Care And Readiness Enhancement for Reservists Act of 2017

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Care And Readiness Enhancement for 
Reservists Act of 2017'' or the ``CARE for Reservists Act of 2017''.

SEC. 2. EXPANSION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR READJUSTMENT COUNSELING AND 
              RELATED OUTPATIENT SERVICES FROM DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS 
              AFFAIRS TO INCLUDE MEMBERS OF THE RESERVE COMPONENTS OF 
              THE ARMED FORCES.

    (a) Readjustment Counseling.--Subsection (a)(1) of section 1712A of 
title 38, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
following new subparagraph:
    ``(D)(i) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Defense, may furnish to any member of the reserve components of the 
Armed Forces who has a behavioral health condition or psychological 
trauma, counseling under subparagraph (A)(i), which may include a 
comprehensive individual assessment under subparagraph (B)(i).
    ``(ii) A member of the reserve components of the Armed Forces 
described in clause (i) shall not be required to obtain a referral 
before being furnished counseling or an assessment under this 
subparagraph.''.
    (b) Outpatient Services.--Subsection (b) of such section is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by inserting ``to an individual'' after ``If, 
                on the basis of the assessment furnished''; and
                    (B) by striking veteran each place it appears and 
                inserting ``individual''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``veteran'' and inserting 
        ``individual''.
    (c) Staffing and Resources of the Department of Veterans Affairs.--
            (1) Vet centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In order to properly plan for any 
                expansion of services provided as a result of the 
                amendments made by subsections (a) and (b), the 
                Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall evaluate current 
                and future workload under section 1712A of title 38, 
                United States Code, as amended by subsections (a) and 
                (b), to determine whether more Vet Centers, including 
                mobile Vet Centers, are needed to handle such 
                expansion.
                    (B) Discussions regarding memoranda of 
                understanding.--If, at a Vet Center, workload treating 
                members of the Armed Forces exceeds workload treating 
                veterans, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall enter 
                into discussions with the Secretary of Defense to 
                determine whether a reimbursable memorandum of 
                understanding between the Department of Veterans 
                Affairs and the Department of Defense is warranted with 
                respect to services provided at that Vet Center.
                    (C) Report.--Not later than one year after the date 
                of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans 
                Affairs shall submit to the Committee on Veterans' 
                Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
                Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the 
                Committee on Veterans' Affairs, the Committee on Armed 
                Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives a report on--
                            (i) the evaluation conducted under 
                        subparagraph (A); and
                            (ii) any discussions between the Secretary 
                        of Veterans Affairs and the Secretary of 
                        Defense under subparagraph (B).
            (2) Readjustment counseling service.--The Secretary of 
        Veterans Affairs shall ensure that the Chief Officer of the 
        Readjustment Counseling Service of the Veterans Health 
        Administration has such staff, resources, and access to 
        information as may be necessary to carry out the expansion of 
        services resulting from the amendments made by subsections (a) 
        and (b).
            (3) Vet center defined.--In this subsection, the term ``Vet 
        Center'' has the meaning given that term in section 1712A(h) of 
        title 38, United States Code.
    (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) 
shall take effect on the date that is 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. PROVISION OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES FROM DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS 
              AFFAIRS TO MEMBERS OF THE RESERVE COMPONENTS OF THE ARMED 
              FORCES.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter VIII of chapter 17 of title 38, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
``Sec. 1788. Mental health services for members of the reserve 
              components of the Armed Forces
    ``The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, may 
furnish mental health services to members of the reserve components of 
the Armed Forces.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 17 of such title is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 1787 the following new item:

``1788. Mental health services for members of the reserve components of 
                            the Armed Forces.''.

SEC. 4. INCLUSION OF MEMBERS OF RESERVE COMPONENTS IN MENTAL HEALTH 
              PROGRAMS OF DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS.

