
we	O
have	O
speculated	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
might	O
be	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
tangled	O
web	O
that	O
Fitzgerald	B-PERSON
is	O
after	O
the	O
whole	O
Iraq	B-GPE
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
group	O
the	O
group	O
that	O
uh	O
in	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
's	O
office	O
with	O
Libby	B-PERSON
and	O
Rove	B-PERSON
and	O
Mary	B-PERSON
Matalin	I-PERSON
and	O
Condoleezza	B-PERSON
Rice	I-PERSON
and	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
administration	O
officials	O
basically	O
sold	O
um	O
a	O
war	O
to	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
public	O
based	O
on	O
lies	O
/.	O


I	O
mean	O
that	O
is	O
really	O
the	O
web	O
/.	O


But	O
it	O
seems	O
and	O
we	O
find	O
out	O
today	B-DATE
also	O
from	O
uh	O
um	O
the	O
reporting	O
on	O
the	O
Miller	B-PERSON
story	O
,	O
that	O
uh	O
Fitzgerald	B-PERSON
is	O
after	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
even	O
in	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
questioning	O
eh	O
of	O
Miller	B-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
think	O
those	O
were	O
fairly	O
routine	O
questions	O
about	O
/.	O


you	O
have	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
there	O
/.	O


you	O
ask	O
about	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
/.	O
/.	O


He	O
was	O
being	O
thorough	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
we	O
're	O
overthinking	O
this	O
whole	O
thing	O
/.	O


Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
and	O
this	O
speculation	O
business	O
you	O
know	O
/.	O


Frank	B-PERSON
Sesno	I-PERSON
/.	I-PERSON


Pat	B-PERSON
Fitzgerald	I-PERSON
/.	I-PERSON


It	O
's	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
sit	O
here	O
and	O
say	O
oh	O
we	O
should	O
never	O
speculate	O
in	O
journalism	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
irresponsible	O
journalism	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
really	O
how	O
you	O
speculate	O
not	O
that	O
you	O
speculate	O
/.	O


The	O
fact	O
of	O
the	O
matter	O
is	O
that	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
has	O
been	O
to	O
the	O
grand	O
jury	O
four	B-CARDINAL
times	O
/.	O


The	O
fact	O
of	O
the	O
matter	O
is	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
lots	O
of	O
people	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
and	O
believe	O
me	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
all	O
journalists	O
who	O
are	O
speculating	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
guy	O
gets	O
indicted	O
/.	O


It	O
would	O
be	O
irresponsible	O
I	O
think	O
for	O
the	O
media	O
not	O
to	O
reflect	O
what	O
the	O
discussion	O
is	O
here	O
in	O
town	O
/.	O


And	O
there	O
are	O
plenty	O
of	O
Republicans	B-NORP
mostly	O
Republicans	B-NORP
who	O
are	O
worried	O
about	O
this	O
/.	O


Alright	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
turn	O
now	O
to	O
uh	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
's	O
uh	O
meeting	O
uh	O
uh	O
photo	O
op	O
some	O
called	O
it	O
with	O
US	B-GPE
troops	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
whether	O
it	O
was	O
staged	O
how	O
shocking	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
actual	O
footage	O
/.	O


And	O
in	O
your	O
interactions	O
with	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
civilians	O
in	O
Tikrit	B-GPE
Saddam	B-PERSON
's	O
hometown	O
how	O
are	O
they	O
reacting	O
to	O
this	O
political	O
process	O
/?	O


Sir	O
in	O
the	O
north	O
central	O
area	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
voter	O
registration	O
has	O
increased	O
seventeen	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
/.	O


Can	O
you	O
give	O
us	O
a	O
sense	O
for	O
the	O
reception	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
there	O
in	O
Tikrit	B-GPE
/?	O


Sir	O
in	O
north	O
central	O
Iraq	B-GPE
voter	O
regis-	O
/-	O


Are	O
you	O
stunned	O
/?	O


Are	O
you	O
stunned	O
/?	O


Shocked	O
/.	O


I	O
ca	O
n't	O
believe	O
it	O
/.	O


they	O
rehearsed	O
it	O
/.	O


They	O
rehearsed	O
it	O
/.	O


They	O
rehearsed	O
it	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
you	O
know	O
something	O
/?	O


uh	O
I	O
remember	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
ago	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Deaver	I-PERSON
the	O
ultimate	O
image	O
meister	O
for	O
Ronald	B-PERSON
Reagan	I-PERSON
said	O
my	O
job	O
is	O
to	O
light	O
the	O
President	O
well	O
and	O
for	O
everything	O
I	O
do	O
to	O
put	O
the	O
President	O
in	O
a	O
good	O
light	O
/.	O


Now	O
look	O
first	B-ORDINAL
of	O
all	O
this	O
is	O
uncomfortable	O
to	O
see	O
/.	O


and	O
what	O
the	O
problem	O
this	O
now	O
creates	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
is	O
{is}	O
it	O
plays	O
into	O
the	O
credibility	O
issue	O
that	O
the	O
President	O
has	O
that	O
everything	O
now	O
is	O
becoming	O
a	O
photo	O
op	O
and	O
a	O
rehearsed	O
event	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
rescue	O
what	O
are	O
tumbling	O
numbers	O
on	O
his	O
performance	O
on	O
public	O
support	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
the	O
whole	O
bit	O
/.	O


But	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
anybody	O
would	O
think	O
that	O
you	O
would	O
do	O
something	O
like	O
this	O
a	O
remote	O
/.	O


I	O
mean	O
anybody	O
in	O
television	O
will	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
's	O
complicated	O
business	O
/.	O


You	O
have	O
satellite	O
delay	O
/.	O


You	O
have	O
a	B-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
a	I-CARDINAL
dozen	I-CARDINAL
people	O
sitting	O
there	O
/.	O


Who	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
speak	O
when	O
/.	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
awkward	O
silences	O
/.	O


You	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
walk	O
through	O
it	O
/.	O


so	O
that	O
it	O
happened	O
does	O
n't	O
surprise	O
me	O
/.	O


That	O
it	O
hurts	O
the	O
President	O
yeah	O
that	O
's	O
inevitable	O
too	O
/.	O


Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
does	O
the	O
staging	O
here	O
surprise	O
you	O
at	O
all	O
/?	O


Well	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
the	O
question	O
of	O
surpising	O
me	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O


It	O
's	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
talking	O
about	O
war	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
not	O
just	O
any	O
photo	O
opportunity	O
/.	O


Of	O
course	O
that	O
's	O
part	O
and	O
parcel	O
of	O
the	O
presidency	O
/.	O


But	O
we	O
're	O
talking	O
about	O
a	O
war	O
in	O
which	O
almost	B-CARDINAL
two	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
young	O
Americans	B-NORP
have	O
died	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
are	O
also	O
using	O
soldiers	O
as	O
props	O
/.	O


Yes	O
it	O
is	O
shocking	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
think	O
Keith	B-PERSON
Olbermann	I-PERSON
did	O
a	O
phenomenal	O
job	O
at	O
exposing	O
this	O
on	O
MSNBC	B-ORG
/.	O


Alright	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
journalists	O
are	O
actually	O
taking	O
a	O
hard	O
look	O
at	O
what	O
this	O
administration	O
is	O
doing	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
leave	O
it	O
there	O
/.	O


Last	O
word	O
/.	O


Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
Lucy	B-PERSON
Dalglish	I-PERSON
in	O
Minneapolis	B-GPE
Frank	B-PERSON
Sesno	I-PERSON
thanks	O
so	O
very	O
much	O
for	O
joining	O
us	O
/.	O


Coming	O
up	O
,	O
we	O
launch	O
our	O
new	O
segment	O
Talk	B-WORK_OF_ART
Back	I-WORK_OF_ART
to	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Media	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
former	O
lawyer	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
takes	O
on	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
and	O
ex-FBI	B-ORG
director	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
/.	O


And	O
still	O
to	O
come	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
columnist	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
/.	O


Welcome	O
back	O
/.	O


In	O
our	O
new	O
Talk	B-WORK_OF_ART
Back	I-WORK_OF_ART
to	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Media	I-WORK_OF_ART
segment	O
someone	O
who	O
believes	O
he	O
or	O
she	O
's	O
been	O
treated	O
unfairly	O
by	O
the	O
press	O
gets	O
the	O
chance	O
to	O
sound	O
off	O
and	O
give	O
their	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
controversy	O
/.	O


Last	B-DATE
Sunday	I-DATE
Mike	B-PERSON
Wallace	I-PERSON
sat	O
down	O
with	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
who	O
's	O
peddling	O
a	O
memoir	O
on	O
Sixty	B-WORK_OF_ART
Minutes	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


and	O
the	O
former	O
FBI	B-ORG
director	O
unloaded	O
on	O
the	O
President	O
who	O
appointed	O
him	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
/.	O


Among	O
his	O
criticisms	O
the	O
former	O
president	O
's	O
handling	O
of	O
the	O
nineteen	B-DATE
ninety	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
six	I-DATE
Khobar	B-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
terrorist	O
bombing	O
that	O
killed	O
nineteen	B-CARDINAL
US	B-GPE
marines	O
in	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
/.	O


I	O
was	O
very	O
disappointed	O
that	O
the	O
political	O
leadership	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
uh	O
would	O
tell	O
the	O
families	O
of	O
these	O
nineteen	B-CARDINAL
heroes	O
that	O
we	O
were	O
going	O
to	O
leave	O
no	O
stone	O
unturned	O
and	O
find	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
killed	O
them	O
/.	O


to	O
give	O
that	O
order	O
to	O
the	O
director	O
because	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
order	O
that	O
I	O
got	O
and	O
then	O
to	O
do	O
nothing	O
to	O
assist	O
and	O
facilitate	O
that	O
investigation	O
in	O
fact	O
to	O
undermine	O
it	O
/.	O


The	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
people	O
were	O
furious	O
at	O
the	O
way	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
hailed	O
the	O
segment	O
/.	O


and	O
here	O
to	O
talk	O
back	O
is	O
former	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
attorney	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
/.	O


Welcome	O
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
substance	O
first	B-ORDINAL
/.	O


Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
says	O
that	O
when	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
met	O
with	O
Crown	B-PERSON
Prince	I-PERSON
Abdullah	I-PERSON
in	O
nineteen	B-DATE
ninety	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
eight	I-DATE
,	O
he	O
did	O
n't	O
press	O
for	O
FBI	B-ORG
access	O
to	O
suspects	O
in	O
the	O
Khobar	B-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
bombing	O
and	O
he	O
hit	O
up	O
the	O
prince	O
for	O
a	O
contribution	O
to	O
his	O
presidential	O
library	O
/.	O


Well	O
not	O
only	O
is	O
that	O
false	O
and	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
has	O
said	O
so	O
but	O
everybody	O
who	O
attended	O
the	O
meeting	O
not	O
including	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
says	O
it	O
's	O
false	O
/.	O


And	O
my	O
problem	O
with	O
Sixty	O
Minutes	O
is	O
that	O
they	O
never	O
called	O
anybody	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
/.	O


Until	O
Friday	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
we	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
know	O
the	O
charge	O
was	O
being	O
made	O
/.	O


And	O
even	O
then	O
they	O
were	O
unwilling	O
to	O
put	O
somebody	O
on	O
the	O
air	O
to	O
contradict	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
/.	O


Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
says	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
was	O
offered	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
come	O
on	O
and	O
give	O
his	O
rebuttal	O
/.	O


What	O
's	O
wrong	O
with	O
that	O
/?	O


Well	O
first	B-ORDINAL
of	O
all	O
it	O
's	O
absolutely	O
amazing	O
that	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
thinks	O
it	O
's	O
okay	O
to	O
air	O
a	O
false	O
and	O
malicious	O
statement	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
terrible	O
charge	O
that	O
an	O
FBI	B-ORG
investigation	O
was	O
thwarted	O
because	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
wanted	O
to	O
receive	O
money	O
for	O
his	O
library	O
/.	O


The	O
charge	O
was	O
false	O
/.	O


and	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
that	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
countered	O
is	O
a	O
former	O
president	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/?	O


What	O
about	O
anybody	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
who	O
was	O
willing	O
to	O
be	O
on	O
/?	O


What	O
about	O
them	O
doing	O
reporting	O
themselves	O
before	O
they	O
air	O
a	O
false	O
and	O
demonstrably	O
false	O
charge	O
/?	O


That	O
's	O
my	O
problem	O
/.	O


What	O
about	O
Sandy	B-PERSON
Berger	I-PERSON
the	O
former	O
national	O
security	O
advisor	O
under	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
/?	O


He	O
was	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
/.	O


He	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
room	O
/.	O


Did	O
you	O
offer	O
him	O
for	O
an	O
on	O
-	O
camera	O
interview	O
/?	O


Well	O
on	O
Friday	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
/.	O


You	O
were	O
n't	O
there	O
/.	O


I	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
/.	O


You	O
're	O
good	O
on	O
television	O
/.	O


but	O
you	O
were	O
n't	O
there	O
/.	O


uh	O
I	O
talked	O
to	O
Sandy	B-PERSON
Berger	I-PERSON
/.	O


We	O
issued	O
a	O
statement	O
from	O
Mister	O
Berger	B-PERSON
/.	O


but	O
this	O
was	O
Friday	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
when	O
we	O
first	B-ORDINAL
learned	O
about	O
it	O
with	O
Sunday	B-DATE
broadcast	O
/.	O


Why	O
did	O
n't	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
invite	O
Mister	O
Berger	B-PERSON
or	O
other	O
people	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
before	O
Friday	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
/?	O


Why	O
did	O
it	O
take	O
us	O
to	O
get	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
to	O
do	O
basic	O
reporting	O
to	O
verify	O
facts	O
/?	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
enough	O
to	O
have	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
say	O
something	O
is	O
so	O
based	O
on	O
an	O
anonymous	O
source	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
poor	O
journalism	O
/.	O


On	O
that	O
point	O
let	O
me	O
read	O
a	O
statement	O
from	O
a	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
spokesman	O
/.	O


And	O
this	O
involves	O
uh	O
their	O
saying	O
that	O
they	O
contacted	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
office	O
back	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
with	O
a	O
detailed	O
list	O
of	O
charges	O
and	O
then	O
quote	O
in	O
subsequent	O
phone	O
calls	O
the	O
President	O
's	O
people	O
said	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
interviewed	O
/.	O


They	O
gave	O
no	O
+substantive	O
response	O
to	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
allegations	O
until	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
launched	O
his	O
PR	O
campaign	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
Thursday	I-DATE
before	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
broadcast	I-DATE
and	O
offered	O
himself	O
as	O
the	O
person	O
from	O
the	O
camp	O
who	O
would	O
merely	O
disparage	O
and	O
attack	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
rather	O
than	O
deal	O
with	O
his	O
allegations	O
/.	O


Denials	O
from	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
and	O
Sandy	B-PERSON
Berger	I-PERSON
that	O
did	O
deal	O
with	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
's	O
allegations	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
Sixty	B-WORK_OF_ART
Minutes	I-WORK_OF_ART
report	O
/.	O


Well	O
first	O
of	O
all	O
it	O
's	O
false	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
asking	O
to	O
disparage	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
was	O
asking	O
to	O
talk	O
about	O
facts	O
that	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
was	O
saying	O
that	O
were	O
not	O
true	O
/.	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
mind	O
disparaging	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
/.	O


my	O
observation	O
/.	O


no	O
in	O
fact	O
I	O
disparage	O
any	O
man	O
who	O
as	O
FBI	B-ORG
director	O
has	O
a	O
personal	O
pique	O
rather	O
than	O
doing	O
his	O
job	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
disparaging	O
/.	O


Secondly	B-ORDINAL
it	O
is	O
absolutely	O
a	O
misrepresentation	O
that	O
they	O
told	O
us	O
before	O
just	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
before	I-DATE
/.	O


When	O
Mister	O
Carson	B-PERSON
the	O
representative	O
spoke	O
to	O
Mister	O
Wallace	B-PERSON
Mister	O
Wallace	B-PERSON
agreed	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
never	O
verified	O
what	O
Mister	O
uh	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
had	O
said	O
/.	O


They	O
never	O
talked	O
to	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
/.	O


and	O
in	O
fact	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
until	O
that	B-DATE
Friday	I-DATE
that	O
we	O
learned	O
the	O
substance	O
of	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
's	O
charges	O
/.	O


So	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
I	O
think	O
has	O
just	O
said	O
something	O
that	O
is	O
false	O
/.	O


When	O
did	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
team	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
was	O
going	O
to	O
report	O
that	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
with	O
his	O
new	O
book	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
specific	O
allegation	O
about	O
Clinton	O
's	O
handling	O
of	O
the	O
Khobar	B-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
investigation	O
and	O
the	O
business	O
about	O
the	O
presidential	O
library	O
solicitation	O
/.	O


When	O
somebody	O
named	O
Howard	B-PERSON
Kurtz	I-PERSON
wrote	O
a	O
story	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
Washington	I-ORG
Post	I-ORG
on	O
Friday	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
that	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
forces	O
learned	O
about	O
that	O
false	O
and	O
demonstrably	O
false	O
charge	O
that	O
good	O
reporting	O
by	O
calling	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
could	O
have	O
done	O
would	O
have	O
verified	O
that	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
made	O
a	O
false	O
charge	O
/.	O


And	O
even	O
since	O
that	O
interview	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
has	O
backed	O
off	O
and	O
has	O
not	O
told	O
people	O
who	O
his	O
source	O
is	O
/.	O


and	O
he	O
has	O
n't	O
even	O
insisted	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
true	O
/.	O


He	O
just	O
said	O
somebody	O
told	O
him	O
it	O
was	O
true	O
/.	O


Hold	O
on	O
/.	O


Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Kevin	B-PERSON
Tedesco	I-PERSON
said	O
in	O
the	O
statement	O
I	O
just	O
referred	O
to	O
that	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
office	O
was	O
contacted	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
with	O
a	O
detailed	O
list	O
of	O
charges	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
false	O
/.	O


Are	O
you	O
saying	O
that	O
's	O
false	O
/?	O


They	O
were	O
never	O
told	O
/.	O
/.	O


or	O
at	O
least	O
I	O
'm	O
now	O
basing	O
this	O
on	O
what	O
Mister	O
Carson	B-PERSON
has	O
told	O
me	O
/.	O


Jay	B-PERSON
Carson	I-PERSON
is	O
the	O
spokesman	O
for	O
former	O
president	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
/.	O


Jay	B-PERSON
Carson	I-PERSON
is	O
the	O
spokesperson	O
for	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
was	O
not	O
informed	O
about	O
the	O
specific	O
charge	O
about	O
the	B-FAC
Khobar	I-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
which	O
happens	O
to	O
be	O
not	O
true	O
/.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
at	O
that	O
uh	O
meeting	O
did	O
press	O
the	O
uh	O
Crown	O
Prince	O
to	O
cooperate	O
with	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
/.	O


so	O
what	O
Mister	O
Freeh	B-PERSON
said	O
was	O
false	O
/.	O


That	O
was	O
not	O
understood	O
by	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
people	O
until	O
it	O
was	O
read	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
Washington	I-ORG
Post	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
story	O
that	O
you	O
wrote	O
because	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
put	O
a	O
press	O
release	O
out	O
/.	O


Uh	O
now	O
look	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
gave	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
one	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
to	O
push	O
his	O
own	O
ten	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
dollar	I-MONEY
autobiography	O
/.	O


He	O
criticized	O
people	O
/.	O


He	O
criticized	O
Ken	B-PERSON
Starr	I-PERSON
/.	O


They	O
did	O
n't	O
have	O
Ken	B-PERSON
Starr	I-PERSON
on	O
to	O
rebut	O
/.	O


Now	O
the	O
former	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Investigation	I-ORG
uh	O
who	O
ca	O
n't	O
stand	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
clearly	O
writes	O
a	O
book	O
gets	O
one	B-CARDINAL
segment	O
for	O
his	O
book	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
cry	O
foul	O
/.	O


Nobody	O
was	O
complaining	O
about	O
when	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
was	O
getting	O
all	O
this	O
airtime	O
on	O
CBS	B-ORG
/.	O


Look	O
/.	O


Look	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
program	O
about	O
good	O
journalism	O
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
ask	O
a	O
Sixty	B-ORG
Minutes	I-ORG
uh	O
journalist	O
to	O
say	O
do	O
you	O
have	O
an	O
obligation	O
to	O
verify	O
a	O
charge	O
made	O
by	O
the	O
former	O
FBI	B-ORG
director	O
as	O
whether	O
it	O
's	O
true	O
or	O
not	O
/.	O


Is	O
it	O
good	O
enough	O
to	O
air	O
it	O
just	O
because	O
he	O
says	O
it	O
/.	O


or	O
should	O
you	O
do	O
reporting	O
/?	O


Good	O
reporters	O
would	O
hear	O
that	O
charge	O
and	O
say	O
that	O
is	O
an	O
extremely	O
serious	O
charge	O
to	O
be	O
levelled	O
against	O
former	O
president	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
see	O
whether	O
it	O
's	O
true	O
and	O
start	O
making	O
phone	O
calls	O
/.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
do	O
that	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
a	O
fact	O
/.	O


Alright	O
Lanny	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
thanks	O
very	O
much	O
for	O
coming	O
on	O
to	O
Talk	B-WORK_OF_ART
Back	I-WORK_OF_ART
to	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Media	I-WORK_OF_ART
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
/.	O


We	O
appreciate	O
it	O
/.	O


Ahead	O
in	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
half	O
of	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
columnist	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
on	O
whether	O
the	O
media	O
are	O
suffering	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
fatigue	O
/.	O


Plus	O
that	O
heavily	O
hyped	O
subway	O
threat	O
that	O
was	O
n't	O
/.	O


After	O
an	O
update	O
on	O
the	O
hour	B-TIME
's	O
top	O
stories	O
from	O
Atlanta	B-GPE
/.	O


Hello	O
I	O
'm	O
at	O
the	O
CNN	B-ORG
center	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-GPE
/.	O


Now	O
in	O
the	O
news	O
/.	O


Earthquake	O
relief	O
flights	O
have	O
resumed	O
in	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
/.	O


That	O
's	O
after	O
torrential	O
rain	O
stopped	O
flights	O
for	O
hours	B-TIME
there	O
/.	O


And	O
a	O
Pakistani	B-NORP
helicopter	O
crashed	O
killing	O
six	B-CARDINAL
soldiers	O
/.	O


A	O
magnitude	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
point	I-CARDINAL
six	I-CARDINAL
earthquake	O
struck	O
last	B-DATE
weekend	I-DATE
as	O
you	O
recall	O
/.	O


Pakistan	B-GPE
's	O
prime	O
minister	O
says	O
it	O
killed	O
at	O
least	O
thirty	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
eight	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
people	O
and	O
left	O
about	B-CARDINAL
two	I-CARDINAL
and	I-CARDINAL
a	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
homeless	O
/.	O


Toledo	B-GPE
Ohio	B-GPE
is	O
quiet	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
after	O
a	O
planned	O
march	O
by	O
a	O
self	O
-	O
styled	O
nazi	O
group	O
sparked	O
a	O
riot	O
yesterday	B-DATE
/.	O


The	B-ORG
Associated	I-ORG
Press	I-ORG
says	O
police	O
arrested	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
sixty	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
people	O
/.	O


The	O
march	O
never	O
got	O
started	O
/.	O


but	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
counter-demonstrators	O
showed	O
up	O
and	O
battled	O
police	O
on	O
and	O
off	O
for	O
more	B-TIME
than	I-TIME
three	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
/.	O


Police	O
say	O
the	O
protestors	O
vandalized	O
vehicles	O
and	O
buildings	O
setting	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
structure	O
on	O
fire	O
/.	O


Look	O
at	O
this	O
/.	O


a	O
semi-truck	O
and	O
a	O
bus	O
carrying	O
high	O
school	O
band	O
members	O
collided	O
overnight	B-TIME
on	O
interstate	B-FAC
ninety	I-FAC
-	I-FAC
four	I-FAC
and	O
in	O
Wisconsin	B-GPE
/.	O


The	B-ORG
Associated	I-ORG
Press	I-ORG
quotes	O
the	O
Wisconsin	B-GPE
state	O
patrol	O
as	O
saying	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
people	O
were	O
killed	O
/.	O


The	O
students	O
were	O
from	O
Chippewa	B-GPE
Falls	I-GPE
Wisconsin	B-GPE
/.	O


They	O
were	O
returning	O
from	O
a	O
band	O
competition	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Wisconsin	I-ORG
in	O
Whitewater	B-GPE
/.	O


Those	O
are	O
the	O
headlines	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-GPE
/.	O


We	O
have	O
another	O
news	O
update	O
coming	O
up	O
in	O
just	B-TIME
thirty	I-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
/.	O


More	O
of	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
continues	O
right	O
now	O
/.	O


Welcome	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
half	O
of	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


Our	O
new	O
time	O
for	O
those	O
of	O
you	O
just	O
turning	O
in	O
is	O
ten	B-TIME
AM	I-TIME
eastern	I-TIME
seven	B-TIME
on	O
the	O
west	O
coast	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
'll	O
be	O
bringing	O
you	O
a	B-TIME
full	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
of	O
media	O
interviews	O
and	O
analysis	O
each	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


The	O
Iraq	B-GPE
story	O
which	O
the	O
media	O
has	O
placed	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
burner	O
in	O
recent	O
months	O
is	O
simmering	O
again	O
as	O
voters	O
in	O
that	O
war	O
torn	O
country	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
polls	O
yesterday	B-DATE
to	O
vote	O
on	O
a	O
new	O
constitution	O
with	O
the	O
results	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
counted	O
/.	O


But	O
are	O
journalists	O
getting	O
the	O
real	O
story	O
there	O
/?	O


To	O
help	O
us	O
scrutinize	O
the	O
coverage	O
I	O
sat	O
down	O
with	O
a	O
foreign	O
affairs	O
columnist	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
three	B-CARDINAL
time	O
Pulitzer	B-WORK_OF_ART
winner	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
and	O
the	O
author	O
most	O
recently	O
of	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
World	I-WORK_OF_ART
is	I-WORK_OF_ART
Flat	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
welcome	O
/.	O


Good	O
to	O
be	O
here	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O


thank	O
you	O
/.	O


The	B-DATE
other	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
you	O
wrote	O
that	O
if	O
you	O
were	O
the	O
editor	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
you	O
would	O
've	O
led	O
the	O
paper	O
with	O
the	O
news	O
of	O
recent	O
days	O
that	O
a	O
Sunni	B-NORP
suicide	O
bomber	O
on	O
Ramadan	B-DATE
had	O
attacked	O
a	O
Shiite	B-NORP
mosque	O
/.	O


Now	O
in	O
reality	O
the	O
world	O
that	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
rule	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
Washington	B-ORG
Post	I-ORG
made	O
that	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
larger	O
story	O
on	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Uh	O
nobody	O
put	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
page	O
/.	O


Bad	O
news	O
judgement	O
/?	O


Uh	O
I	O
think	O
so	O
Howie	B-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
here	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
news	O
point	O
though	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
really	O
making	O
a	O
larger	O
point	O
which	O
is	O
about	O
the	O
war	O
on	O
terrorism	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
a	O
firm	O
believer	O
/.	O


How	O
we	O
ever	O
going	O
to	O
win	O
this	O
war	O
/?	O


We	O
're	O
never	O
going	O
to	O
win	O
it	O
by	O
way	O
of	O
American	B-NORP
intelligence	O
finding	O
this	O
terrorist	O
or	O
that	O
terrorist	O
/.	O


We	O
get	O
lucky	O
every	O
once	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
/.	O


but	O
there	O
's	O
only	O
{one?}	O
way	O
we	O
win	O
this	O
war	O
Howie	B-PERSON
is	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
village	O
/.	O


It	O
only	O
happens	O
when	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
Muslim	I-NORP
world	O
basically	O
turns	O
people	O
in	O
and	O
when	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
Muslim	I-NORP
world	O
restrains	O
their	O
own	O
/.	O


And	O
what	O
was	O
so	O
shocking	O
to	O
me	O
about	O
this	O
story	O
a	O
Sunni	B-NORP
Jihadi	I-NORP
suicide	O
bomber	O
blows	O
up	O
a	O
mosque	O
number	B-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
on	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
Ramadan	I-DATE
/.	O


What	O
that	O
tells	O
you	O
is	O
that	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
controlling	O
moral	O
authority	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
Muslim	I-NORP
world	O
/.	O


Well	O
what	O
is	O
the	O
bigger	O
story	O
/?	O


And	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
huge	O
story	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
big	O
story	O
/.	O


Why	O
was	O
n't	O
/-	O


Is	O
it	O
because	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
fatigue	O
/?	O


Um	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
is	O
yeah	O
/.	O


Think	O
it	O
's	O
/-	O


Are	O
all	O
the	O
editors	O
and	O
producers	O
and	O
new	O
executives	O
feeling	O
another	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
another	O
bombing	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
killed	O
twenty	B-CARDINAL
killed	O
fifteen	B-CARDINAL
killed	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
rise	O
anymore	O
to	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
newscast	O
or	O
the	O
front	O
page	O
/?	O


Right	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
's	O
right	O
/.	O


There	O
is	O
Iraq	B-GPE
fatigue	O
/.	O


And	O
there	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
fatigue	O
that	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
sit	O
back	O
and	O
say	O
wait	O
a	B-TIME
minute	I-TIME
/.	O


what	O
happened	O
today	B-DATE
/?	O


A	O
Sunni	B-NORP
Muslim	I-NORP
fundamentalist	O
went	O
into	O
a	O
mosque	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
Ramadan	I-DATE
their	O
holiest	O
day	O
/.	O


and	O
no	O
one	O
says	O
boo	O
/.	O


this	O
is	O
civilization	O
that	O
when	O
we	O
accidentally	O
or	O
deliberately	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
abused	O
the	O
Koran	B-WORK_OF_ART
people	O
rioted	O
in	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
/.	O


Yet	O
their	O
own	O
houses	O
of	O
worship	O
and	O
holidays	O
are	O
being	O
defiled	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
how	O
much	O
we	O
've	O
kind	O
of	O
lost	O
been	O
numbed	O
by	O
all	O
of	O
this	O
that	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
sit	O
back	O
and	O
say	O
wow	O
wait	O
a	B-TIME
minute	I-TIME
/.	O


that	O
really	O
crosses	O
the	O
line	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
call	O
them	O
on	O
it	O
even	O
if	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
/.	O


You	O
're	O
recently	O
back	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


and	O
you	O
write	O
about	O
driving	O
in	O
from	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
/.	O


You	O
were	O
guarded	O
by	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
navy	O
/.	O


and	O
yet	O
it	O
was	O
kind	O
of	O
a	O
harrowing	O
experience	O
/.	O


Why	O
so	O
/?	O


Um	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
south	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
which	O
is	O
where	O
I	O
was	O
the	O
area	O
around	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
safe	O
part	O
/.	O


Right	O
exactly	O
/.	O


I	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
safe	O
district	O
/.	O


I	O
was	O
guarded	O
uh	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
British	I-ORG
Royal	I-ORG
Marines	I-ORG
actually	O
because	O
unfortunately	O
they	O
've	O
had	O
now	O
um	O
uh	O
roadside	O
bombs	O
down	O
there	O
not	O
suicide	O
bombs	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
general	O
continuing	O
insecurity	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
that	O
um	O
I	O
'm	O
afraid	O
has	O
plagued	O
this	O
story	O
from	O
the	O
very	O
beginning	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
I	O
've	O
always	O
felt	O
the	O
Achille	B-PERSON
's	O
heel	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
my	O
criticism	O
of	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
as	O
you	O
know	O
we	O
've	O
talked	O
about	O
this	O
before	O
is	O
not	O
that	O
this	O
war	O
is	O
not	O
important	O
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
much	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
left	O
has	O
ever	O
fully	O
recognized	O
/.	O


But	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
harder	O
than	O
the	O
right	O
has	O
ever	O
been	O
willing	O
to	O
acknowledge	O
/.	O


And	O
on	O
that	O
trip	O
you	O
put	O
on	O
body	O
armor	O
/.	O


their	O
rifles	O
were	O
out	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
/.	O


Um	O
how	O
does	O
that	O
affect	O
your	O
perception	O
as	O
a	O
journalist	O
/?	O


You	O
're	O
there	O
/.	O


you	O
're	O
being	O
protected	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
must	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
nervous	O
of	O
what	O
the	O
safety	O
situation	O
is	O
in	O
there	O
/.	O


Well	O
I	O
'll	O
tell	O
you	O
what	O
's	O
really	O
frustrating	O
from	O
a	O
journalist	O
's	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
as	O
one	O
who	O
have	O
lived	O
in	O
Beirut	B-GPE
for	O
nearly	B-DATE
five	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
covered	O
that	O
war	O
/.	O


When	O
I	O
worked	O
in	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
you	O
could	O
go	O
anywhere	O
on	O
that	O
story	O
/.	O


You	O
could	O
cross	O
lines	O
/.	O


Journalists	O
worked	O
for	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
until	O
the	O
very	O
end	O
with	O
Terry	B-PERSON
Anderson	I-PERSON
the	O
kidnappings	O
targets	O
/.	O


Therefore	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
story	O
I	O
thought	O
the	O
best	O
journalists	O
there	O
knew	O
more	O
than	O
the	O
Lebanese	B-NORP
/.	O


I	O
always	O
thought	O
the	O
best	O
compliment	O
you	O
could	O
get	O
as	O
a	O
journalist	O
is	O
when	O
you	O
told	O
the	O
Lebanese	B-NORP
something	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
know	O
because	O
you	O
were	O
moving	O
around	O
so	O
much	O
/.	O


What	O
's	O
so	O
frustrating	O
about	O
the	O
Iraq	B-GPE
story	O
Howie	B-PERSON
no	O
one	O
has	O
a	O
bird	O
's	O
eye	O
view	O
/.	O


I	O
care	O
passionately	O
about	O
this	O
story	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
so	O
interested	O
in	O
it	O
/.	O


but	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
securtiy	O
situation	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
move	O
around	O
with	O
the	O
freedom	O
you	O
want	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
brave	O
reporters	O
who	O
are	O
there	O
every	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
do	O
n't	O
have	O
that	O
freedom	O
of	O
movement	O
either	O
/.	O


And	O
therefore	O
it	O
's	O
limited	O
/.	O


and	O
in	O
fact	O
as	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
administration	O
says	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
security	O
situation	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
of	O
some	O
biases	O
in	O
the	O
media	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
good	O
things	O
going	O
on	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
progress	O
being	O
made	O
we	O
're	O
not	O
seeing	O
reported	O
by	O
the	O
press	O
/.	O


Do	O
you	O
think	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
credible	O
argument	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
in	O
the	O
mess	O
there	O
/?	O


No	O
because	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
bird	O
's	O
eye	O
view	O
/.	O


I	O
wish	O
I	O
could	O
say	O
/.	O


I	O
wish	O
I	O
could	O
be	O
so	O
sure	O
/.	O


but	O
General	O
Casey	B-PERSON
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
bird	O
's	O
eye	O
view	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
get	O
surprises	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Uh	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
had	O
an	O
election	O
where	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
people	O
suddenly	O
turn	O
out	O
/.	O


and	O
maybe	O
you	O
know	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
see	O
more	O
surpises	O
in	O
the	O
coming	O
future	O
there	O
/.	O


But	O
because	O
no	O
one	O
can	O
move	O
around	O
with	O
the	O
freedom	O
that	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
everyone	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
that	O
bird	O
's	O
eye	O
view	O
/.	O


And	O
as	O
a	O
reporter	O
as	O
a	O
columnist	O
who	O
really	O
cares	O
about	O
this	O
story	O
I	O
find	O
that	O
really	O
frustra-	O
/-	O


I	O
can	O
not	O
report	O
it	O
the	O
way	O
I	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
/.	O


So	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
there	O
five	B-CARDINAL
times	O
/.	O


but	O
it	O
's	O
episodic	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
here	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
there	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
never	O
really	O
putting	O
your	O
arms	O
around	O
the	O
story	O
/.	O


pulling	O
back	O
the	O
camera	O
a	O
bit	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
you	O
'd	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
the	O
Iraq	B-GPE
story	O
has	O
been	O
overshadowed	O
by	O
Katrina	B-EVENT
by	O
Rita	B-EVENT
by	O
Tom	B-PERSON
DeLay	I-PERSON
by	O
Harriet	B-PERSON
Miers	I-PERSON
by	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
and	O
now	O
by	O
this	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
earthquake	O
/.	O


Um	O
inevitable	O
with	O
a	O
war	O
that	O
drags	O
on	O
and	O
on	O
/.	O


and	O
these	O
are	O
all	O
also	O
important	O
stories	O
obviously	O
/.	O


but	O
uh	O
do	O
you	O
feel	O
it	O
's	O
getting	O
the	O
attention	O
that	O
it	O
should	O
/?	O


Yeah	O
/.	O


No	O
because	O
to	O
me	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
whole	O
ballgame	O
of	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
/.	O


Katrina	B-EVENT
and	O
Rita	B-EVENT
they	O
'll	O
come	O
and	O
go	O
/.	O


but	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
day	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
made	O
a	O
very	O
big	O
claim	O
um	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
go	O
to	O
Iraq	B-GPE
um	O
and	O
produce	O
a	O
decent	O
forward	O
looking	O
government	O
there	O
/.	O


If	O
that	O
happens	O
then	O
I	O
think	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
is	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
huge	O
quiver	O
you	O
know	O
in	O
his	O
uh	O
legacy	O
there	O
/.	O


Um	O
if	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
happen	O
I	O
think	O
uh	O
the	O
administration	O
will	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
complete	O
and	O
utter	O
failure	O
/.	O


so	O
everything	O
rides	O
on	O
this	O
not	O
just	O
for	O
the	O
administration	O
though	O
but	O
for	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
people	O
/.	O


These	O
are	O
huge	O
stakes	O
involved	O
/.	O


And	O
so	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
gotten	O
the	O
attention	O
it	O
's	O
deserved	O
/.	O


And	O
going	O
back	O
again	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
your	O
Iraq	B-GPE
collumns	O
uh	O
you	O
observed	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
military	O
there	O
which	O
after	O
all	O
is	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
increasingly	O
shouldering	O
the	O
burden	O
of	O
this	O
conflict	O
/.	O


The	O
slightly	O
ragged	O
quality	O
left	O
you	O
feeling	O
you	O
write	O
that	O
if	O
you	O
pulled	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
British	B-NORP
advisors	O
out	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
the	O
whole	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
navy	O
would	O
collapse	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
a	O
pretty	O
pessimistic	O
assessment	O
and	O
clearly	O
at	O
odds	O
with	O
what	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Defense	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
say	O
every	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
/.	O


/.	O


Not	O
at	O
odds	O
though	O
with	O
what	O
actually	O
the	O
military	O
commanders	O
have	O
been	O
saying	O
which	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
really	O
trained	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
units	O
you	O
know	O
are	O
far	O
fewer	O
than	O
sometimes	O
suggested	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
/.	O


So	O
you	O
're	O
saying	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
gap	O
between	O
what	O
real	O
time	O
military	O
commanders	O
on	O
the	O
ground	O
are	O
willing	O
to	O
tell	O
you	O
not	O
necessarily	O
on	O
the	O
record	O
/.	O


You	O
quoted	O
one	B-CARDINAL
US	B-GPE
senior	O
official	O
and	O
what	O
the	O
President	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
the	O
Vice	O
President	O
and	O
the	O
Secretary	O
of	O
Defense	B-ORG
are	O
saying	O
to	O
reporters	O
every	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
/.	O


Are	O
we	O
calling	O
them	O
on	O
that	O
/?	O


Right	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
enough	O
because	O
there	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
happy	O
talk	O
around	O
this	O
Howie	B-PERSON
basically	O
/.	O


And	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
numbers	O
are	O
thrown	O
out	O
/.	O


Eighty	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
we	O
've	O
got	O
trained	O
a	B-CARDINAL
hundred	I-CARDINAL
and	I-CARDINAL
twenty	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
next	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


Here	O
's	O
what	O
you	O
learn	O
when	O
you	O
go	O
to	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Where	O
you	O
have	O
an	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
commander	O
who	O
's	O
a	O
real	O
leader	O
of	O
soldiers	O
okay	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
unit	O
/.	O


And	O
where	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
that	O
commander	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
unit	O
/.	O


So	O
the	O
numbers	O
the	O
macro	O
numbers	O
do	O
n't	O
mean	O
anything	O
/.	O


So	O
I	O
went	O
down	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
navy	O
there	O
/.	O


The	O
navy	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
has	O
a	O
terrific	O
commander	O
/.	O


so	O
the	O
people	O
around	O
him	O
they	O
'll	O
follow	O
him	O
into	O
battle	O
/.	O


But	O
you	O
take	O
that	O
one	B-CARDINAL
guy	O
out	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
navy	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
true	O
of	O
units	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
really	O
the	O
key	O
/.	O


You	O
say	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
angry	O
uh	O
that	O
Bush	B-PERSON
has	O
fought	O
the	O
war	O
as	O
though	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
easy	O
/.	O


Are	O
you	O
particularly	O
angry	O
as	O
somebody	O
who	O
supported	O
the	O
war	O
and	O
took	O
heat	O
from	O
some	O
of	O
your	O
liberal	O
friends	O
for	O
doing	O
so	O
/?	O


Yes	O
/.	O


Absolutely	O
because	O
I	O
believe	O
this	O
is	O
important	O
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
that	O
something	O
very	O
big	O
is	O
at	O
stake	O
/.	O


We	O
're	O
dealing	O
with	O
a	O
Muslim	B-NORP
Arab	I-NORP
civilization	O
right	O
now	O
that	O
's	O
that	O
's	O
in	O
decline	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
heading	O
in	O
the	O
wrong	O
direction	O
in	O
ways	O
that	O
are	O
dangerous	O
for	O
them	O
and	O
I	O
believe	O
dangerous	O
for	O
the	O
stability	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
something	O
really	O
important	O
here	O
at	O
stake	O
/.	O


and	O
what	O
makes	O
me	O
so	O
angry	O
at	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
is	O
not	O
that	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
frame	O
the	O
stakes	O
/.	O


It	O
is	O
important	O
/.	O


But	O
they	O
never	O
never	O
appreciated	O
how	O
difficult	O
it	O
was	O
/.	O


They	O
never	O
prepared	O
the	O
army	O
or	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
people	O
for	O
how	O
difficult	O
it	O
was	O
/.	O


I	O
mentioned	O
the	O
uh	O
devastating	O
earthquake	O
in	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
a	O
region	O
you	O
're	O
familiar	O
with	O
/.	O


Um	O
clearly	O
it	O
's	O
become	O
a	O
pretty	O
big	O
story	O
/.	O


but	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
couple	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
I	O
noticed	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
that	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
television	O
story	O
/.	O


and	O
the	O
reason	O
was	O
no	O
pictures	O
no	O
video	O
/.	O


No	O
yes	O
/.	O


Um	O
but	O
also	O
maybe	O
there	O
was	O
there	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
less	O
coverage	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
in	O
a	O
remote	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
/?	O


Uh	O
Westerners	B-NORP
are	O
more	O
interested	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
Orleans	I-GPE
than	O
in	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
/?	O


I	O
think	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
above	O
/.	O


We	O
're	O
so	O
numbed	O
also	O
after	O
Katrina	B-EVENT
and	O
Rita	B-EVENT
/.	O


and	O
now	O
another	O
earthquake	O
/.	O


/.	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
become	O
uh	O
one	B-CARDINAL
natural	O
disaster	O
after	O
another	O
/.	O


to	O
hear	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
twenty	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
forty	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
then	O
it	O
's	O
almost	O
hard	O
for	O
a	O
journalist	O
to	O
process	O
/.	O


Right	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
was	O
remote	O
/.	O


and	O
people	O
are	O
exhausted	O
I	O
think	O
both	O
viewers	O
and	O
reporters	O
/.	O


Ahead	O
have	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
columnists	O
been	O
asked	O
not	O
to	O
write	O
about	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
/?	O


More	O
of	O
my	O
interview	O
with	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
next	O
/.	O


Welcome	O
back	O
to	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
now	O
a	B-TIME
full	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
each	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
here	O
in	O
our	O
new	O
time	O
slot	O
ten	B-TIME
to	I-TIME
eleven	I-TIME
o'clock	I-TIME
eastern	I-TIME
/.	O


More	O
now	O
of	O
my	O
conversation	O
with	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
columnist	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
about	O
his	O
book	O
the	O
new	O
online	O
charge	O
to	O
read	O
him	O
and	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
/.	O


Now	O
your	O
new	O
book	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
World	I-WORK_OF_ART
is	I-WORK_OF_ART
Flat	I-WORK_OF_ART
I	O
've	O
got	O
it	O
here	O
/.	O


uh	O
monster	O
best	O
seller	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
a	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
copies	O
better	O
than	O
any	O
book	O
you	O
've	O
ever	O
written	O
before	O
/.	O


Um	O
you	O
were	O
recently	O
profiled	O
about	O
this	O
in	O
Fortune	B-ORG
magazine	O
/.	O


and	O
uh	O
let	O
's	O
just	O
say	O
that	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
say	O
you	O
walked	O
on	O
water	O
but	O
it	O
came	O
close	O
/.	O


Uh	O
but	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
criticisms	O
/-	O


What	O
's	O
wrong	O
with	O
that	O
/?	O


It	O
says	O
that	O
you	O
're	O
the	O
composer	O
of	O
the	O
nation	O
's	O
talking	O
points	O
which	O
was	O
news	O
to	O
me	O
/.	O


Uh	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
things	O
it	O
said	O
was	O
that	O
uh	O
in	O
your	O
book	O
and	O
in	O
your	O
writing	O
that	O
CEOs	O
play	O
a	O
very	O
central	O
role	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
suggestion	O
was	O
well	O
CEOs	O
love	O
you	O
,	O
you	O
're	O
asked	O
to	O
speak	O
at	O
all	O
these	O
corporate	O
events	O
,	O
maybe	O
because	O
you	O
give	O
them	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
uh	O
share	O
of	O
the	O
narrative	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
/.	O


Mhm	O
/.	O


Mhm	O
/.	O


That	O
a	O
reasonable	O
observation	O
/?	O


Yeah	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
reasonable	O
observation	O
/.	O


And	O
my	O
reaction	O
to	O
that	O
is	O
look	O
if	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
underlying	O
technology	O
that	O
is	O
flattening	O
the	O
world	O
who	O
do	O
I	O
go	O
to	O
/?	O


do	O
I	O
go	O
to	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
Central	B-LOC
America	I-LOC
/?	O


Do	O
I	O
go	O
to	O
um	O
uh	O
the	O
factory	O
floor	O
/?	O


Or	O
do	O
I	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
innovators	O
and	O
entrepeneurs	O
who	O
actually	O
put	O
all	O
this	O
together	O
/?	O


So	O
I	O
make	O
no	O
apology	O
for	O
that	O
at	O
all	O
/.	O


Um	O
fact	O
I	O
would	O
make	O
a	O
criticism	O
of	O
it	O
/.	O


There	O
are	O
n't	O
enough	O
people	O
during	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
who	O
actually	O
went	O
out	O
and	O
talked	O
to	O
the	O
innovators	O
who	O
are	O
doing	O
all	O
of	O
these	O
things	O
who	O
are	O
actually	O
reshaping	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


Just	O
the	O
opposite	O
/.	O


We	O
kind	O
of	O
had	O
an	O
Enron	B-ORG
effect	O
/.	O


and	O
Enron	B-ORG
effect	O
was	O
all	O
CEOs	O
are	O
guilty	O
unless	O
proven	O
innocent	O
,	O
therefore	O
who	O
wants	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
them	O
/?	O


And	O
therefore	O
I	O
would	O
argue	O
--	O
/.	O


Wait	O
a	B-TIME
second	I-TIME
/.	O


wait	O
a	B-TIME
second	I-TIME
/.	O


Journalists	O
uh	O
subscribe	O
to	O
stereotypes	O
because	O
there	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
crooks	O
at	O
major	O
corporations	O
because	O
you	O
know	O
they	O
're	O
all	O
bad	O
guys	O
/?	O


Yeah	O
yeah	O
/.	O


Yeah	O
I	O
would	O
say	O
/.	O


uh	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
harsh	O
uh	O
assessment	O
/.	O


I	O
would	O
say	O
that	O
there	O
's	O
several	O
things	O
happened	O
basically	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
/.	O


I	O
would	O
call	O
it	O
a	O
perfect	O
storm	O
/.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
was	O
nine	B-EVENT
eleven	I-EVENT
/.	O


That	O
distracted	O
us	O
okay	O
/.	O


The	O
other	O
was	O
the	O
Enron	B-ORG
effect	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
no	O
one	O
wanted	O
to	O
be	O
sort	O
of	O
seen	O
with	O
CEOs	O
/.	O


And	O
number	B-CARDINAL
three	I-CARDINAL
was	O
the	O
dot	O
com	O
bust	O
which	O
made	O
everyone	O
think	O
well	O
all	O
this	O
globalization	O
technology	O
stuff	O
is	O
really	O
over	O
/.	O


And	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
I	O
would	O
argue	O
that	O
really	O
masked	O
what	O
is	O
actually	O
a	O
fundemental	O
inflection	O
point	O
the	O
flattening	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
from	O
a	O
vertical	O
value	O
creation	O
model	O
of	O
command	O
and	O
control	O
to	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
horizontal	O
one	O
of	O
connect	O
and	O
collaborate	O
/.	O


The	O
argument	O
of	O
this	O
book	O
is	O
that	O
that	O
shift	O
is	O
actually	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
as	O
big	O
an	O
effect	O
over	O
time	O
as	O
Gutenberg	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
printing	O
press	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
would	O
argue	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
that	O
it	O
got	O
missed	O
because	O
of	O
all	O
these	O
other	O
distractions	O
/.	O


But	O
it	O
's	O
only	O
had	O
an	O
effect	O
on	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
career	O
/.	O


In	O
fact	O
you	O
were	O
the	O
Playboy	B-ORG
interview	O
/.	O


Hey	O
put	O
that	O
paper	O
down	O
/.	O


/.	O


I	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
the	O
articles	O
/.	O


Uh	O
I	O
enjoyed	O
the	O
interview	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
said	O
in	O
there	O
that	O
your	O
wife	O
uh	O
edits	O
all	O
your	O
columns	O
and	O
she	O
says	O
do	O
n't	O
publish	O
it	O
/.	O


Yes	O
she	O
does	O
/.	O


You	O
go	O
back	O
and	O
rewrite	O
it	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
afraid	O
I	O
do	O
/.	O


/.	O


My	O
wife	O
Andrea	B-PERSON
edits	O
them	O
all	O
/.	O


and	O
when	O
she	O
gives	O
me	O
thumbs	O
down	O
Howie	B-PERSON
I	O
have	O
to	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
a	O
ball	O
throw	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
circular	O
file	O
and	O
start	O
over	O
/.	O


and	O
she	O
's	O
a	O
tough	O
editor	O
/.	O


Now	O
your	O
international	O
readership	O
on	O
the	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
website	O
has	O
gone	O
down	O
because	O
of	O
this	O
new	O
experiment	O
the	O
Times	B-ORG
has	O
where	O
it	O
costs	O
forty	B-CARDINAL
nine	I-CARDINAL
ninety	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
a	O
year	O
for	O
non-subscribers	O
at	O
home	O
to	O
read	O
Times	B-ORG
columnists	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
disappointing	O
for	O
you	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
um	O
I	O
'm	O
torn	O
/.	O


Uh	O
and	O
I	O
've	O
said	O
this	O
to	O
my	O
bosses	O
/.	O


Um	O
I	O
want	O
my	O
paper	O
to	O
thrive	O
/.	O


and	O
if	O
we	O
have	O
a	O
situation	O
where	O
young	O
people	O
grow	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
that	O
thinks	O
that	O
newspapers	O
are	O
things	O
you	O
read	O
for	O
free	O
online	O
who	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
pay	O
my	O
travel	O
expenses	O
/?	O


And	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
greatest	O
things	O
about	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
online	O
is	O
I	O
got	O
to	O
reach	O
an	O
audience	O
that	O
just	O
was	O
exponential	O
to	O
what	O
you	O
got	O
in	O
the	O
dead	O
tree	O
edition	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
/.	O


And	O
because	O
I	O
write	O
about	O
international	O
affairs	O
so	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
young	O
people	O
in	O
India	B-GPE
and	O
Egypt	B-GPE
and	O
whatnot	O
/.	O


and	O
for	O
them	O
fifty	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
that	O
may	O
be	O
their	O
tuition	O
for	O
half	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
/.	O


So	O
I	O
'm	O
honestly	O
torn	O
/.	O


I	O
really	O
hope	O
this	O
works	O
because	O
I	O
want	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
to	O
have	O
a	O
platform	O
that	O
is	O
sustainable	O
/.	O


But	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
I	O
hope	O
we	O
can	O
eventually	O
find	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
re-engage	O
those	O
people	O
because	O
definitely	O
we	O
've	O
lost	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
/.	O


Eh	O
in	O
the	O
Valerie	B-PERSON
Plame	I-PERSON
leak	O
investigation	O
there	O
's	O
an	O
allegation	O
bouncing	O
around	O
the	O
blogosphere	O
that	O
I	O
just	O
thought	O
I	O
would	O
address	O
with	O
you	O
which	O
is	O
have	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
columnists	O
somehow	O
been	O
told	O
not	O
to	O
write	O
about	O
this	O
because	O
of	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
involvement	O
and	O
being	O
in	O
jail	O
,	O
now	O
being	O
out	O
of	O
jail	O
/.	O


absolutely	O
not	O
/.	O


Anybody	O
tell	O
you	O
not	O
to	O
write	O
about	O
it	O
/?	O


I	O
mean	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
tell	O
me	O
not	O
to	O
write	O
about	O
anything	O
/.	O


Howie	O
we	O
are	O
home	O
alone	O
okay	O
/.	O


I	O
mean	O
I	O
'm	O
going	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
uh	O
on	O
Monday	B-DATE
/.	O


and	O
there	O
's	O
only	O
one	B-CARDINAL
person	O
knows	O
I	O
'm	O
going	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
's	O
my	O
assistant	O
/.	O


So	O
um	O
/-	O


Did	O
you	O
even	O
tell	O
the	O
boss	O
/?	O


That	O
's	O
right	O
/.	O
so	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
edict	O
out	O
there	O
/.	O


why	O
people	O
have	O
n't	O
written	O
about	O
it	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
focused	O
on	O
other	O
things	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
obviously	O
about	O
the	O
Judith	B-PERSON
Miller	I-PERSON
situation	O
/.	O


but	O
why	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
that	O
she	O
has	O
gotten	O
so	O
much	O
criticism	O
/?	O


After	O
all	O
whether	O
you	O
agree	O
with	O
her	O
or	O
not	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
woman	O
who	O
believed	O
in	O
her	O
convictions	O
and	O
went	O
off	O
to	O
jail	O
for	O
eighty	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
/.	O


Um	O
you	O
know	O
um	O
Judy	B-PERSON
's	O
always	O
been	O
a	O
pioneer	O
and	O
an	O
agent	O
of	O
change	O
you	O
know	O
um	O
and	O
uh	O
has	O
been	O
at	O
the	O
forefront	O
of	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
stories	O
/.	O


and	O
people	O
like	O
that	O
in	O
our	O
business	O
um	O
uh	O
engender	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
attention	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
criticism	O
and	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
jealousy	O
/.	O


Um	O
and	O
uh	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
I	O
can	O
really	O
explain	O
/.	O


Tom	B-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
/.	I-PERSON


Up	O
next	O
did	O
the	O
media	O
get	O
carried	O
away	O
with	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
subway	O
terror	O
alert	O
/?	O


We	O
'll	O
ride	O
the	O
rails	O
into	O
the	O
spin	O
cycle	O
next	O
/.	O


When	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
mayor	O
Mike	B-PERSON
Bloomberg	I-PERSON
announced	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
that	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
possible	O
terror	O
threat	O
against	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
subways	O
I	O
thought	O
here	O
we	O
go	O
again	O
/.	O


And	O
television	O
was	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
story	O
/.	O


Here	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
tonight	B-TIME
officials	O
say	O
they	O
are	O
increasing	O
security	O
on	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
massive	O
subway	O
system	O
because	O
of	O
what	O
they	O
call	O
a	O
significant	O
and	O
credible	O
threat	O
/.	O


The	O
threat	O
to	O
attack	O
the	O
subways	O
in	O
coming	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
comes	O
from	O
overseas	O
/.	O


and	O
the	O
police	O
here	O
will	O
be	O
searching	O
bags	O
briefcases	O
even	O
baby	O
strollers	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
stop	O
it	O
/.	O


It	O
was	O
let	O
's	O
face	O
it	O
irresistable	O
/.	O


And	O
since	O
it	O
was	O
right	O
there	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
Big	I-GPE
Apple	I-GPE
cable	O
anchors	O
and	O
correspondents	O
could	O
provide	O
almost	O
non-stop	O
on	O
the	O
scene	O
coverage	O
/.	O


The	O
threat	O
concerns	O
the	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
City	I-GPE
subway	O
system	O
behind	O
me	O
around	O
me	O
literally	O
beneath	O
our	O
feet	O
here	O
in	O
Times	B-FAC
Square	I-FAC
/.	O


The	O
Fox	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
alert	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
City	I-GPE
subways	O
are	O
on	O
a	O
heightened	O
state	O
of	O
alert	O
this	B-TIME
evening	I-TIME
after	O
what	O
officials	O
are	O
describing	O
as	O
a	O
specific	O
threat	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
tabloids	O
were	O
n't	O
far	O
behind	O
/.	O


The	O
problem	O
as	O
with	O
so	O
many	O
previous	O
terror	O
alerts	O
is	O
that	O
allegations	O
from	O
informants	O
are	O
inherently	O
shaky	O
/.	O


And	O
some	O
correspondents	O
offered	O
caveats	O
of	O
course	O
/.	O


MSNBC	B-ORG
anchor	O
Keith	B-PERSON
Olbermann	I-PERSON
could	O
n't	O
help	O
but	O
notice	O
on	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
October	B-DATE
six	I-DATE
it	O
was	O
news	O
that	O
Karl	B-PERSON
Rove	I-PERSON
had	O
been	O
called	O
back	O
to	O
testify	O
in	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
leak	O
case	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
white	I-ORG
house	I-ORG
is	O
being	O
assailed	O
by	O
conservatives	O
over	O
the	O
Harriet	B-PERSON
Miers	I-PERSON
nomination	O
/.	O


events	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
politically	O
disadvantageous	O
to	O
the	O
current	O
administration	O
have	O
been	O
uh	O
occuring	O
simultaneously	O
or	O
followed	O
quickly	O
upon	O
with	O
something	O
related	O
to	O
terrorism	O
on	O
a	O
big	O
scale	O
/.	O


By	O
the	B-TIME
next	I-TIME
morning	I-TIME
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Washington	I-ORG
Post	I-ORG
were	O
reporting	O
that	O
federal	O
authorities	O
were	O
playing	O
down	O
the	O
threat	O
as	O
noncredible	O
/.	O


But	O
the	O
TV	O
coverage	O
kept	O
rolling	O
down	O
the	O
track	O
like	O
the	O
number	B-CARDINAL
four	I-CARDINAL
express	O
/.	O


Finally	O
last	B-DATE
Tuesday	I-DATE
some	O
newspapers	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
cable	O
networks	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
whole	O
thing	O
was	O
a	O
hoax	O
/.	O


The	O
CBS	B-ORG
evening	B-TIME
news	O
gave	O
that	O
three	B-CARDINAL
sentences	O
/.	O


Well	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Stewart	I-PERSON
of	O
our	O
Washington	B-GPE
bureau	O
quotes	O
government	O
sources	O
tonight	B-TIME
as	O
saying	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
man	O
who	O
gave	O
that	O
tip	O
to	O
US	B-GPE
intelligence	O
agents	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
now	O
says	O
the	O
information	O
was	O
simply	O
not	O
true	O
/.	O


But	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
than	O
NBC	B-ORG
Nightly	I-ORG
News	I-ORG
and	O
ABC	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
World	I-ORG
News	I-ORG
Tonight	I-ORG
which	O
did	O
n't	O
mention	O
the	O
great	O
subway	O
hoax	O
at	O
all	O
/.	O


In	O
an	O
age	O
of	O
terror	O
such	O
threats	O
obviously	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
reported	O
/.	O


but	O
given	O
the	O
unreliability	O
of	O
intelligence	O
television	O
ought	O
to	O
learn	O
a	O
lesson	O
here	O
about	O
not	O
going	O
on	O
high	O
alert	O
and	O
scaring	O
people	O
/.	O


When	O
we	O
come	O
back	O
one	B-CARDINAL
network	O
up	O
the	O
river	O
without	O
an	O
explanation	O
/.	O


Reporters	O
are	O
tired	O
of	O
the	O
usual	O
standups	O
you	O
know	O
Howard	B-PERSON
Kurtz	I-PERSON
Oshkosh	B-GPE
Wisconsin	B-GPE
/.	O


They	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
riding	O
on	O
a	O
train	O
or	O
walking	O
in	O
the	O
rain	O
or	O
something	O
to	O
get	O
attention	O
/.	O


So	O
when	O
NBC	B-ORG
's	O
Michelle	B-PERSON
Kosinski	I-PERSON
was	O
covering	O
some	O
flooding	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
Jersey	I-GPE
for	O
the	B-ORG
Today	I-ORG
Show	I-ORG
Friday	B-DATE
she	O
set	O
out	O
in	O
a	O
canoe	O
/.	O


And	O
everything	O
was	O
going	O
smoothly	O
until	O
/-	O


Well	O
take	O
a	O
look	O
/.	O


Good	O
morning	B-TIME
/.	O


Well	O
obviously	O
we	O
're	O
getting	O
a	O
nice	O
break	O
from	O
the	O
rain	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
flooding	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
essentially	O
now	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Passaic	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
in	O
this	O
neighborhood	O
/.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
guys	O
walk	O
into	O
the	O
shot	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
see	O
that	O
the	O
water	O
is	O
only	B-QUANTITY
maybe	I-QUANTITY
four	I-QUANTITY
inches	I-QUANTITY
deep	O
/.	O


Talk	O
about	O
shallow	O
reporting	O
/.	O


And	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
Media	I-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
pointed	O
out	O
this	O
was	O
right	O
before	O
the	B-ORG
Today	I-ORG
Show	I-ORG
accused	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
of	O
staging	O
his	O
conversation	O
with	O
soldiers	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Well	O
that	O
's	O
it	O
for	O
this	O
edition	O
of	O
Reliable	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sources	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


Join	O
us	O
again	O
next	B-DATE
Sunday	I-DATE
at	O
our	O
new	O
time	O
ten	B-TIME
o'clock	I-TIME
eastern	I-TIME
seven	B-TIME
pacific	I-TIME
for	O
a	B-TIME
full	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
of	O
critiquing	O
the	O
media	O
/.	O


Late	B-WORK_OF_ART
Edition	I-WORK_OF_ART
with	I-WORK_OF_ART
Wolf	I-WORK_OF_ART
Blitzer	I-WORK_OF_ART
begins	O
right	O
now	O
/.	O


This	O
is	O
Late	B-WORK_OF_ART
Edition	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	O
last	O
word	O
in	O
Sunday	B-DATE
talk	O
/.	O


All	O
the	O
indications	O
we	O
are	O
getting	O
even	O
/.	O


Dealing	O
with	O
serial	O
crimes	O
per	O
se	O
/.	O


We	O
can	O
see	O
the	O
emerging	O
behavior	O
/.	O


we	O
can	O
see	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
behavior	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
stop	O
/.	O


You	O
can	O
have	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
individuals	O
as	O
suspects	O
and	O
can	O
narrow	O
the	O
focus	O
of	O
your	O
investigation	O
to	O
a	O
smaller	O
pool	O
of	O
people	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
gives	O
you	O
a	O
starting	O
point	O
/.	O


The	O
good	O
news	O
is	O
even	O
though	O
at	O
any	O
given	O
point	O
in	O
time	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
these	O
people	O
out	O
there	O
perpetrating	O
these	O
crimes	O
we	O
are	O
getting	O
better	O
at	O
catching	O
them	O
and	O
better	O
at	O
catching	O
them	O
sooner	O
So	O
that	O
instead	O
of	O
waiting	O
until	O
they	O
've	O
committed	O
twelve	B-CARDINAL
crimes	O
or	O
instead	O
of	O
having	O
twelve	B-CARDINAL
murders	O
take	O
place	O
before	O
we	O
catch	O
somebody	O
now	O
we	O
may	O
catch	O
them	O
after	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
or	O
second	B-ORDINAL
murder	O
/.	O


I	O
will	O
never	O
in	O
my	O
lifetime	O
learn	O
why	O
a	O
serial	O
killer	O
becomes	O
a	O
serial	O
killer	O
/.	O


But	O
maybe	O
the	O
work	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
doing	O
now	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
take	O
other	O
people	O
down	O
avenues	O
to	O
explore	O
with	O
more	O
tools	O
with	O
more	O
ability	O
to	O
experiment	O
with	O
more	O
ability	O
to	O
study	O
on	O
a	O
hands	O
-	O
on	O
basis	O
/.	O


But	O
I	O
will	O
never	O
learn	O
that	O
/.	O


As	O
a	O
psychologist	O
through	O
all	O
the	O
interviews	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
conducted	O
all	O
the	O
cases	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
reviewed	O
what	O
I	O
've	O
learned	O
is	O
that	O
these	O
people	O
while	O
bright	O
um	O
and	O
while	O
at	O
some	O
level	O
charming	O
are	O
emotionally	O
and	O
spiritually	O
bankrupt	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
've	O
learned	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
such	O
a	O
thing	O
as	O
evil	O
/.	O


While	O
criminal	O
profiling	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
topic	O
of	O
best	O
selling	O
books	O
and	O
award	O
winning	O
films	O
it	O
is	O
merely	O
one	B-CARDINAL
tool	O
used	O
to	O
solve	O
crimes	O
/.	O


The	O
fact	O
is	O
that	O
often	O
offenders	O
are	O
caught	O
while	O
committing	O
minor	O
crimes	O
like	O
traffic	O
violations	O
or	O
simply	O
because	O
they	O
raise	O
suspicion	O
of	O
local	O
police	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
our	O
crime	O
files	O
investigation	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
John	B-PERSON
Seganthaler	I-PERSON
/.	O


From	O
NBC	B-ORG
news	I-ORG
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
this	O
is	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
with	I-WORK_OF_ART
Tim	I-WORK_OF_ART
Russet	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


Our	O
issues	O
this	B-DATE
Sunday	I-DATE
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
defies	O
the	O
world	O
testing	O
long	O
range	O
missiles	O
which	O
one	O
day	O
could	O
deliver	O
nuclear	O
warheads	O
/.	O


Can	O
this	O
man	O
be	O
stopped	O
/?	O


With	O
us	O
from	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
the	O
third	B-ORDINAL
ranking	O
official	O
at	O
the	O
state	O
department	O
Ambassador	O
Nicholas	B-PERSON
Burns	I-PERSON
The	O
former	O
Assistant	O
Secretary	O
of	O
Defense	B-ORG
Ashton	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
of	O
Harvard	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Kennedy	B-ORG
school	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
government	I-ORG
The	O
man	O
who	O
led	O
the	O
negotiations	O
for	O
the	O
nineteen	B-DATE
ninety	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
nuclear	O
agreement	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
Robert	B-PERSON
Gallucci	I-PERSON
Dean	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
School	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
at	O
Georgetown	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
And	O
the	O
former	O
US	B-GPE
Ambassador	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
who	O
has	O
visited	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
five	B-CARDINAL
times	O
Governor	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
of	O
New	B-GPE
Mexico	I-GPE
/.	O


And	O
in	O
our	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
Minute	I-WORK_OF_ART
former	O
President	O
Gerald	B-PERSON
Ford	I-PERSON
turns	O
ninety	B-DATE
three	I-DATE
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


He	O
last	O
appeared	O
as	O
president	O
on	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
thirty	B-DATE
one	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
when	O
he	O
talked	O
about	O
age	O
as	O
a	O
state	O
of	O
mind	O
/.	O


But	O
first	B-ORDINAL
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


on	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
tested	O
medium	O
and	O
long	O
range	O
+missiles	O
/.	O


and	O
their	O
nuclear	O
program	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
full	O
speed	O
ahead	O
/.	O


What	O
is	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
about	O
it	O
/?	O


Here	O
with	O
us	O
the	O
Undersecretary	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
Nicholas	B-PERSON
Burns	I-PERSON
/.	O


Mr.	O
Ambassador	O
good	O
morning	B-TIME
/.	O


Thank	O
you	O
Tim	B-PERSON
/.	O


good	O
morning	B-TIME
/.	O


Will	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
insist	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
impose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/?	O


Well	O
we	O
are	O
pursuing	O
a	O
very	O
aggressive	O
resolution	O
up	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
at	O
the	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
/.	O


and	O
we	O
think	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
the	O
votes	O
to	O
pass	O
that	O
/.	O


But	O
we	O
're	O
also	O
operating	O
on	O
multiple	O
diplomatic	O
fronts	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
our	O
lead	O
negotiator	O
Chris	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
Ambassador	O
Hill	B-PERSON
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
Seoul	B-GPE
and	O
Tokyo	B-GPE
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
and	O
Secretary	O
Rice	B-PERSON
have	O
been	O
working	O
the	O
phones	O
with	O
uh	O
their	O
counterparts	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
've	O
also	O
had	O
a	O
very	O
interesting	O
development	O
today	B-DATE
/.	O


the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
Government	O
is	O
sending	O
tonight	B-TIME
to	O
a	O
senior	O
delegation	O
/.	O


And	O
you	O
know	O
frankly	O
we	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
time	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
to	O
use	O
its	O
influence	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


The	O
Chinese	B-NORP
have	O
influence	O
certainly	O
more	O
than	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
the	O
other	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
dealing	O
with	O
this	O
problem	O
/.	O


China	B-GPE
now	O
has	O
an	O
opportunity	O
to	O
put	O
its	O
best	O
foot	O
forward	O
,	O
to	O
send	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
a	O
direct	O
message	O
that	O
these	O
missile	O
tests	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
tolerated	O
and	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
now	O
have	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
September	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
agreement	O
and	O
they	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
denuclearize	O
give	O
up	O
their	O
nuclear	O
ambitions	O
and	O
abide	O
by	O
the	O
agreement	O
that	O
they	O
made	O
with	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
us	O
nearly	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
/.	O


But	O
the	B-NORP
South	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
and	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
have	O
both	O
said	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
believe	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
sanctions	O
against	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


Will	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
absolutely	O
insist	O
that	O
there	O
be	O
sanctions	O
in	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
resolution	O
/?	O


If	O
you	O
look	O
at	O
this	O
UN	B-ORG
resolution	O
that	O
's	O
under	O
debate	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
it	O
does	O
/.	O


it	O
's	O
a	O
chapter	B-LAW
seven	I-LAW
resolution	O
so	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
compulsory	O
behavior	O
by	O
all	O
the	O
member	O
states	O
/.	O


It	O
says	O
that	O
what	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
did	O
was	O
a	O
threat	O
to	O
international	O
peace	O
and	O
security	O
/.	O


It	O
does	O
ask	O
all	O
member	O
states	O
not	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
nuclear	O
trade	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


That	O
strikes	O
us	O
as	O
an	O
obvious	O
point	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
what	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
we	O
'll	O
see	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
diplomacy	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
/.	O


we	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
Russians	B-NORP
react	O
to	O
this	O
/.	O


but	O
our	O
view	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
five	B-CARDINAL
parties	O
ought	O
to	O
remain	O
united	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
diplomacy	O
should	O
be	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
combined	O
leverage	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
's	O
of	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
Japan	B-GPE
and	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
to	O
force	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
back	O
to	O
the	O
negotiating	O
table	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
certainly	O
the	O
best	O
policy	O
for	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


Force	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
back	O
to	O
the	O
negotiating	O
table	O
/.	O


there	O
are	O
many	O
as	O
you	O
know	O
Mister	O
Ambassador	O
who	O
believe	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
did	O
this	O
launch	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
to	O
get	O
our	O
attention	O
Because	O
they	O
saw	O
the	O
way	O
we	O
were	O
treating	O
Iran	B-GPE
differently	O
than	O
we	O
were	O
treating	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


Here	O
's	O
one	O
Nicholas	B-PERSON
Burns	I-PERSON
on	O
National	B-ORG
Public	I-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
/.	O


With	O
Iran	B-GPE
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
has	O
made	O
an	O
offer	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
is	O
we	O
are	O
willing	O
to	O
sit	O
down	O
and	O
negotiate	O
with	O
the	O
Iranians	B-NORP
assuming	O
and	O
contingent	O
upon	O
their	O
suspension	O
of	O
their	O
nuclear	O
activities	O
at	O
their	O
plant	O
in	O
the	O
in	O
Iran	B-GPE
/.	O


Why	O
not	O
sit	O
down	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
with	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
Say	O
to	O
them	O
stop	O
developing	O
your	O
program	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
'll	O
sit	O
down	O
with	O
you	O
one	B-CARDINAL
on	O
one	B-CARDINAL
/.	O


Well	O
Tim	B-PERSON
we	O
're	O
trying	O
to	O
sit	O
down	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
/.	O


We	O
've	O
been	O
saying	O
for	O
months	B-DATE
now	O
that	O
the	O
right	O
step	O
forward	O
is	O
for	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
to	O
return	O
to	O
these	O
talks	O
/.	O


but	O
we	O
really	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
the	O
logic	O
in	O
turning	O
this	O
into	O
a	O
test	O
of	O
wills	O
between	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


The	O
fact	O
is	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
has	O
the	O
same	O
interest	O
as	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


It	O
should	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
interest	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
is	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
nuclear	O
program	O
/.	O


Our	O
allies	O
Japan	B-GPE
and	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
have	O
the	O
same	O
interests	O
/.	O


and	O
the	O
Russians	B-NORP
do	O
as	O
well	O
/.	O


And	O
so	O
we	O
think	O
we	O
're	O
far	O
better	O
off	O
working	O
within	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
because	O
you	O
get	O
in	O
that	O
process	O
the	O
combined	O
leverage	O
the	O
combined	O
strength	O
and	O
frankly	O
the	O
combined	O
pressure	O
on	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
of	O
all	O
these	O
different	O
countries	O
/.	O


I	O
simply	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
why	O
it	O
's	O
in	O
the	O
interest	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
to	O
get	O
those	O
countries	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
way	O
and	O
only	O
deal	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
directly	O
/.	O


So	O
the	O
problem	O
here	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
discussion	O
between	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


We	O
're	O
perfectly	O
willing	O
to	O
sit	O
down	O
with	O
them	O
in	O
that	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
environment	O
/.	O


and	O
in	O
that	O
sense	O
it	O
's	O
analogous	O
to	O
what	O
we	O
're	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
Iran	B-GPE
/.	O


Secretary	O
Rice	B-PERSON
announced	O
about	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
that	O
should	O
the	O
Iranians	B-NORP
meet	O
the	O
condition	O
of	O
suspension	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
nuclear	O
activities	O
we	O
'd	O
be	O
willing	O
to	O
sit	O
down	O
in	O
another	O
multilateral	O
forum	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
's	O
with	O
the	O
Europeans	B-NORP
and	O
Russians	B-NORP
and	O
Chinese	B-NORP
/.	O


So	O
really	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
problem	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
problem	O
just	O
for	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


What	O
they	O
did	O
the	B-DATE
other	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
on	O
July	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
was	O
to	O
disrupt	O
the	O
peace	O
and	O
harmony	O
of	O
their	O
relations	O
with	O
the	O
Asian	B-LOC
countries	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
Asian	B-LOC
countries	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
these	O
negotiations	O
/.	O


Is	O
it	O
the	O
policy	O
of	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
that	O
we	O
'd	O
like	O
to	O
see	O
regime	O
change	O
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/?	O


Well	O
this	O
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
most	O
despotic	O
regimes	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


it	O
's	O
a	O
major	O
human	O
rights	O
violator	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
massive	O
famine	O
/.	O


And	O
certainly	O
we	O
hope	O
for	O
the	O
day	O
will	O
come	O
when	O
those	O
people	O
will	O
live	O
in	O
peace	O
and	O
be	O
governed	O
by	O
a	O
different	O
type	O
of	O
government	O
/.	O


Uh	O
what	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
do	O
now	O
of	O
course	O
is	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
most	O
immediate	O
problem	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
problem	O
is	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


The	O
problem	O
is	O
the	O
ballistic	O
launches	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
other	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
/.	O


I	O
think	O
the	O
thing	O
to	O
remember	O
about	O
those	O
launches	O
by	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
were	O
provocative	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
reckless	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
also	O
unsuccessful	O
/.	O


They	O
fired	O
four	B-CARDINAL
scud	O
missiles	O
intermediate	O
range	O
missiles	O
/.	O


They	O
tried	O
to	O
fire	O
the	O
longer	O
range	O
missile	O
the	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
was	O
spectacularly	O
unsuccessful	O
/.	O


It	O
crashed	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
sea	I-LOC
of	I-LOC
Japan	I-LOC
/.	O


So	O
we	O
obviously	O
have	O
an	O
opportunity	O
now	O
for	O
diplomacy	O
.	O
And	O
an	O
opportunity	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
combined	O
strength	O
of	O
all	O
these	O
countries	O
to	O
provide	O
some	O
leverage	O
put	O
some	O
leverage	O
against	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


and	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
we	O
will	O
continue	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
do	O
in	O
the	O
coming	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
and	O
coming	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
/.	O


Will	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
give	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
security	O
assurances	O
that	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
attack	O
their	O
country	O
or	O
seek	O
to	O
undermine	O
their	O
regime	O
/?	O


If	O
you	O
look	O
back	O
at	O
this	O
historic	O
agreement	O
that	O
was	O
signed	O
in	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
frameworks	O
on	O
September	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
those	O
types	O
of	O
assurances	O
are	O
in	O
that	O
agreement	O
/.	O


But	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
have	O
obligations	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
is	O
to	O
take	O
down	O
their	O
nuclear	O
program	O
dismantle	O
it	O
dismantle	O
their	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
programs	O
in	O
a	O
verifiable	O
way	O
before	O
all	O
those	O
assurances	O
can	O
go	O
into	O
place	O
/.	O


All	O
the	O
other	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
can	O
be	O
put	O
into	O
place	O
/.	O


And	O
what	O
we	O
've	O
seen	O
since	O
then	O
is	O
we	O
've	O
seen	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
Japan	B-GPE
and	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
willing	O
to	O
go	O
forward	O
willing	O
to	O
sit	O
down	O
willing	O
to	O
implement	O
this	O
entire	O
agreement	O
that	O
you	O
just	O
referred	O
to	O
Tim	B-PERSON
/.	O


but	O
we	O
see	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
walking	O
away	O
from	O
it	O
/.	O


So	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
persistent	O
and	O
frankly	O
very	O
tough	O
in	O
combining	O
with	O
these	O
other	O
countries	O
to	O
pressure	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
to	O
live	O
up	O
to	O
their	O
commitments	O
/.	O


But	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
willing	O
to	O
give	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
increased	O
economic	O
aid	O
perhaps	O
light	O
nuclear	O
reactors	O
for	O
peaceful	O
means	O
and	O
security	O
assurance	O
if	O
in	O
fact	O
they	O
sat	O
down	O
and	O
negotiated	O
/?	O


The	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
know	O
what	O
's	O
in	O
the	O
September	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE
agreement	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
specific	O
about	O
what	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
is	O
willing	O
to	O
do	O
uh	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
step	O
forward	O
towards	O
them	O
should	O
they	O
dismantle	O
all	O
their	O
nuclear	O
programs	O
and	O
their	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
/.	O


But	O
they	O
've	O
got	O
responsibilities	O
in	O
this	O
agreement	O
/.	O


and	O
no	O
agreement	O
is	O
whole	O
until	O
both	O
sides	O
meet	O
their	O
agreement	O
/.	O


And	O
what	O
we	O
've	O
seen	O
Tim	O
especially	O
on	O
July	B-DATE
Fourth	I-DATE
is	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
in	O
outright	O
violation	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
that	O
we	O
made	O
with	O
them	O
last	B-DATE
September	I-DATE
/.	O


Why	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
chose	O
July	B-DATE
Fourth	I-DATE
/?	O


Oh	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
coincidental	O
/.	O


You	O
know	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
very	O
unreliable	O
and	O
unpredictable	O
regime	O
/.	O


The	O
last	O
thing	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
react	O
to	O
every	O
wild	O
statement	O
that	O
they	O
make	O
/.	O


but	O
they	O
certainly	O
chose	O
that	O
to	O
get	O
our	O
attention	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
/.	O


Uh	O
but	O
what	O
they	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
realize	O
is	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
magic	O
bullet	O
here	O
/.	O


They	O
ca	O
n't	O
just	O
think	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
sit	O
down	O
with	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
alone	O
/.	O


That	O
does	O
n't	O
work	O
for	O
Japan	B-GPE
/.	O


it	O
does	O
n't	O
work	O
with	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


and	O
frankly	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
work	O
with	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
/.	O


So	O
I	O
said	O
before	O
that	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
interesting	O
developments	O
here	O
is	O
this	O
Chinese	B-NORP
delegation	O
going	O
to	O
/.	O


And	O
Chris	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
our	O
ambassador	O
was	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
/.	O


he	O
made	O
the	O
point	O
and	O
Secretary	O
Rice	B-PERSON
made	O
the	O
point	O
yesterday	O
to	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
Foreign	O
minister	O
,	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
China	B-GPE
use	O
its	O
influence	O
/.	O


We	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
China	B-GPE
push	O
forward	O
and	O
ask	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
to	O
meet	O
these	O
commitments	O
that	O
they	O
've	O
made	O
to	O
all	O
of	O
us	O
/.	O


Speaker	O
Newt	B-PERSON
Gingrich	I-PERSON
the	O
former	O
speaker	O
Republican	B-NORP
weighed	O
in	O
on	O
this	O
debate	O
in	O
this	O
way	O
/.	O


he	O
offered	O
this	O
/.	O


The	O
time	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
state	O
department	O
's	O
failed	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
strategy	O
of	O
talk	O
forever	O
,	O
act	O
never	O
has	O
come	O
/.	O


For	O
thirteen	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
has	O
talked	O
loudly	O
about	O
a	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
nuclear	O
weapons	O
and	O
ballistic	O
missile	O
threat	O
/.	O


For	O
thirteen	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
the	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
dictatorship	O
has	O
lied	O
and	O
hunkered	O
down	O
and	O
continued	O
to	O
build	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
and	O
ballistic	O
missiles	O
/.	O


The	O
strategy	O
of	O
talking	O
has	O
failed	O
/.	O


America	B-GPE
's	O
actions	O
must	O
be	O
decisive	O
or	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
brutal	O
totalitarian	O
dictatorship	O
about	O
which	O
we	O
know	O
little	O
/.	O


It	O
is	O
acting	O
in	O
defiance	O
of	O
all	O
its	O
own	O
international	O
commitments	O
/.	O


But	O
the	O
time	O
for	O
talk	O
is	O
over	O
/.	O


either	O
they	O
dismantle	O
the	O
missile	O
/.	O


or	O
we	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
should	O
dismantle	O
it	O
/.	O


Well	O
uh	O
with	O
all	O
due	O
respect	O
to	O
Speaker	O
Gingrich	B-PERSON
we	O
are	O
on	O
a	O
course	O
which	O
has	O
a	O
reasonable	O
chance	O
of	O
success	O
/.	O


And	O
you	O
never	O
want	O
to	O
disavow	O
a	O
diplomatic	O
track	O
a	O
negotiating	O
track	O
if	O
you	O
think	O
you	O
can	O
resolve	O
the	O
problem	O
in	O
that	O
fashion	O
/.	O


And	O
as	O
I	O
said	O
before	O
we	O
are	O
not	O
alone	O
in	O
this	O
endeavor	O
/.	O


we	O
have	O
countries	O
united	O
with	O
us	O
who	O
can	O
apply	O
the	O
same	O
type	O
of	O
pressure	O
/.	O


I	O
will	O
say	O
this	O
what	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
have	O
done	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
is	O
going	O
to	O
give	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
strength	O
in	O
our	O
efforts	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
missile	O
defense	O
system	O
/.	O


You	O
've	O
seen	O
very	O
strong	O
statements	O
by	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
government	O
wanting	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
us	O
in	O
that	O
realm	O
/.	O


So	O
obviously	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
pursue	O
a	O
very	O
tough	O
very	O
decisive	O
policy	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
coming	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
designed	O
to	O
focus	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
on	O
their	O
obligations	O
To	O
pressure	O
them	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
talks	O
But	O
also	O
certainly	O
to	O
provide	O
for	O
our	O
own	O
defense	O
and	O
the	O
defense	O
of	O
our	O
treaty	O
allies	O
in	O
Asia	B-LOC
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
you	O
'll	O
see	O
us	O
move	O
ahead	O
smartly	O
in	O
that	O
direction	O
as	O
well	O
/.	O


Uh	O
Mister	O
Ambassador	O
many	O
critics	O
will	O
say	O
the	B-DATE
six	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
George	B-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
has	O
been	O
president	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
program	O
has	O
developed	O
rather	O
dramatically	O
That	O
the	O
policy	O
at	O
first	B-ORDINAL
of	O
isolation	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talk	O
just	O
has	O
n't	O
worked	O
/.	O


Here	O
's	O
the	O
latest	O
study	O
from	O
the	B-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Science	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
International	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
/.	O


They	O
estimated	O
a	O
report	O
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
has	O
enough	O
separated	O
plutonium	O
to	O
develop	O
now	O
an	O
arsenal	O
of	O
four	B-CARDINAL
to	I-CARDINAL
thirteen	I-CARDINAL
nuclear	O
weapons	O
compared	O
with	O
estimates	O
of	O
just	B-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
or	I-CARDINAL
two	I-CARDINAL
weapons	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
when	O
George	B-PERSON
bush	I-PERSON
became	O
president	O
/.	O


The	O
group	O
says	O
that	O
by	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
eight	I-DATE
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
could	O
have	O
enough	O
plutonium	O
for	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
to	I-CARDINAL
seventeen	I-CARDINAL
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


The	O
group	O
's	O
assessment	O
based	O
on	O
analysis	O
of	O
satellite	O
imagery	O
media	O
reports	O
and	O
statements	O
by	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
officials	O
which	O
lead	O
Nick	B-PERSON
Everstat	I-PERSON
a	O
conservative	O
critic	O
from	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Enterprise	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
these	O
are	O
not	O
Democrats	B-NORP
/-	O


he	O
offered	O
this	O
/.	O


although	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
's	O
rhetoric	O
about	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
and	O
his	O
regime	O
has	O
sometimes	O
seemed	O
ferocious	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
leaders	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
concluded	O
that	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
policy	O
consists	O
mainly	O
of	O
empty	O
words	O
and	O
that	O
oft	O
repeated	O
warning	O
need	O
not	O
be	O
taken	O
terribly	O
seriously	O
/.	O


By	O
more	O
than	O
one	B-CARDINAL
criteria	O
indeed	O
strategic	O
successes	O
on	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
watch	O
outshine	O
those	O
from	O
its	O
during	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
years	O
/.	O


Would	O
you	O
acknowledge	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
nuclear	O
capability	O
by	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
on	O
the	O
watch	O
of	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
/?	O


Tim	B-PERSON
um	O
obviously	O
we	O
profoundly	O
disagree	O
with	O
um	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
statements	O
that	O
we	O
've	O
just	O
heard	O
/.	O


Eh	O
you	O
know	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
a	O
very	O
strong	O
military	O
force	O
and	O
deterrent	O
force	O
at	O
work	O
in	O
Asia	B-LOC
and	O
particularly	O
on	O
the	B-LOC
Korean	I-LOC
peninsula	I-LOC
/.	O


And	O
that	O
military	O
can	O
handle	O
any	O
contingency	O
that	O
should	O
arise	O
/.	O


We	O
also	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
tough	O
policy	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
forward	O
looking	O
policy	O
to	O
develop	O
missile	O
defense	O
to	O
handle	O
those	O
contingencies	O
/.	O


But	O
you	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
combine	O
military	O
measures	O
with	O
diplomacy	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
a	O
situation	O
like	O
this	O
/.	O


The	O
fact	O
is	O
that	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
this	O
criticism	O
seems	O
to	O
direct	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
back	O
to	O
a	O
test	O
of	O
wills	O
bilaterally	O
between	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
and	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


What	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
ask	O
countries	O
that	O
do	O
have	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
of	O
influence	O
on	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
certainly	O
more	O
than	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
use	O
that	O
influence	O
/.	O


We	O
can	O
do	O
that	O
by	O
channeling	O
those	O
efforts	O
through	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
framework	O
/.	O


And	O
you	O
know	O
diplomacy	O
sometimes	O
ca	O
n't	O
succeed	O
in	O
a	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
or	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
or	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
or	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
/.	O


Sometimes	O
it	O
takes	O
many	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
or	O
even	O
years	B-DATE
to	O
succeed	O
/.	O


But	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
the	O
right	O
policy	O
in	O
place	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
you	O
're	O
trying	O
to	O
accomplish	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
very	O
tough	O
-	O
minded	O
about	O
applying	O
that	O
policy	O
we	O
can	O
be	O
successful	O
/.	O


So	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
given	O
up	O
hope	O
that	O
we	O
can	O
engineer	O
a	O
policy	O
that	O
will	O
effectively	O
put	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
back	O
in	O
the	O
box	O
take	O
away	O
their	O
nuclear	O
programs	O
and	O
take	O
away	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
inflict	O
threats	O
and	O
damage	O
on	O
their	O
neighbors	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
single	O
-	O
minded	O
about	O
this	O
/.	O


we	O
certainly	O
understand	O
the	O
gravity	O
of	O
a	O
challenge	O
posed	O
by	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


but	O
frankly	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
these	O
critics	O
have	O
offered	O
any	O
alternative	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
a	O
reasonable	O
prospect	O
of	O
success	O
or	O
lead	O
us	O
to	O
unintended	O
consequences	O
uh	O
if	O
you	O
went	O
down	O
the	O
road	O
that	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
suggesting	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
think	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
the	O
right	O
policy	O
in	O
place	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
can	O
assure	O
you	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
drive	O
with	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
of	O
energy	O
and	O
determination	O
/.	O


But	O
you	O
do	O
not	O
deny	O
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
nuclear	O
capability	O
has	O
increased	O
during	O
the	O
presidency	O
of	O
George	B-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
/?	O


Well	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
says	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
capability	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
believe	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
produced	O
that	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
/.	O


and	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
've	O
put	O
in	O
place	O
this	O
policy	O
designed	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
away	O
from	O
them	O
/.	O


And	O
if	O
we	O
can	O
have	O
the	O
September	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
agreement	O
implemented	O
it	O
will	O
do	O
just	O
that	O
/.	O


It	O
will	O
effectively	O
de-nuclearize	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


And	O
so	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
bet	O
for	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


It	O
's	O
obviously	O
the	O
goal	O
that	O
I	O
think	O
all	O
these	O
critics	O
that	O
you	O
cite	O
would	O
share	O
/.	O


But	O
we	O
think	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
realistic	O
in	O
the	O
real	O
world	O
strategy	O
put	O
in	O
place	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
that	O
problem	O
/.	O


But	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
profound	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
rhetoric	O
certainly	O
of	O
the	O
President	O
on	O
this	O
subject	O
/.	O


Here	O
's	O
the	O
President	O
Friday	B-DATE
at	O
this	O
news	O
conference	O
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
about	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


It	O
takes	O
a	O
while	O
for	O
a	O
problem	O
to	O
fester	O
and	O
grow	O
/.	O


and	O
then	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
while	O
to	O
solve	O
them	O
diplomatically	O
/.	O


It	O
just	O
's	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
diplomacy	O
/.	O


Wish	O
we	O
could	O
solve	O
them	O
overnight	B-TIME
/.	O


And	O
let	O
me	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
January	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
in	O
the	O
President	O
's	O
axis	O
of	O
evil	O
speech	O
before	O
congress	B-ORG
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
watch	O
/.	O


North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
has	O
a	O
regime	O
arming	O
with	O
missiles	O
and	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
While	O
starving	O
its	O
citizens	O
/.	O


States	O
like	O
these	O
and	O
their	O
terrorist	O
allies	O
constitute	O
an	O
axis	O
of	O
evil	O
arming	O
to	O
threaten	O
the	O
peace	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


By	O
seeking	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
these	O
regimes	O
pose	O
a	O
grave	O
and	O
growing	O
danger	O
/.	O


We	O
'll	O
be	O
deliberate	O
/.	O


yet	O
time	O
is	O
not	O
on	O
our	O
side	O
/.	O


I	O
will	O
not	O
wait	O
on	O
events	O
while	O
dangers	O
gather	O
/.	O


I	O
will	O
not	O
stand	O
by	O
as	O
peril	O
draws	O
closer	O
and	O
closer	O
/.	O


The	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
of	I-GPE
America	I-GPE
will	O
not	O
permit	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
dangerous	O
regimes	O
to	O
threaten	O
us	O
with	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
destructive	O
weapons	O
/.	O


Since	O
the	O
President	O
uttered	O
those	O
words	O
Mister	O
Ambassador	O
every	O
estimate	O
is	O
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
has	O
doubled	O
its	O
capacity	O
to	O
develop	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


And	O
yet	O
we	O
've	O
driven	O
forward	O
with	O
this	O
policy	O
designed	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
all	O
the	O
things	O
the	O
President	O
talked	O
about	O
back	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
/.	O


But	O
he	O
has	O
been	O
very	O
consistent	O
since	O
then	O
in	O
putting	O
forward	O
the	O
proposition	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
oppose	O
the	O
human	O
rights	O
abuses	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
draw	O
a	O
net	O
around	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
is	O
the	O
leading	O
exporter	O
of	O
ballistic	O
missile	O
technology	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
The	O
proliferator	O
of	O
it	O
/.	O


we	O
've	O
done	O
a	O
lot	O
to	O
develop	O
missile	O
defense	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
've	O
created	O
and	O
driven	O
forward	O
this	O
diplomatic	O
coalition	O
designed	O
to	O
bring	O
us	O
to	O
a	O
victory	O
in	O
denying	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
the	O
nuclear	O
weaponry	O
that	O
you	O
talk	O
about	O
/.	O


So	O
we	O
have	O
been	O
very	O
activist	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
followed	O
this	O
policy	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
number	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
/.	O


Uh	O
the	O
President	O
is	O
right	O
/.	O


And	O
as	O
I	O
said	O
before	O
diplomacy	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
measured	O
in	O
a	O
snapshot	O
/.	O


You	O
ca	O
n't	O
just	O
say	O
in	O
a	B-TIME
Sunday	I-TIME
morning	I-TIME
in	O
July	B-DATE
that	O
somehow	O
because	O
we	O
have	O
n't	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
negotiations	O
these	O
negotiations	O
are	O
bound	O
to	O
fail	O
/.	O


You	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
purposeful	O
and	O
directed	O
in	O
what	O
you	O
're	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
and	O
apply	O
the	O
weight	O
of	O
your	O
country	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
others	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
we	O
're	O
doing	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
not	O
given	O
up	O
on	O
this	O
quest	O
to	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
these	O
negotiations	O
and	O
put	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
back	O
into	O
a	O
place	O
where	O
they	O
can	O
no	O
longer	O
be	O
a	O
threat	O
to	O
their	O
neighbors	O
or	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
again	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
tone	O
and	O
the	O
rhetoric	O
/.	O


Let	O
me	O
go	O
back	O
and	O
review	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
things	O
the	O
President	O
has	O
said	O
about	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
of	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


I	O
loathe	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
got	O
a	O
visceral	O
reaction	O
to	O
this	O
guy	O
/.	O


And	O
then	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
there	O
's	O
a	O
tyrant	O
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
that	O
wants	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
nuclear	O
weapon	O
/.	O


And	O
then	O
this	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
/.	O


the	O
President	O
called	O
him	O
a	O
pygmy	O
And	O
compared	O
him	O
to	O
a	O
spoiled	O
child	O
at	O
a	O
dinner	O
table	O
/.	O


Does	O
the	O
President	O
still	O
believe	O
that	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
is	O
a	O
tyrant	O
a	O
pygmy	O
and	O
a	O
spoiled	O
child	O
/.	O


Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
is	O
a	O
despot	O
/.	O


And	O
he	O
is	O
someone	O
who	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
worst	O
offenders	O
of	O
human	O
rights	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


Uh	O
these	O
missile	O
tests	O
the	B-DATE
other	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
were	O
certainly	O
reckless	O
/.	O


They	O
were	O
provocative	O
/.	O


And	O
so	O
uh	O
we	O
have	O
n't	O
changed	O
our	O
opinion	O
of	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
regime	O
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


No	O
one	O
in	O
our	O
government	O
has	O
/.	O


We	O
are	O
very	O
clear	O
-	O
eyed	O
about	O
who	O
they	O
are	O
,	O
what	O
they	O
represent	O
,	O
how	O
much	O
they	O
've	O
denied	O
their	O
own	O
people	O
the	O
basic	O
human	O
rights	O
that	O
people	O
should	O
have	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
're	O
focused	O
on	O
this	O
nuclear	O
question	O
as	O
well	O
/.	O


So	O
I	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
continuity	O
over	O
American	B-NORP
policy	O
both	O
in	O
the	O
substance	O
of	O
the	O
policy	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
we	O
've	O
talked	O
about	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
/.	O


And	O
uh	O
we	O
're	O
determined	O
to	O
press	O
ahead	O
/.	O


When	O
the	O
president	O
talked	O
about	O
the	O
axis	O
of	O
evil	O
he	O
said	O
Iraq	B-GPE
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
and	O
Iran	B-GPE
/.	O


The	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
invaded	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
those	O
countries	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Some	O
now	O
make	O
the	O
case	O
that	O
Iran	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
took	O
from	O
that	O
the	O
following	O
lesson	O
that	O
if	O
you	O
develop	O
a	O
nuclear	O
bomb	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
strong	O
military	O
you	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
invaded	O
by	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
/.	O


And	O
both	O
of	O
those	O
countries	O
have	O
clearly	O
miscalculated	O
their	O
own	O
situation	O
/.	O


Now	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
felt	O
I	O
guess	O
that	O
by	O
testing	O
these	O
ballistic	O
missiles	O
they	O
would	O
somehow	O
put	O
themselves	O
in	O
a	O
position	O
of	O
greater	O
weight	O
in	O
the	O
negotiations	O
/.	O


They	O
've	O
miscalculated	O
because	O
you	O
've	O
seen	O
very	O
tough	O
statements	O
from	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
Russians	B-NORP
and	O
the	B-NORP
South	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
and	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
against	O
what	O
they	O
've	O
done	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
see	O
momentum	O
building	O
in	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
security	O
council	O
toward	O
a	O
very	O
tough	O
chapter	B-LAW
seven	I-LAW
resolution	O
against	O
them	O
/.	O


The	O
Iranians	B-NORP
have	O
miscalculated	O
/.	O


They	O
thought	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
divide	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
from	O
both	O
our	O
European	B-NORP
allies	O
and	O
from	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
China	B-GPE
/.	O


But	O
we	O
've	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
craft	O
a	O
major	O
and	O
united	O
coalition	O
of	O
all	O
those	O
countries	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
've	O
essentially	O
given	O
the	O
Iranians	B-NORP
a	O
clear	O
choice	O
/.	O


And	O
you	O
'll	O
see	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
this	O
unfold	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
both	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
when	O
Secretary	O
Rice	B-PERSON
meets	O
with	O
her	O
counterparts	O
on	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
at	O
the	O
GA	O
summit	O
in	O
St.	B-GPE
Petersburgh	I-GPE
At	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
when	O
the	O
president	O
is	O
there	O
/.	O


the	O
Iranians	B-NORP
are	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
choose	O
/.	O


Negotiations	O
with	O
us	O
after	O
they	O
suspend	O
their	O
nuclear	O
programs	O
or	O
further	O
action	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
/.	O


So	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
either	O
of	O
these	O
countries	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
offensive	O
/.	O


Frankly	O
I	O
think	O
both	O
of	O
these	O
countries	O
are	O
rather	O
cornered	O
and	O
isolated	O
/.	O


There	O
are	O
very	O
few	O
countries	O
defending	O
them	O
/.	O


and	O
they	O
're	O
running	O
out	O
of	O
options	O
/.	O


So	O
we	O
think	O
this	O
policy	O
of	O
patient	O
diplomacy	O
and	O
of	O
crafting	O
multilateral	O
coalitions	O
to	O
tighten	O
the	O
pressure	O
around	O
them	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
work	O
/.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
right	O
way	O
to	O
go	O
clearly	O
for	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


we	O
want	O
to	O
exhaust	O
diplomatic	O
means	O
before	O
we	O
consider	O
other	O
means	O
/.	O


Based	O
on	O
our	O
experience	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
particularly	O
with	O
our	O
emphasis	O
on	O
the	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
materialize	O
John	B-PERSON
Deutch	I-PERSON
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
offered	O
this	O
observation	O
/.	O


the	O
next	O
time	O
military	O
intervention	O
is	O
judged	O
necessary	O
to	O
combat	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
for	O
example	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
there	O
will	O
be	O
skepticism	O
about	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
our	O
intelligence	O
/.	O


Do	O
you	O
agree	O
with	O
that	O
/?	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
/.	O


not	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
not	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
Iran	B-GPE
/.	O


Tim	B-PERSON
I	O
've	O
been	O
to	O
Europe	B-LOC
twenty	B-CARDINAL
times	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
fourteen	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
to	O
talk	O
to	O
the	O
Europeans	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
Russians	B-NORP
and	O
Chinese	B-NORP
about	O
Iran	B-GPE
for	O
instance	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
single	O
person	O
at	O
the	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
those	O
government	O
who	O
does	O
n't	O
believe	O
Iran	B-GPE
is	O
trying	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
capability	O
/.	O


There	O
is	O
n't	O
a	O
single	O
person	O
in	O
the	O
governments	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
or	O
Russia	B-GPE
or	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
or	O
Japan	B-GPE
who	O
does	O
n't	O
believe	O
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
is	O
bent	O
on	O
building	O
up	O
its	O
nuclear	O
capability	O
/.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
argument	O
in	O
the	O
real	O
world	O
today	B-DATE
about	O
what	O
these	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
Iran	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
are	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
/.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
argument	O
remotely	O
similar	O
to	O
what	O
we	O
went	O
through	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
with	O
our	O
European	B-NORP
allies	O
over	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


In	O
fact	O
we	O
are	O
now	O
tightly	O
knit	O
up	O
with	O
these	O
countries	O
/.	O


And	O
if	O
you	O
look	O
at	O
what	O
the	O
French	B-NORP
German	B-NORP
and	O
British	B-NORP
governments	O
are	O
saying	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Russian	B-NORP
and	O
Chinese	B-NORP
governments	O
about	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
these	O
countries	O
are	O
intending	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
capability	O
they	O
agree	O
with	O
our	O
assessment	O
/.	O


So	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
agree	O
at	O
all	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
somehow	O
limited	O
in	O
what	O
we	O
can	O
do	O
and	O
limited	O
in	O
our	O
effectiveness	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
disagreements	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
over	O
WMD	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


Let	O
me	O
conclude	O
with	O
comments	O
by	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Crystal	I-PERSON
the	O
editor	O
of	O
Weekly	B-ORG
Standard	I-ORG
/.	O


he	O
used	O
to	O
work	O
for	O
Vice	O
President	O
Dan	B-PERSON
Quail	I-PERSON
/.	O


North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
is	O
firing	O
missiles	O
/.	O


Iran	B-GPE
is	O
going	O
nuclear	O
/.	O


Somalia	B-GPE
is	O
controlled	O
by	O
radical	O
Islamists	B-NORP
/.	O


Iraq	B-GPE
is	O
n't	O
getting	O
better	O
/.	O


and	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
is	O
getting	O
worse	O
/.	O


I	O
give	O
the	O
President	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
credit	O
for	O
hanging	O
tough	O
on	O
Iraq	B-GPE
/.	O


but	O
I	O
am	O
worried	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
made	O
them	O
too	O
passive	O
in	O
confronting	O
the	O
other	O
threats	O
/.	O


Have	O
a	O
preoccupation	O
with	O
Iraq	B-GPE
allowed	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
and	O
Iran	B-GPE
to	O
go	O
forward	O
with	O
their	O
nuclear	O
programs	O
and	O
limited	O
our	O
options	O
/?	O


Well	O
I	O
strongly	O
disagree	O
with	O
that	O
criticism	O
from	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Crystal	I-PERSON
/.	O


And	O
I	O
disagree	O
for	O
one	B-CARDINAL
reason	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
strong	O
and	O
active	O
government	O
/.	O


from	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
from	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
Treasury	B-ORG
we	O
are	O
focused	O
on	O
all	O
these	O
problems	O
/.	O


We	O
created	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
fifteen	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
a	O
major	O
international	O
coalition	O
to	O
corner	O
the	O
Iranian	B-NORP
government	O
And	O
to	O
isolate	O
them	O
/.	O


And	O
that	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
diplomatic	O
success	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
/.	O


We	O
've	O
now	O
got	O
this	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talk	O
framework	O
we	O
hope	O
coming	O
back	O
together	O
/.	O


and	O
certainly	O
the	O
five	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
are	O
united	O
/.	O


Uh	O
Secretary	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
was	O
in	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
/.	O


and	O
Secretary	O
Rice	B-PERSON
was	O
there	O
ten	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
/.	O


and	O
we	O
're	O
giving	O
that	O
government	O
president	O
government	O
all	O
the	O
support	O
it	O
can	O
get	O
/.	O


We	O
are	O
a	O
government	O
that	O
can	O
operate	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
operate	O
in	O
every	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
/.	O


We	O
're	O
a	O
global	O
superpower	O
/.	O


We	O
have	O
tremendous	O
resources	O
at	O
our	O
disposal	O
/.	O


and	O
frankly	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
a	O
first	O
class	O
military	O
and	O
a	O
first	O
class	O
diplomatic	O
effort	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
can	O
certainly	O
take	O
on	O
all	O
these	O
issues	O
and	O
be	O
successful	O
simultaneously	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
will	O
be	O
watching	O
/.	O


Ambassador	O
Nicholas	B-PERSON
Burns	I-PERSON
we	O
thank	O
you	O
for	O
sharing	O
your	O
views	O
/.	O


Thanks	O
Tim	B-PERSON
/.	O


Coming	O
next	O
the	O
view	O
of	O
three	B-CARDINAL
former	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
Administration	O
officials	O
who	O
spent	O
years	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
problem	O
former	O
Assistant	O
Secretary	O
of	O
Defense	B-ORG
Ashton	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
chief	O
State	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
negotiator	O
now	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
Georgetown	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
Robert	B-PERSON
Gallucci	I-PERSON
And	O
former	O
US	B-GPE
ambassador	O
to	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
now	O
Governor	O
of	O
New	B-GPE
Mexico	I-GPE
Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
/.	O


They	O
are	O
all	O
right	O
here	O
next	O
only	O
on	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


And	O
we	O
are	O
back	O
/.	O


Welcome	O
all	O
/.	O


Governor	O
Richardson	B-PERSON
should	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
negotiate	O
directly	O
one	B-CARDINAL
on	O
one	B-CARDINAL
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/?	O


Yes	O
it	O
should	O
/.	O


Uh	O
our	O
policy	O
so	O
far	O
is	O
not	O
working	O
/.	O


Uh	O
what	O
you	O
have	O
is	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
has	O
quadrupled	O
its	O
enriched	O
plutonium	O
since	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
/.	O


Uh	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
are	O
going	O
nowhere	O
/.	O


We	O
should	O
talk	O
directly	O
to	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
to	O
discuss	O
what	O
is	O
next	O
/.	O


They	O
need	O
to	O
dismantle	O
their	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


they	O
need	O
to	O
destroy	O
their	O
missile	O
capability	O
/.	O


The	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
in	O
my	O
judgment	O
is	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
talks	O
at	O
a	O
level	O
of	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
/.	O


He	O
is	O
a	O
competent	O
diplomat	O
/.	O


Uh	O
the	O
successes	O
we	O
've	O
had	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
have	O
been	O
through	O
direct	O
engagement	O
When	O
I	O
got	O
some	O
pilots	O
out	O
of	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
When	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Gallucci	I-PERSON
negotiated	O
the	O
agreed	O
framework	O
/.	O


Secretary	O
Albright	B-PERSON
close	O
to	O
having	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
reducing	O
or	O
terminating	O
their	O
missiles	O
/.	O


What	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
is	O
seeing	O
right	O
now	O
is	O
Iran	B-GPE
getting	O
a	O
nuclear	O
reactor	O
/.	O


They	O
see	O
Iran	B-GPE
getting	O
a	O
nuclear	O
fuel	O
cycle	O
that	O
is	O
assured	O
economic	O
incentives	O
/.	O


On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
what	O
they	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
is	O
treated	O
with	O
respect	O
direct	O
talks	O
with	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
also	O
they	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
an	O
effort	O
by	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
to	O
give	O
them	O
the	O
recognition	O
that	O
they	O
feel	O
they	O
deserve	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
believe	O
they	O
do	O
/.	O


They	O
are	O
a	O
desolate	O
isolated	O
regime	O
/.	O


But	O
right	O
now	O
our	O
policy	O
is	O
not	O
working	O
/.	O


It	O
makes	O
sense	O
to	O
talk	O
directly	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
would	O
n't	O
the	O
world	O
then	O
say	O
oh	O
I	O
see	O
/.	O


you	O
test	O
a	O
missile	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
/.	O


you	O
get	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
attention	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
bring	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
bargaining	O
table	O
/.	O


Our	O
policy	O
right	O
now	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
/.	O


Look	O
where	O
we	O
are	O
right	O
now	O
/.	O


Uh	O
Asia	B-LOC
is	O
destabilized	O
/.	O


We	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
outsource	O
our	O
foreign	O
policy	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
not	O
necessarily	O
interested	O
in	O
helping	O
us	O
on	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


They	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
refugees	O
go	O
into	O
their	O
country	O
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
competitor	O
/.	O


They	O
control	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
our	O
debt	O
/.	O


Right	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
leverage	O
over	O
China	B-GPE
/.	O


The	O
best	O
effort	O
in	O
my	O
judgment	O
is	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
talks	O
/.	O


Hard	O
negotiating	O
/.	O


Get	O
that	O
agreement	O
that	O
was	O
uh	O
signed	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
that	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
has	O
not	O
abided	O
to	O
/.	O


A	O
time	O
table	O
for	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
to	O
dismantle	O
its	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


Efforts	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
bench	O
marks	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
that	O
armistice	O
agreement	O
where	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
attack	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


They	O
get	O
economic	O
assistance	O
/.	O


But	O
our	O
objective	O
should	O
be	O
firm	O
/.	O


To	O
get	O
them	O
to	O
dismantle	O
their	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


The	O
best	O
way	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
is	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
talks	O
/.	O


If	O
the	O
President	O
now	O
changed	O
his	O
course	O
wo	O
n't	O
the	O
headlines	O
be	O
Bush	B-PERSON
blinks	O
/?	O


No	O
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
the	O
headlines	O
would	O
be	O
Bush	B-PERSON
deals	O
realistically	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


He	O
reverses	O
a	O
policy	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
working	O
/.	O


Ambassador	O
Gallucci	B-PERSON
do	O
you	O
agree	O
with	O
that	O
/?	O


Just	O
about	O
entirely	O
/.	O


uh	O
I	O
have	O
nothing	O
against	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
something	O
Nick	B-PERSON
pounded	O
on	O
/.	O


Uh	O
uh	O
the	O
virtue	O
of	O
having	O
all	O
these	O
parties	O
in	O
Asia	B-LOC
engaged	O
that	O
's	O
/-	O


it	O
's	O
true	O
/.	O


it	O
is	O
their	O
problem	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
ours	O
/.	O


But	O
the	O
fact	O
is	O
it	O
has	O
n't	O
worked	O
/.	O


And	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
form	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
a	O
substance	O
To	O
care	O
more	O
about	O
whether	O
we	O
have	O
six	B-CARDINAL
parties	O
meeting	O
together	O
than	O
whether	O
we	O
stop	O
the	O
accumulation	O
of	O
plutonium	O
is	O
absurd	O
in	O
my	O
view	O
/.	O


You	O
'd	O
have	O
some	O
conditions	O
/.	O


you	O
had	O
said	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
missile	O
test	O
that	O
if	O
they	O
took	O
that	O
missile	O
off	O
the	O
launch	O
pad	O
you	O
'd	O
negotiate	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
/.	O


Now	O
that	O
they	O
've	O
launched	O
it	O
would	O
you	O
have	O
any	O
conditions	O
before	O
you	O
went	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
table	O
one	B-CARDINAL
on	O
one	B-CARDINAL
/?	O


This	O
is	O
kind	O
of	O
a	O
rule	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
you	O
really	O
try	O
hard	O
not	O
to	O
negotiate	O
with	O
a	O
gun	O
or	O
missile	O
to	O
your	O
head	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
a	O
decent	O
interval	O
now	O
and	O
some	O
work	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
is	O
the	O
appropriate	O
thing	O
to	O
do	O
/.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
we	O
're	O
taking	O
a	O
view	O
from	O
thirty	B-QUANTITY
thousand	I-QUANTITY
feet	I-QUANTITY
right	O
now	O
/.	O


what	O
should	O
the	O
administration	O
do	O
/?	O


It	O
needs	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
get	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
negotiating	O
table	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
may	O
get	O
a	O
headline	O
like	O
the	O
President	O
is	O
reversing	O
course	O
as	O
indeed	O
we	O
have	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
Iran	B-GPE
that	O
's	O
not	O
so	O
bad	O
if	O
you	O
find	O
you	O
're	O
on	O
the	O
wrong	O
course	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
have	O
been	O
/.	O


Ashton	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
do	O
you	O
agree	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
one	B-CARDINAL
on	O
one	B-CARDINAL
direct	O
negotiations	O
between	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
and	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
/?	O


No	O
I	O
actually	O
think	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
is	O
a	O
perfectly	O
appropriate	O
forum	O
including	O
for	O
us	O
to	O
speak	O
directly	O
to	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
if	O
others	O
are	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
/.	O


Let	O
's	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
logic	O
of	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
in	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
place	O
/.	O


The	O
reason	O
to	O
have	O
everybody	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
is	O
not	O
only	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
stake	O
in	O
the	O
outcome	O
as	O
well	O
but	O
uh	O
in	O
dealing	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
diplomacy	O
has	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
coercive	O
dimension	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
trade	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


we	O
do	O
n't	O
recognize	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
diplomatically	O
/.	O


uh	O
there	O
's	O
almost	O
nothing	O
we	O
can	O
do	O
short	O
of	O
military	O
action	O
to	O
apply	O
pressure	O
to	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


We	O
're	O
capable	O
of	O
military	O
action	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
important	O
that	O
that	O
be	O
an	O
ingredient	O
of	O
course	O
in	O
diplomacy	O
/.	O


But	O
the	O
real	O
levers	O
on	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
are	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
the	B-NORP
South	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


It	O
is	O
they	O
who	O
essentially	O
support	O
the	O
regime	O
economically	O
and	O
politically	O
/.	O


But	O
makes	O
sense	O
to	O
have	O
them	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
/.	O


The	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
I	O
totally	O
agree	O
with	O
my	O
colleagues	O
here	O
have	O
produced	O
nothing	O
so	O
far	O
except	O
a	O
quadrupling	O
of	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
plutonium	O
as	O
ambassador	O
Richardson	B-PERSON
said	O
um	O
in	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
hands	O
and	O
now	O
missile	O
launches	O
/.	O


So	O
they	O
've	O
been	O
running	O
wild	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
or	I-DATE
so	I-DATE
/.	O


Um	O
the	O
reason	O
for	O
that	O
/-	O


there	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
blame	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
/.	O


you	O
have	O
to	O
start	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
and	O
their	O
own	O
intransigence	O
/.	O


The	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
the	B-NORP
South	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
have	O
not	O
done	O
everything	O
that	O
they	O
should	O
/.	O


uh	O
they	O
've	O
shown	O
the	O
carrots	O
/.	O


they	O
've	O
been	O
unwilling	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
sticks	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
also	O
wield	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
on	O
our	O
side	O
um	O
it	O
matters	O
less	O
who	O
else	O
is	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
than	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
our	O
own	O
wits	O
about	O
us	O
as	O
we	O
sit	O
down	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


And	O
our	O
government	O
I	O
believe	O
has	O
been	O
divided	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
as	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
between	O
two	B-CARDINAL
camps	O
/.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
camp	O
which	O
believes	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
give	O
diplomacy	O
a	O
try	O
and	O
is	O
earnest	O
about	O
pursuing	O
diplomacy	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
there	O
's	O
another	O
camp	O
uh	O
in	O
this	O
country	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
represented	O
in	O
the	O
government	O
that	O
believes	O
that	O
negotiating	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
is	O
a	O
fools	O
game	O
or	O
is	O
even	O
immoral	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
regime	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
agree	O
with	O
that	O
view	O
because	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
more	O
immoral	O
to	O
let	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
go	O
nuclear	O
than	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
reach	O
a	O
deal	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
we	O
have	O
been	O
of	O
two	B-CARDINAL
minds	O
/.	O


and	O
therefore	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
we	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
has	O
been	O
as	O
effective	O
as	O
we	O
might	O
have	O
been	O
/.	O


you	O
showed	O
some	O
of	O
that	O
ambivalence	O
in	O
the	O
earlier	O
part	O
of	O
your	O
segment	O
where	O
you	O
see	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
government	O
saying	O
one	B-CARDINAL
thing	O
at	O
one	B-CARDINAL
time	O
and	O
another	O
thing	O
at	O
the	O
other	O
times	O
/.	O


Though	O
it	O
's	O
important	O
that	O
we	O
get	O
our	O
story	O
straight	O
/.	O


and	O
that	O
's	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
who	O
else	O
is	O
at	O
the	O
table	O
/.	O


You	O
had	O
advocated	O
several	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
a	O
preemptive	O
military	O
strike	O
on	O
the	O
missile	O
that	O
was	O
about	O
to	O
be	O
tested	O
/.	O


Many	O
criticize	O
that	O
as	O
belligerent	O
/.	O


and	O
perhaps	O
could	O
even	O
trigger	O
a	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
response	O
against	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
or	O
against	O
Japan	B-GPE
/.	O


who	O
knows	O
/.	O


In	O
hindsight	O
do	O
you	O
still	O
stand	O
by	O
that	O
preemptive	O
military	O
strike	O
/?	O


Well	O
I	O
do	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
put	O
that	O
in	O
some	O
context	O
/.	O


By	O
the	O
way	O
I	O
would	O
say	O
we	O
should	O
have	O
that	O
same	O
position	O
today	O
That	O
is	O
if	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
go	O
out	O
to	O
the	O
launch	O
pad	O
and	O
erect	O
that	O
missile	O
and	O
prepare	O
to	O
launch	O
it	O
we	O
can	O
destroy	O
that	O
uh	O
before	O
they	O
can	O
do	O
it	O
/.	O


To	O
do	O
so	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
limited	O
military	O
action	O
a	O
single	O
bomb	O
a	O
single	O
cruise	O
missile	O
/.	O


the	B-NORP
north	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
are	O
n't	O
going	O
to	O
start	O
a	O
war	O
in	O
response	O
uh	O
to	O
that	O
kind	O
of	O
action	O
/.	O


And	O
to	O
those	O
that	O
think	O
that	O
's	O
too	O
much	O
I	O
can	O
only	O
say	O
where	O
are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
draw	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/?	O


At	O
some	O
point	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
draw	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
and	O
defend	O
it	O
/.	O


We	O
say	O
things	O
are	O
intolerable	O
/.	O


we	O
say	O
they	O
're	O
unacceptable	O
/.	O


and	O
then	O
we	O
tolerate	O
and	O
accept	O
/.	O


former	O
Secretary	O
of	O
Defense	B-ORG
Bill	B-PERSON
Perry	I-PERSON
and	O
I	O
thought	O
long	O
and	O
hard	O
about	O
this	O
/.	O


and	O
we	O
thought	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
relatively	O
nonprovocative	O
way	O
to	O
draw	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
with	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


Now	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
emphasize	O
there	O
's	O
risk	O
in	O
inaction	O
also	O
/.	O


you	O
may	O
say	O
there	O
's	O
risk	O
in	O
this	O
action	O
/.	O


but	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
emphasize	O
there	O
's	O
risk	O
in	O
inaction	O
as	O
well	O
letting	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
go	O
nuclear	O
/.	O


Governor	O
Richardson	B-PERSON
well	O
how	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
would	O
react	O
if	O
we	O
took	O
out	O
their	O
test	O
missile	O
/?	O


Well	O
I	O
respectfully	O
disagree	O
with	O
Assistant	O
Secretary	O
Carter	B-PERSON
there	O
/.	O


But	O
at	O
least	O
he	O
's	O
got	O
a	O
new	O
idea	O
which	O
the	O
administration	O
does	O
not	O
put	O
forth	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
if	O
we	O
are	O
seriously	O
attacked	O
or	O
threatened	O
,	O
that	O
missile	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
test	O
was	O
geared	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
or	O
to	O
our	O
allies	O
we	O
have	O
allied	O
responsibilities	O
with	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
or	O
Japan	B-GPE
/.	O
/.	O


Uh	O
you	O
do	O
take	O
that	O
step	O
/.	O


but	O
the	O
fact	O
is	O
that	O
you	O
risk	O
uh	O
the	O
uh	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
shooting	O
missiles	O
at	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


and	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
thirty	B-CARDINAL
seven	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
American	B-NORP
forces	O
at	O
the	O
DMZ	O
/.	O


Uh	O
but	O
Tim	B-PERSON
I	O
think	O
another	O
reason	O
for	O
the	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
talks	O
is	O
that	O
there	O
're	O
two	B-CARDINAL
issues	O
that	O
are	O
separate	O
from	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
that	O
are	O
a	O
serious	O
grievance	O
in	O
our	O
relationship	O
/.	O


one	B-CARDINAL
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
frozen	O
financial	O
assets	O
of	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
rightly	O
so	O
/.	O


but	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
separate	O
bilateral	O
issue	O
/.	O


The	O
second	B-ORDINAL
is	O
our	O
objection	O
to	O
dealing	O
with	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
'	I-NORP
request	O
for	O
a	O
light	O
water	O
reactor	O
Which	O
I	O
believe	O
has	O
bogged	O
down	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
/.	O


Which	O
by	O
the	O
way	O
I	O
believe	O
you	O
could	O
have	O
a	O
separate	O
bilateral	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
negotiation	O
with	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
also	O
continue	O
the	O
efforts	O
with	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
the	B-NORP
South	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
and	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
that	O
are	O
providing	O
financial	O
and	O
fuel	O
incentives	O
/.	O


So	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
cut	O
them	O
out	O
/.	O


but	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
essential	O
to	O
have	O
face	O
to	O
*face	O
private	O
bilateral	O
talks	O
between	O
United	B-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


But	O
in	O
the	O
end	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
judgment	O
of	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
intentions	O
/.	O


You	O
'd	O
been	O
there	O
five	B-CARDINAL
times	O
/.	O


you	O
know	O
them	O
/.	O


and	O
yet	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
before	O
the	O
missile	O
launch	O
you	O
said	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
test	O
/.	O


And	O
they	O
did	O
/.	O


No	O
Tim	B-PERSON
I	O
said	O
I	O
believe	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
going	O
to	O
test	O
/.	O


I	O
did	O
say	O
that	O
/.	O


And	O
what	O
I	O
sense	O
in	O
my	O
negotiations	O
in	O
dealing	O
with	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/-	O


You	O
said	O
as	O
days	B-DATE
go	O
by	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
believe	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
/.	O


But	O
early	O
on	O
I	O
said	O
that	O
they	O
did	O
on	O
CBS	B-ORG
/.	O


Uh	O
my	O
point	O
is	O
that	O
when	O
you	O
deal	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
you	O
're	O
not	O
dealing	O
with	O
individuals	O
like	O
you	O
and	O
me	O
/.	O


Do	O
n't	O
believe	O
in	O
compromise	O
/.	O


they	O
believe	O
in	O
their	O
only	O
way	O
or	O
the	O
highway	O
/.	O


Their	O
view	O
is	O
that	O
their	O
cause	O
is	O
right	O
/.	O


and	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
wait	O
you	O
out	O
/.	O


So	O
they	O
're	O
totally	O
unpredictable	O
/.	O


and	O
I	O
believe	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
them	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
effectively	O
in	O
past	O
dealings	O
with	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
Administration	O
is	O
direct	O
engagement	O
To	O
get	O
them	O
to	O
curb	O
their	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
as	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Gallucci	I-PERSON
did	O
/.	O


Secretary	O
Albright	B-PERSON
almost	O
got	O
a	O
missile	O
agreement	O
/.	O


Uh	O
Jimmy	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
got	O
uh	O
an	O
agreement	O
which	O
was	O
later	O
violated	O
regrettably	O
with	O
the	O
father	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
/.	O


My	O
point	O
is	O
that	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
discussions	O
with	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
directly	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
a	O
precursor	O
/.	O


the	O
continuation	O
of	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
way	O
to	O
go	O
/.	O


But	O
do	O
they	O
keep	O
their	O
word	O
/?	O


Here	O
's	O
Madeline	B-PERSON
Albright	I-PERSON
toasting	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
October	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
/.	O


She	O
appeared	O
on	O
this	O
program	O
four	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
/.	O


and	O
this	O
was	O
our	O
exchange	O
/.	O


But	O
did	O
n't	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
develop	O
a	O
nuclear	O
bomb	O
on	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
watch	O
/?	O


No	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
doing	O
uh	O
as	O
it	O
turns	O
out	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
cheating	O
/.	O


and	O
the	O
reason	O
that	O
you	O
have	O
arms	O
control	O
agreements	O
is	O
that	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
make	O
them	O
with	O
your	O
friends	O
,	O
you	O
make	O
them	O
with	O
your	O
enemies	O
/.	O


and	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
process	O
that	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
hold	O
uh	O
countries	O
accountable	O
/.	O


Ambassador	O
Gallucci	B-PERSON
you	O
negotiated	O
that	O
ninety	B-DATE
four	I-DATE
agreement	O
/.	O


The	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
stopped	O
processing	O
in	O
one	B-CARDINAL
plant	O
if	O
you	O
will	O
/.	O


but	O
we	O
later	O
found	O
out	O
that	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
they	O
were	O
making	O
uranium	O
in	O
another	O
plant	O
/.	O


Not	O
actually	O
/.	O


No	O
that	O
's	O
not	O
what	O
we	O
found	O
out	O
/.	O


What	O
happened	O
was	O
we	O
did	O
do	O
a	O
deal	O
/.	O


We	O
did	O
stop	O
a	O
uh	O
plutonium	O
based	O
pro-nuclear	O
weapons	O
program	O
/.	O


We	O
made	O
sure	O
that	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
fuel	O
rods	O
containing	O
around	B-QUANTITY
thirty	I-QUANTITY
kilograms	I-QUANTITY
enough	O
for	O
five	B-CARDINAL
nuclear	O
weapons	O
worth	O
of	O
plutonium	O
stayed	O
in	O
a	O
storage	O
pond	O
/.	O


And	O
the	O
deal	O
would	O
have	O
had	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
end	O
their	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
program	O
/.	O


We	O
think	O
they	O
started	O
cheating	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
late	I-DATE
nineties	I-DATE
by	O
getting	O
some	O
gas	O
centrifuge	O
equipment	O
from	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
/.	O


We	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
a	O
lot	O
about	O
that	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
whether	O
the	O
equipment	O
has	O
been	O
put	O
together	O
/.	O


We	O
think	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
they	O
'll	O
do	O
what	O
the	O
Pakistanis	B-NORP
did	O
,	O
what	O
the	O
Iranians	B-NORP
appear	O
to	O
be	O
wanting	O
to	O
do	O
and	O
put	O
together	O
this	O
gas	O
centrifuge	O
/.	O


But	O
they	O
never	O
got	O
there	O
yet	O
/.	O


Or	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
they	O
've	O
gotten	O
there	O
yet	O
/.	O


But	O
they	O
broke	O
their	O
word	O
/.	O


They	O
absolutely	O
cheated	O
/.	O


There	O
's	O
no	O
question	O
about	O
that	O
/.	O


But	O
really	O
you	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
clear	O
here	O
what	O
's	O
happened	O
/.	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
program	O
that	O
was	O
stopped	O
/.	O


Plutonium	O
production	O
was	O
stopped	O
/.	O


Right	O
/.	O


And	O
afterwards	O
tragically	O
I	O
believe	O
that	O
agreement	O
which	O
locked	O
them	O
up	O
was	O
allowed	O
to	O
collapse	O
/.	O


And	O
we	O
find	O
ourselves	O
now	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
accumulating	O
plutonium	O
a	O
bomb	O
's	O
worth	O
a	O
year	O
/.	O


And	O
freed	O
up	O
that	O
plutonium	O
that	O
was	O
um	O
controlled	O
for	O
that	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
/.	O


And	O
they	O
say	O
they	O
've	O
used	O
it	O
to	O
make	O
bombs	O
/.	O


we	O
'd	O
have	O
to	O
estimate	O
about	O
five	B-CARDINAL
more	O
/.	O


And	O
with	O
each	B-DATE
passing	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
I	O
would	O
argue	O
to	O
you	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
that	O
missile	O
that	O
Ash	B-PERSON
would	O
take	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gantry	O
if	O
it	O
turns	O
up	O
again	O
with	O
each	O
passing	O
day	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
find	O
ourselves	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
closer	O
than	O
we	O
were	O
before	O
to	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
where	O
that	O
material	O
could	O
be	O
transferred	O
or	O
sold	O
to	O
Al	O
-	O
Queda	O
Presenting	O
a	O
threat	O
far	O
greater	O
than	O
the	O
threat	O
that	O
is	O
posed	O
to	O
us	O
by	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
aboard	O
ballistic	O
missiles	O
/.	O


We	O
can	O
deter	O
a	O
country	O
with	O
ballistic	O
missiles	O
/.	O


We	O
know	O
the	O
return	O
address	O
/.	O


We	O
do	O
/.	O


But	O
with	O
a	O
terrorist	O
unconventional	O
delivery	O
your	O
national	O
missile	O
defense	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
very	O
good	O
against	O
United	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
or	O
American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
Or	O
a	O
bus	O
or	O
a	O
truck	O
/.	O


And	O
deterrents	O
does	O
n't	O
work	O
terribly	O
well	O
when	O
an	O
enemy	O
values	O
your	O
death	O
more	O
than	O
his	O
life	O
/.	O


So	O
no	O
defense	O
no	O
deterrents	O
/.	O


we	O
need	O
to	O
lock	O
up	O
the	O
nuclear	O
program	O
/.	O


You	O
would	O
not	O
care	O
about	O
the	O
ballistic	O
missile	O
program	O
if	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
program	O
/.	O


But	O
you	O
can	O
have	O
all	O
the	O
agreements	O
you	O
want	O
/.	O


if	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
cheat	O
what	O
good	O
are	O
they	O
/?	O


Madeline	B-PERSON
Albright	I-PERSON
essentially	O
had	O
it	O
correct	O
in	O
my	O
view	O
/.	O


You	O
make	O
a	O
deal	O
/.	O


Nobody	O
did	O
that	O
deal	O
in	O
ninety	B-DATE
four	I-DATE
thinking	O
we	O
were	O
trusting	O
North	B-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


We	O
had	O
some	O
transparency	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
it	O
/.	O


and	O
you	O
verify	O
/.	O


We	O
caught	O
them	O
cheating	O
/.	O


You	O
might	O
make	O
another	O
deal	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
you	O
should	O
/.	O


You	O
ask	O
the	O
question	O
you	O
make	O
another	O
deal	O
are	O
you	O
better	O
off	O
with	O
the	O
deal	O
/.	O


or	O
are	O
you	O
better	O
off	O
without	O
it	O
/?	O


If	O
the	O
answer	O
to	O
the	O
former	O
is	O
yes	O
you	O
do	O
the	O
deal	O
/.	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
+ask	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
simple	O
question	O
have	O
they	O
fooled	O
us	O
before	O
/.	O


then	O
do	O
n't	O
let	O
them	O
fool	O
us	O
again	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
believe	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
way	O
you	O
proceed	O
in	O
international	O
affairs	O
/.	O


It	O
asks	O
a	O
very	O
tough	O
question	O
about	O
the	O
national	O
security	O
/.	O


should	O
we	O
do	O
this	O
/?	O


Is	O
it	O
better	O
for	O
us	O
/?	O


Ask	O
for	O
more	O
transparency	O
/.	O


Insist	O
on	O
it	O
/.	O


Be	O
tough	O
in	O
the	O
negotiations	O
Not	O
in	O
the	O
formality	O
of	O
whether	O
it	O
's	O
six	B-CARDINAL
parties	O
or	O
it	O
's	O
bilateral	O
/.	O


Let	O
me	O
show	O
you	O
all	O
two	B-CARDINAL
presidents	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
back	O
in	O
nineteen	B-DATE
ninety	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
George	B-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
ten	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
talking	O
to	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
in	O
effect	O
/.	O


And	O
I	O
'm	O
asking	O
you	O
to	O
put	O
your	O
mind	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
a	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
watching	O
this	O
/.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
/.	O


North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
can	O
not	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
nuclear	O
bomb	O
/.	O


We	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
firm	O
about	O
it	O
/.	O


We	O
will	O
not	O
tolerate	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


Ash	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
both	O
presidents	O
making	O
very	O
firm	O
resolved	O
statements	O
/.	O


if	O
you	O
're	O
in	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
watching	O
that	O
knowing	O
that	O
you	O
now	O
have	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
building	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
nuclear	O
bombs	O
what	O
are	O
you	O
thinking	O
/?	O


Well	O
I	O
'm	O
concerned	O
that	O
they	O
're	O
thinking	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
giving	O
a	O
new	O
meaning	O
to	O
the	O
word	O
intolerable	O
Because	O
they	O
keep	O
doing	O
things	O
that	O
we	O
say	O
are	O
intolerable	O
and	O
then	O
we	O
tolerate	O
them	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
why	O
I	O
think	O
at	O
some	O
point	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
draw	O
the	O
line	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
/.	O


I	O
do	O
think	O
and	O
here	O
I	O
agree	O
with	O
both	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
gentlemen	O
you	O
have	O
on	O
the	O
show	O
who	O
have	O
shown	O
it	O
's	O
possible	O
to	O
reach	O
an	O
agreement	O
with	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
and	O
to	O
get	O
agreements	O
that	O
serve	O
our	O
interests	O
The	O
much	O
maligned	O
agreed	O
framework	O
as	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Galluci	I-PERSON
pointed	O
out	O
without	O
that	O
agreed	O
framework	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
by	O
all	O
the	O
calculations	O
of	O
the	O
experts	O
would	O
now	O
have	O
fifty	B-CARDINAL
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


So	O
we	O
were	O
better	O
off	O
with	O
the	O
agreement	O
than	O
without	O
it	O
/.	O


It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
reach	O
agreement	O
with	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
But	O
not	O
when	O
they	O
see	O
the	O
kind	O
of	O
footage	O
that	O
you	O
uh	O
showed	O
Which	O
is	O
uh	O
uh	O
uh	O
Americans	B-NORP
drawing	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
and	O
then	O
stepping	O
back	O
from	O
that	O
line	O
And	O
drawing	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
and	O
then	O
stepping	O
back	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
our	O
diplomacy	O
has	O
to	O
have	O
carrots	O
in	O
it	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
to	O
stand	O
somewhere	O
/.	O


and	O
as	O
I	O
suggested	O
earlier	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
missile	O
tests	O
are	O
a	O
good	O
place	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
stand	O
/.	O


Governor	O
Richardson	B-PERSON
draw	O
a	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
stand	O
and	O
step	O
back	O
/.	O


the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
watch	O
that	O
/.	O


they	O
observe	O
that	O
/.	O


they	O
know	O
what	O
their	O
own	O
has	O
been	O
/.	O


How	O
do	O
you	O
have	O
any	O
strength	O
in	O
negotiating	O
with	O
people	O
like	O
that	O
/?	O


The	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
in	O
my	O
dealings	O
with	O
them	O
they	O
care	O
more	O
about	O
form	O
than	O
they	O
do	O
substance	O
/.	O


In	O
your	O
earlier	O
segment	O
you	O
showed	O
president	O
Bush	B-PERSON
calling	O
him	O
a	O
tyrant	O
/.	O


But	O
then	O
later	O
he	O
called	O
him	O
Mister	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
/.	O


I	O
was	O
in	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
when	O
that	O
happened	O
/.	O


The	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
were	O
delighted	O
because	O
they	O
felt	O
they	O
'd	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
respect	O
/.	O


They	O
care	O
deeply	O
about	O
protocol	O
/.	O


And	O
this	O
is	O
another	O
reason	O
why	O
I	O
think	O
for	O
a	O
relatively	O
cheap	O
price	O
a	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
negotiation	O
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
Chris	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
who	O
again	O
is	O
very	O
competent	O
I	O
believe	O
would	O
set	O
the	O
stage	O
for	O
a	O
final	O
agreement	O
at	O
the	O
six	B-CARDINAL
party	O
talks	O
Which	O
is	O
essential	O
Which	O
is	O
basically	O
a	O
good	O
agreement	O
/.	O


In	O
exchange	O
for	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
dismantling	O
its	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
its	O
missiles	O
they	O
get	O
an	O
armistice	O
agreement	O
where	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
attacked	O
/.	O


they	O
get	O
food	O
fuel	O
energy	O
assistance	O
/.	O


Security	O
assurances	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
topple	O
their	O
regime	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
right	O
/.	O


yeah	O
that	O
's	O
right	O
/.	O


that	O
's	O
in	O
that	O
September	B-DATE
agreement	O
that	O
Chris	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
negotiated	O
/.	O


My	O
point	O
is	O
if	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
face	O
to	O
face	O
meeting	O
that	O
serves	O
as	O
a	O
precursor	O
that	O
also	O
deals	O
with	O
this	O
frozen	O
assets	O
issue	O
which	O
has	O
directly	O
hit	O
the	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
regime	O
cause	O
it	O
controls	O
the	O
foreign	O
expenditures	O
of	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
and	O
you	O
deal	O
with	O
this	O
light	O
water	O
reactor	O
especially	O
now	O
after	O
we	O
've	O
promised	O
it	O
to	O
Iran	B-GPE
and	O
economic	O
incentives	O
to	O
Iran	B-GPE
I	O
think	O
the	O
timing	O
is	O
right	O
for	O
this	O
new	O
stage	O
of	O
direct	O
negotiation	O
/.	O


Ambassador	O
Galluci	B-PERSON
based	O
on	O
your	O
experience	O
do	O
you	O
believe	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
would	O
give	O
up	O
their	O
nuclear	O
program	O
give	O
up	O
their	O
nuclear	O
bombs	O
which	O
they	O
believe	O
in	O
their	O
mind	O
is	O
an	O
insurance	O
policy	O
against	O
an	O
American	B-NORP
invasion	O
for	O
economic	O
assistance	O
light	O
water	O
reactors	O
/?	O


At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
day	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
/.	O


Um	O
but	O
that	O
leaves	O
me	O
to	O
conclude	O
since	O
I	O
really	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
good	O
idea	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
/.	O


It	O
's	O
a	O
good	O
idea	O
it	O
was	O
in	O
nineteen	B-DATE
ninety	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
to	O
do	O
a	O
deal	O
with	O
the	B-GPE
North	I-GPE
that	O
required	O
them	O
to	O
give	O
up	O
the	O
program	O
/.	O


We	O
did	O
that	O
/.	O


and	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
we	O
were	O
in	O
a	O
position	O
to	O
monitor	O
that	O
closely	O
/.	O


and	O
they	O
did	O
give	O
it	O
up	O
/.	O


Indeed	O
you	O
can	O
make	O
an	O
argument	O
that	O
while	O
the	O
centrifuge	O
program	O
with	O
the	O
Pakistanis	B-NORP
is	O
clearly	O
cheating	O
was	O
n't	O
yet	O
a	O
genuine	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
program	O
had	O
n't	O
produced	O
anything	O
and	O
probably	O
still	O
has	O
n't	O
produced	O
anything	O
/.	O


So	O
you	O
have	O
the	O
possibility	O
if	O
the	B-NORP
North	I-NORP
Koreans	I-NORP
are	O
thinking	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
may	O
be	O
thinking	O
that	O
they	O
need	O
one	B-CARDINAL
or	O
the	O
other	O
,	O
they	O
need	O
either	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
to	O
deter	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
from	O
regime	O
change	O
or	O
they	O
need	O
a	O
relationship	O
with	O
us	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
unnecessary	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
have	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
/.	O


The	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
whether	O
they	O
'll	O
ultimately	O
give	O
up	O
those	O
weapons	O
is	O
to	O
do	O
a	O
deal	O
/.	O


We	O
hear	O
so	O
much	O
talk	O
about	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
tyrant	O
spoiled	O
child	O
/.	O


others	O
have	O
said	O
madman	O
/.	O


you	O
've	O
been	O
in	O
that	O
country	O
five	B-CARDINAL
times	O
/.	O


who	O
is	O
he	O
/?	O


What	O
is	O
he	O
/?	O


Well	O
I	O
've	O
never	O
met	O
him	O
/.	O


I	O
met	O
the	B-CARDINAL
number	I-CARDINAL
two	I-CARDINAL
in	O
command	O
/.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
entire	O
nation	O
/.	O


he	O
is	O
basically	O
a	O
cult	O
of	O
personality	O
/.	O


He	O
runs	O
everything	O
/.	O


He	O
knows	O
everything	O
that	O
's	O
happening	O
/.	O


All	O
power	O
flows	O
through	O
him	O
/.	O


Uh	O
what	O
that	O
causes	O
unfortunately	O
is	O
an	O
isolated	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
/.	O


His	O
people	O
are	O
in	O
terrible	O
shape	O
economically	O
/.	O


I	O
been	O
there	O
five	B-CARDINAL
times	O
/.	O


I	O
think	O
I	O
've	O
seen	O
one	B-CARDINAL
tractor	O
/.	O


I	O
see	O
people	O
weak	O
and	O
drawn	O
out	O
/.	O


they	O
look	O
like	O
they	O
need	O
nourishment	O
/.	O


A	O
lot	O
of	O
people	O
are	O
starving	O
there	O
/.	O


They	O
have	O
human	O
rights	O
violations	O
/.	O


He	O
is	O
a	O
mercurial	O
character	O
/.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
he	O
's	O
crazy	O
like	O
a	O
fox	O
/.	O


He	O
is	O
not	O
somebody	O
that	O
is	O
uh	O
out	O
of	O
his	O
mind	O
/.	O


he	O
may	O
be	O
totally	O
unpredictable	O
isolated	O
/.	O


but	O
he	O
's	O
calculating	O
/.	O


and	O
he	O
's	O
used	O
the	B-DATE
Fourth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
/.	O


every	O
time	O
he	O
feels	O
he	O
's	O
backed	O
down	O
he	O
moves	O
and	O
does	O
something	O
irrational	O
/.	O


Uh	O
he	O
shoots	O
missiles	O
off	O
/.	O


he	O
's	O
done	O
it	O
twice	O
/.	O


He	O
cancels	O
agreements	O
/.	O


he	O
gets	O
the	O
nuclear	O
inspectors	O
out	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
thousand	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
/.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
way	O
he	O
operates	O
/.	O


And	O
what	O
we	O
should	O
do	O
is	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
his	O
vulnerability	O
/.	O


He	O
also	O
is	O
vulnerable	O
in	O
the	O
sense	O
that	O
the	O
country	O
is	O
weak	O
economically	O
/.	O


it	O
desperately	O
needs	O
an	O
elimination	O
of	O
sanctions	O
/.	O


they	O
need	O
food	O
electricity	O
/.	O


He	O
's	O
realistic	O
too	O
I	O
believe	O
/.	O


Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
Robert	B-PERSON
Gallucci	I-PERSON
Ashton	B-PERSON
Carter	I-PERSON
thank	O
you	O
all	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
sobering	O
but	O
important	O
discussion	O
/.	O


Coming	O
next	O
,	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
celebrated	O
his	O
sixtieth	B-ORDINAL
birthday	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


And	O
thirty	B-DATE
one	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
on	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
then	O
president	O
Gerald	B-PERSON
Ford	I-PERSON
talked	O
about	O
being	O
sixty	B-DATE
and	O
serving	O
as	O
president	O
/.	O


Coming	O
up	O
right	O
here	O
on	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


And	O
we	O
're	O
back	O
/.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
presidential	O
birthdays	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
/.	O


President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
turned	O
sixty	B-DATE
last	B-DATE
Thursday	I-DATE
/.	O


And	O
this	B-DATE
Friday	I-DATE
former	O
president	O
Gerald	B-PERSON
Ford	I-PERSON
will	O
be	O
ninety	B-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
/.	O


Our	O
thirty	B-ORDINAL
-	I-ORDINAL
eighth	I-ORDINAL
president	O
talked	O
about	O
age	O
health	O
and	O
the	O
presidency	O
right	O
here	O
thirty	B-DATE
one	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
/.	O


Mr.	O
President	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
republic	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
people	O
took	O
great	O
chances	O
on	O
young	O
men	O
in	O
the	O
presidency	O
/.	O


Now	O
here	O
we	O
are	O
looking	O
at	O
seventy	B-DATE
six	I-DATE
/.	O


and	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
leading	O
candidates	O
are	O
old	O
geezers	O
like	O
me	O
in	O
their	B-DATE
sixties	I-DATE
/.	O


Now	O
we	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
misplaced	O
a	O
generation	O
here	O
somewhere	O
/.	O


is	O
the	O
system	O
out	O
of	O
phase	O
/.	O


what	O
explains	O
this	O
/?	O


I	O
think	O
age	O
is	O
a	O
state	O
of	O
mind	O
and	O
obviously	O
a	O
state	O
of	O
health	O
/.	O


I	O
'm	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
sixties	I-DATE
/.	O


I	O
feel	O
as	O
vigorous	O
mentally	O
and	O
physically	O
as	O
I	O
ever	O
have	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
in	O
my	O
life	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
you	O
should	O
rule	O
a	O
person	O
out	O
just	O
because	O
they	O
're	O
my	O
particular	O
age	O
/.	O


The	O
other	O
hand	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
uh	O
you	O
should	O
rule	O
out	O
a	O
younger	O
person	O
who	O
by	O
experience	O
or	O
intelligence	O
or	O
overall	O
capability	O
is	O
a	O
potential	O
candidate	O
/.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
you	O
should	O
categorize	O
people	O
just	O
by	O
age	O
bracket	O
/.	O


I	O
believe	O
you	O
ought	O
to	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
person	O
how	O
strong	O
he	O
is	O
mentally	O
and	O
physically	O
what	O
is	O
his	O
experience	O
and	O
what	O
his	O
background	O
is	O
/.	O


that	O
's	O
the	O
criteria	O
I	O
would	O
use	O
/.	O


happy	O
birthday	O
President	O
Gerry	B-PERSON
Ford	I-PERSON
/.	O


And	O
also	O
happy	O
birthday	O
to	O
another	O
American	B-NORP
legend	O
/.	O


thirty	B-DATE
eight	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
founded	O
the	B-EVENT
special	I-EVENT
Olympics	I-EVENT
/.	O


She	O
turns	O
eighty	B-DATE
five	I-DATE
tomorrow	B-DATE
/.	O


And	O
we	O
'll	O
be	O
right	O
back	O
/.	O


For	O
more	O
information	O
on	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
guest	O
and	O
topic	O
log	O
onto	O
the	O
viewer	O
resources	O
page	O
of	O
our	O
website	O
MTP	O
dot	O
MSNBC	O
dot	O
com	O
/.	O


That	O
's	O
all	O
for	O
today	B-DATE
/.	O


we	O
'll	O
be	O
back	O
next	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
at	O
our	O
regular	O
time	O
/.	O


If	O
it	O
's	O
Sunday	B-DATE
it	O
's	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
/.	O


-LSB-	O
-RSB-	O


Children	O
are	O
left	O
at	O
home	O
in	O
the	O
rural	O
areas	O
,	O
after	O
parents	O
leave	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


These	O
are	O
called	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
.	O


The	O
parents	O
are	O
also	O
forced	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
no	O
alternatives	O
but	O
to	O
make	O
such	O
a	O
decision	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
120	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
farmers	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
all	O
year	O
round	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
thus	O
creating	O
nearly	O
20	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
tell	O
them	O
that	O
I	O
miss	O
them	O
a	O
lot	O
.	O


Day	O
after	O
day	O
and	O
year	O
after	O
year	O
,	O
they	O
long	O
for	O
love	O
in	O
loneliness	O
and	O
wait	O
for	O
family	O
affection	O
in	O
defect	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
especially	O
important	O
to	O
have	O
emotional	O
exchanges	O
with	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


Visit	O
the	O
children	O
more	O
often	O
whenever	O
possible	O
.	O


-LSB-	O
-RSB-	O


In	O
September	B-DATE
2005	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
study	O
report	O
titled	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
Concern	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
Left	I-WORK_OF_ART
-	I-WORK_OF_ART
behind	I-WORK_OF_ART
Children	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
had	O
drawn	O
wide	O
public	O
attention	O
.	O


While	O
the	O
situation	O
of	O
peasant	O
workers	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
has	O
repeatedly	O
put	O
society	O
into	O
question	O
,	O
the	O
phenomenon	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
in	O
rural	O
areas	O
has	O
gradually	O
entered	O
the	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
public	O
.	O


Ye	B-PERSON
Jingzhong	I-PERSON
is	O
the	O
assistant	O
dean	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
College	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Humanities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
at	O
China	B-ORG
Agricultural	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
team	O
leader	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Left	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
behind	I-ORG
Children	I-ORG
Task	I-ORG
Force	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
he	O
has	O
led	O
the	O
task	O
force	O
to	O
conduct	O
many	O
field	O
interviews	O
and	O
investigations	O
on	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
in	O
numerous	O
rural	O
areas	O
in	O
central	O
and	O
western	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
including	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
,	O
Ningxia	B-GPE
,	O
Hebei	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Why	O
did	O
you	O
pick	O
the	O
central	O
and	O
western	O
parts	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
not	O
the	O
south	O
,	O
to	O
conduct	O
this	O
study	O
?	O


First	B-ORDINAL
of	O
all	O
,	O
for	O
people	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
from	O
the	O
central	O
and	O
western	O
regions	O
um	O
,	O
uh	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
educational	O
level	O
,	O
they	O
generally	O
engage	O
in	O
strenuous	O
manual	O
labor	O
when	O
they	O
leave	O
for	O
the	O
city	O
to	O
work	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
a	O
position	O
to	O
bring	O
their	O
children	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


When	O
we	O
conducted	O
this	O
research	O
study	O
,	O
our	O
focus	O
was	O
to	O
analyze	O
the	O
impact	O
on	O
children	O
when	O
their	O
parents	O
,	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


,	O
its	O
main	O
impact	O
is	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
love	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
their	O
parents	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
believe	O
that	O
whether	O
it	O
's	O
in	O
southern	O
or	O
northern	O
part	O
,	O
no	O
matter	O
which	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
the	O
research	O
is	O
conducted	O
in	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
should	O
be	O
consistent	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
your	O
estimation	O
,	O
how	O
many	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
are	O
there	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
now	O
?	O


This	O
group	O
should	O
be	O
the	O
biggest	O
in	O
number	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
conservative	O
statistics	O
for	O
the	O
group	O
of	O
people	O
who	O
leave	O
the	O
country	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
in	O
our	O
country	O
is	O
100	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Nowadays	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
many	O
places	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
cite	O
a	O
figure	O
of	O
120	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Many	O
people	O
quote	O
a	O
figure	O
of	O
150	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Let	O
's	O
think	O
about	O
it	O
this	O
way	O
.	O


If	O
we	O
actually	O
use	O
120	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
as	O
the	O
statistic	O
for	O
the	O
group	O
who	O
leave	O
the	O
country	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
half	B-CARDINAL
of	O
them	O
are	O
um	O
,	O
married	O
before	O
they	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
families	O
of	O
these	O
married	O
people	O
will	O
usually	O
have	O
children	O
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
usually	O
have	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
child	O
in	O
rural	O
areas	O
.	O


So	O
you	O
can	O
imagine	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
group	O
is	O
definitely	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
10	I-CARDINAL
or	I-CARDINAL
20	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


It	O
,	O
uh	O
,	O
,	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
around	O
50	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
conducted	O
exact	O
statistical	O
calculations	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
this	O
group	O
should	O
be	O
particularly	O
large	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
the	O
study	O
by	O
the	O
task	O
force	O
,	O
at	O
present	O
,	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
main	O
types	O
of	O
custody	O
for	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
include	O
single	O
-	O
parent	O
custody	O
,	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
,	O
relative	O
custody	O
,	O
and	O
same	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
.	O
Among	O
which	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
parent	O
custody	O
had	O
the	O
highest	O
number	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
79.2	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
people	O
surveyed	O
.	O


The	O
next	O
one	B-CARDINAL
was	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
16.9	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
.	O
While	O
those	O
who	O
lived	O
with	O
relatives	O
or	O
were	O
entrusted	O
to	O
the	O
care	O
of	O
someone	O
else	O
made	O
up	O
4.1	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
and	O
.9	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
your	O
study	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
these	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
generally	O
do	O
with	O
their	O
daily	O
life	O
if	O
their	O
parents	O
or	O
parent	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
?	O


Different	O
types	O
of	O
custody	O
have	O
different	O
impacts	O
on	O
their	O
life	O
.	O


No	O
doubt	O
,	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
parent	O
custody	O
definitely	O
creates	O
less	O
impact	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
types	O
.	O


The	O
impact	O
of	O
single	O
-	O
parent	O
custody	O
is	O
smaller	O
because	O
at	O
least	O
the	O
mother	O
is	O
at	O
home	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
major	O
problem	O
in	O
the	O
children	O
's	O
material	O
life	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
impacts	O
in	O
other	O
aspects	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
peer	O
socialization	O
.	O


The	O
one	B-CARDINAL
that	O
creates	O
a	O
huge	O
impact	O
is	O
definitely	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
.	O


Skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
means	O
the	O
grandparents	O
look	O
after	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
also	O
relative	O
or	O
neighbor	O
custody	O
that	O
asks	O
neighbors	O
or	O
relatives	O
to	O
look	O
after	O
the	O
children	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
called	O
self	O
-	O
custody	O
.	O


These	O
three	B-CARDINAL
types	O
create	O
the	O
biggest	O
and	O
the	O
most	O
impact	O
.	O


If	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
discuss	O
this	O
in	O
more	O
detail	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
say	O
,	O
the	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
.	O


First	B-ORDINAL
,	O
in	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
,	O
their	O
material	O
life	O
will	O
no	O
doubt	O
be	O
a	O
lot	O
less	O
taken	O
care	O
of	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
usual	O
both	O
parents	O
or	O
one	O
parent	O
at	O
home	O
situation	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
indisputable	O
.	O


This	O
type	O
of	O
family	O
is	O
not	O
as	O
good	O
as	O
the	O
others	O
.	O


We	O
had	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
child	O
in	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
province	I-GPE
.	O


Um	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
family	O
!	O


This	O
family	O
had	O
an	O
older	O
brother	O
and	O
a	O
younger	O
sister	O
.	O


Both	O
parents	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
to	O
work	O
.	O


The	O
father	O
went	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
and	O
later	O
the	O
mother	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
,	O
too	O
.	O


What	O
happened	O
to	O
these	O
two	B-CARDINAL
children	O
?	O


The	O
grandparents	O
were	O
unwilling	O
to	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
them	O
because	O
in	O
rural	O
areas	O
,	O
grandparents	O
also	O
have	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
!	O


As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
,	O
this	O
mother	O
sent	O
,	O
these	O
brother	O
and	O
sister	O
,	O
to	O
martial	O
arts	O
school	O
to	O
study	O
.	O


After	O
they	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
martial	O
arts	O
school	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
their	O
mother	O
was	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
a	O
little	O
worried	O
,	O
so	O
she	O
went	O
to	O
visit	O
them	O
.	O


She	O
went	O
to	O
visit	O
them	O
.	O


When	O
she	O
saw	O
them	O
,	O
,	O
the	O
girl	O
cried	O
to	O
her	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
I	O
really	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
stay	O
here	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
home	O
.	O
"	O


Later	O
,	O
the	O
mother	O
was	O
moved	O
and	O
brought	O
,	O
this	O
girl	O
home	O
and	O
had	O
the	O
grandparents	O
look	O
after	O
her	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
she	O
still	O
,	O
ai	O
,	O
left	O
him	O
at	O
the	O
martial	O
arts	O
school	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
girl	O
returned	O
,	O
the	O
mother	O
continued	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


When	O
she	O
came	O
back	O
one	B-CARDINAL
time	O
in	O
between	O
work	O
,	O
she	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
girl	O
's	O
body	O
was	O
dotted	O
with	O
red	O
marks	O
and	O
red	O
swellings	O
.	O


She	O
then	O
discovered	O
ah	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
the	O
grandparents	O
had	O
not	O
washed	O
her	O
clothes	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
long	O
time	O
.	O


The	O
situation	O
you	O
mentioned	O
,	O
is	O
it	O
common	O
or	O
is	O
it	O
a	O
rather	O
extreme	O
example	O
,	O
because	O
generally	O
,	O
people	O
will	O
think	O
that	O
grandparents	O
will	O
particularly	O
love	O
and	O
care	O
about	O
their	O
grandchildren	O
?	O


The	O
situation	O
that	O
I	O
just	O
mentioned	O
regarding	O
skip	O
-	O
generation	O
custody	O
is	O
no	O
doubt	O
common	O
.	O


Why	O
is	O
it	O
so	O
?	O


You	O
said	O
that	O
grandparents	O
certainly	O
have	O
special	O
love	O
for	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
true	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
true	O
that	O
they	O
will	O
go	O
out	O
of	O
their	O
way	O
to	O
pamper	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
elderly	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
difference	O
in	O
age	O
and	O
time	O
,	O
,	O
their	O
,	O
ways	O
of	O
taking	O
care	O
and	O
loving	O
the	O
children	O
are	O
different	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
influenced	O
by	O
their	O
own	O
habits	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
child	O
who	O
was	O
sick	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
the	O
grandparents	O
asked	O
him	O
to	O
take	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
pill	O
that	O
was	O
made	O
in	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
even	O
know	O
what	O
it	O
was	O
made	O
of	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
a	O
local	O
method	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
after	O
all	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
different	O
from	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
young	O
people	O
in	O
this	O
respect	O
.	O


Instead	O
of	O
sending	O
the	O
child	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
as	O
quickly	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
influenced	O
by	O
,	O
some	O
habits	O
in	O
this	O
aspect	O
.	O


,	O
they	O
raised	O
this	O
point	O
themselves	O
.	O


Another	O
important	O
point	O
they	O
mentioned	O
was	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
to	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
family	O
.	O


"	O
Her	O
father	O
and	O
mother	O
are	O
not	O
home	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
entire	O
family	O
falls	O
onto	O
our	O
shoulders	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
we	O
still	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
farm	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
farmland	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
all	O
I	O
can	O
do	O
is	O
to	O
feed	O
her	O
and	O
make	O
sure	O
that	O
she	O
is	O
not	O
cold	O
.	O
"	O


They	O
also	O
had	O
to	O
face	O
such	O
a	O
reality	O
,	O
one	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
resolve	O
.	O


After	O
all	O
,	O
a	O
family	O
that	O
had	O
so	O
many	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
beginning	O
,	O
,	O
the	O
parents	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
were	O
a	O
very	O
important	O
um	O
,	O
workforce	O
.	O


Now	O
it	O
was	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
grandparents	O
.	O


No	O
doubt	O
,	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
help	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
study	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
,	O
many	O
staff	O
found	O
out	O
by	O
surprise	O
that	O
the	O
biological	O
cycle	O
of	O
the	O
farmers	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
inculcation	O
and	O
upbringing	O
cycle	O
of	O
their	O
children	O
,	O
have	O
formed	O
two	B-CARDINAL
parallel	O
lines	O
that	O
will	O
never	O
meet	O
.	O


Farmers	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
are	O
generally	O
a	O
young	O
workforce	O
in	O
their	O
prime	O
,	O
while	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
period	O
in	O
which	O
their	O
children	O
attend	O
primary	O
or	O
junior	O
high	O
school	O
.	O


Originally	O
,	O
they	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
hope	O
that	O
their	O
children	O
can	O
receive	O
a	O
better	O
education	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
adolescent	O
children	O
need	O
the	O
loving	O
care	O
and	O
guidance	O
of	O
their	O
parents	O
even	O
more	O
.	O


During	O
this	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
both	O
or	O
even	O
one	O
parent	O
will	O
create	O
obstacles	O
to	O
the	O
character	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


This	O
pair	O
of	O
unavoidable	O
contradictions	O
has	O
made	O
the	O
problem	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
in	O
rural	O
areas	O
become	O
more	O
obvious	O
.	O


You	O
have	O
seen	O
many	O
kinds	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
.	O


Was	O
there	O
a	O
particular	O
case	O
or	O
a	O
particular	O
child	O
who	O
had	O
left	O
an	O
especially	O
deep	O
impression	O
on	O
you	O
that	O
you	O
still	O
remember	O
now	O
?	O


,	O
um	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
child	O
in	O
Ningxia	B-GPE
whose	O
name	O
was	O
Yao	B-PERSON
Zhengang	I-PERSON
.	O


This	O
child	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
do	O
exceptionally	O
well	O
in	O
school	O
.	O


What	O
impressed	O
me	O
the	O
most	O
about	O
him	O
was	O
that	O
he	O
really	O
missed	O
his	O
parents	O
.	O


He	O
felt	O
particularly	O
lonely	O
and	O
especially	O
wanted	O
his	O
father	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
sick	O
one	B-CARDINAL
time	O
.	O


His	O
father	O
worked	O
in	O
Guyuan	B-GPE
,	O
about	O
40	B-QUANTITY
to	I-QUANTITY
50	I-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
away	O
from	O
home	O
.	O


After	O
his	O
father	O
learned	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
very	O
sick	O
,	O
he	O
ran	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
village	O
right	O
away	O
.	O


After	O
he	O
arrived	O
at	O
the	O
village	O
,	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
anything	O
,	O
but	O
to	O
put	O
him	O
on	O
his	O
back	O
and	O
carry	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
town	O
to	O
see	O
a	O
doctor	O
.	O


He	O
just	O
carried	O
him	O
like	O
that	O
without	O
saying	O
a	O
word	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
doctor	O
in	O
the	O
town	O
took	O
a	O
look	O
and	O
told	O
him	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
unable	O
to	O
cure	O
the	O
sickness	O
,	O
he	O
carried	O
the	O
child	O
to	O
the	O
county	O
.	O


When	O
Yao	B-PERSON
Zhengang	I-PERSON
told	O
us	O
what	O
happened	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
My	O
father	O
had	O
never	O
bought	O
me	O
so	O
many	O
tasty	O
foods	O
before	O
.	O


On	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	O
he	O
bought	O
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
tasty	O
food	O
while	O
we	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
county	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
eat	O
any	O
himself	O
.	O
"	O


I	O
thought	O
about	O
this	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
.	O


After	O
I	O
heard	O
this	O
incident	O
,	O
I	O
particularly	O
understood	O
what	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
Yao	B-PERSON
Zhengang	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
father	O
.	O


He	O
might	O
have	O
felt	O
especially	O
guilty	O
toward	O
his	O
child	O
.	O


What	O
he	O
felt	O
was	O
that	O
"	O
I	O
go	O
out	O
to	O
work	O
and	O
leave	O
my	O
child	O
home	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
his	O
child	O
had	O
also	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
When	O
he	O
was	O
at	O
home	O
,	O
he	O
always	O
encouraged	O
me	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
would	O
say	O
,	O
"	O
No	O
problem	O
.	O
You	O
work	O
hard	O
and	O
get	O
a	O
better	O
grade	O
next	O
time	O
,	O
"	O
when	O
I	O
had	O
low	O
grades	O
.	O


If	O
he	O
could	O
receive	O
many	O
,	O
such	O
encouragements	O
,	O
he	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
disliked	O
school	O
sometimes	O
.	O


He	O
does	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
school	O
now	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
example	O
,	O
I	O
could	O
imagine	O
what	O
went	O
through	O
his	O
father	O
's	O
mind	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
he	O
felt	O
very	O
guilty	O
toward	O
his	O
child	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
feel	O
that	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
parents	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
also	O
have	O
no	O
alternative	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
forced	O
into	O
making	O
such	O
decisions	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
also	O
this	O
child	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
child	O
,	O
a	O
girl	O
in	O
Xixiang	B-GPE
county	I-GPE
,	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
province	I-GPE
.	O


Um	O
,	O
when	O
I	O
asked	O
,	O
"	O
What	O
do	O
you	O
think	O
are	O
the	O
changes	O
that	O
your	O
parents	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
have	O
caused	O
you	O
?	O
"	O
She	O
did	O
not	O
answer	O
.	O


She	O
went	O
home	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
small	O
box	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
small	O
finger	O
inside	O
the	O
box	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
terrifying	O
incident	O
.	O


What	O
was	O
the	O
small	O
finger	O
all	O
about	O
?	O


What	O
happened	O
was	O
that	O
when	O
her	O
um	O
,	O
parents	O
left	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
her	O
grandparents	O
looked	O
after	O
her	O
.	O


They	O
had	O
a	O
cellar	O
at	O
home	O
and	O
inside	O
was	O
a	O
hay	O
cutter	O
for	O
cutting	O
hay	O
.	O


When	O
she	O
went	O
downstairs	O
to	O
play	O
by	O
herself	O
,	O
an	O
accident	O
happened	O
.	O


Her	O
grandparents	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
We	O
ca	O
n't	O
help	O
.	O


We	O
ca	O
n't	O
keep	O
an	O
eye	O
on	O
her	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
"	O


,	O
before	O
they	O
went	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
they	O
could	O
watch	O
her	O
and	O
forbade	O
her	O
to	O
go	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
cellar	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
told	O
her	O
not	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
before	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
I	O
said	O
that	O
sometimes	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
difficult	O
to	O
ask	O
children	O
to	O
have	O
self	O
control	O
.	O


That	O
was	O
why	O
she	O
turned	O
this	O
way	O
.	O


-LSB-	O
-RSB-	O


This	O
is	O
Ruangang	B-GPE
village	I-GPE
,	I-GPE
Bocang	I-GPE
town	I-GPE
,	I-GPE
Yi	I-GPE
county	I-GPE
,	I-GPE
Hebei	I-GPE
province	I-GPE
.	O


Among	O
the	O
303	B-CARDINAL
households	O
in	O
the	O
village	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
families	O
have	O
people	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


More	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
children	O
in	O
the	O
village	O
are	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
.	O


Most	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
's	O
parents	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
southern	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


Many	O
people	O
want	O
to	O
save	O
some	O
travel	O
expenses	O
and	O
earn	O
some	O
more	O
money	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
common	O
for	O
them	O
not	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
or	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
.	O


Life	O
is	O
so	O
vast	O
.	O


Life	O
is	O
an	O
ocean	O
wherever	O
life	O
exists	O
.	O


It	O
has	O
been	O
six	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
since	O
14	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	O
old	O
Jiang	B-PERSON
Beiwen	I-PERSON
was	O
sent	O
by	O
his	O
parents	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
his	O
maternal	O
grandfather	O
in	O
Ruangang	B-GPE
village	I-GPE
.	O


His	O
parents	O
rely	O
on	O
selling	O
rice	O
in	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
to	O
support	O
their	O
child	O
's	O
education	O
.	O


They	O
live	O
a	O
very	O
hard	O
life	O
.	O


Little	O
Beiwen	B-PERSON
has	O
not	O
seen	O
them	O
once	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
six	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Oh	O
,	O
I	O
see	O
so	O
many	O
children	O
here	O
who	O
can	O
turn	O
for	O
comfort	O
in	O
their	O
parents	O
'	O
arms	O
!	O


Ah	O
,	O
I	O
envy	O
them	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
,	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
turn	O
to	O
comfort	O
in	O
my	O
parents	O
'	O
arms	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
at	O
school	O
the	O
time	O
I	O
missed	O
my	O
mother	O
the	O
most	O
.	O


Uh	O
huh	O
.	O


We	O
had	O
a	O
market	O
!	O


Oh	O
,	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
parents	O
who	O
bought	O
things	O
for	O
their	O
oh	O
,	O
sons	O
and	O
daughters	O
.	O


I	O
also	O
wish	O
that	O
my	O
parents	O
could	O
buy	O
me	O
things	O
.	O


I	O
envied	O
them	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


That	O
was	O
when	O
I	O
missed	O
my	O
mother	O
the	O
most	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
Jiang	B-PERSON
Beiwen	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
favorite	O
photo	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
taken	O
with	O
his	O
father	O
six	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
before	O
he	O
sent	O
him	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
his	O
maternal	O
grandfather	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
only	O
eight	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
old	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
.	O


The	O
only	O
connection	O
that	O
little	O
Beiwen	B-PERSON
has	O
with	O
his	O
parents	O
now	O
is	O
to	O
talk	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
with	O
them	O
once	O
a	O
week	O
.	O


In	O
his	O
opinion	O
,	O
affection	O
among	O
family	O
members	O
is	O
something	O
unreachable	O
.	O


How	O
often	O
can	O
your	O
mother	O
call	O
you	O
?	O


Uh	O
,	O
once	O
a	O
week	O
!	O


What	O
do	O
you	O
talk	O
about	O
?	O


I	O
will	O
talk	O
about	O
my	O
studies	O
and	O
life	O
.	O


My	O
schoolwork	O
was	O
not	O
quite	O
good	O
when	O
I	O
first	B-ORDINAL
came	O
!	O


My	O
mother	O
scolded	O
me	O
in	O
the	O
beginning	O
when	O
my	O
schoolwork	O
was	O
poor	O
.	O


She	O
said	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
losing	O
honor	O
for	O
not	O
doing	O
well	O
at	O
school	O
!	O


Then	O
I	O
cried	O
and	O
after	O
that	O
,	O
my	O
mother	O
cried	O
,	O
too	O
.	O


Since	O
they	O
move	O
from	O
place	O
to	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
to	O
work	O
all	O
year	O
round	O
,	O
parents	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
have	O
little	O
communication	O
with	O
their	O
children	O
.	O


While	O
for	O
temporary	O
custodians	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
only	O
limited	O
to	O
providing	O
superficial	O
care	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
making	O
sure	O
the	O
children	O
have	O
food	O
and	O
stay	O
warm	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
not	O
fulfill	O
the	O
responsibility	O
of	O
educating	O
the	O
children	O
.	O


The	O
survey	O
found	O
that	O
36.7	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
children	O
had	O
never	O
been	O
to	O
their	O
parents	O
'	O
workplace	O
.	O


8.2	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
parents	O
almost	O
never	O
contacted	O
their	O
children	O
.	O


21.4	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
parents	O
contacted	O
their	O
children	O
less	O
than	O
once	O
a	O
month	O
.	O


Since	O
their	O
parents	O
are	O
absent	O
,	O
how	O
can	O
these	O
children	O
communicate	O
and	O
exchange	O
with	O
their	O
parents	O
?	O


Our	O
study	O
found	O
that	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
the	O
principal	O
means	O
of	O
contact	O
between	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
and	O
their	O
parents	O
was	O
through	O
the	O
telephone	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
contrary	O
to	O
our	O
belief	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
talk	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
when	O
they	O
called	O
,	O
approximately	B-PERCENT
50	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
we	O
surveyed	O
talked	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
with	O
their	O
parents	O
for	O
three	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
or	O
so	O
.	O


What	O
could	O
they	O
talk	O
about	O
in	O
three	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
?	O


I	O
think	O
it	O
is	O
hard	O
to	O
say	O
anything	O
meaningful	O
in	O
three	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
studied	O
what	O
these	O
children	O
talked	O
to	O
their	O
parents	O
about	O
in	O
these	O
three	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
minute	I-TIME
telephone	O
conversations	O
.	O


What	O
did	O
the	O
parents	O
who	O
worked	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
talk	O
about	O
with	O
their	O
children	O
?	O


What	O
touched	O
us	O
very	O
deeply	O
was	O
that	O
70	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
's	O
conversations	O
with	O
their	O
parents	O
was	O
to	O
ask	O
about	O
their	O
safety	O
and	O
not	O
other	O
things	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
how	O
much	O
they	O
had	O
earned	O
.	O


As	O
for	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
parents	O
'	O
conversations	O
with	O
their	O
children	O
,	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
it	O
was	O
school	O
.	O


Whether	O
they	O
were	O
good	O
and	O
how	O
their	O
schoolwork	O
was	O
.	O


Second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
it	O
was	O
whether	O
they	O
obeyed	O
their	O
custodians	O
and	O
what	O
they	O
ate	O
and	O
things	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


Uh	O
,	O
as	O
for	O
safety	O
matters	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
emotional	O
exchange	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
that	O
sometimes	O
when	O
we	O
talk	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
,	O
even	O
a	O
pause	O
is	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
emotional	O
exchange	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
parents	O
may	O
not	O
have	O
realized	O
this	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
the	O
child	O
has	O
stopped	O
talking	O
.	O


He	O
stops	O
talking	O
because	O
he	O
needs	O
to	O
pause	O
to	O
consider	O
how	O
to	O
say	O
what	O
is	O
in	O
his	O
mind	O
.	O


The	O
parents	O
may	O
not	O
have	O
realized	O
this	O
point	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
hang	O
up	O
the	O
phone	O
immediately	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
for	O
three	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
,	O
why	O
was	O
it	O
only	O
for	O
three	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
?	O


In	O
many	O
cases	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
because	O
they	O
worried	O
about	O
the	O
charge	O
.	O


,	O
many	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
they	O
especially	O
wanted	O
to	O
call	O
their	O
parents	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
they	O
considered	O
that	O
um	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
thing	O
,	O
sometimes	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
telephone	O
at	O
home	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
very	O
difficult	O
for	O
children	O
to	O
borrow	O
the	O
phone	O
from	O
their	O
neighbors	O
.	O


Second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
um	O
,	O
they	O
considered	O
that	O
they	O
needed	O
money	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
phone	O
call	O
.	O


Some	O
children	O
told	O
me	O
,	O
"	O
I	O
secretly	O
called	O
my	O
parents	O
when	O
my	O
custodians	O
were	O
not	O
home	O
.	O
"	O


The	O
children	O
have	O
a	O
great	O
need	O
for	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
telephone	O
exchange	O
.	O


Do	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
understand	O
why	O
their	O
parents	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
?	O


Um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
survey	O
on	O
this	O
question	O
.	O


We	O
were	O
very	O
surprised	O
to	O
find	O
that	O
40	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
had	O
no	O
idea	O
what	O
jobs	O
their	O
parents	O
held	O
away	O
from	O
home	O
.	O


How	O
could	O
that	O
be	O
possible	O
?	O


How	O
could	O
that	O
be	O
possible	O
?	O


We	O
interviewed	O
some	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
,	O
their	O
custodians	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Why	O
would	O
n't	O
the	O
children	O
know	O
what	O
they	O
did	O
?	O


First	B-ORDINAL
,	O
we	O
can	O
tell	O
from	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
three	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
minute	I-TIME
telephone	O
conversations	O
we	O
mentioned	O
earlier	O
that	O
children	O
are	O
particularly	O
concerned	O
about	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
parents	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
the	O
work	O
that	O
the	O
parents	O
engaged	O
in	O
is	O
dangerous	O
work	O
,	O
including	O
coalmines	O
,	O
construction	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
others	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
dangerous	O
jobs	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
the	O
parents	O
of	O
these	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
also	O
choose	O
not	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
initiative	O
and	O
tell	O
them	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
their	O
job	O
.	O


Why	O
do	O
they	O
do	O
that	O
?	O


It	O
is	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
afraid	O
that	O
their	O
children	O
will	O
worry	O
.	O


Second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
,	O
parents	O
,	O
especially	O
fathers	O
,	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
have	O
a	O
particularly	O
lofty	O
image	O
in	O
the	O
children	O
's	O
mind	O
.	O


Maybe	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
their	O
children	O
to	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
their	O
job	O
or	O
tell	O
them	O
what	O
they	O
do	O
.	O


They	O
,	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
destroy	O
the	O
lofty	O
image	O
of	O
themselves	O
in	O
the	O
child	O
's	O
mind	O
.	O


At	O
noon	B-TIME
,	O
the	O
maternal	O
grandmother	O
and	O
maternal	O
grandfather	O
went	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
home	O
.	O


Jiang	B-PERSON
Beiwen	I-PERSON
has	O
to	O
make	O
lunch	O
for	O
himself	O
.	O


This	O
happens	O
to	O
him	O
very	O
often	O
.	O


He	O
could	O
look	O
after	O
himself	O
since	O
he	O
was	O
nine	B-DATE
.	O


What	O
work	O
are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
other	O
than	O
cooking	O
?	O


Uh	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
do	O
the	O
dishes	O
after	O
I	O
finish	O
eating	O
.	O


If	O
it	O
is	O
Sunday	B-DATE
when	O
I	O
am	O
free	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
,	O
also	O
do	O
some	O
farm	O
work	O
.	O


What	O
kind	O
of	O
work	O
?	O


Uh	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
hoe	O
the	O
field	O
,	O
uh	O
,	O
when	O
we	O
are	O
in	O
a	O
hurry	O
to	O
till	O
the	O
land	O
for	O
growing	O
crops	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
help	O
do	O
some	O
work	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
still	O
remember	O
your	O
mother	O
's	O
cooking	O
?	O


Uh	O
huh	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
especially	O
tasty	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
is	O
,	O
my	O
parents	O
'	O
health	O
.	O


Why	O
do	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
about	O
that	O
?	O


It	O
is	O
because	O
I	O
care	O
about	O
my	O
parents	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
about	O
their	O
work	O
because	O
I	O
know	O
that	O
they	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
because	O
of	O
me	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
care	O
about	O
them	O
a	O
lot	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
be	O
worn	O
out	O
from	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
to	O
make	O
money	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
because	O
of	O
me	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
care	O
about	O
their	O
health	O
a	O
lot	O
.	O


Because	O
of	O
you	O
,	O
why	O
is	O
it	O
because	O
of	O
you	O
?	O


Because	O
if	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
have	O
me	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
they	O
uh	O
,	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
,	O
relaxed	O
when	O
they	O
worked	O
.	O


Then	O
,	O
are	O
these	O
children	O
willing	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
their	O
parents	O
?	O
Or	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
with	O
them	O
?	O


In	O
regard	O
to	O
this	O
,	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
,	O
children	O
all	O
want	O
their	O
parents	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
51	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
children	O
we	O
surveyed	O
were	O
unwilling	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
with	O
their	O
parents	O
,	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
to	O
live	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
they	O
all	O
wanted	O
their	O
parents	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
,	O
but	O
half	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
children	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


We	O
also	O
asked	O
them	O
why	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
also	O
very	O
surprising	O
to	O
us	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
city	O
is	O
another	O
world	O
and	O
they	O
were	O
especially	O
worried	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
afraid	O
that	O
once	O
they	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
assimilate	O
into	O
the	O
schools	O
and	O
things	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


Second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
they	O
realized	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
already	O
a	O
very	O
difficult	O
task	O
for	O
their	O
parents	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Their	O
parents	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
money	O
home	O
,	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
go	O
live	O
with	O
them	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
add	O
more	O
burdens	O
to	O
their	O
parents	O
.	O


If	O
we	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
live	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
we	O
may	O
know	O
that	O
oh	O
,	O
city	O
life	O
is	O
like	O
this	O
.	O


As	O
for	O
children	O
from	O
rural	O
areas	O
and	O
people	O
from	O
rural	O
areas	O
who	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
familiar	O
with	O
this	O
world	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
fear	O
.	O


As	O
for	O
parents	O
,	O
are	O
they	O
more	O
willing	O
to	O
bring	O
their	O
children	O
with	O
them	O
or	O
leave	O
them	O
at	O
home	O
?	O


I	O
believe	O
when	O
parents	O
make	O
this	O
decision	O
,	O
their	O
main	O
consideration	O
is	O
not	O
willing	O
or	O
unwilling	O
.	O


All	O
parents	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
say	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
parents	O
,	O
definitely	O
want	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
their	O
children	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
reality	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
face	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
not	O
solve	O
this	O
problem	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
we	O
know	O
what	O
the	O
reality	O
is	O
.	O


First	B-ORDINAL
,	O
their	O
families	O
are	O
rather	O
poor	O
to	O
begin	O
with	O
.	O


Only	O
the	O
lower	O
-	O
middle	O
class	O
will	O
leave	O
the	O
rural	O
areas	O
and	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
to	O
make	O
money	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
family	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
need	O
a	O
huge	O
sum	O
of	O
money	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
bring	O
their	O
children	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Nonetheless	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
there	O
are	O
also	O
many	O
other	O
reasons	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
have	O
to	O
consider	O
whether	O
their	O
children	O
can	O
go	O
to	O
school	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
place	O
to	O
live	O
.	O


All	O
these	O
are	O
problems	O
that	O
they	O
need	O
to	O
resolve	O
.	O


The	O
problems	O
they	O
face	O
are	O
too	O
many	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
children	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
the	O
expenses	O
will	O
be	O
very	O
high	O
.	O


Since	O
circumstances	O
do	O
not	O
permit	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
not	O
bring	O
their	O
children	O
with	O
them	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
will	O
or	O
their	O
psychological	O
need	O
.	O


Many	O
parents	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
bring	O
their	O
children	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


What	O
would	O
you	O
tell	O
your	O
parents	O
if	O
you	O
could	O
see	O
them	O
now	O
?	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
tell	O
them	O
that	O
I	O
miss	O
them	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


Judging	O
from	O
the	O
surface	O
,	O
is	O
there	O
any	O
obvious	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
character	O
of	O
these	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
and	O
non-left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
?	O


It	O
is	O
hard	O
to	O
tell	O
from	O
the	O
surface	O
.	O


Why	O
is	O
it	O
so	O
?	O


For	O
these	O
children	O
,	O
it	O
depends	O
on	O
how	O
long	O
their	O
parents	O
have	O
been	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
some	O
have	O
just	O
gone	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
while	O
others	O
have	O
gone	O
for	O
10	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
already	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
generally	O
speaking	O
,	O
uh	O
,	O
we	O
did	O
not	O
conduct	O
any	O
psychological	O
testing	O
or	O
comparison	O
in	O
this	O
psychological	O
aspect	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
many	O
schools	O
and	O
custodians	O
reported	O
that	O
many	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
had	O
become	O
very	O
withdrawn	O
.	O


They	O
had	O
very	O
strange	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
temperaments	O
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
to	O
speak	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
,	O
a	O
child	O
who	O
was	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
of	O
junior	O
high	O
school	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
he	O
told	O
us	O
himself	O
that	O
he	O
particularly	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
misses	O
his	O
father	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
very	O
good	O
at	O
school	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
one	O
time	O
we	O
visited	O
him	O
,	O
his	O
um	O
,	O
family	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
second	B-ORDINAL
in	O
his	O
class	O
in	O
his	O
examination	O
.	O


After	O
that	O
,	O
he	O
became	O
extremely	O
,	O
extremely	O
,	O
annoyed	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
his	O
language	O
and	O
other	O
things	O
became	O
very	O
strange	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
asked	O
his	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
grandparents	O
who	O
had	O
custody	O
of	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
that	O
when	O
his	O
father	O
was	O
home	O
,	O
he	O
would	O
always	O
encourage	O
him	O
and	O
um	O
,	O
exchange	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
necessarily	O
because	O
his	O
parents	O
worked	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
for	O
some	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
,	O
their	O
parents	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
has	O
caused	O
some	O
psychological	O
abnormalities	O
and	O
unusual	O
development	O
.	O


This	O
situation	O
indeed	O
exists	O
.	O


After	O
all	O
,	O
these	O
are	O
families	O
whose	O
love	O
is	O
inadequate	O
and	O
incomplete	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
love	O
is	O
especially	O
important	O
.	O


Children	O
need	O
love	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
they	O
are	O
small	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
to	O
understand	O
our	O
Chinese	B-NORP
saying	O
,	O
"	O
The	O
child	O
is	O
father	O
to	O
the	O
man	O
.	O
"	O


What	O
it	O
says	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
character	O
that	O
children	O
form	O
at	O
a	O
very	O
young	O
age	O
will	O
affect	O
their	O
entire	O
life	O
.	O


Only	O
children	O
who	O
are	O
loved	O
and	O
who	O
realize	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
love	O
since	O
they	O
are	O
young	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
love	O
other	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
for	O
this	O
type	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
,	O
psychologically	O
,	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
family	O
love	O
.	O


Um	O
,	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
parents	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
these	O
children	O
perhaps	O
will	O
not	O
receive	O
timely	O
attention	O
when	O
they	O
encounter	O
many	O
difficulties	O
at	O
home	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
the	O
neighbors	O
around	O
are	O
all	O
facing	O
different	O
realities	O
and	O
can	O
not	O
offer	O
them	O
timely	O
love	O
.	O


