To impose a tax on certain trading transactions to strengthen our financial security, expand opportunity, and stop shrinking the middle class.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Inclusive Prosperity Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The global financial crisis cost Americans $19 trillion 
        in lost wealth.
            (2) The global financial crisis was caused by financial 
        firms taking great financial risks without disclosing those 
        risks to their investors or their regulators, and by regulatory 
        failures to adequately police the financial services markets 
        for crime, unfair or deceptive practices, fraud, lack of 
        transparency, and mismanagement.
            (3) Deceptive, illegal, and speculative financial practices 
        have harmed public confidence in the integrity and fairness of 
        many United States financial institutions, and threaten the 
        basic strengths of the United States economic system.
            (4) American citizens provided the money to stabilize the 
        financial sector, making $600 billion available to 800 
        financial institutions, automakers, and insurance companies.
            (5) The global financial crisis, along with the wars, 
        unsustainable tax cuts, and a continuing unemployment crisis 
        and looming loss of unemployment benefits, if unaddressed, will 
        deprive a generation of a meaningful role in the larger 
        economy.
            (6) Nurses, teachers, public safety officers, and other 
        public sector workers have faced drastic funding cuts, harming 
        our long-term public safety and prospects for economic growth.
            (7) According to economists, a small tax on transfer of 
        ownership of every financial trade could generate hundreds of 
        billions annually in revenue, which when invested could help 
        create sufficient jobs in both the public and private sectors 
        to replace the 8 million jobs lost in the recent recession and 
        add even more jobs on an ongoing basis.
            (8) A transfer tax will help limit reckless short-term 
        speculation that threatens financial stability.
            (9) A securities transfer tax would have a negligible 
        impact on the average investor.
            (10) The United States had a transfer tax from 1914 to 
        1966: The Revenue Act of 1914 (Act of Oct. 22, 1914 (ch. 331, 
        38 Stat. 745)) levied a 0.2 percent tax on all sales or 
        transfers of stock which was doubled in 1932 to help overcome 
        the budgetary challenges during the Great Depression.
            (11) Forty nations have a financial transactions tax and 
        more than 1,000 economists have endorsed it.
            (12) Revenue generated by this tax will be available to--
                    (A) strengthen financial security and expand 
                opportunity for low- and moderate-income families, 
                including strengthening the social safety net and 
                expanding resources for child care, Social Security, 
                and savings incentives;
                    (B) expand resources for State and Federal 
                investments that protect our health, rebuild our 
                crumbling physical infrastructure, and create good 
                paying jobs by--
                            (i) expanding and improving Medicare and 
                        Medicaid;
                            (ii) investing in education, student debt 
                        relief, job training, public sector jobs, and 
                        green jobs;
                            (iii) providing housing assistance to low-
                        income households;
                            (iv) investing in transportation including 
                        transit and an infrastructure bank that 
                        promotes environmentally responsible domestic 
                        manufacturing and construction industries; and
                            (v) protecting our environment and building 
                        a clean energy economy, including efforts to 
                        combat climate change; and
                    (C) fund international sustainable prosperity 
                programs such as health care investments, AIDS 
                treatment, research and prevention programs, and 
                international assistance.

SEC. 3. TRANSACTION TAX.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 36 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is 
amended by inserting after subchapter B the following new subchapter:

              ``Subchapter C--Tax on Trading Transactions

``Sec. 4475. Tax on trading transactions.

``SEC. 4475. TAX ON TRADING TRANSACTIONS.