    (a) Suicide Prevention Program.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1720F of title 38, United States 
        Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new 
        subsection:
    ``(l)(1) Covered Individual Defined.--In this section, the term 
`covered individual' means a veteran or a member of the reserve 
components of the Armed Forces.
    ``(2) In determining coverage of members of the reserve components 
of the Armed Forces under the comprehensive program, the Secretary 
shall consult with the Secretary of Defense.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--Such section is further 
        amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``veterans'' and 
                inserting ``covered individuals'';
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``veterans'' 
                each place it appears and inserting ``covered 
                individuals'';
                    (C) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                        ``of Veterans'';
                            (ii) by striking ``veterans'' each place it 
                        appears and inserting ``covered individuals''; 
                        and
                            (iii) by striking ``veteran'' and inserting 
                        ``individual'';
                    (D) in subsection (d), by striking ``to veterans'' 
                each place it appears and inserting ``to covered 
                individuals'';
                    (E) in subsection (e), in the matter preceding 
                paragraph (1), by striking ``veterans'' and inserting 
                ``covered individuals'';
                    (F) in subsection (f)--
                            (i) in the first sentence, by striking 
                        ``veterans'' and inserting ``covered 
                        individuals''; and
                            (ii) in the second sentence, by inserting 
                        ``or members'' after ``veterans'';
                    (G) in subsection (g), by striking ``veterans'' and 
                inserting ``covered individuals'';
                    (H) in subsection (h), by striking ``veterans'' and 
                inserting ``covered individuals'';
                    (I) in subsection (i)--
                            (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                        ``for Veterans and Families'';
                            (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
                        by striking ``veterans and the families of 
                        veterans'' and inserting ``covered individuals 
                        and the families of covered individuals'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                        ``veterans'' and inserting ``covered 
                        individuals''; and
                            (iv) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``veterans'' each place it appears and 
                        inserting ``covered individuals'';
                    (J) in subsection (j)(1), by striking ``veterans'' 
                each place it appears and inserting ``covered 
                individuals''; and
                    (K) in subsection (k), by striking ``veterans'' and 
                inserting ``covered individuals''.
            (3) Clerical amendments.--
                    (A) In general.--Such section is further amended, 
                in the section heading, by inserting ``and members of 
                the reserve components of the armed forces'' after 
                ``veterans''.
                    (B) Table of sections.--The table of sections at 
                the beginning of chapter 17 of such title is amended by 
                striking the item relating to section 1720F and 
                inserting the following new item:

``1720F. Comprehensive program for suicide prevention among veterans 
                            and members of the reserve components of 
                            the Armed Forces.''.
    (b) Mental Health Treatment for Individuals Who Served in 
Classified Missions.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1720H of such title is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by striking ``eligible 
                                veteran'' and inserting ``eligible 
                                individual''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``the veteran'' 
                                and inserting ``the individual'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking 
                        ``eligible veterans'' and inserting ``eligible 
                        individuals'';
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) by striking ``a veteran'' and inserting 
                        ``an individual''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``eligible veteran'' and 
                        inserting ``eligible individual''; and
                    (C) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) in paragraph (2), in the matter 
                        preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``The 
                        term `eligible veteran' means a veteran'' and 
                        inserting ``The term `eligible individual' 
                        means a veteran or a member of the reserve 
                        components of the Armed Forces''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking 
                        ``eligible veteran'' and inserting ``eligible 
                        individual''.
            (2) Clerical amendments.--
                    (A) In general.--Such section is further amended, 
                in the section heading, by inserting ``and members of 
                the reserve components of the armed forces'' after 
                ``veterans''.
                    (B) Table of sections.--The table of sections at 
                the beginning of chapter 17 of such title is amended by 
                striking the item relating to section 1720H and 
                inserting the following new item:

``1720H. Mental health treatment for veterans and members of the 
                            reserve components of the Armed Forces who 
                            served in classified missions.''.

SEC. 5. REPORT ON MENTAL HEALTH AND RELATED SERVICES PROVIDED BY THE 
              DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS TO MEMBERS OF THE ARMED 
              FORCES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall submit 
to the Committee on Veterans' Affairs and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Veterans' Affairs and 
the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives a 
report that includes an assessment of the following:
            (1) The increase, as compared to the day before the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, of the number of members of the 
        Armed Forces that use readjustment counseling or outpatient 
        mental health care from the Department of Veterans Affairs, 
        disaggregated by State, Vet Center location, and clinical care 
        site of the Department, as appropriate.
            (2) The number of members of the reserve component of the 
        Armed Forces receiving telemental health care from the 
        Department.
            (3) The increase, as compared to the day before the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, of the annual cost associated with 
        readjustment counseling and outpatient mental health care 
        provided by the Department to members of the reserve components 
        of the Armed Forces.
            (4) The changes, as compared to the day before the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, in staffing, training, organization, 
        and resources required for the Department to offer readjustment 
        counseling and outpatient mental health care to members of the 
        reserve components of the Armed Forces.
            (5) Any challenges the Department has encountered in 
        providing readjustment counseling and outpatient mental health 
        care to members of the reserve components of the Armed Forces.
    (b) Vet Center Defined.--In this section, the term ``Vet Center'' 
has the meaning given that term in section 1712A(h) of title 38, United 
States Code.

Summary: Care And Readiness Enhancement for Reservists Act of 2017 or the CARE for Reservists Act of 2017 This bill authorizes the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to provide counseling without referral, which may include a comprehensive individual assessment, to any member of the reserve components of the Armed Forces who has a behavioral health condition or psychological trauma. Outpatient services shall also be available to such reservists.  The VA shall evaluate current and future workloads to determine whether more Vet Centers, including mobile Vet Centers, are needed to handle an expansion of services resulting from such increased eligibility. If a Vet Center's workload treating members of the Armed Forces exceeds its workload treating veterans, the VA shall enter into discussions with the Department of Defense (DOD) to determine whether a reimbursable memorandum of understanding between the VA and DOD for the center's services is warranted. The VA may furnish mental health services to such reservists.  Such reservists are included in the VA programs of: (1) comprehensive suicide prevention, and (2) mental health treatment for veterans who served in classified missions.