Under	O
this	O
situation	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
sure	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
unwilling	O
to	O
imagine	O
what	O
mentality	O
and	O
character	O
these	O
children	O
will	O
develop	O
when	O
they	O
grow	O
up	O
.	O


Will	O
they	O
believe	O
there	O
is	O
love	O
in	O
society	O
or	O
not	O
?	O


Will	O
they	O
think	O
that	O
love	O
is	O
important	O
in	O
society	O
or	O
not	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
have	O
never	O
experienced	O
it	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
never	O
completely	O
experienced	O
it	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
if	O
such	O
a	O
large	O
group	O
in	O
society	O
does	O
not	O
realize	O
that	O
love	O
should	O
be	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
given	O
or	O
received	O
in	O
society	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
,	O
something	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
imagine	O
.	O


Despite	O
the	O
guarantee	O
in	O
food	O
,	O
clothing	O
,	O
and	O
school	O
that	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
get	O
because	O
their	O
parents	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
to	O
make	O
money	O
,	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
psychological	O
and	O
physiological	O
satisfaction	O
that	O
they	O
require	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
the	O
survey	O
,	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
were	O
dissatisfied	O
with	O
their	O
current	O
life	O
.	O


58	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
left	O
-	O
behind	O
children	O
believed	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
unhappy	O
.	O


Are	O
the	O
parents	O
worried	O
about	O
leaving	O
their	O
children	O
at	O
home	O
by	O
themselves	O
?	O


Do	O
they	O
understand	O
the	O
living	O
conditions	O
of	O
their	O
children	O
at	O
home	O
?	O


They	O
thought	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
reality	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
um	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
face	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
condemned	O
to	O
this	O
reality	O
.	O


No	O
doubt	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
some	O
,	O
um	O
,	O
parents	O
have	O
not	O
had	O
such	O
profound	O
consideration	O
.	O


Why	O
do	O
n't	O
they	O
?	O


I	O
believe	O
people	O
are	O
all	O
the	O
same	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
face	O
such	O
an	O
urgent	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
livelihood	O
,	O
their	O
first	B-ORDINAL
consideration	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
livelihood	O
.	O


They	O
can	O
not	O
consider	O
the	O
deeper	O
issue	O
of	O
children	O
's	O
safety	O
and	O
psychology	O
when	O
their	O
livelihood	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
solved	O
,	O
satisfied	O
,	O
and	O
guaranteed	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
two	B-CARDINAL
sisters	O
who	O
lived	O
in	O
a	O
cave	O
dwelling	O
in	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
province	I-GPE
.	O


Many	O
people	O
whom	O
we	O
interviewed	O
lived	O
in	O
cave	O
dwellings	O
.	O


Once	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
flood	O
.	O


,	O
these	O
sisters	O
stayed	O
in	O
the	O
cave	O
dwelling	O
to	O
look	O
after	O
the	O
home	O
!	O


This	O
happened	O
in	O
the	O
rural	O
area	O
.	O


These	O
two	B-CARDINAL
children	O
were	O
looking	O
after	O
the	O
home	O
.	O


Their	O
uncle	O
saved	O
them	O
when	O
the	O
flood	O
was	O
almost	O
past	O
their	O
bellies	O
.	O


Their	O
father	O
called	O
later	O
to	O
see	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
fine	O
.	O


The	O
family	O
told	O
him	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
fine	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
back	O
after	O
that	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
check	O
if	O
everything	O
was	O
fine	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
the	O
reason	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
return	O
was	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
ponder	O
whether	O
he	O
should	O
return	O
or	O
not	O
.	O


Tomorrow	B-DATE
's	O
summit	O
meeting	O
will	O
bring	O
Ehud	B-PERSON
Barak	I-PERSON
and	O
Yasser	B-PERSON
Arafat	I-PERSON
to	O
the	O
resort	O
city	O
of	O
Sharm	B-GPE
El	I-GPE
-	I-GPE
eikh	I-GPE
.	O


Getting	O
both	O
to	O
attend	O
was	O
not	O
an	O
easy	O
task	O
.	O


The	O
last	O
thing	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
did	O
today	B-DATE
before	O
heading	O
to	O
the	O
Mideast	B-LOC
is	O
go	O
to	O
church	O
--	O
appropriate	O
,	O
perhaps	O
,	O
given	O
the	O
enormity	O
of	O
the	O
task	O
he	O
and	O
his	O
national	O
security	O
team	O
face	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
ahead	I-DATE
.	O


We	O
do	O
have	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
violee	O
and	O
take	O
a	O
turn	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
calmness	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
can	O
move	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
peace	O
process	O
,	O
but	O
even	O
if	O
the	O
violence	O
subsides	O
,	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
will	O
still	O
have	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
an	O
open	O
wound	O
--	O
a	O
scar	O
so	O
long	O
and	O
so	O
deep	O
from	O
these	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
years	B-DATE
before	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
real	O
effort	O
at	O
talking	O
peace	O
again	O
.	O


Both	O
sides	O
have	O
almost	O
stepped	O
back	O
six	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
terms	O
of	O
their	O
statements	O
and	O
attitudes	O
,	O
six	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
or	I-DATE
more	I-DATE
--	O
before	O
the	B-LAW
Oslo	I-LAW
accords	I-LAW
,	O
when	O
the	O
Israelis	B-NORP
promised	O
land	O
and	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
promised	O
security	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
there	O
is	O
only	O
finger	O
pointing	O
.	O


Arafat	B-PERSON
deliberately	O
launched	O
it	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
attract	O
the	O
attention	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
by	O
paying	O
with	O
the	O
blood	O
of	O
his	O
own	O
people	O
.	O


I	O
urge	O
Mr.	O
Barak	B-PERSON
to	O
lift	O
the	O
siege	O
of	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
,	O
to	O
speak	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
as	O
its	O
neighbors	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
his	O
neighbors	O
.	O


The	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
clearly	O
face	O
the	O
greatest	O
pressure	O
in	O
this	O
summit	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
Israelis	B-NORP
are	O
not	O
the	O
only	O
ones	O
blaming	O
them	O
for	O
the	O
outbreak	O
of	O
violence	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
we	O
all	O
know	O
that	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
is	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Palestinian	I-ORG
Authority	I-ORG
.	O


He	O
has	O
the	O
responsibility	O
for	O
controlling	O
the	O
violence	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
so	O
easy	O
for	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
.	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
are	O
calling	O
for	O
continued	O
fighting	O
.	O


Half	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
population	O
is	O
under	O
the	B-DATE
age	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
14	I-DATE
and	O
many	O
have	O
been	O
influenced	O
by	O
military	O
factions	O
like	O
Hamas	B-ORG
and	O
Hezbollah	B-ORG
--	O
not	O
by	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
.	O


When	O
you	O
talk	O
about	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
people	O
around	O
him	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
understand	O
how	O
young	O
this	O
population	O
really	O
is	O
--	O
how	O
volatile	O
,	O
how	O
close	O
to	O
exploding	O
it	O
really	O
is	O
.	O


Almost	O
no	O
one	O
seems	O
optimistic	O
about	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
the	O
Mideast	B-LOC
.	O


That	O
's	O
the	O
heartbreak	O
of	O
this	O
region	O
says	O
one	O
State	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
official	O
.	O


Whenever	O
you	O
take	O
a	O
step	O
forward	O
,	O
you	O
are	O
bound	O
to	O
be	O
pushed	O
way	O
back	O
.	O


Martha	B-PERSON
Raddatz	I-PERSON
,	O
ABC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-FAC
State	I-FAC
Department	I-FAC
.	O


Back	O
to	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
tonight	B-TIME
.	O


the	O
truce	O
brokered	O
by	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
between	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
allegedly	O
is	O
in	O
tatters	O
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
now	O
talking	O
about	O
a	O
battle	O
for	O
independence	O
.	O


Israel	B-GPE
says	O
it	O
may	O
abandon	O
the	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
altogether	O
.	O


Nine	B-CARDINAL
Palestinians	B-NORP
were	O
killed	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


More	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
70	I-CARDINAL
people	O
have	O
been	O
wounded	O
,	O
mostly	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
,	O
but	O
also	O
several	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
.	O


ABC	B-ORG
's	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Woodruff	I-PERSON
is	O
in	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
territories	O
tonight	B-TIME
.	O


Violence	O
ripped	O
through	O
almost	O
every	O
major	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
town	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
worst	O
was	O
in	O
Nablus	B-GPE
.	O


Four	B-CARDINAL
Palestinians	B-NORP
were	O
shot	O
and	O
killed	O
.	O


In	O
Ramallah	B-GPE
,	O
thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
rushed	O
the	O
Israeli	B-NORP
checkpoint	O
,	O
then	O
faced	O
down	O
Israeli	B-NORP
guns	O
.	O


From	O
Hebron	B-GPE
to	O
Gaza	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
wounded	O
were	O
carried	O
off	O
so	O
fast	O
it	O
was	O
difficult	O
to	O
count	O
them	O
.	O


As	O
is	O
so	O
often	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
trouble	O
started	O
with	O
funerals	O
that	O
escalated	O
into	O
fury	O
.	O


Most	O
significant	O
,	O
demonstrators	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
throwing	O
stones	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
today	B-DATE
turned	O
to	O
gasoline	O
bombs	O
.	O


Israelis	B-NORP
who	O
had	O
been	O
firing	O
rubber	O
bullets	O
stepped	O
up	O
their	O
use	O
of	O
real	O
ones	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
the	O
truce	O
went	O
into	O
effect	O
,	O
when	O
both	O
sides	O
would	O
call	O
off	O
the	O
violence	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
clearly	O
has	O
not	O
happened	O
,	O
and	O
here	O
in	O
the	O
streets	O
,	O
peace	O
seems	O
very	O
unlikely	O
.	O


Tonight	B-TIME
on	O
Israeli	B-NORP
television	O
,	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Barak	B-PERSON
said	O
we	O
can	O
not	O
go	O
on	O
as	O
if	O
nothing	O
happened	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
demonstrations	O
do	O
n't	O
stop	O
,	O
Barak	B-PERSON
's	O
spokesman	O
said	O
Israel	B-GPE
will	O
continue	O
to	O
use	O
live	O
ammunition	O
.	O


They	O
leave	O
no	O
other	O
way	O
for	O
us	O
but	O
to	O
respond	O
with	O
fire	O
,	O
we	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
.	O


Palestinian	B-NORP
leaders	O
said	O
their	O
people	O
no	O
longer	O
want	O
a	O
cease	O
-	O
fire	O
,	O
they	O
want	O
their	O
own	O
country	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
under	O
occupation	O
and	O
subjugation	O
.	O


The	O
question	O
should	O
be	O
what	O
the	O
Hosni	O
Mubarak	O
are	O
they	O
still	O
doing	O
there	O
eight	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
after	I-DATE
the	O
peace	O
process	O
began	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
major	O
questions	O
that	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
addressed	O
after	O
the	O
stoning	O
and	O
shooting	O
had	O
stopped	O
.	O


It	O
certainly	O
has	O
not	O
stopped	O
.	O


Not	O
yet	O
.	O


Bob	B-PERSON
Woodruff	I-PERSON
,	O
ABC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Ramallah	B-GPE
.	O


We	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
``	O
a	O
closer	O
look	O
''	O
at	O
the	O
great	O
Wind	B-LOC
Cave	I-LOC
in	O
South	B-GPE
Dakota	I-GPE
.	O


No	O
easy	O
matter	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
caving	O
is	O
a	O
popular	O
pasttime	O
for	O
some	O
Americans	B-NORP
,	O
a	O
horrifying	O
thought	O
for	O
others	O
,	O
especially	O
anyone	O
prone	O
to	O
claustrophobia	O
.	O


We	O
asked	O
Judy	B-PERSON
Muller	I-PERSON
if	O
she	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
do	O
the	O
story	O
of	O
a	O
fascinating	O
man	O
.	O


She	O
took	O
a	O
deep	O
breath	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


This	O
wild	O
landscape	O
in	O
South	B-GPE
Dakota	I-GPE
may	O
evoke	O
images	O
of	O
the	O
frontier	O
West	B-LOC
,	O
but	O
the	O
real	O
frontier	O
is	O
far	O
beneath	O
.	O


Elevation	O
plus	O
11	B-CARDINAL
.	O


The	O
real	O
pioneers	O
are	O
men	O
like	O
John	B-PERSON
Sheltons	I-PERSON
who	O
explore	O
underground	O
caves	O
.	O


The	O
most	O
fascinating	O
is	O
the	O
maze	O
known	O
as	O
Wind	B-LOC
Cave	I-LOC
.	O


When	O
you	O
find	O
one	O
where	O
no	O
one	O
has	O
been	O
there	O
,	O
you	O
are	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
person	O
,	O
the	O
adrenaline	O
is	O
phenomenal	O
.	O


He	O
first	O
came	O
here	O
as	O
a	O
tourist	O
30	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


He	O
offered	O
to	O
map	O
it	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Park	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
.	O


I	O
thought	O
would	O
take	O
a	O
week	B-DATE
or	O
two	B-CARDINAL
.	O


It	O
's	O
now	O
30	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
down	O
the	O
road	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
no	O
closer	O
to	O
completing	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O


The	O
cave	O
is	O
seemingly	O
endless	O
.	O


3	B-QUANTITY
miles	I-QUANTITY
of	O
the	O
cave	O
have	O
been	O
surveyed	O
,	O
every	O
inch	O
logged	O
by	O
hand	O
,	O
then	O
fed	O
into	O
a	O
computer	O
which	O
plots	O
every	O
nook	O
and	O
cranny	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
only	O
representing	O
about	O
5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
known	O
volume	O
that	O
could	O
possibly	O
be	O
here	O
.	O


95	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
cave	O
is	O
unmapped	O
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


The	O
first	B-ORDINAL
recorded	O
discovery	O
of	O
the	O
cave	O
was	O
in	O
1881	B-DATE
.	O


A	O
cowboy	O
hunting	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
heard	O
the	O
sound	O
of	O
rushing	O
wind	O
.	O


He	O
followed	O
it	O
to	O
this	O
narrow	O
opening	O
.	O


The	O
wind	O
was	O
so	O
strong	O
,	O
or	O
so	O
the	O
story	O
goes	O
,	O
that	O
it	O
blew	O
his	O
hat	O
off	O
his	O
head	O
.	O


Since	O
then	O
,	O
many	O
visitors	O
have	O
been	O
drawn	O
into	O
this	O
world	O
of	O
crystals	O
,	O
fossils	O
and	O
calcite	O
formations	O
known	O
as	O
forecast	O
work	O
and	O
popcorn	O
and	O
rarest	O
of	O
all	O
,	O
fox	O
work	O
.	O


Each	O
new	O
discovery	O
means	O
heading	O
down	O
another	O
tight	O
,	O
dark	O
hall	O
.	O


Your	O
stomach	O
is	O
against	O
the	O
floor	O
and	O
your	O
back	O
is	O
against	O
the	O
wall	O
.	O


As	O
we	O
crawled	O
along	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
an	O
item	O
left	O
by	O
earlier	O
explorers	O
.	O


A	O
103	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
newspaper	O
.	O


The	O
ultimate	O
payoff	O
is	O
when	O
they	O
find	O
a	O
new	O
chamber	O
.	O


The	O
knowledge	O
that	O
our	O
lights	O
are	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
to	O
light	O
it	O
up	O
,	O
our	O
footprints	O
were	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
our	O
eyes	O
were	O
first	B-ORDINAL
to	O
see	O
it	O
.	O


He	O
calls	O
it	O
addictive	O
.	O


You	O
get	O
withdrawal	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
find	O
more	O
,	O
something	O
bigger	O
or	O
deeper	O
.	O


He	O
no	O
longer	O
expects	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
cave	O
in	O
his	O
lifetime	B-DATE
.	O


That	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
is	O
just	O
fine	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


Judy	B-PERSON
Muller	I-PERSON
,	O
ABC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Wind	B-FAC
Cave	I-FAC
National	I-FAC
Park	I-FAC
.	O


Some	O
camera	O
team	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


Some	O
overseas	O
news	O
.	O


Barak	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
has	O
been	O
forced	O
to	O
call	O
national	O
elections	O
,	O
offered	O
to	O
recognize	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
state	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
one	B-CARDINAL
very	O
difficult	O
condition	O
.	O


There	O
could	O
be	O
no	O
discussion	O
for	O
now	O
about	O
who	O
will	O
have	O
what	O
status	O
in	O
Jerusalem	B-GPE
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
do	O
n't	O
like	O
it	O
.	O


In	O
Bethlehem	B-GPE
,	O
where	O
Christians	B-NORP
believe	O
Jesus	B-PERSON
was	O
born	O
,	O
Christmas	B-DATE
plans	O
have	O
been	O
scaled	O
back	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
violence	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
other	O
news	O
tonight	B-TIME
overseas	O
and	O
at	O
home	O
.	O


While	O
all	O
this	O
is	O
going	O
on	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
is	O
overseas	O
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
was	O
in	O
Northern	B-GPE
Ireland	I-GPE
when	O
he	O
heard	O
the	O
Supreme	B-ORG
Court	I-ORG
decision	O
.	O


He	O
talked	O
to	O
Al	B-PERSON
Gore	I-PERSON
on	O
the	O
phone	O
from	O
Belfast	B-GPE
.	O


This	O
is	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
third	B-ORDINAL
visit	O
to	O
Northern	B-GPE
Ireland	I-GPE
,	O
and	O
the	B-GPE
Irish	I-GPE
Republic	I-GPE
to	O
do	O
what	O
he	O
can	O
to	O
generate	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
.	O


The	O
Indonesian	B-NORP
billionaire	O
James	B-PERSON
Riady	I-PERSON
has	O
agreed	O
to	O
pay	O
$	B-MONEY
8.5	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
and	O
plead	O
guilty	O
to	O
illegally	O
donating	O
money	O
for	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
1992	B-DATE
presidential	O
campaign	O
.	O


He	O
admits	O
he	O
was	O
trying	O
to	O
influence	O
American	B-NORP
policy	O
on	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


Good	O
evening	B-TIME
,	O
everyone	O
.	O


We	O
begin	O
tonight	B-TIME
with	O
a	B-CARDINAL
couple	I-CARDINAL
of	O
urgent	O
questions	O
for	O
the	O
government	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
man	O
on	O
trial	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
for	O
bombing	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
embassy	O
in	O
Kenya	B-GPE
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
FBI	B-ORG
says	O
when	O
they	O
questioned	O
him	O
,	O
he	O
told	O
them	O
of	O
another	O
plot	O
to	O
bomb	O
an	O
American	B-NORP
ship	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
,	O
where	O
the	B-PRODUCT
``	I-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
was	O
ultimately	O
attacked	O
.	O


Question	O
one	B-CARDINAL
,	O
did	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
make	O
it	O
clear	O
what	O
the	O
man	O
had	O
told	O
them	O
?	O


Question	O
two	B-CARDINAL
,	O
did	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
get	O
the	O
message	O
and	O
do	O
nothing	O
about	O
it	O
?	O


Here	O
's	O
your	O
national	O
correspondent	O
,	O
John	B-PERSON
M	I-PERSON
Wethy	I-PERSON
.	O


In	O
the	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
bombing	O
of	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
embassy	O
in	O
Nairobi	B-GPE
,	O
Mohammed	B-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
owhali	I-PERSON
was	O
arrested	O
by	O
Kenyan	B-NORP
authorities	O
and	O
interrogated	O
by	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
.	O


He	O
told	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
he	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
attack	O
under	O
direction	O
of	O
terrorist	O
leader	O
Osama	B-PERSON
Bin	I-PERSON
Laden	I-PERSON
.	O


ABC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
has	O
learned	O
he	O
also	O
provided	O
details	O
of	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
attack	O
an	O
American	B-NORP
warship	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
.	O


Al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
owhali	I-PERSON
said	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
rocket	O
attack	O
,	O
conducted	O
by	O
a	O
Bin	B-PERSON
Laden	I-PERSON
terrorist	O
cell	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
would	O
come	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
months	O
.	O


The	B-TIME
next	I-TIME
morning	I-TIME
,	O
August	B-DATE
1998	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
sent	O
out	O
a	O
classified	O
message	O
,	O
under	O
Director	O
Louis	B-PERSON
Freeh	I-PERSON
's	O
name	O
,	O
warning	O
of	O
a	O
plot	O
to	O
attack	O
a	O
U.S.	B-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
ship	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
FBI	B-ORG
message	O
went	O
to	O
three	B-CARDINAL
Pentagon	B-ORG
agencies	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
visit	O
of	O
one	O
American	B-NORP
warship	O
to	O
Yemen	B-GPE
was	O
canceled	O
.	O


The	O
warning	O
came	O
as	O
General	O
Anthony	B-PERSON
Zinni	I-PERSON
was	O
finalizing	O
an	O
agreement	O
for	O
refueling	O
ships	O
in	O
the	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
port	O
of	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
apparently	O
left	O
no	O
lasting	O
impression	O
.	O


Zinni	B-PERSON
testifying	O
after	O
the	O
attack	O
on	O
the	B-PRODUCT
``	I-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
--	O
Aden	B-GPE
never	O
had	O
a	O
specific	O
terrorist	O
threat	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
other	O
ports	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
mentioned	O
here	O
that	O
we	O
should	O
have	O
considered	O
as	O
options	O
have	O
had	O
specific	O
threats	O
.	O


So	O
what	O
happened	O
to	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
warning	O
?	O


CIA	B-ORG
officials	O
say	O
they	O
never	O
received	O
it	O
.	O


FBI	B-ORG
officials	O
say	O
they	O
did	O
copy	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
.	O


Pentagon	B-ORG
officials	O
say	O
they	O
got	O
the	O
warning	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
no	O
idea	O
the	O
source	O
was	O
such	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
connected	O
insider	O
within	O
Bin	B-PERSON
Laden	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
organization	O
.	O


This	O
raises	O
a	O
fundamental	O
question	O
--	O
if	O
the	O
message	O
had	O
been	O
more	O
clearly	O
communicated	O
and	O
understood	O
,	O
would	O
American	B-NORP
lives	O
have	O
been	O
saved	O
?	O


John	B-PERSON
M	I-PERSON
Wethy	I-PERSON
,	O
ABC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-FAC
,	O
still	O
looking	O
for	O
answers	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Dixie	I-ORG
Chicks	I-ORG
are	O
the	O
big	O
winners	O
at	O
the	B-EVENT
Country	I-EVENT
Music	I-EVENT
Awards	I-EVENT
in	O
Nashville	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
group	O
won	O
four	O
awards	O
--	O
Entertainer	B-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Year	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
Best	B-WORK_OF_ART
Vocal	I-WORK_OF_ART
Group	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
Best	B-WORK_OF_ART
Album	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	O
``	O
Fly	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
and	O
Music	B-WORK_OF_ART
Video	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Year	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	O
``	O
Goodbye	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	I-WORK_OF_ART
Earl	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


Faith	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
received	O
the	O
Female	B-WORK_OF_ART
Vocalist	I-WORK_OF_ART
award	O
.	O


Husband	O
Tim	B-PERSON
M	I-PERSON
Graw	I-PERSON
got	O
the	O
Male	B-WORK_OF_ART
Vocalist	I-WORK_OF_ART
honor	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
the	O
first	O
married	O
couple	O
to	O
win	O
both	O
honors	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
I	B-WORK_OF_ART
Hope	I-WORK_OF_ART
You	I-WORK_OF_ART
Dance	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
by	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Ann	I-PERSON
Womack	I-PERSON
,	O
was	O
awarded	O
Single	B-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Year	I-WORK_OF_ART
and	O
Song	B-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Year	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


Nine	B-CARDINAL
people	O
were	O
injured	O
in	O
Gaza	B-GPE
when	O
gunmen	O
opened	O
fire	O
on	O
an	O
Israeli	B-NORP
bus	O
.	O


The	O
passengers	O
were	O
off	O
-	O
duty	O
Israeli	B-NORP
security	O
workers	O
.	O


Witnesses	O
say	O
the	O
shots	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
international	O
airport	O
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
Prime	O
Minister	O
Ehud	B-PERSON
Barak	I-PERSON
closed	O
down	O
the	O
two	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
airport	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
incident	O
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
criticized	O
the	O
move	O
.	O


They	O
regard	O
the	O
airport	O
as	O
a	O
symbol	O
of	O
emerging	O
statehood	O
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
Americans	B-NORP
have	O
won	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
Nobel	B-WORK_OF_ART
Prize	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	O
economics	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Royal	I-ORG
Swedish	I-ORG
Academy	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Sciences	I-ORG
is	O
giving	O
the	O
award	O
to	O
James	B-PERSON
J.	I-PERSON
Heckman	I-PERSON
of	O
the	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Chicago	I-ORG
and	O
University	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
California	I-ORG
at	I-ORG
Berkeley	I-ORG
professor	O
Daniel	B-PERSON
L.	I-PERSON
McFadden	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
Academy	B-ORG
says	O
it	O
's	O
for	O
their	O
theories	O
and	O
methods	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
analyzing	O
work	O
and	O
living	O
habits	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
share	O
the	O
prize	O
award	O
of	O
$	O
915,000	B-MONEY
.	O


The	O
economics	O
prize	O
is	O
the	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
in	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
of	O
awards	O
announced	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Nobel	I-ORG
Academy	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
summit	O
is	O
coinciding	O
with	O
more	O
unrest	O
in	O
several	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
West	B-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
and	O
Gaza	B-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
.	O


Hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
stone	O
-	O
throwing	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
stormed	O
the	O
Israeli	B-NORP
-	O
controlled	O
section	O
of	O
Hebron	B-GPE
,	O
breaking	O
a	O
curfew	O
imposed	O
since	O
the	O
outbreak	O
of	O
the	O
unrest	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


Witnesses	O
said	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
fired	O
live	O
ammunition	O
and	O
rubber	O
-	O
coated	O
metal	O
bullets	O
,	O
wounding	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
seven	I-CARDINAL
people	O
.	O


Thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
demonstrators	O
marched	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
to	O
protest	O
against	O
a	O
renewal	O
of	O
contacts	O
with	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
hottest	O
gift	O
this	B-DATE
Christmas	I-DATE
could	O
be	O
Sony	B-ORG
's	O
new	O
PlayStation	B-PRODUCT
2	I-PRODUCT
,	O
but	O
good	O
luck	O
finding	O
one	B-CARDINAL
.	O


As	O
Greg	B-PERSON
Lefevre	I-PERSON
reports	O
,	O
many	O
stores	O
have	O
sold	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
even	O
before	O
its	O
release	O
.	O


Coming	O
to	O
a	O
retailer	O
near	O
you	O
,	O
PlayStation	B-PRODUCT
pandemonium	O
.	O


Sony	B-ORG
's	O
long	O
-	O
awaited	O
release	O
of	O
its	O
latest	O
video	O
game	O
console	O
is	O
guaranteed	O
to	O
pump	O
up	O
the	O
volume	O
on	O
video	O
game	O
sales	O
,	O
already	O
a	O
$	B-MONEY
7	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
business	O
.	O


Kids	O
are	O
spending	O
$	O
50	B-MONEY
to	O
$	O
70	B-MONEY
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
a	O
pop	O
on	O
these	O
games	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
money	O
here	O
!	O


The	O
price	O
?	O


$	O
300	B-MONEY
.	O


A	O
lot	O
by	O
current	O
standards	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
great	O
.	O


The	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
a	O
DVD	O
player	O
.	O


You	O
see	O
a	O
very	O
wide	O
environment	O
with	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
detail	O
in	O
the	O
background	O
.	O


The	O
dazzling	O
speed	O
and	O
bright	O
graphics	O
are	O
dampened	O
by	O
a	O
tight	O
supply	O
of	O
units	O
.	O


Sony	B-ORG
promised	O
to	O
debut	O
with	O
a	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
consoles	O
,	O
then	O
cut	O
that	O
in	O
half	O
.	O


Opening	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
is	O
Thursday	B-DATE
at	O
midnight	B-TIME
.	O


Many	O
stores	O
took	O
orders	O
and	O
sold	O
out	O
in	O
advance	O
.	O


All	O
of	O
our	O
customers	O
who	O
participated	O
in	O
our	O
presale	O
list	O
will	O
get	O
it	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
others	O
?	O


There	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
people	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
place	O
trying	O
to	O
beat	O
you	O
out	O
because	O
most	O
gamers	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
they	O
're	O
gamers	O
!	O
they	O
're	O
strategizing	O
,	O
figuring	O
it	O
out	O
.	O


Sony	B-ORG
plans	O
100,000	B-CARDINAL
more	O
each	O
week	B-DATE
,	O
a	O
fraction	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
demand	O
.	O


With	O
that	O
magic	O
combination	O
of	O
high	O
demand	O
and	O
short	O
supply	O
,	O
PlayStation	B-PRODUCT
2	I-PRODUCT
is	O
assured	O
to	O
be	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
must	O
have	O
,	O
ca	O
n't	O
get	O
Christmas	B-DATE
gift	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
my	O
sons	O
are	O
hyped	O
up	O
with	O
this	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
are	O
with	O
every	O
game	O
release	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
latest	O
chapter	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
's	O
game	O
of	O
leapfrog	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
Sega	B-ORG
's	O
Dreamcast	B-PRODUCT
blew	O
minds	O
and	O
the	O
competition	O
,	O
and	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
Microsoft	B-ORG
promises	O
its	O
X-box	B-PRODUCT
game	O
console	O
and	O
Nintendo	B-ORG
will	O
release	O
its	O
next	O
-	O
generation	O
machine	O
,	O
the	O
GameCube	B-PRODUCT
.	O


Computer	O
gaming	O
is	O
mainstream	O
.	O


Age	O
groups	O
span	O
the	O
generations	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
absolutely	O
no	O
longer	O
guys	O
only	O
.	O


Greg	B-PERSON
Lefevre	I-PERSON
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
,	O
San	B-GPE
Francisco	I-GPE
.	O


A	O
Russian	B-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
spokesman	O
says	O
bad	O
weather	O
could	O
complicate	O
the	O
work	O
to	O
recover	O
bodies	O
from	O
the	O
sunken	O
nuclear	O
submarine	O
``	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
.	O
''	O


Russian	B-NORP
and	O
Norwegian	B-NORP
divers	O
successfully	O
removed	O
a	O
rubber	O
coating	O
between	O
the	O
inner	O
and	O
outer	O
hulls	O
of	O
sub	O
yesterday	B-DATE
.	O


Thick	O
fog	O
,	O
rain	O
and	O
high	O
winds	O
are	O
limiting	O
visibility	O
at	O
the	O
site	O
.	O


All	O
118	B-CARDINAL
people	O
on	O
board	O
the	O
``	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
''	O
died	O
when	O
the	O
submarine	O
exploded	O
and	O
sank	O
to	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Barents	I-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
.	O


Hello	O
from	O
Atlanta	B-GPE
.	O


Our	O
top	O
story	O
this	B-TIME
half	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
,	O
the	O
man	O
responsible	O
for	O
U.S.	B-GPE
forces	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Persian	I-LOC
Gulf	I-LOC
says	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
specific	O
threat	O
of	O
an	O
imminent	O
attack	O
in	O
the	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
port	O
of	O
Aden	B-GPE
before	O
a	O
bomb	O
ripped	O
into	O
the	B-PRODUCT
``	I-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
there	O
this	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


Army	B-ORG
General	O
Tommy	B-PERSON
Franks	I-PERSON
,	O
head	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Central	I-ORG
Command	I-ORG
,	O
today	B-DATE
testified	O
before	O
the	B-ORG
Senate	I-ORG
Armed	I-ORG
Services	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
to	O
answer	O
questions	O
about	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
lawmakers	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
trigger	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
retreat	O
from	O
the	B-LOC
Persian	I-LOC
Gulf	I-LOC
,	O
even	O
though	O
troops	O
remain	O
at	O
risk	O
to	O
terrorism	O
.	O


17	B-CARDINAL
sailors	O
were	O
killed	O
and	O
dozens	B-CARDINAL
were	O
injured	O
when	O
the	O
explosion	O
blew	O
a	O
huge	O
hole	O
into	O
the	O
hull	O
of	O
the	O
Navy	B-ORG
destroyer	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
refueling	O
in	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


Franks	B-PERSON
said	O
U.S.	B-GPE
war	O
ships	O
have	O
made	O
almost	B-CARDINAL
30	I-CARDINAL
safe	O
visits	O
to	O
Aden	B-GPE
since	O
January	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


He	O
added	O
the	O
attack	O
is	O
already	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
an	O
intense	O
investigation	O
by	O
many	O
agencies	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
determined	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
this	O
.	O


We	O
'll	O
put	O
the	O
events	O
that	O
led	O
up	O
to	O
``	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
''	O
under	O
a	O
microscope	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
we	O
've	O
begun	O
that	O
process	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
facts	O
we	O
need	O
to	O
find	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
'll	O
use	O
the	O
lessons	O
that	O
we	O
learn	O
from	O
``	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
''	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
best	O
possible	O
force	O
protection	O
for	O
our	O
troops	O
in	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
dangerous	O
regions	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


A	O
special	O
heavy	O
-	O
lift	O
ship	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
arrive	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
tomorrow	B-DATE
.	O


It	O
will	O
carry	O
the	O
damaged	O
``	O
USS	B-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
.	O


The	O
October	B-DATE
attack	O
on	O
the	O
``	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
''	O
killed	O
17	B-CARDINAL
sailors	O
.	O


A	O
toward	O
U.S.	B-ORG
Army	I-ORG
general	O
and	O
U.S.	B-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
admiral	O
have	O
arrived	O
in	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


They	O
'll	O
assist	O
in	O
the	O
investigation	O
of	O
the	O
bombing	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
also	O
review	O
military	O
procedures	O
and	O
intelligence	O
operations	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
runway	O
mix	O
-	O
up	O
apparently	O
caused	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
's	O
plane	O
crash	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


Investigators	O
say	O
the	O
Singapore	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
jet	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
on	O
runway	O
Five	B-FAC
-	I-FAC
Left	I-FAC
,	O
but	O
instead	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
on	O
Five	B-FAC
-	I-FAC
Right	I-FAC
,	O
a	O
parallel	O
runway	O
.	O


The	O
plane	O
hit	O
construction	O
equipment	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
part	O
of	O
it	O
right	O
there	O
.	O


Investigators	O
say	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
why	O
it	O
was	O
on	O
the	O
wrong	O
runway	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
raining	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O


They	O
hope	O
the	O
plane	O
's	O
flight	O
recorder	O
will	O
help	O
solve	O
the	O
mystery	O
.	O


The	O
pilot	O
is	O
being	O
kept	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
for	O
questioning	O
.	O


81	B-CARDINAL
people	O
were	O
killed	O
in	O
the	O
accident	O
,	O
which	O
took	O
place	O
amid	O
poor	O
visibility	O
and	O
driving	O
rain	O
.	O


The	O
airport	O
has	O
no	O
ground	O
radar	O
,	O
so	O
air	O
traffic	O
controllers	O
could	O
not	O
have	O
known	O
the	O
pilot	O
took	O
a	O
wrong	O
turn	O
.	O


An	O
unexpected	O
surge	O
in	O
the	O
unemployment	O
lines	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Myron	B-PERSON
Kandel	I-PERSON
at	O
the	O
cnnfn	B-ORG
newsdesk	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
.	O


New	O
claims	O
for	O
jobless	O
benefits	O
are	O
moving	O
upward	O
.	O


First	B-ORDINAL
time	O
claims	O
jumped	O
by	O
7,000	B-CARDINAL
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
surprising	O
analysts	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
four	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
average	O
hit	O
its	O
highest	O
level	O
since	O
January	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
report	O
shows	O
the	O
nation	O
's	O
tight	O
job	O
market	O
is	O
loosening	O
up	O
a	O
bit	O
,	O
but	O
still	O
unemployment	O
is	O
near	O
a	O
30	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
low	O
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
main	O
suspects	O
in	O
the	O
bombing	O
of	O
the	B-PRODUCT
``	I-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
could	O
be	O
charged	O
as	B-DATE
soon	I-DATE
as	I-DATE
Tuesday	I-DATE
,	O
according	O
to	O
Associated	B-ORG
Press	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
news	O
agency	O
is	O
quoting	O
a	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
source	O
who	O
says	O
the	O
investigators	O
have	O
wrapped	O
up	O
their	O
questioning	O
and	O
will	O
hand	O
the	O
case	O
over	O
to	O
prosecutors	O
.	O


The	O
suspects	O
could	O
be	O
executed	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
convicted	O
of	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O


The	O
explosion	O
in	O
Aden	B-LOC
Harbor	I-LOC
killed	O
17	B-CARDINAL
U.S.	B-GPE
sailors	O
and	O
injured	O
another	B-CARDINAL
39	I-CARDINAL
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


U.S.	B-GPE
investigators	O
suspect	O
the	O
terrorist	O
bombing	O
is	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
an	O
international	O
conspiracy	O
.	O


Nickelodeon	B-ORG
's	O
latest	O
cartoon	O
series	O
is	O
about	O
a	O
boy	O
with	O
a	O
disability	O
.	O


Gloria	B-PERSON
Hillard	I-PERSON
takes	O
a	O
look	O
at	O
what	O
the	O
show	O
``	O
Pelswick	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
means	O
to	O
some	O
children	O
.	O


Imagine	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
visit	O
Nickelodeon	B-ORG
to	O
see	O
how	O
they	O
make	O
cartoons	O
.	O


Here	O
's	O
the	O
Beavers	B-PERSON
and	O
all	O
his	O
friends	O
.	O


Cool	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
awesome	O
.	O


15	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
Nicky	B-PERSON
Barischoff	I-PERSON
and	O
12	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
Allison	B-PERSON
Gray	I-PERSON
are	O
best	O
friends	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
also	O
each	O
other	O
's	O
biggest	O
fans	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
the	O
singer	O
.	O


Like	O
,	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
sing	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
even	O
try	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
the	O
writer	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
the	O
writer	O
.	O


Nicky	B-PERSON
and	O
Allison	B-PERSON
also	O
have	O
cerebral	O
palsy	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
visit	O
to	O
Nickelodeon	B-ORG
coincides	O
with	O
the	O
network	O
's	O
debut	O
of	O
``	O
Pelswick	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
an	O
animated	O
series	O
about	O
a	O
13	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
boy	O
in	O
a	O
wheelchair	O
.	O


As	O
much	O
as	O
I	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
spend	O
every	O
day	O
after	O
school	O
sucking	O
up	O
to	O
teachers	O
instead	O
of	O
hanging	O
with	O
my	O
friends	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
this	O
job	O
.	O


The	O
series	O
is	O
created	O
by	O
nationally	O
syndicated	O
cartoonist	O
and	O
author	O
John	B-PERSON
Callahan	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
is	O
a	O
quadriplegic	O
.	O


We	O
just	O
felt	O
he	O
understands	O
how	O
to	O
reach	O
people	O
and	O
how	O
to	O
reach	O
kids	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
kids	O
lead	O
the	O
way	O
.	O


Kids	O
lead	O
the	O
way	O
in	O
diversity	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
're	O
very	O
accepting	O
of	O
other	O
kids	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
who	O
they	O
are	O
,	O
and	O
who	O
they	O
really	O
are	O
as	O
people	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
normal	O
people	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
Pelswick	B-PERSON
was	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
just	O
a	O
normal	O
kid	O
.	O


Fox	B-ORG
TV	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
``	B-WORK_OF_ART
Malcolm	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Middle	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	I-WORK_OF_ART
also	O
features	O
a	O
young	O
boy	O
who	O
uses	O
a	O
wheelchair	O
.	O


These	O
are	O
good	O
cookies	O
.	O


Yeah	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
good	O
.	O


Allison	B-PERSON
says	O
she	O
hopes	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
other	O
shows	O
that	O
feature	O
kids	O
like	O
her	O
.	O


That	O
way	O
--	O


I	O
'll	O
just	O
be	O
another	O
kid	O
in	O
a	O
classroom	O
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
best	O
friends	O
met	O
in	O
acting	O
school	O
.	O


Now	O
they	O
've	O
got	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
it	O
's	O
like	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
voice	O
actor	O
for	O
cartoons	O
.	O


Like	O
anyone	O
hearing	O
their	O
own	O
voice	O
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
they	O
giggled	O
a	O
lot	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
so	O
weird	O
.	O


And	O
when	O
they	O
heard	O
their	O
cartoon	O
voices	O
--	O


How	O
are	O
your	O
voices	O
sounding	O
in	O
there	O
?	O


I	O
'm	O
so	O
working	O
here	O
.	O


My	O
dream	O
is	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
playwright	O
,	O
an	O
actress	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
love	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
diva	O
.	O


And	O
those	O
dreams	O
were	O
a	O
little	O
closer	O
to	O
coming	O
true	O
this	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
with	O
shows	O
like	O
``	O
Pelswick	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
they	O
say	O
--	O
well	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
get	O
a	O
little	O
older	O
,	O
maybe	O
people	O
wo	O
n't	O
even	O
look	O
down	O
first	B-ORDINAL
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
down	O
here	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
up	O
here	O
.	O


Gloria	B-PERSON
Hillard	I-PERSON
,	O
``	O
CNN	B-WORK_OF_ART
Entertainment	I-WORK_OF_ART
News	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
.	O


Armed	O
conflict	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	B-LOC
puts	O
an	O
international	O
spotlight	O
on	O
a	O
Serb	B-NORP
leader	O
.	O


Bob	B-PERSON
Glascoff	I-PERSON
looks	O
at	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
rise	O
to	O
power	O
,	O
and	O
his	O
recent	O
political	O
setback	O
,	O
in	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
edition	O
of	O
``	O
Headliners	B-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


In	O
December	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
1990	I-DATE
,	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
is	O
elected	O
President	O
in	O
Serbia	B-GPE
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
free	O
elections	O
in	O
50	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Milosevic	B-PERSON
headed	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
's	O
state	O
-	O
run	O
gas	O
company	O
and	O
was	O
President	O
of	O
a	O
major	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
bank	O
climbing	O
the	O
political	O
ladder	O
as	O
a	O
Communist	B-NORP
technocrat	O
.	O


He	O
used	O
his	O
rising	O
popularity	O
amongst	O
the	O
Serb	B-NORP
people	O
to	O
oust	O
former	O
mentor	O
Ivan	B-PERSON
Stambolic	I-PERSON
and	O
take	O
over	O
as	O
President	O
of	O
the	O
Serbian	B-NORP
republic	O
.	O


His	O
brutal	O
efforts	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
Serb	B-NORP
-	O
dominated	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
earned	O
him	O
the	O
nickname	O
``	O
Butcher	O
of	O
the	O
Balkans	O
.	O
''	O


Many	O
speculated	O
that	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
parents	O
and	O
uncle	O
committed	O
suicide	O
,	O
might	O
be	O
mentally	O
unbalanced	O
himself	O
.	O


Constitutionally	O
barred	O
from	O
serving	O
a	O
third	B-ORDINAL
term	O
as	O
Serbian	B-NORP
President	O
,	O
he	O
clung	O
to	O
power	O
by	O
having	O
the	O
federal	O
parliament	O
elect	O
him	O
President	O
of	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
.	O


Milosevic	B-PERSON
was	O
defeated	O
by	O
opposition	O
leader	O
Vojislave	B-PERSON
Kostunica	I-PERSON
in	O
presidential	O
elections	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
refused	O
to	O
accept	O
the	O
results	O
.	O


Faced	O
with	O
massive	O
demonstrations	O
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
's	O
backing	O
of	O
Kostunica	B-PERSON
,	O
he	O
agreed	O
to	O
step	O
down	O
in	O
October	B-DATE
.	O


With	O
``	O
Headliners	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
I	O
'm	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Glascoff	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
damaged	O
``	O
USS	B-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	O
comes	O
home	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


It	O
's	O
due	O
to	O
arrive	O
in	O
Pascagoula	B-GPE
,	O
Mississippi	B-GPE
,	O
this	O
morning	O
.	O


The	O
destroyer	O
was	O
christened	O
there	O
five	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


Repairs	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
cost	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
240	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Yemeni	B-NORP
and	O
U.S.	B-GPE
authorities	O
are	O
still	O
investigating	O
the	O
October	B-DATE
bombing	O
.	O


17	B-CARDINAL
sailors	O
were	O
killed	O
.	O


Yemen	B-GPE
's	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
says	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
three	I-CARDINAL
Yemenis	B-NORP
will	O
go	O
on	O
trial	O
next	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
in	O
connection	O
with	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
suspected	O
of	O
belonging	O
to	O
an	O
international	O
terrorist	O
network	O
.	O


Al	B-PERSON
Gore	I-PERSON
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
the	O
next	O
U.S.	B-GPE
President	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
has	O
a	O
slim	O
chance	O
of	O
becoming	O
the	O
next	O
President	O
at	O
Harvard	B-ORG
.	O


Gore	B-PERSON
holds	O
a	O
degree	O
from	O
the	O
university	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
about	B-CARDINAL
500	I-CARDINAL
people	O
nominated	O
for	O
the	O
job	O
.	O


A	O
school	O
official	O
talked	O
about	O
the	O
Vice	O
President	O
's	O
chances	O
during	O
an	O
interview	O
with	O
``	B-ORG
the	I-ORG
Boston	I-ORG
Globe	I-ORG
.	O
''	O


He	O
says	O
it	O
's	O
unlikely	O
Gore	B-PERSON
will	O
be	O
selected	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
enough	O
experience	O
in	O
the	O
academic	O
world	O
.	O


Checking	O
the	O
top	O
stories	O
--	O
this	O
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
busiest	O
travel	B-DATE
weekends	I-DATE
of	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


AAA	B-ORG
estimates	O
61	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
Americans	B-NORP
will	O
be	O
heading	O
somewhere	O
between	O
this	B-DATE
weekend	I-DATE
and	O
New	B-DATE
Year	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
.	O


That	O
's	O
two	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
more	O
than	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Holiday	O
shoppers	O
across	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
are	O
flocking	O
to	O
malls	O
this	B-DATE
weekend	I-DATE
to	O
complete	O
their	O
lists	O
and	O
find	O
last	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
minute	I-TIME
items	O
.	O


In	O
spite	O
of	O
warnings	O
that	O
consumers	O
are	O
spending	O
less	O
this	B-DATE
season	I-DATE
,	O
officials	O
from	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Retail	I-ORG
Federation	I-ORG
say	O
most	O
merchants	O
will	O
turn	O
in	O
a	O
respectable	O
holiday	O
showing	O
.	O


And	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
met	O
with	O
Israeli	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
peace	O
negotiators	O
today	B-DATE
to	O
decide	O
his	O
next	O
move	O
in	O
pushing	O
for	O
a	O
Mideast	B-LOC
peace	O
agreement	O
.	O


The	O
trial	O
of	O
two	B-CARDINAL
Libyans	B-NORP
accused	O
of	O
bombing	O
Pam	B-ORG
Am	I-ORG
Flight	O
103	B-CARDINAL
over	O
Lockerbie	B-GPE
,	O
Scotland	B-GPE
,	O
is	O
entering	O
its	O
final	O
stage	O
.	O


The	O
trial	O
resumed	O
in	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
today	O
after	O
a	O
month	B-DATE
-	O
long	O
delay	O
.	O


Testimony	O
abruptly	O
came	O
to	O
a	O
close	O
when	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
defendants	O
scrapped	O
plans	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
witness	O
stand	O
.	O


Closing	O
arguments	O
are	O
scheduled	O
for	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
men	O
are	O
charged	O
with	O
murder	O
and	O
conspiracy	O
in	O
connection	O
with	O
the	O
1988	B-DATE
bombing	O
that	O
killed	O
270	B-CARDINAL
people	O
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
is	O
going	O
prime	O
time	O
tonight	B-TIME
to	O
bid	O
farewell	O
to	O
Americans	B-NORP
in	O
a	O
televised	O
address	O
.	O


The	O
speech	O
is	O
being	O
billed	O
as	O
a	O
thank	O
-	O
you	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
twice	O
voted	O
him	O
into	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
and	O
supported	O
him	O
even	O
at	O
his	O
lowest	O
moments	O
.	O


Yesterday	B-DATE
,	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
spoke	O
to	O
supporters	O
in	O
his	O
home	O
state	O
of	O
Arkansas	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
was	O
the	O
last	O
of	O
several	O
speeches	O
he	O
has	O
made	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
to	O
his	O
backers	O
across	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


The	O
chief	O
U.N.	B-ORG
war	O
crimes	O
prosecutor	O
has	O
arrived	O
in	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
to	O
demand	O
the	O
extradition	O
of	O
former	O
President	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
.	O


Carla	B-PERSON
Ponte	I-PERSON
is	O
expected	O
to	O
meet	O
today	B-DATE
with	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
's	O
successor	O
,	O
Vojislav	B-PERSON
Kostunica	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
critic	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
War	I-ORG
Crimes	I-ORG
Tribunal	I-ORG
at	O
The	B-GPE
Hague	I-GPE
.	O


He	O
's	O
suggested	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
and	O
others	O
stand	O
trial	O
in	O
a	O
Yugoslav	B-NORP
court	O
.	O


Kostunica	B-PERSON
said	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
and	O
others	O
should	O
be	O
tried	O
in	O
a	O
Yugoslav	B-NORP
court	O
.	O


Lawyers	O
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
are	O
trying	O
to	O
keep	O
their	O
client	O
from	O
becoming	O
the	O
300th	B-ORDINAL
person	O
executed	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
since	O
1982	B-DATE
,	O
when	O
Texas	B-GPE
resumed	O
capital	O
punishment	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
asking	O
the	B-ORG
Supreme	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
to	O
block	O
tonight	B-TIME
's	O
scheduled	O
execution	O
of	O
Delma	B-PERSON
Banks	I-PERSON
.	O


Banks	B-PERSON
was	O
convicted	O
of	O
shooting	O
and	O
killing	O
a	O
16	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
at	O
a	O
park	O
in	O
1980	B-DATE
.	O


His	O
lawyers	O
say	O
his	O
trial	O
attorney	O
did	O
a	O
bad	O
job	O
and	O
the	O
prosecutors	O
improperly	O
kept	O
African	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
Americans	I-NORP
off	O
his	O
jury	O
.	O


He	O
'd	O
be	O
the	O
11th	B-ORDINAL
killer	O
put	O
to	O
death	O
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


A	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
terrorist	O
leader	O
wanted	O
for	O
a	O
deadly	O
1985	B-DATE
cruise	O
ship	O
hijacking	O
is	O
in	O
U.S.	B-GPE
custody	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


U.S.	B-GPE
sources	O
tell	O
CNN	B-ORG
Mohammed	B-PERSON
``	I-PERSON
Abu	I-PERSON
''	I-PERSON
Abbas	I-PERSON
was	O
captured	O
about	B-QUANTITY
50	I-QUANTITY
miles	I-QUANTITY
west	O
of	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


Palestinian	B-NORP
sources	O
say	O
he	O
had	O
tried	O
to	O
flee	O
into	O
Syria	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
was	O
turned	O
away	O
at	O
the	O
border	O
.	O


In	O
October	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
1985	I-DATE
,	O
four	B-CARDINAL
hijackers	O
under	O
his	O
command	O
took	O
over	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
cruise	O
ship	O
``	B-PRODUCT
Achille	I-PRODUCT
Lauro	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
and	O
killed	O
a	O
wheelchair	O
-	O
bound	O
American	B-NORP
tourist	O
,	O
Leo	B-PERSON
Klinghoffer	I-PERSON
.	O


Abbas	B-PERSON
was	O
convicted	O
in	O
absentia	O
by	O
an	O
Italian	B-NORP
court	O
and	O
sentenced	O
to	O
five	B-CARDINAL
life	O
terms	O
in	O
prison	O
.	O


And	O
the	B-ORG
Dixie	I-ORG
Chicks	I-ORG
open	O
their	O
U.S.	B-GPE
tour	O
tomorrow	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
in	O
Greenville	B-GPE
,	O
South	B-GPE
Carolina	I-GPE
.	O


The	O
popular	O
band	O
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
within	O
country	O
music	O
circles	O
for	O
comments	O
by	O
lead	O
singer	O
Natalie	B-PERSON
Maines	I-PERSON
.	O


She	O
said	O
she	O
was	O
embarrassed	O
to	O
be	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
state	O
as	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
.	O


She	O
has	O
since	O
apologized	O
for	O
her	O
remarks	O
.	O


Hmm	O
,	O
those	B-ORG
Dixie	I-ORG
Chicks	I-ORG
.	O


Speaking	O
of	O
chicks	O
--	O
call	O
it	O
puppy	O
love	O
,	O
call	O
it	O
maternal	O
instinct	O
,	O
but	O
,	O
mostly	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
ordinary	O
.	O


Andrea	B-PERSON
Ash	I-PERSON
from	O
Kezi	B-ORG
in	O
Portland	B-GPE
has	O
this	O
story	O
of	O
chicken	O
that	O
decided	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
new	O
day	O
job	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


People	O
have	O
long	O
struggled	O
with	O
the	O
question	O
,	O
Why	O
did	O
the	O
chicken	O
cross	O
the	O
road	O
?	O
-	O
but	O
all	O
the	O
Scott	B-PERSON
family	O
wants	O
to	O
know	O
is	O
,	O
Why	O
did	O
a	O
chicken	O
adopt	O
their	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
new	O
puppies	O
?	O


Every	O
time	O
we	O
looked	O
out	O
our	O
window	O
it	O
was	O
like	O
,	O
What	O
is	O
she	O
doing	O
in	O
there	O
?	O


It	O
looks	O
so	O
out	O
of	O
place	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
funny	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


The	O
puppies	O
were	O
born	O
Easter	B-DATE
Sunday	I-DATE
.	O


Soon	O
after	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
family	O
's	O
three	B-CARDINAL
chickens	O
flew	O
the	O
coop	O
and	O
took	O
up	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
crate	O
built	O
especially	O
for	O
the	O
puppies	O
.	O


They	O
goes	O
in	O
there	O
and	O
nuzzles	O
with	O
the	O
puppies	O
,	O
or	O
lays	O
her	O
eggs	O
and	O
sits	O
there	O
with	O
the	O
mother	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
just	O
all	O
happy	O
,	O
a	O
little	O
family	O
in	O
there	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


At	O
first	O
the	O
sight	O
shocked	O
the	O
Scott	B-PERSON
family	O
.	O


They	O
tried	O
to	O
shoo	O
the	O
hen	O
away	O
but	O
she	O
kept	O
coming	O
back	O
,	O
even	O
putting	O
up	O
baby	O
gates	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
chicken	O
out	O
.	O


No	O
match	O
for	O
her	O
.	O


She	O
simply	O
flew	O
over	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
got	O
past	O
the	O
puppies	O
'	O
protective	O
father	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
going	O
to	O
sit	O
with	O
these	O
punies	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


The	O
Scotts	B-PERSON
ran	O
it	O
past	O
their	O
vet	O
and	O
the	O
vet	O
assured	O
them	O
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
the	O
hen	O
left	O
her	O
crate	O
to	O
do	O
business	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
no	O
harm	O
to	O
the	O
pup	O
.	O


The	O
family	O
says	O
the	O
chicken	O
keeps	O
the	O
place	O
clean	O
,	O
so	O
she	O
's	O
free	O
to	O
stay	O
.	O


A	O
pretty	O
good	O
relationship	O
with	O
that	O
chicken	O
.	O


She	O
does	O
n't	O
mind	O
them	O
crawling	O
around	O
underneath	O
her	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


When	O
the	O
mom	O
comes	O
in	O
,	O
the	O
puppies	O
know	O
exactly	O
where	O
to	O
go	O
for	O
milk	O
--	O
sort	O
of	O
a	O
little	O
confusion	O
.	O


The	O
pups	O
do	O
n't	O
exactly	O
know	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
fur	O
and	O
feathers	O
yet	O
.	O


After	O
all	O
,	O
they	O
're	O
only	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
.	O


Eventually	O
they	O
all	O
find	O
the	O
real	O
mom	O
.	O


No	O
one	O
knows	O
what	O
will	O
happen	O
as	O
the	O
pups	O
grow	O
older	O
and	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
open	O
their	O
eyes	O
.	O


Chances	O
are	O
,	O
they	O
'll	O
always	O
have	O
a	O
fondness	O
from	O
one	O
hen	O
.	O


Those	O
puppies	O
are	O
in	O
for	O
a	O
heck	O
of	O
a	O
surprise	O
when	O
they	O
do	O
open	O
their	O
eyes	O
,	O
are	O
n't	O
they	O
?	O


The	O
puppies	O
come	O
home	O
to	O
roost	O
!	O


That	O
's	O
a	O
good	O
one	O
.	O


That	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
story	O
.	O


We	O
'll	O
try	O
to	O
follow	O
that	O
in	O
our	O
next	O
half	O
hour	O
.	O


We	O
'll	O
tell	O
you	O
what	O
the	O
FTC	B-ORG
is	O
doing	O
to	O
crack	O
down	O
on	O
internet	O
auction	O
fraud	O
.	O


That	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
stories	O
in	O
just	B-TIME
two	I-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Mike	B-PERSON
Galanos	I-PERSON
.	O


And	O
I	O
'm	O
Rudi	B-PERSON
Bakhtiar	I-PERSON
.	O


We	O
leave	O
you	O
with	O
sounds	O
from	O
Willie	B-PERSON
Nelson	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
country	O
legend	O
is	O
celebrating	O
his	O
70th	B-ORDINAL
birthday	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
CNN	B-ORG
``	O
Headline	O
News	O
Tonight	O
.	O
''	O


Welcome	O
and	O
good	O
evening	B-TIME
,	O
everyone	O
.	O


Mike	B-PERSON
is	O
off	O
tonight	O
.	O


To	O
our	O
top	O
story	O
of	O
the	O
evening	B-TIME
--	O
Martha	B-PERSON
Stewart	I-PERSON
is	O
stepping	O
down	O
as	O
head	O
of	O
her	O
media	O
empire	O
.	O


She	O
announced	O
her	O
decision	O
to	O
vacate	O
her	O
post	O
as	O
chief	O
executive	O
of	O
Martha	B-ORG
Stewart	I-ORG
Living	I-ORG
Omnimedia	I-ORG
,	O
following	O
word	O
of	O
a	O
federal	O
indictment	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
statement	O
,	O
she	O
says	O
she	O
's	O
stepping	O
aside	O
in	O
the	O
best	O
interest	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
,	O
but	O
she	O
will	O
stay	O
on	O
the	O
board	O
of	O
directors	O
.	O


Stewart	B-PERSON
pleaded	O
not	O
guilty	O
to	O
a	O
nine	B-CARDINAL
-	O
count	O
indictment	O
.	O


The	O
charges	O
include	O
conspiracy	O
to	O
obstruct	O
justice	O
and	O
perjury	O
connected	O
to	O
an	O
insider	O
trading	O
scandal	O
.	O


The	O
government	O
also	O
filed	O
civil	O
charges	O
against	O
her	O
.	O


She	O
is	O
charged	O
with	O
using	O
insider	O
information	O
to	O
bail	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
biotech	O
stock	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
before	I-DATE
its	O
price	O
tanked	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
trying	O
to	O
cover	O
it	O
up	O
.	O


Her	O
stockbroker	O
was	O
also	O
charged	O
.	O


If	O
convicted	O
on	O
all	O
counts	O
,	O
Stewart	B-PERSON
faces	O
up	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
prison	O
and	O
$	B-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
fines	O
.	O


It	O
looks	O
like	O
an	O
annual	B-DATE
tradition	O
is	O
building	O
.	O


80,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
with	O
a	O
shared	O
love	O
of	O
music	O
converge	O
on	O
a	O
Tennessee	B-GPE
pasture	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
good	O
vibes	O
and	O
who	O
knows	O
what	O
else	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
called	O
Bonnaroo	B-EVENT
.	O


Check	O
it	O
out	O
.	O


Bonnaroo	B-EVENT
is	O
kind	O
of	O
this	O
going	O
example	O
of	O
what	O
the	O
whole	O
jam	O
band	O
community	O
is	O
turned	O
in	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
what	O
I	O
really	O
like	O
about	O
the	O
jam	O
community	O
,	O
its	O
acceptance	O
of	O
improvizational	O
music	O
,	O
despite	O
whatever	O
region	O
or	O
genre	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
about	O
the	O
freedom	O
of	O
the	O
music	O
and	O
the	O
freedom	O
of	O
expression	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
we	O
sold	O
all	O
80,000	B-CARDINAL
tickets	O
through	O
our	O
web	O
site	O
.	O


We	O
sold	O
out	O
in	O
16	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


I	O
mean	O
,	O
the	O
amazing	O
thing	O
is	O
,	O
we	O
used	O
no	O
traditional	O
advertising	O
.	O


We	O
put	O
all	O
these	O
bands	O
together	O
.	O


It	O
draws	O
a	O
huge	O
audience	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
record	O
companies	O
and	O
the	O
music	O
business	O
has	O
to	O
take	O
all	O
of	O
these	O
forms	O
of	O
music	O
more	O
seriously	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
like	O
strength	O
in	O
numbers	O
.	O


I	O
hope	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
thing	O
can	O
happen	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
,	O
instead	O
of	O
it	O
just	O
being	O
these	O
isolated	O
festivals	O
like	O
Bonnaroo	B-EVENT
,	O
it	O
really	O
can	O
happen	O
in	O
100	B-CARDINAL
cities	O
every	O
summer	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
festivals	O
do	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O


My	O
only	O
complaint	O
is	O
the	O
overlapping	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
music	O
lover	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
,	O
there	O
's	O
five	B-CARDINAL
acts	O
all	O
playing	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
on	O
five	B-CARDINAL
different	O
stages	O
that	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


It	O
really	O
comes	O
from	O
the	O
actual	O
bands	O
and	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
there	O
's	O
this	O
grassroots	O
following	O
that	O
's	O
been	O
there	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
,	O
primarily	O
started	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Grateful	I-ORG
Dead	I-ORG
,	O
at	O
least	O
the	O
future	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Grateful	I-ORG
Dead	I-ORG
.	O


We	O
will	O
get	O
by	O
we	O
will	O
survive	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
carrying	O
on	O
a	O
tradition	O
that	O
started	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O


In	O
American	B-NORP
music	O
,	O
improvization	O
is	O
what	O
it	O
's	O
always	O
been	O
about	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
just	O
clapping	O
and	O
having	O
a	O
good	O
time	O
.	O


It	O
makes	O
you	O
feel	O
a	O
certain	O
kind	O
of	O
love	O
,	O
and	O
hopefully	O
,	O
that	O
translates	O
in	O
the	O
community	O
.	O


You	O
go	O
out	O
.	O


You	O
hug	O
someone	O
.	O


You	O
do	O
something	O
good	O
.	O


You	O
make	O
a	O
better	O
world	O
.	O


For	O
me	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
music	O
.	O


We	O
love	O
you	O
.	O


We	O
--	O


Another	O
story	O
out	O
of	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
,	O
violence	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
form	O
.	O


The	O
Serbian	B-NORP
Prime	O
Minister	O
,	O
Zoran	B-PERSON
Djindjic	I-PERSON
has	O
died	O
of	O
his	O
wounds	O
after	O
being	O
shot	O
,	O
an	O
assassination	O
attempt	O
.	O


Apparently	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
on	O
his	O
way	O
to	O
greet	O
reporters	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
outside	O
the	O
main	O
government	O
office	O
there	O
in	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
.	O


All	O
this	O
happening	O
about	B-TIME
90	I-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
ago	I-TIME
based	O
on	O
the	O
wire	O
reports	O
we	O
're	O
getting	O
here	O
.	O


The	O
word	O
from	O
Serbia	B-GPE
,	O
Zoran	B-PERSON
Djindjic	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
,	O
is	O
dead	O
.	O


Earlier	O
reports	O
said	O
he	O
was	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
back	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
stomach	O
.	O


USAirways	B-ORG
is	O
flying	O
its	O
way	O
out	O
of	O
bankruptcy	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
which	O
lost	O
nearly	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
4	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
over	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
has	O
cut	O
its	O
annual	B-DATE
costs	O
by	O
nearly	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


Most	O
of	O
that	O
was	O
saved	O
by	O
cutting	O
employee	O
wages	O
and	O
benefits	O
.	O


The	O
Dow	O
is	O
down	O
,	O
you	O
see	O
there	O
,	O
just	O
about	O
almost	B-CARDINAL
140	I-CARDINAL
points	O
.	O


Nasdaq	O
down	O
20	B-CARDINAL
and	O
the	O
S&P	O
is	O
down	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
markets	O
are	O
continuing	O
their	O
negative	O
trend	O
from	O
last	O
week	O
.	O


We	O
'll	O
keep	O
our	O
eye	O
on	O
that	O
.	O


Coming	O
up	O
right	O
here	O
,	O
next	O
hour	O
on	O
Live	B-WORK_OF_ART
From	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
terror	O
tactics	O
on	O
the	O
battlefield	O
.	O


Is	O
it	O
a	O
taste	O
of	O
more	O
to	O
come	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
?	O


We	O
'll	O
talk	O
with	O
a	O
terror	O
expert	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
deserters	O
on	O
the	O
northern	O
front	O
,	O
Ben	B-PERSON
Wedeman	I-PERSON
has	O
their	O
story	O
why	O
they	O
're	O
no	O
longer	O
fighting	O
for	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
and	O
Don	B-PERSON
Shepperd	I-PERSON
is	O
going	O
to	O
answer	O
some	O
of	O
your	O
questions	O
as	O
he	O
looks	O
at	O
the	O
battle	O
hot	O
spots	O
.	O


Now	O
let	O
's	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
Wolf	B-PERSON
Blitzer	I-PERSON
in	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
for	O
more	O
special	O
coverage	O
of	O
the	O
war	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Central	B-ORG
Command	I-ORG
has	O
determined	O
that	O
Baghdad	B-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
is	O
unusable	O
for	O
normal	O
air	O
operations	O
.	O


The	O
airport	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
,	O
is	O
now	O
under	O
U.S.	B-GPE
control	O
.	O


Military	O
officials	O
will	O
not	O
say	O
whether	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
runways	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
limit	O
operation	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
know	O
there	O
are	O
underground	O
bunkers	O
there	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
areas	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
use	O
.	O


Centcom	B-ORG
also	O
says	O
2500	B-CARDINAL
Republican	B-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
troops	O
have	O
surrendered	O
to	O
U.S.	B-NORP
Marines	I-NORP
between	O
Kut	B-GPE
and	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


Military	O
officials	O
say	O
the	O
Baghdad	B-ORG
Republican	I-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
division	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
effective	O
fighting	O
force	O
.	O


A	O
federal	O
appeals	O
court	O
will	O
decide	O
how	O
long	O
dirty	O
bomb	O
suspect	O
Jose	B-PERSON
Padilla	I-PERSON
can	O
be	O
retained	O
and	O
whether	O
he	O
can	O
meet	O
with	O
attorneys	O
.	O


The	O
U.S.	B-GPE
attorney	O
says	O
Padilla	B-PERSON
is	O
an	O
enemy	O
combattant	O
and	O
not	O
entitled	O
to	O
counsel	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
accused	O
of	O
attempting	O
to	O
ignite	O
a	O
dirty	O
bomb	O
in	O
this	O
country	O
.	O


All	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
many	O
young	O
faces	O
that	O
bear	O
the	O
heavy	O
mark	O
of	O
war	O
.	O


The	O
story	O
of	O
one	B-CARDINAL
boy	O
who	O
's	O
lucky	O
enough	O
to	O
be	O
alive	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Mary	B-PERSON
Snow	I-PERSON
with	O
this	O
check	O
of	O
headlines	O
.	O


American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
fate	O
is	O
hanging	O
on	O
its	O
flight	O
attendant	O
's	O
union	O
,	O
its	O
narrowly	O
rejected	O
union	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


If	O
the	O
workers	O
do	O
n't	O
approve	O
the	O
steep	O
cutbacks	O
American	B-ORG
says	O
it	O
will	O
file	O
for	O
bankruptcy	O
.	O


Yesterday	B-DATE
American	B-ORG
pilots	O
mechanics	O
approved	O
their	O
share	O
$	B-MONEY
1.8	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
labor	O
concession	O
.	O


American	B-ORG
warns	O
it	O
will	O
seek	O
more	O
layoffs	O
if	O
it	O
does	O
file	O
for	O
Chapter	B-LAW
11	I-LAW
.	O


Number	O
of	O
companies	O
are	O
planning	O
to	O
cut	O
their	O
payrolls	O
.	O


Motorola	B-ORG
saying	O
it	O
will	O
eliminate	O
another	O
3,000	B-CARDINAL
jobs	O
,	O
3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
work	O
force	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
latest	O
numbers	O
on	O
the	O
Dow	O
.	O


Wall	B-ORG
Street	I-ORG
stocks	O
are	O
mixed	O
.	O


The	O
Dow	O
industrials	O
down	O
64	B-QUANTITY
points	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Nasdaq	O
up	O
about	O
13	B-QUANTITY
points	I-QUANTITY
.	O


That	O
's	O
the	O
latest	O
from	O
Wall	B-FAC
Street	I-FAC
.	O


CNN	B-WORK_OF_ART
Live	I-WORK_OF_ART
Today	I-WORK_OF_ART
continues	O
after	O
this	O
.	O


Breaking	O
news	O
out	O
of	O
Long	B-GPE
Beach	I-GPE
,	O
a	O
situation	O
with	O
a	O
standoff	O
involving	O
a	O
2	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
and	O
a	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
gun	O
,	O
this	O
one	O
having	O
a	O
peaceful	O
ending	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
near	O
the	B-FAC
Long	I-FAC
Beach	I-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
and	O
involved	O
a	O
city	O
bus	O
.	O


A	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
assault	O
,	O
he	O
actually	O
had	O
assault	O
with	O
a	O
deadly	O
weapon	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
pictures	O
.	O


Look	O
at	O
that	O
.	O


Man	O
spread	O
-	O
eagle	O
with	O
a	O
two	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
child	O
.	O


The	O
officer	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
go	O
in	O
and	O
swoop	O
her	O
away	O
.	O


As	O
we	O
understand	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
man	O
had	O
the	O
child	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
inside	O
of	O
the	O
city	O
bus	O
.	O


Police	O
surrounded	O
this	O
bus	O
near	O
the	O
airport	O
with	O
guns	O
drawn	O
.	O


The	O
man	O
came	O
out	O
and	O
did	O
the	O
spread	O
-	O
eagle	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


Just	O
as	O
he	O
did	O
that	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
when	O
you	O
saw	O
the	O
child	O
just	O
walking	O
just	B-QUANTITY
a	I-QUANTITY
few	I-QUANTITY
feet	I-QUANTITY
away	O
from	O
him	O
but	O
the	O
officers	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
child	O
away	O
.	O


They	O
handcuffed	O
the	O
man	O
and	O
they	O
took	O
him	O
into	O
custody	O
.	O


That	O
was	O
after	O
he	O
had	O
actually	O
barricaded	O
himself	O
inside	O
that	O
bus	O
with	O
the	O
child	O
.	O


So	O
that	O
one	O
coming	O
to	O
a	O
peaceful	O
ending	O
,	O
what	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
very	O
gruesome	O
situation	O
involving	O
that	O
two	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
child	O
in	O
Southern	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


That	O
one	O
is	O
over	O
in	O
Long	B-GPE
Beach	I-GPE
.	O


Some	O
U.S.	B-GPE
troops	O
have	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
call	O
home	O
since	O
they	O
were	O
deployed	O
for	O
duty	O
in	O
``	O
Operation	B-EVENT
Iraqi	I-EVENT
Freedom	I-EVENT
.	O
''	O


For	O
some	O
wives	O
,	O
the	O
kindness	O
of	O
strangers	O
has	O
eased	O
their	O
worries	O
.	O


Beth	B-PERSON
Basin	I-PERSON
explains	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Jamie	B-PERSON
's	O
husband	O
Jack	B-PERSON
was	O
deployed	O
a	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


She	O
and	O
her	O
daughter	O
Jordan	B-PERSON
often	O
shuffle	O
through	O
these	O
pictures	O
of	O
him	O
taken	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
.	O


She	O
has	O
no	O
idea	O
where	O
her	O
husband	O
is	O
now	O
,	O
but	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
little	O
help	O
from	O
a	O
Delta	B-ORG
flight	O
attendant	O
,	O
she	O
knew	O
he	O
got	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
going	O
.	O


She	O
had	O
taken	O
a	O
picture	O
of	O
him	O
and	O
everything	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Along	O
with	O
the	O
picture	O
,	O
the	O
flight	O
attendant	O
wrote	O
a	O
letter	O
saying	O
she	O
was	O
praying	O
for	O
Jack	B-PERSON
's	O
safe	O
return	O
.	O


The	O
trip	O
to	O
Georgia	B-GPE
was	O
just	O
the	O
first	O
leg	O
.	O


He	O
got	O
on	O
a	O
flight	O
to	O
an	O
undisclosed	O
location	O
,	O
when	O
Jamie	B-PERSON
got	O
a	O
second	B-ORDINAL
phone	O
call	O
from	O
a	O
flight	O
attendant	O
.	O


He	O
asked	O
us	O
to	O
call	O
you	O
to	O
let	O
you	O
know	O
he	O
's	O
okay	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
he	O
whipped	O
out	O
pictures	O
of	O
our	O
kids	O
and	O
everything	O
and	O
showed	O
all	O
the	O
family	O
pictures	O
and	O
stuff	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Jamie	B-PERSON
is	O
not	O
the	O
only	O
military	O
wife	O
who	O
received	O
a	O
photo	O
and	O
letter	O
.	O


Her	O
friend	O
Anna	B-PERSON
also	O
got	O
one	O
.	O


Turns	O
out	O
Anna	B-PERSON
's	O
husband	O
flew	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
flight	O
as	O
Jack	B-PERSON
.	O


Although	O
a	O
small	O
gesture	O
,	O
Anna	B-PERSON
says	O
it	O
's	O
meant	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
.	O


It	O
made	O
me	O
realize	O
that	O
someone	O
out	O
there	O
does	O
care	O
about	O
my	O
husband	O
and	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
military	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
all	O
anti-war	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Even	O
though	O
neither	O
of	O
the	O
women	O
have	O
ever	O
met	O
the	O
flight	O
attendants	O
,	O
they	O
say	O
they	O
'll	O
never	O
forget	O
their	O
act	O
of	O
kindness	O
.	O


We	O
get	O
thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
e-mail	O
from	O
our	O
viewers	O
every	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
.	O


Here	O
's	O
what	O
some	O
of	O
you	O
are	O
saying	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
our	O
coverage	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
stories	O
is	O
concerned	O
.	O


William	B-PERSON
writes	O
this	O
--	O


Please	O
continue	O
to	O
write	O
to	O
us	O
.	O


We	O
love	O
hearing	O
from	O
you	O
.	O


Just	O
go	O
to	O
our	O
Website	O
,	O
cnn.com/wolf	O
.	O


We	O
read	O
all	O
of	O
your	O
e-mail	O
.	O


Much	O
more	O
coverage	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
--	O


Welcome	O
back	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
standing	O
by	O
for	O
the	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
press	O
briefing	O
.	O


Ari	B-PERSON
Fleischer	I-PERSON
expected	O
to	O
come	O
into	O
the	O
West	B-FAC
Wing	I-FAC
briefing	O
room	O
to	O
brief	O
reporters	O
on	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
subjects	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
all	O
getting	O
,	O
this	O
news	O
in	O
from	O
the	O
speech	O
that	O
the	O
Homeland	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Secretary	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Ridge	I-PERSON
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
delivering	O
at	O
the	O
international	O
press	O
club	O
around	O
1:00	B-TIME
Eastern	I-TIME
at	O
the	B-TIME
top	I-TIME
of	I-TIME
the	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
.	O


We	O
're	O
expecting	O
that	O
the	O
Homeland	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Secretary	O
will	O
announce	O
,	O
that	O
this	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
lawyer	O
,	O
who	O
provided	O
the	O
information	O
to	O
U.S.	B-GPE
military	O
authority	O
IES	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
granted	O
asylum	O
here	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
,	O
together	O
with	O
his	O
wife	O
and	O
daughter	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
currently	O
in	O
the	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	O
D.C.	B-GPE
area	O
.	O


An	O
official	O
tells	O
our	O
justice	O
producer	O
Terry	B-PERSON
Frieden	I-PERSON
.	O


So	O
that	O
development	O
important	O
.	O


Might	O
get	O
more	O
information	O
from	O
Secretary	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Ridge	I-PERSON
when	O
he	O
delivers	O
that	O
speech	O
over	O
at	O
the	O
press	O
club	O
in	O
the	B-TIME
next	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
.	O


We	O
'll	O
be	O
monitoring	O
that	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


We	O
also	O
have	O
an	O
update	O
on	O
that	O
disturbing	O
development	O
outside	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
,	O
about	B-QUANTITY
40	I-QUANTITY
miles	I-QUANTITY
or	O
so	O
outside	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
in	O
Fallujah	B-GPE
where	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
shootout	O
between	O
U.S.	B-GPE
troops	O
and	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
who	O
had	O
been	O
demonstrating	O
there	O
.	O


Karl	B-PERSON
Penhaul	I-PERSON
is	O
joining	O
us	O
live	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
with	O
more	O
.	O


First	O
of	O
all	O
,	O
Karl	B-PERSON
,	O
how	O
many	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
were	O
killed	O
in	O
that	O
incident	O
?	O


Back	O
to	O
the	O
scene	O
in	O
Orlando	B-GPE
Florida	B-GPE
.	O


We	O
were	O
here	O
moments	O
ago	O
where	O
the	O
man	O
in	O
the	O
green	O
in	O
the	O
forefront	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
there	O
,	O
the	O
former	O
POW	O
David	B-PERSON
Williams	I-PERSON
was	O
speaking	O
to	O
the	O
crowd	O
rather	O
emotionally	O
and	O
now	O
you	O
see	O
he	O
is	O
taking	O
down	O
the	O
black	O
and	O
white	O
POW	O
flag	O
.	O


I	O
wish	O
I	O
could	O
tell	O
you	O
which	O
site	O
this	O
flag	O
was	O
hoisted	O
in	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
the	O
pictures	O
coming	O
in	O
from	O
Central	O
Florida	B-GPE
,	O
News	B-ORG
13	I-ORG
.	O


This	O
is	O
that	B-FAC
City	I-FAC
Hall	I-FAC
in	O
Orlando	B-GPE
,	O
now	O
I	O
'm	O
being	O
told	O
.	O


Quite	O
an	O
emotional	O
scene	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
.	O


David	B-PERSON
Williams	I-PERSON
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
POWs	O
whose	O
face	O
we	O
got	O
to	O
know	O
in	O
the	O
coverage	O
that	O
we	O
saw	O
coming	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Other	O
POWs	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
after	O
they	O
were	O
captured	O
and	O
released	O
,	O
that	O
dramatic	O
release	O
that	O
Sunday	B-DATE
morning	B-TIME
when	O
they	O
were	O
picked	O
up	O
by	O
a	O
squadron	O
of	O
Marines	B-NORP
who	O
had	O
wandered	O
in	O
a	O
town	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
and	O
were	O
told	O
where	O
they	O
were	O
being	O
kept	O
.	O


Dramatic	O
rescue	O
and	O
then	O
a	O
return	O
home	O
.	O


Quite	O
an	O
emotional	O
experience	O
and	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
us	O
can	O
only	O
imagine	O
what	O
it	O
must	O
have	O
been	O
like	O
to	O
endure	O
.	O


As	O
we	O
said	O
,	O
quite	O
an	O
emotional	O
moment	O
in	O
Orlando	B-GPE
,	O
Florida	B-GPE
.	O


And	O
you	O
see	O
Apache	B-PRODUCT
helicopter	O
pilot	O
and	O
his	O
wife	O
Michelle	B-PERSON
who	O
was	O
talking	O
with	O
us	O
on	O
the	O
telephone	O
the	O
Sunday	B-DATE
morning	B-TIME
when	O
the	O
video	O
came	O
in	O
of	O
the	O
rescue	O
of	O
the	O
POWs	O
and	O
,	O
she	O
identified	O
her	O
husband	O
and	O
life	O
just	O
got	O
better	O
and	O
better	O
for	O
her	O
after	O
that	O
.	O


Moving	O
on	O
now	O
,	O
in	O
upstate	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
criminal	O
charges	O
have	O
been	O
filed	O
in	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
fraternity	O
hazing	O
death	O
at	O
Platsberg	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
.	O


11	B-CARDINAL
members	O
had	O
been	O
charged	O
with	O
negligent	O
homicide	O
for	O
forcing	O
18	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
pledge	O
Walter	B-PERSON
Dean	I-PERSON
Jenning	I-PERSON
to	O
drink	O
an	O
excessive	O
amount	O
of	O
water	O
.	O


The	O
fraternity	O
also	O
faces	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
150	I-CARDINAL
charges	O
for	O
other	O
hazing	O
activities	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
.	O


``	B-ORG
Vanity	I-ORG
Fair	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
''	I-ORG
columnist	O
Daniel	B-PERSON
Fair	I-PERSON
is	O
here	O
.	O


Quiting	O
in	O
the	O
June	B-DATE
edition	O
,	O
he	O
describes	O
the	O
journey	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
he	O
found	O
evidence	O
that	O
Hussein	B-PERSON
's	O
day	O
of	O
reckoning	O
well	O
overdue	O
.	O


Christopher	B-PERSON
Hitchens	I-PERSON
joins	O
us	O
from	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


Good	O
to	O
have	O
you	O
with	O
us	O
.	O


Thanks	O
for	O
having	O
me	O
.	O


Your	O
journey	O
,	O
particularly	O
to	O
southern	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
what	O
is	O
evoked	O
there	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
both	O
that	O
you	O
evoke	O
is	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
history	O
of	O
this	O
regime	O
.	O


Give	O
us	O
your	O
insights	O
as	O
to	O
what	O
you	O
think	O
the	O
future	O
holds	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
mean	O
if	O
I	O
start	O
with	O
the	O
Past	O
?	O


Not	O
at	O
you	O
will	O
.	O


Not	O
at	O
all	O
.	O


Not	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
trip	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
n't	O
up	O
the	O
sharp	O
end	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
n't	O
taking	O
risks	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
n't	O
in	O
a	O
position	O
that	O
my	O
dear	O
friend	O
was	O
in	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
killed	O
outside	O
Bagdad	B-GPE
airport	O
but	O
I	O
had	O
long	O
thought	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
in	O
the	O
previous	O
war	O
that	O
really	O
all	O
the	O
talk	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
about	O
the	O
rush	O
to	O
war	O
,	O
the	O
push	O
for	O
war	O
,	O
the	O
drive	O
for	O
war	O
,	O
all	O
that	O
propaganda	O
,	O
was	O
essentially	O
nonsensical	O
because	O
in	O
1990	B-DATE
,	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
made	O
the	O
only	O
self	O
criticism	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
I	O
could	O
either	O
invade	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
or	O
finish	O
developing	O
the	O
nuclear	O
weapon	O
.	O


Maybe	O
before	O
the	O
weapon	O
and	O
then	O
later	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
Oh	O
,	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
got	O
the	O
nuclear	O
weapon	O
before	O
I	O
invaded	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
right	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
means	O
that	O
he	O
inaugurated	O
at	O
that	O
point	O
like	O
a	O
dozen	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
war	O
where	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
could	O
be	O
criticized	O
for	O
doing	O
too	O
little	O
and	O
acting	O
too	O
slowly	O
but	O
all	O
we	O
're	O
arguing	O
about	O
lately	O
is	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
those	O
that	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
finished	O
in	O
`91	B-DATE
when	O
it	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
finished	O
.	O


Should	O
have	O
taken	O
the	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
rebels	O
then	O
,	O
taken	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
supporting	O
a	O
Shiite	B-NORP
insurrection	O
at	O
that	O
point	O
,	O
helping	O
the	O
Kurds	B-NORP
,	O
removing	O
the	O
regime	O
.	O


Absolutely	O
.	O


We	O
'd	O
be	O
11	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
into	O
nation	O
building	O
by	O
now	O
if	O
we	O
'd	O
done	O
that	O
.	O


That	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
the	O
argument	O
.	O


As	O
you	O
point	O
out	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
fact	O
of	O
the	O
matter	O
is	O
,	O
the	O
mistakes	O
of	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
made	O
possible	O
his	O
removal	O
from	O
power	O
ultimately	O
.	O


The	O
mistakes	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
,	O
again	O
,	O
as	O
you	O
point	O
out	O
,	O
Norman	B-PERSON
Schwarzkopf	I-PERSON
making	O
a	O
peace	O
,	O
permitting	O
helicopters	O
to	O
fly	O
.	O


Still	O
hurts	O
me	O
to	O
read	O
this	O
.	O


The	O
little	O
town	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
this	O
southern	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
I	O
got	O
,	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
boast	O
of	O
further	O
,	O
is	O
where	O
the	O
talks	O
took	O
place	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
the	O
transcript	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
.	O


They	O
say	O
,	O
Okay	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
lost	O
this	O
round	O
,	O
Do	O
you	O
mind	O
if	O
we	O
keep	O
your	O
helicopters	O
in	O
the	O
air	O
just	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
transport	O
things	O
?	O
and	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
Yeah	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
all	O
right	O
.	O


They	O
ask	O
again	O
,	O
Are	O
you	O
sure	O
they	O
mean	O
that	O
?	O


They	O
ca	O
n't	O
believe	O
the	O
luck	O
.	O


They	O
use	O
the	O
gunships	O
to	O
kill	O
,	O
we	O
think	O
,	O
not	B-CARDINAL
less	I-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
50,000	I-CARDINAL
inhabitants	O
of	O
southern	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
to	O
the	O
Kurds	B-NORP
,	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
knife	O
edge	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
just	O
being	O
wise	O
after	O
the	O
event	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
,	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
an	O
argument	O
in	O
realtime	O
between	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
members	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
's	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
I	O
know	O
that	O
changed	O
his	O
mind	O
.	O


Most	O
of	O
those	O
that	O
took	O
the	O
view	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
think	O
until	O
recently	O
they	O
were	O
correct	O
in	O
saving	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
was	O
in	O
the	O
chain	O
of	O
command	O
with	O
Swartzkopf	B-PERSON
and	O
--	O


Many	O
others	O
.	O


When	O
they	O
made	O
the	O
decision	O
not	O
to	O
move	O
toward	O
Bagdad	B-GPE
with	O
bad	O
information	O
,	O
namely	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Republican	I-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
absolutely	O
devastated	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
we	O
know	O
now	O
the	O
harvest	O
of	O
all	O
that	O
.	O


It	O
hurts	O
to	O
think	O
of	O
how	O
many	O
wonderful	O
people	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
at	O
the	O
academic	O
community	O
,	O
lawyers	O
,	O
human	O
rights	O
activists	O
,	O
civilians	O
,	O
intellectuals	O
,	O
people	O
--	O
would	O
now	O
be	O
alive	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
horribly	O
murdered	O
and	O
tortured	O
and	O
reduced	O
to	O
misery	O
since	O
by	O
a	O
half	O
application	O
of	O
violence	O
through	O
sanctions	O
and	O
overflights	O
.	O


Mistakes	O
made	O
then	O
,	O
mistakes	O
part	O
of	O
human	O
experience	O
,	O
but	O
now	O
we	O
have	O
an	O
opportunity	O
not	O
to	O
make	O
mistakes	O
.	O


Is	O
it	O
your	O
sense	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
is	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
track	O
?	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
commitment	O
here	O
on	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
to	O
--	O


Well	O
,	O
joining	O
us	O
now	O
,	O
the	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
William	B-PERSON
Donaldson	I-PERSON
.	O


MR.	O
chairman	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
good	O
to	O
have	O
you	O
here	O
.	O


Nice	O
to	O
be	O
here	O
,	O
Lou	B-PERSON
.	O


Let	O
's	O
start	O
with	O
that	O
surprise	O
,	O
the	O
malfeasance	O
that	O
is	O
crossing	O
your	O
desk	O
.	O


Are	O
you	O
suggesting	O
corporate	O
America	B-GPE
has	O
not	O
learned	O
its	O
lesson	O
yet	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
no	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
quote	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
out	O
of	O
context	O
there	O
.	O


there	O
are	O
15,000	B-CARDINAL
companies	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
,	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
great	O
bulk	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
very	O
honestly	O
managed	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
.	O


a	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
have	O
had	O
egregious	O
fraud	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
general	O
loosening	O
of	O
morals	O
across	O
the	O
board	O
.	O


What	O
I	O
was	O
referring	O
to	O
in	O
that	O
quote	O
you	O
had	O
was	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
cases	O
we	O
see	O
day	O
in	O
and	O
day	O
out	O
at	O
the	O
lowest	O
levels	O
,	O
scams	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
,	O
where	O
considerable	O
amounts	O
of	O
money	O
are	O
being	O
made	O
and	O
lost	O
by	O
relatively	O
small	O
investors	O
.	O


Is	O
the	O
investor	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
your	O
judgment	O
secure	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
marketplace	O
is	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
secure	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
the	O
reforms	O
that	O
have	O
come	O
via	O
the	B-LAW
Sarbanes	I-LAW
-	I-LAW
Oxley	I-LAW
Act	I-LAW
and	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
things	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
done	O
at	O
the	O
SEC	B-ORG
are	O
basically	O
making	O
everybody	O
take	O
a	O
new	O
look	O
at	O
how	O
they	O
're	O
performing	O
their	O
duty	O
as	O
a	O
director	O
,	O
how	O
they	O
're	O
performing	O
their	O
duties	O
on	O
audit	O
committees	O
and	O
compensation	O
committees	O
and	O
in	O
Wall	B-ORG
Street	I-ORG
.	O


I	O
think	O
the	O
reforms	O
that	O
came	O
as	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
large	O
settlement	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
change	O
the	O
way	O
research	O
and	O
investment	O
banking	O
are	O
done	O
to	O
the	O
betterment	O
of	O
the	O
individual	O
investor	O
.	O


And	O
some	O
people	O
are	O
surprised	O
and	O
I	O
might	O
even	O
add	O
pleased	O
in	O
this	O
city	O
that	O
your	O
SEC	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
quick	O
to	O
react	O
when	O
Phil	B-PERSON
Purcell	I-PERSON
of	O
Morgan	B-ORG
Stanley	I-ORG
made	O
a	O
statement	O
that	O
your	O
SEC	B-ORG
did	O
n't	O
think	O
and	O
that	O
you	O
did	O
n't	O
think	O
expressed	O
appropriate	O
contrition	O
when	O
Bear	B-ORG
Stearns	I-ORG
stepped	O
out	O
of	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
SEC	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
was	O
n't	O
a	O
polite	O
phone	O
call	O
quietly	O
made	O
,	O
either	O
from	O
your	O
enforcement	O
division	O
or	O
from	O
your	O
office	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
rather	O
public	O
.	O


Is	O
that	O
the	O
way	O
you	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
operate	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
Lou	B-PERSON
,	O
we	O
're	O
deadly	O
serious	O
about	O
bringing	O
reform	O
into	O
the	O
marketplace	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
deadly	O
serious	O
about	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
actions	O
we	O
've	O
taken	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
we	O
see	O
people	O
who	O
do	O
n't	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
taking	O
it	O
too	O
seriously	O
,	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
them	O
right	O
away	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
think	O
perhaps	O
no	O
one	O
more	O
surprised	O
than	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
running	O
those	O
firms	O
on	O
Wall	B-FAC
Street	I-FAC
.	O


You	O
have	O
also	O
expressed	O
concern	O
about	O
excessive	O
executive	O
compensation	O
,	O
particularly	O
CEO	O
compensation	O
.	O


Is	O
there	O
really	O
anything	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
about	O
this	O
problem	O
?	O


I	O
think	O
so	O
,	O
Lou	B-PERSON
.	O


I	O
think	O
the	O
real	O
next	O
step	O
here	O
is	O
for	O
compensation	O
committees	O
to	O
spend	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
time	O
than	O
they	O
do	O
on	O
what	O
they	O
're	O
really	O
compensating	O
for	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
been	O
too	O
much	O
emphasis	O
on	O
performance	O
defined	O
strictly	O
by	O
stock	O
performance	O
and	O
earnings	O
per	O
share	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
there	O
are	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
other	O
measures	O
that	O
indicate	O
how	O
well	O
somebody	O
's	O
doing	O
running	O
a	O
company	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
corporation	O
boards	O
need	O
to	O
spend	O
more	O
time	O
on	O
that	O
dimension	O
.	O


And	O
with	O
you	O
as	O
Chairman	O
of	O
the	O
SEC	B-ORG
exercising	O
your	O
bully	O
pulpit	O
,	O
one	O
assumes	O
that	O
--	O


As	O
we	O
said	O
,	O
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
Christine	B-PERSON
Todd	I-PERSON
Whitman	I-PERSON
stepped	O
down	O
and	O
now	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
of	O
analysis	O
is	O
taking	O
place	O
as	O
to	O
why	O
she	O
stepped	O
down	O
,	O
the	O
job	O
she	O
's	O
done	O
when	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
office	O
and	O
the	O
job	O
that	O
has	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
complete	O
.	O


From	O
our	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
bureau	O
as	O
I	O
was	O
introducing	O
a	O
moment	O
ago	O
,	O
Dan	B-PERSON
Fagen	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
environment	O
writer	O
for	O
News	B-ORG
Day	I-ORG
.	O


and	O
Dan	B-PERSON
,	O
Whitman	B-PERSON
did	O
consider	O
herself	O
sort	O
of	O
the	O
Republican	B-NORP
environmentalist	O
,	O
but	O
now	O
there	O
's	O
been	O
an	O
awful	O
lot	O
of	O
Monday	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
quarterback	O
quarterbacking	O
taking	O
place	O
now	O
that	O
she	O
's	O
stepped	O
down	O
.	O


What	O
do	O
you	O
suppose	O
took	O
place	O
here	O
?	O


I	O
think	O
many	O
people	O
have	O
watched	O
this	O
administration	O
in	O
action	O
and	O
watched	O
Christy	B-PERSON
Whitman	I-PERSON
in	O
action	O
.	O


The	O
mystery	O
is	O
that	O
she	O
took	O
the	O
job	O
in	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
place	O
or	O
did	O
n't	O
leave	O
earlier	O
.	O


She	O
was	O
quite	O
a	O
misfit	O
for	O
this	O
administration	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
showed	O
that	O
over	O
and	O
over	O
.	O


She	O
was	O
not	O
good	O
at	O
all	O
at	O
communicating	O
the	O
administration	O
's	O
message	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
and	O
certainly	O
to	O
the	O
environmental	O
groups	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
even	O
worse	O
at	O
bringing	O
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
bureaucracy	O
,	O
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
environmental	O
policy	O
makers	O
'	O
message	O
to	O
this	O
administration	O
because	O
she	O
saw	O
herself	O
undercut	O
over	O
and	O
over	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
interesting	O
because	O
leading	O
into	O
it	O
,	O
while	O
she	O
was	O
New	B-GPE
Jersey	I-GPE
governor	O
,	O
she	O
sued	O
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
and	O
she	O
was	O
very	O
much	O
considering	O
herself	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
environmentalist	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
only	O
to	O
end	O
up	O
becoming	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
and	O
then	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
criticism	O
over	O
relaxed	O
regulations	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
hear	O
what	O
she	O
had	O
to	O
say	O
last	B-DATE
Wednesday	I-DATE
here	O
on	O
CNN	O
just	O
after	O
announcing	O
her	O
resignation	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
leaving	O
because	O
of	O
clashes	O
with	O
the	O
administration	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
had	O
any	O
.	O


I	O
report	O
to	O
the	O
President	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
has	O
always	O
asked	O
me	O
to	O
give	O
him	O
my	O
best	O
unadulterated	O
advice	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
have	O
been	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
page	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
never	O
supportive	O
of	O
protocol	O
because	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
do	O
what	O
everyone	O
needs	O
to	O
get	O
done	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
climate	O
change	O
is	O
concerned	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
leaving	O
now	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
appropriate	O
time	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
.	O


Dan	O
,	O
do	O
you	O
agree	O
with	O
that	O
?	O


She	O
says	O
the	O
appropriate	O
time	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
suppose	O
for	O
personal	O
reasons	O
or	O
perhaps	O
she	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
step	O
with	O
the	O
administration	O
?	O


I	O
'm	O
sure	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
difficult	O
for	O
her	O
personally	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
commuter	O
marriage	O
perhaps	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
less	O
stressful	O
if	O
everyday	O
she	O
did	O
n't	O
see	O
herself	O
being	O
undermined	O
and	O
overruled	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
if	O
Christy	B-PERSON
Whitman	I-PERSON
and	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
were	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
page	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
I	O
've	O
seen	O
a	O
book	O
large	O
enough	O
to	O
contain	O
a	O
page	O
that	O
big	O
.	O


Over	O
and	O
over	O
there	O
were	O
many	O
,	O
many	O
instances	O
over	O
the	O
last	O
--	O


Moving	O
ahead	O
now	O
to	O
a	O
developing	O
story	O
,	O
the	O
hunt	O
for	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
smoking	O
gun	O
,	O
meant	O
to	O
prove	O
that	O
Iraq	B-GPE
was	O
developing	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
.	O


Here	O
's	O
national	O
security	O
correspondent	O
David	B-PERSON
Ensor	I-PERSON
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


While	O
U.S.	B-GPE
forces	O
still	O
have	O
n't	O
found	O
any	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
CIA	B-ORG
Pentagon	B-ORG
report	O
says	O
officials	O
are	O
now	O
confident	O
the	O
mysterious	O
trucks	O
filled	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
tech	O
equipment	O
found	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
are	O
indeed	O
mobile	O
biological	O
weapons	O
production	O
facilities	O
,	O
just	O
as	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
Powell	B-PERSON
predicted	O
and	O
presented	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
before	O
the	O
war	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
very	O
important	O
to	O
recognize	O
that	O
programs	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
said	O
existed	O
do	O
exist	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Though	O
no	O
trace	O
of	O
biological	O
toxin	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
trucks	O
,	O
U.S.	B-GPE
intelligence	O
officials	O
say	O
they	O
have	O
largely	O
eliminated	O
any	O
other	O
possible	O
use	O
for	O
the	O
fermenters	O
and	O
other	O
equipment	O
.	O


Not	O
everyone	O
is	O
convinced	O
.	O


They	O
could	O
very	O
well	O
be	O
biological	O
weapons	O
production	O
facilities	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
the	O
intelligence	O
community	O
has	O
made	O
an	O
open	O
and	O
shut	O
case	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


The	O
CIA	B-ORG
-	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
reports	O
admits	O
the	O
trucks	O
were	O
not	O
an	O
efficient	O
way	O
to	O
produce	O
biological	O
weapons	O
,	O
but	O
officials	O
argue	O
the	O
point	O
for	O
the	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
was	O
to	O
produce	O
some	O
and	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
caught	O
doing	O
it	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
clearly	O
a	O
very	O
inefficient	O
way	O
to	O
produce	O
anthrax	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
question	O
is	O
why	O
did	O
they	O
invest	O
such	O
resources	O
in	O
a	O
mobile	O
--	O


Moving	O
on	O
to	O
the	O
Laci	B-PERSON
Peterson	I-PERSON
case	O
Bill	B-PERSON
,	O
an	O
unusual	O
request	O
from	O
Scott	B-PERSON
Peterson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
attorney	O
.	O


A	O
pair	O
of	O
Laci	B-PERSON
Peterson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
missing	O
shoes	O
could	O
be	O
very	O
important	O
evidence	O
in	O
Scott	B-PERSON
's	O
murder	O
trial	O
.	O


She	O
is	O
asking	O
anyone	O
who	O
finds	O
the	O
pair	O
to	O
give	O
them	O
back	O
.	O


No	O
sign	O
of	O
Geragos	B-PERSON
or	O
Peterson	B-PERSON
in	O
court	O
yesterday	B-DATE
when	O
a	O
judge	O
was	O
considering	O
whether	O
to	O
unseal	O
warrants	O
obtained	O
before	O
Scott	B-PERSON
Peterson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
arrest	O
.	O


Peterson	B-PERSON
awaiting	O
trial	O
in	O
the	O
murder	O
of	O
his	O
wife	O
Laci	B-PERSON
and	O
their	O
unborn	O
son	O
.	O


Joining	O
us	O
,	O
Beth	B-PERSON
Caras	I-PERSON
.	O


Good	O
morning	B-TIME
once	O
again	O
.	O


Thanks	O
for	O
being	O
with	O
us	O
.	O


Now	O
back	O
to	O
``	O
people	B-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
news	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


Good	O
to	O
be	O
-LRB-	O
bleep	O
-RRB-	O
King	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


With	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
television	O
show	O
and	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
Oz-fest	B-EVENT
tour	O
ready	O
to	O
kick	O
off	O
,	O
things	O
were	O
looking	O
great	O
for	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
Osbourne	I-PERSON
.	O


He	O
was	O
sober	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
rich	O
and	O
surrounded	O
by	O
a	O
family	O
who	O
loved	O
him	O
but	O
once	O
again	O
,	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
high	O
would	O
hit	O
a	O
low	O
.	O


That	B-DATE
July	I-DATE
,	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
Osbourne	I-PERSON
,	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
long	O
-	O
time	O
manager	O
,	O
wife	O
and	O
best	O
friend	O
,	O
announced	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
that	O
she	O
'd	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
colon	O
cancer	O
.	O


Every	O
fiber	O
of	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
was	O
shaken	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
sedated	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Sharon	B-PERSON
would	O
have	O
to	O
undergo	O
rounds	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
all	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
.	O


Ozzy	B-PERSON
took	O
time	O
off	O
from	O
Oz-fest	B-EVENT
to	O
tend	O
to	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O


Ever	O
the	O
rock	O
,	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
faced	O
cancer	O
head	O
on	O
.	O


When	O
you	O
go	O
in	O
there	O
and	O
people	O
so	O
much	O
worse	O
than	O
me	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
like	O
,	O
How	O
lucky	O
am	O
I	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
great	O
support	O
system	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Even	O
with	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
trying	O
to	O
make	O
things	O
as	O
easy	O
as	O
possible	O
on	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
still	O
a	O
mess	O
.	O


His	O
struggle	O
with	O
sobriety	O
would	O
be	O
tested	O
again	O
.	O


Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
not	O
doing	O
too	O
good	O
right	O
now	O
.	O


Drinking	O
?	O


Drinking	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
very	O
delicate	O
.	O


He	O
's	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
dealing	O
with	O
it	O
the	O
best	O
he	O
can	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Despite	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
's	O
illness	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
business	O
as	O
usual	O
for	O
the	O
family	O
.	O


Though	O
pushed	O
back	O
,	O
filming	O
commenced	O
last	B-DATE
fall	I-DATE
on	O
a	O
second	B-ORDINAL
season	O
of	O
``	O
the	B-WORK_OF_ART
Osbournes	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


Some	O
days	O
when	O
I	O
'm	O
feeling	O
bad	O
,	O
I	O
say	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
do	O
this	O
anymore	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
you	O
wake	O
up	O
and	O
see	O
the	O
crew	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
you	O
snap	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


The	O
larger	O
question	O
loomed	O
.	O


How	O
could	O
comedy	O
come	O
out	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
treatments	O
?	O


Sharon	B-PERSON
is	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
and	O
illness	O
but	O
what	O
's	O
interesting	O
is	O
humor	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


And	O
the	O
humor	O
did	O
remain	O
the	O
same	O
.	O


The	O
show	O
came	O
back	O
with	O
a	O
vengeance	O
last	B-DATE
fall	I-DATE
chronicling	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
and	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
dealing	O
with	O
cancer	O
and	O
the	O
kids	O
coping	O
with	O
new	O
-	O
found	O
celebrity	O
and	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
rated	O
shows	O
.	O


Ratings	O
for	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
season	O
slid	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
banking	O
my	O
whole	O
life	O
on	O
bringing	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
number	O
one	B-CARDINAL
rated	O
show	O
.	O


Having	O
a	O
nervous	O
breakdown	O
.	O


The	O
bubble	O
will	O
burst	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


This	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
more	O
ups	O
and	O
downs	O
.	O


Sharon	B-PERSON
announced	O
in	O
April	B-DATE
that	O
the	O
cancer	O
was	O
in	O
remission	O
,	O
but	O
just	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
after	O
that	O
announcement	O
,	O
son	O
Jack	B-PERSON
entered	O
drug	O
and	O
alcohol	O
rehabilitation	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


His	O
family	O
said	O
that	O
his	O
party	O
life	O
style	O
caught	O
up	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
third	B-ORDINAL
season	O
set	O
to	O
start	O
,	O
will	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
role	O
as	O
a	O
family	O
man	O
change	O
the	O
image	O
in	O
the	O
annuls	O
of	O
heavy	O
metal	O
mad	O
man	O
?	O


I	O
think	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
the	O
guy	O
that	O
hit	O
a	O
head	O
of	O
a	O
bat	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
?	O


Crazy	O
,	O
drug	O
taking	O
,	O
hard	O
drinking	O
,	O
hard	O
living	O
rock	O
n	O
roller	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
what	O
the	O
show	O
does	O
is	O
also	O
show	O
that	O
you	O
might	O
be	O
those	O
things	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
might	O
be	O
a	O
pretty	O
great	O
dad	O
,	O
too	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
here	O
now	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
for	O
my	O
wife	O
.	O


I	O
always	O
loved	O
my	O
wife	O
but	O
sometimes	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
her	O
and	O
sometimes	O
she	O
does	O
n't	O
like	O
me	O
but	O
we	O
love	O
each	O
other	O
.	O


I	O
hate	O
these	O
people	O
that	O
go	O
,	O
we	O
've	O
been	O
married	O
for	O
56	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
and	O
never	O
had	O
a	O
bad	O
word	O
.	O


They	O
must	O
have	O
been	O
living	O
in	O
a	O
different	O
planet	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


Ozzy	B-PERSON
Osbourne	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
life	O
filled	O
with	O
incredible	O
highs	O
crashing	O
into	O
devastating	O
lows	O
.	O


A	O
manic	O
life	O
,	O
grounded	O
in	O
family	O
values	O
.	O


Ozzy	B-PERSON
's	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
like	O
me	O
saying	O
this	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
's	O
a	O
very	O
tender	O
,	O
gentle	O
man	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
guy	O
whose	O
world	O
revolves	O
not	O
so	O
much	O
around	O
music	O
as	O
around	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O


Rock	O
`n	O
roll	O
!	O


Part	O
of	O
the	O
legacy	O
of	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
Osbourne	I-PERSON
is	O
a	O
cautionary	O
tale	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
also	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
tale	O
that	O
includes	O
family	O
love	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
good	O
things	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
.	O


Reporter	O
:	O


It	O
's	O
a	O
tale	O
that	O
continues	O
to	O
unfold	O
.	O


No	O
telling	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
Osbourne	B-PERSON
phenomenon	O
may	O
last	O
but	O
the	O
family	O
's	O
loyal	O
following	O
will	O
always	O
be	O
screaming	O
for	O
more	O
.	O


Stop	O
screaming	O
!	O


Reporter	O
:	O


And	O
so	O
will	O
Ozzy	B-PERSON
.	O


Sharon	O
!	O


Despite	O
problems	O
--	O


Want	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
Florida	B-GPE
,	O
a	O
massive	O
manhunt	O
underway	O
where	O
a	O
rapist	O
is	O
targeting	O
children	O
.	O


DNA	O
testing	O
has	O
conclusively	O
linked	O
one	B-CARDINAL
man	O
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
most	O
recent	O
victims	O
,	O
age	B-DATE
11	I-DATE
and	O
13	B-DATE
.	O


They	O
also	O
believed	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
those	O
attacked	O
in	O
this	O
string	O
is	O
age	B-DATE
79	I-DATE
as	O
well	O
.	O


We	O
talked	O
with	O
the	O
lieutenant	O
in	O
Miami	B-GPE
and	O
there	O
is	O
big	O
time	O
concern	O
in	O
the	O
Shenandoah	B-LOC
neighborhood	O
,	O
southwestern	O
portion	O
of	O
Miami	B-GPE
.	O


Overseas	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
a	O
major	O
operation	O
underway	O
.	O


Canada	B-GPE
is	O
on	O
the	O
path	O
to	O
becoming	O
the	O
third	B-ORDINAL
country	O
to	O
allow	O
gay	O
marriage	O
.	O


The	O
federal	O
government	O
will	O
not	O
appeal	O
the	O
court	O
ruling	O
that	O
cleared	O
the	O
way	O
for	O
same	O
-	O
sex	O
unions	O
.	O


Prime	O
Minister	O
Jean	B-PERSON
Chretien	I-PERSON
says	O
the	O
government	O
will	O
now	O
draft	O
legislation	O
legalizing	O
gay	O
marriages	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
government	O
,	O
can	O
withhold	O
the	O
names	O
of	O
people	O
detained	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
9	B-EVENT
/	I-EVENT
11	I-EVENT
investigation	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
the	O
decision	O
from	O
a	O
federal	O
appeals	O
court	O
reversing	O
a	O
lower	O
court	O
ruling	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Justice	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
argued	O
that	O
releasing	O
the	O
names	O
could	O
hamper	O
ongoing	O
investigations	O
.	O


As	O
we	O
've	O
been	O
reporting	O
,	O
only	O
within	O
the	B-TIME
past	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
or	I-TIME
so	I-TIME
,	O
there	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
shooting	O
incident	O
in	O
central	O
Israel	B-GPE
,	O
not	O
far	O
from	O
the	B-GPE
West	I-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
.	O


A	O
7	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
Israeli	B-NORP
girl	O
has	O
died	O
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
others	O
,	O
her	O
father	O
apparently	O
and	O
another	O
sister	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
wounded	O
in	O
this	O
incident	O
.	O


We	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
continue	O
to	O
get	O
more	O
details	O
on	O
this	O
late	O
-	O
breaking	O
development	O
and	O
bring	O
you	O
those	O
details	O
when	O
we	O
have	O
them	O
.	O


Convicted	O
rapist	O
and	O
Max	B-ORG
Factor	I-ORG
heir	O
Andrew	B-PERSON
Luster	I-PERSON
is	O
back	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


Luster	B-PERSON
returned	O
to	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
yesterday	B-DATE
from	O
Mexico	B-GPE
following	O
his	O
capture	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
by	O
American	B-NORP
bounty	O
hunters	O
.	O


Luster	B-PERSON
skipped	O
bail	O
during	O
his	O
trial	O
in	O
January	B-DATE
for	O
raping	O
and	O
drugging	O
three	B-CARDINAL
women	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
sentenced	O
in	O
abstentia	O
to	O
124	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
prison	O
.	O


An	O
occasion	O
that	O
marked	O
the	O
formal	O
establishment	O
between	O
our	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
.	O


Since	O
then	O
this	O
relationship	O
has	O
grown	O
in	O
importance	O
to	O
us	O
both	O
through	O
good	O
times	O
and	O
bad	O
.	O


Both	O
of	O
my	O
generation	O
and	O
Britain	B-GPE
have	O
special	O
pause	O
to	O
remember	O
the	O
unacceptable	O
sacrifice	O
the	O
Russian	B-NORP
people	O
made	O
to	O
defeat	O
fascism	O
in	O
the	B-EVENT
Second	I-EVENT
World	I-EVENT
War	I-EVENT
.	O


Nothing	O
,	O
not	O
even	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
our	O
countries	O
became	O
estranged	O
in	O
the	O
war	O
's	O
aftermath	O
,	O
has	O
ever	O
dimmed	O
our	O
memory	O
of	O
the	O
scale	O
of	O
your	O
loss	O
.	O


That	O
experience	O
should	O
continue	O
to	O
inspire	O
us	O
,	O
as	O
we	O
seek	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
more	O
peaceful	O
and	O
secure	O
world	O
.	O


When	O
I	O
visited	O
your	O
country	O
in	O
1994	B-DATE
,	O
I	O
recall	O
saying	O
to	O
President	O
Yeltsin	B-PERSON
that	O
he	O
and	O
I	O
spent	O
most	O
of	O
our	O
lives	O
believing	O
such	O
a	O
visit	O
would	O
never	O
happen	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
I	O
hoped	O
he	O
was	O
as	O
delighted	O
as	O
I	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
proved	O
wrong	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
just	O
as	O
delighted	O
now	O
,	O
nine	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
,	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
welcome	O
you	O
here	O
and	O
to	O
learn	O
about	O
the	O
great	O
changes	O
which	O
have	O
occurred	O
in	O
your	O
country	O
since	O
I	O
was	O
there	O
.	O


Russia	B-GPE
has	O
established	O
itself	O
as	O
our	O
partner	O
and	O
our	O
friend	O
.	O


We	O
work	O
together	O
bilatarily	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
international	O
stage	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
are	O
developing	O
new	O
links	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
in	O
fields	O
of	O
commerce	O
,	O
culture	O
,	O
counterterrorism	O
,	O
energy	O
,	O
education	O
environment	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
seeing	O
evidence	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
this	O
during	O
your	O
visit	O
.	O


Mr.	O
President	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
,	O
a	O
sign	O
of	O
genuine	O
friendship	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
have	O
disagreements	O
,	O
but	O
remain	O
firm	O
partners	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
no	O
secret	O
that	O
the	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
our	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
on	O
how	O
best	O
to	O
handle	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
we	O
are	O
now	O
able	O
to	O
look	O
forward	O
together	O
firmly	O
in	O
agreement	O
on	O
the	O
route	O
we	O
have	O
decided	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
,	O
although	O
,	O
the	O
tragic	O
loss	O
of	O
British	B-NORP
lives	O
today	B-DATE
reminds	O
us	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
difficulties	O
to	O
be	O
faced	O
.	O


But	O
as	O
we	O
look	O
ahead	O
,	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
our	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
partnership	O
is	O
of	O
profound	O
importance	O
to	O
both	O
of	O
us	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
clearly	O
evident	O
,	O
if	O
we	O
look	O
beyond	O
the	O
challenges	O
of	O
international	O
politics	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
alone	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
heard	O
the	O
announcements	O
of	O
major	O
investments	O
in	O
Russia	B-GPE
by	O
British	B-NORP
companies	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
also	O
heard	O
a	O
different	O
sign	O
of	O
Sir	O
Paul	B-PERSON
McCartney	I-PERSON
playing	O
to	O
enthusiastic	O
crowds	O
in	O
Red	B-FAC
Square	I-FAC
,	O
and	O
we	O
,	O
in	O
turn	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
enthralled	O
by	O
the	O
celebrations	O
of	O
your	O
own	O
city	O
in	O
Petersburg	B-GPE
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
work	O
continues	O
to	O
bring	O
the	O
young	O
people	O
of	O
our	O
countries	O
closer	O
together	O
through	O
language	O
,	O
teaching	O
,	O
school	O
exchanges	O
and	O
university	O
programs	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
a	O
vibrant	O
and	O
exciting	O
relationship	O
from	O
which	O
we	O
both	O
derive	O
mass	O
benefit	O
.	O


Mr.	O
President	O
,	O
your	O
country	O
is	O
rich	O
--	O


We	O
have	O
a	O
major	O
development	O
to	O
report	O
tonight	O
involving	O
the	O
crash	O
of	O
that	O
Singapore	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
747	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
this	O
week	O
.	O


Taiwanese	B-NORP
officials	O
thousand	B-CARDINAL
now	O
say	O
.	O


They	O
confirm	O
the	O
pilot	O
made	O
a	O
wrong	O
turn	O
,	O
simply	O
down	O
the	O
wrong	O
runway	O
.	O


Correspondent	O
Ned	B-PERSON
Colt	I-PERSON
has	O
our	O
report	O
.	O


Tonight	O
it	O
appears	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
82	I-CARDINAL
are	O
dead	O
from	O
what	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
wrong	O
turn	O
.	O


Sources	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
investigation	O
tell	O
NBC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
that	O
Singapore	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
flight	O
6	B-CARDINAL
tried	O
to	O
take	O
off	O
on	O
a	O
runway	O
closed	O
for	O
repairs	O
.	O


She	O
crash	O
site	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
trail	O
of	O
evidence	O
on	O
the	O
closed	O
runway	O
.	O


Chunks	O
of	O
wreckage	O
,	O
fuselage	O
,	O
stretching	O
in	O
a	O
straight	O
line	O
for	O
hundreds	B-QUANTITY
of	I-QUANTITY
yards	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Twisted	O
overturned	O
construction	O
equipment	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
what	O
the	O
747	O
slammed	O
into	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
night	B-TIME
in	O
a	O
blinding	O
rain	O
storm	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
investigators	O
say	O
the	O
pilot	O
had	O
confirmed	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
tower	O
moments	O
before	O
taking	O
off	O
he	O
had	O
turned	O
onto	O
the	O
correct	O
runway	O
but	O
pilots	O
behind	O
him	O
say	O
he	O
turned	O
onto	O
the	O
wrong	O
runway	O
.	O


They	O
say	O
the	O
plane	O
took	O
off	O
,	O
clicking	O
the	O
construction	O
equipment	O
,	O
slamming	O
into	O
the	O
ground	O
and	O
then	O
breaking	O
up	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
plane	O
was	O
taking	O
off	O
this	O
passenger	O
noticed	O
she	O
did	O
n't	O
see	O
any	O
runway	O
lights	O
.	O


I	O
used	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
lights	O
going	O
by	O
and	O
I	O
looked	O
out	O
and	O
said	O
it	O
's	O
pitch	O
black	O
out	O
here	O
.	O


Reporter	O
Lee	B-PERSON
,	O
flying	O
in	O
from	O
California	B-GPE
,	O
unsure	O
if	O
his	O
wife	O
was	O
alive	O
,	O
today	O
,	O
identifying	O
his	O
remains	O
,	O
and	O
tonight	O
survivor	O
John	B-PERSON
Diaz	I-PERSON
begins	O
the	O
long	O
trip	O
home	O
to	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


I	O
just	O
want	O
to	O
get	O
home	O
,	O
never	O
been	O
so	O
ready	O
to	O
get	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
.	O


His	O
flight	O
number	O
a	O
reminder	O
Singapore	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
006	B-CARDINAL
,	O
the	O
same	O
flight	O
he	O
survived	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
night	B-TIME
.	O


Gregg	B-PERSON
Jarrett	I-PERSON
,	O
they	O
did	O
get	O
a	O
unanimous	O
court	O
for	O
this	O
decision	O
.	O


Absolutely	O
,	O
Brian	B-PERSON
.	O


It	O
was	O
very	O
stern	O
,	O
very	O
direct	O
and	O
it	O
left	O
no	O
question	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
minds	O
of	O
anybody	O
that	O
this	O
court	O
unanimously	O
believes	O
that	O
certification	O
should	O
include	O
the	O
manual	O
recount	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
clear	O
victory	O
for	O
Vice	O
President	O
Al	B-PERSON
Gore	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
language	O
here	O
,	O
really	O
leaves	O
no	O
doubt	O
.	O


The	O
right	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
cast	O
their	O
vote	O
,	O
the	O
court	O
said	O
,	O
is	O
paramount	O
.	O


The	O
amended	O
certifications	O
must	O
be	O
accepted	O
by	O
November	B-DATE
26	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
reason	O
they	O
are	O
picking	O
that	O
particular	O
day	O
is	O
it	O
allows	O
,	O
Brian	B-PERSON
,	O
enough	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
aggrieved	O
party	O
,	O
the	O
losing	O
party	O
to	O
file	O
within	O
10	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
a	O
contest	O
of	O
the	O
certification	O
and	O
that	O
still	O
allows	O
enough	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
contest	O
to	O
be	O
litigated	O
through	O
the	O
courts	O
primarily	O
the	O
circuit	O
court	O
and	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Supreme	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
if	O
necessary	O
and	O
still	O
meet	O
the	O
December	B-DATE
12	I-DATE
deadline	O
for	O
the	O
Electoral	B-ORG
College	I-ORG
vote	O
here	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
Greg	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
only	O
question	O
that	O
means	O
anything	O
at	O
this	O
hour	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
their	O
view	O
is	O
the	O
hand	O
counts	O
should	O
now	O
be	O
included	O
.	O


Will	O
it	O
put	O
Al	B-PERSON
Gore	I-PERSON
over	O
the	O
top	O
in	O
the	O
race	O
to	O
match	O
and	O
exceed	O
the	O
votes	O
of	O
George	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
?	O


It	O
very	O
well	O
could	O
,	O
although	O
,	O
I	O
must	O
say	O
that	O
the	O
Gore	B-PERSON
campaign	O
has	O
been	O
somewhat	O
disappointed	O
by	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
votes	O
they	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
thus	O
far	O
in	O
the	O
counties	O
that	O
are	O
undertaking	O
the	O
manual	O
recounts	O
,	O
Brian	B-PERSON
,	O
but	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
hand	O
counts	O
still	O
must	O
be	O
tallied	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
also	O
including	O
the	O
undervotes	O
of	O
10,000	B-CARDINAL
in	O
Palm	B-GPE
Beach	I-GPE
and	O
junt	O
votes	O
of	O
10,000	B-CARDINAL
in	O
Miami	B-GPE
-	I-GPE
Dade	I-GPE
as	O
well	O
.	O


Keep	O
in	O
mind	O
,	O
those	O
were	O
not	O
registered	O
by	O
the	O
computers	O
because	O
they	O
either	O
had	O
a	O
hanging	O
chad	O
or	O
dimpled	O
chad	O
.	O


Those	O
must	O
be	O
gone	O
over	O
by	O
hand	O
by	O
each	O
respective	O
canvassing	O
board	O
.	O


So	O
there	O
are	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
votes	O
remaining	O
there	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
Gore	B-PERSON
campaign	O
to	O
the	B-FAC
White	I-FAC
House	I-FAC
.	O


Greg	B-PERSON
,	O
just	O
a	O
logistic	O
question	O
,	O
How	O
long	O
is	O
it	O
going	O
take	O
you	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
opinion	O
run	O
to	O
you	O
from	O
the	O
building	O
behind	O
you	O
?	O


I	O
would	O
say	O
we	O
should	O
have	O
it	O
here	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
minutes	I-DATE
.	O


It	O
depends	O
how	O
quickly	O
the	O
line	O
moves	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
two	B-CARDINAL
producers	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
,	O
near	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
.	O


It	O
how	O
quickly	O
they	O
get	O
handed	O
.	O


It	O
reversed	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
orders	O
of	O
the	O
earlier	O
trial	O
court	O
,	O
Circuit	B-ORG
Court	I-ORG
Judge	O
Terry	B-PERSON
Lewis	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
bottom	O
line	O
,	O
this	O
court	O
rules	O
unanimously	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
votes	O
counted	O
is	O
paramount	O
,	O
thus	O
,	O
the	O
amended	O
certifications	O
to	O
include	O
the	O
hand	O
counts	O
must	O
be	O
accepted	O
by	O
November	B-DATE
26	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
it	O
seemed	O
to	O
have	O
some	O
language	O
here	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
Brian	B-PERSON
I	O
do	O
have	O
it	O
handed	O
to	O
me	O
now	O
.	O


Let	O
me	O
take	O
a	O
the	O
.	O


Brian	B-PERSON
,	O
if	O
for	O
some	O
reason	O
the	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
would	O
n't	O
accept	O
by	O
the	B-DATE
26th	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
certification	O
,	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
certified	O
elsewhere	O
.	O


Gregg	O
Jarrett	O
.	O


I	O
should	O
point	O
out	O
,	O
he	O
is	O
a	O
former	O
lawyer	O
himself	O
and	O
so	O
can	O
help	O
put	O
this	O
into	O
English	B-LANGUAGE
.	O


Greg	B-PERSON
,	O
go	O
ahead	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
come	O
to	O
a	O
passage	O
we	O
should	O
hear	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
flipping	O
through	O
the	O
summary	O
of	O
enacts	O
because	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
important	O
.	O


The	O
summary	O
of	O
facts	O
.	O


You	O
flag	O
us	O
when	O
you	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
portion	O
we	O
should	O
hear	O
aloud	O
.	O


Recapping	O
the	O
developments	O
of	O
this	O
disturbing	O
day	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
and	O
the	B-LOC
Arabian	I-LOC
Peninsula	I-LOC
--	O
at	O
least	O
six	O
American	B-NORP
sailors	O
are	O
dead	O
,	O
11	B-CARDINAL
still	O
missing	O
and	O
35	B-CARDINAL
injured	O
after	O
what	O
intelligence	O
experts	O
say	O
was	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
planned	O
terrorist	O
bombing	O
that	O
ripped	O
a	O
20	B-QUANTITY
x	I-QUANTITY
40	I-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
foot	I-QUANTITY
hole	O
in	O
the	O
Navy	B-ORG
destroyer	O
``	B-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
''	I-PRODUCT
in	O
the	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
port	O
of	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
ship	O
was	O
there	O
for	O
refueling	O
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
,	O
vowing	O
retaliation	O
.	O


As	O
we	O
heard	O
from	O
David	B-PERSON
Gregory	I-PERSON
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Governor	O
Bush	B-PERSON
's	O
main	O
themes	O
in	O
these	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
the	O
campaign	O
is	O
getting	O
rid	O
of	O
partisan	O
gridlock	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
was	O
exactly	O
what	O
the	O
President	O
was	O
talking	O
about	O
today	B-DATE
--	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
reopen	O
debate	O
on	O
a	O
$	B-MONEY
240	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
tax	O
cut	O
plan	O
,	O
saying	O
the	O
version	O
House	B-ORG
Republicans	B-NORP
passed	O
is	O
unacceptable	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
unfair	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
President	O
,	O
to	O
children	O
and	O
seniors	O
.	O


Instead	O
of	O
meeting	O
us	O
on	O
common	O
ground	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
working	O
with	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
or	O
congressional	O
Democrats	B-NORP
,	O
the	O
Republican	B-NORP
leadership	O
closed	O
its	O
doors	O
to	O
compromise	O
--	O
literally	O
closed	O
the	O
doors	O
to	O
compromise	O
.	O


They	O
crafted	O
their	O
own	O
partisan	O
tax	O
package	O
and	O
passed	O
it	O
last	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
on	O
a	O
party	O
-	O
line	O
vote	O
.	O


Republican	B-NORP
leaders	O
for	O
their	O
part	O
said	O
reopening	O
the	O
tax	O
debate	O
is	O
not	O
now	O
realistic	O
and	O
the	O
tax	O
cut	O
bill	O
is	O
probably	O
tombed	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
angry	O
that	O
the	O
President	O
is	O
threatening	O
to	O
veto	O
it	O
saying	O
it	O
's	O
wrong	O
to	O
have	O
political	O
budget	O
battles	O
right	O
before	O
the	O
election	O
.	O


NBC	B-ORG
's	O
David	B-PERSON
Gregory	I-PERSON
is	O
at	O
his	O
post	O
as	O
well	O
in	O
Austin	B-GPE
,	O
Texas	B-GPE
.	O


David	B-PERSON
any	O
reaction	O
from	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
team	O
on	O
the	O
Democrats	B-NORP
'	O
plan	O
to	O
contest	O
the	O
vote	O
in	O
Miami	B-GPE
-	I-GPE
Dade	I-GPE
?	O


Well	O
,	O
John	B-PERSON
,	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
reaction	O
from	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
team	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
this	O
decision	O
by	O
the	O
Gore	B-PERSON
campaign	O
,	O
a	O
refusal	O
to	O
concede	O
even	O
if	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
prevail	O
in	O
the	O
manual	O
recounts	O
under	O
way	O
certainly	O
carries	O
some	O
political	O
risk	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
Gore	B-PERSON
team	O
tonight	O
defends	O
the	O
decision	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
fellow	O
Democrats	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
public	O
would	O
not	O
only	O
accept	O
but	O
demand	O
what	O
they	O
call	O
a	O
fair	O
and	O
accurate	O
recount	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
relevant	O
counties	O
.	O


The	O
Bush	B-PERSON
team	O
,	O
responding	O
quickly	O
saying	O
there	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
such	O
support	O
and	O
that	O
in	O
that	O
scenario	O
Gore	B-PERSON
could	O
only	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
sore	O
loser	O
.	O


Despite	O
the	O
holiday	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
letup	O
in	O
the	O
fight	O
for	O
Florida	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
holiday	O
legal	O
victory	O
to	O
be	O
thankful	O
for	O
,	O
George	B-PERSON
and	O
Laura	B-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
,	O
all	O
smiles	O
in	O
Austin	B-GPE
today	B-DATE
before	O
a	O
pot	O
luck	O
Thanksgiving	B-DATE
meal	O
with	O
their	O
twin	O
daughters	O
and	O
friends	O
.	O


The	O
Texas	B-GPE
governor	O
makes	O
time	O
for	O
recreation	O
with	O
a	O
morning	O
jog	O
and	O
prepares	O
for	O
some	O
fishing	O
at	O
his	O
ranch	O
this	B-DATE
weekend	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
Vice	O
President	O
out	O
of	O
sight	O
today	O
at	O
his	O
residence	O
,	O
aides	O
saying	O
the	O
entire	O
family	O
together	O
for	O
a	O
meal	O
and	O
football	O
on	O
TV	O
.	O


While	O
the	O
Gore	B-PERSON
menu	O
remains	O
a	O
family	O
secret	O
,	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
clan	O
all	O
to	O
happy	O
to	O
share	O
some	O
of	O
his	O
favorite	O
fare	O
--	O
jalapeno	O
pecan	O
cornbread	O
stuffing	O
and	O
coconut	O
cake	O
.	O


For	O
vice	O
presidential	O
candidate	O
Dick	B-PERSON
Cheney	I-PERSON
,	O
turkey	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
with	O
his	O
wife	O
and	O
daughter	O
this	O
afternoon	O
.	O


After	O
suffering	O
a	O
mild	O
heart	O
attack	O
yesterday	B-DATE
,	O
his	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
,	O
doctors	O
say	O
today	O
he	O
's	O
recovering	O
well	O
.	O


Cheney	B-PERSON
gets	O
a	O
checkup	O
call	O
from	O
Governor	O
Bush	B-PERSON
and	O
still	O
expects	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
,	O
and	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
cautiously	O
speaks	O
out	O
about	O
the	O
Florida	B-GPE
vote	O
fight	O
,	O
saying	O
everyone	O
should	O
,	O
``	O
let	O
the	O
process	O
play	O
out	O
.	O
''	O


I	O
want	O
everybody	O
who	O
tried	O
to	O
vote	O
who	O
legally	O
voted	O
to	O
have	O
their	O
vote	O
count	O
,	O
including	O
service	O
people	O
.	O


Everybody	O
.	O


Tonight	B-TIME
for	O
both	O
George	B-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
and	O
Al	B-PERSON
Gore	I-PERSON
and	O
their	O
war	O
rooms	O
all	O
their	O
advisers	O
,	O
this	O
really	O
comes	O
down	O
to	O
a	O
numbers	O
game	O
.	O


Everybody	O
keeping	O
a	O
sharp	O
eye	O
on	O
these	O
recount	O
tallies	O
and	O
on	O
Sunday	B-DATE
's	O
deadline	O
at	O
5:00	B-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
.	O


John	B-PERSON
?	O


NBC	B-ORG
's	O
David	B-PERSON
Gregory	I-PERSON
in	O
Austin	B-GPE
.	O


David	B-PERSON
,	O
thank	O
you	O
.	O


Up	O
next	O
,	O
from	O
recounts	O
to	O
--	O


And	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
longest	O
running	O
struggles	O
for	O
international	O
justice	O
reached	O
a	O
milestone	O
today	B-DATE
of	O
sorts	O
,	O
when	O
a	O
Scottish	B-NORP
court	O
,	O
meeting	O
in	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
,	O
finally	O
officially	O
found	O
someone	O
guilty	O
in	O
the	O
1988	B-DATE
bombing	O
that	O
brought	O
down	O
Pan	B-PRODUCT
Am	I-PRODUCT
Flight	I-PRODUCT
103	I-PRODUCT
.	O


He	O
's	O
a	O
Libyan	B-NORP
intelligence	O
agent	O
and	O
as	O
NBC	B-ORG
's	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Maceda	I-PERSON
reports	O
tonight	B-TIME
from	O
the	O
court	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
families	O
of	O
the	O
victims	O
think	O
the	O
verdict	O
did	O
n't	O
go	O
far	O
enough	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
was	O
D	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
Day	I-DATE
in	O
the	O
murder	O
trial	O
which	O
in	O
the	O
end	O
brought	O
some	O
relief	O
.	O


For	O
grieving	O
families	O
,	O
only	O
a	O
partial	O
victory	O
.	O


After	O
12	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
of	O
waiting	O
and	O
a	O
nine	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
trial	O
,	O
family	O
members	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
victims	O
of	O
Pan	B-PRODUCT
Am	I-PRODUCT
Flight	I-PRODUCT
103	I-PRODUCT
come	O
to	O
this	O
special	O
Scottish	B-NORP
courthouse	O
in	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
one	B-CARDINAL
last	O
time	O
to	O
hear	O
the	O
verdict	O
against	O
two	B-CARDINAL
Libyan	B-NORP
defendants	O
charged	O
with	O
murder	O
.	O


A	O
split	O
decision	O
for	O
Lamen	B-PERSON
Khalifa	I-PERSON
Fhimah	I-PERSON
,	O
aquittal	O
,	O
but	O
Abdel	B-PERSON
Basset	I-PERSON
Ali	I-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
megrahi	I-PERSON
found	O
guilty	O
as	O
charged	O
.	O


The	O
court	O
ruled	O
this	O
senior	O
Libyan	B-NORP
intelligence	O
agent	O
planted	O
the	O
bomb	O
that	O
killed	O
270	B-CARDINAL
,	O
mostly	O
Americans	B-NORP
,	O
when	O
the	O
plane	O
bound	O
for	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
exploded	O
over	O
Lockerbie	B-GPE
,	O
Scotland	B-GPE
.	O


Inside	O
the	O
courtroom	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
elation	O
overwhelming	O
.	O


A	O
good	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
relatives	O
gasped	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
big	O
intake	O
of	O
breath	O
.	O


Jim	B-PERSON
Swire	I-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
daughter	O
died	O
in	O
the	O
1988	B-DATE
crash	O
,	O
collapses	O
.	O


He	O
later	O
recovered	O
,	O
blaming	O
stress	O
.	O


But	O
Al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
megrahi	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
sentence	O
,	O
20	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
jail	O
,	O
too	O
light	O
for	O
Brian	B-PERSON
Flynn	I-PERSON
.	O


His	O
brother	O
was	O
on	O
Flight	B-PRODUCT
103	I-PRODUCT
.	O


It	O
was	O
n't	O
one	B-CARDINAL
murder	O
it	O
was	O
270	B-CARDINAL
people	O
he	O
murdered	O
.	O


Frustration	O
too	O
that	O
Moammar	B-PERSON
Khaddafi	I-PERSON
was	O
immune	O
from	O
prosecution	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
ground	O
rules	O
here	O
.	O


You	O
get	O
the	O
operatives	O
.	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
always	O
get	O
the	O
higherups	O
.	O


Reaction	O
in	O
Libya	B-GPE
,	O
where	O
many	O
followed	O
the	O
trial	O
,	O
mixed	O
.	O


Some	O
anger	O
in	O
the	O
streets	O
,	O
but	O
government	O
officials	O
downplaying	O
the	O
conviction	O
,	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
international	O
sanctions	O
.	O


Not	O
yet	O
,	O
says	O
President	O
George	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
,	O
at	O
the	B-FAC
White	I-FAC
House	I-FAC
today	B-DATE
,	O
demanding	O
that	O
Khaddafi	B-PERSON
meet	O
certain	O
conditions	O
first	O
,	O
to	O
accept	O
responsibility	O
for	O
this	O
act	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
compensate	O
the	O
families	O
.	O


But	O
even	O
that	O
would	O
fall	O
short	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
have	O
lost	O
loved	O
ones	O
.	O


Tonight	B-TIME
,	O
some	O
of	O
those	O
families	O
made	O
it	O
clear	O
their	O
battle	O
is	O
not	O
over	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
the	O
truth	O
and	O
however	O
difficult	O
,	O
punish	O
the	O
real	O
authors	O
of	O
this	O
crime	O
.	O


Tom	B-PERSON
?	O


Thanks	O
very	O
much	O
,	O
NBC	B-ORG
's	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Maceda	I-PERSON
tonight	B-TIME
for	O
the	O
trial	O
of	O
the	O
Lockerbie	B-GPE
103	B-PRODUCT
Pan	I-PRODUCT
Am	I-PRODUCT
crash	O
.	O


Former	O
U.S.	B-GPE
representative	O
Sidney	B-PERSON
Yates	I-PERSON
has	O
died	O
.	O


When	O
he	O
retired	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
he	O
was	O
the	O
oldest	O
and	O
longest	O
serving	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
house	O
.	O


NPR	B-ORG
's	O
Sheryl	B-PERSON
Corley	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


Sidney	B-PERSON
Yates	I-PERSON
was	O
first	O
elected	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
house	O
in	O
1948	B-DATE
,	O
when	O
Harry	B-PERSON
Truman	I-PERSON
was	O
President	O
and	O
for	O
more	B-DATE
than	I-DATE
4	I-DATE
decades	I-DATE
he	O
trounced	O
every	O
challenger	O
to	O
face	O
him	O
in	O
congressional	O
election	O
.	O


He	O
sat	O
out	O
1	B-CARDINAL
term	O
after	O
losing	O
a	O
U.S	B-ORG
Senate	I-ORG
race	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
1960s	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
for	O
24	B-CARDINAL
terms	O
,	O
Yates	B-PERSON
represented	O
Chicago	B-GPE
's	O
northern	O
lake	O
front	O
and	O
northern	O
suburbs	O
.	O


The	O
congressman	O
was	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
fervent	O
liberal	O
and	O
supporter	O
of	O
the	O
arts	O
and	O
he	O
was	O
noted	O
for	O
his	O
success	O
in	O
getting	O
congress	O
to	O
finance	O
for	O
national	O
endowment	O
for	O
the	O
art	O
.	O


In	O
1993	B-DATE
,	O
Yates	B-PERSON
was	O
awarded	O
a	B-WORK_OF_ART
Presidential	I-WORK_OF_ART
Citizen	I-WORK_OF_ART
's	I-WORK_OF_ART
Medal	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	O
his	O
efforts	O
.	O


Yates	B-PERSON
was	O
born	O
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
and	O
he	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
few	O
politicians	O
who	O
successfully	O
walked	O
the	O
tight	O
rope	O
between	O
the	O
Chicago	B-GPE
machine	O
and	O
its	O
independent	O
critics	O
.	O


He	O
died	O
yesterday	B-DATE
of	O
renal	O
failure	O
and	O
complications	O
from	O
pneumonia	O
.	O


Sheryl	B-PERSON
Corley	I-PERSON
,	O
NPR	B-ORG
news	I-ORG
,	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
what	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
ripple	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
explosion	O
today	B-DATE
killed	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
four	I-CARDINAL
sailors	O
on	O
a	O
US	B-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
destroyer	O
in	O
the	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
port	O
of	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


American	B-NORP
investigators	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
the	O
scene	O
but	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
at	O
the	B-FAC
White	I-FAC
House	I-FAC
,	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-FAC
and	O
the	B-FAC
State	I-FAC
Department	I-FAC
,	O
US	B-GPE
officials	O
are	O
already	O
expressing	O
suspicions	O
that	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
explosion	O
was	O
an	O
act	O
of	O
terrorism	O
.	O


The	O
World	B-ORG
's	O
Clark	B-PERSON
Boyd	I-PERSON
reports	O
.	O


The	O
blast	O
,	O
which	O
occurred	O
just	B-TIME
after	I-TIME
noon	I-TIME
local	O
time	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
,	O
ripped	O
a	O
20	B-CARDINAL
x	O
40	B-QUANTITY
foot	I-QUANTITY
gash	O
in	O
the	B-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
,	O
a	O
state	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
art	O
destroyer	O
that	O
had	O
stopped	O
in	O
Aden	B-GPE
to	O
refuel	O
before	O
joining	O
the	O
carrier	O
George	B-PRODUCT
Washington	I-PRODUCT
in	O
the	B-LOC
Persian	I-LOC
Gulf	I-LOC
.	O


Speaking	O
at	O
the	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
's	O
home	O
base	O
in	O
Norfolk	B-GPE
,	O
Virginia	B-GPE
,	O
Admiral	O
John	B-PERSON
Foley	I-PERSON
said	O
that	O
the	O
Navy	B-ORG
is	O
investigating	O
the	O
incident	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
whether	O
it	O
was	O
terrorism	O
or	O
not	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
an	O
act	O
of	O
certainly	O
a	O
severe	O
belligerence	O
but	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
the	O
source	O
,	O
nor	O
can	O
I	O
comment	O
any	O
further	O
on	O
that	O
.	O


But	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
officials	O
went	O
further	O
saying	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
every	O
reason	O
to	O
suspect	O
that	O
the	O
blast	O
was	O
caused	O
by	O
terrorists	O
.	O


The	O
officials	O
said	O
that	O
reports	O
from	O
the	O
scene	O
,	O
including	O
one	B-CARDINAL
from	O
an	O
Army	B-ORG
officer	O
working	O
in	O
Aden	B-FAC
Harbor	I-FAC
,	O
suggested	O
that	O
a	O
small	O
rubber	O
craft	O
that	O
was	O
helping	O
the	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
dock	O
came	O
alongside	O
the	O
destroyer	O
and	O
caused	O
the	O
blast	O
.	O


Many	O
,	O
including	O
retired	O
Admiral	O
Eugene	B-PERSON
Carroll	I-PERSON
,	O
are	O
suspicious	O
that	O
the	O
small	O
boat	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
loaded	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
power	O
explosives	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
attack	O
was	O
planned	O
.	O


That	O
craft	O
that	O
approached	O
the	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
is	O
a	O
rubber	O
boat	O
,	O
not	O
a	O
big	O
craft	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
would	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
pack	O
it	O
fully	O
with	O
explosives	O
to	O
do	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
damage	O
that	O
they	O
did	O
to	O
the	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
and	O
that	O
certainly	O
would	O
have	O
taken	O
time	O
to	O
get	O
that	O
put	O
together	O
.	O


While	O
both	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Justice	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
today	B-DATE
dispatched	O
teams	O
of	O
experts	O
to	O
Yemen	B-GPE
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
explosion	O
,	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
Madeleine	O
Albright	O
urged	O
caution	O
saying	O
it	O
was	O
too	O
early	O
to	O
jump	O
to	O
any	O
conclusions	O
.	O


Still	O
,	O
she	O
promised	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
would	O
take	O
appropriate	O
action	O
if	O
terrorists	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
behind	O
the	O
blast	O
,	O
a	O
sentiment	O
echoed	O
later	B-TIME
in	I-TIME
the	I-TIME
day	I-TIME
by	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
.	O


If	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
now	O
appears	O
,	O
this	O
was	O
an	O
act	O
of	O
terrorism	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
despicable	O
and	O
cowardly	O
act	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
find	O
out	O
who	O
is	O
responsible	O
and	O
hold	O
them	O
accountable	O
.	O


If	O
their	O
intention	O
was	O
to	O
deter	O
us	O
from	O
our	O
mission	O
of	O
promoting	O
peace	O
and	O
security	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
,	O
they	O
will	O
fail	O
utterly	O
.	O


For	O
some	O
terrorism	O
experts	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
attack	O
,	O
which	O
occurred	O
against	O
the	O
backdrop	O
of	O
intense	O
clashes	O
between	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
and	O
Israelis	B-NORP
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
,	O
has	O
an	O
eerily	O
familiar	O
ring	O
to	O
it	O
.	O


Bruce	B-PERSON
Hoffman	I-PERSON
is	O
the	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Rand	I-ORG
Corporation	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Washington	B-GPE
office	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
seen	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
how	O
violence	O
and	O
conflict	O
and	O
tensions	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
often	O
embroil	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
.	O


One	O
only	O
has	O
to	O
recall	O
the	O
bombing	O
of	O
the	O
US	B-NORP
Marine	I-NORP
barracks	O
in	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
in	O
1983	B-DATE
,	O
also	O
a	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
before	O
presidential	O
election	O
,	O
also	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
when	O
Israel	B-GPE
was	O
involving	O
suitable	O
ferment	O
at	O
that	O
point	O
in	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
now	O
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
,	O
where	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
was	O
also	O
attempting	O
actively	O
to	O
provide	O
some	O
stabilizing	O
influence	O
and	O
unfortunately	O
and	O
tragically	O
got	O
caught	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
maelstrom	O
and	O
that	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
salient	O
fact	O
of	O
this	O
attack	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
this	O
attack	O
turns	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
terrorists	O
,	O
Hoffman	B-PERSON
says	O
it	O
would	O
signal	O
a	O
dangerous	O
new	O
trend	O
.	O


Maritime	O
or	O
marine	O
-	O
borne	O
terrorist	O
attacks	O
are	O
actually	O
quite	O
rare	O
.	O


That	O
being	O
said	O
it	O
could	O
well	O
be	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
pattern	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
made	O
it	O
far	O
more	O
difficult	O
,	O
appropriately	O
so	O
,	O
for	O
terrorists	O
to	O
attack	O
our	O
ground	O
forces	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Arabian	I-LOC
Peninsula	I-LOC
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
terrorists	O
prevented	O
from	O
attacking	O
their	O
targets	O
using	O
their	O
more	O
conventional	O
means	O
`	O
truck	O
bombs	O
'	O
have	O
merely	O
adjusted	O
their	O
tactics	O
slightly	O
and	O
obviously	O
they	O
have	O
been	O
successful	O
with	O
it	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


On	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
TV	O
today	B-DATE
the	O
country	O
's	O
President	O
expressed	O
his	O
heart	O
-	O
felt	O
condolences	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
were	O
killed	O
and	O
injured	O
,	O
but	O
denied	O
that	O
the	O
explosion	O
on	O
board	O
the	O
cole	B-PRODUCT
was	O
caused	O
by	O
terrorists	O
,	O
although	O
,	O
admits	O
Mohammed	B-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Qadhi	I-PERSON
,	O
editor	O
of	O
the	O
Yemen	B-ORG
Observer	I-ORG
newspaper	O
in	O
the	O
capital	O
Sana	B-GPE
,	O
anti-American	B-NORP
sentiment	O
has	O
been	O
running	O
high	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
because	O
of	O
events	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
.	O


The	O
people	O
now	O
in	O
the	O
streets	O
are	O
gathering	O
because	O
they	O
feel	O
that	O
not	O
just	O
as	O
Arabs	B-NORP
,	O
as	O
human	O
beings	O
,	O
that	O
what	O
is	O
happening	O
in	O
Palestine	B-GPE
is	O
not	O
humanitarian	O
.	O


Regarding	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
'	I-GPE
attitude	O
in	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
we	O
find	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
until	O
now	O
are	O
supporting	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
people	O
here	O
feel	O
that	O
United	B-GPE
States	I-GPE
should	O
do	O
something	O
.	O


With	O
tensions	O
running	O
high	O
throughout	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
,	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
incident	O
off	O
the	O
coast	O
of	O
Yemen	B-GPE
serves	O
as	O
a	O
warning	O
.	O


US	B-GPE
armed	O
forces	O
and	O
diplomatic	O
personnel	O
might	O
be	O
on	O
high	O
alert	O
for	O
sometime	O
to	O
come	O
.	O


For	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
this	O
is	O
Clark	B-PERSON
Boyd	I-PERSON
.	O


In	O
the	O
other	O
major	O
story	O
out	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
,	O
Arab	B-NORP
Foreign	O
Ministers	O
met	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
Cairo	B-GPE
in	O
advance	O
of	O
Saturday	B-DATE
's	O
Arab	B-NORP
's	O
summit	O
.	O


Egypt	B-GPE
called	O
the	O
emergency	O
summit	O
to	O
declare	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
three	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
of	O
violence	O
that	O
has	O
left	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
106	I-CARDINAL
people	O
dead	O
,	O
almost	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
.	O


Violence	O
has	O
abated	O
somewhat	O
since	O
the	O
deal	O
was	O
struck	O
at	O
Sharm	B-GPE
el	I-GPE
-	I-GPE
Sheikh	I-GPE
two	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
Arab	B-NORP
governments	O
are	O
under	O
pressure	O
from	O
their	O
own	O
citizens	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
tough	O
stance	O
against	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


James	B-PERSON
Drummond	I-PERSON
,	O
covering	O
the	O
Arab	B-NORP
summit	O
in	O
Cairo	B-GPE
for	O
the	B-ORG
Financial	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
.	O


James	B-PERSON
,	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
reason	O
why	O
the	O
Arabs	B-NORP
wanted	O
this	O
pre-summit	O
meeting	O
.	O


What	O
is	O
the	O
pressure	O
on	O
them	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
summit	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
they	O
want	O
to	O
try	O
and	O
iron	O
out	O
any	O
potential	O
difficulties	O
before	O
the	O
heads	O
of	O
state	O
come	O
into	O
town	O
on	O
Saturday	B-DATE
and	O
Sunday	B-DATE
.	O


So	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
preparatory	O
exercise	O
to	O
reach	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
agreement	O
beforehand	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
the	O
problem	O
is	O
that	O
not	O
all	O
Arab	B-NORP
states	O
are	O
speaking	O
again	O
with	O
one	B-CARDINAL
voice	O
.	O


What	O
do	O
they	O
hope	O
to	O
achieve	O
?	O
and	O
what	O
can	O
you	O
claim	O
from	O
the	O
statements	O
made	O
today	B-DATE
?	O


It	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
Arab	B-NORP
's	O
summit	O
have	O
traditionally	O
been	O
exercises	O
in	O
division	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
already	O
seen	O
problems	O
from	O
Libyan	B-NORP
leader	O
Muammar	B-PERSON
Gaddafi	I-PERSON
on	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
who	O
appeared	O
on	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
pan-Arab	B-NORP
satellite	O
channel	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
rubbish	O
,	O
what	O
he	O
said	O
was	O
a	O
draft	O
statement	O
for	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
summit	O
on	O
Sunday	B-DATE
.	O


And	O
he	O
was	O
very	O
categorical	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
too	O
weak	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
harm	O
Israeli	B-NORP
interests	O
sufficiently	O
.	O


So	O
we	O
have	O
Gadafi	B-PERSON
on	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
hand	O
.	O


On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
we	O
have	O
Egypt	B-GPE
which	O
was	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
Arab	B-NORP
country	O
to	O
make	O
peace	O
with	O
the	O
Jewish	B-NORP
state	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
of	O
course	O
also	O
a	O
top	O
recipient	O
of	O
US	B-GPE
aid	O
.	O


The	O
Egyptian	B-NORP
President	O
Hosni	B-PERSON
Mubarak	I-PERSON
is	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
voice	O
of	O
moderation	O
against	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
.	O


Tell	O
us	O
about	O
what	O
he	O
has	O
been	O
saying	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Mubarak	B-PERSON
has	O
been	O
,	O
as	O
you	O
say	O
,	O
a	O
voice	O
of	O
moderation	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
invested	O
an	O
awful	O
amount	O
in	O
the	O
peace	O
with	O
Israel	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
really	O
he	O
can	O
not	O
afford	O
to	O
let	O
it	O
fail	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
seen	O
some	O
more	O
power	O
techniques	O
perhaps	O
from	O
his	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Amre	B-PERSON
Moussa	I-PERSON
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
Amre	B-PERSON
Moussa	I-PERSON
today	B-DATE
at	O
the	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
's	O
meeting	O
was	O
calling	O
simply	O
for	O
the	O
return	O
of	O
East	B-GPE
Jerusalem	I-GPE
to	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
,	O
in	O
stark	O
contrast	O
to	O
Syrian	B-NORP
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Faruq	B-PERSON
al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Shara	I-PERSON
who	O
was	O
pulling	O
for	O
a	O
complete	O
cut	O
in	O
diplomatic	O
relations	O
between	O
Israel	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
Arab	B-NORP
states	O
that	O
happen	O
.	O


So	O
Egypt	B-GPE
is	O
playing	O
a	O
calming	O
role	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
anything	O
too	O
strong	O
coming	O
out	O
of	O
this	O
summit	O
due	O
to	O
end	O
on	O
Sunday	B-DATE
.	O


What	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
prevailing	O
voices	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
?	O


There	O
are	O
certainly	O
calls	O
for	O
war	O
against	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


Is	O
there	O
much	O
support	O
for	O
that	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
actually	O
President	O
Mubarak	B-PERSON
was	O
very	O
categorical	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
condemning	O
calls	O
for	O
war	O
,	O
which	O
he	O
said	O
were	O
very	O
serious	O
and	O
people	O
should	O
understand	O
the	O
implications	O
of	O
just	O
what	O
it	O
meant	O
.	O


Egypt	B-GPE
and	O
Jordan	B-GPE
do	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
any	O
sort	O
of	O
conventional	O
war	O
against	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


They	O
have	O
both	O
invested	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
in	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
regimes	O
would	O
be	O
more	O
vulnerable	O
if	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
were	O
to	O
fail	O
,	O
because	O
detractors	O
and	O
opponents	O
within	O
each	O
country	O
would	O
have	O
ammunition	O
by	O
which	O
to	O
fire	O
at	O
them	O
.	O


How	O
much	O
is	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
entering	O
into	O
the	O
conversation	O
and	O
how	O
much	O
pressure	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
coming	O
from	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
?	O


Well	O
today	O
not	O
too	O
much	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
Madeleine	B-PERSON
Albright	I-PERSON
was	O
in	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
yesterday	B-DATE
where	O
she	O
met	O
with	O
crown	O
prince	O
Abdullah	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
new	O
Syrian	B-NORP
President	O
Bashar	B-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Assad	I-PERSON
.	O


Interestingly	O
enough	O
she	O
is	O
quoted	O
as	O
telling	O
General	O
Sanholi	B-PERSON
back	O
to	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
that	O
she	O
did	O
not	O
really	O
get	O
too	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
reception	O
from	O
Bashar	B-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Assad	I-PERSON
in	O
terms	O
of	O
lightening	O
the	O
traditionally	O
antagonistic	O
Syrian	B-NORP
align	O
towards	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


Nonetheless	O
,	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
she	O
did	O
meet	O
with	O
Bashar	B-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Assad	I-PERSON
and	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
which	O
is	O
traditionally	O
being	O
more	O
dovish	O
and	O
has	O
supported	O
US	B-GPE
policy	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
significant	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
I	O
would	O
say	O
certainly	O
on	O
the	O
surface	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
little	O
US	B-GPE
action	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
thank	O
you	O
very	O
much	O
for	O
the	O
update	O
.	O


James	B-PERSON
Drummond	I-PERSON
,	O
correspondent	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Financial	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
London	I-ORG
speaking	O
to	O
us	O
from	O
Cairo	B-GPE
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
James	B-PERSON
.	O


Thanks	O
.	O


With	O
this	O
month	B-DATE
's	O
ouster	O
of	O
strongman	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
,	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
is	O
rapidly	O
joining	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
country	O
was	O
admitted	O
into	O
an	O
international	O
Balkan	B-LOC
development	O
program	O
.	O


Belgrade	B-GPE
now	O
hopes	O
to	O
join	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Monetary	I-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
.	O


At	O
home	O
,	O
President	O
Vojislav	B-PERSON
Kostunica	I-PERSON
says	O
that	O
he	O
intends	O
to	O
promote	O
democracy	O
and	O
free	O
speech	O
,	O
but	O
Kostunica	B-PERSON
just	O
might	O
have	O
second	B-ORDINAL
thoughts	O
,	O
once	O
a	O
theater	O
group	O
that	O
roasted	O
his	O
predecessor	O
over	O
the	O
coals	O
starts	O
turning	O
him	O
on	O
a	O
spit	O
.	O


The	O
World	B-ORG
's	O
Nened	B-PERSON
Chebeck	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-NORP
capital	O
.	O


These	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
at	O
almost	O
every	O
street	O
corner	O
in	O
central	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
stall	O
selling	O
compact	O
discs	O
with	O
protest	O
songs	O
against	O
the	O
former	O
regime	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
tune	O
blaring	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
speakers	O
goes	O
like	O
this	O
,	O
``	O
attention	O
,	O
attention	O
,	O
last	O
train	O
for	O
Serbia	B-GPE
via	O
day	B-DATE
stop	O
Kosovo	B-GPE
and	O
The	B-GPE
Hague	I-GPE
is	O
departing	O
with	O
a	O
ten	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
delay	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
the	O
latest	O
hit	O
by	O
the	O
satirical	O
theater	O
called	O
``	O
Index	B-ORG
''	O
.	O


They	O
started	O
off	O
20	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
in	O
a	O
local	O
radio	O
station	O
and	O
became	O
an	O
enormous	O
success	O
on	O
stage	O
and	O
not	O
just	O
here	O
in	O
Serbia	B-GPE
.	O


They	O
toured	O
the	O
world	O
and	O
performed	O
wherever	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
emigrant	O
community	O
from	O
the	O
former	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
scattered	O
by	O
the	O
wars	O
here	O
,	O
from	O
Australia	B-GPE
to	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
where	O
Index	B-ORG
will	O
be	O
returning	O
in	O
late	B-DATE
November	I-DATE
.	O


This	O
song	O
is	O
from	O
their	O
latest	O
play	O
,	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Last	I-WORK_OF_ART
Train	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
Serbia	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
which	O
was	O
recorded	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
protestors	O
stormed	O
the	O
federal	O
parliament	O
in	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
main	O
television	O
stations	O
.	O


The	O
song	O
speaks	O
of	O
panic	O
in	O
the	O
household	O
of	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
.	O


Even	O
before	O
the	O
former	O
President	O
conceded	O
defeat	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Index	I-ORG
Theater	I-ORG
performed	O
live	O
on	O
an	O
improvised	O
stage	O
outside	O
the	O
parliament	O
,	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
a	O
crowd	O
of	O
some	O
300,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
.	O


Actor	O
Drugewbo	B-PERSON
Unitich	I-PERSON
tells	O
how	O
the	O
show	O
began	O
.	O


The	O
first	B-ORDINAL
thing	O
that	O
I	O
told	O
them	O
was	O
please	O
let	O
us	O
close	O
our	O
eyes	O
and	O
just	O
listen	O
.	O


When	O
they	O
did	O
that	O
and	O
I	O
saw	O
them	O
and	O
I	O
told	O
them	O
in	O
a	O
voice	O
of	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
,	O
``	O
Ladies	O
and	O
gentleman	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
definitely	O
finished	O
.	O
''	O


Only	O
3	B-CARDINAL
or	O
4	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
after	O
that	O
he	O
appeared	O
on	O
television	O
and	O
said	O
something	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
.	O


Yubitrich	B-PERSON
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
popular	O
actors	O
and	O
he	O
owes	O
it	O
to	O
his	O
skilful	O
portrayal	O
of	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
.	O


Getting	O
into	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
's	O
shoes	O
even	O
on	O
stage	O
,	O
was	O
quite	O
a	O
temptation	O
says	O
Yubitrich	B-PERSON
.	O


I	O
always	O
felt	O
when	O
I	O
enter	O
his	O
person	O
,	O
Okay	O
,	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
do	O
whatever	O
I	O
want	O
and	O
I	O
always	O
molested	O
our	O
fellow	O
players	O
you	O
know	O
.	O


So	O
being	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
is	O
something	O
which	O
I	O
can	O
compare	O
to	O
taking	O
a	O
dangerous	O
drug	O
.	O


But	O
with	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
out	O
of	O
the	O
way	O
,	O
what	O
next	O
for	O
Serbia	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
popular	O
satirical	O
group	O
?	O


Writer	O
Vojislav	B-PERSON
Jonetic	I-PERSON
says	O
he	O
is	O
confident	O
the	O
new	O
Yugoslav	B-NORP
government	O
will	O
provide	O
plenty	O
of	O
fresh	O
material	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
have	O
plenty	O
of	O
politicians	O
,	O
which	O
we	O
can	O
play	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
have	O
plenty	O
of	O
idiotic	O
situations	O
in	O
Serbian	B-NORP
politics	O
.	O


Political	O
satirical	O
theater	O
is	O
something	O
which	O
you	O
can	O
apply	O
best	O
to	O
the	O
societies	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
in	O
some	O
kind	O
of	O
crisis	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
still	O
in	O
crisis	O
and	O
we	O
will	O
be	O
I	O
think	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
current	O
crisis	O
Jonetic	B-PERSON
hopes	O
will	O
at	O
least	O
be	O
one	B-CARDINAL
where	O
government	O
critics	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
branded	O
as	O
traitors	O
and	O
be	O
banned	O
from	O
public	O
performances	O
.	O


Index	B-ORG
Theater	I-ORG
is	O
planning	O
a	O
huge	O
comeback	O
now	O
with	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
shows	O
in	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
even	O
though	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
is	O
under	O
de	O
facto	O
house	O
arrest	O
in	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
,	O
he	O
is	O
very	O
much	O
present	O
on	O
the	O
repertoire	O
of	O
political	O
humors	O
,	O
says	O
his	O
impersonator	O
,	O
Dragewbo	B-PERSON
Yubitrich	I-PERSON
.	O


I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
share	O
one	B-CARDINAL
joke	O
with	O
the	O
listeners	O
of	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
.	O


It	O
's	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
2004	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
Serbia	B-GPE
it	O
is	O
57th	B-ORDINAL
round	O
of	O
elections	O
from	O
September	B-DATE
2000	I-DATE
and	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
appears	O
on	O
national	O
tv	O
and	O
says	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
greet	O
you	O
as	O
your	O
new	O
President	O
,	O
my	O
name	O
is	O
Vojislav	B-PERSON
Kostunica	I-PERSON
''	O
.	O


Yubitrich	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
he	O
has	O
already	O
set	O
his	O
sights	O
on	O
the	O
new	O
Yugoslav	B-NORP
President	O
,	O
Kostunica	B-PERSON
and	O
will	O
most	O
likely	O
be	O
impersonating	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
not	O
as	O
easy	O
to	O
make	O
fun	O
of	O
yet	O
Yubitritch	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
unlike	O
Milosevic	B-PERSON
,	O
but	O
that	O
does	O
n't	O
mean	O
he	O
will	O
escape	O
the	O
scrutiny	O
and	O
sharp	O
wits	O
of	O
Index	B-ORG
Theater	I-ORG
.	O


For	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
,	O
this	O
is	O
Nenad	B-PERSON
Chebeck	I-PERSON
in	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
.	O


This	O
is	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
,	O
I	O
am	O
Lisa	B-PERSON
Mullins	I-PERSON
.	O


Up	O
next	O
a	O
global	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
beat	O
laid	O
down	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
and	O
danced	O
to	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-NORP
African	I-NORP
nation	O
of	O
Senegal	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
World	B-ORG
's	O
Marco	B-PERSON
Warman	I-PERSON
has	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
musical	O
finale	O
.	O


Imagine	O
trying	O
to	O
translate	O
the	O
lyrics	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Sugar	I-ORG
Hill	I-ORG
Gang	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
notorious	O
rap	O
classic	O
,	O
Rapper	B-WORK_OF_ART
's	I-WORK_OF_ART
Delight	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


Fortunately	O
for	O
rap	O
fans	O
in	O
the	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
capital	O
,	O
Dakar	B-GPE
translating	O
these	O
tunes	O
is	O
n't	O
necessary	O
.	O


The	O
city	O
has	O
its	O
own	O
homegrown	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
scene	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
a	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
but	O
African	B-NORP
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
with	O
African	B-NORP
instruments	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
African	B-NORP
chant	O
,	O
traditional	O
sounds	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
Amidu	B-PERSON
Barry	I-PERSON
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
duo	O
Positive	B-ORG
Black	I-ORG
Soul	I-ORG
or	O
PBS	B-ORG
.	O


They	O
are	O
the	O
doyens	O
of	O
Dakar	B-GPE
's	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
scene	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Sugar	I-ORG
Hill	I-ORG
Gang	I-ORG
of	O
Senegal	B-GPE
if	O
you	O
will	O
.	O


Positive	B-ORG
Black	I-ORG
Soul	I-ORG
sings	O
in	O
Senegal	B-GPE
's	O
main	O
language	O
Wolof	B-LANGUAGE
but	O
if	O
the	O
music	O
sounds	O
like	O
it	O
comes	O
straight	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
Bronx	B-GPE
,	O
well	O
,	O
you	O
are	O
not	O
far	O
off	O
.	O


PBS	B-ORG
produce	O
their	O
albums	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
.	O


Lead	O
singer	O
Amidu	B-PERSON
Berry	I-PERSON
says	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
producers	O
make	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
in	O
any	O
language	O
come	O
out	O
sounding	O
right	O
.	O


They	O
know	O
how	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
record	O
sound	O
good	O
.	O


They	O
know	O
the	O
sound	O
of	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
got	O
the	O
equipment	O
and	O
the	O
engineers	O
and	O
they	O
know	O
how	O
to	O
handle	O
it	O
.	O


But	O
Positive	B-ORG
Black	I-ORG
Soul	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
music	O
is	O
first	B-ORDINAL
and	O
foremost	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
music	O
.	O


When	O
American	B-NORP
saxophonist	O
David	B-PERSON
Murray	I-PERSON
recorded	O
his	O
acclaimed	O
afrocentric	O
jazz	O
album	O
,	O
Fo	B-WORK_OF_ART
Juke	I-WORK_OF_ART
Review	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	O
Dakar	B-GPE
,	O
he	O
recruited	O
Amidu	B-PERSON
Berry	I-PERSON
and	O
DJ	B-PERSON
Awadi	I-PERSON
from	O
PBS	B-ORG
to	O
show	O
what	O
an	O
edge	O
West	B-NORP
African	I-NORP
music	O
can	O
really	O
have	O
.	O


When	O
Awadi	B-PERSON
and	O
Barry	B-PERSON
performed	O
,	O
they	O
managed	O
simultaneously	O
to	O
bathe	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
of	O
American	B-NORP
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
and	O
they	O
keep	O
a	O
clear	O
sense	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
from	O
Senegal	B-GPE
.	O


This	O
connection	O
to	O
national	O
and	O
musical	O
identities	O
results	O
partly	O
from	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
many	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
artists	O
want	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
Senegal	B-GPE
to	O
live	O
and	O
work	O
says	O
PBS	B-ORG
singer	O
Tidia	B-PERSON
Awadi	I-PERSON
.	O


It	O
is	O
because	O
they	O
know	O
they	O
have	O
the	O
inspiration	O
in	O
their	O
country	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
everybody	O
want	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
his	O
country	O
,	O
want	O
to	O
die	O
in	O
his	O
country	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
can	O
stay	O
and	O
make	O
it	O
happen	O
,	O
the	O
place	O
where	O
you	O
was	O
born	O
,	O
where	O
you	O
grew	O
up	O
then	O
try	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
there	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
possible	O
.	O


Senegalese	B-NORP
rappers	O
are	O
also	O
identified	O
by	O
what	O
they	O
say	O
in	O
their	O
tracks	O
.	O


Western	B-NORP
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
lyrics	O
often	O
revolve	O
around	O
the	O
accumulation	O
of	O
material	O
wealth	O
and	O
throwing	O
parties	O
.	O


PBS	B-ORG
and	O
other	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
rap	O
groups	O
have	O
different	O
concerns	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
grim	O
lyrics	O
to	O
Leboho	B-WORK_OF_ART
Inwa	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
the	O
executioner	O
is	O
black	O
.	O


PBS	B-ORG
raps	O
that	O
Africans	B-NORP
are	O
their	O
worst	O
enemies	O
.	O


Front	O
man	O
Amidu	B-PERSON
Barry	I-PERSON
may	O
look	O
like	O
he	O
got	O
his	O
moves	O
on	O
the	O
streets	O
of	O
Brooklyn	B-GPE
but	O
his	O
critique	O
of	O
post-colonial	O
finger	O
pointing	O
in	O
Africa	B-LOC
tells	O
a	O
different	O
story	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
in	O
Africa	B-LOC
every	O
time	O
you	O
know	O
something	O
bad	O
happens	O
,	O
everybody	O
like	O
you	O
know	O
is	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
white	O
man	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
colonization	O
,	O
the	O
slavery	O
.	O


They	O
do	O
n't	O
realize	O
that	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
real	O
execution	O
is	O
really	O
black	O
's	O
black	O
like	O
them	O
.	O


So	O
before	O
they	O
say	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
white	O
man	O
tangle	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
's	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
white	O
man	O
that	O
this	O
happens	O
and	O
they	O
got	O
to	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
check	O
around	O
and	O
they	O
say	O
who	O
is	O
the	O
real	O
guilty	O
.	O


We	O
got	O
to	O
accept	O
it	O
and	O
try	O
to	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
change	O
the	O
things	O
,	O
make	O
the	O
things	O
better	O
.	O


Positive	B-ORG
Black	I-ORG
Soul	I-ORG
are	O
now	O
the	O
oldsters	O
of	O
Dakar	B-GPE
's	O
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
scene	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
established	O
the	O
template	O
of	O
social	O
consciousness	O
that	O
many	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
groups	O
follow	O
like	O
Bootin	B-ORG
Bye	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
recently	O
scored	O
this	O
hit	O
about	O
AIDS	O
prevention	O
.	O


Again	O
Amidu	B-PERSON
Barry	I-PERSON
from	O
Postive	B-ORG
Black	I-ORG
Soul	I-ORG
.	O


When	O
we	O
started	O
there	O
were	O
maybe	O
two	B-CARDINAL
or	O
three	B-CARDINAL
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
groups	O
in	O
Dakar	B-GPE
and	O
now	O
today	B-DATE
we	O
got	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
2000	I-CARDINAL
groups	O
only	O
in	O
Dakar	B-GPE
,	O
let	O
's	O
say	O
in	O
Senegal	B-GPE
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
bands	O
?	O


Hip	O
-	O
hop	O
bands	O
only	O
in	O
Dakar	B-GPE
,	O
not	O
the	O
whole	O
Senegal	B-GPE
.	O


So	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
is	O
amazing	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
fantastic	O
,	O
extraordinary	O
.	O


Just	O
how	O
extraordinary	O
can	O
be	O
heard	O
on	O
a	O
recent	O
French	B-LANGUAGE
recording	O
.	O


The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Hop	I-WORK_OF_ART
is	O
a	O
compilation	O
featuring	O
Dakar	B-GPE
's	O
biggest	O
rap	O
stars	O
from	O
Bidu	B-ORG
Bubes	I-ORG
to	O
the	O
current	O
kings	O
of	O
Senegalese	B-NORP
hip	O
-	O
hop	O
Daura	B-ORG
G	I-ORG
.	O


That	O
kind	O
of	O
success	O
needs	O
no	O
translation	O
.	O


For	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
,	O
I	O
am	O
Mark	B-PERSON
Warmen	I-PERSON
.	O


Clashes	O
continued	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
the	B-GPE
West	I-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
and	O
Gaza	B-GPE
.	O


Palestinian	B-NORP
gunmen	O
fired	O
on	O
an	O
Israeli	B-NORP
car	O
killing	O
the	O
driver	O
.	O


Earlier	B-TIME
today	I-TIME
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
guarding	O
a	O
Jewish	B-NORP
settlement	O
shot	O
and	O
killed	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
man	O
who	O
was	O
later	O
identified	O
as	O
an	O
intelligence	O
officer	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Israeli	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
man	O
had	O
been	O
approaching	O
the	O
guard	O
post	O
in	O
a	O
suspicious	O
manner	O
.	O


In	O
Haiti	B-GPE
,	O
Jean	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Bertrand	I-PERSON
Aristide	I-PERSON
has	O
been	O
declared	O
the	O
winner	O
in	O
last	B-DATE
Sunday	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
controversial	O
presidential	O
election	O
.	O


NPR	B-ORG
's	O
Jerry	B-PERSON
Hadden	I-PERSON
reports	O
.	O


Former	O
President	O
Aristide	B-PERSON
won	O
with	O
92	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
vote	O
according	O
to	O
Haitian	B-NORP
election	O
officials	O
.	O


The	O
sweeping	O
victory	O
was	O
expected	O
since	O
Aristide	B-PERSON
ran	O
virtually	O
unopposed	O
.	O


Opposition	O
candidates	O
boycotted	O
the	O
vote	O
citing	O
tainted	O
legislative	O
elections	O
last	B-DATE
May	I-DATE
.	O


Aristide	B-PERSON
was	O
elected	O
President	O
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
ten	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
and	O
served	O
just	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
before	O
a	O
military	O
coup	O
sent	O
him	O
into	O
exile	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
.	O


He	O
now	O
faces	O
huge	O
obstacles	O
as	O
Haiti	B-GPE
's	O
leader	O
.	O


His	O
country	O
is	O
the	O
poorest	O
in	O
the	O
hemisphere	O
and	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
community	O
has	O
shunned	O
him	O
.	O


On	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
UN	B-ORG
Secretary	O
General	O
Kofi	B-PERSON
Annan	I-PERSON
called	O
on	O
his	O
organization	O
to	O
close	O
its	O
mission	O
in	O
Haiti	B-GPE
citing	O
the	O
unstable	O
political	O
climate	O
.	O


Though	O
a	O
spate	O
of	O
pre-election	O
violence	O
kept	O
some	O
Haitians	B-NORP
away	O
from	O
the	O
polls	O
on	O
Sunday	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
voting	O
itself	O
went	O
relatively	O
smoothly	O
.	O


Jerry	B-PERSON
Hadden	I-PERSON
,	O
NPR	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
.	O


This	O
is	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
World	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


I	O
am	O
Tony	B-PERSON
Kahn	I-PERSON
.	O


Gao	B-PERSON
Xingjian	I-PERSON
arrived	O
in	O
Stockholm	B-GPE
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
and	O
when	O
he	O
leaves	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
born	O
writer	O
will	O
have	O
something	O
extra	O
in	O
his	O
suitcase	O
,	O
the	B-WORK_OF_ART
Nobel	I-WORK_OF_ART
Prize	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
Literature	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


Today	O
Gao	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
now	O
lives	O
in	O
France	B-GPE
,	O
gave	O
the	O
traditional	O
Nobel	B-WORK_OF_ART
lecture	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
festivities	O
leading	O
up	O
to	O
Sunday	B-DATE
's	O
ceremony	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
he	O
collects	O
the	O
prize	O
.	O


Gao	B-PERSON
's	O
1989	B-DATE
novel	O
`	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soul	I-WORK_OF_ART
Mountain	I-WORK_OF_ART
'	I-WORK_OF_ART
will	O
be	O
published	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
what	O
Gao	B-PERSON
Xingjian	I-PERSON
is	O
all	O
about	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
thinker	O
and	O
as	O
an	O
artist	O
,	O
our	O
international	O
book	O
critic	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
Meryl	I-PERSON
says	O
Gao	B-PERSON
's	O
masterpiece	O
is	O
an	O
ideal	O
starting	O
point	O
.	O


His	O
politics	O
are	O
embedded	O
in	O
his	O
writing	O
and	O
his	O
writing	O
is	O
first	B-ORDINAL
and	O
foremost	O
a	O
celebration	O
of	O
freedom	O
.	O


This	O
novel	O
`	B-WORK_OF_ART
soul	I-WORK_OF_ART
mountain	I-WORK_OF_ART
'	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
which	O
is	O
just	O
being	O
released	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
is	O
in	O
every	O
possible	O
way	O
a	O
celebration	O
of	O
what	O
freedom	O
means	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
a	O
large	O
novel	O
,	O
full	O
of	O
all	O
kinds	O
of	O
ideas	O
and	O
incidents	O
and	O
stories	O
and	O
tales	O
and	O
a	O
polyphony	O
of	O
voices	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
like	O
,	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
wrapped	O
up	O
in	O
500	B-CARDINAL
pages	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
world	O
at	O
its	O
most	O
carnival	O
-	O
like	O
,	O
and	O
yet	O
it	O
is	O
virtually	O
impossible	O
,	O
is	O
n't	O
it	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
Chinese	B-NORP
artist	O
to	O
do	O
something	O
or	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
statement	O
without	O
its	O
having	O
some	O
kind	O
of	O
either	O
political	O
effect	O
or	O
be	O
political	O
in	O
origin	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
this	O
man	O
took	O
the	O
trip	O
on	O
which	O
the	O
novel	O
was	O
based	O
for	O
political	O
reasons	O
,	O
did	O
he	O
not	O
?	O


Certainly	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
born	O
in	O
1940	B-DATE
.	O


He	O
is	O
a	O
product	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
Cultural	I-EVENT
Revolution	I-EVENT
.	O


In	O
fact	O
he	O
had	O
to	O
burn	O
up	O
an	O
entire	O
suitcase	O
full	O
of	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
poems	O
and	O
plays	O
and	O
stories	O
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
Cultural	I-EVENT
Revolution	I-EVENT
in	O
fear	O
of	O
going	O
to	O
prison	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
in	O
1983	B-DATE
after	O
being	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
lung	O
cancer	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
killed	O
his	O
father	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
and	O
being	O
convinced	O
that	O
he	O
himself	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
die	O
,	O
he	O
gets	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
reprieve	O
.	O


He	O
gets	O
a	O
second	B-ORDINAL
chest	O
X-ray	O
,	O
discovers	O
that	O
he	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
lung	O
cancer	O
,	O
recognizes	O
that	O
by	O
virtue	O
of	O
the	O
kinds	O
of	O
things	O
that	O
he	O
is	O
writing	O
,	O
his	O
openness	O
to	O
Western	B-NORP
literary	O
ideas	O
,	O
that	O
he	O
is	O
in	O
political	O
trouble	O
again	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
he	O
sets	O
out	O
on	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
odyssey	O
of	O
some	B-QUANTITY
15,000	I-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
,	O
mostly	O
on	O
foot	O
,	O
which	O
he	O
takes	O
through	O
southwestern	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


He	O
had	O
survived	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
will	O
,	O
a	O
death	O
sentence	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
in	O
that	O
new	O
freedom	O
of	O
the	O
life	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
him	O
,	O
he	O
takes	O
to	O
the	O
road	O
in	O
the	O
tradition	O
of	O
old	O
Chinese	B-NORP
poets	O
and	O
records	O
what	O
he	O
sees	O
,	O
what	O
he	O
hears	O
,	O
the	O
stories	O
that	O
he	O
is	O
told	O
.	O


The	O
book	O
is	O
filled	O
with	O
marvelous	O
descriptions	O
of	O
the	O
gorges	O
through	O
which	O
he	O
walks	O
,	O
the	O
mountains	O
that	O
he	O
climbs	O
,	O
indeed	O
the	O
book	O
is	O
called	O
Soul	B-WORK_OF_ART
Mountain	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
the	O
mountain	O
on	O
which	O
he	O
hopes	O
in	O
some	O
way	O
or	O
another	O
to	O
get	O
in	O
touch	O
with	O
his	O
soul	O
,	O
his	O
individual	O
soul	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
that	O
mass	O
kind	O
of	O
soul	O
being	O
enforced	O
upon	O
him	O
by	O
the	O
Communist	B-NORP
Chinese	B-NORP
authorities	O
,	O
the	O
social	O
realism	O
that	O
the	O
cadres	O
would	O
have	O
him	O
write	O
in	O
.	O


Not	O
only	O
can	O
this	O
fellow	O
write	O
,	O
he	O
can	O
paint	O
too	O
,	O
ca	O
n't	O
he	O
?	O


He	O
is	O
best	O
known	O
among	O
his	O
neighbors	O
in	O
Paris	B-GPE
as	O
a	O
painter	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
had	O
more	O
than	O
30	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
-	O
man	O
shows	O
and	O
his	O
paintings	O
are	O
quite	O
delicately	O
done	O
and	O
there	O
he	O
is	O
also	O
very	O
well	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
playwright	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
he	O
has	O
published	O
about	B-CARDINAL
18	I-CARDINAL
plays	O
now	O
and	O
he	O
writes	O
his	O
plays	O
in	O
French	B-LANGUAGE
.	O


Just	O
one	B-CARDINAL
last	O
thing	O
quoting	O
him	O
and	O
I	O
wonder	O
if	O
you	O
could	O
respond	O
to	O
this	O
,	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
,	O
he	O
said	O
at	O
the	O
very	O
beginning	O
of	O
his	O
wonderful	O
speech	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Nobel	I-ORG
Prize	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
wish	O
to	O
waste	O
this	O
talk	O
on	O
literature	O
by	O
saying	O
too	O
much	O
about	O
politics	O
and	O
history	O
,	O
What	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
opportunity	O
to	O
speak	O
as	O
one	O
writer	O
in	O
the	O
voice	O
of	O
an	O
individual	O
.	O
''	O


Is	O
that	O
true	O
basically	O
not	O
only	O
for	O
him	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
today	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
of	O
all	O
of	O
his	O
work	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
the	O
work	O
that	O
we	O
have	O
so	O
far	O
in	O
English	B-LANGUAGE
translation	O
suggests	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
indeed	O
this	O
novel	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
celebration	O
as	O
well	O
of	O
the	O
self	O
of	O
the	O
individual	O
,	O
goes	O
so	O
far	O
as	O
to	O
even	O
divide	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
self	O
.	O


Characters	O
proliferate	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
imagination	O
of	O
the	O
narrator	O
so	O
that	O
at	O
a	O
certain	O
point	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
new	O
he	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
new	O
she	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
you	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
characters	O
tells	O
stories	O
,	O
each	O
story	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
give	O
you	O
a	O
deeper	O
sense	O
of	O
the	O
richness	O
and	O
the	O
complexity	O
of	O
life	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


Christopher	B-PERSON
Meryl	I-PERSON
is	O
Director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Writing	I-ORG
Program	I-ORG
at	O
the	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Iowa	I-ORG
and	O
our	O
international	O
book	O
citric	O
.	O


Thanks	O
,	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
released	O
a	O
government	O
policy	O
paper	O
today	B-DATE
about	O
population	O
and	O
development	O
.	O


The	O
paper	O
said	O
Beijing	B-GPE
hopes	O
to	O
cap	O
its	O
population	O
at	O
1.6	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
by	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
2050	I-DATE
.	O


NPR	B-ORG
's	O
Rob	B-PERSON
Gifford	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
capital	O
.	O


The	O
Chinese	B-NORP
government	O
today	B-DATE
credited	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
child	O
policy	O
with	O
dramatically	O
improving	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
for	O
citizens	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
populous	O
nation	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
's	O
population	O
currently	O
stands	O
at	O
1.26	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
,	O
still	O
the	O
largest	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
paper	O
says	O
that	O
if	O
it	O
were	O
n't	O
for	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
child	O
policy	O
that	O
figure	O
would	O
be	O
300	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
higher	O
.	O


The	O
white	O
paper	O
says	O
the	O
economy	O
still	O
faces	O
a	O
daunting	O
challenge	O
coping	O
with	O
the	O
net	O
annual	O
increase	O
of	O
10	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
people	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
decade	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
says	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
grapple	O
with	O
problems	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
rapidly	O
aging	O
population	O
and	O
lack	O
of	O
an	O
extensive	O
social	O
security	O
system	O
.	O


Rob	B-PERSON
Gifford	I-PERSON
,	O
NPR	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
has	O
pardoned	O
a	O
former	O
leading	O
member	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Representatives	I-ORG
convicted	O
of	O
corruption	O
charges	O
in	O
1996	B-DATE
.	O


Former	O
Chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Ways	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Means	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Dan	B-PERSON
Rostenkowski	I-PERSON
was	O
among	O
59	B-CARDINAL
convicted	O
criminals	O
pardoned	O
by	O
the	O
President	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
sentenced	O
to	O
17	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
in	O
prison	O
and	O
fined	O
100,000	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
after	O
pleading	O
guilty	O
to	O
mail	O
fraud	O
.	O


Clinton	B-PERSON
is	O
also	O
considering	O
clemency	O
for	O
several	O
other	O
convicted	O
criminals	O
.	O


BBC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
for	O
The	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
London	B-GPE
,	O
I	O
am	O
James	B-PERSON
Cowling	I-PERSON
.	O


Iraqi	B-NORP
leader	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
has	O
given	O
a	O
defiant	O
speech	O
to	O
mark	O
the	O
tenth	B-ORDINAL
anniversary	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
Gulf	I-EVENT
War	I-EVENT
.	O


He	O
says	O
Iraq	B-GPE
has	O
triumphed	O
over	O
the	O
evil	O
of	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
.	O


Barbara	B-PERSON
Plett	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
addressed	O
the	O
nation	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
filled	O
with	O
rhetoric	O
and	O
a	O
declaration	O
of	O
victory	O
.	O


``	O
Iraq	B-GPE
has	O
triumphed	O
over	O
its	O
enemies	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
and	O
it	O
will	O
triumph	O
in	O
the	O
remaining	O
rounds	O
of	O
the	O
battle	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
leader	O
said	O
the	B-EVENT
Gulf	I-EVENT
War	I-EVENT
was	O
a	O
confrontation	O
between	O
good	O
and	O
evil	O
that	O
continues	O
to	O
this	O
day	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
referring	O
to	O
his	O
struggle	O
against	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
strongly	O
supports	O
the	O
economic	O
embargo	O
meant	O
to	O
force	O
him	O
to	O
disarm	O
.	O


After	O
the	O
speech	O
demonstrators	O
gathered	O
in	O
a	O
public	O
show	O
of	O
support	O
for	O
their	O
President	O
.	O


A	O
sense	O
of	O
nationalism	O
has	O
grown	O
stronger	O
here	O
as	O
many	O
people	O
rally	O
against	O
what	O
they	O
say	O
is	O
a	O
siege	O
on	O
their	O
country	O
.	O


Barbara	B-PERSON
Plett	I-PERSON
,	O
BBC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


Welcome	O
to	O
another	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
of	O
news	O
and	O
information	O
here	O
on	O
the	B-ORG
Voice	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
America	I-ORG
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Victor	B-PERSON
Moralis	I-PERSON
along	O
with	O
David	B-PERSON
Chadwick	I-PERSON
on	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Now	I-ORG
.	O


India	B-GPE
has	O
signed	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
deals	O
with	O
Russia	B-GPE
to	O
acquire	O
an	O
aircraft	O
carrier	O
,	O
fighter	O
jets	O
and	O
tanks	O
.	O


The	O
deals	O
were	O
signed	O
as	O
Russian	B-NORP
President	O
Vladimir	B-PERSON
Putin	I-PERSON
concluded	O
his	O
talks	O
with	O
Indian	B-NORP
leaders	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
Delhi	I-GPE
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
also	O
signed	O
a	O
strategic	O
partnership	O
agreement	O
,	O
obligating	O
both	O
countries	O
to	O
avoid	O
joining	O
political	O
or	O
military	O
alliances	O
against	O
each	O
other	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
agreed	O
to	O
form	O
a	O
joint	O
working	O
group	O
for	O
mutual	O
concerns	O
on	O
terrorism	O
.	O


News	B-ORG
Now	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Susan	B-PERSON
Yakie	I-PERSON
spoke	O
with	O
our	O
New	B-GPE
Delhi	I-GPE
correspondent	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Teeple	I-PERSON
about	O
the	O
Russian	B-NORP
leader	O
's	O
visit	O
and	O
his	O
comments	O
about	O
the	O
situation	O
in	O
the	O
disputed	O
Kashmir	B-GPE
region	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
exactly	O
what	O
the	O
Indians	B-NORP
wanted	O
to	O
hear	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
dispute	O
over	O
Kashmir	B-GPE
between	O
India	B-GPE
and	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
should	O
be	O
solved	O
bilaterally	O
and	O
that	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
no	O
outside	O
interference	O
,	O
as	O
he	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
this	O
question	O
.	O


Now	O
this	O
is	O
something	O
the	O
Indians	O
have	O
been	O
saying	O
all	O
along	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
wants	O
international	O
attention	O
focussed	O
on	O
Kashmir	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
also	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
supports	O
India	B-GPE
's	O
tough	O
approach	O
to	O
the	O
external	O
violence	O
in	O
Kashmir	B-GPE
as	O
he	O
described	O
it	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
another	O
thing	O
that	O
the	O
Indians	B-NORP
were	O
glad	O
to	O
hear	O
him	O
say	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
also	O
said	O
that	O
both	O
India	B-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
suffer	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
sort	O
of	O
terrorism	O
,	O
as	O
he	O
put	O
it	O
,	O
referring	O
of	O
course	O
to	O
the	O
separatist	O
militancies	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
in	O
Jammu	B-GPE
and	O
Kashmir	B-GPE
.	O


So	O
on	O
balance	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
Indians	B-NORP
heard	O
anything	O
from	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
that	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
hear	O
.	O


What	O
sort	O
of	O
hold	O
does	O
Russia	B-GPE
have	O
on	O
India	B-GPE
and	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
?	O


Russia	B-GPE
has	O
very	O
little	O
influence	O
with	O
Pakistan	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
of	O
course	O
Russia	B-GPE
supplies	O
India	B-GPE
with	O
70	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
military	O
hardware	O
and	O
that	O
was	O
of	O
course	O
the	O
second	O
pillar	O
here	O
of	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
to	O
finalize	O
some	O
very	O
substantial	O
arms	O
deals	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
we	O
're	O
hearing	O
that	O
those	O
deals	O
have	O
now	O
been	O
finalized	O
,	O
that	O
Russia	B-GPE
will	O
sell	O
India	B-GPE
300	B-CARDINAL
tanks	O
,	O
T	B-PRODUCT
-	I-PRODUCT
90	I-PRODUCT
tanks	O
,	O
very	O
advanced	O
tanks	O
,	O
that	O
Russia	B-GPE
will	O
also	O
sell	O
to	O
India	B-GPE
some	O
Sukoi	B-PRODUCT
-	I-PRODUCT
30	I-PRODUCT
bombers	O
,	O
fighter	O
-	O
bombers	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
allow	O
India	B-GPE
to	O
assemble	O
about	B-CARDINAL
140	I-CARDINAL
of	O
these	O
bombers	O
here	O
in	O
India	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
also	O
going	O
to	O
finalize	O
a	O
deal	O
whereby	O
India	B-GPE
will	O
acquire	O
the	O
Admiral	O
Gorshkov	B-PERSON
.	O


That	O
's	O
an	O
old	O
Russian	B-NORP
aircraft	O
carrier	O
that	O
India	B-GPE
has	O
wanted	O
to	O
get	O
for	O
some	O
time	O
because	O
India	B-GPE
only	O
has	O
one	O
other	O
aircraft	O
carrier	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
carrier	O
in	O
particular	O
would	O
allow	O
the	B-ORG
Indian	I-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
to	O
extend	O
its	O
strategic	O
strength	O
much	O
farther	O
than	O
it	O
currently	O
can	O
now	O
.	O


So	O
indeed	O
Russia	B-GPE
does	O
have	O
quite	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
influence	O
here	O
.	O


These	O
ties	O
have	O
gone	O
way	O
back	O
,	O
nearly	B-DATE
40	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
they	O
were	O
strengthened	O
considerably	O
by	O
this	O
visit	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
both	O
countries	O
have	O
now	O
agreed	O
to	O
combat	O
what	O
they	O
call	O
terrorism	O
with	O
joint	O
groups	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
also	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
joint	O
working	O
group	O
on	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
is	O
of	O
course	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
concern	O
for	O
both	O
countries	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
by	O
a	O
Russian	B-NORP
leader	O
in	O
seven	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Why	O
does	O
the	O
trip	O
come	O
now	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
his	O
trip	O
has	O
actually	O
been	O
delayed	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Russian	B-NORP
President	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
visit	O
India	B-GPE
as	O
early	O
as	O
97	B-DATE
-	O
1998	B-DATE
,	O
but	O
of	O
course	O
Boris	B-PERSON
Yeltsin	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
health	O
problems	O
got	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
of	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Yeltsin	B-PERSON
's	O
abrupt	O
resignation	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
another	O
visit	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
subsequent	O
election	O
campaign	O
and	O
inauguration	O
of	O
Vladimir	B-PERSON
Putin	I-PERSON
took	O
some	O
time	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
put	O
off	O
for	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
years	O
.	O


But	O
there	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
delays	O
in	O
other	O
areas	O
.	O


These	O
arms	O
agreements	O
that	O
we	O
were	O
just	O
speaking	O
about	O
have	O
taken	O
quite	O
some	O
time	O
to	O
finalize	O
.	O


How	O
does	O
this	O
visit	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
compare	O
to	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
?	O


That	O
's	O
an	O
interesting	O
question	O
because	O
Vladimir	B-PERSON
Putin	I-PERSON
on	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
addressed	O
the	B-ORG
Indian	I-ORG
Parliament	I-ORG
just	O
as	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
had	O
done	O
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
safe	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
actually	O
probably	O
accomplished	O
more	O
than	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
did	O
in	O
the	O
hard	O
concrete	O
terms	O
of	O
arms	O
sales	O
and	O
that	O
sort	O
of	O
thing	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
that	O
stole	O
the	O
Indian	B-NORP
lawmakers	O
'	O
hearts	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
you	O
will	O
recall	O
when	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
the	O
parliament	O
there	O
was	O
an	O
ecstatic	O
welcome	O
for	O
him	O
.	O


The	O
Indian	B-NORP
lawmakers	O
were	O
sort	O
of	O
clambering	O
over	O
each	O
other	O
to	O
shake	O
his	O
hand	O
as	O
he	O
left	O
the	O
parliament	O
building	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
none	O
of	O
that	O
for	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
receive	O
a	O
very	O
warm	O
welcome	O
,	O
although	O
most	O
ordinary	O
Indians	B-NORP
who	O
were	O
actually	O
rather	O
captivated	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
did	O
not	O
really	O
pay	O
much	O
attention	O
to	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
his	O
visit	O
has	O
somewhat	O
been	O
ignored	O
and	O
in	O
fact	O
the	O
main	O
news	O
story	O
here	O
in	O
India	B-GPE
has	O
been	O
sort	O
of	O
a	O
local	O
controversy	O
over	O
the	O
roll	O
-	O
back	O
of	O
fuel	O
prices	O
rather	O
than	O
Mr.	O
Putin	B-PERSON
's	O
visit	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
do	O
what	O
he	O
had	O
to	O
do	O
and	O
he	O
certainly	O
strengthened	O
ties	O
in	O
a	O
strategic	O
sense	O
between	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
India	B-GPE
.	O


That	O
's	O
VOA	B-ORG
correspondent	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Teeple	I-PERSON
.	O


In	O
a	O
joint	O
statement	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
,	O
India	B-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
called	O
for	O
further	O
measures	O
against	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
's	O
dominant	O
Taliban	B-ORG
faction	O
.	O


The	O
statement	O
accuses	O
the	O
Taliban	B-ORG
of	O
supporting	O
international	O
terrorism	O
.	O


The	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
the	B-ORG
European	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
will	O
start	O
lifting	O
economic	O
sanctions	O
against	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
today	B-DATE
.	O


Among	O
the	O
sanctions	O
imposed	O
against	O
the	O
regime	O
of	O
former	O
President	O
Slobodan	B-PERSON
Milosevic	I-PERSON
during	O
the	O
fight	O
over	O
Kosovo	B-GPE
are	O
an	O
oil	O
embargo	O
and	O
a	O
ban	O
on	O
commercial	O
air	O
traffic	O
.	O


French	B-NORP
Foreign	B-ORG
Minister	O
Hubert	B-PERSON
Vedrine	I-PERSON
said	O
Sunday	B-DATE
that	O
relieving	O
the	O
pressure	O
on	O
Belgrade	B-GPE
's	O
devastated	O
economy	O
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
step	O
towards	O
supporting	O
the	O
new	O
President	O
Vojislav	B-PERSON
Kostunica	I-PERSON
and	O
reintegrating	O
Yugoslavia	B-GPE
into	O
a	O
democratic	O
Europe	B-GPE
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
helicopter	O
gunships	O
struck	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
targets	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
and	O
Gaza	B-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
,	O
Thursday	B-DATE
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
Prime	O
Minister	O
Ehud	B-PERSON
Barak	I-PERSON
said	O
the	O
attacks	O
were	O
in	O
retaliation	O
for	O
the	O
killing	O
of	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
.	O


This	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
,	O
the	O
entire	O
world	O
was	O
the	O
witness	O
of	O
a	O
cold	O
-	O
blooded	O
brutal	O
lynch	O
of	O
two	B-CARDINAL
or	O
three	B-CARDINAL
Israelis	B-NORP
within	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
police	O
station	O
in	O
Ramallah	B-GPE
in	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
-	O
controlled	O
territories	O
.	O


Late	B-TIME
Thursday	I-TIME
,	O
Mr.	O
Barak	B-PERSON
invited	O
Likud	B-ORG
opposition	O
leader	O
Ariel	B-PERSON
Sharon	I-PERSON
to	O
join	O
him	O
in	O
a	O
government	O
of	O
national	O
emergency	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
a	O
visit	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
to	O
a	O
Jerusalem	B-GPE
religious	O
holy	O
site	O
that	O
sparked	O
the	O
violence	O
that	O
began	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
between	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
protesters	O
.	O


UN	B-ORG
Secretary	O
General	O
Kofi	B-PERSON
Annan	I-PERSON
who	O
is	O
leading	O
mediation	O
efforts	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
urged	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
and	O
Israelis	B-NORP
,	O
Thursday	B-DATE
to	O
show	O
restraint	O
.	O


Both	O
Jordan	B-GPE
's	O
King	O
Abdullah	B-PERSON
and	O
Syria	B-GPE
's	O
President	O
Bashar	B-PERSON
al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Assad	I-PERSON
charged	O
Israel	B-GPE
with	O
insulting	O
Arabs	B-NORP
and	O
Muslims	B-NORP
by	O
violating	O
their	O
rights	O
at	O
holy	O
sites	O
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
has	O
told	O
a	O
memorial	O
service	O
for	O
the	O
victims	O
of	O
the	O
deadly	O
bomb	O
attack	O
on	O
the	B-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
that	O
justice	O
will	O
prevail	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
promised	O
the	O
gathering	O
at	O
the	B-FAC
Norfolk	I-FAC
Naval	I-FAC
station	I-FAC
Wednesday	B-DATE
that	O
those	O
who	O
carried	O
out	O
the	O
deadly	O
attack	O
that	O
killed	O
17	B-CARDINAL
sailors	O
will	O
be	O
found	O
.	O


To	O
those	O
who	O
attacked	O
them	O
,	O
we	O
say	O
you	O
will	O
not	O
find	O
a	O
safe	O
harbor	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
find	O
you	O
and	O
justice	O
will	O
prevail	O
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
President	O
Ali	B-PERSON
Abdul	I-PERSON
Salay	I-PERSON
said	O
important	O
evidence	O
had	O
been	O
uncovered	O
in	O
the	O
investigation	O
.	O


President	O
Salay	B-PERSON
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
two	B-CARDINAL
people	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
blast	O
were	O
killed	O
in	O
a	O
suicide	O
mission	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
attack	O
had	O
been	O
planned	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O


His	O
comments	O
were	O
not	O
immediately	O
confirmed	O
by	O
US	B-GPE
officials	O
who	O
are	O
leading	O
the	O
investigation	O
with	O
Yemen	B-GPE
's	O
help	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Voice	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
America	I-ORG
presents	O
differing	O
points	O
of	O
view	O
on	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
issues	O
.	O


Next	O
,	O
an	O
editorial	O
expressing	O
the	O
policies	O
of	O
the	O
United	B-GPE
States	I-GPE
government	O
.	O


This	O
month	B-DATE
's	O
visit	O
of	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
Prime	O
Minister	O
Sheikh	B-PERSON
Hasina	I-PERSON
to	O
Washington	B-GPE
is	O
further	O
evidence	O
of	O
the	O
strengthening	O
ties	O
between	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
follows	O
a	O
visit	O
last	B-DATE
March	I-DATE
by	O
President	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
to	O
Dhaka	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
capital	O
.	O


That	O
was	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
a	O
US	B-GPE
President	O
had	O
visited	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
US	B-GPE
is	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
's	O
largest	O
trading	O
partner	O
and	O
foreign	O
investor	O
.	O


US	B-GPE
investment	O
in	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
has	O
increased	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
from	O
20	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
to	O
around	O
800	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


Prime	O
Minister	O
Hasina	B-PERSON
and	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
expressed	O
the	O
hope	O
that	O
this	O
trend	O
will	O
continue	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
implementation	O
of	O
investor	O
-	O
friendly	O
policies	O
.	O


Both	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
government	O
and	O
American	B-NORP
businesses	O
,	O
welcomed	O
the	O
willingness	O
of	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
to	O
embrace	O
innovative	O
approaches	O
towards	O
sustainable	O
economic	O
growth	O
.	O


Among	O
other	O
things	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
has	O
worked	O
with	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
to	O
establish	O
the	B-ORG
Tropical	I-ORG
Forest	I-ORG
Conservation	I-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
of	O
its	O
kind	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


The	O
Fund	B-ORG
will	O
make	O
it	O
possible	O
for	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
to	O
redirect	O
some	O
debt	O
repayment	O
money	O
to	O
projects	O
and	O
at	O
preserving	O
unique	O
eco-systems	O
and	O
protecting	O
the	O
environment	O
.	O


The	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
government	O
also	O
deserves	O
credit	O
for	O
making	O
significant	O
progress	O
toward	O
eliminating	O
child	O
labor	O
in	O
the	O
garment	O
industry	O
.	O


The	O
US	B-GPE
is	O
committed	O
to	O
working	O
with	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
on	O
this	O
and	O
other	O
core	O
labor	O
standards	O
including	O
freedom	O
of	O
association	O
and	O
collective	O
bargaining	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
to	O
growing	O
economic	O
ties	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
share	O
a	O
commitment	O
to	O
democracy	O
at	O
home	O
and	O
to	O
meeting	O
responsibilities	O
abroad	O
.	O


Bangladesh	B-GPE
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
largest	O
contributors	O
to	O
international	O
peacekeeping	O
operations	O
.	O


Its	O
personnel	O
have	O
served	O
with	O
US	B-GPE
forces	O
in	O
Somalia	B-GPE
,	O
Haiti	B-GPE
,	O
Bosnia	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Kosovo	B-GPE
.	O


Bangladesh	B-GPE
is	O
also	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
South	B-NORP
Asian	I-NORP
nation	O
to	O
ratify	O
the	B-LAW
Comprehensive	I-LAW
Test	I-LAW
Ban	I-LAW
Treaty	I-LAW
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
and	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Hasina	B-PERSON
agreed	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
to	O
coordinate	O
positions	O
on	O
major	O
issues	O
,	O
that	O
come	O
before	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
and	O
other	O
international	O
bodies	O
.	O


As	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
has	O
said	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Bangladesh	B-GPE
grow	O
closer	O
every	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	O
through	O
expanding	O
trade	O
,	O
through	O
the	O
internet	O
revolution	O
and	O
through	O
a	O
shared	O
interest	O
in	O
building	O
a	O
world	O
more	O
peaceful	O
,	O
more	O
tolerant	O
,	O
more	O
prosperous	O
and	O
more	O
free	O
.	O


A	O
note	O
scribbled	O
by	O
an	O
officer	O
on	O
the	O
Russian	B-NORP
nuclear	O
submarine	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
has	O
revealed	O
that	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
23	I-CARDINAL
of	O
its	O
118	B-CARDINAL
crewmembers	O
survived	O
the	O
explosions	O
which	O
sank	O
the	O
vessel	O
.	O


The	O
note	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
pocket	O
of	O
Lieutenant	O
Dimitri	B-PERSON
Kolesnikov	I-PERSON
whose	O
body	O
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
to	O
be	O
recovered	O
the	O
explosions	O
that	O
shattered	O
the	O
submarine	O
.	O


Most	O
of	O
the	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
's	O
crew	O
apparently	O
died	O
instantly	O
in	O
the	O
explosions	O
that	O
tore	O
open	O
the	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
six	B-CARDINAL
compartments	O
or	O
within	O
minutes	B-TIME
as	O
water	O
roared	O
into	O
the	O
submarine	O
.	O


Lieutenant	O
Kolesnikov	B-PERSON
's	O
note	O
indicates	O
some	O
crewmembers	O
survived	O
for	O
several	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
.	O


The	O
US	B-ORG
Navy	I-ORG
destroyer	O
damaged	O
apparently	O
by	O
a	O
terrorist	O
bomb	O
while	O
refueling	O
at	O
the	O
Red	B-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
port	O
,	O
Aden	B-GPE
has	O
begun	O
its	O
journey	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
States	B-GPE
for	O
repair	O
.	O


As	O
Dave	B-PERSON
Gavlak	I-PERSON
reports	O
,	O
the	B-PRODUCT
US	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
was	O
towed	O
out	O
of	O
the	B-FAC
Aden	I-FAC
Harbor	I-FAC
to	O
a	O
waiting	O
Norwegian	B-NORP
transport	O
ship	O
,	O
that	O
will	O
actually	O
carry	O
the	O
damaged	O
destroyer	O
home	O
.	O


The	O
American	B-NORP
national	O
anthem	O
played	O
as	O
four	B-CARDINAL
tug	O
boats	O
pulled	O
the	B-PRODUCT
USS	I-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
slowly	O
out	O
of	O
Yemen	B-GPE
's	O
southern	O
port	O
of	O
Aden	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
was	O
badly	O
damaged	O
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
in	O
an	O
apparent	O
suicide	O
bombing	O
that	O
killed	O
17	B-CARDINAL
US	B-GPE
sailors	O
.	O


Security	O
was	O
tight	O
as	O
the	O
ship	O
was	O
towed	O
out	O
.	O


American	B-NORP
and	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
patrol	O
boats	O
mounted	O
with	O
machine	O
guns	O
escorted	O
the	O
Cole	B-PRODUCT
out	O
to	O
open	O
waters	O
while	O
American	B-NORP
helicopters	O
flew	O
overhead	O
.	O


Some	O
Yemenis	B-NORP
expressed	O
relief	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
ship	O
leave	O
.	O


Many	O
locals	O
said	O
they	O
feared	O
the	O
bombing	O
of	O
the	O
ship	O
would	O
serve	O
as	O
an	O
excuse	O
for	O
continued	O
US	B-GPE
military	O
presence	O
in	O
the	O
Gulf	B-LOC
country	O
.	O


Diplomats	O
and	O
analysts	O
have	O
commented	O
that	O
a	O
joint	O
investigation	O
into	O
the	O
attack	O
may	O
in	O
fact	O
strengthen	O
ties	O
between	O
the	O
world	O
super	O
power	O
and	O
the	O
poor	O
,	O
but	O
strategic	O
Arab	B-NORP
state	O
.	O


US	B-GPE
and	O
Yemeni	B-NORP
officials	O
say	O
they	O
believe	O
Islamic	B-NORP
militants	O
may	O
have	O
carried	O
out	O
the	O
bombing	O
.	O


So	O
far	O
two	B-CARDINAL
little	O
known	O
Islamic	B-NORP
groups	O
have	O
claimed	O
responsibility	O
for	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O


Yemeni	B-NORP
authorities	O
claimed	O
they	O
have	O
detained	O
over	B-CARDINAL
70	I-CARDINAL
people	O
for	O
questioning	O
.	O


These	O
include	O
some	O
Afghan	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
Arab	I-NORP
volunteers	O
who	O
came	O
to	O
Yemen	B-GPE
after	O
fighting	O
against	O
Soviet	B-NORP
forces	O
in	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
in	O
the	B-DATE
1980s	I-DATE
.	O


Dave	B-PERSON
Gavlak	I-PERSON
for	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Cairo	B-GPE
.	O


UN	B-ORG
Secretary	O
General	O
Kofi	B-PERSON
Annan	I-PERSON
said	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
help	O
spread	O
democracy	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


VOA	B-ORG
's	O
Breck	B-PERSON
Ardery	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
the	B-FAC
United	I-FAC
Nations	I-FAC
.	O


In	O
a	O
new	O
report	O
,	O
the	O
Secretary	O
General	O
says	O
democratization	O
has	O
now	O
taken	O
root	O
as	O
a	O
universal	O
norm	O
and	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
should	O
strengthen	O
its	O
commitment	O
to	O
assisting	O
nations	O
that	O
are	O
moving	O
toward	O
democracy	O
.	O


Commenting	O
on	O
the	O
report	O
,	O
UN	B-ORG
Assistant	O
Secretary	O
General	O
for	O
Political	O
Affairs	O
Danilo	B-PERSON
Turk	I-PERSON
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
principle	O
of	O
national	O
sovereignty	O
does	O
not	O
preclude	O
support	O
for	O
democracy	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
usually	O
not	O
sufficiently	O
clear	O
,	O
we	O
meaning	O
the	O
Secretariat	B-ORG
,	O
in	O
explaining	O
that	O
sovereignty	O
and	O
final	O
analysis	O
belongs	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
and	O
sovereignty	O
should	O
be	O
seen	O
in	O
a	O
democratic	O
context	O
.	O


Sovereignty	O
is	O
not	O
simply	O
a	O
quality	O
of	O
statehood	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
power	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
and	O
democratic	O
structures	O
which	O
make	O
sovereignty	O
an	O
important	O
human	O
value	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Churk	B-PERSON
also	O
has	O
said	O
that	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
democracy	O
is	O
the	O
root	O
cause	O
of	O
many	O
contemporary	O
armed	O
conflicts	O
.	O


The	O
Secretary	O
General	O
's	O
report	O
says	O
democracy	O
can	O
develop	O
anywhere	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
misperception	O
that	O
democracy	O
is	O
a	O
Western	B-NORP
concept	O
.	O


The	O
report	O
was	O
issued	O
in	O
advance	O
of	O
a	O
UN	B-ORG
-	O
sponsored	O
conference	O
on	O
new	O
and	O
restored	O
democracies	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	O
African	B-NORP
nation	O
of	O
Benin	B-GPE
in	O
early	B-DATE
December	I-DATE
.	O


Breck	B-PERSON
Ardery	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
at	O
the	B-FAC
United	I-FAC
Nations	I-FAC
.	O


Russian	B-NORP
and	O
Norwegian	B-NORP
divers	O
searched	O
the	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
compartment	O
of	O
the	O
wrecked	O
submarine	O
Kursk	B-PRODUCT
,	O
Sunday	B-DATE
,	O
but	O
they	O
found	O
too	O
much	O
damage	O
to	O
proceed	O
with	O
the	O
task	O
of	O
recovering	O
bodies	O
.	O


A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Russia	B-GPE
's	O
Northern	B-ORG
Fleet	I-ORG
says	O
the	O
divers	O
were	O
only	O
able	O
to	O
venture	O
about	B-QUANTITY
one	I-QUANTITY
meter	I-QUANTITY
into	O
the	O
compartment	O
because	O
of	O
poor	O
visibility	O
.	O


President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
arrived	O
in	O
Brunei	B-GPE
Tuesday	B-DATE
,	O
getting	O
a	O
red	O
carpet	O
welcome	O
from	O
officials	O
of	O
the	O
tiny	O
Islamic	B-NORP
sultanate	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
scheduled	O
to	O
deliver	O
the	O
keynote	O
address	O
today	B-DATE
at	O
the	B-EVENT
Pacific	I-EVENT
Rim	I-EVENT
Conference	I-EVENT
.	O


The	O
Pacific	B-LOC
Rim	I-LOC
leaders	O
will	O
discuss	O
an	O
array	O
of	O
economic	O
issues	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
and	O
Thursday	B-DATE
,	O
including	O
high	O
oil	O
prices	O
and	O
the	O
boom	O
in	O
electronic	O
commerce	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
South	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
,	O
perhaps	O
you	O
heard	O
the	O
Radio	B-ORG
Canada	I-ORG
International	I-ORG
test	O
transmissions	O
to	O
your	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
back	O
on	O
the	O
8th	B-ORDINAL
,	O
9th	B-ORDINAL
,	O
and	O
10th	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
November	I-DATE
.	O


They	O
were	O
via	O
Radio	B-ORG
Netherlands	I-ORG
at	O
Flavo	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
15:00	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
16:00	I-TIME
UTC	I-TIME
on	O
15360	B-CARDINAL
and	O
17820	B-CARDINAL
,	O
that	O
according	O
to	O
Andy	B-PERSON
Senet	I-PERSON
,	O
via	O
Glenhouser	B-PERSON
.	O


RCI	B-ORG
tells	O
me	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
decided	O
whether	O
it	O
will	O
start	O
a	O
permanent	O
service	O
to	O
South	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
more	O
bombs	O
have	O
exploded	O
near	O
Haiti	B-GPE
's	O
capital	O
killing	O
a	O
7	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
girl	O
and	O
wounding	O
two	B-CARDINAL
people	O
in	O
the	O
latest	O
pre-election	O
violence	O
.	O


On	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
,	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
bombs	O
exploded	O
around	O
Port	B-GPE
-	I-GPE
au	I-GPE
-	I-GPE
Prince	I-GPE
.	O


No	O
group	O
has	O
claimed	O
responsibility	O
for	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
blasts	O
.	O


The	O
government	O
and	O
opposition	O
are	O
exchanging	O
accusations	O
over	O
who	O
is	O
to	O
blame	O
for	O
a	O
wave	O
of	O
violence	O
ahead	O
of	O
Sunday	B-DATE
's	O
presidential	O
election	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Dave	B-PERSON
Deforest	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
the	B-GPE
Gaza	I-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
,	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
,	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
fired	O
on	O
armed	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
trying	O
to	O
cut	O
through	O
a	O
border	O
fence	O
.	O


The	O
Army	B-ORG
says	O
it	O
may	O
have	O
killed	O
two	B-CARDINAL
of	O
them	O
.	O


ISRAELI	B-NORP
radio	O
said	O
four	B-CARDINAL
Palestinians	B-NORP
were	O
killed	O
,	O
but	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
security	O
officials	O
deny	O
there	O
were	O
any	O
casualties	O
and	O
they	O
say	O
no	O
such	O
incident	O
took	O
place	O
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
have	O
killed	O
another	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
in	O
the	B-GPE
West	I-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
as	O
clashes	O
continue	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
sides	O
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
Israel	B-GPE
has	O
confiscated	O
the	O
VIP	O
card	O
of	O
a	O
senior	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
official	O
.	O


Colonel	O
Taffiq	B-PERSON
Terrawi	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
director	O
of	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
intelligence	O
,	O
was	O
briefly	O
detained	O
by	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
at	O
a	O
West	B-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
road	O
block	O
,	O
where	O
they	O
confiscated	O
an	O
Israeli	B-NORP
permit	O
that	O
grants	O
him	O
free	O
movement	O
in	O
and	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
area	O
.	O


International	O
aid	O
agencies	O
have	O
warned	O
that	O
proposed	O
United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
sanctions	O
against	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
's	O
Taliban	B-ORG
authorities	O
could	O
paralyze	O
efforts	O
to	O
provide	O
humanitarian	O
assistance	O
to	O
the	O
victims	O
of	O
drought	O
and	O
conflict	O
.	O


The	O
new	O
sanctions	O
proposed	O
by	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
and	O
Russia	B-GPE
would	O
impose	O
an	O
arms	O
embargo	O
on	O
the	O
Taliban	B-ORG
.	O


Among	O
other	O
things	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
also	O
freeze	O
Taliban	B-ORG
assets	O
abroad	O
and	O
restrict	O
foreign	O
travel	O
by	O
Taliban	B-ORG
officials	O
.	O


The	O
UN	B-ORG
Co-ordinator	O
for	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
said	O
in	O
Geneva	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
proposed	O
UN	B-ORG
measure	O
could	O
block	O
badly	O
-	O
needed	O
aid	O
shipments	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
Connie	B-PERSON
Lawn	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
four	B-CARDINAL
Palestinian	B-NORP
policemen	O
were	O
killed	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
during	O
a	O
nine	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
battle	O
with	O
Israeli	B-NORP
troops	O
near	O
a	O
refugee	O
camp	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
Gaza	I-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
.	O


Meredith	B-PERSON
Bewl	I-PERSON
reports	O
from	O
Jerusalem	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
Israeli	B-NORP
military	O
says	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
gunmen	O
at	O
the	O
Khan	B-FAC
Younus	I-FAC
refugee	O
camp	O
in	O
the	O
southern	O
part	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Gaza	I-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
opened	O
fire	O
on	O
Israeli	B-NORP
forces	O
and	O
the	O
soldiers	O
responded	O
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
say	O
Israeli	B-NORP
rocket	O
fire	O
hit	O
a	O
police	O
post	O
and	O
killed	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
Palestinian	B-NORP
security	O
officer	O
.	O


At	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
three	I-CARDINAL
other	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
policemen	O
were	O
killed	O
in	O
the	O
fierce	O
clashes	O
,	O
which	O
went	O
on	O
for	O
hours	B-TIME
.	O


In	O
the	O
West	B-GPE
Bank	I-GPE
town	O
of	O
Hebron	B-GPE
,	O
Israeli	B-NORP
soldiers	O
gunned	O
down	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
member	O
of	O
the	O
militant	O
Hamas	B-ORG
group	O
as	O
he	O
was	O
standing	O
outside	O
his	O
shop	O
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
called	O
the	O
shooting	O
an	O
assassination	O
.	O


The	B-ORDINAL
Israeli	I-ORDINAL
Army	I-ORDINAL
said	O
it	O
was	O
checking	O
the	O
reports	O
.	O


The	O
shooting	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
latest	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
targeted	O
attacks	O
against	O
anti-Israeli	B-NORP
militants	O
.	O


Deputy	O
Defense	B-ORG
Minister	O
Irfan	B-PERSON
Sneh	I-PERSON
said	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
Israel	B-GPE
now	O
has	O
a	O
policy	O
of	O
tracking	O
down	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
who	O
attack	O
Israelis	B-NORP
.	O


Meredith	B-PERSON
Bewl	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Jerusalem	B-GPE
.	O


RUSSIAN	B-NORP
officials	O
say	O
Cuba	B-GPE
has	O
no	O
interest	O
in	O
completing	O
construction	O
of	O
a	O
Soviet	B-NORP
era	O
nuclear	O
power	O
plant	O
on	O
the	O
island	O
.	O


Russian	B-NORP
President	O
Vladimir	B-PERSON
Putin	I-PERSON
said	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
Moscow	B-GPE
has	O
no	O
plans	O
to	O
press	O
Havana	B-GPE
to	O
finish	O
construction	O
of	O
the	O
Juragua	B-FAC
nuclear	O
facility	O
.	O


He	O
made	O
his	O
comments	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
of	O
his	O
official	O
visit	O
to	O
the	O
Communist	B-NORP
ruled	O
island	O
.	O


Construction	O
halted	O
on	O
the	O
Juragua	B-FAC
plant	O
in	O
1992	B-DATE
,	O
following	O
the	O
collapse	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
,	O
which	O
provided	O
funding	O
and	O
technology	O
for	O
the	O
project	O
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
's	O
announcement	O
coincided	O
with	O
the	O
permanent	O
closing	O
of	O
the	O
Chernobyl	B-FAC
nuclear	O
facility	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
the	O
scene	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
worst	O
nuclear	O
accident	O
in	O
1986	B-DATE
.	O


US	B-GPE
Energy	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
has	O
extended	O
an	O
emergency	O
order	O
to	O
keep	O
electricity	O
flowing	O
to	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
measure	O
will	O
require	O
western	O
suppliers	O
to	O
sell	O
power	O
to	O
the	O
state	O
for	O
at	B-DATE
least	I-DATE
another	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
.	O


As	O
we	O
hear	O
from	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Sullivan	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
official	O
also	O
proposed	O
an	O
energy	O
price	O
cap	O
for	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
,	O
but	O
the	O
suggestion	O
had	O
a	O
mixed	O
response	O
from	O
western	O
governors	O
.	O


The	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
federal	O
order	O
will	O
require	O
power	O
suppliers	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
to	O
keep	O
sending	O
their	O
surplus	O
electricity	O
to	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


Electrical	O
resources	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Coast	I-LOC
state	O
are	O
stretched	O
to	O
their	O
limit	O
with	O
a	O
looming	O
threat	O
of	O
rolling	O
blackouts	O
.	O


California	B-GPE
's	O
utility	O
companies	O
are	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
generate	O
all	O
the	O
power	O
their	O
customers	O
need	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
have	O
turned	O
to	O
outside	O
suppliers	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
rising	O
prices	O
the	O
state	O
's	O
two	B-CARDINAL
largest	O
utility	O
firms	O
have	O
sunk	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
eight	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
debt	O
.	O


Suppliers	O
outside	O
California	B-GPE
had	O
threatened	O
to	O
cut	O
off	O
the	O
power	O
,	O
afraid	O
that	O
the	O
cash	O
-	O
strapped	O
utilities	O
were	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
it	O
.	O


The	O
emergency	O
order	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
and	O
the	O
extension	O
announced	O
in	O
Denver	B-GPE
at	O
a	O
meeting	O
of	O
western	O
governors	O
will	O
keep	O
electricity	O
flowing	O
to	O
California	B-GPE
through	O
the	B-DATE
middle	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
next	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
crisis	O
began	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
when	O
California	B-GPE
imposed	O
a	O
price	O
freeze	O
on	O
its	O
private	O
utility	O
firms	O
to	O
protect	O
consumers	O
while	O
the	O
state	O
deregulates	O
its	O
energy	O
sector	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
lifting	O
of	O
market	O
controls	O
led	O
to	O
wild	O
price	O
fluctuations	O
on	O
the	O
wholesale	O
market	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
made	O
worse	O
by	O
several	O
factors	O
.	O


No	O
new	O
generating	O
stations	O
have	O
been	O
built	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
and	O
some	O
existing	O
generators	O
are	O
offline	O
for	O
repairs	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
California	B-GPE
has	O
been	O
growing	O
.	O


Energy	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
says	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
demand	O
outpacing	O
supplies	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
alone	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
electricity	O
demand	O
has	O
increased	O
13	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


California	B-GPE
's	O
wholesale	O
electricity	O
prices	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
capped	O
at	O
250	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
per	O
megawatt	O
hour	O
in	O
a	O
regulated	O
market	O
,	O
have	O
peaked	O
under	O
deregulation	O
at	O
1400	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
per	O
megawatt	O
hour	O
.	O


With	O
the	O
current	O
price	O
freeze	O
,	O
utilities	O
have	O
been	O
prevented	O
from	O
passing	O
along	O
the	O
increase	O
to	O
consumers	O
.	O


Wednesday	B-DATE
,	O
Energy	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Richardson	I-PERSON
suggested	O
a	O
new	O
price	O
cap	O
for	O
electricity	O
throughout	O
the	O
western	O
states	O
.	O


Oregon	B-GPE
's	O
Governor	O
supports	O
the	O
idea	O
.	O


Some	O
other	O
western	O
leaders	O
are	O
not	O
convinced	O
that	O
a	O
price	O
cap	O
will	O
solve	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O


Energy	O
suppliers	O
oppose	O
a	O
cap	O
,	O
saying	O
instead	O
they	O
need	O
incentives	O
to	O
build	O
more	O
generating	O
stations	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
federal	O
regulators	O
imposed	O
a	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
soft	O
cap	O
on	O
California	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
requires	O
power	O
firms	O
to	O
justify	O
prices	O
above	O
150	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
per	O
megawatt	O
hour	O
.	O


The	O
measure	O
does	O
not	O
however	O
prevent	O
them	O
from	O
charging	O
above	O
that	O
level	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
large	O
utility	O
company	O
,	O
Southern	B-ORG
California	I-ORG
Edison	I-ORG
says	O
it	O
may	O
have	O
to	O
file	O
for	O
bankruptcy	O
unless	O
government	O
officials	O
can	O
offer	O
some	O
relief	O
.	O


The	O
privately	O
owned	O
company	O
is	O
now	O
three	B-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
a	I-MONEY
half	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
debt	O
.	O


Consumer	O
activists	O
are	O
skeptical	O
.	O


They	O
know	O
the	O
utility	O
recently	O
declared	O
a	O
dividend	O
for	O
its	O
stockholders	O
,	O
but	O
Edison	B-ORG
's	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Higgins	I-PERSON
says	O
the	O
firm	O
can	O
not	O
continue	O
to	O
pay	O
high	O
prices	O
for	O
electricity	O
while	O
keeping	O
prices	O
low	O
for	O
its	O
customers	O
.	O


Our	O
books	O
are	O
an	O
open	O
matter	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
hard	O
for	O
anybody	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


They	O
can	O
talk	O
to	O
the	O
banks	O
themselves	O
and	O
see	O
that	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
clearly	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
.	O


We	O
do	O
n't	O
print	O
money	O
in	O
the	O
basement	O
.	O


California	B-GPE
's	O
Governor	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
warned	O
that	O
intermittent	O
cutoffs	O
of	O
power	O
around	O
the	O
state	O
may	O
begin	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
next	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
if	O
nothing	O
more	O
is	O
done	O
to	O
alleviate	O
the	O
crisis	O
.	O


Mike	B-PERSON
O'Sullivan	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
.	O


Violence	O
between	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
continued	O
in	O
its	O
third	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
though	O
at	O
a	O
slightly	O
reduced	O
level	O
overall	O
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
negotiators	O
met	O
separately	O
at	O
the	B-FAC
White	I-FAC
House	I-FAC
with	O
President	O
Bill	B-PERSON
Clinton	I-PERSON
in	O
hopes	O
of	O
restarting	O
direct	O
negotiations	O
between	O
them	O
for	O
a	O
final	O
settlement	O
.	O


Colombian	B-NORP
authorities	O
say	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
largest	O
Marxist	B-NORP
rebel	O
group	O
has	O
shot	O
and	O
killed	O
a	O
leading	O
opposition	O
congressman	O
and	O
five	B-CARDINAL
others	O
in	O
a	O
roadside	O
ambush	O
in	O
a	O
rebel	O
held	O
area	O
of	O
southern	O
Colombia	B-GPE
.	O


Police	O
say	O
the	O
gunmen	O
attacked	O
lawmaker	O
Diego	B-PERSON
Turbai	I-PERSON
and	O
his	O
entourage	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


Thank	O
you	O
very	O
much	O
,	O
Tony	B-PERSON
.	O


Palestinian	B-NORP
leader	O
Yasser	B-PERSON
Arafat	I-PERSON
is	O
expected	O
to	O
return	O
to	O
the	B-FAC
White	I-FAC
House	I-FAC
late	B-TIME
Tuesday	I-TIME
for	O
more	O
talks	O
with	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
.	O


Mr.	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
made	O
no	O
comment	O
after	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
's	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
White	B-FAC
House	I-FAC
talks	O
moving	O
quickly	O
past	O
journalists	O
to	O
a	O
waiting	O
limousine	O
.	O


A	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
spokesman	O
said	O
the	O
talks	O
are	O
aimed	O
at	O
establishing	O
the	O
parameters	O
for	O
resuming	O
Israeli	B-NORP
-	O
Palestinian	O
negotiations	O
.	O


Palestinians	B-NORP
have	O
demanded	O
clarification	O
of	O
US	B-GPE
proposals	O
for	O
achieving	O
a	O
final	O
peace	O
accord	O
.	O


The	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
has	O
issued	O
a	O
worldwide	O
caution	O
to	O
Americans	B-NORP
warning	O
of	O
possible	O
terrorist	O
threats	O
.	O


No	O
threats	O
are	O
specified	O
but	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
embassy	O
in	O
Rome	B-GPE
was	O
closed	O
Friday	B-DATE
for	O
what	O
officials	O
called	O
security	O
reasons	O
.	O


The	O
embassy	O
could	O
reopen	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
Monday	B-DATE
.	O


The	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
periodically	O
issues	O
worldwide	O
cautions	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
was	O
issued	O
last	B-DATE
October	I-DATE
following	O
the	O
deadly	O
terrorist	O
bombing	O
of	O
the	O
USS	B-PRODUCT
Cole	I-PRODUCT
Navy	B-ORG
destroyer	O
in	O
Yemen	B-GPE
.	O


I	O
am	O
David	B-PERSON
Coler	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
.	O


Israel	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
have	O
resumed	O
high	O
level	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O


The	O
two	B-CARDINAL
sides	O
met	O
into	O
the	B-TIME
early	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
Friday	B-DATE
at	O
the	O
crossing	O
between	O
the	B-GPE
Gaza	I-GPE
Strip	I-GPE
and	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


Israeli	B-NORP
officials	O
say	O
Israel	B-GPE
is	O
still	O
hopeful	O
that	O
a	O
framework	O
peace	O
agreement	O
can	O
be	O
reached	O
before	O
the	O
unofficial	O
deadline	O
,	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
President	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
's	O
term	O
in	O
office	O
on	O
January	B-DATE
20th	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
head	O
of	O
official	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
television	O
has	O
been	O
assassinated	O
.	O


Hooded	O
men	O
gunned	O
down	O
Hisha	B-PERSON
Mickey	I-PERSON
at	O
a	O
hotel	O
in	O
Gaza	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
.	O


The	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
leadership	O
accused	O
the	O
collaborators	O
with	O
Israel	B-GPE
for	O
killing	O
Mr.	O
Mickey	B-PERSON
.	O


Israel	B-GPE
says	O
its	O
security	O
forces	O
were	O
not	O
involved	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Mickey	B-PERSON
was	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
television	O
and	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
satellite	O
channel	O
.	O


Reports	O
from	O
China	B-GPE
say	O
North	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
President	O
Kim	B-PERSON
Jong	I-PERSON
Il	I-PERSON
is	O
planning	O
to	O
announce	O
economic	O
reforms	O
for	O
his	O
country	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Kim	B-PERSON
visited	O
a	O
center	O
for	O
high	O
technology	O
business	O
in	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


Egypt	B-GPE
's	O
President	O
Hosni	B-PERSON
Mubarak	I-PERSON
has	O
called	O
on	O
Israeli	B-NORP
leaders	O
to	O
stop	O
talking	O
about	O
war	O
and	O
to	O
make	O
peace	O
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
and	O
Syria	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
an	O
interview	O
with	O
Israeli	B-NORP
Television	O
Monday	B-DATE
Mr.	O
Mubarak	B-PERSON
said	O
Israel	B-GPE
knows	O
what	O
is	O
necessary	O
for	O
peace	O
,	O
the	O
return	O
of	O
lands	O
captured	O
in	O
the	B-EVENT
1967	I-EVENT
Middle	I-EVENT
East	I-EVENT
war	I-EVENT
.	O


He	O
also	O
acknowledged	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
refugees	O
'	O
right	O
of	O
return	O
.	O


In	O
another	O
interview	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
leader	O
Yasser	B-PERSON
Arafat	I-PERSON
said	O
the	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
had	O
made	O
real	O
progress	O
Red	B-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
resort	O
of	O
Taba	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Ehud	B-PERSON
Barak	I-PERSON
has	O
suspended	O
contacts	O
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-NORP
until	O
after	O
the	O
February	B-DATE
6th	I-DATE
election	O
.	O


Correspondent	O
Laurie	B-PERSON
Cassman	I-PERSON
has	O
a	O
report	O
.	O


Prime	O
Minister	O
Barak	B-PERSON
's	O
decision	O
not	O
to	O
meet	O
Yasser	B-PERSON
Arafat	I-PERSON
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
comes	O
after	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
leader	O
's	O
angry	O
speech	O
on	O
Sunday	B-DATE
at	O
an	O
economic	O
forum	O
in	O
Switzerland	B-GPE
.	O


Mr.	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
accused	O
Israel	B-GPE
of	O
waging	O
a	O
savage	O
and	O
barbaric	O
war	O
against	O
his	O
people	O
.	O


One	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
Israeli	B-NORP
and	O
Palestinian	B-NORP
negotiators	O
had	O
announced	O
that	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
of	O
marathon	O
talks	O
have	O
brought	O
them	O
closer	O
than	O
ever	O
to	O
a	O
final	O
agreement	O
.	O


After	O
the	O
angry	O
outburst	O
Mr.	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
reaffirmed	O
his	O
commitment	O
to	O
peace	O
and	O
his	O
willingness	O
to	O
meet	O
Mr.	O
Barak	B-PERSON
.	O


The	O
meeting	O
was	O
expected	O
later	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
in	O
Stockholm	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
Mr.	O
Barak	B-PERSON
's	O
security	O
advisor	O
told	O
Israeli	B-NORP
Radio	O
Monday	B-DATE
such	O
a	O
meeting	O
now	O
is	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
question	O
.	O


He	O
described	O
the	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
speech	O
as	O
inflammatory	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Barak	B-PERSON
can	O
not	O
risk	O
the	O
controversial	O
meeting	O
ahead	O
of	O
next	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
election	O
.	O


He	O
still	O
trails	O
far	O
behind	O
the	O
hard	O
line	O
Likud	B-ORG
Party	I-ORG
leader	O
Ariel	B-PERSON
Sharon	I-PERSON
in	O
the	O
opinion	O
polls	O
.	O


Laurie	B-PERSON
Cassman	I-PERSON
,	O
VOA	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
Jerusalem	B-GPE
.	O


Dongguan	B-GPE
Gets	O
Down	O
to	O
Business	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
Firms	O
Embrace	O
a	O
Cantonese	B-NORP
Boomtown	O


From	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
airport	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
go	O
straight	O
to	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
on	O
a	O
Global	B-ORG
Express	I-ORG
bus	O
.	O


With	O
27	B-CARDINAL
departures	O
a	O
day	O
,	O
these	O
buses	O
run	O
by	O
a	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firm	O
out	O
of	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
take	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
expats	O
to	O
their	O
adopted	O
home	O
,	O
which	O
boasts	O
the	O
largest	O
concentration	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
.	O


Invoking	O
the	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
battle	O
cry	O
of	O
"	O
victory	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
strive	O
the	O
hardest	O
,	O
"	O
20,000	B-CARDINAL
-	O
30,000	B-CARDINAL
Taiwan	B-GPE
expats	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
have	O
in	O
little	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
decade	O
turned	O
a	O
county	O
of	O
banana	O
and	O
lichee	O
plantations	O
into	O
a	O
big	O
city	O
with	O
exports	O
behind	O
only	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
's	O
and	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
.	O


How	O
has	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
,	O
this	O
rising	O
economic	O
star	O
,	O
done	O
it	O
?	O


What	O
mix	O
of	O
sad	O
and	O
happy	O
tales	O
about	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
does	O
this	O
city	O
have	O
to	O
tell	O
?	O


It	O
's	O
10:00	B-TIME
at	I-TIME
night	I-TIME
,	O
but	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
in	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
is	O
still	O
hopping	O
.	O


Cars	O
clocking	O
80	B-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
an	I-QUANTITY
hour	I-QUANTITY
zip	O
along	O
roads	O
that	O
reveal	O
hardly	O
a	O
trace	O
of	O
the	O
farming	O
villages	O
that	O
they	O
linked	O
not	O
long	O
ago	O
.	O


Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
here	O
run	O
their	O
factories	O
like	O
they	O
drive	O
their	O
cars	O
,	O
in	O
high	O
gear	O
.	O


The	O
factories	O
are	O
lit	O
up	O
at	O
night	O
for	O
overtime	O
shifts	O
.	O


"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
take	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
break	O
for	O
the	O
Chinese	B-EVENT
New	I-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
's	I-EVENT
holidays	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Andrew	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
,	O
chairman	O
of	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
's	O
Powin	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
makes	O
cable	O
for	O
the	O
telecoms	O
industry	O
.	O


"	O
By	O
the	B-DATE
morning	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
third	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
we	O
start	O
up	O
again	O
with	O
three	B-CARDINAL
shifts	O
,	O
just	O
like	O
any	O
other	O
day	O
.	O


We	O
ca	O
n't	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
our	O
orders	O
and	O
have	O
got	O
to	O
squeeze	O
five	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
work	O
into	O
every	B-TIME
24	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
.	O
"	O


In	O
the	O
busy	O
Fucheng	B-GPE
district	O
,	O
you	O
find	O
the	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
bars	O
,	O
covered	O
from	O
door	O
to	O
rooftop	O
with	O
flashing	O
lights	O


.	O


The	O
lights	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
karaoke	O
singing	O
within	O
them	O
,	O
pulsate	O
until	O
dawn	O
no	O
matter	O
the	O
season	O
.	O


Inside	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
raucous	O
crowd	O
.	O


A	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
businessman	O
down	O
from	O
Harbin	B-GPE
boasts	O
that	O
his	O
auto	O
plant	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
northeast	O
sits	O
on	O
a	O
lot	O
as	O
vast	O
as	O
Taipei	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
and	O
has	O
a	O
green	O
light	O
to	O
sell	O
on	O
the	O
domestic	O
market	O
.	O


In	O
another	O
room	O
a	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
businessman	O
based	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
carouses	O
with	O
a	O
party	O
cadre	O
from	O
Yunnan	B-GPE
who	O
is	O
trying	O
to	O
attract	O
investment	O
.	O


Ju	B-PERSON
Gao	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
jeng	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
former	O
ROC	B-GPE
legislator	O
who	O
now	O
has	O
an	O
academic	O
post	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
is	O
talking	O
to	O
a	O
reporter	O
from	O
Taipei	B-GPE
about	O
the	O
ROC	B-GPE
presidential	O
elections	O
-	O
a	O
hot	O
topic	O
of	O
conversation	O
on	O
both	O
sides	O
of	O
the	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
strait	O
.	O


Amid	O
all	O
the	O
merrymaking	O
,	O
one	O
gets	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
what	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
must	O
have	O
been	O
like	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
thirties	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
at	O
the	B-DATE
turn	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
21st	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
,	O
however	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
playing	O
the	O
leading	O
roles	O
.	O


High	O
concentration	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O


Before	O
the	B-DATE
21st	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
had	O
even	O
arrived	O
,	O
a	O
bright	O
economic	O
star	O
had	O
risen	O
over	O
southern	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


Ever	O
since	O
economic	O
reforms	O
accelerated	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
when	O
Deng	B-PERSON
Xiaoping	I-PERSON
made	O
a	O
tour	O
of	O
the	O
south	O
in	O
early	B-DATE
1992	I-DATE
,	O
four	B-CARDINAL
southern	O
Cantonese	B-NORP
cities	O
-	O
Zhongshan	B-GPE
,	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
,	O
Shunde	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Nanhai	B-GPE
-	O
have	O
earned	O
a	O
reputation	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
four	B-CARDINAL
tigers	O
"	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
.	O


Dongguan	B-GPE
leads	O
the	O
pack	O
.	O


"	O
The	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
before	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
its	O
total	O
exports	O
were	O
third	B-ORDINAL
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
trailing	O
only	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
's	O
and	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Jiang	B-PERSON
Suwu	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
graduate	O
of	O
Wuhan	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Chinese	B-NORP
department	O
who	O
came	O
south	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
planning	O
department	O
of	O
a	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firm	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


"	O
It	O
had	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
15,000	I-CARDINAL
foreign	O
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
firms	O
,	O
and	O
economic	O
growth	O
for	O
that	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
reached	O
26	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O
"	O


In	O
ancient	O
times	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
was	O
covered	O
with	O
lichee	O
plantations	O
whose	O
fruit	O
was	O
favored	O
by	O
the	O
imperial	O
consort	O
Yang	B-PERSON
Guifei	I-PERSON
.	O


Just	O
a	B-DATE
little	I-DATE
more	I-DATE
than	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
Dongguan	B-GPE
was	O
still	O
a	O
largely	O
agricultural	O
area	O
,	O
its	O
landscape	O
a	O
patchwork	O
of	O
rice	O
paddies	O
and	O
corn	O
fields	O
.	O


It	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
completely	O
made	O
over	O
into	O
a	O
"	O
boundless	O
industrial	O
park	O
"	O
with	O
an	O
area	O
of	O
2,520	B-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
,	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
5	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
,	O
and	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
3,000	I-CARDINAL
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
.	O


Chang	B-PERSON
Han	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
wen	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Taiwan	I-ORG
Business	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Dongguan	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
TBAD	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
development	O
started	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
late	I-DATE
1980s	I-DATE
.	O


Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
firms	O
,	O
with	O
their	O
proximity	O
and	O
fluent	O
Cantonese	B-NORP
-LRB-	O
also	O
the	O
local	O
dialect	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
,	O
were	O
first	B-ORDINAL
.	O


The	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
,	O
first	B-ORDINAL
coming	O
about	O
1989	B-DATE
,	O
followed	O
.	O


Each	O
arrival	O
seemed	O
to	O
bring	O
many	O
more	O
on	O
its	O
heels	O
.	O


Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
are	O
now	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
source	O
of	O
foreign	O
investment	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


Consider	O
the	O
booming	O
electronics	O
industry	O
.	O


Eighty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
's	O
1,800	B-CARDINAL
computer	O
-	O
related	O
companies	O
are	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
Macau	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
terms	O
of	O
production	O
value	O
,	O
they	O
account	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
half	O
of	O
this	O
RMB	B-MONEY
50	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
local	O
industry	O
.	O


Dongguan	B-GPE
holds	O
the	O
highest	O
concentration	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
anywhere	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
TBAD	B-ORG
statistics	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
now	O
30,000	B-CARDINAL
Taiwanese	B-NORP
companies	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
-LRB-	O
official	O
PRC	B-GPE
statistics	O
,	O
which	O
include	O
service	O
-	O
industry	O
firms	O
,	O
put	O
the	O
number	O
at	O
45,000	B-CARDINAL
-RRB-	O
.	O


Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
can	O
boast	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
total	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
3,200	B-CARDINAL
are	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


Most	O
of	O
these	O
are	O
telecom	O
,	O
cable	O
,	O
plastics	O
,	O
shoes	O
,	O
electronics	O
and	O
electric	O
machinery	O
companies	O
.	O


Why	O
has	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
been	O
such	O
a	O
magnet	O
for	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
?	O


Kao	B-PERSON
Wen	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
lai	I-PERSON
points	O
out	O
that	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
is	O
strategically	O
located	O
between	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
and	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
-LRB-	O
Canton	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
and	O
accessible	O
to	O
the	O
entire	O
Pearl	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
delta	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
three	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
by	O
car	O
to	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
one	B-TIME
and	I-TIME
a	I-TIME
half	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
by	O
boat	O
to	O
Humen	B-GPE
.	O


When	O
compared	O
to	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
,	O
moreover	O
,	O
land	O
and	O
labor	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
are	O
cheap	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
local	O
cadres	O
have	O
been	O
smart	O
,	O
providing	O
all	O
manner	O
of	O
land	O
and	O
tax	O
incentives	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Ming	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chih	I-PERSON
,	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
secretary	O
general	O
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
keys	O
to	O
the	O
miracle	O


One	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
in	O
the	O
days	O
before	O
the	B-EVENT
Chinese	I-EVENT
New	I-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
,	O
Chinese	B-NORP
businessmen	O
wearing	O
suits	O
arrived	O
at	O
the	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Government	I-ORG
administration	O
building	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
's	O
Qishi	B-GPE
district	O
.	O


After	O
a	O
long	O
wait	O
,	O
they	O
sat	O
down	O
at	O
a	O
table	O
to	O
negotiate	O
with	O
Qishi	B-GPE
's	O
Communist	B-ORG
Party	I-ORG
secretary	O
,	O
the	O
district	O
chief	O
,	O
and	O
various	O
staff	O
from	O
its	O
foreign	O
economic	O
office	O
.	O


Qishi	B-GPE
's	O
factory	O
rents	O
,	O
electricity	O
charges	O
and	O
land	O
leases	O
were	O
all	O
focuses	O
of	O
discussion	O
.	O


TBAD	B-ORG
,	O
as	O
is	O
frequently	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
introduced	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
parties	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
factory	O
rent	O
was	O
set	O
at	O
RMB	B-MONEY
8.00	I-MONEY
-LRB-	O
about	O
NT$	O
32	B-MONEY
-RRB-	O
a	O
square	O
meter	O
.	O


The	O
electricity	O
charge	O
was	O
RMB	B-MONEY
.87	I-MONEY
a	O
kilowatt	O
hour	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
were	O
various	O
tax	O
incentives	O
,	O
"	O
explains	O
Wang	B-PERSON
Jung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tuo	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
notes	O
there	O
is	O
still	O
room	O
for	O
negotiation	O
.	O


All	O
in	O
all	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
attractive	O
package	O
.	O


In	O
1990	B-DATE
,	O
Wang	B-PERSON
went	O
to	O
Malaysia	B-GPE
thinking	O
about	O
opening	O
a	O
factory	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
discovered	O
that	O
Malaysia	B-GPE
's	O
market	O
was	O
much	O
smaller	O
than	O
the	O
mainland	O
's	O
and	O
its	O
labor	O
costs	O
twice	O
as	O
high	O
.	O


The	O
style	O
of	O
life	O
was	O
too	O
different	O
there	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
language	O
divide	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
roads	O
were	O
poor	O
.	O


The	O
mainland	O
was	O
a	O
much	O
better	O
fit	O
for	O
him	O
and	O
his	O
printed	O
circuit	O
boards	O
company	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
little	B-DATE
more	I-DATE
than	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
,	O
its	O
20	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
30	I-CARDINAL
workers	O
have	O
grown	O
to	O
2,000	B-CARDINAL
.	O


The	O
company	O
is	O
once	O
again	O
preparing	O
to	O
expand	O
its	O
physical	O
plant	O
.	O


He	O
acknowledges	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
risky	O
move	O
to	O
come	O
to	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
"	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
die	O
,	O
you	O
might	O
as	O
well	O
die	O
among	O
your	O
own	O
people	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
traces	O
his	O
ancestry	O
to	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
and	O
affirms	O
that	O
his	O
decision	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
"	O
involves	O
ethnic	O
pride	O
.	O
"	O


Although	O
low	O
land	O
and	O
labor	O
costs	O
are	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
's	O
main	O
attractions	O
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
also	O
choose	O
the	O
locale	O
for	O
the	O
networks	O
of	O
people	O
and	O
producers	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
built	O
up	O
among	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
ten	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


These	O
two	B-CARDINAL
kinds	O
of	O
networks	O
,	O
says	O
H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
-	O
who	O
served	O
as	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
president	O
for	O
two	B-CARDINAL
terms	O
-	O
were	O
instrumental	O
in	O
creating	O
the	O
"	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
economic	O
miracle	O
.	O
"	O


H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
points	O
out	O
that	O
competition	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
21st	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
is	O
all	O
about	O
speed	O
.	O


When	O
customers	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
make	O
purchase	O
orders	O
,	O
the	O
whole	O
process	O
,	O
including	O
drawing	O
up	O
the	O
contract	O
and	O
manufacturing	O
the	O
goods	O
,	O
requires	O
four	O
months	O
.	O


But	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
firms	O
can	O
deliver	O
in	O
15	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


"	O
There	O
are	O
two	B-CARDINAL
keys	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


"	O
One	B-CARDINAL
is	O
that	O
all	O
the	O
upstream	O
and	O
downstream	O
factories	O
are	O
here	O
.	O


You	O
can	O
assemble	O
a	O
computer	O
completely	O
from	O
parts	O
made	O
within	O
50	B-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
.	O
"	O


And	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
key	O
is	O
that	O
when	O
you	O
deal	O
with	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
companies	O
,	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
endure	O
a	O
long	O
contract	O
process	O
.	O


Everything	O
starts	O
rolling	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
telephone	O
call	O
.	O


Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
are	O
always	O
playing	O
golf	O
,	O
singing	O
karaoke	O
or	O
chewing	O
betel	O
nut	O
together	O
.	O


"	O
Everyone	O
is	O
always	O
asking	O
how	O
everyone	O
else	O
is	O
doing	O
-	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
way	O
of	O
networking	O
and	O
building	O
up	O
good	O
relations	O
,	O
"	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
says	O
.	O


Andrew	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
recalls	O
that	O
when	O
the	O
company	O
first	B-ORDINAL
set	O
up	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
in	O
1990	B-DATE
,	O
"	O
Even	O
screws	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
brought	O
in	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O
"	O


But	O
now	O
the	O
company	O
sources	O
virtually	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
necessary	O
raw	O
materials	O
and	O
parts	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
and	O
is	O
reliant	O
for	O
very	O
little	O
on	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


"	O
What	O
does	O
industrial	O
emigration	O
entail	O
?	O


Usually	O
it	O
means	O
downstream	O
industries	O
coming	O
first	B-ORDINAL
,	O
forcing	O
the	O
mid-stream	O
industries	O
to	O
follow	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Sylvia	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
deputy	O
chairperson	O
of	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
women	O
's	O
division	O
.	O


And	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
downstream	O
Taiwan	O
firms	O
have	O
expanded	O
into	O
the	O
mid-stream	O
,	O
becoming	O
more	O
vertically	O
integrated	O
.	O


Tahsin	B-ORG
Printing	I-ORG
only	O
made	O
paper	O
boxes	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
but	O
when	O
they	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
plant	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
they	O
discovered	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
hard	O
to	O
obtain	O
the	O
paper	O
rolls	O
they	O
needed	O
and	O
thus	O
learned	O
how	O
to	O
make	O
them	O
themselves	O
.	O


Now	O
the	O
company	O
makes	O
paper	O
boxes	O
both	O
from	O
rolled	O
paper	O
and	O
from	O
colored	O
flat	O
paper	O
.	O


To	O
each	O
its	O
own	O
domain	O


Many	O
companies	O
have	O
expanded	O
into	O
new	O
business	O
realms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
frequently	O
cited	O
example	O
is	O
Primax	B-ORG
,	O
H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
electronics	O
firm	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
rented	O
a	O
factory	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
in	O
1989	B-DATE
and	O
at	O
first	B-ORDINAL
produced	O
labor	O
-	O
intensive	O
power	O
surge	O
protectors	O
.	O


After	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
they	O
began	O
in	O
1992	B-DATE
to	O
invest	O
massively	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
establishing	O
computer	O
mouse	O
production	O
lines	O
.	O


Thereafter	O
,	O
Primax	B-ORG
launched	O
new	O
products	O
every	O
year	O
:	O
cellular	O
phone	O
parts	O
,	O
overhead	O
projectors	O
,	O
paper	O
shredders	O
,	O
scanners	O
.	O
.	O
.	O


Constantly	O
expanding	O
its	O
product	O
lines	O
and	O
production	O
capacity	O
,	O
Primax	B-ORG
expanded	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
plant	O
with	O
25	B-CARDINAL
workers	O
in	O
1989	B-DATE
to	O
its	O
current	O
nine	B-CARDINAL
factories	O
and	O
4,000	B-CARDINAL
-	O
plus	O
workforce	O
.	O


Primax	B-ORG
's	O
performance	O
,	O
H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
notes	O
,	O
pushed	O
its	O
mother	O
company	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
to	O
go	O
public	O
seven	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


Primax	B-ORG
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
few	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
electronics	O
companies	O
with	O
a	O
definite	O
"	O
China	B-GPE
orientation	O
.	O
"	O


"	O
It	O
does	O
n't	O
cost	O
much	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
factory	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
shipping	O
times	O
are	O
stable	O
.	O


These	O
are	O
helpful	O
to	O
the	O
mother	O
company	O
both	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
controlling	O
costs	O
and	O
filling	O
large	O
orders	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
.	O


Dongguan	B-ORG
Hsu	I-ORG
Fu	I-ORG
Chi	I-ORG
Foods	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
sells	O
candy	O
,	O
cakes	O
and	O
candied	O
fruit	O
in	O
the	O
mainland	O
domestic	O
market	O
,	O
is	O
another	O
good	O
example	O
.	O


They	O
began	O
production	O
there	O
in	O
1992	B-DATE
,	O
formally	O
opening	O
their	O
own	O
plant	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
in	O
1994	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
company	O
now	O
has	O
three	B-CARDINAL
factories	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
,	O
with	O
a	O
combined	O
area	O
of	O
120,000	B-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
,	O
that	O
produce	O
200	B-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
candy	O
,	O
70	B-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
Chinese	B-NORP
-	O
style	O
cakes	O
,	O
and	O
180	B-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
gelatin	O
and	O
pudding	O
a	O
day	O
.	O


"	O
We	O
produce	O
300	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
500	I-CARDINAL
container	O
loads	O
of	O
food	O
a	O
month	O
.	O


You	O
can	O
find	O
our	O
cakes	O
in	O
supermarkets	O
all	O
the	O
way	O
from	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
to	O
Tibet	B-GPE
.	O
"	O


Norman	B-PERSON
Hsu	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
after	O
one	B-CARDINAL
invests	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
layouts	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
factories	O
seem	O
exceedingly	O
cramped	O
.	O


"	O
There	O
's	O
a	O
totally	O
different	O
sense	O
of	O
space	O
.	O
"	O


"	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
is	O
by	O
itself	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
thirteenth	I-CARDINAL
the	O
size	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
"	O
notes	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Ming	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chih	I-PERSON
,	O
secretary	O
general	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Taiwan	I-ORG
Business	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
factories	O
are	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
ten	I-CARDINAL
times	O
the	O
sizes	O
of	O
similar	O
plants	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
factory	O
building	O
at	O
the	O
Talingshan	B-GPE
furniture	O
plant	O
is	O
380	B-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
long	O
.	O


Walking	O
the	O
perimeter	O
of	O
a	O
leading	O
electronics	O
plant	O
in	O
Qishi	B-GPE
is	O
"	O
like	O
playing	O
four	B-CARDINAL
holes	O
of	O
golf	O
.	O
"	O


Like	O
soldiers	O
,	O
workers	O
often	O
have	O
to	O
take	O
different	O
shifts	O
in	O
the	O
cafeteria	O
.	O


The	O
Pouchen	B-GPE
shoe	O
plant	O
,	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
's	O
largest	O
,	O
employs	O
100,000	B-CARDINAL
.	O


The	O
compound	O
has	O
a	O
nursery	O
,	O
hospital	O
and	O
an	O
operating	O
room	O
.	O


"	O
We	O
always	O
jokingly	O
refer	O
to	O
it	O
as	O
Fort	O
Pouchen	B-GPE
,	O
"	O
says	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
.	O


Victory	O
to	O
the	O
strivers	O


Although	O
the	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
have	O
left	O
home	O
,	O
their	O
success	O
can	O
largely	O
be	O
attributed	O
to	O
an	O
ethos	O
they	O
transplanted	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
-	O
that	O
"	O
victory	O
goes	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
strive	O
the	O
hardest	O
.	O
"	O


"	O
In	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
we	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
children	O
somewhere	O
fun	O
on	O
weekends	O
and	O
holidays	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chang	B-PERSON
Mei	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
liang	I-PERSON
of	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
women	O
's	O
division	O
.	O


But	O
since	O
she	O
's	O
moved	O
the	O
factory	O
,	O
"	O
there	O
has	O
n't	O
been	O
a	O
single	O
meal	O
the	O
whole	O
family	O
has	O
eaten	O
together	O
.	O
"	O


If	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
plant	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
you	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
sacrifice	O
family	O
intimacy	O
.	O
"	O


In	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
a	O
boss	O
just	O
has	O
to	O
set	O
the	O
factory	O
's	O
basic	O
course	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
very	O
most	O
supervise	O
the	O
executives	O
,	O
"	O
explains	O
Sylvia	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
division	O
's	O
deputy	O
chairperson	O
.	O


"	O
But	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
a	O
boss	O
has	O
to	O
supervise	O
everything	O
:	O
customs	O
,	O
tax	O
payments	O
,	O
workers	O
'	O
disputes	O
,	O
meal	O
preparation	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
always	O
the	O
feeling	O
that	O
everyone	O
will	O
start	O
to	O
slack	O
off	O
once	O
the	O
boss	O
leaves	O
.	O
"	O


All	O
the	O
job	O
-	O
related	O
pressures	O
and	O
evenings	O
out	O
with	O
fellow	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
or	O
Communist	B-ORG
Party	I-ORG
cadres	O
result	O
in	O
ill	O
health	O
for	O
many	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
people	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


One	O
of	O
Chen	B-PERSON
's	O
tasks	O
as	O
chairperson	O
of	O
TBAD	B-ORG
is	O
to	O
handle	O
funeral	O
arrangements	O
for	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
there	O
.	O


"	O
Many	O
of	O
them	O
die	O
suddenly	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


The	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
trying	O
to	O
promote	O
healthier	O
lifestyles	O
.	O


"	O
Instead	O
of	O
just	O
going	O
out	O
to	O
karaoke	O
bars	O
and	O
drinking	O
,	O
why	O
not	O
play	O
golf	O
too	O
,	O
"	O
recommends	O
H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
.	O


Dongguan	B-GPE
has	O
four	B-CARDINAL
or	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
golf	O
courses	O
within	O
city	O
limits	O
.	O


About	O
1,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
play	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
80	B-PERCENT
-	I-PERCENT
90	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
them	O
are	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
.	O


The	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
entrepreneurial	O
spirit	O
has	O
blossomed	O
here	O
by	O
processing	O
goods	O
for	O
export	O
through	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
in	O
addition	O
to	O
making	O
the	O
most	O
of	O
connections	O
between	O
local	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
.	O


With	O
3,000	B-CARDINAL
Taiwan	B-GPE
-	O
owned	O
businesses	O
here	O
,	O
and	O
10	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
20,000	I-CARDINAL
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
and	O
their	O
dependants	O
coming	O
in	O
and	O
out	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
the	O
Dong	B-GPE
-	I-GPE
guan	I-GPE
area	O
has	O
already	O
developed	O
an	O
economic	O
circle	O
in	O
which	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
can	O
conduct	O
most	O
of	O
their	O
business	O
among	O
themselves	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
vibrant	O
district	O
of	O
Houjian	B-GPE
,	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
area	O
that	O
locals	O
call	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
Town	I-LOC
.	O


A	O
casual	O
look	O
around	O
reveals	O
shop	O
signs	O
familiar	O
to	O
any	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
:	O
Taichung	B-ORG
Goose	I-ORG
,	O
Ah	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
shui	I-ORG
Shih	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Pig	I-ORG
Knuckle	I-ORG
Kingdom	I-ORG
,	O
Yungho	B-ORG
Soy	I-ORG
Milk	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
Mantu	I-ORG
Hair	I-ORG
Salon	I-ORG
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
customers	O
are	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
.	O


Restaurants	O
serve	O
up	O
authentic	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
fare	O
like	O
"	O
pineapples	O
and	O
bitter	O
melon	O
chicken	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
sesame	O
oil	O
chicken	O
.	O
"	O


In	O
November	B-DATE
1998	I-DATE
Global	B-ORG
Express	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firm	O
,	O
even	O
opened	O
up	O
a	O
shuttle	O
bus	O
to	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
airport	O
.	O


Global	B-ORG
Express	I-ORG
serves	O
as	O
a	O
good	O
example	O
of	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
corporate	O
agility	O
.	O


Originally	O
,	O
arrivals	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
en	O
route	O
to	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
had	O
to	O
board	O
buses	O
run	O
by	O
a	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
-	O
based	O
and	O
mainland	O
-	O
financed	O
travel	O
agency	O
.	O


"	O
But	O
we	O
felt	O
that	O
the	O
service	O
left	O
something	O
to	O
be	O
desired	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
would	O
always	O
be	O
wasted	O
while	O
holders	O
of	O
'	B-WORK_OF_ART
Taiwanese	I-WORK_OF_ART
Compatriot	I-WORK_OF_ART
Visas	I-WORK_OF_ART
'	I-WORK_OF_ART
cleared	O
customs	O
,	O
"	O
notes	O
David	B-PERSON
Chang	I-PERSON
,	O
Global	B-ORG
Travel	I-ORG
Holding	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
executive	O
director	O
.	O


Two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
this	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
travel	O
agency	O
began	O
to	O
talk	O
with	O
the	O
mainland	O
customs	O
and	O
border	O
inspection	O
agencies	O
and	O
negotiated	O
a	O
deal	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
route	O
.	O


"	O
We	O
tell	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
business	O
people	O
that	O
riding	O
our	O
buses	O
is	O
safe	O
,	O
the	O
service	O
is	O
good	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
makes	O
the	O
trip	O
through	O
customs	O
easy	O
.	O
"	O


In	O
enemy	O
territory	O


As	O
soon	O
as	O
you	O
're	O
through	O
customs	O
at	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
,	O
you	O
see	O
them	O
:	O
women	O
draped	O
with	O
beauty	O
pageant	O
-	O
like	O
sashes	O
with	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
characters	O
for	O
"	B-ORG
Global	I-ORG
Travel	I-ORG
"	I-ORG
emblazoned	O
across	O
them	O
.	O


Pushing	O
small	O
luggage	O
carts	O
,	O
they	O
lead	O
customers	O
to	O
the	O
buses	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
become	O
a	O
"	O
must	O
-	O
see	O
"	O
tourist	O
sight	O
for	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
visitors	O
to	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


"	O
At	O
first	B-ORDINAL
we	O
thought	O
of	O
talking	O
with	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
airport	O
about	O
renting	O
a	O
counter	O
,	O
"	O
explains	O
Chang	B-PERSON
.	O


"	O
But	O
for	O
just	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
fourth	I-CARDINAL
of	O
a	O
six	B-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
meter	I-QUANTITY
booth	O
,	O
the	O
rent	O
comes	O
to	O
HK$	B-MONEY
200,000	I-MONEY
.	O
"	O


So	O
the	O
company	O
thought	O
that	O
instead	O
of	O
spending	O
that	O
much	O
money	O
on	O
a	O
booth	O
it	O
made	O
more	O
sense	O
to	O
lower	O
operating	O
costs	O
and	O
pass	O
these	O
along	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
lower	O
fares	O
for	O
its	O
customers	O
.	O


They	O
never	O
expected	O
that	O
the	O
luggage	O
carts	O
would	O
in	O
fact	O
make	O
it	O
much	O
easier	O
for	O
customers	O
to	O
find	O
them	O
in	O
sprawling	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
airport	O
and	O
would	O
become	O
an	O
easily	O
recognizable	O
company	O
trademark	O
.	O


"	O
Now	O
mainland	O
Chinese	B-NORP
travel	O
agencies	O
have	O
started	O
copying	O
the	O
way	O
we	O
use	O
the	O
carts	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chang	B-PERSON
,	O
laughing	O
.	O


Since	O
Global	B-ORG
buses	O
started	O
plying	O
this	O
route	O
in	O
November	B-DATE
1988	I-DATE
,	O
daily	O
bus	O
departures	O
have	O
risen	O
from	O
4	B-CARDINAL
to	O
27	B-CARDINAL
,	O
with	O
over	O
20,000	B-CARDINAL
riders	O
a	O
month	O
.	O


Global	B-ORG
plans	O
to	O
introduce	O
new	O
services	O
,	O
including	O
car	O
rentals	O
and	O
plane	O
ticket	O
reservations	O
and	O
confirmations	O
.	O


Dongguan	B-GPE
appears	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
bright	O
future	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
here	O
now	O
are	O
powerful	O
enough	O
to	O
get	O
two	B-CARDINAL
or	O
three	B-CARDINAL
members	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Legislative	I-LOC
Yuan	I-LOC
to	O
represent	O
their	O
interests	O
,	O
"	O
holds	O
one	B-CARDINAL
senior	O
reporter	O
.	O


Although	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
believes	O
that	O
investment	O
prospects	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
are	O
good	O
,	O
he	O
does	O
acknowledge	O
the	O
precariousness	O
of	O
their	O
position	O
in	O
hostile	O
territory	O
.	O


Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
interests	O
can	O
not	O
put	O
down	O
their	O
guard	O
.	O


Because	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
experience	O
with	O
rapid	O
modernization	O
,	O
many	O
CCP	B-ORG
cadres	O
have	O
sought	O
employment	O
with	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
firms	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
learn	O
from	O
the	O
masters	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
opportunity	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
they	O
leave	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
shop	O
for	O
themselves	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
student	O
then	O
challenges	O
the	O
master	O
,	O
"	O
explains	O
Sylvia	B-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
,	O
detailing	O
how	O
these	O
mainland	O
upstarts	O
go	O
on	O
to	O
compete	O
with	O
the	O
very	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
that	O
taught	O
them	O
all	O
they	O
know	O
.	O


This	O
scenario	O
should	O
be	O
familiar	O
to	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
.	O


"	O
It	O
happens	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
too	O
.	O
"	O


Apart	O
from	O
keeping	O
up	O
their	O
guard	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
even	O
more	O
important	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
raise	O
their	O
productivity	O
and	O
technological	O
level	O
.	O


"	O
Many	O
manufacturers	O
,	O
even	O
those	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
will	O
not	O
survive	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
.	O


Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
find	O
it	O
difficult	O
to	O
adjust	O
to	O
the	O
instability	O
of	O
the	O
mainland	O
's	O
investment	O
environment	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
laws	O
there	O
that	O
seemingly	O
change	O
overnight	O
.	O


The	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
before	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
the	O
mainland	O
announced	O
a	O
new	O
tax	O
system	O
,	O
under	O
which	O
raw	O
materials	O
imported	O
by	O
foreign	O
firms	O
would	O
be	O
taxed	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
17	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
with	O
9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
being	O
returned	O
to	O
the	O
manufacturer	O
when	O
finished	O
goods	O
were	O
exported	O
.	O


"	O
When	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
Beijing	B-GPE
to	O
negotiate	O
,	O
"	O
recalls	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
,	O
"	O
I	O
asked	O
cadres	O
in	O
the	O
foreign	O
trade	O
office	O
to	O
consider	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
the	O
tax	O
on	O
the	O
electronics	O
industry	O
.	O


Profit	O
margins	O
are	O
at	O
best	O
3	B-PERCENT
-	I-PERCENT
5	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


How	O
can	O
manufacturers	O
afford	O
to	O
pay	O
a	O
17	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
import	O
tax	O
?	O
"	O


In	O
June	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
authorities	O
announced	O
the	O
"	B-LAW
Document	I-LAW
#	I-LAW
35	I-LAW
"	I-LAW
rules	O
.	O


These	O
stipulated	O
that	O
companies	O
would	O
be	O
given	O
grades	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
quantity	O
of	O
their	O
exports	O
and	O
their	O
records	O
of	O
breaking	O
customs	O
regulations	O
.	O


Those	O
meriting	O
only	O
a	O
B	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
offer	O
a	O
deposit	O
of	O
40	B-PERCENT
-	I-PERCENT
50	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
against	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
their	O
raw	O
material	O
imports	O
.	O


This	O
terrified	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
.	O


According	O
to	O
TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
statistics	O
,	O
75	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
firms	O
were	O
given	O
Bs	O
.	O


The	O
announcement	O
caused	O
quite	O
a	O
stir	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
investment	O
is	O
as	O
yet	O
unclear	O
.	O


In	O
August	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
as	O
the	O
mainland	O
customs	O
authorities	O
took	O
aggressive	O
moves	O
against	O
smuggling	O
,	O
12	B-CARDINAL
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
people	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
were	O
detained	O
.	O


The	O
charges	O
ran	O
the	O
gamut	O
from	O
not	O
filling	O
out	O
proper	O
forms	O
to	O
purchasing	O
phony	O
export	O
contracts	O
and	O
trying	O
to	O
pass	O
them	O
off	O
to	O
customs	O
.	O


Seven	B-CARDINAL
business	O
people	O
were	O
arrested	O
and	O
charged	O
with	O
smuggling	O
and	O
are	O
still	O
in	O
jail	O
.	O


"	O
I	O
'm	O
constantly	O
thinking	O
about	O
them	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
meditating	O
and	O
have	O
gone	O
vegetarian	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
not	O
at	O
peace	O
,	O
"	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
says	O
.	O


On	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
the	O
highest	O
penalty	O
for	O
smuggling	O
is	O
death	O
.	O


"	O
Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
the	O
mainland	O
sent	O
nine	B-CARDINAL
customs	O
officers	O
to	O
the	O
firing	O
squad	O
,	O
"	O
notes	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
.	O


The	O
fate	O
of	O
these	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
businessmen	O
will	O
depend	O
entirely	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
's	O
political	O
climate	O
.	O


Whether	O
its	O
arrival	O
was	O
by	O
accident	O
or	O
design	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
age	O
for	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
is	O
here	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
a	O
far	O
cry	O
from	O
the	O
days	O
when	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
enjoyed	O
tremendous	O
advantages	O
.	O


From	O
the	O
various	O
revisions	O
to	O
trade	O
law	O
adopted	O
by	O
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
Chang	B-PERSON
Han	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
wen	I-PERSON
extrapolates	O
that	O
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
both	O
wants	O
to	O
protect	O
its	O
uncompetitive	O
state	O
firms	O
and	O
turn	O
from	O
low	O
-	O
tech	O
processing	O
to	O
high	O
-	O
tech	O
production	O
.	O


"	O
This	O
is	O
because	O
state	O
enterprises	O
pressure	O
the	O
government	O
with	O
appeals	O
about	O
their	O
right	O
to	O
survival	O
,	O
"	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
says	O
.	O


When	O
foreign	O
firms	O
in	O
the	O
mainland	O
are	O
confronted	O
with	O
threats	O
to	O
their	O
safety	O
and	O
property	O
,	O
"	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
can	O
count	O
on	O
the	O
cooperation	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
,	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Japanese	B-NORP
businesses	O
can	O
turn	O
to	O
their	O
ambassadors	O
,	O
but	O
what	O
can	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
do	O
?	O
"	O
asks	O
Yeh	B-PERSON
.	O


In	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
they	O
can	O
help	O
each	O
other	O
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
3,000	B-CARDINAL
Taiwanese	B-NORP
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
have	O
joined	O
TBAD	B-ORG
.	O


TBAD	B-ORG
has	O
29	B-CARDINAL
local	O
branches	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
and	O
is	O
,	O
moreover	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
association	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
with	O
a	O
women	O
's	O
division	O
.	O


Major	O
companies	O
listed	O
on	O
the	O
TAIEX	B-ORG
,	O
including	O
Lite	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
on	I-ORG
Electronics	I-ORG
and	O
Delta	B-ORG
Electronics	I-ORG
,	O
are	O
members	O
of	O
TBAD	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
largest	O
and	O
strongest	O
of	O
all	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
groups	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
both	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
organization	O
and	O
operations	O
.	O


Many	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
believe	O
that	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
of	O
cross-strait	O
tension	O
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
have	O
made	O
their	O
own	O
decisions	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
the	O
mainland	O
and	O
therefore	O
should	O
bear	O
the	O
risk	O
themselves	O
too	O
.	O


And	O
by	O
investing	O
their	O
money	O
,	O
technology	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
on	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
are	O
they	O
not	O
to	O
some	O
degree	O
abandoning	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
?	O


TBAD	B-ORG
takes	O
issue	O
with	O
this	O
view	O
.	O


H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
points	O
out	O
that	O
in	O
1998	B-DATE
Taiwan	B-GPE
had	O
an	O
overall	O
trade	O
surplus	O
of	O
US$	B-MONEY
5.9	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
a	O
surplus	O
of	O
US$	B-MONEY
12.76	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
with	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
not	O
for	O
its	O
trade	O
with	O
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
would	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
trade	O
deficit	O
.	O


"	O
We	O
make	O
our	O
money	O
here	O
,	O
but	O
we	O
pay	O
taxes	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
our	O
families	O
and	O
children	O
do	O
most	O
of	O
their	O
consumer	O
spending	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
"	O
insists	O
TBAD	B-ORG
chairperson	O
Chang	B-PERSON
Mei	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
liang	I-PERSON
.	O


Chang	B-PERSON
notes	O
that	O
after	O
the	O
major	O
earthquake	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
on	O
September	B-DATE
21	I-DATE
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
associations	O
throughout	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
contributed	O
NT$	B-MONEY
60	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


TBAD	B-ORG
contributed	O
NT$	B-MONEY
30	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
all	O
by	O
itself	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
he	O
argues	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
unfair	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
businesses	O
in	O
the	O
mainland	O
are	O
n't	O
contributing	O
to	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
question	O
is	O
,	O
how	O
should	O
the	O
ROC	B-GPE
government	O
view	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
the	O
mainland	O
?	O


And	O
for	O
that	O
matter	O
how	O
is	O
the	O
PRC	B-GPE
government	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
?	O


TBAD	B-ORG
's	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
H.D.	B-PERSON
Yeh	I-PERSON
often	O
goes	O
to	O
Beijing	B-GPE
to	O
represent	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
negotiations	O
with	O
the	O
government	O
.	O


Once	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
many	O
Communist	B-ORG
Party	I-ORG
cadres	O
,	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
ranking	O
official	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Taiwan	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
asked	O
him	O
this	O
question	O
:	O
"	O
You	O
've	O
gathered	O
so	O
many	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
and	O
stirred	O
up	O
such	O
enthusiasm	O
among	O
them	O
-	O
but	O
for	O
what	O
purpose	O
?	O
"	O


It	O
threw	O
him	O
for	O
a	O
loop	O
.	O


Yeh	B-PERSON
is	O
still	O
trying	O
to	O
figure	O
out	O
what	O
the	O
mainland	O
authorities	O
think	O
of	O
TBAD	B-ORG
.	O


For	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
,	O
investing	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
road	O
of	O
no	O
return	O
.	O


"	O
In	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
many	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
business	O
people	O
have	O
also	O
tried	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
Vietnam	B-GPE
,	O
only	O
later	O
to	O
close	O
their	O
factories	O
there	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chang	B-PERSON
Han	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
wen	I-PERSON
.	O


Mainland	O
China	B-GPE
shares	O
the	O
same	O
language	O
as	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
and	O
it	O
offers	O
attractive	O
investment	O
conditions	O
.	O


It	O
would	O
be	O
surprising	O
if	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
attract	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
that	O
are	O
eager	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
offshore	O
.	O


Amid	O
the	O
cross-strait	O
political	O
standoff	O
,	O
one	O
can	O
expect	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
firms	O
in	O
Dongguan	B-GPE
will	O
continue	O
to	O
live	O
out	O
this	O
exciting	O
tale	O
of	O
gain	O
and	O
loss	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
Cheng	I-PERSON
/	O
photos	O
by	O
Diago	B-PERSON
Chiu	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Jonathan	B-PERSON
Barnard	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Source	O
:	O
Taiwan	B-ORG
Business	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Dongguan	I-ORG


Graphic	O
by	O
Tsai	B-PERSON
Chih	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
pen	I-PERSON


Genteel	O
Journalis	O
--	O


Thomas	B-PERSON
Lu	I-PERSON


-LRB-	O
Eric	B-PERSON
Lin	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Taylor	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Thomas	B-PERSON
Lu	I-PERSON
is	O
the	O
doyen	O
of	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
news	O
media	O
.	O


Still	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
journalistic	O
front	O
lines	O
at	O
81	B-DATE
,	O
this	O
spry	O
,	O
forthright	O
veteran	O
has	O
an	O
immense	O
zest	O
for	O
life	O
.	O


At	O
78	B-DATE
,	O
drawing	O
on	O
his	O
astonishingly	O
sharp	O
memory	O
,	O
he	O
completed	O
his	O
reminiscences	O
and	O
"	O
record	O
of	O
emotional	O
regrets	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
is	O
not	O
only	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
wonders	O
"	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
journalistic	O
world	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
also	O
recognized	O
by	O
those	O
of	O
his	O
generation	O
as	O
a	O
gentleman	O
and	O
a	O
"	O
good	O
-	O
looking	O
man	O
.	O
"	O


A	O
person	O
's	O
looks	O
change	O
with	O
their	O
age	O
and	O
their	O
state	O
of	O
mind	O
.	O


Many	O
friends	O
have	O
told	O
me	O
I	O
look	O
better	O
the	O
older	O
I	O
get	O
.	O


People	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
that	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
young	O
I	O
had	O
dreadful	O
protruding	O
teeth	O
,	O
but	O
now	O
not	O
only	O
do	O
my	O
teeth	O
no	O
longer	O
show	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
lines	O
of	O
my	O
face	O
have	O
also	O
softened	O
.	O


People	O
who	O
know	O
me	O
know	O
that	O
there	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
two	B-CARDINAL
great	O
loves	O
in	O
my	O
life	O
:	O
the	O
news	O
,	O
and	O
women	O
.	O


Now	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
in	O
my	O
80s	B-DATE
,	O
looking	O
back	O
I	O
think	O
I	O
can	O
say	O
I	O
've	O
done	O
alright	O
in	O
both	O
respects	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
've	O
learnt	O
that	O
both	O
reporting	O
the	O
news	O
well	O
,	O
and	O
finding	O
favor	O
with	O
women	O
,	O
depend	O
on	O
your	O
character	O
and	O
conduct	O
.	O


Journalism	O
is	O
not	O
just	O
a	O
profession	O
,	O
but	O
should	O
also	O
be	O
a	O
vocation	O
-	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
throw	O
yourself	O
fully	O
into	O
this	O
infinitely	O
broad	O
field	O
of	O
endeavor	O
.	O


Intellectually	O
and	O
spiritually	O
,	O
in	O
work	O
and	O
in	O
love	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
gained	O
experience	O
and	O
fulfilment	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
always	O
remembered	O
the	O
encouragement	O
which	O
Mr.	O
Yu	B-PERSON
Youren	I-PERSON
gave	O
me	O
as	O
a	O
young	O
reporter	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
fearless	O
champion	O
of	O
social	O
justice	O
,	O
as	O
is	O
expected	O
of	O
a	O
journalist	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
thing	O
,	O
apart	O
from	O
energy	O
and	O
vitality	O
,	O
is	O
modesty	O
.	O


You	O
have	O
to	O
treat	O
everybody	O
the	O
same	O
,	O
and	O
not	O
be	O
overawed	O
by	O
the	O
great	O
and	O
powerful	O
.	O


A	O
president	O
or	O
a	O
street	O
sweeper	O
deserve	O
the	O
same	O
respect	O
as	O
a	O
human	O
being	O
,	O
and	O
should	O
both	O
be	O
treated	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
.	O


Funnily	O
enough	O
,	O
an	O
unassuming	O
attitude	O
is	O
also	O
advantageous	O
in	O
relations	O
with	O
the	O
opposite	O
sex	O
.	O


Chinese	B-NORP
society	O
is	O
male	O
dominated	O
,	O
and	O
women	O
are	O
mostly	O
regarded	O
as	O
having	O
a	O
subsidiary	O
role	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
unfair	O
situation	O
,	O
an	O
upstanding	O
man	O
should	O
cherish	O
and	O
respect	O
women	O
all	O
the	O
more	O
.	O


A	O
considerate	O
attitude	O
can	O
be	O
expressed	O
in	O
little	O
things	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
see	O
that	O
a	O
hair	O
has	O
fallen	O
onto	O
a	O
female	O
friend	O
's	O
shoulder	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
lightly	O
pick	O
it	O
off	O
for	O
her	O
,	O
and	O
throw	O
it	O
away	O
or	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
your	O
pocket	O
.	O


If	O
sincere	O
,	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
action	O
is	O
attractive	O
in	O
a	O
man	O
.	O


If	O
a	O
woman	O
expresses	O
her	O
liking	O
for	O
you	O
,	O
then	O
no	O
matter	O
whether	O
she	O
is	O
pretty	O
,	O
or	O
whether	O
you	O
find	O
her	O
attractive	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
respond	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
respect	O
.	O


When	O
I	O
was	O
a	O
young	O
reporter	O
stationed	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
British	B-NORP
woman	O
reporter	O
who	O
liked	O
me	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


Once	O
I	O
was	O
driving	O
her	O
somewhere	O
to	O
report	O
a	O
story	O
when	O
we	O
had	O
an	O
accident	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
suffered	O
some	O
badly	O
broken	O
bones	O
.	O


Although	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
attracted	O
to	O
her	O
in	O
that	O
way	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
see	O
her	O
every	O
day	O
in	O
hospital	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
left	O
a	O
deep	O
impression	O
on	O
her	O
of	O
how	O
considerate	O
Chinese	B-NORP
men	O
can	O
be	O
.	O


Looking	O
back	O
at	O
my	O
life	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
hardly	O
had	O
any	O
really	O
bad	O
experiences	O
in	O
my	O
relationships	O
with	O
women	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
because	O
just	O
as	O
in	O
my	O
professional	O
life	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
always	O
maintained	O
a	O
self	O
-	O
critical	O
attitude	O
towards	O
my	O
emotions	O
,	O
and	O
always	O
tried	O
to	O
prevent	O
myself	O
acting	O
like	O
a	O
male	O
chauvinist	O
.	O


Looks	O
are	O
something	O
you	O
are	O
born	O
with	O
,	O
but	O
character	O
is	O
something	O
you	O
can	O
work	O
on	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
can	O
outweigh	O
your	O
appearance	O
.	O


Luo	B-PERSON
Jialun	I-PERSON
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
leading	O
lights	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
May	I-EVENT
Fourth	I-EVENT
Movement	I-EVENT
,	O
is	O
a	O
famous	O
example	O
.	O


Luo	B-PERSON
was	O
not	O
good	O
looking	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
even	O
ridiculed	O
as	O
"	O
looking	O
like	O
a	O
cross	O
between	O
a	O
pig	O
,	O
a	O
dog	O
and	O
a	O
bear	O
.	O
"	O


But	O
he	O
was	O
tremendously	O
well	O
-	O
read	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
beautiful	O
writing	O
style	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
time	O
he	O
was	O
Chinese	B-NORP
ambassador	O
to	O
India	B-GPE
.	O


His	O
wife	O
was	O
a	O
universally	O
admired	O
beauty	O
,	O
the	O
envy	O
of	O
all	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
say	O
,	O
"	O
handsome	O
is	O
as	O
handsome	O
does	O
.	O
"	O


I	O
was	O
imprisoned	O
by	O
both	O
the	O
Kuomintang	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
Communists	B-NORP
,	O
and	O
at	O
times	O
I	O
might	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
other	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
situation	O
might	O
have	O
wallowed	O
in	O
self	O
-	O
pity	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
saw	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
rare	O
opportunity	O
in	O
life	O
.	O


In	O
1951	B-DATE
,	O
in	O
a	O
dark	O
prison	O
cell	O
during	O
a	O
big	O
Communist	B-NORP
purge	O
,	O
what	O
came	O
into	O
my	O
mind	O
was	O
not	O
fear	O
of	O
death	O
.	O


Instead	O
,	O
I	O
wondered	O
what	O
kind	O
of	O
headline	O
my	O
death	O
would	O
merit	O
in	O
the	O
newspapers	O
.	O


"	O
10,000	B-CARDINAL
Rush	O
to	O
See	O
Lu	B-PERSON
Executed	O
"	O
?	O


Perhaps	O
it	O
was	O
this	O
eternal	O
optimism	O
which	O
changed	O
my	O
frame	O
of	O
mind	O
and	O
my	O
appearance	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
advice	O
I	O
'd	O
like	O
to	O
give	O
young	O
people	O
:	O


it	O
's	O
true	O
that	O
good	O
looks	O
can	O
come	O
from	O
external	O
grooming	O
,	O
wearing	O
nice	O
clothes	O
,	O
or	O
wearing	O
earrings	O
;	O
and	O
perhaps	O
you	O
can	O
get	O
other	O
people	O
's	O
attention	O
by	O
creating	O
your	O
own	O
special	O
look	O
.	O


But	O
do	O
n't	O
overdo	O
it	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
appropriate	O
dress	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
temperament	O
developed	O
through	O
study	O
and	O
practice	O
,	O
which	O
really	O
make	O
a	O
man	O
attractive	O
.	O


Powerful	B-WORK_OF_ART
Tools	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
Biotechnology	I-WORK_OF_ART
-	I-WORK_OF_ART
Biochips	I-WORK_OF_ART


-LRB-	O
Chang	B-PERSON
Chiung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
fang	I-PERSON
/	O
photos	O
by	O
Hsueh	B-PERSON
Chi	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
kuang	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Taylor	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


The	O
enterovirus	O
detection	O
biochip	O
developed	O
by	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
Biotechnology	I-ORG
takes	O
only	B-TIME
six	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
to	O
give	O
hospitals	O
the	O
answer	O
to	O
whether	O
a	O
sample	O
contains	O
enterovirus	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
deadly	O
strain	O
Entero	O
71	O
.	O


Worldwide	O
,	O
biotechnology	O
is	O
a	O
rising	O
star	O
of	O
the	O
industrial	O
stage	O
.	O


In	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
recent	O
years	O
the	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Science	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Institutes	I-ORG
have	O
been	O
strongly	O
pursuing	O
"	O
biochip	O
"	O
research	O
programs	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
three	B-CARDINAL
biochip	O
companies	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


Just	O
what	O
are	O
biochips	O
?	O


What	O
use	O
are	O
they	O
to	O
mankind	O
?	O


Why	O
do	O
so	O
many	O
people	O
have	O
such	O
confidence	O
in	O
their	O
future	O
?	O


What	O
is	O
the	O
current	O
state	O
of	O
this	O
field	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
?	O


And	O
what	O
are	O
the	O
prospects	O
for	O
future	O
development	O
?	O


Let	O
's	O
take	O
a	O
closer	O
look	O
.	O


In	O
just	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
'	I-DATE
time	O
,	O
or	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
decades	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
following	O
scenario	O
could	O
become	O
a	O
reality	O
:	O


When	O
you	O
're	O
feeling	O
under	O
the	O
weather	O
,	O
all	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
buy	O
a	O
diagnostic	O
biochip	O
from	O
the	O
chemist	O
's	O
shop	O
,	O
put	O
a	O
drop	O
of	O
urine	O
onto	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
out	O
what	O
is	O
wrong	O
with	O
you	O
-	O
a	O
health	O
check	O
will	O
be	O
as	O
easy	O
as	O
a	O
pregnancy	O
test	O
today	O
.	O


Everyone	O
will	O
carry	O
with	O
them	O
a	O
biochip	O
bearing	O
a	O
record	O
and	O
analysis	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
DNA	O
.	O


From	O
it	O
one	O
will	O
not	O
only	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
one	O
's	O
own	O
physical	O
condition	O
,	O
but	O
even	O
to	O
predict	O
what	O
diseases	O
one	O
will	O
have	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
be	O
like	O
an	O
ID	O
card	O
,	O
needed	O
when	O
looking	O
for	O
work	O
,	O
buying	O
insurance	O
or	O
even	O
seeking	O
a	O
partner	O
for	O
love	O
and	O
marriage	O
.	O


Laboratories	O
will	O
no	O
longer	O
need	O
all	O
kinds	O
of	O
large	O
instruments	O
,	O
for	O
all	O
stages	O
of	O
their	O
experiments	O
will	O
be	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
little	O
biochips	O
,	O
saving	O
time	O
,	O
effort	O
and	O
money	O
.	O


Today	B-TIME
,	O
the	O
scenes	O
outlined	O
above	O
may	O
just	O
seem	O
like	O
pipe	O
dreams	O
.	O


But	O
these	O
dreams	O
could	O
yet	O
come	O
true	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
key	O
to	O
that	O
happening	O
is	O
those	O
little	O
biochips	O
.	O


A	B-WORK_OF_ART
dream	I-WORK_OF_ART
come	I-WORK_OF_ART
true	I-WORK_OF_ART
?	I-WORK_OF_ART


Developments	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
sequencing	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
genome	O
and	O
the	O
rapid	O
development	O
of	O
genetic	O
engineering	O
have	O
spawned	O
biotechnology	O
industries	O
like	O
bioinformatics	O
,	O
biomaterials	O
and	O
pharmaceutical	O
engineering	O
,	O
which	O
have	O
emerged	O
as	O
the	O
rising	O
stars	O
of	O
21st	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
industry	O
.	O


As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
's	O
efforts	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
biotechnology	O
industry	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
July	B-DATE
1999	I-DATE
the	B-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Technology	I-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
ITRI	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
set	O
up	O
the	B-ORG
Biomedical	I-ORG
Engineering	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
BMEC	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
to	O
actively	O
develop	O
biomedical	O
engineering	O
technologies	O
.	O


Biochips	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
core	O
technologies	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
.	O


BMEC	B-ORG
general	O
director	O
Dr.	O
Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
says	O
that	O
the	O
ITRI	B-ORG
's	O
four	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
R&D	O
program	O
in	O
biochip	O
applications	O
and	O
technology	O
is	O
now	O
in	O
its	O
second	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Its	O
initial	O
objectives	O
are	O
mainly	O
focused	O
on	O
developing	O
sensor	O
chips	O
to	O
screen	O
for	O
infectious	O
diseases	O
,	O
while	O
later	O
goals	O
will	O
be	O
to	O
develop	O
technologies	O
to	O
test	O
for	O
genetic	O
diseases	O
and	O
cancers	O
.	O


As	O
well	O
as	O
this	O
new	O
research	O
establishment	O
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
since	O
September	B-DATE
1998	I-DATE
three	B-CARDINAL
commercial	O
companies	O
have	O
been	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
to	O
make	O
biochips	O
:	O
U	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Vision	I-ORG
Biotech	I-ORG
,	O
Taiwan	B-ORG
Genome	I-ORG
Sciences	I-ORG
and	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
Biotechnology	I-ORG
.	O


Of	O
these	O
,	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
attracted	O
much	O
attention	O
this	B-ORG
year	I-ORG
when	O
it	O
developed	O
a	O
chip	O
to	O
detect	O
enteroviruses	O
,	O
a	O
deadly	O
epidemic	O
of	O
which	O
has	O
gripped	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
over	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Fever	B-WORK_OF_ART
chips	I-WORK_OF_ART


DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
Bio-technology	I-ORG
was	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
1998	I-DATE
.	O


Vice	O
president	O
Wang	B-PERSON
Shin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hwan	I-PERSON
states	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
successfully	O
applied	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
for	O
funding	O
to	O
help	O
it	O
pursue	O
a	O
development	O
program	O
for	O
enterovirus	O
detection	O
chips	O
and	O
test	O
technology	O
.	O


Today	O
,	O
the	O
enterovirus	O
chip	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
testing	O
phase	O
,	O
and	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
is	O
collaborating	O
with	O
Taipei	B-ORG
Veterans	I-ORG
General	I-ORG
Hospital	I-ORG
to	O
obtain	O
samples	O
with	O
which	O
to	O
establish	O
the	O
accuracy	O
of	O
the	O
chip	O
.	O


What	O
is	O
so	O
remarkable	O
about	O
the	O
enterovirus	O
detection	O
chip	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
traditional	O
test	O
methods	O
?	O


There	O
are	O
68	B-CARDINAL
known	O
forms	O
of	O
non-polio	O
enterovirus	O
.	O


The	O
detection	O
chip	O
does	O
not	O
simply	O
determine	O
whether	O
a	O
person	O
is	O
infected	O
with	O
enterovirus	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
also	O
differentiate	O
between	O
different	O
virus	O
groups	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
showing	O
whether	O
a	O
sample	O
contains	O
the	O
deadly	O
Entero	O
71	O
virus	O
,	O
or	O
Coxsackie	O
A16	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
easily	O
confused	O
with	O
Entero	O
71	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
chip	O
and	O
its	O
accompanying	O
PCR	O
kit	O
greatly	O
reduce	O
the	O
time	O
required	O
for	O
testing	O
.	O


Wang	B-PERSON
Shin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hwan	I-PERSON
notes	O
that	O
traditional	O
bacterial	O
and	O
viral	O
cultures	O
take	O
seven	O
to	O
ten	O
days	O
to	O
prepare	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
with	O
the	O
newer	O
molecular	O
biology	O
testing	O
techniques	O
it	O
takes	O
three	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
to	O
get	O
a	O
result	O
.	O


But	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
has	O
developed	O
methods	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
sample	O
preparation	O
time	O
,	O
which	O
enables	O
a	O
result	O
to	O
be	O
obtained	O
in	O
only	B-TIME
six	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
when	O
used	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
their	O
enterovirus	O
chip	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
initial	O
results	O
of	O
joint	O
trials	O
by	O
DR.	B-ORG
Chip	I-ORG
,	O
Chang	B-ORG
Gung	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
and	O
National	B-ORG
Cheng	I-ORG
Kung	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
chip	O
is	O
over	O
a	O
thousand	B-CARDINAL
times	O
more	O
sensitive	O
than	O
traditional	O
test	O
methods	O
.	O


"	O
In	O
addition	O
to	O
enterovirus	O
,	O
we	O
plan	O
to	O
develop	O
chips	O
to	O
detect	O
other	O
infectious	O
diseases	O
such	O
as	O
hepatitis	O
B	O
,	O
hepatitis	O
C	O
and	O
HIV	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Wang	B-PERSON
Shin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hwan	I-PERSON
.	O


Apart	O
from	O
the	O
enterovirus	O
chip	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
already	O
at	O
the	O
testing	O
stage	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
ITRI	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Molecular	I-ORG
Biomedical	I-ORG
Technology	I-ORG
Division	I-ORG
is	O
also	O
conducting	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
on	O
biochip	O
applications	O
and	O
technology	O
.	O


Research	O
program	O
director	O
Pan	B-PERSON
Chao	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chi	I-PERSON
states	O
that	O
at	O
present	O
they	O
are	O
actively	O
developing	O
a	O
"	O
fever	O
chip	O
"	O
with	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
applications	O
.	O


Pan	O
explains	O
that	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
,	O
the	O
causes	O
of	O
fever	O
are	O
difficult	O
to	O
quickly	O
diagnose	O
.	O


A	O
"	O
fever	O
chip	O
"	O
bearing	O
the	O
DNA	O
of	O
common	O
fever	O
-	O
causing	O
viruses	O
and	O
bacteria	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
fever	O
and	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
pathogen	O
involved	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
valuable	O
tool	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
Pan	B-PERSON
points	O
out	O
that	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
difficulties	O
in	O
substantially	O
reducing	O
the	O
time	O
needed	O
for	O
sample	O
preparation	O
,	O
the	O
usefulness	O
of	O
such	O
a	O
fever	O
chip	O
is	O
still	O
limited	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
not	O
yet	O
be	O
widely	O
promoted	O
.	O


Where	O
the	O
real	O
money	O
is	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
most	O
applications	O
for	O
biochips	O
are	O
in	O
academic	O
research	O
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
pharmaceutical	O
drugs	O
.	O


Demand	O
for	O
them	O
is	O
growing	O
rapidly	O
.	O


Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
says	O
that	O
according	O
to	O
US	B-GPE
market	O
research	O
estimates	O
,	O
the	O
worldwide	O
annual	O
consumption	O
of	O
microarray	O
chips	O
is	O
currently	O
around	O
250,000	B-CARDINAL
;	O
in	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
this	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
grow	O
to	O
1.2	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Based	O
on	O
a	O
market	O
price	O
per	O
chip	O
of	O
US$	B-MONEY
1,000	I-MONEY
,	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
market	O
in	O
biochips	O
could	O
grow	O
to	O
US$	B-MONEY
1.2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
2003	B-DATE
,	O
and	O
to	O
US$	B-MONEY
40	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
over	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
.	O


Thus	O
some	O
people	O
have	O
set	O
their	O
sights	O
on	O
the	O
biochip	O
market	O
,	O
and	O
believe	O
that	O
following	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
success	O
in	O
the	O
semiconductor	O
field	O
,	O
the	O
island	O
could	O
go	O
on	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
major	O
center	O
for	O
contract	O
manufacture	O
of	O
biochips	O
.	O


Be	O
that	O
as	O
it	O
may	O
,	O
the	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
biochip	O
companies	O
so	O
far	O
established	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
still	O
find	O
their	O
market	O
in	O
domestic	O
research	O
establishments	O
and	O
pharmaceuticals	O
manufacturers	O
.	O


Although	O
they	O
are	O
also	O
actively	O
developing	O
overseas	O
markets	O
,	O
what	O
interests	O
them	O
most	O
is	O
not	O
biochips	O
per	O
se	O
,	O
nor	O
are	O
they	O
content	O
merely	O
to	O
be	O
contract	O
manufacturers	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
chips	O
are	O
only	O
a	O
tool	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
big	O
money	O
is	O
not	O
in	O
chip	O
sales	O
.	O


What	O
counts	O
is	O
the	O
R&D	O
behind	O
them	O
.	O
"	O


Jerry	B-PERSON
Huang	I-PERSON
,	O
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
U	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Vision	I-ORG
Biotech	I-ORG
,	O
reveals	O
that	O
U	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Vision	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
was	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
1999	I-DATE
,	O
has	O
signed	O
a	O
contract	O
with	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
company	O
Zen	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Bio	I-ORG
to	O
jointly	O
develop	O
human	O
adipocyte	O
cDNA	O
microarray	O
chips	O
.	O


Huang	B-PERSON
states	O
that	O
research	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
has	O
revealed	O
that	O
adipocytes	O
-LRB-	O
fat	O
cells	O
-RRB-	O
are	O
active	O
regulators	O
of	O
the	O
energy	O
balance	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
,	O
and	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
disorders	O
such	O
as	O
obesity	O
,	O
diabetes	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
disease	O
.	O


Thus	O
it	O
is	O
hoped	O
that	O
research	O
into	O
human	O
adipocytes	O
can	O
help	O
in	O
the	O
search	O
for	O
drugs	O
and	O
other	O
therapies	O
to	O
treat	O
these	O
disorders	O
.	O


Apart	O
from	O
this	O
,	O
U	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Vision	I-ORG
is	O
also	O
conducting	O
a	O
one	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
bacterial	O
genome	O
project	O
,	O
which	O
aims	O
to	O
map	O
the	O
genome	O
of	O
a	O
certain	O
drug	O
-	O
resistant	O
bacterium	O
as	O
a	O
basis	O
for	O
developing	O
new	O
vaccines	O
and	O
drugs	O
.	O


Drug	O
development	O


Taiwan	B-ORG
Genome	I-ORG
Sciences	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
TGS	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
November	B-DATE
1999	I-DATE
as	O
a	O
joint	O
venture	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Uni-President	I-ORG
Enterprises	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
Yuen	B-PERSON
Foong	I-PERSON
Yu	I-PERSON
and	O
Tuntex	B-ORG
Groups	I-ORG
,	O
only	O
entered	O
the	O
biotechnology	O
fray	O
in	O
April	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


CEO	O
Andrew	B-PERSON
Kuo	I-PERSON
says	O
the	O
investors	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
view	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
needs	O
to	O
develop	O
its	O
biotechnology	O
industries	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
they	O
combined	O
their	O
resources	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
investment	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
.	O


TGS	B-ORG
's	O
strategy	O
is	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
US	B-GPE
genome	O
research	O
companies	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
sign	O
technology	O
transfer	O
agreements	O
and	O
chip	O
production	O
contracts	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


Kuo	B-PERSON
comments	O
that	O
contract	O
production	O
of	O
chips	O
is	O
merely	O
a	O
service	O
activity	O
and	O
a	O
source	O
of	O
income	O
for	O
the	O
company	O
-	O
TGS	B-ORG
's	O
ultimate	O
goal	O
is	O
in	O
doing	O
R&D	O
work	O
to	O
identify	O
gene	O
sequences	O
as	O
targets	O
for	O
developing	O
new	O
drugs	O
.	O


Kuo	B-PERSON
states	O
that	O
at	O
present	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
known	O
target	O
sequences	O
for	O
disease	O
-	O
treating	O
drugs	O
is	O
only	O
around	O
500	B-CARDINAL
,	O
but	O
as	O
the	O
human	O
genome	O
is	O
mapped	O
out	O
this	O
number	O
can	O
be	O
expected	O
to	O
increase	O
tenfold	O
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
TGS	B-ORG
has	O
its	O
sights	O
set	O
mainly	O
on	O
doing	O
research	O
into	O
diseases	O
which	O
are	O
especially	O
prevalent	O
in	O
Asia	B-LOC
,	O
such	O
as	O
liver	O
and	O
stomach	O
cancers	O
.	O


A	B-WORK_OF_ART
chip	I-WORK_OF_ART
revolution	I-WORK_OF_ART


However	O
,	O
the	O
potential	O
uses	O
for	O
biochips	O
go	O
far	O
beyond	O
the	O
medical	O
applications	O
outlined	O
above	O
.	O


Dr.	O
Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
heading	O
up	O
the	B-ORG
Biomedical	I-ORG
Engineering	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
is	O
also	O
general	O
director	O
of	O
Union	B-ORG
Chemical	I-ORG
Laboratories	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
research	O
institute	O
under	O
the	O
ITRI	B-ORG
umbrella	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
due	O
to	O
biochips	O
'	O
advantages	O
of	O
miniaturization	O
,	O
parallelism	O
,	O
speed	O
and	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
reveal	O
the	O
"	O
big	O
picture	O
,	O
"	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
applications	O
.	O


They	O
can	O
not	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
research	O
tool	O
in	O
biological	O
,	O
medical	O
and	O
pharmaceutical	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnostic	O
tool	O
for	O
doing	O
health	O
checks	O
,	O
testing	O
for	O
infectious	O
pathogens	O
,	O
screening	O
blood	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
can	O
also	O
find	O
uses	O
in	O
such	O
areas	O
as	O
defense	O
applications	O
,	O
police	O
forensic	O
work	O
,	O
environmental	O
testing	O
and	O
food	O
testing	O
.	O


Biochips	O
come	O
in	O
two	O
main	O
types	O
:	O
the	O
microfluidics	O
chip	O
or	O
"	O
lab	O
-	O
on	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
chip	O
,	O
"	O
and	O
the	O
microarray	O
chip	O
or	O
"	O
DNA	O
chip	O
.	O
"	O


Microfluidics	O
chips	O
bring	O
together	O
biotechnology	O
,	O
microelectronics	O
,	O
micromachining	O
and	O
other	O
technologies	O
to	O
integrate	O
the	O
functions	O
of	O
multiple	O
laboratory	O
instruments	O
onto	O
a	O
single	O
chip	O
in	O
miniaturized	O
form	O
.	O


Meanwhile	O
on	O
microarray	O
chips	O
,	O
biological	O
molecules	O
such	O
as	O
gene	O
segments	O
,	O
oligonucleotides	O
,	O
proteins	O
or	O
antibodies	O
are	O
bound	O
to	O
the	O
chip	O
surface	O
in	O
an	O
array	O
of	O
tiny	O
spots	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
single	O
chip	O
may	O
carry	O
many	O
tens	O
of	O
thousands	O
of	O
such	O
spots	O
.	O


BMEC	B-ORG
researcher	O
Pan	B-PERSON
Chao	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chi	I-PERSON
uses	O
the	O
example	O
of	O
blood	O
screening	O
for	O
a	O
blood	O
bank	O
to	O
illustrate	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
kinds	O
of	O
chips	O
.	O


To	O
test	O
a	O
blood	O
sample	O
using	O
a	O
microarray	O
chip	O
,	O
the	O
sample	O
must	O
first	O
go	O
through	O
many	O
preparatory	O
steps	O
such	O
as	O
purification	O
,	O
nucleotide	O
extraction	O
,	O
copying	O
,	O
amplification	O
and	O
labeling	O
before	O
being	O
put	O
onto	O
the	O
chip	O
where	O
the	O
"	O
hybridization	O
"	O
reaction	O
takes	O
place	O
.	O


Finally	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
are	O
analyzed	O
using	O
a	O
detection	O
system	O
.	O


Hence	O
these	O
chips	O
are	O
only	O
suitable	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
laboratory	O
.	O


In	O
contrast	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
lab	O
-	O
on	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
chip	O
system	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
laboratory	O
preparation	O
stages	O
will	O
be	O
done	O
on	O
the	O
chip	O
itself	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
user	O
need	O
only	O
place	O
a	O
drop	O
of	O
blood	O
directly	O
onto	O
the	O
chip	O
to	O
obtain	O
a	O
result	O
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
microfluidics	O
technology	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
mature	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
such	O
chips	O
have	O
been	O
launched	O
as	O
commercial	O
products	O
anywhere	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
says	O
Pan	B-PERSON
Chao	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chih	I-PERSON
:	O
"	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
way	O
future	O
biochip	O
development	O
will	O
go	O
.	O
"	O


The	B-WORK_OF_ART
poor	I-WORK_OF_ART
man	I-WORK_OF_ART
's	I-WORK_OF_ART
chip	I-WORK_OF_ART


Future	O
prospects	O
also	O
seem	O
infinite	O
for	O
microarray	O
chips	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
already	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
laboratories	O
and	O
research	O
establishments	O
.	O


Jerry	B-PERSON
Huang	I-PERSON
notes	O
that	O
DNA	O
chips	O
are	O
an	O
indispensable	O
research	O
tool	O
in	O
molecular	O
biology	O
.	O


On	O
one	B-CARDINAL
little	O
biochip	O
,	O
tens	B-CARDINAL
of	I-CARDINAL
thousands	I-CARDINAL
of	O
gene	O
segments	O
can	O
be	O
arranged	O
to	O
simultaneously	O
detect	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
tens	B-CARDINAL
of	I-CARDINAL
thousands	I-CARDINAL
of	O
genes	O
.	O


In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
whereas	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
researchers	O
had	O
to	O
investigate	O
each	O
gene	O
individually	O
,	O
today	O
,	O
using	O
biochips	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
obtain	O
test	O
results	O
for	O
tens	B-CARDINAL
of	I-CARDINAL
thousands	I-CARDINAL
of	O
genes	O
at	O
once	O
.	O


In	O
particular	O
,	O
biochips	O
not	O
only	O
can	O
speed	O
the	O
pace	O
of	O
research	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
also	O
replace	O
laboratory	O
animals	O
such	O
as	O
rats	O
and	O
rabbits	O
in	O
many	O
experiments	O
,	O
with	O
tests	O
being	O
carried	O
out	O
directly	O
on	O
human	O
genes	O
on	O
the	O
chip	O
.	O


Thus	O
as	O
research	O
tools	O
biochips	O
are	O
not	O
only	O
convenient	O
and	O
quick	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
more	O
humane	O
.	O


Dr.	O
Konan	B-PERSON
Peck	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
assistant	O
research	O
fellow	O
at	O
Academia	B-ORG
Sinica	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Biomedical	I-ORG
Sciences	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
IBMS	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
biochips	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
more	O
widely	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
molecular	O
biology	O
research	O
tool	O
.	O


With	O
this	O
in	O
mind	O
,	O
Peck	B-PERSON
has	O
developed	O
nylon	O
-	O
based	O
biochips	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
called	O
"	O
the	O
poor	O
man	O
's	O
biochip	O
,	O
"	O
since	O
they	O
cost	O
a	B-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
less	O
than	O
glass	O
chips	O
.	O


Apart	O
from	O
the	O
material	O
itself	O
being	O
cheaper	O
,	O
the	O
nylon	O
chips	O
use	O
a	O
visible	O
-	O
spectrum	O
colorimetric	O
system	O
to	O
display	O
results	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
be	O
read	O
using	O
an	O
ordinary	O
optical	O
scanner	O
,	O
which	O
costs	O
50	B-PERCENT
-	I-PERCENT
70	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
less	O
than	O
using	O
a	O
special	O
laser	O
detector	O
.	O


The	O
nylon	O
membrane	O
biochips	O
currently	O
produced	O
by	O
TGS	B-ORG
and	O
U	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Vision	I-ORG
Biotech	I-ORG
are	O
all	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
technology	O
developed	O
by	O
Konan	B-PERSON
Peck	I-PERSON
.	O


Cutting	B-WORK_OF_ART
edge	I-WORK_OF_ART


Can	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
really	O
repeat	O
its	O
success	O
in	O
the	O
semiconductor	O
industry	O
,	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
major	O
production	O
center	O
for	O
biochips	O
?	O


BMEC	B-ORG
director	O
Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
observes	O
that	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
scientific	O
and	O
technical	O
know	O
-	O
how	O
required	O
for	O
biochip	O
production	O
is	O
very	O
high	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
opportunities	O
for	O
contract	O
manufacture	O
are	O
limited	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
early	O
entry	O
into	O
biochip	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
high	O
state	O
of	O
development	O
of	O
its	O
semiconductor	O
industry	O
,	O
the	O
island	O
is	O
well	O
supplied	O
with	O
relevant	O
technology	O
and	O
skills	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
says	O
Lee	B-PERSON
,	O
"	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
should	O
have	O
opportunities	O
to	O
enter	O
this	O
field	O
not	O
merely	O
as	O
a	O
contract	O
manufacturer	O
.	O
"	O


The	O
potential	O
and	O
importance	O
of	O
biochips	O
is	O
plain	O
to	O
see	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
this	O
new	O
,	O
interdisciplinary	O
industry	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
still	O
many	O
obstacles	O
and	O
difficulties	O
to	O
overcome	O
.	O


Apart	O
from	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
technology	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
mature	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
generally	O
accepted	O
,	O
mutually	O
compatible	O
international	O
standards	O
have	O
not	O
yet	O
emerged	O
,	O
the	O
biggest	O
bottleneck	O
for	O
biochips	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
is	O
the	O
many	O
thousands	O
of	O
patents	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
taken	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
,	O
which	O
limit	O
the	O
avenues	O
available	O
to	O
each	O
player	O
.	O


"	O
Because	O
this	O
area	O
is	O
a	O
patents	O
minefield	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
impossible	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
product	O
which	O
from	O
start	O
to	O
finish	O
does	O
n't	O
infringe	O
on	O
anyone	O
else	O
's	O
patents	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
.	O


In	O
his	O
view	O
,	O
this	O
problem	O
may	O
be	O
resolved	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
by	O
the	O
exchange	O
of	O
patented	O
technologies	O
between	O
players	O
.	O


In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
at	O
this	O
stage	O
companies	O
must	O
actively	O
carry	O
out	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
obtain	O
international	O
patents	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
have	O
bargaining	O
chips	O
in	O
future	O
negotiations	O
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
the	O
BMEC	B-ORG
has	O
over	O
10	B-CARDINAL
patents	O
pending	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
microfluidics	O
biochips	O
,	O
chip	O
surface	O
processing	O
technology	O
and	O
probe	O
design	O
and	O
applications	O
.	O


Pushing	O
the	O
envelope	O


Although	O
at	O
their	O
present	O
stage	O
of	O
development	O
,	O
biochips	O
are	O
already	O
a	O
great	O
help	O
to	O
researchers	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
still	O
far	O
removed	O
from	O
ordinary	O
people	O
's	O
lives	O
.	O


But	O
one	O
day	O
they	O
will	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
all	O
our	O
lives	O
.	O


"	O
Applications	O
and	O
commercialization	O
are	O
our	O
goal	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Johnsee	B-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
.	O


He	O
says	O
that	O
only	O
if	O
research	O
results	O
are	O
commercialized	O
does	O
research	O
produce	O
an	O
economic	O
payback	O
.	O


Equally	O
,	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
really	O
broad	O
market	O
biochips	O
need	O
to	O
go	O
beyond	O
the	O
laboratory	O
researcher	O
,	O
and	O
into	O
hospitals	O
,	O
clinics	O
and	O
homes	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
individual	O
users	O
.	O


Lee	B-PERSON
points	O
out	O
that	O
before	O
biochips	O
will	O
be	O
worth	O
commercializing	O
,	O
sample	O
preparation	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
convenient	O
,	O
reading	O
results	O
must	O
be	O
simple	O
and	O
easy	O
,	O
the	O
chips	O
'	O
speed	O
and	O
accuracy	O
must	O
be	O
high	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
cost	O
must	O
be	O
low	O
.	O


He	O
predicts	O
that	O
in	O
one	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
biochips	O
will	O
be	O
suitable	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
supplemental	O
tests	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
around	B-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
for	O
high	O
-	O
throughput	O
screening	O
;	O
in	O
five	O
years	O
time	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
possible	O
to	O
develop	O
them	O
into	O
general	O
screening	O
tools	O
which	O
will	O
be	O
as	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
as	O
the	O
pregnancy	O
test	O
kits	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
today	O
.	O


IBMS	B-ORG
associate	O
research	O
fellow	O
Konan	B-PERSON
Peck	I-PERSON
agrees	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
foreseeable	O
future	O
,	O
diagnostic	O
chips	O
will	O
enable	O
everyone	O
to	O
learn	O
their	O
current	O
state	O
of	O
health	O
and	O
know	O
what	O
diseases	O
they	O
may	O
develop	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


But	O
in	O
a	O
situation	O
where	O
testing	O
technology	O
is	O
ahead	O
of	O
medical	O
treatment	O
technology	O
,	O
the	O
medical	O
problems	O
so	O
discovered	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
treatable	O
.	O


Mankind	O
is	O
always	O
challenging	O
his	O
limits	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
,	O
biochips	O
lift	O
the	O
veil	O
of	O
many	O
diseases	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
challenge	O
will	O
have	O
only	O
just	O
begun	O
.	O


Turning	O
to	O
the	O
Constitution	O
on	O
the	O
"	O
One	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
Issue	O


Still	O
wrestling	O
with	O
the	O
vexed	O
issue	O
of	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
,	O
"	O
the	B-ORG
President	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
on	O
Cross-Strait	B-LOC
Relations	O
met	O
for	O
its	O
sixth	B-ORDINAL
and	O
seventh	B-ORDINAL
sessions	O
during	O
November	B-DATE
,	O
amid	O
frenzied	O
media	O
attention	O
.	O


The	O
group	O
eventually	O
reached	O
a	O
consensus	O
that	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
principle	O
advocated	O
by	O
the	O
mainland	O
should	O
be	O
addressed	O
"	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
constitution	O
.	O
"	O


How	O
president	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Shui	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
bian	I-PERSON
responds	O
to	O
this	O
proposal	O
will	O
determine	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
stalemate	O
can	O
be	O
broken	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
there	O
is	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
set	O
timetable	O
for	O
implementing	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
direct	O
links	O
.	O


After	O
assuming	O
the	O
presidency	O
,	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Shui	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
bian	I-PERSON
recruited	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
leading	O
politicians	O
,	O
industrialists	O
,	O
academics	O
and	O
other	O
personages	O
for	O
a	O
non-partisan	O
advisory	O
group	O
,	O
intended	O
to	O
build	O
cross-party	O
consensus	O
on	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
relations	O
with	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


Chaired	O
by	O
Academia	B-ORG
Sinica	I-ORG
president	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Yuan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tseh	I-PERSON
,	O
the	B-ORG
Presidential	I-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
on	I-ORG
Cross-Strait	I-ORG
Relations	I-ORG
first	B-ORDINAL
met	O
in	O
early	B-DATE
September	I-DATE
.	O


Since	O
then	O
the	O
Group	B-ORG
has	O
held	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
intensive	O
discussions	O
on	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
fundamental	O
position	O
regarding	O
the	O
cross-strait	O
relationship	O
.	O


The	O
Group	B-ORG
entered	O
the	O
final	O
phase	O
of	O
discussions	O
on	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
issue	O
during	O
November	B-DATE
,	O
but	O
differences	O
between	O
pro-unification	O
and	O
pro-independence	O
participants	O
continued	O
to	O
stymie	O
the	O
effort	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
statement	O
acceptable	O
to	O
all	O
.	O


As	O
DPP	B-ORG
legislator	O
Shen	B-PERSON
Fu	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hsiung	I-PERSON
pointed	O
out	O
,	O
the	O
Group	B-ORG
had	O
to	O
draft	O
something	O
"	O
palatable	O
both	O
to	O
the	O
pro-unification	O
and	O
pro-independence	O
camps	O
;	O
something	O
which	O
the	O
DPP	B-ORG
ca	O
n't	O
shun	O
and	O
yet	O
which	O
does	O
n't	O
make	O
Beijing	B-GPE
wince	O
.	O
"	O


Clearly	O
no	O
easy	O
task	O
.	O


On	O
the	B-TIME
evening	I-TIME
of	I-TIME
November	I-TIME
18	I-TIME
Advisory	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
chairman	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Yuan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tseh	I-PERSON
,	O
meeting	O
over	O
dinner	O
with	O
DPP	B-ORG
faction	O
leaders	O
,	O
described	O
the	O
cross-strait	O
situation	O
as	O
extremely	O
precarious	O
,	O
and	O
said	O
that	O
since	O
time	O
is	O
not	O
on	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
side	O
we	O
need	O
to	O
step	O
up	O
efforts	O
to	O
resume	O
dialogue	O
with	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


Separately	O
,	O
during	O
his	O
report	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Legislative	I-ORG
Yuan	I-ORG
on	O
the	B-ORG
Academia	I-ORG
Sinica	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
budget	O
,	O
Lee	B-PERSON
reiterated	O
:	O
"	O
If	O
the	O
whole	O
population	O
could	O
arrive	O
at	O
a	O
consensus	O
on	O
'	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
,	O
'	O
then	O
President	O
Chen	B-PERSON
would	O
have	O
no	O
grounds	O
for	O
not	O
accepting	O
that	O
consensus	O
.	O
"	O


Lee	B-PERSON
added	O
that	O
he	O
hoped	O
the	B-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
would	O
shortly	O
come	O
to	O
a	O
firm	O
conclusion	O
on	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
issue	O
.	O


Lee	B-PERSON
Yuan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tseh	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
appeal	O
made	O
little	O
impression	O
on	O
the	O
governing	O
DPP	B-ORG
,	O
however	O
.	O


Furthermore	O
,	O
DPP	B-ORG
chairman	O
Frank	B-PERSON
Hsieh	I-PERSON
himself	O
came	O
under	O
fire	O
within	O
the	O
party	O
after	O
stating	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
constitution	O
of	O
the	O
ROC	B-GPE
is	O
itself	O
a	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
framework	O
.	O


Since	O
the	O
DPP	B-ORG
has	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
constitutional	O
amendment	O
it	O
ought	O
to	O
accept	O
this	O
constitution	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
the	O
party	O
of	O
government	O
we	O
ca	O
n't	O
afford	O
to	O
override	O
or	O
reject	O
it	O
.	O
"	O


According	O
to	O
DPP	B-ORG
lawmaker	O
Lin	B-PERSON
Cho	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
shui	I-PERSON
,	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Shui	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
bian	I-PERSON
has	O
shown	O
more	O
goodwill	O
to	O
Beijing	B-GPE
as	O
president	O
than	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Teng	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hui	I-PERSON
ever	O
did	O
,	O
but	O
without	O
any	O
response	O
-	O


so	O
why	O
should	O
he	O
once	O
again	O
be	O
expected	O
to	O
respond	O
on	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
issue	O
?	O


Also	O
,	O
Lin	B-PERSON
disagrees	O
with	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Yuan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tseh	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
assertion	O
that	O
"	O
time	O
is	O
not	O
on	O
our	O
side	O
,	O
"	O
and	O
instead	O
feels	O
that	O
things	O
are	O
no	O
worse	O
than	O
before	O
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
the	O
opposition	O
alliance	O
has	O
been	O
calling	O
for	O
the	O
DPP	B-ORG
to	O
"	O
shed	O
its	O
ideological	O
baggage	O
.	O
"	O


On	O
November	B-DATE
24	I-DATE
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
had	O
already	O
pulled	O
out	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
published	O
an	O
article	O
in	O
the	O
press	O
signed	O
by	O
leading	O
members	O
such	O
as	O
Yu	B-PERSON
Mu	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
ming	I-PERSON
and	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Kui	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
miao	I-PERSON
,	O
in	O
which	O
they	O
called	O
on	O
the	O
government	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
constitution	O
as	O
its	O
starting	O
point	O
for	O
breaking	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
deadlock	O
.	O


They	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
Chen	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
DPP	B-ORG
had	O
competed	O
in	O
elections	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
constitution	O
,	O
winning	O
the	O
presidency	O
and	O
a	O
share	O
of	O
seats	O
in	O
the	O
legislature	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Assembly	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
had	O
also	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
revising	O
the	O
constitution	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
with	O
its	O
constitutionally	O
granted	O
mandate	O
,	O
the	O
party	O
has	O
an	O
obligation	O
to	O
fully	O
uphold	O
the	O
constitution	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
politicians	O
argued	O
,	O
Formosa	B-ORG
Plastics	I-ORG
boss	O
Wang	B-PERSON
Yung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
ching	I-PERSON
convened	O
a	O
meeting	O
with	O
other	O
captains	O
of	O
industry	O
to	O
come	O
up	O
with	O
some	O
advice	O
for	O
the	O
government	O
on	O
economic	O
policy	O
.	O


For	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
Wang	B-PERSON
voiced	O
support	O
for	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Yuan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tseh	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
proposal	O
that	O
"	O
with	O
'	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
'	O
as	O
the	O
precondition	O
,	O
each	O
side	O
can	O
have	O
its	O
own	O
interpretation	O
.	O
"	O


Wang	B-PERSON
also	O
agreed	O
with	O
Lee	B-PERSON
's	O
notion	O
that	O
time	O
is	O
running	O
out	O
for	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
the	O
belief	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
will	O
only	O
have	O
time	O
on	O
its	O
side	O
once	O
it	O
starts	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
well	O
-	O
intentioned	O
engagement	O
with	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


Consensus	O
on	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
question	O
"	O
is	O
an	O
urgent	O
priority	O
for	O
both	O
sides	O
if	O
there	O
is	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
peaceful	O
future	O
.	O


Wang	B-PERSON
Yung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
ching	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
demand	O
for	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
's	O
"	O
go	O
slow	O
"	O
policy	O
,	O
and	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
direct	O
links	O
,	O
brought	O
a	O
personal	O
phone	O
call	O
from	O
the	O
president	O
,	O
who	O
invited	O
him	O
to	O
come	O
and	O
discuss	O
policy	O
.	O


On	O
November	B-DATE
25	I-DATE
Wang	B-PERSON
and	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
other	O
leading	O
industrialists	O
went	O
to	O
call	O
on	O
the	O
president	O
at	O
his	O
official	O
residence	O
.	O


The	O
businessmen	O
said	O
that	O
shelving	O
the	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
issue	O
was	O
not	O
the	O
right	O
thing	O
for	O
the	O
government	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
could	O
no	O
longer	O
afford	O
to	O
play	O
word	O
games	O
.	O


They	O
stressed	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
early	O
restoration	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
for	O
cross-strait	O
economic	O
dialogue	O
,	O
and	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
government	O
should	O
also	O
think	O
about	O
moving	O
towards	O
political	O
dialogue	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Presidential	I-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
met	O
again	O
on	O
November	B-DATE
26	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
discussed	O
a	O
proposal	O
,	O
made	O
earlier	O
by	O
Public	B-ORG
Television	I-ORG
System	I-ORG
chairman	O
Wu	B-PERSON
Feng	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
shan	I-PERSON
and	O
already	O
favored	O
by	O
most	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Group	B-ORG
,	O
for	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
"	O
to	O
be	O
addressed	O
through	O
"	O
three	B-CARDINAL
acknowledgements	O
and	O
four	B-CARDINAL
suggestions	O
.	O
"	O


A	O
firm	O
consensus	O
was	O
finally	O
arrived	O
at	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Group	B-ORG
submitted	O
to	O
the	O
president	O
its	O
proposal	O
that	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
should	O
"	O
respond	O
to	O
the	O
mainland	O
's	O
'	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
'	O
proposition	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
constitution	O
of	O
the	O
ROC	B-GPE
.	O
"	O


The	O
government	O
and	O
opposition	O
parties	O
continued	O
to	O
disagree	O
regarding	O
this	O
consensus	O
.	O


DPP	B-ORG
legislator	O
Lin	B-PERSON
Cho	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
shui	I-PERSON
described	O
it	O
as	O
"	O
acceptable	O
,	O
if	O
not	O
very	O
satisfactory	O
.	O
"	O


PFP	B-ORG
spokesman	O
Li	B-PERSON
Ching	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
an	I-PERSON
called	O
it	O
"	O
a	O
conclusion	O
without	O
a	O
conclusion	O
.	O
"	O


New	B-ORG
Party	I-ORG
convenor	O
Hau	B-PERSON
Lung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
pin	I-PERSON
said	O
the	O
statement	O
was	O
too	O
ambiguous	O
,	O
tending	O
towards	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
,	O
with	O
each	O
side	O
free	O
to	O
make	O
its	O
own	O
interpretation	O
,	O
"	O
and	O
added	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
highly	O
unlikely	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
president	O
as	O
a	O
guide	O
for	O
cross-strait	O
policy	O
.	O


Ting	B-PERSON
Shou	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chung	I-PERSON
,	O
deputy	O
executive	O
director	O
of	O
the	O
KMT	B-ORG
policy	O
committee	O
,	O
said	O
this	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
consensus	O
was	O
simply	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
going	O
round	O
and	O
round	O
on	O
the	O
spot	O
,	O
and	O
would	O
do	O
nothing	O
to	O
solve	O
the	O
core	O
problem	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
November	B-DATE
28	I-DATE
press	O
release	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Mainland	I-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
MAC	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
body	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
cross-strait	O
affairs	O
,	O
diplomatically	O
stated	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
observe	O
and	O
implement	O
the	O
suggestions	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Advisory	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
if	O
and	O
when	O
they	O
become	O
official	O
government	O
policy	O
.	O


Speaking	O
on	O
the	O
topic	O
of	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
direct	O
links	O
,	O
MAC	B-ORG
chairwoman	O
Tsai	B-PERSON
Ing	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
wen	I-PERSON
said	O
that	O
these	O
will	O
be	O
phased	O
in	O
according	O
to	O
conditions	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
phase	O
being	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
direct	O
business	O
links	O
as	O
necessitated	O
by	O
the	O
admission	O
of	O
both	O
sides	O
to	O
the	O
WTO	B-ORG
.	O


And	O
according	O
to	O
economics	O
minister	O
Lin	B-PERSON
Hsin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
yi	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
government	O
recognizes	O
that	O
the	O
"	O
go	O
slow	O
"	O
policy	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
relaxed	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
give	O
a	O
more	O
thorough	O
accounting	O
of	O
this	O
before	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Tanshui	B-GPE
:	O
An	O
Inspiration	O
to	O
Poets	O
,	O
Artists	O
,	O
and	O
Romantics	O


-LRB-	O
Lin	B-PERSON
I	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hsien	I-PERSON
/	O
photos	O
by	O
Diago	B-PERSON
Chiu	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Phil	B-PERSON
Newell	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


In	O
paintings	O
,	O
a	O
white	O
cloud	O
layer	O
swirls	O
over	O
Mt.	B-LOC
Kuanyin	I-LOC
;	O


waves	O
on	O
the	O
river	O
drift	O
like	O
a	O
breeze	O
;	O


a	O
red	O
sun	O
dances	O
on	O
golden	O
water	O
;	O


a	O
yellow	O
moon	O
sings	O
from	O
a	O
deep	O
purple	O
sky	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O


The	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
of	O
illustrations	O
is	O
a	O
place	O
of	O
unblemished	O
beauty	O
,	O
a	O
myth	O
that	O
remains	O
unshakeable	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
300	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
plus	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
since	O
its	O
founding	O
,	O
this	O
port	O
town	O
-	O
formerly	O
called	O
Huwei	B-GPE
,	O
now	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
Township	I-GPE
-	O
has	O
seen	O
days	O
of	O
prosperity	O
and	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
through	O
a	O
baptism	O
of	O
fire	O
.	O


What	O
makes	O
it	O
special	O
among	O
the	O
309	B-CARDINAL
urban	O
and	O
rural	O
townships	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
?	O


How	O
do	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
live	O
today	B-DATE
?	O


How	O
do	O
they	O
recall	O
the	O
past	O
?	O


And	O
how	O
do	O
they	O
see	O
the	O
future	O
?	O


"	O
You	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
how	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
has	O
changed	O
?	O


I	O
would	O
say	O
that	O
the	O
biggest	O
change	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
old	O
streets	O
are	O
gone	O
.	O
"	O


So	O
declares	O
Tu	B-PERSON
Hsiu	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
yuan	I-PERSON
,	O
proprietor	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Hui	I-ORG
Yuan	I-ORG
Pharmacy	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
also	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Huwei	I-ORG
Cultural	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Historical	I-ORG
Workshop	I-ORG
.	O


His	O
pharmacy	O
is	O
located	O
on	O
what	O
is	O
now	O
called	O
Chungcheng	B-LOC
Road	I-LOC
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
oldest	O
streets	O
,	O
which	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
natives	O
still	O
call	O
Huwei	B-LOC
Street	I-LOC
.	O


Tu	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
has	O
lived	O
his	O
whole	O
life	O
in	O
the	O
old	O
neighborhood	O
,	O
has	O
watched	O
from	O
his	O
doorstep	O
as	O
old	O
shops	O
have	O
refurbished	O
themselves	O
in	O
modern	O
style	O
,	O
and	O
modern	O
shops	O
have	O
adopted	O
the	O
look	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
.	O


For	O
the	O
convenience	O
of	O
cars	O
,	O
the	O
streets	O
have	O
been	O
widened	O
repeatedly	O
.	O


In	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
last	O
train	O
on	O
the	O
old	O
Tanshui	B-FAC
Line	I-FAC
of	O
the	O
railroad	O
chugged	O
into	O
history	O
,	O
taking	O
that	O
old	O
slower	O
pace	O
of	O
life	O
with	O
it	O
.	O


In	O
1997	B-DATE
the	B-FAC
Tanshui	I-FAC
Line	I-FAC
of	O
the	O
mass	O
rapid	O
transit	O
system	O
opened	O
,	O
bringing	O
floods	O
of	O
visitors	O
to	O
the	O
town	O
.	O


Yet	O
,	O
while	O
these	O
tourists	O
bring	O
a	O
human	O
touch	O
to	O
the	O
streets	O
on	O
weekends	O
and	O
holidays	O
,	O
on	O
ordinary	O
weekdays	O
the	O
silence	O
is	O
accompanied	O
only	O
by	O
leftover	O
garbage	O
,	O
empty	O
shops	O
,	O
and	O
those	O
Huwei	B-GPE
people	O
who	O
refuse	O
to	O
leave	O
their	O
old	O
homes	O
.	O


The	O
golden	O
age	O
of	O
Huwei	B-GPE


There	O
are	O
different	O
explanations	O
as	O
to	O
the	O
origins	O
of	O
the	O
word	O
Huwei	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
original	O
name	O
for	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
.	O


Some	O
say	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
transliteration	O
of	O
the	O
place	O
name	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
indigenous	O
people	O
.	O


But	O
others	O
say	O
it	O
comes	O
from	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
gone	O
fishing	O
practice	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
shi	O
hu	O
-LRB-	O
"	O
stone	O
pool	O
"	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


Early	O
fishermen	O
used	O
stones	O
to	O
carve	O
a	O
long	O
,	O
narrow	O
catchment	O
-LRB-	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
"	O
pool	O
"	O
-RRB-	O
in	O
the	O
sand	O
,	O
waiting	O
for	O
the	O
tide	O
to	O
carry	O
in	O
fish	O
which	O
they	O
could	O
then	O
easily	O
scoop	O
up	O
.	O


Since	O
the	O
place	O
now	O
known	O
as	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
was	O
at	O
the	O
tail	O
end	O
-LRB-	O
wei	O
-RRB-	O
of	O
this	O
stone	O
pool	O
,	O
it	O
came	O
to	O
be	O
called	O
Huwei	B-GPE
.	O


Tanshui	B-GPE
occupied	O
an	O
important	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
transport	O
network	O
connecting	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
to	O
Southeast	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
.	O


Even	O
before	O
the	O
arrival	O
of	O
Westerners	B-NORP
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
Han	B-NORP
Chinese	I-NORP
often	O
crossed	O
over	O
from	O
China	B-GPE
to	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
is	O
relatively	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
mainland	O
.	O


Here	O
they	O
engaged	O
in	O
barter	O
trade	O
with	O
the	O
Pingpu	B-NORP
-LRB-	O
meaning	O
"	O
plains	O
"	O
-RRB-	O
aborigines	O
,	O
with	O
deer	O
skins	O
and	O
sulphur	O
being	O
the	O
most	O
coveted	O
products	O
.	O


As	O
Western	B-NORP
powers	O
turned	O
their	O
eyes	O
to	O
Asia	B-LOC
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
became	O
strategically	O
important	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
17th	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
,	O
first	O
the	O
Spanish	B-NORP
,	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
Dutch	B-NORP
,	O
built	O
forts	O
here	O
as	O
symbols	O
of	O
their	O
claims	O
to	O
territorial	O
control	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
mid-17th	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
,	O
China	B-GPE
took	O
control	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
closed	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
to	O
international	O
trade	O
.	O


Later	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
Sino	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
French	I-NORP
war	O
of	O
1884	B-DATE
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
was	O
again	O
opened	O
up	O
to	O
Western	B-NORP
access	O
.	O


During	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
's	O
golden	O
age	O
,	O
large	O
and	O
small	O
boats	O
were	O
constantly	O
coming	O
and	O
going	O
in	O
the	O
harbor	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
unusual	O
to	O
see	O
enormous	O
steamships	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
latter	I-DATE
part	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
Qing	I-DATE
dynasty	I-DATE
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
was	O
the	O
largest	O
port	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
"	O
customs	O
headquarters	O
,	O
"	O
also	O
charged	O
with	O
overseeing	O
port	O
activities	O
at	O
Keelung	B-GPE
,	O
Tainan	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Kaohsiung	B-GPE
.	O


However	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
occupation	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
silting	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
invested	O
a	O
huge	O
effort	O
in	O
developing	O
the	O
port	O
at	O
Keelung	B-GPE
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
faded	O
in	O
importance	O
,	O
never	O
again	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
its	O
glory	O
days	O
.	O


Tanshui	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
place	O
of	O
many	O
historic	O
sites	O
,	O
a	O
place	O
that	O
invites	O
reflection	O
on	O
things	O
past	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
"	O
foreign	O
district	O
,	O
"	O
a	O
missionary	O
named	O
George	B-PERSON
Mackay	I-PERSON
established	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
hospital	O
for	O
Western	B-NORP
medicine	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
;	O
it	O
was	O
here	O
that	O
in	O
1878	B-DATE
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
case	O
of	O
paragonimiasis	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
.	O


The	O
old	O
church	O
next	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
is	O
a	O
mecca	O
for	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
painters	O
.	O


The	O
schools	O
,	O
homes	O
,	O
and	O
consulates	O
in	O
the	O
foreign	O
district	O
-	O
some	O
long	O
gone	O
,	O
some	O
still	O
standing	O
-	O
testify	O
to	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
place	O
of	O
intensive	O
interaction	O
between	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
Western	B-NORP
cultures	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
go	O
up	O
Sanmin	B-LOC
Street	I-LOC
,	O
you	O
will	O
discover	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
an	O
old	O
and	O
disused	O
water	O
pipe	O
.	O


This	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
relic	O
left	O
behind	O
by	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
Japanese	B-NORP
infrastructure	O
projects	O
,	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
tap	O
water	O
station	O
.	O


Or	O
you	O
could	O
walk	O
instead	O
next	O
to	O
the	B-FAC
MRT	I-FAC
station	I-FAC
and	O
see	O
another	O
first	B-ORDINAL
for	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
:	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
seaplane	O
landing	O
area	O
,	O
also	O
built	O
in	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
occupation	O
era	O
.	O


Or	O
you	O
could	O
visit	O
the	O
venerable	O
Tamkang	B-ORG
Secondary	I-ORG
School	I-ORG
.	O


As	O
you	O
watch	O
the	O
children	O
laughing	O
and	O
arguing	O
and	O
playing	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
think	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
time	O
when	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
government	O
did	O
not	O
allow	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
and	O
Japanese	B-NORP
to	O
attend	O
school	O
together	O
.	O


Under	O
those	O
circumstances	O
,	O
Tamkang	B-ORG
Middle	I-ORG
School	I-ORG
became	O
a	O
cradle	O
for	O
the	O
training	O
of	O
Taiwanese	B-NORP
elites	O
.	O


Gradually	O
you	O
will	O
discover	O
that	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
bookish	O
place	O
.	O


This	O
little	O
town	O
has	O
everything	O
from	O
nursery	O
schools	O
to	O
graduate	O
schools	O
.	O


During	O
the	O
reign	O
of	O
the	O
Guangxu	B-GPE
emperor	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
Qing	I-DATE
dynasty	I-DATE
-LRB-	O
which	O
began	O
in	O
1875	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
,	O
and	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
occupation	O
in	O
1895	B-DATE
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
produced	O
two	B-CARDINAL
successful	O
candidates	O
in	O
the	O
highest	O
level	O
military	O
exam	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
in	O
the	O
highest	O
level	O
civil	O
exam	O
,	O
and	O
countless	O
successes	O
in	O
lower	O
-	O
level	O
imperial	O
exams	O
.	O


Even	O
in	O
modern	O
times	O
,	O
the	O
town	O
has	O
not	O
passed	O
up	O
chances	O
to	O
embrace	O
knowledge	O
:	O
When	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
founding	O
Tam	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
kang	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
in	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
was	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
abandoned	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
land	O
and	O
money	O
,	O
local	O
residents	O
offered	O
cheap	O
land	O
,	O
donated	O
money	O
,	O
and	O
lobbied	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
university	O
could	O
set	O
its	O
roots	O
in	O
town	O
.	O


These	O
historic	O
sites	O
are	O
near	O
the	O
river	O
,	O
but	O
do	O
n't	O
spend	O
all	O
your	O
time	O
there	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
forget	O
the	B-LOC
Tatun	I-LOC
Mountains	I-LOC
,	O
which	O
shelter	O
the	O
town	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
old	O
days	O
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
folk	O
who	O
cultivated	O
farms	O
on	O
the	O
slopes	O
had	O
to	O
walk	O
for	O
an	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
to	O
get	O
to	O
their	O
crops	O
.	O


These	O
days	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
a	O
local	O
mini-bus	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
mountains	O
you	O
will	O
see	O
the	O
occasional	O
terraced	O
field	O
grown	O
over	O
with	O
weeds	O
.	O


This	O
land	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
gone	O
from	O
grass	O
to	O
grain	O
and	O
back	O
to	O
grass	O
again	O
,	O
is	O
where	O
many	O
an	O
old	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
native	O
played	O
when	O
they	O
were	O
children	O
.	O


The	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
mystique	O


The	O
mountains	O
are	O
also	O
filled	O
with	O
old	O
stories	O
.	O


The	O
often	O
-	O
renovated	O
Hsing	B-PERSON
Chung	I-PERSON
Tang	I-PERSON
shop	O
is	O
more	B-DATE
than	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
old	O
.	O


Owner	O
Li	B-PERSON
Yung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
kun	I-PERSON
is	O
a	O
descendant	O
of	O
the	O
eminent	O
Li	B-PERSON
family	O
of	O
Tanshui	B-PERSON
,	O
which	O
produced	O
three	B-CARDINAL
juren	O
-LRB-	O
a	O
successful	O
candidate	O
in	O
provincial	O
-	O
level	O
exams	O
,	O
held	O
every	O
three	B-CARDINAL
years	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


The	O
house	O
testifies	O
to	O
this	O
past	O
:	O
It	O
has	O
a	O
swallow	O
-	O
tailed	O
roof	O
and	O
a	O
flagpole	O
,	O
features	O
that	O
only	O
the	O
home	O
of	O
a	O
juren	O
was	O
entitled	O
to	O
have	O
.	O


Li	B-PERSON
Mingbin	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
whose	O
name	O
by	O
birth	O
is	O
Li	B-PERSON
Minghui	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O
,	O
a	O
scholar	O
from	O
Beijing	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
currently	O
working	O
at	O
Chinese	B-ORG
Culture	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
on	O
an	O
exchange	O
program	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
descendant	O
of	O
the	O
juren	O
Li	B-PERSON
Yingzhen	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
was	O
wounded	O
resisting	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
occupation	O
and	O
fled	O
to	O
the	O
mainland	O
,	O
where	O
he	O
settled	O
down	O
.	O


Like	O
his	O
elders	O
,	O
Li	B-PERSON
Mingbin	I-PERSON
bridges	O
the	O
gap	O
across	O
the	B-LOC
Taiwan	I-LOC
Strait	I-LOC
,	O
as	O
he	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
conversing	O
fluently	O
in	O
either	O
Beijing	B-GPE
dialect	O
or	O
the	O
southern	O
Fujian	B-GPE
dialect	O
used	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
stories	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
old	O
to	O
be	O
interesting	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
's	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
residents	O
are	O
living	O
their	O
own	O
stories	O
.	O


The	O
crotchety	O
but	O
modest	O
guy	O
who	O
delivers	O
the	O
newspapers	O
,	O
the	O
seafood	O
restaurant	O
owner	O
who	O
has	O
made	O
his	O
fortune	O
from	O
scratch	O
,	O
the	O
old	O
man	O
at	O
the	O
roadside	O
food	O
stall	O
,	O
the	O
hostess	O
in	O
the	O
tea	O
house	O
greeting	O
and	O
sending	O
off	O
guests	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O


Some	O
are	O
active	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
morning	O
,	O
some	O
late	O
at	O
night	O
.	O


Though	O
the	O
founders	O
of	O
many	O
of	O
these	O
shops	O
have	O
passed	O
away	O
,	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
generation	O
has	O
taken	O
the	O
baton	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
old	O
bamboo	O
tea	O
shop	O
,	O
the	O
now	O
elderly	O
hostess	O
still	O
plays	O
her	O
role	O
amidst	O
the	O
ambience	O
of	O
wine	O
and	O
tea	O
,	O
offering	O
a	O
feminine	O
presence	O
to	O
help	O
put	O
at	O
ease	O
her	O
customers	O
who	O
come	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
little	O
relaxation	O
,	O
evoking	O
the	O
bewitching	O
atmosphere	O
of	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
at	O
night	O
.	O


Businessmen	O
from	O
outside	O
,	O
smelling	O
profits	O
,	O
have	O
set	O
up	O
gaudy	O
storefronts	O
and	O
neon	O
signs	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
trade	O
on	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
's	O
mystique	O
to	O
sell	O
coffee	O
,	O
seafood	O
,	O
antiques	O
,	O
and	O
snack	O
foods	O
.	O


Students	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
enough	O
money	O
to	O
keep	O
several	O
streets	O
of	O
shops	O
going	O
,	O
carelessly	O
wheel	O
their	O
motorcycles	O
through	O
the	O
narrow	O
streets	O
,	O
their	O
minds	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
thinking	O
of	O
youthful	O
fun	O
or	O
romance	O
.	O


Happy	O
couples	O
and	O
jilted	O
lovers	O
line	O
the	O
river	O
,	O
displaying	O
their	O
joy	O
or	O
sadness	O
in	O
their	O
postures	O
:	O
two	B-CARDINAL
people	O
's	O
shadows	O
are	O
melted	O
together	O
by	O
the	O
darkened	O
river	O
behind	O
,	O
while	O
others	O
stand	O
alone	O
on	O
the	O
riverbank	O
like	O
statues	O
.	O


The	O
weeping	O
river	O


Have	O
you	O
heard	O
of	O
the	O
weeping	O
junks	O
?	O


During	O
the	B-EVENT
Sino	I-EVENT
-	I-EVENT
French	I-EVENT
war	I-EVENT
,	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
governor	O
Liu	B-PERSON
Mingchuan	I-PERSON
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
obstruct	O
a	O
French	B-NORP
landing	O
,	O
scuttled	O
several	O
of	O
these	O
boats	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
said	O
that	O
,	O
late	O
at	O
night	O
,	O
the	O
sunken	O
junks	O
make	O
moaning	O
sounds	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
river	O
itself	O
that	O
is	O
moaning	O
.	O


In	O
1998	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
government	O
produced	O
a	O
plan	O
for	O
a	O
riverside	O
expressway	O
to	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
road	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
expected	O
to	O
have	O
three	B-CARDINAL
levels	O
,	O
would	O
have	O
cut	O
through	O
rare	O
mangroves	O
and	O
created	O
a	O
barrier	O
between	O
the	O
river	O
and	O
the	O
town	O
of	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
the	O
plan	O
had	O
been	O
implemented	O
,	O
people	O
who	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
and	O
gaze	O
out	O
over	O
the	O
river	O
would	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
find	O
some	O
very	O
high	O
vantage	O
point	O
in	O
town	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
!	O


Fortunately	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
efforts	O
by	O
cultural	O
and	O
environmental	O
activists	O
from	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
plan	O
was	O
first	B-ORDINAL
postponed	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
was	O
ultimately	O
killed	O
after	O
an	O
environmental	O
impact	O
assessment	O
released	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
refused	O
to	O
approve	O
the	O
scheme	O
.	O


But	O
a	O
question	O
remains	O
:	O
Is	O
something	O
like	O
this	O
bound	O
to	O
come	O
sooner	O
or	O
later	O
?	O


"	O
For	O
the	O
purposes	O
of	O
development	O
,	O
the	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
coast	O
has	O
been	O
constantly	O
exploited	O
.	O


But	O
what	O
will	O
be	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
incessant	O
struggle	O
against	O
nature	O
?	O
"	O
says	O
an	O
agitated	O
Tu	B-PERSON
Hsiu	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
yuan	I-PERSON
.	O


And	O
Hsieh	B-PERSON
Teh	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hsi	I-PERSON
of	O
the	B-ORG
Tamsui	I-ORG
Culture	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
adds	O
:	O
"	O
High	O
-	O
rises	O
are	O
going	O
up	O
one	B-CARDINAL
after	O
another	O
in	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
New	I-GPE
Town	I-GPE
[	O
a	O
huge	O
government	O
-	O
planned	O
development	O
]	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
apartments	O
remain	O
empty	O
.	O


Everybody	O
here	O
knows	O
that	O
when	O
the	O
northeast	O
winds	O
blow	O
in	O
during	O
the	O
winter	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
coldest	O
place	O
around	O
.	O


No	O
wonder	O
those	O
apartments	O
are	O
not	O
selling	O
!	O
"	O


Tu	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
with	O
disbelief	O
and	O
exasperation	O
in	O
his	O
voice	O
:	O
"	O
Do	O
you	O
know	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
huge	O
bridge	O
between	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
and	O
Pali	B-GPE
?	O


It	O
's	O
such	O
a	O
beautiful	O
and	O
historic	O
location	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
are	O
just	O
going	O
to	O
stick	O
up	O
a	O
bridge	O
there	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
even	O
talking	O
about	O
having	O
a	O
rotating	O
restaurant	O
on	O
top	O
!	O
"	O


Lovers	O
of	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
,	O
while	O
keeping	O
close	O
watch	O
over	O
her	O
,	O
are	O
fearful	O
that	O
the	O
giant	O
beast	O
of	O
development	O
may	O
eventually	O
come	O
and	O
bulldoze	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
away	O
one	B-CARDINAL
piece	O
of	O
land	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
.	O


They	O
fear	O
that	O
their	O
children	O
,	O
like	O
they	O
themselves	O
,	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
search	O
through	O
photographs	O
and	O
memories	O
to	O
find	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
's	O
traditional	O
simplicity	O
and	O
the	O
joys	O
of	O
being	O
close	O
to	O
nature	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
old	O
buildings	O
are	O
gone	O
,	O
and	O
people	O
lose	O
contact	O
with	O
the	O
great	O
outdoors	O
,	O
will	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
even	O
be	O
worthy	O
of	O
its	O
reputation	O
anymore	O
?	O


Scattered	O
wooden	O
fishing	O
boats	O
bob	O
in	O
the	O
river	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
n't	O
met	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
fishermen	O
who	O
these	O
days	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
catch	O
only	O
small	O
fry	O
.	O


They	O
might	O
relate	O
how	O
in	O
the	O
old	O
days	O
they	O
could	O
just	O
put	O
a	O
hand	O
in	O
the	O
river	O
and	O
come	O
up	O
with	O
a	O
big	O
catch	O
.	O


The	O
lonely	O
fishing	O
boats	O
are	O
waiting	O
for	O
the	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
-	O
Pali	B-GPE
ferry	O
to	O
pass	O
by	O
and	O
say	O
hello	O
.	O


Those	O
lanterns	O
moving	O
through	O
the	O
river	O
are	O
actually	O
the	O
ferry	O
,	O
while	O
those	O
stars	O
flashing	O
in	O
the	O
distance	O
are	O
beams	O
of	O
light	O
that	O
come	O
from	O
the	O
lighthouse	O
every	O
five	B-CARDINAL
seconds	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
only	O
now	O
that	O
I	O
realize	O
that	O
,	O
even	O
in	O
the	O
drabbest	O
weather	O
,	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
is	O
still	O
beautiful	O
.	O


Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
Townships	O


When	O
you	O
look	O
at	O
a	O
map	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
the	O
309	B-CARDINAL
townships	O
of	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
mean	O
to	O
you	O
?	O


Do	O
you	O
draw	O
a	O
complete	O
blank	O
on	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
?	O


Or	O
do	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
names	O
evoke	O
beautiful	O
memories	O
?	O


What	O
do	O
these	O
townships	O
have	O
to	O
offer	O
visitors	O
?	O


What	O
interesting	O
or	O
famous	O
characters	O
have	O
they	O
given	O
birth	O
to	O
?	O


In	O
this	O
age	O
of	O
the	O
global	O
village	O
,	O
how	O
much	O
do	O
you	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
village	O
next	O
door	O
?	O


Sinorama	B-ORG
wants	O
to	O
take	O
you	O
on	O
a	O
journey	O
through	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
309	B-CARDINAL
townships	O
large	O
and	O
small	O
:	O
As	O
they	O
follow	O
their	O
individual	O
rhythms	O
,	O
what	O
is	O
it	O
that	O
enables	O
them	O
to	O
create	O
their	O
own	O
music	O
,	O
and	O
what	O
can	O
we	O
hear	O
in	O
the	O
songs	O
they	O
sing	O
?	O


Tanshui	B-GPE
Facts	O
and	O
Figures	O


Tanshui	B-GPE
Township	I-GPE
-LRB-	O
also	O
spelled	O
Tamsui	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
is	O
part	O
of	O
Taipei	B-GPE
County	I-GPE
.	O


It	O
abuts	O
Sanchih	B-GPE
Rural	I-GPE
Township	I-GPE
to	O
the	O
northeast	O
,	O
the	O
Kuantu	B-LOC
area	O
of	O
Taipei	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
to	O
the	O
southeast	O
,	O
and	O
the	B-LOC
Taiwan	I-LOC
Strait	I-LOC
to	O
the	O
northwest	O
;	O
to	O
the	O
southwest	O
it	O
faces	O
Pali	B-GPE
Rural	I-GPE
Township	I-GPE
over	O
the	B-LOC
Tanshui	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
.	O


It	O
covers	O
an	O
area	O
of	O
just	O
over	B-QUANTITY
70	I-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
,	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
115,000	B-CARDINAL
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
largest	O
paddy	O
-	O
rice	O
producing	O
area	O
in	O
Taipei	B-GPE
County	I-GPE
.	O


In	O
days	O
gone	O
by	O
,	O
because	O
the	O
Kuroshio	B-LOC
current	O
passes	O
close	O
by	O
,	O
the	O
waters	O
offshore	O
were	O
rich	O
fishing	O
grounds	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
pollution	O
from	O
the	B-LOC
Tanshui	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
and	O
exhaustion	O
of	O
fish	O
stocks	O
have	O
caused	O
the	O
catch	O
to	O
dwindle	O
.	O


Among	O
the	O
more	O
famous	O
tourist	O
sites	O
are	O
Fort	B-FAC
San	I-FAC
Domingo	I-FAC
,	O
Yin	B-FAC
Shan	I-FAC
Temple	I-FAC
,	O
the	B-ORG
Lixuetang	I-ORG
school	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
known	O
in	O
English	B-LANGUAGE
as	O
Oxford	B-ORG
College	I-ORG
,	O
founded	O
in	O
1882	B-DATE
to	O
train	O
missionaries	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
Huwei	B-GPE
cannon	O
emplacement	O
,	O
the	O
mangrove	O
conservation	O
area	O
,	O
Shalun	B-LOC
beach	O
recreation	O
area	O
,	O
the	O
historic	O
buildings	O
of	O
the	B-FAC
Mackay	I-FAC
Hospital	I-FAC
and	O
Tamkang	B-FAC
Middle	I-FAC
School	I-FAC
,	O
"	O
Antiques	B-LOC
Street	I-LOC
"	O
-LRB-	O
Chungcheng	B-LOC
Road	I-LOC
-RRB-	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
ferry	O
pier	O
.	O


Public	O
transportation	O
includes	O
inter-city	O
bus	O
service	O
,	O
the	B-FAC
Tanshui	I-FAC
Line	I-FAC
of	O
the	O
Taipei	B-GPE
mass	O
rapid	O
transit	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
local	O
buses	O
.	O


For	O
more	O
detailed	O
information	O
visit	O
http://www.tamsui.gov.tw/	O
.	O


p.	O
094	B-CARDINAL


High	O
-	O
rises	O
are	O
thought	O
by	O
many	O
to	O
represent	O
development	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
they	O
are	O
ruining	O
the	O
skyline	O
and	O
the	O
historic	O
ambience	O
of	O
the	O
town	O
.	O


p.	O
095	B-CARDINAL


An	O
old	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
resident	O
sits	O
with	O
legs	O
crossed	O
reading	O
the	O
paper	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
passage	O
of	O
time	O
,	O
marked	O
on	O
the	O
calendar	O
on	O
the	O
wall	O
,	O
adds	O
a	O
gloss	O
to	O
the	O
antiques	O
.	O


p.	O
096	B-CARDINAL


-LRB-	O
facing	O
page	O
-RRB-	O


These	O
lovers	O
may	O
be	O
gazing	O
at	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
with	O
their	O
eyes	O
,	O
but	O
their	O
hearts	O
have	O
eyes	O
only	O
for	O
one	O
another	O
.	O


Tranquil	O
and	O
romantic	O
Tanshui	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
great	O
place	O
for	O
wedding	O
photos	O
.	O


p.	O
097	B-CARDINAL


As	O
the	O
lazy	O
sun	O
displays	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
beauty	O
,	O
a	O
fishing	O
boat	O
drifts	O
toward	O
shore	O
over	O
the	O
golden	O
water	O
.	O


The	O
Remaking	O
of	O
Linpien	B-GPE


Home	O
of	O
the	O
Black	O
Pearl	O
Wax	O
Apple	O


-LRB-	O
Teng	B-PERSON
Sue	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
feng	I-PERSON
/	O
photos	O
by	O
Jimmy	B-PERSON
Lin	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
MacDonald	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Even	O
if	O
the	O
township	O
of	O
Linpien	B-GPE
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
monopoly	O
on	O
the	O
cultivation	O
of	O
"	O
black	O
pearl	O
"	O
wax	O
apples	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
orchards	O
in	O
the	O
Linpien	B-GPE
locality	O
that	O
earned	O
black	O
pearls	O
their	O
national	O
renown	O
.	O


A	O
little	O
town	O
formerly	O
notorious	O
for	O
its	O
ground	O
subsidence	O
problem	O
,	O
Linpien	B-GPE
is	O
now	O
turning	O
itself	O
into	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Southern	B-LOC
Taiwan	I-LOC
's	I-LOC
premier	O
tourist	O
attractions	O
.	O


The	O
impetus	O
for	O
this	O
change	O
has	O
come	O
chiefly	O
from	O
local	O
historians	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
various	O
voluntary	O
groups	O
.	O


Just	O
before	O
Christmas	B-EVENT
break	O
,	O
the	O
rural	O
township	O
of	O
Linpien	B-GPE
,	O
on	O
the	B-LOC
Pingtung	I-LOC
Plain	I-LOC
at	O
the	O
mouth	O
of	O
the	O
Linpien	B-GPE
river	O
,	O
held	O
its	O
first	B-ORDINAL
ever	O
Wax	B-EVENT
Apple	I-EVENT
Festival	I-EVENT
.	O


The	O
festival	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
riverside	O
park	O
,	O
was	O
held	O
to	O
promote	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
and	O
celebrate	O
the	O
local	O
volunteer	O
spirit	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
a	O
scorching	O
hot	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
heavily	O
perspiring	O
visitors	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
seen	O
wandering	O
among	O
the	O
stalls	O
,	O
lugging	O
bags	O
of	O
wax	O
apples	O
and	O
commenting	O
on	O
their	O
remarkable	O
sweetness	O
.	O


"	O
There	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
than	O
you	O
'd	O
think	O
to	O
growing	O
wax	O
apples	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
local	O
farmer	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Sheng	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
tzung	I-PERSON
.	O


"	O
How	O
you	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
the	O
orchards	O
,	O
which	O
equipment	O
you	O
use	O
-	O
it	O
all	O
has	O
an	O
affect	O
on	O
the	O
shape	O
and	O
texture	O
of	O
the	O
fruit	O
.	O
"	O


Prices	O
for	O
wax	O
apples	O
range	O
widely	O
,	O
from	O
around	O
3	B-QUANTITY
pounds	I-QUANTITY
for	O
NT$	B-MONEY
100	I-MONEY
to	O
NT$	B-MONEY
150	I-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
.	O


Fruit	O
that	O
shows	O
a	O
hint	O
of	O
black	O
through	O
the	O
red	O
color	O
of	O
the	O
skin	O
fetches	O
the	O
best	O
price	O
.	O


Huang	B-PERSON
Wan	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
fu	I-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
family	O
farms	O
two	B-QUANTITY
hectares	I-QUANTITY
of	O
orchard	O
with	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
700	I-CARDINAL
wax	O
apple	O
trees	O
,	O
and	O
who	O
has	O
over	O
30	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
'	O
experience	O
as	O
a	O
fruit	O
grower	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
while	O
other	O
parts	O
of	O
Pingtung	B-GPE
County	I-GPE
also	O
grow	O
wax	O
apples	O
,	O
"	O
Linpien	B-GPE
stands	O
out	O
for	O
its	O
growing	O
techniques	O
,	O
developed	O
through	O
trial	O
and	O
error	O
by	O
the	O
growers	O
themselves	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
vernalization	O
rates	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
90	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O
"	O


Ugly	O
duckling	O
no	O
more	O


The	O
wax	O
apple	O
is	O
a	O
tropical	O
fruit	O
originating	O
from	O
the	O
Malay	B-NORP
peninsula	O
.	O


The	O
Dutch	B-NORP
brought	O
it	O
to	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
from	O
Java	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
17th	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
it	O
became	O
commonly	O
grown	O
as	O
a	O
shade	O
-	O
giving	O
tree	O
.	O


Old	O
folk	O
in	O
the	O
South	B-LOC
remember	O
when	O
wax	O
apples	O
were	O
"	O
just	O
something	O
to	O
munch	O
on	O
"	O
-	O
the	O
kind	O
of	O
fruit	O
that	O
grew	O
freely	O
and	O
that	O
you	O
could	O
help	O
yourself	O
to	O
.	O


But	O
wax	O
apples	O
have	O
increased	O
in	O
value	O
during	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
advances	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
grown	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
bag	O
-	O
wrap	O
"	O
method	O
was	O
originally	O
a	O
way	O
of	O
protecting	O
budding	O
fruit	O
from	O
birds	O
,	O
but	O
once	O
it	O
was	O
introduced	O
to	O
Linpien	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
around	O
1994	B-DATE
,	O
farmers	O
found	O
it	O
enabled	O
them	O
to	O
grow	O
more	O
lustrous	O
,	O
shiny	O
-	O
looking	O
wax	O
apples	O
,	O
with	O
less	O
pesticide	O
on	O
the	O
skin	O
.	O


The	O
method	O
soon	O
caught	O
on	O
throughout	O
the	O
district	O
.	O


Another	O
popular	O
technique	O
involves	O
covering	O
the	O
trees	O
with	O
black	O
mosquito	O
nets	O
to	O
improve	O
yields	O
.	O


This	O
reduces	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
sunlight	O
reaching	O
the	O
trees	O
,	O
causing	O
nutrients	O
from	O
the	O
leaves	O
and	O
branches	O
to	O
be	O
diverted	O
into	O
producing	O
fruit	O
.	O


The	O
net	O
-	O
covered	O
trees	O
blossom	O
earlier	O
and	O
produce	O
more	O
fruit	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
technique	O
,	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
are	O
now	O
available	O
throughout	O
most	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
"	O
black	O
pearl	O
"	O
tag	O
did	O
n't	O
originate	O
in	O
Linpien	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
Linpien	B-GPE
wax	O
apples	O
that	O
made	O
the	O
variety	O
famous	O
and	O
prompted	O
the	O
dramatic	O
growth	O
of	O
its	O
market	O
.	O


In	O
1983	B-DATE
the	O
then	O
-	O
provincial	O
governor	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Teng	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hui	I-PERSON
visited	O
the	O
town	O
and	O
praised	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
its	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
,	O
so	O
assuring	O
the	O
renown	O
of	O
the	O
fruit	O
.	O


Subsequently	O
,	O
as	O
president	O
,	O
Lee	B-PERSON
Teng	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hui	I-PERSON
often	O
gave	O
gifts	O
of	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
to	O
foreign	O
dignitaries	O
.	O


Green	O
hills	O


The	O
success	O
of	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
gave	O
Linpien	B-GPE
a	O
much	O
-	O
needed	O
boost	O
,	O
bringing	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
younger	O
generation	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
area	O
to	O
grow	O
the	O
fruit	O
.	O


The	O
credit	O
for	O
putting	O
wax	O
apples	O
at	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
revival	O
and	O
for	O
mounting	O
the	B-EVENT
Wax	I-EVENT
Apple	I-EVENT
Festival	I-EVENT
belongs	O
with	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
volunteer	O
workers	O
-	O
local	O
people	O
committed	O
to	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
regeneration	O
.	O


How	O
does	O
a	O
small	O
town	O
like	O
Linpien	B-GPE
come	O
to	O
be	O
home	O
to	O
such	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
organized	O
volunteer	O
effort	O
,	O
and	O
just	O
how	O
did	O
the	O
volunteers	O
set	O
about	O
giving	O
their	O
town	O
a	O
make	O
-	O
over	O
?	O


The	O
story	O
begins	O
with	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
riverside	O
park	O
.	O


The	O
road	O
linking	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
main	O
street	O
with	O
the	O
riverside	O
park	O
,	O
where	O
locals	O
like	O
to	O
stroll	O
and	O
chat	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
and	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
day	O
,	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
overgrown	O
and	O
lined	O
with	O
trash	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
coordinated	O
effort	O
involving	O
volunteers	O
,	O
residents	O
and	O
landlords	O
,	O
the	O
verges	O
are	O
planted	O
with	O
sunflowers	O
and	O
lantana	O
,	O
while	O
a	O
former	O
mud	O
patch	O
,	O
donated	O
rent	O
-	O
free	O
by	O
its	O
owner	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
converted	O
into	O
a	O
carp	O
-	O
filled	O
lotus	O
pool	O
.	O


The	O
revamping	O
of	O
Linpien	B-GPE
started	O
eight	B-DATE
or	I-DATE
nine	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
schoolteacher	O
Tsao	B-PERSON
Chi	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hung	I-PERSON
-	O
now	O
a	O
DPP	B-ORG
deputy	O
in	O
the	O
national	O
legislature	O
-	O
along	O
with	O
fellow	O
members	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Linpien	I-ORG
Residents	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Democracy	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
launched	O
a	O
program	O
to	O
sweep	O
the	O
streets	O
and	O
keep	O
the	O
riverbank	O
clean	O
.	O


Wu	B-PERSON
Wu	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
ta	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
plumber	O
who	O
runs	O
the	B-ORG
Democracy	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
says	O
:	O
"	O
People	O
were	O
already	O
doing	O
their	O
bit	O
for	O
the	O
community	O
over	O
ten	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
not	O
openly	O
.	O


They	O
swept	O
the	O
streets	O
before	O
dawn	O
because	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
people	O
to	O
see	O
them	O
and	O
call	O
them	O
crazy	O
.	O
"	O


It	O
was	O
only	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
with	O
the	O
founding	O
of	O
the	O
non-political	O
Linpien	B-ORG
Natural	I-ORG
History	I-ORG
Conservation	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
that	O
residents	O
began	O
to	O
publicly	O
support	O
the	O
project	O
.	O


The	O
flood	O
-	O
prone	O
Linpien	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
has	O
been	O
dyked	O
and	O
dredged	O
since	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
colonial	O
era	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
bare	O
concrete	O
embankments	O
never	O
did	O
much	O
for	O
the	O
scenery	O
.	O


In	O
1999	B-DATE
Tsao	B-PERSON
Chi	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hung	I-PERSON
learned	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
Water	I-ORG
Conservancy	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
was	O
planning	O
to	O
renovate	O
the	O
flood	O
defenses	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
proposed	O
a	O
scheme	O
for	O
"	O
greenification	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
riverside	O
area	O
.	O


Objections	O
were	O
raised	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
with	O
some	O
pointing	O
out	O
that	O
the	O
site	O
,	O
if	O
left	O
untended	O
,	O
could	O
easily	O
get	O
overgrown	O
and	O
become	O
a	O
breeding	O
ground	O
for	O
snakes	O
and	O
vermin	O
.	O


The	O
issue	O
was	O
discussed	O
and	O
finally	O
the	O
Bureau	B-ORG
agreed	O
to	O
let	O
volunteers	O
maintain	O
the	O
riverside	O
area	O
for	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


If	O
the	O
scheme	O
did	O
n't	O
work	O
out	O
then	O
the	O
Bureau	B-ORG
would	O
concrete	O
over	O
the	O
site	O
as	O
originally	O
planned	O
.	O


Following	O
the	O
lead	O
of	O
the	O
conservation	O
association	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
Democracy	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
various	O
volunteer	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
district	O
-	O
including	O
the	O
senior	O
citizens	O
'	O
club	O
,	O
members	O
of	O
Tzu	B-ORG
Chi	I-ORG
Buddhist	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
Presbyterian	I-ORG
Church	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
followers	O
of	O
the	O
I	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Kuan	I-ORG
Tao	I-ORG
sect	O
-	O
signed	O
up	O
to	O
share	O
responsibility	O
for	O
the	O
riverside	O
park	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
divided	O
into	O
90	B-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
meter	I-QUANTITY
-	O
long	O
plots	O
for	O
the	O
purpose	O
.	O


Turf	O
was	O
laid	O
,	O
flower	O
beds	O
appeared	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
embankment	O
soon	O
became	O
a	O
1.2	B-QUANTITY
km	I-QUANTITY
-	O
long	O
"	O
green	O
Great	B-FAC
Wall	I-FAC
.	O
"	O


Dreaming	O
by	O
the	O
river	O


"	O
You	O
ca	O
n't	O
go	O
about	O
community	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
standoffish	O
way	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
certainly	O
ca	O
n't	O
operate	O
effectively	O
from	O
behind	O
the	O
scenes	O
-	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
out	O
there	O
at	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
things	O
.	O


When	O
local	O
people	O
see	O
teachers	O
and	O
doctors	O
coming	O
out	O
to	O
collect	O
trash	O
,	O
they	O
feel	O
encouraged	O
to	O
join	O
in	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Chin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chao	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
dentist	O
who	O
chairs	O
the	B-ORG
Linpien	I-ORG
Natural	I-ORG
History	I-ORG
Conservation	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
.	O


Chen	B-PERSON
frets	O
about	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
media	O
has	O
focused	O
the	O
spotlight	O
on	O
him	O
alone	O
,	O
when	O
numerous	O
other	O
individuals	O
are	O
also	O
involved	O
,	O
all	O
chipping	O
in	O
what	O
they	O
can	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
biggest	O
achievement	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
flowers	O
have	O
n't	O
been	O
stolen	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Tsao	B-PERSON
Chi	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
hung	I-PERSON
.	O


"	O
As	O
more	O
people	O
volunteer	O
to	O
help	O
,	O
disruptive	O
behavior	O
becomes	O
less	O
and	O
less	O
likely	O
.	O
"	O


The	O
riverside	O
area	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
teenage	O
hangout	O
,	O
known	O
for	O
its	O
drinking	O
and	O
fighting	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
greenification	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
residents	O
have	O
been	O
coming	O
here	O
to	O
stroll	O
and	O
enjoy	O
the	O
scenery	O
:	O
green	O
hills	O
to	O
the	O
East	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
sunset	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
the	O
dreamy	O
river	O
alongside	O
the	O
park	O
.	O


"	O
The	O
more	O
that	O
people	O
get	O
involved	O
the	O
greater	O
their	O
sense	O
of	O
accomplishment	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Tsao	B-PERSON
.	O


"	O
It	O
's	O
not	O
just	O
about	O
tidying	O
up	O
the	O
environment	O
.	O


We	O
also	O
hope	O
to	O
foster	O
the	O
commercial	O
interests	O
of	O
the	O
community	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
bring	O
practical	O
benefits	O
for	O
people	O
's	O
lives	O
.	O
"	O


This	O
was	O
the	O
thinking	O
behind	O
Tsao	B-PERSON
's	O
gathering	O
together	O
of	O
various	O
groups	O
for	O
the	B-EVENT
Wax	I-EVENT
Apple	I-EVENT
Festival	I-EVENT
.	O


According	O
to	O
the	O
archives	O
,	O
400	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
Linpien	B-GPE
was	O
a	O
plains	O
-	O
aborigine	O
settlement	O
called	O
"	O
Fang	B-GPE
-	I-GPE
suo	I-GPE
-	I-GPE
she	I-GPE
.	O
"	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
middle	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
17th	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
the	O
Ming	B-DATE
dynasty	I-DATE
loyalist	O
Zheng	B-PERSON
Chenggong	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
Koxinga	B-PERSON
-RRB-	O
brought	O
an	O
influx	O
of	O
settlers	O
to	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
from	O
the	O
Fujian	B-GPE
and	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
regions	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
Fang	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
suo	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
she	I-PERSON
aborigines	O
stayed	O
and	O
intermarried	O
with	O
Chinese	B-NORP
,	O
while	O
others	O
moved	O
away	O
.	O


The	O
oldest	O
recorded	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
name	O
"	O
Linpien	B-GPE
"	O
is	O
on	O
a	O
stele	O
,	O
erected	O
in	O
1762	B-DATE
,	O
next	O
to	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
Sanshan	B-FAC
King	I-FAC
Temple	I-FAC
.	O


The	O
name	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
"	O
beside	O
the	O
forest	O
,	O
"	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
early	O
settlers	O
must	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
tough	O
time	O
clearing	O
land	O
for	O
their	O
crops	O
.	O


Moving	O
to	O
center	O
-	O
stage	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
or	O
more	O
Linpien	B-GPE
has	O
concentrated	O
on	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
different	O
forms	O
of	O
produce	O
,	O
from	O
rice	O
,	O
to	O
bananas	O
,	O
to	O
prawn	O
and	O
eel	O
farming	O
,	O
to	O
wax	O
apples	O
-	O
today	O
's	O
main	O
crop	O
.	O


With	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
's	O
imminent	O
accession	O
to	O
the	O
WTO	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
next	O
big	O
change	O
could	O
be	O
just	O
around	O
the	O
corner	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
will	O
wax	O
apples	O
lose	O
their	O
market	O
to	O
imported	O
fruit	O
?	O


And	O
what	O
does	O
Linpien	B-GPE
have	O
to	O
offer	O
that	O
other	O
districts	O
in	O
the	O
county	O
ca	O
n't	O
easily	O
duplicate	O
?	O


Yang	B-PERSON
Hung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
jen	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
PhD	B-WORK_OF_ART
student	O
at	O
National	B-ORG
Taiwan	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Graduate	B-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Sociology	I-ORG
,	O
came	O
to	O
Linpien	B-GPE
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
to	O
research	O
his	O
thesis	O
on	O
the	O
renewal	O
of	O
the	O
local	O
community	O
.	O


"	O
I	O
had	O
come	O
to	O
what	O
was	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
worst	O
county	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
for	O
factionalism	O
and	O
corruption	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Yang	B-PERSON
,	O
"	O
a	O
place	O
where	O
the	O
ground	O
had	O
sunk	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
three	B-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
due	O
to	O
subsidence	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
contrast	O
between	O
that	O
image	O
and	O
what	O
I	O
actually	O
found	O
here	O
was	O
quite	O
something	O
.	O
"	O


For	O
Yang	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
way	O
that	O
those	O
most	O
active	O
in	O
the	O
renewal	O
effort	O
routinely	O
pass	O
the	O
credit	O
to	O
others	O
is	O
itself	O
impressive	O
.	O


Linpien	B-GPE
rose	O
to	O
prominence	O
on	O
the	O
strength	O
of	O
its	O
celebrated	O
wax	O
apples	O
.	O


But	O
can	O
it	O
now	O
push	O
its	O
way	O
to	O
center	O
-	O
stage	O
as	O
a	O
tourist	O
attraction	O
?	O


Says	O
Chen	B-PERSON
Chin	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chao	I-PERSON
:	O
"	O
We	O
ca	O
n't	O
yet	O
say	O
how	O
things	O
will	O
turn	O
out	O
for	O
Linpien	B-GPE
.	O


But	O
that	O
's	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
pessimistic	O
about	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
prospects	O
;	O
it	O
's	O
simply	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
not	O
building	O
castles	O
in	O
the	O
air	O
.	O
"	O


Development	O
of	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
promised	O
Tapeng	B-LOC
Bay	I-LOC
Scenic	I-LOC
Area	I-LOC
is	O
due	O
to	O
begin	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
2003	B-DATE
the	B-FAC
2nd	I-FAC
Southern	I-FAC
Freeway	I-FAC
will	O
open	O
.	O


Will	O
this	O
bring	O
more	O
prosperity	O
to	O
the	O
area	O
?	O


Construction	O
of	O
a	O
bypass	O
around	O
the	O
town	O
has	O
already	O
boosted	O
property	O
values	O
,	O
but	O
what	O
other	O
benefits	O
may	O
it	O
bring	O
?	O


A	O
golf	O
course	O
is	O
mooted	O
,	O
but	O
will	O
that	O
mean	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
birdwatching	O
zones	O
and	O
the	O
mangrove	O
woods	O
?	O


Can	O
the	O
wax	O
apple	O
orchards	O
be	O
adapted	O
to	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
setting	O
for	O
family	O
outings	O
?	O


And	O
can	O
fish	O
farms	O
in	O
the	O
locality	O
be	O
converted	O
to	O
provide	O
housing	O
and	O
accommodation	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
recreation	O
alternative	O
for	O
visitors	O
?	O


Can	O
this	O
little	O
town	O
make	O
an	O
asset	O
of	O
its	O
scenic	O
location	O
and	O
historical	O
roots	O
to	O
attract	O
more	O
visitors	O
?	O


Linpien	B-GPE
used	O
to	O
be	O
little	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
brief	O
stop	O
for	O
travelers	O
on	O
their	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
seaside	O
resort	O
of	O
Kenting	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
now	O
its	O
residents	O
are	O
wondering	O
if	O
they	O
can	O
turn	O
the	O
town	O
into	O
a	O
destination	O
in	O
its	O
own	O
right	O
.	O


Linpien	B-GPE
Facts	O
and	O
Figures	O


Linpien	B-GPE
Rural	I-GPE
Township	I-GPE
is	O
in	O
Pingtung	B-GPE
County	I-GPE
,	O
located	O
on	O
the	B-LOC
Pingtung	I-LOC
Plain	I-LOC
at	O
the	O
mouth	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Linpien	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
.	O


It	O
is	O
adjacent	O
to	O
the	O
planned	O
Tapeng	B-LOC
Bay	I-LOC
Scenic	I-LOC
Area	I-LOC
,	O
and	O
marks	O
the	O
point	O
where	O
the	B-FAC
2nd	I-FAC
Southern	I-FAC
Freeway	I-FAC
will	O
terminate	O
.	O


At	O
15.6	B-QUANTITY
sq.	I-QUANTITY
km	I-QUANTITY
in	O
area	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
smallest	O
of	O
Pingtung	B-GPE
County	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
33	B-CARDINAL
townships	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
around	O
23,000	B-CARDINAL
.	O


Wax	O
apples	O
and	O
aquaculture	O
products	O
are	O
the	O
main	O
commodities	O
,	O
with	O
betel	O
nut	O
and	O
coconut	O
also	O
grown	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
township	O
's	O
land	O
is	O
below	O
sea	O
level	O
.	O


Visitors	O
are	O
recommended	O
to	O
try	O
the	O
local	O
seafood	O
and	O
also	O
not	O
to	O
miss	O
the	O
opportunity	O
for	O
bird	O
-	O
watching	O
among	O
the	O
nearby	O
estuaries	O
,	O
wetlands	O
and	O
mangrove	O
woods	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
also	O
cultural	O
relics	O
including	O
traces	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
plains	O
-	O
aborigine	O
inhabitants	O
.	O


Linpien	B-GPE
can	O
be	O
reached	O
along	O
Provincial	B-FAC
Highway	I-FAC
17	I-FAC
.	O


The	O
town	O
has	O
a	O
railway	O
station	O
and	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
accessed	O
by	O
public	O
and	O
private	O
bus	O
services	O
.	O


For	O
more	O
information	O
check	O
out	O
:	O
www.taconet.com.tw/cstudio/	O


p.	O
45	B-CARDINAL


Using	O
special	O
growing	O
techniques	O
,	O
the	O
farmers	O
of	O
Linpien	B-GPE
control	O
the	O
quantity	O
of	O
blossoms	O
on	O
the	O
trees	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
optimize	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
their	O
treasured	O
black	O
pearl	O
wax	O
apples	O
.	O


p.	O
46	B-CARDINAL


Aquaculture	O
provides	O
for	O
full	O
nets	O
and	O
full	O
bellies	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
the	O
culprit	O
behind	O
Linpien	B-GPE
's	O
severe	O
subsidence	O
problem	O
.	O


The	O
acreage	O
of	O
fish	O
farms	O
has	O
halved	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
falling	O
profits	O
and	O
environmental	O
degradation	O
.	O


p.	O
47	B-CARDINAL


Subsidence	O
has	O
been	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
over-extraction	O
of	O
ground	O
-	O
water	O
for	O
aquaculture	O
.	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
houses	O
on	O
the	O
Linpien	B-GPE
-	O
Chiatung	B-GPE
coastal	O
strip	O
have	O
sunk	O
to	O
the	O
degree	O
that	O
their	O
windows	O
are	O
level	O
with	O
the	O
street	O
and	O
their	O
rooves	O
are	O
within	O
easy	O
reach	O
.	O


p.	O
48	B-CARDINAL


The	O
gardens	O
of	O
the	O
riverside	O
park	O
,	O
laid	O
out	O
and	O
maintained	O
by	O
local	O
volunteers	O
,	O
cover	O
land	O
that	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
overgrown	O
and	O
strewn	O
with	O
rubbish	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
of	O
the	O
town	O
now	O
come	O
here	O
to	O
stroll	O
and	O
enjoy	O
their	O
free	O
time	O
.	O


p.	O
48	B-CARDINAL


The	O
river	O
is	O
blessed	O
with	O
fine	O
scenery	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
good	O
for	O
fishing	O
and	O
birdwatching	O
.	O


Linpien	B-GPE
residents	O
see	O
this	O
as	O
an	O
important	O
asset	O
for	O
attracting	O
tourism	O
.	O


Tips	O
for	O
Getting	O
through	O
Middle	O
Age	O


-LRB-	O
Laura	B-PERSON
Li	I-PERSON
/	O
photos	O
by	O
Hsueh	B-PERSON
Chi	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
kuang	I-PERSON
/	O
tr.	O
by	O
Jonathan	B-PERSON
Barnard	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Middle	O
age	O
and	O
the	O
changes	O
it	O
brings	O
are	O
like	O
a	O
revolving	O
door	O
.	O


Many	O
people	O
peacefully	O
go	O
through	O
it	O
,	O
growing	O
wiser	O
and	O
losing	O
their	O
rough	O
edges	O
.	O


A	O
minority	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
whether	O
to	O
advance	O
or	O
retreat	O
and	O
get	O
caught	O
in	O
it	O
like	O
a	O
trap	O
.	O


Middle	O
age	O
is	O
a	O
time	O
where	O
one	O
wears	O
more	O
hats	O
than	O
at	O
any	O
other	O
time	O
in	O
one	O
's	O
life	O
,	O
when	O
one	O
's	O
responsibilities	O
are	O
heaviest	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
crises	O
experienced	O
by	O
a	O
minority	O
of	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
people	O
can	O
involve	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
other	O
people	O
,	O
so	O
their	O
impact	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
overlooked	O
.	O


Middle	O
age	O
,	O
those	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
between	I-DATE
40	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
60	I-DATE
,	O
is	O
both	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
life	O
of	O
greatest	O
glory	O
and	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
life	O
that	O
's	O
easiest	O
to	O
overlook	O
.	O


In	O
comparison	O
to	O
youth	O
or	O
old	O
age	O
,	O
the	O
middle	O
years	O
are	O
often	O
thought	O
of	O
as	O
the	O
time	O
when	O
power	O
,	O
ability	O
,	O
wealth	O
,	O
and	O
physical	O
strength	O
are	O
all	O
at	O
or	O
near	O
their	O
peak	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
one	O
has	O
no	O
excuse	O
for	O
feeling	O
melancholy	O
.	O


Even	O
if	O
there	O
are	O
problems	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
commonly	O
thought	O
that	O
one	O
should	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
resolve	O
them	O
by	O
oneself	O
,	O
notes	O
Chiu	B-PERSON
Chia	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
li	I-PERSON
,	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Hwo	I-ORG
Chyuan	I-ORG
Pastoral	I-ORG
Counseling	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
,	O
who	O
has	O
worked	O
on	O
many	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
cases	O
.	O


Social	O
bias	O
makes	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
aged	O
afraid	O
to	O
discuss	O
their	O
problems	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
particularly	O
the	O
case	O
for	O
men	O
,	O
who	O
generally	O
find	O
it	O
difficult	O
to	O
talk	O
about	O
their	O
feelings	O
.	O


But	O
by	O
keeping	O
everything	O
inside	O
,	O
they	O
may	O
cause	O
irreparable	O
harm	O
to	O
their	O
health	O
.	O


In	O
recent	O
years	O
cancer	O
,	O
sudden	O
death	O
and	O
suicide	O
have	O
become	O
all	O
too	O
common	O
during	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
which	O
shows	O
that	O
the	O
psychological	O
problems	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
should	O
not	O
be	O
overlooked	O
.	O


How	O
do	O
you	O
safely	O
pass	O
through	O
the	O
changes	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
years	O
?	O


Here	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
suggestions	O
:	O


1.	B-CARDINAL
Live	O
well	O
at	O
every	O
stage	O
of	O
life	O


Li	B-PERSON
Liang	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
che	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
professor	O
of	O
psychology	O
at	O
National	B-ORG
Chengchi	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
,	O
looks	O
at	O
the	O
question	O
from	O
the	O
angle	O
of	O
developmental	O
psychology	O
.	O


He	O
points	O
out	O
that	O
the	O
path	O
of	O
life	O
is	O
continuous	O
:	O
everyone	O
moves	O
from	O
infancy	O
and	O
childhood	O
,	O
to	O
youth	O
and	O
middle	O
age	O
.	O


Smoothly	O
passing	O
through	O
any	O
period	O
of	O
life	O
helps	O
make	O
getting	O
through	O
the	O
next	O
period	O
easier	O
.	O


In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
the	O
people	O
most	O
at	O
risk	O
during	O
middle	O
age	O
are	O
those	O
who	O
have	O
had	O
difficulties	O
earlier	O
in	O
life	O
.	O


Foreign	O
research	O
shows	O
that	O
those	O
with	O
high	O
social	O
and	O
economic	O
status	O
and	O
with	O
ample	O
financial	O
resources	O
bear	O
up	O
better	O
during	O
crisis	O
and	O
have	O
more	O
ways	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
trouble	O
.	O


Is	O
it	O
too	O
late	O
to	O
start	O
talking	O
about	O
these	O
problems	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
already	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
?	O


Chang	B-PERSON
Der	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chung	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
associate	O
professor	O
in	O
the	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Living	I-ORG
Science	I-ORG
at	I-ORG
National	I-ORG
Open	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
who	O
worked	O
at	O
a	O
counseling	O
hotline	O
for	O
over	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
,	O
argues	O
that	O
any	O
step	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
direction	O
is	O
worthwhile	O
,	O
no	O
matter	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
.	O


Middle	O
-	O
aged	O
problems	O
are	O
rather	O
predictable	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
hard	O
to	O
avoid	O
.	O


Are	O
you	O
worried	O
that	O
your	O
marriage	O
is	O
growing	O
stale	O
?	O


Then	O
no	O
matter	O
how	O
busy	O
you	O
are	O
,	O
you	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
set	O
aside	O
some	O
time	O
to	O
be	O
with	O
your	O
spouse	O
.	O


Are	O
you	O
worried	O
about	O
losing	O
your	O
job	O
?	O


Then	O
start	O
developing	O
a	O
second	B-ORDINAL
skill	O
and	O
get	O
into	O
the	O
habit	O
of	O
saving	O
and	O
managing	O
your	O
money	O
.	O


Are	O
you	O
worried	O
about	O
how	O
to	O
care	O
for	O
your	O
parents	O
when	O
they	O
get	O
old	O
and	O
sick	O
?	O


Then	O
spend	O
more	O
time	O
with	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
encourage	O
them	O
to	O
get	O
more	O
exercise	O
and	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
themselves	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
so	O
many	O
things	O
to	O
be	O
concerned	O
about	O
during	O
middle	O
age	O
that	O
you	O
had	O
better	O
get	O
an	O
early	O
start	O
.	O


Otherwise	O
,	O
you	O
'll	O
end	O
up	O
being	O
overwhelmed	O
.	O


2.	B-CARDINAL
Start	O
over	O


In	O
China	B-GPE
it	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
said	O
that	O
middle	O
age	O
was	O
the	O
period	O
when	O
one	O
was	O
"	O
heir	O
to	O
the	O
ancient	O
sages	O
and	O
the	O
teacher	O
of	O
posterity	O
.	O
"	O


But	O
now	O
times	O
are	O
changing	O
so	O
fast	O
that	O
perhaps	O
the	O
lessons	O
of	O
past	O
experience	O
are	O
no	O
longer	O
suitable	O
for	O
solving	O
today	O
's	O
problems	O
.	O


To	O
assume	O
a	O
posture	O
of	O
superiority	O
based	O
on	O
one	O
's	O
seniority	O
will	O
make	O
one	O
despised	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
cast	O
aside	O
one	O
's	O
old	O
self	O
and	O
start	O
over	O
.	O


Chiu	B-PERSON
notes	O
that	O
many	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
who	O
have	O
worked	O
diligently	O
for	O
years	O
to	O
attain	O
management	O
positions	O
look	O
down	O
on	O
the	O
younger	O
generation	O
for	O
being	O
reckless	O
and	O
disorganized	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
realize	O
that	O
creativity	O
and	O
energy	O
may	O
be	O
ready	O
to	O
explode	O
from	O
underneath	O
these	O
flaws	O
.	O


Stuck	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
and	O
full	O
of	O
bitterness	O
,	O
they	O
may	O
end	O
up	O
getting	O
discarded	O
onto	O
the	O
scrap	O
heap	O
of	O
history	O
.	O


With	O
each	O
new	O
era	O
,	O
role	O
models	O
change	O
.	O


Until	O
the	O
new	O
role	O
models	O
have	O
been	O
established	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
maintain	O
flexibility	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
today	O
's	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
Chinese	B-NORP
women	O
are	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
have	O
obtained	O
advanced	O
degrees	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
come	O
in	O
contact	O
with	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
liberation	O
movement	O
.	O


They	O
set	O
high	O
expectations	O
for	O
themselves	O
,	O
but	O
their	O
disappointments	O
are	O
likewise	O
large	O
.	O


Many	O
women	O
are	O
torn	O
between	O
conflicting	O
desires	O
:	O
to	O
be	O
good	O
homemakers	O
like	O
their	O
mothers	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
successful	O
careers	O
like	O
their	O
fathers	O
.	O


Their	O
candles	O
are	O
burning	O
at	O
both	O
ends	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
live	O
up	O
to	O
two	B-CARDINAL
old	O
role	O
models	O
rather	O
than	O
establishing	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
for	O
themselves	O
.	O


Then	O
there	O
are	O
men	O
who	O
insist	O
upon	O
being	O
strict	O
fathers	O
and	O
disciplinarians	O
or	O
staying	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
company	O
until	O
they	O
retire	O
.	O


And	O
there	O
are	O
women	O
who	O
are	O
determined	O
to	O
play	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
Chinese	B-NORP
wife	O
and	O
mother	O
.	O


Ignoring	O
the	O
changing	O
times	O
,	O
they	O
place	O
tremendous	O
pressure	O
on	O
themselves	O
.	O


3.	B-CARDINAL
Turn	O
the	O
focus	O
from	O
outside	O
to	O
inside	O


Life	O
is	O
a	O
process	O
that	O
moves	O
from	O
the	O
"	O
outward	O
"	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
inward	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Alice	B-PERSON
Lu	I-PERSON
,	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Family	I-ORG
Life	I-ORG
Education	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
,	O
getting	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
the	O
matter	O
.	O


Lu	B-PERSON
explains	O
that	O
as	O
children	O
people	O
yearn	O
for	O
the	O
affection	O
of	O
their	O
parents	O
;	O
as	O
adolescents	O
they	O
want	O
the	O
affirmation	O
of	O
their	O
peers	O
;	O
and	O
as	O
adults	O
,	O
they	O
set	O
their	O
sights	O
on	O
educational	O
qualifications	O
,	O
finding	O
a	O
good	O
job	O
,	O
making	O
money	O
,	O
marrying	O
a	O
good	O
spouse	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
.	O


Everyone	O
puts	O
the	O
emphasis	O
on	O
outward	O
manifestations	O
of	O
success	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
emphasis	O
on	O
the	O
glitter	O
of	O
outward	O
achievement	O
continues	O
up	O
to	O
middle	O
age	O
.	O


"	O
By	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
people	O
have	O
gotten	O
from	O
the	O
outside	O
world	O
just	O
about	O
all	O
they	O
can	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Lu	B-PERSON
.	O


"	O
What	O
they	O
have	O
n't	O
attained	O
yet	O
they	O
probably	O
wo	O
n't	O
attain	O
ever	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
worth	O
getting	O
all	O
worked	O
up	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
life	O
when	O
the	O
doubts	O
set	O
in	O
.	O
"	O


Many	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
people	O
begin	O
to	O
ask	O
themselves	O
,	O
"	O
Is	O
this	O
really	O
what	O
I	O
want	O
?	O


What	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
all	O
my	O
hard	O
striving	O
?	O
"	O


When	O
the	O
doubts	O
come	O
,	O
some	O
people	O
continue	O
trying	O
to	O
find	O
answers	O
from	O
outside	O
,	O
thinking	O
that	O
everything	O
would	O
be	O
fine	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
just	O
change	O
jobs	O
or	O
wives	O
!	O


But	O
then	O
they	O
rashly	O
switch	O
jobs	O
or	O
foolishly	O
get	O
involved	O
in	O
an	O
affair	O
only	O
to	O
find	O
that	O
they	O
've	O
just	O
made	O
things	O
worse	O
.	O


"	O
In	O
middle	O
age	O
you	O
start	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
what	O
's	O
going	O
on	O
inside	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Lu	B-PERSON
.	O


"	O
It	O
's	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
life	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
to	O
hone	O
your	O
skills	O
at	O
conversing	O
with	O
your	O
soul	O
.	O
"	O


People	O
ask	O
themselves	O
:	O
Am	O
I	O
truly	O
happy	O
?	O


Do	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
person	O
I	O
see	O
in	O
the	O
mirror	O
?	O


Why	O
?	O


What	O
dreams	O
can	O
I	O
pursue	O
?	O


At	O
this	O
point	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
any	O
need	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
measure	O
oneself	O
against	O
outside	O
standards	O
.	O


Instead	O
it	O
's	O
more	O
important	O
to	O
accept	O
oneself	O
and	O
attempt	O
to	O
find	O
an	O
inner	O
balance	O
.	O


"	O
One	O
need	O
not	O
compare	O
one	O
's	O
inner	O
achievements	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
other	O
people	O
,	O
"	O
notes	O
Chiu	B-PERSON
.	O


Everyone	O
's	O
circumstances	O
and	O
personalities	O
are	O
different	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
place	O
different	O
expectations	O
on	O
themselves	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
matter	O
of	O
being	O
better	O
or	O
worse	O
than	O
anyone	O
else	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
follow	O
the	O
currents	O
of	O
fashion	O
.	O


Everyone	O
is	O
unique	O
.	O


Morris	B-PERSON
Chang	I-PERSON
was	O
in	O
his	O
fifties	O
when	O
he	O
became	O
an	O
entrepreneur	O
and	O
founded	O
Taiwan	B-ORG
Semiconductor	I-ORG
.	O


Many	O
others	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
in	O
life	O
have	O
opted	O
to	O
take	O
early	O
retirement	O
and	O
find	O
a	O
guru	O
in	O
India	B-GPE
,	O
work	O
as	O
a	O
volunteer	O
,	O
or	O
do	O
whatever	O
else	O
they	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
modern	O
age	O
when	O
people	O
value	O
different	O
things	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
find	O
a	O
purely	O
personal	O
kind	O
of	O
happiness	O
and	O
success	O
.	O


4.	B-CARDINAL
Realistically	O
strive	O
for	O
one	O
's	O
dreams	O


When	O
focusing	O
inward	O
,	O
many	O
dreams	O
that	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
discarded	O
will	O
end	O
up	O
floating	O
to	O
the	O
surface	O
.	O


At	O
such	O
times	O
,	O
one	O
should	O
remember	O
to	O
ask	O
oneself	O
three	B-CARDINAL
questions	O
:	O


"	O
What	O
do	O
I	O
want	O
?	O
"	O
"	O
What	O
can	O
I	O
do	O
?	O
"	O
And	O
"	O
What	O
must	O
I	O
do	O
and	O
have	O
?	O
"	O


Chang	B-PERSON
Der	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
chung	I-PERSON
reminds	O
people	O
to	O
think	O
clearly	O
about	O
their	O
needs	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
think	O
about	O
the	O
costs	O
.	O


Will	O
meeting	O
these	O
personal	O
needs	O
necessarily	O
come	O
into	O
conflict	O
with	O
meeting	O
one	O
's	O
responsibilities	O
?	O


Is	O
there	O
some	O
way	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
can	O
be	O
accomplished	O
simultaneously	O
?	O


When	O
facing	O
problems	O
at	O
work	O
in	O
Taiwan	B-GPE
,	O
many	O
people	O
decide	O
to	O
change	O
careers	O
or	O
even	O
to	O
pursue	O
their	O
fortunes	O
in	O
mainland	O
China	B-GPE
or	O
Southeast	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
.	O


Pursuing	O
some	O
dream	O
of	O
really	O
making	O
it	O
big	O
,	O
many	O
men	O
use	O
up	O
their	O
savings	O
,	O
leaving	O
their	O
wives	O
as	O
the	O
sole	O
source	O
of	O
family	O
support	O
and	O
suffering	O
loneliness	O
in	O
a	O
foreign	O
land	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
no	O
right	O
or	O
wrong	O
here	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
guarantee	O
a	O
venture	O
will	O
be	O
successful	O
,	O
but	O
beforehand	O
one	O
must	O
at	O
least	O
be	O
realistic	O
and	O
prepare	O
oneself	O
psychologically	O
for	O
all	O
possible	O
outcomes	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
one	O
wo	O
n't	O
suffer	O
losses	O
larger	O
than	O
one	O
can	O
bear	O
.	O


"	O
It	O
is	O
indeed	O
the	O
case	O
that	O
when	O
one	O
is	O
young	O
,	O
one	O
's	O
quiver	O
is	O
full	O
of	O
arrows	O
and	O
opportunities	O
abound	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
one	O
can	O
shoot	O
at	O
will	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chang	B-PERSON
by	O
way	O
of	O
analogy	O
.	O


"	O
Once	O
you	O
get	O
into	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
you	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
make	O
every	O
arrow	O
count	O
.	O
"	O


Chang	B-PERSON
explains	O
that	O
everyone	O
has	O
dreams	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
continually	O
working	O
toward	O
those	O
dreams	O
is	O
an	O
excellent	O
method	O
of	O
relieving	O
stress	O
at	O
any	O
age	O
.	O


Middle	O
-	O
aged	O
people	O
have	O
heavy	O
burdens	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
they	O
may	O
feel	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
suffocating	O
under	O
them	O
.	O


"	O
But	O
accomplishing	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
little	O
changes	O
can	O
bring	O
about	O
a	O
big	O
change	O
.	O
"	O


If	O
you	O
make	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
do	O
what	O
you	O
can	O
,	O
you	O
will	O
immediately	O
find	O
that	O
your	O
burdens	O
have	O
been	O
lightened	O
.	O


Chang	B-PERSON
cites	O
this	O
example	O
:	O
Say	O
you	O
hate	O
being	O
tied	O
up	O
by	O
your	O
work	O
,	O
and	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
school	O
.	O


Why	O
do	O
n't	O
you	O
try	O
a	O
weekend	O
class	O
?	O


Maybe	O
that	O
would	O
help	O
to	O
alleviate	O
your	O
anxiety	O
.	O


Or	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
housewife	O
,	O
taking	O
care	O
of	O
three	B-CARDINAL
generations	O
and	O
resentful	O
that	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
get	O
the	O
sense	O
of	O
accomplishment	O
that	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
full	O
-	O
time	O
job	O
,	O
then	O
maybe	O
you	O
could	O
work	O
as	O
a	O
volunteer	O
in	O
a	O
community	O
organization	O
.	O


This	O
would	O
both	O
put	O
you	O
into	O
contact	O
with	O
other	O
people	O
and	O
help	O
you	O
gain	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
accomplishment	O
.	O


And	O
you	O
can	O
help	O
to	O
sweat	O
off	O
your	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
anxieties	O
by	O
making	O
a	O
habit	O
of	O
regularly	O
exercising	O
.	O


What	O
's	O
more	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
worry	O
too	O
much	O
about	O
time	O
being	O
short	O
.	O


Remember	O
that	O
most	O
modern	O
people	O
live	O
long	O
lives	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
divided	O
up	O
into	O
many	O
stages	O
.	O


In	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
discover	O
that	O
your	O
personal	O
desires	O
are	O
coming	O
into	O
conflict	O
with	O
the	O
demands	O
of	O
your	O
family	O
or	O
society	O
,	O
decide	O
which	O
of	O
your	O
problems	O
are	O
the	O
most	O
urgent	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
try	O
to	O
accomplish	O
all	O
of	O
your	O
dreams	O
at	O
once	O
.	O


Maintain	O
an	O
unhurried	O
frame	O
of	O
mind	O
and	O
peacefully	O
wait	O
for	O
opportunities	O
to	O
present	O
themselves	O
.	O


5.	B-CARDINAL
Change	O
your	O
perspective	O


In	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
one	O
's	O
life	O
is	O
already	O
half	O
over	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
has	O
already	O
amply	O
tasted	O
of	O
life	O
's	O
fruits	O
,	O
both	O
the	O
bitter	O
and	O
the	O
sweet	O
.	O


"	O
I	O
am	O
thankful	O
for	O
the	O
bad	O
times	O
,	O
for	O
they	O
have	O
given	O
me	O
more	O
insight	O
into	O
life	O
and	O
a	O
better	O
opportunity	O
to	O
understand	O
myself	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Lin	B-PERSON
Hung	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
kuei	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
I	O
-	O
kuan	O
Tao	O
devotee	O
,	O
who	O
has	O
studied	O
the	B-WORK_OF_ART
Book	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
Changes	I-WORK_OF_ART
and	O
fengshui	O
.	O


Taking	O
care	O
of	O
your	O
parents	O
,	O
losing	O
your	O
job	O
,	O
illness	O
and	O
even	O
being	O
cheated	O
out	O
of	O
money	O
can	O
be	O
embraced	O
as	O
opportunities	O
to	O
experience	O
life	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
lessons	O
that	O
the	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
learn	O
from	O
to	O
become	O
more	O
proficient	O
at	O
the	O
art	O
of	O
living	O
.	O


"	O
By	O
changing	O
perspective	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
understand	O
the	O
insignificance	O
of	O
your	O
problems	O
,	O
"	O
points	O
out	O
Chiu	B-PERSON
Chia	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
li	I-PERSON
.	O


It	O
is	O
very	O
important	O
to	O
adjust	O
your	O
frame	O
of	O
mind	O
.	O


You	O
should	O
n't	O
think	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
only	O
one	O
way	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
be	O
.	O


As	O
long	O
as	O
you	O
can	O
accept	O
yourself	O
,	O
then	O
everything	O
is	O
all	O
right	O
.	O


As	O
for	O
losing	O
your	O
job	O
in	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
some	O
people	O
make	O
NT$	B-MONEY
100,000	I-MONEY
and	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
enough	O
.	O


Other's	O
find	O
that	O
NT$	B-MONEY
20,000	I-MONEY
is	O
more	O
than	O
enough	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
family	O
.	O


The	O
problem	O
is	O
that	O
by	O
insisting	O
on	O
making	O
NT$	B-MONEY
100,000	I-MONEY
a	O
month	O
,	O
you	O
may	O
pass	O
by	O
a	O
suitable	O
job	O
that	O
pays	O
NT$	B-MONEY
20,000	I-MONEY
.	O


Chang	B-PERSON
also	O
notes	O
that	O
when	O
people	O
come	O
to	O
forks	O
in	O
the	O
road	O
when	O
they	O
reach	O
middle	O
age	O
,	O
they	O
may	O
look	O
around	O
in	O
all	O
directions	O
and	O
feel	O
at	O
a	O
loss	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
encourage	O
themselves	O
to	O
keep	O
pressing	O
ahead	O
.	O


"	O
Even	O
if	O
you	O
feel	O
uncertain	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
positive	O
feeling	O
of	O
uncertainty	O
.	O
"	O


At	O
the	O
very	O
least	O
,	O
you	O
've	O
got	O
to	O
work	O
hard	O
at	O
establishing	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
direction	O
.	O


When	O
Li	B-PERSON
Liang	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
che	I-PERSON
starts	O
feeling	O
sorry	O
for	O
himself	O
,	O
he	O
uses	O
the	O
age	O
-	O
old	O
method	O
of	O
considering	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
even	O
worse	O
off	O
.	O


Those	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
always	O
complaining	O
about	O
their	O
lot	O
in	O
life	O
should	O
take	O
a	O
walk	O
around	O
a	O
cancer	O
ward	O
,	O
"	O
Li	B-PERSON
says	O
.	O


Then	O
they	O
'll	O
realize	O
how	O
lucky	O
they	O
are	O
.	O
"	O


Chiu	B-PERSON
Chia	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
li	I-PERSON
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
encourages	O
the	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
not	O
to	O
close	O
themselves	O
off	O
.	O


They	O
must	O
get	O
out	O
and	O
make	O
friends	O
,	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
get	O
things	O
off	O
their	O
chests	O
and	O
find	O
support	O
from	O
each	O
other	O
.	O


This	O
makes	O
it	O
easier	O
to	O
get	O
through	O
the	O
bad	O
times	O
.	O


Finally	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
something	O
that	O
may	O
seem	O
a	O
little	O
cliched	O
but	O
is	O
often	O
very	O
useful	O
-	O
namely	O
the	O
realization	O
that	O
things	O
will	O
get	O
better	O
,	O
that	O
tomorrow	O
is	O
another	O
day	O
.	O


"	O
Whether	O
you	O
are	O
depressed	O
or	O
going	O
berserk	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
important	O
to	O
remember	O
that	O
hormones	O
are	O
raging	O
inside	O
the	O
bodies	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
,	O
"	O
says	O
Chang	B-PERSON
.	O


Much	O
like	O
rebellious	O
adolescents	O
,	O
they	O
may	O
merely	O
need	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
into	O
another	O
stage	O
for	O
the	O
sky	O
to	O
become	O
blue	O
again	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
give	O
up	O
hope	O
too	O
early	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
be	O
afraid	O
of	O
asking	O
for	O
assistance	O
.	O


When	O
you	O
feel	O
at	O
a	O
loss	O
emotionally	O
,	O
the	O
experts	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
help	O
.	O


p.	O
18	B-CARDINAL


The	O
shackles	O
of	O
midlife	O
make	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
steps	O
heavy	O
.	O


How	O
can	O
one	O
escape	O
from	O
one	O
's	O
commitments	O
to	O
snatch	O
half	B-TIME
a	I-TIME
day	I-TIME
of	O
freedom	O
,	O
and	O
appreciate	O
the	O
world	O
from	O
a	O
new	O
perspective	O
?	O


p.	O
20	B-CARDINAL


-LRB-	O
facing	O
page	O
-RRB-	O


The	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
have	O
dreams	O
.	O


If	O
built	O
on	O
a	O
solid	O
foundation	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
life	O
more	O
enjoyable	O
and	O
fulfilling	O
.	O


p.	O
22	B-CARDINAL


Is	O
life	O
getting	O
you	O
down	O
?	O


Go	O
into	O
the	O
crowd	O
,	O
find	O
things	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
rediscover	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
life	O
.	O


Measuring	O
cups	O
may	O
soon	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
tablespoons	O
in	O
the	O
laundry	O
room	O
.	O


Procter	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Gamble	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
plans	O
to	O
begin	O
testing	O
next	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
a	O
superconcentrated	O
detergent	O
that	O
will	O
require	O
only	B-QUANTITY
a	I-QUANTITY
few	I-QUANTITY
spoonfuls	I-QUANTITY
per	O
washload	O
.	O


The	O
move	O
stems	O
from	O
lessons	O
learned	O
in	O
Japan	B-GPE
where	O
local	O
competitors	O
have	O
had	O
phenomenal	O
success	O
with	O
concentrated	O
soapsuds	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
marks	O
P&G	B-ORG
's	O
growing	O
concern	O
that	O
its	O
Japanese	B-NORP
rivals	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Kao	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
may	O
bring	O
their	O
superconcentrates	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
Cincinnati	B-GPE
consumer	O
-	O
products	O
giant	O
got	O
clobbered	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
in	O
Japan	B-GPE
when	O
Kao	B-ORG
introduced	O
a	O
powerful	O
detergent	O
,	O
called	O
Attack	B-PRODUCT
,	O
which	O
quickly	O
won	O
a	O
30	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
markets	O
.	O


``	O
They	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
get	O
caught	O
again	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
one	B-CARDINAL
industry	O
watcher	O
.	O


Retailers	O
in	O
Phoenix	B-GPE
,	O
Ariz.	B-GPE
,	O
say	O
P&G	B-ORG
's	O
new	O
powdered	O
detergent	O
--	O
to	O
be	O
called	O
Cheer	B-PRODUCT
with	I-PRODUCT
Color	I-PRODUCT
Guard	I-PRODUCT
--	O
will	O
be	O
on	O
shelves	O
in	O
that	O
market	O
by	O
early	B-DATE
November	I-DATE
.	O


A	O
P&G	B-ORG
spokeswoman	O
confirmed	O
that	O
shipments	O
to	O
Phoenix	B-GPE
started	O
late	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


She	O
said	O
the	O
company	O
will	O
study	O
results	O
from	O
this	O
market	O
before	O
expanding	O
to	O
others	O
.	O


Superconcentrates	O
are	O
n't	O
entirely	O
new	O
for	O
P&G	B-ORG
.	O


The	O
company	O
introduced	O
a	O
superconcentrated	O
Lemon	B-PRODUCT
Cheer	I-PRODUCT
in	O
Japan	B-GPE
after	O
watching	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
Attack	B-PRODUCT
.	O


When	O
Attack	B-PRODUCT
hit	O
the	O
shelves	O
in	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
P&G	B-ORG
's	O
share	O
of	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
market	O
fell	O
to	O
about	B-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


With	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
Lemon	B-PRODUCT
Cheer	I-PRODUCT
,	O
P&G	B-ORG
's	O
share	O
is	O
now	O
estimated	O
to	O
be	O
12	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


While	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
have	O
embraced	O
the	O
compact	O
packaging	O
and	O
convenience	O
of	O
concentrated	O
products	O
,	O
the	O
true	O
test	O
for	O
P&G	B-ORG
will	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
$	B-MONEY
4	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
U.S.	B-GPE
detergent	O
market	O
,	O
where	O
growth	O
is	O
slow	O
and	O
liquids	O
have	O
gained	O
prominence	O
over	O
powders	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
may	O
have	O
chosen	O
to	O
market	O
the	O
product	O
under	O
the	O
Cheer	B-PRODUCT
name	O
since	O
it	O
's	O
already	O
expanded	O
its	O
best	O
-	O
selling	O
Tide	B-PRODUCT
into	O
16	B-CARDINAL
different	O
varieties	O
,	O
including	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
big	O
hit	O
,	O
Tide	B-PRODUCT
with	I-PRODUCT
Bleach	I-PRODUCT
.	O


With	O
superconcentrates	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
n't	O
always	O
easy	O
to	O
persuade	O
consumers	O
that	O
less	O
is	O
more	O
;	O
many	O
people	O
tend	O
to	O
dump	O
too	O
much	O
detergent	O
into	O
the	O
washing	O
machine	O
,	O
believing	O
that	O
it	O
takes	O
a	B-QUANTITY
cup	I-QUANTITY
of	O
powder	O
to	O
really	O
clean	O
the	O
laundry	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
1980s	I-DATE
,	O
P&G	B-ORG
tried	O
to	O
launch	O
here	O
a	O
concentrated	O
detergent	O
under	O
the	O
Ariel	B-PRODUCT
brand	O
name	O
that	O
it	O
markets	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O


But	O
the	O
product	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
n't	O
as	O
concentrated	O
as	O
the	O
new	O
Cheer	B-PRODUCT
,	O
bombed	O
in	O
a	O
market	O
test	O
in	O
Denver	B-GPE
and	O
was	O
dropped	O
.	O


P&G	B-ORG
and	O
others	O
also	O
have	O
tried	O
repeatedly	O
to	O
hook	O
consumers	O
on	O
detergent	O
and	O
fabric	O
softener	O
combinations	O
in	O
pouches	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
have	O
n't	O
sold	O
well	O
,	O
despite	O
the	O
convenience	O
.	O


But	O
P&G	B-ORG
contends	O
the	O
new	O
Cheer	B-PRODUCT
is	O
a	O
unique	O
formula	O
that	O
also	O
offers	O
an	O
ingredient	O
that	O
prevents	O
colors	O
from	O
fading	O
.	O


And	O
retailers	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
embrace	O
the	O
product	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
because	O
it	O
will	O
take	O
up	O
less	O
shelf	O
space	O
.	O


``	O
When	O
shelf	O
space	O
was	O
cheap	O
,	O
bigger	O
was	O
better	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Hugh	B-PERSON
Zurkuhlen	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
analyst	O
at	O
Salomon	B-ORG
Bros	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
with	O
so	O
many	O
brands	O
vying	O
for	O
space	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
no	O
longer	O
the	O
case	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
new	O
Cheer	B-PRODUCT
sells	O
well	O
,	O
the	O
trend	O
toward	O
smaller	O
packaging	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
accelerate	O
as	O
competitors	O
follow	O
with	O
their	O
own	O
superconcentrates	O
.	O


Then	O
retailers	O
``	O
will	O
probably	O
push	O
the	O
-LCB-	O
less	O
-	O
established	O
-RCB-	O
brands	O
out	O
altogether	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Competition	O
is	O
bound	O
to	O
get	O
tougher	O
if	O
Kao	B-ORG
introduces	O
a	O
product	O
like	O
Attack	B-PRODUCT
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
.	O


To	O
be	O
sure	O
,	O
Kao	B-ORG
would	O
n't	O
have	O
an	O
easy	O
time	O
taking	O
U.S.	B-GPE
market	O
share	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
mighty	O
P&G	B-ORG
,	O
which	O
has	O
about	B-PERCENT
23	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O


Kao	B-ORG
officials	O
previously	O
have	O
said	O
they	O
are	O
interested	O
in	O
selling	O
detergents	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
,	O
but	O
so	O
far	O
the	O
company	O
has	O
focused	O
on	O
acquisitions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
purchase	O
of	O
Andrew	B-ORG
Jergens	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Cincinnati	B-GPE
hand	O
-	O
lotion	O
maker	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
product	O
-	O
testing	O
facility	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


Some	O
believe	O
P&G	B-ORG
's	O
interest	O
in	O
a	O
superconcentrated	O
detergent	O
goes	O
beyond	O
the	O
concern	O
for	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
.	O


``	O
This	O
is	O
something	O
P&G	B-ORG
would	O
do	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
Kao	B-ORG
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Zurkuhlen	B-PERSON
.	O


With	O
economic	O
tension	O
between	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
Japan	B-GPE
worsening	O
,	O
many	O
Japanese	B-NORP
had	O
feared	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
visit	O
from	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Trade	O
Representative	O
Carla	B-PERSON
Hills	I-PERSON
.	O


They	O
expected	O
a	O
new	O
barrage	O
of	O
demands	O
that	O
Japan	B-GPE
do	O
something	O
quickly	O
to	O
reduce	O
its	O
trade	O
surplus	O
with	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
.	O


Instead	O
,	O
they	O
got	O
a	O
discussion	O
of	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
Japan	B-GPE
to	O
work	O
together	O
and	O
of	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
view	O
.	O


Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
'	O
first	B-ORDINAL
trip	O
to	O
Japan	B-GPE
as	O
America	B-GPE
's	O
chief	O
trade	O
negotiator	O
had	O
a	O
completely	O
different	O
tone	O
from	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
visit	O
by	O
Commerce	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Robert	B-PERSON
A.	I-PERSON
Mosbacher	I-PERSON
.	O


Mr.	O
Mosbacher	B-PERSON
called	O
for	O
concrete	O
results	O
by	O
next	B-DATE
spring	I-DATE
in	O
negotiations	O
over	O
fundamental	O
Japanese	B-NORP
business	O
practices	O
that	O
supposedly	O
inhibit	O
free	O
trade	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
such	O
results	O
should	O
be	O
``	O
measurable	O
in	O
dollars	O
and	O
cents	O
''	O
in	O
reducing	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
trade	O
deficit	O
with	O
Japan	B-GPE
.	O


But	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
,	O
speaking	O
at	O
a	O
breakfast	O
meeting	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Chamber	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
in	O
Japan	B-GPE
on	O
Saturday	B-DATE
,	O
stressed	O
that	O
the	O
objective	O
``	O
is	O
not	O
to	O
get	O
definitive	O
action	O
by	O
spring	B-DATE
or	O
summer	B-DATE
,	O
it	O
is	O
rather	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
blueprint	O
for	O
action	O
.	O
''	O


She	O
added	O
that	O
she	O
expected	O
``	O
perhaps	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
down	O
payment	O
...	O
some	O
small	O
step	O
to	O
convince	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
people	O
and	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
people	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
moving	O
in	O
earnest	O
.	O
''	O


How	O
such	O
remarks	O
translate	O
into	O
policy	O
wo	O
n't	O
become	O
clear	O
for	O
months	B-DATE
.	O


American	B-NORP
and	O
Japanese	B-NORP
officials	O
offered	O
several	O
theories	O
for	O
the	O
difference	O
in	O
approach	O
betwen	O
Mr.	O
Mosbacher	B-PERSON
and	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
.	O


Many	O
called	O
it	O
simply	O
a	O
contrast	O
in	O
styles	O
.	O


But	O
some	O
saw	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
classic	O
negotiating	O
tactic	O
.	O


Others	O
said	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
may	O
feel	O
the	O
rhetoric	O
on	O
both	O
sides	O
is	O
getting	O
out	O
of	O
hand	O
.	O


And	O
some	O
said	O
it	O
reflected	O
the	O
growing	O
debate	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
over	O
pursuing	O
free	O
trade	O
with	O
Japan	B-GPE
versus	O
some	O
kind	O
of	O
managed	O
trade	O
.	O


Asked	O
to	O
compare	O
her	O
visit	O
to	O
Mr.	O
Mosbacher	B-PERSON
's	O
,	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
replied	O
:	O
``	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
hear	O
every	O
word	O
he	O
spoke	O
,	O
but	O
as	O
a	O
general	O
proposition	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
we	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
consistent	O
trade	O
strategy	O
in	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
.	O
''	O


Yet	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
American	B-NORP
official	O
who	O
sat	O
in	O
with	O
her	O
during	O
three	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
talks	O
with	O
Japanese	B-NORP
officials	O
said	O
her	O
tone	O
often	O
was	O
surprisingly	O
``	O
conciliatory	O
.	O
''	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
my	O
line	O
has	O
been	O
very	O
consistent	O
,	O
''	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
said	O
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
Saturday	B-DATE
afternoon	B-TIME
.	O


``	O
I	O
am	O
painted	O
sometimes	O
as	O
ferocious	O
,	O
perhaps	O
because	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
ferocious	O
list	O
of	O
statutes	O
to	O
implement	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
very	O
ferocious	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
either	O
hard	O
or	O
soft	O
.	O


I	O
feel	O
committed	O
to	O
the	O
program	O
of	O
opening	O
markets	O
and	O
expanding	O
trade	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
she	O
met	O
the	O
local	O
press	O
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
firmly	O
reiterated	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
progress	O
in	O
removing	O
barriers	O
to	O
trade	O
in	O
forest	O
products	O
,	O
satellites	O
and	O
supercomputers	O
,	O
three	B-CARDINAL
areas	O
targeted	O
under	O
the	O
Super	B-LAW
301	I-LAW
provision	O
of	O
the	O
1988	O
trade	O
bill	O
.	O


She	O
highlighted	O
exclusionary	O
business	O
practices	O
that	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
government	O
has	O
identified	O
.	O


But	O
her	O
main	O
thrust	O
was	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
world	O
-	O
wide	O
free	O
trade	O
and	O
open	O
competition	O
.	O


She	O
said	O
the	O
trade	O
imbalance	O
was	O
mainly	O
due	O
to	O
macroeconomic	O
factors	O
and	O
should	O
n't	O
be	O
tackled	O
by	O
setting	O
quantitative	O
targets	O
.	O


At	O
her	O
news	O
conference	O
for	O
Japanese	B-NORP
reporters	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
economics	O
journalist	O
summed	O
up	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
sense	O
of	O
relief	O
.	O


``	O
My	O
impression	O
was	O
that	O
you	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
scary	O
old	O
lady	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
drawing	O
a	O
few	O
nervous	O
chuckles	O
from	O
his	O
colleagues	O
.	O


``	O
But	O
I	O
am	O
relieved	O
to	O
see	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
beautiful	O
and	O
gentle	O
and	O
intelligent	O
and	O
a	O
person	O
of	O
integrity	O
.	O
''	O


Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
'	O
remarks	O
did	O
raise	O
questions	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
among	O
some	O
U.S.	B-GPE
officials	O
,	O
about	O
what	O
exactly	O
her	O
stance	O
is	O
on	O
U.S.	B-GPE
access	O
to	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
semiconductor	O
market	O
.	O


The	O
U.S.	B-GPE
share	O
of	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
market	O
has	O
been	O
stuck	O
around	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
for	O
years	B-DATE
.	O


Many	O
Americans	B-NORP
have	O
interpreted	O
a	O
1986	B-DATE
agreement	O
as	O
assuring	O
U.S.	B-GPE
companies	O
a	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
share	O
by	O
1991	B-DATE
,	O
but	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
have	O
denied	O
making	O
any	O
such	O
promise	O
.	O


At	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
her	O
news	O
conferences	O
,	O
Mrs.	O
Hills	B-PERSON
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
believe	O
we	O
can	O
do	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O
''	O


But	O
she	O
stressed	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
am	O
against	O
managed	O
trade	O
.	O


I	O
will	O
not	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
agreement	O
that	O
stipulates	O
to	O
a	O
percentage	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O


Information	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
was	O
sued	O
by	O
a	O
buyer	O
of	O
its	O
computerized	O
newspaper	O
-	O
publishing	O
system	O
,	O
alleging	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
failed	O
to	O
correct	O
deficiencies	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
.	O


A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Information	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
lawsuit	O
by	O
two	B-CARDINAL
units	O
of	O
Morris	B-ORG
Communications	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
seeks	O
restitution	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
3	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
purchase	O
price	O
and	O
cancellation	O
of	O
a	O
software	O
license	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
Morris	B-ORG
units	O
to	O
Information	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
for	O
alleged	O
failure	O
to	O
pay	O
royalties	O
.	O


Information	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
believes	O
that	O
the	O
complaints	O
,	O
filed	O
in	O
federal	O
court	O
in	O
Georgia	B-GPE
,	O
are	O
without	O
merit	O
.	O


Closely	O
held	O
Morris	B-ORG
Communications	I-ORG
is	O
based	O
in	O
Augusta	B-GPE
,	O
Ga	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
units	O
that	O
filed	O
the	O
suit	O
are	O
Southeastern	B-ORG
Newspapers	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
and	O
Florida	B-ORG
Publishing	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
.	O


Syms	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
completed	O
the	O
sale	O
of	O
its	O
A.	B-ORG
Sulka	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
subsidiary	O
,	O
a	O
men	O
's	O
luxury	O
haberdashery	O
,	O
to	O
Luxco	B-ORG
Investments	I-ORG
.	O


Terms	O
were	O
n't	O
disclosed	O
.	O


As	O
Syms	B-ORG
's	O
``	O
core	O
business	O
of	O
off	O
-	O
price	O
retailing	O
grows	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
subsidiary	O
that	O
is	O
operationally	O
unrelated	O
becomes	O
a	O
difficult	O
distraction	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Marcy	B-PERSON
Syms	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
parent	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O


A	O
spokeswoman	O
said	O
Sulka	B-ORG
operates	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
stores	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
overseas	O
.	O


Syms	B-ORG
operates	O
25	B-CARDINAL
off	O
-	O
price	O
apparel	O
stores	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
oil	O
industry	O
's	O
middling	O
profits	O
could	O
persist	O
through	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Major	O
oil	O
companies	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
are	O
expected	O
to	O
report	O
much	O
less	O
robust	O
earnings	O
than	O
they	O
did	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
largely	O
reflecting	O
deteriorating	O
chemical	O
prices	O
and	O
gasoline	O
profitability	O
.	O


The	O
gasoline	O
picture	O
may	O
improve	O
this	B-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
chemicals	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
remain	O
weak	O
,	O
industry	O
executives	O
and	O
analysts	O
say	O
,	O
reducing	O
chances	O
that	O
profits	O
could	O
equal	O
their	O
year	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
performance	O
.	O


The	O
industry	O
is	O
``	O
seeing	O
a	O
softening	O
somewhat	O
in	O
volume	O
and	O
certainly	O
in	O
price	O
in	O
petrochemicals	O
,	O
''	O
Glenn	B-PERSON
Cox	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
Phillips	B-ORG
Petroleum	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O


``	O
That	O
change	O
will	O
obviously	O
impact	O
third	B-DATE
and	I-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
earnings	O
''	O
for	O
the	O
industry	O
in	O
general	O
,	O
he	O
added	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
n't	O
forecast	O
Phillips	B-ORG
's	O
results	O
.	O


But	O
securities	O
analysts	O
say	O
Phillips	B-ORG
will	O
be	O
among	O
the	O
companies	O
hard	O
-	O
hit	O
by	O
weak	O
chemical	O
prices	O
and	O
will	O
probably	O
post	O
a	O
drop	O
in	O
third	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
earnings	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
too	O
,	O
many	O
analysts	O
predict	O
,	O
will	O
Exxon	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
Chevron	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
and	O
Amoco	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


Typical	O
is	O
what	O
happened	O
to	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
ethylene	O
,	O
a	O
major	O
commodity	O
chemical	O
produced	O
in	O
vast	O
amounts	O
by	O
many	O
oil	O
companies	O
.	O


It	O
has	O
plunged	O
13	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
since	O
July	B-DATE
to	O
around	B-MONEY
26	I-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
.	O


A	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
ethylene	O
sold	O
for	O
33	B-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
,	O
peaking	O
at	O
about	B-MONEY
34	I-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
last	B-DATE
December	I-DATE
.	O


A	O
big	O
reason	O
for	O
the	O
chemical	O
price	O
retreat	O
is	O
overexpansion	O
.	O


Beginning	O
in	O
mid-1987	B-DATE
,	O
prices	O
began	O
accelerating	O
as	O
a	O
growing	O
U.S.	B-GPE
economy	O
and	O
the	O
weak	O
dollar	O
spurred	O
demand	O
.	O


Companies	O
added	O
capacity	O
furiously	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
greatly	O
increased	O
supplies	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
dollar	O
is	O
stronger	O
,	O
and	O
domestic	O
economic	O
growth	O
is	O
slower	O
.	O


Third	O
-	O
quarter	O
profits	O
from	O
gasoline	O
were	O
weaker	O
.	O


``	O
Refining	O
margins	O
were	O
so	O
good	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
and	O
generally	O
not	O
very	O
good	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
''	O
said	O
William	B-PERSON
Randol	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
securities	O
analyst	O
at	O
First	B-ORG
Boston	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


Oil	O
company	O
refineries	O
ran	O
flat	O
out	O
to	O
prepare	O
for	O
a	O
robust	O
holiday	O
driving	O
season	O
in	O
July	B-DATE
and	O
August	B-DATE
that	O
did	O
n't	O
materialize	O
.	O


The	O
excess	O
supply	O
pushed	O
gasoline	O
prices	O
down	O
in	O
that	O
period	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
crude	O
oil	O
prices	O
were	O
up	O
some	O
from	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
,	O
further	O
pressuring	O
profitability	O
.	O


Refiners	O
say	O
margins	O
picked	O
up	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
and	O
many	O
industry	O
officials	O
believe	O
gasoline	O
profits	O
will	O
rebound	O
this	B-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
,	O
though	O
still	O
not	O
to	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
1988	B-DATE
's	I-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
.	O


During	O
the	B-DATE
1988	I-DATE
second	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
,	O
many	O
companies	O
posted	O
record	O
gasoline	O
and	O
chemical	O
profits	O
.	O


Crude	O
oil	O
production	O
may	O
turn	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
surprising	O
element	O
of	O
companies	O
'	O
earnings	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Prices	O
--	O
averaging	O
roughly	O
$	O
2	B-MONEY
a	O
barrel	O
higher	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
than	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
--	O
have	O
stayed	O
well	O
above	O
most	O
companies	O
'	O
expectations	O
.	O


Demand	O
has	O
been	O
much	O
stronger	O
than	O
anticipated	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
typically	O
accelerates	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
We	O
could	O
see	O
higher	O
oil	O
prices	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
''	O
said	O
Bryan	B-PERSON
Jacoboski	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
analyst	O
at	O
PaineWebber	B-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


That	O
will	O
translate	O
into	O
sharply	O
higher	O
production	O
profits	O
,	O
particularly	O
compared	O
with	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
when	O
oil	O
prices	O
steadily	O
fell	O
to	O
below	O
$	O
13	B-MONEY
a	O
barrel	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
.	O


While	O
oil	O
prices	O
have	O
been	O
better	O
than	O
expected	O
,	O
natural	O
gas	O
prices	O
have	O
been	O
worse	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
,	O
they	O
averaged	O
about	B-PERCENT
5	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
less	O
than	O
they	O
were	O
in	O
1988	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
main	O
reason	O
remains	O
weather	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
was	O
notable	O
for	O
a	O
heat	O
wave	O
and	O
drought	O
that	O
caused	O
utilities	O
to	O
burn	O
more	O
natural	O
gas	O
to	O
feed	O
increased	O
electrical	O
demand	O
from	O
air	O
conditioning	O
use	O
.	O


This	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
had	O
milder	O
weather	O
than	O
usual	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
've	O
been	O
very	O
disappointed	O
in	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
natural	O
gas	O
prices	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Mr.	O
Cox	B-PERSON
,	O
Phillips	B-ORG
's	O
president	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
lagging	O
gas	O
price	O
is	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
assist	O
fourth	B-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
performance	O
as	O
many	O
had	O
expected	O
.	O
''	O


Going	O
into	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
,	O
natural	O
gas	O
prices	O
are	O
anywhere	O
from	O
8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
17	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
lower	O
than	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
natural	O
gas	O
currently	O
produced	O
along	O
the	B-LOC
Gulf	I-LOC
Coast	I-LOC
is	O
selling	O
on	O
the	O
spot	O
market	O
for	O
around	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
1.47	I-MONEY
a	B-QUANTITY
thousand	I-QUANTITY
cubic	I-QUANTITY
feet	I-QUANTITY
,	O
down	O
13	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
$	O
1.69	B-MONEY
a	B-QUANTITY
thousand	I-QUANTITY
cubic	I-QUANTITY
feet	I-QUANTITY
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
,	O
trying	O
to	O
blunt	O
growing	O
demands	O
from	O
Western	B-LOC
Europe	I-LOC
for	O
a	O
relaxation	O
of	O
controls	O
on	O
exports	O
to	O
the	O
Soviet	B-NORP
bloc	B-LOC
,	O
is	O
questioning	O
whether	O
Italy	B-GPE
's	O
Ing	B-ORG
.	I-ORG
C.	I-ORG
Olivetti	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
supplied	O
militarily	O
valuable	O
technology	O
to	O
the	O
Soviets	B-NORP
.	O


Most	O
of	O
the	O
Western	B-NORP
European	I-NORP
members	O
of	O
Coordinating	B-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
on	I-ORG
Multilateral	I-ORG
Export	I-ORG
Controls	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
unofficial	O
forum	O
through	O
which	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
its	O
allies	O
align	O
their	O
export	O
-	O
control	O
policies	O
,	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
argue	O
for	O
more	O
liberal	O
export	O
rules	O
at	O
a	O
meeting	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
Paris	B-GPE
Oct.	B-DATE
25	I-DATE
and	O
26	B-DATE
.	O


They	O
plan	O
to	O
press	O
specifically	O
for	O
a	O
relaxation	O
of	O
rules	O
governing	O
exports	O
of	O
machine	O
tools	O
,	O
computers	O
and	O
other	O
high	O
-	O
technology	O
products	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
says	O
it	O
wants	O
to	O
see	O
evidence	O
that	O
all	O
Cocom	B-ORG
members	O
are	O
complying	O
fully	O
with	O
existing	O
export	O
-	O
control	O
procedures	O
before	O
it	O
will	O
support	O
further	O
liberalization	O
.	O


To	O
make	O
its	O
point	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
challenging	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
government	O
to	O
explain	O
reports	O
that	O
Olivetti	B-ORG
may	O
have	O
supplied	O
the	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
with	O
sophisticated	O
computer	O
-	O
driven	O
devices	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
build	O
parts	O
for	O
combat	O
aircraft	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
London	I-ORG
Sunday	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
first	O
reported	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
concerns	O
,	O
cited	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
intelligence	O
report	O
as	O
the	O
source	O
of	O
the	O
allegations	O
that	O
Olivetti	B-ORG
exported	O
$	B-MONEY
25	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
``	O
embargoed	O
,	O
state	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
art	O
,	O
flexible	O
manufacturing	O
systems	O
to	O
the	O
Soviet	B-NORP
aviation	O
industry	O
.	O
''	O


Olivetti	B-ORG
reportedly	O
began	O
shipping	O
these	O
tools	O
in	O
1984	B-DATE
.	O


A	O
State	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
spokesman	O
acknowledged	O
that	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
is	O
discussing	O
the	O
allegations	O
with	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
government	O
and	O
Cocom	B-ORG
,	O
but	O
declined	O
to	O
confirm	O
any	O
details	O
.	O


Italian	B-NORP
President	O
Francesco	B-PERSON
Cossiga	I-PERSON
promised	O
a	O
quick	O
investigation	O
into	O
whether	O
Olivetti	B-ORG
broke	O
Cocom	B-ORG
rules	O
.	O


President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
called	O
his	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
matter	O
during	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
leader	O
's	O
visit	O
here	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
.	O


Olivetti	B-ORG
has	O
denied	O
that	O
it	O
violated	O
Cocom	B-ORG
rules	O
,	O
asserting	O
that	O
the	O
reported	O
shipments	O
were	O
properly	O
licensed	O
by	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
authorities	O
.	O


Although	O
the	O
legality	O
of	O
these	O
sales	O
is	O
still	O
an	O
open	O
question	O
,	O
the	O
disclosure	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
better	O
timed	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
export	O
-	O
control	O
hawks	O
in	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
intelligence	O
community	O
.	O


``	O
It	O
seems	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
a	O
story	O
like	O
this	O
breaks	O
just	O
before	O
every	O
important	O
Cocom	B-ORG
meeting	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
a	O
Washington	B-GPE
lobbyist	O
for	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
U.S.	B-GPE
computer	O
companies	O
.	O


The	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
has	O
sent	O
conflicting	O
signals	O
about	O
its	O
export	O
-	O
control	O
policies	O
,	O
reflecting	O
unhealed	O
divisions	O
among	O
several	O
competing	O
agencies	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
,	O
Mr.	O
Bush	B-PERSON
moved	O
the	O
administration	O
in	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
gradual	O
liberalization	O
when	O
he	O
told	O
a	O
North	B-ORG
Atlantic	I-ORG
Treaty	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
meeting	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
allow	O
some	O
exceptions	O
to	O
the	O
Cocom	B-ORG
embargo	O
of	O
strategic	O
goods	O
.	O


But	O
more	O
recently	O
,	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
openly	O
feuded	O
over	O
the	O
extent	O
to	O
which	O
Cocom	B-ORG
should	O
liberalize	O
exports	O
of	O
personal	O
computers	O
to	O
the	O
bloc	B-LOC
.	O


However	O
,	O
these	O
agencies	O
generally	O
agree	O
that	O
the	O
West	O
should	O
be	O
cautious	O
about	O
any	O
further	O
liberalization	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
's	O
no	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
Soviet	B-NORP
program	O
to	O
-LRB-	O
illegally	O
-RRB-	O
acquire	O
Western	O
technology	O
has	O
diminished	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
a	O
State	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
spokesman	O
.	O


Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Santa	I-ORG
Barbara	I-ORG
filed	O
suit	O
against	O
former	O
stock	O
speculator	O
Ivan	B-PERSON
F.	I-PERSON
Boesky	I-PERSON
and	O
Drexel	B-ORG
Burnham	I-ORG
Lambert	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
charging	O
they	O
defrauded	O
the	O
thrift	O
by	O
concealing	O
their	O
relationship	O
when	O
persuading	O
it	O
to	O
buy	O
$	B-MONEY
284	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
high	O
-	O
yield	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
junk	O
bonds	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
suit	O
filed	O
in	O
federal	O
court	O
Thursday	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
S&L	O
alleged	O
that	O
a	O
``	O
disproportionate	O
number	O
''	O
of	O
the	O
bonds	O
it	O
purchased	O
in	O
1984	B-DATE
declined	O
in	O
value	O
.	O


Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
purchased	O
the	O
bonds	O
,	O
the	O
suit	O
alleged	O
,	O
after	O
Mr.	O
Boesky	B-PERSON
and	O
Drexel	B-ORG
negotiated	O
an	O
agreement	O
for	O
Vagabond	B-ORG
Hotels	I-ORG
to	O
purchase	O
a	O
51	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
the	O
thrift	O
for	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
34	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Vagabond	B-ORG
Hotels	I-ORG
was	O
controlled	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Boesky	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
currently	O
is	O
serving	O
a	O
prison	O
term	O
for	O
securities	O
violations	O
.	O


Officials	O
at	O
Drexel	B-ORG
said	O
they	O
had	O
n't	O
seen	O
the	O
suit	O
and	O
thus	O
could	O
n't	O
comment	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
to	O
$	B-MONEY
33	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
compensatory	O
damages	O
,	O
the	O
suit	O
seeks	O
$	B-MONEY
100	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
punitive	O
damages	O
.	O


Also	O
named	O
in	O
the	O
suit	O
is	O
Ivan	B-ORG
F.	I-ORG
Boesky	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
and	O
Northview	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
successor	O
company	O
to	O
Vagabonds	B-ORG
Hotels	I-ORG
.	O


Northview	B-ORG
officials	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
located	O
.	O


Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
agreed	O
to	O
buy	O
the	O
bonds	O
after	O
a	O
representative	O
of	O
Ivan	B-ORG
F.	I-ORG
Boesky	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
visited	O
it	O
in	O
November	B-DATE
1983	I-DATE
and	O
said	O
Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
could	O
improve	O
its	O
financial	O
condition	O
by	O
purchasing	O
the	O
bonds	O
.	O


Shortly	O
before	O
the	O
visit	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Boesky	B-PERSON
and	O
Drexel	B-ORG
representives	O
had	O
met	O
with	O
Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
officials	O
and	O
had	O
signed	O
a	O
letter	O
of	O
intent	O
to	O
acquire	O
the	O
51	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
the	O
company	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
agreement	O
was	O
canceled	O
in	O
June	B-DATE
1984	I-DATE
.	O


Financial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
purchased	O
the	O
bonds	O
in	O
at	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
70	I-CARDINAL
different	O
transactions	O
in	O
1984	B-DATE
and	O
since	O
then	O
has	O
realized	O
$	B-MONEY
11	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
losses	O
on	O
them	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
.	O


Ideal	B-ORG
Basic	I-ORG
Industries	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
said	O
its	O
directors	O
reached	O
an	O
agreement	O
in	O
principle	O
calling	O
for	O
HOFI	B-ORG
North	I-ORG
America	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
to	O
combine	O
its	O
North	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
cement	O
holdings	O
with	O
Ideal	B-ORG
in	O
a	O
transaction	O
that	O
will	O
leave	O
Ideal	B-ORG
's	O
minority	O
shareholders	O
with	O
12.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
combined	O
company	O
.	O


HOFI	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
North	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
holding	O
company	O
of	O
Swiss	B-NORP
concern	O
Holderbank	B-ORG
Financiere	I-ORG
Glaris	I-ORG
Ltd.	I-ORG
,	O
previously	O
proposed	O
combining	O
its	O
100	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
St.	B-ORG
Lawrence	I-ORG
Cement	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
its	O
60	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
Dundee	B-ORG
Cement	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
with	O
its	O
67	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
Ideal	B-ORG
.	O


But	O
HOFI	B-ORG
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
offer	O
would	O
have	O
given	O
Ideal	B-ORG
's	O
other	O
shareholders	O
about	B-PERCENT
10	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
combined	O
company	O
.	O


Ideal	B-ORG
's	O
directors	O
rejected	O
that	O
offer	O
,	O
although	O
they	O
said	O
they	O
endorsed	O
the	O
merger	O
proposal	O
.	O


Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
HOFI	B-ORG
will	O
own	O
87.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
combined	O
company	O
.	O


Ideal	B-ORG
's	O
current	O
operations	O
will	O
represent	O
about	B-PERCENT
39.2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
combined	O
company	O
.	O


The	O
transaction	O
is	O
subject	O
to	O
a	O
definitive	O
agreement	O
and	O
approval	O
by	O
Ideal	B-ORG
shareholders	O
.	O


Ideal	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
expects	O
to	O
complete	O
the	O
transaction	O
early	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


While	O
corn	O
and	O
soybean	O
prices	O
have	O
slumped	O
well	O
below	O
their	O
drought	O
-	O
induced	O
peaks	O
of	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
wheat	O
prices	O
remain	O
stubbornly	O
high	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
're	O
likely	O
to	O
stay	O
that	O
way	O
for	O
months	B-DATE
to	O
come	O
,	O
analysts	O
say	O
.	O


For	O
one	B-CARDINAL
thing	O
,	O
even	O
with	O
many	O
farmers	O
planting	O
more	O
winter	B-DATE
wheat	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
than	O
last	O
,	O
tight	O
wheat	O
supplies	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
support	O
prices	O
well	O
into	O
1990	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
analysts	O
say	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
rain	O
does	O
n't	O
fall	O
soon	O
across	O
many	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Great	I-LOC
Plains	I-LOC
'	I-LOC
wheat	O
-	O
growing	O
areas	O
,	O
yields	O
in	O
the	O
crop	O
now	O
being	O
planted	O
could	O
be	O
reduced	O
,	O
further	O
squeezing	O
supplies	O
.	O


Also	O
supporting	O
prices	O
are	O
expectations	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
will	O
place	O
substantial	O
buying	O
orders	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


By	O
next	B-DATE
May	I-DATE
31	I-DATE
,	O
stocks	O
of	O
U.S.	B-GPE
wheat	O
to	O
be	O
carried	O
over	O
into	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
season	I-DATE
--	O
before	O
the	O
winter	B-DATE
wheat	O
now	O
being	O
planted	O
is	O
harvested	O
--	O
are	O
projected	O
to	O
drop	O
to	O
443	B-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
bushels	I-QUANTITY
.	O


That	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
lowest	O
level	O
since	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
1970s	I-DATE
.	O


Stocks	O
were	O
698	B-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
bushels	I-QUANTITY
on	O
May	B-DATE
31	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
response	O
to	O
dwindling	O
domestic	O
supplies	O
,	O
Agriculture	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Clayton	B-PERSON
Yeutter	I-PERSON
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
said	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
government	O
would	O
slightly	O
increase	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
acres	O
farmers	O
can	O
plant	O
in	O
wheat	O
for	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
and	O
still	O
qualify	O
for	O
federal	O
support	O
payments	O
.	O


The	O
government	O
estimates	O
that	O
the	O
new	O
plan	O
will	O
boost	O
production	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
by	O
about	B-QUANTITY
66	I-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
bushels	I-QUANTITY
.	O


It	O
now	O
estimates	O
production	O
for	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
at	O
just	B-QUANTITY
under	I-QUANTITY
2.6	I-QUANTITY
billion	I-QUANTITY
bushels	I-QUANTITY
,	O
compared	O
with	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
estimated	O
2.04	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
and	O
a	O
drought	O
-	O
stunted	O
1.81	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
in	O
1988	B-DATE
.	O


But	O
the	O
full	O
effect	O
on	O
prices	O
of	O
the	O
winter	B-DATE
wheat	O
now	O
being	O
planted	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
felt	O
until	O
the	B-DATE
second	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
next	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Until	O
then	O
,	O
limited	O
stocks	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
keep	O
prices	O
near	O
the	O
$	O
4	B-MONEY
-	O
a	O
-	O
bushel	O
level	O
,	O
analysts	O
say	O
.	O


On	O
the	B-ORG
Chicago	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
wheat	O
for	O
December	B-DATE
delivery	O
settled	O
at	O
$	O
4.0675	B-MONEY
a	O
bushel	O
,	O
unchanged	O
.	O


In	O
theory	O
at	O
least	O
,	O
tight	O
supplies	O
next	B-DATE
spring	I-DATE
could	O
leave	O
the	O
wheat	O
futures	O
market	O
susceptible	O
to	O
a	O
supply	O
-	O
demand	O
squeeze	O
,	O
said	O
Daniel	B-PERSON
Basse	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
futures	O
analyst	O
with	O
AgResource	B-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


Such	O
a	O
situation	O
can	O
wreak	O
havoc	O
,	O
as	O
was	O
shown	O
by	O
the	O
emergency	O
that	O
developed	O
in	O
soybean	O
futures	O
trading	O
this	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
on	O
the	B-ORG
Chicago	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
July	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
CBOT	B-ORG
ordered	O
Ferruzzi	B-ORG
Finanziaria	I-ORG
S.p	I-ORG
.	I-ORG
A.	I-ORG
to	O
liquidate	O
futures	O
positions	O
equal	O
to	O
about	B-QUANTITY
23	I-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
bushels	I-QUANTITY
of	O
soybeans	O
.	O


The	O
exchange	O
said	O
it	O
feared	O
that	O
some	O
members	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
enough	O
soybeans	O
to	O
deliver	O
and	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
default	O
on	O
their	O
contractual	O
obligation	O
to	O
the	O
Italian	B-NORP
conglomerate	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
refused	O
requests	O
to	O
reduce	O
its	O
holdings	O
.	O


Ferruzzi	B-ORG
has	O
denied	O
it	O
was	O
trying	O
to	O
manipulate	O
the	O
soybean	O
futures	O
market	O
.	O


Unseasonably	O
hot	O
,	O
dry	O
weather	O
across	O
large	O
portions	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Great	I-LOC
Plains	I-LOC
and	O
in	O
wheat	O
-	O
growing	O
areas	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
and	O
Oregon	B-GPE
is	O
threatening	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
yield	O
from	O
this	O
season	B-DATE
's	O
winter	B-DATE
wheat	O
crop	O
,	O
said	O
Conrad	B-PERSON
Leslie	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
futures	O
analyst	O
and	O
head	O
of	O
Leslie	B-ORG
Analytical	I-ORG
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
Oklahoma	B-GPE
panhandle	O
,	O
40	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
or	O
more	O
of	O
the	O
topsoil	O
is	O
short	O
of	O
moisture	O
.	O


That	O
figure	O
climbs	O
to	O
about	B-PERCENT
47	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
wheat	O
-	O
growing	O
portions	O
of	O
Kansas	B-GPE
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


The	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
has	O
n't	O
given	O
any	O
clear	O
indication	O
of	O
its	O
wheat	O
purchase	O
plans	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
analysts	O
expect	O
Moscow	B-GPE
to	O
place	O
sizable	O
orders	O
for	O
U.S.	B-GPE
wheat	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
further	O
supporting	O
prices	O
.	O


``	O
Wheat	O
prices	O
will	O
increasingly	O
pivot	O
off	O
of	O
Soviet	B-NORP
demand	O
''	O
in	O
coming	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
,	O
predicted	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Feltes	I-PERSON
,	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
research	O
,	O
for	O
Refco	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


Looking	O
ahead	O
to	O
other	O
commodity	O
markets	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
:	O


Orange	O
Juice	O
Traders	O
will	O
be	O
watching	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
long	O
and	O
how	O
far	O
the	O
price	O
decline	O
that	O
began	O
Friday	B-DATE
will	O
go	O
.	O


Late	B-DATE
Thursday	I-DATE
,	O
after	O
the	O
close	O
of	O
trading	O
,	O
the	O
market	O
received	O
what	O
would	O
normally	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
bullish	O
U.S.	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Agriculture	I-ORG
estimate	O
of	O
the	O
1989	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
90	I-DATE
Florida	B-GPE
orange	O
crop	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
near	O
the	O
low	O
range	O
of	O
estimates	O
,	O
at	O
130	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
90	B-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
pound	I-QUANTITY
boxes	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
146.6	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
boxes	O
last	B-DATE
season	I-DATE
.	O


However	O
,	O
as	O
expected	O
,	O
Brazil	B-GPE
waited	O
for	O
the	O
crop	O
estimate	O
to	O
come	O
out	O
and	O
then	O
cut	O
the	O
export	O
price	O
of	O
its	O
juice	O
concentrate	O
to	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
1.34	I-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
from	O
around	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
1.55	I-MONEY
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
's	O
consequent	O
selling	O
of	O
futures	O
contracts	O
erased	O
whatever	O
supportive	O
effect	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
report	O
might	O
have	O
had	O
and	O
sent	O
the	O
November	B-DATE
orange	O
juice	O
contract	O
down	O
as	B-MONEY
much	I-MONEY
as	I-MONEY
6.55	I-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
at	O
one	B-CARDINAL
time	O
.	O


It	O
settled	O
with	O
a	O
loss	O
of	O
4.95	B-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
at	O
$	O
1.3210	B-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
.	O


Brazilian	B-NORP
juice	O
,	O
after	O
a	O
delay	O
caused	O
by	O
drought	O
at	O
the	B-DATE
start	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
its	I-DATE
crop	I-DATE
season	I-DATE
,	O
is	O
beginning	O
to	O
arrive	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
in	O
large	O
quantities	O
.	O


Brazil	B-GPE
wants	O
to	O
stimulate	O
demand	O
for	O
its	O
product	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
plentiful	O
supply	O
.	O


The	O
price	O
cut	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
analyst	O
said	O
,	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
aimed	O
even	O
more	O
at	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
consumption	O
of	O
Brazilian	B-NORP
juice	O
has	O
fallen	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
a	O
dollar	O
-	O
priced	O
product	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
strong	O
dollar	O
has	O
made	O
it	O
more	O
expensive	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
analyst	O
said	O
.	O


New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
futures	O
prices	O
have	O
dropped	O
significantly	O
from	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
at	O
midyear	B-DATE
.	O


Barring	O
a	O
cold	O
snap	O
or	O
other	O
crop	O
problems	O
in	O
the	O
growing	O
areas	O
,	O
downward	O
pressure	O
on	O
prices	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
continue	O
into	O
January	B-DATE
,	O
when	O
harvesting	O
and	O
processing	O
of	O
oranges	O
in	O
Florida	B-GPE
reach	O
their	O
peak	O
,	O
the	O
analyst	O
said	O
.	O


Energy	O


Although	O
some	O
analysts	O
look	O
for	O
profit	O
-	O
taking	O
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
leap	O
in	O
crude	O
oil	O
prices	O
,	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
rally	O
is	O
generally	O
expected	O
to	O
continue	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
I	O
would	O
continue	O
to	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
stable	O
crude	O
market	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
futures	O
''	O
trading	O
,	O
said	O
William	B-PERSON
Hinton	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
energy	O
futures	O
broker	O
with	O
Stotler	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
capped	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
of	O
steadily	O
rising	O
crude	O
oil	O
prices	O
in	O
both	O
futures	O
and	O
spot	O
markets	O
.	O


On	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Mercantile	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
,	O
West	B-PRODUCT
Texas	I-PRODUCT
Intermediate	I-PRODUCT
crude	O
for	O
November	B-DATE
delivery	O
finished	O
at	O
$	O
20.89	B-MONEY
a	O
barrel	O
,	O
up	O
42	B-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
on	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
.	O


On	O
European	B-NORP
markets	O
,	O
meanwhile	O
,	O
spot	O
prices	O
of	O
North	B-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
crudes	O
were	O
up	O
35	B-CARDINAL
to	O
75	B-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
a	O
barrel	O
.	O


``	O
This	O
market	O
still	O
wants	O
to	O
go	O
higher	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Nauman	B-PERSON
Barakat	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
first	B-ORDINAL
vice	O
president	O
at	O
Shearson	B-ORG
Lehman	I-ORG
Hutton	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


He	O
predicted	O
that	O
the	O
November	B-DATE
contract	O
will	O
reach	O
$	O
21.50	B-MONEY
a	O
barrel	O
or	O
more	O
on	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Mercantile	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
.	O


There	O
has	O
been	O
little	O
news	O
to	O
account	O
for	O
such	O
buoyancy	O
in	O
the	O
oil	O
markets	O
.	O


Analysts	O
generally	O
cite	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
bearish	O
developments	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
rumors	O
of	O
a	O
possible	O
tightening	O
of	O
supplies	O
of	O
some	O
fuels	O
and	O
crudes	O
.	O


There	O
also	O
are	O
recurring	O
reports	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
is	O
having	O
difficulties	O
with	O
its	O
oil	O
exports	O
and	O
that	O
Nigeria	B-GPE
has	O
about	O
reached	O
its	O
production	O
limit	O
and	O
ca	O
n't	O
produce	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
it	O
could	O
sell	O
.	O


Many	O
traders	O
foresee	O
a	O
tightening	O
of	O
near	O
-	O
term	O
supplies	O
,	O
particularly	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
quality	O
crudes	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
produced	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
North	I-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
and	O
in	O
Nigeria	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
a	O
hostile	O
predator	O
emerges	O
for	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Saatchi	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
co-founders	O
Charles	B-PERSON
and	O
Maurice	B-PERSON
Saatchi	I-PERSON
will	O
lead	O
a	O
management	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
attempt	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
.	O


Financing	O
for	O
any	O
takeover	O
attempt	O
may	O
be	O
problematic	O
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
stock	O
-	O
market	O
sell	O
-	O
off	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
and	O
turmoil	O
in	O
the	O
junk	O
-	O
bond	O
market	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
beleaguered	O
British	B-NORP
advertising	O
and	O
consulting	O
giant	O
,	O
which	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
named	O
a	O
new	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
to	O
replace	O
Maurice	B-PERSON
Saatchi	I-PERSON
,	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
intense	O
takeover	O
speculation	O
for	O
weeks	B-DATE
.	O


Last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
's	O
largest	O
shareholder	O
,	O
Southeastern	B-ORG
Asset	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
it	O
had	O
been	O
approached	O
by	O
one	B-CARDINAL
or	O
more	O
third	B-ORDINAL
parties	O
interested	O
in	O
a	O
possible	O
restructuring	O
.	O


And	O
Carl	B-PERSON
Spielvogel	I-PERSON
,	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
of	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
's	O
big	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
Bates	I-ORG
advertising	O
unit	O
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
offered	O
to	O
lead	O
a	O
management	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
rebuffed	O
by	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Saatchi	I-PERSON
.	O


Mr.	O
Spielvogel	B-PERSON
said	O
he	O
would	O
n't	O
launch	O
a	O
hostile	O
bid	O
.	O


The	O
executive	O
close	O
to	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Saatchi	I-ORG
said	O
that	O
``	O
if	O
a	O
bidder	O
came	O
up	O
with	O
a	O
ludicrously	O
high	O
offer	O
,	O
a	O
crazy	O
offer	O
which	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
knew	O
it	O
could	O
n't	O
beat	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
no	O
choice	O
but	O
to	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
shareholders	O
.	O


But	O
-LCB-	O
otherwise	O
-RCB-	O
it	O
would	O
undoubtedly	O
come	O
back	O
''	O
with	O
an	O
offer	O
by	O
management	O
.	O


The	O
executive	O
said	O
any	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
would	O
be	O
led	O
by	O
the	O
current	O
board	O
,	O
whose	O
chairman	O
is	O
Maurice	B-PERSON
Saatchi	I-PERSON
and	O
whose	O
strategic	O
guiding	O
force	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Saatchi	I-PERSON
.	O


Mr.	O
Spielvogel	B-PERSON
is	O
n't	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
board	O
,	O
nor	O
are	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
heads	O
of	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
's	O
big	O
U.S.	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
ad	O
agencies	O
.	O


The	O
executive	O
did	O
n't	O
name	O
any	O
price	O
,	O
but	O
securities	O
analysts	O
have	O
said	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
would	O
fetch	O
upward	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
1.3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


The	O
executive	O
denied	O
speculation	O
that	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
was	O
bringing	O
in	O
the	O
new	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
only	O
to	O
clean	O
up	O
the	O
company	O
financially	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
brothers	O
could	O
lead	O
a	O
buy	O
-	O
back	O
.	O


That	O
speculation	O
abounded	O
Friday	B-DATE
as	O
industry	O
executives	O
analyzed	O
the	O
appointment	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
chief	O
executive	O
,	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Louis	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Dreyfus	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
joins	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
and	O
becomes	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
its	O
board	O
on	O
Jan.	B-DATE
1	I-DATE
.	O


Mr.	O
Louis	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Dreyfus	I-PERSON
,	O
formerly	O
chief	O
executive	O
of	O
the	O
pharmaceutical	O
research	O
firm	O
IMS	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
has	O
a	O
reputation	O
as	O
a	O
savvy	O
financial	O
manager	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
charged	O
largely	O
with	O
repairing	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
's	O
poor	O
financial	O
state	O
.	O


Asked	O
about	O
the	O
speculation	O
that	O
Mr.	O
Louis	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Dreyfus	I-PERSON
has	O
been	O
hired	O
to	O
pave	O
the	O
way	O
for	O
a	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
by	O
the	O
brothers	O
,	O
the	O
executive	O
replied	O
,	O
``	O
That	O
is	O
n't	O
the	O
reason	O
Dreyfus	B-PERSON
has	O
been	O
brought	O
in	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
brought	O
in	O
to	O
turn	O
around	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
''	O


Separately	O
,	O
several	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
agency	O
clients	O
said	O
they	O
believe	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
management	O
shakeup	O
will	O
have	O
little	O
affect	O
on	O
them	O
.	O


``	O
It	O
has	O
n't	O
had	O
any	O
impact	O
on	O
us	O
,	O
nor	O
do	O
we	O
expect	O
it	O
to	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
a	O
spokeswoman	O
for	O
Miller	B-ORG
Brewing	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
major	O
client	O
of	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
.	O


John	B-PERSON
Lampe	I-PERSON
,	O
director	O
of	O
advertising	O
at	O
PaineWebber	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Saatchi	I-ORG
Advertising	I-ORG
client	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
no	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
announcement	O
,	O
because	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
what	O
change	O
it	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
bring	O
about	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
n't	O
going	O
to	O
change	O
agencies	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
London	B-GPE
.	O
''	O


Executives	O
at	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
client	O
Avis	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
at	O
Saatchi	B-ORG
client	O
Philips	B-ORG
Lighting	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
also	O
said	O
they	O
saw	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O


Executives	O
at	O
Prudential	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Bache	I-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
client	O
that	O
is	O
reviewing	O
its	O
account	O
,	O
declined	O
comment	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Spielvogel	B-PERSON
had	O
said	O
that	O
Prudential	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Bache	I-ORG
was	O
prepared	O
to	O
finance	O
either	O
a	O
management	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
and	O
restructuring	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
buy	O
-	O
out	O
of	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
alone	O
,	O
led	O
by	O
him	O
.	O


Ad	O
Notes	O
...	O
.	O


NEW	O
ACCOUNT	O
:	O


California	B-GPE
's	O
Glendale	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
awarded	O
its	O
$	B-MONEY
12	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
to	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
15	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
account	O
to	O
the	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
office	O
of	O
Omnicom	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
BBDO	B-ORG
agency	O
.	O


The	O
account	O
was	O
previously	O
handled	O
by	O
Davis	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Ball	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Colombatto	I-ORG
Advertising	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Los	B-GPE
Angeles	I-GPE
agency	O
.	O


ACCOUNT	O
REVIEW	O
:	O


Royal	B-ORG
Crown	I-ORG
Cola	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
has	O
ended	O
its	O
relationship	O
with	O
the	O
Boston	B-GPE
office	O
of	O
Hill	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Holliday	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Connors	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Cosmopulos	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
account	O
had	O
billed	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
6	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
according	O
to	O
Leading	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Advertisers	I-ORG
.	O


NOT	O
-	O
GUILTY	O
PLEA	O
:	O


As	O
expected	O
,	O
Young	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Rubicam	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
along	O
with	O
two	B-CARDINAL
senior	O
executives	O
and	O
a	O
former	O
employee	O
,	O
pleaded	O
not	O
guilty	O
in	O
federal	O
court	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
Haven	I-GPE
,	O
Conn.	B-GPE
,	O
to	O
conspiracy	O
and	O
racketeering	O
charges	O
.	O


The	O
government	O
has	O
charged	O
that	O
they	O
bribed	O
Jamaican	B-NORP
officials	O
to	O
win	O
the	O
Jamaica	B-ORG
Tourist	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
ad	O
account	O
in	O
1981	B-DATE
.	O


A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Attorney	O
's	O
office	O
said	O
extradition	O
proceedings	O
are	O
``	O
just	O
beginning	O
''	O
for	O
the	O
other	O
two	B-CARDINAL
defendants	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
Eric	B-PERSON
Anthony	I-PERSON
Abrahams	I-PERSON
,	O
former	O
Jamaican	B-NORP
tourism	O
minister	O
,	O
and	O
Jamaican	B-NORP
businessman	O
Arnold	B-PERSON
Foote	I-PERSON
Jr	I-PERSON
.	O


KOREAN	B-NORP
AGENCY	O
:	O


The	B-ORG
Samsung	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
and	O
Bozell	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
agreed	O
to	O
establish	O
a	O
joint	O
venture	O
advertising	O
agency	O
in	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
.	O


Bozell	B-ORG
Cheil	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
as	O
the	O
new	O
agency	O
will	O
be	O
called	O
,	O
will	O
be	O
based	O
in	O
Seoul	B-GPE
and	O
is	O
70	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
owned	O
by	O
Samsung	B-ORG
and	O
30	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
owned	O
by	O
Bozell	B-ORG
.	O


Samsung	B-ORG
already	O
owns	O
Korea	B-ORG
First	I-ORG
Advertising	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
that	O
country	O
's	O
largest	O
agency	O
.	O


Bozell	B-ORG
joins	O
Backer	B-ORG
Spielvogel	I-ORG
Bates	I-ORG
and	O
Ogilvy	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
as	O
U.S.	B-GPE
agencies	O
with	O
interests	O
in	O
Korean	B-NORP
agencies	O
.	O


Southmark	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
said	O
that	O
it	O
filed	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
10	O
-	O
K	O
report	O
with	O
the	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
but	O
that	O
the	O
filing	O
does	O
n't	O
include	O
its	O
audited	O
financial	O
statements	O
and	O
related	O
information	O
.	O


The	O
real	O
estate	O
and	O
thrift	O
concern	O
,	O
operating	O
under	O
bankruptcy	O
-	O
law	O
proceedings	O
,	O
said	O
it	O
told	O
the	O
SEC	B-ORG
it	O
could	O
n't	O
provide	O
financial	O
statements	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
its	O
first	B-ORDINAL
extension	O
``	O
without	O
unreasonable	O
burden	O
or	O
expense	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
company	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
15	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
extension	O
Sept.	B-DATE
30	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
the	O
financial	O
reports	O
were	O
due	O
.	O


Southmark	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
plans	O
to	O
amend	O
its	O
10K	O
to	O
provide	O
financial	O
results	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
its	O
audit	O
is	O
completed	O
.	O


Alan	B-PERSON
Seelenfreund	I-PERSON
,	O
52	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
,	O
was	O
named	O
chairman	O
of	O
this	O
processor	O
of	O
prescription	O
claims	O
,	O
succeeding	O
Thomas	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Field	I-PERSON
Jr.	I-PERSON
,	O
55	B-DATE
,	O
who	O
resigned	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


Mr.	O
Field	B-PERSON
also	O
had	O
been	O
chairman	O
of	O
McKesson	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
resigning	O
that	O
post	O
after	O
a	O
dispute	O
with	O
the	O
board	O
over	O
corporate	O
strategy	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Seelenfreund	B-PERSON
is	O
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
and	O
chief	O
financial	O
officer	O
of	O
McKesson	B-ORG
and	O
will	O
continue	O
in	O
those	O
roles	O
.	O


PCS	B-ORG
also	O
named	O
Rex	B-PERSON
R.	I-PERSON
Malson	I-PERSON
,	O
57	B-DATE
,	O
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
at	O
McKesson	B-ORG
,	O
as	O
a	O
director	O
,	O
filling	O
the	O
seat	O
vacated	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Field	B-PERSON
.	O


Messrs.	O
Malson	B-PERSON
and	O
Seelenfreund	B-PERSON
are	O
directors	O
of	O
McKesson	B-ORG
,	O
which	O
has	O
an	O
86	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
PCS	B-ORG
.	O


General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
moves	O
that	O
angered	O
union	O
officials	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
Canada	B-GPE
,	O
has	O
signaled	O
that	O
as	B-CARDINAL
many	I-CARDINAL
as	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
North	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
assembly	O
plants	O
may	O
not	O
survive	O
the	B-DATE
mid-1990s	I-DATE
as	O
the	O
corporation	O
struggles	O
to	O
cut	O
its	O
excess	O
vehicle	O
-	O
making	O
capacity	O
.	O


In	O
announcements	O
to	O
workers	O
late	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
GM	B-ORG
effectively	O
signed	O
death	O
notices	O
for	O
two	B-CARDINAL
full	O
-	O
sized	O
van	O
assembly	O
plants	O
,	O
and	O
cast	O
serious	O
doubt	O
on	O
the	O
futures	O
of	O
three	B-CARDINAL
U.S.	B-GPE
car	O
factories	O
.	O


GM	B-ORG
is	O
under	O
intense	O
pressure	O
to	O
close	O
factories	O
that	O
became	O
unprofitable	O
as	O
the	O
giant	O
auto	O
maker	O
's	O
U.S.	B-GPE
market	O
share	O
skidded	O
during	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
company	O
,	O
currently	O
using	O
about	B-PERCENT
80	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
North	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
vehicle	O
capacity	O
,	O
has	O
vowed	O
it	O
will	O
run	O
at	O
100	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
capacity	O
by	O
1992	B-DATE
.	O


Just	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
GM	B-ORG
announced	O
it	O
would	O
make	O
an	O
aging	O
assembly	O
plant	O
in	O
Lakewood	B-GPE
,	O
Ga.	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
U.S.	B-GPE
assembly	O
facility	O
to	O
close	O
since	O
1987	B-DATE
.	O


Now	O
,	O
GM	B-ORG
appears	O
to	O
be	O
stepping	O
up	O
the	O
pace	O
of	O
its	O
factory	O
consolidation	O
to	O
get	O
in	O
shape	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
1990s	I-DATE
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
reason	O
is	O
mounting	O
competition	O
from	O
new	O
Japanese	B-NORP
car	O
plants	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
that	O
are	O
pouring	O
out	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
vehicles	O
a	O
year	O
at	O
costs	O
lower	O
than	O
GM	B-ORG
can	O
match	O
.	O


Another	O
is	O
that	O
United	B-ORG
Auto	I-ORG
Workers	I-ORG
union	O
officials	O
have	O
signaled	O
they	O
want	O
tighter	O
no	O
-	O
layoff	O
provisions	O
in	O
the	O
new	O
Big	O
Three	O
national	O
contract	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
negotiated	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


GM	B-ORG
officials	O
want	O
to	O
get	O
their	O
strategy	O
to	O
reduce	O
capacity	O
and	O
the	O
work	O
force	O
in	O
place	O
before	O
those	O
talks	O
begin	O
.	O


The	O
problem	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
is	O
that	O
GM	B-ORG
's	O
moves	O
are	O
coming	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
when	O
UAW	B-ORG
leaders	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
silence	O
dissidents	O
who	O
charge	O
the	O
union	O
is	O
too	O
passive	O
in	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
GM	B-ORG
layoffs	O
.	O


Against	O
that	O
backdrop	O
,	O
UAW	B-ORG
Vice	O
President	O
Stephen	B-PERSON
P.	I-PERSON
Yokich	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
recently	O
became	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
union	O
's	O
GM	B-ORG
department	O
,	O
issued	O
a	O
statement	O
Friday	B-DATE
blasting	O
GM	B-ORG
's	O
``	O
flagrant	O
insensitivity	O
''	O
toward	O
union	O
members	O
.	O


The	O
auto	O
maker	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
let	O
word	O
of	O
the	O
latest	O
shutdowns	O
and	O
product	O
reassignments	O
trickle	O
out	O
in	O
separate	O
communiques	O
to	O
the	O
affected	O
plants	O
showed	O
``	O
disarray	O
''	O
and	O
an	O
``	O
inability	O
or	O
unwillingness	O
to	O
provide	O
consistent	O
information	O
,	O
''	O
Mr.	O
Yokich	B-PERSON
said	O
.	O


GM	B-ORG
officials	O
told	O
workers	O
late	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
of	O
the	O
following	O
moves	O
:	O
Production	O
of	O
full	O
-	O
sized	O
vans	O
will	O
be	O
consolidated	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
plant	O
in	O
Flint	B-GPE
,	O
Mich	B-GPE
.	O


That	O
means	O
two	B-CARDINAL
plants	O
--	O
one	O
in	O
Scarborough	B-GPE
,	O
Ontario	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
in	O
Lordstown	B-GPE
,	O
Ohio	B-GPE
--	O
probably	O
will	O
be	O
shut	O
down	O
after	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1991	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
shutdowns	O
will	O
idle	O
about	B-CARDINAL
3,000	I-CARDINAL
Canadian	B-NORP
assembly	O
workers	O
and	O
about	B-CARDINAL
2,500	I-CARDINAL
workers	O
in	O
Ohio	B-GPE
.	O


Robert	B-PERSON
White	I-PERSON
,	O
Canadian	B-ORG
Auto	I-ORG
Workers	I-ORG
union	O
president	O
,	O
used	O
the	O
impending	O
Scarborough	B-GPE
shutdown	O
to	O
criticize	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
-	O
Canada	O
free	O
trade	O
agreement	O
and	O
its	O
champion	O
,	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Brian	B-PERSON
Mulroney	I-PERSON
.	O


But	O
Canadian	B-NORP
auto	O
workers	O
may	O
benefit	O
from	O
a	O
separate	O
GM	B-ORG
move	O
that	O
affects	O
three	B-CARDINAL
U.S.	B-GPE
car	O
plants	O
and	O
one	B-CARDINAL
in	O
Quebec	B-GPE
.	O


Workers	O
at	O
plants	O
in	O
Van	B-GPE
Nuys	I-GPE
,	O
Calif.	B-GPE
,	O
Oklahoma	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
and	O
Pontiac	B-GPE
,	O
Mich.	B-GPE
,	O
were	O
told	O
their	O
facilities	O
are	O
no	O
longer	O
being	O
considered	O
to	O
build	O
the	O
next	O
generation	O
of	O
the	O
Pontiac	B-ORG
Firebird	B-PRODUCT
and	O
Chevrolet	B-ORG
Camaro	B-PRODUCT
muscle	O
cars	O
.	O


GM	B-ORG
is	O
studying	O
whether	O
it	O
can	O
build	O
the	O
new	O
Camaro	B-PRODUCT
-	I-PRODUCT
Firebird	I-PRODUCT
profitably	O
at	O
a	O
plant	O
in	O
St.	B-GPE
Therese	I-GPE
,	O
Quebec	B-GPE
,	O
company	O
and	O
union	O
officials	O
said	O
.	O


That	O
announcement	O
left	O
union	O
officials	O
in	O
Van	B-GPE
Nuys	I-GPE
and	O
Oklahoma	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
uncertain	O
about	O
their	O
futures	O
.	O


The	O
Van	B-GPE
Nuys	I-GPE
plant	O
,	O
which	O
employs	O
about	B-CARDINAL
3,000	I-CARDINAL
workers	O
,	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
product	O
to	O
build	O
after	O
1993	B-DATE
.	O


Jerry	B-PERSON
Shrieves	I-PERSON
,	O
UAW	B-ORG
local	O
president	O
,	O
said	O
the	O
facility	O
was	O
asked	O
to	O
draw	O
up	O
plans	O
to	O
continue	O
working	O
as	O
a	O
``	O
flex	O
plant	O
,	O
''	O
which	O
could	O
build	O
several	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
products	O
on	O
short	O
notice	O
to	O
satisfy	O
demand	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
Oklahoma	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
plant	O
,	O
which	O
employs	O
about	B-CARDINAL
6,000	I-CARDINAL
workers	O
building	O
the	O
eight	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
A	O
-	O
body	O
mid-sized	O
cars	O
,	O
Steve	B-PERSON
Featherston	I-PERSON
,	O
UAW	B-ORG
local	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
said	O
the	O
plant	O
has	O
no	O
new	O
product	O
lined	O
up	O
,	O
and	O
``	O
none	O
of	O
us	O
knows	O
''	O
when	O
the	O
A	O
-	O
body	O
cars	O
will	O
die	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
he	O
believes	O
GM	B-ORG
has	O
plans	O
to	O
keep	O
building	O
A	O
-	O
body	O
cars	O
into	O
the	B-DATE
mid-1990s	I-DATE
.	O


At	O
Pontiac	B-ORG
,	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
Camaro	B-PRODUCT
-	I-PRODUCT
Firebird	I-PRODUCT
decision	O
appears	O
to	O
erase	O
UAW	B-ORG
hopes	O
that	O
GM	B-ORG
would	O
reopen	O
the	O
shuttered	O
assembly	O
plant	O
that	O
last	O
built	O
the	O
plastic	O
-	O
bodied	O
,	O
two	O
-	O
seater	O
Pontiac	B-ORG
Fiero	I-ORG
model	O
.	O


The	O
Fiero	B-ORG
plant	O
was	O
viewed	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
union	O
-	O
management	O
cooperation	O
at	O
GM	B-ORG
before	O
slow	O
sales	O
of	O
the	O
Fiero	B-ORG
forced	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
close	O
the	O
factory	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Union	O
officials	O
have	O
taken	O
a	O
beating	O
politically	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
.	O


Dissident	O
UAW	B-ORG
members	O
have	O
used	O
the	O
Fiero	B-ORG
plant	O
as	O
a	O
symbol	O
of	O
labor	O
-	O
management	O
cooperation	O
's	O
failure	O
.	O


Weatherford	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
canceled	O
plans	O
for	O
a	O
preferred	O
-	O
stock	O
swap	O
but	O
may	O
resume	O
payment	O
of	O
dividends	O
on	O
the	O
stock	O
,	O
and	O
added	O
that	O
it	O
expects	O
to	O
publicly	O
offer	O
about	B-CARDINAL
10	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
common	O
shares	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
planned	O
to	O
offer	O
an	O
undetermined	O
number	O
of	O
common	O
shares	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
the	O
585,000	B-CARDINAL
shares	O
of	O
its	O
preferred	O
stock	O
outstanding	O
.	O


The	O
exchange	O
ratio	O
was	O
never	O
established	O
.	O


Weatherford	B-ORG
said	O
market	O
conditions	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
cancellation	O
of	O
the	O
planned	O
exchange	O
.	O


The	O
energy	O
-	O
services	O
concern	O
said	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
that	O
in	O
January	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
,	O
it	O
may	O
resume	O
payments	O
of	O
dividends	O
on	O
the	O
preferred	O
stock	O
.	O


Weatherford	B-ORG
suspended	O
its	O
preferred	O
-	O
dividend	O
payment	O
in	O
October	B-DATE
1985	I-DATE
and	O
said	O
it	O
has	O
n't	O
any	O
plans	O
to	O
catch	O
up	O
on	O
dividends	O
in	O
arrears	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
6	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
,	O
but	O
will	O
do	O
so	O
some	O
time	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
filed	O
with	O
the	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
for	O
the	O
proposed	O
offering	O
of	O
10	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
shares	O
of	O
common	O
stock	O
,	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
offered	O
in	O
November	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
company	O
said	O
Salomon	B-ORG
Brothers	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
Howard	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Weil	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Labouisse	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Friedrichs	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
underwriters	O
for	O
the	O
offering	O
,	O
were	O
granted	O
an	O
option	O
to	O
buy	O
as	B-CARDINAL
much	I-CARDINAL
as	I-CARDINAL
an	I-CARDINAL
additional	I-CARDINAL
1.5	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
shares	O
to	O
cover	O
over	O
-	O
allotments	O
.	O


Proceeds	O
will	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
eliminate	O
and	O
restructure	O
bank	O
debt	O
.	O


Weatherford	B-ORG
currently	O
has	O
approximately	B-CARDINAL
11.1	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
common	O
shares	O
outstanding	O
.	O


The	O
Bronx	B-GPE
has	O
a	O
wonderful	O
botanical	O
garden	O
,	O
a	O
great	O
zoo	O
,	O
its	O
own	O
charming	O
Little	B-LOC
Italy	I-LOC
-LRB-	O
on	O
Arthur	B-FAC
Avenue	I-FAC
-RRB-	O
and	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
.	O


However	O
,	O
most	O
people	O
,	O
having	O
been	O
subjected	O
to	O
news	O
footage	O
of	O
the	O
devastated	O
South	B-GPE
Bronx	I-GPE
,	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
borough	O
the	O
way	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Wolfe	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
Sherman	B-PERSON
McCoy	I-PERSON
did	O
in	O
``	O
Bonfire	B-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Vanities	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
--	O
as	O
a	O
wrong	O
turn	O
into	O
hell	O
.	O


But	O
Laura	B-PERSON
Cunningham	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
Bronx	B-GPE
,	O
her	O
childhood	O
Bronx	B-GPE
of	O
the	O
'50s	B-DATE
,	O
is	O
something	O
else	O
altogether	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
lovely	O
,	O
novelistic	O
memoir	O
,	O
``	O
Sleeping	B-WORK_OF_ART
Arrangements	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
-LRB-	O
Knopf	B-ORG
,	O
195	B-CARDINAL
pages	O
,	O
$	O
18.95	B-MONEY
-RRB-	O
,	O
she	O
remembers	O
an	O
exotic	O
playground	O
,	O
peopled	O
mainly	O
by	O
Jewish	B-NORP
eccentrics	O
and	O
the	O
occasional	O
Catholic	B-NORP
-LRB-	O
real	O
oddballs	O
like	O
her	O
sexpot	O
friend	O
,	O
the	O
hell	O
-	O
kitten	O
Diana	B-PERSON
,	O
age	O
five	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
.	O


Ms.	O
Cunningham	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
novelist	O
and	O
playwright	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
vivid	O
and	O
dramatically	O
outsized	O
sense	O
of	O
recall	O
.	O


She	O
transforms	O
her	O
``	O
Bronx	B-GPE
of	O
the	O
emotions	O
,	O
a	O
place	O
where	O
the	O
flats	O
of	O
mediocrity	O
are	O
only	O
relieved	O
by	O
steep	O
descents	O
into	O
hysteria	O
''	O
into	O
the	B-GPE
``	I-GPE
Babylonian	I-GPE
Bronx	I-GPE
,	O
''	O
a	O
world	O
simmering	O
with	O
sex	O
and	O
death	O
and	O
intrigue	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-GPE
Babylonian	I-GPE
Bronx	I-GPE
,	O
Jewish	B-NORP
working	O
-	O
class	O
people	O
lived	O
in	O
drab	O
,	O
Soviet	B-NORP
-	O
style	O
buildings	O
``	O
glamorized	O
''	O
with	O
names	O
like	O
AnaMor	B-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
-LRB-	O
after	O
owners	O
Anna	B-PERSON
and	O
Morris	B-PERSON
Snezak	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O
,	O
whose	O
lobbies	O
and	O
hallways	O
were	O
decorated	O
with	O
murals	O
of	O
ancient	O
Syrians	B-NORP
and	O
Greeks	B-NORP
,	O
friezes	O
of	O
Pompeii	B-GPE
.	O


For	O
Ms.	O
Cunningham	B-PERSON
the	O
architectural	O
discombobulation	O
matched	O
the	O
discrepancy	O
she	O
felt	O
living	O
in	O
the	B-FAC
AnaMor	I-FAC
Towers	I-FAC
as	O
a	O
little	O
girl	O
:	O
``	O
...	O
outwardly	O
ordinary	O
,	O
inwardly	O
ornate	O
,	O
owing	O
all	O
inspiration	O
to	O
heathen	O
cultures	O
.	O
''	O


Sharp	O
-	O
witted	O
and	O
funny	O
but	O
never	O
mean	O
,	O
she	O
's	O
a	O
memorialist	O
a	O
bit	O
like	O
Truman	B-PERSON
Capote	I-PERSON
,	O
if	O
he	O
'd	O
been	O
Jewish	B-NORP
and	O
female	O
and	O
less	O
bitchy	O
.	O


Little	B-PERSON
Lily	I-PERSON
,	O
as	O
Ms.	O
Cunningham	B-PERSON
calls	O
herself	O
in	O
the	O
book	O
,	O
really	O
was	O
n't	O
ordinary	O
.	O


She	O
was	O
raised	O
,	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
eight	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
her	O
mother	O
,	O
Rosie	B-PERSON
,	O
whom	O
she	O
remembers	O
as	O
a	O
loving	O
liar	O
,	O
who	O
realigned	O
history	O
to	O
explain	O
why	O
Lily	B-PERSON
's	O
father	O
did	O
n't	O
live	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


Rosie	B-PERSON
reinvented	O
this	O
man	O
,	O
who	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
have	O
known	O
about	O
his	O
child	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
war	O
hero	O
for	O
Lily	B-PERSON
's	O
benefit	O
.	O


Rosie	B-PERSON
died	O
young	O
and	O
Lily	B-PERSON
has	O
remembered	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
romantic	O
figure	O
,	O
who	O
did	O
n't	O
interfere	O
much	O
with	O
her	O
child	O
's	O
education	O
on	O
the	O
streets	O
.	O


The	O
games	O
Bronx	B-GPE
children	O
played	O
-LRB-	O
holding	O
kids	O
down	O
and	O
stripping	O
them	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
-RRB-	O
seem	O
tame	O
by	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
crack	O
standards	O
,	O
but	O
Ms.	O
Cunningham	B-PERSON
makes	O
it	O
all	O
sound	O
like	O
a	O
great	O
adventure	O
.	O


``	O
Without	O
official	O
knowledge	O
of	O
sex	O
or	O
death	O
,	O
we	O
flirted	O
with	O
both	O
,	O
''	O
she	O
writes	O
.	O


She	O
analyzed	O
families	O
by	O
their	O
sleeping	O
arrangements	O
.	O


Her	O
friend	O
Susan	B-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
parents	O
kept	O
reminding	O
her	O
she	O
was	O
unwanted	O
,	O
slept	O
on	O
a	O
narrow	O
bed	O
wedged	O
into	O
her	O
parents	O
'	O
bedroom	O
,	O
as	O
though	O
she	O
were	O
a	O
temporary	O
visitor	O
.	O


Her	O
friend	O
Diana	B-PERSON
's	O
father	O
was	O
a	O
professional	O
thief	O
;	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
any	O
bedrooms	O
at	O
all	O
.	O


Maybe	O
Lily	B-PERSON
became	O
so	O
obsessed	O
with	O
where	O
people	O
slept	O
and	O
how	O
because	O
her	O
own	O
arrangements	O
kept	O
shifting	O
.	O


When	O
Rosie	B-PERSON
died	O
,	O
her	O
uncles	O
moved	O
in	O
--	O
and	O
let	O
her	O
make	O
the	O
sleeping	O
and	O
other	O
household	O
arrangements	O
.	O


They	O
painted	O
the	O
apartment	O
orange	O
,	O
pink	O
and	O
white	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
her	O
instructions	O
.	O


With	O
loving	O
detail	O
she	O
recalls	O
her	O
Uncle	B-PERSON
Gabe	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
Orthodox	B-NORP
Jew	I-NORP
and	O
song	O
lyricist	O
-LRB-	O
who	O
rhymed	O
river	O
with	O
liver	O
in	O
a	O
love	O
song	O
-RRB-	O
;	O
and	O
Uncle	B-PERSON
Len	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
mysterious	O
part	O
-	O
time	O
investigator	O
who	O
looked	O
like	O
Lincoln	B-PERSON
and	O
carried	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
clothing	O
in	O
a	O
Manila	O
envelope	O
,	O
like	O
an	O
``	O
undercover	O
President	O
on	O
a	O
good	O
-	O
will	O
mission	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
came	O
by	O
their	O
strangeness	O
honestly	O
.	O


Lily	B-PERSON
's	O
grandmother	O
,	O
no	O
cookie	O
baker	O
,	O
excised	O
the	O
heads	O
of	O
disliked	O
relatives	O
from	O
the	O
family	O
album	O
,	O
and	O
lugged	O
around	O
her	O
perennial	O
work	O
-	O
in	O
-	O
progress	O
,	O
``	O
Philosophy	B-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
Women	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


The	O
book	O
loses	O
some	O
momentum	O
toward	O
the	O
end	O
,	O
when	O
Lily	B-PERSON
becomes	O
more	O
preoccupied	O
with	O
dating	O
boys	O
and	O
less	O
with	O
her	O
delightfully	O
weird	O
family	O
.	O


For	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
's	O
much	O
pleasure	O
in	O
her	O
saucy	O
,	O
poignant	O
probe	O
into	O
the	O
mysteries	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Babylonian	I-GPE
Bronx	I-GPE
.	O


The	O
Bronx	B-GPE
also	O
figures	O
in	O
Bruce	B-PERSON
Jay	I-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
latest	O
novel	O
,	O
which	O
flashes	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
New	I-GPE
York	I-GPE
of	O
the	O
'50s	B-DATE
.	O


But	O
both	O
the	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
worlds	O
of	O
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Current	I-WORK_OF_ART
Climate	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
-LRB-	O
Atlantic	B-ORG
Monthly	I-ORG
Press	I-ORG
,	O
200	B-CARDINAL
pages	O
,	O
$	O
18.95	B-MONEY
-RRB-	O
feel	O
cramped	O
and	O
static	O
.	O


For	O
his	O
sixth	B-ORDINAL
novel	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Friedman	B-PERSON
tried	O
to	O
resuscitate	O
the	O
protagonist	O
of	O
his	O
1972	B-DATE
work	O
,	O
``	O
About	B-WORK_OF_ART
Harry	I-WORK_OF_ART
Towns	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


Harry	B-PERSON
is	O
now	O
a	O
57	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
writer	O
,	O
whose	O
continuing	O
flirtation	O
with	O
drugs	O
and	O
marginal	O
types	O
in	O
Hollywood	B-GPE
and	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
seems	O
quaintly	O
out	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
synch	O
.	O


Harry	B-PERSON
fondly	O
remembers	O
the	B-DATE
``	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
''	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
early	I-DATE
'70s	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
people	O
like	O
his	O
friend	O
Travis	B-PERSON
would	O
take	O
a	O
psychiatrist	O
on	O
a	O
date	O
to	O
analyze	O
what	O
Travis	B-PERSON
was	O
doing	O
wrong	O
.	O


``	O
An	O
L.A.	B-GPE
solution	O
,	O
''	O
explains	O
Mr.	O
Friedman	B-PERSON
.	O


Line	O
by	O
line	O
Mr.	O
Friedman	B-PERSON
's	O
weary	O
cynicism	O
can	O
be	O
amusing	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
he	O
's	O
riffing	O
on	O
the	O
Hollywood	B-GPE
social	O
scheme	O
--	O
the	O
way	O
people	O
size	O
each	O
other	O
up	O
,	O
immediately	O
canceling	O
the	O
desperate	O
ones	O
who	O
merely	O
almost	O
made	O
it	O
.	O


Harry	B-PERSON
has	O
avoided	O
all	O
that	O
by	O
living	O
in	O
a	O
Long	B-LOC
Island	I-LOC
suburb	O
with	O
his	O
wife	O
,	O
who	O
's	O
so	O
addicted	O
to	O
soap	O
operas	O
and	O
mystery	O
novels	O
she	O
barely	O
seems	O
to	O
notice	O
when	O
her	O
husband	O
disappears	O
for	O
drug	O
-	O
seeking	O
forays	O
into	O
Manhattan	B-GPE
.	O


But	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
take	O
too	O
many	O
lines	O
to	O
figure	O
Harry	B-PERSON
out	O
.	O


He	O
's	O
a	O
bore	O
.	O


Gulf	B-ORG
Resources	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Chemical	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
agreed	O
to	O
pay	O
$	B-MONEY
1.5	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
as	O
part	O
of	O
an	O
accord	O
with	O
the	B-ORG
Environmental	I-ORG
Protection	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
regarding	O
an	O
environmental	O
cleanup	O
of	O
a	O
defunct	O
smelter	O
the	O
company	O
formerly	O
operated	O
in	O
Idaho	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
1984	B-DATE
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
notified	O
Gulf	B-ORG
Resources	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
part	O
-	O
owner	O
of	O
the	O
smelter	O
,	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
potentially	O
liable	O
for	O
sharing	O
cleanup	O
costs	O
at	O
the	O
site	O
under	O
the	O
federal	O
Superfund	B-ORG
program	O
.	O


The	O
21	B-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
mile	I-QUANTITY
area	O
is	O
contaminated	O
with	O
lead	O
,	O
zinc	O
and	O
other	O
metals	O
.	O


Gulf	B-ORG
Resources	I-ORG
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
proposed	O
a	O
reorganization	O
plan	O
that	O
would	O
make	O
it	O
a	O
unit	O
of	O
a	O
Bermuda	B-GPE
concern	O
,	O
potentially	O
exempting	O
it	O
from	O
liability	O
for	O
the	O
smelter	O
's	O
cleanup	O
costs	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
said	O
that	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
agreement	O
with	O
the	O
EPA	B-ORG
,	O
it	O
``	O
made	O
certain	O
voluntary	O
undertakings	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
intercorporate	O
transactions	O
entered	O
into	O
after	O
the	O
reorganization	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
company	O
,	O
which	O
issued	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
the	O
agreement	O
late	B-DATE
Friday	I-DATE
,	O
said	O
that	O
$	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
the	O
payment	O
was	O
previously	O
provided	O
for	O
in	O
its	O
financial	O
statements	O
and	O
that	O
$	O
500,000	B-MONEY
will	O
be	O
recognized	O
in	O
its	O
1989	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
statement	O
.	O


The	O
agreement	O
and	O
consent	O
decree	O
are	O
subject	O
to	O
court	O
approval	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
.	O


Gulf	B-ORG
Resources	I-ORG
added	O
that	O
it	O
``	O
will	O
seek	O
to	O
recover	O
equitable	O
contribution	O
from	O
others	O
for	O
both	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
the	O
settlement	O
and	O
any	O
other	O
liabilities	O
it	O
may	O
incur	O
under	O
the	O
Superfund	B-ORG
law	O
.	O
''	O


Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
Gulf	B-ORG
must	O
give	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
government	O
45	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
'	I-DATE
advance	O
written	O
notice	O
before	O
issuing	O
any	O
dividends	O
on	O
common	O
stock	O
.	O


The	O
company	O
's	O
net	O
worth	O
can	O
not	O
fall	O
below	O
$	B-MONEY
185	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
after	O
the	O
dividends	O
are	O
issued	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
terms	O
of	O
that	O
agreement	O
only	O
become	O
effective	O
the	B-DATE
date	I-DATE
of	O
Gulf	B-ORG
's	O
reorganization	O
,	O
which	O
we	O
anticipate	O
will	O
occur	O
sometime	O
in	O
early	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
,	O
''	O
said	O
Lawrence	B-PERSON
R.	I-PERSON
Mehl	I-PERSON
,	O
Gulf	B-ORG
's	O
general	O
counsel	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
Gulf	B-ORG
must	O
give	O
the	O
government	O
20	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
'	I-DATE
advance	O
written	O
notice	O
of	O
any	O
loans	O
exceeding	O
$	B-MONEY
50	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
that	O
are	O
made	O
to	O
the	O
Bermuda	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
holding	O
company	O
.	O


Gulf	B-ORG
's	O
net	O
worth	O
after	O
those	O
transaction	O
must	O
be	O
at	B-MONEY
least	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
150	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Separately	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
expects	O
to	O
hold	O
a	O
special	O
meeting	O
for	O
shareholders	O
in	O
early	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
to	O
vote	O
on	O
its	O
proposed	O
reorganization	O
.	O


The	O
real	O
estate	O
slump	O
that	O
's	O
pushing	O
down	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
office	O
space	O
and	O
housing	O
is	O
also	O
affecting	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
retail	O
real	O
estate	O
market	O
.	O


In	O
Manhattan	B-GPE
,	O
once	O
-	O
desirable	O
store	O
sites	O
sit	O
vacant	O
and	O
newly	O
constructed	O
space	O
has	O
been	O
slow	O
to	O
fill	O
.	O


Retail	O
real	O
estate	O
brokers	O
say	O
tenants	O
are	O
reluctant	O
to	O
sign	O
leases	O
because	O
of	O
uncertainty	O
about	O
the	O
local	O
economy	O
,	O
turmoil	O
in	O
their	O
own	O
industries	O
and	O
a	O
belief	O
that	O
rents	O
have	O
not	O
yet	O
hit	O
bottom	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
is	O
an	O
unbelievable	O
amount	O
of	O
space	O
available	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Faith	B-PERSON
Consolo	I-PERSON
,	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
at	O
Garrick	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Aug	I-ORG
Associates	I-ORG
Store	I-ORG
Leasing	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


There	O
are	O
about	B-CARDINAL
2,000	I-CARDINAL
stores	O
for	O
rent	O
,	O
up	O
from	O
a	O
more	O
typical	O
range	O
of	O
1,200	B-CARDINAL
to	O
1,500	B-CARDINAL
.	O


``	O
This	O
further	O
confuses	O
retailers	O
,	O
''	O
she	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
They	O
wonder	O
should	O
they	O
sign	O
a	O
lease	O
if	O
prices	O
are	O
still	O
coming	O
down	O
?	O


Is	O
this	O
the	O
wrong	O
time	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
store	O
?	O


Who	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
space	O
next	O
door	O
?	O
''	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
Ms.	O
Consolo	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
tenants	O
usually	O
can	O
negotiate	O
to	O
pay	O
rents	O
that	O
are	O
about	B-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
quarter	I-CARDINAL
lower	O
than	O
landlords	O
'	O
initial	O
asking	O
price	O
.	O


A	O
handful	O
of	O
hot	O
retail	O
locations	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
57th	B-FAC
Street	I-FAC
and	O
Madison	B-FAC
and	O
Fifth	B-FAC
Avenue	I-FAC
areas	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
sustain	O
what	O
many	O
see	O
as	O
astronomical	O
rents	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
in	O
some	O
neighborhoods	O
,	O
rents	O
have	O
merely	O
hit	O
a	O
plateau	O
.	O


But	O
on	O
average	O
,	O
Manhattan	B-GPE
retail	O
rents	O
have	O
dropped	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
15	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
six	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
alone	O
,	O
experts	O
say	O
.	O


That	O
follows	O
a	O
more	O
subtle	O
decline	O
in	O
the	O
prior	O
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
after	O
Manhattan	B-GPE
rents	O
had	O
run	O
up	O
rapidly	O
since	O
1986	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
same	O
factors	O
limiting	O
demand	O
for	O
office	O
space	O
have	O
affected	O
retailing	O
.	O


``	O
As	O
businesses	O
contract	O
or	O
depart	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
employees	O
who	O
might	O
use	O
retail	O
services	O
shrinks	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Edward	B-PERSON
A.	I-PERSON
Friedman	I-PERSON
,	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
Helmsley	B-ORG
Spear	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


He	O
says	O
financial	O
problems	O
plaguing	O
electronics	O
,	O
fur	O
and	O
furniture	O
companies	O
--	O
key	O
categories	O
in	O
the	O
local	O
retail	O
economy	O
--	O
have	O
further	O
deflated	O
the	O
market	O
.	O


Hardest	O
hit	O
are	O
what	O
he	O
calls	O
``	O
secondary	O
''	O
sites	O
that	O
primarily	O
serve	O
neighborhood	O
residents	O
.	O


In	O
these	O
locations	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Friedman	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
``	O
Retailers	O
are	O
increasingly	O
cautious	O
about	O
expanding	O
and	O
rents	O
have	O
remained	O
steady	O
or	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
have	O
declined	O
.	O
''	O


Weakness	O
in	O
the	O
restaurant	O
industry	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
leaving	O
retail	O
space	O
vacant	O
,	O
exacerbates	O
the	O
problem	O
for	O
landlords	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
also	O
no	O
comfort	O
to	O
landlords	O
and	O
small	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
retailers	O
when	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
larger	O
department	O
stores	O
,	O
which	O
anchor	O
retail	O
neighborhoods	O
,	O
are	O
in	O
doubt	O
.	O


Hooker	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
parent	O
of	O
Bonwit	B-ORG
Teller	I-ORG
and	O
B.	B-ORG
Altman	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
,	O
is	O
mired	O
in	O
bankruptcy	O
proceedings	O
and	O
Bloomingdale	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
is	O
for	O
sale	O
by	O
its	O
owner	O
,	O
Campeau	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
trend	O
toward	O
lower	O
rents	O
may	O
seem	O
surprising	O
given	O
that	O
some	O
communities	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
are	O
bemoaning	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
favorite	O
local	O
businesses	O
to	O
high	O
rents	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
despite	O
the	O
recent	O
softening	O
,	O
for	O
many	O
of	O
these	O
retailers	O
there	O
's	O
still	O
been	O
too	O
big	O
a	O
jump	O
from	O
the	O
rental	O
rates	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
late	I-DATE
1970s	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
their	O
leases	O
were	O
signed	O
.	O


Certainly	O
,	O
the	O
recent	O
drop	O
in	O
prices	O
does	O
n't	O
mean	O
Manhattan	B-GPE
comes	O
cheap	O
.	O


New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
retail	O
rents	O
still	O
run	O
well	O
above	O
the	O
going	O
rate	O
in	O
other	O
U.S.	B-GPE
cities	O
.	O


Madison	B-FAC
and	O
Fifth	B-FAC
Avenues	I-FAC
and	O
East	B-FAC
57th	I-FAC
Street	I-FAC
can	O
command	O
rents	O
of	O
up	B-MONEY
to	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
500	I-MONEY
a	O
square	O
foot	O
,	O
and	O
$	O
250	B-MONEY
is	O
not	O
uncommon	O
.	O


The	O
thriving	O
34th	B-FAC
Street	I-FAC
area	O
offers	O
rents	O
of	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
100	I-MONEY
a	O
square	O
foot	O
,	O
as	O
do	O
up	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
coming	O
locations	O
along	O
lower	O
Fifth	B-FAC
Avenue	I-FAC
.	O


By	O
contrast	O
,	O
rentals	O
in	O
the	O
best	O
retail	O
locations	O
in	O
Boston	B-GPE
,	O
San	B-GPE
Francisco	I-GPE
and	O
Chicago	B-GPE
rarely	O
top	O
$	O
100	B-MONEY
a	O
square	O
foot	O
.	O


And	O
rents	O
on	O
Beverly	B-GPE
Hills	I-GPE
'	I-GPE
Rodeo	B-FAC
Drive	I-FAC
generally	O
do	O
n't	O
exceed	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
125	I-MONEY
a	O
square	O
foot	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
said	O
two	B-CARDINAL
securities	O
will	O
begin	O
trading	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
.	O


Precision	B-ORG
Castparts	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
Portland	B-GPE
,	O
Ore.	B-GPE
,	O
will	O
begin	O
trading	O
with	O
the	O
symbol	O
PCP	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
makes	O
investment	O
castings	O
and	O
has	O
traded	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
.	O


Royal	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Scotland	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
,	O
an	O
Edinburgh	B-GPE
,	O
Scotland	B-GPE
,	O
financial	O
services	O
company	O
,	O
will	O
list	O
American	B-NORP
depositary	O
shares	O
,	O
representing	O
preferred	O
shares	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
symbol	O
RBSPr	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
will	O
continue	O
to	O
trade	O
on	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
,	O
London	B-GPE
.	O


The	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
listed	O
shares	O
of	O
two	B-CARDINAL
companies	O
.	O


AIM	B-ORG
Telephones	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Parsippany	B-GPE
,	O
N.J.	B-GPE
,	O
telecommunications	O
equipment	O
supply	O
company	O
,	O
started	O
trading	O
with	O
the	O
symbol	O
AIM	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
had	O
traded	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
.	O


Columbia	B-ORG
Laboratories	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
Miami	B-GPE
,	O
began	O
trading	O
with	O
the	O
symbol	O
COB	B-ORG
.	O


The	O
pharmaceuticals	O
maker	O
had	O
traded	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Market	I-ORG
System	I-ORG
of	O
the	O
Nasdaq	B-ORG
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
market	O
listed	O
shares	O
of	O
one	B-CARDINAL
company	O
.	O


Employee	B-ORG
Benefit	I-ORG
Plans	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Minneapolis	B-GPE
health	O
-	O
care	O
services	O
company	O
,	O
was	O
listed	O
with	O
the	O
symbol	O
EBPI	B-ORG
.	O


When	O
Justice	O
William	B-PERSON
Brennan	I-PERSON
marks	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
his	O
34th	B-ORDINAL
year	B-DATE
on	O
the	B-ORG
Supreme	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
today	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
occasion	O
will	O
differ	O
sharply	O
from	O
previous	O
anniversaries	O
of	O
his	O
tenure	O
.	O


For	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
,	O
the	O
83	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
justice	O
finds	O
his	O
influence	O
almost	O
exclusively	O
in	O
dissent	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
as	O
a	O
force	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
court	O
's	O
majority	O
.	O


This	O
role	O
reversal	O
holds	O
true	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
for	O
his	O
three	B-CARDINAL
liberal	O
and	O
moderate	O
allies	O
,	O
Justices	O
Thurgood	B-PERSON
Marshall	I-PERSON
,	O
Harry	B-PERSON
Blackmun	I-PERSON
and	O
John	B-PERSON
Stevens	I-PERSON
.	O


But	O
are	O
these	O
four	B-CARDINAL
players	O
,	O
three	B-CARDINAL
of	O
them	O
in	O
their	O
80s	B-DATE
,	O
ready	O
to	O
assume	O
a	O
different	O
role	O
after	O
88	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
collectively	O
,	O
of	O
service	O
on	O
the	O
high	O
court	O
?	O


Every	O
indication	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
are	O
prepared	O
to	O
accept	O
this	O
new	O
role	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
frustrations	O
that	O
go	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
different	O
ways	O
.	O


Justices	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
and	O
Stevens	B-PERSON
appear	O
philosophical	O
about	O
it	O
;	O
Justices	O
Marshall	B-PERSON
and	O
Blackmun	B-PERSON
appear	O
fighting	O
mad	O
.	O


The	O
four	B-CARDINAL
justices	O
are	O
no	O
newcomers	O
to	O
dissent	O
,	O
often	O
joining	O
forces	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
decade	I-DATE
to	O
criticize	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
conservative	O
drift	O
.	O


But	O
always	O
,	O
in	O
years	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
,	O
they	O
have	O
bucked	O
the	O
trend	O
and	O
have	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
a	O
fifth	B-ORDINAL
vote	O
to	O
eke	O
out	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
major	O
victories	O
in	O
civil	O
rights	O
and	O
liberties	O
cases	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
new	O
five	B-CARDINAL
-	O
member	O
conservative	O
majority	O
continues	O
to	O
solidify	O
,	O
victories	O
for	O
the	O
liberals	O
are	O
rare	O
.	O


The	O
change	O
is	O
most	O
dramatic	O
for	O
Justice	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
last	O
survivor	O
of	O
the	O
mid-1960s	B-DATE
liberal	O
majority	O
under	O
Chief	O
Justice	O
Earl	B-PERSON
Warren	I-PERSON
.	O


In	O
the	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
Supreme	B-ORG
Court	I-ORG
terms	O
from	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
fall	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1962	I-DATE
through	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
spring	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1967	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
the	O
Warren	B-PERSON
Court	O
's	O
power	O
,	O
Justice	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
cast	O
only	B-CARDINAL
25	I-CARDINAL
dissenting	O
votes	O
in	O
555	B-CARDINAL
cases	O
decided	O
by	O
the	O
court	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
term	I-DATE
alone	O
he	O
cast	O
52	B-CARDINAL
dissenting	O
votes	O
in	O
133	B-CARDINAL
decisions	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
contentious	O
flag	O
-	O
burning	O
ruling	O
as	O
his	O
only	O
big	O
victory	O
.	O


But	O
Justice	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
foresaw	O
his	O
new	O
role	O
,	O
strongly	O
defending	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
dissents	O
in	O
a	O
1985	B-DATE
speech	O
.	O


``	O
Each	O
time	O
the	O
court	O
revisits	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
the	O
justices	O
will	O
be	O
forced	O
by	O
a	O
dissent	O
to	O
reconsider	O
the	O
fundamental	O
questions	O
and	O
to	O
rethink	O
the	O
result	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
he	O
has	O
said	O
that	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
on	O
the	O
winning	O
side	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
1960s	I-DATE
,	O
he	O
knew	O
that	O
the	O
tables	O
might	O
turn	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
now	O
knows	O
how	O
Justice	O
John	B-PERSON
Harlan	I-PERSON
felt	O
,	O
a	O
reference	O
to	O
the	O
late	O
conservative	O
justice	O
who	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
frequent	O
dissenter	O
from	O
the	O
Warren	B-PERSON
Court	O
's	O
opinions	O
.	O


Associates	O
of	O
81	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
Justice	O
Marshall	B-PERSON
say	O
he	O
was	O
``	O
depressed	O
''	O
about	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
direction	O
last	B-DATE
spring	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
is	O
feisty	O
about	O
his	O
role	O
and	O
determined	O
to	O
speak	O
out	O
against	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
cutbacks	O
in	O
civil	O
rights	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
could	O
sweep	O
it	O
under	O
the	O
rug	O
and	O
hide	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


He	O
,	O
like	O
Justice	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
,	O
considers	O
dissents	O
highly	O
important	O
for	O
the	O
future	O
,	O
a	O
point	O
that	O
has	O
n't	O
escaped	O
legal	O
scholars	O
.	O


Harvard	B-ORG
Law	I-ORG
School	I-ORG
Professor	O
Laurence	B-PERSON
Tribe	I-PERSON
says	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
``	O
generation	O
-	O
skipping	O
''	O
flavor	O
to	O
current	O
dissents	O
.	O


The	O
dissenters	O
in	O
the	O
Warren	B-PERSON
Court	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
writing	O
for	O
the	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
direction	O
might	O
change	O
soon	O
.	O


``	O
Brennan	B-PERSON
and	O
Marshall	B-PERSON
are	O
speaking	O
in	O
their	O
dissents	O
to	O
a	O
more	O
distant	O
future	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Justice	O
Blackmun	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
will	O
turn	O
81	B-DATE
next	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
also	O
seems	O
feisty	O
about	O
his	O
new	O
role	O
.	O


Associates	O
say	O
he	O
takes	O
some	O
defeats	O
more	O
personally	O
than	O
his	O
colleagues	O
,	O
especially	O
attempts	O
to	O
curtail	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
abortion	O
first	B-ORDINAL
recognized	O
in	O
his	O
1973	B-DATE
opinion	O
,	O
Roe	B-PERSON
vs.	O
Wade	B-PERSON
.	O


Friends	O
and	O
associates	O
who	O
saw	O
Justice	O
Blackmun	B-PERSON
during	O
the	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
said	O
he	O
was	O
no	O
more	O
discouraged	O
about	O
the	O
court	O
than	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


And	O
his	O
outlook	O
improved	O
after	O
successful	O
cataract	O
surgery	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
.	O


But	O
his	O
level	O
of	O
frustration	O
showed	O
in	O
a	O
recent	O
,	O
impassioned	O
speech	O
to	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
lawyers	O
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


He	O
concluded	O
his	O
remarks	O
by	O
quoting	O
,	O
emotionally	O
and	O
at	O
some	O
length	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
those	O
present	O
,	O
the	O
late	O
Martin	B-PERSON
Luther	I-PERSON
King	I-PERSON
's	O
famous	O
``	O
I	B-WORK_OF_ART
Have	I-WORK_OF_ART
a	I-WORK_OF_ART
Dream	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
speech	O
from	O
the	O
1963	B-DATE
March	B-EVENT
on	I-EVENT
Washington	I-EVENT
.	O


Justice	O
Stevens	B-PERSON
,	O
69	B-DATE
,	O
is	O
probably	O
the	O
most	O
philosophical	O
of	O
the	O
dissenters	O
about	O
his	O
role	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
because	O
he	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
least	O
liberal	O
of	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
,	O
but	O
also	O
because	O
he	O
enjoys	O
the	O
intellectual	O
challenge	O
of	O
arguing	O
with	O
the	O
majority	O
more	O
than	O
the	O
others	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
role	O
these	O
four	B-CARDINAL
dissenters	O
are	O
assuming	O
is	O
a	O
familiar	O
one	B-CARDINAL
in	O
modern	O
Supreme	B-ORG
Court	I-ORG
history	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
differs	O
in	O
an	O
important	O
way	O
from	O
recent	O
history	O
,	O
court	O
watchers	O
say	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
dissenters	O
of	O
the	O
Warren	B-PERSON
Court	O
were	O
often	O
defending	O
a	O
legal	O
legacy	O
that	O
they	O
inherited	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Prof.	O
A.E.	B-PERSON
Dick	I-PERSON
Howard	I-PERSON
of	O
the	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Virginia	I-ORG
Law	I-ORG
School	I-ORG
,	O
``	O
but	O
the	O
dissenters	O
today	B-DATE
are	O
defending	O
a	O
legacy	O
that	O
they	O
created	O
.	O


The	O
government	O
sold	O
the	O
deposits	O
of	O
four	B-CARDINAL
savings	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
loan	O
institutions	O
,	O
in	O
its	O
first	O
wave	O
of	O
sales	O
of	O
big	O
,	O
sick	O
thrifts	O
,	O
but	O
low	O
bids	O
prevented	O
the	O
sale	O
of	O
a	O
fifth	B-ORDINAL
.	O


The	O
four	B-CARDINAL
S&Ls	O
were	O
sold	O
to	O
large	O
banks	O
,	O
as	O
was	O
the	O
case	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
28	B-CARDINAL
previous	O
transactions	O
initiated	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Resolution	I-ORG
Trust	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
since	O
it	O
was	O
created	O
in	O
the	O
S&L	O
bailout	O
legislation	O
two	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
big	O
thrifts	O
were	O
sold	O
to	O
NCNB	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
Charlotte	B-GPE
,	O
N.C.	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
has	O
aggressively	O
expanded	O
its	O
markets	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
and	O
Florida	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
Canadian	B-NORP
bank	O
bought	O
another	O
thrift	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
RTC	B-ORG
transaction	O
with	O
a	O
foreign	O
bank	O
.	O


Under	O
these	O
deals	O
,	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
sells	O
just	O
the	O
deposits	O
and	O
the	O
healthy	O
assets	O
.	O


These	O
``	O
clean	O
-	O
bank	O
''	O
transactions	O
leave	O
the	O
bulk	O
of	O
bad	O
assets	O
,	O
mostly	O
real	O
estate	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
government	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
later	O
.	O


In	O
these	O
four	B-CARDINAL
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
is	O
stuck	O
with	O
$	B-MONEY
4.51	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
bad	O
assets	O
.	O


Acquirers	O
paid	O
premiums	O
ranging	O
from	O
1.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
3.7	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
for	O
the	O
deposits	O
and	O
branch	O
systems	O
,	O
roughly	O
in	O
line	O
with	O
what	O
analysts	O
were	O
expecting	O
.	O


The	O
buyers	O
will	O
also	O
be	O
locked	O
into	O
deposit	O
rates	O
for	O
just	O
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
,	O
as	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
case	O
with	O
previous	O
deals	O
.	O


After	O
that	O
,	O
the	O
buyers	O
may	O
repudiate	O
the	O
rates	O
paid	O
by	O
the	O
former	O
thrifts	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
's	O
uncertain	O
whether	O
these	O
institutions	O
will	O
take	O
those	O
steps	O
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
highest	O
rate	O
payers	O
in	O
the	O
Texas	B-GPE
market	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
Florida	B-GPE
,	O
rates	O
are	O
especially	O
sensitive	O
in	O
retirement	O
communities	O
.	O


The	O
RTC	B-ORG
had	O
previously	O
targeted	O
five	B-CARDINAL
thrifts	O
for	O
quick	O
sales	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
spend	O
cash	O
by	O
certain	O
budgetary	O
deadlines	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
delays	O
illustrate	O
the	O
tough	O
chore	O
facing	O
the	O
agency	O
.	O


``	O
These	O
thrifts	O
are	O
beached	O
whales	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Bert	B-PERSON
Ely	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
industry	O
consultant	O
based	O
in	O
Alexandria	B-GPE
,	O
Va	B-GPE
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
delay	O
in	O
selling	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Heritage	I-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
,	O
Salina	B-GPE
,	O
Kan.	B-GPE
,	O
with	O
$	B-MONEY
1.7	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
assets	O
,	O
has	O
forced	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
to	O
consider	O
selling	O
off	O
the	O
thrift	O
branch	O
-	O
by	O
-	O
branch	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
as	O
a	O
whole	O
institution	O
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
continued	O
its	O
foray	O
into	O
the	O
Florida	B-GPE
and	O
Texas	B-GPE
markets	O
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
will	O
acquire	O
University	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
Houston	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
had	O
assets	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
2.8	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
Texas	I-ORG
National	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
will	O
pay	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
a	O
premium	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
129	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
for	O
$	B-MONEY
3.5	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
deposits	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
the	O
depths	O
to	O
which	O
the	O
Texas	B-GPE
real	O
estate	O
market	O
has	O
sunk	O
,	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
will	O
pay	O
$	B-MONEY
3.8	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
to	O
NCNB	B-ORG
to	O
take	O
$	B-MONEY
750	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
bad	O
assets	O
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
also	O
acquired	O
Freedom	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
Tampa	B-GPE
,	O
Fla.	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
had	O
total	O
assets	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
900	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
will	O
pay	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
a	O
premium	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
40.4	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
for	O
$	B-MONEY
1.1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
deposits	O
.	O


NCNB	B-ORG
will	O
also	O
acquire	O
$	B-MONEY
266	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
Freedom	B-ORG
's	O
assets	O
from	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
,	O
which	O
will	O
require	O
$	B-MONEY
875	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
assistance	O
.	O


Meridian	B-ORG
Bancorp	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
Reading	B-GPE
,	O
Pa.	B-GPE
,	O
will	O
acquire	O
Hill	B-ORG
Financial	I-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
,	O
Red	B-GPE
Hill	I-GPE
,	O
Pa.	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
had	O
$	B-MONEY
2.3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
assets	O
.	O


Meridian	B-ORG
will	O
pay	O
a	O
premium	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
30.5	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
to	O
assume	O
$	B-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
deposits	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
also	O
purchase	O
$	B-MONEY
845	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
the	O
thrift	O
's	O
assets	O
,	O
with	O
$	B-MONEY
1.9	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
RTC	B-ORG
assistance	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
first	O
RTC	B-ORG
transaction	O
with	O
a	O
foreign	O
buyer	O
,	O
Royal	B-ORG
Trustco	I-ORG
Ltd.	I-ORG
,	O
Toronto	B-GPE
,	O
will	O
acquire	O
Pacific	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
,	O
Costa	B-GPE
Mesa	I-GPE
,	O
Calif.	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
had	O
$	B-MONEY
949	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
assets	O
.	O


Royal	B-ORG
Trustco	I-ORG
will	O
pay	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
$	B-MONEY
25	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
to	O
assume	O
$	B-MONEY
989	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
deposits	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
also	O
purchase	O
$	B-MONEY
473	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
assets	O
,	O
and	O
receive	O
$	B-MONEY
550	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
assistance	O
from	O
the	O
RTC	B-ORG
.	O


The	O
following	O
issues	O
were	O
recently	O
filed	O
with	O
the	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
:	O


American	B-ORG
Cyanamid	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
offering	O
of	O
1,250,000	B-CARDINAL
common	O
shares	O
,	O
via	O
Merrill	B-ORG
Lynch	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
.	O


Limited	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
offering	O
of	O
up	B-MONEY
to	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
300	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
debt	O
securities	O
and	O
warrants	O
.	O


Nuveen	B-ORG
California	I-ORG
Performance	I-ORG
Plus	I-ORG
Municipal	I-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
initial	O
offering	O
of	O
five	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
common	O
shares	O
,	O
via	O
Alex	B-ORG
.	I-ORG
Brown	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Sons	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
John	B-ORG
Nuveen	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
Prudential	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Bache	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Funding	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
Bateman	B-ORG
Eichler	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Hill	I-ORG
Richards	I-ORG
.	O


PacifiCare	B-ORG
Health	I-ORG
Systems	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
proposed	O
offering	O
of	O
1.5	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
common	O
shares	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
700,000	B-CARDINAL
shares	O
will	O
be	O
offered	O
by	O
PacifiCare	B-ORG
and	O
800,000	B-CARDINAL
shares	O
by	O
UniHealth	B-ORG
America	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
PacifiCare	B-ORG
's	O
71	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
-RRB-	O
,	O
via	O
Dillon	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Read	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
Goldman	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Sachs	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
and	O
Dean	B-ORG
Witter	I-ORG
Reynolds	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


Pricor	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
offering	O
of	O
one	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
new	O
shares	O
of	O
common	O
stock	O
and	O
300,000	B-CARDINAL
shares	O
by	O
holders	O
,	O
via	O
Drexel	B-ORG
Burnham	I-ORG
Lambert	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
J.C.	B-ORG
Bradford	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
.	O


Trans	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
offering	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
150	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
senior	O
notes	O
,	O
via	O
Drexel	B-ORG
Burnham	I-ORG
.	O


Time	B-ORG
magazine	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
move	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
costs	O
of	O
wooing	O
new	O
subscribers	O
,	O
is	O
lowering	O
its	O
circulation	O
guarantee	O
to	O
advertisers	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
second	I-DATE
consecutive	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
increasing	O
its	O
subscription	O
rates	O
and	O
cutting	O
back	O
on	O
merchandise	O
giveaways	O
.	O


In	O
an	O
announcement	O
to	O
its	O
staff	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
executives	O
at	O
Time	B-ORG
Warner	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
weekly	B-DATE
magazine	O
said	O
Time	B-ORG
will	O
``	O
dramatically	O
de-emphasize	O
''	O
its	O
use	O
of	O
electronic	O
giveaways	O
such	O
as	O
telephones	O
in	O
television	O
subscription	O
drives	O
;	O
cut	O
the	O
circulation	O
it	O
guarantees	O
advertisers	O
by	O
300,000	B-CARDINAL
,	O
to	O
four	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
;	O
and	O
increase	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
its	O
annual	B-DATE
subscription	O
rate	O
by	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
4	I-MONEY
to	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
55	I-MONEY
.	O


In	O
a	O
related	O
development	O
,	O
the	O
news	O
-	O
weekly	O
,	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
in	O
a	O
row	O
,	O
said	O
it	O
wo	O
n't	O
increase	O
its	O
advertising	O
rates	O
in	O
1990	B-DATE
;	O
a	O
full	O
,	O
four	B-CARDINAL
-	O
color	O
page	O
in	O
the	O
magazine	O
costs	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
120,000	I-MONEY
.	O


However	O
,	O
because	O
the	O
guaranteed	O
circulation	O
base	O
is	O
being	O
lowered	O
,	O
ad	O
rates	O
will	O
be	O
effectively	O
7.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
per	O
subscriber	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Heinemann	I-PERSON
,	O
Time	B-ORG
associate	O
publisher	O
.	O


Time	B-ORG
is	O
following	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
some	O
other	O
mass	O
-	O
circulation	O
magazines	O
that	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
have	O
challenged	O
the	O
publishing	O
myth	O
that	O
maintaining	O
artificially	O
high	O
,	O
and	O
expensive	O
,	O
circulations	O
is	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
draw	O
advertisers	O
.	O


In	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
Reader	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Digest	I-ORG
,	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
McCall	B-ORG
's	O
,	O
and	O
most	O
recently	O
News	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
TV	B-ORG
Guide	I-ORG
,	O
have	O
cut	O
their	O
massive	O
circulation	O
rate	O
bases	O
to	O
eliminate	O
marginal	O
circulation	O
and	O
hold	O
down	O
rates	O
for	O
advertisers	O
.	O


Deep	O
discounts	O
in	O
subscriptions	O
and	O
offers	O
of	O
free	O
clock	O
radios	O
and	O
watches	O
have	O
become	O
accepted	O
forms	O
of	O
attracting	O
new	O
subscribers	O
in	O
the	O
hyper-competitive	O
world	O
of	O
magazine	O
news	O
-	O
weeklies	O
.	O


But	O
Time	B-ORG
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
more	O
cost	O
-	O
conscious	O
Time	B-ORG
Warner	I-ORG
,	O
wants	O
to	O
wean	O
itself	O
away	O
from	O
expensive	O
gimmicks	O
.	O


Besides	O
,	O
Time	B-ORG
executives	O
think	O
selling	O
a	O
news	O
magazine	O
with	O
a	O
clock	O
radio	O
is	O
tacky	O
.	O


``	O
Giveaways	O
just	O
give	O
people	O
the	O
wrong	O
image	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Mr.	O
Heinemann	B-PERSON
.	O


``	O
That	O
perception	O
takes	O
the	O
focus	O
off	O
the	O
magazine	O
.	O
''	O


Time	B-ORG
magazine	O
executives	O
predictably	O
paint	O
the	O
circulation	O
cut	O
as	O
a	O
show	O
of	O
strength	O
and	O
actually	O
a	O
benefit	O
to	O
advertisers	O
.	O


``	O
What	O
we	O
are	O
doing	O
is	O
screening	O
out	O
the	O
readers	O
who	O
are	O
only	O
casually	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
magazine	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
really	O
read	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Mr.	O
Heinemann	B-PERSON
.	O


``	O
We	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
create	O
quality	O
and	O
involvement	O
.	O
''	O


However	O
,	O
Time	B-ORG
executives	O
used	O
the	O
same	O
explanation	O
when	O
in	O
October	B-DATE
1988	I-DATE
the	O
magazine	O
cut	O
its	O
guaranteed	O
circulation	O
from	O
4.6	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
to	O
4.3	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


And	O
Time	B-ORG
's	O
paid	O
circulation	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Audit	B-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Circulations	I-ORG
,	O
dropped	O
7.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
4,393,237	B-CARDINAL
in	O
the	B-DATE
six	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
ended	I-DATE
June	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1989	I-DATE
.	O


Still	O
,	O
Time	B-ORG
's	O
move	O
is	O
being	O
received	O
well	O
,	O
once	O
again	O
.	O


``	O
It	O
's	O
terrific	O
for	O
advertisers	O
to	O
know	O
the	O
reader	O
will	O
be	O
paying	O
more	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Drexler	I-PERSON
,	O
national	O
media	O
director	O
at	O
Bozell	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
ad	O
agency	O
.	O


``	O
A	O
few	O
drops	O
in	O
circulation	O
are	O
of	O
no	O
consequence	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
show	O
of	O
weakness	O
;	O
they	O
are	O
improving	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
circulation	O
while	O
insuring	O
their	O
profits	O
.	O
''	O


Mr.	O
Heinemann	B-PERSON
said	O
the	O
changes	O
represent	O
a	O
new	O
focus	O
in	O
the	O
magazine	O
industry	O
:	O
a	O
magazine	O
's	O
net	O
revenue	O
per	O
subscriber	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
actual	O
revenue	O
from	O
subscribers	O
after	O
discounts	O
and	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
premiums	O
have	O
been	O
stripped	O
away	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
question	O
is	O
how	O
much	O
are	O
we	O
getting	O
from	O
each	O
reader	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Mr.	O
Heinemann	B-PERSON
.	O


Time	B-ORG
's	O
rivals	O
news	O
-	O
weeklies	O
,	O
Washington	B-ORG
Post	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Newsweek	B-ORG
and	O
U.S.	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
World	I-ORG
Report	I-ORG
,	O
are	O
less	O
reliant	O
on	O
electronic	O
giveaways	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
both	O
have	O
been	O
increasing	O
their	O
circulation	O
rate	O
bases	O
.	O


Both	O
magazines	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
announce	O
their	O
ad	O
rates	O
and	O
circulation	O
levels	O
for	O
1990	B-DATE
within	O
a	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


When	O
the	O
news	O
broke	O
of	O
an	O
attempted	O
coup	O
in	O
Panama	B-GPE
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
Sen.	O
Christopher	B-PERSON
Dodd	I-PERSON
called	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
for	O
a	O
briefing	O
.	O


``	O
They	O
said	O
,	O
`	O
follow	O
CNN	B-ORG
,	O
'	O
''	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O


That	O
shows	O
how	O
far	O
Ted	B-PERSON
Turner	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
Cable	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Network	I-ORG
has	O
come	O
since	O
its	O
birth	O
nine	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
considered	O
the	O
laughingstock	O
of	O
television	O
news	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
bigger	O
,	O
faster	O
and	O
more	O
profitable	O
than	O
the	O
news	O
divisions	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
major	O
broadcast	O
networks	O
.	O


Its	O
niche	O
as	O
the	O
``	O
network	O
of	O
record	O
''	O
during	O
major	O
crises	O
draws	O
elite	O
audiences	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


But	O
for	O
all	O
its	O
success	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
has	O
hit	O
a	O
plateau	O
.	O


Although	O
viewership	O
soars	O
when	O
big	O
news	O
breaks	O
,	O
it	O
ebbs	O
during	O
periods	O
of	O
calm	O
.	O


CNN	B-ORG
executives	O
worry	O
that	O
the	O
network	O
's	O
punchy	O
but	O
repetitive	O
news	O
format	O
may	O
be	O
getting	O
stale	O
and	O
wo	O
n't	O
keep	O
viewers	O
coming	O
back	O
as	O
the	O
alternatives	O
multiply	O
for	O
news	O
and	O
information	O
on	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
.	O


``	O
Just	O
the	O
fact	O
we	O
're	O
on	O
24	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
is	O
no	O
longer	O
bulletin	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Ed	B-PERSON
Turner	I-PERSON
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
news	O
gathering	O
-LRB-	O
and	O
no	O
relation	O
to	O
Ted	B-PERSON
Turner	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O
.	O


``	O
You	O
ca	O
n't	O
live	O
on	O
that	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
CNN	B-ORG
,	O
a	O
unit	O
of	O
Atlanta	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
Turner	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
System	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
is	O
trying	O
to	O
reposition	O
itself	O
as	O
a	O
primary	O
channel	O
,	O
or	O
what	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
television	O
industry	O
call	O
a	O
``	O
top	O
of	O
mind	O
''	O
network	O
.	O


Tonight	B-TIME
,	O
to	O
kick	O
off	O
the	O
effort	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
will	O
premiere	O
its	O
first	B-ORDINAL
prime	O
-	O
time	O
newscast	O
in	O
years	B-DATE
,	O
an	O
hourlong	B-TIME
show	O
at	O
6	B-TIME
p.m	I-TIME
.	I-TIME
Eastern	I-TIME
time	I-TIME
to	O
air	O
head	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
head	O
against	O
the	O
network	O
newscasts	O
.	O


The	O
show	O
will	O
be	O
co-anchored	O
by	O
Bernard	B-PERSON
Shaw	I-PERSON
and	O
Catherine	B-PERSON
Crier	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
34	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
former	O
Texas	B-GPE
judge	O
and	O
campus	O
beauty	O
queen	O
who	O
has	O
never	O
held	O
a	O
job	O
in	O
television	O
or	O
journalism	O
.	O


The	O
new	O
show	O
is	O
perhaps	O
the	O
boldest	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
steps	O
the	O
network	O
is	O
taking	O
to	O
build	O
audience	O
loyalty	O
by	O
shifting	O
away	O
from	O
its	O
current	O
format	O
toward	O
more	O
full	O
-	O
length	O
``	O
signature	O
''	O
programming	O
with	O
recognizable	O
stars	O
.	O


To	O
distinguish	O
itself	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
is	O
also	O
expanding	O
international	O
coverage	O
and	O
adding	O
a	O
second	B-ORDINAL
global	O
-	O
news	O
program	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
paying	O
higher	O
salaries	O
--	O
after	O
years	B-DATE
of	O
scrimping	O
--	O
to	O
lure	O
and	O
keep	O
experienced	O
staffers	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
is	O
embarking	O
on	O
an	O
expensive	O
gamble	O
to	O
break	O
major	O
stories	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
investigative	O
-	O
reporting	O
team	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
next	O
stage	O
is	O
to	O
get	O
beyond	O
the	O
opinion	O
leaders	O
who	O
use	O
us	O
as	O
a	O
point	O
of	O
reference	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
point	O
of	O
reference	O
at	O
ordinary	O
dinner	O
tables	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Jon	B-PERSON
Petrovich	I-PERSON
,	O
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
Headline	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
sister	O
network	O
.	O


But	O
that	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
easy	O
.	O


Networks	O
,	O
like	O
other	O
consumer	O
products	O
,	O
develop	O
images	O
in	O
peoples	O
'	O
minds	O
that	O
are	O
n't	O
easy	O
to	O
change	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
takes	O
money	O
that	O
CNN	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
reluctant	O
to	O
spend	O
to	O
make	O
programs	O
and	O
hire	O
talent	O
that	O
viewers	O
will	O
tune	O
in	O
specially	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
operators	O
--	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
distributors	O
and	O
part	O
owners	O
--	O
like	O
things	O
just	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
are	O
.	O


The	O
repositioning	O
bid	O
is	O
aimed	O
at	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
unsteady	O
viewership	O
--	O
and	O
what	O
may	O
happen	O
to	O
it	O
as	O
the	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
news	O
market	O
grows	O
more	O
competitive	O
.	O


Already	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
is	O
facing	O
stronger	O
competition	O
from	O
Financial	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Network	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Consumer	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
and	O
Business	B-ORG
Channel	I-ORG
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
pursue	O
more	O
general	O
news	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
many	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
systems	O
themselves	O
are	O
airing	O
more	O
local	O
and	O
regional	O
news	O
programs	O
produced	O
by	O
local	O
broadcast	O
stations	O
.	O


CNN	B-ORG
wants	O
to	O
change	O
its	O
viewers	O
'	O
habits	O
.	O


Its	O
watchers	O
are	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
whole	O
,	O
a	O
disloyal	O
group	O
of	O
channel	O
-	O
zapping	O
``	O
grazers	O
''	O
and	O
news	O
junkies	O
,	O
who	O
spend	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
just	B-TIME
26	I-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
a	O
day	O
watching	O
CNN	B-ORG
,	O
according	O
to	O
audience	O
research	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
less	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
the	O
time	O
that	O
viewers	O
watch	O
the	O
major	O
broadcast	O
networks	O
.	O


The	O
brief	O
attention	O
viewers	O
give	O
CNN	B-ORG
could	O
put	O
it	O
at	O
a	O
disadvantage	O
as	O
ratings	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
advertising	O
,	O
become	O
more	O
important	O
to	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
channels	O
.	O


CNN	B-ORG
's	O
viewer	O
habits	O
have	O
been	O
molded	O
by	O
its	O
format	O
.	O


Its	O
strategy	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
has	O
been	O
to	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
TV	O
wire	O
service	O
.	O


It	O
focused	O
on	O
building	O
up	O
its	O
news	O
bureaus	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
so	O
as	O
events	O
took	O
place	O
it	O
could	O
go	O
live	O
quicker	O
and	O
longer	O
than	O
other	O
networks	O
.	O


It	O
filled	O
its	O
daily	B-DATE
schedule	O
with	O
newscasts	O
called	O
``	O
Daybreak	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
``	O
Daywatch	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
``	O
Newsday	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
and	O
``	O
Newsnight	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
but	O
the	O
shows	O
varied	O
little	O
in	O
content	O
,	O
personality	O
or	O
look	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
the	O
push	O
is	O
on	O
for	O
more	O
-	O
distinctive	O
shows	O
.	O


``	O
Our	O
goal	O
is	O
to	O
create	O
more	O
programs	O
with	O
an	O
individual	O
identity	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Paul	B-PERSON
Amos	I-PERSON
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
executive	O
vice	O
president	O
for	O
programming	O
.	O


Accordingly	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
is	O
adding	O
a	O
world	O
-	O
affairs	O
show	O
in	O
the	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
because	O
surveys	O
show	O
its	B-TIME
global	I-TIME
-	I-TIME
news	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
in	O
the	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
is	O
among	O
its	O
most	O
``	O
differentiated	O
''	O
programs	O
in	O
viewers	O
'	O
minds	O
,	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Amos	B-PERSON
.	O


And	O
it	O
is	O
exploring	O
other	O
original	O
programs	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
its	O
``	O
Larry	B-WORK_OF_ART
King	I-WORK_OF_ART
Live	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
and	O
``	O
Crossfire	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
talk	O
shows	O
,	O
which	O
executives	O
hope	O
will	O
keep	O
people	O
tuned	O
in	O
.	O


Then	O
there	O
's	O
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
World	I-WORK_OF_ART
Today	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
the	O
prime	O
-	O
time	O
newscast	O
featuring	O
Mr.	O
Shaw	B-PERSON
and	O
Ms.	O
Crier	B-PERSON
.	O


Until	O
now	O
,	O
CNN	B-ORG
has	O
featured	O
its	O
Hollywood	B-GPE
gossip	O
show	O
during	O
the	O
key	O
evening	B-TIME
period	O
.	O


But	O
70	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
cable	O
-	O
television	O
-	O
equipped	O
households	O
that	O
watch	O
news	O
do	O
so	O
between	B-TIME
6:30	I-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
and	I-TIME
7	I-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
,	O
the	O
network	O
discovered	O
,	O
so	O
CNN	B-ORG
wants	O
in	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Amos	B-PERSON
says	O
the	O
Shaw	B-PERSON
-	O
Crier	O
team	O
will	O
probably	O
do	O
two	B-CARDINAL
live	O
interviews	O
a	O
day	O
,	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
for	O
now	O
,	O
appearing	O
similar	O
to	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
other	O
newcasts	O
.	O


Some	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
are	O
skeptical	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
find	O
it	O
hard	O
to	O
conceive	O
of	O
people	O
switching	O
over	O
to	O
CNN	B-ORG
for	O
what	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
the	O
public	O
's	O
mind	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
news	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Reuven	B-PERSON
Frank	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
former	O
two	B-CARDINAL
-	O
time	O
president	O
of	O
NBC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
and	O
creator	O
of	O
the	B-WORK_OF_ART
Huntley	I-WORK_OF_ART
-	I-WORK_OF_ART
Brinkley	I-WORK_OF_ART
Report	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


The	O
evening	B-TIME
news	O
is	O
also	O
slated	O
as	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
stage	O
for	O
its	O
big	O
push	O
into	O
investigative	O
journalism	O
.	O


In	O
August	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
network	O
hired	O
award	O
-	O
winning	O
producer	O
Pamela	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
news	O
specials	O
at	O
ABC	B-ORG
.	O


She	O
's	O
assembling	O
a	O
staff	O
of	O
about	B-CARDINAL
35	I-CARDINAL
investigative	O
reporters	O
who	O
will	O
produce	O
weekly	B-DATE
,	O
in	O
-	O
depth	O
segments	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
eye	O
toward	O
breaking	O
big	O
stories	O
.	O


CNN	B-ORG
executives	O
hope	O
the	O
headlines	O
created	O
by	O
such	O
scoops	O
will	O
generate	O
excitement	O
for	O
its	O
``	O
branded	O
''	O
programs	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
``	O
60	B-WORK_OF_ART
Minutes	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
did	O
so	O
well	O
for	O
CBS	B-ORG
.	O


That	O
's	O
such	O
a	O
departure	O
from	O
the	O
past	O
that	O
many	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
are	O
skeptical	O
CNN	B-ORG
will	O
follow	O
through	O
with	O
its	O
investigative	O
commitment	O
,	O
especially	O
after	O
it	O
sees	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
producing	O
in	O
-	O
depth	O
pieces	O
.	O


``	O
They	O
've	O
never	O
shown	O
any	O
inclination	O
to	O
spend	O
money	O
on	O
production	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Mosettig	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
senior	O
producer	O
with	O
MacNeil	B-WORK_OF_ART
-	I-WORK_OF_ART
Lehrer	I-WORK_OF_ART
NewsHour	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
who	O
notes	O
that	O
CNN	B-ORG
is	O
indispensable	O
to	O
his	O
job	O
.	O


The	O
network	O
's	O
salaries	O
have	O
always	O
ranged	O
far	O
below	O
industry	O
standards	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
less	O
-	O
experienced	O
work	O
force	O
.	O


CNN	B-ORG
recently	O
gave	O
most	O
employees	O
raises	O
of	O
as	B-PERCENT
much	I-PERCENT
as	I-PERCENT
15	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
but	O
they	O
're	O
still	O
drastically	O
underpaid	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
networks	O
.	O


Says	O
Mr.	O
Mosettig	B-PERSON
:	O
``	O
CNN	B-ORG
is	O
my	O
wire	O
service	O
;	O
they	O
're	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
everything	O
.	O


But	O
to	O
improve	O
,	O
they	O
've	O
really	O
got	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
investment	O
in	O
people	O
.	O
''	O


In	O
any	O
case	O
,	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
-	O
system	O
operators	O
have	O
reason	O
to	O
fear	O
any	O
tinkering	O
with	O
CNN	B-ORG
's	O
format	O
.	O


They	O
market	O
cable	O
-	O
TV	O
on	O
the	O
very	O
grazing	O
opportunities	O
CNN	B-ORG
seeks	O
to	O
discourage	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
would	O
obviously	O
be	O
upset	O
if	O
those	O
kinds	O
of	O
services	O
evolved	O
into	O
more	O
general	O
-	O
interest	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
format	O
programming	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Stengel	I-PERSON
,	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
programming	O
,	O
of	O
Continental	B-ORG
Cablevision	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
holds	O
a	O
2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
Turner	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
Second	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Circuit	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Appeals	I-ORG
opinion	O
in	O
the	O
Arcadian	B-ORG
Phosphate	I-ORG
case	O
did	O
not	O
repudiate	O
the	O
position	O
Pennzoil	B-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
took	O
in	O
its	O
dispute	O
with	O
Texaco	B-ORG
,	O
contrary	O
to	O
your	O
Sept.	B-DATE
8	I-DATE
article	O
``	O
Court	B-WORK_OF_ART
Backs	I-WORK_OF_ART
Texaco	I-WORK_OF_ART
's	I-WORK_OF_ART
View	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
Pennzoil	I-WORK_OF_ART
Case	I-WORK_OF_ART
--	I-WORK_OF_ART
Too	I-WORK_OF_ART
Late	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


The	O
fundamental	O
rule	O
of	O
contract	O
law	O
applied	O
to	O
both	O
cases	O
was	O
that	O
courts	O
will	O
not	O
enforce	O
agreements	O
to	O
which	O
the	O
parties	O
did	O
not	O
intend	O
to	O
be	O
bound	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
Pennzoil	B-ORG
/	O
Texaco	O
litigation	O
,	O
the	O
courts	O
found	O
Pennzoil	B-ORG
and	O
Getty	B-ORG
Oil	I-ORG
intended	O
to	O
be	O
bound	O
;	O
in	O
Arcadian	B-ORG
Phosphates	I-ORG
they	O
found	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
intention	O
to	O
be	O
bound	O
.	O


Admittedly	O
,	O
the	O
principle	O
in	O
the	O
cases	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
outcome	O
of	O
a	O
legal	O
dispute	O
almost	O
always	O
turns	O
on	O
the	O
facts	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
facts	O
,	O
as	O
found	O
by	O
the	O
various	O
courts	O
in	O
these	O
two	B-CARDINAL
lawsuits	O
,	O
were	O
different	O
.	O


When	O
you	O
suggest	O
otherwise	O
,	O
you	O
leave	O
the	O
realm	O
of	O
reporting	O
and	O
enter	O
the	O
orbit	O
of	O
speculation	O
.	O


Charles	B-PERSON
F.	I-PERSON
Vihon	I-PERSON


Valley	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
said	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
America	I-ORG
withdrew	O
from	O
regulators	O
its	O
application	O
to	O
buy	O
five	B-CARDINAL
Valley	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
branches	O
,	O
leaving	O
the	O
transaction	O
in	O
limbo	O
.	O


The	O
broken	O
purchase	O
appears	O
as	O
additional	O
evidence	O
of	O
trouble	O
at	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
whose	O
spokesman	O
said	O
the	O
company	O
withdrew	O
its	O
application	O
from	O
the	O
federal	O
Office	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Thrift	I-ORG
Supervision	I-ORG
because	O
of	O
an	O
informal	O
notice	O
that	O
Imperial	B-ORG
's	O
thrift	O
unit	O
failed	O
to	O
meet	O
Community	B-LAW
Reinvestment	I-LAW
Act	I-LAW
requirements	O
.	O


The	B-LAW
Community	I-LAW
Reinvestment	I-LAW
Act	I-LAW
requires	O
savings	O
and	O
loan	O
associations	O
to	O
lend	O
money	O
in	O
amounts	O
related	O
to	O
areas	O
where	O
deposits	O
are	O
received	O
.	O


The	O
transaction	O
,	O
announced	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
,	O
included	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
146	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
deposits	O
at	O
the	O
five	B-CARDINAL
outlets	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
's	O
San	B-LOC
Joaquin	I-LOC
Valley	I-LOC
.	O


Terms	O
were	O
n't	O
disclosed	O
,	O
but	O
Valley	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
had	O
said	O
it	O
expected	O
to	O
post	O
a	O
modest	O
pretax	O
gain	O
and	O
to	O
save	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
operating	O
costs	O
annually	B-DATE
.	O


Valley	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
said	O
Friday	B-DATE
that	O
it	O
is	O
considering	O
whether	O
to	O
seek	O
another	O
buyer	O
for	O
the	O
branches	O
or	O
to	O
pursue	O
the	O
transaction	O
with	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
said	O
it	O
is	O
attempting	O
to	O
meet	O
Community	B-LAW
Reinvestment	I-LAW
Act	I-LAW
requirements	O
.	O


Valley	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
,	O
with	O
assets	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
3.3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
is	O
based	O
in	O
Van	B-GPE
Nuys	I-GPE
.	O


Imperial	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
based	O
in	O
San	B-GPE
Diego	I-GPE
,	O
is	O
the	O
parent	O
of	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
six	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
it	O
posted	O
a	O
net	O
loss	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
33.1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Call	O
it	O
the	O
``	O
we	O
're	O
too	O
broke	O
to	O
fight	O
''	O
defense	O
.	O


Lawyers	O
for	O
dozens	B-CARDINAL
of	O
insolvent	O
savings	O
and	O
loan	O
associations	O
are	O
trying	O
a	O
new	O
tack	O
in	O
their	O
efforts	O
to	O
defuse	O
suits	O
filed	O
by	O
borrowers	O
,	O
developers	O
and	O
creditors	O
.	O


The	O
thrifts	O
'	O
lawyers	O
claim	O
that	O
the	O
suits	O
,	O
numbering	O
700	B-CARDINAL
to	I-CARDINAL
1,000	I-CARDINAL
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
alone	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
dismissed	O
as	O
moot	O
because	O
neither	O
the	O
S&Ls	O
nor	O
the	O
extinct	O
Federal	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Insurance	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
has	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
pay	O
judgments	O
.	O


Though	O
the	O
argument	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
common	O
-	O
sense	O
ring	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
even	O
the	O
S&L	O
lawyers	O
concede	O
there	O
's	O
little	O
precedent	O
to	O
back	O
their	O
position	O
.	O


Still	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
federal	O
appeals	O
court	O
has	O
signaled	O
it	O
's	O
willing	O
to	O
entertain	O
the	O
notion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
lawyers	O
have	O
renewed	O
their	O
arguments	O
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
and	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
other	O
states	O
where	O
the	O
defense	O
is	O
permitted	O
under	O
state	O
law	O
.	O


The	O
dismissal	O
of	O
the	O
pending	O
suits	O
could	O
go	O
a	O
long	O
way	O
toward	O
clearing	O
court	O
dockets	O
in	O
Texas	B-GPE
and	O
reducing	O
the	O
FSLIC	B-ORG
's	O
massive	O
legal	O
bills	O
,	O
which	O
topped	O
$	B-MONEY
73	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
S&L	O
lawyers	O
were	O
encouraged	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
by	O
an	O
appellate	O
-	O
court	O
ruling	O
in	O
two	B-CARDINAL
cases	O
brought	O
against	O
defunct	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	O
Dallas	B-GPE
by	O
the	O
developers	O
of	O
the	B-FAC
Valley	I-FAC
Ranch	I-FAC
,	O
best	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
training	O
center	O
for	O
the	O
Dallas	B-ORG
Cowboys	I-ORG
football	O
team	O
.	O


Sunbelt	B-ORG
foreclosed	O
on	O
the	O
ranch	O
.	O


Sunbelt	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
FSLIC	B-ORG
argued	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Fifth	I-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Circuit	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Appeals	I-ORG
``	O
that	O
there	O
will	O
never	O
be	O
any	O
assets	O
with	O
which	O
to	O
satisfy	O
a	O
judgment	O
against	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
nor	O
any	O
means	O
to	O
collect	O
from	O
any	O
other	O
party	O
,	O
including	O
FSLIC	B-ORG
.	O
''	O


``	O
If	O
true	O
,	O
''	O
the	O
court	O
wrote	O
,	O
``	O
this	O
contention	O
would	O
justify	O
dismissal	O
of	O
these	O
actions	O
on	O
prudential	O
grounds	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
court	O
said	O
it	O
lacked	O
enough	O
financial	O
information	O
about	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
FSLIC	B-ORG
and	O
sent	O
the	O
cases	O
back	O
to	O
federal	O
district	O
court	O
in	O
Dallas	B-GPE
.	O


Charles	B-PERSON
Haworth	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
lawyer	O
for	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
,	O
says	O
he	O
plans	O
to	O
file	O
a	O
brief	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
urging	O
the	O
district	O
judge	O
to	O
dismiss	O
the	O
suits	O
,	O
because	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
's	O
liabilities	O
exceeded	O
its	O
assets	O
by	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
when	O
federal	O
regulators	O
closed	O
it	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
1988	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
This	O
institution	O
is	O
just	O
brain	O
dead	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Haworth	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
partner	O
in	O
the	O
Dallas	B-GPE
office	O
of	O
Andrews	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Kurth	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Houston	B-GPE
law	O
firm	O
.	O


But	O
a	O
lawyer	O
for	O
Triland	B-ORG
Investment	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
developer	O
of	O
Valley	B-FAC
Ranch	I-FAC
,	O
dismisses	O
such	O
arguments	O
as	O
a	O
``	O
defense	O
du	O
jour	O
.	O
''	O


Attorney	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
of	O
Dallas	B-GPE
says	O
a	O
judgment	O
for	O
Triland	B-ORG
could	O
be	O
satisfied	O
in	O
ways	O
other	O
than	O
a	O
monetary	O
award	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
reversal	O
of	O
Sunbelt	B-ORG
's	O
foreclosure	O
on	O
Valley	B-FAC
Ranch	I-FAC
.	O


``	O
We	O
're	O
asking	O
the	O
court	O
for	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
things	O
he	O
can	O
grant	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
thrill	O
of	O
victory	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
'd	O
take	O
the	B-FAC
Valley	I-FAC
Ranch	I-FAC
free	O
and	O
clear	O
as	O
a	O
booby	O
prize	O
.	O


Kenneth	B-PERSON
J.	I-PERSON
Thygerson	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
was	O
named	O
president	O
of	O
this	O
thrift	O
holding	O
company	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
,	O
resigned	O
,	O
citing	O
personal	O
reasons	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Thygerson	B-PERSON
said	O
he	O
had	O
planned	O
to	O
travel	O
between	O
the	O
job	O
in	O
Denver	B-GPE
and	O
his	O
San	B-GPE
Diego	I-GPE
home	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
found	O
the	O
commute	O
too	O
difficult	O
to	O
continue	O
.	O


A	O
new	O
president	O
was	O
n't	O
named	O
.	O


SOUTH	B-GPE
AFRICA	I-GPE
FREED	O
the	O
ANC	B-ORG
's	O
Sisulu	B-PERSON
and	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
other	O
political	O
prisoners	O
.	O


Thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
supporters	O
,	O
many	O
brandishing	O
flags	O
of	O
the	O
outlawed	O
African	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Congress	I-ORG
,	O
gave	O
the	O
anti-apartheid	O
activists	O
a	O
tumultuous	O
reception	O
upon	O
their	O
return	O
to	O
black	O
townships	O
across	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


Most	O
of	O
those	O
freed	O
had	O
spent	O
at	B-DATE
least	I-DATE
25	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
prison	O
.	O


The	O
77	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
Sisulu	B-PERSON
,	O
sentenced	O
to	O
life	O
in	O
1964	B-DATE
along	O
with	O
black	O
nationalist	O
Nelson	B-PERSON
Mandela	I-PERSON
for	O
plotting	O
to	O
overthrow	O
the	O
government	O
,	O
said	O
equality	O
for	O
blacks	O
in	O
South	B-GPE
Africa	I-GPE
was	O
in	O
reach	O
.	O


The	O
releases	O
,	O
announced	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
by	O
President	O
de	B-PERSON
Klerk	I-PERSON
,	O
were	O
viewed	O
as	O
Pretoria	B-GPE
's	O
tacit	O
legalization	O
of	O
the	O
ANC	B-ORG
.	O


Mandela	B-PERSON
,	O
considered	O
the	O
most	O
prominent	O
leader	O
of	O
the	O
ANC	B-ORG
,	O
remains	O
in	O
prison	O
.	O


But	O
his	O
release	O
within	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
is	O
widely	O
expected	O
.	O


The	B-GPE
Soviet	I-GPE
Union	I-GPE
reported	O
that	O
thousands	B-QUANTITY
of	I-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
goods	O
needed	O
to	O
ease	O
widespread	O
shortages	O
across	O
the	O
nation	O
were	O
piled	O
up	O
at	O
ports	O
and	O
rail	O
depots	O
,	O
and	O
food	O
shipments	O
were	O
rotting	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
people	O
and	O
equipment	O
to	O
move	O
the	O
cargo	O
.	O


Strikes	O
and	O
mismanagement	O
were	O
cited	O
,	O
and	O
Premier	O
Ryzhkov	B-PERSON
warned	O
of	O
``	O
tough	O
measures	O
.	O
''	O


Bush	B-PERSON
indicated	O
there	O
might	O
be	O
``	O
room	O
for	O
flexibility	O
''	O
in	O
a	O
bill	O
to	O
allow	O
federal	O
funding	O
of	O
abortions	O
for	O
poor	O
women	O
who	O
are	O
vicitims	O
of	O
rape	O
and	O
incest	O
.	O


He	O
reiterated	O
his	O
opposition	O
to	O
such	O
funding	O
,	O
but	O
expressed	O
hope	O
of	O
a	O
compromise	O
.	O


The	O
president	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
also	O
renewed	O
a	O
call	O
for	O
the	O
ouster	O
of	O
Panama	B-GPE
's	O
Noriega	B-PERSON
.	O


The	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
said	O
minors	O
have	O
n't	O
any	O
right	O
to	O
abortion	O
without	O
the	O
consent	O
of	O
their	O
parents	O
.	O


The	O
administration	O
's	O
policy	O
was	O
stated	O
in	O
a	O
friend	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
court	O
brief	O
urging	O
the	B-ORG
Supreme	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
to	O
give	O
states	O
more	O
leeway	O
to	O
restrict	O
abortions	O
.	O


Ten	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
nation	O
's	O
governors	O
,	O
meanwhile	O
,	O
called	O
on	O
the	O
justices	O
to	O
reject	O
efforts	O
to	O
limit	O
abortions	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Justice	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
announced	O
that	O
the	O
FBI	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
given	O
the	O
authority	O
to	O
seize	O
U.S.	B-GPE
fugitives	O
overseas	O
without	O
the	O
permission	O
of	O
foreign	O
governments	O
.	O


Secretary	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
Baker	B-PERSON
emphasized	O
Friday	B-DATE
that	O
the	O
new	O
policy	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
invoked	O
by	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
without	O
full	O
consideration	O
of	O
foreign	O
-	O
policy	O
implications	O
.	O


NASA	B-ORG
pronounced	O
the	O
space	O
shuttle	O
Atlantis	B-PRODUCT
ready	O
for	O
launch	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
following	O
a	O
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
postponement	O
of	O
the	O
flight	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
faulty	O
engine	O
computer	O
.	O


The	O
device	O
was	O
replaced	O
.	O


The	O
spacecraft	O
's	O
five	B-CARDINAL
astronauts	O
are	O
to	O
dispatch	O
the	O
Galileo	B-PRODUCT
space	O
probe	O
on	O
an	O
exploration	O
mission	O
to	O
Jupiter	B-LOC
.	O


South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
President	O
Roh	B-PERSON
traveled	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
for	O
a	O
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
visit	O
that	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
ties	O
between	O
Washington	B-GPE
and	O
Seoul	B-GPE
.	O


Roh	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
is	O
facing	O
calls	O
for	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
U.S.	B-GPE
military	O
forces	O
in	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
,	O
is	O
to	O
meet	O
with	O
Bush	B-PERSON
tomorrow	B-DATE
and	O
is	O
to	O
address	O
a	O
joint	O
session	O
of	O
Congress	B-ORG
on	O
Wednesday	B-DATE
.	O


China	B-GPE
's	O
Communist	B-NORP
leadership	O
voted	O
to	O
purge	O
the	O
party	O
of	O
``	O
hostile	O
and	O
anti-party	O
elements	O
''	O
and	O
wealthy	O
private	O
businessmen	O
,	O
whom	O
they	O
called	O
exploiters	O
.	O


The	O
decision	O
,	O
reported	O
by	O
the	O
official	O
Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
crackdown	O
prompted	O
by	O
student	O
-	O
led	O
pro-democracy	O
protests	O
in	O
June	B-DATE
is	O
intensifying	O
.	O


Hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
East	B-NORP
Germans	I-NORP
flocked	O
to	O
Bonn	B-GPE
's	O
Embassy	B-ORG
in	O
Warsaw	B-GPE
,	O
bringing	O
to	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
1,200	I-CARDINAL
the	O
number	O
of	O
emigres	O
expected	O
to	O
flee	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
beginning	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


More	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
2,100	I-CARDINAL
others	O
escaped	O
to	O
West	B-GPE
Germany	I-GPE
through	O
Hungary	B-GPE
over	O
the	B-DATE
Weekend	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
Leipzig	B-GPE
,	O
activists	O
vowed	O
to	O
continue	O
street	O
protests	O
to	O
demand	O
internal	O
change	O
.	O


Zaire	B-GPE
's	O
President	O
Mobutu	B-PERSON
met	O
in	O
southern	O
France	B-GPE
with	O
Angolan	B-NORP
rebel	O
leader	O
Savimbi	B-PERSON
and	O
a	O
senior	O
U.S.	B-GPE
envoy	O
in	O
a	O
bid	O
to	O
revive	O
an	O
accord	O
to	O
end	O
Angola	B-GPE
's	O
civil	O
war	O
.	O


Details	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
,	O
described	O
by	O
a	O
Zairean	B-NORP
official	O
as	O
``	O
very	O
delicate	O
,	O
''	O
were	O
n't	O
disclosed	O
.	O


PLO	B-ORG
leader	O
Arafat	B-PERSON
insisted	O
on	O
guarantees	O
that	O
any	O
elections	O
in	O
the	O
Israeli	B-NORP
-	O
occupied	O
territories	O
would	O
be	O
impartial	O
.	O


He	O
made	O
his	O
remarks	O
to	O
a	O
PLO	B-ORG
gathering	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
the	O
occupied	O
lands	O
,	O
underground	O
leaders	O
of	O
the	O
Arab	B-NORP
uprising	O
rejected	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
plan	O
to	O
arrange	O
Israeli	B-NORP
-	O
Palestinian	O
talks	O
as	O
Shamir	B-PERSON
opposed	O
holding	O
such	O
discussions	O
in	O
Cairo	B-GPE
.	O


Lebanese	B-NORP
Christian	B-NORP
lawmakers	O
presented	O
to	O
Arab	B-NORP
mediators	O
at	O
talks	O
in	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
proposals	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
Syria	B-GPE
's	O
forces	O
from	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
plan	O
currently	O
under	O
study	O
gives	O
Damascus	B-GPE
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
to	O
pull	O
back	O
to	O
eastern	O
Lebanon	B-GPE
,	O
starting	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
Beirut	B-GPE
's	O
legislature	O
increases	O
political	O
power	O
for	O
Moslems	B-NORP
.	O


Hurricane	B-EVENT
Jerry	I-EVENT
threatened	O
to	O
combine	O
with	O
the	O
highest	O
tides	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
to	O
swamp	O
the	O
Texas	B-GPE
-	O
Louisiana	O
coast	O
.	O


Thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
residents	O
of	O
low	O
-	O
lying	O
areas	O
were	O
ordered	O
to	O
evacuate	O
as	O
the	O
storm	O
headed	O
north	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Gulf	I-LOC
of	I-LOC
Mexico	I-LOC
with	O
80	B-QUANTITY
mph	I-QUANTITY
winds	O
.	O


A	O
group	O
of	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
franchisees	O
said	O
they	O
formed	O
an	O
association	O
to	O
oppose	O
Miami	B-GPE
Beach	I-GPE
financier	O
Victor	B-PERSON
Posner	I-PERSON
's	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
restaurant	O
chain	O
.	O


The	O
decision	O
is	O
the	O
latest	O
move	O
in	O
an	O
escalating	O
battle	O
between	O
the	O
franchisees	O
and	O
Mr.	O
Posner	B-PERSON
that	O
began	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
.	O


At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
a	O
group	O
called	O
R.B.	B-ORG
Partners	I-ORG
Ltd.	I-ORG
,	O
consisting	O
of	O
eight	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
largest	O
franchisees	O
,	O
offered	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
200	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
to	O
buy	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
is	O
part	O
of	O
DWG	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


DWG	B-ORG
is	O
a	O
holding	O
company	O
controlled	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Posner	B-PERSON
.	O


One	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
,	O
Leonard	B-PERSON
H.	I-PERSON
Roberts	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
and	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
of	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
,	O
was	O
fired	O
in	O
a	O
dispute	O
with	O
Mr.	O
Posner	B-PERSON
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
,	O
42	B-CARDINAL
franchisees	O
announced	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
an	O
association	O
--	O
called	O
A.P.	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
--	O
to	O
``	O
preserve	O
the	O
integrity	O
of	O
the	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	O
system	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
franchisees	O
,	O
owners	O
or	O
operators	O
of	O
1,000	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
1,900	B-CARDINAL
franchised	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
,	O
said	O
:	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
concluded	O
that	O
continued	O
control	O
of	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
by	O
Victor	B-PERSON
Posner	I-PERSON
is	O
totally	O
unacceptable	O
to	O
us	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
extremely	O
likely	O
to	O
cause	O
irreparable	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	O
system	O
.	O


We	O
support	O
all	O
efforts	O
to	O
remove	O
Victor	B-PERSON
Posner	I-PERSON
from	O
control	O
of	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
Arby	B-ORG
's	O
system	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
group	O
said	O
it	O
would	O
consider	O
,	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
,	O
withholding	O
royalty	O
payments	O
and	O
initiating	O
a	O
class	O
-	O
action	O
lawsuit	O
seeking	O
court	O
approval	O
for	O
the	O
withholdings	O
.	O


In	O
Florida	B-GPE
,	O
Renee	B-PERSON
Mottram	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
at	O
DWG	B-ORG
,	O
responded	O
:	O
``	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
any	O
individual	O
or	O
group	O
should	O
disrupt	O
a	O
winning	O
system	O
or	O
illegally	O
interfere	O
with	O
existing	O
contractual	O
relationships	O
for	O
their	O
own	O
self	O
-	O
serving	O
motives	O
.	O


September	B-DATE
's	O
steep	O
rise	O
in	O
producer	O
prices	O
shows	O
that	O
inflation	O
still	O
persists	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
pessimism	O
over	O
interest	O
rates	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
new	O
price	O
data	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
's	O
plunge	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


After	O
falling	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
consecutive	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
producer	O
price	O
index	O
for	O
finished	O
goods	O
shot	O
up	O
0.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
Labor	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
reported	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
as	O
energy	O
prices	O
jumped	O
after	O
tumbling	O
through	O
the	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
.	O


Although	O
the	O
report	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
released	O
before	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
opened	O
,	O
did	O
n't	O
trigger	O
the	O
190.58	B-CARDINAL
-	O
point	O
drop	O
in	O
the	O
Dow	O
Jones	O
Industrial	O
Average	O
,	O
analysts	O
said	O
it	O
did	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
's	O
decline	O
.	O


Analysts	O
immediately	O
viewed	O
the	O
price	O
data	O
,	O
the	O
grimmest	O
inflation	O
news	O
in	O
months	B-DATE
,	O
as	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
was	O
unlikely	O
to	O
allow	O
interest	O
rates	O
to	O
fall	O
as	O
many	O
investors	O
had	O
hoped	O
.	O


Further	O
fueling	O
the	O
belief	O
that	O
pressures	O
in	O
the	O
economy	O
were	O
sufficient	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
Fed	B-ORG
from	O
easing	O
credit	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
reported	O
Friday	B-DATE
that	O
retail	O
sales	O
grew	O
0.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
to	O
$	B-MONEY
145.21	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


That	O
rise	O
came	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
a	O
0.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
gain	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
,	O
and	O
suggested	O
there	O
is	O
still	O
healthy	O
consumer	O
demand	O
in	O
the	O
economy	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
Friday	B-DATE
report	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
the	O
actions	O
of	O
the	O
Fed	B-ORG
,	O
weakened	O
the	O
belief	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
imminent	O
easing	O
of	O
monetary	O
policy	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Dederick	I-PERSON
,	O
chief	O
economist	O
at	O
Northern	B-ORG
Trust	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
.	O


But	O
economists	O
were	O
divided	O
over	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
inflation	O
threat	O
signaled	O
by	O
the	O
new	O
numbers	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
overall	O
0.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
increase	O
is	O
serious	O
in	O
itself	O
,	O
but	O
what	O
is	O
even	O
worse	O
is	O
that	O
excluding	O
food	O
and	O
energy	O
,	O
the	O
producer	O
price	O
index	O
still	O
increased	O
by	O
0.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
''	O
said	O
Gordon	B-PERSON
Richards	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
economist	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Manufacturers	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
Sung	B-PERSON
Won	I-PERSON
Sohn	I-PERSON
,	O
chief	O
economist	O
at	O
Norwest	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
in	O
Minneapolis	B-GPE
,	O
blamed	O
rising	O
energy	O
prices	O
and	O
the	O
annual	B-DATE
autumn	B-DATE
increase	O
in	O
car	O
prices	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
September	B-DATE
jump	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
would	O
say	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
bad	O
news	O
;	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
blip	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
core	O
rate	O
is	O
not	O
really	O
out	O
of	O
line	O
.	O
''	O


All	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
energy	O
prices	O
have	O
skewed	O
the	O
producer	O
price	O
index	O
,	O
which	O
measures	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
prices	O
producers	O
receive	O
for	O
goods	O
.	O


Inflation	O
unquestionably	O
has	O
fallen	O
back	O
from	O
its	O
torrid	O
pace	O
last	B-DATE
winter	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
a	O
steep	O
run	O
-	O
up	O
in	O
world	O
oil	O
prices	O
sent	O
the	O
index	O
surging	O
at	O
double	O
-	O
digit	O
annual	B-DATE
rates	O
.	O


Energy	O
prices	O
then	O
plummeted	O
through	O
the	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
,	O
causing	O
the	O
index	O
to	O
decline	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
consecutive	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


Overall	O
,	O
the	O
index	O
has	O
climbed	O
at	O
a	O
5.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compound	O
annual	B-DATE
rate	O
since	O
the	B-DATE
start	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
Labor	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
said	O
.	O


While	O
far	O
more	O
restrained	O
than	O
the	O
pace	O
at	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
beginning	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
that	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
steeper	O
rise	O
than	O
the	O
4.0	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
increase	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
1988	B-DATE
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
good	O
inflation	O
news	O
may	O
have	O
ended	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
energy	O
prices	O
zoomed	O
up	O
6.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
after	O
plunging	O
7.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
August	B-DATE
.	O


Some	O
analysts	O
expect	O
oil	O
prices	O
to	O
remain	O
relatively	O
stable	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
ahead	I-DATE
,	O
leaving	O
the	O
future	O
pace	O
of	O
inflation	O
uncertain	O
.	O


Analysts	O
had	O
expected	O
that	O
the	O
climb	O
in	O
oil	O
prices	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
would	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
substantial	O
rise	O
in	O
the	O
producer	O
price	O
index	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
0.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
climb	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
most	O
anticipated	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
resurgence	O
-LCB-	O
in	O
inflation	O
-RCB-	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
continue	O
for	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
''	O
said	O
John	B-PERSON
Mueller	I-PERSON
,	O
chief	O
economist	O
at	O
Bell	B-ORG
Mueller	I-ORG
Cannon	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Washington	B-GPE
economic	O
forecasting	O
firm	O
.	O


He	O
predicted	O
that	O
inflation	O
will	O
moderate	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
saying	O
that	O
credit	O
conditions	O
are	O
fairly	O
tight	O
world	O
-	O
wide	O
.	O


But	O
Dirk	B-PERSON
Van	I-PERSON
Dongen	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Wholesaler	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
Distributors	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
that	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
rise	O
``	O
is	O
n't	O
as	O
bad	O
an	O
omen	O
''	O
as	O
the	O
0.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
figure	O
suggests	O
.	O


``	O
If	O
you	O
examine	O
the	O
data	O
carefully	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
is	O
concentrated	O
in	O
energy	O
and	O
motor	O
vehicle	O
prices	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
being	O
a	O
broad	O
-	O
based	O
advance	O
in	O
the	O
prices	O
of	O
consumer	O
and	O
industrial	O
goods	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
explained	O
.	O


Passenger	O
car	O
prices	O
jumped	O
3.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
after	O
climbing	O
0.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
August	B-DATE
and	O
declining	O
in	O
the	O
late	B-DATE
spring	I-DATE
and	O
summer	B-DATE
.	O


Many	O
analysts	O
said	O
the	O
September	B-DATE
increase	O
was	O
a	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	O
time	O
event	O
,	O
coming	O
as	O
dealers	O
introduced	O
their	O
1990	B-DATE
models	O
.	O


Although	O
all	O
the	O
price	O
data	O
were	O
adjusted	O
for	O
normal	O
seasonal	O
fluctuations	O
,	O
car	O
prices	O
rose	O
beyond	O
the	O
customary	O
autumn	B-DATE
increase	O
.	O


Prices	O
for	O
capital	O
equipment	O
rose	O
a	O
hefty	O
1.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
while	O
prices	O
for	O
home	O
electronic	O
equipment	O
fell	O
1.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Food	O
prices	O
declined	O
0.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
after	O
climbing	O
0.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
August	B-DATE
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
the	O
retail	O
sales	O
report	O
showed	O
that	O
car	O
sales	O
rose	O
0.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
September	B-DATE
to	O
$	B-MONEY
32.82	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


But	O
at	O
least	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
increase	O
could	O
have	O
come	O
from	O
higher	O
prices	O
,	O
analysts	O
said	O
.	O


Sales	O
at	O
general	O
merchandise	O
stores	O
rose	O
1.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
after	O
declining	O
0.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
August	B-DATE
,	O
while	O
sales	O
of	O
building	O
materials	O
fell	O
1.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
after	O
rising	O
1.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Producer	O
prices	O
for	O
intermediate	O
goods	O
grew	O
0.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
after	O
dropping	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
consecutive	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


Prices	O
for	O
crude	O
goods	O
,	O
an	O
array	O
of	O
raw	O
materials	O
,	O
jumped	O
1.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
after	O
declining	O
1.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
August	B-DATE
and	O
edging	O
up	O
0.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
July	B-DATE
.	O


Here	O
are	O
the	B-ORG
Labor	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
producer	O
price	O
indexes	O
-LRB-	O
1982	B-DATE
=	O
100	B-CARDINAL
-RRB-	O
for	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
before	O
seasonal	O
adjustment	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
percentage	O
changes	O
from	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
1988	B-DATE
.	O


On	O
a	O
recent	O
Saturday	B-DATE
night	B-TIME
,	O
in	O
the	O
midst	O
of	O
West	B-GPE
Germany	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
most	O
popular	O
prime	O
-	O
time	O
show	O
,	O
a	O
contestant	O
bet	O
the	O
host	O
that	O
she	O
could	O
name	O
any	O
of	O
100	B-CARDINAL
different	O
cheeses	O
after	O
just	O
one	B-CARDINAL
nibble	O
,	O
while	O
blindfolded	O
.	O


The	O
woman	O
won	O
the	O
bet	O
.	O


But	O
perhaps	O
even	O
more	O
remarkable	O
,	O
the	O
three	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
-	O
show	O
,	O
``	O
Wetten	B-WORK_OF_ART
Dass	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
-LRB-	O
Make	B-WORK_OF_ART
a	I-WORK_OF_ART
Bet	I-WORK_OF_ART
-RRB-	O
,	O
regularly	O
wins	O
the	O
top	O
slot	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
TV	O
ratings	O
,	O
sometimes	O
drawing	O
as	B-PERCENT
many	I-PERCENT
as	I-PERCENT
50	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
West	B-NORP
German	I-NORP
households	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
1992	B-DATE
economic	O
integration	O
approaches	O
,	O
Europe	B-LOC
's	O
cultural	O
curators	O
have	O
taken	O
to	O
the	O
ramparts	O
against	O
American	B-NORP
``	O
cultural	O
imperialism	O
,	O
''	O
threatening	O
to	O
impose	O
quotas	O
against	O
such	O
pop	O
invaders	O
as	O
``	O
Dallas	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
``	O
Miami	B-WORK_OF_ART
Vice	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
and	O
``	O
L.A.	B-WORK_OF_ART
Law	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


But	O
much	O
of	O
what	O
the	O
Europeans	B-NORP
want	O
to	O
protect	O
seems	O
every	O
bit	O
as	O
cheesy	O
as	O
what	O
they	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
keep	O
out	O
.	O


The	O
most	O
militant	O
opposition	O
to	O
American	B-NORP
TV	O
imports	O
has	O
come	O
from	O
French	B-NORP
television	O
and	O
movie	O
producers	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
demanded	O
quotas	O
ensuring	O
that	O
a	B-PERCENT
full	I-PERCENT
60	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
Europe	B-LOC
's	O
TV	O
shows	O
be	O
produced	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O


So	O
far	O
,	O
the	O
French	B-NORP
have	O
failed	O
to	O
win	O
enough	O
broad	O
-	O
based	O
support	O
to	O
prevail	O
.	O


A	O
glance	O
through	O
the	O
television	O
listings	O
and	O
a	O
few	O
twists	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-NORP
television	O
dial	O
suggest	O
one	B-CARDINAL
reason	O
why	O
.	O


While	O
there	O
are	O
some	O
popular	O
action	O
and	O
drama	O
series	O
,	O
few	O
boast	O
the	O
high	O
culture	O
and	O
classy	O
production	O
values	O
one	O
might	O
expect	O
.	O


More	O
European	B-NORP
air	O
time	O
is	O
filled	O
with	O
low	O
-	O
budget	O
game	O
shows	O
,	O
variety	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
,	O
movies	O
and	O
talk	O
shows	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
authorized	O
knock	O
-	O
offs	O
of	O
their	O
American	B-NORP
counterparts	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
France	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
popular	O
Saturday	B-DATE
night	B-TIME
programs	O
features	O
semi-celebrities	O
seeking	O
out	O
their	O
grammar	O
-	O
school	O
classmates	O
for	O
on	O
-	O
air	O
reunions	O
.	O


A	O
Flemish	B-NORP
game	O
show	O
has	O
as	O
its	O
host	O
a	O
Belgian	B-NORP
pretending	O
to	O
be	O
Italian	B-NORP
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Italy	B-GPE
's	O
favorite	O
shows	O
,	O
``	O
Fantastico	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
a	O
tepid	O
variety	O
show	O
,	O
is	O
so	O
popular	O
that	O
viewers	O
clamored	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
chocolate	O
product	O
,	O
``	O
Cacao	B-PRODUCT
Fantastico	I-PRODUCT
,	O
''	O
whose	O
praises	O
were	O
sung	O
each	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
by	O
dancing	O
showgirls	O
--	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
product	O
did	O
n't	O
exist	O
.	O


Topping	O
the	O
cheese	O
stunt	O
,	O
on	O
another	B-TIME
typical	I-TIME
evening	I-TIME
of	O
fun	O
on	O
``	O
Wetten	B-WORK_OF_ART
Dass	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
a	O
contestant	O
won	O
a	O
bet	O
with	O
the	O
show	O
's	O
host	O
,	O
Thomas	B-PERSON
Gottschalk	I-PERSON
,	O
that	O
he	O
could	O
identify	O
300	B-CARDINAL
German	B-NORP
dialects	O
over	O
the	O
telephone	O
.	O


A	O
celebrity	O
guest	O
,	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Ambassador	O
to	O
West	B-GPE
Germany	I-GPE
Richard	B-PERSON
Burt	I-PERSON
,	O
also	O
won	O
a	O
bet	O
that	O
someone	O
could	O
pile	O
up	O
$	O
150	B-MONEY
worth	O
of	O
quarters	O
on	O
a	O
slanted	O
coin	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Burt	B-PERSON
nonetheless	O
paid	O
the	O
penalty	O
as	O
if	O
he	O
had	O
lost	O
,	O
agreeing	O
to	O
spend	O
a	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
with	O
West	B-NORP
German	I-NORP
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Hans	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Dietrich	I-PERSON
Genscher	I-PERSON
frying	O
and	O
selling	O
their	O
combined	O
weight	O
in	O
potato	O
pancakes	O
.	O


If	O
this	O
seems	O
like	O
pretty	O
weak	O
stuff	O
around	O
which	O
to	O
raise	O
the	O
protectionist	O
barriers	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
because	O
these	O
shows	O
need	O
all	O
the	O
protection	O
they	O
can	O
get	O
.	O


European	B-NORP
programs	O
usually	O
target	O
only	O
their	O
own	O
local	O
audience	O
,	O
and	O
often	O
only	O
a	O
small	O
portion	O
of	O
that	O
.	O


Mega-hits	O
in	O
Germany	B-GPE
or	O
Italy	B-GPE
rarely	O
make	O
it	O
even	O
to	O
France	B-GPE
or	O
Great	B-GPE
Britain	I-GPE
,	O
and	O
almost	O
never	O
show	O
up	O
on	O
U.S.	B-GPE
screens	O
.	O


Attempts	O
to	O
produce	O
``	O
pan-European	B-NORP
''	O
programs	O
have	O
generally	O
resulted	O
in	O
disappointment	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
annual	B-DATE
co-production	O
,	O
the	O
three	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
-	O
long	O
``	O
Eurovision	B-WORK_OF_ART
Song	I-WORK_OF_ART
Contest	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
featuring	O
soft	O
-	O
rock	O
songs	O
from	O
each	O
of	O
20	B-CARDINAL
European	B-NORP
countries	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
boring	O
TV	O
show	O
.	O


Another	O
,	O
``	O
Jeux	B-WORK_OF_ART
Sans	I-WORK_OF_ART
Frontieres	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
where	O
villagers	O
from	O
assorted	O
European	B-NORP
countries	O
make	O
fools	O
of	O
themselves	O
performing	O
pointless	O
tasks	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
hit	O
in	O
France	B-GPE
.	O


A	O
U.S.	B-GPE
-	O
made	O
imitation	O
under	O
the	O
title	O
``	O
Almost	B-WORK_OF_ART
Anything	I-WORK_OF_ART
Goes	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
flopped	O
fast	O
.	O


For	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
,	O
what	O
's	O
made	O
here	O
stays	O
here	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
good	O
reason	O
.	O


The	O
cream	O
of	O
the	O
British	B-NORP
crop	O
,	O
the	O
literary	O
dramas	O
that	O
are	O
shown	O
on	O
U.S.	B-GPE
public	O
television	O
as	O
``	O
Masterpiece	B-WORK_OF_ART
Theater	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
make	O
up	O
a	O
relatively	O
small	O
part	O
of	O
British	B-NORP
air	O
time	O
.	O


Most	O
British	B-NORP
programming	O
is	O
more	O
of	O
an	O
acquired	O
taste	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
``	O
One	B-WORK_OF_ART
Man	I-WORK_OF_ART
and	I-WORK_OF_ART
His	I-WORK_OF_ART
Dog	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
a	O
herding	O
contest	O
among	O
sheep	O
dogs	O
.	O


Also	O
riveting	O
to	O
the	O
British	B-NORP
are	O
hours	B-TIME
of	O
dart	O
-	O
throwing	O
championships	O
,	O
even	B-TIME
more	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
of	O
lawn	O
bowling	O
contests	O
and	O
still	B-TIME
more	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
of	O
snooker	O
marathons	O
.	O


European	B-NORP
drama	O
has	O
had	O
better	O
,	O
though	O
still	O
mixed	O
,	O
fortunes	O
.	O


The	O
most	O
popular	O
such	O
shows	O
focus	O
on	O
narrow	O
national	O
concerns	O
.	O


A	O
French	B-NORP
knock	O
-	O
off	O
of	O
``	O
Dallas	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
called	O
``	O
Chateauvallon	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
and	O
set	O
in	O
a	O
French	B-NORP
vineyard	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
good	O
run	O
in	O
France	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
ended	O
after	O
the	O
female	O
lead	O
was	O
injured	O
in	O
a	O
real	O
-	O
life	O
auto	O
accident	O
.	O


``	O
Schwarzwaldklinik	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
-LRB-	O
Black	B-WORK_OF_ART
Forest	I-WORK_OF_ART
Clinic	I-WORK_OF_ART
-RRB-	O
,	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
German	B-NORP
``	O
St	B-WORK_OF_ART
.	I-WORK_OF_ART
Elsewhere	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
set	O
in	O
a	O
health	O
spa	O
,	O
is	O
popular	O
in	O
Germany	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
has	O
spread	O
into	O
France	B-GPE
.	O


Italy	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
popular	O
series	O
is	O
a	O
drama	O
called	O
``	O
La	B-WORK_OF_ART
Piovra	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
or	O
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Octopus	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
which	O
chronicles	O
the	O
fight	O
of	O
an	O
idealistic	O
young	O
investigator	O
in	O
Palermo	B-GPE
against	O
the	O
Mafia	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
was	O
front	O
-	O
page	O
news	O
in	O
Italy	B-GPE
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
when	O
the	O
fictional	O
inspector	O
was	O
gunned	O
down	O
in	O
the	O
series	O
.	O


Spain	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
popular	O
mini-series	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
was	O
``	O
Juncal	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
the	O
story	O
of	O
an	O
aging	O
bullfighter	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
trend	O
is	O
pretty	O
well	O
established	O
now	O
that	O
local	O
programs	O
are	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
,	O
with	O
American	B-NORP
programs	O
second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
''	O
says	O
Brian	B-PERSON
Wenham	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
former	O
director	O
of	O
programs	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
British	I-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


``	O
Given	O
a	O
choice	O
,	O
everybody	O
will	O
watch	O
a	O
home	O
-	O
produced	O
show	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
frequently	O
there	O
is	O
n't	O
much	O
choice	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
Europe	B-LOC
has	O
begun	O
the	O
recent	O
crusade	O
to	O
produce	O
more	O
worthy	O
shows	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
,	O
programs	O
with	O
broader	O
appeal	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
've	O
basically	O
got	O
to	O
start	O
from	O
scratch	O
,	O
to	O
train	O
writers	O
and	O
producers	O
to	O
make	O
shows	O
that	O
other	O
people	O
will	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
,	O
''	O
concedes	O
Colin	B-PERSON
Young	I-PERSON
,	O
head	O
of	O
Britain	B-GPE
's	O
National	B-ORG
Film	I-ORG
Theatre	I-ORG
School	I-ORG
.	O


While	O
some	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
contend	O
that	O
advertising	O
is	O
the	O
bane	O
of	O
television	O
,	O
here	O
many	O
believe	O
that	O
its	O
absence	O
is	O
to	O
blame	O
for	O
the	O
European	B-NORP
TV	O
industry	O
's	O
sluggish	O
development	O
.	O


Until	O
recently	O
,	O
national	O
governments	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
controlled	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
air	O
time	O
and	O
allowed	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
advertising	O
.	O


Since	O
production	O
costs	O
were	O
guaranteed	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
matter	O
that	O
a	O
program	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
sold	O
abroad	O
or	O
put	O
into	O
syndication	O
,	O
as	O
most	O
American	B-NORP
programs	O
are	O
.	O


But	O
not	O
much	O
money	O
was	O
spent	O
on	O
the	O
shows	O
,	O
either	O
,	O
a	O
situation	O
that	O
encouraged	O
cheap	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
make	O
talk	O
and	O
game	O
shows	O
,	O
while	O
discouraging	O
expensive	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
produce	O
dramas	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
commercial	O
channels	O
are	O
coming	O
to	O
most	O
European	B-NORP
countries	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
satellite	O
and	O
cable	O
technology	O
is	O
spreading	O
rapidly	O
.	O


Just	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
Greece	B-GPE
authorized	O
two	B-CARDINAL
commercial	O
channels	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
;	O
Spain	B-GPE
earlier	O
began	O
to	O
allow	O
commercial	O
television	O
alongside	O
its	O
state	O
channels	O
.	O


The	O
result	O
is	O
a	O
new	O
and	O
huge	O
appetite	O
for	O
programming	O
.	O


But	O
perhaps	O
to	O
the	O
consternation	O
of	O
those	O
calling	O
for	O
quotas	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
this	O
void	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
filled	O
with	O
the	O
cheapest	O
and	O
most	O
plentiful	O
programming	O
now	O
available	O
--	O
reruns	O
--	O
usually	O
of	O
shows	O
made	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
.	O


Sky	B-ORG
Channel	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
British	B-NORP
-	O
based	O
venture	O
of	O
Australian	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
American	I-NORP
press	O
tycoon	O
Rupert	B-PERSON
Murdoch	I-PERSON
,	O
offers	O
what	O
must	O
be	O
a	O
baffling	O
cultural	O
mix	O
to	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
audience	O
.	O


The	O
financially	O
struggling	O
station	O
offers	O
programs	O
obviously	O
made	O
available	O
cheaply	O
from	O
its	O
boss	O
's	O
other	O
ventures	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
Madrid	B-GPE
hotel	O
room	O
recently	O
,	O
a	O
viewer	O
caught	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
a	O
badly	O
acted	O
series	O
about	O
a	O
fishing	O
boat	O
on	O
Australia	B-GPE
's	O
Great	B-LOC
Barrier	I-LOC
Reef	I-LOC
,	O
only	O
to	O
be	O
urged	O
by	O
the	O
British	B-NORP
announcer	O
to	O
``	O
stay	O
tuned	O
for	O
the	O
further	O
adventures	O
of	O
Skippy	O
the	O
Kangaroo	O
.	O
''	O


Lisa	B-PERSON
Grishaw	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Mueller	I-PERSON
in	O
Bonn	B-GPE
,	O
Laura	B-PERSON
Colby	I-PERSON
in	O
Milan	B-GPE
,	O
Tim	B-PERSON
Carrington	I-PERSON
in	O
London	B-GPE
and	O
Carlta	B-PERSON
Vitzhum	I-PERSON
in	O
Madrid	B-GPE
contributed	O
to	O
this	O
article	O
.	O


British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
and	O
France	B-GPE
's	O
Thomson	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
CSF	I-ORG
S.A.	I-ORG
said	O
they	O
are	O
nearing	O
an	O
agreement	O
to	O
merge	O
their	O
guided	O
-	O
missile	O
divisions	O
,	O
greatly	O
expanding	O
collaboration	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
defense	O
contractors	O
.	O


The	O
50	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
50	I-CARDINAL
joint	O
venture	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
dubbed	O
Eurodynamics	B-ORG
,	O
would	O
have	O
combined	O
annual	B-DATE
sales	O
of	O
at	B-MONEY
least	I-MONEY
#	I-MONEY
1.4	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
-LRB-	O
$	B-MONEY
2.17	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
-RRB-	O
and	O
would	O
be	O
among	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
missile	O
makers	O
.	O


After	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
of	O
talks	O
,	O
plans	O
for	O
the	O
venture	O
are	O
sufficiently	O
advanced	O
for	O
the	O
companies	O
to	O
seek	O
French	B-NORP
and	O
British	B-NORP
government	O
clearance	O
.	O


The	O
companies	O
hope	O
for	O
a	O
final	O
agreement	O
by	O
year	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
end	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
venture	O
would	O
strengthen	O
the	O
rapidly	O
growing	O
ties	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
companies	O
,	O
and	O
help	O
make	O
them	O
a	O
leading	O
force	O
in	O
European	B-NORP
defense	O
contracting	O
.	O


In	O
recent	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
string	O
of	O
cross-border	O
mergers	O
and	O
joint	O
ventures	O
have	O
reshaped	O
the	O
once	O
-	O
balkanized	O
world	O
of	O
European	B-NORP
arms	O
manufacture	O
.	O


Already	O
,	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
and	O
French	B-NORP
government	O
-	O
controlled	O
Thomson	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
CSF	I-ORG
collaborate	O
on	O
a	O
British	B-NORP
missile	O
contract	O
and	O
on	O
an	O
air	O
-	O
traffic	O
control	O
radar	O
system	O
.	O


Just	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
they	O
announced	O
they	O
may	O
make	O
a	O
joint	O
bid	O
to	O
buy	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Signal	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
smaller	O
British	B-NORP
defense	O
contractor	O
rocked	O
by	O
alleged	O
accounting	O
fraud	O
at	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
unit	O
.	O


The	O
sudden	O
romance	O
of	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
and	O
Thomson	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
CSF	I-ORG
--	O
traditionally	O
bitter	O
competitors	O
for	O
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
and	O
Third	O
World	O
weapons	O
contracts	O
--	O
is	O
stirring	O
controversy	O
in	O
Western	B-LOC
Europe	I-LOC
's	I-LOC
defense	O
industry	O
.	O


Most	O
threatened	O
by	O
closer	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
Thomson	I-ORG
ties	O
would	O
be	O
their	O
respective	O
national	O
rivals	O
,	O
including	O
Matra	B-ORG
S.A.	I-ORG
in	O
France	B-GPE
and	O
Britain	B-GPE
's	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
neither	O
Matra	B-ORG
nor	O
GEC	B-ORG
--	O
unrelated	O
to	O
Stamford	B-GPE
,	O
Conn.	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
--	O
are	O
sitting	O
quietly	O
by	O
as	O
their	O
competitors	O
join	O
forces	O
.	O


Yesterday	B-DATE
,	O
a	O
source	O
close	O
to	O
GEC	B-ORG
confirmed	O
that	O
his	O
company	O
may	O
join	O
the	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
fight	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
possible	O
consortium	O
that	O
would	O
bid	O
against	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
and	O
Thomson	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
CSF	I-ORG
.	O


Companies	O
with	O
which	O
GEC	B-ORG
has	O
had	O
talks	O
about	O
a	O
possible	O
joint	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
bid	O
include	O
Matra	B-ORG
,	O
Britain	B-GPE
's	O
Dowty	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
,	O
West	B-GPE
Germany	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Daimler	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Benz	I-ORG
AG	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
France	B-GPE
's	O
Dassault	B-ORG
group	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
weeks	B-DATE
before	O
GEC	B-ORG
and	O
its	O
potential	O
partners	O
decide	O
whether	O
to	O
bid	O
,	O
the	O
source	O
indicated	O
.	O


GEC	B-ORG
plans	O
first	B-ORDINAL
to	O
study	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
's	O
financial	O
accounts	O
,	O
which	O
auditors	O
recently	O
said	O
included	O
#	B-MONEY
215	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
fictitious	O
contracts	O
at	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
unit	O
,	O
International	B-ORG
Signal	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Control	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
with	O
which	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
merged	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Also	O
,	O
any	O
GEC	B-ORG
bid	O
might	O
be	O
blocked	O
by	O
British	B-NORP
antitrust	O
regulators	O
;	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
is	O
GEC	B-ORG
's	O
main	O
competitor	O
on	O
several	O
key	O
defense	O
-	O
electronics	O
contracts	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
purchase	O
by	O
GEC	B-ORG
may	O
heighten	O
British	B-ORG
Defense	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
worries	O
about	O
concentration	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
defense	O
industry	O
.	O


A	O
consortium	O
bid	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
would	O
diminish	O
GEC	B-ORG
's	O
direct	O
role	O
in	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
and	O
might	O
consequently	O
appease	O
ministry	O
officials	O
.	O


A	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
spokeswoman	O
appeared	O
unperturbed	O
by	O
the	O
prospect	O
of	O
a	O
fight	O
with	O
GEC	B-ORG
for	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
:	O
``	O
Competition	O
is	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
''	O
she	O
said	O
.	O


At	B-CARDINAL
least	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
potential	O
GEC	B-ORG
partner	O
,	O
Matra	B-ORG
,	O
insists	O
it	O
is	O
n't	O
interested	O
in	O
Ferranti	B-ORG
.	O


``	O
We	O
have	O
nothing	O
to	O
say	O
about	O
this	O
affair	O
,	O
which	O
does	O
n't	O
concern	O
us	O
,	O
''	O
a	O
Matra	B-ORG
official	O
said	O
Sunday	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
missile	O
venture	O
,	O
the	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
spokeswoman	O
said	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
needed	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
``	O
new	O
environment	O
''	O
in	O
defense	O
contracting	O
.	O


For	O
both	O
Thomson	B-ORG
and	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
,	O
earnings	O
in	O
their	O
home	O
markets	O
have	O
come	O
under	O
pressure	O
from	O
increasingly	O
tight	O
-	O
fisted	O
defense	O
ministries	O
;	O
and	O
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
sales	O
,	O
a	O
traditional	O
mainstay	O
for	O
both	O
companies	O
'	O
exports	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
hurt	O
by	O
five	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
of	O
weak	O
oil	O
prices	O
.	O


The	O
venture	O
's	O
importance	O
for	O
Thomson	B-ORG
is	O
great	O
.	O


Thomson	B-ORG
feels	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
its	O
defense	O
business	O
depends	O
on	O
building	O
cooperation	O
with	O
other	O
Europeans	B-NORP
.	O


The	O
European	B-NORP
defense	O
industry	O
is	O
consolidating	O
;	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
West	B-GPE
Germany	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Siemens	B-ORG
AG	I-ORG
recently	O
joined	O
GEC	B-ORG
in	O
a	O
takeover	O
of	O
Britain	B-GPE
's	O
Plessey	B-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
Daimler	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Benz	I-ORG
agreed	O
to	O
buy	O
Messerschmitt	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Boelkow	I-ORG
Blohm	I-ORG
G.m.b	I-ORG
.	I-ORG
H	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
missiles	O
,	O
Thomson	B-ORG
is	O
already	O
overshadowed	O
by	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
and	O
by	O
its	O
home	O
rival	O
,	O
France	B-GPE
's	O
Aerospatiale	B-ORG
S.A.	I-ORG
;	O
to	O
better	O
compete	O
,	O
Thomson	B-ORG
officials	O
say	O
,	O
they	O
need	O
a	O
partnership	O
.	O


To	O
justify	O
50	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
50	I-CARDINAL
ownership	O
of	O
the	O
planned	O
venture	O
,	O
Thomson	B-ORG
would	O
make	O
a	O
cash	O
payment	O
to	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
.	O


Annual	B-DATE
revenue	O
of	O
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
missile	O
business	O
is	O
about	B-MONEY
#	I-MONEY
950	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
,	O
a	O
Thomson	B-ORG
spokesman	O
said	O
.	O


British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
chief	O
missile	O
products	O
include	O
its	O
17	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
family	O
of	O
Rapier	B-PRODUCT
surface	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
air	O
missiles	O
.	O


Thomson	B-ORG
missile	O
products	O
,	O
with	O
about	B-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
British	B-ORG
Aerospace	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
annual	B-DATE
revenue	O
,	O
include	O
the	O
Crotale	B-PRODUCT
surface	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
air	O
missile	O
family	O
.	O


Interprovincial	B-ORG
Pipe	I-ORG
Line	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
will	O
delay	O
a	O
proposed	O
two	B-CARDINAL
-	O
step	O
,	O
830	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Canadian	I-MONEY
-	I-MONEY
dollar	I-MONEY
-LRB-	O
US$	B-MONEY
705.6	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
-RRB-	O
expansion	O
of	O
its	O
system	O
because	O
Canada	B-GPE
's	O
output	O
of	O
crude	O
oil	O
is	O
shrinking	O
.	O


Interprovincial	B-ORG
,	O
Canada	B-GPE
's	O
biggest	O
oil	O
pipeline	O
operator	O
and	O
a	O
major	O
transporter	O
of	O
crude	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
,	O
said	O
revised	O
industry	O
forecasts	O
indicate	O
that	O
Canadian	B-NORP
oil	O
output	O
will	O
total	O
about	B-QUANTITY
1.64	I-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
barrels	I-QUANTITY
a	O
day	O
by	O
1991	B-DATE
,	O
8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
lower	O
than	O
a	O
previous	O
estimate	O
.	O


Canadian	B-NORP
crude	O
production	O
averaged	O
about	B-QUANTITY
1.69	I-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
barrels	I-QUANTITY
a	O
day	O
during	O
1989	B-DATE
's	I-DATE
first	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
,	O
about	B-PERCENT
1	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
below	O
the	O
1988	B-DATE
level	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
capability	O
of	O
existing	O
fields	O
to	O
deliver	O
oil	O
is	O
dropping	O
,	O
''	O
and	O
oil	O
exploration	O
activity	O
is	O
also	O
down	O
dramatically	O
,	O
as	O
many	O
producers	O
shift	O
their	O
emphasis	O
to	O
natural	O
gas	O
,	O
said	O
Ronald	B-PERSON
Watkins	I-PERSON
,	O
vice	O
president	O
for	O
government	O
and	O
industry	O
relations	O
with	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
's	O
parent	O
,	O
Interhome	B-ORG
Energy	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


Mr.	O
Watkins	B-PERSON
said	O
volume	O
on	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
's	O
system	O
is	O
down	O
about	B-PERCENT
2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
since	O
January	B-DATE
and	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
fall	O
further	O
,	O
making	O
expansion	O
unnecessary	O
until	O
perhaps	O
the	O
mid-1990s	B-DATE
.	O


``	O
There	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
swing	O
of	O
the	O
pendulum	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
gas	O
side	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Many	O
of	O
Canada	B-GPE
's	O
oil	O
and	O
gas	O
producers	O
say	O
the	O
outlook	O
for	O
natural	O
gas	O
is	O
better	O
than	O
it	O
is	O
for	O
oil	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
shifted	O
their	O
exploration	O
and	O
development	O
budgets	O
accordingly	O
.	O


The	O
number	O
of	O
active	O
drilling	O
rigs	O
in	O
Canada	B-GPE
is	O
down	O
30	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
completed	O
oil	O
wells	O
is	O
``	O
down	O
more	O
than	O
that	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
increasing	O
focus	O
on	O
gas	O
exploration	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Feick	I-PERSON
,	O
manager	O
of	O
crude	O
oil	O
with	O
Calgary	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Independent	I-ORG
Petroleum	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Canada	I-ORG
,	O
an	O
industry	O
group	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Watkins	B-PERSON
said	O
the	O
main	O
reason	O
for	O
the	O
production	O
decline	O
is	O
shrinking	O
output	O
of	O
light	O
crude	O
from	O
mature	O
,	O
conventional	O
fields	O
in	O
western	O
Canada	B-GPE
.	O


Interprovincial	B-ORG
transports	O
about	B-PERCENT
75	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
all	O
crude	O
produced	O
in	O
western	O
Canada	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
almost	B-PERCENT
60	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
's	O
total	O
volume	O
consists	O
of	O
light	O
crude	O
.	O


Nearly	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
crude	O
oil	O
that	O
Canada	B-GPE
exports	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
is	O
transported	O
on	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
's	O
system	O
,	O
whose	O
main	O
line	O
runs	O
from	O
Edmonton	B-GPE
to	O
major	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
Canadian	B-NORP
cities	O
in	O
the	O
Great	B-LOC
Lakes	I-LOC
region	O
,	O
including	O
Chicago	B-GPE
,	O
Buffalo	B-GPE
,	O
Toronto	B-GPE
and	O
Montreal	B-GPE
.	O


Canada	B-GPE
's	O
current	O
oil	O
exports	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
total	O
about	B-QUANTITY
600,000	I-QUANTITY
barrels	I-QUANTITY
a	O
day	O
,	O
or	O
about	B-PERCENT
9.1	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
net	O
U.S.	B-GPE
crude	O
imports	O
,	O
said	O
John	B-PERSON
Lichtblau	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
-	O
based	O
Petroleum	B-ORG
Industry	I-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
.	O


That	O
ranks	O
Canada	B-GPE
as	O
the	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
-	O
largest	O
source	O
of	O
imported	O
crude	O
,	O
behind	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
,	O
Nigeria	B-GPE
and	O
Mexico	B-GPE
.	O


Mr.	O
Lichtblau	B-PERSON
said	O
Canada	B-GPE
's	O
declining	O
crude	O
output	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
the	O
fast	O
-	O
shrinking	O
output	O
of	O
U.S.	B-GPE
crude	O
,	O
will	O
help	O
intensify	O
U.S.	B-GPE
reliance	O
on	O
oil	O
from	O
overseas	O
,	O
particularly	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
.	O


``	O
It	O
's	O
very	O
much	O
a	O
growing	O
concern	O
.	O


But	O
when	O
something	O
is	O
inevitable	O
,	O
you	O
learn	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Lichtblau	B-PERSON
stressed	O
that	O
the	O
delay	O
of	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
's	O
proposed	O
expansion	O
wo	O
n't	O
by	O
itself	O
increase	O
U.S.	B-GPE
dependence	O
on	O
offshore	O
crude	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
since	O
Canadian	B-NORP
imports	O
are	O
limited	O
in	O
any	O
case	O
by	O
Canada	B-GPE
's	O
falling	O
output	O
.	O


Under	O
terms	O
of	O
its	O
proposed	O
two	B-CARDINAL
-	O
step	O
expansion	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
have	O
required	O
regulatory	O
approval	O
,	O
Interprovincial	B-ORG
intended	O
to	O
add	O
200,000	B-QUANTITY
barrels	I-QUANTITY
a	O
day	O
of	O
additional	O
capacity	O
to	O
its	O
system	O
,	O
beginning	O
with	O
a	O
modest	O
expansion	O
by	O
1991	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
system	O
currently	O
has	O
a	O
capacity	O
of	O
1.55	B-QUANTITY
million	I-QUANTITY
barrels	I-QUANTITY
a	O
day	O
.	O


Population	O
Drain	O
Ends	O
For	O
Midwestern	O
States	O


IOWA	B-GPE
IS	O
MAKING	O
a	O
comeback	O
.	O


So	O
are	O
Indiana	B-GPE
,	O
Ohio	B-GPE
and	O
Michigan	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
population	O
of	O
all	O
four	B-CARDINAL
states	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
upswing	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
new	O
Census	B-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
estimates	O
,	O
following	O
declines	O
throughout	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
1980s	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
gains	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
sure	O
,	O
are	O
rather	O
small	O
.	O


Iowa	B-GPE
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
saw	O
its	O
population	O
grow	O
by	O
11,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
,	O
or	O
0.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
between	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
1988	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
Census	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
says	O
.	O


Still	O
,	O
even	O
that	O
modest	O
increase	O
is	O
good	O
news	O
for	O
a	O
state	O
that	O
had	O
n't	O
grown	O
at	O
all	O
since	O
1981	B-DATE
.	O


Between	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
1988	I-DATE
,	O
North	B-GPE
Dakota	I-GPE
was	O
the	O
only	O
state	O
in	O
the	O
Midwest	B-LOC
to	O
lose	O
population	O
,	O
a	O
loss	O
of	O
4,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
.	O


Six	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
12	B-CARDINAL
midwestern	O
states	O
have	O
been	O
growing	O
steadily	O
since	O
1980	B-DATE
--	O
Illinois	B-GPE
,	O
Kansas	B-GPE
,	O
Minnesota	B-GPE
,	O
Missouri	B-GPE
,	O
South	B-GPE
Dakota	I-GPE
and	O
Wisconsin	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
Northeast	B-LOC
has	O
been	O
holding	O
its	O
own	O
in	O
the	O
population	O
race	O
.	O


Seven	B-CARDINAL
of	O
nine	B-CARDINAL
states	O
have	O
grown	O
each	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
since	O
1980	B-DATE
,	O
including	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
,	O
which	O
lost	O
4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
population	O
during	O
the	B-DATE
1970s	I-DATE
.	O


And	O
although	O
Pennsylvania	B-GPE
and	O
Massachusetts	B-GPE
suffered	O
slight	O
declines	O
earlier	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
decade	I-DATE
,	O
they	O
are	O
growing	O
again	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
several	O
states	O
in	O
the	O
South	B-LOC
and	O
West	B-LOC
have	O
had	O
their	O
own	O
population	O
turnaround	O
.	O


Seven	B-CARDINAL
states	O
that	O
grew	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
1980s	I-DATE
are	O
now	O
losing	O
population	O
--	O
West	B-GPE
Virginia	I-GPE
,	O
Mississippi	B-GPE
,	O
Louisiana	B-GPE
,	O
Oklahoma	B-GPE
,	O
Montana	B-GPE
,	O
Wyoming	B-GPE
and	O
Alaska	B-GPE
.	O


Overall	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
the	O
South	B-LOC
and	O
West	B-LOC
still	O
outpace	O
the	O
Northeast	B-LOC
and	O
Midwest	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
fast	O
-	O
growing	O
states	O
like	O
Florida	B-GPE
and	O
California	B-GPE
ensure	O
that	O
the	O
pattern	O
will	O
continue	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
growth	O
gap	O
between	O
the	B-LOC
Sun	I-LOC
Belt	I-LOC
and	O
other	O
regions	O
has	O
clearly	O
started	O
narrowing	O
.	O


More	O
Elderly	O
Maintain	O
Their	O
Independence	O


THANKS	O
TO	O
modern	O
medicine	O
,	O
more	O
couples	O
are	O
growing	O
old	O
together	O
.	O


And	O
even	O
after	O
losing	O
a	O
spouse	O
,	O
more	O
of	O
the	O
elderly	O
are	O
staying	O
independent	O
.	O


A	O
new	O
Census	B-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
study	O
of	O
the	O
noninstitutionalized	O
population	O
shows	O
that	O
64	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
people	O
aged	B-DATE
65	I-DATE
to	I-DATE
74	I-DATE
were	O
living	O
with	O
a	O
spouse	O
in	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
up	O
from	O
59	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1970	B-DATE
.	O


This	O
does	O
n't	O
mean	O
they	O
're	O
less	O
likely	O
to	O
live	O
alone	O
,	O
however	O
.	O


That	O
share	O
has	O
remained	O
at	O
about	B-PERCENT
24	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
since	O
1970	B-DATE
.	O


What	O
has	O
changed	O
is	O
that	O
more	O
of	O
the	O
young	O
elderly	O
are	O
living	O
with	O
spouses	O
rather	O
than	O
with	O
other	O
relatives	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
children	O
.	O


In	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
those	O
aged	B-DATE
65	I-DATE
to	I-DATE
74	I-DATE
lived	I-DATE
with	O
relatives	O
other	O
than	O
spouses	O
,	O
down	O
from	O
15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1970	B-DATE
.	O


As	O
people	O
get	O
even	O
older	O
,	O
many	O
become	O
widowed	O
.	O


But	O
even	O
among	O
those	O
aged	B-DATE
75	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
older	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
share	O
living	O
with	O
a	O
spouse	O
rose	O
slightly	O
,	O
to	O
40	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1988	B-DATE
from	O
38	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1970	B-DATE
.	O


Like	O
their	O
younger	O
counterparts	O
,	O
the	O
older	O
elderly	O
are	O
less	O
likely	O
to	O
live	O
with	O
other	O
relatives	O
.	O


Only	B-PERCENT
17	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
those	O
aged	B-DATE
75	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
older	I-DATE
lived	O
with	O
relatives	O
other	O
than	O
spouses	O
in	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
down	O
from	O
26	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1970	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
likelihood	O
of	O
living	O
alone	O
beyond	O
the	B-DATE
age	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
75	I-DATE
has	O
increased	O
to	O
40	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
32	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


More	O
people	O
are	O
remaining	O
independent	O
longer	O
presumably	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
better	O
off	O
physically	O
and	O
financially	O
.	O


Careers	O
Count	O
Most	O
For	O
the	O
Well	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
Do	O


MANY	O
AFFLUENT	O
people	O
place	O
personal	O
success	O
and	O
money	O
above	O
family	O
.	O


At	O
least	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
a	O
survey	O
by	O
Ernst	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Young	I-ORG
and	O
Yankelovich	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Clancy	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Shulman	I-ORG
indicates	O
.	O


Two	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
thirds	I-CARDINAL
of	O
respondents	O
said	O
they	O
strongly	O
felt	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
successful	O
in	O
their	O
jobs	O
,	O
while	O
fewer	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
said	O
they	O
strongly	O
felt	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
spend	O
more	O
time	O
with	O
their	O
families	O
.	O


Being	O
successful	O
in	O
careers	O
and	O
spending	O
the	O
money	O
they	O
make	O
are	O
top	O
priorities	O
for	O
this	O
group	O
.	O


Unlike	O
most	O
studies	O
of	O
the	O
affluent	O
market	O
,	O
this	O
survey	O
excluded	O
the	O
super-rich	O
.	O


Average	O
household	O
income	O
for	O
the	O
sample	O
was	O
$	O
194,000	B-MONEY
,	O
and	O
average	O
net	O
assets	O
were	O
reported	O
as	O
$	O
775,000	B-MONEY
.	O


The	O
goal	O
was	O
to	O
learn	O
about	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
fastest	O
-	O
growing	O
income	O
groups	O
,	O
the	O
upper	O
-	O
middle	O
class	O
.	O


Although	O
they	O
represent	O
only	B-PERCENT
2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
population	O
,	O
they	O
control	O
nearly	B-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
of	O
discretionary	O
income	O
.	O


Across	O
the	O
board	O
,	O
these	O
consumers	O
value	O
quality	O
,	O
buy	O
what	O
they	O
like	O
rather	O
than	O
just	O
what	O
they	O
need	O
,	O
and	O
appreciate	O
products	O
that	O
are	O
distinctive	O
.	O


Despite	O
their	O
considerable	O
incomes	O
and	O
assets	O
,	O
40	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
respondents	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
financially	O
secure	O
,	O
and	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
fourth	I-CARDINAL
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
made	O
it	O
.	O


Twenty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
do	O
n't	O
even	O
feel	O
they	O
are	O
financially	O
well	O
off	O
.	O


Many	O
of	O
the	O
affluent	O
are	O
n't	O
comfortable	O
with	O
themselves	O
,	O
either	O
.	O


About	B-PERCENT
40	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
they	O
're	O
more	O
able	O
than	O
others	O
.	O


While	O
twothirds	B-CARDINAL
feel	O
some	O
guilt	O
about	O
being	O
affluent	O
,	O
only	B-PERCENT
25	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
give	O
$	O
2,500	B-MONEY
or	O
more	O
to	O
charity	O
each	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Thirty	B-PERCENT
-	I-PERCENT
five	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
attend	O
religious	O
services	O
regularly	O
;	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
60	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
feel	O
that	O
in	O
life	O
one	O
sometimes	O
has	O
to	O
compromise	O
one	O
's	O
principles	O
.	O


Odds	O
and	O
Ends	O


THE	O
NUMBER	O
of	O
women	O
and	O
minorities	O
who	O
hold	O
jobs	O
in	O
top	O
management	O
in	O
the	O
nation	O
's	O
largest	O
banks	O
has	O
more	O
than	O
doubled	O
since	O
1978	B-DATE
.	O


The	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Bankers	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
says	O
that	O
women	O
make	O
up	O
47	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
officials	O
and	O
managers	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
50	B-CARDINAL
banks	O
,	O
up	O
from	O
33	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
1978	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
share	O
of	O
minorities	O
in	O
those	O
positions	O
has	O
risen	O
to	O
16	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
12	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
...	O
.	O


Per	O
-	O
capita	O
personal	O
income	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
grew	O
faster	O
than	O
inflation	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
Analysis	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
amount	O
of	O
income	O
divvied	O
up	O
for	O
each	O
man	O
,	O
woman	O
and	O
child	O
was	O
$	O
16,489	B-MONEY
in	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
up	O
6.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
$	O
15,472	B-MONEY
in	O
1987	B-DATE
.	O


Per	O
capita	O
personal	O
income	O
ranged	O
from	O
$	O
11,116	B-MONEY
in	O
Mississippi	B-GPE
to	O
$	O
23,059	B-MONEY
in	O
Connecticut	B-GPE
...	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
13.1	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
students	O
in	O
college	O
this	B-DATE
fall	I-DATE
,	O
up	O
2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
1988	B-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Education	I-ORG
Statistics	I-ORG
estimates	O
.	O


About	B-PERCENT
54	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
are	O
women	O
,	O
and	O
44	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
are	O
part	O
-	O
time	O
students	O
.	O


This	O
small	O
Dallas	B-GPE
suburb	O
's	O
got	O
trouble	O
.	O


Trouble	O
with	O
a	O
capital	O
T	O
and	O
that	O
rhymes	O
with	O
P	O
and	O
that	O
stands	O
for	O
pool	O
.	O


More	O
than	O
30	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
Prof.	O
Harold	B-PERSON
Hill	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
con	O
man	O
in	O
Meredith	B-PERSON
Willson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Music	I-WORK_OF_ART
Man	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
warned	O
the	O
citizens	O
of	O
River	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
,	O
Iowa	B-GPE
,	O
against	O
the	O
game	O
.	O


Now	O
kindred	O
spirits	O
on	O
Addison	B-GPE
's	O
town	O
council	O
have	O
barred	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
fanciest	O
hotel	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Grand	I-ORG
Kempinski	I-ORG
,	O
from	O
installing	O
three	B-CARDINAL
free	O
pool	O
tables	O
in	O
its	O
new	O
lounge	O
.	O


Mayor	O
Lynn	B-PERSON
Spruill	I-PERSON
and	O
two	B-CARDINAL
members	O
of	O
the	O
council	O
said	O
they	O
were	O
worried	O
about	O
setting	O
a	O
precedent	O
that	O
would	O
permit	O
pool	O
halls	O
along	O
Addison	B-GPE
's	O
main	O
street	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
mayor	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
admonition	O
that	O
bears	O
a	O
rhythmic	O
resemblance	O
to	O
Prof.	O
Hill	B-PERSON
's	O
,	O
warned	O
that	O
``	O
alcohol	O
leads	O
to	O
betting	O
,	O
which	O
leads	O
to	O
fights	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
council	O
's	O
action	O
is	O
yet	O
another	O
blow	O
to	O
a	O
sport	O
that	O
its	O
fans	O
claim	O
has	O
been	O
maligned	O
unjustly	O
for	O
years	B-DATE
.	O


``	O
Obviously	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
in	O
touch	O
with	O
what	O
's	O
going	O
on	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Manske	I-PERSON
,	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Pocket	I-ORG
Billiards	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
.	O


Pool	O
is	O
hot	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
and	O
Chicago	B-GPE
,	O
he	O
insists	O
,	O
where	O
``	O
upscale	O
,	O
suit	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
tie	O
places	O
''	O
are	O
adding	O
tables	O
.	O


With	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
tougher	O
drunk	O
driving	O
laws	O
,	O
he	O
adds	O
,	O
``	O
people	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
just	O
sit	O
around	O
and	O
drink	O
.	O
''	O


Besides	O
,	O
rowdy	O
behavior	O
seems	O
unlikely	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
Grand	I-ORG
Kempinski	I-ORG
,	O
where	O
rooms	O
average	O
$	O
200	B-MONEY
a	O
night	O
and	O
the	O
cheap	O
mixed	O
drinks	O
go	O
for	O
$	O
3.50	B-MONEY
a	O
pop	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
lounge	O
,	O
manager	O
Elizabeth	B-PERSON
Dyer	I-PERSON
wo	O
n't	O
admit	O
patrons	O
in	O
jeans	O
,	O
T	O
-	O
shirts	O
or	O
tennis	O
shoes	O
.	O


But	O
a	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
Addison	B-GPE
council	O
did	O
n't	O
buy	O
those	O
arguments	O
.	O


Introducing	O
pool	O
,	O
argued	O
Councilwoman	O
Riley	B-PERSON
Reinker	I-PERSON
,	O
would	O
be	O
``	O
dangerous	O
.	O


It	O
would	O
open	O
a	O
can	O
of	O
worms	O
.	O
''	O


Addison	B-GPE
is	O
no	O
stranger	O
to	O
cans	O
of	O
worms	O
,	O
either	O
.	O


After	O
its	O
previous	O
mayor	O
committed	O
suicide	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
an	O
investigation	O
disclosed	O
that	O
town	O
officials	O
regularly	O
voted	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
projects	O
,	O
gave	O
special	O
favors	O
to	O
developer	O
friends	O
and	O
dipped	O
into	O
the	O
town	O
's	O
coffers	O
for	O
trips	O
and	O
retreats	O
.	O


The	O
revelations	O
embarrassed	O
town	O
officials	O
,	O
although	O
they	O
argued	O
that	O
the	O
problems	O
were	O
n't	O
as	O
severe	O
as	O
the	O
media	O
suggested	O
.	O


Now	O
comes	O
the	O
pool	O
flap	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
some	O
people	O
worried	O
about	O
something	O
pretty	O
ridiculous	O
,	O
''	O
Councilman	O
John	B-PERSON
Nolan	I-PERSON
says	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
thought	O
this	O
was	O
all	O
taken	O
care	O
of	O
in	O
`	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Music	I-WORK_OF_ART
Man	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


The	O
only	O
thing	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Goldberg	I-PERSON
could	O
praise	O
about	O
CBS	B-ORG
's	O
new	O
show	O
``	O
Island	B-WORK_OF_ART
Son	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
-LRB-	O
Leisure	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Arts	I-ORG
,	O
Sept.	B-DATE
25	I-DATE
-RRB-	O
was	O
the	O
local	O
color	O
;	O
unfortunately	O
neither	O
he	O
nor	O
the	O
producers	O
of	O
the	O
show	O
have	O
done	O
their	O
homework	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
:	O
``	O
Haole	O
''	O
-LRB-	O
white	O
-RRB-	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
ultimate	O
insult	O
;	O
``	O
Mainland	O
haole	O
''	O
is	O
.	O


Richard	B-PERSON
Chamberlain	I-PERSON
dresses	O
as	O
a	O
``	O
Mainland	O
haole	O
,	O
''	O
tucking	O
in	O
a	O
Hawaiian	B-NORP
shirt	O
and	O
rolling	O
up	O
its	O
long	O
sleeves	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
local	O
expression	O
for	O
brother	O
is	O
``	O
brah	O
,	O
''	O
not	O
``	O
bruddah	O
.	O
''	O


And	O
even	O
if	O
a	O
nurse	O
would	O
wear	O
flowers	O
in	O
her	O
hair	O
while	O
on	O
duty	O
,	O
if	O
she	O
were	O
engaged	O
she	O
would	O
know	O
to	O
wear	O
them	O
behind	O
her	O
left	O
,	O
not	O
right	O
,	O
ear	O
.	O


Sorry	O
,	O
the	O
show	O
does	O
not	O
even	O
have	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
redeeming	O
quality	O
of	O
genuine	O
local	O
color	O
.	O


Anita	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON


Of	O
all	O
the	O
ethnic	O
tensions	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
troublesome	O
right	O
now	O
?	O


A	O
good	O
bet	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
tension	O
between	O
blacks	O
and	O
Jews	B-NORP
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
City	I-GPE
.	O


Or	O
so	O
it	O
must	O
seem	O
to	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
Mason	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
veteran	O
Jewish	B-NORP
comedian	O
appearing	O
in	O
a	O
new	O
ABC	B-ORG
sitcom	O
airing	O
on	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
nights	B-TIME
-LRB-	O
9:30	O
-	O
10	O
p.m.	B-TIME
EDT	I-TIME
-RRB-	O
.	O


Not	O
only	O
is	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
the	O
star	O
of	O
``	O
Chicken	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soup	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
he	O
's	O
also	O
the	O
inheritor	O
of	O
a	O
comedic	O
tradition	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
``	O
Duck	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soup	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
currently	O
a	O
man	O
in	O
hot	O
water	O
.	O


Here	O
,	O
in	O
neutral	O
language	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
gist	O
of	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
remarks	O
,	O
quoted	O
first	B-ORDINAL
in	O
the	B-ORG
Village	I-ORG
Voice	I-ORG
while	O
he	O
was	O
a	O
paid	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
Rudolph	B-PERSON
Giuliani	I-PERSON
mayoral	O
campaign	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
in	O
Newsweek	B-ORG
after	O
he	O
and	O
the	O
campaign	O
parted	O
company	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
said	O
that	O
many	O
Jewish	B-NORP
voters	O
feel	O
guilty	O
toward	O
blacks	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
support	O
black	O
candidates	O
uncritically	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
many	O
black	O
voters	O
feel	O
bitter	O
about	O
racial	O
discrimination	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
,	O
too	O
,	O
support	O
black	O
candidates	O
uncritically	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
Jews	B-NORP
have	O
contributed	O
more	O
to	O
black	O
causes	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
than	O
vice	O
versa	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
did	O
not	O
use	O
neutral	O
language	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
practitioner	O
of	O
ethnic	O
humor	O
from	O
the	B-DATE
old	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
on	O
the	B-LOC
Borscht	I-LOC
Belt	I-LOC
,	O
live	O
television	O
and	O
the	O
nightclub	O
circuit	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
instinctively	O
reached	O
for	O
the	O
vernacular	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
Jews	B-NORP
were	O
``	O
sick	O
with	O
complexes	O
''	O
;	O
and	O
he	O
called	O
David	B-PERSON
Dinkins	I-PERSON
,	O
Mr.	O
Giuliani	B-PERSON
's	O
black	O
opponent	O
,	O
``	O
a	O
fancy	O
shvartze	O
with	O
a	O
mustache	O
.	O
''	O


If	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
had	O
used	O
less	O
derogatory	O
language	O
to	O
articulate	O
his	O
amateur	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
voting	O
behavior	O
of	O
his	O
fellow	O
New	B-NORP
Yorkers	I-NORP
,	O
would	O
the	O
water	O
be	O
quite	O
so	O
hot	O
?	O


It	O
probably	O
would	O
,	O
because	O
few	O
or	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
upset	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
remarks	O
have	O
bothered	O
to	O
distinguish	O
between	O
the	O
substance	O
of	O
his	O
comments	O
and	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
he	O
used	O
insulting	O
language	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
some	O
of	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
critics	O
have	O
implied	O
that	O
his	O
type	O
of	O
ethnic	O
humor	O
is	O
itself	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
racism	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
state	O
counsel	O
for	O
the	O
NAACP	B-ORG
said	O
that	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
is	O
``	O
like	O
a	O
dinosaur	O
.	O


People	O
are	O
fast	O
leaving	O
the	O
place	O
where	O
he	O
is	O
stuck	O
.	O
''	O


These	O
critics	O
fail	O
to	O
distinguish	O
between	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
ethnic	O
humor	O
that	O
aims	O
at	O
disparaging	O
another	O
group	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
``	O
Polish	B-NORP
jokes	O
''	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
type	O
that	O
is	O
double	O
-	O
edged	O
,	O
aiming	O
inward	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
outward	O
.	O


The	O
latter	O
typically	O
is	O
the	O
humor	O
of	O
the	O
underdog	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
perfected	O
by	O
both	O
blacks	O
and	O
Jews	B-NORP
on	O
the	O
minstrel	O
and	O
vaudeville	O
stage	O
as	O
a	O
means	O
of	O
mocking	O
their	O
white	O
and	O
gentile	O
audiences	O
along	O
with	O
themselves	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
hands	O
of	O
a	O
zealot	O
like	O
Lenny	B-PERSON
Bruce	I-PERSON
,	O
this	O
double	O
-	O
edged	O
blade	O
could	O
cut	O
both	O
the	O
self	O
and	O
the	O
audience	O
to	O
ribbons	O
.	O


But	O
wielded	O
by	O
a	O
pro	O
like	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
Mason	I-PERSON
,	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
constructive	O
form	O
of	O
mischief	O
.	O


Why	O
constructive	O
?	O


Because	O
despite	O
all	O
the	O
media	O
prattle	O
about	O
comedy	O
and	O
politics	O
not	O
mixing	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
similar	O
in	O
one	B-CARDINAL
respect	O
:	O
Both	O
can	O
serve	O
as	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
easing	O
tensions	O
and	O
facilitating	O
the	O
co-existence	O
of	O
groups	O
in	O
conflict	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
why	O
it	O
's	O
dangerous	O
to	O
have	O
well	O
-	O
intentioned	O
thought	O
police	O
,	O
on	O
college	O
campuses	O
and	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
taboo	O
all	O
critical	O
mention	O
of	O
group	O
differences	O
.	O


As	O
Elizabeth	B-PERSON
Kristol	I-PERSON
wrote	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
just	O
before	O
the	O
Mason	B-PERSON
donnybrook	O
,	O
``	O
Perhaps	O
intolerance	O
would	O
not	O
boil	O
over	O
with	O
such	O
intensity	O
if	O
honest	O
differences	O
were	O
allowed	O
to	O
simmer	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
question	O
is	O
,	O
if	O
group	O
conflicts	O
still	O
exist	O
-LRB-	O
as	O
undeniably	O
they	O
do	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
type	O
of	O
ethnic	O
humor	O
is	O
passe	O
,	O
then	O
what	O
other	O
means	O
do	O
we	O
have	O
for	O
letting	O
off	O
steam	O
?	O


Do	O
n't	O
say	O
the	O
TV	O
sitcom	O
,	O
because	O
that	O
happens	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
genre	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
its	O
desperate	O
need	O
to	O
attract	O
everybody	O
and	O
offend	O
nobody	O
,	O
resembles	O
politics	O
more	O
than	O
it	O
does	O
comedy	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
true	O
that	O
the	O
best	O
sitcoms	O
do	O
allow	O
group	O
differences	O
to	O
simmer	O
:	O
yuppies	O
vs.	O
blue	O
-	O
collar	O
Bostonians	B-NORP
in	O
``	O
Cheers	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
;	O
children	O
vs.	O
adults	O
in	O
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Cosby	I-WORK_OF_ART
Show	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


But	O
these	O
are	O
not	O
the	O
differences	O
that	O
make	O
headlines	O
.	O


In	O
``	O
Chicken	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soup	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
plays	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
Jewish	B-NORP
bachelor	O
courting	O
Maddie	B-PERSON
-LRB-	B-PERSON
Lynn	I-PERSON
Redgrave	I-PERSON
-RRB-	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
Irish	B-NORP
widow	O
and	O
mother	O
of	O
three	B-CARDINAL
,	O
against	O
the	O
wishes	O
of	O
his	O
mother	O
-LRB-	O
Rita	B-PERSON
Karin	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O
and	O
her	O
brother	O
Michael	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
Brandon	B-PERSON
Maggart	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
worth	O
noting	O
that	O
both	O
disapproving	O
relatives	O
are	O
immigrants	O
.	O


At	O
least	O
,	O
they	O
both	O
speak	O
with	O
strong	O
accents	O
,	O
as	O
do	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
and	O
Maddie	B-PERSON
.	O


It	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
more	O
obvious	O
that	O
``	O
Chicken	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soup	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
is	O
being	O
made	O
from	O
an	O
old	O
recipe	O
.	O


And	O
a	O
safe	O
one	O
--	O
imagine	O
if	O
the	O
romance	O
in	O
question	O
were	O
between	O
an	B-NORP
Orthodox	I-NORP
Jew	I-NORP
and	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
the	B-NORP
Nation	I-NORP
of	I-NORP
Islam	I-NORP
.	O


Back	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
1920s	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
play	O
and	O
movie	O
versions	O
of	O
``	O
Abie	B-WORK_OF_ART
's	I-WORK_OF_ART
Irish	I-WORK_OF_ART
Rose	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
made	O
the	O
theme	O
of	O
courtship	O
between	O
the	O
assimilated	O
offspring	O
of	O
Jewish	B-NORP
and	O
Irish	B-NORP
immigrants	O
so	O
popular	O
that	O
its	O
author	O
,	O
Anne	B-PERSON
Nichols	I-PERSON
,	O
lost	O
a	O
plagiarism	O
suit	O
on	O
the	O
grounds	O
that	O
the	O
plot	O
has	O
entered	O
the	O
public	O
domain	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
has	O
remained	O
there	O
,	O
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
its	O
reappearance	O
in	O
a	O
1972	B-DATE
CBS	B-ORG
sitcom	O
called	O
``	O
Bridget	B-WORK_OF_ART
Loves	I-WORK_OF_ART
Bernie	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
whose	O
sole	O
distinction	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
real	O
-	O
life	O
marriage	O
of	O
Meredith	B-PERSON
Baxter	I-PERSON
and	O
David	B-PERSON
Birney	I-PERSON
.	O


Clearly	O
,	O
the	O
question	O
with	O
``	O
Chicken	B-WORK_OF_ART
Soup	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
is	O
not	O
whether	O
the	O
pot	O
will	O
boil	O
over	O
,	O
but	O
whether	O
it	O
will	O
simmer	O
at	O
all	O
.	O


So	O
far	O
,	O
the	O
bubbles	O
have	O
been	O
few	O
and	O
far	O
between	O
.	O


Part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
is	O
the	O
tendency	O
of	O
all	O
sitcoms	O
,	O
ever	O
since	O
the	B-DATE
didactic	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
Norman	B-PERSON
Lear	I-PERSON
,	O
to	O
preach	O
about	O
social	O
issues	O
.	O


To	O
some	O
extent	O
,	O
this	O
tendency	O
emerges	O
whenever	O
the	O
show	O
tries	O
to	O
enlighten	O
us	O
about	O
ethnic	O
stereotypes	O
by	O
reversing	O
them	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
Michael	B-PERSON
dislikes	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
not	O
because	O
he	O
's	O
a	O
shrewd	O
Jewish	B-NORP
businessman	O
,	O
but	O
because	O
he	O
quits	O
his	O
well	O
-	O
paying	O
job	O
as	O
a	O
salesman	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
social	O
worker	O
.	O


Even	O
more	O
problematic	O
is	O
the	O
incompatibility	O
between	O
sitcom	O
preachiness	O
and	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
comic	O
persona	O
.	O


The	O
best	O
moments	O
in	O
the	O
show	O
occur	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
and	O
the	O
end	O
-LRB-	O
and	O
occasionally	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
when	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
slips	O
into	O
his	O
standup	O
mode	O
and	O
starts	O
meting	O
out	O
that	O
old	O
-	O
fashioned	O
Jewish	B-NORP
mischief	O
to	O
other	O
people	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
himself	O
.	O


But	O
too	O
often	O
,	O
these	O
routines	O
lack	O
spark	O
because	O
this	O
sitcom	O
,	O
like	O
all	O
sitcoms	O
,	O
is	O
timid	O
about	O
confronting	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
's	O
stock	O
in	O
trade	O
-	O
ethnic	O
differences	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
suggesting	O
that	O
the	O
producers	O
start	O
putting	O
together	O
episodes	O
about	O
topics	O
like	O
the	O
Catholic	B-NORP
-	O
Jewish	O
dispute	O
over	O
the	O
Carmelite	B-NORP
convent	O
at	O
Auschwitz	B-FAC
.	O


That	O
issue	O
,	O
like	O
racial	O
tensions	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
City	I-GPE
,	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
cool	O
down	O
,	O
not	O
heat	O
up	O
,	O
before	O
it	O
can	O
simmer	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
am	O
suggesting	O
that	O
they	O
stop	O
requiring	O
Mr.	O
Mason	B-PERSON
to	O
interrupt	O
his	O
classic	O
shtik	O
with	O
some	O
line	O
about	O
``	O
caring	O
for	O
other	O
people	O
''	O
that	O
would	O
sound	O
shmaltzy	O
on	O
the	O
lips	O
of	O
Miss	B-PERSON
America	I-PERSON
.	O


At	O
your	O
age	O
,	O
Jackie	B-PERSON
,	O
you	O
ought	O
to	O
know	O
that	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
make	O
soup	O
without	O
turning	O
up	O
the	O
flame	O
.	O


The	O
official	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
reaction	O
to	O
a	O
plunge	O
in	O
stock	O
prices	O
has	O
a	O
60	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
history	O
of	O
calm	O
,	O
right	O
up	O
through	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


Treasury	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Nicholas	B-PERSON
Brady	I-PERSON
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
Friday	B-DATE
that	O
the	O
stock	O
-	O
market	O
decline	O
``	O
does	O
n't	O
signal	O
any	O
fundamental	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
condition	O
of	O
the	O
economy	O
.	O
''	O


``	O
The	O
economy	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
added	O
,	O
``	O
remains	O
well	O
-	O
balanced	O
and	O
the	O
outlook	O
is	O
for	O
continued	O
moderate	O
growth	O
.	O
''	O


Sound	O
familiar	O
?	O


Here	O
's	O
what	O
Ronald	B-PERSON
Reagan	I-PERSON
said	O
after	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
:	O
``	O
The	O
underlying	O
economy	O
remains	O
sound	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
nothing	O
wrong	O
with	O
the	O
economy	O
...	O
all	O
the	O
indices	O
are	O
up	O
.	O
''	O


Heard	O
that	O
before	O
?	O


After	O
the	O
1929	B-DATE
crash	O
,	O
Herbert	B-PERSON
Hoover	I-PERSON
said	O
:	O
``	O
The	O
fundamental	O
business	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
...	O
is	O
on	O
a	O
sound	O
and	O
prosperous	O
basis	O
.	O


James	B-PERSON
Robinson	I-PERSON
,	O
57	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
,	O
was	O
elected	O
president	O
and	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
of	O
this	O
maker	O
of	O
magnetic	O
recording	O
heads	O
for	O
disk	O
drives	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
been	O
president	O
and	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
of	O
Amperex	B-ORG
Electronics	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
division	O
of	O
North	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Philips	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
itself	O
a	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
N.V	B-ORG
.	I-ORG
Philips	I-ORG
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
.	O


Charles	B-PERSON
J.	I-PERSON
Lawson	I-PERSON
Jr.	I-PERSON
,	O
68	B-DATE
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
acting	O
chief	O
executive	O
since	O
June	B-DATE
14	I-DATE
,	O
will	O
continue	O
as	O
chairman	O
.	O


The	O
former	O
president	O
and	O
chief	O
executive	O
,	O
Eric	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Markrud	I-PERSON
,	O
resigned	O
in	O
June	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
Senate	B-ORG
's	O
decision	O
to	O
approve	O
a	O
bare	O
-	O
bones	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
bill	O
without	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
still	O
leaves	O
open	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
enacting	O
a	O
gains	O
tax	O
reduction	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Late	B-DATE
Friday	I-DATE
night	B-TIME
,	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
voted	O
87	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
7	I-CARDINAL
to	O
approve	O
an	O
estimated	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
13.5	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
measure	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
stripped	O
of	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
provisions	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
widened	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
narrowed	O
,	O
the	O
federal	O
budget	O
deficit	O
.	O


Lawmakers	O
drastically	O
streamlined	O
the	O
bill	O
to	O
blunt	O
criticism	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
bloated	O
with	O
special	O
-	O
interest	O
tax	O
breaks	O
and	O
spending	O
increases	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
're	O
putting	O
a	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
bill	O
back	O
in	O
the	O
category	O
of	O
being	O
a	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
bill	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Senate	B-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Chairman	O
James	B-PERSON
Sasser	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Tenn	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O


But	O
Senate	B-ORG
supporters	O
of	O
the	O
trimmer	O
legislation	O
said	O
that	O
other	O
bills	O
would	O
soon	O
be	O
moving	O
through	O
Congress	B-ORG
that	O
could	O
carry	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
measures	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
cast	O
aside	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
companion	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
bill	O
already	O
passed	O
by	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
includes	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
provision	O
.	O


House	B-ORG
-	O
Senate	O
negotiations	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
begin	O
at	O
midweek	B-DATE
and	O
last	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
.	O


``	O
No	O
one	O
can	O
predict	O
exactly	O
what	O
will	O
happen	O
on	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
side	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Senate	B-ORG
Minority	O
Leader	O
Robert	B-PERSON
Dole	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R.	B-NORP
,	O
Kan	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
he	O
added	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
believe	O
Republicans	B-NORP
and	O
Democrats	B-NORP
will	O
work	O
together	O
to	O
get	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
reform	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O
''	O


White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Budget	O
Director	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Darman	I-PERSON
told	O
reporters	O
yesterday	B-DATE
that	O
the	O
administration	O
would	O
n't	O
push	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
cut	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
bill	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
get	O
capital	O
gains	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


House	B-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Leon	B-PERSON
Panetta	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Calif	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
signal	O
that	O
comes	O
from	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
,	O
that	O
will	O
help	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Senate	B-ORG
's	O
decision	O
was	O
a	O
setback	O
for	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
and	O
will	O
make	O
approval	O
of	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
less	O
certain	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Opponents	O
of	O
the	O
cut	O
are	O
playing	O
hardball	O
.	O


Senate	B-ORG
Majority	O
Leader	O
George	B-PERSON
Mitchell	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Maine	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
said	O
he	O
was	O
``	O
confident	O
''	O
that	O
any	O
House	B-ORG
-	O
Senate	O
agreement	O
on	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
legislation	O
would	O
n't	O
include	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
.	O


And	O
a	O
senior	O
aide	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Ways	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Means	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
where	O
tax	O
legislation	O
originates	O
,	O
said	O
there	O
are	O
n't	O
any	O
``	O
plans	O
to	O
produce	O
another	O
tax	O
bill	O
that	O
could	O
carry	O
a	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O
''	O


One	B-CARDINAL
obvious	O
place	O
to	O
attach	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
,	O
and	O
perhaps	O
other	O
popular	O
items	O
stripped	O
from	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
bill	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
legislation	O
to	O
raise	O
the	O
federal	O
borrowing	O
limit	O
.	O


Such	O
legislation	O
must	O
be	O
enacted	O
by	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
Senate	B-ORG
bill	O
was	O
pared	O
back	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
speed	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
through	O
Congress	B-ORG
.	O


Because	O
the	O
legislation	O
has	O
n't	O
been	O
completed	O
,	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
has	O
until	O
midnight	B-TIME
tonight	I-TIME
to	O
enact	O
across	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
board	O
spending	O
cuts	O
mandated	O
by	O
the	O
Gramm	B-LAW
-	I-LAW
Rudman	I-LAW
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
law	O
.	O


Senators	O
hope	O
that	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
avoid	O
those	O
cuts	O
will	O
pressure	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
to	O
agree	O
to	O
the	O
streamlined	O
bill	O
.	O


The	O
House	B-ORG
appears	O
reluctant	O
to	O
join	O
the	O
senators	O
.	O


A	O
key	O
is	O
whether	O
House	B-ORG
Republicans	B-NORP
are	O
willing	O
to	O
acquiesce	O
to	O
their	O
Senate	B-ORG
colleagues	O
'	O
decision	O
to	O
drop	O
many	O
pet	O
provisions	O
.	O


``	O
Although	O
I	O
am	O
encouraged	O
by	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
action	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Chairman	O
Dan	B-PERSON
Rostenkowski	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Ill	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Ways	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Means	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
``	O
it	O
is	O
uncertain	O
whether	O
a	O
clean	O
bill	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
in	O
the	O
upcoming	O
conference	O
with	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
.	O
''	O


Another	O
big	O
question	O
hovering	O
over	O
the	O
debate	O
is	O
what	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
thinks	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
been	O
resisting	O
a	O
stripped	O
-	O
down	O
bill	O
without	O
a	O
guaranteed	O
vote	O
on	O
his	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
.	O


But	O
Republican	B-NORP
senators	O
saw	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
overcome	O
a	O
procedural	O
hurdle	O
and	O
garner	O
the	O
60	B-CARDINAL
votes	O
needed	O
to	O
win	O
the	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
issue	O
on	O
the	O
floor	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
went	O
ahead	O
with	O
the	O
streamlined	O
bill	O
.	O


The	O
Senate	B-ORG
bill	O
was	O
stripped	O
of	O
many	O
popular	O
,	O
though	O
revenue	O
-	O
losing	O
,	O
provisions	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
-	O
passed	O
bill	O
.	O


These	O
include	O
a	O
child	O
-	O
care	O
initiative	O
and	O
extensions	O
of	O
soon	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
expire	O
tax	O
breaks	O
for	O
low	O
-	O
income	O
housing	O
and	O
research	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
development	O
expenditures	O
.	O


Also	O
missing	O
from	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
bill	O
is	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
's	O
repeal	O
of	O
a	O
law	O
,	O
called	O
Section	B-LAW
89	I-LAW
,	O
that	O
compels	O
companies	O
to	O
give	O
rank	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
file	O
workers	O
comparable	O
health	O
benefits	O
to	O
top	O
paid	O
executives	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
high	O
-	O
profile	O
provision	O
that	O
was	O
originally	O
in	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
bill	O
but	O
was	O
cut	O
out	O
because	O
it	O
lost	O
money	O
was	O
the	O
proposal	O
by	O
Chairman	O
Lloyd	B-PERSON
Bentsen	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Texas	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Senate	I-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
to	O
expand	O
the	O
deduction	O
for	O
individual	O
retirement	O
accounts	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Bentsen	B-PERSON
said	O
he	O
hopes	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
will	O
consider	O
that	O
measure	O
soon	O
.	O


To	O
the	O
delight	O
of	O
some	O
doctors	O
,	O
the	O
bill	O
dropped	O
a	O
plan	O
passed	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
that	O
would	O
have	O
overhauled	O
the	O
entire	O
physician	O
-	O
reimbursement	O
system	O
under	O
Medicare	B-ORG
.	O


To	O
the	O
detriment	O
of	O
many	O
low	O
-	O
income	O
people	O
,	O
efforts	O
to	O
boost	O
Medicaid	B-ORG
funding	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
rural	O
areas	O
,	O
also	O
were	O
stricken	O
.	O


Asked	O
why	O
senators	O
were	O
giving	O
up	O
so	O
much	O
,	O
New	B-GPE
Mexico	I-GPE
Sen.	O
Pete	B-PERSON
Domenici	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
ranking	O
Republican	B-NORP
on	O
the	B-ORG
Senate	I-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
're	O
looking	O
like	O
idiots	O
.	O


Things	O
had	O
just	O
gone	O
too	O
far	O
.	O
''	O


Sen.	O
Dole	B-PERSON
said	O
that	O
the	O
move	O
required	O
sacrifice	O
by	O
every	O
senator	O
.	O


It	O
worked	O
,	O
others	O
said	O
,	O
because	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
exceptions	O
:	O
all	O
revenue	O
-	O
losing	O
provisions	O
were	O
stricken	O
.	O


The	O
Senate	B-ORG
also	O
dropped	O
a	O
plan	O
by	O
its	O
Finance	B-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
that	O
would	O
have	O
increased	O
the	O
income	O
threshold	O
beyond	O
which	O
senior	O
citizens	O
have	O
their	O
Social	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
benefits	O
reduced	O
.	O


In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
bill	O
dropped	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
make	O
permanent	O
a	O
3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
excise	O
tax	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
distance	O
telephone	O
calls	O
.	O


It	O
no	O
longer	O
includes	O
a	O
plan	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
repealed	O
what	O
remains	O
of	O
the	O
completed	O
-	O
contract	O
method	O
of	O
accounting	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
military	O
contractors	O
to	O
reduce	O
their	O
tax	O
burden	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
drops	O
a	O
provision	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
permitted	O
corporations	O
to	O
use	O
excess	O
pension	O
funds	O
to	O
pay	O
health	O
benefits	O
for	O
current	O
retirees	O
.	O


Also	O
stricken	O
was	O
a	O
fivefold	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
maximum	O
Occupational	B-ORG
Safety	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
penalties	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
have	O
raised	O
$	B-MONEY
65	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
.	O


A	O
provision	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
made	O
the	B-ORG
Social	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
an	O
independent	O
agency	O
was	O
excised	O
.	O


The	O
approval	O
of	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
bill	O
was	O
especially	O
sweet	O
for	O
Sen.	O
Mitchell	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
had	O
proposed	O
the	O
streamlining	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Mitchell	B-PERSON
's	O
relations	O
with	O
Budget	O
Director	O
Darman	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
pushed	O
for	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
cut	O
to	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
measure	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
strained	O
since	O
Mr.	O
Darman	B-PERSON
chose	O
to	O
bypass	O
the	O
Maine	B-GPE
Democrat	B-NORP
and	O
deal	O
with	O
other	O
lawmakers	O
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
during	O
a	O
dispute	O
over	O
drug	O
funding	O
in	O
the	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1989	I-DATE
supplemental	O
spending	O
bill	O
.	O


The	O
deficit	O
reduction	O
bill	O
contains	O
$	B-MONEY
5.3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
in	O
tax	O
increases	O
in	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
$	B-MONEY
26	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
over	O
five	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
revenue	O
-	O
raising	O
provisions	O
,	O
which	O
affect	O
mostly	O
corporations	O
,	O
would	O
:	O


--	O
Prevent	O
companies	O
that	O
have	O
made	O
leveraged	O
buy	O
-	O
outs	O
from	O
getting	O
federal	O
tax	O
refunds	O
resulting	O
from	O
losses	O
caused	O
by	O
interest	O
payments	O
on	O
debt	O
issued	O
to	O
finance	O
the	O
buy	O
-	O
outs	O
,	O
effective	O
Aug.	B-DATE
2	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1989	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
Require	O
mutual	O
funds	O
to	O
include	O
in	O
their	O
taxable	O
income	O
dividends	O
paid	O
to	O
them	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
date	I-DATE
that	O
the	O
dividends	O
are	O
declared	O
rather	O
than	O
received	O
,	O
effective	O
the	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
after	O
the	O
tax	O
bill	O
is	O
enacted	O
.	O


--	O
Close	O
a	O
loophole	O
regarding	O
employee	O
stock	O
ownership	O
plans	O
,	O
effective	O
June	B-DATE
6	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1989	I-DATE
,	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
exploited	O
by	O
investment	O
bankers	O
in	O
corporate	O
takeovers	O
.	O


The	O
measure	O
repeals	O
a	O
50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
exclusion	O
given	O
to	O
banks	O
on	O
the	O
interest	O
from	O
loans	O
used	O
to	O
acquire	O
securities	O
for	O
an	O
ESOP	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
ESOP	O
owns	O
less	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
30	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
employer	O
's	O
stock	O
.	O


--	O
Curb	O
junk	O
bonds	O
by	O
ending	O
tax	O
benefits	O
for	O
certain	O
securities	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
zero	B-CARDINAL
-	O
coupon	O
bonds	O
,	O
that	O
postpone	O
cash	O
interest	O
payments	O
.	O


--	O
Raise	O
$	B-MONEY
851	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
by	O
suspending	O
for	O
one	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
an	O
automatic	O
reduction	O
in	O
airport	O
and	O
airway	O
taxes	O
.	O


--	O
Speed	O
up	O
the	O
collection	O
of	O
the	O
payroll	O
tax	O
from	O
large	O
companies	O
,	O
effective	O
August	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
Impose	O
a	O
tax	O
on	O
ozone	O
-	O
depleting	O
chemicals	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
used	O
in	O
air	O
conditioners	O
and	O
in	O
Styrofoam	O
,	O
beginning	O
at	O
$	O
1.10	B-MONEY
a	O
pound	O
starting	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
Withhold	O
income	O
taxes	O
from	O
the	O
paychecks	O
of	O
certain	O
farm	O
workers	O
currently	O
exempt	O
from	O
withholding	O
.	O


--	O
Change	O
the	O
collection	O
of	O
gasoline	O
excise	O
taxes	O
to	O
weekly	B-DATE
from	O
semimonthly	B-DATE
,	O
effective	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
Restrict	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
real	O
estate	O
owners	O
to	O
escape	O
taxes	O
by	O
swapping	O
one	B-CARDINAL
piece	O
of	O
property	O
for	O
another	O
instead	O
of	O
selling	O
it	O
for	O
cash	O
.	O


--	O
Increase	O
to	O
$	O
6	B-MONEY
a	O
person	O
from	O
$	O
3	B-MONEY
the	O
international	O
air	O
-	O
passenger	O
departure	O
tax	O
,	O
and	O
impose	O
a	O
$	O
3	B-MONEY
-	O
a	O
-	O
person	O
tax	O
on	O
international	O
departures	O
by	O
commercial	O
ships	O
.	O


The	O
measure	O
also	O
includes	O
spending	O
cuts	O
and	O
increases	O
in	O
federal	O
fees	O
.	O


Among	O
its	O
provisions	O
:	O


--	O
Reduction	O
of	O
Medicare	B-ORG
spending	O
in	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
by	O
some	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
2.8	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
in	O
part	O
by	O
curbing	O
increases	O
in	O
reimbursements	O
to	O
physicians	O
.	O


The	O
plan	O
would	O
impose	O
a	O
brief	O
freeze	O
on	O
physician	O
fees	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
Removal	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Postal	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
operating	O
budget	O
from	O
the	O
federal	O
budget	O
,	O
reducing	O
the	O
deficit	O
by	O
$	B-MONEY
1.77	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


A	O
similar	O
provision	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
version	O
.	O


--	O
Authority	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Aviation	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
to	O
raise	O
$	B-MONEY
239	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
by	O
charging	O
fees	O
for	O
commercial	O
airline	O
-	O
landing	O
rights	O
at	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
LaGuardia	B-FAC
and	O
John	B-FAC
F.	I-FAC
Kennedy	I-FAC
International	I-FAC
Airports	I-FAC
,	O
O'Hare	B-FAC
International	I-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
in	O
Chicago	B-GPE
and	O
National	B-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
.	O


--	O
Increases	O
in	O
Nuclear	B-ORG
Regulatory	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
fees	O
totaling	O
$	B-MONEY
54	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


--	O
Direction	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Coast	I-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
to	O
collect	O
$	B-MONEY
50	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
from	O
users	O
of	O
Coast	B-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
services	O
.	O


--	O
Raising	O
an	B-MONEY
additional	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
43	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
by	O
increasing	O
existing	O
Federal	B-ORG
Communications	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
fees	O
and	O
penalties	O
and	O
establishing	O
new	O
fees	O
for	O
amateur	O
radio	O
operators	O
,	O
ship	O
stations	O
and	O
mobile	O
radio	O
facilities	O
.	O


John	B-PERSON
E.	I-PERSON
Yang	I-PERSON
contributed	O
to	O
this	O
article	O
.	O


In	O
response	O
to	O
your	O
overly	O
optimistic	O
,	O
outdated	O
piece	O
on	O
how	O
long	O
unemployment	O
lasts	O
-LRB-	O
People	B-WORK_OF_ART
Patterns	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
Sept.	B-DATE
20	I-DATE
-RRB-	O
:	O
I	O
am	O
in	O
the	O
communications	O
field	O
,	O
above	O
entry	O
level	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
laid	O
off	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
1988	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
after	O
a	O
thorough	O
and	O
exhausting	O
job	O
search	O
,	O
was	O
hired	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
1989	I-DATE
.	O


My	O
unemployment	O
insurance	O
ran	O
out	O
before	O
I	O
found	O
a	O
job	O
;	O
I	O
found	O
cutbacks	O
and	O
layoffs	O
in	O
many	O
companies	O
.	O


The	O
statistics	O
quoted	O
by	O
the	O
``	O
new	O
''	O
Census	B-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
report	O
-LRB-	O
garnered	O
from	O
1984	B-DATE
to	O
1986	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
are	O
out	O
of	O
date	O
,	O
certainly	O
as	O
an	O
average	O
for	O
the	O
Northeast	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
what	O
bothered	O
me	O
most	O
about	O
the	O
piece	O
was	O
that	O
there	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
underlying	O
attitude	O
to	O
tell	O
your	O
readers	O
all	O
is	O
well	O
--	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
getting	O
laid	O
off	O
do	O
n't	O
worry	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
unemployed	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
seller	O
's	O
market	O
.	O


To	O
top	O
it	O
off	O
,	O
you	O
captioned	O
the	O
graph	O
showing	O
the	O
average	O
number	O
of	O
months	B-DATE
in	O
a	O
job	O
search	O
as	O
``	O
Time	B-WORK_OF_ART
Off	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


Are	O
you	O
kidding	O
?	O


Looking	O
for	O
a	O
job	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
anxious	O
periods	O
of	O
my	O
life	O
--	O
and	O
is	O
for	O
most	O
people	O
.	O


Your	O
paper	O
needs	O
a	O
serious	O
reality	O
check	O
.	O


Reva	B-PERSON
Levin	I-PERSON


Cambridge	B-GPE
,	O
Mass	B-GPE
.	I-GPE


Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Investors	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
reduced	O
its	O
rating	O
on	O
$	B-MONEY
165	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
subordinated	O
debt	O
of	O
this	O
Beverly	B-GPE
Hills	I-GPE
,	O
Calif.	B-GPE
,	O
thrift	O
,	O
citing	O
turmoil	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
low	O
-	O
grade	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
yield	O
securities	O
.	O


The	O
agency	O
said	O
it	O
reduced	O
its	O
rating	O
on	O
the	O
thrift	O
's	O
subordinated	O
debt	O
to	O
B	O
-	O
2	O
from	O
Ba	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
will	O
keep	O
the	O
debt	O
under	O
review	O
for	O
possible	O
further	O
downgrade	O
.	O


Columbia	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
is	O
a	O
major	O
holder	O
of	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
junk	O
bonds	O
.	O


New	O
federal	O
legislation	O
requires	O
that	O
all	O
thrifts	O
divest	O
themselves	O
of	O
such	O
speculative	O
securities	O
over	O
a	B-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Columbia	B-ORG
Savings	I-ORG
officials	O
were	O
n't	O
available	O
for	O
comment	O
on	O
the	O
downgrade	O
.	O


FRANKLIN	B-ORG
SAVINGS	I-ORG
ASSOCIATION	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
Ottawa	B-GPE
,	O
Kan.	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
--	O


Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Investors	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
downgraded	O
its	O
rating	O
to	O
B	O
-	O
2	O
from	O
Ba	O
-	O
3	O
on	O
less	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
20	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
this	O
thrift	O
's	O
senior	O
subordinated	O
notes	O
.	O


The	O
rating	O
concern	O
said	O
Franklin	B-ORG
's	O
``	O
troubled	O
diversification	O
record	O
in	O
the	O
securities	O
business	O
''	O
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
reason	O
for	O
the	O
downgrade	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
troubles	O
at	O
its	O
L.F.	B-ORG
Rothschild	I-ORG
subsidiary	O
and	O
the	O
possible	O
sale	O
of	O
other	O
subsidiaries	O
.	O


``	O
They	O
perhaps	O
had	O
concern	O
that	O
we	O
were	O
getting	O
out	O
of	O
all	O
these	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Franklin	B-ORG
President	O
Duane	B-PERSON
H.	I-PERSON
Hall	I-PERSON
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
premature	O
on	O
their	O
part	O
.	O


Just	O
when	O
it	O
seemed	O
safe	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
into	O
stocks	O
,	O
Wall	O
Street	O
suffered	O
another	O
severe	O
attack	O
of	O
nerves	O
.	O


Does	O
this	O
signal	O
another	B-EVENT
Black	I-EVENT
Monday	I-EVENT
is	O
coming	O
?	O


Or	O
is	O
this	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
buying	O
opportunity	O
,	O
just	O
like	O
Oct.	B-DATE
19	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1987	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
eventually	O
turned	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
?	O


Here	O
's	O
what	O
several	O
leading	O
market	O
experts	O
and	O
money	O
managers	O
say	O
about	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
action	O
,	O
what	O
happens	O
next	O
and	O
what	O
investors	O
should	O
do	O
.	O


Joseph	B-PERSON
Granville	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


``	O
I	O
'm	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
who	O
said	O
there	O
would	O
be	O
an	O
October	B-DATE
massacre	O
,	O
all	O
through	O
late	B-DATE
August	I-DATE
and	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Granville	B-PERSON
,	O
once	O
a	O
widely	O
followed	O
market	O
guru	O
and	O
still	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
newsletter	O
writer	O
.	O


``	O
Everyone	O
will	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
this	O
time	O
is	O
different	O
from	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
Well	O
,	O
in	O
some	O
ways	O
it	O
is	O
different	O
,	O
but	O
technically	O
it	O
is	O
just	O
the	O
same	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
're	O
a	O
technician	O
,	O
you	O
obey	O
the	O
signals	O
.	O


Right	O
now	O
they	O
're	O
telling	O
me	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
hell	O
out	O
and	O
stay	O
out	O
.	O


I	O
see	O
no	O
major	O
support	O
until	O
2200	B-DATE
.	O


I	O
see	O
a	O
possibility	O
of	O
going	O
to	O
2200	B-CARDINAL
this	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O
''	O


Mr.	O
Granville	B-PERSON
says	O
he	O
would	O
n't	O
even	O
think	O
of	O
buying	O
until	O
at	O
least	O
600	B-CARDINAL
to	O
700	B-CARDINAL
stocks	O
have	O
hit	O
52	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
lows	O
;	O
about	B-CARDINAL
100	I-CARDINAL
stocks	O
hit	O
new	O
lows	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


``	O
Most	O
people	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
``	O
have	O
no	O
idea	O
what	O
a	O
massacre	O
pattern	O
looks	O
like	O
.	O
''	O


Elaine	B-PERSON
Garzarelli	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


A	O
quantitative	O
analyst	O
with	O
Shearson	B-ORG
Lehman	I-ORG
Hutton	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
Ms.	O
Garzarelli	B-PERSON
had	O
warned	O
clients	O
to	O
take	O
their	O
money	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
before	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
's	O
big	O
drop	O
,	O
she	O
says	O
,	O
``	O
was	O
not	O
a	O
crash	O
.	O


This	O
was	O
an	O
October	B-DATE
massacre	O
''	O
like	O
those	O
that	O
occurred	O
in	O
1978	B-DATE
and	O
1979	B-DATE
.	O


Now	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
those	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
her	O
stock	O
market	O
indicators	O
are	O
positive	O
.	O


So	O
she	O
thinks	O
the	O
damage	O
will	O
be	O
short	O
-	O
lived	O
and	O
contained	O
.	O


``	O
Those	O
corrections	O
lasted	O
one	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
and	O
took	O
the	O
market	O
10%-12	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
down	O
,	O
''	O
she	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
This	O
is	O
exactly	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
,	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
I	O
'm	O
concerned	O
.	O
''	O


Thus	O
,	O
she	O
says	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
Dow	O
Jones	O
Industrial	O
Average	O
dropped	O
below	O
2450	B-CARDINAL
,	O
``	O
It	O
would	O
just	O
be	O
a	O
fluke	O
.	O


My	O
advice	O
is	O
to	O
buy	O
.	O
''	O


As	O
she	O
calculates	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
average	O
stock	O
now	O
sells	O
for	O
about	B-CARDINAL
12.5	I-CARDINAL
times	O
companies	O
'	O
earnings	O
.	O


She	O
says	O
that	O
ratio	O
could	O
climb	O
to	O
14.5	B-CARDINAL
,	O
given	O
current	O
interest	O
rates	O
,	O
and	O
still	O
be	O
within	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
``	O
fair	O
value	O
.	O
''	O


Ned	B-PERSON
Davis	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


Friday	B-DATE
's	O
fall	O
marks	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
a	O
bear	O
market	O
,	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Davis	B-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
Ned	B-ORG
Davis	I-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
Mr.	O
Davis	B-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
views	O
are	O
widely	O
respected	O
by	O
money	O
managers	O
,	O
says	O
he	O
expects	O
no	O
1987	B-DATE
-	O
style	O
crash	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
was	O
a	O
unique	O
combination	O
in	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
Margin	O
debt	O
was	O
at	O
a	O
record	O
high	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
tremendous	O
public	O
enthusiasm	O
for	O
stock	O
mutual	O
funds	O
.	O


The	O
main	O
thing	O
was	O
portfolio	O
insurance	O
,	O
''	O
a	O
mechanical	O
trading	O
system	O
intended	O
to	O
protect	O
an	O
investor	O
against	O
losses	O
.	O
``	O


A	B-MONEY
hundred	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
stock	O
was	O
subject	O
''	O
to	O
it	O
.	O


In	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
such	O
selling	O
contributed	O
to	O
a	O
snowball	O
effect	O
.	O


Today	B-DATE
could	O
even	O
be	O
an	B-DATE
up	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	O
Mr.	O
Davis	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
if	O
major	O
brokerage	O
firms	O
agree	O
to	O
refrain	O
from	O
program	O
trading	O
.	O


Over	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
though	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
things	O
look	O
bad	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
market	O
will	O
be	O
heading	O
down	O
into	O
November	B-DATE
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
will	O
probably	O
have	O
a	O
year	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
end	I-DATE
rally	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
go	O
down	O
again	O
.	O


Sort	O
of	O
a	O
two	B-CARDINAL
-	O
step	O
bear	O
market	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
expects	O
the	O
downturn	O
to	O
carry	O
the	O
Dow	O
Jones	O
Industrial	O
Average	O
down	O
to	O
around	O
2000	B-CARDINAL
sometime	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
That	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
normal	O
bear	O
market	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
guess	O
that	O
's	O
my	O
forecast	O
.	O
''	O


Leon	B-PERSON
G.	I-PERSON
Cooperman	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


``	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
the	O
market	O
is	O
going	O
through	O
another	B-DATE
October	I-DATE
'87	I-DATE
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
case	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Cooperman	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
partner	O
at	O
Goldman	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Sachs	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
and	O
chairman	O
of	O
Goldman	B-ORG
Sachs	I-ORG
Asset	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
.	O


Mr.	O
Cooperman	B-PERSON
sees	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
good	O
time	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
bargains	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
does	O
n't	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
any	O
need	O
to	O
rush	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
expect	O
the	O
market	O
to	O
open	O
weaker	O
Monday	B-DATE
,	O
but	O
then	O
it	O
should	O
find	O
some	O
stability	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
ticks	O
off	O
several	O
major	O
differences	O
between	O
now	B-DATE
and	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


Unlike	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
interest	O
rates	O
have	O
been	O
falling	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Unlike	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
dollar	O
has	O
been	O
strong	O
.	O


And	O
unlike	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
economy	O
does	O
n't	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
any	O
danger	O
of	O
overheating	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
economy	O
's	O
slower	O
growth	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
also	O
means	O
the	O
outlook	O
for	O
corporate	O
profits	O
``	O
is	O
n't	O
good	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
So	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
very	O
mixed	O
bag	O
.	O
''	O


Thus	O
,	O
he	O
concludes	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
good	O
environment	O
to	O
be	O
fully	O
invested	O
''	O
in	O
stocks	O
.	O


``	O
If	O
I	O
had	O
come	O
into	O
Friday	B-DATE
on	O
margin	O
or	O
with	O
very	O
little	O
cash	O
in	O
the	O
portfolios	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
do	O
any	O
buying	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
came	O
into	O
Friday	B-DATE
with	O
a	O
conservative	O
portfolio	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
would	O
look	O
to	O
do	O
some	O
modest	O
buying	O
''	O
on	O
behalf	O
of	O
clients	O
.	O
``	O


We	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
look	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
better	O
-	O
known	O
companies	O
that	O
got	O
clocked	O
''	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


John	B-PERSON
Kenneth	I-PERSON
Galbraith	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


``	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
latest	O
manifestation	O
of	O
the	O
capacity	O
of	O
the	O
financial	O
community	O
for	O
recurrent	O
insanity	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Galbraith	B-PERSON
,	O
an	O
economist	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
see	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
reaction	O
to	O
the	O
whole	O
junk	O
bond	O
explosion	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
explosion	O
of	O
junk	O
bonds	O
and	O
takeovers	O
has	O
lodged	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
insecure	O
securities	O
in	O
the	O
hands	O
of	O
investors	O
and	O
loaded	O
the	O
corporations	O
that	O
are	O
the	O
objects	O
of	O
takeovers	O
or	O
feared	O
takeovers	O
with	O
huge	O
amounts	O
of	O
debt	O
rather	O
than	O
equity	O
.	O


This	O
has	O
both	O
made	O
investors	O
uneasy	O
and	O
the	O
corporations	O
more	O
vulnerable	O
.	O
''	O


Nevertheless	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
a	O
depression	O
does	O
n't	O
appear	O
likely	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
is	O
more	O
resiliency	O
in	O
the	O
economy	O
at	O
large	O
than	O
we	O
commonly	O
suppose	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


``	O
It	O
takes	O
more	O
error	O
now	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
major	O
depression	O
than	O
back	O
in	O
the	O
Thirties	B-DATE
--	O
much	O
as	O
the	O
financial	O
community	O
and	O
the	O
government	O
may	O
try	O
.	O
''	O


Mario	B-PERSON
Gabelli	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
money	O
manager	O
Mario	B-PERSON
Gabelli	I-PERSON
,	O
an	O
expert	O
at	O
spotting	O
takeover	O
candidates	O
,	O
says	O
that	O
takeovers	O
are	O
n't	O
totally	O
gone	O
.	O


``	O
Companies	O
are	O
still	O
going	O
to	O
buy	O
companies	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Examples	O
are	O
``	O
Ford	B-ORG
looking	O
at	O
Jaguar	B-ORG
,	O
BellSouth	B-ORG
looking	O
at	O
LIN	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
.	O
''	O


These	O
sorts	O
of	O
takeovers	O
do	O
n't	O
require	O
junk	O
bonds	O
or	O
big	O
bank	O
loans	O
to	O
finance	O
them	O
,	O
so	O
Mr.	O
Gabelli	B-PERSON
figures	O
they	O
will	O
continue	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
market	O
was	O
up	O
35	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
since	O
-LCB-	O
President	O
-RCB-	O
Bush	B-PERSON
took	O
office	O
,	O
''	O
Mr.	O
Gabelli	B-PERSON
says	O
,	O
so	O
a	O
correction	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
expected	O
.	O


He	O
thinks	O
another	O
crash	O
is	O
``	O
unlikely	O
,	O
''	O
and	O
says	O
he	O
was	O
``	O
nibbling	O
at	O
''	O
selected	O
stocks	O
during	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
plunge	O
.	O


``	O
Stocks	O
that	O
were	O
thrown	O
out	O
just	O
on	O
an	O
emotional	O
basis	O
are	O
a	O
great	O
opportunity	O
-LCB-	O
this	O
-RCB-	O
week	B-DATE
for	O
guys	O
like	O
me	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Jim	B-PERSON
Rogers	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


``	O
It	O
seems	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
pin	O
that	O
has	O
finally	O
pricked	O
the	O
balloon	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Rogers	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
professor	O
of	O
finance	O
at	O
Columbia	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
and	O
former	O
co-manager	O
of	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
most	O
successful	O
hedge	O
funds	O
in	O
history	O
,	O
Quantum	B-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
.	O


He	O
sees	O
``	O
economic	O
problems	O
,	O
financial	O
problems	O
''	O
ahead	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
,	O
with	O
a	O
fairly	O
strong	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
recession	O
.	O


``	O
Friday	B-DATE
you	O
could	O
n't	O
sell	O
dollars	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Dealers	O
``	O
would	O
give	O
you	O
a	O
quote	O
,	O
but	O
then	O
refuse	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
trade	O
.	O
''	O


If	O
the	O
dollar	O
stays	O
weak	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
that	O
will	O
add	O
to	O
inflationary	O
pressures	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
make	O
it	O
hard	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
to	O
ease	O
interest	O
rates	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Rogers	B-PERSON
wo	O
n't	O
decide	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
today	B-DATE
until	O
he	O
sees	O
how	O
the	O
London	B-GPE
and	O
Tokyo	B-GPE
markets	O
go	O
.	O


He	O
recommends	O
that	O
investors	O
sell	O
takeover	O
-	O
related	O
stocks	O
,	O
but	O
hang	O
on	O
to	O
some	O
other	O
stocks	O
--	O
especially	O
utilities	O
,	O
which	O
often	O
do	O
well	O
during	O
periods	O
of	O
economic	O
weakness	O
.	O


Frank	B-PERSON
Curzio	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


Many	O
people	O
now	O
claim	O
to	O
have	O
predicted	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
.	O


Queens	B-GPE
newsletter	O
writer	O
Francis	B-PERSON
X.	I-PERSON
Curzio	I-PERSON
actually	O
did	O
it	O
:	O
He	O
stated	O
in	O
writing	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
that	O
the	O
Dow	O
Jones	O
Industrial	O
Average	O
was	O
likely	O
to	O
decline	O
about	B-CARDINAL
500	I-CARDINAL
points	O
the	B-DATE
following	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


Mr.	O
Curzio	B-PERSON
says	O
what	O
happens	O
now	O
will	O
depend	O
a	O
good	O
deal	O
on	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
.	O


If	O
it	O
promptly	O
cuts	O
the	O
discount	O
rate	O
it	O
charges	O
on	O
loans	O
to	O
banks	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
``	O
That	O
could	O
quiet	O
things	O
down	O
.	O
''	O


If	O
not	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
could	O
go	O
to	O
2200	B-CARDINAL
very	O
soon	O
.	O
''	O


Frank	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Terrizzi	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


Stock	O
prices	O
``	O
would	O
still	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
down	O
some	O
additional	O
amount	O
before	O
we	O
become	O
positive	O
on	O
stocks	O
,	O
''	O
says	O
Mr.	O
Terrizzi	B-PERSON
,	O
president	O
and	O
managing	O
director	O
of	O
Renaissance	B-ORG
Investment	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
in	O
Cincinnati	B-GPE
.	O


Renaissance	B-ORG
,	O
which	O
manages	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
1.8	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
drew	O
stiff	O
criticism	O
from	O
many	O
clients	O
earlier	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
because	O
it	O
pulled	O
entirely	O
out	O
of	O
stocks	O
at	O
the	B-DATE
beginning	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
and	O
thus	O
missed	O
a	O
strong	O
rally	O
.	O


Renaissance	B-ORG
is	O
keeping	O
its	O
money	O
entirely	O
in	O
cash	O
equivalents	O
,	O
primarily	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Treasury	B-ORG
bills	O
.	O


``	O
T	O
-	O
bills	O
probably	O
are	O
the	O
right	O
place	O
to	O
be	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Regarding	O
the	O
Oct.	B-DATE
3	I-DATE
letter	O
to	O
the	O
editor	O
from	O
Rep.	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Lantos	I-PERSON
,	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Subcommittee	I-ORG
on	I-ORG
Employment	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Housing	I-ORG
,	O
alleging	O
:	O


1	B-CARDINAL
.	O
That	O
your	O
Sept.	B-DATE
28	I-DATE
editorial	O
``	O
Kangaroo	B-WORK_OF_ART
Committees	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
was	O
factually	O
inaccurate	O
and	O
deliberately	O
misleading	O
.	O


I	O
thought	O
your	O
editorial	O
was	O
factually	O
accurate	O
and	O
deliberately	O
elucidative	O
.	O


2	B-CARDINAL
.	O
That	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
supported	O
the	O
rights	O
of	O
the	O
witnesses	O
to	O
take	O
the	B-LAW
Fifth	I-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
he	O
did	O
.	O


As	O
I	O
watched	O
him	O
on	O
C	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Span	I-ORG
,	O
I	O
heard	O
him	O
speak	O
those	O
lovely	O
words	O
about	O
the	B-LAW
Bill	I-LAW
of	I-LAW
Rights	I-LAW
,	O
which	O
he	O
quotes	O
from	O
the	O
transcript	O
of	O
the	O
hearings	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
repeat	O
those	O
nice	O
platitudes	O
several	O
times	O
as	O
an	O
indication	O
of	O
his	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Constitution	B-LAW
.	O


He	O
used	O
about	B-CARDINAL
56	I-CARDINAL
words	O
defending	O
the	O
witnesses	O
'	O
constitutional	O
rights	O
.	O


Unfortunately	O
,	O
by	O
my	O
rough	O
guess	O
,	O
he	O
used	O
better	O
than	O
5,000	B-CARDINAL
words	O
heaping	O
scorn	O
on	O
the	O
witnesses	O
for	O
exercising	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
.	O


He	O
sandwiched	O
his	O
praise	O
of	O
constitutional	O
meat	O
between	O
large	O
loaves	O
of	O
bilious	O
commentary	O
.	O


As	O
your	O
editorial	O
rightly	O
pointed	O
out	O
,	O
Samuel	B-PERSON
Pierce	I-PERSON
,	O
former	O
HUD	B-ORG
secretary	O
,	O
and	O
Lance	B-PERSON
Wilson	I-PERSON
,	O
Mr.	O
Pierce	B-PERSON
's	O
former	O
aide	O
,	O
``	O
are	O
currently	O
being	O
held	O
up	O
to	O
scorn	O
for	O
taking	O
the	B-LAW
Fifth	I-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
.	O


''	O
That	O
certainly	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
supposed	O
``	O
distorted	O
reading	O
''	O
indicated	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
.	O


3	B-CARDINAL
.	O
That	O
his	O
``	O
committee	O
does	O
not	O
deal	O
with	O
any	O
possible	O
criminal	O
activity	O
at	O
HUD	B-ORG
.	O


My	O
colleagues	O
and	O
I	O
fully	O
realize	O
we	O
are	O
not	O
a	O
court	O
...	O
etc	O
.	O
''	O


Absolute	O
rubbish	O
.	O


By	O
any	O
``	O
reasonable	O
man	O
''	O
criterion	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
and	O
his	O
colleagues	O
have	O
a	O
whole	O
bunch	O
of	O
people	O
tried	O
and	O
convicted	O
.	O


Apparently	O
,	O
their	O
verdict	O
is	O
in	O
.	O


Right	O
now	O
they	O
're	O
pursuing	O
evidence	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
bad	O
way	O
to	O
proceed	O
,	O
just	O
somewhat	O
different	O
from	O
standard	O
American	B-NORP
practice	O
.	O


How	O
was	O
that	O
practice	O
referred	O
to	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
school	O
?	O


Ah	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
something	O
called	O
a	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
Chamber	I-ORG
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
doth	O
protest	O
that	O
his	O
subcommittee	O
simply	O
seeks	O
information	O
for	O
legislative	O
change	O
.	O


No	O
doubt	O
that	O
's	O
partially	O
true	O
.	O


Everything	O
that	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
says	O
in	O
his	O
letter	O
is	O
partially	O
true	O
.	O


He	O
's	O
right	O
about	O
his	O
subcommittee	O
's	O
responsibilities	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
obtaining	O
information	O
from	O
prior	O
HUD	B-ORG
officials	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
his	O
explanation	O
of	O
motivation	O
is	O
true	O
,	O
why	O
is	O
his	O
investigation	O
so	O
oriented	O
as	O
to	O
identify	O
criminal	O
activity	O
?	O


Why	O
not	O
simply	O
questions	O
designed	O
to	O
identify	O
sources	O
and	O
causes	O
of	O
waste	O
and	O
inefficiency	O
?	O


Such	O
as	O
,	O
what	O
happened	O
when	O
Congress	B-ORG
wanted	O
to	O
know	O
about	O
$	O
400	B-MONEY
toilet	O
seats	O
or	O
whatever	O
they	O
supposedly	O
cost	O
?	O


No	O
,	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
's	O
complaints	O
simply	O
wo	O
n't	O
wash	O
.	O


4	B-CARDINAL
.	O
That	O
the	O
Journal	B-ORG
defends	O
``	O
the	O
sleaze	O
,	O
fraud	O
,	O
waste	O
,	O
embezzlement	O
,	O
influence	O
-	O
peddling	O
and	O
abuse	O
of	O
the	O
public	O
that	O
took	O
place	O
while	O
Mr.	O
Pierce	B-PERSON
was	O
secretary	O
of	O
HUD	B-ORG
,	O
''	O
etc.	O
and	O
so	O
forth	O
.	O


No	O
,	O
to	O
my	O
mind	O
,	O
the	O
Journal	B-ORG
did	O
not	O
``	O
defend	O
sleaze	O
,	O
fraud	O
,	O
waste	O
,	O
embezzlement	O
,	O
influence	O
-	O
peddling	O
and	O
abuse	O
of	O
the	O
public	O
trust	O
...	O
''	O


it	O
defended	O
appropriate	O
constitutional	O
safeguards	O
and	O
practical	O
common	O
sense	O
.	O


The	O
problem	O
,	O
which	O
the	O
Journal	B-ORG
so	O
rightly	O
pointed	O
out	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
articles	O
,	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
after	O
all	O
is	O
really	O
a	O
bit	O
player	O
on	O
the	O
stage	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
attempt	O
by	O
Congress	B-ORG
to	O
enhance	O
itself	O
into	O
a	O
quasi-parliamentary	O
/	O
judicial	O
body	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
Of	O
course	O
,	O
we	O
've	O
also	O
got	O
a	O
judiciary	O
that	O
seeks	O
the	O
same	O
objective	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


The	O
system	O
is	O
the	O
problem	O
,	O
not	O
an	O
individual	O
member	O
.	O


Individuals	O
can	O
always	O
have	O
their	O
hands	O
slapped	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
when	O
such	O
slapping	O
does	O
n't	O
occur	O
that	O
we	O
've	O
got	O
trouble	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
not	O
by	O
any	O
means	O
defend	O
HUD	B-ORG
management	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
the	O
kind	O
of	O
congressional	O
investigation	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
pursued	O
is	O
a	O
far	O
greater	O
danger	O
to	O
American	B-NORP
notions	O
of	O
liberty	O
and	O
freedom	O
than	O
any	O
incompetency	O
-LRB-	O
and	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
maybe	O
criminality	O
-RRB-	O
within	O
HUD	B-ORG
could	O
possibly	O
generate	O
.	O


The	O
last	O
time	O
I	O
saw	O
a	O
similar	O
congressional	O
hearing	O
was	O
when	O
``	B-PERSON
Tail	I-PERSON
Gunner	I-PERSON
Joe	I-PERSON
''	I-PERSON
McCarthy	I-PERSON
did	O
his	O
work	O
.	O


Raymond	B-PERSON
Weber	I-PERSON


Parsippany	B-GPE
,	O
N.J	B-GPE
.	I-GPE


I	O
disagree	O
with	O
the	O
statement	O
by	O
Mr.	O
Lantos	B-PERSON
that	O
one	O
should	O
not	O
draw	O
an	O
adverse	O
inference	O
against	O
former	O
HUD	B-ORG
officials	O
who	O
assert	O
their	O
Fifth	B-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
privilege	O
against	O
self	O
-	O
incrimination	O
in	O
congressional	O
hearings	O
.	O


The	B-LAW
Fifth	I-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
states	O
in	O
relevant	O
part	O
that	O
no	O
person	O
``	O
shall	O
be	O
compelled	O
,	O
in	O
any	O
criminal	O
case	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
witness	O
against	O
himself	O
.	O
''	O


This	O
privilege	O
against	O
self	O
-	O
incrimination	O
precludes	O
the	O
drawing	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
inference	O
against	O
a	O
criminal	O
defendant	O
who	O
chooses	O
not	O
to	O
testify	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
criminal	O
case	O
,	O
a	O
prosecutor	O
can	O
not	O
comment	O
on	O
a	O
defendant	O
's	O
failure	O
to	O
testify	O
nor	O
can	O
the	O
defendant	O
be	O
compelled	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
stand	O
as	O
a	O
witness	O
,	O
thus	O
forcing	O
him	O
to	O
``	O
take	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
.	O
''	O


The	O
privilege	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
limited	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
its	O
plain	O
language	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
defendant	O
in	O
criminal	O
matters	O
only	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Supreme	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
and	O
some	O
states	O
have	O
specifically	O
recognized	O
that	O
``	O
the	B-LAW
Fifth	I-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
does	O
not	O
preclude	O
the	O
inference	O
where	O
the	O
privilege	O
is	O
claimed	O
by	O
a	O
party	O
to	O
a	O
civil	O
cause	O
.	O
''	O


Baxter	B-PERSON
v.	O
Palmingiano	B-PERSON
,	O
425	B-LAW
U.S.	I-LAW
308	I-LAW
-LRB-	O
1976	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
civil	O
case	O
,	O
a	O
defendant	O
may	O
be	O
called	O
as	O
a	O
witness	O
,	O
he	O
may	O
be	O
forced	O
to	O
testify	O
or	O
take	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
,	O
and	O
his	O
taking	O
of	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
may	O
permit	O
the	O
drawing	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
inference	O
against	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
civil	O
matter	O
.	O


He	O
may	O
take	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
in	O
a	O
civil	O
matter	O
only	O
if	O
he	O
has	O
a	O
good	O
faith	O
and	O
justifiable	O
belief	O
that	O
his	O
testimony	O
may	O
subject	O
him	O
to	O
criminal	O
prosecution	O
.	O


Allowing	O
the	O
defendant	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
in	O
a	O
civil	O
matter	O
is	O
not	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
constitutional	O
right	O
to	O
refuse	O
to	O
testify	O
where	O
one	O
's	O
testimony	O
harms	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
civil	O
matter	O
,	O
but	O
because	O
the	O
testimony	O
in	O
the	O
civil	O
matter	O
could	O
be	O
unconstitutionally	O
used	O
against	O
him	O
in	O
a	O
subsequent	O
criminal	O
prosecution	O
.	O


Absent	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
such	O
prosecution	O
,	O
a	O
court	O
may	O
order	O
the	O
defendant	O
to	O
testify	O
.	O


Thus	O
,	O
when	O
Mr.	O
Pierce	B-PERSON
asserted	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
in	O
a	O
noncriminal	O
proceeding	O
,	O
particularly	O
after	O
presumably	O
receiving	O
extensive	O
advice	O
from	O
legal	O
counsel	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
must	O
conclude	O
that	O
he	O
held	O
a	O
good	O
-	O
faith	O
,	O
justifiable	O
belief	O
that	O
his	O
testimony	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
against	O
him	O
in	O
a	O
subsequent	O
criminal	O
prosecution	O
.	O


The	O
subcommittee	O
,	O
Congress	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
public	O
have	O
every	O
right	O
to	O
draw	O
the	O
adverse	O
inference	O
and	O
to	O
concur	O
with	O
Mr.	O
Pierce	B-PERSON
's	O
own	O
belief	O
that	O
his	O
testimony	O
could	O
help	O
convict	O
him	O
of	O
a	O
crime	O
.	O


Drawing	O
the	O
adverse	O
inference	O
in	O
a	O
noncriminal	O
congressional	O
hearing	O
does	O
not	O
offend	O
the	O
Fifth	B-LAW
Amendment	I-LAW
shield	O
against	O
self	O
-	O
incrimination	O
.	O


Clark	B-PERSON
S.	I-PERSON
Spalsbury	I-PERSON
Jr	I-PERSON
.	I-PERSON


Estes	B-GPE
Park	I-GPE
,	O
Colo	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
was	O
Friday	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
13th	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
plummeted	O
nearly	B-CARDINAL
200	I-CARDINAL
points	O
.	O


Just	O
a	O
coincidence	O
?	O


Or	O
is	O
triskaidekaphobia	O
--	O
fear	O
of	O
the	O
number	O
13	B-CARDINAL
--	O
justified	O
?	O


In	O
academia	O
,	O
a	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
Friday	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
13th	I-DATE
effect	O
has	O
been	O
set	O
up	O
and	O
shot	O
down	O
by	O
different	O
professors	O
.	O


Robert	B-PERSON
Kolb	I-PERSON
and	O
Ricardo	B-PERSON
Rodriguez	I-PERSON
,	O
professors	O
of	O
finance	O
at	O
the	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Miami	I-ORG
,	O
found	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
market	O
is	O
spooked	O
by	O
Friday	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
13th	I-DATE
.	O


But	O
their	O
study	O
,	O
which	O
spanned	O
the	O
1962	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
85	I-DATE
period	O
,	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
jinxed	O
by	O
an	O
unlucky	O
choice	O
of	O
data	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
'70s	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
market	O
took	O
falls	O
nine	B-CARDINAL
times	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
you	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
know	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
what	I-DATE
.	O


But	O
the	O
date	O
tends	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
plus	O
,	O
not	O
a	O
minus	O
,	O
for	O
stocks	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Yale	B-PERSON
Hirsch	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
collector	O
of	O
stock	O
market	O
lore	O
.	O


Another	O
study	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
82	B-CARDINAL
Fridays	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
13th	I-DATE
in	O
the	O
1940	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
1987	I-DATE
period	O
had	O
higher	O
than	O
average	O
returns	O
--	O
higher	O
even	O
than	O
Fridays	B-DATE
in	O
general	O
,	O
which	O
tend	O
to	O
be	O
strong	O
days	B-DATE
for	O
stock	O
prices	O
.	O


On	O
the	B-DATE
only	I-DATE
other	I-DATE
Friday	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
13th	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
Dow	O
Jones	O
Industrial	O
Average	O
rose	O
about	B-CARDINAL
four	I-CARDINAL
points	O
.	O


Professor	O
Kolb	B-PERSON
says	O
the	O
original	O
study	O
,	O
titled	O
Friday	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
13th	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	I-WORK_OF_ART
Part	I-WORK_OF_ART
VII	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
was	O
published	O
tongue	O
-	O
in	O
-	O
cheek	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
similar	O
vein	O
,	O
he	O
adds	O
that	O
the	O
anniversary	O
of	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
and	O
Saturday	B-DATE
's	O
full	O
moon	O
could	O
have	O
played	O
a	O
part	O
,	O
too	O
,	O
in	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
market	O
activity	O
.	O


Friday	B-DATE
,	I-DATE
October	I-DATE
13	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1989	I-DATE


The	O
key	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
foreign	O
annual	O
interest	O
rates	O
below	O
are	O
a	O
guide	O
to	O
general	O
levels	O
but	O
do	O
n't	O
always	O
represent	O
actual	O
transactions	O
.	O


PRIME	O
RATE	O
:	O


10	B-PERCENT
1/2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	I-PERCENT


The	O
base	O
rate	O
on	O
corporate	O
loans	O
at	O
large	O
U.S.	B-GPE
money	O
center	O
commercial	O
banks	O
.	O


FEDERAL	O
FUNDS	O
:	O


8	B-PERCENT
13/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
high	O
,	O
8	B-PERCENT
1/2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
low	O
,	O
8	B-PERCENT
5/8	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
near	O
closing	O
bid	O
,	O
8	B-PERCENT
3/4	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
offered	O
.	O


Reserves	O
traded	O
among	O
commercial	O
banks	O
for	O
overnight	O
use	O
in	O
amounts	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
or	O
more	O
.	O


Source	O
:	O
Fulton	B-ORG
Prebon	I-ORG
-LRB-	I-ORG
U.S.A	I-ORG
.	I-ORG
-RRB-	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


DISCOUNT	O
RATE	O
:	O


7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	I-PERCENT


The	O
charge	O
on	O
loans	O
to	O
depository	O
institutions	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
.	O


CALL	O
MONEY	O
:	O


9	B-PERCENT
3/4	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
10	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


The	O
charge	O
on	O
loans	O
to	O
brokers	O
on	O
stock	O
exchange	O
collateral	O
.	O


COMMERCIAL	O
PAPER	O
placed	O
directly	O
by	O
General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
Acceptance	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
:	O


8.60	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
30	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
44	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.55	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
45	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
59	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.375	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
60	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
79	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
80	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
89	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.25	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
90	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
119	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.125	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
120	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
149	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
150	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
179	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
7.625	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
180	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
270	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


COMMERCIAL	O
PAPER	O
:	O


High	O
-	O
grade	O
unsecured	O
notes	O
sold	O
through	O
dealers	O
by	O
major	O
corporations	O
in	O
multiples	O
of	O
$	O
1,000	B-MONEY
:	O


8.65	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
30	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.55	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
60	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.55	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
90	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


CERTIFICATES	O
OF	O
DEPOSIT	O
:	O


8.15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
;	O
8.15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
two	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8.13	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
three	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8.11	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8.08	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Average	O
of	O
top	O
rates	O
paid	O
by	O
major	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
banks	O
on	O
primary	O
new	O
issues	O
of	O
negotiable	O
C.D.s	O
,	O
usually	O
on	O
amounts	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
and	O
more	O
.	O


The	O
minimum	O
unit	O
is	O
$	O
100,000	B-MONEY
.	O


Typical	O
rates	O
in	O
the	O
secondary	O
market	O
:	O


8.65	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
;	O
8.65	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
three	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8.55	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


BANKERS	O
ACCEPTANCES	O
:	O


8.52	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
30	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.37	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
60	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
8.15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
90	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
7.98	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
120	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
7.92	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
150	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
7.80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
180	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


Negotiable	O
,	O
bank	O
-	O
backed	O
business	O
credit	O
instruments	O
typically	O
financing	O
an	O
import	O
order	O
.	O


LONDON	B-GPE
LATE	O
EURODOLLARS	O
:	O


8	B-PERCENT
13/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
11/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
13/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
11/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
two	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
13/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
11/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
three	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
3/4	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
5/8	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
four	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
11/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
9/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
five	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
5/8	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
8	I-PERCENT
1/2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


LONDON	B-GPE
INTERBANK	O
OFFERED	O
RATES	O
-LRB-	O
LIBOR	O
-RRB-	O
:	O


8	B-PERCENT
3/4	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
3/4	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
three	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
9/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
six	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
;	O
8	B-PERCENT
9/16	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
one	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
average	O
of	O
interbank	O
offered	O
rates	O
for	O
dollar	O
deposits	O
in	O
the	O
London	B-GPE
market	O
based	O
on	O
quotations	O
at	O
five	B-CARDINAL
major	O
banks	O
.	O


FOREIGN	O
PRIME	O
RATES	O
:	O


Canada	B-GPE
13.50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
Germany	B-GPE
8.50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
Japan	B-GPE
4.875	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
Switzerland	B-GPE
8.50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
Britain	B-GPE
15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


These	O
rate	O
indications	O
are	O
n't	O
directly	O
comparable	O
;	O
lending	O
practices	O
vary	O
widely	O
by	O
location	O
.	O


TREASURY	B-ORG
BILLS	O
:	O


Results	O
of	O
the	O
Tuesday	B-DATE
,	I-DATE
October	I-DATE
10	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1989	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
auction	O
of	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
U.S.	B-GPE
government	O
bills	O
,	O
sold	O
at	O
a	O
discount	O
from	O
face	O
value	O
in	O
units	O
of	O
$	O
10,000	B-MONEY
to	O
$	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
:	O


7.63	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
13	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
;	O
7.60	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
26	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
.	O


FEDERAL	B-ORG
HOME	I-ORG
LOAN	I-ORG
MORTGAGE	I-ORG
CORP	I-ORG
.	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
-RRB-	O
:	O


Posted	O
yields	O
on	O
30	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
mortgage	O
commitments	O
for	O
delivery	O
within	O
30	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


9.91	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
standard	O
conventional	O
fixedrate	O
mortgages	O
;	O
7.875	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
rate	O
capped	O
one	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
adjustable	O
rate	O
mortgages	O
.	O


Source	O
:	O
Telerate	B-ORG
Systems	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


FEDERAL	B-ORG
NATIONAL	I-ORG
MORTGAGE	I-ORG
ASSOCIATION	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
Fannie	B-ORG
Mae	I-ORG
-RRB-	O
:	O


Posted	O
yields	O
on	O
30	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
mortgage	O
commitments	O
for	O
delivery	O
within	O
30	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
-LRB-	O
priced	O
at	O
par	O
-RRB-	O


9.86	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
standard	O
conventional	O
fixed	O
-	O
rate	O
mortgages	O
;	O
8.85	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
6/2	B-CARDINAL
rate	O
capped	O
one	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
adjustable	O
rate	O
mortgages	O
.	O


Source	O
:	O
Telerate	B-ORG
Systems	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


MERRILL	B-ORG
LYNCH	I-ORG
READY	O
ASSETS	O
TRUST	O
:	O


8.33	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	I-PERCENT


Annualized	O
average	O
rate	O
of	O
return	O
after	O
expenses	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
;	O
not	O
a	O
forecast	O
of	O
future	O
returns	O
.	O


Pension	O
funds	O
,	O
insurers	O
and	O
other	O
behemoths	O
of	O
the	O
investing	O
world	O
said	O
they	O
began	O
scooping	O
up	O
stocks	O
during	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
market	O
rout	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
plan	O
to	O
buy	O
more	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


Rightly	O
or	O
wrongly	O
,	O
many	O
giant	O
institutional	O
investors	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
fighting	O
the	O
latest	O
war	O
by	O
applying	O
the	O
lesson	O
they	O
learned	O
in	O
the	O
October	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
crash	O
:	O
Buying	O
at	O
the	O
bottom	O
pays	O
off	O
.	O


To	O
be	O
sure	O
,	O
big	O
investors	O
might	O
put	O
away	O
their	O
checkbooks	O
in	O
a	O
hurry	O
if	O
stocks	O
open	O
sharply	O
lower	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


They	O
could	O
still	O
panic	O
and	O
bail	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O


But	O
their	O
1987	B-DATE
performance	O
indicates	O
that	O
they	O
wo	O
n't	O
abandon	O
stocks	O
unless	O
conditions	O
get	O
far	O
worse	O
.	O


``	O
Last	O
time	O
,	O
we	O
got	O
rewarded	O
for	O
going	O
out	O
and	O
buying	O
stocks	O
when	O
the	O
panic	O
was	O
the	O
worst	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
John	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Rogers	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
Chicago	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
Ariel	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
manages	O
$	B-MONEY
1.1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
of	O
stocks	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Rogers	B-PERSON
spent	O
half	O
his	O
cash	O
on	O
hand	O
Friday	B-DATE
for	O
``	O
our	O
favorite	O
stocks	O
that	O
have	O
fallen	O
apart	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
expects	O
to	O
invest	O
the	O
rest	O
if	O
the	O
market	O
weakens	O
further	O
.	O


Denver	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
portfolio	O
manager	O
James	B-PERSON
Craig	I-PERSON
was	O
n't	O
daunted	O
when	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
rout	O
shaved	O
$	B-MONEY
40	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
from	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
the	O
$	B-MONEY
752	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Janus	O
Fund	O
he	O
oversees	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
waited	O
to	O
make	O
sure	O
all	O
the	O
program	O
trades	O
had	O
kicked	O
through	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
jumped	O
into	O
the	O
market	O
:	O


``	O
I	O
spent	O
$	B-MONEY
30	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
the	B-TIME
last	I-TIME
half	I-TIME
-	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
.	O
''	O


Other	O
money	O
managers	O
also	O
opened	O
their	O
wallets	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
was	O
buying	O
at	O
the	O
close	O
-LRB-	O
Friday	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
and	O
I	O
'll	O
be	O
buying	O
again	O
because	O
I	O
know	O
we	O
're	O
getting	O
good	O
value	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Frederick	B-PERSON
A.	I-PERSON
Moran	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
Moran	B-ORG
Asset	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
Greenwich	B-GPE
,	O
Conn	B-GPE
.	O


``	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
justification	O
on	O
the	O
fundamental	O
level	O
for	O
this	O
crash	O
.	O
''	O


Unlike	O
mutual	O
funds	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
forced	O
to	O
sell	O
stockholdings	O
when	O
investors	O
rush	O
to	O
withdraw	O
money	O
,	O
big	O
investors	O
such	O
as	O
pension	O
funds	O
and	O
insurance	O
companies	O
can	O
decide	O
to	O
ride	O
out	O
market	O
storms	O
without	O
jettisoning	O
stock	O
.	O


Most	O
often	O
,	O
they	O
do	O
just	O
that	O
,	O
because	O
stocks	O
have	O
proved	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
best	O
-	O
performing	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
investment	O
,	O
attracting	O
about	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
trillion	I-MONEY
from	O
pension	O
funds	O
alone	O
.	O


``	O
If	O
you	O
bought	O
after	O
the	O
crash	O
,	O
you	O
did	O
very	O
very	O
well	O
off	O
the	O
bottom	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Stephen	B-PERSON
B.	I-PERSON
Timbers	I-PERSON
,	O
chief	O
investment	O
officer	O
of	O
Chicago	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
Kemper	B-ORG
Financial	I-ORG
Services	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
$	B-MONEY
56	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
California	B-ORG
Public	I-ORG
Employees	I-ORG
Retirement	I-ORG
System	I-ORG
,	O
for	O
one	B-CARDINAL
,	O
added	O
$	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
to	O
its	O
stock	O
portfolio	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
The	O
last	O
crash	O
taught	O
institutional	O
investors	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
holders	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
they	O
ca	O
n't	O
react	O
to	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
events	O
,	O
good	O
or	O
bad	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Stephen	B-PERSON
L.	I-PERSON
Nesbitt	I-PERSON
,	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
for	O
the	O
pension	O
consultants	O
Wilshire	B-ORG
Associates	I-ORG
in	O
Santa	B-GPE
Monica	I-GPE
,	O
Calif	B-GPE
.	O


``	O
Those	O
that	O
pulled	O
out	O
-LRB-	O
of	O
stocks	O
-RRB-	O
regretted	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
so	O
I	O
doubt	O
you	O
'll	O
see	O
any	O
significant	O
changes	O
''	O
in	O
institutional	O
portfolios	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
decline	O
.	O


Stocks	O
,	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Standard	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Poor	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
500	B-CARDINAL
-	O
stock	O
index	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
stellar	O
performers	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
rising	O
27.97	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
before	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
plunge	O
,	O
excluding	O
dividends	O
.	O


Even	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
slump	O
leaves	O
investors	O
ahead	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
well	O
above	O
the	O
annual	B-DATE
average	O
for	O
stocks	O
over	O
several	B-DATE
decades	I-DATE
.	O


``	O
You	O
could	O
go	O
down	O
400	B-CARDINAL
points	O
and	O
still	O
have	O
a	B-DATE
good	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
in	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
James	B-PERSON
D.	I-PERSON
Awad	I-PERSON
,	O
president	O
of	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
-	O
based	O
BMI	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


Mr.	O
Awad	B-PERSON
,	O
however	O
,	O
worries	O
that	O
the	O
market	O
``	O
could	O
go	O
down	O
800	B-CARDINAL
or	O
900	B-CARDINAL
points	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


It	O
can	O
happen	O
before	O
you	O
can	O
turn	O
around	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
said	O
he	O
discerns	O
many	O
parallels	O
with	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
including	O
the	O
emphasis	O
on	O
takeover	O
stocks	O
and	O
the	O
re-emergence	O
of	O
computerized	O
program	O
trading	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
only	O
thing	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
is	O
the	O
`	O
portfolio	O
insurance	O
'	O
phenomenon	O
overlaid	O
on	O
the	O
rest	O
.	O
''	O


Most	O
institutional	O
investors	O
have	O
abandoned	O
the	O
portfolio	O
insurance	O
hedging	O
technique	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
widely	O
thought	O
to	O
have	O
worsened	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
.	O


Not	O
really	O
insurance	O
,	O
this	O
tactic	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
soften	O
the	O
blow	O
of	O
declining	O
stock	O
prices	O
and	O
generate	O
an	O
offsetting	O
profit	O
by	O
selling	O
waves	O
of	O
S&P	B-ORG
futures	O
contracts	O
.	O


In	O
its	O
severest	O
test	O
,	O
the	O
$	B-MONEY
60	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
of	O
portfolio	O
insurance	O
in	O
effect	O
in	O
the	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
did	O
n't	O
work	O
,	O
as	O
stock	O
buyers	O
disappeared	O
and	O
stock	O
and	O
futures	O
prices	O
became	O
disconnected	O
.	O


Even	O
without	O
portfolio	O
insurance	O
,	O
market	O
conditions	O
were	O
grim	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
money	O
managers	O
said	O
.	O


Neil	B-PERSON
Weisman	I-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
-	O
based	O
Chilmark	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Partners	I-ORG
had	O
converted	O
85	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
$	B-MONEY
220	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
investment	O
pool	O
to	O
cash	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
,	O
said	O
he	O
was	O
besieged	O
by	O
Wall	O
Street	O
firms	O
Friday	B-DATE
asking	O
him	O
to	O
take	O
stock	O
off	O
their	O
hands	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
got	O
calls	O
from	O
big	O
block	O
houses	O
asking	O
us	O
if	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
make	O
bids	O
on	O
anything	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Mr.	O
Weisman	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
,	O
happy	O
with	O
his	O
returns	O
on	O
investments	O
chalked	O
up	O
earlier	O
,	O
declined	O
the	O
offers	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Weisman	B-PERSON
predicts	O
stocks	O
will	O
appear	O
to	O
stabilize	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
before	O
declining	O
again	O
,	O
trapping	O
more	O
investors	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
rigor	O
mortis	O
rally	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Meanwhile	O
,	O
Friday	B-DATE
brought	O
a	O
reprieve	O
for	O
money	O
managers	O
whose	O
investment	O
styles	O
had	O
put	O
them	O
at	O
odds	O
with	O
the	O
market	O
rally	O
.	O


Especially	O
gleeful	O
were	O
the	O
short	O
sellers	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
pounded	O
by	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
market	O
climb	O
.	O


The	O
shorts	O
sell	O
borrowed	O
shares	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
profit	O
by	O
replacing	O
them	O
later	O
at	O
a	O
lower	O
price	O
.	O


The	O
nation	O
's	O
largest	O
short	O
-	O
selling	O
operation	O
is	O
Feshbach	B-ORG
Brothers	I-ORG
,	O
Palo	B-GPE
Alto	I-GPE
,	O
Calif.	B-GPE
,	O
which	O
said	O
last	B-DATE
May	I-DATE
that	O
its	O
short	O
positions	O
had	O
shown	O
losses	O
of	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
for	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
up	O
to	O
that	O
point	O
.	O


All	O
that	O
now	O
has	O
changed	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
're	O
ahead	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
because	O
of	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
''	O
said	O
the	O
firm	O
's	O
Kurt	B-PERSON
Feshbach	I-PERSON
.	O


``	O
We	O
're	O
not	O
making	O
a	O
killing	O
,	O
but	O
we	O
had	O
a	B-DATE
good	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
.	O


Food	B-ORG
and	I-ORG
Drug	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Jeff	B-PERSON
Nesbit	I-PERSON
said	O
the	O
agency	O
has	O
turned	O
over	O
evidence	O
in	O
a	O
criminal	O
investigation	O
concerning	O
Vitarine	B-ORG
Pharmaceuticals	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Attorney	O
's	O
office	O
in	O
Baltimore	B-GPE
.	O


Neither	O
Vitarine	B-ORG
nor	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
Springfield	B-GPE
Gardens	I-GPE
,	O
N.Y.	B-GPE
,	O
company	O
's	O
officials	O
or	O
employees	O
have	O
been	O
charged	O
with	O
any	O
crimes	O
.	O


Vitarine	B-ORG
won	O
approval	O
to	O
market	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
a	O
blood	O
pressure	O
medicine	O
but	O
acknowledged	O
that	O
it	O
substituted	O
a	O
SmithKline	B-ORG
Beecham	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
product	O
as	O
its	O
own	O
in	O
tests	O
.	O


Mr.	O
Nesbit	B-PERSON
also	O
said	O
the	O
FDA	B-ORG
has	O
asked	O
Bolar	B-ORG
Pharmaceutical	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
to	O
recall	O
at	O
the	O
retail	O
level	O
its	O
urinary	O
tract	O
antibiotic	O
.	O


But	O
so	O
far	O
the	O
company	O
has	O
n't	O
complied	O
with	O
that	O
request	O
,	O
the	O
spokesman	O
said	O
.	O


Bolar	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
a	O
criminal	O
investigation	O
by	O
the	O
FDA	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
Inspector	O
General	O
's	O
office	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Health	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Human	I-ORG
Services	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
,	O
only	O
agreed	O
to	O
recall	O
two	B-CARDINAL
strengths	O
of	O
its	O
version	O
of	O
Macrodantin	B-PRODUCT
``	O
as	O
far	O
down	O
as	O
direct	O
customers	O
,	O
mostly	O
wholesalers	O
,	O
''	O
Mr.	O
Nesbit	B-PERSON
said	O
.	O


Bolar	B-ORG
,	O
of	O
Copiague	B-GPE
,	O
N.Y.	B-GPE
,	O
earlier	O
began	O
a	O
voluntary	O
recall	O
of	O
both	O
its	O
100	B-QUANTITY
milligram	I-QUANTITY
and	O
50	B-QUANTITY
milligram	I-QUANTITY
versions	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O


The	O
FDA	B-ORG
has	O
said	O
it	O
presented	O
evidence	O
it	O
uncovered	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
indicating	O
that	O
Bolar	B-ORG
substituted	O
the	O
brand	O
-	O
name	O
product	O
for	O
its	O
own	O
to	O
gain	O
government	O
approval	O
to	O
sell	O
generic	O
versions	O
of	O
Macrodantin	B-PRODUCT
.	O


Bolar	B-ORG
has	O
denied	O
that	O
it	O
switched	O
the	O
brand	O
-	O
name	O
product	O
for	O
its	O
own	O
in	O
such	O
testing	O
.	O


The	O
West	B-NORP
German	I-NORP
retailer	O
ASKO	B-ORG
Deutsche	I-ORG
Kaufhaus	I-ORG
AG	I-ORG
plans	O
to	O
challenge	O
the	O
legality	O
of	O
a	O
widely	O
employed	O
anti-takeover	O
defense	O
of	O
companies	O
in	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
eventual	O
court	O
decision	O
could	O
become	O
a	O
landmark	O
in	O
Dutch	B-NORP
corporate	O
law	O
because	O
the	O
lawsuit	O
ASKO	B-ORG
plans	O
to	O
file	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
to	O
challenge	O
the	O
entire	O
principle	O
and	O
practice	O
of	O
companies	O
issuing	O
voting	O
preferred	O
shares	O
to	O
management	O
-	O
controlled	O
trusts	O
to	O
dilute	O
voting	O
power	O
of	O
common	O
stockholders	O
.	O


Up	O
to	O
now	O
only	O
specific	O
aspects	O
of	O
these	O
defenses	O
have	O
been	O
challenged	O
,	O
though	O
unsuccessfully	O
,	O
ASKO	B-ORG
's	O
Dutch	B-NORP
lawyers	O
noted	O
.	O


Should	O
the	O
courts	O
uphold	O
the	O
validity	O
of	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
defense	O
,	O
ASKO	B-ORG
will	O
then	O
ask	O
the	O
court	O
to	O
overturn	O
such	O
a	O
vote	O
-	O
diluting	O
maneuver	O
recently	O
deployed	O
by	O
Koninklijke	B-ORG
Ahold	I-ORG
NV	I-ORG
.	O


ASKO	B-ORG
says	O
the	O
Dutch	B-NORP
-	O
based	O
international	O
food	O
retailer	O
had	O
n't	O
reasonable	O
grounds	O
to	O
issue	O
preferred	O
stock	O
to	O
a	O
friendly	O
trust	O
and	O
thus	O
dilute	O
the	O
worth	O
and	O
voting	O
power	O
of	O
ASKO	B-ORG
and	O
other	O
shareholders	O
.	O


Speaking	O
through	O
its	O
Dutch	B-NORP
lawyers	O
,	O
ASKO	B-ORG
also	O
disclosed	O
it	O
holds	O
a	O
15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
in	O
Ahold	B-ORG
.	O


It	O
was	O
previously	O
thought	O
ASKO	B-ORG
held	O
a	O
13.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
stake	O
that	O
was	O
accumulated	O
since	O
July	B-DATE
.	O


A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Ahold	B-ORG
said	O
his	O
company	O
is	O
confident	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
position	O
and	O
the	O
propriety	O
of	O
the	O
preferred	O
-	O
share	O
issue	O
.	O


He	O
termed	O
ASKO	B-ORG
's	O
legal	O
actions	O
as	O
``	O
unproductive	O
''	O
to	O
international	O
cooperation	O
among	O
European	B-NORP
retailers	O
.	O


Chase	B-ORG
Manhattan	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Willard	B-PERSON
Butcher	I-PERSON
is	O
a	O
conservative	O
banker	O
and	O
a	O
loyal	O
Republican	B-NORP
,	O
but	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
morning	B-TIME
he	O
had	O
few	O
kind	O
words	O
for	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
's	O
economic	O
policy	O
-	O
making	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
are	O
some	O
very	O
significant	O
issues	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
fiscal	O
deficit	O
,	O
the	O
trade	O
deficit	O
,	O
our	O
relations	O
with	O
Japan	B-GPE
,	O
that	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
major	O
initiatives	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
'd	O
like	O
to	O
see	O
that	O
initiative	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
n't	O
a	O
big	O
shot	O
,	O
an	O
agenda	O
.	O
''	O


A	B-TIME
few	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
later	I-TIME
,	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
dropped	O
190	B-CARDINAL
points	O
.	O


Politicians	O
tried	O
to	O
finger	O
each	O
other	O
for	O
the	O
blame	O
,	O
although	O
many	O
analysts	O
doubt	O
that	O
Washington	B-GPE
was	O
singly	O
responsible	O
for	O
Wall	O
Street	O
's	O
woes	O
.	O


But	O
Mr.	O
Butcher	B-PERSON
's	O
comments	O
make	O
one	O
thing	O
clear	O
:	O
Some	O
on	O
Wall	O
Street	O
wonder	O
if	O
anyone	O
is	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
economic	O
policy	O
.	O


Consider	O
this	O
:	O


--	O
By	O
11:59	B-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
tonight	I-TIME
,	O
President	O
Bush	B-PERSON
must	O
order	O
$	B-MONEY
16	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
of	O
automatic	O
,	O
across	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
board	O
cuts	O
in	O
government	O
spending	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
the	O
Gramm	B-LAW
-	I-LAW
Rudman	I-LAW
budget	O
law	O
.	O


The	O
cuts	O
are	O
necessary	O
because	O
Congress	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
administration	O
have	O
failed	O
to	O
reach	O
agreement	O
on	O
a	O
deficit	O
-	O
cutting	O
bill	O
.	O


``	O
We	O
simply	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
strong	O
leadership	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
deficit	O
and	O
make	O
tough	O
choices	O
,	O
''	O
House	B-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Leon	B-PERSON
Panetta	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Calif	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
said	O
yesterday	B-DATE
on	O
NBC	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
``	O
Meet	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Press	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


--	O
For	O
the	O
last	O
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
Bush	B-PERSON
administration	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
have	O
been	O
engaged	O
in	O
a	O
semi-public	O
battle	O
over	O
international	O
economic	O
policy	O
.	O


The	O
administration	O
has	O
been	O
trying	O
to	O
push	O
the	O
dollar	O
lower	O
;	O
the	O
Fed	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
resisting	O
.	O


``	O
One	O
of	O
the	O
things	O
that	O
continues	O
to	O
worry	O
me	O
is	O
this	O
monetary	O
warfare	O
between	O
the	B-ORG
Treasury	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
,	O
''	O
said	O
Lawrence	B-PERSON
Kudlow	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
Bear	B-ORG
,	I-ORG
Stearns	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
economist	O
,	O
on	O
ABC	B-ORG
's	O
``	O
This	B-WORK_OF_ART
Week	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


--	O
The	O
administration	O
has	O
sent	O
out	O
confusing	O
signals	O
about	O
its	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
recent	O
spate	O
of	O
airline	O
takeovers	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
Transportation	B-ORG
Secretary	O
Sam	B-PERSON
Skinner	I-PERSON
forced	O
Northwest	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
to	O
reduce	O
a	O
stake	O
held	O
by	O
KLM	B-ORG
Royal	I-ORG
Dutch	I-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
he	O
has	O
since	O
run	O
into	O
opposition	O
from	O
the	O
Treasury	B-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
over	O
that	O
decision	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
has	O
kept	O
mum	O
on	O
how	O
his	O
decision	O
might	O
affect	O
a	O
bid	O
for	O
United	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
includes	O
a	O
big	O
stake	O
by	O
British	B-ORG
Airways	I-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
.	O


Some	O
analysts	O
say	O
uncertainty	O
about	O
Washington	B-GPE
's	O
anti-takeover	O
policy	O
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
reason	O
that	O
financing	O
for	O
the	O
United	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
takeover	O
fell	O
through	O
--	O
the	O
event	O
that	O
triggered	O
the	O
market	O
drop	O
.	O


In	O
many	O
ways	O
,	O
the	O
backdrop	O
to	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
stock	O
decline	O
is	O
eerily	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
October	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
508	B-CARDINAL
-	O
point	O
crash	O
.	O


Then	O
,	O
as	O
now	O
,	O
the	O
budget	O
debate	O
was	O
behind	O
schedule	O
and	O
automatic	O
spending	O
cuts	O
were	O
within	O
days	B-DATE
of	O
taking	O
hold	O
.	O


The	O
Treasury	B-ORG
was	O
locked	O
in	O
a	O
battle	O
over	O
international	O
economic	O
policy	O
,	O
although	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
with	O
West	B-NORP
German	I-NORP
officials	O
rather	O
than	O
the	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Reserve	I-ORG
.	O


And	O
concern	O
about	O
official	O
actions	O
aimed	O
at	O
takeovers	O
--	O
then	O
by	O
the	O
tax	O
-	O
writing	O
House	B-ORG
Ways	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Means	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
rather	O
than	O
the	B-ORG
Transportation	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
--	O
were	O
making	O
markets	O
nervous	O
.	O


The	O
1987	B-DATE
crash	O
brought	O
the	O
Reagan	B-PERSON
administration	O
and	O
Democratic	B-NORP
lawmakers	O
to	O
the	O
table	O
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
budget	O
summit	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
two	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
deficit	O
by	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
76	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
--	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
deficit	O
actually	O
rose	O
by	O
nearly	O
$	B-MONEY
12	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
during	O
that	O
period	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
barring	O
further	O
drops	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
similar	O
outcome	O
does	O
n't	O
seem	O
likely	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Lawmakers	O
and	O
administration	O
officials	O
agree	O
that	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
drop	O
,	O
by	O
itself	O
,	O
is	O
n't	O
enough	O
to	O
force	O
both	O
sides	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
table	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
reach	O
a	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
agreement	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
more	O
serious	O
and	O
more	O
far	O
-	O
reaching	O
than	O
last	B-DATE
spring	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
gimmick	O
-	O
ridden	O
plan	O
,	O
which	O
still	O
is	O
n't	O
fully	O
implemented	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
biggest	O
reasons	O
that	O
new	O
talks	O
are	O
n't	O
likely	O
to	O
come	O
about	O
is	O
that	O
,	O
as	O
everyone	O
learned	O
in	O
1987	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
economy	O
and	O
the	O
market	O
can	O
survive	O
a	O
one	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
508	B-CARDINAL
-	O
point	O
tumble	O
.	O


``	O
Everybody	O
thought	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
a	O
repetition	O
of	O
1929	B-DATE
,	O
that	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
a	O
recession	O
,	O
''	O
Rep.	O
Panetta	B-PERSON
said	O
yesterday	B-DATE
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O


``	O
That	O
did	O
not	O
happen	O
.	O


They	O
learned	O
they	O
could	O
survive	O
it	O
without	O
much	O
problem	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
administration	O
officials	O
privately	O
agree	O
with	O
Mr.	O
Panetta	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
said	O
a	O
precipitous	O
drop	O
this	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
``	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
force	O
the	O
president	O
and	O
Congress	B-ORG
to	O
take	O
a	O
much	O
harder	O
look	O
at	O
fiscal	O
policy	O
.	O
''	O


In	O
that	O
case	O
,	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
plenty	O
of	O
blame	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
is	O
an	O
underlying	O
concern	O
on	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
people	O
--	O
and	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
-	O
that	O
the	O
administration	O
has	O
not	O
gone	O
far	O
enough	O
in	O
cutting	O
this	O
deficit	O
and	O
that	O
Congress	B-ORG
has	O
been	O
unwilling	O
to	O
cut	O
what	O
the	O
administration	O
asked	O
us	O
to	O
cut	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Senate	B-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Lloyd	B-PERSON
Bentsen	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Texas	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O


Nevertheless	O
,	O
it	O
clearly	O
will	O
take	O
more	O
than	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
190	B-CARDINAL
-	O
point	O
decline	O
to	O
overcome	O
the	O
bitter	O
feelings	O
that	O
have	O
developed	O
between	O
lawmakers	O
and	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
Budget	O
Director	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Darman	I-PERSON
over	O
the	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
fight	O
.	O


Hill	B-ORG
Democrats	B-NORP
are	O
particularly	O
angry	O
over	O
Mr.	O
Bush	B-PERSON
's	O
claim	O
that	O
the	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
cut	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
April	B-DATE
's	O
budget	O
accord	O
and	O
his	O
insistence	O
on	O
combining	O
it	O
with	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
legislation	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
prospect	O
of	O
any	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
grand	O
compromise	O
or	O
deal	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
because	O
the	O
administration	O
simply	O
did	O
n't	O
live	O
up	O
to	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
deal	O
,	O
''	O
Senate	B-ORG
Majority	O
Leader	O
George	B-PERSON
Mitchell	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
D.	B-NORP
,	O
Maine	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
said	O
yesterday	B-DATE
on	O
CBS	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
``	O
Face	B-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Nation	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
''	O


During	O
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
maneuverings	O
on	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
cutting	O
bill	O
and	O
the	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
issue	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
signs	O
that	O
Senate	B-ORG
Republicans	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
administration	O
were	O
at	O
odds	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
very	O
moment	O
that	O
Senate	B-ORG
Republicans	B-NORP
were	O
negotiating	O
a	O
deal	O
to	O
exclude	O
capital	O
gains	O
from	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
legislation	O
,	O
White	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Marlin	B-PERSON
Fitzwater	I-PERSON
told	O
reporters	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
president	O
's	O
policy	O
to	O
include	O
it	O
.	O


When	O
an	O
agreement	O
was	O
reached	O
to	O
strip	O
capital	O
gains	O
from	O
the	O
legislation	O
,	O
Oregon	B-GPE
Sen.	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Packwood	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
ranking	O
GOP	B-ORG
member	O
of	O
the	O
tax	O
-	O
writing	O
Senate	B-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
hailed	O
it	O
.	O


Asked	O
if	O
the	O
administration	O
agreed	O
,	O
he	O
curtly	O
replied	O
:	O
``	O
The	O
adminstration	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
speak	O
for	O
itself	O
.	O
''	O


Friday	B-DATE
's	O
market	O
tumble	O
could	O
spur	O
action	O
on	O
reconciling	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
and	O
Senate	B-ORG
versions	O
of	O
the	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
measure	O
,	O
a	O
process	O
that	O
is	O
n't	O
expected	O
to	O
begin	O
until	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
at	O
the	O
soonest	O
.	O


Senate	B-ORG
Republicans	B-NORP
expressed	O
the	O
hope	O
that	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
would	O
follow	O
the	O
lead	O
of	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
,	O
which	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
agreed	O
to	O
drop	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
spending	O
measures	O
and	O
tax	O
breaks	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
increased	O
the	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
deficit	O
.	O


``	O
The	O
market	O
needs	O
a	O
strong	O
signal	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
serious	O
about	O
deficit	O
reduction	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
best	O
way	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
is	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
House	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Representatives	I-ORG
to	O
strip	O
their	O
bill	O
''	O
of	O
similar	O
provisions	O
,	O
Sen.	O
Warren	B-PERSON
Rudman	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R.	B-NORP
,	O
N.H	B-GPE
.	I-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O
said	O
yesterday	B-DATE
.	O


The	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
,	O
whose	O
calculations	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
Gramm	B-LAW
-	I-LAW
Rudman	I-LAW
targets	O
are	O
met	O
,	O
estimated	O
that	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
-	O
passed	O
deficit	O
-	O
reduction	O
measure	O
would	O
cut	O
the	O
fiscal	B-DATE
1990	I-DATE
shortfall	O
by	O
$	B-MONEY
6.2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
almost	B-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
of	O
the	B-ORG
Congressional	I-ORG
Budget	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
estimate	O
of	O
$	B-MONEY
11.0	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
.	O


Rep.	O
Panetta	B-PERSON
said	O
that	O
OMB	B-ORG
's	O
figure	O
would	O
still	O
be	O
enough	O
to	O
avoid	O
permanent	O
across	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
board	O
cuts	O
,	O
but	O
added	O
:	O
``	O
We	O
're	O
getting	O
very	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
margins	O
here	O
.	O
''	O


No	O
one	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
was	O
willing	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
blame	O
for	O
provoking	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
drop	O
in	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
.	O


But	O
some	O
players	O
were	O
quick	O
to	O
seize	O
the	O
moment	O
.	O


Before	O
the	O
sun	O
had	O
set	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
,	O
Richard	B-PERSON
Rahn	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
supply	O
-	O
side	O
chief	O
economist	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
Chamber	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
,	O
issued	O
a	O
statement	O
attributing	O
the	O
drop	O
in	O
stock	O
prices	O
to	O
the	O
Senate	B-ORG
decision	O
to	O
postpone	O
action	O
on	O
capital	O
gains	O
.	O


``	O
Investors	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
holding	O
assets	O
in	O
anticipation	O
of	O
a	O
more	O
favorable	O
time	O
to	O
sell	O
,	O
were	O
spooked	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


``	O
There	O
have	O
been	O
many	O
preposterous	O
reasons	O
advanced	O
to	O
support	O
a	O
capital	O
-	O
gains	O
tax	O
cut	O
,	O
''	O
Sen.	O
Mitchell	B-PERSON
said	O
during	O
his	O
television	O
appearance	O
,	O
``	O
but	O
I	O
suggest	O
that	O
is	O
perhaps	O
more	O
than	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
others	O
.	O


Honeywell	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
International	B-ORG
Business	I-ORG
Machines	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
received	O
Air	B-ORG
Force	I-ORG
contracts	O
to	O
develop	O
integrated	O
circuits	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
space	O
.	O


Honeywell	B-ORG
's	O
contract	O
totaled	O
$	B-MONEY
69.7	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
IBM	B-ORG
's	O
$	B-MONEY
68.8	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Boeing	B-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
received	O
a	O
$	B-MONEY
46.7	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Air	B-ORG
Force	I-ORG
contract	O
for	O
developing	O
cable	O
systems	O
for	O
the	B-PRODUCT
Minuteman	I-PRODUCT
Missile	I-PRODUCT
.	O


General	B-ORG
Dynamics	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
received	O
a	O
$	B-MONEY
29	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Air	B-ORG
Force	I-ORG
contract	O
for	O
electronic	O
-	O
warfare	O
training	O
sets	O
.	O


Grumman	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
received	O
an	O
$	B-MONEY
18.1	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Navy	B-ORG
contract	O
to	O
upgrade	O
aircraft	O
electronics	O
.	O


Avco	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
received	O
an	O
$	B-MONEY
11.8	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
Army	B-ORG
contract	O
for	O
helicopter	O
engines	O
.	O


Sharp	O
increases	O
in	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
fresh	O
produce	O
caused	O
Spain	B-GPE
's	O
September	B-DATE
consumer	O
price	O
index	O
to	O
shoot	O
up	O
1.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
pushing	O
the	O
annual	B-DATE
rate	O
of	O
inflation	O
to	O
6.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Statistics	I-ORG
said	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
monthly	B-DATE
increase	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
recorded	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
four	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
index	O
,	O
which	O
registered	O
156.8	B-CARDINAL
at	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
September	I-DATE
,	O
has	O
a	O
base	O
of	O
100	B-CARDINAL
set	O
in	O
1983	B-DATE
and	O
is	O
n't	O
seasonally	B-DATE
adjusted	O
.	O


Prices	O
have	O
risen	O
5.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
in	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
nine	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
outstripping	O
both	O
the	O
initial	O
3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
inflation	O
goal	O
set	O
by	O
the	O
government	O
of	O
Socialist	B-NORP
Prime	O
Minister	O
Felipe	B-PERSON
Gonzalez	I-PERSON
and	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
,	O
revised	O
goal	O
of	O
5.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Japan	B-GPE
's	O
wholesale	O
prices	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
rose	O
3.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
and	O
were	O
up	O
0.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Japan	I-ORG
announced	O
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
wholesale	O
price	O
index	O
stood	O
at	O
90.1	B-CARDINAL
,	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
1985	B-DATE
base	O
of	O
100	B-CARDINAL
.	O


Ford	B-ORG
Motor	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
acquired	O
5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
shares	O
in	O
Jaguar	B-ORG
PLC	I-ORG
.	O


Jaguar	B-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
London	I-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
are	O
being	O
notified	O
of	O
the	O
transactions	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
said	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
U.S.	I-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
advised	O
Ford	B-ORG
last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
that	O
it	O
would	O
n't	O
raise	O
any	O
objection	O
to	O
the	O
acquisition	O
of	O
as	B-PERCENT
much	I-PERCENT
as	I-PERCENT
15	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
Jaguar	B-ORG
shares	O
.	O


The	O
No.	O
2	B-CARDINAL
auto	O
maker	O
disclosed	O
last	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
that	O
it	O
wants	O
to	O
buy	O
as	B-PERCENT
much	I-PERCENT
as	I-PERCENT
15	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
British	B-NORP
luxury	O
-	O
car	O
maker	O
,	O
the	O
maximum	O
allowed	O
under	O
current	O
United	B-GPE
Kingdom	I-GPE
government	O
restrictions	O
.	O


General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
had	O
discussed	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
joint	O
venture	O
with	O
Jaguar	B-ORG
before	O
Ford	B-ORG
began	O
buying	O
shares	O
.	O


GM	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
still	O
is	O
talking	O
with	O
Jaguar	B-ORG
about	O
acquiring	O
a	O
minority	O
interest	O
.	O


Investors	O
who	O
bought	O
stock	O
with	O
borrowed	O
money	O
--	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
``	O
on	O
margin	O
''	O
--	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
worried	O
than	O
most	O
following	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
market	O
drop	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
because	O
their	O
brokers	O
can	O
require	O
them	O
to	O
sell	O
some	O
shares	O
or	O
put	O
up	O
more	O
cash	O
to	O
enhance	O
the	O
collateral	O
backing	O
their	O
loans	O
.	O


In	O
October	B-DATE
1987	I-DATE
,	O
these	O
margin	O
calls	O
were	O
thought	O
to	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
downward	O
spiral	O
of	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
.	O


Typically	O
,	O
a	O
margin	O
call	O
occurs	O
when	O
the	O
price	O
of	O
a	O
stock	O
falls	O
below	O
75	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
original	O
value	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
investor	O
does	O
n't	O
put	O
up	O
the	O
extra	O
cash	O
to	O
satisfy	O
the	O
call	O
,	O
the	O
brokerage	O
firm	O
may	O
begin	O
liquidating	O
the	O
securities	O
.	O


But	O
some	O
big	O
brokerage	O
firms	O
said	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
expect	O
major	O
problems	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
margin	O
calls	O
.	O


Margin	O
calls	O
since	O
Friday	B-DATE
``	O
have	O
been	O
higher	O
than	O
usual	O
,	O
but	O
reasonable	O
,	O
''	O
a	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Shearson	B-ORG
Lehman	I-ORG
Hutton	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
said	O
.	O


Merrill	B-ORG
Lynch	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
officials	O
``	O
do	O
n't	O
expect	O
-LCB-	O
margin	O
calls	O
-RCB-	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
big	O
a	O
factor	O
as	O
in	O
1987	B-DATE
''	O
because	O
fewer	O
individual	O
investors	O
are	O
buying	O
stock	O
on	O
margin	O
,	O
a	O
spokesman	O
said	O
.	O


Hugo	B-PERSON
Quackenbush	I-PERSON
,	O
senior	O
vice	O
president	O
at	O
Charles	B-ORG
Schwab	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
San	B-GPE
Francisco	I-GPE
-	O
based	O
discount	O
brokerage	O
firm	O
,	O
said	O
he	O
did	O
n't	O
expect	O
any	O
immediate	O
problems	O
with	O
margin	O
calls	O
for	O
Schwab	B-ORG
customers	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
Schwab	B-ORG
had	O
increased	O
margin	O
requirements	O
``	O
so	O
customers	O
have	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
cushion	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
added	O
:	O
``	O
We	O
learned	O
a	O
lesson	O
in	O
1987	B-DATE
about	O
volatility	O
.	O


Avis	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
following	O
rival	O
Hertz	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
's	O
lead	O
,	O
said	O
it	O
is	O
backing	O
out	O
of	O
frequent	O
-	O
flier	O
programs	O
with	O
three	B-CARDINAL
airlines	O
.	O


The	O
Garden	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
,	O
N.Y.	B-GPE
,	O
car	O
-	O
rental	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
wo	O
n't	O
renew	O
contracts	O
with	O
NWA	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Northwest	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
unit	O
,	O
Pan	B-ORG
Am	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Pan	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
World	I-ORG
Airways	I-ORG
unit	O
and	O
Midway	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
at	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


But	O
it	O
remains	O
involved	O
in	O
programs	O
with	O
AMR	B-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
unit	O
and	O
Delta	B-ORG
Air	I-ORG
Lines	I-ORG
.	O


Industry	O
estimates	O
put	O
Avis	B-ORG
's	O
annual	O
cost	O
of	O
all	O
five	B-CARDINAL
programs	O
at	O
between	B-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
8	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
$	I-MONEY
14	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Avis	B-ORG
would	O
n't	O
specify	O
the	O
costs	O
but	O
said	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
airlines	O
being	O
dropped	O
account	O
for	O
``	O
far	B-CARDINAL
less	I-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
''	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
.	O


Budget	B-ORG
Rent	I-ORG
a	I-ORG
Car	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
of	O
Chicago	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
National	B-ORG
Car	I-ORG
Rental	I-ORG
Systems	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
,	O
of	O
Minneapolis	B-GPE
,	O
both	O
said	O
they	O
had	O
no	O
plans	O
to	O
follow	O
suit	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
Budget	B-ORG
indicated	O
it	O
saw	O
some	O
benefit	O
to	O
staying	O
involved	O
in	O
these	O
programs	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
renters	O
earn	O
frequent	O
-	O
flier	O
miles	O
and	O
fliers	O
can	O
get	O
car	O
-	O
rental	O
discounts	O
.	O


``	O
I	O
can	O
not	O
see	O
how	O
this	O
news	O
by	O
Hertz	B-ORG
and	O
Avis	B-ORG
can	O
not	O
benefit	O
Budget	B-ORG
's	O
programs	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Wilson	I-PERSON
,	O
Budget	B-ORG
's	O
vice	O
president	O
,	O
marketing	O
planning	O
.	O


Northwest	B-ORG
and	O
Midway	B-ORG
are	O
two	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
five	B-CARDINAL
airlines	O
with	O
which	O
Budget	B-ORG
has	O
agreements	O
.	O


National	B-ORG
also	O
participates	O
in	O
the	O
Northwest	B-ORG
frequent	O
-	O
flier	O
program	O
along	O
with	O
four	B-CARDINAL
other	O
airlines	O
,	O
including	O
Delta	B-ORG
and	O
USAir	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
USAir	B-ORG
unit	O
.	O


A	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
Hertz	B-ORG
,	O
of	O
Park	B-GPE
Ridge	I-GPE
,	O
N.J.	B-GPE
,	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
drop	O
its	O
marketing	O
agreements	O
at	O
year	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
with	O
Delta	B-ORG
,	O
America	B-ORG
West	I-ORG
and	O
Texas	B-ORG
Air	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Continental	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
and	O
Eastern	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
that	O
pacts	O
with	O
American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
,	O
UAL	B-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
United	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
and	O
USAir	B-ORG
also	O
would	O
be	O
ended	O
...	O
sometime	O
after	O
Dec.	B-DATE
31	I-DATE
.	O


At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
Hertz	B-ORG
said	O
its	O
annual	B-DATE
fees	O
to	O
those	O
airlines	O
amounted	O
to	O
$	B-MONEY
20	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
and	O
that	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
redeemed	O
awards	O
topped	O
$	B-MONEY
15	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
.	O


Analysts	O
and	O
competitors	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
doubt	O
the	O
numbers	O
were	O
that	O
high	O
.	O


Budget	B-ORG
said	O
its	O
frequent	O
-	O
flier	O
costs	O
are	O
``	O
substantially	O
below	O
''	O
Avis	B-ORG
's	O
level	O
.	O


Robert	B-PERSON
D.	I-PERSON
Cardillo	I-PERSON
,	O
Avis	B-ORG
vice	O
president	O
of	O
marketing	O
,	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
proliferation	O
and	O
costs	O
attached	O
to	O
-LCB-	O
frequent	O
-	O
flier	O
programs	O
-RCB-	O
have	O
significantly	O
diminished	O
their	O
value	O
.	O
''	O


This	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
has	O
been	O
difficult	O
for	O
both	O
Hertz	B-ORG
and	O
Avis	B-ORG
,	O
said	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Finnie	I-PERSON
,	O
car	O
-	O
rental	O
industry	O
analyst	O
at	O
Alex	B-ORG
.	I-ORG
Brown	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Sons	I-ORG
.	O


``	O
They	O
've	O
been	O
looking	O
to	O
get	O
their	O
costs	O
down	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
fairly	O
sensible	O
way	O
to	O
do	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


CBS	B-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
is	O
cutting	O
``	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Pat	I-WORK_OF_ART
Sajak	I-WORK_OF_ART
Show	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
down	O
to	O
one	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
from	O
its	O
current	O
90	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
.	O


CBS	B-ORG
insisted	O
the	O
move	O
was	O
n't	O
a	O
setback	O
for	O
the	O
program	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
network	O
's	O
first	O
entry	O
into	O
the	O
late	O
-	O
night	O
talk	O
show	O
format	O
since	O
1972	B-DATE
.	O


``	O
I	O
have	O
every	O
intention	O
of	O
making	O
this	O
the	O
best	O
possible	O
show	O
and	O
having	O
it	O
run	O
one	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
is	O
the	O
best	O
way	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
''	O
said	O
Rod	B-PERSON
Perth	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
was	O
named	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
late	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
entertainment	O
in	O
August	B-DATE
.	O


``	O
This	O
will	O
raise	O
the	O
energy	O
level	O
of	O
the	O
show	O
.	O
''	O


CBS	B-ORG
will	O
continue	O
to	O
program	O
action	O
-	O
adventure	O
shows	O
to	O
follow	O
the	O
Sajak	B-PERSON
hour	B-TIME
.	O


But	O
CBS	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
will	O
extend	O
its	O
four	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
hour	I-DATE
``	O
Nightwatch	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
by	O
30	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
and	O
begin	O
at	O
1:30	B-TIME
a.m	I-TIME
.	O


The	O
show	O
,	O
despite	O
a	O
promising	O
start	O
,	O
has	O
slipped	O
badly	O
in	O
the	O
weekly	B-DATE
ratings	O
as	O
compiled	O
by	O
A.C.	B-ORG
Nielsen	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
finishing	O
far	O
below	O
``	O
Tonight	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
on	O
NBC	B-ORG
,	O
a	O
unit	O
of	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
``	O
Nightline	B-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
on	O
ABC	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
TV	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
unit	O
of	O
Capital	B-ORG
Cities	I-ORG
/	I-ORG
ABC	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


Further	O
fractioning	O
the	O
late	O
-	O
night	O
audience	O
is	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
the	O
``	O
Arsenio	B-WORK_OF_ART
Hall	I-WORK_OF_ART
Show	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
''	O
syndicated	O
by	O
Paramount	B-ORG
Communications	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
following	O
were	O
among	O
Friday	B-DATE
's	O
offerings	O
and	O
pricings	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	B-GPE
and	O
non-U.S.	B-GPE
capital	O
markets	O
,	O
with	O
terms	O
and	O
syndicate	O
manager	O
,	O
as	O
compiled	O
by	O
Dow	B-ORG
Jones	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
Report	I-ORG
:	O


Dow	B-ORG
Chemical	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
--	I-ORG


$	B-MONEY
150	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
8.55	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
senior	O
notes	O
due	O
Oct.	B-DATE
15	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
2009	I-DATE
,	O
priced	O
at	O
par	O
.	O


The	O
issue	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
puttable	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
at	O
par	O
on	O
Oct.	B-DATE
15	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1999	I-DATE
,	O
was	O
priced	O
at	O
a	O
spread	O
of	O
50	B-CARDINAL
basis	O
points	O
above	O
the	O
Treasury	B-ORG
's	O
10	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
note	O
.	O


Rated	O
single	O
-	O
A	O
-	O
1	B-CARDINAL
by	O
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Investors	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
and	O
single	O
-	O
A	O
by	O
Standard	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Poor	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
non-callable	O
issue	O
will	O
be	O
sold	O
through	O
underwriters	O
led	O
by	O
Merrill	B-ORG
Lynch	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
.	O


Centel	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
--	I-ORG


$	B-MONEY
150	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
debentures	O
due	O
Oct.	B-DATE
15	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
2019	I-DATE
,	O
priced	O
at	O
99.943	B-CARDINAL
to	O
yield	O
9.008	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


The	O
non-callable	O
issue	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
put	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
in	O
1999	B-DATE
,	O
was	O
priced	O
at	O
99	B-CARDINAL
basis	O
points	O
above	O
the	O
Treasury	B-ORG
's	O
10	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
note	O
.	O


Rated	O
Baa	O
-	O
1	B-CARDINAL
by	O
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
and	O
triple	O
-	O
B	O
-	O
plus	O
by	O
S&P	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
issue	O
will	O
be	O
sold	O
through	O
underwriters	O
led	O
by	O
Morgan	B-ORG
Stanley	I-ORG
&	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
.	O


Federal	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Mortgage	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
--	I-ORG


$	B-MONEY
500	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
Remic	O
mortgage	O
securities	O
offered	O
in	O
13	B-CARDINAL
classes	O
by	O
Prudential	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Bache	I-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
offering	O
,	O
Series	O
102	B-CARDINAL
,	O
backed	O
by	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
8	B-PERCENT
1/2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
securities	O
with	O
a	O
weighted	O
average	O
remaining	O
term	O
to	O
maturity	O
of	O
28.4	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
was	O
priced	O
before	O
the	O
market	O
's	O
afternoon	B-TIME
surge	O
.	O


Among	O
classes	O
for	O
which	O
details	O
were	O
available	O
,	O
yields	O
ranged	O
from	O
8.78	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
or	O
75	B-CARDINAL
basis	O
points	O
over	O
two	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
Treasury	B-ORG
securities	O
,	O
to	O
10.05	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
or	O
200	B-CARDINAL
basis	O
points	O
over	O
10	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
Treasurys	B-ORG
.	O


Federal	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Mortgage	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
--	I-ORG


$	B-MONEY
300	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
Remic	O
mortgage	O
securities	O
offered	O
by	O
Citicorp	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
offering	O
,	O
Series	O
101	B-CARDINAL
,	O
is	O
backed	O
by	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
9	B-PERCENT
1/2	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
securities	O
.	O


Pricing	O
details	O
were	O
n't	O
immediately	O
available	O
.	O


Federal	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Loan	I-ORG
Mortgage	I-ORG
Corp.	I-ORG
--	I-ORG


$	B-MONEY
200	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
of	O
stripped	O
mortgage	O
securities	O
underwritten	O
by	O
BT	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
agency	O
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
strips	O
issue	O
,	O
collateralized	O
by	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
securities	O
pooled	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
security	O
called	O
a	O
Giant	B-ORG
,	O
will	O
be	O
divided	O
into	O
interest	O
-	O
only	O
and	O
principal	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
.	O


The	O
collateral	O
is	O
being	O
sold	O
by	O
a	O
thrift	O
institution	O
.	O


The	O
principal	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
will	O
be	O
repackaged	O
by	O
BT	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
into	O
a	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
Remic	O
,	O
Series	O
103	B-CARDINAL
,	O
that	O
will	O
have	O
six	B-CARDINAL
classes	O
.	O


The	O
interest	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
will	O
be	O
sold	O
separately	O
by	O
BT	B-ORG
Securities	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
principal	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
pay	O
the	O
principal	O
from	O
the	O
underlying	O
Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
securities	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
interest	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
pay	O
only	O
interest	O
.	O


Freddie	B-ORG
Mac	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
principal	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
were	O
priced	O
at	O
58	B-CARDINAL
1/4	I-CARDINAL
to	O
yield	O
8.45	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
assuming	O
an	O
average	O
life	O
of	O
eight	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
and	O
a	O
prepayment	O
of	O
160	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
PSA	B-ORG
model	O
.	O


The	O
interest	O
-	O
only	O
securities	O
were	O
priced	O
at	O
35	B-CARDINAL
1/2	I-CARDINAL
to	O
yield	O
10.72	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


There	O
were	O
no	O
major	O
Eurobond	O
or	O
foreign	O
bond	O
offerings	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
Friday	B-DATE
.	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Lanzhou	B-GPE
,	O
February	B-DATE
15	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O
-LRB-	O
reporter	O
Zhi	B-PERSON
Qu	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Currently	O
,	O
foreign	O
funded	O
enterprises	O
in	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
no	O
longer	O
worry	O
about	O
investment	O
risk	O
.	O


To	O
ensure	O
that	O
the	O
opening	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
outside	O
world	O
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
smoothly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
"	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
"	O
period	O
-LRB-	O
1991	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
1995	I-DATE
-RRB-	O
,	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
foreign	O
affairs	O
insurance	O
industry	O
developed	O
rapidly	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
already	O
provided	O
an	O
accumulated	O
sum	O
of	O
61.1	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
in	O
terms	O
of	O
risk	O
safeguard	O
.	O


Insurance	O
coverages	O
include	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
large	O
categories	O
of	O
property	O
,	O
liability	O
,	O
credit	O
and	O
life	O
,	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
sixty	B-CARDINAL
primary	O
and	O
secondary	O
risk	O
types	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
presentations	O
from	O
concerned	O
departments	O
in	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
,	O
since	O
the	O
"	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
"	O
,	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
used	O
foreign	O
investments	O
to	O
vigorously	O
develop	O
.	O


On	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
meeting	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
economic	O
development	O
and	O
overseas	O
investors	O
,	O
the	O
Gansu	B-GPE
provincial	O
branch	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
People	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Insurance	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
caters	O
to	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
's	O
requirements	O
,	O
providing	O
whole	O
-	O
process	O
insurance	O
which	O
extends	O
from	O
the	O
import	O
of	O
equipment	O
to	O
its	O
transportation	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
installation	O
to	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
fixed	O
assets	O
,	O
thus	O
helping	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
to	O
set	O
their	O
minds	O
at	O
ease	O
.	O


Conventional	O
insurance	O
lines	O
such	O
as	O
transportation	O
insurance	O
,	O
property	O
insurance	O
,	O
automobile	O
insurance	O
,	O
etc.	O
are	O
specially	O
offered	O
to	O
foreign	O
funded	O
enterprises	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
Zhengda	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Huaxing	I-ORG
Aluminum	I-ORG
Firm	I-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
new	O
types	O
of	O
insurance	O
such	O
as	O
employer	O
liability	O
insurance	O
,	O
investment	O
insurance	O
,	O
and	O
profit	O
-	O
loss	O
insurance	O
,	O
etc.	O
are	O
also	O
offered	O
at	O
the	O
appropriate	O
time	O
,	O
satisfying	O
the	O
investment	O
needs	O
of	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
,	O
bringing	O
the	O
insurance	O
rate	O
of	O
the	O
foreign	O
business	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
to	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
90	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
"	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
"	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
risk	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Insurance	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
took	O
up	O
for	O
the	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
of	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
reached	O
771	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
paid	O
out	O
13.855	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
as	O
indemnity	O
,	O
effectively	O
promoting	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
.	O


The	O
"	O
redirection	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Da	I-LOC
river	I-LOC
to	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
"	O
project	O
mortgaged	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
World	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
is	O
the	O
longest	O
gravity	O
-	O
irrigation	O
water	O
conservancy	O
project	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
country	O
.	O


People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Insurance	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
in	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
provided	O
all	O
kinds	O
of	O
risk	O
insurance	O
to	O
thirteen	O
of	O
the	O
joint	O
venture	O
contractors	O
and	O
had	O
indemnity	O
reaching	O
693	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
.	O


They	O
also	O
provided	O
190	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
installation	O
insurance	O
for	O
a	O
national	O
key	O
project	O
:	O
the	O
Lanhua	B-FAC
Chemical	I-FAC
Fertilizer	I-FAC
Plant	I-FAC
reform	O
and	O
expansion	O
project	O
.	O


Aiming	O
at	O
the	O
development	O
requirements	O
of	O
the	O
Gansu	B-GPE
tourism	O
industry	O
,	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Insurance	I-ORG
Co.	I-ORG
actively	O
promotes	O
travel	O
insurance	O
for	O
overseas	O
tourists	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
the	O
lead	O
at	O
home	O
in	O
providing	O
insurance	O
for	O
individual	O
overseas	O
tourists	O
,	O
which	O
made	O
sure	O
that	O
all	O
those	O
who	O
came	O
sightseeing	O
in	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
during	O
the	O
"	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
"	O
period	O
had	O
insurance	O
.	O


Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
also	O
actively	O
explored	O
high	O
risk	O
business	O
.	O


During	O
the	O
"	O
eighth	B-ORDINAL
five	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
plan	O
"	O
period	O
,	O
it	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
co-insurance	O
of	O
satellite	O
launching	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
shared	O
risk	O
amount	O
reaching	O
10	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
,	O
paying	O
5	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
in	O
indemnity	O
,	O
became	O
the	O
northwest	O
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
company	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
aerospace	O
industry	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
actively	O
expanded	O
its	O
insurance	O
business	O
in	O
the	O
overseas	O
market	O
,	O
providing	O
nearly	B-MONEY
30	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
comprehensive	O
insurance	O
for	O
construction	O
engineering	O
to	O
the	O
Zimbabwe	B-FAC
Highway	I-FAC
project	O
that	O
was	O
bid	O
on	O
by	O
an	O
international	O
company	O
in	O
the	O
province	O
;	O
providing	O
liability	O
insurance	O
of	O
13	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
for	O
the	O
overseas	O
department	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Lanzhou	I-ORG
Petrochemical	I-ORG
Machinery	I-ORG
Factory	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Singapore	I-ORG
Oil	I-ORG
Drilling	I-ORG
Platform	I-ORG
;	O
providing	O
related	O
forms	O
of	O
insurance	O
for	O
Gansu	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Overseas	B-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Negotiation	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
and	O
for	O
laborers	O
exported	O
overseas	O
;	O
and	O
also	O
providing	O
complementary	O
insurance	O
services	O
for	O
the	O
overseas	O
business	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Gansu	I-ORG
Province	I-ORG
Thermoelectric	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Ningbo	B-GPE
,	O
February	B-DATE
7th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporters	O
Hongwei	B-PERSON
Hu	I-PERSON
and	O
Jicheng	B-PERSON
Chai	I-PERSON


The	B-GPE
Ningbo	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
,	O
which	O
occupies	O
a	O
total	O
area	O
of	O
2.3	B-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
kilometers	I-QUANTITY
,	O
has	O
made	O
substantial	O
achievements	O
after	O
3	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
of	O
construction	O
.	O


The	B-GPE
Ningbo	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
13	B-CARDINAL
bonded	O
areas	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
was	O
established	O
after	O
approval	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
in	O
1992	B-DATE
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
the	O
various	O
functions	O
of	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
have	O
fundamentally	O
taken	O
shaped	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
development	O
level	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
all	O
the	O
bonded	O
areas	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
by	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Ningbo	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
added	O
up	O
to	O
812	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
alone	I-DATE
,	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
amounts	O
going	O
through	O
customs	O
of	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
reached	O
365	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
10	B-CARDINAL
bonded	O
warehouses	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
,	O
the	O
storage	O
area	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
more	B-QUANTITY
than	I-QUANTITY
80,000	I-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
alone	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
goods	O
stored	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
reached	O
2.627	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
RMB	I-MONEY
.	O


With	O
the	O
adjustment	O
of	O
related	O
special	O
policies	O
outside	O
the	O
bonded	O
areas	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
starting	O
in	O
April	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
's	O
stability	O
in	O
certificate	O
-	O
free	O
,	O
duty	O
-	O
free	O
and	O
bonded	O
policies	O
is	O
becoming	O
more	O
obvious	O
.	O


A	O
great	O
number	O
of	O
industrial	O
processing	O
projects	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
area	O
successively	O
from	O
inside	O
and	O
outside	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


By	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
December	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
of	O
enterprises	O
in	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
was	O
1,614	B-CARDINAL
,	O
of	O
which	O
260	B-CARDINAL
were	O
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
and	O
the	O
total	O
investment	O
reached	O
1.2	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
with	O
an	O
actual	O
utilized	O
foreign	O
investment	O
of	O
113	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


Additionally	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
domestic	O
enterprises	O
coupled	O
themselves	O
with	O
the	O
international	O
market	O
through	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
.	O


To	O
complement	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
with	O
operations	O
,	O
the	B-GPE
Ningbo	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
has	O
taken	O
the	O
lead	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
in	O
implementing	O
trial	O
one	O
-	O
stop	O
management	O
and	O
one	O
-	O
time	O
handling	O
of	O
direct	O
,	O
legal	O
enterprise	O
registration	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
bonded	O
zone	O
is	O
taking	O
a	O
firm	O
hold	O
in	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
a	O
network	O
system	O
for	O
the	O
information	O
highway	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
create	O
favorable	O
complementary	O
conditions	O
for	O
the	O
realization	O
of	O
modernized	O
management	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Shenyang	B-GPE
,	O
March	B-DATE
19	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O


Liaoning	B-GPE
,	O
a	O
large	O
industrial	O
province	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
beginning	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
comprehensively	O
increased	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
total	O
value	O
of	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
trade	O
reached	O
1.24	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
over	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
from	O
January	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
February	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
total	O
export	O
volume	O
of	O
Liaoning	B-GPE
achieved	O
1	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
4.7	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
over	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
including	O
780	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
local	O
product	O
export	O
which	O
was	O
mainly	O
finished	O
products	O
.	O


The	O
foreign	O
trade	O
export	O
proportion	O
of	O
Liaoning	B-GPE
's	O
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
capital	O
enterprises	O
has	O
started	O
to	O
increase	O
.	O


In	O
January	B-DATE
and	I-DATE
February	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
export	O
volume	O
of	O
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
capital	O
enterprises	O
for	O
the	O
whole	O
province	O
reached	O
260	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
which	O
was	O
twice	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
12	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
the	O
total	O
export	O
volume	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
province	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
Liaoning	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
possesses	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
100	I-CARDINAL
import	O
and	O
export	O
companies	O
varying	O
in	O
business	O
and	O
administration	O
at	O
the	O
province	O
,	O
city	O
,	O
and	O
county	O
level	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
200	I-CARDINAL
large	O
and	O
medium	O
-	O
sized	O
manufacturing	O
enterprises	O
with	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
authorization	O
and	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
1500	I-CARDINAL
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
doing	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
business	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
total	O
achieved	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
volume	O
was	O
10.99	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	I-GPE
DC	I-GPE
,	O
April	B-DATE
20	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O
-LRB-	O
reporter	O
Qian	B-PERSON
Ying	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


The	O
Chinese	B-NORP
branch	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Chamber	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
recently	O
dispatched	O
a	O
delegation	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
twenty	B-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
five	I-CARDINAL
people	O
launching	O
a	O
month	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
long	I-DATE
lobbying	O
campaign	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
directed	O
at	O
congress	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
House	I-ORG
,	O
asking	O
them	O
to	O
continue	O
to	O
extend	O
granting	O
China	B-GPE
most	O
-	O
favored	O
-	O
nation	O
trading	O
status	O
.	O


The	O
Chamber	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
delegates	O
participating	O
in	O
this	O
lobbying	O
campaign	O
come	O
from	O
many	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	O
large	O
American	B-NORP
companies	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Dow	B-ORG
Jones	I-ORG
,	O
AT&T	B-ORG
,	O
IBM	B-ORG
,	O
Boeing	B-ORG
,	O
McDonald	B-ORG
Douglas	I-ORG
,	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
,	O
Westinghouse	B-ORG
,	O
Ford	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
the	B-ORG
Xian	I-ORG
Ni	I-ORG
Lei	I-ORG
De	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
etc	O
.	O


They	O
split	O
into	O
five	B-CARDINAL
groups	O
and	O
altogether	O
visited	O
about	O
150	B-CARDINAL
members	O
of	O
congress	O
,	O
congressional	O
aides	O
,	O
and	O
government	O
officials	O
,	O
using	O
their	O
experience	O
of	O
investing	O
in	O
and	O
managing	O
enterprises	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
to	O
explain	O
the	O
necessity	O
of	O
extending	O
giving	O
China	B-GPE
most	O
-	O
favored	O
-	O
nation	O
trading	O
status	O
.	O


With	O
the	O
once	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
year	O
deliberations	O
by	O
the	O
American	B-NORP
administration	O
and	O
congress	O
concerning	O
the	O
question	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
-	O
favored	O
-	O
nation	O
trading	O
status	O
again	O
approaching	O
,	O
American	B-NORP
businesses	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
are	O
universally	O
concerned	O
that	O
the	O
disputes	O
among	O
America	B-GPE
's	O
political	O
parties	O
in	O
this	O
big	O
election	O
year	O
could	O
make	O
this	O
question	O
even	O
more	O
complicated	O
,	O
hence	O
the	O
organization	O
of	O
groups	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
a	O
lobbying	O
campaign	O
directed	O
at	O
them	O
that	O
is	O
organized	O
and	O
is	O
planned	O
.	O


Zhen	B-PERSON
Wang	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
businessman	O
of	O
Chinese	B-NORP
descent	O
who	O
is	O
representing	O
the	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
chapter	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Chamber	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Xian	I-ORG
Ni	I-ORG
Lei	I-ORG
De	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
and	O
is	O
participating	O
in	O
the	O
lobbying	O
team	O
,	O
said	O
to	O
this	O
reporter	O
that	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
action	O
to	O
this	O
lobbying	O
effort	O
,	O
he	O
prepared	O
to	O
mobilize	O
tens	B-CARDINAL
of	I-CARDINAL
thousands	I-CARDINAL
of	O
distributors	O
who	O
belong	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
write	O
to	O
their	O
local	O
congressional	O
representatives	O
to	O
support	O
extending	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
-	O
favored	O
-	O
nation	O
trading	O
status	O
.	O


The	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
branch	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
Chamber	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
attorney	O
Yonghua	B-PERSON
Kang	I-PERSON
,	O
said	O
the	O
Clinton	B-PERSON
administration	O
had	O
already	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
it	O
wanted	O
to	O
extend	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
most	O
-	O
favored	O
-	O
nation	O
trading	O
status	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
focus	O
of	O
this	O
round	O
of	O
lobbying	O
was	O
those	O
members	O
of	O
congress	O
who	O
are	O
more	O
conservative	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Changchun	B-GPE
,	O
December	B-DATE
16th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Changqing	B-PERSON
Zhou	I-PERSON


This	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
held	O
a	B-EVENT
Tumen	I-EVENT
River	I-EVENT
Area	I-EVENT
International	I-EVENT
Tourism	I-EVENT
Conference	I-EVENT
in	O
Jilin	B-GPE
,	I-GPE
China	I-GPE
,	O
actively	O
supporting	O
projects	O
such	O
as	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Changbai	B-LOC
Mountain	I-LOC
's	O
ice	O
and	O
snow	O
winter	O
tourism	O
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
while	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
still	O
providing	O
funds	O
for	O
training	O
international	O
economic	O
and	O
trade	O
talent	O
here	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
recently	O
implemented	O
a	O
thorough	O
investigation	O
into	O
the	O
current	O
state	O
of	O
industrial	O
projects	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Tumen	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
,	O
and	O
made	O
some	O
suggestions	O
about	O
future	O
industrial	O
development	O
projects	O
in	O
this	O
area	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
invited	O
some	O
experts	O
to	O
implement	O
an	O
appraisal	O
of	O
the	O
industrial	O
projects	O
put	O
forward	O
by	O
related	O
countries	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
after	O
the	O
appraisal	O
,	O
entered	O
these	O
projects	O
into	O
the	B-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
network	O
to	O
attract	O
international	O
business	O
.	O


International	O
societies	O
represented	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
have	O
always	O
given	O
active	O
support	O
and	O
effective	O
promotion	O
to	O
the	B-LOC
Tumen	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
's	I-LOC
international	O
cooperation	O
and	O
development	O
program	O
.	O


The	O
Tumen	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
development	O
program	O
,	O
aiming	O
at	O
building	O
up	O
the	B-LOC
Tumen	I-LOC
Delta	I-LOC
,	O
where	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
meet	O
,	O
into	O
a	O
cosmopolitan	O
hub	O
for	O
the	O
circulation	O
of	O
material	O
and	O
a	O
center	O
for	O
economy	O
and	O
trade	O
,	O
was	O
initially	O
proposed	O
by	O
Chinese	B-NORP
experts	O
such	O
as	O
Shishen	B-PERSON
Ding	I-PERSON
,	O
etc	O
.	O


In	O
1991	B-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
decided	O
to	O
support	O
it	O
and	O
announced	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


Since	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1995	I-DATE
,	O
when	O
the	O
program	O
changed	O
from	O
the	O
appraisal	O
phase	O
into	O
the	O
implementation	O
phase	O
,	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
:	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
,	O
have	O
all	O
implemented	O
some	O
infrastructure	O
construction	O
and	O
activities	O
for	O
attracting	O
business	O
and	O
investment	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
initially	O
started	O
bilateral	O
and	O
multilateral	O
cooperation	O
.	O


Concerned	O
countries	O
and	O
the	O
international	O
societies	O
have	O
also	O
given	O
support	O
to	O
this	O
program	O
.	O


For	O
several	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
has	O
,	O
as	O
always	O
,	O
supported	O
the	O
Tumen	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
development	O
,	O
and	O
actively	O
helped	O
the	O
three	O
countries	O
:	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
Russia	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
,	O
to	O
attract	O
world	O
business	O
and	O
to	O
help	O
implement	O
feasibility	O
studies	O
for	O
development	O
projects	O
.	O


In	O
1995	B-DATE
and	I-DATE
1996	I-DATE
,	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
,	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
North	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
successively	O
held	O
the	O
"	O
Tumen	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
investment	O
and	O
trade	O
negotiation	O
conference	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
made	O
relatively	O
good	O
achievements	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
,	O
the	B-EVENT
Russian	I-EVENT
Tumen	I-EVENT
River	I-EVENT
Region	I-EVENT
Negotiation	I-EVENT
Conference	I-EVENT
will	O
also	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
Vladivostok	B-GPE
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Industrial	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
has	O
also	O
entrusted	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Northeast	B-ORG
Teacher	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
University	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
has	O
considerably	O
researched	O
the	O
regional	O
economy	O
,	O
to	O
implement	O
the	O
preliminary	O
investigation	O
and	O
research	O
for	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
circulation	O
of	O
materials	O
via	O
the	O
sea	O
,	O
land	O
and	O
air	O
transportation	O
system	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Northeast	I-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
in	O
the	B-ORG
next	I-ORG
twenty	I-ORG
years	I-ORG
.	O


The	B-ORG
Tumen	I-ORG
River	I-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Program	I-ORG
has	O
also	O
received	O
strong	O
support	O
from	O
governments	O
and	O
enterprises	O
of	O
many	O
countries	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
the	O
Finnish	B-NORP
government	O
has	O
allocated	O
1	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
as	O
a	O
subsidy	O
for	O
the	O
preliminary	O
work	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Tumen	I-GPE
River	I-GPE
Development	I-GPE
;	O
Sweden	B-GPE
has	O
put	O
forth	O
funding	O
to	O
do	O
feasibility	O
studies	O
on	O
the	O
linking	O
of	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
Mongolian	B-NORP
railways	O
and	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
Northeast	B-NORP
Asian	I-NORP
continental	O
bridge	O
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Japanese	I-ORG
Import	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Export	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
has	O
signed	O
a	O
contract	O
with	O
Russia	B-GPE
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
Russia	B-GPE
's	O
Zalubinau	B-GPE
port	O
expansion	O
project	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
invitation	O
of	O
concerned	O
Chinese	B-NORP
departments	O
,	O
Japan	B-GPE
has	O
also	O
made	O
investigations	O
into	O
the	O
comprehensive	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
regions	O
along	O
the	O
railway	O
from	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Changchun	B-GPE
to	O
Huichun	B-GPE
.	O


Shuoren	B-PERSON
Jin	I-PERSON
,	O
mayor	O
of	O
Huichun	B-GPE
in	O
Jilin	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
International	O
societies	O
'	O
support	O
and	O
participation	O
play	O
an	O
active	O
and	O
key	O
role	O
in	O
Huichun	B-GPE
's	O
development	O
and	O
opening	O
up	O
.	O


The	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
few	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
has	O
been	O
the	O
period	O
when	O
Huichun	B-GPE
's	O
overall	O
strength	O
has	O
been	O
enhanced	O
most	O
remarkably	O
,	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
urban	O
and	O
rural	O
areas	O
has	O
changed	O
most	O
noticeably	O
and	O
the	O
most	O
real	O
benefits	O
have	O
been	O
gained	O
by	O
people	O
.	O
"	O


According	O
to	O
investigations	O
,	O
South	B-NORP
Korean	I-NORP
enterprise	O
circles	O
have	O
invested	O
nearly	O
100	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
Huichun	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
have	O
become	O
an	O
important	O
pillar	O
of	O
the	O
local	O
economy	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Tumen	I-LOC
River	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
,	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
donated	O
one	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
to	O
establish	O
the	O
Tumen	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
development	O
fund	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
100,000	B-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
has	O
been	O
taken	O
from	O
the	O
fund	O
to	O
make	O
an	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
environment	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Huichun	B-GPE
's	O
frontier	O
cooperative	O
area	O
in	O
the	O
expectation	O
of	O
providing	O
consultation	O
on	O
the	O
environmental	O
aspect	O
for	O
the	O
entry	O
of	O
large	O
quantities	O
of	O
foreign	O
capital	O
into	O
this	O
area	O
.	O


Zhezhu	B-PERSON
Quan	I-PERSON
,	O
vice	O
governor	O
of	O
Jilin	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
who	O
is	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
economy	O
and	O
trade	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
International	O
societies	O
are	O
welcome	O
to	O
join	O
us	O
for	O
joint	O
promotion	O
of	O
the	O
Tumen	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
development	O
undertaking	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
regional	O
economy	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
benefit	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Northeast	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
.	O
"	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
,	O
Dec.	B-DATE
20th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Yu	B-PERSON
Wu	I-PERSON


From	O
January	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
November	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
total	O
foreign	O
trade	O
export	O
volume	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
reached	O
22.02	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
73	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
1993	B-DATE
.	O


This	O
reporter	O
learned	O
from	O
the	O
municipal	O
foreign	O
economy	O
and	O
trade	O
committee	O
that	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
5	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
through	O
foreign	O
trade	O
system	O
reform	O
and	O
implementing	O
a	O
"	O
big	O
foreign	O
trade	O
"	O
strategy	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
total	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
volume	O
is	O
steadily	O
increasing	O
at	O
about	B-PERCENT
14	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
per	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
foreign	O
trade	O
has	O
entered	O
its	O
fastest	O
period	O
of	O
development	O
in	O
history	O
.	O


Shanghai	B-GPE
estimates	O
that	O
this	O
year	B-DATE
's	O
value	O
of	O
exports	O
could	O
exceed	O
14.5	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
among	O
which	O
finished	O
industrial	O
products	O
account	O
for	O
93.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
having	O
increased	O
4.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
over	O
1993	B-DATE
.	O


Mechanical	O
and	O
electronic	O
products	O
account	O
for	O
31.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
total	O
export	O
value	O
,	O
up	O
from	O
17.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
5	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
has	O
established	O
trade	O
contacts	O
with	O
205	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
and	O
regions	O
,	O
and	O
Southeast	B-LOC
Asia	I-LOC
,	O
Oceania	B-LOC
,	O
Latin	B-LOC
America	I-LOC
,	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
and	O
South	B-GPE
Africa	I-GPE
have	O
become	O
new	O
markets	O
opened	O
up	O
by	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
.	O


According	O
to	O
Xiaoming	B-PERSON
Zhu	I-PERSON
,	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
has	O
sped	O
up	O
implementing	O
a	O
business	O
strategy	O
of	O
diversity	O
in	O
foreign	O
trade	O
enterprises	O
to	O
meet	O
the	O
requirements	O
of	O
national	O
policy	O
.	O


This	O
gradually	O
changes	O
the	O
entire	O
city	O
's	O
725	B-CARDINAL
foreign	O
trade	O
enterprises	O
of	O
various	O
kinds	O
into	O
market	O
economic	O
principles	O
that	O
autonomously	O
manage	O
business	O
and	O
are	O
responsible	O
for	O
their	O
own	O
profits	O
and	O
losses	O
.	O


By	O
such	O
economic	O
means	O
as	O
merging	O
,	O
holding	O
stocks	O
,	O
sharing	O
stocks	O
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
foreign	O
trade	O
group	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
Oriental	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
,	O
Lansheng	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
those	O
in	O
foreign	O
economy	O
,	O
light	O
industry	O
,	O
machinery	O
and	O
livestock	O
production	O
,	O
etc.	O
have	O
been	O
successively	O
organized	O
,	O
raising	O
the	O
scale	O
of	O
operations	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
has	O
formed	O
6	B-CARDINAL
export	O
forces	O
:	O
foreign	O
trade	O
,	O
industrial	O
trade	O
,	O
self	O
-	O
management	O
enterprises	O
,	O
enterprises	O
subordinate	O
to	O
central	O
government	O
departments	O
and	O
enterprises	O
in	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
invested	O
by	O
other	O
provinces	O
and	O
cities	O
,	O
and	O
foreign	O
investment	O
enterprises	O
.	O


Besides	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
maintains	O
the	O
trinity	O
of	O
harmonious	O
development	O
:	O
the	O
goods	O
trade	O
,	O
technology	O
trade	O
and	O
services	O
trade	O
,	O
while	O
implementing	O
the	O
"	O
Dragon	O
's	O
head	O
program	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
optimizing	O
its	O
export	O
goods	O
structure	O
.	O


It	O
takes	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
policy	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
Pudong	B-GPE
region	O
to	O
breed	O
new	O
growth	O
of	O
foreign	O
trade	O
export	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
estimates	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
technology	O
export	O
transaction	O
value	O
could	O
reach	O
650	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
which	O
is	O
3.53	B-CARDINAL
times	O
that	O
of	O
1993	B-DATE
.	O


The	O
technology	O
trade	O
and	O
the	O
service	O
trade	O
account	O
for	O
about	B-PERCENT
14	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
total	O
exports	O
.	O


80	B-CARDINAL
types	O
of	O
"	O
Dragon	O
's	O
head	O
merchandise	O
"	O
such	O
as	O
clothing	O
,	O
textile	O
products	O
,	O
vessels	O
,	O
steel	O
,	O
electronic	O
computers	O
,	O
household	O
electrical	O
appliances	O
,	O
containers	O
,	O
etc.	O
have	O
developed	O
quickly	O
and	O
account	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
city	O
's	O
export	O
volume	O
.	O


From	O
January	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
November	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
new	O
Pudong	B-GPE
region	O
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
export	O
volume	O
was	O
2.8	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
1/5	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
entire	O
city	O
's	O
export	O
volume	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
reported	O
that	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
5	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
,	O
through	O
such	O
methods	O
as	O
actively	O
purchasing	O
export	O
goods	O
from	O
other	O
provinces	O
and	O
cities	O
and	O
by	O
holding	O
activities	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-EVENT
East	I-EVENT
China	I-EVENT
Export	I-EVENT
Goods	I-EVENT
Trade	I-EVENT
Fair	I-EVENT
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
has	O
strengthened	O
its	O
influence	O
as	O
a	O
port	O
city	O
on	O
the	O
entire	O
country	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
develops	O
multinational	O
operations	O
and	O
vigorously	O
opens	O
up	O
diversified	O
markets	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
the	O
latest	O
statistics	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
has	O
founded	O
218	B-CARDINAL
trade	O
-	O
oriented	O
companies	O
and	O
organizations	O
abroad	O
,	O
organized	O
6	B-CARDINAL
regional	O
overseas	O
group	O
companies	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
approved	O
overseas	O
non-trade	O
enterprises	O
reaching	O
260	B-CARDINAL
with	O
a	O
total	O
investment	O
of	O
200	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


The	O
business	O
of	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
in	O
foreign	O
engineering	O
contracts	O
is	O
also	O
developing	O
quickly	O
.	O


This	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
586	B-CARDINAL
new	O
foreign	O
engineering	O
contracting	O
and	O
labor	O
contracts	O
have	O
been	O
signed	O
with	O
contracted	O
funds	O
of	O
265	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Guiyang	B-GPE
,	O
December	O
22nd	O
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Fang	B-PERSON
Fang	I-PERSON


Guizhou	B-GPE
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
Distillery	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
is	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
abroad	O
,	O
plans	O
to	O
implement	O
a	O
technology	O
renovation	O
project	O
with	O
an	O
investment	O
surpassing	O
400	O
million	O
RMB	O
to	O
further	O
increase	O
the	O
output	O
of	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
next	O
three	O
years	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
solve	O
the	O
enormous	O
need	O
for	O
capital	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
is	O
now	O
striving	O
to	O
issue	O
stock	O
and	O
to	O
attempt	O
more	O
financing	O
channels	O
.	O


The	O
information	O
was	O
revealed	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
ago	O
by	O
Keliang	B-PERSON
Ji	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
board	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Guizhou	I-ORG
Mao	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
Distillery	I-ORG
-LRB-	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
-RRB-	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
.	O


Keliang	B-PERSON
Ji	I-PERSON
said	O
this	O
expansion	O
project	O
would	O
increase	O
the	O
annual	O
output	O
capacity	O
of	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
by	O
2,000	O
tons	O
,	O
reaching	O
an	O
output	O
of	O
6,000	O
tons	O
per	O
year	O
by	O
2000	O
.	O


Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
is	O
praised	O
as	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
"	O
national	O
alcoholic	O
drink	O
"	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
very	O
long	O
history	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
called	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
three	O
famous	O
distilled	O
spirits	O
,	O
the	O
other	O
two	O
being	O
French	B-NORP
Cognac	O
and	O
the	O
UK	B-GPE
's	O
Scotch	B-NORP
whiskey	O
.	O


Because	O
the	O
art	O
of	O
manufacturing	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
is	O
complicated	O
and	O
its	O
production	O
cycle	O
is	O
long	O
,	O
the	O
output	O
of	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
is	O
extremely	O
limited	O
.	O


The	O
annual	O
output	O
only	O
reached	O
1,200	O
tons	O
in	O
1987	O
.	O


In	O
recent	O
years	O
,	O
under	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
Ministry	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Light	I-ORG
Industry	I-ORG
Headquarters	I-ORG
,	O
the	B-ORG
Mao	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
Distillery	I-ORG
invested	O
530	O
million	O
yuan	O
RMB	O
to	O
successively	O
implement	O
a	O
two	O
-	O
phase	O
expansion	O
and	O
technology	O
renovation	O
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
an	O
annual	O
production	O
capacity	O
of	O
4,000	O
tons	O
.	O


In	O
1997	O
,	O
this	O
plant	O
made	O
over	O
4,400	O
tons	O
of	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
;	O
with	O
sales	O
income	O
exceeding	O
500	O
million	O
yuan	O
RMB	O
,	O
and	O
profit	O
and	O
taxes	O
reaching	O
370	O
million	O
RMB	O
,	O
both	O
being	O
the	O
best	O
levels	O
in	O
history	O
.	O


Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
is	O
made	O
in	O
the	O
Chishui	B-LOC
river	I-LOC
valley	I-LOC
area	O
in	O
the	O
northern	O
part	O
of	O
Guizhou	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
in	O
southwest	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
is	O
known	O
for	O
its	O
extremely	O
special	O
fermentation	O
technique	O
.	O


The	O
water	O
used	O
comes	O
from	O
the	B-LOC
Chishui	I-LOC
river	I-LOC
that	O
flows	O
over	O
cinnabar	O
quality	O
soil	O
and	O
selectively	O
uses	O
such	O
locally	O
produced	O
raw	O
materials	O
as	O
sorghum	O
,	O
high	O
quality	O
wheat	O
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
is	O
fermented	O
during	O
the	O
period	O
from	O
the	O
Chinese	O
Dragon	O
Boat	O
Festival	O
to	O
the	O
Double	O
Ninth	O
Festival	O
.	O


After	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
10	O
months	O
fermentation	O
,	O
which	O
requires	O
adding	O
material	O
twice	O
,	O
distilling	O
7	O
times	O
,	O
fermenting	O
8	O
times	O
,	O
and	O
braising	O
and	O
boiling	O
9	O
times	O
,	O
the	O
spirit	O
is	O
then	O
put	O
into	O
specially	O
made	O
earthen	O
jars	O
,	O
sealed	O
and	O
stored	O
for	O
over	O
three	O
years	O
.	O


Finally	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
finished	O
by	O
veteran	O
brewers	O
carefully	O
mixing	O
additives	O
.	O


What	O
makes	O
Mao	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
tai	I-ORG
even	O
more	O
famous	O
is	O
that	O
first	O
generation	O
leaders	O
of	O
new	O
China	B-GPE
had	O
used	O
it	O
to	O
entertain	O
distinguished	O
guests	O
such	O
as	O
former	O
president	O
Nixon	B-PERSON
of	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
Tanaka	B-PERSON
Kakuei	I-PERSON
,	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
of	O
Japan	B-GPE
,	O
etc	O
.	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
December	B-DATE
26th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Xidong	B-PERSON
Wang	I-PERSON


China	B-GPE
plans	O
to	O
formulate	O
many	O
new	O
preferential	O
policies	O
to	O
ensure	O
positively	O
,	O
reasonably	O
and	O
effectively	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
investment	O
and	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
pattern	O
of	O
opening	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
outside	O
world	O
.	O


A	O
relevant	O
department	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Planning	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
presented	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
expand	O
channels	O
of	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
actively	O
experiment	O
with	O
and	O
gradually	O
develop	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
ways	O
such	O
as	O
BOT	O
,	O
project	O
financing	O
and	O
issuing	O
stocks	O
overseas	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
expand	O
co-operation	O
with	O
developed	O
countries	O
and	O
the	O
widely	O
developing	O
countries	O
,	O
expand	O
fields	O
for	O
opening	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
outside	O
world	O
,	O
and	O
continue	O
experiments	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
investment	O
in	O
the	O
insurance	O
industry	O
and	O
retail	O
commerce	O
industry	O
.	O


In	O
industries	O
such	O
as	O
mining	O
resources	O
development	O
and	O
retail	O
,	O
etc.	O
new	O
policies	O
for	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
investment	O
will	O
be	O
promoted	O
.	O


Data	O
provided	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Taxation	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
show	O
that	O
,	O
starting	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
foreign	O
business	O
investment	O
BOT	O
projects	O
will	O
continue	O
to	O
enjoy	O
preferential	O
taxation	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
scope	O
of	O
their	O
preferential	O
policies	O
will	O
include	O
investment	O
enterprises	O
and	O
individual	O
investors	O
engaged	O
in	O
BOT	O
projects	O
.	O


A	O
relevant	O
State	B-ORG
Council	I-ORG
Special	I-ORG
Zone	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
director	O
expressed	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
encourage	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
investment	O
in	O
the	O
mid	O
and	O
western	O
areas	O
,	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
mid	O
and	O
western	O
areas	O
,	O
to	O
initiate	O
projects	O
in	O
which	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
industrial	O
policy	O
restricts	O
foreign	O
business	O
investment	O
but	O
which	O
can	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
manpower	O
resources	O
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
encourage	O
Sino	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
foreign	I-NORP
joint	O
investments	O
to	O
construct	O
and	O
operate	O
public	O
docks	O
and	O
berths	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
allow	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
investing	O
exclusively	O
to	O
construct	O
cargo	O
owners	O
'	O
wharves	O
and	O
their	O
specialized	O
waterways	O
.	O


With	O
approval	O
,	O
foreign	O
companies	O
can	O
establish	O
Sino	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
foreign	I-NORP
joint	O
venture	O
shipping	O
companies	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
foreign	O
shipping	O
companies	O
investing	O
exclusively	O
can	O
establish	O
shipping	O
service	O
companies	O
by	O
following	O
shipping	O
agreements	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
governments	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
now	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
has	O
totally	O
approved	O
over	B-CARDINAL
300,000	I-CARDINAL
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
actually	O
utilized	O
foreign	O
investment	O
of	O
about	B-MONEY
200	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


The	O
utilized	O
foreign	O
investment	O
has	O
accounted	O
for	O
over	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
fixed	O
assets	O
investment	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
society	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
analysis	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
promotion	O
of	O
enterprise	O
reforms	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
demand	O
for	O
foreign	O
investment	O
will	O
grow	O
accordingly	O
,	O
and	O
industries	O
invested	O
in	O
by	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
will	O
also	O
expand	O
daily	O
.	O


New	O
policies	O
being	O
successively	O
issued	O
show	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
actively	O
lead	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
foreign	O
investment	O
to	O
reach	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
reasonably	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
investment	O
.	O


For	O
a	O
future	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
encourage	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
new	O
agricultural	O
technology	O
,	O
comprehensive	O
development	O
of	O
land	O
resources	O
,	O
and	O
such	O
basic	O
industries	O
and	O
pillar	O
industries	O
as	O
water	O
conservation	O
,	O
energy	O
,	O
transportation	O
,	O
important	O
raw	O
materials	O
,	O
machinery	O
and	O
electronics	O
,	O
mining	O
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
will	O
encourage	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
to	O
employ	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
technical	O
transformation	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
enterprises	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Xi'an	B-GPE
,	O
December	B-DATE
30th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Lianye	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON


At	O
next	B-DATE
Spring	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
"	O
'98	B-DATE
negotiation	B-EVENT
conference	I-EVENT
on	I-EVENT
cooperation	I-EVENT
between	I-EVENT
east	I-EVENT
and	I-EVENT
west	I-EVENT
China	I-EVENT
and	I-EVENT
investment	I-EVENT
and	I-EVENT
trade	I-EVENT
"	O
,	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
will	O
promote	O
public	O
auctioning	O
of	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
small	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
to	O
domestic	O
and	O
overseas	O
traveling	O
merchants	O
.	O


This	O
province	O
has	O
currently	O
drafted	O
preferential	O
policies	O
to	O
encourage	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
,	O
collective	O
enterprises	O
,	O
privately	O
-	O
operated	O
enterprises	O
,	O
individually	O
-	O
owned	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
enterprises	O
,	O
foreign	O
funded	O
enterprises	O
and	O
average	O
people	O
from	O
inside	O
and	O
outside	O
the	O
province	O
using	O
various	O
methods	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
's	O
small	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprise	O
reforms	O
.	O


It	O
encourages	O
small	O
State	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
to	O
cross	O
industries	O
,	O
to	O
cross	O
regions	O
and	O
to	O
cross	O
ownership	O
systems	O
to	O
look	O
for	O
co-operation	O
partners	O
and	O
to	O
proactively	O
"	O
become	O
related	O
by	O
marriage	O
"	O
with	O
dominant	O
enterprises	O
and	O
to	O
mutually	O
merge	O
.	O


Small	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
of	O
Shaanxi	B-GPE
account	O
for	O
over	B-PERCENT
ninety	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
of	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
,	O
with	O
fixed	O
assets	O
accounting	O
for	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
thirty	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
,	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
employees	O
accounting	O
for	O
over	O
fifty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
.	O


Shaanxi	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
states	O
that	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
it	O
will	O
basically	O
give	O
more	O
freedom	O
to	O
provincial	O
small	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
to	O
do	O
business	O
.	O


Recently	O
issued	O
preferential	O
policies	O
include	O
:	O
appropriate	O
preferences	O
should	O
be	O
granted	O
to	O
enterprises	O
with	O
net	O
assets	O
and	O
relatively	O
good	O
operations	O
,	O
where	O
enterprise	O
assets	O
are	O
sold	O
to	O
lawyers	O
and	O
average	O
people	O
;	O
for	O
those	O
implementing	O
auctions	O
,	O
related	O
taxes	O
can	O
be	O
reduced	O
or	O
eliminated	O
;	O
for	O
those	O
implementing	O
shares	O
cooperation	O
system	O
reforms	O
,	O
the	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
net	O
assets	O
should	O
be	O
first	B-ORDINAL
sold	O
to	O
employees	O
of	O
these	O
enterprises	O
.	O


Income	O
from	O
transferring	O
enterprise	O
property	O
rights	O
should	O
not	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
settling	O
employees	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
should	O
be	O
collected	O
for	O
re-investment	O
.	O


Through	O
evaluation	O
,	O
enterprises	O
whose	O
assets	O
and	O
debt	O
are	O
quite	O
balanced	O
will	O
implement	O
a	O
"	O
zero	B-CARDINAL
assets	O
"	O
sale	O
and	O
debt	O
will	O
go	O
with	O
the	O
assets	O
.	O


If	O
sold	O
to	O
employees	O
,	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
these	O
enterprise	O
's	O
ownership	O
system	O
and	O
employee	O
status	O
will	O
be	O
changed	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O


If	O
sold	O
to	O
a	O
legal	O
person	O
or	O
an	O
ordinary	O
person	O
who	O
accepts	O
settling	O
employees	O
,	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
buying	O
seniority	O
of	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
employees	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
resolved	O
by	O
adopting	O
the	O
method	O
of	O
reducing	O
or	O
eliminating	O
local	O
taxes	O
.	O


If	O
not	O
settling	O
employees	O
,	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
buying	O
seniority	O
will	O
be	O
paid	O
from	O
the	O
sale	O
income	O
of	O
the	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
net	O
assets	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
financial	O
affiliation	O
relationship	O
.	O


For	O
enterprises	O
whose	O
assets	O
do	O
not	O
offset	O
debt	O
and	O
that	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
verge	O
of	O
bankruptcy	O
,	O
measures	O
can	O
be	O
adopted	O
for	O
reorganization	O
such	O
as	O
reorganizing	O
enterprise	O
management	O
levels	O
,	O
changing	O
methods	O
of	O
enterprise	O
assets	O
operation	O
,	O
and	O
guiding	O
the	O
enterprise	O
organization	O
of	O
structural	O
adjustment	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


For	O
enterprises	O
with	O
no	O
hope	O
of	O
revival	O
,	O
bankruptcy	O
must	O
resolutely	O
be	O
implemented	O
according	O
to	O
law	O
.	O


At	O
bankruptcy	O
,	O
income	O
from	O
liquidating	O
assets	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
first	O
to	O
settle	O
employees	O
and	O
insufficiencies	O
should	O
be	O
made	O
up	O
for	O
from	O
the	O
sale	O
of	O
real	O
estate	O
.	O


Stock	O
cooperatives	O
are	O
an	O
important	O
form	O
of	O
opening	O
up	O
small	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
.	O


Enterprises	O
whose	O
system	O
is	O
changed	O
in	O
this	O
form	O
can	O
enjoy	O
preferential	O
policies	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
income	O
taxes	O
being	O
returned	O
when	O
they	O
exceed	O
the	O
base	O
,	O
temporarily	O
not	O
levying	O
business	O
tax	O
on	O
fixed	O
assets	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


For	O
those	O
implementing	O
mergers	O
,	O
the	O
merging	O
party	O
can	O
enjoy	O
policy	O
-	O
type	O
loss	O
subsidies	O
of	O
the	O
merged	O
enterprise	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
enterprise	O
accumulation	O
fund	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
compensate	O
for	O
loss	O
,	O
and	O
insufficiencies	O
can	O
be	O
listed	O
as	O
pre-tax	O
expenditures	O
.	O


Non-bank	O
debt	O
of	O
reformed	O
enterprises	O
can	O
be	O
transferred	O
from	O
creditor	O
rights	O
to	O
stock	O
ownership	O
;	O
those	O
having	O
difficulty	O
paying	O
taxes	O
,	O
can	O
implement	O
"	O
temporarily	O
postponing	O
old	O
debt	O
but	O
not	O
owing	O
on	O
new	O
taxes	O
,	O
and	O
suspending	O
taxes	O
and	O
waiving	O
fines	O
,	O
and	O
paying	O
off	O
year	O
by	O
year	O
"	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Tianjin	B-GPE
,	O
January	B-DATE
10	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O
-LRB-	O
reporter	O
Xuejie	B-PERSON
Man	I-PERSON
and	O
correspondent	O
Hong	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


This	O
reporter	O
learned	O
from	O
the	B-GPE
Tianjin	I-GPE
Port	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
that	O
in	O
1997	B-DATE
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
comprehensively	O
surpassed	O
quotas	O
on	O
various	O
economic	O
indicators	O
with	O
an	O
average	O
growth	O
rate	O
reaching	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
70	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
ranking	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
among	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
bonded	O
areas	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-GPE
Tianjin	I-GPE
Port	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
completed	O
a	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
850	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
investment	O
agreements	O
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
72	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
over	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
with	O
total	O
foreign	O
investment	O
agreements	O
of	O
700	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
75	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
over	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


It	O
achieved	O
a	O
total	O
volume	O
of	O
4	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
goods	O
going	O
into	O
and	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
area	O
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
83	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
over	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
with	O
a	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
1	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
from	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
.	O


All	O
these	O
were	O
the	O
highest	O
levels	O
in	O
history	O
.	O


Since	O
being	O
put	O
into	O
operation	O
five	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-GPE
Tianjin	I-GPE
Port	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
has	O
completed	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
first	B-ORDINAL
goods	O
distribution	O
center	O
,	O
functions	O
like	O
a	O
customs	O
port	O
,	O
opened	O
up	O
the	O
special	O
use	O
the	O
railway	O
line	O
from	O
the	B-GPE
Tianjin	I-GPE
Port	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
passing	O
Xi'an	B-GPE
and	O
Lanzhou	B-GPE
to	O
arrive	O
at	O
Xinjiang	B-GPE
's	O
Allah	B-LOC
Mountain	I-LOC
pass	O
customs	O
port	O
,	O
established	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
large	O
-	O
scale	O
materials	O
circulation	O
distribution	O
and	O
supply	O
centers	O
integrating	O
storage	O
,	O
transportation	O
and	O
sales	O
,	O
opened	O
multiple	O
railway	O
and	O
international	O
container	O
joint	O
-	O
operations	O
with	O
a	O
monthly	O
loading	O
and	O
unloading	O
capacity	O
reaching	O
6,000	B-CARDINAL
standard	O
containers	O
.	O


It	O
has	O
built	O
up	O
an	O
installation	O
capacity	O
of	O
7,000	B-CARDINAL
sets	O
of	O
program	O
-	O
controlled	O
telephones	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
power	O
supply	O
capacity	O
of	O
25,000	B-QUANTITY
kilovolts	I-QUANTITY
,	O
and	O
a	O
daily	O
water	O
supply	O
capacity	O
of	O
10,000	B-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
.	O


Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
has	O
implemented	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
preferential	O
policies	O
towards	O
enterprises	O
entering	O
the	O
area	O
:	O
it	O
has	O
established	O
a	O
system	O
of	O
"	O
no	O
custom	O
accounting	O
"	O
and	O
established	O
manuals	O
and	O
management	O
;	O
for	O
enterprises	O
engaged	O
in	O
international	O
trade	O
and	O
storage	O
processing	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
,	O
the	O
equipment	O
and	O
materials	O
needed	O
are	O
duty	O
free	O
,	O
and	O
domestic	O
trade	O
continuing	O
to	O
sell	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
bonded	O
area	O
is	O
regarded	O
as	O
export	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
customs	O
provides	O
tax	O
refunds	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


With	O
the	O
daily	O
improvement	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
Tianjin	I-GPE
Port	I-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
investment	O
environment	O
,	O
foreign	O
businessmen	O
coming	O
to	O
invest	O
are	O
increasing	O
daily	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
there	O
were	O
thirteen	B-CARDINAL
large	O
projects	O
of	O
over	O
20	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
alone	O
.	O


CALTEX	B-ORG
and	O
Caterpillar	B-ORG
from	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
Japan	B-GPE
's	O
Itochu	B-ORG
,	O
South	B-GPE
Korea	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Daewoo	B-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
World	I-ORG
Consortium	I-ORG
from	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
had	O
been	O
successively	O
entering	O
the	O
zone	O
to	O
invest	O
and	O
open	O
business	O
.	O


While	O
foreign	O
investments	O
were	O
flocking	O
in	O
large	O
numbers	O
,	O
twenty	B-CARDINAL
large	O
and	O
medium	O
-	O
sized	O
state	O
-	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
also	O
entered	O
and	O
settled	O
themselves	O
in	O
the	O
zone	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
investing	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
nearly	O
200	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
five	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
Tianjin	B-GPE
Bonded	I-GPE
Area	I-GPE
has	O
attracted	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
over	O
3000	B-CARDINAL
enterprises	O
from	O
73	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
and	O
regions	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
world	O
and	O
25	B-CARDINAL
domestic	O
provinces	O
,	O
cities	O
and	O
municipalities	O
to	O
invest	O
,	O
reaching	O
a	O
total	O
agreed	O
investment	O
value	O
of	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
and	O
a	O
total	O
agreed	O
foreign	O
investment	O
reaching	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


According	O
to	O
presentations	O
,	O
the	O
principal	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
industrial	O
production	O
of	O
1997	B-DATE
are	O
:	O


--	O
Production	O
increased	O
steadily	O
.	O


The	O
growth	O
rate	O
was	O
somewhat	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
nation	O
's	O
county	O
and	O
above	O
county	O
industries	O
accomplished	O
an	O
annual	O
industrial	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
2.0476	B-MONEY
trillion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
calculated	O
by	O
comparable	O
prices	O
,	O
10.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
somewhat	O
dropping	O
in	O
growth	O
rate	O
.	O


There	O
were	O
some	O
fluctuations	O
in	O
growth	O
rates	O
of	O
every	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
whole	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
but	O
the	O
difference	O
was	O
not	O
significant	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
regarded	O
as	O
a	O
steady	O
operation	O
.	O


The	O
growth	O
rate	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
owned	O
industries	O
was	O
basically	O
stable	O
.	O


Collective	O
industries	O
dropped	O
substantially	O
.	O


The	O
annual	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
State	B-ORG
owned	O
and	O
State	B-ORG
owned	O
holding	O
enterprises	O
was	O
1.1726	B-MONEY
trillion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
7.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
;	O
the	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
collective	O
industries	O
was	O
613.2	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
.	O


Growing	O
11.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
but	O
growth	O
rate	O
declined	O
6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
from	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
;	O
the	O
industrial	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
other	O
economic	O
types	O
was	O
445	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
,	O
a	O
13.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
growth	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
climb	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
annual	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
light	O
industry	O
was	O
885.5	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
11.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
;	O
the	O
added	O
value	O
of	O
heavy	O
industry	O
was	O
1.1621	B-MONEY
trillion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
a	O
10.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
growth	O
.	O


--	O
Industry	O
restructuring	O
made	O
vigorous	O
progress	O
.	O


From	O
the	O
view	O
of	O
main	O
industrial	O
products	O
,	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
self	O
-	O
generated	O
adjustments	O
due	O
to	O
market	O
constraints	O
was	O
considerably	O
significant	O
.	O


The	O
production	O
of	O
such	O
fundamental	O
products	O
as	O
energy	O
resources	O
,	O
main	O
raw	O
materials	O
,	O
etc.	O
grew	O
at	O
a	O
low	O
rate	O
subject	O
to	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
market	O
demands	O
.	O


The	O
national	O
total	O
production	O
volume	O
of	O
disposable	O
energy	O
resources	O
was	O
2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
growth	O
of	O
chemical	O
fiber	O
production	O
,	O
man	O
-	O
made	O
board	O
,	O
synthetic	O
fiber	O
monomer	O
and	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
types	O
of	O
non-ferrous	O
metal	O
,	O
etc.	O
was	O
rather	O
fast	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
14.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
32.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
growth	O
.	O


Timber	O
,	O
machine	O
-	O
made	O
paper	O
,	O
drugs	O
made	O
of	O
chemical	O
materials	O
,	O
etc.	O
dropped	O
1.1	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
9.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Electromechanical	O
products	O
of	O
an	O
investment	O
nature	O
had	O
ups	O
and	O
downs	O
.	O


The	O
production	O
of	O
internal	O
-	O
combustion	O
engines	O
,	O
metal	O
-	O
cutting	O
machines	O
,	O
large	O
,	O
medium	O
and	O
small	O
-	O
sized	O
tractors	O
,	O
vans	O
,	O
motor	O
trucks	O
,	O
etc.	O
dropped	O
1.6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
10.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Electrical	O
and	O
high	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
products	O
grew	O
considerably	O
.	O


Sedans	O
,	O
digital	O
program	O
-	O
controlled	O
switches	O
,	O
electronic	O
computers	O
,	O
large	O
-	O
scale	O
integrated	O
circuits	O
,	O
etc.	O
grew	O
by	O
21.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
1.7	B-CARDINAL
times	O
.	O


The	O
production	O
of	O
main	O
consumer	O
products	O
grew	O
or	O
dropped	O
significantly	O
subject	O
to	O
the	O
restraints	O
of	O
market	O
demands	O
.	O


Some	O
basic	O
consumer	O
goods	O
and	O
food	O
kept	O
steady	O
growth	O
,	O
among	O
which	O
candy	O
,	O
dairy	O
products	O
,	O
beer	O
,	O
soft	O
drink	O
,	O
cloth	O
,	O
and	O
silk	O
grew	O
by	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
19.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Main	O
durable	O
consumer	O
goods	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
washing	O
machines	O
,	O
vacuum	O
cleaners	O
,	O
room	O
air	O
-	O
conditioners	O
,	O
color	O
TVs	O
,	O
music	O
centers	O
,	O
etc.	O
grew	O
by	O
10.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
47.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
bicycles	O
,	O
electric	O
fans	O
,	O
exhaust	O
fans	O
,	O
VCRs	O
dropped	O
by	O
0.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
16.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


--	O
The	O
rate	O
of	O
industrial	O
production	O
and	O
marketing	O
had	O
some	O
growth	O
,	O
whereas	O
exports	O
grew	O
considerably	O
.	O


An	O
annual	O
industrial	O
sales	O
output	O
value	O
of	O
6.8354	B-MONEY
trillion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
was	O
achieved	O
,	O
10.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
growth	O
rate	O
of	O
the	O
output	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
period	O
.	O


The	O
sales	O
rate	O
of	O
industrial	O
products	O
was	O
96.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
0.3	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
;	O
the	O
export	O
delivery	O
value	O
of	O
industrial	O
enterprises	O
'	O
production	O
for	O
foreign	O
trade	O
export	O
purposes	O
was	O
954.5	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
14.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


--	O
The	O
level	O
of	O
economic	O
benefits	O
were	O
recovered	O
back	O
.	O


From	O
January	B-DATE
to	I-DATE
November	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
composite	O
index	O
of	O
the	O
economic	O
benefits	O
of	O
nationwide	O
370,000	B-CARDINAL
village	O
and	O
above	O
village	O
industrial	O
enterprises	O
with	O
independent	O
accountability	O
was	O
89.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
3.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Statistical	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
shows	O
,	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
there	O
were	O
still	O
certain	O
problems	O
during	O
the	O
industrial	O
economy	O
operation	O
,	O
for	O
instance	O
,	O
capital	O
defaults	O
increased	O
,	O
deficits	O
were	O
still	O
serious	O
,	O
fundamental	O
products	O
such	O
as	O
energy	O
resources	O
,	O
raw	O
materials	O
,	O
etc.	O
grew	O
at	O
low	O
rates	O
,	O
the	O
transfer	O
of	O
industrial	O
structure	O
was	O
considerably	O
slow	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
these	O
are	O
restraining	O
factors	O
assailing	O
the	O
further	O
healthy	O
development	O
of	O
an	O
industrial	O
economy	O
.	O


This	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
spirit	O
of	O
National	B-EVENT
Economy	I-EVENT
Work	I-EVENT
Conference	I-EVENT
should	O
be	O
carried	O
through	O
and	O
implemented	O
,	O
while	O
deepening	O
State	B-ORG
-	O
owned	O
enterprise	O
reform	O
and	O
continuing	O
to	O
reinforce	O
restructuring	O
,	O
striving	O
to	O
increase	O
effective	O
demands	O
,	O
improving	O
supply	O
quality	O
,	O
promoting	O
the	O
healthy	O
and	O
steady	O
development	O
of	O
an	O
industrial	O
economy	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
January	B-DATE
3rd	I-DATE


In	O
order	O
to	O
perfect	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
decided	O
to	O
implement	O
a	O
new	O
method	O
of	O
managing	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
borrowed	O
by	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
from	O
January	B-DATE
1st	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


According	O
to	O
regulations	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
,	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
indicate	O
loans	O
raised	O
and	O
borrowed	O
by	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
from	O
financial	O
institutions	O
,	O
enterprises	O
,	O
individual	O
or	O
other	O
economic	O
organizations	O
abroad	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
foreign	O
-	O
funded	O
financial	O
institutions	O
within	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
border	O
,	O
whose	O
contractual	O
repayment	O
obligations	O
are	O
in	O
foreign	O
currency	O
.	O


Export	O
credits	O
,	O
international	O
financing	O
leaseholds	O
,	O
compensation	O
trades	O
with	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
repayment	O
methods	O
,	O
overseas	O
institution	O
's	O
and	O
individual	O
's	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
deposits	O
-LRB-	O
excluding	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
deposits	O
in	O
banks	O
approved	O
for	O
offshore	O
operations	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
project	O
financing	O
,	O
financing	O
under	O
trade	O
projects	O
over	B-DATE
90	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
and	O
other	O
forms	O
of	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
loans	O
will	O
all	O
be	O
treated	O
and	O
managed	O
as	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
regulations	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
People	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
is	O
the	O
approving	O
authority	O
for	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
borrowed	O
by	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
People	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
has	O
authorized	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
to	O
be	O
specifically	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
approval	O
,	O
supervision	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
commercial	O
loans	O
by	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
.	O


All	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
borrowed	O
by	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
should	O
be	O
approved	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
.	O


International	O
business	O
loans	O
that	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
approved	O
but	O
were	O
signed	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
authority	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
valid	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
will	O
not	O
process	O
the	O
registration	O
of	O
foreign	O
debts	O
,	O
banks	O
are	O
not	O
allowed	O
to	O
open	O
exclusive	O
foreign	O
debt	O
accounts	O
for	O
them	O
,	O
loan	O
principals	O
and	O
interests	O
are	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
remitted	O
out	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
authority	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
clearly	O
stipulated	O
in	O
the	O
new	O
method	O
that	O
,	O
domestic	O
institutions	O
borrowing	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
externally	O
are	O
only	O
limited	O
to	O
:	O
China	B-GPE
-	O
capital	O
financial	O
institutions	O
approved	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
Management	I-ORG
Bureau	I-ORG
to	O
operate	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
loan	O
business	O
;	O
juridical	O
people	O
of	O
non-financial	O
corporations	O
approved	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Authorization	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
.	O


Juridical	O
people	O
of	O
non-financial	O
institutions	O
who	O
borrow	O
international	O
commercial	O
loans	O
directly	O
must	O
possess	O
these	O
several	O
conditions	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
have	O
continual	O
profits	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
have	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
business	O
permission	O
,	O
belong	O
to	O
a	O
national	O
encouraged	O
industry	O
;	O
possess	O
a	O
complete	O
financial	O
management	O
system	O
;	O
must	O
have	O
a	O
ratio	O
of	O
net	O
assets	O
to	O
total	O
assets	O
not	B-PERCENT
lower	I-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
15	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
for	O
juridical	O
people	O
of	O
trade	O
-	O
type	O
non-financial	O
corporations	O
,	O
must	O
have	O
ratios	O
of	O
net	O
assets	O
to	O
total	O
assets	O
not	B-PERCENT
lower	I-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
30	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
for	O
juridical	O
people	O
of	O
non	O
trade	O
-	O
type	O
non-financial	O
corporations	O
;	O
must	O
have	O
a	O
total	O
sum	O
of	O
international	O
business	O
loans	O
borrowed	O
and	O
foreign	O
guarantee	O
surpluses	O
not	B-PERCENT
exceeding	I-PERCENT
50	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
net	O
asset	O
's	O
equivalent	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
worth	O
;	O
must	O
have	O
total	O
of	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
loan	O
and	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
guarantee	O
surplus	O
not	O
exceeding	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
exchange	O
created	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Jinan	B-GPE
,	O
January	B-DATE
18th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Xueqing	B-PERSON
Dong	I-PERSON


Mingquan	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON
,	O
vice	O
director	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Foreign	B-ORG
Economy	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
that	O
in	O
1997	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
quality	O
and	O
level	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
had	O
further	O
improved	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
drop	O
in	O
the	O
quantity	O
and	O
the	O
contract	O
amount	O
of	O
recently	O
approved	O
projects	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
,	O
foreign	O
capital	O
actually	O
utilized	O
maintained	O
growth	O
,	O
reaching	O
over	B-MONEY
4.2	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
increasing	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
17	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Of	O
this	O
amount	O
,	O
foreign	O
merchants	O
'	O
investment	O
actually	O
realized	O
was	O
over	B-MONEY
3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
whole	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
enterprises	O
that	O
were	O
newly	O
approved	O
and	O
that	O
were	O
invested	O
in	O
by	O
foreign	O
merchants	O
neared	O
1,600	B-CARDINAL
,	O
and	O
the	O
accumulated	O
total	O
already	O
has	O
reached	O
over	B-CARDINAL
20,000	I-CARDINAL
.	O


The	O
momentum	O
of	O
multinational	O
companies	O
investing	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
has	O
not	O
decreased	O
.	O


After	O
such	O
multi-national	O
companies	O
as	O
Dupont	B-ORG
,	O
HP	B-ORG
,	O
Siemens	B-ORG
,	O
Panasonic	B-ORG
,	O
Daewoo	B-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
successively	O
invested	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
,	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
multinational	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
America	B-GPE
's	O
Chevron	B-ORG
and	O
Eton	B-ORG
,	O
France	B-GPE
's	O
Elf	B-ORG
,	O
Shenggeban	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
French	B-NORP
Electric	B-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	O
Germany	B-GPE
's	O
Deutsch	B-ORG
,	O
UK	B-GPE
's	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Chemicals	I-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
have	O
come	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
.	O


By	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
multinational	O
companies	O
coming	O
to	O
invest	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
were	O
over	O
one	B-CARDINAL
hundred	I-CARDINAL
,	O
among	O
which	O
26	O
were	O
ranked	O
the	O
top	O
100	B-CARDINAL
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


These	O
multinational	O
companies	O
'	O
investment	O
projects	O
are	O
large	O
in	O
scale	O
,	O
high	O
in	O
technology	O
,	O
and	O
strong	O
in	O
their	O
industrial	O
promotion	O
.	O


New	O
breakthroughs	O
were	O
achieved	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
methods	O
of	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


Since	O
Qingdao	B-ORG
Beer	I-ORG
and	O
Shandong	B-ORG
Huaneng	I-ORG
succeeded	O
in	O
respectively	O
issuing	O
H	O
-	O
shares	O
and	O
N	O
-	O
shares	O
in	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
5	B-CARDINAL
more	O
share	O
-	O
holding	O
companies	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
Chenmin	B-ORG
Paper	I-ORG
Manufacturing	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
Jinan	B-GPE
's	O
Qingqi	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
Yantai	B-GPE
's	O
Zhangyu	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
Xinhua	B-GPE
's	O
Pharmacy	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
and	O
Lutai	B-GPE
's	O
Textile	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
also	O
entered	O
the	O
market	O
issuing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
shares	O
,	O
altogether	O
attracting	O
265	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


By	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
seven	B-CARDINAL
enterprises	O
in	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
issued	O
H	O
-	O
shares	O
,	O
N	O
-	O
shares	O
or	O
B	O
-	O
shares	O
,	O
altogether	O
attracting	O
over	O
700	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


New	O
progress	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
made	O
in	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
for	O
infrastructure	O
,	O
foundation	O
industries	O
and	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
projects	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
energy	O
,	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
China	B-ORG
Power	I-ORG
Generation	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	O
Ltd.	O
obtained	O
the	O
State	B-ORG
's	O
approval	O
.	O


With	O
a	O
total	O
project	O
investment	O
of	O
nearly	B-MONEY
2.3	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
and	O
over	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
contracted	O
foreign	O
capital	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
currently	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
largest	O
project	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


In	O
agriculture	O
,	O
the	O
integrated	O
agricultural	O
development	O
project	O
invested	O
in	O
by	O
Australia	B-GPE
's	O
Southern	B-GPE
Australia	I-GPE
--	O
Shandong	B-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
holding	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Ltd.	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
Yellow	B-LOC
River	I-LOC
delta	O
region	O
has	O
a	O
total	O
investment	O
of	O
nearly	B-MONEY
30	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
and	O
over	B-MONEY
10	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
contracted	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
currently	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
largest	O
integrated	O
agricultural	O
development	O
project	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
,	O
the	O
investment	O
projects	O
of	O
world	O
famous	O
multinational	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
's	O
Eton	B-ORG
,	O
Germany	B-GPE
's	O
Deutsch	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
UK	B-GPE
's	O
Imperial	B-ORG
Chemicals	I-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
all	O
have	O
first	B-ORDINAL
-	O
class	O
international	O
levels	O
of	O
technology	O
.	O


These	O
projects	O
powerfully	O
bring	O
about	O
optimization	O
and	O
improvement	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
industrial	O
structure	O
.	O


In	O
infrastructure	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
expressway	O
projects	O
have	O
been	O
formally	O
signed	O
with	O
the	O
outside	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
municipal	O
public	O
infrastructure	O
merchant	O
-	O
invitation	O
projects	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
announced	O
overseas	O
,	O
signifying	O
the	O
complete	O
start	O
of	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
infrastructure	O
.	O


The	O
economic	O
development	O
district	O
has	O
become	O
a	O
hotspot	O
for	O
attracting	O
foreign	O
merchant	O
investment	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
economic	O
development	O
districts	O
recently	O
approved	O
over	O
1480	B-CARDINAL
projects	O
utilizing	O
foreign	O
capital	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
24	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
total	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
province	O
.	O


Over	B-MONEY
900	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
foreign	O
capital	O
was	O
actually	O
utilized	O
,	O
increasing	O
nearly	B-PERCENT
40	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
total	O
industrial	O
output	O
completed	O
by	O
enterprises	O
within	O
the	O
district	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
was	O
over	B-MONEY
47	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
nearly	B-PERCENT
80	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
had	O
nearly	B-MONEY
1.7	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
of	O
foreign	O
export	O
currency	O
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
31	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


As	O
a	O
new	O
point	O
of	O
growth	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
open	O
economy	O
,	O
the	O
economic	O
development	O
district	O
is	O
showing	O
development	O
vitality	O
that	O
grows	O
stronger	O
daily	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
total	O
output	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
reached	O
over	B-MONEY
19.7	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
over	B-PERCENT
10	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Among	O
this	O
,	O
exports	O
broke	O
through	O
13	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
increasing	O
by	O
25	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
compared	O
with	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Export	O
values	O
ranked	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
in	O
the	O
nation	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
growth	O
rate	O
ranked	O
second	B-ORDINAL
among	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
main	O
coastal	O
provinces	O
and	O
cities	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


In	O
1997	B-DATE
,	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
foreign	O
trade	O
broke	O
through	O
220	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
which	O
created	O
a	O
new	O
historical	O
record	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
in	O
reviewing	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
situation	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
it	O
might	O
be	O
appropriate	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
between	O
joy	O
and	O
sorrow	O
.	O


The	O
joy	O
lies	O
in	O
that	O
the	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
foreign	O
trade	O
still	O
maintains	O
a	O
strong	O
growth	O
momentum	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
realized	O
trade	O
surpluses	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
third	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
in	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
row	I-DATE
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
sorrow	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
trade	O
surplus	O
has	O
sharply	O
reversed	O
,	O
and	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
relatively	O
large	O
deficit	O
may	O
appear	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
official	O
journals	O
published	O
recently	O
by	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
Treasury	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
,	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
in	O
1997	B-DATE
continued	O
to	O
grow	O
rapidly	O
,	O
the	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
reached	O
220.178	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
18.85	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
within	O
that	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
exports	O
was	O
110.380	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
imports	O
was	O
109.798	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
15	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
and	O
22.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
1996	B-DATE
,	O
respectively	O
.	O


The	O
trade	O
surplus	O
was	O
582	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


Foreign	O
trade	O
occupies	O
a	O
pivotal	O
position	O
in	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
economy	O
.	O


At	O
present	O
,	O
exports	O
account	O
for	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
30	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
its	O
GDP	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
primary	O
economic	O
growth	O
forces	O
.	O


After	O
the	O
outbreak	O
of	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
financial	O
crisis	O
in	O
1994	B-DATE
,	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
currency	O
,	O
the	O
peso	O
was	O
greatly	O
devalued	O
,	O
thus	O
greatly	O
strengthening	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
export	O
competitiveness	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
government	O
has	O
been	O
vigorously	O
supporting	O
exports	O
,	O
and	O
exports	O
grew	O
rapidly	O
.	O


In	O
1995	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
situation	O
of	O
successive	O
foreign	O
trade	O
deficit	O
reversed	O
,	O
and	O
up	O
to	O
now	O
,	O
has	O
maintained	O
trade	O
surpluses	O
for	O
three	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
row	I-DATE
.	O


However	O
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
Mexico	B-GPE
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
surplus	O
showed	O
a	O
substantial	O
degradation	O
:	O
7.889	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
1995	B-DATE
,	O
6.424	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
1996	B-DATE
,	O
and	O
only	B-MONEY
582	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Especially	O
deserving	O
to	O
be	O
pointed	O
out	O
is	O
that	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
monthly	O
deficit	O
in	O
July	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	B-DATE
rest	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
saw	O
successive	O
monthly	O
deficits	O
with	O
the	O
amounts	O
of	O
deficit	O
almost	O
doubling	O
,	O
roaring	O
from	O
20	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
July	B-DATE
to	O
722	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
in	O
December	B-DATE
,	O
reducing	O
the	O
1997	B-DATE
annual	O
accumulative	O
trade	O
surplus	O
amount	O
to	O
a	O
trivial	O
number	O
.	O


Local	O
economic	O
analysts	O
felt	O
that	O
the	O
trade	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
second	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
was	O
mainly	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
overly	O
high	O
import	O
growth	O
rate	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
even	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
exports	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
second	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
average	O
growth	O
rate	O
of	O
imports	O
was	O
6	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
7	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
exports	O
.	O


Among	O
import	O
sectors	O
,	O
swift	O
growth	O
comes	O
mainly	O
from	O
imports	O
of	O
consumer	O
products	O
and	O
capital	O
goods	O
,	O
39.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
and	O
38.2	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
1996	B-DATE
respectively	O
.	O


The	O
growth	O
of	O
imports	O
of	O
semi-finished	O
products	O
was	O
up	O
by	O
18.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


Secondly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
the	O
overly	O
high	O
valuation	O
of	O
the	O
peso	O
is	O
also	O
an	O
indispensable	O
factor	O
.	O


An	O
overly	O
high	O
peso	O
exchange	O
rate	O
stimulated	O
imports	O
,	O
but	O
hindered	O
exports	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
commonly	O
known	O
that	O
in	O
1994	B-DATE
,	O
before	O
the	O
outbreak	O
of	O
the	O
financial	O
crisis	O
,	O
the	O
trade	O
deficit	O
was	O
once	O
as	O
high	O
as	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
18	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


The	O
huge	O
trade	O
deficit	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
internal	O
reasons	O
that	O
triggered	O
this	O
crisis	O
.	O


Hence	O
,	O
the	O
trade	O
situation	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
has	O
caused	O
extreme	O
concern	O
among	O
people	O
from	O
economic	O
circles	O
,	O
who	O
even	O
predicted	O
that	O
in	O
1998	B-DATE
,	O
foreign	O
trade	O
deficit	O
would	O
revive	O
.	O


They	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
,	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
except	O
for	O
an	O
overly	O
high	O
peso	O
exchange	O
rate	O
,	O
exports	O
would	O
also	O
face	O
some	O
new	O
unfavorable	O
factors	O
.	O


For	O
instance	O
,	O
Asian	B-NORP
currency	O
devaluation	O
will	O
decrease	O
export	O
competitiveness	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fall	O
of	O
oil	O
price	O
will	O
significantly	O
reduce	O
oil	O
revenues	O
.	O


Under	O
these	O
circumstances	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
import	O
growth	O
momentum	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
restrained	O
,	O
this	O
year	O
,	O
a	O
trade	O
deficit	O
of	O
4	B-MONEY
to	I-MONEY
5	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
may	O
appear	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
March	B-DATE
9th	I-DATE


The	O
statistics	O
from	O
the	B-ORG
General	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
show	O
that	O
,	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
trade	O
with	O
Japan	B-GPE
continued	O
increasing	O
,	O
the	O
gross	O
value	O
of	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
reached	O
60.06	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
4.5	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
accounted	O
for	O
20.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gross	O
value	O
of	O
foreign	O
trade	O
.	O


Of	O
which	O
,	O
exports	O
were	O
30.88	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
imports	O
were	O
29.18	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


The	O
trade	O
surplus	O
against	O
Japan	B-GPE
was	O
1.7	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


Japan	B-GPE
has	O
,	O
for	O
four	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
successively	O
ranked	O
first	B-ORDINAL
place	O
among	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
partners	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
bilateral	O
trade	O
volume	O
last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
was	O
17.22	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
second	B-ORDINAL
largest	O
trade	O
partner	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
presentations	O
,	O
the	O
dependency	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
exported	O
products	O
on	O
the	O
Japanese	B-NORP
market	O
has	O
been	O
increasing	O
annually	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
proportion	O
of	O
imported	O
products	O
in	O
the	O
total	O
import	O
volume	O
from	O
Japan	B-GPE
has	O
fluctuated	O
irregularly	O
;	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
various	O
trade	O
methods	O
was	O
not	O
balanced	O
,	O
general	O
trade	O
has	O
decreased	O
,	O
processing	O
trade	O
has	O
increased	O
;	O
while	O
the	O
growth	O
of	O
primary	O
product	O
trade	O
was	O
considerably	O
fast	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
exports	O
of	O
primary	O
products	O
to	O
Japan	B-GPE
were	O
8	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
10.9	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
imports	O
of	O
primary	O
products	O
from	O
Japan	B-GPE
were	O
1	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
a	O
4.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
growth	O
.	O


The	O
trade	O
of	O
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
with	O
Japan	B-GPE
increased	O
rapidly	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
exports	O
of	O
foreign	O
-	O
invested	O
enterprises	O
to	O
Japan	B-GPE
were	O
14.9	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
up	O
35.4	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
and	O
accounted	O
for	O
48	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
exports	O
to	O
Japan	B-GPE
;	O
imports	O
were	O
19.5	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
up	O
14.7	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
and	O
accounted	O
for	O
67	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
total	O
import	O
value	O
from	O
Japan	B-GPE
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Buenos	B-GPE
Aires	I-GPE
,	O
April	B-DATE
7th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Hong	B-PERSON
Xue	I-PERSON


The	O
handover	O
ceremony	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
mechanical	O
products	O
purchased	O
by	O
Argentina	B-GPE
's	O
LaRioja	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
using	O
a	O
loan	O
provided	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
,	O
was	O
held	O
today	B-DATE
in	O
Catamarca	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
of	O
this	O
province	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
mechanical	O
products	O
have	O
entered	O
Argentina	B-GPE
in	O
large	O
quantities	O
.	O


Minister	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Mechanical	B-ORG
Industry	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
,	B-PERSON
Xuding	I-PERSON
Bao	I-PERSON
,	I-PERSON
who	O
came	O
specially	O
to	O
attend	O
the	O
handing	O
-	O
over	O
and	O
taking	O
-	O
over	O
ceremony	O
,	O
handed	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
mechanical	O
products	O
whose	O
total	O
value	O
is	O
5.5	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
to	O
Masa	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
governor	O
of	O
LaRioja	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
.	O


These	O
products	O
included	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
1800	I-CARDINAL
sets	O
of	O
tractors	O
and	O
road	O
-	O
building	O
machinery	O
.	O


Minister	O
Xuding	B-PERSON
Bao	I-PERSON
and	O
Governor	O
Masa	B-PERSON
delivered	O
ebullient	O
speeches	O
in	O
the	O
ceremony	O
,	O
both	O
hoped	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
start	O
to	O
expand	O
trade	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
and	O
to	O
promote	O
development	O
in	O
other	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
.	O


Recently	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
China	I-ORG
provided	O
Argentina	B-GPE
with	O
loan	O
of	O
20	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


LaRioja	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
is	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
loan	O
to	O
import	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
products	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Macau	B-GPE
,	O
April	B-DATE
3rd	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporters	O
Zhigen	B-PERSON
Wang	I-PERSON
and	O
Yuming	B-PERSON
Che	I-PERSON


Xuming	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON
,	O
Chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Enterprise	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
said	O
that	O
,	O
at	O
present	O
there	O
were	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
200	I-CARDINAL
enterprises	O
operating	O
with	O
Chinese	B-NORP
capital	O
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
and	O
that	O
the	O
total	O
value	O
of	O
assets	O
is	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
90	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
patacas	I-MONEY
.	O


Chinese	B-NORP
capital	O
enterprises	O
have	O
become	O
the	O
biggest	O
foreign	O
investors	O
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
.	O


Xuming	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON
recently	O
said	O
at	O
the	O
joint	O
meeting	O
for	O
the	O
fifth	B-ORDINAL
anniversary	O
of	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Enterprise	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
,	O
that	O
Macau	B-GPE
's	O
inland	O
investment	O
enterprises	O
,	O
from	O
small	O
to	O
large	O
and	O
from	O
weak	O
to	O
strong	O
,	O
have	O
developed	O
into	O
an	O
important	O
force	O
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
's	O
economic	O
domain	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
made	O
important	O
contributions	O
to	O
the	O
prosperity	O
and	O
stability	O
of	O
Macau	B-GPE
.	O


According	O
to	O
presentations	O
,	O
these	O
enterprises	O
have	O
extensively	O
taken	O
part	O
in	O
many	O
areas	O
of	O
operating	O
activities	O
such	O
as	O
trade	O
,	O
industry	O
,	O
finance	O
,	O
insurance	O
,	O
tourism	O
,	O
catering	O
,	O
traffic	O
and	O
transportation	O
,	O
construction	O
,	O
real	O
estate	O
,	O
etc.	O
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
.	O


Among	O
these	O
,	O
the	O
proportion	O
that	O
Chinese	B-NORP
capital	O
accounts	O
for	O
in	O
financial	O
insurance	O
has	O
reached	O
50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


It	O
accounts	O
for	O
from	O
50	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	O
70	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
tourism	O
industry	O
,	O
accounts	O
for	O
30	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
,	O
and	O
accounts	O
for	O
70	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
real	O
estate	O
.	O


Xuming	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON
expressed	O
that	O
enterprises	O
operating	O
with	O
Chinese	B-NORP
capital	O
in	O
Macau	B-GPE
will	O
continue	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
Xiaoping	B-PERSON
Deng	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
program	O
of	O
"	O
one	B-CARDINAL
country	O
,	O
two	B-CARDINAL
systems	O
"	O
and	O
of	O
all	O
national	O
guidelines	O
and	O
policies	O
for	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
Macau	B-GPE
,	O
to	O
adhere	O
to	O
the	O
principle	O
of	O
"	O
Some	O
to	O
do	O
and	O
some	O
not	O
to	O
do	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
strive	O
together	O
with	O
local	O
figures	O
in	O
industrial	O
and	O
commercial	O
circles	O
to	O
make	O
more	O
contributions	O
to	O
promoting	O
Macau	B-GPE
's	O
economic	O
stability	O
and	O
social	O
development	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
,	O
February	B-DATE
13th	I-DATE
,	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
Peilice	B-PERSON
Dekuliar	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
Secretary	O
-	O
General	O
,	O
expressed	O
grief	O
at	O
the	O
multi-national	O
forces	O
air	O
striking	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
resulting	O
in	O
civilians	O
deaths	O
.	O


Julileah	B-PERSON
,	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
Secretary	O
-	O
General	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
that	O
Peilice	B-PERSON
Dekuliar	I-PERSON
felt	O
deep	O
grief	O
that	O
so	O
many	O
civilians	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
had	O
died	O
in	O
the	O
air	O
attack	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
a	O
news	O
report	O
on	O
February	B-DATE
14th	I-DATE
by	O
Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
from	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
when	O
the	O
multi-national	O
forces	O
carried	O
out	O
an	O
air	O
attack	O
on	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
on	O
the	B-DATE
13th	I-DATE
,	O
hundreds	B-CARDINAL
of	O
civilians	O
were	O
killed	O
in	O
the	O
bombing	O
.	O


World	O
public	O
opinion	O
has	O
reacted	O
strongly	O
to	O
the	O
event	O
.	O


Officials	O
in	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Defense	I-ORG
said	O
that	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
missiles	O
or	O
bomb	O
shells	O
dropped	O
by	O
planes	O
of	O
the	O
multi-national	O
forces	O
on	O
the	B-TIME
13th	I-TIME
at	I-TIME
4	I-TIME
O'clock	I-TIME
in	I-TIME
the	I-TIME
morning	I-TIME
local	I-TIME
time	I-TIME
hit	O
a	O
large	O
sized	O
underground	O
bomb	O
shelter	O
and	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
500	B-CARDINAL
civilians	O
hiding	O
inside	O
were	O
killed	O
,	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
of	O
whom	O
were	O
women	O
and	O
children	O
.	O


The	O
Tunisian	B-NORP
government	O
thinks	O
that	O
this	O
bombing	O
again	O
shows	O
that	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
multi-national	O
forces	O
has	O
exceeded	O
authorized	O
limits	O
set	O
by	O
the	O
United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
decision	O
.	O


Tunisia	B-GPE
has	O
again	O
appealed	O
to	O
international	O
conscience	O
to	O
take	O
action	O
,	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
blood	O
and	O
end	O
the	O
destructive	O
war	O
,	O
and	O
create	O
conditions	O
for	O
a	O
peaceful	O
settlement	O
of	O
the	O
conflict	O
.	O


Ashitaer	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
representative	O
of	O
Yemen	B-GPE
strongly	O
condemned	O
this	O
incident	O
and	O
asked	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
passed	O
resolution	B-LAW
No.	I-LAW
678	I-LAW
which	O
permits	O
military	O
actions	O
against	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
no	O
one	O
feels	O
this	O
"	O
ferocious	O
and	O
inexcusable	O
"	O
bombing	O
is	O
just	O
.	O


In	O
Amman	B-GPE
,	O
capital	O
of	O
Jordan	B-GPE
,	O
thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
angry	O
people	O
paraded	O
and	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
embassy	O
,	O
objecting	O
to	O
the	O
multi-national	O
forces	O
bombing	O
and	O
killing	O
innocent	O
civilians	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
January	B-DATE
5th	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Huangbiao	B-PERSON
He	I-PERSON


The	B-ORG
Wangma	I-ORG
Computer	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
high	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
enterprise	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
's	O
Zhongguan	B-GPE
village	O
,	O
held	O
a	O
press	O
conference	O
in	O
the	B-FAC
Great	I-FAC
Hall	I-FAC
Of	I-FAC
the	I-FAC
People	I-FAC
on	O
January	B-DATE
4th	I-DATE
and	O
announced	O
:	O
to	O
meet	O
urgent	O
demands	O
for	O
office	O
automation	O
of	O
all	O
Party	B-ORG
departments	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
and	O
the	O
army	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
decided	O
to	O
"	O
open	O
"	O
a	O
whole	O
set	O
of	O
top	O
-	O
quality	O
products	O
of	O
Wangma	B-ORG
Software	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
can	O
profit	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
one	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
,	O
all	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
non-encoded	O
floppy	O
disks	O
,	O
exempting	O
technical	O
fees	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
all	O
domestic	O
computer	O
users	O
can	O
copy	O
and	O
use	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Wangma	I-ORG
Computer	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
was	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
Wubi	B-ORG
font	O
,	O
the	O
coding	O
method	O
of	O
Chinese	B-LANGUAGE
characters	O
invented	O
by	O
the	O
famous	O
computer	O
expert	O
-	O
Yongmin	B-PERSON
Wang	I-PERSON
.	O


This	O
simple	O
,	O
convenient	O
and	O
efficient	O
input	O
method	O
covers	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
85	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
nation	O
's	O
computer	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
become	O
the	O
input	O
technology	O
of	O
Chinese	B-LANGUAGE
characters	O
which	O
dominates	O
the	O
leading	O
position	O
in	O
our	O
nation	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
rapid	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
computer	O
business	O
,	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
computer	O
users	O
successively	O
come	O
"	O
line	O
up	O
to	O
register	O
"	O
and	O
purchase	O
Wubi	B-ORG
's	O
latest	O
edition	O
and	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
using	O
the	O
Wangma	B-ORG
Chinese	B-LANGUAGE
characters	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
benefit	O
society	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Wangma	I-ORG
Computer	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
determinedly	O
gave	O
up	O
an	O
opportunity	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
earned	O
big	O
money	O
by	O
dedicating	O
unencoded	O
floppy	O
disks	O
to	O
users	O
,	O
allowing	O
them	O
to	O
copy	O
by	O
themselves	O
.	O


Leaders	O
,	O
experts	O
and	O
users	O
attending	O
the	O
conference	O
gave	O
a	O
very	O
high	O
appraisal	O
of	O
the	O
decision	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Wangma	I-ORG
Computer	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
to	O
selflessly	O
contribute	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


On	O
the	O
invitation	O
of	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Mahathir	B-PERSON
of	O
Malaysia	B-GPE
,	O
Premier	O
Peng	B-PERSON
Li	I-PERSON
arrived	O
in	O
Malaysia	B-GPE
on	O
the	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
of	I-TIME
December	I-TIME
10th	I-TIME
,	I-TIME
1990	I-TIME
to	O
carry	O
out	O
a	O
friendly	O
official	O
visit	O
.	O


The	O
picture	O
showed	O
Premier	O
Peng	B-PERSON
Li	I-PERSON
visiting	O
Malacca	B-GPE
State	I-GPE


Picture	O
taken	O
by	O
Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
reporter	O
Shengnan	B-PERSON
Li	I-PERSON


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
,	O
April	B-DATE
23rd	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
correspondent	O
Shengmin	B-PERSON
Zhao	I-PERSON


Guangzhou	B-GPE
's	O
private	O
sector	O
economy	O
is	O
developing	O
swiftly	O
,	O
enterprise	O
scale	O
is	O
gradually	O
enlarging	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
begun	O
to	O
develop	O
towards	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
high	O
and	O
new	O
technology	O
industries	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
by	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
registered	O
private	O
enterprises	O
in	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
has	O
reached	O
7646	B-CARDINAL
.	O


There	O
are	O
97,963	B-CARDINAL
employed	O
people	O
,	O
and	O
registered	O
capital	O
of	O
private	O
enterprises	O
is	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
3.08	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
respectively	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
to	I-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
's	O
privately	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
again	O
showed	O
many	O
characteristics	O
:	O
all	O
walks	O
of	O
life	O
are	O
developing	O
extensively	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
industry	O
and	O
commerce	O
is	O
remarkable	O
.	O


Privately	O
owned	O
industry	O
and	O
commercial	O
enterprises	O
total	O
5836	B-CARDINAL
.	O


There	O
are	O
76,724	B-CARDINAL
employed	O
people	O
,	O
respectively	O
increasing	O
by	O
9.33	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
and	I-PERCENT
11.22	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
than	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
proportion	O
of	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
private	O
industries	O
and	O
private	O
commerce	O
in	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
of	O
private	O
enterprises	O
and	O
employed	O
people	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
city	O
is	O
respectively	O
76.33	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
and	I-PERCENT
78.32	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
recently	O
opened	O
private	O
enterprises	O
are	O
continually	O
increasing	O
.	O


The	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
totally	O
,	O
registered	O
and	O
recently	O
started	O
privately	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
city	O
are	O
851	B-CARDINAL
,	O
5.98	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
input	O
of	O
registered	O
capital	O
of	O
privately	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
has	O
shown	O
a	O
trend	O
of	O
substantial	O
growth	O
.	O


By	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
registered	O
capital	O
of	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
's	O
privately	O
owned	O
enterprises	O
is	O
3.08	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
24.97	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


Guangzhou	B-GPE
's	O
private	O
enterprises	O
have	O
begun	O
to	O
set	O
foot	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
high	O
and	O
new	O
technology	O
industries	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
development	O
is	O
considerably	O
fast	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
consulting	O
enterprises	O
in	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
has	O
reached	O
534	B-CARDINAL
,	O
more	O
than	O
double	O
of	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


With	O
the	O
operation	O
scale	O
constantly	O
expanding	O
,	O
the	O
economic	O
benefits	O
have	O
increased	O
significantly	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
quarter	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
's	O
private	O
industries	O
,	O
construction	O
industries	O
and	O
traffic	O
and	O
transportation	O
industries	O
have	O
achieved	O
a	O
total	O
output	O
value	O
of	O
412	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
22.62	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
period	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
previous	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Jinan	B-GPE
,	O
September	B-DATE
2nd	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Baixin	B-PERSON
Zhang	I-PERSON


Laiwu	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
established	O
a	O
cell	O
structure	O
cultivation	O
center	O
inside	O
the	O
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
,	O
to	O
introduce	O
and	O
tame	O
improved	O
breeds	O
of	O
nurseries	O
,	O
flowers	O
and	O
vegetables	O
from	O
home	O
and	O
abroad	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
50	I-CARDINAL
new	O
breeds	O
such	O
as	O
melons	O
,	O
vegetables	O
,	O
flowers	O
and	O
fruit	O
trees	O
,	O
etc.	O
have	O
successively	O
been	O
introduced	O
from	O
countries	O
such	O
as	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Japan	B-GPE
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
has	O
bred	O
3.5	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
improved	O
nurseries	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
understanding	O
,	O
currently	O
Shandong	B-GPE
has	O
established	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
Laiwu	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
.	O


A	O
government	O
official	O
of	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
told	O
this	O
reporter	O
that	O
this	O
province	O
established	O
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
beginning	O
in	O
1992	B-DATE
,	O
whose	O
main	O
purpose	O
is	O
to	O
accelerate	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
achievements	O
through	O
introducing	O
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technologies	O
from	O
home	O
and	O
abroad	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
development	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
provide	O
effective	O
models	O
for	O
agricultural	O
production	O
and	O
rural	O
economy	O
development	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
traditional	O
agriculture	O
into	O
modern	O
agriculture	O
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
have	O
designated	O
180,000	B-QUANTITY
mu	I-QUANTITY
of	O
land	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
central	O
model	O
zone	O
.	O


To	O
accelerate	O
construction	O
of	O
the	O
model	O
zones	O
,	O
Shandong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
totally	O
invested	O
capital	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
62	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
with	O
a	O
construction	O
area	O
reaching	O
218,000	B-QUANTITY
square	I-QUANTITY
meters	I-QUANTITY
.	O


The	O
model	O
zones	O
have	O
basically	O
implemented	O
the	O
four	B-CARDINAL
conveniences	O
of	O
water	O
,	O
electricity	O
,	O
roads	O
and	O
telecommunications	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zone	O
of	O
Zibo	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
in	O
the	B-GPE
Zhangdian	I-GPE
District	I-GPE
,	O
plan	O
to	O
establish	O
a	O
agricultural	O
scientific	O
research	O
training	O
institute	O
,	O
a	O
breeding	O
area	O
for	O
improved	O
agricultural	O
varieties	O
,	O
an	O
organic	O
vegetable	O
area	O
,	O
a	O
quality	O
orchard	O
,	O
the	O
fine	O
stock	O
breeding	O
farm	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


Not	O
only	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
advanced	O
domestic	O
agricultural	O
technologies	O
here	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
new	O
varieties	O
introduced	O
from	O
foreign	O
countries	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
have	O
promoted	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
a	I-CARDINAL
hundred	I-CARDINAL
new	O
agricultural	O
varieties	O
,	O
developed	O
23	B-CARDINAL
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
projects	O
entering	O
the	O
zone	O
,	O
and	O
reaped	O
better	O
economic	O
benefits	O
and	O
social	O
benefits	O
.	O


The	O
Weihai	B-GPE
agricultural	O
new	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zone	O
introduced	O
a	O
new	O
potato	O
variety	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
cultivation	O
and	O
breeding	O
,	O
has	O
provided	O
50,000	B-QUANTITY
kg	I-QUANTITY
of	O
potatoes	O
to	O
society	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


They	O
have	O
also	O
bred	O
200,000	B-CARDINAL
toxin	O
-	O
free	O
fruit	O
tree	O
nurseries	O
.	O


New	O
high	O
level	O
technology	O
development	O
and	O
model	O
zones	O
have	O
become	O
Shandong	B-GPE
's	O
agricultural	O
"	O
model	O
gardens	O
"	O
.	O


Many	O
peasants	O
often	O
come	O
here	O
to	O
learn	O
techniques	O
and	O
purchase	O
quality	O
varieties	O
.	O


The	O
modeling	O
and	O
leading	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
model	O
zones	O
have	O
become	O
larger	O
and	O
larger	O
.	O


Laiwu	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
has	O
established	O
a	O
detoxification	O
production	O
base	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
nursery	O
detoxification	O
on	O
traditional	O
products	O
such	O
as	O
shallot	O
,	O
ginger	O
and	O
garlic	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
detoxification	O
,	O
the	O
output	O
of	O
shallot	O
,	O
ginger	O
and	O
garlic	O
has	O
increased	O
more	O
than	O
doubled	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
,	O
September	B-DATE
1	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O
-LRB-	O
reporter	O
Xiaoguang	B-PERSON
Han	I-PERSON
-RRB-	O


Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
,	O
fully	O
utilizing	O
its	O
geographical	O
advantage	O
of	O
being	O
in	O
close	O
proximity	O
to	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
Macao	B-GPE
and	O
being	O
located	O
in	O
the	O
Asian	B-NORP
tropics	O
,	O
is	O
vigorously	O
developing	O
extroverted	O
agriculture	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
statistics	O
,	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
export	O
volume	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
agricultural	O
and	O
secondary	B-ORDINAL
products	O
and	O
processed	O
products	O
has	O
always	O
been	O
in	O
the	O
forefront	O
in	O
the	O
nation	O
.	O


Last	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
its	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
income	O
was	O
up	O
to	O
more	B-MONEY
than	I-MONEY
2.1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
exports	O
again	O
had	O
new	O
growth	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
countryside	O
of	O
southern	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
,	O
this	O
reporter	O
learned	O
that	O
vegetable	O
plots	O
have	O
an	O
abundance	O
of	O
green	O
and	O
lush	O
western	O
lettuce	O
,	O
western	O
celery	O
,	O
western	O
cauliflower	O
;	O
fish	O
ponds	O
have	O
an	O
abundance	O
of	O
vigorous	O
Californian	B-NORP
perch	O
,	O
whitish	O
pomfret	O
;	O
while	O
flower	O
farmers	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
lovely	O
western	O
flowers	O
such	O
as	O
Dutch	B-NORP
tulips	O
,	O
Belgium	B-NORP
azalea	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


Guangdong	B-GPE
farmers	O
who	O
have	O
tasted	O
the	O
sweetness	O
of	O
agriculture	O
that	O
earns	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
are	O
actively	O
bringing	O
in	O
and	O
carefully	O
cultivating	O
excellent	O
,	O
rare	O
,	O
famous	O
and	O
precious	O
varieties	O
.	O


Various	O
improved	O
domestic	O
and	O
foreign	O
varieties	O
of	O
flowers	O
,	O
fruits	O
,	O
trees	O
,	O
grasses	O
,	O
vegetables	O
,	O
fish	O
,	O
poultry	O
,	O
animals	O
,	O
etc.	O
are	O
successively	O
settling	O
down	O
in	O
Lingnan	B-GPE
.	O


According	O
to	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Agriculture	I-ORG
statistics	O
,	O
since	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
mid-80s	I-DATE
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
has	O
attracted	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
1100	I-CARDINAL
improved	O
species	O
of	O
foreign	O
animals	O
and	O
plants	O
,	O
among	O
which	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
300	I-CARDINAL
have	O
been	O
marketed	O
to	O
farmers	O
.	O


Various	O
regions	O
have	O
introduced	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
30,000	I-CARDINAL
sets	O
of	O
advanced	O
processing	O
equipment	O
and	O
technologies	O
,	O
and	O
expanded	O
agricultural	O
product	O
processing	O
capacity	O
.	O


Improvement	O
of	O
the	O
structure	O
of	O
the	O
varieties	O
strengthens	O
the	O
competitiveness	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
agricultural	O
products	O
in	O
the	O
international	O
market	O
,	O
and	O
economic	O
benefits	O
have	O
also	O
tremendously	O
increased	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
satisfy	O
the	O
requirements	O
of	O
the	O
continuously	O
expanding	O
overseas	O
markets	O
,	O
various	O
areas	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
have	O
adjusted	O
to	O
local	O
conditions	O
and	O
selected	O
famous	O
,	O
special	O
and	O
improved	O
varieties	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
built	O
up	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
2,000	I-CARDINAL
agricultural	O
export	O
merchandise	O
production	O
and	O
processing	O
bases	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
deficiencies	O
in	O
investment	O
funds	O
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
tried	O
every	O
possible	O
means	O
to	O
attract	O
foreign	O
capital	O
.	O


The	O
entire	O
province	O
has	O
actually	O
utilized	O
foreign	O
funds	O
of	O
nearly	B-MONEY
1	I-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
has	O
established	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
extroverted	O
agricultural	O
"	O
three	B-CARDINAL
capital	O
"	O
enterprises	O
which	O
combine	O
agriculture	O
,	O
industry	O
,	O
trade	O
and	O
technology	O
and	O
integrate	O
manufacturing	O
,	O
supply	O
and	O
marketing	O
,	O
and	O
through	O
foreign	O
merchants	O
sales	O
channels	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
also	O
expanded	O
its	O
export	O
of	O
agricultural	O
products	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
September	B-DATE
1st	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Liang	B-PERSON
Zhou	I-PERSON


China	B-GPE
's	O
down	O
and	O
down	O
products	O
industry	O
has	O
arisen	O
rapidly	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
ten	I-DATE
-	I-DATE
odd	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
and	O
has	O
now	O
become	O
an	O
important	O
component	O
of	O
light	O
industry	O
,	O
with	O
both	O
annual	O
export	O
volumes	O
and	O
export	O
values	O
accounting	O
for	O
half	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
total	O
volume	O
of	O
down	O
trade	O
,	O
and	O
being	O
well	O
received	O
in	O
the	O
international	O
down	O
market	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
's	O
down	O
and	O
down	O
products	O
industry	O
started	O
its	O
rapid	O
development	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
mid	I-DATE
'80s	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
entire	O
industry	O
makes	O
use	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
resources	O
and	O
manpower	O
advantage	O
,	O
and	O
additionally	O
stresses	O
introducing	O
advanced	O
foreign	O
technology	O
and	O
equipment	O
,	O
thus	O
increasing	O
production	O
volume	O
and	O
quality	O
by	O
a	O
large	O
margin	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
incomplete	O
statistics	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
currently	O
has	O
over	B-CARDINAL
3,000	I-CARDINAL
down	O
and	O
down	O
product	O
enterprises	O
,	O
among	O
which	O
,	O
those	O
above	O
scale	O
have	O
reached	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
600	I-CARDINAL
,	O
with	O
employed	O
staff	O
of	O
about	B-CARDINAL
300,000	I-CARDINAL
.	O


It	O
has	O
an	O
annual	O
production	O
capacity	O
of	O
50	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
down	O
products	O
with	O
a	O
total	O
annual	O
industrial	O
output	O
value	O
reaching	O
8	B-MONEY
billion	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
.	O


Through	O
more	B-DATE
than	I-DATE
ten	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
'	I-DATE
market	O
development	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
has	O
now	O
become	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
main	O
down	O
manufacturing	O
country	O
and	O
down	O
products	O
export	O
country	O
,	O
annually	O
exporting	O
nearly	B-QUANTITY
30,000	I-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
down	O
and	O
over	B-CARDINAL
20	I-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
down	O
products	O
,	O
with	O
earned	O
foreign	O
exchange	O
reaching	O
820	B-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
including	O
down	O
clothing	O
export	O
values	O
accounting	O
for	O
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
50	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
total	O
industry	O
export	O
values	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
presentations	O
,	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
down	O
industry	O
products	O
has	O
shown	O
a	O
trend	O
of	O
stable	O
increase	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
country	O
selectively	O
examined	O
56	B-CARDINAL
down	O
clothing	O
enterprises	O
,	O
and	O
products	O
of	O
47	B-CARDINAL
enterprises	O
passed	O
completely	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
84	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


In	O
market	O
competition	O
,	O
products	O
such	O
as	O
Jiangxi	B-GPE
's	O
Yaya	B-ORG
brand	O
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
's	O
Yililan	B-ORG
brand	O
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
Galanz	B-ORG
brand	O
,	O
and	O
Sichuan	B-GPE
's	O
Tian'ge	B-ORG
brand	O
,	O
etc.	O
have	O
great	O
reputations	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
August	B-DATE
31	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
wire	O


Israel	B-GPE
's	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
,	B-PERSON
Shimon	I-PERSON
Peres	I-PERSON
,	I-PERSON
said	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
by	O
persevering	O
in	O
going	O
its	O
own	O
way	O
,	O
and	O
concentrating	O
its	O
efforts	O
on	O
conquering	O
poverty	O
set	O
an	O
example	O
for	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
every	O
country	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
.	O


This	O
is	O
what	O
Peres	B-PERSON
said	O
in	O
the	O
preface	O
he	O
composed	O
especially	O
for	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
edition	O
of	O
his	O
just	O
published	O
new	O
work	O
"	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
New	I-WORK_OF_ART
Middle	I-WORK_OF_ART
East	I-WORK_OF_ART
.	O
"	O


Peres	B-PERSON
said	O
:	O
"	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
Israel	B-GPE
are	O
at	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
ends	O
of	O
Asia	B-LOC
,	O
separated	O
by	O
'	O
ten	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
crags	O
and	O
torrents	O
.	O
'	O


Yet	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
our	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
nevertheless	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
one	O
another	O
.	O


The	O
great	O
Chinese	B-NORP
people	O
offered	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
cultural	O
riches	O
on	O
the	O
spiritual	O
plane	O
and	O
material	O
plane	O
.	O


If	O
these	O
riches	O
did	O
n't	O
exist	O
,	O
people	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
describe	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
history	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
said	O
in	O
addition	O
:	O
"	O
We	O
who	O
live	O
in	O
western	O
Asia	B-LOC
are	O
gazing	O
at	O
the	O
east	O
with	O
a	O
look	O
of	O
hope	O
and	O
reverence	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
has	O
already	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
the	O
entire	O
world	O
that	O
the	O
strategy	O
for	O
resolving	O
the	O
question	O
of	O
poverty	O
in	O
society	O
lies	O
in	O
carrying	O
out	O
a	O
plan	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
reasoned	O
out	O
and	O
in	O
concentrating	O
strength	O
towards	O
a	O
task	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
reasonable	O
hope	O
of	O
success	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
still	O
believes	O
in	O
the	O
path	O
that	O
it	O
itself	O
has	O
specified	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
past	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
yielded	O
to	O
any	O
pressure	O
from	O
outside	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
it	O
still	O
unswervingly	O
defends	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
determine	O
its	O
own	O
future	O
for	O
itself	O
.	O
"	O


The	O
book	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
New	I-WORK_OF_ART
Middle	I-WORK_OF_ART
East	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
originally	O
was	O
published	O
as	O
an	O
English	B-LANGUAGE
edition	O
around	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
autumn	I-DATE
last	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
author	O
starts	O
the	O
discussion	O
from	O
September	B-DATE
of	I-DATE
that	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
with	O
Israel	B-GPE
's	O
signing	O
the	B-LAW
Declaration	I-LAW
of	I-LAW
Principles	I-LAW
of	I-LAW
Palestinian	I-LAW
Autonomy	I-LAW
with	I-LAW
the	I-LAW
Palestine	I-LAW
Liberation	I-LAW
Organization	I-LAW
,	O
and	O
looks	O
back	O
at	O
the	O
complex	O
struggles	O
of	O
the	B-LOC
Middle	I-LOC
East	I-LOC
over	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
hundred	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
especially	O
the	B-DATE
most	I-DATE
recent	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
.	O


He	O
expresses	O
his	O
views	O
on	O
building	O
a	O
new	O
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
preface	O
to	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
edition	O
,	O
Peres	B-PERSON
says	O
that	O
the	O
leaders	O
of	O
every	O
country	O
must	O
have	O
vision	O
,	O
relinquish	O
old	O
grudges	O
,	O
and	O
create	O
peace	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
"	O
challenges	O
of	O
tomorrow	O
.	O
"	O


He	O
points	O
out	O
,	O
"	O
At	O
a	O
time	O
when	O
we	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
threshold	O
of	O
the	B-DATE
21st	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
,	O
warfare	O
no	O
longer	O
has	O
any	O
use	O
.	O


The	O
important	O
problems	O
we	O
are	O
up	O
against	O
are	O
how	O
to	O
conquer	O
poverty	O
and	O
scarcity	O
.	O
"	O


To	O
do	O
this	O
,	O
he	O
emphasized	O
,	O
"	O
We	O
must	O
control	O
the	O
desert	O
that	O
is	O
day	O
-	O
by	O
-	O
day	O
eroding	O
arable	O
land	O
,	O
develop	O
new	O
sources	O
of	O
water	O
,	O
and	O
carry	O
out	O
new	O
engineering	O
projects	O
.	O
"	O


Peres	B-PERSON
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
these	O
goals	O
are	O
not	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
realized	O
easily	O
.	O


They	O
require	O
a	O
sensible	O
attitude	O
and	O
a	O
dedicated	O
spirit	O
.	O


He	O
observed	O
,	O
"	O
China	B-GPE
has	O
already	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
conquer	O
poverty	O
and	O
the	O
misery	O
that	O
generations	O
of	O
people	O
have	O
suffered	O
.	O


We	O
hope	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
becomes	O
a	O
model	O
that	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
all	O
Middle	B-NORP
Eastern	I-NORP
countries	O
,	O
including	O
both	O
Israelis	B-NORP
and	O
Arabs	B-NORP
,	O
can	O
imitate	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
that	O
we	O
walk	O
together	O
heading	O
towards	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


The	O
Chinese	B-NORP
edition	O
of	O
the	O
book	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
New	I-WORK_OF_ART
Middle	I-WORK_OF_ART
East	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
has	O
already	O
recently	O
been	O
published	O
and	O
distributed	O
through	O
Xinhua	B-ORG
Publishing	I-ORG
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
,	O
September	B-DATE
1st	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Wei	B-PERSON
Zhao	I-PERSON


In	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
exerted	O
itself	O
to	O
explore	O
new	O
ways	O
of	O
attracting	O
talent	O
under	O
market	O
economy	O
conditions	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
active	O
in	O
using	O
market	O
mechanisms	O
to	O
allocate	O
resources	O
of	O
talent	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
achieved	O
preliminary	O
results	O
.	O


"	O
Taking	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
step	O
"	O
in	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
reform	O
and	O
opening	O
up	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
1980's	I-DATE
was	O
closely	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
situation	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
Peafowl	B-WORK_OF_ART
Flying	I-WORK_OF_ART
Towards	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
Southeast	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	O
-LRB-	O
human	O
talents	O
from	O
all	O
over	O
,	O
one	O
after	O
another	O
,	O
going	O
to	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O


With	O
the	O
overall	O
opening	O
up	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
coastal	O
areas	O
,	O
frontier	O
areas	O
,	O
riverside	O
areas	O
and	O
capital	O
cities	O
of	O
every	O
province	O
since	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
1990's	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
talent	O
tends	O
to	O
be	O
multi-directional	O
and	O
the	O
competition	O
has	O
become	O
increasingly	O
fierce	O
.	O


Further	O
enhancing	O
the	O
attraction	O
to	O
talented	O
persons	O
has	O
become	O
the	O
key	O
point	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
further	O
development	O
.	O


Limo	B-PERSON
Qin	I-PERSON
,	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Talent	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
Center	I-ORG
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
done	O
analysis	O
and	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
the	O
economic	O
development	O
rate	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
in	O
1993	B-DATE
was	O
at	O
an	O
intermediate	O
level	O
of	O
that	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
recent	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
that	O
year	O
it	O
introduced	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
100,000	I-CARDINAL
talented	O
persons	O
of	O
various	O
types	O
.	O


Developing	O
at	O
this	O
rate	O
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
ten	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
not	O
including	O
graduates	O
from	O
higher	O
education	O
institutes	O
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
talent	O
gap	O
is	O
conservatively	O
estimated	O
to	O
surpass	O
1	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
further	O
opening	O
minds	O
and	O
introducing	O
talent	O
are	O
guidelines	O
of	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
policy	O
regarding	O
talented	O
people	O
.	O
"	O


In	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
climaxes	O
in	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
's	O
talent	O
market	O
.	O


Each	O
year	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
several	O
large	O
-	O
scale	O
talent	O
employment	O
fairs	O
whose	O
service	O
for	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
1000	I-CARDINAL
employers	O
and	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
10,000	I-CARDINAL
applicants	O
lasts	O
for	O
more	B-DATE
than	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
month	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
whole	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1993	I-DATE
,	O
talent	O
exchange	O
centers	O
of	O
personnel	O
departments	O
across	O
the	O
province	O
registered	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
463,000	I-CARDINAL
people	O
applying	O
for	O
jobs	O
.	O


There	O
were	O
62,000	B-CARDINAL
people	O
with	O
documents	O
of	O
transfer	O
or	O
employment	O
processed	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
45.8	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
had	O
intermediate	O
or	O
advanced	O
level	O
titles	O
of	O
specialty	O
or	O
profession	O
,	O
and	O
78	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
had	O
an	O
undergraduate	O
or	O
higher	O
degree	O
.	O


Talent	O
introduction	O
departments	O
also	O
actively	O
went	O
out	O
visiting	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
management	O
talent	O
.	O


Fourteen	B-CARDINAL
cities	O
such	O
as	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
,	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
,	O
etc.	O
went	O
to	O
Beijing	B-GPE
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
national	O
talent	O
and	O
technology	O
exchange	O
fair	O
,	O
where	O
they	O
established	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
100	B-CARDINAL
employment	O
booths	O
.	O


At	O
the	B-DATE
beginning	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
1993	I-DATE
,	O
six	B-CARDINAL
cities	O
such	O
as	O
Zhuhai	B-GPE
,	O
Foshan	B-GPE
,	O
etc.	O
also	O
organized	O
a	O
delegation	O
to	O
advertise	O
in	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
and	O
Canada	B-GPE
for	O
students	O
studying	O
abroad	O
.	O


1006	B-CARDINAL
students	O
abroad	O
filled	O
out	O
application	O
forms	O
,	O
and	O
quite	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
have	O
successively	O
returned	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
to	O
take	O
jobs	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
talent	O
market	O
is	O
also	O
accelerating	O
.	O


Since	B-DATE
1991	I-DATE
when	O
Shenzhen	B-GPE
established	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
standing	O
talent	O
market	O
,	O
such	O
"	O
all	O
-	O
weather	O
"	O
talent	O
exchange	O
organizations	O
have	O
rapidly	O
spread	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Zhujiang	I-LOC
Delta	I-LOC
and	O
all	O
cities	O
within	O
the	O
province	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
fifteen	B-CARDINAL
cities	O
with	O
relatively	O
more	O
advanced	O
economies	O
in	O
the	O
province	O
having	O
built	O
up	O
regular	O
markets	O
.	O


In	O
order	O
to	O
further	O
enhance	O
the	O
attraction	O
of	O
talent	O
,	O
to	O
break	O
through	O
the	O
barrier	O
of	O
"	O
departmental	O
ownership	O
"	O
of	O
talent	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
talent	O
by	O
forming	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
independent	O
employment	O
and	O
job	O
choice	O
,	O
Guangdong	B-GPE
Province	I-GPE
has	O
also	O
paid	O
greater	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
formulation	O
of	O
relevant	O
policies	O
and	O
regulations	O
.	O


Limo	B-PERSON
Qin	I-PERSON
said	O
in	O
his	O
introduction	O
that	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
the	O
provincial	O
government	O
has	O
successively	O
issued	O
documents	O
such	O
as	O
"	B-LAW
Temporary	I-LAW
regulations	I-LAW
on	I-LAW
encouraging	I-LAW
persons	I-LAW
studying	I-LAW
abroad	I-LAW
to	I-LAW
work	I-LAW
in	I-LAW
Guangdong	I-LAW
"	I-LAW
,	O
"	B-LAW
Notices	I-LAW
on	I-LAW
better	I-LAW
advertising	I-LAW
for	I-LAW
talent	I-LAW
"	I-LAW
,	O
etc	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
soon	O
promulgate	O
documents	O
such	O
as	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
Detailed	I-WORK_OF_ART
rules	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	I-WORK_OF_ART
implementing	I-WORK_OF_ART
temporary	I-WORK_OF_ART
regulations	I-WORK_OF_ART
on	I-WORK_OF_ART
resignations	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
specialists	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	I-WORK_OF_ART
technicians	I-WORK_OF_ART
and	I-WORK_OF_ART
managers	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
state	I-WORK_OF_ART
-	I-WORK_OF_ART
owned	I-WORK_OF_ART
units	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
and	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
Supplementary	I-WORK_OF_ART
regulations	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
Guangdong	I-WORK_OF_ART
Province	I-WORK_OF_ART
on	I-WORK_OF_ART
the	I-WORK_OF_ART
management	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
Chinese	I-WORK_OF_ART
side	I-WORK_OF_ART
cadres	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
foreign	I-WORK_OF_ART
investment	I-WORK_OF_ART
enterprises	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
etc	O
.	O


Additionally	O
,	O
some	O
new	O
methods	O
in	O
inviting	O
and	O
managing	O
talent	O
have	O
been	O
being	O
tried	O
in	O
various	O
regions	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
September	B-DATE
1st	I-DATE


At	O
the	O
press	O
conference	O
held	O
this	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
,	O
Guofang	B-PERSON
Shen	I-PERSON
,	O
spokesman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
,	O
answered	O
reporters	O
'	O
questions	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
issue	O
of	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
and	O
concerning	O
the	O
"	O
1995	B-DATE
financial	O
year	O
overseas	O
activities	O
fund	O
appropriation	O
act	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
etc	O
.	O


A	O
reporter	O
asked	O
:	O
the	B-ORG
Standing	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
National	I-ORG
People	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Congress	I-ORG
had	O
passed	O
a	O
resolution	O
regarding	O
"	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
tiered	O
administrative	O
system	O
of	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
will	O
operate	O
until	O
June	B-DATE
30th	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1997	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
then	O
cease	O
.	O
"	O
;	O


Then	O
,	O
what	O
will	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
level	O
Chinese	B-NORP
restructured	O
administrative	O
system	O
be	O
like	O
?	O


And	O
when	O
does	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
side	O
plan	O
to	O
set	O
about	O
preparing	O
to	O
construct	O
this	O
system	O
?	O


Guofang	B-PERSON
Shen	I-PERSON
said	O
that	O
the	O
HK	B-GPE
-	O
UK	B-GPE
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
level	O
administrative	O
system	O
,	O
namely	O
the	O
last	O
HK	B-GPE
-	O
UK	B-GPE
legislative	O
council	O
,	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
municipal	O
departments	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
district	O
parliament	O
will	O
only	O
exist	O
till	O
June	B-DATE
30th	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1997	I-DATE
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
inevitable	O
outcome	O
of	O
the	O
UK	B-GPE
terminating	O
its	O
rule	O
over	O
Hong	B-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
at	O
the	O
designated	O
time	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
government	O
has	O
repeatedly	O
stated	O
that	O
the	B-GPE
Hong	I-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
Special	I-GPE
Administrative	I-GPE
Region	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
first	B-ORDINAL
legislative	O
assembly	O
and	O
regional	O
organizations	O
will	O
be	O
formed	O
according	O
to	O
the	B-LAW
Basic	I-LAW
Law	I-LAW
and	O
relevant	O
resolutions	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
People	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Congress	I-ORG
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Preparatory	I-ORG
Work	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
of	O
the	B-ORG
Preparatory	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
of	O
the	B-GPE
Hong	I-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
Special	I-GPE
Administrative	I-GPE
Region	I-GPE
is	O
studying	O
relevant	O
specific	O
issues	O
on	O
forming	O
the	B-GPE
Hong	I-GPE
Kong	I-GPE
Special	I-GPE
Administrative	I-GPE
Region	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
first	B-ORDINAL
legislative	O
assembly	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
submit	O
suggestions	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Preparatory	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
that	O
will	O
be	O
established	O
in	O
1996	B-DATE
.	O


A	O
reporter	O
asked	O
:	O
on	O
August	B-DATE
23rd	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
president	O
signed	O
the	O
"	O
1995	B-DATE
financial	B-LAW
year	I-LAW
overseas	I-LAW
activities	I-LAW
fund	I-LAW
appropriation	I-LAW
act	I-LAW
"	O
in	O
which	O
it	O
is	O
stipulated	O
that	O
any	O
donation	O
made	O
by	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
to	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
population	O
fund	O
must	O
not	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


What	O
is	O
your	O
opinion	O
of	O
this	O
?	O


Guofang	B-PERSON
Shen	I-PERSON
said	O
that	O
this	O
bill	O
is	O
a	O
bill	O
carrying	O
political	O
discrimination	O
and	O
extremely	O
unfriendly	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
is	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
family	O
planning	O
policy	O
,	O
has	O
seriously	O
violated	O
the	O
mission	O
and	O
principles	O
of	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
charter	O
,	O
and	O
sets	O
a	O
very	O
bad	O
precedent	O
for	O
the	O
provision	O
of	O
aid	O
to	O
multi-lateral	O
organizations	O
of	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
.	O


He	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
"	O
we	O
resolutely	O
oppose	O
any	O
country	O
providing	O
donations	O
with	O
attached	O
conditions	O
to	O
the	O
population	O
fund	O
.	O


We	O
do	O
not	O
hope	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
the	O
UN	B-ORG
population	O
fund	O
receiving	O
interference	O
or	O
even	O
being	O
diverted	O
from	O
its	O
principles	O
and	O
mission	O
due	O
to	O
pressure	O
from	O
the	O
US	B-ORG
.	O
"	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
August	B-DATE
31st	I-DATE


This	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
,	O
vice	O
premier	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
and	O
Foreign	O
Affairs	B-ORG
Minister	I-ORG
Qichen	B-PERSON
Qian	I-PERSON
met	O
here	O
individually	O
with	O
former	O
French	B-NORP
Prime	O
Minister	O
Raymond	B-PERSON
Barre	I-PERSON
and	O
vice	O
Foreign	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Minister	O
of	O
Paraguay	B-GPE
East	I-GPE
Coast	I-GPE
Republic	I-GPE
Hershy	B-PERSON
Maria	I-PERSON
Carmel	I-PERSON
.	O


Qichen	B-PERSON
Qian	I-PERSON
told	O
the	O
French	B-NORP
guest	O
that	O
France	B-GPE
is	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
big	O
western	O
country	O
to	O
establish	O
diplomatic	O
relations	O
with	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
that	O
over	B-DATE
the	I-DATE
past	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
since	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
diplomatic	O
relations	O
between	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
France	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
bilateral	O
relations	O
has	O
been	O
satisfactory	O
overall	O
despite	O
some	O
complications	O
.	O


He	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
regardless	O
of	O
whatever	O
major	O
changes	O
happen	O
in	O
the	O
international	O
situation	O
,	O
maintaining	O
friendly	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
,	O
namely	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
France	B-GPE
,	O
will	O
always	O
be	O
important	O
for	O
the	O
peace	O
,	O
stability	O
and	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


Both	O
sides	O
also	O
exchanged	O
views	O
on	O
relevant	O
problems	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
security	O
situation	O
and	O
economic	O
development	O
in	O
Asia	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
unification	O
of	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
etc	O
.	O


Barre	B-PERSON
hoped	O
that	O
Franco	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
Chinese	I-NORP
relations	O
would	O
achieve	O
further	O
development	O
and	O
strengthening	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
expressed	O
that	O
France	B-GPE
,	O
using	O
its	O
dominant	O
position	O
,	O
was	O
willing	O
to	O
more	O
actively	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
economic	O
build	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


President	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
Shuqin	B-PERSON
Liu	I-PERSON
was	O
also	O
present	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
.	O


Barre	B-PERSON
and	O
his	O
entourage	O
arrived	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
on	O
the	B-DATE
30th	I-DATE
at	O
the	O
invitation	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Institute	I-ORG
.	O


They	O
will	O
also	O
go	O
to	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
for	O
a	O
visit	O
.	O


In	O
his	O
meeting	O
with	O
the	O
Uruguayan	B-NORP
guests	O
,	O
Qichen	B-PERSON
Qian	I-PERSON
expressed	O
welcome	O
over	O
the	O
visit	O
by	O
vice	O
Foreign	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Minister	O
Kamyao	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
political	O
consultations	O
in	O
progress	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
that	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
more	I-DATE
than	I-DATE
six	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
since	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
diplomatic	O
relations	O
between	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
Uruguay	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
friendly	O
co-operative	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
had	O
continued	O
its	O
steady	O
development	O
.	O


Uruguay	B-GPE
is	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
countries	O
in	O
the	B-LOC
Latin	I-LOC
American	I-LOC
region	I-LOC
to	O
develop	O
trade	O
with	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
bilateral	O
trade	O
development	O
has	O
been	O
relatively	O
rapid	O
.	O


Currently	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
the	O
largest	O
buyer	O
of	O
Uruguayan	B-NORP
wool	O
.	O


He	O
hoped	O
that	O
henceforth	O
,	O
both	O
countries	O
'	O
co-operation	O
and	O
interaction	O
in	O
economics	O
,	O
trade	O
and	O
technology	O
would	O
further	O
expand	O
and	O
develop	O
.	O


Qichen	B-PERSON
Qian	I-PERSON
expressed	O
his	O
gratitude	O
towards	O
the	O
support	O
Uruguay	B-GPE
has	O
given	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
in	O
international	O
affairs	O
,	O
and	O
expressed	O
commendation	O
over	O
Uruguay	B-GPE
government	O
's	O
position	O
of	O
persisting	O
in	O
their	O
one	B-CARDINAL
-	O
China	B-GPE
stance	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
Latin	B-LOC
America	I-LOC
was	O
a	O
continent	O
filled	O
with	O
hopes	O
,	O
and	O
possessed	O
huge	O
development	O
potential	O
.	O


In	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
Latin	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
economy	O
has	O
steadily	O
grown	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
provided	O
good	O
conditions	O
for	O
further	O
strengthening	O
economic	O
and	O
trade	O
co-operation	O
between	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
Latin	B-LOC
America	I-LOC
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
puts	O
great	O
importance	O
on	O
strengthening	O
friendly	O
co-operative	O
relations	O
with	O
countries	O
of	O
the	O
southern	O
common	O
market	O
,	O
including	O
Uruguay	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
other	O
Latin	B-NORP
American	I-NORP
countries	O
.	O


Kamyao	B-PERSON
expressed	O
,	O
Uruguay	B-GPE
puts	O
great	O
importance	O
on	O
developing	O
relations	O
with	O
China	B-GPE
in	O
areas	O
such	O
as	O
economics	O
,	O
trade	O
,	O
science	O
,	O
technology	O
,	O
culture	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
early	I-DATE
70's	I-DATE
China	B-GPE
recovered	O
a	O
legal	O
seat	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
major	O
development	O
in	O
the	O
affairs	O
of	O
United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
.	O


Uruguay	B-GPE
highly	O
commended	O
China	B-GPE
on	O
playing	O
an	O
increasingly	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
international	O
affairs	O
,	O
especially	O
the	O
active	O
role	O
taken	O
in	O
building	O
a	O
new	O
political	O
and	O
economic	O
world	O
order	O
.	O


Uruguay	B-GPE
resolutely	O
supports	O
the	O
recovery	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
status	O
as	O
a	O
signatory	O
country	O
of	O
GATT	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
believes	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
make	O
active	O
contributions	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
World	B-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Organization	I-ORG
.	O


This	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
,	O
Kamyao	B-PERSON
represented	O
the	O
Paraguay	B-GPE
government	O
in	O
presenting	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
Weaving	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
with	O
17	B-QUANTITY
tons	I-QUANTITY
of	O
wool	O
for	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
scientific	O
research	O
by	O
relevant	O
Chinese	B-NORP
departments	O
,	O
scientific	O
research	O
organizations	O
and	O
other	O
high	O
level	O
institutes	O
.	O


Vice	O
Foreign	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Minister	O
Huaqiu	B-PERSON
Liu	I-PERSON
held	O
talks	O
with	O
Kamyao	B-PERSON
here	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
29th	I-DATE
.	O


Both	O
parties	O
exchanged	O
opinions	O
in	O
depth	O
regarding	O
further	O
developing	O
bilateral	O
relations	O
and	O
also	O
international	O
and	O
regional	O
problems	O
that	O
were	O
of	O
common	O
concern	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
achieved	O
widespread	O
agreement	O
.	O


Kamyao	B-PERSON
and	O
his	O
entourage	O
,	O
were	O
invited	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
for	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
arrived	O
on	O
August	B-DATE
29th	I-DATE
to	O
carry	O
out	O
political	O
consultations	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
countries	O
'	O
foreign	O
affair	O
ministries	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
also	O
go	O
to	O
Hangzhou	B-GPE
for	O
a	O
visit	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Beijing	B-GPE
,	O
August	B-DATE
31st	I-DATE


The	O
main	O
Bureau	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
recently	O
issued	O
an	O
announcement	O
that	O
Customs	B-ORG
would	O
implement	O
protective	O
measures	O
for	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
at	O
border	O
entry	O
and	O
exit	O
junctions	O
starting	O
on	O
September	B-DATE
15th	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
1994	I-DATE
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
currently	O
implemented	O
related	O
laws	O
and	O
the	O
"	O
decision	O
regarding	O
the	O
further	O
strengthening	O
of	O
work	O
protecting	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
"	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
State	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
.	O


The	O
announcement	O
clearly	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
goods	O
violating	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
,	O
including	O
exclusive	O
rights	O
of	O
trademarks	O
,	O
copyrights	O
and	O
patent	O
rights	O
,	O
were	O
not	O
allowed	O
to	O
be	O
imported	O
or	O
exported	O
;	O
when	O
Customs	B-ORG
discovers	O
the	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
of	O
goods	O
that	O
are	O
reported	O
as	O
violating	O
rights	O
and	O
other	O
goods	O
that	O
were	O
suspected	O
of	O
violating	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
ask	O
the	O
people	O
importing	O
and	O
exporting	O
the	O
goods	O
to	O
provide	O
legal	O
proof	O
of	O
use	O
of	O
related	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
and	O
make	O
additional	O
reports	O
to	O
Customs	B-ORG
about	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
the	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
of	O
goods	O
.	O


Customs	B-ORG
is	O
entitled	O
to	O
reject	O
shipments	O
of	O
goods	O
that	O
can	O
not	O
provide	O
legal	O
proof	O
;	O
for	O
importing	O
and	O
exporting	O
laser	O
discs	O
,	O
laser	O
video	O
discs	O
and	O
importing	O
laser	O
disc	O
molds	O
and	O
materials	O
and	O
laser	O
videos	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
processing	O
trade	O
,	O
the	O
consignors	O
and	O
consignees	O
shall	O
complete	O
Customs	B-ORG
formalities	O
based	O
on	O
relevant	O
regulations	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
and	O
proof	O
of	O
approval	O
issued	O
by	O
relevant	O
departments	O
concerned	O
with	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
products	O
;	O
when	O
importing	O
and	O
exporting	O
goods	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
consignors	O
and	O
consignees	O
falsify	O
conditions	O
of	O
the	O
property	O
rights	O
of	O
the	O
goods	O
,	O
evade	O
supervision	O
of	O
Customs	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
smuggle	O
goods	O
that	O
violate	O
rights	O
,	O
Customs	B-ORG
will	O
handle	O
them	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
relevant	O
regulations	O
.	O


The	O
announcement	O
also	O
made	O
some	O
stipulations	O
about	O
the	O
rights	O
,	O
responsibilities	O
and	O
obligations	O
of	O
the	O
owners	O
of	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
.	O


The	O
owners	O
of	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
who	O
are	O
protected	O
by	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
law	O
can	O
report	O
to	O
local	O
Customs	B-ORG
when	O
they	O
discover	O
that	O
goods	O
that	O
violate	O
their	O
rights	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
imported	O
or	O
exported	O
.	O


Based	O
on	O
rights	O
certificates	O
of	O
the	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
-LRB-	O
for	O
example	O
certificates	O
of	O
registration	O
of	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
or	O
samples	O
of	O
the	O
works	O
that	O
are	O
copyrighted	O
and	O
related	O
materials	O
sufficient	O
to	O
prove	O
their	O
rights	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
report	O
to	O
Custom	B-ORG
locations	O
where	O
the	O
relevant	O
goods	O
are	O
imported	O
or	O
exported	O
and	O
also	O
request	O
Customs	B-ORG
to	O
investigate	O
and	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
import	O
and	O
export	O
of	O
goods	O
that	O
violate	O
.	O


Owners	O
of	O
intellectual	O
property	O
rights	O
,	O
when	O
requesting	O
Customs	B-ORG
to	O
investigate	O
and	O
deal	O
with	O
goods	O
that	O
violate	O
rights	O
,	O
should	O
bear	O
responsibility	O
for	O
reporting	O
,	O
assist	O
Customs	B-ORG
to	O
develop	O
investigation	O
work	O
and	O
pay	O
the	O
appraisal	O
and	O
investigation	O
of	O
the	O
related	O
goods	O
and	O
other	O
related	O
expenses	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
,	O
August	B-DATE
31st	I-DATE
,	O
by	O
reporter	O
Jierong	B-PERSON
Zhou	I-PERSON


US	B-GPE
Commerce	O
Secretary	O
Brown	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
is	O
visiting	O
China	B-GPE
now	O
,	O
said	O
here	O
today	B-DATE
that	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
is	O
a	O
city	O
whose	O
economy	O
is	O
rapidly	O
developing	O
.	O


The	O
US	B-GPE
commercial	O
sector	O
is	O
very	O
interested	O
in	O
building	O
a	O
good	O
relationship	O
with	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
.	O


Brown	B-PERSON
expressed	O
that	O
,	O
both	O
sides	O
could	O
achieve	O
further	O
co-operation	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
transportation	O
,	O
telecommunication	O
,	O
power	O
generation	O
,	O
financial	O
services	O
etc	O
.	O


Brown	B-PERSON
arrived	O
in	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
from	O
Beijing	B-GPE
late	B-TIME
last	I-TIME
night	I-TIME
.	O


Today	B-DATE
,	O
Brown	B-PERSON
separately	O
attended	O
the	O
signing	O
of	O
a	O
20	B-DATE
-	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
joint	O
investment	O
agreement	O
between	O
a	O
world	O
famous	O
power	O
plant	O
equipment	O
manufacturer	O
--	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
's	O
Westinghouse	B-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
;	O
and	O
the	O
signing	O
of	O
a	O
joint	O
investment	O
agreement	O
between	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
's	O
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Electricity	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
to	O
jointly	O
invest	O
in	O
and	O
establish	O
a	O
combustible	O
engine	O
electric	O
power	O
generation	O
company	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
reported	O
that	O
,	O
the	O
joint	O
-	O
investment	O
agreement	O
between	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
Westinghouse	B-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Group	I-ORG
included	O
the	O
joint	O
manufacture	O
of	O
key	O
components	O
of	O
300,000	B-QUANTITY
kW	I-QUANTITY
thermal	O
power	O
generating	O
units	O
,	O
and	O
simultaneously	O
expanding	O
co-operation	O
in	O
various	O
areas	O
of	O
600,000	B-QUANTITY
kW	I-QUANTITY
units	O
.	O


Co-operation	O
between	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
General	B-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
included	O
investment	O
in	O
building	O
4	B-CARDINAL
sets	O
of	O
100,000	B-QUANTITY
kW	I-QUANTITY
class	O
turbine	O
generating	O
units	O
.	O


This	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
,	O
Brown	B-PERSON
also	O
visited	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
AMP	B-ORG
Linking	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Ltd.	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
was	O
jointly	O
invested	O
and	O
built	O
by	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Electric	I-ORG
Component	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
AMP	B-ORG
China	I-ORG
Limited	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
,	O
situated	O
in	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
Caohejing	B-LOC
high	O
-	O
tech	O
development	O
district	O
.	O


He	O
also	O
cut	O
the	O
ribbon	O
for	O
the	O
sixth	O
US	B-GPE
Boeing	B-PRODUCT
aircraft	I-PRODUCT
,	O
which	O
was	O
introduced	O
by	O
Shanghai	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
.	O


Committee	O
member	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
CCP	I-ORG
Central	I-ORG
Politburo	I-ORG
,	O
and	O
Secretary	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Shanghai	I-ORG
Municipal	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
Bangguo	B-PERSON
Wu	I-PERSON
met	O
with	O
Brown	B-PERSON
this	B-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
and	O
introduced	O
the	O
progress	O
and	O
development	O
prospects	O
of	O
reforms	O
and	O
opening	O
up	O
in	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
.	O


Brown	B-PERSON
and	O
his	O
delegation	O
left	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
for	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
tonight	B-TIME
.	O


The	O
representative	O
to	O
Shanghai	B-GPE
's	O
Mayor	O
,	O
and	O
Municipal	B-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Economic	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Trade	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
Director	O
,	O
Zukang	B-PERSON
Wang	I-PERSON
went	O
to	O
the	O
airport	O
to	O
escort	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
guests	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


The	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
cause	O
has	O
undergone	O
the	O
several	O
stages	O
of	O
conceptualization	O
,	O
growth	O
and	O
expansion	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
currently	O
rising	O
.	O


The	O
holding	O
of	O
the	O
6th	B-ORDINAL
Far	B-EVENT
East	I-EVENT
and	I-EVENT
South	I-EVENT
Pacific	I-EVENT
Disabled	I-EVENT
Games	I-EVENT
will	O
provide	O
more	O
impetus	O
for	O
this	O
trend	O
.	O


Each	O
development	O
step	O
of	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
separated	O
from	O
the	O
concern	O
and	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
Party	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
government	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
People	I-GPE
's	I-GPE
Republic	I-GPE
of	I-GPE
China	I-GPE
,	O
social	O
welfare	O
services	O
and	O
schools	O
for	O
blind	O
children	O
and	O
deaf	O
people	O
were	O
established	O
successively	O
everywhere	O
.	O


Welfare	O
factories	O
developed	O
activities	O
such	O
as	O
broadcast	O
exercises	O
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
schools	O
established	O
physical	O
education	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
cause	O
for	O
the	O
disabled	O
,	O
disabled	O
sports	O
began	O
to	O
grow	O
.	O


Every	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
nation	O
allocates	O
special	O
funds	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
developing	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
activities	O
.	O


Nationwide	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
games	O
began	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
late	I-DATE
1950's	I-DATE
.	O


The	O
games	O
accelerated	O
improvement	O
and	O
drove	O
popularization	O
.	O


The	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
cause	O
has	O
gradually	O
grown	O
.	O


Since	O
the	O
reform	O
and	O
opening	O
up	O
,	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
economy	O
has	O
developed	O
rapidly	O
.	O


This	O
enabled	O
more	O
people	O
to	O
put	O
money	O
and	O
material	O
resource	O
into	O
the	O
disabled	O
sports	O
cause	O
.	O


In	O
the	B-DATE
short	I-DATE
10	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
the	O
cause	O
has	O
achieved	O
success	O
of	O
attention	O
from	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
abroad	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
reasonable	O
to	O
believe	O
that	O
the	O
disabled	O
cause	O
will	O
be	O
increasingly	O
recognized	O
and	O
supported	O
as	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
overall	O
national	O
strength	O
escalates	O
.	O


The	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
cause	O
will	O
also	O
have	O
broad	O
development	O
.	O


The	O
establishment	O
and	O
healthiness	O
of	O
disabled	O
sports	O
organizations	O
provide	O
organizational	O
assurance	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
sports	O
cause	O
for	O
handicapped	O
people	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Injured	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Disabled	I-ORG
People	I-ORG
Sports	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
renamed	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Disabled	I-ORG
Sports	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
in	O
1990	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
was	O
established	O
in	O
October	B-DATE
,	I-DATE
1983	I-DATE
.	O


After	O
this	O
a	O
succession	O
of	O
handicapped	O
sports	O
organizations	O
were	O
established	O
throughout	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
1985	B-DATE
,	O
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Mentally	I-ORG
Impaired	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Blind	I-ORG
Sports	I-ORG
Associations	I-ORG
were	O
also	O
established	O
.	O


Having	O
organization	O
and	O
leadership	O
,	O
activities	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
games	O
and	O
competitions	O
,	O
etc.	O
were	O
increasingly	O
and	O
frequently	O
held	O
.	O


The	O
enthusiasm	O
of	O
handicapped	O
people	O
participating	O
in	O
the	O
sports	O
activities	O
was	O
unprecedentedly	O
increasing	O
,	O
sports	O
levels	O
continually	O
improve	O
and	O
the	O
reserve	O
force	O
is	O
growing	O
.	O


Three	B-CARDINAL
National	B-EVENT
Disabled	I-EVENT
Games	I-EVENT
were	O
held	O
respectively	O
in	O
Hefei	B-GPE
,	O
Tangshan	B-GPE
and	O
Guangzhou	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
scale	O
became	O
larger	O
and	O
larger	O
and	O
the	O
level	O
became	O
higher	O
and	O
higher	O
.	O


The	O
games	O
have	O
received	O
more	O
broad	O
attention	O
and	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
public	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
attracted	O
more	O
disabled	O
people	O
to	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
events	O
.	O


Since	B-DATE
1984	I-DATE
the	B-ORG
Chinese	I-ORG
Disabled	I-ORG
Sports	I-ORG
Association	I-ORG
has	O
become	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
8	B-CARDINAL
international	O
disabled	O
sports	O
organizations	O
successively	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Para	I-ORG
Olympic	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
etc.	O
and	O
has	O
established	O
relations	O
with	O
disabled	O
sports	O
organizations	O
in	O
various	O
countries	O
and	O
areas	O
and	O
taken	O
part	O
in	O
international	O
events	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-EVENT
Special	I-EVENT
Olympic	I-EVENT
Games	I-EVENT
,	O
etc	O
.	O


In	O
competitions	O
and	O
contacts	O
,	O
disabled	O
Chinese	B-NORP
people	O
have	O
revealed	O
extraordinary	O
physical	O
abilities	O
,	O
achieved	O
excellent	O
results	O
,	O
enhanced	O
friendship	O
with	O
disabled	O
people	O
from	O
various	O
countries	O
and	O
areas	O
and	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
physical	O
activities	O
for	O
disabled	O
people	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


"	B-LAW
The	I-LAW
Guaranteed	I-LAW
Law	I-LAW
for	I-LAW
Disabled	I-LAW
Persons	I-LAW
in	I-LAW
the	I-LAW
People	I-LAW
's	I-LAW
Republic	I-LAW
of	I-LAW
China	I-LAW
"	I-LAW
,	O
which	O
was	O
drafted	O
and	O
implemented	O
in	O
1991	B-DATE
,	O
stipulates	O
to	O
organize	O
and	O
support	O
disabled	O
people	O
to	O
develop	O
mass	O
sports	O
activities	O
,	O
to	O
hold	O
special	O
games	O
and	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
important	O
international	O
competitions	O
and	O
communication	O
.	O


The	O
guarantee	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
has	O
and	O
will	O
continue	O
to	O
boost	O
the	O
vigorous	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
sports	O
cause	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
disabled	O
.	O


Holding	O
the	O
6th	B-ORDINAL
Asia	B-EVENT
-	I-EVENT
Pacific	I-EVENT
Special	I-EVENT
Olympic	I-EVENT
Games	I-EVENT
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
will	O
motivate	O
all	O
of	O
society	O
to	O
better	O
understand	O
and	O
support	O
disabled	O
sports	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
make	O
the	O
public	O
more	O
conscious	O
of	O
helping	O
disabled	O
people	O
and	O
encourage	O
more	O
disabled	O
people	O
to	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
physical	O
activities	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
greatly	O
assist	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
sports	O
cause	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
disabled	O
.	O


Truly	O
,	O
the	O
foundation	O
of	O
disabled	O
sports	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
not	O
very	O
strong	O
,	O
popularization	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
widespread	O
,	O
and	O
compared	O
with	O
some	O
developed	O
countries	O
,	O
still	O
has	O
a	O
large	O
gap	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
impact	O
"	O
of	O
the	B-EVENT
Far	I-EVENT
South	I-EVENT
Games	I-EVENT
foreshadows	O
a	O
bright	O
future	O
for	O
this	O
civilized	O
and	O
progressive	O
cause	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
End	O
-RRB-	O


In	O
the	O
script	O
"	O
Mongolian	B-NORP
handicapped	O
athletes	O
prepare	O
for	O
the	B-EVENT
Far	I-EVENT
South	I-EVENT
Sports	I-EVENT
Meet	I-EVENT
"	O
broadcast	O
today	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
"	O
Sports	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Lahagewasu	O
"	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
paragraph	O
three	O
should	O
be	O
changed	O
to	O
"	O
Sports	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
Chairman	O
Lahagewasulen	B-PERSON
"	O
.	O


Xinhua	B-ORG
News	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
August	B-DATE
31st	I-DATE
.	O


Jesus	O
got	O
into	O
a	O
boat	O
and	O
went	O
back	O
across	O
the	O
lake	O
to	O
his	O
own	O
town	O
.	O


Some	O
people	O
brought	O
to	O
him	O
a	O
man	O
who	O
was	O
paralyzed	O
and	O
was	O
lying	O
on	O
a	O
mat	O
.	O


Jesus	O
saw	O
that	O
these	O
people	O
had	O
much	O
faith	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
paralyzed	O
man	O
,	O
``	O
Young	O
man	O
,	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
glad	O
to	O
hear	O
this	O
.	O


Your	O
sins	O
are	O
forgiven	O
.	O
''	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
heard	O
what	O
Jesus	O
said	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
to	O
themselves	O
,	O
``	O
What	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
God	O
for	O
this	O
man	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
!	O
''	O


Jesus	O
knew	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
thinking	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
are	O
you	O
thinking	O
such	O
evil	O
thoughts	O
?	O


The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
has	O
power	O
on	O
earth	O
to	O
forgive	O
sins	O
.	O


But	O
how	O
can	O
I	O
prove	O
this	O
to	O
you	O
?	O


Maybe	O
you	O
are	O
thinking	O
it	O
was	O
easy	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
'	O
Your	O
sins	O
are	O
forgiven	O
.	O
'	O


There	O
's	O
no	O
proof	O
that	O
it	O
really	O
happened	O
.	O


But	O
what	O
if	O
I	O
say	O
to	O
the	O
man	O
,	O
'	O
Stand	O
up	O
and	O
walk	O
'	O
?	O


Then	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
that	O
I	O
really	O
have	O
this	O
power	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
paralyzed	O
man	O
,	O
``	O
Stand	O
up	O
.	O


Take	O
your	O
mat	O
and	O
go	O
home	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
stood	O
up	O
and	O
went	O
home	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
saw	O
this	O
and	O
they	O
were	O
amazed	O
.	O


They	O
praised	O
God	O
for	O
letting	O
someone	O
have	O
such	O
power	O
.	O


When	O
Jesus	O
was	O
leaving	O
,	O
he	O
saw	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Matthew	O
sitting	O
at	O
the	O
place	O
for	O
collecting	O
taxes	O
.	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Follow	O
me	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
he	O
got	O
up	O
and	O
followed	O
Jesus	O
.	O


Jesus	O
ate	O
dinner	O
at	O
Matthew	O
's	O
house	O
.	O


Many	O
tax	O
collectors	O
and	O
others	O
with	O
bad	O
reputations	O
came	O
and	O
ate	O
with	O
him	O
and	O
his	O
followers	O
.	O


The	O
Pharisees	O
saw	O
that	O
Jesus	O
was	O
eating	O
with	O
these	O
people	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
does	O
your	O
teacher	O
eat	O
with	O
tax	O
collectors	O
and	O
other	O
sinners	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
heard	O
them	O
say	O
this	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
said	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
It	O
is	O
the	O
sick	O
people	O
who	O
need	O
a	O
doctor	O
,	O
not	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
healthy	O
.	O


You	O
need	O
to	O
go	O
and	O
learn	O
what	O
this	O
Scripture	O
means	O
:	O
'	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
animal	O
sacrifices	O
;	O
I	O
want	O
you	O
to	O
show	O
kindness	O
to	O
people	O
.	O
'	O


I	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
to	O
invite	O
good	O
people	O
.	O


I	O
came	O
to	O
invite	O
sinners	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
followers	O
of	O
John	O
came	O
to	O
Jesus	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
and	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
fast	O
often	O
,	O
but	O
your	O
followers	O
do	O
n't	O
ever	O
fast	O
.	O


Why	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
At	O
a	O
wedding	O
the	O
friends	O
of	O
the	O
bridegroom	O
are	O
not	O
sad	O
while	O
he	O
is	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


They	O
can	O
not	O
fast	O
then	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
time	O
will	O
come	O
when	O
the	O
bridegroom	O
will	O
be	O
taken	O
from	O
them	O
.	O


Then	O
they	O
will	O
fast	O
.	O


``	O
When	O
someone	O
sews	O
a	O
patch	O
over	O
a	O
hole	O
in	O
an	O
old	O
coat	O
,	O
they	O
never	O
use	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
cloth	O
that	O
has	O
not	O
already	O
been	O
shrunk	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
do	O
,	O
the	O
patch	O
will	O
shrink	O
and	O
pull	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
coat	O
.	O


Then	O
the	O
hole	O
will	O
be	O
worse	O
.	O


Also	O
,	O
people	O
never	O
pour	O
new	O
wine	O
into	O
old	O
wineskins	O
.	O


They	O
would	O
break	O
,	O
the	O
wine	O
would	O
spill	O
out	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
wineskins	O
would	O
be	O
ruined	O
.	O


People	O
always	O
put	O
new	O
wine	O
into	O
new	O
wineskins	O
,	O
which	O
wo	O
n't	O
break	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
wine	O
stays	O
good	O
.	O
''	O


While	O
Jesus	O
was	O
still	O
talking	O
,	O
a	O
leader	O
of	O
the	O
synagogue	O
came	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


The	O
leader	O
bowed	O
down	O
before	O
him	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
My	O
daughter	O
has	O
just	O
died	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
you	O
will	O
come	O
and	O
touch	O
her	O
with	O
your	O
hand	O
,	O
she	O
will	O
live	O
again	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
Jesus	O
and	O
his	O
followers	O
went	O
with	O
the	O
man	O
.	O


On	O
the	O
way	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
woman	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
bleeding	O
for	O
twelve	O
years	O
.	O


She	O
came	O
close	O
behind	O
Jesus	O
and	O
touched	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
his	O
coat	O
.	O


She	O
was	O
thinking	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
I	O
can	O
touch	O
his	O
coat	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
be	O
healed	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
turned	O
and	O
saw	O
the	O
woman	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Be	O
happy	O
,	O
dear	O
woman	O
.	O


You	O
are	O
made	O
well	O
because	O
you	O
believed	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
woman	O
was	O
healed	O
.	O


Jesus	O
continued	O
going	O
with	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leader	O
and	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
leader	O
's	O
house	O
.	O


He	O
saw	O
people	O
there	O
who	O
make	O
music	O
for	O
funerals	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
saw	O
a	O
crowd	O
of	O
people	O
crying	O
loudly	O
.	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Go	O
away	O
.	O


The	O
girl	O
is	O
not	O
dead	O
.	O


She	O
is	O
only	O
sleeping	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
people	O
laughed	O
at	O
him	O
.	O


After	O
the	O
people	O
were	O
put	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
house	O
,	O
Jesus	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
girl	O
's	O
room	O
.	O


He	O
held	O
the	O
girl	O
's	O
hand	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
girl	O
stood	O
up	O
.	O


The	O
news	O
about	O
this	O
spread	O
all	O
around	O
the	O
area	O
.	O


As	O
Jesus	O
was	O
going	O
away	O
from	O
there	O
,	O
two	O
blind	O
men	O
followed	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
loudly	O
,	O
``	O
Show	O
kindness	O
to	O
us	O
,	O
Son	O
of	O
David	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
went	O
inside	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
blind	O
men	O
went	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
you	O
believe	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
able	O
to	O
make	O
you	O
see	O
again	O
?	O
''	O


They	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Yes	O
,	O
Lord	O
,	O
we	O
believe	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
touched	O
their	O
eyes	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
believe	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
make	O
you	O
see	O
again	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
will	O
happen	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
men	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


Jesus	O
gave	O
them	O
a	O
strong	O
warning	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
tell	O
anyone	O
about	O
this	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
they	O
left	O
and	O
spread	O
the	O
news	O
about	O
Jesus	O
all	O
around	O
that	O
area	O
.	O


As	O
these	O
two	O
men	O
were	O
leaving	O
,	O
some	O
people	O
brought	O
another	O
man	O
to	O
Jesus	O
.	O


This	O
man	O
could	O
not	O
talk	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
demon	O
inside	O
him	O
.	O


Jesus	O
forced	O
the	O
demon	O
out	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
man	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
talk	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
were	O
amazed	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
never	O
seen	O
anything	O
like	O
this	O
in	O
Israel	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
ruler	O
of	O
demons	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
that	O
gives	O
him	O
power	O
to	O
force	O
demons	O
out	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
traveled	O
through	O
all	O
the	O
towns	O
and	O
villages	O
.	O


He	O
taught	O
in	O
their	O
synagogues	O
and	O
told	O
people	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
about	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O


He	O
healed	O
all	O
kinds	O
of	O
diseases	O
and	O
sicknesses	O
.	O


Jesus	O
saw	O
the	O
many	O
people	O
and	O
felt	O
sorry	O
for	O
them	O
because	O
they	O
were	O
worried	O
and	O
helpless	O
--	O
like	O
sheep	O
without	O
a	O
shepherd	O
to	O
lead	O
them	O
.	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
There	O
is	O
such	O
a	O
big	O
harvest	O
of	O
people	O
to	O
bring	O
in	O
.	O


But	O
there	O
are	O
only	O
a	O
few	O
workers	O
to	O
help	O
harvest	O
them	O
.	O


God	O
owns	O
the	O
harvest	O
.	O


Ask	O
him	O
to	O
send	O
more	O
workers	O
to	O
help	O
gather	O
his	O
harvest	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
Jesus	O
said	O
all	O
these	O
things	O
,	O
he	O
left	O
Galilee	O
.	O


He	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
Judea	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Jordan	O
River	O
.	O


Many	O
people	O
followed	O
him	O
.	O


Jesus	O
healed	O
the	O
sick	O
people	O
there	O
.	O


Some	O
Pharisees	O
came	O
to	O
Jesus	O
.	O


They	O
tried	O
to	O
make	O
him	O
say	O
something	O
wrong	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Is	O
it	O
right	O
for	O
a	O
man	O
to	O
divorce	O
his	O
wife	O
for	O
any	O
reason	O
he	O
chooses	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Surely	O
you	O
have	O
read	O
this	O
in	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
:	O
When	O
God	O
made	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
'	O
he	O
made	O
people	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
.	O
'	O


And	O
God	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
That	O
is	O
why	O
a	O
man	O
will	O
leave	O
his	O
father	O
and	O
mother	O
and	O
be	O
joined	O
to	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
two	O
people	O
will	O
become	O
one	O
.	O
'	O


So	O
they	O
are	O
no	O
longer	O
two	O
,	O
but	O
one	O
.	O


God	O
has	O
joined	O
them	O
together	O
,	O
so	O
no	O
one	O
should	O
separate	O
them	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Pharisees	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
Then	O
why	O
did	O
Moses	O
give	O
a	O
command	O
allowing	O
a	O
man	O
to	O
divorce	O
his	O
wife	O
by	O
writing	O
a	O
certificate	O
of	O
divorce	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Moses	O
allowed	O
you	O
to	O
divorce	O
your	O
wives	O
because	O
you	O
refused	O
to	O
accept	O
God	O
's	O
teaching	O
.	O


But	O
divorce	O
was	O
not	O
allowed	O
in	O
the	O
beginning	O
.	O


I	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
whoever	O
divorces	O
his	O
wife	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
the	O
problem	O
of	O
sexual	O
sin	O
,	O
and	O
marries	O
another	O
woman	O
is	O
guilty	O
of	O
adultery	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
followers	O
said	O
to	O
Jesus	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
reason	O
a	O
man	O
can	O
divorce	O
his	O
wife	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
better	O
not	O
to	O
marry	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
statement	O
is	O
true	O
for	O
some	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
for	O
everyone	O
--	O
only	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
given	O
this	O
gift	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
different	O
reasons	O
why	O
some	O
men	O
do	O
n't	O
marry	O
.	O


Some	O
were	O
born	O
without	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
produce	O
children	O
.	O


Others	O
were	O
made	O
that	O
way	O
later	O
in	O
life	O
.	O


And	O
others	O
have	O
given	O
up	O
marriage	O
because	O
of	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
for	O
anyone	O
who	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
accept	O
it	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
people	O
brought	O
their	O
little	O
children	O
to	O
Jesus	O
so	O
that	O
he	O
could	O
lay	O
his	O
hands	O
on	O
them	O
to	O
bless	O
them	O
and	O
pray	O
for	O
them	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
followers	O
saw	O
this	O
,	O
they	O
told	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
stop	O
bringing	O
their	O
children	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


But	O
Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Let	O
the	O
little	O
children	O
come	O
to	O
me	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
stop	O
them	O
,	O
because	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
belongs	O
to	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
like	O
these	O
children	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
Jesus	O
blessed	O
the	O
children	O
,	O
he	O
left	O
there	O
.	O


A	O
man	O
came	O
to	O
Jesus	O
and	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
what	O
good	O
thing	O
must	O
I	O
do	O
to	O
have	O
eternal	O
life	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
do	O
you	O
ask	O
me	O
about	O
what	O
is	O
good	O
?	O


Only	O
God	O
is	O
good	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
have	O
eternal	O
life	O
,	O
obey	O
the	O
law	O
's	O
commands	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
Which	O
ones	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
'	O
You	O
must	O
not	O
murder	O
anyone	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
not	O
commit	O
adultery	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
not	O
steal	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
not	O
tell	O
lies	O
about	O
others	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
respect	O
your	O
father	O
and	O
mother	O
,	O
'	O
and	O
'	O
love	O
your	O
neighbor	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
you	O
love	O
yourself	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


The	O
young	O
man	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
have	O
obeyed	O
all	O
these	O
commands	O
.	O


What	O
else	O
do	O
I	O
need	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
perfect	O
,	O
then	O
go	O
and	O
sell	O
all	O
that	O
you	O
own	O
.	O


Give	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
have	O
riches	O
in	O
heaven	O
.	O


Then	O
come	O
and	O
follow	O
me	O
!	O
''	O


But	O
when	O
the	O
young	O
man	O
heard	O
Jesus	O
tell	O
him	O
to	O
give	O
away	O
his	O
money	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
sad	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
very	O
rich	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
left	O
.	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
truth	O
is	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
very	O
hard	O
for	O
a	O
rich	O
person	O
to	O
enter	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
I	O
tell	O
you	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
easier	O
for	O
a	O
camel	O
to	O
go	O
through	O
the	O
eye	O
of	O
a	O
needle	O
than	O
for	O
a	O
rich	O
person	O
to	O
enter	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
followers	O
were	O
amazed	O
to	O
hear	O
this	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
Then	O
who	O
can	O
be	O
saved	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
looked	O
at	O
them	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
something	O
that	O
people	O
can	O
not	O
do	O
.	O


But	O
God	O
can	O
do	O
anything	O
.	O
''	O


Peter	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
left	O
everything	O
we	O
had	O
and	O
followed	O
you	O
.	O


So	O
what	O
will	O
we	O
have	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
When	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
world	O
comes	O
,	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
will	O
sit	O
on	O
his	O
great	O
and	O
glorious	O
throne	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
can	O
promise	O
that	O
you	O
who	O
followed	O
me	O
will	O
sit	O
on	O
twelve	O
thrones	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
judge	O
the	O
twelve	O
tribes	O
of	O
Israel	O
.	O


Everyone	O
who	O
has	O
left	O
houses	O
,	O
brothers	O
,	O
sisters	O
,	O
father	O
,	O
mother	O
,	O
children	O
,	O
or	O
farms	O
to	O
follow	O
me	O
will	O
get	O
much	O
more	O
than	O
they	O
left	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
will	O
have	O
eternal	O
life	O
.	O


Many	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
first	O
now	O
will	O
be	O
last	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


And	O
many	O
who	O
are	O
last	O
now	O
will	O
be	O
first	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Believe	O
me	O
when	O
I	O
say	O
that	O
some	O
of	O
you	O
people	O
standing	O
here	O
will	O
see	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
come	O
with	O
power	O
before	O
you	O
die	O
.	O
''	O


Six	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
Jesus	O
took	O
Peter	O
,	O
James	O
,	O
and	O
John	O
and	O
went	O
up	O
on	O
a	O
high	O
mountain	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
all	O
alone	O
there	O
.	O


While	O
these	O
followers	O
watched	O
him	O
,	O
Jesus	O
was	O
changed	O
.	O


His	O
clothes	O
became	O
shining	O
white	O
--	O
whiter	O
than	O
anyone	O
on	O
earth	O
could	O
make	O
them	O
.	O


Then	O
two	O
men	O
were	O
there	O
talking	O
with	O
Jesus	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
Elijah	O
and	O
Moses	O
.	O


Peter	O
said	O
to	O
Jesus	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
good	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
here	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
put	O
three	O
tents	O
here	O
--	O
one	O
for	O
you	O
,	O
one	O
for	O
Moses	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
for	O
Elijah	O
.	O
''	O


Peter	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
what	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
two	O
followers	O
were	O
so	O
afraid	O
.	O


Then	O
a	O
cloud	O
came	O
and	O
covered	O
them	O
.	O


A	O
voice	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
cloud	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
my	O
Son	O
,	O
the	O
one	O
I	O
love	O
.	O


Obey	O
him	O
!	O
''	O


The	O
followers	O
looked	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
saw	O
only	O
Jesus	O
there	O
alone	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


As	O
Jesus	O
and	O
the	O
followers	O
were	O
walking	O
back	O
down	O
the	O
mountain	O
,	O
he	O
gave	O
them	O
these	O
instructions	O
:	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
tell	O
anyone	O
about	O
what	O
you	O
saw	O
on	O
the	O
mountain	O
.	O


Wait	O
until	O
after	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
rises	O
from	O
death	O
.	O


Then	O
you	O
can	O
tell	O
people	O
what	O
you	O
saw	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
followers	O
waited	O
to	O
say	O
anything	O
about	O
what	O
they	O
saw	O
.	O


But	O
they	O
discussed	O
among	O
themselves	O
what	O
Jesus	O
meant	O
about	O
rising	O
from	O
death	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
do	O
the	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
say	O
that	O
Elijah	O
must	O
come	O
first	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
They	O
are	O
right	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
Elijah	O
must	O
come	O
first	O
.	O


Elijah	O
makes	O
all	O
things	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
should	O
be	O
.	O


But	O
why	O
do	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
that	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
will	O
suffer	O
much	O
and	O
that	O
people	O
will	O
think	O
he	O
is	O
worth	O
nothing	O
?	O


I	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
Elijah	O
has	O
already	O
come	O
.	O


And	O
people	O
did	O
to	O
him	O
all	O
the	O
bad	O
things	O
they	O
wanted	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


The	O
Scriptures	O
said	O
this	O
would	O
happen	O
to	O
him	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
,	O
Peter	O
,	O
James	O
,	O
and	O
John	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
followers	O
.	O


They	O
saw	O
many	O
people	O
around	O
them	O
.	O


The	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
were	O
arguing	O
with	O
the	O
followers	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
people	O
saw	O
Jesus	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
very	O
surprised	O
and	O
ran	O
to	O
welcome	O
him	O
.	O


Jesus	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
What	O
are	O
you	O
arguing	O
about	O
with	O
the	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
?	O
''	O


A	O
man	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
I	O
brought	O
my	O
son	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
controlled	O
by	O
an	O
evil	O
spirit	O
that	O
keeps	O
him	O
from	O
talking	O
.	O


The	O
spirit	O
attacks	O
him	O
and	O
throws	O
him	O
on	O
the	O
ground	O
.	O


He	O
foams	O
at	O
the	O
mouth	O
,	O
grinds	O
his	O
teeth	O
,	O
and	O
becomes	O
very	O
stiff	O
.	O


I	O
asked	O
your	O
followers	O
to	O
force	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
out	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
people	O
today	O
do	O
n't	O
believe	O
!	O


How	O
long	O
must	O
I	O
stay	O
with	O
you	O
?	O


How	O
long	O
must	O
I	O
be	O
patient	O
with	O
you	O
?	O


Bring	O
the	O
boy	O
to	O
me	O
!	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
followers	O
brought	O
the	O
boy	O
to	O
Jesus	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
saw	O
Jesus	O
,	O
it	O
attacked	O
the	O
boy	O
.	O


The	O
boy	O
fell	O
down	O
and	O
rolled	O
on	O
the	O
ground	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
foaming	O
at	O
the	O
mouth	O
.	O


Jesus	O
asked	O
the	O
boy	O
's	O
father	O
,	O
``	O
How	O
long	O
has	O
this	O
been	O
happening	O
to	O
him	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
father	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Since	O
he	O
was	O
very	O
young	O
.	O


The	O
spirit	O
often	O
throws	O
him	O
into	O
a	O
fire	O
or	O
into	O
water	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
anything	O
,	O
please	O
have	O
pity	O
on	O
us	O
and	O
help	O
us	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
father	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
did	O
you	O
say	O
'	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
'	O
?	O


All	O
things	O
are	O
possible	O
for	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
believes	O
.	O
''	O


Immediately	O
the	O
father	O
shouted	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
do	O
believe	O
.	O


Help	O
me	O
to	O
believe	O
more	O
!	O
''	O


Jesus	O
saw	O
that	O
all	O
the	O
people	O
were	O
running	O
there	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
was	O
happening	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
evil	O
spirit	O
that	O
makes	O
this	O
boy	O
deaf	O
and	O
stops	O
him	O
from	O
talking	O
--	O
I	O
command	O
you	O
to	O
come	O
out	O
of	O
him	O
and	O
never	O
enter	O
him	O
again	O
!	O
''	O


The	O
evil	O
spirit	O
screamed	O
.	O


It	O
caused	O
the	O
boy	O
to	O
fall	O
on	O
the	O
ground	O
again	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
it	O
came	O
out	O
.	O


The	O
boy	O
looked	O
as	O
if	O
he	O
was	O
dead	O
.	O


Many	O
people	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
He	O
is	O
dead	O
!	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
took	O
hold	O
of	O
his	O
hand	O
and	O
helped	O
him	O
stand	O
up	O
.	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
house	O
.	O


His	O
followers	O
were	O
alone	O
with	O
him	O
there	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
were	O
n't	O
we	O
able	O
to	O
force	O
that	O
evil	O
spirit	O
out	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
That	O
kind	O
of	O
spirit	O
can	O
be	O
forced	O
out	O
only	O
with	O
prayer	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
and	O
his	O
followers	O
left	O
there	O
and	O
went	O
through	O
Galilee	O
.	O


Jesus	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
know	O
where	O
they	O
were	O
.	O


He	O
wanted	O
to	O
teach	O
his	O
followers	O
alone	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
will	O
be	O
handed	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
other	O
men	O
,	O
who	O
will	O
kill	O
him	O
.	O


After	O
three	O
days	O
,	O
he	O
will	O
rise	O
from	O
death	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
followers	O
did	O
not	O
understand	O
what	O
he	O
meant	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
were	O
afraid	O
to	O
ask	O
him	O
.	O


Jesus	O
and	O
his	O
followers	O
went	O
to	O
Capernaum	O
.	O


They	O
went	O
into	O
a	O
house	O
,	O
and	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
heard	O
you	O
arguing	O
on	O
the	O
way	O
here	O
today	O
.	O


What	O
were	O
you	O
arguing	O
about	O
?	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
followers	O
did	O
not	O
answer	O
,	O
because	O
their	O
argument	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
was	O
about	O
which	O
one	O
of	O
them	O
was	O
the	O
greatest	O
.	O


Jesus	O
sat	O
down	O
and	O
called	O
the	O
twelve	O
apostles	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Whoever	O
wants	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
must	O
make	O
others	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
themselves	O
.	O


They	O
must	O
serve	O
everyone	O
else	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
took	O
a	O
small	O
child	O
and	O
stood	O
the	O
child	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
followers	O
.	O


He	O
held	O
the	O
child	O
in	O
his	O
arms	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Whoever	O
accepts	O
children	O
like	O
these	O
in	O
my	O
name	O
is	O
accepting	O
me	O
.	O


And	O
anyone	O
who	O
accepts	O
me	O
is	O
also	O
accepting	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
sent	O
me	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
John	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
we	O
saw	O
a	O
man	O
using	O
your	O
name	O
to	O
force	O
demons	O
out	O
of	O
someone	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
not	O
one	O
of	O
us	O
.	O


So	O
we	O
told	O
him	O
to	O
stop	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
does	O
not	O
belong	O
to	O
our	O
group	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
stop	O
him	O
.	O


Whoever	O
uses	O
my	O
name	O
to	O
do	O
powerful	O
things	O
will	O
not	O
soon	O
say	O
bad	O
things	O
about	O
me	O
.	O


Whoever	O
is	O
not	O
against	O
us	O
is	O
with	O
us	O
.	O


I	O
can	O
assure	O
you	O
that	O
anyone	O
who	O
helps	O
you	O
by	O
giving	O
you	O
a	O
drink	O
of	O
water	O
because	O
you	O
belong	O
to	O
the	O
Christ	O
will	O
definitely	O
get	O
a	O
reward	O
.	O


``	O
If	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
little	O
children	O
believes	O
in	O
me	O
,	O
and	O
someone	O
causes	O
that	O
child	O
to	O
sin	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
very	O
bad	O
for	O
that	O
person	O
.	O


It	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
millstone	O
tied	O
around	O
their	O
neck	O
and	O
be	O
drowned	O
in	O
the	O
sea	O
.	O


If	O
your	O
hand	O
makes	O
you	O
sin	O
,	O
cut	O
it	O
off	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
better	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
lose	O
part	O
of	O
your	O
body	O
and	O
have	O
eternal	O
life	O
than	O
to	O
have	O
two	O
hands	O
and	O
go	O
to	O
hell	O
.	O


There	O
the	O
fire	O
never	O
stops	O
.	O


If	O
your	O
foot	O
makes	O
you	O
sin	O
,	O
cut	O
it	O
off	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
better	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
lose	O
part	O
of	O
your	O
body	O
and	O
have	O
eternal	O
life	O
than	O
to	O
have	O
two	O
feet	O
and	O
be	O
thrown	O
into	O
hell	O
.	O


If	O
your	O
eye	O
makes	O
you	O
sin	O
,	O
take	O
it	O
out	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
better	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
have	O
only	O
one	O
eye	O
and	O
enter	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
than	O
to	O
have	O
two	O
eyes	O
and	O
be	O
thrown	O
into	O
hell	O
.	O


The	O
worms	O
that	O
eat	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
hell	O
never	O
die	O
.	O


The	O
fire	O
there	O
is	O
never	O
stopped	O
.	O


``	O
Everyone	O
will	O
be	O
salted	O
with	O
fire	O
.	O


``	O
Salt	O
is	O
good	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
it	O
loses	O
its	O
salty	O
taste	O
,	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
make	O
it	O
good	O
again	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
lose	O
that	O
good	O
quality	O
of	O
salt	O
you	O
have	O
.	O


And	O
live	O
in	O
peace	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
called	O
his	O
twelve	O
apostles	O
together	O
.	O


He	O
gave	O
them	O
power	O
to	O
heal	O
sicknesses	O
and	O
power	O
to	O
force	O
demons	O
out	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


He	O
sent	O
them	O
to	O
tell	O
about	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
and	O
to	O
heal	O
the	O
sick	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
When	O
you	O
travel	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
take	O
a	O
walking	O
stick	O
.	O


Also	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
a	O
bag	O
,	O
food	O
,	O
or	O
money	O
.	O


Take	O
for	O
your	O
trip	O
only	O
the	O
clothes	O
you	O
are	O
wearing	O
.	O


When	O
you	O
go	O
into	O
a	O
house	O
,	O
stay	O
there	O
until	O
it	O
is	O
time	O
to	O
leave	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
town	O
will	O
not	O
welcome	O
you	O
,	O
go	O
outside	O
the	O
town	O
and	O
shake	O
the	O
dust	O
off	O
your	O
feet	O
as	O
a	O
warning	O
to	O
them	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
apostles	O
went	O
out	O
.	O


They	O
traveled	O
through	O
all	O
the	O
towns	O
.	O


They	O
told	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
and	O
healed	O
people	O
everywhere	O
.	O


Herod	O
the	O
ruler	O
heard	O
about	O
all	O
these	O
things	O
that	O
were	O
happening	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
confused	O
because	O
some	O
people	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
John	O
the	O
Baptizer	O
has	O
risen	O
from	O
death	O
.	O
''	O


Others	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Elijah	O
has	O
come	O
to	O
us	O
.	O
''	O


And	O
some	O
others	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
One	O
of	O
the	O
prophets	O
from	O
long	O
ago	O
has	O
risen	O
from	O
death	O
.	O
''	O


Herod	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
cut	O
off	O
John	O
's	O
head	O
.	O


So	O
who	O
is	O
this	O
man	O
I	O
hear	O
these	O
things	O
about	O
?	O
''	O


Herod	O
continued	O
trying	O
to	O
see	O
Jesus	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
apostles	O
came	O
back	O
,	O
they	O
told	O
Jesus	O
what	O
they	O
had	O
done	O
on	O
their	O
trip	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
took	O
them	O
away	O
to	O
a	O
town	O
called	O
Bethsaida	O
.	O


There	O
,	O
he	O
and	O
his	O
apostles	O
could	O
be	O
alone	O
together	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
people	O
learned	O
where	O
Jesus	O
went	O
and	O
followed	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
welcomed	O
them	O
and	O
talked	O
with	O
them	O
about	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O


He	O
healed	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
sick	O
.	O


Late	O
in	O
the	O
afternoon	O
,	O
the	O
twelve	O
apostles	O
came	O
to	O
Jesus	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
No	O
one	O
lives	O
in	O
this	O
place	O
.	O


Send	O
the	O
people	O
away	O
.	O


They	O
need	O
to	O
find	O
food	O
and	O
places	O
to	O
sleep	O
in	O
the	O
farms	O
and	O
towns	O
around	O
here	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
apostles	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
give	O
them	O
something	O
to	O
eat	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
only	O
five	O
loaves	O
of	O
bread	O
and	O
two	O
fish	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
want	O
us	O
to	O
go	O
buy	O
food	O
for	O
all	O
these	O
people	O
?	O
''	O


There	O
are	O
too	O
many	O
!	O


-LRB-	O
There	O
were	O
about	O
5000	O
men	O
there	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
Tell	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
sit	O
in	O
groups	O
of	O
about	O
50	O
people	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
followers	O
did	O
this	O
and	O
everyone	O
sat	O
down	O
.	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
took	O
the	O
five	O
loaves	O
of	O
bread	O
and	O
two	O
fish	O
.	O


He	O
looked	O
up	O
into	O
the	O
sky	O
and	O
thanked	O
God	O
for	O
the	O
food	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
broke	O
it	O
into	O
pieces	O
,	O
which	O
he	O
gave	O
to	O
the	O
followers	O
to	O
give	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


They	O
all	O
ate	O
until	O
they	O
were	O
full	O
.	O


And	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
food	O
left	O
.	O


Twelve	O
baskets	O
were	O
filled	O
with	O
the	O
pieces	O
of	O
food	O
that	O
were	O
not	O
eaten	O
.	O


One	O
time	O
Jesus	O
was	O
praying	O
alone	O
.	O


His	O
followers	O
came	O
together	O
there	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Who	O
do	O
the	O
people	O
say	O
I	O
am	O
?	O
''	O


They	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Some	O
people	O
say	O
you	O
are	O
John	O
the	O
Baptizer	O
.	O


Others	O
say	O
you	O
are	O
Elijah	O
.	O


And	O
some	O
people	O
say	O
you	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
prophets	O
from	O
long	O
ago	O
that	O
has	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
life	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
And	O
who	O
do	O
you	O
say	O
I	O
am	O
?	O
''	O


Peter	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
are	O
the	O
Christ	O
from	O
God	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
warned	O
them	O
not	O
to	O
tell	O
anyone	O
.	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
must	O
suffer	O
many	O
things	O
.	O


He	O
will	O
be	O
rejected	O
by	O
the	O
older	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
,	O
the	O
leading	O
priests	O
,	O
and	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
will	O
be	O
killed	O
.	O


But	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
he	O
will	O
be	O
raised	O
from	O
death	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
continued	O
to	O
say	O
to	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Any	O
of	O
you	O
who	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
my	O
follower	O
must	O
stop	O
thinking	O
about	O
yourself	O
and	O
what	O
you	O
want	O
.	O


You	O
must	O
be	O
willing	O
to	O
carry	O
the	O
cross	O
that	O
is	O
given	O
to	O
you	O
every	O
day	O
for	O
following	O
me	O
.	O


Any	O
of	O
you	O
who	O
try	O
to	O
save	O
the	O
life	O
you	O
have	O
will	O
lose	O
it	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
who	O
give	O
up	O
your	O
life	O
for	O
me	O
will	O
save	O
it	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
worth	O
nothing	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
if	O
you	O
yourself	O
are	O
destroyed	O
or	O
lost	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
be	O
ashamed	O
of	O
me	O
and	O
my	O
teaching	O
.	O


If	O
that	O
happens	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
be	O
ashamed	O
of	O
you	O
when	O
I	O
come	O
with	O
my	O
divine	O
greatness	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
Father	O
and	O
the	O
holy	O
angels	O
.	O


Believe	O
me	O
when	O
I	O
say	O
that	O
some	O
of	O
you	O
people	O
standing	O
here	O
will	O
see	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
before	O
you	O
die	O
.	O
''	O


About	O
eight	O
days	O
after	O
Jesus	O
said	O
these	O
things	O
,	O
he	O
took	O
Peter	O
,	O
John	O
,	O
and	O
James	O
and	O
went	O
up	O
on	O
a	O
mountain	O
to	O
pray	O
.	O


While	O
Jesus	O
was	O
praying	O
,	O
his	O
face	O
began	O
to	O
change	O
.	O


His	O
clothes	O
became	O
shining	O
white	O
.	O


Then	O
two	O
men	O
were	O
there	O
,	O
talking	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
Moses	O
and	O
Elijah	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
looked	O
bright	O
and	O
glorious	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
talking	O
with	O
Jesus	O
about	O
his	O
death	O
that	O
would	O
happen	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


Peter	O
and	O
the	O
others	O
were	O
asleep	O
.	O


But	O
they	O
woke	O
up	O
and	O
saw	O
the	O
glory	O
of	O
Jesus	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
saw	O
the	O
two	O
men	O
who	O
were	O
standing	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


When	O
Moses	O
and	O
Elijah	O
were	O
leaving	O
,	O
Peter	O
said	O
,	O
``	O


Master	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
good	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
here	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
put	O
three	O
tents	O
here	O
--	O
one	O
for	O
you	O
,	O
one	O
for	O
Moses	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
for	O
Elijah	O
.	O
''	O


-LRB-	O
He	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
what	O
he	O
was	O
saying	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


While	O
Peter	O
was	O
saying	O
these	O
things	O
,	O
a	O
cloud	O
came	O
all	O
around	O
them	O
.	O


Peter	O
,	O
John	O
,	O
and	O
James	O
were	O
afraid	O
when	O
the	O
cloud	O
covered	O
them	O
.	O


A	O
voice	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
cloud	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
my	O
Son	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
I	O
have	O
chosen	O
.	O


Obey	O
him	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
the	O
voice	O
stopped	O
,	O
only	O
Jesus	O
was	O
there	O
.	O


Peter	O
,	O
John	O
,	O
and	O
James	O
said	O
nothing	O
.	O


And	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
after	O
that	O
,	O
they	O
told	O
no	O
one	O
about	O
what	O
they	O
had	O
seen	O
.	O


The	O
next	O
day	O
,	O
Jesus	O
,	O
Peter	O
,	O
John	O
,	O
and	O
James	O
came	O
down	O
from	O
the	O
mountain	O
.	O


A	O
large	O
group	O
of	O
people	O
met	O
Jesus	O
.	O


A	O
man	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
shouted	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
please	O
come	O
and	O
look	O
at	O
my	O
son	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
child	O
I	O
have	O
.	O


An	O
evil	O
spirit	O
comes	O
into	O
him	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
he	O
shouts	O
.	O


He	O
loses	O
control	O
of	O
himself	O
and	O
foams	O
at	O
the	O
mouth	O
.	O


The	O
evil	O
spirit	O
continues	O
to	O
hurt	O
him	O
and	O
almost	O
never	O
leaves	O
him	O
.	O


I	O
begged	O
your	O
followers	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
leave	O
my	O
son	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
do	O
it	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
people	O
today	O
have	O
no	O
faith	O
.	O


Your	O
lives	O
are	O
all	O
wrong	O
.	O


How	O
long	O
must	O
I	O
be	O
with	O
you	O
and	O
be	O
patient	O
with	O
you	O
?	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
man	O
,	O
``	O
Bring	O
your	O
son	O
here	O
.	O
''	O


While	O
the	O
boy	O
was	O
coming	O
,	O
the	O
demon	O
threw	O
the	O
boy	O
to	O
the	O
ground	O
.	O


The	O
boy	O
lost	O
control	O
of	O
himself	O
.	O


But	O
Jesus	O
gave	O
a	O
strong	O
command	O
to	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
.	O


Then	O
the	O
boy	O
was	O
healed	O
,	O
and	O
Jesus	O
gave	O
him	O
back	O
to	O
his	O
father	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
people	O
were	O
amazed	O
at	O
the	O
great	O
power	O
of	O
God	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
were	O
still	O
amazed	O
about	O
all	O
the	O
things	O
Jesus	O
did	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
forget	O
what	O
I	O
will	O
tell	O
you	O
now	O
:	O
The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
will	O
soon	O
be	O
handed	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
other	O
men	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
followers	O
did	O
not	O
understand	O
what	O
he	O
meant	O
.	O


The	O
meaning	O
was	O
hidden	O
from	O
them	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
understand	O
it	O
.	O


But	O
they	O
were	O
afraid	O
to	O
ask	O
Jesus	O
about	O
what	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Jesus	O
'	O
followers	O
began	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
argument	O
about	O
which	O
one	O
of	O
them	O
was	O
the	O
greatest	O
.	O


Jesus	O
knew	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
thinking	O
,	O
so	O
he	O
took	O
a	O
little	O
child	O
and	O
stood	O
the	O
child	O
beside	O
him	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
Whoever	O
accepts	O
a	O
little	O
child	O
like	O
this	O
in	O
my	O
name	O
is	O
accepting	O
me	O
.	O


And	O
anyone	O
who	O
accepts	O
me	O
is	O
also	O
accepting	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
sent	O
me	O
.	O


The	O
one	O
among	O
you	O
who	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
humble	O
--	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
is	O
great	O
.	O
''	O


John	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Master	O
,	O
we	O
saw	O
someone	O
using	O
your	O
name	O
to	O
force	O
demons	O
out	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


We	O
told	O
him	O
to	O
stop	O
because	O
he	O
does	O
not	O
belong	O
to	O
our	O
group	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
stop	O
him	O
.	O


Whoever	O
is	O
not	O
against	O
you	O
is	O
for	O
you	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
time	O
was	O
coming	O
near	O
when	O
Jesus	O
would	O
leave	O
and	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
heaven	O
.	O


He	O
decided	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
sent	O
some	O
men	O
ahead	O
of	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
went	O
into	O
a	O
town	O
in	O
Samaria	O
to	O
make	O
everything	O
ready	O
for	O
him	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
people	O
there	O
would	O
not	O
welcome	O
Jesus	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
going	O
toward	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


James	O
and	O
John	O
,	O
the	O
followers	O
of	O
Jesus	O
,	O
saw	O
this	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Lord	O
,	O
do	O
you	O
want	O
us	O
to	O
call	O
fire	O
down	O
from	O
heaven	O
and	O
destroy	O
those	O
people	O
?	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
turned	O
and	O
criticized	O
them	O
for	O
saying	O
this	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
and	O
his	O
followers	O
went	O
to	O
another	O
town	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
all	O
traveling	O
along	O
the	O
road	O
.	O


Someone	O
said	O
to	O
Jesus	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
will	O
follow	O
you	O
anywhere	O
you	O
go	O
.	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
foxes	O
have	O
holes	O
to	O
live	O
in	O
.	O


The	O
birds	O
have	O
nests	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
has	O
no	O
place	O
where	O
he	O
can	O
rest	O
his	O
head	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
another	O
man	O
,	O
``	O
Follow	O
me	O
!	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
man	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Lord	O
,	O
let	O
me	O
go	O
and	O
bury	O
my	O
father	O
first	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Let	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
dead	O
bury	O
their	O
own	O
dead	O
.	O


You	O
must	O
go	O
and	O
tell	O
about	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O
''	O


Another	O
man	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
will	O
follow	O
you	O
,	O
Lord	O
,	O
but	O
first	O
let	O
me	O
go	O
and	O
say	O
goodbye	O
to	O
my	O
family	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Anyone	O
who	O
begins	O
to	O
plow	O
a	O
field	O
but	O
looks	O
back	O
is	O
not	O
prepared	O
for	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
was	O
going	O
through	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Jericho	O
.	O


In	O
Jericho	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Zacchaeus	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
a	O
wealthy	O
,	O
very	O
important	O
tax	O
collector	O
.	O


He	O
wanted	O
to	O
see	O
who	O
Jesus	O
was	O
.	O


There	O
were	O
many	O
others	O
who	O
wanted	O
to	O
see	O
Jesus	O
too	O
.	O


Zacchaeus	O
was	O
too	O
short	O
to	O
see	O
above	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
ran	O
to	O
a	O
place	O
where	O
he	O
knew	O
Jesus	O
would	O
come	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
climbed	O
a	O
sycamore	O
tree	O
so	O
he	O
could	O
see	O
him	O
.	O


When	O
Jesus	O
came	O
to	O
where	O
Zacchaeus	O
was	O
,	O
he	O
looked	O
up	O
and	O
saw	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
tree	O
.	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Zacchaeus	O
,	O
hurry	O
!	O


Come	O
down	O
!	O


I	O
must	O
stay	O
at	O
your	O
house	O
today	O
.	O
''	O


Zacchaeus	O
hurried	O
and	O
came	O
down	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
happy	O
to	O
have	O
Jesus	O
in	O
his	O
house	O
.	O


Everyone	O
saw	O
this	O
.	O


They	O
began	O
to	O
complain	O
,	O
``	O
Look	O
at	O
the	O
kind	O
of	O
man	O
Jesus	O
is	O
staying	O
with	O
.	O


Zacchaeus	O
is	O
a	O
sinner	O
!	O
''	O


Zacchaeus	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
Lord	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
good	O
.	O


I	O
will	O
give	O
half	O
of	O
my	O
money	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
.	O


If	O
I	O
have	O
cheated	O
anyone	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
pay	O
them	O
back	O
four	O
times	O
more	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Today	O
is	O
the	O
day	O
for	O
this	O
family	O
to	O
be	O
saved	O
from	O
sin	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
even	O
this	O
tax	O
collector	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
God	O
's	O
chosen	O
people	O
.	O


The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
came	O
to	O
find	O
lost	O
people	O
and	O
save	O
them	O
.	O
''	O


As	O
the	O
crowd	O
listened	O
to	O
what	O
he	O
was	O
saying	O
,	O
Jesus	O
went	O
on	O
to	O
tell	O
a	O
story	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
now	O
near	O
Jerusalem	O
and	O
knew	O
that	O
the	O
people	O
thought	O
it	O
was	O
almost	O
time	O
for	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
to	O
come	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
A	O
very	O
important	O
man	O
was	O
preparing	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
a	O
country	O
far	O
away	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
a	O
king	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
planned	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
and	O
rule	O
his	O
people	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
called	O
ten	O
of	O
his	O
servants	O
together	O
.	O


He	O
gave	O
a	O
bag	O
of	O
money	O
to	O
each	O
servant	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
Do	O
business	O
with	O
this	O
money	O
until	O
I	O
come	O
back	O
.	O
'	O


But	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
kingdom	O
hated	O
the	O
man	O
.	O


They	O
sent	O
a	O
group	O
to	O
follow	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
country	O
.	O


There	O
they	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
this	O
man	O
to	O
be	O
our	O
king	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
But	O
the	O
man	O
was	O
made	O
king	O
.	O


When	O
he	O
came	O
home	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
Call	O
those	O
servants	O
who	O
have	O
my	O
money	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
know	O
how	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
they	O
earned	O
with	O
it	O
.	O
'	O


The	O
first	O
servant	O
came	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
Sir	O
,	O
I	O
earned	O
ten	O
bags	O
of	O
money	O
with	O
the	O
one	O
bag	O
you	O
gave	O
me	O
.	O
'	O


The	O
king	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
'	O
That	O
's	O
great	O
!	O


You	O
are	O
a	O
good	O
servant	O
.	O


I	O
see	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
trust	O
you	O
with	O
small	O
things	O
.	O


So	O
now	O
I	O
will	O
let	O
you	O
rule	O
over	O
ten	O
of	O
my	O
cities	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
The	O
second	O
servant	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
Sir	O
,	O
with	O
your	O
one	O
bag	O
of	O
money	O
I	O
earned	O
five	O
bags	O
.	O
'	O


The	O
king	O
said	O
to	O
this	O
servant	O
,	O
'	O
You	O
can	O
rule	O
over	O
five	O
cities	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
Then	O
another	O
servant	O
came	O
in	O
and	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
king	O
,	O
'	O
Sir	O
,	O
here	O
is	O
your	O
bag	O
of	O
money	O
.	O


I	O
wrapped	O
it	O
in	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
cloth	O
and	O
hid	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
afraid	O
of	O
you	O
because	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
hard	O
man	O
.	O


You	O
even	O
take	O
money	O
that	O
you	O
did	O
n't	O
earn	O
and	O
gather	O
food	O
that	O
you	O
did	O
n't	O
grow	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
Then	O
the	O
king	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
'	O
What	O
a	O
bad	O
servant	O
you	O
are	O
!	O


I	O
will	O
use	O
your	O
own	O
words	O
to	O
condemn	O
you	O
.	O


You	O
said	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
a	O
hard	O
man	O
.	O


You	O
said	O
that	O
I	O
even	O
take	O
money	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
earn	O
and	O
gather	O
food	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
grow	O
.	O


If	O
that	O
is	O
true	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
have	O
put	O
my	O
money	O
in	O
the	O
bank	O
.	O


Then	O
,	O
when	O
I	O
came	O
back	O
,	O
my	O
money	O
would	O
have	O
earned	O
some	O
interest	O
.	O
'	O


Then	O
the	O
king	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
men	O
who	O
were	O
watching	O
,	O
'	O
Take	O
the	O
bag	O
of	O
money	O
away	O
from	O
this	O
servant	O
and	O
give	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
servant	O
who	O
earned	O
ten	O
bags	O
of	O
money	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
The	O
men	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
king	O
,	O
'	O
But	O
sir	O
,	O
that	O
servant	O
already	O
has	O
ten	O
bags	O
of	O
money	O
.	O
'	O


``	O
The	O
king	O
said	O
,	O
'	O
People	O
who	O
use	O
what	O
they	O
have	O
will	O
get	O
more	O
.	O


But	O
those	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
use	O
what	O
they	O
have	O
will	O
have	O
everything	O
taken	O
away	O
from	O
them	O
.	O


Now	O
where	O
are	O
my	O
enemies	O
?	O


Where	O
are	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
me	O
to	O
be	O
king	O
?	O


Bring	O
my	O
enemies	O
here	O
and	O
kill	O
them	O
.	O


I	O
will	O
watch	O
them	O
die	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


After	O
Jesus	O
said	O
these	O
things	O
,	O
he	O
continued	O
traveling	O
toward	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
came	O
near	O
Bethphage	O
and	O
Bethany	O
,	O
towns	O
near	O
the	O
hill	O
called	O
the	O
Mount	O
of	O
Olives	O
.	O


He	O
sent	O
out	O
two	O
of	O
his	O
followers	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Go	O
into	O
the	O
town	O
you	O
can	O
see	O
there	O
.	O


When	O
you	O
enter	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
a	O
young	O
donkey	O
tied	O
there	O
that	O
no	O
one	O
has	O
ever	O
ridden	O
.	O


Untie	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
bring	O
it	O
here	O
to	O
me	O
.	O


If	O
anyone	O
asks	O
you	O
why	O
you	O
are	O
taking	O
the	O
donkey	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
say	O
,	O
'	O
The	O
Master	O
needs	O
it	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


The	O
two	O
followers	O
went	O
into	O
town	O
.	O


They	O
found	O
the	O
donkey	O
exactly	O
like	O
Jesus	O
told	O
them	O
.	O


They	O
untied	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
owners	O
came	O
out	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
followers	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
are	O
you	O
untying	O
our	O
donkey	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
followers	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
Master	O
needs	O
it	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
followers	O
brought	O
the	O
donkey	O
to	O
Jesus	O
.	O


They	O
put	O
their	O
coats	O
on	O
its	O
back	O
.	O


Then	O
they	O
put	O
Jesus	O
on	O
the	O
donkey	O
.	O


He	O
rode	O
along	O
the	O
road	O
toward	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


The	O
followers	O
spread	O
their	O
coats	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
before	O
him	O
.	O


Jesus	O
was	O
coming	O
close	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
already	O
near	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
Mount	O
of	O
Olives	O
.	O


The	O
whole	O
group	O
of	O
followers	O
was	O
happy	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
very	O
excited	O
and	O
praised	O
God	O
.	O


They	O
thanked	O
God	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
powerful	O
things	O
they	O
had	O
seen	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
'	O
Welcome	O
!	O


God	O
bless	O
the	O
king	O
who	O
comes	O
in	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O
'	O


Peace	O
in	O
heaven	O
and	O
glory	O
to	O
God	O
!	O
''	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
said	O
to	O
Jesus	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
tell	O
your	O
followers	O
not	O
to	O
say	O
these	O
things	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
tell	O
you	O
,	O
if	O
my	O
followers	O
did	O
n't	O
say	O
them	O
,	O
these	O
stones	O
would	O
shout	O
them	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
came	O
near	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


Looking	O
at	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
he	O
began	O
to	O
cry	O
for	O
it	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
wish	O
you	O
knew	O
today	O
what	O
would	O
bring	O
you	O
peace	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
is	O
hidden	O
from	O
you	O
now	O
.	O


A	O
time	O
is	O
coming	O
when	O
your	O
enemies	O
will	O
build	O
a	O
wall	O
around	O
you	O
and	O
hold	O
you	O
in	O
on	O
all	O
sides	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
destroy	O
you	O
and	O
all	O
your	O
people	O
.	O


Not	O
one	O
stone	O
of	O
your	O
buildings	O
will	O
stay	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
another	O
.	O


All	O
this	O
will	O
happen	O
because	O
you	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
the	O
time	O
when	O
God	O
came	O
to	O
save	O
you	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
Temple	O
area	O
.	O


He	O
began	O
to	O
throw	O
out	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
selling	O
things	O
there	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
,	O
'	O
My	O
Temple	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
house	O
of	O
prayer	O
.	O
'	O


But	O
you	O
have	O
changed	O
it	O
into	O
a	O
'	O
hiding	O
place	O
for	O
thieves	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


Jesus	O
taught	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
Temple	O
area	O
every	O
day	O
.	O


The	O
leading	O
priests	O
,	O
the	O
teachers	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
wanted	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
.	O


But	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
how	O
they	O
could	O
do	O
it	O
,	O
because	O
everyone	O
was	O
listening	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
were	O
very	O
interested	O
in	O
what	O
Jesus	O
said	O
.	O


While	O
Jesus	O
was	O
walking	O
,	O
he	O
saw	O
a	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
blind	O
since	O
the	O
time	O
he	O
was	O
born	O
.	O


Jesus	O
'	O
followers	O
asked	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Teacher	O
,	O
why	O
was	O
this	O
man	O
born	O
blind	O
?	O


Whose	O
sin	O
made	O
it	O
happen	O
?	O


Was	O
it	O
his	O
own	O
sin	O
or	O
that	O
of	O
his	O
parents	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
It	O
was	O
not	O
any	O
sin	O
of	O
this	O
man	O
or	O
his	O
parents	O
that	O
caused	O
him	O
to	O
be	O
blind	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
born	O
blind	O
so	O
that	O
he	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
show	O
what	O
great	O
things	O
God	O
can	O
do	O
.	O


While	O
it	O
is	O
daytime	O
,	O
we	O
must	O
continue	O
doing	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
sent	O
me	O
.	O


The	O
night	O
is	O
coming	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
one	O
can	O
work	O
at	O
night	O
.	O


While	O
I	O
am	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
the	O
light	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
Jesus	O
said	O
this	O
,	O
he	O
spit	O
on	O
the	O
dirt	O
,	O
made	O
some	O
mud	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
man	O
's	O
eyes	O
.	O


Jesus	O
told	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Go	O
and	O
wash	O
in	O
Siloam	O
pool	O
.	O
''	O


-LRB-	O
Siloam	O
means	O
``	O
Sent	O
.	O
''	O
-RRB-	O


So	O
the	O
man	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
pool	O
,	O
washed	O
and	O
came	O
back	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
now	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


His	O
neighbors	O
and	O
some	O
others	O
who	O
had	O
seen	O
him	O
begging	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Look	O
!	O


Is	O
this	O
the	O
same	O
man	O
who	O
always	O
sits	O
and	O
begs	O
?	O
''	O


Some	O
people	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Yes	O
!	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
others	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
No	O
,	O
he	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
the	O
same	O
man	O
.	O


He	O
only	O
looks	O
like	O
him	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
man	O
himself	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
am	O
that	O
same	O
man	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
What	O
happened	O
?	O


How	O
did	O
you	O
get	O
your	O
sight	O
?	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
man	O
they	O
call	O
Jesus	O
made	O
some	O
mud	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
on	O
my	O
eyes	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
told	O
me	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Siloam	O
and	O
wash	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
went	O
there	O
and	O
washed	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
I	O
could	O
see	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
asked	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Where	O
is	O
this	O
man	O
?	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
people	O
brought	O
the	O
man	O
to	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
.	O


The	O
day	O
Jesus	O
had	O
made	O
mud	O
and	O
healed	O
the	O
man	O
's	O
eyes	O
was	O
a	O
Sabbath	O
day	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
asked	O
the	O
man	O
,	O
``	O
How	O
did	O
you	O
get	O
your	O
sight	O
?	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
He	O
put	O
mud	O
on	O
my	O
eyes	O
.	O


I	O
washed	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
can	O
see	O
.	O
''	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
That	O
man	O
does	O
not	O
obey	O
the	O
law	O
about	O
the	O
Sabbath	O
day	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
is	O
not	O
from	O
God	O
.	O
''	O


Others	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
But	O
someone	O
who	O
is	O
a	O
sinner	O
can	O
not	O
do	O
these	O
miraculous	O
signs	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
agree	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
the	O
man	O
again	O
,	O
``	O
Since	O
it	O
was	O
your	O
eyes	O
he	O
healed	O
,	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
say	O
about	O
him	O
?	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
He	O
is	O
a	O
prophet	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
still	O
did	O
not	O
believe	O
that	O
this	O
really	O
happened	O
to	O
the	O
man	O
--	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
blind	O
and	O
was	O
now	O
healed	O
.	O


But	O
later	O
they	O
sent	O
for	O
his	O
parents	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Is	O
this	O
your	O
son	O
?	O


You	O
say	O
he	O
was	O
born	O
blind	O
.	O


So	O
how	O
can	O
he	O
see	O
?	O
''	O


His	O
parents	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
know	O
that	O
this	O
man	O
is	O
our	O
son	O
.	O


And	O
we	O
know	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
born	O
blind	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
why	O
he	O
can	O
see	O
now	O
.	O


We	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
who	O
healed	O
his	O
eyes	O
.	O


Ask	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
old	O
enough	O
to	O
answer	O
for	O
himself	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
said	O
this	O
because	O
they	O
were	O
afraid	O
of	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
.	O


The	O
leaders	O
had	O
already	O
decided	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
punish	O
anyone	O
who	O
said	O
Jesus	O
was	O
the	O
Christ	O
.	O


They	O
would	O
stop	O
them	O
from	O
coming	O
to	O
the	O
synagogue	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
why	O
his	O
parents	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
He	O
is	O
old	O
enough	O
.	O


Ask	O
him	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
called	O
the	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
blind	O
.	O


They	O
told	O
him	O
to	O
come	O
in	O
again	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
should	O
honor	O
God	O
by	O
telling	O
the	O
truth	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
that	O
this	O
man	O
is	O
a	O
sinner	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
if	O
he	O
is	O
a	O
sinner	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
do	O
know	O
this	O
:	O
I	O
was	O
blind	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
can	O
see	O
.	O
''	O


They	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
What	O
did	O
he	O
do	O
to	O
you	O
?	O


How	O
did	O
he	O
heal	O
your	O
eyes	O
?	O
''	O


He	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
have	O
already	O
told	O
you	O
that	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
would	O
not	O
listen	O
to	O
me	O
.	O


Why	O
do	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
hear	O
it	O
again	O
?	O


Do	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
his	O
followers	O
too	O
?	O
''	O


At	O
this	O
they	O
shouted	O
insults	O
at	O
him	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
are	O
his	O
follower	O
,	O
not	O
us	O
!	O


We	O
are	O
followers	O
of	O
Moses	O
.	O


We	O
know	O
that	O
God	O
spoke	O
to	O
Moses	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
know	O
where	O
this	O
man	O
comes	O
from	O
!	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
really	O
strange	O
!	O


You	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
where	O
he	O
comes	O
from	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
healed	O
my	O
eyes	O
.	O


We	O
all	O
know	O
that	O
God	O
does	O
not	O
listen	O
to	O
sinners	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
will	O
listen	O
to	O
anyone	O
who	O
worships	O
and	O
obeys	O
him	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
we	O
have	O
ever	O
heard	O
of	O
anyone	O
healing	O
the	O
eyes	O
of	O
someone	O
born	O
blind	O
.	O


This	O
man	O
must	O
be	O
from	O
God	O
.	O


If	O
he	O
were	O
not	O
from	O
God	O
,	O
he	O
could	O
not	O
do	O
anything	O
like	O
this	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
were	O
born	O
full	O
of	O
sin	O
!	O


Are	O
you	O
trying	O
to	O
teach	O
us	O
?	O
''	O


And	O
they	O
told	O
the	O
man	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
synagogue	O
and	O
to	O
stay	O
out	O
.	O


When	O
Jesus	O
heard	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
forced	O
the	O
man	O
to	O
leave	O
,	O
he	O
found	O
him	O
and	O
asked	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
you	O
believe	O
in	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Tell	O
me	O
who	O
he	O
is	O
,	O
sir	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
believe	O
in	O
him	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
have	O
already	O
seen	O
him	O
.	O


The	O
Son	O
of	O
Man	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
talking	O
with	O
you	O
now	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
man	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Yes	O
,	O
I	O
believe	O
,	O
Lord	O
!	O
''	O


Then	O
he	O
bowed	O
and	O
worshiped	O
Jesus	O
.	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
came	O
into	O
this	O
world	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
world	O
could	O
be	O
judged	O
.	O


I	O
came	O
so	O
that	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
blind	O
could	O
see	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
came	O
so	O
that	O
people	O
who	O
think	O
they	O
see	O
would	O
become	O
blind	O
.	O
''	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
Pharisees	O
were	O
near	O
Jesus	O
.	O


They	O
heard	O
him	O
say	O
this	O
.	O


They	O
asked	O
,	O
``	O
What	O
?	O


Are	O
you	O
saying	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
blind	O
too	O
?	O
''	O


Jesus	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
you	O
were	O
really	O
blind	O
,	O
you	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
guilty	O
of	O
sin	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
say	O
that	O
you	O
see	O
,	O
so	O
you	O
are	O
still	O
guilty	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Pilate	O
ordered	O
that	O
Jesus	O
be	O
taken	O
away	O
and	O
whipped	O
.	O


The	O
soldiers	O
made	O
a	O
crown	O
from	O
thorny	O
branches	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
on	O
his	O
head	O
.	O


Then	O
they	O
put	O
a	O
purple	O
robe	O
around	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
kept	O
coming	O
up	O
to	O
him	O
and	O
saying	O
,	O
``	O
Hail	O
to	O
the	O
king	O
of	O
the	O
Jews	O
!	O
''	O


And	O
they	O
hit	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
face	O
.	O


Again	O
Pilate	O
came	O
out	O
and	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
,	O
``	O
Look	O
!	O


I	O
am	O
bringing	O
Jesus	O
out	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
you	O
to	O
know	O
that	O
I	O
find	O
nothing	O
I	O
can	O
charge	O
him	O
with	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
Jesus	O
came	O
out	O
wearing	O
the	O
crown	O
of	O
thorns	O
and	O
the	O
purple	O
robe	O
.	O


Pilate	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
Jews	O
,	O
``	O
Here	O
is	O
the	O
man	O
!	O
''	O


When	O
the	O
leading	O
priests	O
and	O
the	O
Jewish	O
guards	O
saw	O
Jesus	O
they	O
shouted	O
,	O
``	O
Kill	O
him	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
!	O


Kill	O
him	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
!	O
''	O


But	O
Pilate	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
take	O
him	O
and	O
nail	O
him	O
to	O
a	O
cross	O
yourselves	O
.	O


I	O
find	O
nothing	O
I	O
can	O
charge	O
him	O
with	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
a	O
law	O
that	O
says	O
he	O
must	O
die	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
said	O
he	O
is	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
God	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
Pilate	O
heard	O
this	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
more	O
afraid	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
went	O
back	O
inside	O
the	O
palace	O
and	O
asked	O
Jesus	O
,	O
``	O
Where	O
are	O
you	O
from	O
?	O
''	O


But	O
Jesus	O
did	O
not	O
answer	O
him	O
.	O


Pilate	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
You	O
refuse	O
to	O
speak	O
to	O
me	O
?	O


Remember	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
make	O
you	O
free	O
or	O
to	O
kill	O
you	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
.	O
''	O


Jesus	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
only	O
power	O
you	O
have	O
over	O
me	O
is	O
the	O
power	O
given	O
to	O
you	O
by	O
God	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
handed	O
me	O
over	O
to	O
you	O
is	O
guilty	O
of	O
a	O
greater	O
sin	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
this	O
,	O
Pilate	O
tried	O
to	O
let	O
Jesus	O
go	O
free	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
shouted	O
,	O
``	O
Anyone	O
who	O
makes	O
himself	O
a	O
king	O
is	O
against	O
Caesar	O
.	O


So	O
if	O
you	O
let	O
this	O
man	O
go	O
free	O
,	O
that	O
means	O
you	O
are	O
not	O
Caesar	O
's	O
friend	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
Pilate	O
heard	O
this	O
,	O
he	O
brought	O
Jesus	O
out	O
to	O
the	O
place	O
called	O
``	O
The	O
Stone	O
Pavement	O
.	O
''	O


-LRB-	O
In	O
Aramaic	O
the	O
name	O
is	O
Gabbatha	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


Pilate	O
sat	O
down	O
on	O
the	O
judge	O
's	O
seat	O
there	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
now	O
almost	O
noon	O
on	O
Preparation	O
day	O
of	O
Passover	O
week	O
.	O


Pilate	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
Jews	O
,	O
``	O
Here	O
is	O
your	O
king	O
!	O
''	O


They	O
shouted	O
,	O
``	O
Take	O
him	O
away	O
!	O


Take	O
him	O
away	O
!	O


Kill	O
him	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
!	O
''	O


Pilate	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
you	O
want	O
me	O
to	O
kill	O
your	O
king	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
leading	O
priests	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
only	O
king	O
we	O
have	O
is	O
Caesar	O
!	O
''	O


So	O
Pilate	O
handed	O
Jesus	O
over	O
to	O
them	O
to	O
be	O
killed	O
on	O
a	O
cross	O
.	O


The	O
soldiers	O
took	O
Jesus	O
.	O


He	O
carried	O
his	O
own	O
cross	O
to	O
a	O
place	O
called	O
``	O
The	O
Place	O
of	O
the	O
Skull	O
.	O
''	O


-LRB-	O
In	O
Aramaic	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
this	O
place	O
is	O
``	O
Golgotha	O
.	O
''	O
-RRB-	O


There	O
they	O
nailed	O
Jesus	O
to	O
the	O
cross	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
nailed	O
two	O
other	O
men	O
to	O
crosses	O
.	O


They	O
put	O
them	O
on	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
Jesus	O
with	O
him	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
.	O


Pilate	O
told	O
them	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
sign	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
cross	O
.	O


The	O
sign	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
jesus	O
of	O
nazareth	O
,	O
the	O
king	O
of	O
the	O
jews	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
sign	O
was	O
written	O
in	O
Aramaic	O
,	O
in	O
Latin	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
Greek	O
.	O


Many	O
of	O
the	O
Jews	O
read	O
this	O
sign	O
,	O
because	O
the	O
place	O
where	O
Jesus	O
was	O
nailed	O
to	O
the	O
cross	O
was	O
near	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


The	O
leading	O
Jewish	O
priests	O
said	O
to	O
Pilate	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
write	O
,	O
'	O
The	O
King	O
of	O
the	O
Jews	O
.	O
'	O


But	O
write	O
,	O
'	O
This	O
man	O
said	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
the	O
King	O
of	O
the	O
Jews	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


Pilate	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
will	O
not	O
change	O
what	O
I	O
have	O
written	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
the	O
soldiers	O
nailed	O
Jesus	O
to	O
the	O
cross	O
,	O
they	O
took	O
his	O
clothes	O
and	O
divided	O
them	O
into	O
four	O
parts	O
.	O


Each	O
soldier	O
got	O
one	O
part	O
.	O


They	O
also	O
took	O
his	O
tunic	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
all	O
one	O
piece	O
of	O
cloth	O
woven	O
from	O
top	O
to	O
bottom	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
soldiers	O
said	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
should	O
not	O
tear	O
this	O
into	O
parts	O
.	O


Let	O
's	O
throw	O
lots	O
to	O
see	O
who	O
will	O
get	O
it	O
.	O
''	O


This	O
happened	O
to	O
make	O
clear	O
the	O
full	O
meaning	O
of	O
what	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
:	O
``	O
They	O
divided	O
my	O
clothes	O
among	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
threw	O
lots	O
for	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
wearing	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
the	O
soldiers	O
did	O
this	O
.	O


Jesus	O
'	O
mother	O
stood	O
near	O
his	O
cross	O
.	O


Her	O
sister	O
was	O
also	O
standing	O
there	O
with	O
Mary	O
the	O
wife	O
of	O
Clopas	O
,	O
and	O
Mary	O
Magdalene	O
.	O


Jesus	O
saw	O
his	O
mother	O
.	O


He	O
also	O
saw	O
the	O
follower	O
he	O
loved	O
very	O
much	O
standing	O
there	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
to	O
his	O
mother	O
,	O
``	O
Dear	O
woman	O
,	O
here	O
is	O
your	O
son	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
he	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
follower	O
,	O
``	O
Here	O
is	O
your	O
mother	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
after	O
that	O
,	O
this	O
follower	O
took	O
Jesus	O
'	O
mother	O
to	O
live	O
in	O
his	O
home	O
.	O


Later	O
,	O
Jesus	O
knew	O
that	O
everything	O
had	O
been	O
done	O
.	O


To	O
make	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
come	O
true	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
am	O
thirsty	O
.	O
''	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
jar	O
full	O
of	O
sour	O
wine	O
there	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
soldiers	O
soaked	O
a	O
sponge	O
in	O
it	O
.	O


They	O
put	O
the	O
sponge	O
on	O
a	O
branch	O
of	O
a	O
hyssop	O
plant	O
and	O
lifted	O
it	O
to	O
Jesus	O
'	O
mouth	O
.	O


When	O
he	O
tasted	O
the	O
wine	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
It	O
is	O
finished	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
he	O
bowed	O
his	O
head	O
and	O
died	O
.	O


This	O
day	O
was	O
Preparation	O
day	O
.	O


The	O
next	O
day	O
was	O
a	O
special	O
Sabbath	O
day	O
.	O


The	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
the	O
bodies	O
to	O
stay	O
on	O
the	O
cross	O
on	O
the	O
Sabbath	O
day	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
asked	O
Pilate	O
to	O
order	O
that	O
the	O
legs	O
of	O
the	O
men	O
be	O
broken	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
asked	O
that	O
the	O
bodies	O
be	O
taken	O
down	O
from	O
the	O
crosses	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
soldiers	O
came	O
and	O
broke	O
the	O
legs	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
men	O
on	O
the	O
crosses	O
beside	O
Jesus	O
.	O


But	O
when	O
the	O
soldiers	O
came	O
close	O
to	O
Jesus	O
,	O
they	O
saw	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
already	O
dead	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
break	O
his	O
legs	O
.	O


But	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
soldiers	O
stuck	O
his	O
spear	O
into	O
Jesus	O
'	O


side	O
.	O


Immediately	O
blood	O
and	O
water	O
came	O
out	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
The	O
one	O
who	O
saw	O
this	O
happen	O
has	O
told	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
about	O
it	O
so	O
that	O
you	O
also	O
can	O
believe	O
.	O


The	O
things	O
he	O
says	O
are	O
true	O
.	O


He	O
knows	O
that	O
he	O
tells	O
the	O
truth	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


These	O
things	O
happened	O
to	O
give	O
full	O
meaning	O
to	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
that	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
None	O
of	O
his	O
bones	O
will	O
be	O
broken	O
''	O


and	O
``	O
People	O
will	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
one	O
they	O
stabbed	O
.	O
''	O


Later	O
,	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Joseph	O
from	O
Arimathea	O
asked	O
Pilate	O
for	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Jesus	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
Joseph	O
was	O
a	O
follower	O
of	O
Jesus	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
tell	O
anyone	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
afraid	O
of	O
the	O
Jewish	O
leaders	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


Pilate	O
said	O
Joseph	O
could	O
take	O
Jesus	O
'	O
body	O
,	O
so	O
he	O
came	O
and	O
took	O
it	O
away	O
.	O


Nicodemus	O
went	O
with	O
Joseph	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
the	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
come	O
to	O
Jesus	O
before	O
and	O
talked	O
to	O
him	O
at	O
night	O
.	O


He	O
brought	O
about	O
100	O
pounds	O
of	O
spices	O
--	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
myrrh	O
and	O
aloes	O
.	O


These	O
two	O
men	O
took	O
Jesus	O
'	O
body	O
and	O
wrapped	O
it	O
in	O
pieces	O
of	O
linen	O
cloth	O
with	O
the	O
spices	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
This	O
is	O
how	O
the	O
Jews	O
bury	O
people	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


In	O
the	O
place	O
where	O
Jesus	O
was	O
killed	O
on	O
the	O
cross	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
garden	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
garden	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
new	O
tomb	O
.	O


No	O
one	O
had	O
ever	O
been	O
buried	O
there	O
before	O
.	O


The	O
men	O
put	O
Jesus	O
in	O
that	O
tomb	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
near	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Jews	O
were	O
preparing	O
to	O
start	O
their	O
Sabbath	O
day	O
.	O


In	O
Jerusalem	O
Saul	O
was	O
still	O
trying	O
to	O
scare	O
the	O
followers	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
,	O
even	O
saying	O
he	O
would	O
kill	O
them	O
.	O


He	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
and	O
asked	O
him	O
to	O
write	O
letters	O
to	O
the	O
synagogues	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Damascus	O
.	O


Saul	O
wanted	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
to	O
give	O
him	O
the	O
authority	O
to	O
find	O
people	O
in	O
Damascus	O
who	O
were	O
followers	O
of	O
the	O
Way	O
.	O


If	O
he	O
found	O
any	O
believers	O
there	O
,	O
men	O
or	O
women	O
,	O
he	O
would	O
arrest	O
them	O
and	O
bring	O
them	O
back	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


So	O
Saul	O
went	O
to	O
Damascus	O
.	O


When	O
he	O
came	O
near	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
a	O
very	O
bright	O
light	O
from	O
heaven	O
suddenly	O
shined	O
around	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
fell	O
to	O
the	O
ground	O
and	O
heard	O
a	O
voice	O
saying	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Saul	O
,	O
Saul	O
!	O


Why	O
are	O
you	O
persecuting	O
me	O
?	O
''	O


Saul	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Who	O
are	O
you	O
,	O
Lord	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
voice	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
am	O
Jesus	O
,	O
the	O
one	O
you	O
are	O
persecuting	O
.	O


Get	O
up	O
now	O
and	O
go	O
into	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


Someone	O
there	O
will	O
tell	O
you	O
what	O
you	O
must	O
do	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
men	O
traveling	O
with	O
Saul	O
just	O
stood	O
there	O
,	O
unable	O
to	O
speak	O
.	O


They	O
heard	O
the	O
voice	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
saw	O
no	O
one	O
.	O


Saul	O
got	O
up	O
from	O
the	O
ground	O
and	O
opened	O
his	O
eyes	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
could	O
not	O
see	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
men	O
with	O
him	O
held	O
his	O
hand	O
and	O
led	O
him	O
into	O
Damascus	O
.	O


For	O
three	O
days	O
Saul	O
could	O
not	O
see	O
;	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
eat	O
or	O
drink	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
a	O
follower	O
of	O
Jesus	O
in	O
Damascus	O
named	O
Ananias	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
vision	O
the	O
Lord	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Ananias	O
!	O
''	O


Ananias	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Here	O
I	O
am	O
,	O
Lord	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
Lord	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Get	O
up	O
and	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
street	O
called	O
Straight	O
Street	O
.	O


Find	O
the	O
house	O
of	O
Judas	O
and	O
ask	O
for	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Saul	O
from	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Tarsus	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
there	O
now	O
,	O
praying	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
seen	O
a	O
vision	O
in	O
which	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Ananias	O
came	O
and	O
laid	O
his	O
hands	O
on	O
him	O
so	O
that	O
he	O
could	O
see	O
again	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
Ananias	O
answered	O
,	O
``	O
Lord	O
,	O
many	O
people	O
have	O
told	O
me	O
about	O
this	O
man	O
.	O


They	O
told	O
me	O
about	O
the	O
many	O
bad	O
things	O
he	O
did	O
to	O
your	O
holy	O
people	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


Now	O
he	O
has	O
come	O
here	O
to	O
Damascus	O
.	O


The	O
leading	O
priests	O
have	O
given	O
him	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
arrest	O
all	O
people	O
who	O
trust	O
in	O
you	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
the	O
Lord	O
Jesus	O
said	O
to	O
Ananias	O
,	O
``	O
Go	O
!	O


I	O
have	O
chosen	O
Saul	O
for	O
an	O
important	O
work	O
.	O


He	O
must	O
tell	O
about	O
me	O
to	O
other	O
nations	O
and	O
their	O
rulers	O
and	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Israel	O
.	O


I	O
will	O
show	O
him	O
all	O
that	O
he	O
must	O
suffer	O
for	O
me	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
Ananias	O
left	O
and	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
house	O
of	O
Judas	O
.	O


He	O
laid	O
his	O
hands	O
on	O
Saul	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Saul	O
,	O
my	O
brother	O
,	O
the	O
Lord	O
Jesus	O
sent	O
me	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
you	O
saw	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
when	O
you	O
came	O
here	O
.	O


He	O
sent	O
me	O
so	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
see	O
again	O
and	O
also	O
be	O
filled	O
with	O
the	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
.	O
''	O


Immediately	O
,	O
something	O
that	O
looked	O
like	O
fish	O
scales	O
fell	O
off	O
Saul	O
's	O
eyes	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
!	O


Then	O
he	O
got	O
up	O
and	O
was	O
baptized	O
.	O


After	O
he	O
ate	O
,	O
he	O
began	O
to	O
feel	O
strong	O
again	O
.	O


Saul	O
stayed	O
with	O
the	O
followers	O
of	O
Jesus	O
in	O
Damascus	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
.	O


Soon	O
he	O
began	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
synagogues	O
and	O
tell	O
people	O
about	O
Jesus	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
the	O
people	O
,	O
``	O
Jesus	O
is	O
the	O
Son	O
of	O
God	O
!	O
''	O


All	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
heard	O
Saul	O
were	O
amazed	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
man	O
who	O
was	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
trying	O
to	O
destroy	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
trust	O
in	O
Jesus	O
!	O


And	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
he	O
has	O
come	O
here	O
--	O
to	O
arrest	O
the	O
followers	O
of	O
Jesus	O
and	O
take	O
them	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
leading	O
priests	O
.	O
''	O


But	O
Saul	O
became	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
powerful	O
in	O
proving	O
that	O
Jesus	O
is	O
the	O
Christ	O
.	O


His	O
proofs	O
were	O
so	O
strong	O
that	O
the	O
Jews	O
who	O
lived	O
in	O
Damascus	O
could	O
not	O
argue	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


After	O
many	O
days	O
,	O
some	O
Jews	O
made	O
plans	O
to	O
kill	O
Saul	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
watching	O
the	O
city	O
gates	O
day	O
and	O
night	O
.	O


They	O
wanted	O
to	O
kill	O
Saul	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
learned	O
about	O
their	O
plan	O
.	O


One	O
night	O
some	O
followers	O
that	O
Saul	O
had	O
taught	O
helped	O
him	O
leave	O
the	O
city	O
.	O


They	O
put	O
him	O
in	O
a	O
basket	O
and	O
lowered	O
it	O
down	O
through	O
a	O
hole	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
wall	O
.	O


Then	O
Saul	O
went	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
tried	O
to	O
join	O
the	O
group	O
of	O
followers	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
all	O
afraid	O
of	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
believe	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
really	O
a	O
follower	O
of	O
Jesus	O
.	O


But	O
Barnabas	O
accepted	O
Saul	O
and	O
took	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
apostles	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
them	O
how	O
Saul	O
had	O
seen	O
the	O
Lord	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
and	O
how	O
the	O
Lord	O
had	O
spoken	O
to	O
Saul	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
told	O
them	O
how	O
boldly	O
Saul	O
had	O
spoken	O
for	O
the	O
Lord	O
in	O
Damascus	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
Saul	O
stayed	O
with	O
the	O
followers	O
and	O
went	O
all	O
around	O
Jerusalem	O
speaking	O
boldly	O
for	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


He	O
often	O
had	O
arguments	O
with	O
the	O
Greek	O
-	O
speaking	O
Jews	O
,	O
who	O
began	O
making	O
plans	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
believers	O
learned	O
about	O
this	O
,	O
they	O
took	O
Saul	O
to	O
Caesarea	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
there	O
they	O
sent	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Tarsus	O
.	O


The	O
church	O
in	O
Judea	O
,	O
Galilee	O
,	O
and	O
Samaria	O
had	O
a	O
time	O
of	O
peace	O
.	O


With	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
the	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
,	O
the	O
groups	O
of	O
believers	O
became	O
stronger	O
and	O
showed	O
their	O
respect	O
for	O
the	O
Lord	O
by	O
the	O
way	O
they	O
lived	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
church	O
everywhere	O
grew	O
in	O
numbers	O
.	O


Peter	O
was	O
traveling	O
through	O
all	O
the	O
areas	O
around	O
Jerusalem	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
stopped	O
to	O
visit	O
the	O
believers	O
who	O
lived	O
in	O
Lydda	O
.	O


There	O
he	O
met	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Aeneas	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
paralyzed	O
and	O
had	O
not	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
bed	O
for	O
the	O
past	O
eight	O
years	O
.	O


Peter	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Aeneas	O
,	O
Jesus	O
Christ	O
heals	O
you	O
.	O


Get	O
up	O
and	O
make	O
your	O
bed	O
!	O
''	O


He	O
stood	O
up	O
immediately	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
people	O
living	O
in	O
Lydda	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
plain	O
of	O
Sharon	O
saw	O
him	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
decided	O
to	O
follow	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Joppa	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
follower	O
of	O
Jesus	O
named	O
Tabitha	O
.	O


Her	O
Greek	O
name	O
,	O
Dorcas	O
,	O
means	O
``	O
a	O
deer	O
.	O
''	O


She	O
was	O
always	O
doing	O
good	O
things	O
for	O
people	O
and	O
giving	O
money	O
to	O
those	O
in	O
need	O
.	O


While	O
Peter	O
was	O
in	O
Lydda	O
,	O
Tabitha	O
became	O
sick	O
and	O
died	O
.	O


They	O
washed	O
her	O
body	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
an	O
upstairs	O
room	O
.	O


The	O
followers	O
in	O
Joppa	O
heard	O
that	O
Peter	O
was	O
in	O
Lydda	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
far	O
away	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
sent	O
two	O
men	O
,	O
who	O
begged	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
Hurry	O
,	O
please	O
come	O
quickly	O
!	O
''	O


Peter	O
got	O
ready	O
and	O
went	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


When	O
he	O
arrived	O
,	O
they	O
took	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
upstairs	O
room	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
widows	O
stood	O
around	O
him	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
crying	O
and	O
showing	O
him	O
the	O
coats	O
and	O
other	O
clothes	O
that	O
Tabitha	O
had	O
made	O
during	O
her	O
time	O
with	O
them	O
.	O


Peter	O
sent	O
all	O
the	O
people	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
room	O
.	O


He	O
knelt	O
down	O
and	O
prayed	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
turned	O
to	O
Tabitha	O
's	O
body	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Tabitha	O
,	O
stand	O
up	O
!	O
''	O


She	O
opened	O
her	O
eyes	O
.	O


When	O
she	O
saw	O
Peter	O
,	O
she	O
sat	O
up	O
.	O


He	O
gave	O
her	O
his	O
hand	O
and	O
helped	O
her	O
stand	O
up	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
called	O
the	O
believers	O
and	O
the	O
widows	O
into	O
the	O
room	O
.	O


He	O
showed	O
them	O
Tabitha	O
;	O
she	O
was	O
alive	O
!	O


People	O
everywhere	O
in	O
Joppa	O
learned	O
about	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
believed	O
in	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


Peter	O
stayed	O
in	O
Joppa	O
for	O
many	O
days	O
at	O
the	O
home	O
of	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Simon	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
leatherworker	O
.	O


While	O
Apollos	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Corinth	O
,	O
Paul	O
was	O
visiting	O
some	O
places	O
on	O
his	O
way	O
to	O
Ephesus	O
.	O


In	O
Ephesus	O
he	O
found	O
some	O
other	O
followers	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


He	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Did	O
you	O
receive	O
the	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
when	O
you	O
believed	O
?	O
''	O


These	O
followers	O
said	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
``	O
We	O
have	O
never	O
even	O
heard	O
of	O
a	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
!	O
''	O


Paul	O
asked	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
So	O
what	O
kind	O
of	O
baptism	O
did	O
you	O
have	O
?	O
''	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
It	O
was	O
the	O
baptism	O
that	O
John	O
taught	O
.	O
''	O


Paul	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
John	O
told	O
people	O
to	O
be	O
baptized	O
to	O
show	O
they	O
wanted	O
to	O
change	O
their	O
lives	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
people	O
to	O
believe	O
in	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
would	O
come	O
after	O
him	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
one	O
is	O
Jesus	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
these	O
followers	O
heard	O
this	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
baptized	O
in	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
Jesus	O
.	O


Then	O
Paul	O
laid	O
his	O
hands	O
on	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
came	O
on	O
them	O
.	O


They	O
began	O
speaking	O
different	O
languages	O
and	O
prophesying	O
.	O


There	O
were	O
about	O
twelve	O
men	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
.	O


Paul	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
synagogue	O
and	O
spoke	O
very	O
boldly	O
.	O


He	O
continued	O
doing	O
this	O
for	O
three	O
months	O
.	O


He	O
talked	O
with	O
the	O
Jews	O
,	O
trying	O
to	O
persuade	O
them	O
to	O
accept	O
what	O
he	O
was	O
telling	O
them	O
about	O
God	O
's	O
kingdom	O
.	O


But	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
became	O
stubborn	O
and	O
refused	O
to	O
believe	O
.	O


In	O
front	O
of	O
everyone	O
,	O
they	O
said	O
bad	O
things	O
about	O
the	O
Way	O
.	O


So	O
Paul	O
left	O
these	O
Jews	O
and	O
took	O
the	O
Lord	O
's	O
followers	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
went	O
to	O
a	O
place	O
where	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Tyrannus	O
had	O
a	O
school	O
.	O


There	O
Paul	O
talked	O
with	O
people	O
every	O
day	O
.	O


He	O
did	O
this	O
for	O
two	O
years	O
.	O


Because	O
of	O
this	O
work	O
,	O
everyone	O
in	O
Asia	O
,	O
Jews	O
and	O
Greeks	O
,	O
heard	O
the	O
word	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


God	O
used	O
Paul	O
to	O
do	O
some	O
very	O
special	O
miracles	O
.	O


Some	O
people	O
carried	O
away	O
handkerchiefs	O
and	O
clothes	O
that	O
Paul	O
had	O
used	O
and	O
put	O
them	O
on	O
those	O
who	O
were	O
sick	O
.	O


The	O
sick	O
people	O
were	O
healed	O
,	O
and	O
evil	O
spirits	O
left	O
them	O
.	O


Some	O
Jews	O
also	O
were	O
traveling	O
around	O
forcing	O
evil	O
spirits	O
out	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


The	O
seven	O
sons	O
of	O
Sceva	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
leading	O
priests	O
,	O
were	O
doing	O
this	O
.	O


These	O
Jews	O
tried	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
Jesus	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
evil	O
spirits	O
go	O
out	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


They	O
all	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
By	O
the	O
same	O
Jesus	O
that	O
Paul	O
talks	O
about	O
,	O
I	O
order	O
you	O
to	O
come	O
out	O
!	O
''	O


But	O
one	O
time	O
an	O
evil	O
spirit	O
said	O
to	O
these	O
Jews	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
know	O
Jesus	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
know	O
about	O
Paul	O
,	O
but	O
who	O
are	O
you	O
?	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
the	O
evil	O
spirit	O
inside	O
him	O
jumped	O
on	O
these	O
Jews	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
much	O
stronger	O
than	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
.	O


He	O
beat	O
them	O
up	O
and	O
tore	O
their	O
clothes	O
off	O
.	O


They	O
all	O
ran	O
away	O
from	O
that	O
house	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
Ephesus	O
,	O
Jews	O
and	O
Greeks	O
,	O
learned	O
about	O
this	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
all	O
filled	O
with	O
fear	O
and	O
gave	O
great	O
honor	O
to	O
the	O
Lord	O
Jesus	O
.	O


Many	O
of	O
the	O
believers	O
began	O
to	O
confess	O
,	O
telling	O
about	O
all	O
the	O
evil	O
things	O
they	O
had	O
done	O
.	O


Some	O
of	O
them	O
had	O
used	O
magic	O
.	O


These	O
believers	O
brought	O
their	O
magic	O
books	O
and	O
burned	O
them	O
before	O
everyone	O
.	O


These	O
books	O
were	O
worth	O
about	O
50	O
,	O
000	O
silver	O
coins	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
how	O
the	O
word	O
of	O
the	O
Lord	O
was	O
spreading	O
in	O
a	O
powerful	O
way	O
,	O
causing	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
people	O
to	O
believe	O
.	O


After	O
this	O
,	O
Paul	O
made	O
plans	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
planned	O
to	O
go	O
through	O
the	O
regions	O
of	O
Macedonia	O
and	O
Achaia	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
go	O
to	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O


He	O
thought	O
,	O
``	O
After	O
I	O
visit	O
Jerusalem	O
,	O
I	O
must	O
also	O
visit	O
Rome	O
.	O
''	O


Timothy	O
and	O
Erastus	O
were	O
two	O
of	O
his	O
helpers	O
.	O


Paul	O
sent	O
them	O
ahead	O
to	O
Macedonia	O
.	O


But	O
he	O
stayed	O
in	O
Asia	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
.	O


But	O
during	O
that	O
time	O
there	O
was	O
some	O
trouble	O
in	O
Ephesus	O
about	O
the	O
Way	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
how	O
it	O
all	O
happened	O
:	O
There	O
was	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Demetrius	O
.	O


He	O
worked	O
with	O
silver	O
.	O


He	O
made	O
little	O
silver	O
models	O
that	O
looked	O
like	O
the	O
temple	O
of	O
the	O
goddess	O
Artemis	O
.	O


The	O
men	O
who	O
did	O
this	O
work	O
made	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
money	O
.	O


Demetrius	O
had	O
a	O
meeting	O
with	O
these	O
men	O
and	O
some	O
others	O
who	O
did	O
the	O
same	O
kind	O
of	O
work	O
.	O


He	O
told	O
them	O
,	O
``	O
Men	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
that	O
we	O
make	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
money	O
from	O
our	O
business	O
.	O


But	O
look	O
at	O
what	O
this	O
man	O
Paul	O
is	O
doing	O
.	O


Listen	O
to	O
what	O
he	O
is	O
saying	O
.	O


He	O
has	O
convinced	O
many	O
people	O
in	O
Ephesus	O
and	O
all	O
over	O
Asia	O
to	O
change	O
their	O
religion	O
.	O


He	O
says	O
the	O
gods	O
that	O
people	O
make	O
by	O
hand	O
are	O
not	O
real	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
afraid	O
this	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
turn	O
people	O
against	O
our	O
business	O
.	O


But	O
there	O
is	O
also	O
another	O
problem	O
.	O


People	O
will	O
begin	O
to	O
think	O
that	O
the	O
temple	O
of	O
the	O
great	O
goddess	O
Artemis	O
is	O
not	O
important	O
.	O


Her	O
greatness	O
will	O
be	O
destroyed	O
.	O


And	O
Artemis	O
is	O
the	O
goddess	O
that	O
everyone	O
in	O
Asia	O
and	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
worships	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
the	O
men	O
heard	O
this	O
,	O
they	O
became	O
very	O
angry	O
.	O


They	O
shouted	O
,	O
``	O
Great	O
is	O
Artemis	O
,	O
the	O
goddess	O
of	O
Ephesus	O
!	O
''	O


The	O
whole	O
city	O
was	O
thrown	O
into	O
confusion	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
grabbed	O
Gaius	O
and	O
Aristarchus	O
,	O
men	O
from	O
Macedonia	O
who	O
were	O
traveling	O
with	O
Paul	O
,	O
and	O
rushed	O
all	O
together	O
into	O
the	O
stadium	O
.	O


Paul	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
in	O
and	O
talk	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
Lord	O
's	O
followers	O
did	O
not	O
let	O
him	O
go	O
.	O


Also	O
,	O
some	O
leaders	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
who	O
were	O
friends	O
of	O
Paul	O
sent	O
him	O
a	O
message	O
telling	O
him	O
not	O
to	O
go	O
into	O
the	O
stadium	O
.	O


Some	O
people	O
were	O
shouting	O
one	O
thing	O
and	O
others	O
were	O
shouting	O
something	O
else	O
.	O


The	O
meeting	O
was	O
very	O
confused	O
.	O


Most	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
why	O
they	O
had	O
come	O
there	O
.	O


Some	O
Jews	O
made	O
a	O
man	O
named	O
Alexander	O
stand	O
before	O
the	O
crowd	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
told	O
him	O
what	O
to	O
say	O
.	O


Alexander	O
waved	O
his	O
hand	O
,	O
trying	O
to	O
explain	O
things	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


But	O
when	O
the	O
people	O
saw	O
that	O
Alexander	O
was	O
a	O
Jew	O
,	O
they	O
all	O
began	O
shouting	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
.	O


For	O
two	O
hours	O
they	O
continued	O
shouting	O
,	O
``	O
Great	O
is	O
Artemis	O
of	O
Ephesus	O
!	O


Great	O
is	O
Artemis	O
of	O
Ephesus	O
!	O


Great	O
is	O
Artemis	O
.	O
.	O
.	O
!	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
city	O
clerk	O
persuaded	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
be	O
quiet	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Men	O
of	O
Ephesus	O
,	O
everyone	O
knows	O
that	O
Ephesus	O
is	O
the	O
city	O
that	O
keeps	O
the	O
temple	O
of	O
the	O
great	O
goddess	O
Artemis	O
.	O


Everyone	O
knows	O
that	O
we	O
also	O
keep	O
her	O
holy	O
rock	O
.	O


No	O
one	O
can	O
deny	O
this	O
,	O
so	O
you	O
should	O
be	O
quiet	O
.	O


You	O
must	O
stop	O
and	O
think	O
before	O
you	O
do	O
anything	O
else	O
.	O


``	O
You	O
brought	O
these	O
men	O
here	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
have	O
not	O
said	O
anything	O
bad	O
against	O
our	O
goddess	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
not	O
stolen	O
anything	O
from	O
her	O
temple	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
courts	O
of	O
law	O
and	O
there	O
are	O
judges	O
.	O


Do	O
Demetrius	O
and	O
those	O
men	O
who	O
work	O
with	O
him	O
have	O
a	O
charge	O
against	O
anyone	O
?	O


They	O
should	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
courts	O
.	O


Let	O
them	O
argue	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
there	O
.	O


``	O
Is	O
there	O
something	O
else	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
talk	O
about	O
?	O


Then	O
come	O
to	O
the	O
regular	O
town	O
meeting	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


It	O
can	O
be	O
decided	O
there	O
.	O


I	O
say	O
this	O
because	O
someone	O
might	O
see	O
this	O
trouble	O
today	O
and	O
say	O
we	O
are	O
rioting	O
.	O


We	O
could	O
not	O
explain	O
all	O
this	O
trouble	O
,	O
because	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
real	O
reason	O
for	O
this	O
meeting	O
.	O
''	O


After	O
the	O
city	O
clerk	O
said	O
this	O
,	O
he	O
told	O
the	O
people	O
to	O
go	O
home	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
in	O
Christ	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
telling	O
you	O
the	O
truth	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
not	O
lying	O
.	O


And	O
my	O
conscience	O
,	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
,	O
agrees	O
that	O
what	O
I	O
say	O
now	O
is	O
true	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
great	O
sorrow	O
and	O
always	O
feel	O
much	O
sadness	O
for	O
my	O
own	O
people	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
my	O
brothers	O
and	O
sisters	O
,	O
my	O
earthly	O
family	O
.	O


I	O
wish	O
I	O
could	O
help	O
them	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
even	O
have	O
a	O
curse	O
on	O
me	O
and	O
cut	O
myself	O
off	O
from	O
Christ	O
if	O
that	O
would	O
help	O
them	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Israel	O
,	O
God	O
's	O
chosen	O
children	O
.	O


They	O
have	O
the	O
glory	O
of	O
God	O
and	O
the	O
agreements	O
he	O
made	O
between	O
himself	O
and	O
his	O
people	O
.	O


God	O
gave	O
them	O
the	O
Law	O
of	O
Moses	O
,	O
the	O
Temple	O
worship	O
,	O
and	O
his	O
promises	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
the	O
descendants	O
of	O
our	O
great	O
fathers	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
the	O
earthly	O
family	O
of	O
Christ	O
.	O


And	O
Christ	O
is	O
God	O
over	O
all	O
things	O
.	O


Praise	O
him	O
forever	O
!	O


Amen	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
mean	O
that	O
God	O
failed	O
to	O
keep	O
his	O
promise	O
to	O
the	O
Jewish	O
people	O
.	O


But	O
only	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Israel	O
are	O
really	O
God	O
's	O
people	O
.	O


And	O
only	O
some	O
of	O
Abraham	O
's	O
descendants	O
are	O
true	O
children	O
of	O
Abraham	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
what	O
God	O
said	O
to	O
Abraham	O
:	O
``	O
Your	O
true	O
descendants	O
will	O
be	O
those	O
who	O
come	O
through	O
Isaac	O
.	O
''	O


This	O
means	O
that	O
not	O
all	O
of	O
Abraham	O
's	O
descendants	O
are	O
God	O
's	O
true	O
children	O
.	O


Abraham	O
's	O
true	O
children	O
are	O
those	O
who	O
become	O
God	O
's	O
children	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
promise	O
he	O
made	O
to	O
Abraham	O
.	O


Here	O
is	O
what	O
God	O
said	O
in	O
that	O
promise	O
:	O
``	O
About	O
this	O
time	O
next	O
year	O
I	O
will	O
come	O
back	O
,	O
and	O
Sarah	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
son	O
.	O
''	O


And	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
all	O
.	O


Rebecca	O
also	O
had	O
sons	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
father	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
our	O
father	O
Isaac	O
.	O


But	O
before	O
the	O
two	O
sons	O
were	O
born	O
,	O
God	O
told	O
Rebecca	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
older	O
son	O
will	O
serve	O
the	O
younger	O
.	O
''	O


This	O
was	O
before	O
the	O
boys	O
had	O
done	O
anything	O
good	O
or	O
bad	O
.	O


God	O
said	O
this	O
before	O
they	O
were	O
born	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
boy	O
he	O
wanted	O
would	O
be	O
chosen	O
because	O
of	O
God	O
's	O
own	O
plan	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
chosen	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
the	O
one	O
God	O
wanted	O
to	O
call	O
,	O
not	O
because	O
of	O
anything	O
the	O
boys	O
did	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
loved	O
Jacob	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
hated	O
Esau	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
what	O
does	O
this	O
mean	O
?	O


That	O
God	O
is	O
not	O
fair	O
?	O


We	O
can	O
not	O
say	O
that	O
.	O


God	O
said	O
to	O
Moses	O
,	O
``	O
I	O
will	O
show	O
mercy	O
to	O
anyone	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
show	O
mercy	O
to	O
.	O


I	O
will	O
show	O
pity	O
to	O
anyone	O
I	O
choose	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
God	O
will	O
choose	O
anyone	O
he	O
decides	O
to	O
show	O
mercy	O
to	O
,	O
and	O
his	O
choice	O
does	O
not	O
depend	O
on	O
what	O
people	O
want	O
or	O
try	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
God	O
says	O
to	O
Pharaoh	O
:	O
``	O
I	O
made	O
you	O
king	O
so	O
that	O
you	O
could	O
do	O
this	O
for	O
me	O
.	O


I	O
wanted	O
to	O
show	O
my	O
power	O
through	O
you	O
.	O


I	O
wanted	O
my	O
name	O
to	O
be	O
announced	O
throughout	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
God	O
shows	O
mercy	O
to	O
those	O
he	O
wants	O
to	O
show	O
mercy	O
to	O
and	O
makes	O
stubborn	O
those	O
he	O
wants	O
to	O
make	O
stubborn	O
.	O


So	O
one	O
of	O
you	O
will	O
ask	O
me	O
,	O
``	O
If	O
God	O
controls	O
what	O
we	O
do	O
,	O
why	O
does	O
he	O
blame	O
us	O
for	O
our	O
sins	O
?	O
''	O


Do	O
n't	O
ask	O
that	O
.	O


You	O
are	O
only	O
human	O
and	O
have	O
no	O
right	O
to	O
question	O
God	O
.	O


A	O
clay	O
jar	O
does	O
not	O
question	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
made	O
it	O
.	O


It	O
does	O
not	O
say	O
,	O
``	O
Why	O
did	O
you	O
make	O
me	O
like	O
this	O
?	O
''	O


The	O
one	O
who	O
makes	O
the	O
jar	O
can	O
make	O
anything	O
he	O
wants	O
.	O


He	O
uses	O
the	O
same	O
clay	O
to	O
make	O
different	O
things	O
.	O


He	O
might	O
make	O
one	O
thing	O
for	O
special	O
purposes	O
and	O
another	O
for	O
daily	O
use	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
with	O
what	O
God	O
has	O
done	O
.	O


He	O
wanted	O
to	O
show	O
his	O
anger	O
and	O
to	O
let	O
people	O
see	O
his	O
power	O
.	O


But	O
he	O
patiently	O
endured	O
those	O
he	O
was	O
angry	O
with	O
--	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
ready	O
to	O
be	O
destroyed	O
.	O


He	O
waited	O
with	O
patience	O
so	O
that	O
he	O
could	O
make	O
known	O
the	O
riches	O
of	O
his	O
glory	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
he	O
has	O
chosen	O
to	O
receive	O
his	O
mercy	O
.	O


God	O
has	O
already	O
prepared	O
them	O
to	O
share	O
his	O
glory	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
those	O
people	O
,	O
the	O
ones	O
God	O
chose	O
not	O
only	O
from	O
the	O
Jews	O
but	O
also	O
from	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
not	O
Jews	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
in	O
the	O
book	O
of	O
Hosea	O
,	O
``	O
The	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
not	O
mine	O
--	O
I	O
will	O
say	O
they	O
are	O
my	O
people	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
people	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
love	O
--	O
I	O
will	O
say	O
they	O
are	O
the	O
people	O
I	O
love	O
.	O
''	O


And	O
,	O
``	O
Where	O
God	O
said	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
'	O
You	O
are	O
not	O
my	O
people	O
'	O
--	O
there	O
they	O
will	O
be	O
called	O
children	O
of	O
the	O
living	O
God	O
.	O
''	O


And	O
Isaiah	O
cries	O
out	O
about	O
Israel	O
:	O
``	O
There	O
are	O
so	O
many	O
people	O
of	O
Israel	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
like	O
the	O
grains	O
of	O
sand	O
by	O
the	O
sea	O
.	O


But	O
only	O
a	O
few	O
of	O
them	O
will	O
be	O
saved	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
the	O
Lord	O
will	O
quickly	O
finish	O
judging	O
the	O
people	O
on	O
the	O
earth	O
.	O
''	O


It	O
is	O
just	O
as	O
Isaiah	O
said	O
:	O
``	O
The	O
Lord	O
All	O
-	O
Powerful	O
allowed	O
some	O
of	O
our	O
people	O
to	O
live	O
.	O


If	O
he	O
had	O
not	O
done	O
that	O
,	O
we	O
would	O
now	O
be	O
like	O
Sodom	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
like	O
Gomorrah	O
.	O
''	O


So	O
what	O
does	O
all	O
this	O
mean	O
?	O


It	O
means	O
that	O
people	O
who	O
are	O
not	O
Jews	O
were	O
made	O
right	O
with	O
God	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
faith	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
they	O
were	O
not	O
trying	O
to	O
make	O
themselves	O
right	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Israel	O
,	O
who	O
tried	O
to	O
make	O
themselves	O
right	O
with	O
God	O
by	O
following	O
the	O
law	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
succeed	O
.	O


They	O
failed	O
because	O
they	O
tried	O
to	O
make	O
themselves	O
right	O
by	O
the	O
things	O
they	O
did	O
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
trust	O
in	O
God	O
to	O
make	O
them	O
right	O
.	O


They	O
fell	O
over	O
the	O
stone	O
that	O
makes	O
people	O
fall	O
.	O


The	O
Scriptures	O
talk	O
about	O
that	O
stone	O
:	O
``	O
Look	O
,	O
I	O
put	O
in	O
Zion	O
a	O
stone	O
that	O
will	O
make	O
people	O
stumble	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
a	O
rock	O
that	O
will	O
make	O
people	O
fall	O
.	O


But	O
anyone	O
who	O
trusts	O
in	O
him	O
will	O
never	O
be	O
disappointed	O
.	O
''	O


I	O
am	O
a	O
free	O
man	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
an	O
apostle	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
seen	O
Jesus	O
our	O
Lord	O
.	O


You	O
people	O
are	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
my	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


Others	O
may	O
not	O
accept	O
me	O
as	O
an	O
apostle	O
,	O
but	O
surely	O
you	O
do	O
.	O


You	O
are	O
proof	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
an	O
apostle	O
in	O
the	O
Lord	O
.	O


Some	O
people	O
want	O
to	O
judge	O
me	O
.	O


So	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
answer	O
I	O
give	O
them	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
eat	O
and	O
drink	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
we	O
?	O


We	O
have	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
bring	O
a	O
believing	O
wife	O
with	O
us	O
when	O
we	O
travel	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
we	O
?	O


The	O
other	O
apostles	O
and	O
the	O
Lord	O
's	O
brothers	O
and	O
Peter	O
all	O
do	O
this	O
.	O


And	O
are	O
Barnabas	O
and	O
I	O
the	O
only	O
ones	O
who	O
must	O
work	O
to	O
earn	O
our	O
living	O
?	O


No	O
soldier	O
ever	O
serves	O
in	O
the	O
army	O
and	O
pays	O
his	O
own	O
salary	O
.	O


No	O
one	O
ever	O
plants	O
a	O
vineyard	O
without	O
eating	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
grapes	O
himself	O
.	O


No	O
one	O
takes	O
care	O
of	O
a	O
flock	O
of	O
sheep	O
without	O
drinking	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
milk	O
himself	O
.	O


These	O
are	O
n't	O
just	O
my	O
own	O
thoughts	O
.	O


God	O
's	O
law	O
says	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
the	O
Law	O
of	O
Moses	O
:	O
``	O


When	O
a	O
work	O
animal	O
is	O
being	O
used	O
to	O
separate	O
grain	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
keep	O
it	O
from	O
eating	O
the	O
grain	O
.	O
''	O


When	O
God	O
said	O
this	O
,	O
was	O
he	O
thinking	O
only	O
about	O
work	O
animals	O
?	O


No	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
really	O
talking	O
about	O
us	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
that	O
was	O
written	O
for	O
us	O
.	O


The	O
one	O
who	O
plows	O
and	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
separates	O
the	O
grain	O
should	O
both	O
expect	O
to	O
get	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
grain	O
for	O
their	O
work	O
.	O


We	O
planted	O
spiritual	O
seed	O
among	O
you	O
,	O
so	O
we	O
should	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
harvest	O
from	O
you	O
some	O
things	O
for	O
this	O
life	O
.	O


Surely	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
asking	O
too	O
much	O
.	O


Others	O
have	O
this	O
right	O
to	O
get	O
things	O
from	O
you	O
.	O


So	O
surely	O
we	O
have	O
this	O
right	O
too	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
use	O
this	O
right	O
.	O


No	O
,	O
we	O
endure	O
everything	O
ourselves	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
stop	O
anyone	O
from	O
obeying	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
of	O
Christ	O
.	O


Surely	O
you	O
know	O
that	O
those	O
who	O
work	O
at	O
the	O
Temple	O
get	O
their	O
food	O
from	O
the	O
Temple	O
.	O


And	O
those	O
who	O
serve	O
at	O
the	O
altar	O
get	O
part	O
of	O
what	O
is	O
offered	O
at	O
the	O
altar	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
have	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
telling	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
.	O


The	O
Lord	O
has	O
commanded	O
that	O
those	O
who	O
tell	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
should	O
get	O
their	O
living	O
from	O
this	O
work	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
have	O
not	O
used	O
any	O
of	O
these	O
rights	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
trying	O
to	O
get	O
anything	O
from	O
you	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
not	O
my	O
purpose	O
for	O
writing	O
this	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
rather	O
die	O
than	O
to	O
have	O
someone	O
take	O
away	O
what	O
for	O
me	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
source	O
of	O
pride	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
my	O
work	O
of	O
telling	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
that	O
gives	O
me	O
any	O
reason	O
to	O
boast	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
my	O
duty	O
--	O
something	O
I	O
must	O
do	O
.	O


If	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
tell	O
people	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
in	O
real	O
trouble	O
.	O


If	O
I	O
did	O
it	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
my	O
own	O
choice	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
deserve	O
to	O
be	O
paid	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
have	O
no	O
choice	O
.	O


I	O
must	O
tell	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
am	O
only	O
doing	O
the	O
duty	O
that	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
me	O
.	O


So	O
what	O
do	O
I	O
get	O
for	O
doing	O
it	O
?	O


My	O
reward	O
is	O
that	O
when	O
I	O
tell	O
people	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
I	O
can	O
offer	O
it	O
to	O
them	O
for	O
free	O
and	O
not	O
use	O
the	O
rights	O
that	O
come	O
with	O
doing	O
this	O
work	O
.	O


I	O
am	O
free	O
.	O


I	O
belong	O
to	O
no	O
other	O
person	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
make	O
myself	O
a	O
slave	O
to	O
everyone	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
this	O
to	O
help	O
save	O
as	O
many	O
people	O
as	O
I	O
can	O
.	O


To	O
the	O
Jews	O
I	O
became	O
like	O
a	O
Jew	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
could	O
help	O
save	O
Jews	O
.	O


I	O
myself	O
am	O
not	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
law	O
,	O
but	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
law	O
I	O
became	O
like	O
someone	O
who	O
is	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


I	O
did	O
this	O
to	O
help	O
save	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


To	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
without	O
the	O
law	O
I	O
became	O
like	O
someone	O
who	O
is	O
without	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


I	O
did	O
this	O
to	O
help	O
save	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
without	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
But	O
really	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
without	O
God	O
's	O
law	O
--	O
I	O
am	O
ruled	O
by	O
the	O
law	O
of	O
Christ	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


To	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
weak	O
,	O
I	O
became	O
weak	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
could	O
help	O
save	O
them	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
become	O
all	O
things	O
to	O
all	O
people	O
.	O


I	O
did	O
this	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
could	O
save	O
people	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
possible	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
all	O
this	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
known	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
it	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
share	O
in	O
the	O
blessings	O
of	O
the	O
Good	O
News	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
that	O
in	O
a	O
race	O
all	O
the	O
runners	O
run	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
one	O
runner	O
gets	O
the	O
prize	O
.	O


So	O
run	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


Run	O
to	O
win	O
!	O


All	O
who	O
compete	O
in	O
the	O
games	O
use	O
strict	O
training	O
.	O


They	O
do	O
this	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
win	O
a	O
prize	O
--	O
one	O
that	O
does	O
n't	O
last	O
.	O


But	O
our	O
prize	O
is	O
one	O
that	O
will	O
last	O
forever	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
run	O
like	O
someone	O
who	O
has	O
a	O
goal	O
.	O


I	O
fight	O
like	O
a	O
boxer	O
who	O
is	O
hitting	O
something	O
,	O
not	O
just	O
the	O
air	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
my	O
own	O
body	O
I	O
fight	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
do	O
what	O
I	O
want	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
this	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
wo	O
n't	O
miss	O
getting	O
the	O
prize	O
myself	O
after	O
telling	O
others	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
really	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
write	O
to	O
you	O
about	O
this	O
help	O
for	O
God	O
's	O
people	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
that	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
help	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
been	O
bragging	O
about	O
you	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
Macedonia	O
.	O


I	O
told	O
them	O
that	O
you	O
people	O
in	O
Achaia	O
have	O
been	O
ready	O
to	O
give	O
since	O
last	O
year	O
.	O


And	O
your	O
desire	O
to	O
give	O
has	O
made	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
here	O
ready	O
to	O
give	O
also	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
am	O
sending	O
the	O
brothers	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
our	O
bragging	O
about	O
you	O
in	O
this	O
to	O
be	O
for	O
nothing	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
you	O
to	O
be	O
ready	O
just	O
as	O
I	O
said	O
you	O
would	O
be	O
.	O


If	O
any	O
of	O
those	O
from	O
Macedonia	O
come	O
with	O
me	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
find	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
not	O
ready	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
be	O
ashamed	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
be	O
ashamed	O
that	O
we	O
were	O
so	O
sure	O
of	O
you	O
.	O


And	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
ashamed	O
too	O
!	O


So	O
I	O
thought	O
that	O
I	O
should	O
ask	O
these	O
brothers	O
to	O
come	O
there	O
before	O
we	O
do	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
help	O
in	O
getting	O
together	O
the	O
generous	O
gift	O
you	O
promised	O
.	O


Then	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
ready	O
when	O
we	O
come	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
blessing	O
you	O
are	O
giving	O
,	O
not	O
as	O
something	O
you	O
were	O
forced	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


Remember	O
this	O
:	O
The	O
one	O
who	O
plants	O
few	O
seeds	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
small	O
harvest	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
plants	O
a	O
lot	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
big	O
harvest	O
.	O


Each	O
one	O
of	O
you	O
should	O
give	O
what	O
you	O
have	O
decided	O
in	O
your	O
heart	O
to	O
give	O
.	O


You	O
should	O
not	O
give	O
if	O
it	O
makes	O
you	O
unhappy	O
or	O
if	O
you	O
feel	O
forced	O
to	O
give	O
.	O


God	O
loves	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
happy	O
to	O
give	O
.	O


And	O
God	O
can	O
give	O
you	O
more	O
blessings	O
than	O
you	O
need	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
always	O
have	O
plenty	O
of	O
everything	O
.	O


You	O
will	O
have	O
enough	O
to	O
give	O
to	O
every	O
good	O
work	O
.	O


As	O
the	O
Scriptures	O
say	O
,	O
``	O
He	O
gives	O
generously	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
;	O
his	O
goodness	O
will	O
continue	O
forever	O
.	O
''	O


God	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
gives	O
seed	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
plant	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
gives	O
bread	O
for	O
food	O
.	O


And	O
God	O
will	O
give	O
you	O
spiritual	O
seed	O
and	O
make	O
that	O
seed	O
grow	O
.	O


He	O
will	O
produce	O
a	O
great	O
harvest	O
from	O
your	O
goodness	O
.	O


God	O
will	O
make	O
you	O
rich	O
in	O
every	O
way	O
so	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
always	O
give	O
freely	O
.	O


And	O
your	O
giving	O
through	O
us	O
will	O
make	O
people	O
give	O
thanks	O
to	O
God	O
.	O


The	O
service	O
you	O
are	O
offering	O
helps	O
God	O
's	O
people	O
with	O
their	O
needs	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
all	O
it	O
does	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
also	O
bringing	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
thanks	O
to	O
God	O
.	O


This	O
service	O
is	O
a	O
proof	O
of	O
your	O
faith	O
,	O
and	O
people	O
will	O
praise	O
God	O
because	O
of	O
it	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
praise	O
him	O
because	O
you	O
are	O
following	O
the	O
message	O
about	O
Christ	O
--	O
the	O
message	O
you	O
say	O
you	O
believe	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
praise	O
God	O
because	O
you	O
freely	O
share	O
with	O
them	O
and	O
with	O
all	O
people	O
.	O


And	O
when	O
they	O
pray	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
wish	O
they	O
could	O
be	O
with	O
you	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
feel	O
this	O
way	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
great	O
grace	O
that	O
God	O
gave	O
you	O
.	O


Thanks	O
be	O
to	O
God	O
for	O
his	O
gift	O
that	O
is	O
too	O
wonderful	O
to	O
describe	O
.	O


The	O
first	O
agreement	O
had	O
rules	O
for	O
worship	O
and	O
a	O
place	O
for	O
worship	O
here	O
on	O
earth	O
.	O


This	O
place	O
was	O
inside	O
a	O
tent	O
.	O


The	O
first	O
area	O
in	O
the	O
tent	O
was	O
called	O
the	O
Holy	O
Place	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
Holy	O
Place	O
were	O
the	O
lamp	O
and	O
the	O
table	O
with	O
the	O
special	O
bread	O
offered	O
to	O
God	O
.	O


Behind	O
the	O
second	O
curtain	O
was	O
a	O
room	O
called	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
was	O
a	O
golden	O
altar	O
for	O
burning	O
incense	O
.	O


And	O
also	O
there	O
was	O
the	O
Box	O
of	O
the	O
Agreement	O
.	O


The	O
Box	O
was	O
covered	O
with	O
gold	O
.	O


Inside	O
this	O
Box	O
was	O
a	O
golden	O
jar	O
of	O
manna	O
and	O
Aaron	O
's	O
rod	O
--	O
the	O
rod	O
that	O
once	O
grew	O
leaves	O
.	O


Also	O
in	O
the	O
Box	O
were	O
the	O
flat	O
stones	O
with	O
the	O
Ten	O
Commandments	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
agreement	O
on	O
them	O
.	O


Above	O
the	O
Box	O
were	O
the	O
Cherub	O
angels	O
that	O
showed	O
God	O
's	O
glory	O
.	O


These	O
Cherub	O
angels	O
were	O
over	O
the	O
place	O
of	O
mercy	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
can	O
not	O
say	O
everything	O
about	O
this	O
now	O
.	O


Everything	O
in	O
the	O
tent	O
was	O
made	O
ready	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
I	O
have	O
explained	O
.	O


Then	O
the	O
priests	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
first	O
room	O
every	O
day	O
to	O
do	O
their	O
worship	O
duties	O
.	O


But	O
only	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
could	O
go	O
into	O
the	O
second	O
room	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
went	O
in	O
only	O
once	O
a	O
year	O
.	O


Also	O
,	O
he	O
could	O
never	O
enter	O
that	O
room	O
without	O
taking	O
blood	O
with	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
offered	O
that	O
blood	O
to	O
God	O
for	O
himself	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
sins	O
the	O
people	O
committed	O
without	O
knowing	O
they	O
were	O
sinning	O
.	O


The	O
Holy	O
Spirit	O
uses	O
those	O
two	O
separate	O
rooms	O
to	O
teach	O
us	O
that	O
the	O
way	O
into	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
was	O
not	O
open	O
while	O
the	O
first	O
room	O
was	O
still	O
there	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
for	O
us	O
today	O
.	O


It	O
shows	O
that	O
the	O
gifts	O
and	O
sacrifices	O
the	O
priests	O
offer	O
to	O
God	O
are	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
consciences	O
of	O
the	O
worshipers	O
completely	O
clear	O
.	O


These	O
gifts	O
and	O
sacrifices	O
are	O
only	O
about	O
food	O
and	O
drink	O
and	O
special	O
washings	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
only	O
rules	O
about	O
the	O
body	O
.	O


God	O
gave	O
them	O
for	O
his	O
people	O
to	O
follow	O
until	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
his	O
new	O
way	O
.	O


But	O
Christ	O
has	O
already	O
come	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
of	O
the	O
good	O
things	O
we	O
now	O
have	O
.	O


But	O
Christ	O
does	O
not	O
serve	O
in	O
a	O
place	O
like	O
the	O
tent	O
that	O
those	O
other	O
priests	O
served	O
in	O
.	O


He	O
serves	O
in	O
a	O
better	O
place	O
.	O


Unlike	O
that	O
tent	O
,	O
this	O
one	O
is	O
perfect	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
not	O
made	O
by	O
anyone	O
here	O
on	O
earth	O
.	O


It	O
does	O
not	O
belong	O
to	O
this	O
world	O
.	O


Christ	O
entered	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
only	O
one	O
time	O
--	O
enough	O
for	O
all	O
time	O
.	O


He	O
entered	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
by	O
using	O
his	O
own	O
blood	O
,	O
not	O
the	O
blood	O
of	O
goats	O
or	O
young	O
bulls	O
.	O


He	O
entered	O
there	O
and	O
made	O
us	O
free	O
from	O
sin	O
forever	O
.	O


The	O
blood	O
of	O
goats	O
and	O
bulls	O
and	O
the	O
ashes	O
of	O
a	O
cow	O
were	O
sprinkled	O
on	O
those	O
who	O
were	O
no	O
longer	O
pure	O
enough	O
to	O
enter	O
the	O
place	O
of	O
worship	O
.	O


The	O
blood	O
and	O
ashes	O
made	O
them	O
pure	O
again	O
--	O
but	O
only	O
their	O
bodies	O
.	O


So	O
surely	O
the	O
blood	O
sacrifice	O
of	O
Christ	O
can	O
do	O
much	O
more	O
.	O


Christ	O
offered	O
himself	O
through	O
the	O
eternal	O
Spirit	O
as	O
a	O
perfect	O
sacrifice	O
to	O
God	O
.	O


His	O
blood	O
will	O
make	O
us	O
completely	O
clean	O
from	O
the	O
evil	O
we	O
have	O
done	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
give	O
us	O
clear	O
consciences	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
can	O
worship	O
the	O
living	O
God	O
.	O


So	O
Christ	O
brings	O
a	O
new	O
agreement	O
from	O
God	O
to	O
his	O
people	O
.	O


He	O
brings	O
this	O
agreement	O
so	O
that	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
chosen	O
by	O
God	O
can	O
have	O
the	O
blessings	O
God	O
promised	O
,	O
blessings	O
that	O
last	O
forever	O
.	O


This	O
can	O
happen	O
only	O
because	O
Christ	O
died	O
to	O
free	O
people	O
from	O
sins	O
committed	O
against	O
the	O
commands	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
agreement	O
.	O


When	O
someone	O
dies	O
and	O
leaves	O
a	O
will	O
,	O
there	O
must	O
be	O
proof	O
that	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
wrote	O
the	O
will	O
is	O
dead	O
.	O


A	O
will	O
means	O
nothing	O
while	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
wrote	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
living	O
.	O


It	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
only	O
after	O
that	O
person	O
's	O
death	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
why	O
blood	O
was	O
needed	O
to	O
begin	O
the	O
first	O
agreement	O
between	O
God	O
and	O
his	O
people	O
.	O


First	O
,	O
Moses	O
told	O
the	O
people	O
every	O
command	O
in	O
the	O
law	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
took	O
the	O
blood	O
of	O
young	O
bulls	O
and	O
mixed	O
it	O
with	O
water	O
.	O


He	O
used	O
red	O
wool	O
and	O
a	O
branch	O
of	O
hyssop	O
to	O
sprinkle	O
the	O
blood	O
and	O
water	O
on	O
the	O
book	O
of	O
the	O
law	O
and	O
on	O
all	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


Then	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
blood	O
that	O
makes	O
the	O
agreement	O
good	O
--	O
the	O
agreement	O
that	O
God	O
commanded	O
you	O
to	O
follow	O
.	O
''	O


In	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
,	O
Moses	O
sprinkled	O
the	O
blood	O
on	O
the	O
Holy	O
Tent	O
.	O


He	O
sprinkled	O
the	O
blood	O
over	O
everything	O
used	O
in	O
worship	O
.	O


The	O
law	O
says	O
that	O
almost	O
everything	O
must	O
be	O
made	O
clean	O
by	O
blood	O
.	O


Sins	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
forgiven	O
without	O
a	O
blood	O
sacrifice	O
.	O


These	O
things	O
are	O
copies	O
of	O
the	O
real	O
things	O
that	O
are	O
in	O
heaven	O
.	O


These	O
copies	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
clean	O
by	O
animal	O
sacrifices	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
real	O
things	O
in	O
heaven	O
must	O
have	O
much	O
better	O
sacrifices	O
.	O


Christ	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
the	O
man	O
-	O
made	O
one	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
only	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
real	O
one	O
.	O


He	O
went	O
into	O
heaven	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
is	O
there	O
now	O
before	O
God	O
to	O
help	O
us	O
.	O


The	O
high	O
priest	O
enters	O
the	O
Most	O
Holy	O
Place	O
once	O
every	O
year	O
.	O


He	O
takes	O
with	O
him	O
blood	O
to	O
offer	O
.	O


But	O
he	O
does	O
not	O
offer	O
his	O
own	O
blood	O
like	O
Christ	O
did	O
.	O


Christ	O
went	O
into	O
heaven	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
to	O
offer	O
himself	O
many	O
times	O
like	O
the	O
high	O
priest	O
offers	O
blood	O
again	O
and	O
again	O
.	O


If	O
Christ	O
had	O
offered	O
himself	O
many	O
times	O
,	O
he	O
would	O
have	O
needed	O
to	O
suffer	O
many	O
times	O
since	O
the	O
time	O
the	O
world	O
was	O
made	O
.	O


But	O
he	O
came	O
to	O
offer	O
himself	O
only	O
once	O
.	O


And	O
that	O
once	O
is	O
enough	O
for	O
all	O
time	O
.	O


He	O
came	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
when	O
the	O
world	O
is	O
nearing	O
an	O
end	O
.	O


He	O
came	O
to	O
take	O
away	O
all	O
sin	O
by	O
offering	O
himself	O
as	O
a	O
sacrifice	O
.	O


Everyone	O
must	O
die	O
once	O
.	O


Then	O
they	O
are	O
judged	O
.	O


So	O
Christ	O
was	O
offered	O
as	O
a	O
sacrifice	O
one	O
time	O
to	O
take	O
away	O
the	O
sins	O
of	O
many	O
people	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
will	O
come	O
a	O
second	O
time	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
to	O
offer	O
himself	O
for	O
sin	O
.	O


He	O
will	O
come	O
the	O
second	O
time	O
to	O
bring	O
salvation	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
waiting	O
for	O
him	O
.	O


The	O
fifth	O
angel	O
blew	O
his	O
trumpet	O
.	O


Then	O
I	O
saw	O
a	O
star	O
fall	O
from	O
the	O
sky	O
to	O
the	O
earth	O
.	O


The	O
star	O
was	O
given	O
the	O
key	O
to	O
the	O
deep	O
hole	O
that	O
leads	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
bottomless	O
pit	O
.	O


Then	O
the	O
star	O
opened	O
the	O
hole	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
pit	O
.	O


Smoke	O
came	O
up	O
from	O
the	O
hole	O
like	O
smoke	O
from	O
a	O
big	O
furnace	O
.	O


The	O
sun	O
and	O
sky	O
became	O
dark	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
smoke	O
from	O
the	O
hole	O
.	O


Then	O
locusts	O
came	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
smoke	O
and	O
went	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
earth	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
given	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
sting	O
like	O
scorpions	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
told	O
not	O
to	O
damage	O
the	O
fields	O
of	O
grass	O
or	O
any	O
plant	O
or	O
tree	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
to	O
hurt	O
only	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
God	O
's	O
mark	O
on	O
their	O
foreheads	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
not	O
given	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
kill	O
them	O
but	O
only	O
to	O
cause	O
them	O
pain	O
for	O
five	O
months	O
--	O
pain	O
like	O
a	O
person	O
feels	O
when	O
stung	O
by	O
a	O
scorpion	O
.	O


During	O
those	O
days	O
people	O
will	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
die	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
find	O
it	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
want	O
to	O
die	O
,	O
but	O
death	O
will	O
hide	O
from	O
them	O
.	O


The	O
locusts	O
looked	O
like	O
horses	O
prepared	O
for	O
battle	O
.	O


On	O
their	O
heads	O
they	O
wore	O
something	O
that	O
looked	O
like	O
a	O
gold	O
crown	O
.	O


Their	O
faces	O
looked	O
like	O
human	O
faces	O
.	O


Their	O
hair	O
was	O
like	O
women	O
's	O
hair	O
.	O


Their	O
teeth	O
were	O
like	O
lions	O
'	O
teeth	O
.	O


Their	O
chests	O
looked	O
like	O
iron	O
breastplates	O
.	O


The	O
sound	O
their	O
wings	O
made	O
was	O
like	O
the	O
noise	O
of	O
many	O
horses	O
and	O
chariots	O
hurrying	O
into	O
battle	O
.	O


The	O
locusts	O
had	O
tails	O
with	O
stingers	O
like	O
scorpions	O
.	O


The	O
power	O
they	O
had	O
to	O
give	O
people	O
pain	O
for	O
five	O
months	O
was	O
in	O
their	O
tails	O
.	O


They	O
had	O
a	O
ruler	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
the	O
angel	O
of	O
the	O
bottomless	O
pit	O
.	O


His	O
name	O
in	O
Hebrew	O
is	O
Abaddon	O
.	O


In	O
Greek	O
it	O
is	O
Apollyon	O
.	O


The	O
first	O
terror	O
is	O
now	O
past	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
still	O
two	O
other	O
terrors	O
to	O
come	O
.	O


The	O
sixth	O
angel	O
blew	O
his	O
trumpet	O
.	O


Then	O
I	O
heard	O
a	O
voice	O
coming	O
from	O
the	O
horns	O
on	O
the	O
four	O
corners	O
of	O
the	O
golden	O
altar	O
that	O
is	O
before	O
God	O
.	O


It	O
said	O
to	O
the	O
sixth	O
angel	O
who	O
had	O
the	O
trumpet	O
,	O
``	O
Free	O
the	O
four	O
angels	O
who	O
are	O
tied	O
at	O
the	O
great	O
river	O
Euphrates	O
.	O
''	O


These	O
four	O
angels	O
had	O
been	O
kept	O
ready	O
for	O
this	O
hour	O
and	O
day	O
and	O
month	O
and	O
year	O
.	O


The	O
angels	O
were	O
set	O
free	O
to	O
kill	O
a	O
third	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
people	O
on	O
the	O
earth	O
.	O


I	O
heard	O
how	O
many	O
troops	O
on	O
horses	O
were	O
in	O
their	O
army	O
.	O


There	O
were	O
200	O
,	O
000	O
,	O
000	O
.	O


In	O
my	O
vision	O
,	O
I	O
saw	O
the	O
horses	O
and	O
the	O
riders	O
on	O
the	O
horses	O
.	O


They	O
looked	O
like	O
this	O
:	O
They	O
had	O
breastplates	O
that	O
were	O
fiery	O
red	O
,	O
dark	O
blue	O
,	O
and	O
yellow	O
like	O
sulfur	O
.	O


The	O
heads	O
of	O
the	O
horses	O
looked	O
like	O
heads	O
of	O
lions	O
.	O


The	O
horses	O
had	O
fire	O
,	O
smoke	O
,	O
and	O
sulfur	O
coming	O
out	O
of	O
their	O
mouths	O
.	O


A	O
third	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
people	O
on	O
earth	O
were	O
killed	O
by	O
these	O
three	O
plagues	O
coming	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
horses	O
'	O
mouths	O
:	O
the	O
fire	O
,	O
the	O
smoke	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
sulfur	O
.	O


The	O
horses	O
'	O
power	O
was	O
in	O
their	O
mouths	O
and	O
also	O
in	O
their	O
tails	O
.	O


Their	O
tails	O
were	O
like	O
snakes	O
that	O
have	O
heads	O
to	O
bite	O
and	O
hurt	O
people	O
.	O


The	O
other	O
people	O
on	O
earth	O
were	O
not	O
killed	O
by	O
these	O
plagues	O
.	O


But	O
these	O
people	O
still	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
their	O
hearts	O
and	O
turn	O
away	O
from	O
worshiping	O
the	O
things	O
they	O
had	O
made	O
with	O
their	O
own	O
hands	O
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
stop	O
worshiping	O
demons	O
and	O
idols	O
made	O
of	O
gold	O
,	O
silver	O
,	O
bronze	O
,	O
stone	O
,	O
and	O
wood	O
--	O
things	O
that	O
can	O
not	O
see	O
or	O
hear	O
or	O
walk	O
.	O


They	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
their	O
hearts	O
and	O
turn	O
away	O
from	O
killing	O
other	O
people	O
or	O
from	O
their	O
evil	O
magic	O
,	O
their	O
sexual	O
sins	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
stealing	O
.	O


After	O
this	O
I	O
heard	O
what	O
sounded	O
like	O
a	O
large	O
crowd	O
of	O
people	O
in	O
heaven	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
were	O
saying	O
,	O
``	O
Hallelujah	O
!	O


Victory	O
,	O
glory	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
belong	O
to	O
our	O
God	O
.	O


His	O
judgments	O
are	O
true	O
and	O
right	O
.	O


Our	O
God	O
has	O
punished	O
the	O
prostitute	O
.	O


She	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
ruined	O
the	O
earth	O
with	O
her	O
sexual	O
sin	O
.	O


God	O
has	O
punished	O
the	O
prostitute	O
to	O
pay	O
her	O
back	O
for	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
his	O
servants	O
.	O
''	O


These	O
people	O
also	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Hallelujah	O
!	O


She	O
is	O
burning	O
and	O
her	O
smoke	O
will	O
rise	O
forever	O
and	O
ever	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
24	O
elders	O
and	O
the	O
four	O
living	O
beings	O
bowed	O
down	O
.	O


They	O
worshiped	O
God	O
,	O
who	O
sits	O
on	O
the	O
throne	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Amen	O
!	O


Hallelujah	O
!	O
''	O


Then	O
a	O
voice	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
throne	O
and	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Praise	O
our	O
God	O
,	O
all	O
you	O
who	O
serve	O
him	O
!	O


Praise	O
our	O
God	O
,	O
all	O
you	O
small	O
and	O
great	O
who	O
honor	O
him	O
!	O
''	O


Then	O
I	O
heard	O
something	O
that	O
sounded	O
like	O
a	O
large	O
crowd	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
as	O
loud	O
as	O
crashing	O
waves	O
or	O
claps	O
of	O
thunder	O
.	O


The	O
people	O
were	O
saying	O
,	O
``	O
Hallelujah	O
!	O


Our	O
Lord	O
God	O
rules	O
.	O


He	O
is	O
the	O
All	O
-	O
Powerful	O
.	O


Let	O
us	O
rejoice	O
and	O
be	O
happy	O
and	O
give	O
God	O
glory	O
!	O


Give	O
God	O
glory	O
,	O
because	O
the	O
wedding	O
of	O
the	O
Lamb	O
has	O
come	O
.	O


And	O
the	O
Lamb	O
's	O
bride	O
has	O
made	O
herself	O
ready	O
.	O


Fine	O
linen	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
the	O
bride	O
for	O
her	O
to	O
wear	O
.	O


The	O
linen	O
was	O
bright	O
and	O
clean	O
.	O
''	O


-LRB-	O
The	O
fine	O
linen	O
means	O
the	O
good	O
things	O
that	O
God	O
's	O
holy	O
people	O
did	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


Then	O
the	O
angel	O
said	O
to	O
me	O
,	O
``	O
Write	O
this	O
:	O
Great	O
blessings	O
belong	O
to	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
wedding	O
meal	O
of	O
the	O
Lamb	O
!	O
''	O


Then	O
the	O
angel	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
These	O
are	O
the	O
true	O
words	O
of	O
God	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
I	O
bowed	O
down	O
before	O
the	O
angel	O
's	O
feet	O
to	O
worship	O
him	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
angel	O
said	O
to	O
me	O
,	O
``	O
Do	O
n't	O
worship	O
me	O
!	O


I	O
am	O
a	O
servant	O
like	O
you	O
and	O
your	O
brothers	O
and	O
sisters	O
who	O
have	O
the	O
truth	O
of	O
Jesus	O
.	O


So	O
worship	O
God	O
!	O


Because	O
the	O
truth	O
of	O
Jesus	O
is	O
the	O
spirit	O
of	O
prophecy	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
I	O
saw	O
heaven	O
open	O
.	O


There	O
before	O
me	O
was	O
a	O
white	O
horse	O
.	O


The	O
rider	O
on	O
the	O
horse	O
was	O
called	O
Faithful	O
and	O
True	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
is	O
right	O
in	O
his	O
judging	O
and	O
in	O
making	O
war	O
.	O


His	O
eyes	O
were	O
like	O
burning	O
fire	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
many	O
crowns	O
on	O
his	O
head	O
.	O


A	O
name	O
was	O
written	O
on	O
him	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
who	O
knew	O
its	O
meaning	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
dressed	O
in	O
a	O
robe	O
dipped	O
in	O
blood	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
was	O
called	O
the	O
Word	O
of	O
God	O
.	O


The	O
armies	O
of	O
heaven	O
were	O
following	O
the	O
rider	O
on	O
the	O
white	O
horse	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
also	O
riding	O
white	O
horses	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
dressed	O
in	O
fine	O
linen	O
,	O
white	O
and	O
clean	O
.	O


A	O
sharp	O
sword	O
came	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
rider	O
's	O
mouth	O
,	O
a	O
sword	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
use	O
to	O
defeat	O
the	O
nations	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
will	O
rule	O
the	O
nations	O
with	O
a	O
rod	O
of	O
iron	O
.	O


He	O
will	O
crush	O
the	O
grapes	O
in	O
the	O
winepress	O
of	O
the	O
terrible	O
anger	O
of	O
God	O
All	O
-	O
Powerful	O
.	O


On	O
his	O
robe	O
and	O
on	O
his	O
leg	O
was	O
written	O
this	O
name	O
:	O
king	O
of	O
kings	O
and	O
lord	O
of	O
lords	O
Then	O
I	O
saw	O
an	O
angel	O
standing	O
in	O
the	O
sun	O
.	O


In	O
a	O
loud	O
voice	O
the	O
angel	O
said	O
to	O
all	O
the	O
birds	O
flying	O
in	O
the	O
sky	O
,	O
``	O
Come	O
together	O
for	O
the	O
great	O
supper	O
of	O
God	O
.	O


Come	O
together	O
so	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
eat	O
the	O
bodies	O
of	O
rulers	O
and	O
army	O
commanders	O
and	O
famous	O
men	O
.	O


Come	O
to	O
eat	O
the	O
bodies	O
of	O
the	O
horses	O
and	O
their	O
riders	O
and	O
the	O
bodies	O
of	O
all	O
people	O
--	O
free	O
,	O
slave	O
,	O
small	O
,	O
and	O
great	O
.	O
''	O


Then	O
I	O
saw	O
the	O
beast	O
and	O
the	O
rulers	O
of	O
the	O
earth	O
.	O


Their	O
armies	O
were	O
gathered	O
together	O
to	O
make	O
war	O
against	O
the	O
rider	O
on	O
the	O
horse	O
and	O
his	O
army	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
beast	O
was	O
captured	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
false	O
prophet	O
was	O
also	O
captured	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
the	O
one	O
who	O
did	O
the	O
miracles	O
for	O
the	O
beast	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
used	O
these	O
miracles	O
to	O
trick	O
those	O
who	O
had	O
the	O
mark	O
of	O
the	O
beast	O
and	O
worshiped	O
its	O
idol	O
.	O


The	O
false	O
prophet	O
and	O
the	O
beast	O
were	O
thrown	O
alive	O
into	O
the	O
lake	O
of	O
fire	O
that	O
burns	O
with	O
sulfur	O
.	O


Their	O
armies	O
were	O
killed	O
with	O
the	O
sword	O
that	O
came	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
mouth	O
of	O
the	O
rider	O
on	O
the	O
horse	O
.	O


All	O
the	O
birds	O
ate	O
these	O
bodies	O
until	O
they	O
were	O
full	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
how	O
are	O
you	O
guys	O
?	O


How	O
is	O
Chris	B-PERSON


and	O
how	O
are	O
you	O
?	O


Well	O
pretty	O
well	O
.	O


Chris	B-PERSON
is	O
not	O
here	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
been	O
away	O
with	O
her	O
class	O
oh	O
.	O
up	O
around	O
Blandenburg	B-GPE
for	O
about	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
on	O
a	O
,	O
what	O
they	O
call	O
Feldmessen	O
.	O


Feldmessen	O
is	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
surveying	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


%uh	O
,	O
so	O
she	O
's	O
been	O
away	O
for	O
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
.	O


She	O
's	O
coming	O
back	O
tonight	B-TIME
.	O


ha	O
.	O


So	O
we	O
're	O
looking	O
forward	O
to	O
that	O
.	O


oh	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
sorry	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
miss	O
her	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


oh	O
gosh	O
.	O
I	O
bet	O
you	O
're	O
getting	O
lonely	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


well	O
.	O
Claudia	B-PERSON
's	O
been	O
here	O


and	O
we	O
've	O
been	O
doing	O
okay	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
'm	O
actually	O
waiting	O
for	O
Claudia	B-PERSON
to	O
show	O
up	O
because	O
we	O
were	O
supposed	O
to	O
go	O
into	O
town	O
and	O
meet	O
some	O
people	O
in	O
town	O
.	O


I	O
've	O
got	O
a	O
student	O
here	O
who	O
's	O
checking	O
out	O
rooms	O
and	O
stuff	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
coming	O
in	O
the	O
fall	B-DATE
,	O


but	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
a	O
place	O
called	O
Taiwa	B-GPE
.	O


You	O
know	O
Tufts	B-ORG
yeah	O
.	O
sent	O
her	O
to	O
Taiwa	B-GPE


I	O
had	O
friends	O
there	O
.	O
She	O
did	O
a	O
course	O
in	O
Taiwa	B-GPE


and	O
then	O
she	O
came	O
over	O
here	O
,	O
and	O
%um	O
,	O
checked	O
out	O
a	O
room	O
here	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
it	O
's	O


and	O
the	O
end	O
semester	O
is	O
still	O
going	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
it	O
ends	O
on	O
the	B-DATE
twenty	I-DATE
second	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
%uh	O
oh	O
,	O
yeah	O
.	O
things	O
are	O
busy	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


gosh	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


You	O
still	O
got	O
another	O
month	B-DATE
.	O


And	O
then	O
,	O
are	O
you	O
coming	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
States	B-GPE
at	O
all	O
this	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
?	O


No	O
.	O


No	O
.	O


No	O
,	O
no	O
.	O
%uh	O


Not	O
even	O
Chris	B-PERSON
?	O


No	O
,	O
no	O
,	O
no	O
.	O
%uh	O


Not	O
enough	O
relatives	O
left	O
here	O
anymore	O
?	O


Well	O
the	O
relative	O
scene	O
is	O
kind	O
of	O
sad	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
everybody	O
's	O
kind	O
of	O
passed	O
away	O
,	O
almost	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


I	O
remember	O
when	O
I	O
talked	O
to	O
you	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
fall	I-DATE
yeah	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O
that	O
%uh	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
about	O


oh	O
did	O
your	O
sister	O
die	O
?	O


My	O
sister	O
passed	O
away	O
,	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
if	O
you	O
spoke	O
to	O
me	O
before	O
that	O
or	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
that	O
was	O
happening	O
.	O
Or	O


I	O
guess	O
not	O


When	O
was	O
it	O
?	O


It	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
right	O
after	O
.	O


Well	O


My	O
father	O
died	O
right	O
after	O
we	O
talked	O
.	O


oh	O
god	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


we	O
're	O
getting	O
old	O
.	O


No	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
,	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
what	O
it	O
is	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
people	O
get	O
sick	O
,	O


and	O
they	O
get	O
sick	O
pretty	O
young	O
,	O


and	O
,	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
you	O
know	O
my	O
sister	O
was	O
n't	O
that	O
old	O


and	O
she	O
just	O
had	O
bad	O
luck	O
I	O
guess	O
is	O
all	O
you	O
can	O
say	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
going	O
to	O
put	O
you	O
on	O
after	O
fifteen	B-TIME
minutes	I-TIME
.	O


I	O
've	O
got	O
to	O


And	O
there	O
was	O
n't	O
anything	O
anybody	O
could	O
do	O
.	O


So	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
an	O
aunt	O
of	O
Chris	B-PERSON
's	O
Aunt	O
Mamie	B-PERSON
up	O
in	O
Maine	B-GPE
passed	O
away	O
.	O


that	O
had	O
n't	O
happ-	O
,	O


had	O
that	O
happened	O
already	O
?	O


No	O


No	O
that	O
had	O
not	O
happened	O
,	O
no	O
.	O


She	O
passed	O
away	O
in	O
about	B-DATE
March	I-DATE
or	O


yeah	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
some	O
concern	O
about	O
her	O
when	O
I	O
talked	O
to	O
you	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
or	O
October	B-DATE
.	O


.	O


yeah	O
.	O


No	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
not	O
doing	O
well	O
.	O


She	O
had	O
a	O
brain	O
tumor	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
they	O
operated	O
on	O


and	O
things	O
were	O
n't	O
going	O
well	O
,	O


and	O
.	O


I	O
actually	O
got	O
to	O
see	O
her	O
I	O
guess	O
a	O
day	O
before	O
she	O
died	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
she	O
did	O
n't	O
know	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
there	O
.	O


if	O
that	O
was	O
you	O
,	O
yeah	O
.	O
yeah	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
just	O
not	O
in	O


So	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
blessing	O
,	O
I	O
guess	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
%um	O
.	O


Anyway	O
,	O
weird	O
stuff	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
how	O
about	O
you	O
?	O


Because	O
,	O
I	O
r-	O


oh	O
I	O
'm	O
han-	O


how	O
are	O
your	O
eyes	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
next	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
you	O
know	O
to	O
see	O
again	O
.	O


I	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
not	O
exactly	O
convinced	O
that	O
.	O
It	O
's	O
okay	O
.	O
You	O
know	O
,	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
sure	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


%uh	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
pretty	O
good	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
about	O
eighty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
for	O
a	O
while	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
%um	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
exactly	O
sure	O
what	O
it	O
is	O
now	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
'll	O
know	O
in	O
a	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


So	O
are	O
you	O
having	O
blurred	O
vision	O
?	O


Or	O


oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
yeah	O
.	O


Sure	O
.	O


The	O
right	O
eye	O
is	O
%uh	O
,	O
not	O
so	O
great	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
got	O
back	O
to	O
about	B-PERCENT
eighty	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
.	O


You	O
know	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
detached	O
retina	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
they	O
operated	O
on	O
it	O
once	O
,	O


and	O
they	O
operated	O
on	O
it	O
twice	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
then	O
things	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
doing	O
pretty	O
well	O
,	O


and	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
I	O
'm	O
%um	O
,	O
not	O
quite	O
so	O
sure	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
who	O
knows	O
.	O
%um	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
'll	O
never	O
be	O
more	O
than	O
about	B-PERCENT
seventy	I-PERCENT
or	I-PERCENT
eighty	I-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
.	O
Which	O
is	O
fine	O
.	O


Eighty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
is	O
fantastic	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


%um	O


So	O
we	O
'll	O
just	O
see	O
.	O
You	O
know	O


%hm	O
.	O
we	O
'll	O
see	O
what	O
happens	O
.	O


Frustrating	O
.	O


%uh	O
,	O
yeah	O
.	O


Annoying	O
.	O


And	O
that	O
thing	O
that	O
came	O
up	O
recently	O
,	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
had	O
,	O
oh	O
,	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
a	O
knee	O
problem	O
a	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


And	O
my	O
right	O
knee	O
,	O


and	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
my	O
left	O
knee	O
.	O


you	O
know	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
a	O
pain	O
in	O
the	O
ass	O
.	O


And	O
yeah	O
.	O
%um	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
doctor	O


and	O
they	O
do	O
a	O
Punktion	O
.	O
Ich	O
weiss	O
nicht	O
wer	O
.	O


Anyway	O
they	O
take	O
,	O
%uh	O
fluid	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
it	O
gets	O
irritated	O
take	O
some	O
pills	O
and	O
stuff	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
a	O
pain	O
in	O
the	O
ass	O
.	O


So	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
,	O
l-	O
.	O


is	O
that	O
like	O
water	O
on	O
the	O
knee	O
?	O


Is	O
that	O
what	O
that	O
is	O
?	O


%um	O
,	O
well	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
happens	O
.	O


It	O
develops	O
because	O
of	O
irritation	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
%um	O
,	O
inflammation	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


Is	O
that	O
from	O
the	O
running	O
?	O


And	O
how	O
the	O
inflammation	O
d-	O


yeah	O
,	O


maybe	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


They	O
do	O
n't	O


It	O
just	O
came	O
overnight	B-TIME
practically	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
and	O
%uh	O
,	O
we	O
'd	O
been	O
up	O
in	O
Berlin	B-GPE


and	O
we	O
had	O
a	O
big	O
trip	O
up	O
there	O
and	O
did	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
walking	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
fast	O
walking	O
and	O
stuff	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
I	O
mean	O
that	O
mhm	O
.	O
should	O
n't	O
be	O
a	O
big	O
deal	O
.	O
%um	O


Was	O
this	O
last	O
crop	O
of	O
**Tuftees**	O
good	O
?	O


So	O
.	O


Was	O
your	O
last	O
crop	O
of	O
students	O
from	O
Tufts	B-ORG
good	O
?	O


How	O
's	O
that	O
?	O


yeah	O


well	O
they	O
're	O
still	O
here	O
.	O


Right	O
,	O


but	O
they	O
're	O
winding	O
down	O
,	O
so	O
you	O
know	O
them	O
really	O
well	O
by	O
this	O
point	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
winding	O
down	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


they	O
're	O
very	O
good	O
.	O


they	O
learned	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
German	B-LANGUAGE
.	O


They	O
learned	O
an	O
amazing	O
amount	O
of	O
German	B-LANGUAGE
.	O


Before	O
I	O
forget	O
,	O
I	O
saw	O
George	B-PERSON
Silinas	I-PERSON
a	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


oh	O
.	O
How	O
's	O
he	O
doing	O
?	O


And	O
he	O
's	O
had	O


Well	O
he	O
's	O
working	O
for	O
an	O
American	B-NORP
firm	O
over	O
here	O
,	O


and	O
he	O
's	O
doing	O
very	O
very	O
well	O
.	O
%um	O
,	O


and	O
his	O
wife	O
just	O
had	O
their	O
fourth	B-ORDINAL
child	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


A	O
little	O
boy	O
.	O
Benjamin	B-PERSON
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
about	B-DATE
,	I-DATE
%uh	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
maybe	O
.	O


%huh	O
.	O


Tops	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
card	O
from	O
,	O


you	O
remember	O
Amy	B-PERSON
Gleason	I-PERSON
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Well	O
she	O
just	O
had	O
a	O
baby	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O


heard	O
that	O
.	O


Well	O
this	O
is	O
number	O
two	B-CARDINAL
.	O


okay	O
.	O


I	O
just	O
got	O
a	O
card	O
from	O
Ron	B-PERSON
and	O
Doris	B-PERSON
,	O


oh	O
.	O


and	O
they	O
see	O
Amy	B-PERSON
Gleason	I-PERSON
on	O
occasion	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
I	O
think	O
they	O
told	O
me	O
that	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Have	O
you	O
heard	O
from	O
Ron	B-PERSON
and	O
Doris	B-PERSON
?	O


Not	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
,	O
no	O
.	O


They	O
are	O
now	O
living	O
in	O
Rhode	B-GPE
Island	I-GPE
.	O


You	O
probably	O
knew	O
that	O
.	O


Well	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
's	O
teaching	O
at	O
U	B-ORG
R	I-ORG
I	I-ORG
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
nice	O
letter	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
sounded	O
like	O
she	O
went	O
through	O
very	O
similar	O
things	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
from	O
Chicago	B-GPE
to	O
U	B-ORG
C	I-ORG
S	I-ORG
G	I-ORG
to	O
here	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
such	O
an	O
intellectual	O
letdown	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
went	O
from	O
Penn	B-ORG
,	O
%um	O
To	O
Columbia	B-ORG
.	O
to	O
Columbia	B-ORG
to	O
U	B-ORG
R	I-ORG
I	I-ORG
.	O


Well	O
Columbia	B-ORG
's	O
okay	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
said	O
the	O
students	O
are	O
just	O
,	O


you	O
know	O
,	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
care	O
,	O


and	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
very	O
good	O
,	O


and	O
all	O
of	O
a	O
sudden	O
she	O
's	O
getting	O
conference	O
papers	O
rejected	O


and	O
she	O
thinks	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
affiliation	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Because	O
she	O
does	O
n't	O
think	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
her	O
work	O
has	O
changed	O
.	O


Now	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
submitted	O
a	O
conference	O
paper	O
with	O
the	O
Missouri	B-ORG
%um	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
affiliation	O
yet	O
.	O


Because	O
the	O
last	O
one	O
I	O
submitted	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
fall	O
,	O


and	O
I	O
still	O
had	O
my	O
San	B-ORG
Diego	I-ORG
affiliation	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
officially	O
on	O
leave	O
.	O


If	O
anything	O
came	O
up	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
we	O
could	O
still	O
go	O
back	O
.	O
uh-huh	O
.	O
%uh	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
for	O
Sam	B-PERSON
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
very	O
very	O
very	O
yeah	O
.	O
unlikely	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
at	O
any	O
rate	O
it	O
was	O
nice	O
to	O
hear	O
from	O
her	O
because	O
she	O
said	O
after	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
there	O
now	O
,	O
she	O
%um	O
has	O
come	O
to	O
terms	O
with	O
this	O
,	O


and	O
yeah	O
.	O
she	O
's	O
accepted	O
that	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
good	O
things	O
in	O
Rhode	B-GPE
Island	I-GPE
.	O


And	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
their	O
life	O
is	O
a	O
lot	O
less	O
complicated	O
,	O


and	O
she	O
has	O
more	O
time	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
parent	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Good	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
's	O
just	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
kind	O
of	O
career	O
that	O
she	O
had	O
thought	O
about	O
.	O


Ron	B-PERSON
is	O
working	O
as	O
a	O
financial	O
consultant	O
for	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
Meryl	B-ORG
Lynch	I-ORG
.	O


And	O
he	O


oh	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
doing	O
work	O
for	O
some	O
environmental	O
firm	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
consultant	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
work	O
out	O
.	O


%um	O
He	O
was	O
changing	O
projects	O
every	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE


and	O
he	O
said	O
he	O
could	O
n't	O
keep	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
it	O
.	O


He	O
could	O
n't	O
learn	O
the	O
whole	O
new	O
area	O
%mm	O
.	O
that	O
fast	O
each	O
time	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
says	O
he	O
went	O
in	O
and	O
had	O
some	O
tests	O
,	O


and	O
he	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
attention	O
deficit	O
disorder	O
.	O


Which	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
given	O
how	O
far	O
he	O
's	O
gotten	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
he	O
got	O
his	O
degree	O
at	O
Tufts	B-ORG
and	O
all	O
,	O
I	O
found	O
that	O
surprising	O
that	O
for	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
as	O
an	O
adult	O
they	O
're	O
diagnosing	O
this	O
.	O
%um	O


%mm	O
.	O
I	O
wonder	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


But	O
anyway	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


but	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


And	O
%um	O


yeah	O
.	O


He	O
%um	O


Whatever	O
's	O
helpful	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


So	O
he	O
found	O
this	O
new	O
job	O
as	O
a	O
financial	O
consultant	O
and	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
happy	O
with	O
that	O
.	O


Good	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
we	O
saw	O
Leo	B-PERSON
and	O
Julie	B-PERSON
at	O
Christmas	B-DATE
time	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
're	O
doing	O
great	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
they	O
had	O
just	O
moved	O
to	O
He	O
's	O
in	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
now	O
,	O
right	O
?	O
a	O
really	O
nice	O
house	O
in	O
Westchester	B-GPE
.	O


yeah	O
,	O
Good	O
.	O
an	O
older	O
home	O
that	O
you	O
know	O
Julie	B-PERSON
is	O
of	O
course	O
carving	O
up	O
and	O
making	O
beautiful	O
.	O
%um	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


Now	O
she	O
had	O
a	O
job	O
with	O
an	O
architectural	O
group	O
when	O
she	O
first	O
got	O
out	O
to	O
New	B-GPE
York	I-GPE
,	O


and	O
that	O
did	O
n't	O
work	O
out	O
.	O


She	O
said	O
they	O
had	O
her	O
doing	O
things	O
that	O
she	O
really	O
was	O
n't	O
qualified	O
to	O
do	O
%ah	O
.	O
and	O
that	O
she	O
really	O
did	O
n't	O
feel	O
competent	O
doing	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
they	O
mutually	O
agreed	O
that	O
she	O
should	O
leave	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
she	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
another	O
job	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
sure	O
she	O
'll	O
find	O
one	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
so	O
talented	O
.	O


She	O
may	O
have	O
found	O
one	O
by	O
now	O
.	O
%um	O


yeah	O
,	O


oh	O
yeah	O
.	O


Amazing	O
,	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


and	O
so	O
we	O
met	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
%uh	O
Adrian	B-PERSON
,	O
their	O
kid	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
three	B-DATE
uh-huh	O
.	O
and	O
just	O
a	O
really	O
lovely	O
little	O
boy	O
.	O


right	O


yeah	O


He	O
's	O
so	O
big	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
,	O
Leo	B-PERSON
's	O
big	O
.	O
You	O
know	O
,	O


he	O
's	O
got	O
Leo	B-PERSON
's	O
genes	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
%uh	O
Ron	B-PERSON
and	O
Doris	B-PERSON
sent	O
us	O
a	O
picture	O
of	O
theirs	O


and	O
he	O
has	O
Ron	B-PERSON
's	O
expressions	O
.	O


He	O
really	O
looks	O
like	O
Ron	B-PERSON
.	O


oh	O
that	O
's	O
life	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
looked	O
really	O
big	O
too	O
.	O


In	O
this	O
picture	O
,	O
he	O
's	O
three	B-CARDINAL
and	I-CARDINAL
a	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


%huh	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
but	O
Leo	B-PERSON
and	O
Julie	B-PERSON
just	O
seemed	O
,	O
%um	O
sort	O
of	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
decisions	O
they	O
've	O
made	O
.	O


And	O


Good	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
like	O
every	O


now	O
is	O
he	O
with	O
a	O
publishing	O
house	O
now	O
?	O


Which	O
one	O
is	O
he	O
with	O
.	O


Yes	O
which	O
one	O
%um	O


Well	O
I	O
can	O


yeah	O


It	O
's	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
sort	O
of	O
universi-	O
the	O
public	O
university	O
book	O
stuff	O
.	O


It	O
might	O
be	O
Hard	B-ORG
Core	I-ORG
Brace	I-ORG
.	O


I	O
'm	O
not	O
sure	O
.	O


oh	O
yeah	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
two	B-CARDINAL
friends	O
in	O
publishing	O
.	O


It	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
other	O
one	O
that	O
just	O
took	O
the	O
job	O
with	O
Hard	B-ORG
Core	I-ORG
Brace	I-ORG


I	O
do	O
n't	O
remember	O
which	O
one	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Anyway	O
,	O
he	O
's	O
enjoying	O
it	O
and	O
liking	O
it	O


and	O
they	O
're	O
doing	O
okay	O
.	O


yeah	O


he	O
seems	O
to	O
feel	O
really	O
like	O
he	O
's	O
doing	O
the	O
right	O
thing	O


and	O
he	O
is	O
Great	O
still	O
in	O
academic	O
publishing	O
.	O


My	O
other	O
friend	O
just	O
moved	O
to	O
trade	O
publishing	O
after	O
years	B-DATE
in	O
academic	O
publishing	O


and	O
mhm	O
%um	O
you	O
know	O
.	O
It	O
feels	O
like	O
maybe	O
she	O
made	O
a	O
compromise	O


but	O
it	O
's	O
like	O
three	B-CARDINAL
times	O
the	O
money	O
as	O
with	O
everything	O
else	O


so	O


wow	O
wow	O


industry	O
and	O
academics	O
%um	O


Terrible	O


yeah	O
it	O
's	O
amazing	O


and	O
%um	O
You	O
know	O
ages	O
ago	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
card	O
from	O
Liz	B-PERSON
Gana	I-PERSON
.	O


I	O
told	O
you	O
this	O
.	O


because	O
%uh	O
you	O
showed	O
us	O
her	O
picture	O
.	O


yeah	O


yeah	O


Crazy	O


%um	O
and	O
I	O
keep	O
thinking	O
maybe	O
I	O
'd	O
get	O
in	O
touch	O


but	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
done	O
it	O
.	O


and	O
then	O
I	O
saw	O
in	O
the	O
%um	O
Tufts	B-ORG
thing	O
that	O
Ginny	B-PERSON
Totta	I-PERSON
you	O
know	O
in	O
the	O
alumni	O
thing	O
is	O
living	O
in	O
the	O


yeah	O


So	O
,	O
anyway	O
,	O
how	O
are	O
you	O
doing	O
these	O
days	O
?	O


Things	O
are	O
going	O
very	O
well	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
I	O
had	O
mentioned	O
before	O
%uh	O
,	O
that	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
company	O
now	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
working	O
with	O
%um	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
very	O
much	O
just	O
myself	O
and	O
Guss	B-PERSON
.	O


oh	O
.	O


And	O
that	O
%um	O


No	O
,	O
you	O
had	O
n't	O
mentioned	O
that	O
.	O


%eh	O
,	O
oh	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


okay	O
,	O
so	O
%um	O


%eh	O
you	O
told	O
me	O
that	O
you	O
were	O
leaving	O
the	O
company	O
that	O
you	O
were	O
at	O
,	O


and	O
you	O
were	O
entertaining	O
offers	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
%uh	O


well	O
it	O
seemed	O
to	O
make	O
sense	O
since	O
I	O
had	O
a	O
client	O
to	O
just	O
kind	O
of	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
own	O
company	O
,	O
of	O
sorts	O
.	O


%um	O
oh	O
.	O
So	O
things	O
are	O
going	O
extremely	O
well	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
one	O
client	O
who	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
'd	O
pay	O
me	O
a	O
minimum	O
amount	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
he	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O


there	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
minimum	O
amount	O
of	O
work	O
,	O
of	O
about	O
%uh	O
,	O
a	O
day	O
a	O
week	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O
mhm	O
.	O
Which	O
is	O
sufficient	O
to	O
pay	O
all	O
my	O
bills	O
then	O


so	O
I	O
decided	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
make	O
sense	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
.	O


%um	O
and	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
getting	O
substantially	O
more	O
work	O
than	O
then	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
'm	O
quite	O
pleased	O
.	O


Well	O
that	O
's	O
good	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
%uh	O
work	O
that	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
do	O
on	O
my	O
flat	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


I	O
've	O
been	O
telling	O
you	O
that	O
I	O
needed	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
roof	O
atrium	O
for	O
quite	O
some	O
time	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
come	O
out	O
this	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
.	O


oh	O
,	O
well	O
that	O
's	O
good	O
.	O


It	O
should	O
be	O
done	O
in	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
months	I-DATE
.	O


oh	O
,	O
yeah	O


I	O
remember	O
So	O
you	O
talking	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
at	O
one	O
point	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
you	O
have	O
no	O
intentions	O
of	O
coming	O
over	O
this	O
way	O
any	O
time	O
soon	O
?	O


%um	O
.	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
the	O
finances	O
occurring	O
uh-huh	O
,	O
right	O
.	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
actually	O
right	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
finances	O
are	O
not	O
going	O
real	O
well	O
.	O


But	O
%ah	O
well	O
.	O
I	O
am	O
working	O
on	O
that	O
one	O
.	O


%uh	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
But	O
%um	O
%uh	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
the	O
main	O
reason	O
for	O
that	O
is	O
I	O
had	O
not	O
really	O
anticipated	O
a	O
few	O
expenses	O
that	O
recently	O
came	O
up	O
%ah	O
.	O
%uh	O
,	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
burglaries	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
.	O


oh	O
,	O
harsh	O
.	O
Harsh	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


and	O
.	O


Not	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
I	O
can	O
do	O
about	O
that	O
now	O
.	O


Indeed	O
.	O
Indeed	O
.	O


have	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
situation	O
.	O


And	O


So	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
I	O
'm	O
doing	O
.	O


Sounds	O
good	O
.	O


But	O
%um	O
Anyway	O
,	O
%uh	O
One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
main	O
reasons	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
such	O
a	O
pathetic	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
correspondent	O
has	O
been	O
work	O
.	O


I	O
've	O
actually	O
been	O
doing	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
it	O
.	O


oh	O
wow	O
.	O


And	O
%uh	O
,	O
I	O
turned	O
in	O
my	O
Master	O
's	O
thesis	O
back	O
in	O
May	B-DATE
,	O


and	O
I	O
'm	O
actually	O
presently	O
working	O
on	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
several	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
articles	O
oh	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O
Impressive	O
.	O
from	O
it	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


actually	O
it	O
turns	O
out	O
that	O
one	B-CARDINAL
thing	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
little	O
bit	O
in	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
doing	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
turn	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
important	O
in	O
the	O
end	O
.	O
%uh	O
,	O
from	O
what	O
I	O
had	O
been	O
reading	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O


You	O
see	O
the	O
one	O
very	O
annoying	O
thing	O
about	O
all	O
of	O
this	O
,	O
was	O
my	O
advisor	O
has	O
been	O
in	O
France	B-GPE
for	O
a	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
a	I-DATE
half	I-DATE
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
this	O
made	O
writing	O
my	O
thesis	O
very	O
annoying	O
because	O
you	O
know	O
there	O
was	O
n't	O
much	O
discussion	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yup	O
,	O


yup	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
%um	O
Anyway	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
been	O
kind	O
of	O
telling	O
him	O
that	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
from	O
my	O
reading	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
I	O
thought	O
that	O
this	O
one	B-CARDINAL
little	O
alteration	O
I	O
had	O
made	O
in	O
my	O
model	O
was	O
kind	O
of	O
clever	O
and	O
unique	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
made	O
the	O
one	B-CARDINAL
type	O
of	O
solution	O
occur	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
seen	O
experimentally	O
,	O


but	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
models	O
%uh	O
,	O
had	O
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


the-	O
,	O


I	O
'm	O
looking	O
at	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
multi	O
mode	O
lasers	O
.	O


And	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
things	O
that	O
they	O
find	O
experimentally	O
are	O
what	O
they	O
call	O
anti	O
phased	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
states	O
,	O
where	O
if	O
you	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
total	O
intensity	O
uh-huh	O
.	O
of	O
the	O
laser	O
,	O
you	O
get	O
an	O
oscillation	O
which	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
one	B-CARDINAL
frequency	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


if	O
you	O
separate	O
out	O
the	O
different	O
modes	O
of	O
the	O
laser	O
mhm	O
.	O
and	O
look	O
at	O
one	O
of	O
those	O
,	O
you	O
get	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
frequency	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


So	O
what	O
's	O
happening	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
modes	O
are	O
oscillating	O
out	O
of	O
phase	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
completely	O
mask	O
each	O
other	O
's	O
Exactly	O
.	O
%hm	O
.	O
oscillations	O
on	O
these	O
other	O
frequencies	O
.	O


And	O
%uh	O
With	O
a	O
pretty	O
simple	O
model	O
you	O
can	O
find	O
that	O
frequency	O
in	O
a	O
transient	O
,	O


but	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
find	O
that	O
frequency	O
in	O
a	O
driven	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
frequency	O
.	O


You	O
ca	O
n't	O
find	O
so	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
sustain	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


So	O
yeah	O
,	O
that	O
particular	O
frequency	O
according	O
to	O
most	O
models	O
damps	O
out	O
very	O
quickly	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
you	O
should	O
n't	O
actually	O
really	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
ever	O
see	O
it	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


The	O
only	O
thing	O
is	O
,	O
that	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
do	O
the	O
experiment	O
you	O
see	O
it	O
.	O


Got	O
it	O
,	O


got	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
see	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
I	O
found	O
a	O
simple	O
modification	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
formula	O
,	O
which	O
unfortunately	O
makes	O
the	O
solutions	O
horrendously	O
nasty	O
.	O
And	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
insoluble	O
.	O


But	O
yeah	O
.	O
it	O
gives	O
a	O
driving	O
term	O
.	O


oh	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
it	O
actually	O
creates	O
a	O
situation	O
where	O
you	O
get	O
the	O
right	O
sort	O
of	O
answer	O
,	O
you	O
just	O
ca	O
n't	O
always	O
write	O
it	O
down	O
very	O
easily	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


oh	O
wow	O
.	O


so	O
you	O
're	O
pushing	O
forward	O
the	O
bounds	O
of	O
theoretical	O
laser	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
whatever	O
it	O
is	O
science	O
.	O


But	O


which	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
is	O
kind	O
of	O
interesting	O
considering	O
that	O
that	O
's	O
not	O
really	O
my	O
thing	O
.	O
.	O
Indeed	O
.	O
Indeed	O
.	O
being	O
an	O
experimentalist	O
,	O
not	O
a	O
theorist	O
.	O


%um	O
Indeed	O
.	O
oh	O
wow	O
.	O
oh	O
,	O
impressive	O
.	O
But	O


so	O
are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
get	O
an	O
article	O
in	O
Nature	B-ORG
or	O
something	O
?	O


%um	O
,	O
actually	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
sure	O
if	O
we	O
're	O
shooting	O
for	O
op-	O
,	O


I	O
think	O
Optics	B-ORG
Letters	I-ORG
is	O
probably	O
the	O
one	O
that	O
we	O
're	O
shooting	O
for	O
,	O
or	O
else	O
,	O
perhaps	O
,	O
though	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
quite	O
that	O
significant	O
,	O
would	O
be	O
Phys	B-ORG
Rev	I-ORG
Letters	I-ORG
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
letter	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
a	B-CARDINAL
couple	I-CARDINAL
articles	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O
impressive	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
how	O
much	O
you	O
know	O
about	O
scientific	O
literature	O
,	O


but	O
letters	O
are	O
much	O
more	O
prestigious	O
than	O
,	O
articles	O
.	O


oh	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


oh	O
,	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
realize	O
that	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


so	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
it	O
's	O
actually	O
a	O
big	O
deal	O
is	O


I	O
mean	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
writing	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
articles	O
based	O
on	O
your	O
Master	O
's	O
thesis	O
,	O
is	O
,	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
unusual	O
in	O
Physics	O


and	O
yeah	O
.	O
%uh	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
be	O
writing	O
a	O
letter	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
impressive	O
part	O
of	O
it	O
all	O
.	O


And	O
what	O
's	O
actually	O
kind	O
of	O
interesting	O
is	O
I	O
kept	O
telling	O
Neil	B-PERSON
that	O
I	O
thought	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
kind	O
of	O
significant	O
.	O


And	O
Neil	B-PERSON
kept	O
writing	O
back	O
that	O
I	O
should	O
tone	O
this	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
thesis	O
down	O
that	O
You	O
know	O
,	O
people	O
see	O
the	O
anti	O
phased	O
motion	O
,	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
true	O


they	O
do	O
in	O
the	O
transients	O


And	O
I	O
was	O
having	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
trouble	O
getting	O
across	O
to	O
him	O
that	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
has	O
this	O
frequency	O
in	O
the	O
transients	O
Yes	O
.	O
%eh	O
and	O
not	O
driven	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
%uh	O
,	O
what	O
happened	O
was	O
after	O
I	O
had	O
turned	O
in	O
my	O
thesis	O
but	O
before	O
I	O
saw	O
Neil	B-PERSON
again	O
,	O
he	O
went	O
to	O
a	O
conference	O
in	O
Rochester	B-GPE
and	O
there	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
big	O
issue	O
among	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
doing	O
this	O
work	O
,	O
was	O
,	O
that	O
their	O
models	O
could	O
n't	O
show	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
driven	O
frequency	O
,	O


yet	O
their	O
experiments	O
showed	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
driven	O
frequency	O
.	O


oh	O
cool	O
.	O


and	O
so	O
Neil	B-PERSON
then	O
--	O
Said	O
oh	O
just	O
a	O
second	B-TIME
I	O
--	O
like	O
a	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
came	O
to	O
Bryn	B-ORG
Mawr	I-ORG


and	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
hey	O
Lowell	B-PERSON
,	O
we	O
got	O
to	O
write	O
this	O
up	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
was	O
like	O
,	O
well	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
telling	O
you	O
that	O
Neil	B-PERSON
.	O


Indeed	O
.	O


So	O
Cool	O
.	O
Cool	O
.	O
that	O
's	O
mostly	O
the	O
sort	O
of	O
stuff	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
spending	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
on	O
now	O
.	O
%um	O


Well	O
it	O
'll	O
look	O
good	O
on	O
your	O
C	O
V	O
,	O
your	O
resume	O
.	O


so	O
you	O
might	O
as	O
well	O
spend	O
the	O
time	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
well	O
,	O


%uh	O
,	O
no	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
definitely	O
worth	O
doing	O
.	O
%um	O
,	O


and	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
spending	O
more	O
time	O
on	O
it	O
if	O
it	O
were	O
n't	O
for	O
%uh	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
burglary	O
issues	O
oh	O
yeah	O
but	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
dealing	O
with	O
.	O


So	O
are	O
you	O
still	O
living	O
in	O
that	O
house	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
of	O
the	O
park	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
the	O
thing	O
that	O
i-	O


this	O
place	O
is	O
incredibly	O
easy	O
to	O
break	O
into	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
question	O
of	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
,	O
%uh	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
that	O
was	O
easy	O
,	O


it	O
was	O
just	O
that	O
no	O
one	O
really	O
knew	O
it	O
was	O
worth	O
breaking	O
into	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
the	O
problem	O
is	O
that	O
now	O
they	O
found	O
out	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
worth	O
breaking	O
into	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
unfortunately	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
kind	O
of	O
odd	O
.	O


They	O
've	O
stolen	O
very	O
weird	O
things	O
for	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


as	O
far	O


yeah	O


as	O
a	O
.	O


The	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O
they	O
broke	O
in	O
,	O
what	O
they	O
stole	O
was	O
just	O
bizarre	O
,	O


mostly	O
worthless	O
stuff	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
%uh	O
%huh	O
the	O
most	O
worthwhile	O
thing	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
monetary	O
value	O
went	O
that	O
they	O
stole	O
was	O
the	O
pre-amplifier	O
of	O
my	O
stereo	O
.	O
Unfortunately	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
nice	O
pre-amplifier	O
,	O


it	O
has	O
an	O
off	O
board	O
power	O
supply	O
which	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
steal	O
,	O
which	O
makes	O
the	O
thing	O
that	O
they	O
**stoled**	O
absolutely	O
worthless	O
.	O


%huh	O
.	O


So	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
bizarre	O
.	O
Bizarre	O
.	O


so	O
when	O
they	O
broke	O
in	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
time	O
did	O
they	O
steal	O
the	O
%uh	O
offboard	O
amplifier	O
?	O


Actually	O
,	O
no	O
,	O


all	O
they	O
stole	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
time	O
was	O
my	O
bike	O
.	O


%huh	O
.	O


Which	O
was	O
actually	O
where	O
the	O
major	O
problem	O
came	O
.	O
Exactly	O
.	O
Exactly	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O
Is	O
that	O
I	O
suddenly	O
had	O
no	O
transportation	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
,	O
I	O
then	O
had	O
to	O
go	O
bike	O
hunting	O
and	O
eventually	O
get	O
another	O
bike	O
,	O


and	O
%mm	O
.	O
that	O
cost	O
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


Because	O
,	O


yes	O


Spending	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
hunting	O
for	O
bikes	O
,	O
and	O
nah	O
well	O
.	O
then	O
getting	O
one	B-CARDINAL
purchased	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
having	O
to	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
go	O
get	O
it	O
and	O
things	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
dealt	O
with	O
at	O
least	O
.	O


And	O
so	O
%uh	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
yeah	O
at	O
least	O
dealt	O
with	O
.	O


Now	O
I	O
just	O
have	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
financial	O
aspects	O
of	O
all	O
of	O
this	O
.	O


But	O
yeah	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O


At	O
least	O
Well	O
that	O
would	O
make	O
sense	O
during	O
the	O
summer	O
%uh	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
stipulations	O
of	O
my	O
fellowship	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
actually	O
earn	O
money	O
during	O
the	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
.	O


But	O
%um	O
,	O
guessed	O
what	O
happened	O
.	O


What	O
?	O


%um	O
The	O
%um	O


Again	O
?	O


%um	O
118.91_120.82_B:	O
Let	O
's	O
see	O
,	O


two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE


I	O
know	O
Sue	B-PERSON
is	O
going	O
to	O
Rhode	B-GPE
Island	I-GPE
.	O


%eh	O
Right	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


Did	O
she	O
see	O
her	O
mom	O
?	O


Yes	O
she	O
did	O
.	O


And	O
?	O


Yes	O
she	O
did	O
.	O


And	O
?	O


%um	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
which	O
we	O
had	O
already	O
anticipated	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
happen	O
.	O


I	O
spoke	O
to	O
her	O
mom	O
on	O
Thursday	B-DATE


%um	O
and	O
I	O
asked	O
her	O


I	O
said	O
listen	O


I	O
said	O
%um	O
please	O
come	O
to	O
Shabbat	O


things	O
have	O
come	O
to	O
a	O
point	O
where	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
to	O
relinquish	O
my	O
,	O
%uh	O
parenting	O
.	O


%uh	O
would	O
you	O
mind	O
%uh	O
taking	O
her	O
back	O


and	O
she	O
said	O
no	O
.	O


She	O
said	O
%uh	O
she	O
'd	O
be	O
more	O
than	O
happy	O
to	O
.	O


Really	O
?	O


This	O
girl	O
has	O
everything	O
in	O
her	O
dreams	O
you	O
know	O
.	O


it	O
is	O
as	O
my	O
husband	O
says	O
%uh	O
,	O
%uh	O
al	O
kadir	O
the	O
destiny	O
.	O


Selema	B-PERSON
I	O
'm	O
telling	O
you	O
,	O


it	O
is	O
like	O
Allah	O
has	O
just	O
painted	O
the	O
road	O


and	O
all	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
do	O
was	O
get	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
follow	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
things	O
have	O
been	O
happening	O
that	O
has	O
just	O
scared	O
the	O
heck	O
out	O
of	O
me	O
.	O


I	O
told	O
mom	O


I	O
said	O
mom	O
it	O
is	O
when	O
you	O
believe	O
in	O
Allah	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
have	O
faith	O
and	O
know	O
when	O
you	O
truly	O
give	O
your	O
heart	O
to	O
Allah	O
,	O
only	O
Allah	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
way	O
clear	O
for	O
you	O
.	O


%uh	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
that	O
by	O
her	B-DATE
birthday	I-DATE
she	O
will	O
be	O
living	O
with	O
her	O
mother	O
.	O


Really	O
?	O


mhm	O
mhm	O
.	O


and	O
is	O
she	O
seem	O
like	O
she	O
's	O
together	O
enough	O
?	O


she	O
's	O
in	O
a	O
two	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
program	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
in	O
the	O
program	O
now	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
doing	O
very	O
well	O
.	O


When	O
I	O
talked	O
to	O
her	O
I	O
'm	O
talking	O
to	O
her	O
like	O
I	O
'm	O
talking	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


I	O
wrote	O
her	O
a	O
letter	O
and	O
told	O
her	O


I	O
said	O
I	O
feel	O
like	O
I	O
know	O
you	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
never	O
met	O
you	O
.	O


They	O
seemed	O
surprised	O
that	O
,	O


I	O
mean	O
most	O
women	O
you	O
lose	O
your	O
baby	O
that	O
's	O
it	O
.	O


But	O
almighty	O
God	O
is	O


You	O
never	O
even	O
get	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
see	O
them	O
again	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
true	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
true	O
.	O


But	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
she	O
had	O
wrote	O
me	O
.	O


she	O
said	O
it	O
is	O
just	O
awesome	O
to	O
her	O
what	O
is	O
happening	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


aw	O
I	O
've	O
heard	O
of	O
that	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


So	O
Francis	B-PERSON


Did	O
she	O
say	O
how	O
she	O
felt	O
about	O
what	O
had	O
happened	O
?	O


No	O
.	O


we	O
have	O
n't	O
really	O
talked	O
about	O
that	O


but	O
I	O
'm	O
planning	O
on	O
making	O
a	O
trip	O
down	O
to	O
visit	O
her	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
how	O
does	O
Akina	B-PERSON
feel	O
?	O


she	O
's	O
,	O
very	O
happy	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


Very	O
ha-	O


Well	O
did	O
she	O
come	O
home	O
and	O
say	O
I	O
saw	O
her	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
like	O
her	O
or	O
what	O
?	O


we	O
talked	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O


and	O
you	O
know	O
she	O
talked	O
about	O
%um	O
her	O
sisters	O
you	O
know	O
and	O
things	O


we	O
've	O
spent	O
the	O
night	B-TIME
with	O
her	O
sisters	O
and	O
things	O


and	O
%um	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
been	O
quite	O
interesting	O
although	O
when	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
Rhode	B-GPE
Island	I-GPE
she	O
was	O
very	O
disruptive	O
,	O
%um	O
down	O
there	O
and	O
really	O
caused	O
Francis	B-PERSON
a	O
lot	O
of	O
stress	O


and	O
%um	O
Francis	B-PERSON
was	O
very	O
worried	O
about	O
me	O
because	O
she	O
came	O
home	O
two	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
before	O
you	O
know	O
%um	O
because	O
she	O
just	O
was	O
acting	O
like	O
a	O
total	O
nigger	O
child	O
.	O


uh-oh	O
!	O


Hope	O
the	O
research	O
did	O
n't	O
hear	O
that	O
!	O


uh-oh	O
!	O


wait	O


wait	O


Alita	B-PERSON
I	O
'm	O
telling	O
you	O
nobody	O
can	O
handle	O
her	O
but	O
you	O
,	O
okay	O
.	O


And	O
%um	O
,	O


but	O
she	O
was	O
very	O
concerned	O
about	O
me	O
and	O
everything	O
%um	O
because	O
%um	O
the	O
child	O
had	O
told	O
some	O
lies	O
about	O
me	O
and	O
about	O
you	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


oh	O
296.72_297.91_A:	O
oh	O
no	O
.	O


And	O
about	O


oh	O
yeah	O
mhm	O


oh	O
goodness	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


That	O
we	O
were	O
abusing	O
,	O


that	O
%um	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


oh	O
yeah	O


she	O
did	O
some	O
%eh	O
,	O


and	O
it	O
was	O
very	O
,	O
very	O
bad	O
.	O


My	O
daughter	O
-	O
in	O
-	O
law	O
Barbara	B-PERSON
got	O
on	O
her	O
case	O
real	O
serious	O
yesterday	B-DATE
.	O


Told	O
her	O
that	O
she	O
could	O
n't	O
talk	O
to	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
play	O
with	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
because	O
she	O
said	O
she	O
hurt	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
's	O
Jetta	B-PERSON
you	O
know	O


and	O
she	O
said	O
that	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
for	O
Jetta	B-PERSON
you	O
know	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
's	O
daddy	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O


oh	O
she	O
'd	O


oh	O
man	O
%uh	O
it	O
was	O


aw	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
that	O
has	O
always	O
been	O
very	O
scary	O
to	O
me	O
even	O
after	O
.	O


I	O
said	O
to	O
Mark	B-PERSON
oh	O
my	O
god	O
.	O
What	O
's	O
she	O
going	O
to	O
say	O


because	O
I	O
knew	O
what	O
she	O
would	O
do	O
if	O
I	O
took	O
her	O
somewhere	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
she	O
would	O
say	O


and	O
I	O
,	O


you	O
know	O
in	O
the	O
climate	O
of	O
today	O
,	O
Yes	O
.	O
people	O
saying	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


That	O
well	O
,	O


you	O
know	O
that	O
's	O


and	O
Francis	B-PERSON
was	O
very	O
concerned	O
in	O
reference	O
to	O
you	O
know	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
school	O
and	O
things	O


and	O
she	O
was	O
very	O
,	O
very	O
concerned	O
.	O


Alita	B-PERSON
she	O
said	O
this	O
little	O
girl	O
has	O
a	O
serious	O
problem	O
.	O


She	O
wrote	O
me	O
a	O
letter	O
mhm	O
.	O
you	O
know	O
about	O
her	O
needing	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
love	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
%um	O
help	O
and	O
different	O
things	O
like	O
this	O
,	O


but	O
you	O
know	O
you	O
've	O
heard	O
the	O
saying	O
I	O
'm	O
sure	O
from	O
your	O
grandmother	O


the	O
sins	O
of	O
your	O
parents	O
will	O
be	O
waged	O
back	O
at	O
you	O
,	O
%hm	O
.	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


%um	O
and	O
again	O
my	O
husband	O
said	O
we	O
were	O
going	O
to	O
give	O
it	O
a	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
,	O
you	O
know	O
and	O
said	O
he	O
was	O
even	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
sheik	O
pray	O
over	O
her	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
for	O
the	O
jen	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
I	O
mean	O
,	O
we	O
're	O
d-	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


and	O
I	O
think	O
we	O
're	O
still	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
doing	O
that	O


but	O
I	O
think	O
he	O
's	O
at	O
a	O
point	O
now	O
where	O
he	O
's	O
reserved	O
us	O
of	O
that	O
%um	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
that	O
she	O
may	O
end	O
up	O
going	O
%um	O
to	O
%uh	O
t-	O


oh	O
well	O
the	O
thing	O
is	O
your	O
whole	O
life	O
has	O
been	O
around	O
her	O
mhm	O
.	O
more	O
or	O
less	O


mhm	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
it	O
is	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
mean	O
absorbed	O


mhm	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O


where	O
is	O
,	O
you	O
know	O


mhm	O
%mm	O
.	O


and	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
I	O
mean	O


this	O
is	O
a	O
lousy	O


%eh	O
I	O
truly	O
believe	O
that	O
**Salem**	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
,	O


you	O
think	O
she	O
'll	O
be	O
better	O
with	O
her	O
mother	O
?	O


I	O
have	O
no	O
idea	O
.	O


I	O
really	O
have	O
no	O
idea	O
.	O


But	O


%um	O
,	O
but	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
,	O


if	O
this	O
does	O
happen	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
believe	O
it	O
may	O
happen	O
,	O
%um	O
you	O
know	O
we	O
will	O
have	O
an	O
agreement	O
,	O
she	O
and	O
I	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


%um	O
she	O
will	O
become	O
the	O
legal	O
guardian	O
and	O
that	O
%um	O


%uh	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
just	O
want	O
her	O
to	O
understand	O
everything	O
that	O
has	O
happened	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
several	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
yeah	O
.	O
and	O
things	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


She	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
clear	O
about	O
that	O
because	O
this	O
child	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
like	O
the	O
other	O
two	B-CARDINAL
.	O


%eh	O
%eh	O
You	O
know	O
,	O
%um	O
Well	O
,	O
she	O
said	O
that	O
she	O
was	O
.	O


Andre	B-PERSON
said	O
that	O
she	O
was	O
.	O


oh	O
yeah	O
.	O


She	O
was	O
like	O
her	O
two	B-CARDINAL
daughters	O
,	O


yeah	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


they	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
,	O
maybe	O
just	O


problems	O
and	O
different	O
,	O


she	O
has	O
n't	O
been	O
with	O
her	O
children	O
for	O
ten	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


Her	O
,	O
or	O
her	O
two	B-CARDINAL
girls	O
.	O


%ah	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
're	O
twelve	B-DATE
and	O
,	O


no	O
they	O
're	O
nine	B-DATE
and	O
thirteen	B-DATE
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


yup	O
,	O


but	O
she	O
's	O
working	O
very	O
hard	O
.	O


She	O
's	O
trying	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
counselor	O
in	O
this	O
drug	O
program	O
,	O
and	O
things	O


and	O
she	O
sounds	O
like	O
she	O
's	O
really	O
trying	O
hard	O
.	O


and	O
I	O
just	O
believe	O
it	O
's	O
you	O
know	O
time	O
,	O
you	O
know	O


and	O
,	O
who	O
would	O
have	O
ever	O
thought	O
it	O
though	O
,	O


you	O
know	O
what	O
I	O
mean	O
?	O


Does	O
she	O
know	O
that	O
you	O
're	O
Muslim	B-NORP
?	O


mhm	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


uh-huh	O


yup	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


yup	O


%um	O
So	O
that	O
's	O
been	O
my	O
most	O
interesting	O
things	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
three	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
.	O


oh	O
that	O
's	O
some	O
deep	O
,	O


that	O
's	O
just	O
too	O
deep	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


Been	O
very	O
,	O
very	O
,	O
very	O
,	O
heavy	O
.	O


like	O
mom	O
said	O
she	O
said	O
even	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
September	B-DATE
,	O
she	O
said	O
the	O
little	O
things	O
I	O
can	O
tolerate	O
you	O
know	O
if	O
that	O
happens	O
you	O
know	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
always	O
worried	O


you	O
know	O
even	O
after	O
you	O
left	O
I	O
said	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
hope	O
Arlita	B-PERSON
knows	O
that	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
tried	O
my	O
best	O
you	O
know	O


and	O
Everybody	O
has	O
to	O
keep	O
them	O
,	O
Selema	B-PERSON
,	O
everybody	O
,	O
everybody	O
You	O
know	O
,	O


and	O
I	O
told	O
her	O


I	O
said	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
shame	O
that	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
go	O
no	O
place	O
and	O
I	O
can	O
get	O
a	O
good	O
report	O
on	O
you	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
her	O
going	O
to	O
Francis	B-PERSON
and	O
things	O
,	O
and	O
Francis	B-PERSON
seeing	O
for	O
herself	O
,	O


she	O
was	O
like	O
whoa	O
.	O


did	O
Francis	B-PERSON
feel	O
she	O
had	O
changed	O
a	O
lot	O
?	O


oh	O
yes	O
.	O


t-	O
,	O


oh	O
yes	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
,	O
mhm	O
,	O
mhm	O
.	O


a-	O
,	O


%ah	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O
but	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
feel	O
very	O
at	O
peace	O
about	O
everything	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


I	O
feel	O
very	O
at	O
peace	O
you	O
know	O
.	O


Well	O
it	O
's	O
good	O
to	O
hear	O
from	O
Francis	B-PERSON
who	O
's	O
had	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
child-	O


Yes	O
.	O


Over	B-CARDINAL
six	I-CARDINAL
hundred	I-CARDINAL
.	O


oh	O
.	O


Over	B-CARDINAL
six	I-CARDINAL
hundred	I-CARDINAL
foster	O
children	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


Yes	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
she	O
would	O
've	O
seen	O
it	O
all	O
.	O


She	O
called	O
mom	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
mom	O


let	O
's	O
see	O
she	O
bought	O
,	O


I	O
met	O
her	O
in	O
Albany	B-GPE


mhm	O
.	O


and	O
she	O
bought	O
her	O


%um	O
she	O
caught	O
,	O


that	O
was	O
on	O
Friday	B-DATE
last	I-DATE
Friday	I-DATE


she	O
called	O
mom	O
Monday	B-DATE
And	O
talked	O
to	O
mom	O
for	O
two	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME


uh-huh	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


She	O
talked	O
to	O
mom	O
here	O
in	O
Rochester	B-GPE
.	O


oh	O
you	O
're	O
kidding	O


I	O
was	O
sick	O
up	O
in	O
Syracuse	B-GPE
.	O


She	O
talked	O
to	O
mom	O
.	O


something	O
must	O
've	O
been	O
on	O
her	O
mind	O
.	O


she	O
told	O
mom	O


she	O
said	O
she	O
was	O
so	O
concerned	O
that	O
this	O
little	O
girl	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
just	O
get	O
out	O
here	O
cause	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
going	O
to	O
send	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
school	O
,	O
the	O
Muslim	B-NORP
school	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
was	O
just	O
really	O
concerned	O
about	O
you	O
know	O
everything	O
.	O
mhm	O
you	O
know	O
.	O
What	O
the	O
possibilities	O
of	O
like	O


Sure	O
.	O


Sure	O
.	O


yep	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


Well	O
you	O
know	O
or	O
luck	O
making	O
a	O
way	O
and	O
making	O
it	O
at	O
ease	O
for	O
you	O
to	O


Well	O
you	O
know	O
why	O
Allah	O
is	O
doing	O
this	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
going	O
to	O
tell	O
you	O
why	O


because	O
my	O
daughter	O
-	O
in	O
-	O
law	O
is	O
pregnant	O
again	O
.	O


oh	O
no	O
!	O


She	O
said	O
she	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
call	O
you	O
.	O


She	O
said	O
she	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
call	O
you	O
.	O


%ah	O


I	O
said	O
well	O
you	O
call	O
Selema	B-PERSON


and	O
you	O
tell	O
her	O
.	O


I	O
said	O
oh	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
your	O
number	O
in	O
my	O
other	O
phonebook	O
I	O
said	O
.	O


I	O
said	O
you	O
just	O
call	O
her	O
and	O
tell	O
her	O


yup	O
she	O
sure	O
is	O
.	O


oh	O
my	O
goodness	O
.	O


Goodness	O
.	O


Wait	O
,	O


wait	O
,	O


did	O
they	O
do	O
like	O
%uh	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
they	O
had	O
to	O
do	O
last	O
time	O
?	O


No	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
what	O
?	O


That	O
same	O
thing	O
happened	O
to	O
Aliah	O
.	O


No	O
.	O


She	O
had	O
to	O
take	O
all	O
that	O
stuff	O
the	O
first	B-ORDINAL
time	O


but	O
then	O
the	O
second	B-ORDINAL
time	O


Nope	O
.	O


She	O


yup	O
.	O


yup	O
.	O


j-	O
,	O
j-	O
,	O


%uh	O
,	O
and	O
mom	O
said	O
,	O


I	O
mean	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
was	O
about	O
two	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
old	I-DATE


mom	O
said	O
oh	O
goodness	O
.	O


%eh	O
,	O
I	O
mean	O
cause	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
is	O
not	O
nowhere	O
like	O
my	O
other	O
little	O
babies	O
.	O


She	O
is	O
not	O
cuddly	O
sweet	O
.	O


%mm	O
,	O
%mm	O
,	O
no	O
w-	O


She	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
time	O
for	O
that	O
%uh	O
.	O


She	O
does	O
not	O
sit	O
still	O
or	O
lay	O
still	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
change	O
her	O
Pampers	B-PRODUCT
.	O


This	O
little	O
girl	O
moves	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
you	O
lay	O
her	O
down	O
on	O
the	O
bed	O


she	O
gets	O
up	O


and	O
she	O
runs	O
from	O
,	O


well	O
she	O
does	O
n't	O
run	O


but	O
she	O
crawls	O
real	O
fast	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
has	O
t-	O
aw	O


And	O
you	O
're	O
like	O
okay	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
cuddly	O
sweet	O
little	O
thing	O
,	O


she	O
,	O


and	O
she	O
climbs	O
up	O
the	O
stairs	O
,	O
Selema	B-PERSON
.	O


She	O
's	O
seven	B-DATE
months	I-DATE
old	I-DATE


and	O
she	O
's	O
climbing	O
up	O
the	O
stairs	O
.	O


Climbs	O
down	O
the	O
stairs	O


and	O
mom	O
said	O
so	O
we	O
found	O
out	O
,	O


when	O
did	O
we	O
find	O
out	O
Barbara	B-PERSON
was	O
pregnant	O
?	O


Last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
,	O
we	O
found	O
out	O


and	O
mom	O
told	O
her	O


mom	O
said	O
,	O
Barbara	B-PERSON
,	O
Jasmine	B-PERSON
is	O
just	O
moving	O


she	O
's	O
moving	O
out	O
the	O
way	O
too	O
quickly	O


she	O
just	O
was	O
not	O
a	O
little	O
sweet	O
little	O
cuddly	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


no	O
way	O


%uh	O
lay	O
there	O
let	O
me	O
look	O
at	O
my	O
grandmother	O
kind	O
of	O
thing	O


No	O
no	O
way	O


not	O
one	O
bit	O
.	O


oh	O
oh	O
Amway	B-ORG
is	O
probably	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
rule	O
though	O
I	O
could	O
just	O


I	O
just	O
got	O
back	O
from	O
the	O
gym	O
.	O


oh	O
good	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


How	O
's	O
it	O
going	O
?	O


oh	O
pretty	O
well	O
.	O


It	O
was	O
really	O
crowded	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
kind	O
of	O
assumed	O
everyone	O
would	O
be	O
at	O
the	O
shore	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
wrong	O
.	O


Well	O
it	O
's	O
the	B-DATE
middle	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
the	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
or	O
whatever	O


so	O
.	O


But	O
it	O
's	O
the	B-DATE
fourth	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
July	I-DATE
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


People	O
have	O
to	O
work	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
.	O


Do	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
work	O
tomorrow	B-DATE
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Did	O
you	O
have	O
off	O
yesterday	B-DATE
?	O


Yes	O
.	O


oh	O
that	O
's	O
good	O
.	O


And	O
I	O
was	O
paid	O
too	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


Is	O
it	O
paid	O
today	B-DATE
?	O


No	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O


yeah	O
,	O


so	O
the	O
gym	O
's	O
going	O
well	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
still	O
need	O
to	O
go	O
more	O
often	O
.	O


Well	O
how	O
often	O
are	O
you	O
going	O
?	O


Only	O
four	O
days	O
a	O
week	O
.	O


.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Got	O
to	O
get	O
that	O
up	O
to	O
five	B-CARDINAL
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
really	O
like	O
going	O
with	O
Anne	B-PERSON
Marie	I-PERSON
because	O
she	O
does	O
n't	O
like	O
to	O
stay	O
very	O
long	O
.	O


Why	O
?	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O


She	O
kind	O
of	O
,	O


well	O
unfortunately	O
for	O
some	O
reason	O
she	O
's	O
not	O
like	O
into	O
cardio	O
vascular	O
.	O


So	O
when	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
riding	O
the	O
bike	O
she	O
's	O
completely	O
finished	O
her	O
weight	O
lifting	O
routine	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


And	O
like	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
even	O
started	O
mine	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O
You	O
know	O


and	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
hinted	O
to	O
her	O
that	O
really	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
lose	O
weight	O
is	O
cardio	O
vascular	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O
It	O
's	O
true	O
.	O
And	O
that	O
lifting	O
the	O
weights	O
wo	O
n't	O
lose	O
weight	O
.	O


%mm	O
%mm	O
.	O


You	O
wo	O
n't	O
lose	O
it	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
,	O


but	O


No	O


I	O
mean	O
you	O
might	O
lose	O
some	O


but	O
that	O
's	O
only	O
when	O
yo-	O
.	O


For	O
a	O
woman	O
who	O
is	O
lifting	O
not	O
that	O
much	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
yeah	O
.	O
You	O
would	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
yeah	O


I	O
mean	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
is	O
%um	O
just	O
getting	O
your	O
heart	O
rate	O
up	O
for	O
extended	O
periods	O
of	O
time	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O


So	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O


maybe	O
she	O
'll	O
catch	O
on	O
soon	O
.	O


You	O
do	O
burn	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
calories	O
an	O
hour	O
though	O
,	O
lifting	O
weights	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O


yeah	O


I	O
mean	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
you	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
lose	O
that	O
much	O
.	O


and	O
also	O
lifting	O
weights	O
at	O
Bally	B-FAC
's	I-FAC
means	O
you	O
're	O
standing	O
on	O
line	O
for	O
as	O
much	O
time	O
as	O
you	O
're	O
actually	O
lifting	O
.	O


Really	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
too	O
bad	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
is	O
it	O
really	O
overcrowded	O
?	O


Well	O
,	O
I	O
mean	O
obviously	O
since	O
I	O
work	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
get	O
there	O
until	O
about	B-TIME
six	I-TIME
o'clock	I-TIME
at	O
night	O
which	O
is	O
when	O
everyone	O
else	O
gets	O
there	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
'm	O
sure	O
for	O
people	O
who	O
go	O
in	O
the	B-TIME
daytime	I-TIME
it	O
's	O
probably	O
dead	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O
You	O
know	O


and	O
%um	O
,	O
like	O
when	O
I	O
go	O
Saturday	B-TIME
and	I-TIME
Sunday	I-TIME
mornings	I-TIME
it	O
's	O
totally	O
dead	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


So	O


But	O
you	O
know	O
the	B-TIME
weeknights	I-TIME
is	O
pretty	O
crazy	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O


I	O
found	O
a	O
gym	O
yesterday	B-DATE
here	O
that	O
's	O
only	O
eight	B-MONEY
pounds	I-MONEY
a	O
month	O
which	O
is	O
like	O
twelve	B-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
twelve	B-CARDINAL
fifty	B-CARDINAL


oh	O
yeah	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
at	O
the	O
hospital	O
nearby	O
.	O


Well	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
deal	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
uh-huh	O
.	O
I	O
think	O
%um	O
tonight	B-TIME
Charlie	B-PERSON
and	O
I	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
go	O
over	O
and	O
join	O
up	O
.	O


Even	O
Charlie	B-PERSON
's	O
going	O
to	O
join	O
?	O


No	O
,	O


but	O
it	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
debited	O
from	O
a	O
bank	O
account	O
so	O
it	O
's	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
debited	O
from	O
his	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


In	O
your	O
letter	O
you	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
eats	O
constantly	O
.	O


oh	O
my	O
god	O
.	O


Really	O
?	O


Alice	B-PERSON
,	O
I	O
've	O
never	O
seen	O
anybody	O
eat	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
he	O
does	O


and	O
he	O
's	O
so	O
skinny	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cereal	O
he	O
eats	O
like	O
between	O
meals	O
and	O
after	O
meals	O


yeah	O
.	O


and	O
we	O
go	O
through	O
a	O
box	O
of	O
cereal	O
every	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
.	O


Really	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


He	O
eats	O
at	O
least	O
like	O
four	B-CARDINAL
of	O
cereal	O
a	O
day	O
like	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
like	O
meals	O
.	O


uh-huh	O


And	O
when	O
he	O
goes	O
to	O
work	O
he	O
brings	O
four	B-CARDINAL
sandwiches	O
with	O
him	O
,	O
uh-huh	O
.	O
a	O
bag	O
of	O
potato	O
chips	O
uh-huh	O
.	O
%um	O
you	O
know	O
and	O
then	O
little	O
sweetie	O
things	O
chocolates	O
and	O
**cakies**	O
and	O
stuff	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


uh-huh	O


And	O
then	O
you	O
know	O
before	O
he	O
leaves	O
every	O
morning	O
he	O
has	O
like	O
two	B-CARDINAL
fried	O
eggs	O
mhm	O
on	O
toast	O
with	O
cheese	O
%um	O
vegetarian	O
sausages	O
%um	O
and	O
like	O
fruit	O


and	O
oh	O
my	O
god	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
crazy	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
crazy	O
how	O
much	O
he	O
eats	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
probably	O
starving	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
here	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
what	O
we	O
got	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
just	O
when	O
he	O
comes	O
just	O
have	O
lots	O
of	O
cereal	O
.	O


He	O
likes	O
Cocoa	B-PRODUCT
Pops	I-PRODUCT
.	O


oh	O
boy	O
.	O


Wow	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
pretty	O
crazy	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
all	O
about	O
being	O
a	O
blue	O
collar	O
man	O
.	O


I	O
guess	O
so	O
.	O


They	O
're	O
the	O
ones	O
who	O
can	O
eat	O
all	B-TIME
day	I-TIME
.	O


Really	O
?	O


Well	O
I	O
mean	O
he	O
does	O
work	O
his	O
ass	O
off	O


so	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O
291.01_291.28_B:	O
%hm	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
I	O
assume	O
it	O
's	O
hard	O
for	O
you	O
not	O
to	O
eat	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
he	O
does	O
.	O


No	O
.	O


I	O
learned	O
quick	O
fast	O
in	O
a	O
hurry	O
because	O
I	O
've	O
gained	O
so	O
much	O
weight	O
.	O


oh	O
really	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Actually	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
first	I-DATE
week	I-DATE
I	O
was	O
here	O
--	O
mhm	O
.	O
--	O
I	O
gained	O
a	O
lot	O


so	O
.	O


Well	O
it	O
's	O
hard	O
to	O
you	O
know	O
not	O
eat	O
when	O
somebody	O
else	O
is	O
eating	O
.	O


Well	O
I	O
'm	O
figuring	O
it	O
out	O
fast	O
because	O
--	O
okay	O
--	O
with	O
not	O
working	O
out	O
and	O
all	O
yeah	O
.	O
it	O
's	O
pretty	O
miserable	O
my	O
crunch	O
tape	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
called	O
this	O
woman	O
today	B-DATE


and	O
%um	O
,	O
she	O
's	O
a	O
dressmaker	O


and	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
go	O
see	O
her	O
next	B-DATE
Thursday	I-DATE
and	O
talk	O
about	O
her	O
making	O
my	O
wedding	O
dress	O
.	O


Slate	O
green	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


%uh	O
.	O


See	O
,	O
that	O
way	O
I	O
can	O
have	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
want	O
.	O


Exactly	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
's	O
only	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
about	B-MONEY
two	I-MONEY
hundred	I-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
fifty	I-MONEY
pounds	I-MONEY
which	O
is	O
about	B-MONEY
three	I-MONEY
hundred	I-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
fifty	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


So	O
it	O
's	O
pretty	O
good	O
I	O
mean	O
comparatively	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


And	O
it	O
'll	O
be	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
want	O


and	O
it	O
'll	O
look	O
good	O
on	O
me	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
like	O
fit	O
me	O
,	O
Sure	O
.	O
which	O
is	O
necessary	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
because	O
I	O
'm	O
plump	O


so	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
daddy	O
got	O
%um	O
the	O
invitations	O
together	O
for	O
you	O
today	B-DATE
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
in	O
it	O
I	O
put	O
,	O
%um	O
paint	O
samples	O
from	O
Sherwin	B-ORG
Williams	I-ORG
uh-huh	O
.	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
different	O
like	O
shades	O
of	O
what	O
color	O
I	O
thought	O
you	O
might	O
be	O
thinking	O
of	O
for	O
the	O
bride	O
's	O
maids	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


oh	O
I	O
already	O
told	O
them	O
all	O
black	O


but	O
dad	O
does	O
n't	O
want	O
black	O
he	O
said	O
.	O


Mom	O
and	O
dad	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
black	O
.	O


They	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
black	O
?	O


They	O
're	O
really	O
opposed	O
to	O
it	O
.	O


Did	O
you	O
call	O
Sharon	B-PERSON
and	O
tell	O
her	O
that	O
?	O


No	O
.	O


Could	O
you	O
do	O
that	O
?	O


okay	O
.	O


Could	O
you	O
call	O
Kate	B-PERSON
and	O
tell	O
her	O
that	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Just	O
say	O
you	O
know	O
my	O
parents	O
are	O
really	O
opposed	O
to	O
black	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


They	O
wo	O
n't	O
buy	O
me	O
a	O
black	O
dress	O
.	O


They	O
wo	O
n't	O
?	O


Here	O
wait	O
.	O


Let	O
me	O
look	O
for	O
my	O
phonebook	O
.	O


No	O
.	O


Never	O
mind	O
.	O


I	O
can	O
just	O
open	O
the	O
thing	O
here	O
.	O


Now	O
wait	O
.	O


What	O
,	O


god	O
we	O
got	O
so	O
much	O
furniture	O
in	O
this	O
tiny	O
apartment	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
crazy	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
drawers	O
everywhere	O
,	O
to	O
figure	O
out	O
where	O
everything	O
is	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


Let	O
me	O
give	O
you	O
Kate	B-PERSON
's	O
phone	O
number	O
.	O


You	O
can	O
just	O
leave	O
a	O
message	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


two	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
,	O
two	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
two	B-CARDINAL
uh-huh	O
.	O
two	B-CARDINAL
two	B-CARDINAL
six	B-CARDINAL
uh-huh	O
.	O
O	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
two	B-CARDINAL
five	B-CARDINAL
.	O


okay	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
do	O
that	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O
,	O


yeah	O
,	O


apparently	O
like	O
at	O
Lisa	B-PERSON
Manachi	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
wedding	O
like	O
the	B-TIME
whole	I-TIME
night	I-TIME
people	O
were	O
talking	O
about	O
how	O
bad	O
the	O
black	O
dresses	O
were	O
.	O


Really	O
?	O


Like	O
everyone	O
at	O
mom	O
and	O
dad	O
's	O
table	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Who	O
was	O
at	O
mom	O
and	O
dad	O
's	O
table	O
?	O


Weirdo	O


just	O
all	O
of	O
Lorraine	B-PERSON
's	O
friends	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O
Who	O
you	O
know	O
of	O
course	O
most	O
of	O
them	O
mom	O
and	O
dad	O
had	O
at	O
least	O
met	O
once	O
before	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O


yeah	O
,	O


and	O
Adele	B-PERSON
still	O
talks	O
about	O
the	O
black	O
dress	O
.	O


What	O
?	O


How	O
hideous	O
they	O
were	O
.	O


Adele	B-PERSON
was	O
n't	O
at	O
Lisa	B-PERSON
Manachi	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
.	O


Adele	B-PERSON
went	O
to	O
the	O
mass	O
wedding	O
.	O


She	O
did	O
?	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


And	O
she	O
wanted	O
me	O
to	O
take	O
her	O


and	O
I	O
refused	O
to	O
go	O


and	O
she	O
got	O
mad	O
.	O


Really	O
?	O


Well	O
I	O
said	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
feel	O
comfortable	O
going	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
not	O
invited	O
.	O
mhm	O
.	O
You	O
know	O


and	O
mom	O
and	O
dad	O
were	O
like	O
well	O
you	O
know	O
a	O
wedding	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
mass	O
is	O
open	O
to	O
everyone	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
like	O
well	O
that	O
's	O
fine	O


but	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
feel	O
comfortable	O
going	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
obnoxious	O


and	O
I	O
think	O
they	O
would	O
then	O
feel	O
guilty	O
for	O
not	O
inviting	O
me	O
.	O


Right	O
.	O


To	O
--	O
--	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
other	O
thing	O
,	O
the	O
reception	O
.	O


I	O
just	O
would	O
n't	O
go	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
had	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
down	O
and	O
drive	O
her	O
home	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
're	O
always	O
kind	O
of	O
pissy	O
at	O
me	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O
That	O
's	O
okay	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
thinking	O
about	O
it	O


and	O
the	O
black	O
's	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
so	O
hot	O
you	O
know	O


but	O


mhm	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Apparently	O
they	O
were	O
also	O
carrying	O
lillies	O
which	O
is	O
kind	O
of	O
goofy	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Well	O
I	O
guess	O
she	O
did	O
that	O
because	O
someone	O
suggested	O
that	O
to	O
her	O
because	O
you	O
know	O
the	O
lillies	O
the	O
symbol	O
of	O
the	O
virgin	O
Mary	B-PERSON
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


White	O
lillies	O
?	O


White	O
lillies	O
and	O
black	O
dresses	O
.	O


%mm	O
,	O
my	O
goodness	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
funny	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Adele	B-PERSON
was	O
carrying	O
on	O
that	O
she	O
thought	O
she	O
was	O
at	O
a	O
funeral	O


and	O
she	O
had	O
to	O
keep	O
reminding	O
herself	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


So	O
now	O
you	O
think	O
my	O
wedding	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
pretty	O
tasteful	O
right	O
?	O


But	O


oh	O
yeah	O
.	O


Now	O
what	O
about	O
the	O
matchbooks	O
?	O


Well	O
I	O
'll	O
work	O
on	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
still	O
think	O
about	O
the	O
matchbooks	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
tell	O
dad	O
that	O
you	O
still	O
think	O
about	O
the	O


I	O
have	O
n't	O
forgotten	O
those	O


and	O
they	O
'll	O
still	O
be	O
enough	O
time	O
when	O
I	O
come	O
home	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
order	O
those	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
have	O
remind	O
him	O
of	O
that	O
little	O
--	O
--	O
item	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


%huh	O
how	O
fun-	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
I	O
was	O
talking	O
to	O
my	O
friend	O
Heather	B-PERSON
from	O
Wisconsin	B-GPE
the	O
other	O
day	O
--	O


--	O
and	O
she	O
's	O
telling	O
me	O
about	O
you	O
know	O
her	O
sister	O
's	O
wedding	O
.	O


And	O
at	O
her	O
sister	O
's	O
wedding	O
%uh	O
,	O
they	O
provided	O
champagne	O
and	O
beer	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
you	O
wanted	O
any	O
other	O
kind	O
of	O
drink	O
you	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
it	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


that	O
's	O
actually	O
kind	O
of	O
common	O


but	O
--	O
oh	O
it	O
is	O
.	O
it	O
's	O
pretty	O
de	O
classe	O
.	O


Well	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
thou-	O
,	O


I	O
mean	O
of	O
course	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
say	O
anything	O
to	O
her	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


You	O
know	O
I	O
said	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
I	O
knew	O
we	O
were	O
n't	O
charging	O
people	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Now	O


But	O
%uh	O
,	O


yeah	O


Dad	O
and	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
buy	O
the	O
wine	O
the	O
other	O
day	O
.	O


And	O
there	O
were	O
having	O
a	O
sale	O
on	O
the	O
wine	O
dad	O
wanted	O
.	O


Are	O
you	O
talking	O
to	O
me	O
?	O


Of	O
course	O
I	O
'm	O
talking	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


I	O
can	O
hardly	O
hear	O
you	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


I	O
thought	O
you	O
were	O
talking	O
to	O
somebody	O
else	O
and	O
like	O
put	O
the	O
phone	O
down	O
or	O
something	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
talking	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


No	O
dad	O
told	O
me	O
that	O
.	O


oh	O
he	O
did	O
tell	O
you	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
all	O
Chilean	B-NORP
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Walnut	B-ORG
Crest	I-ORG
or	O
Walnut	B-ORG
Creek	I-ORG
or	O
--	O
%mm	O
.	O
--	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


There	O
's	O
a	O
pretty	O
good	O
sale	O
.	O
%mm	O
.	O
So	O
now	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
our	O
eyes	O
open	O
for	O
a	O
champagne	O
sale	O
.	O


An-	O
,	O


do	O
you	O
know	O
if	O
Jack	B-PERSON
called	O
Spencer	B-PERSON
yet	O
?	O


I	O
told	O
him	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
to	O
do	O
it	O
this	O
week	O
.	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
just	O
keeps	O
forgetting	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
o-	O


How	O
's	O
he	O
doing	O
?	O


Much	O
better	O
.	O


yeah	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


he	O
's	O
often	O
chipper	O
.	O


He	O
went	O
for	O
a	O
walk	O
this	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
at	I-TIME
five	I-TIME
seventeen	I-TIME
.	O


Pe-	O


oh	O
my	O
god	O
.	O


Is	O
that	O
because	O
he	O
's	O
not	O
sleeping	O
and	O


Well	O
because	O
he	O
could	O
n't	O
breathe	O
because	O
all	O
the	O
cats	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
bedroom	O
.	O


oh	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
time	O
to	O
give	O
all	O
the	O
cats	O
a	O
bath	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O


yeah	O


and	O
the-	O
,	O


you	O
should	O
do	O
that	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
a	O
two	B-CARDINAL
person	O
job	O
though	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
get	O
somebody	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
.	O


%mm	O
.	O
yeah	O
.	O


%hm	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O
,	O
yeah	O
,	O


it	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
fairly	O
expensive	O
call	O


%uh	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
less	O
expensive	O
if	O
we	O
do	O
it	O
that	O
way	O
than	O
if	O
we	O
actually	O
make	O
my	O
parents	O
in	O
law	O
pay	O
it	O
,	O


then	O
it	O


the	O
Dutch	B-NORP
have	O
such	O
high	O
taxes	O
on	O
those	O


they	O
consider	O
it	O
a	O
luxury	O
to	O
call	O
around	O
the	O
world	O


so	O
they	O
tax	O
it	O
really	O
high	O
.	O


Anyway	O
%um	O


So	O
you	O
guys	O
will	O
be	O
in	O
either	O
the	B-DATE
eighteenth	I-DATE
or	O
the	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE


and	O
you	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
%uh	O
Amsterdam	B-GPE
.	O


Well	O
I	O
would	O
say	O
is	O
once	O
you	O
're	O
at	O
a	O
hotel	O
uh-huh	O
%um	O
,	O
why	O
do	O
n't	O
you	O
call	O
me	O
at	O
work	O
and	O
let	O
me	O
know	O
where	O
you	O
are	O
,	O


and	O
then	O
we	O
can	O
make	O
arrangements	O
that	O
day	O
%um	O
,	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
meet	O
you	O
in	O
Amsterdam	B-GPE
.	O


And	O
maybe	O
I	O
'll	O
come	O
by	O
,	O
public	O
transport	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
probably	O
easier	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
come	O
by	O
public	O
transport	O
in	O
Amsterdam	B-GPE
than	O
it	O
is	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
come	O
by	O
car	O
to	O
be	O
honest	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


The	O
streets	O
are	O
small	O


and	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
parking	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
probably	O
will	O
come	O
by	O
public	O
transport	O


but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
.	O


We	O
'll	O
see	O
where	O
you	O
're	O
staying	O


%um	O


and	O
there	O
's	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
for	O
you	O
guys	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
stuff	O


you	O
can	O
see	O
stuff	O
in	O
Amsterdam	B-GPE


and	O
%uh	O
since	O
the	O
days	O
are	O
really	O
long	O
,	O


I	O
mean	O
it	O
stays	O
light	O
here	O
till	O
about	O
ten	B-TIME
thirty	I-TIME
eleven	B-TIME
o'clock	I-TIME
mhm	O
.	O
at	B-TIME
night	I-TIME
.	O


So	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
we	O
can	O
take	O
a	O
ride	O
and	O
go	O
see	O
stuff	O
at	B-TIME
night	I-TIME


and	O
I	O
can	O
take	O
you	O
to	O
some	O
places	O
,	O


we	O
can	O
%uh	O
go	O
see	O
some	O
stuff	O
.	O


%um	O
,	O
depends	O
on	O
what	O
you	O
guys	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


So	O
you	O
guys	O
should	O
pick	O
out	O
the	O
things	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
and	O
let	O
me	O
know	O
.	O


okay	O


%um	O
and	O
I	O
'll	O
sit	O
and	O
talk	O
with	O
Anya	B-PERSON
about	O
some	O
things	O
that	O
maybe	O
we	O
think	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
neat	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
see	O
.	O


So	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
ideas	O
we	O
'll	O
just	O
put	O
something	O
together	O
for	O
you	O
.	O


okay	O
.	O


%um	O
but	O
yeah	O


but	O
I	O
can	O
pick	O
you	O
up	O
th-	O
,	O


you	O
know	O
I	O
'll	O
probably	O
be	O
there	O
some	O
time	O
around	B-TIME
six	I-TIME


and	O
we	O
can	O
like	O
do	O
a	O
quick	O
dinner	O
or	O
something	O
yeah	O
and	O
go	O
see	O
whatever	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
see	O
,	O


if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
Amsterdam	B-GPE
that	O
's	O
fine	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
%uh	O
off	O
into	O
the	O
countryside	O
somewhere	O
and	O
see	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
of	O
,	O
echte	O
Holland	B-GPE
,	O
real	O
Holland	B-GPE
and	O
we	O
can	O
do	O
that	O
too	O
.	O


Actually	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
up	O
to	O
Holland	B-GPE
before	O
.	O


Spent	O
about	B-DATE
two	I-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
up	O
there	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
%um	O
,	O


but	O
that	O
was	O
years	B-DATE
and	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
.	O


With	O
your	O
parents	O
when	O
your	O
father	O
was	O
stationed	O
over	O
here	O
,	O
right	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
got	O
to	O
see	O
Den	B-GPE
Haag	I-GPE
and	O
places	O
like	O
that	O
too	O
which	O
we	O
're	O
obviously	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
see	O
this	O
time	O
.	O


But	O
%um	O


has	O
Kim	B-PERSON
been	O
here	O
before	O
?	O


And	O
,	O
an-	O


No	O
.	O


oh	O
good	O
.	O


But	O
then	O
again	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
sure	O
that	O
Kim	B-PERSON
would	O
be	O
interested	O
in	O
seeing	O
Shape	B-FAC
Headquarters	I-FAC
and	O
you	O
know	O
all	O
that	O
kind	O
of	O
stuff	O
.	O
those	O
military	O
things	O
.	O


Would	O
you	O
be	O
interested	O
in	O
seeing	O
Shape	B-FAC
Headquarters	I-FAC
again	O
.	O


No	O
.	O
Not	O
really	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
did	O
n't	O
think	O
so	O
.	O


Somehow	O
I	O
had	O
this	O
feeling	O
that	O
the	O
military	O
taste	O
had	O
been	O
beaten	O
out	O
of	O
you	O
.	O


yep	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
,	O


the	O
mil-	O
,	O


I	O
ca	O
n't	O
say	O
too	O
bad	O
things	O
about	O
the	O
military	O
though	O
.	O


They	O
still	O
have	O
my	O
goods	O


and	O
they	O
'll	O
probably	O
hold	O
them	O
hostage	O
.	O


And	O
they	O
own	O
my	O
body	O
and	O
soul	O
for	O
like	O
another	B-DATE
four	I-DATE
years	I-DATE


so	O
I	O
just	O
got	O
to	O
pray	O
that	O
they	O


oh	O
do	O
they	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
owe	O
four	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
active	O
reserve	O
time	O
.	O


aw	O
great	O
.	O


Do	O
they	O
do	O
that	O
to	O
everyone	O
?	O


Milo	O
,	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
there	O


yeah	O
--	O
--	O
%eh	O
everyone	O
%uh	O
who	O
has	O
n't	O
been	O
like	O
you	O
were	O


you	O
went	O
through	O
like	O
the	O
thirty	B-CARDINAL
six	I-CARDINAL
two	B-CARDINAL
process	O
.	O


mhm	O
.	O


So	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
it	O


but	O
yeah	O
if	O
you	O
just	O
separate	O
normally	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
n't	O
served	O
at	B-DATE
least	I-DATE
eight	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
then	O
you	O
owe	O
it	O
.	O


And	O
that	O
's	O
one	O
of	O
those	O
things	O
they	O
just	O
never	O
tell	O
you	O
up	O
front	O
.	O


No	O
.	O


They	O
never	O
said	O
anything	O


I	O
figured	O
there	O
was	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
because	O


And	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
inactive	O
reserves	O
the	O
entire	O
time	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
college	O
too	O
.	O


So	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
military	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
my	O
discharge	O
papers	O
and	O
everything	O


uh-huh	O
.	O


and	O
I	O
've	O
said	O
that	O
yeah	O
I	O
will	O
give	O
a	O
urine	O
sample	O
or	O
a	O
blood	O
sample	O
if	O
they	O
call	O
me	O
back	O
for	O
those	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
my	O
trip	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
states	I-GPE
.	O
because	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
bases	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
and	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
pay	O
out	O
of	O
my	O
own	O
expenses	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Germany	B-GPE
or	O
something	O
for	O
them	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
want	O
me	O
they	O
can	O
pay	O
,	O


bring	O
me	O
back	O
active	O
duty	O
and	O
pay	O
me	O
for	O
the	O
day	O
if	O
they	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
drag	O
me	O
off	O
somewhere	O
.	O


But	O
%uh	O
,	O
first	B-ORDINAL
they	O
have	O
to	O
find	O
me	O
.	O


yeah	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
other	O


it	O
was	O
i-	O
,	O


if	O
you	O
're	O
in	O
another	O
country	O
I	O
mean	O
and	O
you	O
're	O
not	O
planning	O
on	O
coming	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-GPE
U	I-GPE
S	I-GPE
what	O
are	O
they	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
even	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


Well	O
I	O
mean	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
American	B-NORP
citizen	O


and	O
I	O
still	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
be	O
welcome	O
in	O
my	O
own	O
country	O
.	O


Although	O
g-	O


%uh	O
I	O
mean	O
if	O
they	O
denied	O
my	O
citizenship	O
and	O
I	O
became	O
a	O
citizen	O
here	O
I	O
probably	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
a	O
horror	O
either	O
,	O


but	O
%uh	O
yeah	O


right	O
now	O
I	O
mean	O
I	O
do	O
want	O
to	O
keep	O
my	O
American	B-NORP
citizenship	O


so	O
.	O


I	O
kind	O
of	O
want	O
to	O


Are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
dual	O
citizen	O
?	O


What	O
's	O
that	O
?	O


Are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
try	O
and	O
become	O
a	O
dual	O
citizen	O
?	O


Have	O
dual	O
citizenship	O
?	O


You	O
ca	O
n't	O
do	O
that	O
,	O


%um	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
dual	O
citizen	O
is	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
born	O
in	O
a	O
foreign	O
country	O


like	O
if	O
I	O
were	O
born	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
and	O
then	O
had	O
American	B-NORP
parents	O
.	O
Then	O
I	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
dual	O
citizen	O
.	O


But	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O


If	O
I	O
would	O
to	O
ask	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
citizen	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
I	O
would	O
automatically	O
lose	O
my	O
American	B-NORP
citizenship	O
.	O


As	O
far	O
as	O
the	O
Americans	B-NORP
are	O
concerned	O
,	O
yeah	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


The	O
Dutch	B-NORP
could	O
care	O
less	O
.	O


The	O
Dutch	B-NORP
would	O
say	O
fine	O


want	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
dual	O
citizen	O
,	O


that	O
's	O
fine	O
,	O


but	O
the	O
Americans	B-NORP
as	O
soon	O
as	O
you	O
ask	O
for	O
another	O
citizenship	O
that	O
act	O
of	O
asking	O
for	O
it	O
takes	O
away	O
your	O
American	B-NORP
citizenship	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
it	O
's	O
kind	O
of	O
stupid	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
'm	O
an	O
expatriot	O
.	O


An	O
American	B-NORP
expatriot	O
.	O


An	O
American	B-NORP
living	O
abroad	O
.	O


I	O
still	O
have	O
to	O
file	O
a	O
tax	O
return	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
my	O
first	B-ORDINAL
seventy	B-MONEY
five	I-MONEY
thousand	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
worth	O
of	O
income	O
is	O
tax	O
free	O
.	O


Good	O
grief	O
.	O


As	O
long	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
bring	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
states	O
.	O


Good	O
grief	O
.	O


I	B-ORG
R	I-ORG
S	I-ORG
for	O
you	O
,	O
%huh	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


oh	O
they	O
want	O
their	O
share	O
.	O


They	O
want	O
their	O
piece	O
of	O
meat	O
.	O


But	O
all	O
foreign	O
taxes	O
are	O
deductible	O
,	O


and	O
my	O
taxes	O
here	O
are	O
fifty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT
of	O
income	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
taxes	O
here	O
are	O
so	O
much	O
higher	O
that	O
,	O
yeah	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


Unless	O
you	O
became	O
C	O
E	O
O	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
then	O
maybe	O
like	O
a	B-MONEY
thousand	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
would	O
be	O
taxable	O
,	O
right	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


Somehow	O
it	O
raises	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
.	O


the	O
problem	O
's	O
going	O
to	O
%uh	O
be	O
Anya	B-PERSON
's	O
American	B-NORP
salary	O
is	O
taxable	O
here	O
and	O
at	O
fifty	B-PERCENT
percent	I-PERCENT


so	O
we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
owe	O
some	O
money	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Dutch	I-ORG
government	I-ORG
on	O
her	O
salary	O
.	O


aw	O
.	O


Some	O
amount	O
that	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
deducted	O
a	O
certain	O
amount	O


and	O
the	O
amount	O
we	O
pay	O
the	B-ORG
American	I-ORG
government	I-ORG
is	O
deductible	O
,	O


but	O
we	O
'll	O
still	O
owe	O
some	O
taxes	O
.	O


Th-	O
,	O


see	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
how	O
it	O
works	O
.	O


we	O
're	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
need	O
of	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
accountant	O
do	O
it	O
cause	O
I	O
have	O
no	O
clue	O
how	O
that	O
all	O
works	O
.	O


They	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
the	O
Quicken	B-PRODUCT
Dutch	B-LANGUAGE
version	O
?	O


yeah	O
.	O


%ah	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
I	O
would	O
n't	O
trust	O
it	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
complicated	O
with	O
this	O
international	O
garbage	O
or	O
else	O
the	B-PRODUCT
Turbo	I-PRODUCT
Tax	I-PRODUCT
with	O
the	O
Dutch	B-LANGUAGE
modules	O
.	O
that	O
I	O
just	O
would	O
n't	O
trust	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
,	O
%eh	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
complicated	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
dealing	O
with	O
a	O
Dutch	B-LANGUAGE
tax	O
form	O
.	O


Anya	B-PERSON
had	O
to	O
read	O
it	O


and	O
Anya	B-PERSON
and	O
her	O
father	O
did	O
n't	O
understand	O
the	O
damn	O
thing	O
.	O


How	O
am	O
I	O
supposed	O
to	O
understand	O
it	O
?	O


I	O
'm	O
really	O
looking	O
forward	O
to	O
moving	O
to	O
Oregon	B-GPE
and	O
dealing	O
with	O
,	O


Oregon	B-GPE
you	O
pay	O
state	O
tax	O


Washington	B-GPE
you	O
do	O
n't	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
looking	O
forward	O
to	O
that	O
cause	O
%uh	O


yeah	O


but	O
You	O
'll	O
be	O
a	O
student	O


so	O
you	O
,	O


I	O
mean	O
you	O
're	O


what	O
is	O
your	O
income	O
?	O


oh	O
,	O
well	O


See	O
I	O
think	O
y-	O
,	O
%um	O
,	O


it	O
'll	O
probably	O
be	O
about	B-MONEY
five	I-MONEY
thousand	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
the	B-DATE
portion	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
this	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
that	O
I	O
'm	O
in	O
Oregon	B-GPE


and	O
then	O
next	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
it	O
'll	O
be	O
eleven	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
mean	O
you	O
're	O
below	O
the	O
poverty	O
line	O
at	O
that	O
level	O
.	O


yeah	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
mean	O
any	O
income	O
that	O
y-	O


Well	O


But	O
then	O
I	O
've	O
already	O
made	O
say	O
like	B-CARDINAL
fifteen	I-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
or	O
whatever	O
here	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE


but	O


That	O
should	O
be	O
non	O
taxable	O
out	O
of	O
state	O
income	O
.	O


It	O
should	O


but	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
fun	O
tax	O
return	O
year	B-DATE
.	O


I	O
had	O
that	O
when	O
I	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
military	O
.	O


But	O
then	O
again	O
.	O


I	O
had	O
Kans-	O
,	O


I	O
had	O
to	O
file	O
three	B-CARDINAL
taxes	O
.	O


I	O
had	O
to	O
file	O
Georgia	B-GPE
,	O
Kansas	B-GPE
yeah	O
and	O
then	O
my	O
federal	O
.	O


So	O
.	O


Well	O
,	O
%um	O
actually	O
I	O
think	O
this	O
phone	O
call	O
's	O
just	O
about	O
to	O
end	O
cause	O
it	O
's	O
only	O
half	B-TIME
an	I-TIME
hour	I-TIME
,	O


but	O
%um	O


So	O
let	O
's	O
see	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
give	O
you	O
a	O
call	O
when	O
we	O
arrive	O
in	O
h-	O
,	O


or	O
maybe	O
I	O
'll	O
just	O
call	O
you	O
when	O
we	O
get	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
just	O
to	O
let	O
you	O
know	O
we	O
're	O
there	O
,	O


so	O
if	O
we	O
get	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
eighteenth	I-DATE
or	O
the	B-DATE
nineteenth	I-DATE
and	O
then	O
call	O
you	O
back	O
%um	O
when	O
we	O
get	O
to	O
a	O
hotel	O
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O


okay	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
great	O
idea	O
.	O


as	O
soon	O
as	O
you	O
get	O
into	O
Holland	B-GPE
and	O
get	O
yourself	O
settled	O
you	O
can	O
call	O
me	O


and	O
%uh	O
if	O
it	O
's	O
at	O
night	B-TIME
,	O
just	O
call	O
Anya	B-PERSON
's	O
parents	O


okay	O
so	O


and	O
remember	O
that	O
if	O
you	O
dial	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
you	O
need	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
zero	B-CARDINAL


so	O
like	O
right	O
now	O
okay	O
it	O
's	O
one	B-CARDINAL
eight	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
zero	B-CARDINAL
area	O
code	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
dial	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
,	O
it	O
's	O
zero	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
eight	B-CARDINAL
one	B-CARDINAL
zero	B-CARDINAL
.	O
okay	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE


and	O
then	O
yeah	O
you	O
can	O
just	O
call	O
up	O


if	O
it	O
's	O
during	O
the	B-TIME
work	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
,	O
fine	O
,	O
call	O
me	O
at	O
work	O
.	O


If	O
not	O
,	O
call	O
Anya	B-PERSON
's	O
parents	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
new	O
phone	O
number	O
for	O
me	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
,	O
I	O
'll	O
send	O
it	O
by	O
email	O
okay	O
if	O
I	O
get	O
it	O
before	B-DATE
this	I-DATE
weekend	I-DATE


we	O
'll	O
email	O
you	O
something	O


but	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
get	O
email	O
then	O
just	O
call	O
Anya	B-PERSON
's	O
parents	O


If	O
we	O
have	O
a	O
phone	O
by	O
then	O
,	O
they	O
'll	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
give	O
you	O
the	O
number	O


okay	O


and	O
just	O
remember	O
to	O
ask	O
for	O
her	O
mother	O
.	O


and	O
it	O
's	O
Goode	B-PERSON
,	O
right	O


Bode	B-PERSON


Bode	B-PERSON


Bode	B-PERSON
as	O
in	O
abode	O


abode	O


minus	O
the	O
A	O


okay	O


great	O


and	O


yeah	O


and	O
I	O
think	O
%uh	O
%uh	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
Frau	O


%uh	O
%ah	O
%uh	O
It	O
's	O
Mifrau	O


is	O


it	O
's	O
Frau	O
in	O
German	B-LANGUAGE


it	O
's	O
Frau	O


mhm	O


and	O
then	O
Dutch	B-LANGUAGE
it	O
's	O
Mifrau	O


I	O
'll	O
probably	O
never	O
remember	O
that	O


so	O
hope	O
they	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
offended	O
.	O


nah	O
do	O
n't	O
worry	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


You	O
can	O
just	O
call	O
her	O
Missus	O


you	O
can	O
just	O
call	O
her	O
Missus	O
and	O
speak	O
English	B-LANGUAGE
to	O
her	O
.	O


she	O
understands	O


just	O
talk	O
slowly	O
and	O
clearly	O
.	O


okay	O


and	O
once	O
you	O
're	O
in	O
Holland	B-GPE
the	O
line	O
will	O
be	O
really	O
clear	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
the	O
phones	O
here	O
are	O
pretty	O
good	O
.	O
once	O
you	O
're	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
just	O
these	O
to	O
America	B-GPE


it	O
's	O
always	O
kind	O
of	O
iffy	O


The	O
hot	O
dialogue	O
...	O
that	O
went	O
on	O
between	O
-LSB-	O
-LSB-	O
-LSB-	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
and	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
-RSB-	O
-RSB-	O
-RSB-	O
at	O
the	O
airport	O
prison	O
.	O


Collaborator	B-PERSON


Details	O
of	O
the	O
minutes	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
between	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
and	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
at	O
the	B-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
Prison	I-FAC
...	O


Washington	B-ORG
offers	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
a	O
television	O
appearance	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Resistance	B-ORG
in	O
return	O
for	O
his	O
freedom	O
.	O


Baghdad	B-GPE
-	O
INA	O
-	O
from	O
Aras	B-PERSON
An	I-PERSON
Nasiri	I-PERSON


Minutes	O
of	O
the	O
dialogue	O
between	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
and	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
from	O
trusted	O
American	B-NORP
sources	O
.	O


What	O
follows	O
is	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
minutes	O


At	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
conversation	O
President	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
appeared	O
extremely	O
calm	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
he	O
was	O
surprised	O
that	O
his	O
guest	O
was	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
at	O
all	O
nervously	O
tense	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
began	O
the	O
conversation	O
by	O
saying	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
I	O
came	O
to	O
meet	O
you	O
to	O
negotiate	O
the	O
situation	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
;	O
we	O
have	O
made	O
contact	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
your	O
followers	O
inside	O
and	O
outside	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
they	O
have	O
advised	O
us	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
you	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
So	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
want	O
?	O


Your	O
forces	O
have	O
occupied	O
the	O
territory	O
of	O
the	O
proud	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
you	O
have	O
brought	O
down	O
the	O
governing	O
regime	O
without	O
a	O
legal	O
support	O
,	O


you	O
have	O
assaulted	O
the	O
sovereignty	O
of	O
an	O
independent	O
free	O
sovereign	O
country	O
,	O


you	O
have	O
committed	O
crimes	O
which	O
history	O
will	O
record	O
against	O
you	O
as	O
evidence	O
of	O
your	O
blood	O
-	O
stained	O
civilization	O
.	O


So	O
what	O
do	O
you	O
want	O
after	O
all	O
that	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
trying	O
to	O
suppress	O
his	O
anger	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
What	O
's	O
past	O
is	O
past	O
,	O
I	O
came	O
especially	O
to	O
make	O
you	O
a	O
clear	O
and	O
specific	O
offer	O
and	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
hear	O
from	O
you	O
a	O
clear	O
and	O
definite	O
answer	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
mockingly	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
I	O
thought	O
you	O
had	O
come	O
to	O
apologize	O
and	O
restore	O
power	O
to	O
the	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
We	O
have	O
nothing	O
to	O
apologize	O
for	O
,	O
you	O
constituted	O
a	O
danger	O
to	O
your	O
neighbors	O
and	O
tried	O
to	O
acquire	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
and	O
practiced	O
dictatorship	O
over	O
your	O
people	O
and	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
only	O
natural	O
that	O
we	O
extended	O
our	O
hand	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
to	O
rid	O
them	O
of	O
the	O
perils	O
which	O
had	O
confronted	O
them	O
for	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	O
three	O
decades	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
know	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
ignorant	O
of	O
history	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
know	O
that	O
your	O
president	O
is	O
no	O
less	O
ignorant	O
but	O
it	O
seems	O
that	O
you	O
have	O
continued	O
to	O
lie	O
to	O
the	O
extent	O
that	O
you	O
now	O
believe	O
yourselves	O
.	O


If	O
"	O
by	O
our	O
neighbors	O
"	O
you	O
mean	O
the	B-GPE
Zionist	I-GPE
Entity	I-GPE
then	O
we	O
did	O
indeed	O
form	O
a	O
danger	O
,	O
we	O
were	O
preparing	O
to	O
liberate	O
our	O
ravished	O
territory	O
in	O
Palestine	B-GPE
.	O


This	O
is	O
the	O
wish	O
of	O
every	O
Arab	B-NORP
person	O
and	O
not	O
just	O
every	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
.	O


For	O
this	O
is	O
Arab	B-NORP
land	O
and	O
its	O
people	O
are	O
Arab	B-NORP
,	O
and	O
the	O
Zionists	B-NORP
are	O
the	O
ones	O
who	O
occupied	O
the	O
land	O
and	O
came	O
to	O
us	O
from	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
world	O
with	O
your	O
help	O
,	O
yours	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
imperial	O
powers	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
you	O
meant	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
,	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
ask	O
you	O
.	O


Did	O
you	O
withdraw	O
from	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
or	O
not	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
These	O
are	O
security	O
issues	O
.	O


Besides	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
security	O
agreements	O
between	O
us	O
and	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
other	O
Gulf	B-LOC
states	O
...	O
we	O
came	O
at	O
their	O
request	O
to	O
protect	O
them	O
from	O
your	O
threats	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Is	O
n't	O
funny	O
that	O
the	O
wolf	O
is	O
being	O
entrusted	O
with	O
the	O
sheep	O
?	O


The	O
people	O
of	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
are	O
an	O
Arab	B-NORP
people	O
.	O


And	O
Kuwait	B-GPE
is	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
territory	O
,	O
therefore	O
I	O
ask	O
you	O
to	O
read	O
history	O
carefully	O
,	O
although	O
I	O
am	O
certain	O
that	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
comprehend	O
it	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Stop	O
from	O
this	O
drivel	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
offering	O
you	O
...	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
interrupting	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
Before	O
you	O
offer	O
me	O
your	O
rotten	O
goods	O
,	O
I	O
ask	O
you	O
did	O
you	O
find	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
or	O
not	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
disconcerted	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
n't	O
found	O
them	O
yet	O
,	O
but	O
we	O
will	O
surely	O
find	O
them	O
one	B-CARDINAL
day	O
.	O


Do	O
you	O
deny	O
that	O
you	O
had	O
intentions	O
to	O
manufacture	O
a	O
nuclear	O
bomb	O
?	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
We	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
since	O
1991	B-DATE
,	O
we	O
were	O
truthful	O
when	O
we	O
spoke	O
with	O
the	O
international	O
inspection	O
mission	O
,	O
we	O
were	O
truthful	O
in	O
our	O
letters	O
to	O
Kofi	B-PERSON
Annan	I-PERSON
,	O
you	O
knew	O
these	O
facts	O
but	O
you	O
were	O
looking	O
for	O
any	O
pretext	O
to	O
occupy	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
topple	O
its	O
legitimate	O
authority	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
The	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
received	O
us	O
with	O
overwhelming	O
happiness	O
and	O
welcomed	O
us	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
practices	O
of	O
your	O
bloody	O
regime	O
over	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
all	B-DATE
those	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
in	O
which	O
you	O
governed	O
Iraq	B-PERSON
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Please	O
,	O
Mr	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
,	O
enough	O
lying	O
.	O


You	O
are	O
the	O
ones	O
who	O
have	O
opened	O
the	O
floodgates	O
to	O
cascades	O
of	O
blood	O
on	O
the	O
soil	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
you	O
plotted	O
against	O
us	O
and	O
got	O
some	O
traitors	O
to	O
take	O
over	O
power	O
over	O
the	O
land	O
of	O
the	O
great	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Those	O
you	O
are	O
calling	O
traitors	O
have	O
been	O
chosen	O
by	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
as	O
their	O
leaders	O
by	O
democratic	O
means	O
and	O
free	O
elections	O
,	O
something	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
place	O
during	O
your	O
rule	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
found	O
out	O
that	O
you	O
had	O
come	O
with	O
a	O
troop	O
of	O
traitors	O
led	O
by	O
Talabani	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
laughs	O
mockingly	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


Great	O
Iraq	B-GPE
is	O
being	O
ruled	O
by	O
Talabani	B-PERSON
and	O
Jaafari	B-PERSON
.	O


Is	O
n't	O
this	O
ridiculous	O
?	O


Then	O
,	O
which	O
elections	O
are	O
you	O
talking	O
about	O
?	O


Is	O
it	O
permissible	O
for	O
what	O
you	O
call	O
free	O
elections	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
under	O
your	O
occupation	O
of	O
our	O
country	O
?	O


Mr	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
,	O
we	O
have	O
learned	O
from	O
history	O
that	O
the	O
occupier	O
will	O
not	O
bring	O
except	O
his	O
assistants	O
and	O
lackeys	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
want	O
,	O
after	O
all	O
that	O
,	O
to	O
convince	O
me	O
that	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
enjoy	O
freedom	O
and	O
democracy	O
?	O


You	O
are	O
truly	O
delusional	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
barely	O
able	O
to	O
contain	O
his	O
anger	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
You	O
are	O
isolated	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
know	O
the	O
facts	O
of	O
what	O
is	O
happening	O
on	O
the	O
outside	O
.	O


The	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
have	O
been	O
liberated	O
from	O
your	O
oppression	O
,	O
if	O
they	O
saw	O
you	O
or	O
any	O
of	O
your	O
men	O
in	O
the	O
street	O
they	O
would	O
kill	O
you	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
challenge	O
you	O
to	O
announce	O
your	O
location	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
if	O
you	O
can	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
resistance	O
found	O
out	O
your	O
whereabouts	O
you	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
alive	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
give	O
a	O
word	O
of	O
advice	O
to	O
your	O
"	O
dumb	O
"	O
president	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
pass	O
it	O
on	O
to	O
him	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
that	O
he	O
should	O
save	O
what	O
is	O
left	O
of	O
his	O
soldiers	O
.	O


Death	O
surrounds	O
them	O
everywhere	O
and	O
history	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
merciful	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
I	O
came	O
to	O
talk	O
with	O
you	O
about	O
the	O
terrorist	O
operations	O
which	O
your	O
men	O
are	O
instigating	O
and	O
carrying	O
out	O
.	O


Your	O
men	O
have	O
recently	O
carried	O
out	O
an	O
ignoble	O
operation	O
aimed	O
at	O
the	O
Abu	B-FAC
Ghraib	I-FAC
prison	O
where	O
they	O
injured	O
and	O
killed	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
fifty	I-CARDINAL
Americans	B-NORP
and	O
also	O
killed	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
prisoners	O
imprisoned	O
under	O
various	O
charges	O
.	O


Your	O
men	O
are	O
employing	O
terrorists	O
from	O
all	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
threatening	O
the	O
democratic	O
process	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
What	O
is	O
it	O
you	O
want	O
exactly	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
I	O
am	O
making	O
you	O
one	B-CARDINAL
offer	O
,	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
released	O
and	O
choose	O
for	O
yourself	O
a	O
place	O
of	O
exile	O
in	O
any	O
country	O
you	O
wish	O
on	O
the	O
condition	O
that	O
you	O
appear	O
on	O
television	O
to	O
announce	O
your	O
condemnation	O
of	O
the	O
terrorism	O
and	O
to	O
ask	O
your	O
men	O
to	O
stop	O
these	O
practices	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Have	O
you	O
obtained	O
the	O
consent	O
of	O
your	O
president	O
to	O
this	O
offer	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Yes	O
,	O
this	O
offer	O
was	O
agreed	O
to	O
at	O
a	O
session	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
President	O
,	O
his	O
deputy	O
,	O
the	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
and	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
CIA	B-ORG
took	O
part	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
commissioned	O
to	O
inform	O
you	O
of	O
this	O
offer	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
It	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
low	O
price	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
excited	O
-RRB-	O
:	O
We	O
are	O
prepared	O
to	O
include	O
elements	O
close	O
to	O
you	O
in	O
power	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
And	O
what	O
else	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
We	O
will	O
offer	O
you	O
considerable	O
financial	O
assistance	O
and	O
will	O
look	O
after	O
your	O
and	O
your	O
family	O
's	O
security	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
you	O
choose	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Do	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
hear	O
my	O
conditions	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Yes	O
,	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
nice	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
in	O
language	O
beaming	O
with	O
pride	O
and	O
arrogance	O
-RRB-	O
I	O
want	O
you	O
first	B-ORDINAL
of	O
all	O
..	O
to	O
set	O
me	O
a	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
that	O
your	O
government	O
will	O
commit	O
itself	O
to	O
it	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
begin	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
operation	O
immediately	O
.	O


I	O
ask	O
,	O
secondly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
..	O
for	O
the	O
immediate	O
release	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
and	O
Arab	B-NORP
detainees	O
in	O
the	O
prisons	O
you	O
have	O
set	O
up	O
or	O
in	O
those	O
where	O
you	O
have	O
shackled	O
the	O
freedom	O
of	O
tens	B-CARDINAL
of	I-CARDINAL
thousands	I-CARDINAL
of	O
honorable	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
.	O


Thirdly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
I	O
ask	O
you	O
..	O
for	O
the	O
undertaking	O
that	O
full	O
compensation	O
will	O
be	O
offered	O
for	O
the	O
material	O
losses	O
which	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
have	O
suffered	O
through	O
your	O
aggression	O
on	O
our	O
country	O
since	O
the	B-EVENT
Mother	I-EVENT
of	I-EVENT
All	I-EVENT
Battles	I-EVENT
in	O
1991	B-DATE
until	O
this	B-DATE
present	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
.	O


I	O
will	O
accept	O
the	O
assistance	O
of	O
an	O
international	O
and	O
Arab	B-NORP
committee	O
in	O
estimating	O
these	O
losses	O
.	O


Fourthly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
I	O
ask	O
that	O
you	O
produce	O
the	O
money	O
which	O
your	O
men	O
looted	O
from	O
the	O
treasuries	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
its	O
oil	O
especially	O
this	O
criminal	O
Bremmer	B-PERSON
and	O
his	O
henchmen	O
from	O
the	O
traitors	O
and	O
renegades	O
.	O


And	O
,	O
fifthly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
I	O
ask	O
for	O
..	O
the	O
return	O
of	O
the	O
antiquities	O
which	O
you	O
have	O
stolen	O
and	O
handed	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
antiquities	O
mafia	O
,	O
for	O
these	O
are	O
priceless	O
treasures	O
because	O
they	O
bear	O
the	O
history	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
its	O
civilization	O
.	O


Your	O
country	O
is	O
no	O
older	O
than	O
a	B-DATE
few	I-DATE
hundred	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
.	O


True	O
,	O
you	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
neither	O
a	O
civilization	O
nor	O
history	O
,	O
but	O
all	O
that	O
can	O
not	O
excuse	O
your	O
thefts	O
and	O
your	O
hatred	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
's	O
civilization	O
and	O
Iraq	B-GPE
's	O
riches	O
.	O


Sixthly	B-ORDINAL
,	O
I	O
ask	O
that	O
you	O
hand	O
me	O
the	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
found	O
them	O
,	O
bring	O
back	O
to	O
life	O
all	O
the	O
martyrs	O
you	O
have	O
killed	O
,	O
and	O
return	O
the	O
integrity	O
of	O
the	O
glorious	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
women	O
which	O
you	O
have	O
robbed	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Is	O
this	O
some	O
kind	O
of	O
joke	O
?	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
No	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
just	O
the	O
bitter	O
truth	O
,	O
which	O
you	O
know	O
very	O
well	O
.	O


Mr	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
,	O
you	O
have	O
committed	O
the	O
greatest	O
crime	O
in	O
history	O
against	O
a	O
peaceful	O
Arab	B-NORP
state	O
..	O
we	O
met	O
each	O
other	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
eighties	I-DATE
.	O


Do	O
you	O
remember	O
your	O
offers	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Let	O
us	O
forget	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
,	O
we	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
re-evaluating	O
our	O
position	O
on	O
you	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
many	O
forces	O
which	O
displayed	O
hostility	O
to	O
us	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
.	O


We	O
have	O
decided	O
to	O
hold	O
a	O
dialogue	O
with	O
the	O
moderate	O
Islamists	B-NORP
.	O


We	O
have	O
no	O
objection	O
to	O
their	O
arrival	O
in	O
power	O
via	O
the	O
ballot	O
box	O
.	O


But	O
more	O
importantly	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
decided	O
to	O
open	O
channels	O
of	O
dialogue	O
with	O
"	O
terrorist	O
"	O
organizations	O
such	O
as	O
Hamas	B-ORG
and	O
Jihad	B-ORG
and	O
Hezbollah	B-ORG
who	O
are	O
loyal	O
to	O
Iran	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
other	O
fundamentalist	O
organizations	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
.	O


And	O
we	O
even	O
have	O
a	O
project	O
to	O
get	O
in	O
touch	O
with	O
the	O
Taliban	B-ORG
movement	O
in	O
Afghanistan	B-GPE
to	O
discuss	O
its	O
participation	O
in	O
power	O
in	O
return	O
for	O
disarming	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Then	O
you	O
have	O
begun	O
to	O
re-think	O
your	O
mistaken	O
methodology	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
It	O
is	O
a	O
natural	O
development	O
of	O
things	O
,	O
we	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
spread	O
democracy	O
to	O
all	O
countries	O
and	O
all	O
autocratic	O
movements	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
You	O
would	O
be	O
successful	O
if	O
you	O
would	O
tell	O
the	O
truth	O
.	O


I	O
know	O
the	O
reality	O
of	O
your	O
goals	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
were	O
really	O
sincere	O
you	O
would	O
begin	O
straightaway	O
,	O
you	O
and	O
your	O
allies	O
,	O
to	O
withdraw	O
from	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
you	O
also	O
have	O
to	O
back	O
down	O
from	O
your	O
position	O
of	O
supporting	O
Israel	B-GPE
.	O


I	O
know	O
that	O
your	O
president	O
is	O
stubborn	O
and	O
obstinate	O
and	O
not	O
sincere	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
He	O
is	O
a	O
democratically	O
elected	O
president	O
and	O
not	O
a	O
bloodthirsty	O
ruler	O
like	O
you	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Terrorism	O
is	O
your	O
trade	O
and	O
deceit	O
your	O
method	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
This	O
proposal	O
is	O
an	O
historic	O
chance	O
for	O
you	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
release	O
you	O
and	O
will	O
consult	O
with	O
you	O
in	O
everything	O
concerning	O
governance	O
issues	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
you	O
reject	O
this	O
offer	O
then	O
the	O
opportunity	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
repeated	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
looking	O
for	O
opportunities	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
save	O
my	O
neck	O
from	O
the	O
gallows	O
which	O
you	O
have	O
set	O
up	O
for	O
the	O
whole	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


If	O
I	O
wanted	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
accepted	O
the	O
Russian	B-NORP
offer	O
and	O
saved	O
my	O
two	B-CARDINAL
sons	O
and	O
my	O
grandson	O
from	O
martyrdom	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
not	O
know	O
what	O
the	O
fate	O
of	O
my	O
family	O
and	O
my	O
daughters	O
and	O
grandchildren	O
is	O
,	O
but	O
be	O
sure	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
concerned	O
for	O
every	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
citizen	O
and	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
the	O
Great	O
Iraq	B-GPE
more	O
than	O
I	O
am	O
concerned	O
with	O
myself	O
and	O
my	O
family	O
.	O


You	O
have	O
previously	O
made	O
me	O
an	O
offered	O
before	O
this	O
through	O
your	O
men	O
that	O
I	O
say	O
the	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
were	O
smuggled	O
to	O
Syria	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
you	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
price	O
was	O
my	O
release	O
.	O


I	O
refused	O
and	O
I	O
repeat	O
the	O
refusal	O
once	O
again	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
a	O
refusal	O
from	O
you	O
,	O
I	O
want	O
you	O
to	O
think	O
about	O
it	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
currently	O
re-evaluating	O
our	O
positions	O
,	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
bloodshed	O
on	O
both	O
sides	O
and	O
so	O
our	O
offer	O
is	O
made	O
from	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
strength	O
and	O
not	O
from	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
weakness	O
.	O


We	O
asked	O
Jalal	B-PERSON
Talabani	I-PERSON
to	O
make	O
a	O
statement	O
in	O
which	O
he	O
denies	O
any	O
intention	O
to	O
execute	O
you	O
as	O
a	O
sign	O
of	O
good	O
will	O
from	O
us	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
ready	O
to	O
review	O
our	O
position	O
completely	O
on	O
the	O
entire	O
political	O
process	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
and	O
we	O
will	O
hold	O
a	O
dialogue	O
with	O
you	O
and	O
with	O
your	O
men	O
on	O
this	O
matter	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussain	I-PERSON
:	O
Are	O
you	O
ready	O
to	O
withdraw	O
or	O
not	O
?	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
We	O
could	O
discuss	O
re-deployment	O
,	O
our	O
forces	O
have	O
prepared	O
bases	O
for	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
stay	O
.	O


We	O
could	O
withdraw	O
from	O
the	O
streets	O
and	O
the	O
towns	O
but	O
we	O
will	O
stay	O
in	O
the	O
bases	O
for	O
a	O
some	O
time	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
Then	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
new	O
lackey	O
to	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
this	O
queue	O
of	O
lackeys	O
.	O


No	O
Mr.	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
..	O
do	O
n't	O
forget	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
speaking	O
with	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
But	O
you	O
have	O
lost	O
power	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
have	O
only	O
honor	O
left	O
and	O
honor	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
sold	O
or	O
bought	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
But	O
life	O
has	O
a	O
value	O
that	O
is	O
priceless	O
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
value	O
to	O
a	O
life	O
without	O
honor	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
robbed	O
Iraq	B-GPE
of	O
its	O
honor	O
when	O
you	O
desecrated	O
its	O
land	O
.	O


We	O
will	O
get	O
our	O
honor	O
back	O
whether	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
survives	O
or	O
becomes	O
a	O
martyr	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
Your	O
followers	O
with	O
whom	O
we	O
entered	O
into	O
a	O
dialogue	O
have	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
the	O
decisions	O
will	O
be	O
yours	O
,	O
first	B-ORDINAL
and	O
last	B-ORDINAL
.	O


Were	O
they	O
expecting	O
your	O
reaction	O
?	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
For	O
sure	O
,	O
they	O
know	O
that	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussain	I-PERSON
can	O
not	O
back	O
down	O
at	O
the	O
expense	O
of	O
his	O
nation	O
and	O
its	O
honor	O
.	O


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
History	O
will	O
hold	O
you	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
blood	O
which	O
is	O
being	O
spilled	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
.	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
history	O
will	O
judge	O
you	O
because	O
of	O
your	O
crimes	O
..	O


I	O
warned	O
you	O
in	O
advance	O
when	O
I	O
said	O
to	O
you	O
that	O
you	O
will	O
commit	O
suicide	O
on	O
the	O
walls	O
of	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
here	O
you	O
are	O
paying	O
the	O
price	O
.	O


I	O
ask	O
you	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
London	B-GPE
and	O
read	O
the	O
records	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
British	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Office	I-ORG
to	O
find	O
out	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
characteristics	O
of	O
the	O
struggle	O
of	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
against	O
your	O
British	B-NORP
friends	O
whose	O
mistakes	O
you	O
are	O
repeating	O
and	O
making	O
them	O
participate	O
with	O
you	O
.	O


The	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
are	O
an	O
obstinate	O
people	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
fear	O
death	O
...	O
the	O
Resistance	B-ORG
is	O
stronger	O
than	O
you	O
imagine	O
and	O
therefore	O
I	O
predict	O
there	O
'll	O
be	O
more	O
.	O


End	O
of	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
minutes	O
...	O
the	O
source	O


May	O
your	O
steps	O
in	O
doing	O
good	O
be	O
like	O
someone	O
walking	O
on	O
sand	O
...	O
he	O
makes	O
no	O
sound	O
but	O
his	O
tracks	O
are	O
obvious	O
.	O


MOTAAWEN@HOTMAIL.COM	O


Over	B-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
sun	I-PERSON


http://alsaha.fares.net/sahat?128@96.GdrOcqF3AIR.21@.3ba9a044	O


Details	O
of	O
the	O
minutes	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
between	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
and	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
at	O
the	B-FAC
Airport	I-FAC
Prison	I-FAC
.	O


The	B-PERSON
Amateur	I-PERSON


Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
:	O
We	O
have	O
nothing	O
to	O
apologize	O
for	O
.	O


You	O
were	O
a	O
danger	O
to	O
your	O
neighbors	O
and	O
tried	O
to	O
acquire	O
weapons	O
of	O
mass	O
destruction	O
.	O


And	O
you	O
practiced	O
dictatorship	O
over	O
your	O
people	O
.	O


and	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
natural	O
that	O
we	O
extended	O
our	O
hand	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
Iraq	B-GPE
to	O
rid	O
them	O
of	O
the	O
perils	O
which	O
had	O
confronted	O
them	O
for	O
more	B-CARDINAL
than	O
three	O
decades	O
.	O


And	O
did	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
free	O
Iraq	B-GPE
from	O
dangers	O
?	O


He	O
is	O
really	O
delusional	O
...	O


I	O
have	O
reservations	O
about	O
what	O
appeared	O
in	O
these	O
minutes	O
...	O
because	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
unlikely	O
that	O
what	O
happened	O
at	O
that	O
meeting	O
would	O
leak	O
out	O
this	O
easily	O
...	O


And	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
believe	O
that	O
Rumsfeld	B-PERSON
would	O
meet	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
unless	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
himself	O
made	O
signs	O
...	O
the	O
important	O
thing	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
expression	O
quoted	O
above	O
tells	O
of	O
a	O
reality	O
that	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
but	O
accepted	O
...	O


May	O
God	O
the	O
Great	O
forgive	O
me	O
.	O


Collaborator	B-PERSON


My	O
brother	O
,	O
Over	B-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Sun	I-PERSON
.	O
I	O
apologize	O
for	O
repeating	O
the	O
article	O
,	O
and	O
thank	O
you	O
for	O
participating	O
.	O


May	O
your	O
steps	O
in	O
doing	O
good	O
be	O
like	O
someone	O
walking	O
on	O
sand	O
...	O
he	O
makes	O
no	O
sound	O
but	O
his	O
tracks	O
are	O
obvious	O
.	O


MOTAAWEN@HOTMAIL.COM	O


Cooperator	B-PERSON


My	O
brother	O
Amateur	B-PERSON
Thank	O
you	O
for	O
participating	O
.	O


May	O
your	O
steps	O
in	O
doing	O
good	O
be	O
like	O
someone	O
walking	O
on	O
sand	O
...	O
he	O
makes	O
no	O
sound	O
but	O
his	O
tracks	O
are	O
obvious	O
.	O


MOTAAWEN@HOTMAIL.COM	O


Qais	B-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Son	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
His	I-PERSON
Father	I-PERSON


The	B-PERSON
Martyr	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Nation	I-PERSON
,	O
God	O
is	O
his	O
protector	O
and	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
recommend	O
anyone	O
above	O
God	O
,	O
ascended	O
up	O
the	O
gallows	O
walking	O
straight	O
,	O
not	O
with	O
a	O
bowed	O
head	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
was	O
treated	O
to	O
what	O
-LRB-	O
-LRB-	O
the	O
lackeys	O
-RRB-	O
-RRB-	O
witnessed	O
.	O


He	O
disdained	O
death	O
and	O
was	O
not	O
bothered	O
by	O
it	O
,	O
challenging	O
the	O
provocations	O
of	O
the	O
imperialist	O
donkeys	O
with	O
full	O
self	O
-	O
control	O
,	O
repeating	O
the	O
words	O
"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
God	O
but	O
God	O
and	O
Mohammed	B-PERSON
is	O
the	O
messenger	O
of	O
God	O
.	O
"	O


After	O
the	O
sentence	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
and	O
his	O
body	O
was	O
dangling	O
in	O
the	O
air	O
,	O
his	O
shoes	O
were	O
above	O
the	O
heads	O
of	O
the	O
scum	O
,	O
the	O
imperialist	O
donkeys	O
,	O
those	O
on	O
whose	O
backs	O
the	O
people	O
of	O
the	O
cross	O
are	O
riding	O
and	O
who	O
share	O
the	O
trenches	O
with	O
them	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
the	O
most	O
despicable	O
,	O
vile	O
and	O
contemptible	O
crime	O
the	O
Islamic	B-NORP
world	O
has	O
know	O
in	O
our	O
current	B-DATE
age	I-DATE
.	O


.	O


-LRB-	O
-RRB-	O


Exalted	O
in	O
life	O
and	O
in	O
death	O
****	O
verily	O
,	O
you	O
are	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
miracles	O


As	O
if	O
the	O
people	O
around	O
you	O
when	O
they	O
rose	O
up	O
****	O
delegations	O
at	O
your	O
call	O
in	O
the	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
prayer	I-DATE
.	O


As	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
standing	O
amongst	O
them	O
addressing	O
-	O
****	O
and	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
standing	O
to	O
pray	O


You	O
extended	O
your	O
hands	O
towards	O
them	O
in	O
welcome	O
****	O
just	O
as	O
you	O
extended	O
them	O
towards	O
them	O
with	O
gifts	O
.	O


When	O
the	O
bowels	O
of	O
the	O
Earth	B-LOC
became	O
too	O
tight	O
to	O
-	O
****	O
confine	O
your	O
exaltedness	O
after	O
Death	O
They	O
made	O
the	O
air	O
your	O
tomb	O
and	O
they	O
exchanged	O
-	O
****	O
for	O
the	O
shrouds	O
the	O
gown	O
of	O
the	O
sandy	O
winds	O


For	O
Your	O
Greatness	O
in	O
our	O
souls	O
grows	O
and	O
is	O
tended	O
-	O
****	O
by	O
guards	O
and	O
trustworthy	O
confidents	O


May	O
the	O
Compassionate	O
rain	O
his	O
blessings	O
on	O
you	O
-	O
*****	O
with	O
mercies	O
passing	O
to	O
and	O
fro	O


The	B-PERSON
Emirati	I-PERSON


Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
:	O
I	O
have	O
nothing	O
left	O
but	O
honor	O
and	O
honor	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
bought	O
and	O
sold	O
.	O


The	B-PERSON
Collaborator	I-PERSON


My	O
brother	O
Qais	B-PERSON
,	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Son	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
his	I-PERSON
Father	I-PERSON
,	O
I	O
thank	O
you	O
for	O
your	O
post	O
and	O
the	O
addition	O
,	O
may	O
God	O
take	O
care	O
of	O
you	O
.	O


May	O
your	O
steps	O
in	O
doing	O
good	O
be	O
like	O
someone	O
walking	O
on	O
sand	O
...	O
he	O
makes	O
no	O
sound	O
but	O
his	O
tracks	O
are	O
obvious	O
.	O


MOTAAWEN@HOTMAIL.COM	O


Saddam	B-PERSON
's	O
last	B-ORDINAL
days	O
and	O
what	O
is	O
said	O
he	O
was	O
like	O


Bu	B-PERSON
Thari	I-PERSON


What	O
we	O
know	O
about	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
is	O
that	O
he	O
had	O
changed	O
a	O
lot	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
Islamic	B-NORP
tendecies	O
and	O
acts	O
which	O
many	O
Iraqis	B-NORP
mentioned	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
supported	O
to	O
a	O
great	O
extent	O
the	O
building	O
of	O
mosques	O
centers	O
for	O
memorizing	O
Koran	B-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
and	O
charities	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
dancer	O
's	O
punishment	O
was	O
death	O
.	O


He	O
had	O
many	O
works	O
.	O


But	O
some	O
explained	O
his	O
Islamic	B-PERSON
tendency	O
by	O
saying	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
currying	O
favor	O
with	O
the	O
Sunnis	B-NORP
as	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
reading	O
his	O
mind	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
followed	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
,	O
especially	O
in	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
,	O
and	O
I	O
noticed	O
about	O
him	O
was	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
religion	O
but	O
there	O
was	O
injustice	O
and	O
coarseness	O
.	O


And	O
his	O
punishment	O
was	O
unjust	O
.	O


I	O
mean	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
dancer	O
would	O
be	O
killed	O
after	O
second	B-ORDINAL
offence	O
.	O


I	O
did	O
not	O
expect	O
anyone	O
to	O
kill	O
the	O
dancer	O
unless	O
good	O
would	O
come	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
like	O
the	O
most	O
idiots	O
his	O
aim	O
was	O
correct	O
but	O
the	O
method	O
was	O
wrong	O
.	O


Another	O
example	O
-	O
after	O
his	O
son	O
Udai	B-PERSON
harmed	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
people	O
and	O
attacked	O
women	O
and	O
other	O
matters	O
,	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
ordered	O
him	O
to	O
be	O
killed	O
.	O


And	O
in	O
fact	O
he	O
was	O
fired	O
on	O
but	O
survived	O
miraculously	O
,	O
after	O
being	O
hit	O
with	O
several	O
fatal	O
shots	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
hit	O
his	O
spine	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
sign	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
good	O
in	O
him	O
otherwise	O
he	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
ordered	O
the	O
killing	O
of	O
his	O
son	O
,	O
his	O
own	O
child	O
.	O


But	O
he	O
was	O
not	O
a	O
scholar	O
nor	O
feared	O
in	O
God	O
.	O


I	O
myself	O
heard	O
from	O
some	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
about	O
the	O
things	O
that	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
used	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
and	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
reasonably	O
done	O
by	O
anyone	O
other	O
than	O
a	O
good	O
Moslem	B-NORP
To	O
the	O
extent	O
that	O
many	O
said	O
of	O
his	O
actions	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
only	O
to	O
gain	O
favor	O
amongst	O
the	O
Sunnis	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
religious	O
.	O


But	O
we	O
judge	O
by	O
the	O
appearances	O
and	O
his	O
end	O
was	O
in	O
line	O
with	O
the	O
appearance	O
.	O


In	O
his	O
last	B-ORDINAL
days	O
during	O
the	O
fall	O
of	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
and	O
his	O
disappearance	O
,	O
an	O
old	O
woman	O
or	O
man	O
said	O
on	O
TV	O
on	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
channel	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
hiding	O
in	O
her	O
house	O
and	O
had	O
had	O
his	O
prayer	O
mat	O
with	O
him	O
and	O
was	O
always	O
praying	O
and	O
reading	O
the	O
Koran	B-WORK_OF_ART
.	O


Do	O
we	O
say	O
no	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
hypocrisy	O
?	O


Bear	O
in	O
mind	O
that	O
many	O
have	O
said	O
that	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
prayed	O
regularly	O
especially	O
after	O
he	O
was	O
put	O
in	O
prison	O
by	O
the	O
Rafida	B-PERSON
and	O
their	O
masters	O
.	O


Some	O
of	O
those	O
who	O
said	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
always	O
praying	O
and	O
reading	O
the	O
Koran	B-WORK_OF_ART
are	O
the	O
Christians	B-NORP
who	O
visited	O
him	O
in	O
his	O
prison	O
cell	O
.	O


Finally	O
,	O
during	O
his	O
hanging	O
,	O
the	O
Rafida	B-PERSON
tried	O
to	O
distract	O
him	O
and	O
keep	O
him	O
from	O
saying	O
the	O
Creed	O
before	O
his	O
death	O
.	O


They	O
were	O
trying	O
everything	O
they	O
could	O
but	O
we	O
say	O
that	O
God	O
made	O
him	O
steadfast	O
for	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
to	O
see	O
that	O
he	O
died	O
acknowledging	O
God	O
.	O


The	O
Rafida	B-PERSON
were	O
shouting	O
provocative	O
words	O
such	O
as	O
Muqtada	B-PERSON
and	O
al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Sadr	I-PERSON
so	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
lose	O
control	O
and	O
curse	O
them	O
,	O
then	O
they	O
would	O
have	O
killed	O
him	O
.	O


So	O
they	O
could	O
show	O
the	O
clip	O
in	O
which	O
there	O
is	O
cursing	O
and	O
insults	O
from	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
and	O
cut	O
the	O
rest	O
.	O


However	O
he	O
remained	O
steadfast	O
in	O
saying	O
the	O
creed	O
and	O
was	O
killed	O
whilst	O
saying	O
it	O
.	O


I	O
believe	O
that	O
this	O
could	O
n't	O
have	O
happened	O
without	O
God	O
making	O
him	O
steadfast	O
otherwise	O
God	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
made	O
him	O
steadfast	O
in	O
it	O
.	O


As	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
sheikhs	O
says	O
,	O
many	O
people	O
when	O
they	O
were	O
supposed	O
to	O
say	O
the	O
creed	O
and	O
were	O
being	O
dictated	O
the	O
creed	O
by	O
those	O
present	O
would	O
murmur	O
"	O
Did	O
love	O
see	O
drunkards	O
?	O
"	O


Other	O
people	O
say	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
not	O
said	O
it	O
while	O
I	O
was	O
alive	O
and	O
you	O
want	O
me	O
to	O
say	O
it	O
when	O
I	O
am	O
dying	O
...	O
the	O
truth	O
is	O
what	O
is	O
apparent	O
.	O


But	O
Saddam	B-PERSON
Hussein	I-PERSON
was	O
reasonable	O
in	O
that	O
he	O
repented	O
and	O
turned	O
to	O
his	O
creator	O
who	O
receives	O
the	O
repentance	O
from	O
his	O
slave	O
.	O


And	O
he	O
committed	O
himself	O
to	O
the	O
worship	O
of	O
God	O
.	O
And	O
remained	O
loyal	O
to	O
God	O
.	O


I	O
ask	O
God	O
to	O
have	O
mercy	O
on	O
him	O
and	O
to	O
forgive	O
him	O
and	O
to	O
give	O
him	O
an	O
ample	O
dwelling	O
in	O
his	O
paradise	O
and	O
guide	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
Ba'thists	B-NORP
.	O


The	O
success	O
of	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
failure	O
of	O
Hebrew	B-LANGUAGE
,	O
the	O
film	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Death	I-WORK_OF_ART
Squads	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
for	O
downloading	O
.	O


The	B-PERSON
Source	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
channel	O
broadcasted	O
the	O
film	O
"	B-WORK_OF_ART
The	I-WORK_OF_ART
Death	I-WORK_OF_ART
Squads	I-WORK_OF_ART
"	I-WORK_OF_ART
with	O
subtitles	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
previously	O
shown	O
on	O
the	B-ORG
British	I-ORG
Channel	I-ORG
4	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
this	O
film	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
Shiites	B-NORP
in	O
our	O
beloved	O
Iraq	B-GPE
becomes	O
clearer	O
.	O


The	O
Hebrew	B-LANGUAGE
channel	O
,	O
I	O
meant	O
the	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
channel	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
dare	O
,	O
to	O
broadcast	O
this	O
film	O
or	O
even	O
mention	O
it	O
and	O
the	O
reasons	O
are	O
famously	O
unknown	O
..	O


This	O
is	O
a	O
unique	O
precedent	O
for	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
..	O


There	O
are	O
many	O
questions	O
,	O
amongst	O
them	O
the	O
timing	O
of	O
its	O
being	O
shown	O
at	O
this	O
very	O
time	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
conflict	O
in	O
interests	O
between	O
the	O
Sons	O
of	O
Monkeys	O
and	O
Pigs	O
and	O
the	O
Sons	O
of	O
Temporary	O
Marriages	O
...	O


I	O
leave	O
you	O
with	O
the	O
film	O
which	O
saddens	O
the	O
heart	O
and	O
makes	O
it	O
bleed	O
....	O


the	O
link	O
to	O
the	O
film	O
..	O


http://z08.zupload.com/download.php?...filepath=48993	O


The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Islam	I-WORK_OF_ART
Diary	I-WORK_OF_ART
:	O
A	O
leader	O
of	O
the	O
Shiite	B-NORP
death	O
squads	O
in	O
Sadr	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
,	O
east	O
of	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
,	O
acknowledged	O
that	O
the	O
Mahdi	B-ORG
Army	I-ORG
militia	O
was	O
involved	O
in	O
killing	O
operations	O
of	O
Arab	B-NORP
Sunni	B-NORP
men	O
after	O
kidnapping	O
them	O
,	O
despite	O
their	O
relatives	O
having	O
paid	O
the	O
blood	O
money	O
demanded	O
by	O
the	O
hostage	O
-	O
takers	O
in	O
return	O
for	O
their	O
being	O
freed	O
.	O


Speaking	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
about	O
an	O
Iranian	B-NORP
role	O
in	O
the	O
financing	O
and	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
war	O
of	O
genocide	O
against	O
the	O
Sunnis	B-NORP
.	O
"	O
Fadil	B-PERSON
"	O
,	O
a	O
commander	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
Mahdi	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
tells	O
how	O
he	O
had	O
followed	O
three	B-CARDINAL
Arab	B-NORP
Sunni	B-NORP
men	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
some	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
and	O
detained	O
them	O
when	O
they	O
were	O
crossing	O
the	B-FAC
Karada	I-FAC
bridge	I-FAC
,	O
after	O
having	O
informed	O
an	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
army	O
road	O
block	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
area	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
pursuing	O
"	O
terrorists	O
"	O
,	O
then	O
attacked	O
the	O
car	O
of	O
the	O
group	O
in	O
question	O
.	O


He	O
also	O
told	O
the	B-ORG
British	I-ORG
Guardian	I-ORG
that	O
he	O
took	O
the	O
three	B-CARDINAL
men	O
to	O
Sadr	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
where	O
his	O
group	O
had	O
interrogated	O
them	O
then	O
executed	O
them	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
members	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Mahdi	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
usually	O
demanded	O
a	O
ransom	O
from	O
the	O
families	O
of	O
the	O
hostages	O
in	O
return	O
for	O
freeing	O
their	O
relatives	O
,	O
and	O
would	O
liquidate	O
them	O
anyway	O
after	O
they	O
receive	O
the	O
ransom	O
.	O


The	O
newspaper	O
quoted	O
another	O
commander	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
Mahdi	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
as	O
saying	O
;	O
"	O
We	O
have	O
taken	O
10	B-CARDINAL
Sunnis	B-NORP
hostages	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
get	O
a	O
ransom	O
for	O
five	B-CARDINAL
of	O
them	O
,	O
then	O
we	O
will	O
kill	O
them	O
all	O
.	O
In	O
every	O
major	O
hostage	O
-	O
taking	O
operation	O
we	O
get	O
50	B-MONEY
thousand	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
,	O
"	O
and	O
he	O
considered	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
best	O
business	O
a	O
person	O
could	O
be	O
running	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
now	O
!	O


The	O
newspaper	O
described	O
"	O
Fadil	B-PERSON
"	O
as	O
a	O
valuable	O
commander	O
to	O
this	O
squad	O
because	O
he	O
is	O
a	O
Shiite	B-NORP
who	O
grew	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
area	O
south	O
of	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


He	O
speaks	O
in	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
dialect	O
and	O
carries	O
an	O
identity	O
card	O
from	O
the	O
Yusufiyah	B-GPE
Sunni	B-NORP
village	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
can	O
enter	O
the	O
Sunni	B-NORP
areas	O
without	O
anyone	O
knowing	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
a	O
Shiite	B-NORP
.	O
"	O


It	O
pointed	O
out	O
that	O
Fadil	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
likes	O
are	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
dozens	B-CARDINAL
of	O
corpses	O
which	O
are	O
being	O
found	O
daily	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
.	O


This	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
security	O
plan	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
successful	O
unless	O
the	O
Americans	B-NORP
control	O
squads	O
such	O
as	O
these	O
to	O
put	O
breaks	O
on	O
the	O
civil	O
war	O
.	O


"	O
Fadil	B-PERSON
"	O
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
Mahdi	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
is	O
resorting	O
in	O
its	O
operations	O
to	O
reinforcements	O
from	O
Iraqi	B-NORP
army	O
units	O
commanded	O
by	O
its	O
members	O
or	O
sympathizers	O
,	O
and	O
confirmed	O
that	O
all	O
the	O
police	O
belong	O
to	O
the	O
Shiite	B-NORP
militia	O
.	O


He	O
added	O
that	O
the	B-ORG
Mahdi	I-ORG
Army	I-ORG
is	O
receiving	O
logistic	O
and	O
military	O
support	O
from	O
Iran	B-GPE
and	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
encountering	O
any	O
problems	O
in	O
getting	O
weapons	O
through	O
to	O
Sadr	B-GPE
City	I-GPE
because	O
they	O
usually	O
present	O
a	O
letter	O
to	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
checkpoints	O
they	O
pass	O
through	O
.	O


Son	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Interior	I-PERSON


"	O
The	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
channel	O
is	O
superior	O
to	O
the	B-ORG
Al	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
in	O
many	O
areas	O
"	O
"	O
even	O
though	O
it	O
has	O
some	O
bad	O
faults	O
"	O


"	O
______________	O
al	O
-	O
Mu'tasim	O
____________	O
"	O


Abu	B-PERSON
Bakr	I-PERSON
al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Razi	I-PERSON


I	O
swear	O
!!!!!	O


You	O
are	O
like	O
a	O
Zubairi	B-PERSON
Chairman	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Club	I-PERSON


-LSB-	O
QUOTE	O


You	O
are	O
like	O
a	O
Zubairi	B-PERSON
-LSB-	O
/quote	O
-RSB-	O


Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON


God	O
bless	O
you	O
,	O
my	O
brother	O
,	O
Son	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Interior	I-PERSON


As	O
for	O
it	O
being	O
superior	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
superior	O
to	O
the	O
Hebrew	B-LANGUAGE
,	O
I	O
mean	O
the	O
'Arabiya	B-ORG
channel	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
competition	O
between	O
them	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
one	O
at	O
conveying	O
the	O
incidents	O
on	O
the	O
ground	O
in	O
Iraq	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
has	O
not	O
covered	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
facts	O
.	O


As	O
regards	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
faults	O
they	O
are	O
many	O
-	O
especially	O
its	O
view	O
of	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
..	O


As	O
we	O
have	O
said	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
unique	O
precedent	O
for	O
it	O
...	O


The	B-PERSON
Glare	I-PERSON


Brother	O
Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
very	O
good	O
morning	B-TIME
to	O
you	O
.	O


This	O
Zionist	B-NORP
-	I-NORP
American	I-NORP
and	O
Safavid	B-NORP
evil	O
triangle	O
has	O
nothing	O
else	O
to	O
do	O
but	O
put	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
the	O
Sunnis	B-NORP
and	O
the	O
Book	B-WORK_OF_ART
so	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
one	O
to	O
resist	O
them	O
.	O


But	O
however	O
much	O
they	O
try	O
,	O
Baghdad	B-GPE
will	O
remain	O
,	O
by	O
God	O
's	O
decree	O
,	O
the	O
capital	O
of	O
the	O
Islamic	B-NORP
caliphate	O
.	O


It	O
will	O
return	O
,	O
God	O
permitting	O
!	O


The	O
victories	O
of	O
the	O
Mujahideen	O
are	O
obvious	O
and	O
America	B-GPE
and	O
its	O
Safavid	B-NORP
henchmen	O
are	O
no	O
longer	O
able	O
to	O
hide	O
this	O
fact	O
.	O


God	O
be	O
praised	O
and	O
blessed	O
and	O
we	O
ask	O
Him	O
the	O
Almighty	O
on	O
high	O
to	O
empower	O
the	O
Mujahideen	O
to	O
be	O
victorious	O
and	O
strong	O
;	O
He	O
has	O
the	O
power	O
and	O
ability	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O


Unique	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
His	I-PERSON
Kind	I-PERSON


My	O
brother	O
Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON
.	O
The	O
truth	O
is	O
that	O
I	O
saw	O
the	O
film	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
really	O
terrifying	O
to	O
the	O
extent	O
that	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
was	O
watching	O
a	O
fictional	O
film	O
...	O
because	O
I	O
could	O
not	O
imagine	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
Safavid	B-NORP
hatred	O
and	O
criminality	O
.	O


Despite	O
what	O
I	O
had	O
already	O
imagined	O
regarding	O
their	O
hatred	O
and	O
criminality	O
nevertheless	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
imagine	O
them	O
reaching	O
this	O
level	O
of	O
hatred	O
and	O
criminality	O
.	O


Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
deserves	O
every	O
appreciation	O
for	O
showing	O
this	O
film	O
to	O
the	O
Arab	B-NORP
viewer	O
.	O


But	O
as	O
for	O
the	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
channel	O
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Rashed	I-PERSON
is	O
its	O
director	O
I	O
wash	O
my	O
hands	O
of	O
it	O
completely	O
.	O


Greetings	O
.	O


Abu	B-PERSON
Juri	I-PERSON


Permit	O
me	O
to	O
differ	O
.	O


The	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
channel	O
in	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
has	O
pulled	O
the	O
rug	O
out	O
from	O
under	O
the	O
lying	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
channel	O
.	O


If	O
the	O
al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
channel	O
has	O
,	O
as	O
you	O
say	O
,	O
shown	O
a	O
tape	O
about	O
the	O
Shiites	B-NORP
then	O
it	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
,	O
has	O
not	O
presented	O
more	O
important	O
tapes	O
about	O
the	O
treacherous	O
government	O
of	O
Qatar	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
last	B-ORDINAL
of	O
these	O
tapes	O
or	O
news	O
is	O
Peres	B-PERSON
'	O
visit	O
to	O
Doha	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
warm	O
reception	O
which	O
he	O
and	O
his	O
delegation	O
enjoyed	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
channel	O
without	O
faults	O
.	O


But	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
is	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
them	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
more	O
credible	O
than	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
whose	O
first	B-ORDINAL
aim	O
,	O
as	O
we	O
all	O
know	O
,	O
is	O
to	O
attack	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
and	O
to	O
interfere	O
in	O
our	O
country	O
's	O
affairs	O
,	O
even	O
the	O
private	O
ones	O
.	O


I	O
wish	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
only	O
once	O
,	O
to	O
watch	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
those	B-ORG
al	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
programs	O
in	O
which	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
shouting	O
and	O
fighting	O
,	O
talking	O
about	O
the	B-FAC
Al	I-FAC
-	I-FAC
Udeid	I-FAC
Base	I-FAC
,	O
or	O
the	O
Israeli	B-NORP
trade	O
office	O
and	O
what	O
the	O
Israelis	B-NORP
are	O
doing	O
exactly	O
.	O


There	O
are	O
hidden	O
matters	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
Qatar	B-GPE
and	O
its	O
government	O
.	O


But	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
tries	O
to	O
cover	O
up	O
these	O
failings	O
by	O
attacking	O
other	O
states	O
and	O
governments	O
.	O


Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON


Try	O
again	O
perhaps	O
we	O
can	O
understand	O
what	O
you	O
wrote	O
...	O


Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON


By	O
God	O
's	O
will	O
I	O
have	O
just	O
understood	O
it	O
.	O


Source	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON


May	O
God	O
grant	O
you	O
long	O
life	O
,	O
my	O
esteemed	O
brother	O
Glare	B-PERSON
.	O


You	O
are	O
right	O
in	O
what	O
you	O
wrote	O
.	O


And	O
victory	O
is	O
coming	O
by	O
God	O
's	O
leave	O
.	O


Salem	B-PERSON


Neither	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
nor	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
--	O


How	O
I	O
wish	O
success	O
to	O
the	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Majd	I-ORG
channels	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
truly	O
the	O
most	O
pure	O
and	O
credible	O
media	O
channels	O
on	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
the	O
Earth	B-LOC
.	O


As	O
for	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
channels	O
they	O
serve	O
dubious	O
agendas	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
hit	O
the	O
spot	O
once	O
they	O
miss	O
a	B-CARDINAL
thousand	I-CARDINAL
times	O
.	O


Son	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Interior	I-PERSON


"!!"	O
we	O
have	O
al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Razi	I-PERSON
here	O
;	O
who	O
is	O
his	O
equal	O
"!!"	O


"	O
A	O
scholar	O
and	O
a	O
genius	O
,	O
an	O
inventor	O
and	O
discoverer	O
"	O


"	O
Abu	B-PERSON
Bakr	I-PERSON
!	O
You	O
said	O
nothing	O
new	O
"	O


"	O
_______________	O
Al	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Mu'tasim	I-PERSON
_________	O
"	O


the	B-PERSON
Source	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Word	I-PERSON
.	O


May	O
God	O
grant	O
you	O
long	O
life	O
,	O
my	O
brother	O
Unique	B-PERSON
,	O
welcome	O
back	O
!	O


The	B-ORG
Al	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
Arabiya	I-ORG
started	O
as	O
a	O
rival	O
to	O
Al	B-ORG
-	I-ORG
Jazeera	I-ORG
but	O
it	O
failed	O
and	O
the	O
reason	O
is	O
famously	O
unknown	O
...	O
you	O
find	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
word	O
Hebrew	B-LANGUAGE


And	O
so	O
the	O
news	O
started	O
and	O
the	O
competition	O
was	O
won	O
with	O
make	O
-	O
up	O
and	O
women	O
's	O
concerns	O
.	O


May	O
you	O
stay	O
in	O
good	O
health	O
..	O


.	O


Eliminate	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
-LRB-	O
Reproduced	O
from	O
Yueguang	B-WORK_OF_ART
blog	I-WORK_OF_ART
-RRB-	O
.	O


Dift	B-PERSON
Wu	I-PERSON


Official	O
data	O
confirm	O
that	O
in	O
2004	B-DATE
the	O
total	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
for	O
the	O
country	O
amounted	O
to	O
approximately	B-CARDINAL
181	I-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
,	O
of	O
which	O
65	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
came	O
from	O
the	O
working	O
class	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
10	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
came	O
from	O
the	O
wealthy	O
.	O


Clearly	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
policy	O
has	O
too	O
little	O
effect	O
on	O
controlling	O
wealth	O
accumulation	O
by	O
the	O
rich	O
,	O
and	O
too	O
little	O
impact	O
on	O
improving	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
of	O
wage	O
earners	O
.	O


While	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
tax	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
has	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
regulating	O
the	O
income	O
gap	O
or	O
on	O
"	O
taking	O
from	O
the	O
rich	O
to	O
help	O
the	O
poor	O
,	O
"	O
neither	O
is	O
it	O
beneficial	O
in	O
expanding	O
the	O
working	O
class	O
.	O


If	O
this	O
tax	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
collected	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
working	O
against	O
the	O
original	O
intention	O
behind	O
the	O
income	O
tax	O
.	O


Clearly	O
the	O
necessity	O
for	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
challenged	O
.	O


I	O
propose	O
eliminating	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
just	O
as	O
the	O
agricultural	O
tax	O
was	O
eliminated	O
,	O
to	O
give	O
people	O
an	O
opportunity	O
to	O
prosper	O
.	O


If	O
we	O
think	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
humanizing	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
helping	O
the	O
poor	O
by	O
letting	O
poor	O
people	O
get	O
rich	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
give	O
low	O
-	O
and	O
moderate	O
-	O
income	O
people	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
improve	O
and	O
raise	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
their	O
lives	O
;	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
should	O
be	O
at	O
least	O
tripled	O
from	O
the	O
starting	O
threshold	O
of	O
800	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
per	O
month	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
to	O
6400	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
per	O
person	O
.	O


That	O
would	O
take	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
minimally	O
humanized	O
level	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
we	O
could	O
really	O
talk	O
about	O
"	O
people	O
first	B-ORDINAL
.	O
"	O


With	O
a	O
threshold	O
below	O
this	O
level	O
,	O
the	O
poor	O
will	O
always	O
be	O
poor	O
.	O


Yesterday	O
CCTV	B-ORG
presented	O
a	O
program	O
on	O
adjustment	O
of	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
,	O
emphasized	O
that	O
the	O
main	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
adjustment	O
was	O
to	O
"	O
take	O
from	O
the	O
rich	O
"	O
and	O
let	O
poor	O
people	O
get	O
wealthy	O
.	O


If	O
we	O
really	O
want	O
to	O
give	O
poor	O
people	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
get	O
wealthy	O
,	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
should	O
be	O
tripled	O
.	O


With	O
anything	O
under	O
this	O
threshold	O
,	O
the	O
poor	O
will	O
have	O
no	O
chance	O
to	O
get	O
rich	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
we	O
're	O
looking	O
at	O
it	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
"	O
taking	O
from	O
the	O
rich	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
problem	O
to	O
be	O
adjusted	O
is	O
definitely	O
not	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
to	O
tax	O
income	O
but	O
rather	O
the	O
problem	O
of	O
the	O
actual	O
method	O
for	O
distributing	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
social	O
national	O
income	O
,	O
namely	O
how	O
to	O
eliminate	O
the	O
"	O
unreported	O
income	O
.	O
"	O


The	O
income	O
of	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
rich	O
people	O
is	O
unreported	O
income	O
,	O
and	O
unreported	O
income	O
is	O
a	O
problem	O
that	O
Chinese	B-NORP
society	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
solve	O
for	O
quite	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
to	O
come	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
characteristic	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
an	O
uncontrollable	O
black	O
hole	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
social	O
oversight	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
far	O
from	O
being	O
a	O
tax	O
problem	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
deeper	O
systemic	O
problem	O
.	O


If	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
can	O
not	O
achieve	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
helping	O
the	O
poor	O
to	O
become	O
rich	O
,	O
neither	O
can	O
it	O
control	O
the	O
excessive	O
incomes	O
of	O
the	O
wealthy	O
,	O
so	O
what	O
is	O
it	O
we	O
expect	O
this	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
to	O
do	O
?	O


It	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
to	O
eliminate	O
it	O
in	O
one	B-CARDINAL
fell	O
swoop	O
,	O
as	O
we	O
did	O
with	O
the	O
agricultural	O
tax	O
.	O


Below	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
reasons	O
:	O


1.	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
's	O
income	O
tax	O
can	O
not	O
become	O
a	O
tool	O
for	O
keeping	O
the	O
poor	O
perpetually	O
poor	O
;	O
it	O
can	O
not	O
become	O
a	O
social	O
tool	O
that	O
keeps	O
on	O
producing	O
a	O
penniless	O
proletariat	O
.	O


In	O
China	B-GPE
the	O
primary	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
income	O
tax	O
is	O
to	O
increase	O
the	O
state	O
's	O
financial	O
revenues	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
to	O
regulate	O
the	O
income	O
gap	O
.	O


In	O
2004	B-DATE
China	B-GPE
's	O
income	O
taxes	O
amounted	O
to	O
approximately	B-CARDINAL
180	I-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
about	B-PERCENT
6	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
state	O
's	O
financial	O
revenues	O
.	O


But	O
of	O
this	O
180	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
,	O
about	B-PERCENT
65	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
or	O
117	B-CARDINAL
billion	I-CARDINAL
,	O
was	O
paid	O
by	O
the	O
working	O
class	O
.	O


Less	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
10	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
was	O
paid	O
by	O
the	O
wealthy	O
.	O


In	O
China	B-GPE
more	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
90	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
depend	O
on	O
fully	O
declared	O
total	O
earnings	O
for	O
a	O
living	O
are	O
urban	O
poor	O
.	O


These	O
poor	O
people	O
,	O
who	O
struggle	O
just	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
the	O
necessities	O
of	O
life	O
,	O
their	O
children	O
's	O
education	O
,	O
old	O
age	O
,	O
illness	O
and	O
death	O
,	O
also	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
income	O
tax	O
.	O


In	O
all	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
cities	O
now	O
,	O
anyone	O
with	O
a	O
monthly	O
income	O
of	O
2000	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
or	I-MONEY
less	I-MONEY
is	O
considered	O
poor	O
.	O


If	O
a	O
husband	O
and	O
wife	O
have	O
a	O
total	O
monthly	O
work	O
income	O
of	O
2000	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
and	O
if	O
they	O
pay	O
33	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
income	O
tax	O
on	O
anything	O
over	B-MONEY
1500	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
disposable	O
income	O
of	O
only	O
1670	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
.	O


A	O
household	O
like	O
this	O
can	O
not	O
even	O
continue	O
bearing	O
basic	O
living	O
expenses	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
standard	O
of	O
living	O
will	O
decline	O
.	O


And	O
should	O
anyone	O
in	O
the	O
household	O
get	O
sick	O
and	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
,	O
the	O
family	O
may	O
well	O
find	O
itself	O
in	O
an	O
economic	O
crisis	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
a	O
family	O
like	O
this	O
wants	O
to	O
buy	O
its	O
own	O
home	O
,	O
that	O
will	O
basically	O
be	O
impossible	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
only	O
one	B-CARDINAL
person	O
in	O
a	O
three	B-CARDINAL
-	O
person	O
family	O
is	O
employed	O
,	O
the	O
family	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
difficult	O
life	O
.	O


But	O
even	O
so	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
165	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
in	O
income	O
tax	O
.	O


Clearly	O
,	O
if	O
our	O
income	O
tax	O
threshold	O
is	O
set	O
at	O
1500	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
our	O
society	O
is	O
destined	O
always	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
proletariat	O
,	O
always	O
to	O
deny	O
hope	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
or	O
to	O
the	O
masses	O
of	O
ever	O
getting	O
rich	O
.	O


Our	O
production	O
relations	O
are	O
no	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
production	O
relations	O
in	O
Marx	B-PERSON
's	O
"	O
Das	B-WORK_OF_ART
Kapital	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
"	O
constantly	O
reproducing	O
a	O
proletariat	O
who	O
can	O
only	O
rely	O
on	O
selling	O
its	O
labor	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
living	O
.	O


In	O
short	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
threshold	O
is	O
set	O
lower	O
than	O
6400	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
ineffective	O
in	O
helping	O
the	O
poor	O
get	O
rich	O
.	O


Conversely	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
threshold	O
is	O
too	O
low	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
cleanly	O
and	O
quickly	O
inhibit	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
to	O
get	O
rich	O
.	O


2.	B-CARDINAL
The	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
is	O
absolutely	O
unable	O
to	O
control	O
the	O
accumulation	O
of	O
wealth	O
by	O
the	O
rich	O
.	O


We	O
should	O
not	O
entertain	O
any	O
illusions	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
income	O
tax	O
can	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
regulate	O
income	O
distribution	O
,	O
much	O
less	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
"	O
take	O
from	O
the	O
rich	O
and	O
give	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
.	O
"	O


In	O
Chinese	B-NORP
society	O
,	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
people	O
hold	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
social	O
wealth	O
,	O
and	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
people	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
only	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
social	O
wealth	O
to	O
suffer	O
through	O
their	O
lives	O
.	O


In	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
freedom	O
,	O
human	O
rights	O
,	O
democracy	O
,	O
happiness	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
other	O
most	O
effective	O
benefits	O
that	O
society	O
can	O
offer	O
refer	O
only	O
to	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


Western	O
countries	O
that	O
attack	O
China	B-GPE
for	O
not	O
having	O
human	O
rights	O
,	O
democracy	O
and	O
freedom	O
are	O
quite	O
wrong	O
;	O
these	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
upper	O
-	O
class	O
citizens	O
have	O
broader	O
human	O
rights	O
,	O
democracy	O
and	O
freedom	O
than	O
do	O
Western	O
societies	O
.	O


When	O
God	O
looks	O
at	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
he	O
sees	O
only	O
these	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
;	O
the	O
other	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
he	O
ca	O
n't	O
see	O
clearly	O
.	O


The	O
income	O
of	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
these	O
20	B-CARDINAL
,	O
of	O
upper	O
-	O
class	O
citizens	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
basically	O
unreported	O
income	O
;	O
the	O
proportion	O
of	O
their	O
income	O
that	O
comes	O
from	O
fully	O
declared	O
earnings	O
is	O
a	O
negligible	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
wealth	O
.	O


Only	O
if	O
China	B-GPE
eliminated	O
unreported	O
income	O
would	O
the	O
income	O
tax	O
have	O
an	O
effect	O
on	O
rich	O
people	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
China	B-GPE
wants	O
to	O
eliminate	O
unreported	O
income	O
,	O
to	O
date	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
compelling	O
evidence	O
to	O
explain	O
when	O
China	B-GPE
might	O
eliminate	O
unreported	O
income	O
.	O


Anyhow	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
something	O
our	O
generation	O
will	O
see	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
why	O
the	O
income	O
tax	O
has	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
regulating	O
the	O
wealth	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
rich	O
people	O
.	O


It	O
does	O
however	O
have	O
a	O
highly	O
restrictive	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
to	O
get	O
rich	O
.	O


A	O
very	O
simple	O
explanation	O
is	O
that	O
poor	O
people	O
are	O
all	O
wage	O
earners	O
who	O
rely	O
on	O
fully	O
declared	O
wages	O
for	O
their	O
living	O
;	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
unreported	O
income	O
.	O


Fully	O
100	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
their	O
income	O
falls	O
within	O
the	O
income	O
-	O
tax	O
field	O
of	O
vision	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
ca	O
n't	O
escape	O
even	O
if	O
they	O
wanted	O
to	O
.	O


Add	O
to	O
this	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
threshold	O
is	O
under	O
the	O
level	O
required	O
to	O
meet	O
the	O
necessary	O
expenditures	O
to	O
maintain	O
the	O
basic	O
necessities	O
of	O
life	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
poor	O
are	O
completely	O
stymied	O
.	O


"	O
Dragons	O
give	O
birth	O
to	O
dragons	O
,	O
phoenixes	O
to	O
phoenixes	O
;	O
the	O
son	O
of	O
a	O
bandit	O
will	O
live	O
in	O
a	O
cave	O
.	O
"	O


"	O
The	O
children	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
are	O
always	O
poor	O
.	O
"	O


With	O
the	O
previous	O
800	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
income	O
tax	O
threshold	O
,	O
if	O
it	O
were	O
strictly	O
enforced	O
,	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
beggars	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
.	O


With	O
a	O
threshold	O
set	O
below	O
5000	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
,	O
this	O
generation	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
need	O
not	O
think	O
about	O
buying	O
a	O
home	O
or	O
driving	O
a	O
car	O
.	O


They	O
will	O
always	O
be	O
poor	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
many	O
children	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
rich	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
came	O
about	O
because	O
the	O
parents	O
struggled	O
harder	O
,	O
tightening	O
their	O
belts	O
and	O
"	O
skimping	O
on	O
food	O
and	O
clothing	O
"	O
for	O
themselves	O
.	O


Now	O
how	O
many	O
university	O
students	O
who	O
have	O
received	O
acceptance	O
notifications	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
enroll	O
,	O
and	O
how	O
many	O
enrolled	O
university	O
students	O
from	O
the	O
countryside	O
have	O
parents	O
who	O
are	O
living	O
through	O
unimaginably	O
hard	O
times	O
?	O


In	O
Western	O
countries	O
,	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
means	O
of	O
controlling	O
excessively	O
high	O
incomes	O
among	O
the	O
rich	O
.	O


But	O
these	O
are	O
countries	O
ruled	O
by	O
law	O
,	O
where	O
official	O
income	O
is	O
all	O
recorded	O
,	O
citizen	O
's	O
incomes	O
are	O
fully	O
transparent	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
can	O
easily	O
achieve	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
regulating	O
income	O
distribution	O
.	O


The	O
situation	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
not	O
like	O
that	O
;	O
if	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
has	O
an	O
effect	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
to	O
increase	O
financial	O
revenues	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
absolutely	O
no	O
income	O
-	O
regulating	O
effect	O
.	O


3.	B-CARDINAL
Eliminating	O
the	O
income	O
tax	O
will	O
benefit	O
peasants	O
.	O


The	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
China	O
's	O
900	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
peasants	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
reach	O
the	O
income	O
level	O
for	O
paying	O
income	O
tax	O
.	O


But	O
the	O
peasants	O
have	O
contractual	O
land	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
consumption	O
rural	O
lifestyle	O
and	O
conditions	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
basic	O
housing	O
.	O


But	O
if	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
cities	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
money	O
,	O
everything	O
is	O
a	O
struggle	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
go	O
shopping	O
for	O
food	O
by	O
bike	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
20	B-MONEY
cents	I-MONEY
for	O
parking	O
.	O


They	O
ca	O
n't	O
not	O
pay	O
the	O
rent	O
or	O
they	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
sleep	O
on	O
the	O
street	O
.	O


In	O
terms	O
of	O
macroeconomic	O
law	O
,	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
wealth	O
in	O
Chinese	B-NORP
society	O
is	O
set	O
at	O
2/8	B-CARDINAL
,	O
with	O
the	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
wealthy	O
people	O
holding	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
social	O
wealth	O
,	O
and	O
the	B-PERCENT
80	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
poor	O
people	O
holding	O
just	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
social	O
wealth	O
.	O


The	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
threshold	O
is	O
too	O
low	O
,	O
the	O
urban	O
population	O
is	O
too	O
large	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
population	O
participating	O
in	O
the	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
that	O
goes	O
to	O
peasants	O
is	O
even	O
greater	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
peasants	O
ultimately	O
have	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
reduced	O
share	O
of	O
this	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


If	O
we	O
eliminate	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
poor	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
cities	O
will	O
be	O
reduced	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
participating	O
in	O
the	O
peasant	O
struggle	O
for	O
this	B-PERCENT
20	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
will	O
be	O
reduced	O
,	O
which	O
will	O
benefit	O
the	O
peasants	O
.	O


In	O
China	B-GPE
the	O
wealthy	O
will	O
always	O
hold	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
social	O
wealth	O
;	O
there	O
has	O
never	O
been	O
a	O
softhearted	O
rich	O
person	O
.	O


4.	B-CARDINAL
This	O
will	O
really	O
be	O
beneficial	O
in	O
establishing	O
a	O
soft	O
-	O
landing	O
market	O
economy	O
system	O
.	O


In	O
recent	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
China	B-GPE
's	O
rate	O
of	O
state	O
financial	O
growth	O
has	O
been	O
higher	O
than	O
economic	O
growth	O
;	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
highly	O
abnormal	O
phenomenon	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
economic	O
theory	O
it	O
is	O
highly	O
adverse	O
for	O
sustained	O
,	O
healthy	O
growth	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
economy	O
.	O


The	O
blood	O
has	O
all	O
been	O
pumped	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
economy	O
;	O
it	O
's	O
like	O
eating	O
up	O
all	O
the	O
seeds	O
sown	O
in	O
the	O
spring	O
.	O


The	O
proportion	O
of	O
financial	O
revenues	O
from	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
is	O
about	B-PERCENT
6	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
.	O


If	O
we	O
cancel	O
out	O
this	B-PERCENT
6	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
,	O
we	O
can	O
slow	O
down	O
financial	O
growth	O
.	O


And	O
in	O
the	O
Chinese	B-NORP
economic	O
cycle	O
,	O
excessive	O
financial	O
investment	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
good	O
thing	O
for	O
economic	O
growth	O
and	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
a	O
true	O
market	O
economy	O
system	O
.	O


Compared	O
to	O
market	O
investment	O
,	O
the	O
efficiency	O
of	O
financial	O
investment	O
is	O
less	B-CARDINAL
than	I-CARDINAL
half	I-CARDINAL
.	O


And	O
when	O
there	O
is	O
too	O
much	O
financial	O
investment	O
,	O
corruption	O
is	O
everywhere	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
.	O


5.	B-CARDINAL
It	O
promotes	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
a	O
harmonious	O
society	O
.	O


Chinese	B-NORP
and	O
foreign	O
history	O
amply	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
a	O
harmonious	O
society	O
is	O
an	O
olive	O
-	O
shaped	O
society	O
:	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
numbers	O
of	O
poor	O
,	O
middle	O
-	O
class	O
and	O
wealthy	O
people	O
making	O
up	O
the	O
society	O
is	O
small	O
at	O
either	O
end	O
and	O
larger	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
,	O
with	O
40	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
or	I-PERCENT
more	I-PERCENT
of	O
the	O
society	O
being	O
middle	O
class	O
.	O


Chinese	B-NORP
society	O
is	O
80	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
poor	O
people	O
,	O
20	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
wealthy	O
;	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
stable	O
middle	O
class	O
,	O
or	O
it	O
floats	O
between	O
the	O
lower	O
levels	O
of	O
the	O
wealthy	O
and	O
the	O
upper	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
poor	O
and	O
is	O
highly	O
unstable	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
way	O
this	O
"	O
2/8	B-CARDINAL
"	O
social	O
structure	O
can	O
establish	O
a	O
harmonious	O
society	O
.	O


Eliminating	O
the	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
to	O
accumulate	O
wealth	O
for	O
the	O
people	O
will	O
be	O
beneficial	O
in	O
producing	O
and	O
nourishing	O
a	O
middle	O
class	O
and	O
will	O
promote	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
a	O
harmonious	O
society	O
.	O


In	O
short	O
,	O
if	O
our	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
policy	O
can	O
not	O
help	O
the	O
poor	O
get	O
rich	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
unable	O
to	O
limit	O
the	O
excessive	O
increase	O
in	O
wealth	O
among	O
the	O
rich	O
,	O
then	O
it	O
is	O
better	O
not	O
to	O
have	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
personal	O
income	O
tax	O
.	O


We	O
need	O
to	O
adopt	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
strategic	O
insight	O
when	O
we	O
consider	O
this	O
matter	O
,	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
benefit	O
the	O
country	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
.	O


This	O
essay	O
is	O
dedicated	O
to	O
all	O
the	O
hardworking	O
people	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O


Advice	O
to	O
Wu	B-PERSON
Jinglian	I-PERSON
and	O
Others	O
:	O
Killing	O
the	O
Father	O
--	O
Does	O
You	O
No	O
Good	O
!	O
.	O


613305	B-PERSON


Posted	O
by	O
-LSB-	O
Little	O
Peng	B-PERSON
Zhongyi	I-PERSON
-RSB-	O
at	O
Jan	B-DATE
3	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
2007	I-DATE
18:53:26	B-TIME
-LSB-	O
SMS	O
-RSB-	O
-LSB-	O
Tables	O
-RSB-	O
.	O


Advice	O
to	O
Wu	B-PERSON
Jinglian	I-PERSON
and	O
Others	O
:	O
Killing	O
the	O
Father	O
--	O
Does	O
You	O
No	O
Good	O
!	O
.	O


--	O
Some	O
Thoughts	O
on	O
the	O
Attitude	O
of	O
Benign	O
Inheritance	O
towards	O
Social	O
Reform	O
.	O


A	O
glance	O
at	O
the	O
title	O
,	O
people	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
political	O
sensitivity	O
may	O
roughly	O
understand	O
the	O
core	O
topic	O
of	O
this	O
article	O
:	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
benign	O
interaction	O
between	O
planned	O
economy	O
and	O
market	O
economy	O
,	O
and	O
between	O
public	O
ownership	O
and	O
private	O
ownership	O
--	O
because	O
only	O
their	O
relationships	O
are	O
those	O
between	O
a	O
father	O
and	O
a	O
son	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
only	O
between	O
them	O
are	O
there	O
different	O
conflicts	O
involving	O
"	O
human	O
relations	O
,	O
"	O
"	O
rules	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
science	O
,	O
"	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
bloody	O
wrestling	O
between	O
classes	O
,	O
factions	O
and	O
individuals	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
morality	O
and	O
interests	O
.	O


Comparing	O
planned	O
economy	O
and	O
public	O
ownership	O
to	O
a	O
father	O
is	O
tantamount	O
to	O
comparing	O
market	O
economy	O
and	O
private	O
ownership	O
to	O
a	O
son	O
,	O
which	O
holds	O
water	O
principally	O
and	O
historically	O
no	O
matter	O
you	O
put	O
it	O
this	O
way	O
or	O
another	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
because	O
the	O
former	O
two	B-CARDINAL
given	O
"	O
fatherhood	O
"	O
are	O
indeed	O
the	O
most	O
essential	O
factors	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
character	O
and	O
institution	O
of	O
the	O
socialist	B-NORP
new	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
while	O
the	O
latter	O
two	O
dubbed	O
"	O
son	O
"	O
in	O
this	O
article	O
--	O
are	O
indeed	O
the	O
ideological	O
outcomes	O
derived	O
after	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
founder	O
Comrade	O
Mao	B-PERSON
Zedong	I-PERSON
under	O
tremendous	O
international	O
and	O
domestic	O
political	O
pressures	O
on	O
planned	O
economy	O
and	O
public	O
ownership	O
,	O
which	O
grew	O
into	O
today	B-DATE
's	O
para-system	O
after	O
about	O
30	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
of	O
reform	O
and	O
opening	O
up	O
.	O


Regarding	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
factual	O
development	O
process	O
of	O
political	O
civilization	O
that	O
the	O
Marxist	B-NORP
ideology	O
has	O
been	O
increasingly	O
marginalized	O
over	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
30	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
or	O
so	O
is	O
a	O
strong	O
evidence	O
.	O


By	O
sorting	O
out	O
the	O
essence	O
of	O
the	O
above	O
historical	O
background	O
and	O
conceptual	O
relationships	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
pretty	O
thorough	O
,	O
comprehensive	O
and	O
systematic	O
knowledge	O
framework	O
about	O
the	O
benign	O
inevitable	O
trends	O
and	O
development	O
guidelines	O
of	O
the	O
future	O
society	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
society	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
associated	O
impression	O
captured	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
concrete	O
.	O


Regarding	O
this	O
,	O
my	O
standpoint	O
is	O
:	O
because	O
the	O
socialism	O
underpinned	O
by	O
planned	O
economy	O
,	O
public	O
ownership	O
and	O
the	O
people	O
's	O
democratic	O
dictatorship	O
is	O
indeed	O
a	O
really	O
"	O
fresh	O
"	O
systemic	O
thing	O
for	O
China	B-GPE
in	O
the	B-DATE
mid	I-DATE
and	I-DATE
late	I-DATE
20th	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
--	O
without	O
a	O
model	O
or	O
sufficient	O
experience	O
or	O
theories	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
,	O
no	O
matter	O
how	O
scientific	O
its	O
kernel	O
is	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
hard	O
not	O
to	O
have	O
certain	O
superficial	O
and	O
local	O
problems	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
this	O
should	O
not	O
provide	O
an	O
excuse	O
to	O
overthrow	O
it	O
by	O
fair	O
means	O
or	O
foul	O
,	O
as	O
he	O
is	O
our	O
father	O
and	O
the	O
common	O
choice	O
of	O
millions	B-CARDINAL
of	O
laboring	O
people	O
.	O


The	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
"	O
finally	O
became	O
our	O
national	O
character	O
and	O
main	O
system	O
after	O
over	O
half	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
century	I-DATE
of	O
international	O
and	O
domestic	O
political	O
transformation	O
"	O
is	O
a	O
stronger	O
proof	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
milestone	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
civilization	O
resulted	O
from	O
the	O
blood	O
and	O
sweat	O
of	O
thousands	B-CARDINAL
of	O
proletarian	O
revolutionary	O
martyrs	O
.	O


Therefore	O
,	O
no	O
matter	O
from	O
the	O
perspective	O
of	O
average	O
citizens	O
or	O
from	O
the	O
standpoint	O
of	O
the	O
founder	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
government	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
respect	O
and	O
develop	O
her	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
inheritance	O
,	O
innovation	O
and	O
improvement	O
.	O


Is	O
my	O
opinion	O
above	O
correct	O
?	O


I	O
believe	O
you	O
will	O
naturally	O
obtain	O
a	O
relatively	O
fair	O
and	O
just	O
conclusion	O
if	O
you	O
could	O
understand	O
and	O
treat	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
"	O
father	O
"	O
system	O
and	O
"	O
son	O
"	O
system	O
with	O
impartiality	O
and	O
sufficient	O
goodwill	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
existing	O
institutional	O
cultural	O
heritage	O
in	O
the	O
human	O
history	O
,	O
we	O
could	O
see	O
:	O
the	O
"	O
father	O
"	O
system	O
mentioned	O
herein	O
has	O
the	O
majority	O
in	O
mind	O
or	O
it	O
is	O
established	O
in	O
the	O
fundamental	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
interests	O
of	O
the	O
majority	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
sustainable	O
and	O
sound	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
,	O
the	O
nation	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
overall	O
society	O
--	O
while	O
the	O
"	O
son	O
"	O
system	O
mentioned	O
herein	O
is	O
ignorant	O
and	O
sick	O
in	O
the	O
company	O
of	O
such	O
behavioral	O
characteristics	O
as	O
exploitation	O
,	O
fraudulence	O
,	O
pernicious	O
influence	O
and	O
robbery	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
not	O
urge	O
the	O
son	O
to	O
throttle	O
the	O
essentially	O
healthy	O
and	O
scientific	O
"	O
father	O
"	O
system	O
by	O
fair	O
mean	O
or	O
foul	O
without	O
considering	O
the	O
consequences	O
,	O
because	O
there	O
are	O
problems	O
in	O
its	O
practice	O
and	O
development	O
--	O
such	O
as	O
state	O
monopoly	O
for	O
purchases	O
and	O
sales	O
,	O
lower	O
efficiency	O
due	O
to	O
centralized	O
management	O
,	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
will	O
of	O
productivity	O
by	O
undue	O
political	O
pressure	O
resulting	O
from	O
class	O
struggles	O
during	O
the	O
new	O
deal	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
because	O
that	O
will	O
not	O
only	O
make	O
the	O
society	O
increasingly	O
ignorant	O
and	O
sick	O
as	O
it	O
violates	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
benign	O
social	O
development	O
,	O
distorts	O
normal	O
"	O
human	O
relations	O
"	O
and	O
the	O
ethic	O
and	O
prevalent	O
value	O
and	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
civilization	O
update	O
rooted	O
in	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
humanity	O
will	O
retrogress	O
as	O
people	O
's	O
thoughts	O
and	O
behaviors	O
become	O
increasingly	O
ridiculous	O
.	O


Yes	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
.	O


My	O
opinion	O
above	O
is	O
not	O
absurd	O
and	O
delusive	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
because	O
this	O
is	O
true	O
not	O
only	O
in	O
theory	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
to	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
social	O
development	O
as	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
historical	O
facts	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
from	O
the	O
perspective	O
of	O
the	O
situation	O
and	O
reality	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
"	O
advocates	O
of	O
market	O
economy	O
,	O
private	O
ownership	O
and	O
dictatorship	O
of	O
the	O
bourgeoisie	O
"	O
has	O
established	O
and	O
proposed	O
a	O
new	O
deal	O
"	O
against	O
planned	O
economy	O
,	O
public	O
ownership	O
and	O
dictatorship	O
of	O
the	O
proletariat	O
.	O
"	O


All	O
their	O
criticisms	O
are	O
directed	O
at	O
the	O
developmental	O
symptoms	O
such	O
as	O
"	O
lower	O
efficiency	O
due	O
to	O
centralized	O
management	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
will	O
of	O
productivity	O
by	O
undue	O
political	O
pressure	O
resulting	O
from	O
class	O
struggles	O
during	O
the	O
new	O
deal	O
,	O
"	O
all	O
their	O
proclamations	O
are	O
political	O
attacks	O
and	O
instigation	O
aimed	O
to	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
less	B-PERCENT
than	I-PERCENT
5	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
"	O
vested	O
interests	O
,	O
"	O
and	O
their	O
development	O
logic	O
asks	O
the	O
"	B-PERCENT
95	I-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
"	I-PERCENT
laboring	O
people	O
to	O
stay	O
where	O
they	O
are	O
and	O
willingly	O
endure	O
the	O
hard	O
work	O
--	O
it	O
speaks	O
for	O
itself	O
how	O
empty	O
,	O
ridiculous	O
,	O
sick	O
,	O
ignorant	O
and	O
anti-government	O
it	O
is	O
.	O


That	O
's	O
why	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
say	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
and	O
the	O
age	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
article	O
:	O
when	O
the	O
father	O
's	O
toes	O
are	O
injured	O
,	O
we	O
should	O
try	O
our	O
best	O
to	O
treat	O
the	O
foot	O
problem	O
,	O
and	O
open	O
up	O
a	O
new	O
life	O
and	O
embrace	O
health	O
in	O
the	O
principle	O
of	O
respecting	O
human	O
relations	O
,	O
obeying	O
people	O
's	O
wishes	O
,	O
conforming	O
to	O
science	O
and	O
carrying	O
on	O
the	O
legacy	O
--	O
if	O
the	O
present	O
capitalist	O
followers	O
frantically	O
urge	O
the	O
son	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
by	O
all	O
means	O
,	O
the	O
result	O
could	O
only	O
be	O
a	O
tragedy	O
!	O


And	O
these	O
happen	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
core	O
of	O
the	O
destiny	O
where	O
the	O
capitalist	O
roaders	O
"	O
will	O
inevitably	O
bury	O
themselves	O
due	O
to	O
their	O
ignorance	O
and	O
insanity	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
or	O
less	O
harm	O
the	O
human	O
society	O
!	O
"	O


At	O
last	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
admonish	O
sincerely	O
and	O
earnestly	O
those	O
who	O
blindly	O
oppose	O
,	O
hate	O
and	O
even	O
suppress	O
planned	O
economy	O
,	O
public	O
ownership	O
and	O
dictatorship	O
of	O
the	O
proletariat	O
,	O
especially	O
the	O
"	O
mainstream	O
elite	O
scholars	O
"	O
including	O
Wu	B-PERSON
Jinglian	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
insist	O
on	O
smearing	O
the	O
"	O
father	O
"	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
:	O
do	O
not	O
treat	O
the	O
"	O
fathers	O
"	O
on	O
which	O
the	O
new	O
civilization	O
is	O
based	O
barbarously	O
,	O
against	O
your	O
conscience	O
and	O
frantically	O
for	O
immediate	O
gains	O
.	O


The	O
result	O
is	O
definitely	O
a	O
tragedy	O
--	O
because	O
even	O
if	O
you	O
kill	O
the	O
"	O
father	O
,	O
"	O
your	O
felony	O
will	O
be	O
disdained	O
by	O
the	O
age	O
and	O
condemned	O
by	O
the	O
people	O
,	O
which	O
naturally	O
leads	O
to	O
nothing	O
good	O
!	O


Independent	O
economic	O
and	O
human	O
studies	O
analyst	O
.	O


Brother	O
and	O
companion	O
of	O
conscientious	O
Chinese	B-NORP
sons	O
and	O
daughters	O
:	O
Peng	B-PERSON
Zhongyi	I-PERSON
.	O


January	B-DATE
2	I-DATE
,	I-DATE
2007	I-DATE
.	I-DATE


Contact	O
for	O
friendship	O
and	O
blame	O


QQ	O
:	O
22761792	O


MSN	O
:	O
p...@hotmail.com	O


email	O
:	O
youyutianshi...@sina.com	O


Something	O
Even	O
More	O
Absurd	O
Than	O
the	O
"	O
Breakneck	O
90	B-QUANTITY
M/H	I-QUANTITY
On	O
a	O
Snowy	O
Night	O
"	O
??	O
My	O
Personal	O
Experience	O
.	O


poqi	B-PERSON


Poster	O
:	O
poqi	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
poqi	B-PERSON
-RRB-	O
,	O
Area	O
:	O
Automobile	O
.	O


Title	O
:	O
Something	O
Even	O
More	O
Absurd	O
Than	O
the	O
"	O
Breakneck	O
90	O
M/H	O
On	O
a	O
Snowy	O
Night	O
"	O
??	O
My	O
Personal	O
Experience	O
.	O


Originating	O
site	O
:	O
BBS	O
Unknown	O
Space	O
-LRB-	O
Tue	B-DATE
Jan	I-DATE
16	I-DATE
22:51:46	B-TIME
2007	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
.	O


I	O
have	O
deep	O
feelings	O
and	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
sympathy	O
with	O
the	O
author	O
after	O
reading	O
the	O
article	O
Breakneck	O
90	B-QUANTITY
m/h	I-QUANTITY
on	O
a	O
Snowy	O
Night	O
.	O


It	O
also	O
reminds	O
me	O
of	O
something	O
that	O
I	O
experienced	O
several	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
also	O
related	O
to	O
an	O
airport	O
and	O
meeting	O
people	O
.	O


A	B-DATE
couple	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
years	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
my	O
neighbor	O
approached	O
me	O
to	O
borrow	O
my	O
car	O
,	O
saying	O
he	O
was	O
meeting	O
his	O
parents	O
at	O
the	O
airport	O
.	O


He	O
also	O
said	O
both	O
his	O
wife	O
and	O
children	O
wanted	O
to	O
go	O
.	O


As	O
his	O
car	O
was	O
too	O
small	O
and	O
mine	O
was	O
big	O
,	O
it	O
could	O
make	O
his	O
parents	O
more	O
comfortable	O
.	O


He	O
added	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
only	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
one	B-TIME
morning	I-TIME
and	O
would	O
return	O
it	O
to	O
me	O
before	O
noon	B-TIME
.	O


Although	O
there	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
nodding	O
acquaintance	O
between	O
the	O
neighbor	O
and	O
me	O
,	O
we	O
lived	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
apartment	O
building	O
after	O
all	O
and	O
were	O
both	O
Chinese	B-NORP
.	O


So	O
I	O
discussed	O
with	O
my	O
wife	O
back	O
home	O
and	O
lent	O
him	O
the	O
car	O
as	O
we	O
thought	O
we	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
using	O
the	O
car	O
until	O
the	B-TIME
same	I-TIME
afternoon	I-TIME
.	O


And	O
then	O
something	O
happened	O
...	O


At	O
1:00pm	B-TIME
,	O
the	O
neighbor	O
called	O
me	O
,	O
saying	O
he	O
took	O
his	O
parents	O
to	O
a	O
buffet	O
and	O
would	O
probably	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
back	O
until	O
around	O
3:00pm	B-TIME
.	O


I	O
of	O
course	O
agreed	O
and	O
asked	O
them	O
not	O
to	O
rush	O
.	O


This	O
wait	O
lasted	O
till	O
5:30pm	B-TIME
,	O
when	O
the	O
neighbor	O
told	O
me	O
in	O
a	O
half	B-CARDINAL
-	O
crying	O
tone	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
an	O
accident	O
,	O
and	O
everyone	O
else	O
was	O
intact	O
,	O
except	O
his	O
father	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
in	O
hospital	O
for	O
fractures	O
.	O


I	O
comforted	O
him	O
first	B-ORDINAL
and	O
asked	O
my	O
friend	O
to	O
rush	O
me	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
.	O


My	O
neighbor	O
showed	O
me	O
the	O
police	O
report	O
at	O
the	O
hospital	O
,	O
which	O
indicated	O
it	O
was	O
all	O
my	O
neighbor	O
's	O
fault	O
.	O


He	O
clashed	O
into	O
a	O
truck	O
going	O
straight	O
when	O
he	O
made	O
a	O
left	O
turn	O
.	O


My	O
car	O
was	O
completely	O
damaged	O
and	O
had	O
been	O
towed	O
away	O
.	O


I	O
forced	O
myself	O
to	O
refrain	O
from	O
the	O
grief	O
of	O
loosing	O
my	O
beloved	O
car	O
-LRB-	O
mine	O
was	O
liability	O
-	O
only	O
coverage	O
-RRB-	O
and	O
asked	O
the	O
friend	O
to	O
send	O
their	O
family	O
home	O
.	O


And	O
then	O
the	O
nightmare	O
began	O
.	O


The	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
,	O
my	O
neighbor	O
called	O
me	O
,	O
saying	O
his	O
father	O
needed	O
to	O
undergo	O
an	O
operation	O
in	O
hospital	O
and	O
asked	O
where	O
the	O
money	O
would	O
come	O
from	O


I	O
told	O
him	O
part	O
would	O
be	O
covered	O
by	O
my	O
car	O
insurance	O
.	O


After	O
a	O
while	O
,	O
he	O
called	O
again	O
,	O
saying	O
the	O
operation	O
charge	O
was	O
high	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
difficult	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
afford	O


I	O
tried	O
my	O
best	O
to	O
comfort	O
him	O
then	O
and	O
told	O
him	O
to	O
think	O
of	O
a	O
way	O
slowly	O


Just	O
then	O
,	O
a	O
nearly	O
crazy	O
voice	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
other	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
,	O
saying	O
her	O
family	O
had	O
just	O
saved	O
several	B-MONEY
dozen	I-MONEY
thousand	I-MONEY
bucks	I-MONEY
for	O
the	O
down	O
payment	O
of	O
a	O
house	O
;	O
where	O
would	O
they	O
live	O
afterwards	O
if	O
they	O
spent	O
this	O
.	O


She	O
also	O
said	O
my	O
car	O
was	O
a	O
Japanese	B-NORP
one	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
poor	O
safety	O
performance	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
my	O
car	O
to	O
blame	O
for	O
the	O
car	O
accident	O
.	O


She	O
added	O
that	O
I	O
should	O
pay	O
the	O
money	O
because	O
the	O
car	O
was	O
mine	O
.	O


I	O
hung	O
up	O
the	O
phone	O
angrily	O
as	O
the	O
dialog	O
could	O
not	O
go	O
on	O
.	O


My	O
wife	O
-LSB-	O
pw%	O
-RSB-	O
had	O
been	O
persuading	O
me	O
aside	O
,	O
saying	O
some	O
women	O
would	O
easily	O
lose	O
mind	O
once	O
in	O
fury	O
.	O


She	O
asked	O
me	O
to	O
take	O
no	O
heed	O
of	O
them	O
and	O
let	O
them	O
calm	O
down	O
first	B-ORDINAL
.	O


So	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
take	O
their	O
words	O
seriously	O
but	O
still	O
felt	O
angry	O
.	O


Out	O
of	O
my	O
expectation	O
,	O
a	O
phone	O
call	O
on	O
the	O
third	B-ORDINAL
day	O
completely	O
changed	O
my	O
original	O
idea	O
.	O


The	O
telephone	O
rang	O
just	O
as	O
I	O
was	O
about	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
morning	O
.	O


I	O
thought	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
sales	O
call	O
and	O
was	O
prepared	O
to	O
end	O
it	O
perfunctorily	O
.	O


Unexpectedly	O
,	O
coming	O
from	O
the	O
other	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
was	O
a	O
deep	O
and	O
resolute	O
voice	O
of	O
a	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
man	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
incontestable	O
tone	O
that	O
my	O
neighbor	O
had	O
a	O
car	O
accident	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
borrowing	O
my	O
car	O
,	O
which	O
traumatized	O
them	O
both	O
physically	O
and	O
mentally	O
and	O
harmed	O
their	O
economic	O
interests	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
the	O
car	O
owner	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
not	O
sue	O
me	O
if	O
I	O
compensated	O
them	O
for	O
the	O
hospital	O
charge	O
and	O
the	O
costs	O
of	O
missing	O
work	O
hours	O
-LRB-	O
three	B-CARDINAL
times	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
otherwise	O
they	O
would	O
see	O
me	O
in	O
court	O
.	O


He	O
added	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
certain	O
about	O
the	O
case	O
as	O
a	O
lawyer	O
in	O
business	O
for	O
ten	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
and	O
the	O
compensation	O
he	O
requested	O
could	O
double	O
in	O
court	O
.	O


As	O
a	O
great	O
Chinese	B-NORP
guy	O
,	O
how	O
could	O
I	O
be	O
scared	O
by	O
a	O
few	O
remarks	O
of	O
the	O
lawyer	O
?	O


I	O
also	O
took	O
up	O
the	O
weapon	O
of	O
law	O
for	O
justice	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
retained	O
a	O
lawyer	O
.	O


Out	O
of	O
my	O
expectation	O
,	O
my	O
lawyer	O
solved	O
the	O
problem	O
by	O
merely	O
making	O
two	B-CARDINAL
phone	O
calls	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
was	O
to	O
the	O
police	O
station	O
,	O
asking	O
for	O
any	O
additional	O
findings	O
in	O
the	O
investigation	O
report	O
of	O
the	O
accident	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
additional	O
findings	O
unexpectedly	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
against	O
them	O
.	O


Someone	O
at	O
the	O
junk	O
yard	O
found	O
a	O
bottle	O
of	O
unfinished	O
wine	O
without	O
the	O
lid	O
inside	O
the	O
car	O
and	O
reported	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
police	O
station	O
.	O


The	O
police	O
found	O
they	O
put	O
the	O
bottle	O
of	O
unfinished	O
wine	O
in	O
the	O
car	O
without	O
the	O
lid	O
after	O
lunch	O
.	O


The	O
second	B-ORDINAL
call	O
was	O
to	O
their	O
lawyer	O
.	O


So	O
their	O
lawyer	O
dropped	O
the	O
lawsuit	O
.	O


Of	O
course	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
not	O
stop	O
it	O
there	O
and	O
came	O
to	O
discuss	O
with	O
me	O
several	O
times	O
,	O
sometimes	O
honey	O
-	O
tongued	O
and	O
sometimes	O
threatening	O
.	O


The	O
most	O
classic	O
one	O
was	O
:	O
Do	O
n't	O
ever	O
dream	O
of	O
living	O
a	O
life	O
back	O
to	O
China	B-GPE
,	O
as	O
we	O
have	O
people	O
across	O
the	O
country	O
.	O


Disgusting	O
!	O


Here	O
comes	O
the	O
old	O
topic	O
again	O
,	O
are	O
you	O
going	O
to	O
lend	O
your	O
car	O
if	O
your	O
neighbor	O
or	O
friend	O
asks	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
many	O
people	O
will	O
say	O
they	O
wo	O
n't	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
suggest	O
not	O
to	O
lend	O
online	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
the	O
Internet	O
is	O
after	O
all	O
virtual	O
.	O


Words	O
sometimes	O
have	O
no	O
emotions	O
.	O


When	O
your	O
seemingly	O
nice	O
neighbor	O
,	O
seemingly	O
close	O
friend	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
girl	O
whose	O
eyes	O
can	O
speak	O
asks	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
real	O
world	O
,	O
how	O
many	O
people	O
will	O
answer	O
with	O
a	O
"	O
no	O
?	O
"	O


Anyhow	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
.	O


I	O
lent	O
my	O
car	O
to	O
some	O
people	O
in	O
need	O
after	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
believe	O
there	O
are	O
not	O
many	O
people	O
like	O
my	O
former	O
neighbor	O
couple	O
.	O


In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
here	O
is	O
a	O
summery	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
sides	O
:	O
.	O


Our	O
side	O
:	O
A	O
02	B-DATE
Camary	B-PRODUCT
of	O
50,000	B-QUANTITY
miles	I-QUANTITY
,	O
retaining	O
fee	O
200	B-CARDINAL
.	O
Annual	O
leave	O
two	B-CARDINAL
days	O
.	O


Their	O
side	O
:	O
One	B-CARDINAL
leg	O
of	O
the	O
father	O
-LRB-	O
repaired	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
hospital	O
charge	O
:	O
unknown	O
,	O
costs	O
for	O
missing	O
work	O
hours	O
:	O
unknown	O
,	O
retaining	O
fee	O
:	O
unknown	O
.	O


And	O
most	O
importantly	O
:	O
the	O
dignity	O
and	O
honor	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
family	O
-LRB-	O
except	O
children	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


--	O


*	O
Source	O
:	O
·	O
BBS	O
Unknown	O
Space	O
http://mitbbs.com	O
·	O
-LSB-	O
FROM	O
:	O
129.137.	O
-RSB-	O
.	O


I	O
thank	O
my	O
Beijing	B-GPE
friends	O
and	O
wish	O
everyone	O
a	O
Happy	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
.	O


mikecat	O


Poster	O
:	O
mikecat	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
mikecat	B-PERSON
-RRB-	O
,	O
Section	O
:	O
Beijing	B-GPE
.	O


Topic	O
:	O
I	O
thank	O
my	O
Beijing	B-GPE
friends	O
and	O
wish	O
everyone	O
a	O
Happy	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
.	O


Posting	O
station	O
:	O
BBS	O
Unnamed	O
space	O
station	O
-LRB-	O
Mon	B-DATE
Jan	I-DATE
1	I-DATE
12:05:53	B-TIME
2007	B-DATE
-RRB-	O
.	O


A	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
ago	I-DATE
,	O
I	O
was	O
really	O
desperate	O
,	O
I	O
lost	O
my	O
current	O
job	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
was	O
completely	O
unprepared	O
for	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
job	O
within	O
a	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
to	O
keep	O
myself	O
going	O
.	O


Now	O
in	O
this	B-DATE
month	I-DATE
with	O
the	O
Christmas	B-EVENT
holiday	O
there	O
's	O
really	O
only	O
three	B-DATE
weeks	I-DATE
of	O
actual	O
work	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
any	O
companies	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
hiring	O
people	O
during	O
this	O
period	O
.	O


Despair	O
,	O
that	O
sinking	O
feeling	O
weighing	O
on	O
my	O
mind	O
,	O
so	O
much	O
pressure	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
eat	O
,	O
could	O
n't	O
sleep	O
;	O
I	O
was	O
simply	O
going	O
crazy	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
still	O
needed	O
to	O
do	O
something	O
;	O
getting	O
crazy	O
-	O
hysteric	O
makes	O
no	O
sense	O
.	O


Then	O
I	O
started	O
connecting	O
with	O
my	O
friends	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
;	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
Maimaiti	B-PERSON
to	O
ask	O
for	O
help	O
,	O
consulted	O
about	O
my	O
status	O
,	O
and	O
looked	O
for	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
solve	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O


Even	O
my	O
relatives	O
'	O
friends	O
in	O
America	B-GPE
and	O
my	O
parents	O
'	O
friends	O
all	O
got	O
involved	O
.	O


Friends	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
always	O
friends	O
who	O
help	O
me	O
at	O
key	O
moments	O
.	O


Many	O
friends	O
got	O
people	O
they	O
knew	O
to	O
recommend	O
me	O
,	O
help	O
me	O
send	O
out	O
resumes	O
,	O
or	O
call	O
and	O
commiserate	O
with	O
me	O
.	O


There	O
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
friend	O
who	O
had	O
just	O
got	O
an	O
offer	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
,	O
so	O
he	O
recommended	O
me	O
to	O
go	O
for	O
him	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
way	O
off	O
in	O
LA	B-GPE
,	O
plus	O
the	O
salary	O
was	O
n't	O
ideal	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
least	O
it	O
could	O
help	O
me	O
keep	O
the	O
legal	O
status	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
would	O
take	O
it	O
.	O


After	O
the	O
telephone	O
interview	O
,	O
I	O
flew	O
to	O
LA	B-GPE
,	O
landing	O
at	O
12:00	B-TIME
noon	I-TIME
,	O
and	O
at	O
4:00	B-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
.	O


I	O
had	O
the	O
interview	O
.	O


By	O
then	O
17	B-TIME
-	I-TIME
18	I-TIME
hours	I-TIME
had	O
passed	O
since	O
I	O
'd	O
gotten	O
up	O
at	O
4:00	B-TIME
a.m.	I-TIME


Although	O
I	O
was	O
too	O
tired	O
to	O
walk	O
,	O
I	O
still	O
had	O
to	O
pump	O
up	O
my	O
spirits	O
so	O
I	O
'd	O
be	O
in	O
peak	O
form	O
for	O
the	O
interview	O
.	O


The	O
interview	O
did	O
n't	O
last	O
long	O
,	O
just	O
two	B-TIME
hours	I-TIME
and	O
it	O
was	O
over	O
.	O


I	O
felt	O
the	O
interview	O
went	O
well	O
,	O
and	O
started	O
to	O
feel	O
confident	O
.	O


But	O
on	O
that	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
one	B-CARDINAL
senior	O
level	O
person	O
was	O
n't	O
there	O
,	O
so	O
the	B-DATE
next	I-DATE
day	I-DATE
early	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
him	O
.	O


So	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
got	O
up	O
at	O
7:00	B-TIME
and	O
ran	O
over	O
to	O
chat	O
for	O
an	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
;	O
that	O
guy	O
was	O
nice	O
,	O
did	O
n't	O
embarrass	O
me	O
,	O
so	O
after	O
an	B-TIME
hour	I-TIME
it	O
ended	O
happily	O
.	O


After	O
that	O
the	O
boss	O
took	O
me	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
way	O
he	O
gave	O
me	O
an	O
oral	O
offer	O
,	O
and	O
he	O
said	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
easy	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
come	O
right	O
away	O
,	O
that	O
I	O
should	O
do	O
the	O
physical	O
exam	O
immediately	O
and	O
do	O
all	O
the	O
paperwork	O
,	O
wait	O
until	O
after	O
New	B-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
's	I-EVENT
,	O
and	O
the	O
HR	O
director	O
would	O
return	O
and	O
turn	O
in	O
the	O
H1	B-CARDINAL
.	O


Then	O
I	O
went	O
straight	O
for	O
the	O
physical	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
filled	O
out	O
the	O
application	O
form	O
,	O
reference	O
list	O
,	O
etc.	O


At	O
3:00	B-TIME
p.m.	I-TIME
,	O
the	O
dust	O
finally	O
settled	O
.	O


Finally	O
before	O
Christmas	B-EVENT
I	O
received	O
a	O
Christmas	B-EVENT
present	O
.	O


Although	O
I	O
still	O
have	O
n't	O
made	O
the	O
final	O
decision	O
to	O
go	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
guaranteed	O
-	O
minimum	O
choice	O
.	O


So	O
I	O
am	O
thanking	O
everyone	O
for	O
helping	O
me	O
.	O


I	O
hope	O
that	O
all	O
my	O
friends	O
who	O
are	O
still	O
looking	O
for	O
work	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
their	O
ideal	O
job	O
in	O
the	B-EVENT
New	I-EVENT
Year	I-EVENT
.	O


--	O


*	O
Source	O
:	O
・	O
BBS	O
Unnamed	O
space	O
station	O
http://mitbbs.com	O
・	O
-LSB-	O
FROM	O
:	O
72.224.	B-CARDINAL
-RSB-	O
.	O


Guo	B-PERSON
Kai	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
Economic	I-PERSON
Notes	I-PERSON
:	O
Beijing	B-GPE
's	O
Gas	O
Price	O
vs.	O
US	B-GPE
Gas	O
Price	O


Guo	B-PERSON
Kai	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
Economic	I-PERSON
Notes	I-PERSON


In	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
the	O
current	O
average	O
price	O
of	O
regular	O
unleaded	O
gas	O
is	O
about	O
2.3	B-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollars	I-MONEY
per	O
gallon	O
-LRB-	B-QUANTITY
3.78	I-QUANTITY
liters	I-QUANTITY
-RRB-	I-QUANTITY
.	O


According	O
to	O
the	O
official	O
exchange	O
rate	O
of	O
one	B-MONEY
US	I-MONEY
dollar	I-MONEY
for	O
7.9	B-MONEY
RMB	I-MONEY
,	O
this	O
price	O
is	O
equivalent	O
to	O
4.80	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
/	O
liter	O
.	O


Note	O
,	O
this	O
gas	O
price	O
includes	O
all	O
taxes	O
.	O


The	O
current	O
gas	O
price	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
is	O
5.09	B-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
/	O
liter	O
,	O
2	B-MONEY
mao	I-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
9	I-MONEY
fen	I-MONEY
more	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
the	O
gas	O
price	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
places	O
is	O
larger	O
than	O
2	B-MONEY
mao	I-MONEY
and	I-MONEY
9	I-MONEY
fen	I-MONEY
because	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
price	O
does	O
not	O
include	O
so	O
many	O
taxes	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
highway	O
maintenance	O
fee	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
paid	O
separately	O
.	O


Just	O
now	O
,	O
I	O
only	O
narrated	O
a	O
fact	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
believe	O
that	O
different	O
persons	O
see	O
different	O
problems	O
in	O
this	O
fact	O
.	O


Let	O
me	O
describe	O
people	O
's	O
two	B-CARDINAL
reactions	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
imagine	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
problems	O
I	O
can	O
see	O
.	O


1.	B-CARDINAL
The	O
US	B-GPE
gas	O
price	O
is	O
too	O
cheap	O
.	O


In	O
an	O
absolute	O
sense	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
gas	O
price	O
has	O
+already	O
been	O
cheaper	O
than	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
a	O
relative	O
sense	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
gas	O
price	O
is	O
even	O
cheaper	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
money	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
a	O
meal	O
at	O
McDonald	B-ORG
's	O
can	O
fill	O
up	O
more	O
than	O
10	B-QUANTITY
liters	I-QUANTITY
of	O
gas	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
Beijing	B-GPE
you	O
can	O
get	O
5	B-QUANTITY
-	I-QUANTITY
6	I-QUANTITY
liters	I-QUANTITY
of	O
gas	O
at	O
most	O
.	O


The	O
US	B-GPE
low	O
gas	O
price	O
policy	O
has	O
undoubtedly	O
led	O
to	O
this	O
country	O
's	O
excessive	O
use	O
of	O
and	O
overdependence	O
on	O
energy	O
resources	O
.	O


However	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
more	O
to	O
this	O
matter	O
,	O
the	O
whole	O
world	O
has	O
to	O
share	O
the	O
various	O
negative	O
effects	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
excessive	O
energy	O
consumption	O
:	O
global	O
warming	O
,	O
and	O
wars	O
caused	O
by	O
oil	O
,	O
etc.	O


It	O
is	O
totally	O
a	O
joke	O
that	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
gas	O
price	O
could	O
be	O
cheaper	O
than	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
.	O


2.	B-CARDINAL
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
price	O
is	O
too	O
expensive	O
.	O


Both	O
Americans	B-NORP
and	O
Chinese	B-NORP
buy	O
gas	O
from	O
the	O
international	O
market	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
technology	O
and	O
cost	O
of	O
oil	O
refinement	O
are	O
not	O
too	O
much	O
different	O
.	O


But	O
with	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
gas	O
price	O
including	O
taxes	O
even	O
lower	O
than	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
price	O
excluding	O
taxes	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
see	O
how	O
much	O
money	O
Chinese	B-NORP
oil	O
companies	O
have	O
made	O
out	O
of	O
this	O
.	O


If	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
price	O
controls	O
and	O
monopolies	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
price	O
should	O
n't	O
have	O
been	O
this	O
high	O
.	O


I	O
want	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
think	O
these	O
two	B-CARDINAL
opinions	O
are	O
both	O
correct	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
issue	O
of	O
oil	O
consumption	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
China	B-GPE
and	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
,	O
the	O
No.	O
1	B-CARDINAL
and	O
No.	O
2	B-CARDINAL
oil	O
consumers	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
are	O
also	O
a	O
funny	O
pair	O
.	O


From	O
a	O
global	O
perspective	O
,	O
the	O
US	B-NORP
gas	O
price	O
is	O
obviously	O
too	O
low	O
.	O


So	O
Mankiw	B-PERSON
at	O
Harvard	B-ORG
even	O
formed	O
a	O
"	O
Pigou	O
Club	O
,	O
"	O
gathering	O
social	O
celebrities	O
who	O
support	O
levying	O
higher	O
taxes	O
on	O
gas	O
prices	O
-LRB-	O
hereby	O
raising	O
gas	O
prices	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
prices	O
are	O
more	O
complicated	O
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
gas	O
prices	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
are	O
probably	O
not	O
very	O
high	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
reduce	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
future	O
overdependence	O
on	O
gas	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
better	O
that	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
prices	O
are	O
higher	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
the	O
direct	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
gas	O
price	O
increase	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
will	O
be	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
monopoly	O
profits	O
of	O
the	O
monopoly	O
companies	O
.	O


This	O
part	O
of	O
money	O
will	O
not	O
become	O
the	O
government	O
tax	O
revenue	O
,	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
public	O
welfare	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
will	O
only	O
make	O
the	O
benefits	O
of	O
those	O
people	O
working	O
at	O
the	O
monopoly	O
department	O
even	O
better	O
.	O


In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
the	O
gas	O
price	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
is	O
too	O
high	O
in	O
the	O
distributive	O
sense	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
the	O
price	O
that	O
transfers	O
the	O
entire	O
social	O
resources	O
to	O
a	O
very	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
.	O


But	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
sustainability	O
,	O
China	B-GPE
's	O
gas	O
price	O
may	O
still	O
be	O
too	O
low	O
.	O


We	O
need	O
high	O
gas	O
prices	O
to	O
control	O
the	O
overdependence	O
on	O
energy	O
imports	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
someone	O
will	O
condemn	O
me	O
,	O
saying	O
further	O
increase	O
of	O
gas	O
prices	O
will	O
make	O
life	O
unbearable	O
for	O
people	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
taxi	O
driver	O
,	O
my	O
reply	O
is	O
:	O
the	O
reason	O
your	O
life	O
is	O
unbearable	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
gas	O
price	O
,	O
but	O
because	O
of	O
our	O
taxi	O
licensing	O
regulation	O
system	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
car	O
owner	O
,	O
my	O
reply	O
is	O
:	O
ride	O
the	O
subway	O
and	O
bus	O
more	O
often	O
.	O


It	O
saves	O
money	O
,	O
reduces	O
congestion	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
lets	O
you	O
know	O
car	O
owners	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
a	O
position	O
to	O
say	O
"	O
life	O
is	O
unbearable	O
.	O
"	O


Compared	O
with	O
most	O
people	O
,	O
your	O
life	O
is	O
already	O
quite	O
good	O
.	O


darling0823	O


Comparing	O
McDonald	B-ORG
's	O
in	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
with	O
McDonald	B-ORG
's	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
may	O
not	O
be	O
right	O
.	O


Eating	O
a	O
meal	O
at	O
McDonald	B-ORG
's	O
in	O
the	O
US	B-GPE
is	O
more	O
comparable	O
to	O
buying	O
a	O
5	B-MONEY
-	I-MONEY
yuan	I-MONEY
boxed	O
meal	O
in	O
China	B-GPE
.	O


So	O
I	O
work	O
in	O
that	O
same	O
beauty	O
salon	O
,	O


I	O
'm	O
chained	O
to	O
the	O
old	O
masquerade	O


The	O
lipstick	O
,	O
the	O
shadow	O
,	O
the	O
silicone	O
:	O


I	O
follow	O
my	O
father	O
's	O
trade	O
-	O


Leonard	B-PERSON
Cohen	I-PERSON


Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
may	O
be	O
another	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
celebrity	O
distraction	O
which	O
,	O
upon	O
examination	O
,	O
reveals	O
more	O
about	O
our	O
society	O
's	O
mortal	O
condition	O
than	O
a	O
tabloid	O
could	O
imagine	O
.	O


Almost	O
certainly	O
more	O
than	O
it	O
would	O
dare	O
to	O
describe	O
.	O


Yesterday	O
,	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
was	O
ordered	O
to	O
close	O
Neverland	B-FAC
for	O
having	O
failed	O
to	O
pay	O
the	O
ranch	O
's	O
47	B-CARDINAL
employees	O
their	O
salary	O
or	O
insurance	O
since	O
the	B-DATE
end	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
2005	I-DATE
.	O


Unfortunate	O
for	O
the	O
unpaid	O
staff	O
and	O
the	O
abandoned	O
llamas	O
but	O
no	O
surprise	O
.	O


He	O
's	O
moved	O
on	O
since	O
his	O
aquittal	O
,	O
like	O
Gary	B-PERSON
Glitter	I-PERSON
did	O
after	O
his	O
1999	B-DATE
conviction	O
,	O
having	O
departed	O
last	B-DATE
June	I-DATE
for	O
a	O
Bahrain	B-GPE
``	O
vacation	O
''	O
from	O
which	O
he	O
's	O
yet	O
to	O
emerge	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
''	O
For	O
the	O
people	O
working	O
at	O
Bahrain	B-GPE
's	O
malls	O
,	O
the	O
person	O
covered	O
head	O
to	O
toe	O
in	O
a	O
black	O
veil	O
,	O
gloves	O
and	O
glasses	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
rich	O
,	O
doting	O
Saudi	B-NORP
mother	O
....	O


But	O
why	O
would	O
a	O
woman	O
wear	O
a	O
man	O
's	O
shoes	O
?	O


Why	O
the	O
bodyguards	O
?	O


And	O
why	O
did	O
the	O
person	O
's	O
fluid	O
movements	O
seem	O
so	O
familiar	O
?	O
''	O
-RRB-	O


Last	B-DATE
week	I-DATE
's	I-DATE
real	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
story	O
ran	O
in	O
the	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
York	I-ORG
Daily	I-ORG
News	I-ORG
,	O
under	O
the	O
snappy	O
banner	O
``	O
Creepy	O
dad	O
was	O
root	O
of	O
all	O
clan	O
's	O
woe	O
,	O
singer	O
sez	O
.	O
''	O


The	O
singer	O
was	O
brother	O
Jermaine	B-PERSON
,	O
and	O
the	O
claims	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
projected	O
outline	O
for	O
his	O
abandoned	O
``	O
tell	O
-	O
all	O
''	O
family	O
story	O
.	O


Reading	O
that	O
Joseph	B-PERSON
was	O
a	O
nightmare	O
of	O
a	O
father	O
and	O
sexually	O
abusive	O
towards	O
his	O
daughters	O
is	O
not	O
exactly	O
a	O
``	O
stop	O
the	O
presses	O
''	O
moment	O
.	O


What	O
's	O
new	O
is	O
this	O
:	O


Jermaine	B-PERSON
even	O
suggested	O
his	O
father	O
may	O
have	O
set	O
up	O
Michael	B-PERSON
to	O
be	O
somehow	O
victimized	O
by	O
older	O
men	O
.	O


He	O
tells	O
how	O
his	O
father	O
would	O
have	O
Michael	B-PERSON
join	O
in	O
at	O
late	O
-	O
night	O
hotel	O
room	O
meetings	O
with	O
``	O
important	O
business	O
people	O
,	O
''	O
and	O
wondered	O
whether	O
``	O
something	O
happened	O
''	O
to	O
Michael	B-PERSON
at	O
those	O
sessions	O
.	O


He	O
said	O
he	O
sensed	O
something	O
was	O
wrong	O
because	O
Michael	B-PERSON
would	O
be	O
sick	O
for	O
days	B-DATE
after	O
.	O


``	O
What	O
was	O
Joseph	B-PERSON
doing	O
?	O
''	O
Jermaine	B-PERSON
wrote	O
.	O


This	O
lifts	O
the	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
family	O
horror	O
show	O
to	O
a	O
whole	O
new	O
order	O
of	O
dysfunction	O
,	O
one	O
that	O
sees	O
parents	O
network	O
with	O
power	O
and	O
trade	O
their	O
children	O
for	O
privilege	O
.	O


This	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
motif	O
familiar	O
to	O
anyone	O
acquainted	O
with	O
the	O
literature	O
of	O
mind	O
control	O
and	O
ritual	O
abuse	O
survivors	O
:	O
the	O
father	O
and	O
first	O
controller	O
,	O
passing	O
his	O
child	O
-	O
victim	O
up	O
the	O
social	O
ladder	O
of	O
abuse	O
in	O
return	O
for	O
status	O
,	O
protection	O
and	O
reward	O
.	O


All	O
that	O
's	O
missing	O
is	O
the	O
element	O
of	O
occult	O
terror	O
.	O


Or	O
maybe	O
not	O
:	O
``	O
LaToya	B-PERSON
also	O
described	O
being	O
awakened	O
in	O
the	O
night	O
by	O
Joseph	B-PERSON
wearing	O
a	O
'	O
monster	O
mask	O
.	O
'	O
''	O


Perhaps	O
we	O
can	O
take	O
more	O
from	O
this	O
than	O
the	O
suspicion	O
that	O
the	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
clan	O
had	O
gotten	O
with	O
the	O
program	O
.	O


Perhaps	O
rather	O
the	O
point	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
program	O
exploits	O
pre-existing	O
conditions	O
for	O
abuse	O
which	O
are	O
more	O
common	O
than	O
most	O
suspect	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
This	O
is	O
how	O
I	O
tend	O
to	O
think	O
of	O
Ponchatoula	B-GPE
's	O
Hosanna	B-ORG
Church	I-ORG
.	O
-RRB-	O


Yet	O
we	O
should	O
n't	O
discount	O
the	O
suspicion	O
,	O
either	O
,	O
particularly	O
given	O
some	O
of	O
Michael	B-PERSON
's	O
paranormal	O
interests	O
and	O
peculiar	O
associations	O
.	O


His	O
close	O
friendship	O
with	O
SPECTRA	B-ORG
contactee	O
and	O
channeller	O
of	O
the	O
Nine	B-CARDINAL
,	O
Uri	B-PERSON
Geller	I-PERSON
,	O
for	O
one	B-CARDINAL
instance	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
was	O
Geller	B-PERSON
's	O
best	O
man	O
in	O
2001	B-DATE
when	O
he	O
and	O
his	O
wife	O
renewed	O
his	O
vows	O
,	O
the	B-DATE
same	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
Geller	B-PERSON
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
reactivated	O
as	O
a	O
psychic	O
spy	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


His	O
entourage	O
including	O
a	O
``	O
personal	O
magician	O
''	O
for	O
another	O
.	O


Even	O
if	O
you	O
wanted	O
to	O
,	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
reading	O
Jermaine	B-PERSON
's	O
account	O
now	O
.	O


Like	O
every	O
Jackson	B-ORG
sibling	O
who	O
's	O
tried	O
to	O
break	O
from	O
Joe	B-PERSON
,	O
he	O
's	O
climbed	O
down	O
,	O
returned	O
to	O
the	O
fold	O
and	O
scrapped	O
the	O
book	O
,	O
apparently	O
on	O
the	O
strength	O
of	O
Michael	B-PERSON
's	O
threats	O
to	O
sue	O
.	O


Previously	O
,	O
Michael	B-PERSON
's	O
given	O
cause	O
for	O
family	O
observers	O
to	O
attribute	O
his	O
grotesque	O
body	O
dysmorphia	O
to	O
a	O
dread	O
of	O
resembling	O
his	O
father	O
.	O


Yet	O
there	O
they	O
were	O
at	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
's	O
trial	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
hand	O
in	O
hand	O
.	O


In	O
the	O
big	O
picture	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
means	O
not	O
very	O
much	O
.	O


But	O
his	O
little	O
picture	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
newsworthy	O
than	O
the	O
news	O
suggests	O
.	O


good	O
stuff	O
.	O


having	O
departed	O
last	B-DATE
June	I-DATE
for	O
a	O
Bahrain	B-GPE
``	O
vacation	O
''	O
from	O
which	O
he	O
's	O
yet	O
to	O
emerge	O
.	O


Actually	O
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
reports	O
for	O
the	B-DATE
past	I-DATE
two	I-DATE
days	I-DATE
of	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
back	O
in	O
California	B-GPE
.	O


#NAME	O
?	O


Wild	O
wild	O
stuff	O
Jeff	B-PERSON
!	O


Disinformation	O
Distraction	O
Dis	O
and	O
Dat	O
..	O


The	O
netwerk	O
is	O
as	O
sacred	O
to	O
the	O
state	O
as	O
their	O
mantra	O
``	O
My	O
way	O
or	O
total	O
annihilation	O
.	O
''	O


Bait	O
and	O
switch	O
sets	O
the	O
agenda	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
no	O
such	O
thing	O
as	O
an	O
accident	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
Saturday	B-DATE
morning	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
papers	O
say	O
a	O
moon	O
of	O
Saturn	B-LOC
is	O
spewing	O
life	O
-	O
giving	O
water	O
....	O
then	O
I	O
see	O
the	O
new	O
R.I.	O
post	O
is	O
about	O
the	O
perrenial	O
child	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
.	O


This	O
day	O
is	O
named	O
for	O
Saturn	B-PERSON
...	O


"	O
...	O
it	O
was	O
foretold	O
that	O
one	O
day	O
a	O
mighty	O
son	O
of	O
Saturn	B-PERSON
would	O
in	O
turn	O
overthrow	O
him	O
,	O


and	O
Saturn	B-PERSON
devoured	O
all	O
of	O
his	O
children	O
when	O
they	O
were	O
born	O
to	O
prevent	O
this	O
...	O
''	O


Apparently	O
Saturn	B-PERSON
is	O
also	O
intimately	O
connected	O
with	O
Satan	B-PERSON
,	O
Masonics	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
Revelation	B-WORK_OF_ART
13	I-WORK_OF_ART
-	O
you	O
know	O
,	O
the	O
``	O
number	O
of	O
the	O
beast	O
''	O
...	O


Nevermind	O
-	O


I	O
need	O
a	O
cup	O
of	O
coffee	O
...	O


I	O
looked	O
in	O
vain	O
for	O
the	O
Cheney	B-PERSON
``	O
A	O
hunting	O
we	O
will	O
go	O
''	O
to	O
post	O
this	O
out	O
and	O
paste	O
but	O
...	O


And	O
on	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
cowardice	O
,	O
consider	O
this	O
.	O
In	O
a	O
recent	O
hunting	O
escapade	O
,	O
Dick	B-PERSON
Cheney	I-PERSON
accidentally	O
shot	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
his	O
hunting	O
comrades	O
.	O


There	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
negligence	O
involved	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
is	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
local	O
district	O
attorney	O
to	O
decide	O
.	O


But	O
more	O
importantly	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
hunt	O
.	O


These	O
were	O
not	O
wild	O
birds	O
.	O


The	O
birds	O
were	O
bred	O
in	O
captivity	O
.	O


They	O
had	O
spent	O
their	O
lives	O
in	O
pens	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
on	O
hunting	O
day	O
,	O
were	O
released	O
for	O
the	O
sole	O
purpose	O
of	O
being	O
killed	O
by	O
Dick	B-PERSON
Cheney	I-PERSON
and	O
cohorts	O
for	O
pure	O
sport	O
as	O
they	O
flew	O
into	O
the	O
open	O
sky	O
for	O
their	O
only	O
moments	O
of	O
brief	O
freedom	O
.	O


Whether	O
you	O
are	O
an	O
animal	O
lover	O
or	O
not	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
something	O
disgusting	O
and	O
degrading	O
about	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
hunt	O
and	O
something	O
less	O
than	O
human	O
about	O
those	O
who	O
participate	O
in	O
it	O
.	O


The	O
link	O
``	O
personal	O
majician	O
''	O
is	O
intrigueing	O
.	O


From	O
Madsen	B-PERSON
via	O
Boucher	B-PERSON
:	O


Jackson	B-PERSON
's	O
stay	O
at	O
the	O
Cedars	B-FAC
was	O
arranged	O
through	O
David	B-PERSON
Kuo	I-PERSON
,	O
George	B-PERSON
W.	I-PERSON
Bush	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
White	O
House	O
director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Office	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Faith	I-ORG
-	I-ORG
based	I-ORG
Initiatives	I-ORG
.	O


Kuo	B-PERSON
,	O
a	O
former	O
CIA	B-ORG
employee	O
...	O
had	O
been	O
Executive	O
Director	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Center	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Effective	I-ORG
Compassion	I-ORG
,	O
founded	O
in	O
1995	B-DATE
by	O
Arianna	B-PERSON
Huffington	I-PERSON
...	O


Kuo	B-PERSON
also	O
previously	O
worked	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Christian	I-ORG
Coalition	I-ORG
and	O
Senator	O
John	B-PERSON
Ashcroft	I-PERSON
.	O


There	O
's	O
also	O
some	O
curious	O
Neverland	B-FAC
/	O
Disneyland	B-FAC
connections	O
to	O
the	O
``	O
Mickey	B-ORG
Mouse	I-ORG
Club	I-ORG
''	O
children	O
who	O
are	O
now	O
stars	O
,	O
including	O
Justin	B-PERSON
Timberlake	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
remember	O
the	O
star	O
on	O
Janet	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
breast	O
?	O
-RRB-	O
and	O
Brittany	B-PERSON
Spears	I-PERSON
,	O
Christina	B-PERSON
Aguilera	I-PERSON
...	O


The	O
piper	O
walks	O
into	O
the	O
mountain	O
,	O
still	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
children	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
cave	O
closes	O
again	O
...	O


Here	O
is	O
Boucher	B-PERSON
's	O
follow	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
``	O
majician	O
''	O
link	O
of	O
Jeff	B-PERSON
's	O
.	O


on	O
the	O
mark	O
as	O
always	O
,	O
jeff	B-PERSON
,	O


but	O
i	O
thought	O
you	O
might	O
cover	O
chile	B-GPE
's	O
inauguration	O
of	O
its	O
first	O
woman	O
president	O
today	O
instead	O
...	O


maybe	O
later	O
as	O
the	O
story	O
develops	O
?	O


Jeff	B-PERSON
Boucher	B-PERSON
's	O
piece	O
mentions	O
how	O
victims	O
of	O
sexual	O
abuse	O
often	O
have	O
childlike	O
voices	O
,	O
almost	O
as	O
if	O
their	O
development	O
was	O
'	O
frozen	O
'	O
around	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
their	O
abuse	O
.	O


Jackson	B-PERSON
seems	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
this	O
type	O
.	O


Or	O
more	O
perversely	O
,	O
fakes	O
that	O
he	O
is	O
:	O


``	O
I	O
was	O
always	O
saying	O
-LSB-	O
to	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
-RSB-	O
people	O
would	O
n't	O
think	O
I	O
was	O
so	O
crazy	O
if	O
they	O
saw	O
who	O
the	O
hell	O
you	O
really	O
are	O
,	O
that	O
you	O
sit	O
around	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
drink	O
and	O
you	O
curse	O
and	O
you	O
're	O
-LSB-	O
expletive	O
-RSB-	O
funny	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
bad	O
mouth	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
that	O
high	O
voice	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
''	O
-	O


Lisa	B-PERSON
Marie	I-PERSON
Presley	I-PERSON
,	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
quoted	O
in	O
a	O
WaPo	B-ORG
article	O
written	O
by	O
Tina	B-PERSON
Brown	I-PERSON
:	O


Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
False	O
Front	O
?	O


``	O
David	B-PERSON
Geffen	I-PERSON
,	O
be	O
gone	O
!	O


Steven	B-PERSON
Spielberg	I-PERSON
,	O
be	O
gone	O
!	O
''	O


The	O
witch	O
doctor	O
cursing	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
enemies	O
and	O
blessing	O
the	O
tarnished	O
King	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
Pop	I-PERSON
himself	O
in	O
a	O
voodoo	O
ritual	O
in	O
Switzerland	B-GPE
in	O
the	B-DATE
summer	I-DATE
of	I-DATE
2000	I-DATE
had	O
promised	O
that	O
the	O
25	B-CARDINAL
people	O
on	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
's	O
enemies	O
list	O
-LRB-	O
would	O
soon	O
be	O
dead	O
-RRB-	O
...	O


Jackson	B-PERSON
had	O
ordered	O
his	O
then	O
business	O
adviser	O
,	O
Myung	B-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Ho	I-PERSON
Lee	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
U.S.	B-GPE
-	O
educated	O
Korean	B-NORP
lawyer	O
based	O
in	O
Seoul	B-GPE
,	O
to	O
wire	O
$	O
150,000	B-MONEY
to	O
a	O
bank	O
in	O
Mali	B-GPE
for	O
a	O
voodoo	O
chief	O
named	O
Baba	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
then	O
had	O
42	B-CARDINAL
cows	O
ritually	O
sacrificed	O
for	O
the	O
ceremony	O
.	O


Jackson	B-PERSON
had	O
already	O
undergone	O
a	O
blood	O
bath	O
...	O


The	O
pop	O
star	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
$	B-MONEY
240	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
in	O
debt	O
,	O
had	O
paid	O
six	O
figures	O
for	O
a	O
ritual	O
cleansing	O
using	O
sheep	O
blood	O
to	O
another	O
voodoo	O
doctor	O
and	O
a	O
mysterious	O
Egyptian	B-NORP
woman	O
named	O
Samia	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
came	O
to	O
him	O
with	O
a	O
letter	O
of	O
greeting	O
from	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
ranking	O
Saudi	B-NORP
prince	O
,	O
purportedly	O
Nawaf	B-PERSON
Bin	I-PERSON
Abdulaziz	I-PERSON
Al	I-PERSON
-	I-PERSON
Saud	I-PERSON
,	O
now	O
the	O
chief	O
of	O
intelligence	O
of	O
Saudi	B-GPE
Arabia	I-GPE
...	O


http://www.vanityfair.com/commentary/content/articles/050411roco03c	O
hmm	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
that	O
Vanity	B-ORG
Fair	I-ORG
article	O
,	O
Jacko	B-PERSON
and	O
Uri	B-PERSON
Geller	I-PERSON
met	O
through	O
``	O
that	O
other	O
fellow	O
devotee	O
of	O
children	O
's	O
charities	O
Mohamed	B-PERSON
Fayed	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
chairman	O
of	O
Harrods	B-ORG
in	O
London	B-GPE
,	O
who	O
believes	O
that	O
the	O
C.I.A.	B-ORG
and	O
Prince	B-PERSON
Philip	I-PERSON
had	O
Princess	B-PERSON
Diana	I-PERSON
and	O
his	O
son	O
,	O
Dodi	B-PERSON
,	O
killed	O
.	O
''	O


Anonymous	O
quoted	O
,	O
``	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
's	O
stay	O
at	O
the	O
Cedars	B-FAC
was	O
arranged	O
through	O
David	B-PERSON
Kuo	I-PERSON
...	O
''	O


Hold	O
on	O
--	O


the	O
Cedars	B-FAC
is	O
the	O
headquarters	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
creepy	O
Christianoid	B-NORP
cult	O
with	O
deep	O
political	O
connections	O
.	O


Here	O
's	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
Madsen	B-PERSON
article	O
that	O
the	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
quote	O
comes	O
from	O
:	O


In	O
1976	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
began	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
permanent	O
headquarters	O
in	O
Arlington	B-GPE
.	O


It	O
set	O
its	O
sights	O
on	O
the	O
estate	O
of	O
George	B-PERSON
Mason	I-PERSON
IV	I-PERSON
,	O
The	O
Cedars	B-FAC
,	O
located	O
at	O
2301	B-LOC
North	I-LOC
Uhle	I-LOC
Street	I-LOC
.	O


Mason	B-PERSON
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
drafters	O
of	O
the	B-LAW
Bill	I-LAW
of	I-LAW
Rights	I-LAW
.	O


The	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
International	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
,	O
bought	O
the	O
property	O
from	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Piluso	I-PERSON
.	O


Although	O
not	O
much	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
Piluso	B-PERSON
,	O
the	B-ORG
Los	I-ORG
Angeles	I-ORG
Times	I-ORG
reported	O
that	O
Howard	B-PERSON
Hughes	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
man	O
with	O
whom	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
Senator	O
Ralph	B-PERSON
Owen	I-PERSON
Brewster	I-PERSON
once	O
sparred	O
,	O
also	O
lived	O
there	O
.	O


According	O
to	O
a	O
senior	O
Pentagon	B-ORG
official	O
,	O
the	O
Cedars	B-FAC
had	O
been	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
CIA	B-ORG
safe	O
house	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
's	O
purchase	O
of	O
the	O
estate	O
.	O


The	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
paid	O
$	B-MONEY
1.5	I-MONEY
million	I-MONEY
for	O
the	O
Cedars	B-FAC
,	O
the	O
money	O
coming	O
from	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Phillips	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
CEO	O
of	O
Raytheon	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
Ken	B-PERSON
Olsen	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
CEO	O
of	O
Digital	B-ORG
Equipment	I-ORG
Corporation	I-ORG
.	O


Sanford	B-PERSON
McDonnell	I-PERSON
of	O
McDonnell	B-ORG
Douglas	I-ORG
Corporation	I-ORG
was	O
another	O
deep	O
-	O
pocketed	O
supporter	O
of	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
through	O
Full	B-ORG
Gospel	I-ORG
Business	I-ORG
Men	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
International	I-ORG
,	O
an	O
activity	O
linked	O
to	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
core	O
member	O
Pat	B-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
.	O


Suffer	O
the	O
little	O
children	O
,	O
eh	O
?	O


If	O
this	O
is	O
what	O
power	O
&	O
wealth	O
does	O
to	O
you	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
damn	O
glad	O
I	O
have	O
neither	O
.	O


You	O
said	O
,	O
``	O
Perhaps	O
rather	O
the	O
point	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
program	O
exploits	O
pre-existing	O
conditions	O
for	O
abuse	O
which	O
are	O
more	O
common	O
than	O
most	O
suspect	O
.	O
''	O


Could	O
n't	O
agree	O
more	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
that	O
pedophilia	O
's	O
relative	O
commonality	O
is	O
what	O
really	O
makes	O
it	O
frightening	O
.	O


My	O
experience	O
happened	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
15	B-CARDINAL
.	O


A	O
friend	O
of	O
mine	O
met	O
this	O
guy	O
who	O
was	O
twice	O
our	O
age	O
&	O
who	O
was	O
more	O
than	O
willing	O
to	O
buy	O
us	O
all	O
the	O
whiskey	O
we	O
could	O
drink	O
.	O


We	O
were	O
both	O
enamored	O
with	O
Kerouac	B-PERSON
&	O
Jim	B-PERSON
Morrison	I-PERSON
&	O
meeting	O
strange	O
characters	O
&	O
this	O
guy	O
definitely	O
fit	O
the	O
bill	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
muscle	O
for	O
a	O
Pittsburgh	B-GPE
madam	O
named	O
Tex	B-PERSON
Gill	I-PERSON
.	O


She	O
dressed	O
like	O
a	O
man	O
&	O
ran	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
massage	O
parlors	O
in	O
Pgh	B-GPE
.	O


He	O
was	O
into	O
black	O
magick	O
&	O
Crowley	B-PERSON
&	O
booze	O
&	O
drugs	O
&	O
on	O
&	O
on	O
.	O


So	O
,	O
one	B-CARDINAL
night	O
,	O
we	O
're	O
at	O
his	O
apartment	O
,	O
drunk	O
out	O
of	O
our	O
minds	O
,	O


&	O
my	O
buddy	O
passes	O
out	O
.	O


I	O
continue	O
drinking	O
.	O


At	O
one	B-CARDINAL
point	O
,	O
I	O
glance	O
at	O
this	O
older	O
guy	O
,	O


&	O
he	O
is	O
staring	O
at	O
my	O
buddy	O
as	O
a	O
line	O
of	O
drool	O
runs	O
down	O
the	O
cigarette	O
in	O
his	O
mouth	O
&	O
drips	O
on	O
to	O
the	O
floor	O
.	O


I	O
think	O
,	O
'	O
What	O
the	O
fuck	O
?	O
'	O


but	O
I	O
'm	O
pretty	O
goddamn	O
wasted	O


&	O
reality	O
is	O
having	O
a	O
helluva	O
time	O
penetrating	O
the	O
fog	O
in	O
my	O
head	O
.	O


He	O
notices	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
kind	O
of	O
staring	O
at	O
him	O
.	O


He	O
stands	O
up	O
,	O
walks	O
into	O
the	O
bedroom	O
,	O
&	O
comes	O
back	O
with	O
a	O
porno	O
mag	O
.	O


He	O
drops	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
couch	O
next	O
to	O
me	O
.	O


As	O
he	O
's	O
sitting	O
down	O
,	O
he	O
says	O
,	O
``	O
See	O
anything	O
you	O
like	O
?	O
''	O


&	O
then	O
he	O
shoves	O
his	O
hand	O
hard	O
into	O
my	O
groin	O
.....	O


....	O
&	O
I	O
broke	O
his	O
nose	O
with	O
my	O
elbow	O
.	O


Make	O
no	O
mistake	O
though	O
,	O
up	O
till	O
that	O
point	O
,	O
the	O
guy	O
scared	O
the	O
shit	O
out	O
of	O
me	O
.	O


But	O
,	O
lucky	O
for	O
me	O
,	O
my	O
reaction	O
was	O
see	O
red	O
anger	O
instead	O
of	O
cowering	O
fear	O
.	O


After	O
i	O
hit	O
him	O
,	O
I	O
jumped	O
up	O
,	O
ran	O
into	O
his	O
kitchen	O
&	O
grabbed	O
a	O
big	O
old	O
butcher	O
knife	O
,	O
ran	O
back	O
into	O
the	O
room	O
&	O
proceeded	O
to	O
kick	O
my	O
buddy	O
into	O
consciousness	O
&	O
drag	O
his	O
comatose	O
ass	O
the	O
hell	O
out	O
of	O
there	O
.	O


Now	O
,	O
for	O
me	O
,	O
the	O
interesting	O
part	O
happened	O
years	O
later	O
.	O


At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
my	O
buddy	O
&	O
I	O
were	O
selling	O
things	O
.	O


My	O
buddy	O
had	O
a	O
real	O
good	O
supplier	O
for	O
these	O
things	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
his	O
secret	O
.	O


At	O
one	O
point	O
,	O
my	O
buddy	O
could	O
n't	O
pick	O
up	O
the	O
shipment	O
so	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
go	O
.	O


Before	O
I	O
left	O
,	O
he	O
had	O
to	O
explain	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
his	O
supplier	O
was	O
none	O
other	O
than	O
Freddie	O
Feelup	O
.	O


I	O
decided	O
to	O
go	O
.	O


He	O
was	O
now	O
closer	O
to	O
40	B-CARDINAL
&	O
just	O
a	O
hollow	O
shell	O
of	O
his	O
former	O
self	O
.	O


Friendless	O
,	O
his	O
only	O
company	O
being	O
neighborhood	O
teens	O
looking	O
to	O
party	O
.	O


He	O
kept	O
one	B-CARDINAL
room	O
empty	O
except	O
for	O
4	B-CARDINAL
black	O
candles	O
in	O
each	O
of	O
its	O
corners	O
.	O


he	O
would	O
read	O
curses	O
aimed	O
at	O
people	O
who	O
pissed	O
him	O
off	O
.	O


Really	O
pathetic	O
.	O


About	B-DATE
a	I-DATE
year	I-DATE
later	I-DATE
,	O
a	O
few	O
of	O
those	O
teens	O
took	O
an	O
intense	O
dislike	O
to	O
Freddie	B-PERSON
&	O
the	O
beat	O
him	O
to	O
to	O
death	O
.	O


I	O
ca	O
n't	O
imagine	O
why	O
.	O


Can	O
you	O
?	O


I	O
apologize	O
for	O
continuing	O
my	O
ramble	O
but	O
...	O
,	O


...	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
how	O
you	O
folks	O
would	O
classify	O
pedophilia	O
.	O


Maybe	O
a	O
30	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
man	O
&	O
a	O
15	B-DATE
year	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
boy	O
does	O
n't	O
qualify	O
.	O


I	O
wonder	O
about	O
that	O
myself	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
30	B-CARDINAL
,	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
plying	O
15	B-CARDINAL
year	O
old	O
girls	O
with	O
booze	O
&	O
copping	O
feels	O
.	O


I	O
'll	O
shut	O
up	O
now	O
.	O


Speaking	O
of	O
Pat	B-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
-	O


I	O
remembered	O
something	O
about	O
him	O
being	O
linked	O
with	O
Victor	B-PERSON
Bout	I-PERSON
and	O
the	O
UAE	B-GPE
two	B-CARDINAL
-	O
step	O
currently	O
going	O
on	O
:	O


Bout	O
was	O
Liberian	B-NORP
dictator	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Taylor	I-PERSON
's	O
primary	O
arms	O
and	O
diamond	O
smuggler	O
...	O


Taylor	B-PERSON
,	O
who	O
is	O
now	O
in	O
exile	O
in	O
Nigeria	B-GPE
,	O
was	O
a	O
business	O
partner	O
with	O
Christian	B-ORG
Coalition	I-ORG
founder	O
Pat	B-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
...	O
in	O
a	O
Cayman	B-GPE
Islands	I-GPE
front	O
company	O
called	O
Freedom	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
,	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
.	O


In	O
fact	O
,	O
Freedom	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
was	O
headquartered	O
at	O
Robertson	B-PERSON
's	O
CBN	B-ORG
offices	O
in	O
Virginia	B-GPE
Beach	I-GPE
,	O
Virginia	B-GPE
.	O


Robertson	B-PERSON
's	O
African	B-NORP
interests	O
also	O
crossed	O
paths	O
with	O
Bout	B-PERSON
's	O
in	O
another	O
country	O
--	O
the	B-GPE
former	I-GPE
Zaire	I-GPE
.	O


Robertson	B-PERSON
's	O
African	B-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
used	O
the	O
cover	O
of	O
Robertson	B-PERSON
's	O
tax	O
-	O
exempt	O
``	O
Operation	O
Blessing	O
''	O
to	O
ferry	O
conflict	O
diamonds	O
out	O
of	O
civil	O
war	O
-	O
ravaged	O
Zaire	B-GPE
-LRB-	O
now	O
Congo	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
Bout	B-PERSON
's	O
many	O
assets	O
is	O
New	B-ORG
Millennium	I-ORG
Air	I-ORG
Company	I-ORG
of	O
Gambia	B-GPE
.	O


The	O
Director	O
of	O
this	O
firm	O
is	O
``	O
Baba	B-PERSON
Jobe	I-PERSON
''	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
hmmm	O
-	O


``	O
Baba	B-PERSON
''	O
...	O
-RRB-	O


http://www.analystnewspaper.com/ameu_scam_feb21.html	O


http://www.waynemadsenreport.com/	O


http://www.globalpolicy.org/intljustice/wanted/2005/1212ties.htm	O


My	O
question	O
is	O
,	O
when	O
is	O
a	O
victim	O
guilty	O
of	O
abuse	O
?	O


Jackson	B-PERSON
is	O
definitely	O
a	O
mind	O
-	O
control	O
,	O
SRA	O
victim	O
.	O


He	O
's	O
programmed	O
.	O


Neverland	B-FAC
sounds	O
like	O
a	O
cryptic	O
command	O
from	O
MKULTRA	O
Wizard	O
of	O
Oz	O
programming	O
.	O


The	O
bizarre	O
from	O
black	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
white	O
and	O
physical	O
transformation	O
must	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
biotech	O
advances	O
.	O


If	O
he	O
does	O
abuse	O
'	O
his	O
'	O
children	O
,	O
is	O
he	O
'	O
guilty	O
'	O
as	O
such	O
if	O
he	O
is	O
programmed	O
?	O


I	O
suspect	O
he	O
is	O
a	O
brilliant	O
cover	O
or	O
red	O
-	O
herring	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
shield	O
by	O
very	O
powerful	O
forces	O
,	O
responsible	O
for	O
God	O
-	O
knows	O
-	O
what	O
at	O
his	O
now	O
-	O
abandoned	O
ranch	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
very	O
effective	O
,	O
as	O
many	O
'	O
feel	O
'	O
that	O
whilst	O
MJ	B-PERSON
is	O
naive	O
he	O
's	O
not	O
capable	O
of	O
the	O
evil	O
associated	O
with	O
pedophile	O
activity	O
.	O


This	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
public	O
'	O
persona	O
'	O
is	O
merely	O
an	O
'	O
alter	O
'	O
personality	O
and	O
he	O
may	O
have	O
many	O
other	O
'	O
personalities	O
'	O
which	O
are	O
dark	O
.	O


Then	O
comes	O
the	O
question	O
whether	O
his	O
programmers	O
were	O
programmed	O
themselves	O
.	O


If	O
so	O
,	O
then	O
they	O
are	O
all	O
guilty	O
of	O
such	O
abuse	O
,	O
whilst	O
being	O
innocent	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
!	O


As	O
most	O
abuse	O
is	O
generational	O
,	O
the	O
whole	O
mind	O
-	O
control	O
subject	O
really	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
brought	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
open	O
.	O


The	O
very	O
technology	O
and	O
tools	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
mind	O
which	O
harm	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
heal	O
.	O


Brr	O
,	O
Pied	O
Piper	O
.	O


I	O
remember	O
being	O
spooked	O
by	O
that	O
story	O
as	O
a	O
kid	O
.	O


Heck	O
of	O
a	O
story	O
to	O
tell	O
children	O
.	O


Talking	O
about	O
strange	O
coincidences	O
...	O
I	O
was	O
trying	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
science	O
fiction	O
story	O
a	O
while	O
back	O
involving	O
Star	B-WORK_OF_ART
Gate	I-WORK_OF_ART
type	O
research	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
cool	O
name	O
for	O
an	O
undercover	O
X-Files	B-WORK_OF_ART
type	O
military	O
-	O
occult	O
agency	O
.	O


Thought	O
of	O
'	O
SPECTRE	O
'	O
but	O
that	O
seemed	O
too	O
James	O
Bondish	O
,	O
and	O
modified	O
it	O
to	O
'	O
SPECTRA	O
'	O
.	O


Thinking	O
rainbow	O
-	O
type	O
symbology	O
.	O


Then	O
I	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
'	O
SPECTRA	B-ORG
'	O
is	O
actually	O
a	O
name	O
with	O
significance	O
in	O
the	O
community	O
.	O


What	O
the	O
...	O


...	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
did	O
read	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
weird	O
stuff	O
in	O
passing	O
as	O
a	O
kid	O
,	O


it	O
's	O
certainly	O
possible	O
that	O
I	O
came	O
across	O
it	O
and	O
forgot	O
.	O


I	O
was	O
n't	O
consciously	O
aware	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
certainly	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
the	O
most	O
disappointingly	O
*cheesy*	O
1960s	B-DATE
sci	O
-	O
fi	O
kind	O
of	O
name	O
for	O
an	O
astral	O
entity	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
for	O
sure	O
.	O


I	O
never	O
did	O
write	O
that	O
story	O
.	O


Is	O
n't	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
,	O
and	O
the	O
entire	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
clan	O
,	O
Jehovah	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Witness	I-ORG
?	O


There	O
was	O
no	O
mention	O
made	O
of	O
this	O
in	O
either	O
the	O
main	O
post	O
or	O
comments	O
....	O


It	O
would	O
seem	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
their	O
must	O
be	O
some	O
relationship	O
between	O
that	O
cult	O
organization	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
``	O
high	O
weirdness	O
''	O
going	O
on	O
....	O


no	O
?	O


....	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
cult	O
.	O


FBI	B-ORG
finally	O
releases	O
report	O
on	O
missing	O
children	O
.	O


Agency	O
unveils	O
surprising	O
statistics	O
:	O
about	B-CARDINAL
one	I-CARDINAL
-	I-CARDINAL
third	I-CARDINAL
of	O
lost	O
kids	O
are	O
black	O


--	O
AP	O


Since	O
1985	B-DATE
nearly	O
13	B-CARDINAL
million	I-CARDINAL
children	O
missing	O
-LRB-	O
those	O
reported	O
-RRB-	O
.	O


An	O
average	O
of	O
615,874	B-CARDINAL
per	O
year	O
since	O
1985	B-DATE
.	O
791,687	B-CARDINAL
in	O
1995	B-DATE
alone	O
.	O


This	O
is	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
group	O
here	O
.	O


I	O
appreciate	O
your	O
candor	O
and	O
your	O
capacity	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
knowledge	O
base	O
with	O
each	O
contributor	O
adding	O
to	O
the	O
thread	O
that	O
moves	O
me	O
in	O
a	O
sonambulant	O
noiseless	O
rush	O
toward	O
the	O
truth	O
.	O


We	O
are	O
living	O
the	O
dieing	O


and	O
that	O
is	O
just	O
as	O
productive	O
and	O
rewarding	O
as	O
any	O
other	O
dimension	O
of	O
spirit	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
experienced	O


If	O
there	O
is	O
just	O
one	B-CARDINAL
thing	O
that	O
disappoints	O
me	O
it	O
is	O
that	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
posters	O
here	O
prefer	O
to	O
be	O
anonymous	O
.	O


It	O
would	O
be	O
wise	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
``	O
be	O
''	O
yourself	O
.	O


I	O
tried	O
to	O
find	O
emails	O
for	O
any	O
that	O
list	O
a	O
profile	O
or	O
website	O
,	O


but	O
none	O
``	O
NONE	O
''	O
of	O
you	O
are	O
out	O
there	O
.	O


Contact	O
me	O
at	O
my	O
profile	O
email	O
should	O
you	O
care	O
to	O
disclose	O
yourself	O
.	O


I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
invite	O
you	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
FSHOD	O
if	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
too	O
much	O
to	O
ask	O
.	O


maybe	O
we	O
remain	O
anonymous	O
in	O
preparation	O
for	O
the	O
future	O
.	O


I	O
'm	O
surprised	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
heard	O
this	O
mentioned	O
anywhere	O
before	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
ties	O
in	O
perfectly	O
with	O
Jeff	B-PERSON
's	O
Bizarro	B-PERSON
Jacko	I-PERSON
Tabloid	O
post	O
:	O


In	O
an	O
interview	O
with	O
Blender	B-ORG
-LRB-	O
ca	O
n't	O
remember	O
what	O
issue	O
,	O
but	O
Janet	B-PERSON
's	O
on	O
the	O
cover	O
-RRB-	O
,	O
Janet	B-PERSON
talks	O
at	O
length	O
about	O
having	O
mulitiple	O
personalities	O
.	O


I	O
ca	O
n't	O
remember	O
all	O
the	O
details	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
's	O
Janet	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
normal	O
pop	O
star	O
,	O
and	O
among	O
others	O
-LRB-	O
and	O
perhaps	O
the	O
most	O
notable	O
in	O
this	O
context	O
-RRB-	O
one	O
she	O
calls	O
``	O
Strawberry	O
,	O
''	O
who	O
is	O
geared	O
towards	O
explicit	O
sexual	O
activities	O
.	O


As	O
I	O
understand	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
classic	O
alters	O
description	O
.	O


A	O
Real	O
MAN	O
Would	O
At	O
Least	O
Let	O
A	O
Former	O
Board	O
Member	O
Be	O
Able	O
TO	O
READ	O
The	O
Reason	O
He	O
Had	O
Been	O
Banned	O
,	O
But	O
,	O
I	O
FORGOT	O
I	O
Was	O
Dealing	O
With	O
A	O
Coward	O
!	O


antiaristo	B-PERSON
will	O
be	O
disappointed	O
,	O
or	O
HAS	O
HE	O
ALREADY	O
BEEN	O
BANNED	O
,	O
TOO	O
???	O


A	O
COWARD	O
DIES	O
A	O
THOUSAND	B-CARDINAL
DEATHS	O
.	O
A	O
HERO	O
DIES	O
BUT	O
ONCE	O
!!!!!!!!	O


Saint	B-PERSON
Alexander	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Foolish	I-PERSON
,	O
circa	O
Third	B-DATE
Millennium	I-DATE
,	O
a.D	O
.	O
Janet	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
;	O


``	O
Strawberry	B-WORK_OF_ART
Bounce	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
lyrics	O
:	O


Bump	O
the	O
beat	O


Just	O
watch	O
the	O
way	O
I	O
pump	O
it	O


The	O
way	O
I	O
work	O
it	O
's	O
gon	O
na	O
keep	O
you	O
cumin'	O


Do	O
a	O
dance	O
that	O
's	O
so	O
sensual	O


I	O
'ma	O
make	O
you	O
Lose	O
Control	O


Do	O
n't	O
trip	O


You	O
know	O
you	O
wan	O
na	O
watch	O
this	O


I	O
'm	O
a	O
pro	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
disappointed	O


Gon	O
na	O
leave	O
you	O
beggin'	O
for	O
more	O


I	O
'ma	O
make	O
you	O
Lose	O
Control	O


Glad	O
someone	O
finally	O
mentioned	O
Janet	B-PERSON
.	O


I	O
think	O
the	O
practice	O
of	O
black	O
magic	O
is	O
something	O
she	O
and	O
her	O
brother	O
have	O
in	O
common	O
.	O


One	O
mus	O
n't	O
forget	O
her	O
now	O
infamous	O
superbowl	O
``	O
nipple	O
''	O
stunt	O
.	O


Rather	O
than	O
the	O
ridiculous	O
accident	O
censors	O
tried	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
recognized	O
as	O
a	O
planned	O
,	O
purposeful	O
piece	O
of	O
black	O
magic	O
,	O
perpetraited	O
literally	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
on	O
a	O
very	O
alchemically	O
significant	O
day	O
and	O
time	O


-LRB-	O
goes	O
way	O
beyond	O
a	O
'	O
publicity	O
stunt	O
,	O
does	O
n't	O
it	O
?	O
'	O
-RRB-	O


A	O
friend	O
even	O
suggests	O
that	O
during	O
her	O
much	O
earlier	O
'	O
Rythm	O
Nation	O
'	O
period	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
she	O
dons	O
a	O
black	O
uniform	O
and	O
uses	O
strange	O
,	O
synchopated	O
hand	O
movements	O
in	O
her	O
video	O
dance	O
routine	O
,	O
that	O
that	O
too	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
twilight	O
language	O
,	O
intended	O
on	O
sending	O
a	O
specific	O
message	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
desired	O
effect	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
possible	O
that	O
jacksons	B-PERSON
have	O
been	O
using	O
the	O
occult	O
arts	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
,	O
long	O
time	O
.	O


I	O
'd	O
love	O
to	O
hear	O
someone	O
else	O
's	O
thoughts	O
on	O
this	O
-	O


Here	O
's	O
a	O
link	O
to	O
just	O
a	O
wee	O
bit	O
more	O
about	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
and	O
her	O
alleged	O
MPD	O
-	O


http://dave.typepad.com/dave/2004/06/janet_jacksons_.html	O


I	O
posted	O
above	O
that	O
The	O
Cedars	B-FAC
,	O
where	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
was	O
mentioned	O
as	O
having	O
stayed	O
for	O
a	O
time	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
center	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
.	O


I	O
just	O
ran	O
across	O
the	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
again	O
,	O
when	O
looking	O
for	O
something	O
to	O
explain	O
the	O
anomalous	O
situation	O
of	O
recently	O
-	O
disgraced	O
Republican	B-NORP
shoplifter	O
Claude	B-PERSON
A.	I-PERSON
Allen	I-PERSON
.	O


The	O
quote	O
below	O
is	O
from	O
the	O
LaRouchies	B-NORP
--	O
and	O
thus	O
,	O
as	O
always	O
,	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
considered	O
100	B-PERCENT
%	I-PERCENT
reliable	O
--	O


but	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
it	O
fits	O
in	O
so	O
well	O
with	O
the	O
ongoing	O
discussion	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
tentatively	O
inclined	O
to	O
trust	O
it	O
:	O


DeLay	B-PERSON
's	O
career	O
and	O
power	O
became	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
a	O
central	O
project	O
for	O
all	O
three	B-CARDINAL
of	O
the	O
shadow	O
partners	O
,	O
Grover	B-PERSON
Norquist	I-PERSON
,	O
Jack	B-PERSON
Abramoff	I-PERSON
and	O
Ralph	B-PERSON
Reed	I-PERSON
.	O


DeLay	B-PERSON
was	O
by	O
no	O
means	O
a	O
random	O
point	O
of	O
interest	O
.	O


Tom	B-PERSON
DeLay	I-PERSON
staggered	O
into	O
Washington	B-GPE
as	O
a	O
freshman	O
Congressman	O
in	O
1984	B-DATE
,	O
a	O
terrible	O
drunk	O
,	O
his	O
life	O
dissolving	O
.	O


Rep.	O
Frank	B-PERSON
Wolf	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R	B-NORP
-	O
Va.	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
approached	O
him	O
with	O
a	O
road	O
to	O
salvation	O
.	O


He	O
reportedly	O
showed	O
DeLay	B-PERSON
a	O
videotape	O
that	O
made	O
him	O
weep	O
.	O


Tom	B-PERSON
DeLay	I-PERSON
then	O
radically	O
changed	O
his	O
life	O
,	O
turning	O
his	O
soul	O
over	O
to	O
higher	O
powers	O
.	O


But	O
by	O
all	O
reliable	O
accounts	O
,	O
DeLay	B-PERSON
became	O
a	O
much	O
nastier	O
,	O
a	O
fearsomely	O
un-Christian	B-NORP
individual	O
.	O


Frank	B-PERSON
Wolf	I-PERSON
represented	O
an	O
old	O
``	O
black	O
operations	O
''	O
soul	O
-	O
robbing	O
agency	O
known	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
.	O


Practicing	O
secrecy	O
on	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
level	O
as	O
the	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
does	O
conduct	O
one	B-CARDINAL
public	O
function	O
--	O


it	O
runs	O
the	O
huge	O
annual	O
Congressional	O
/	O
Presidential	O
Prayer	O
Breakfast	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
,	O
with	O
similar	O
events	O
managed	O
inside	O
the	O
Pentagon	B-FAC
and	O
at	O
other	O
government	O
and	O
military	O
sites	O
.	O


The	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
earlier	O
called	O
International	B-ORG
Christian	I-ORG
Leadership	I-ORG
and	O
a	O
succession	O
of	O
cover	O
names	O
-RRB-	O
was	O
created	O
before	O
World	B-EVENT
War	I-EVENT
II	I-EVENT
by	O
the	O
organization	O
of	O
the	O
pro-Nazi	B-NORP
Frank	B-PERSON
Buchman	I-PERSON
.	O


Sen.	O
H.	B-PERSON
Alexander	I-PERSON
Smith	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R	B-NORP
-	O
N.J.	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
,	O
Buchman	B-PERSON
's	O
lieutenant	O
who	O
in	O
1940	B-DATE
had	O
called	O
for	O
a	O
joint	O
world	O
dictatorship	O
of	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
,	O
Britain	B-GPE
,	O
and	O
Nazi	B-NORP
Germany	B-GPE
,	O
brought	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
into	O
acceptance	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
.	O


In	O
the	O
1950s	B-DATE
,	O
the	O
group	O
was	O
sponsored	O
by	O
former	O
Nazi	B-NORP
SS	O
officer	O
,	O
Holland	B-GPE
's	O
Prince	B-PERSON
Bernhard	I-PERSON
,	O
and	O
the	O
Dutch	B-NORP
royal	O
family	O
.	O


The	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
runs	O
a	O
house	O
near	O
the	B-FAC
U.S.	I-FAC
Capitol	I-FAC
,	O
where	O
Congressmen	O
and	O
Senators	O
,	O
who	O
are	O
members	O
,	O
live	O
.	O


For	O
example	O
,	O
Sen.	O
Sam	B-PERSON
Brownback	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R	B-NORP
-	O
Kans.	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
,	O
the	O
delirious	O
End	O
-	O
Timer	O
,	O
has	O
lived	O
in	O
the	O
cult	O
's	O
house	O
in	O
Washington	B-GPE
.	O


Raytheon	B-ORG
CEO	O
Tom	B-PERSON
Phillips	I-PERSON
and	O
other	O
figures	O
in	O
the	O
military	O
-	O
industrial	O
complex	O
,	O
pay	O
the	O
bills	O
.	O


The	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
specializes	O
in	O
taking	O
over	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
potentially	O
powerful	O
individuals	O
who	O
have	O
become	O
somehow	O
ruined	O
,	O
and	O
promising	O
them	O
dominion	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
if	O
they	O
will	O
play	O
along	O
.	O


Watergate	B-EVENT
dirty	O
-	O
trickster	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Colson	I-PERSON
,	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
on	O
his	O
way	O
to	O
prison	O
and	O
suddenly	O
powerless	O
,	O
was	O
recruited	O
,	O
and	O
turned	O
his	O
life	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
.	O


Colson	B-PERSON
's	O
Prison	B-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
Ministries	I-ORG
is	O
a	O
subordinate	O
unit	O
of	O
the	O
cult	O
,	O
with	O
its	O
tentacles	O
in	O
most	O
prisons	O
in	O
the	B-GPE
United	I-GPE
States	I-GPE
.	O


After	O
Tom	B-PERSON
DeLay	I-PERSON
was	O
zapped	O
,	O
Charles	B-PERSON
Colson	I-PERSON
became	O
DeLay	B-PERSON
's	O
personal	O
guru	O
.	O


Colson	B-PERSON
's	O
militancy	O
for	O
the	O
End	O
-	O
Times	O
war	O
on	O
Muslims	B-NORP
has	O
made	O
him	O
a	O
congenial	O
companion	O
to	O
Jack	B-PERSON
Abramoff	I-PERSON
in	O
their	O
keeping	O
of	O
DeLay	B-PERSON
--	O
Abramoff	B-PERSON
has	O
repeatedly	O
led	O
Tom	B-PERSON
to	O
Israel	B-GPE
to	O
call	O
for	O
all	O
-	O
out	O
war	O
against	O
the	O
Arabs	B-NORP
.	O


And	O
Christian	B-ORG
Coalition	I-ORG
co-founder	O
Pat	B-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
was	O
himself	O
a	O
product	O
of	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
magic	O
.	O


Robertson	B-PERSON
was	O
the	O
good	O
-	O
for	O
-	O
nothing	O
playboy	O
son	O
of	O
Sen.	O
A.	B-PERSON
Willis	I-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
-LRB-	O
R	B-NORP
-	O
Va.	B-GPE
-RRB-	O
,	O
the	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	B-ORG
Senate	I-ORG
Finance	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
.	O


Pat	B-PERSON
began	O
speaking	O
in	O
tongues	O
and	O
uttering	O
prophecies	O
under	O
the	O
guidance	O
of	O
Harald	B-PERSON
Bredesen	I-PERSON
,	O
a	O
master	O
training	O
agent	O
of	O
the	O
Fellowship	B-ORG
group	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
proved	O
himself	O
to	O
the	O
highest	O
circles	O
of	O
British	B-NORP
intelligence	O
.	O


Pat	B-PERSON
Robertson	I-PERSON
started	O
off	O
as	O
assistant	O
pastor	O
to	O
Bredesen	B-PERSON
,	O
whose	O
intelligence	O
partners	O
,	O
the	B-ORG
Full	I-ORG
Gospel	I-ORG
Businessmen	I-ORG
's	I-ORG
Fellowship	I-ORG
,	O
raised	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
expand	O
Robertson	B-PERSON
's	O
and	O
Bredesen	B-PERSON
's	O
Virginia	B-GPE
-	O
based	O
Christian	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
Network	I-ORG
-LRB-	O
CBN	B-ORG
-RRB-	O
toward	O
global	O
power	O
status	O
.	O


The	O
sentence	O
I	O
put	O
in	O
boldface	O
is	O
*extremely*	O
interesting	O
.	O


Was	O
n't	O
there	O
a	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
video	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
envisioning	O
himself	O
as	O
ruler	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
or	O
some	O
such	O
?	O


to	O
anonymous	B-PERSON
9:30	I-PERSON
re	O
cults	O
:	O


``	O
The	O
reason	O
fear	O
can	O
arise	O
so	O
strongly	O
is	O
that	O
you	O
already	O
have	O
a	O
very	O
strong	O
experience	O
of	O
being	O
brainwashed	O
and	O
used	O
in	O
cultish	O
behavior	O
.	O


This	O
cult	O
is	O
called	O
society	O
and	O
its	O
'	O
cult	O
-	O
ure	O
'	O
gives	O
rise	O
to	O
suffering	O
.	O


If	O
you	O
look	O
closely	O
,	O
everything	O
that	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
cult	O
behavior	O
can	O
lisewise	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
society	O
's	O
behavior	O
.	O


The	O
same	O
means	O
of	O
control	O
are	O
used	O
:	O
the	O
constant	O
reinforcement	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
helpless	O
without	O
society	O
,	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
survive	O
without	O
obeying	O
its	O
rules	O
and	O
that	O
you	O
will	O
go	O
to	O
hell	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
obey	O
the	O
tenets	O
of	O
its	O
religion	O
.	O
''	O


--	O
Gangaji	B-PERSON


this	O
site	O
monitors	O
Janet	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
weight	O
!	O


http://www.egotastic.com/entertainment/celebrities/janet-jackson/janet-jackson-is-too-fat-to-sing	O


Anonymous	B-PERSON
One	I-PERSON
,	O
I	O
recall	O
reading	O
somewhere	O
that	O
Lisa	B-PERSON
Marie	I-PERSON
was	O
a	O
member	O
of	O
L.Ron	B-PERSON
's	O
cult	O
.	O


You	O
will	O
notice	O
that	O
Michael	B-PERSON
's	O
real	O
troubles	O
started	O
after	O
he	O
suied	O
Sony	B-ORG
chief	O
Tommy	B-PERSON
Mattola	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
was	O
heard	O
to	O
say	O
``	O
he	O
'll	O
live	O
to	O
regret	O
the	O
day	B-DATE
''	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
ever	O
think	O
of	O
fucken	O
with	O
the	O
evil	O
bastards	O
in	O
the	O
Music	O
biz	O
,	O
later	O
.	O


Here	O
's	O
a	O
description	O
of	O
that	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
item	O
I	O
was	O
remembering	O
:	O


By	O
the	O
time	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
1995	B-DATE
's	O
HIStory	B-WORK_OF_ART
album	O
--	O
a	O
double	O
album	O
of	O
greatest	O
hits	O
and	O
new	O
tracks	O
--	O
approached	O
,	O
Michael	B-PERSON
had	O
fully	O
realized	O
a	O
new	O
perception	O
of	O
himself	O
,	O
one	O
that	O
was	O
truly	O
larger	O
than	O
life	O
.	O


HIStory	B-WORK_OF_ART
was	O
hyped	O
with	O
a	O
four	B-CARDINAL
-	O
minute	B-TIME
teaser	O
video	O
.	O


This	O
extravagant	O
production	O
begins	O
with	O
a	O
colossal	O
army	O
goose	O
-	O
stepping	O
through	O
a	O
European	B-NORP
city	O
in	O
crisp	O
,	O
tan	O
uniforms	O
,	O
waving	O
red	O
flags	O
and	O
sporting	O
red	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
black	O
insignias	O
.	O


Military	O
music	O
pounds	O
.	O


Crowds	O
swell	O
at	O
the	O
sidelines	O
,	O
screaming	O
and	O
crying	O
.	O


The	O
implication	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
these	O
men	O
represent	O
Nazis	B-NORP
.	O


But	O
then	O
,	O
their	O
leader	O
is	O
revealed	O
to	O
be	O
Michael	B-PERSON
,	O
marching	O
right	O
up	O
front	O
.	O


When	O
peasant	O
workers	O
break	O
free	O
to	O
touch	O
Michael	B-PERSON
,	O
they	O
are	O
immediately	O
swallowed	O
by	O
soldiers	O
.	O


Suddenly	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
night	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
tarp	O
-	O
covered	O
,	O
skyscraper	O
-	O
sized	O
structure	O
looms	O
over	O
the	O
poor	O
nation	O
as	O
choppers	O
spray	O
spotlights	O
across	O
it	O
.	O


Brainwashed	O
fans	O
scream	O
,	O
salute	O
with	O
one	B-CARDINAL
arm	O
and	O
light	O
candles	O
with	O
religious	O
zeal	O
.	O


Signs	O
proclaiming	O
``	O
King	B-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
Pop	I-PERSON
,	O
''	O
a	O
title	O
Michael	B-PERSON
disavowed	O
to	O
Oprah	B-PERSON
only	O
two	B-DATE
years	I-DATE
earlier	I-DATE
,	O
are	O
everywhere	O
,	O
emphasizing	O
the	O
word	O
``	O
King	O
.	O
''	O


Finally	O
,	O
the	O
tarp	O
drops	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
a	O
gargantuan	O
,	O
bronze	O
statue	O
of	O
Michael	B-PERSON
,	O
fists	O
clenched	O
defiantly	O
,	O
his	O
star	O
insignia	O
prominent	O
,	O
yet	O
his	O
face	O
still	O
somehow	O
child	O
-	O
like	O
and	O
unthreatening	O
.	O


The	O
video	O
is	O
a	O
highly	O
disturbing	O
piece	O
of	O
work	O
.	O


His	O
bloated	O
sense	O
of	O
importance	O
is	O
not	O
only	O
chilling	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
threatening	O
.	O


Suddenly	O
,	O
Michael	B-PERSON
's	O
perfect	O
world	O
of	O
Oz	B-LOC
/	O
Neverland	B-LOC
is	O
forced	O
to	O
be	O
compared	O
with	O
an	B-ORG
Aryan	I-ORG
Nation	I-ORG
,	O
one	O
that	O
substitutes	O
children	O
for	O
Hitler	B-PERSON
's	O
master	O
race	O
.	O


Large	O
image	O
of	O
the	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
HIStory	B-WORK_OF_ART
statue	O
.	O


There	O
is	O
some	O
sort	O
of	O
an	O
emblem	O
with	O
a	O
star	O
on	O
his	O
shoulder	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
at	O
an	O
angle	O
and	O
not	O
easy	O
to	O
make	O
out	O
clearly	O
.	O


''	O
...	O
a	O
haughty	O
spirit	O
goeth	O
before	O
a	O
fall	O
.	O
''	O


BTW	O
-	O
and	O
off	O
topic	O
:	O


Check	O
out	O
this	O
superb	O
psyop	O
image	O
.	O


Jeff	B-PERSON
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
even	O
you	O
could	O
do	O
better	O
than	O
this	O
:	O


http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11800917/	O


Remember	O
who	O
Janet	B-PERSON
shared	O
the	O
stage	O
with	O
at	O
the	O
Superbowl	B-EVENT
?	O


Yes	O
,	O
you	O
remember	O
correctly	O
:	O
former	O
Mousketeer	O
Justin	B-PERSON
Timberlake	I-PERSON
.	O


Hmmm	O
.	O


The	O
plot	O
thickens	O
.	O


JW's	B-NORP
and	O
child	O
abuse	O
.	O


http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/live_forums/2124808.stm	O


BTW	O
Jeff	B-PERSON
-	O
I	O
'd	O
caught	O
the	O
Geller	B-PERSON
/	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
connection	O
a	O
while	O
back	O
and	O
posted	O
on	O
the	O
discussion	O
board	O
.	O


Fascinating	O
how	O
this	O
all	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
inter-related	O
.	O


hmmm	O
...	O


in	O
March	B-DATE
2003	I-DATE
Jackson	B-PERSON
distraction	O
-	O
o	O
-	O
mania	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
media	O
smokescreen	O
that	O
led	O
up	O
the	B-EVENT
Iraq	I-EVENT
war	I-EVENT
...	O


and	O
now	O
Fox	B-ORG
news	I-ORG
and	O
other	O
rabid	O
-	O
right	O
media	O
outlets	O
have	O
once	O
again	O
taken	O
to	O
whipping	O
on	O
Jackson	B-PERSON
...	O


-LRB-	O
like	O
any	O
sane	O
people	O
really	O
care	O
about	O
what	O
the	O
hell	O
MJ	B-PERSON
is	O
doing	O
any	O
more	O
.	O
-RRB-	O


A	O
signs	O
of	O
another	O
impending	O
misadventure	O
in	O
the	O
mideast	B-LOC
?	O


And	O
what	O
's	O
with	O
Uri	B-PERSON
Geller	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
links	O
to	O
MJ	B-PERSON
?	O


Anyone	O
else	O
smell	O
a	O
whiff	O
of	O
that	O
whole	O
Prophet	B-PERSON
Yahweh	I-PERSON
sideshow	O
from	O
awhile	O
back	O
?	O
trivial	O
,	O
but	O
here	O
's	O
stargods	B-PERSON
'	O
comprehensive	O
analysis	O
of	O
jacko	B-PERSON
:	O


regarding	O
the	O
JW	B-ORG
reference	O
.	O


I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
we	O
need	O
see	O
a	O
plot	O
in	O
every	O
wood	O
pile	O
.	O


The	O
JW	B-ORG
considers	O
itself	O
THE	O
kingdom	O
of	O
God	O
on	O
earth	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
'	O
Kindom	O
Hall	O
'	O
-RRB-	O


So	O
it	O
is	O
only	O
to	O
be	O
expected	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
see	O
a	O
reason	O
to	O
run	O
to	O
and	O
report	O
everything	O
to	O
the	O
government	O
.	O


The	O
same	O
goes	O
for	O
the	B-ORG
Roman	I-ORG
Catholic	I-ORG
Church	I-ORG
.	O


But	O
the	O
RCC	B-ORG
has	O
had	O
a	O
widespread	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
doubltlessly	O
because	O
their	O
policy	O
/	O
doctrine	O
of	O
a	O
celibate	O
priesthood	O
simply	O
attracts	O
these	O
deviants	O
.	O


I	O
doubt	O
any	O
such	O
problem	O
exist	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
proportionate	O
scale	O
in	O
the	O
JW	B-ORG
heirarchy	O
.	O


Besides	O
that	O
,	O
ca	O
n't	O
you	O
see	O
the	O
embedded	O
mind	O
control	O
in	O
that	O
article	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
all	O
general	O
media	O
output	O
.	O


The	O
Message	O
Is	O
:	O
``	O
Big	O
Brother	O
must	O
be	O
informed	O
!	O


Only	O
Big	O
Brother	O
can	O
manage	O
society	O
!	O
''	O


See	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
Hegelian	O
dialectic	O
at	O
work	O
.	O


Eveyone	O
needs	O
to	O
sharpen	O
their	O
awareness	O
of	O
this	O
shit	O
.	O


As	O
long	O
as	O
Big	O
Brother	O
is	O
the	O
answer	O
for	O
everything	O
,	O
Big	O
Brother	O
will	O
BE	O
everything	O
.	O


-LRB-	O
If	O
people	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
their	O
kids	O
pederastized	O
,	O
but	O
yet	O
they	O
entrust	O
them	O
to	O
'	O
guys	O
in	O
gowns	O
'	O
I	O
just	O
wonder	O
what	O
the	O
hell	O
are	O
they	O
thinking	O
anyway	O
?	O
-RRB-	O


I	O
'd	O
watch	O
the	O
Peter	B-PERSON
Pan	I-PERSON
speculations	O
,	O
unless	O
you	O
know	O
what	O
versions	O
you	O
are	O
discussing	O
and	O
can	O
differentiate	O
between	O
them	O
accurately	O
.	O


Some	O
of	O
the	O
assumptions	O
I	O
've	O
seen	O
-LRB-	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
couple	O
made	O
by	O
Tim	B-PERSON
Boucher	I-PERSON
and	O
Fantastic	B-ORG
Planet	I-ORG
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
postings	O
linked	O
here	O
-RRB-	O
may	O
have	O
looked	O
like	O
they	O
worked	O
to	O
support	O
their	O
thesis	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
actuality	O
have	O
either	O
a	O
tenuous	O
or	O
no	O
connection	O
to	O
the	O
core	O
Peter	B-PERSON
Pan	I-PERSON
mythos	O
.	O


Do	O
n't	O
make	O
up	O
things	O
like	O
Peter	B-PERSON
abducting	O
children	O
that	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
substantiate	O
.	O


Peter	B-PERSON
Pan	I-PERSON
was	O
a	O
work	O
in	O
progress	O
for	O
JM	B-PERSON
Barrie	I-PERSON
,	O
who	O
kept	O
tinkering	O
with	O
it	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
.	O


To	O
understand	O
what	O
it	O
actually	O
means	O
to	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
and	O
what	O
you	O
might	O
speculate	O
he	O
is	O
enacting	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
know	O
where	O
on	O
the	O
continuum	O
of	O
Peter	B-PERSON
Pans	I-PERSON
his	O
internalized	O
Peter	B-PERSON
-LRB-	O
no	O
,	O
not	O
THAT	O
kind	O
of	O
peter	O
-RRB-	O
lies	O
.	O


Novel	O
,	O
play	O
?	O


Musical	O
,	O
cartoon	O
?	O


Shadow	O
of	O
a	O
shadow	O
of	O
a	O
remembered	O
story	O
?	O


In	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
oldest	O
versions	O
,	O
Peter	B-WORK_OF_ART
Pan	I-WORK_OF_ART
in	I-WORK_OF_ART
Kensington	I-WORK_OF_ART
Gardens	I-WORK_OF_ART
-LRB-	O
extracted	O
from	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Little	I-WORK_OF_ART
White	I-WORK_OF_ART
Bird	I-WORK_OF_ART
-RRB-	O
,	O
is	O
only	O
a	O
week	B-DATE
old	I-DATE
.	O


He	O
escaped	O
from	O
his	O
home	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
seven	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
because	O
he	O
remembered	O
how	O
he	O
could	O
fly	O
when	O
he	O
was	O
a	O
bird	O
before	O
he	O
was	O
a	O
human	O
,	O


and	O
that	O
wildness	O
is	O
still	O
in	O
him	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
with	O
all	O
children	O
.	O


Barrie	B-PERSON
's	O
only	O
cryptic	O
instructions	O
on	O
character	O
development	O
to	O
Nina	B-PERSON
Boucicault	I-PERSON
,	O
the	O
first	O
actress	O
to	O
play	O
Peter	B-PERSON
,	O
was	O
that	O
she	O
was	O
to	O
remember	O
that	O
Peter	B-PERSON
is	O
a	O
bird	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
one	B-DATE
day	I-DATE
old	I-DATE
.	O


In	O
Kensington	B-WORK_OF_ART
Gardens	I-WORK_OF_ART
he	O
watches	O
out	O
for	O
children	O
who	O
have	O
fallen	O
un-noticed	O
out	O
of	O
their	O
perambulators	O
.	O


If	O
a	O
bad	O
fairy	O
finds	O
them	O
,	O
or	O
they	O
perish	O
from	O
the	O
cold	O
an	O
dark	O
overnight	O
in	O
the	O
park	O
,	O
Peter	B-PERSON
digs	O
them	O
graves	O
and	O
makes	O
them	O
headstones	O
.	O


In	O
Peter	B-WORK_OF_ART
and	I-WORK_OF_ART
Wendy	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
the	O
Lost	O
Boys	O
are	O
the	O
ones	O
who	O
fall	O
out	O
of	O
their	O
perambulators	O
when	O
their	O
nurse	O
is	O
not	O
looking	O
.	O


If	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
claimed	O
in	O
seven	B-DATE
days	I-DATE
,	O
``	O
they	O
are	O
sent	O
far	O
away	O
to	O
the	O
Neverland	B-LOC
to	O
defray	O
expenses	O
.	O
''	O


A	O
far	O
cry	O
from	O
the	O
stealing	O
of	O
children	O
.	O


Peter	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
Lost	O
Boys	O
crave	O
a	O
mother	O
to	O
tell	O
them	O
stories	O
.	O


It	O
's	O
ironic	O
that	O
while	O
their	O
own	O
lives	O
are	O
far	O
more	O
exotic	O
than	O
the	O
fairy	O
tales	O
Wendy	B-PERSON
tells	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
those	O
fictions	O
that	O
they	O
want	O
,	O
told	O
by	O
a	O
mother	O
.	O


Barrie	B-PERSON
says	O
quite	O
explicitly	O
in	O
Peter	B-WORK_OF_ART
and	I-WORK_OF_ART
Wendy	I-WORK_OF_ART
that	O
it	O
is	O
Wendy	B-PERSON
who	O
does	O
the	O
tempting	O
to	O
keep	O
Peter	B-PERSON
with	O
her	O
,	O
not	O
the	O
other	O
way	O
around	O
.	O


It	O
is	O
she	O
who	O
asks	O
if	O
Michael	B-PERSON
and	O
John	B-PERSON
could	O
come	O
too	O
.	O


If	O
those	O
of	O
you	O
with	O
the	O
abduction	O
theory	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
give	O
specific	O
quotes	O
and	O
information	O
on	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
shown	O
that	O
Peter	B-PERSON
abducted	O
the	O
children	O
,	O
please	O
do	O
.	O


But	O
I	O
think	O
you	O
are	O
making	O
it	O
up	O
from	O
a	O
version	O
that	O
does	O
n't	O
exist	O
in	O
reality	O
,	O
or	O
that	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
tied	O
to	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
.	O


We	O
do	O
n't	O
gain	O
better	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
inner	O
workings	O
of	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
by	O
distorting	O
the	O
material	O
on	O
which	O
we	O
purportedly	O
base	O
our	O
theories	O
.	O


Jeff	B-PERSON
-	O
I	O
just	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
Rigorous	O
Intuition	O
Live365	O
channel	O
.	O


I	O
've	O
been	O
listening	O
to	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
last	O
couple	O
of	O
days	O
and	O
just	O
bought	O
Dylan	B-PERSON
's	O
'	O
Oh	B-WORK_OF_ART
Mercy	I-WORK_OF_ART
'	O
.	O


How	O
does	O
the	O
copyright	O
thing	O
work	O
on	O
a	O
Live365	O
stream	O
?	O


Avalon	B-PERSON
,	O
can	O
you	O
recommend	O
a	O
good	O
work	O
of	O
commentary	O
and	O
analysis	O
on	O
JM	B-PERSON
Barrie	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
works	O
?	O


-	B-PERSON
Sepka	I-PERSON
the	I-PERSON
Space	I-PERSON
Weasel	I-PERSON


Was	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
influenced	O
by	O
Bob	B-PERSON
Fosse	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
``	O
Snake	O
in	O
the	O
grass	O
''	O
character	O
from	O
the	O
1974	B-DATE
movie	O
The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Little	I-WORK_OF_ART
Prince	I-WORK_OF_ART
?	O


Has	O
anyone	O
else	O
seen	O
this	O
scene	O
?	O


Bob	B-PERSON
Fosse	I-PERSON
's	I-PERSON
snake	O
looks	O
and	O
moves	O
would	O
be	O
imitated	O
-LRB-	O
and	O
made	O
more	O
popular	O
-RRB-	O
years	B-DATE
later	I-DATE
by	O
the	B-PERSON
King	I-PERSON
of	I-PERSON
Pop	I-PERSON
,	O
Michael	B-PERSON
Jackson	I-PERSON
.	O


View	O
the	O
video	O
here	O
:	O
http://youtube.com/watch?v=L8mJsgPj1iU	O


About	O
the	O
JW	B-ORG
thing	O
,	O
I	O
work	O
with	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
them	O
-LRB-	O
BTW	O
,	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
respectable	O
people	O
I	O
know	O
.	O


Which	O
is	O
why	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
ask	O
...	O
-RRB-	O
,	O


and	O
I	O
had	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
ask	O
them	O
about	O
MJ	B-PERSON
and	O
the	O
child	O
abuse	O
,	O
if	O
they	O
knew	O
anything	O
.	O


About	O
MJ	B-PERSON
they	O
said	O
,	O
he	O
is	O
definately	O
not	O
a	O
JW	B-NORP
,	O
despite	O
what	O
he	O
says	O
.	O


Provocative	O
lyrics	O
and	O
grabbing	O
ones	O
crotch	O
in	O
public	O
,	O
does	O
n't	O
fit	O
with	O
their	O
defination	O
of	O
'	O
Christian	B-NORP
'	O
.	O


They	O
said	O
all	O
they	O
knew	O
was	O
that	O
his	O
mother	O
-LRB-	O
who	O
apparently	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
member	O
-RRB-	O
took	O
him	O
to	O
their	O
church	O
as	O
a	O
kid	O
.	O


The	O
father	O
apparently	O
had	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
involvement	O
at	O
all	O
.	O


As	O
for	O
the	O
child	O
abuse	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
agree	O
with	O
the	O
post	O
above	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
find	O
abuse	O
and	O
'	O
sick	O
'	O
individuals	O
in	O
ANY	O
organization	O
,	O


but	O
you	O
have	O
too	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
proportion	O
to	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
society	O
.	O


One	B-CARDINAL
of	O
my	O
friends	O
is	O
an	O
'	O
elder	O
'	O
-LRB-	O
soething	O
like	O
a	O
'	O
local	O
church	O
leader	O
'	O
-RRB-	O
,	O


but	O
he	O
also	O
said	O
their	O
instructions	O
say	O
that	O
if	O
they	O
hear	O
of	O
any	O
abuse	O
they	O
are	O
to	O
follow	O
local	O
laws	O
,	O
which	O
usually	O
requires	O
them	O
to	O
inform	O
the	O
police	O
ASAP	O
.	O


And	O
if	O
the	O
abuse	O
is	O
at	O
all	O
serious	O
to	O
report	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
police	O
regardless	O
.	O


Though	O
i	O
do	O
n't	O
agree	O
with	O
all	O
of	O
their	O
beliefs	O
,	O
I	O
know	O
these	O
guys	O
well	O
enough	O
to	O
call	O
them	O
friends	O
.	O


So	O
in	O
their	O
respect	O
,	O
after	O
reading	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
comments	O
,	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
their	O
side	O
before	O
passing	O
judgement	O
.	O


We	O
should	O
ALL	O
be	O
careful	O
not	O
to	O
pass	O
judgement	O
on	O
ENTIRE	O
groups	O
of	O
people	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
apparent	O
actions	O
of	O
a	O
few	O
.	O


That	O
is	O
what	O
Hitler	B-PERSON
tried	O
to	O
do	O
.	O


With	O
thiking	O
like	O
that	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
we	O
got	O
rid	O
of	O
the	O
evil	O
elite	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
set	O
of	O
'	O
evil	O
elite	O
'	O
would	O
rise	O
again	O
in	O
their	O
place	O
.	O


That	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
man	O
,	O
though	O
.	O


We	O
have	O
all	O
got	O
to	O
do	O
what	O
we	O
can	O
without	O
needlessly	O
attacking	O
the	O
innocent	O
.	O


Remember	O
,	O
group	O
hatred	O
only	O
plays	O
into	O
their	O
hands	O
,	O
be	O
it	O
racial	O
,	O
religious	O
,	O
or	O
class	O
.	O


Sepka	B-PERSON
,	O
the	O
two	B-CARDINAL
reference	O
books	O
I	O
have	O
on	O
Peter	B-PERSON
Pan	I-PERSON
are	O
:	O
Fifty	B-WORK_OF_ART
Years	I-WORK_OF_ART
of	I-WORK_OF_ART
Peter	I-WORK_OF_ART
Pan	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
Roger	B-PERSON
Lancelyn	I-PERSON
Green	I-PERSON
,	O
pub.	O
by	O
Peter	B-ORG
Davies	I-ORG
,	O
London	B-GPE
,	O
1954	B-DATE
.	O


It	O
's	O
pretty	O
scarce	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
,	O
though	O
you	O
might	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
copy	O
to	O
read	O
through	O
inter-library	O
loan	O
.	O


The	B-WORK_OF_ART
Peter	I-WORK_OF_ART
Pan	I-WORK_OF_ART
Chronicles	I-WORK_OF_ART
,	O
Bruce	B-PERSON
K.	I-PERSON
Hanson	I-PERSON
,	O
Birch	B-ORG
Lane	I-ORG
Press	I-ORG
,	O
NY	B-GPE
,	O
1993	B-DATE


I	O
have	O
n't	O
really	O
delved	O
into	O
Barrie	B-PERSON
's	O
psyche	O
from	O
the	O
biographical	O
end	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
Peter	B-WORK_OF_ART
and	I-WORK_OF_ART
Wendy	I-WORK_OF_ART
as	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
piece	O
of	O
writing	O
that	O
has	O
always	O
fascinated	O
me	O
.	O


...	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
listen	O
to	O
``	O
My	B-WORK_OF_ART
Way	I-WORK_OF_ART
''	O
by	O
sinatra	B-PERSON
,	O
backwards	O
,	O
the	O
real	O
answer	O
will	O
be	O
revealed	O
.	O


http://stargods.org/MasonicMichaelJackson.htm	O


Uri	B-PERSON
Geller	I-PERSON
was	O
one	B-CARDINAL
of	O
MJ	B-PERSON
's	O
handlers	O
apparently	O
.	O