    ``(a) Imposition of Tax.--There is hereby imposed a tax on the 
transfer of ownership in each covered transaction with respect to any 
security.
    ``(b) Rate of Tax.--The tax imposed under subsection (a) with 
respect to any covered transaction shall be the applicable percentage 
of the specified base amount with respect to such covered transaction. 
The applicable percentage shall be--
            ``(1) 0.5 percent in the case of a security described in 
        subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (e)(1),
            ``(2) 0.10 percent in the case of a security described in 
        subparagraph (C) of subsection (e)(1), and
            ``(3) 0.005 percent in the case of a security described in 
        subparagraph (D), (E), or (F) of subsection (e)(1).
    ``(c) Specified Base Amount.--For purposes of this section, the 
term `specified base amount' means--
            ``(1) except as provided in paragraph (2), the fair market 
        value of the security (determined as of the time of the covered 
        transaction), and
            ``(2) in the case of any payment described in subsection 
        (h), the amount of such payment.
    ``(d) Covered Transaction.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`covered transaction' means--
            ``(1) except as provided in paragraph (2), any purchase 
        if--
                    ``(A) such purchase occurs or is cleared on a 
                facility located in the United States, or
                    ``(B) the purchaser or seller is a United States 
                person, and
            ``(2) any transaction with respect to a security described 
        in subparagraph (D), (E), or (F) of subsection (e)(1), if--
                    ``(A) such security is traded or cleared on a 
                facility located in the United States, or
                    ``(B) any party with rights under such security is 
                a United States person.
    ``(e) Security and Other Definitions.--For purposes of this 
section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `security' means--
                    ``(A) any share of stock in a corporation,
                    ``(B) any partnership or beneficial ownership 
                interest in a partnership or trust,
                    ``(C) any note, bond, debenture, or other evidence 
                of indebtedness, other than a State or local bond the 
                interest of which is excluded from gross income under 
                section 103(a),
                    ``(D) any evidence of an interest in, or a 
                derivative financial instrument with respect to, any 
                security or securities described in subparagraph (A), 
                (B), or (C),
                    ``(E) any derivative financial instrument with 
                respect to any currency or commodity including notional 
                principal contracts, and
                    ``(F) any other derivative financial instrument any 
                payment with respect to which is calculated by 
                reference to any specified index.
            ``(2) Derivative financial instrument.--The term 
        `derivative financial instrument' includes any option, forward 
        contract, futures contract, notional principal contract, or any 
        similar financial instrument.
            ``(3) Specified index.--The term `specified index' means 
        any 1 or more of any combination of--
                    ``(A) a fixed rate, price, or amount, or
                    ``(B) a variable rate, price, or amount, which is 
                based on any current objectively determinable 
                information which is not within the control of any of 
                the parties to the contract or instrument and is not 
                unique to any of the parties' circumstances.
            ``(4) Treatment of exchanges.--
                    ``(A) In general.--An exchange shall be treated as 
                the sale of the property transferred and a purchase of 
                the property received by each party to the exchange.
                    ``(B) Certain deemed exchanges.--In the case of a 
                distribution treated as an exchange for stock under 
                section 302 or 331, the corporation making such 
                distribution shall be treated as having purchased such 
                stock for purposes of this section.
    ``(f) Exceptions.--
            ``(1) Exception for initial issues.--No tax shall be 
        imposed under subsection (a) on any covered transaction with 
        respect to the initial issuance of any security described in 
        subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of subsection (e)(1).
            ``(2) Exception for certain traded short-term 
        indebtedness.--A note, bond, debenture, or other evidence of 
        indebtedness which--
                    ``(A) is traded on a trading facility located in 
                the United States, and
                    ``(B) has a fixed maturity of not more than 60 
                days,
        shall not be treated as described in subsection (e)(1)(C).
            ``(3) Exception for securities lending arrangements.--No 
        tax shall be imposed under subsection (a) on any covered 
        transaction with respect to which gain or loss is not 
        recognized by reason of section 1058.
    ``(g) By Whom Paid.--
            ``(1) In general.--The tax imposed by this section shall be 
        paid by--
                    ``(A) in the case of a transaction which occurs or 
                is cleared on a facility located in the United States, 
                such facility, and
                    ``(B) in the case of a purchase not described in 
                subparagraph (A) which is executed by a broker (as 
                defined in section 6045(c)(1)), the broker.
            ``(2) Special rules for direct, etc., transactions.--In the 
        case of any transaction to which paragraph (1) does not apply, 
        the tax imposed by this section shall be paid by--
                    ``(A) in the case of a transaction described in 
                subsection (d)(1)--
                            ``(i) the purchaser if the purchaser is a 
                        United States person, and
                            ``(ii) the seller if the purchaser is not a 
                        United States person, and
                    ``(B) in the case of a transaction described in 
                subsection (d)(2)--
                            ``(i) the payor if the payor is a United 
                        States person, and
                            ``(ii) the payee if the payor is not a 
                        United States person.
    ``(h) Certain Payments Treated as Separate Transactions.--Except as 
otherwise provided by the Secretary, any payment with respect to a 
security described in subparagraph (D), (E), or (F) of subsection 
(e)(1) shall be treated as a separate transaction for purposes of this 
section, including--
            ``(1) any net initial payment, net final or terminating 
        payment, or net periodical payment with respect to a notional 
        principal contract (or similar financial instrument),
            ``(2) any payment with respect to any forward contract (or 
        similar financial instrument), and
            ``(3) any premium paid with respect to any option (or 
        similar financial instrument).
    ``(i) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this section 
in consultation with the Securities and Exchange Commission and the 
Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
    ``(j) Guidance; Regulations.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) provide guidance regarding such information reporting 
        concerning covered transactions as the Secretary deems 
        appropriate, including reporting by the payor of the tax in 
        cases where the payor is not the purchaser, and
            ``(2) prescribe such regulations as are necessary or 
        appropriate to prevent avoidance of the purposes of this 
        section, including the use of non-United States persons in such 
        transactions.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of subchapters for chapter 36 of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to subchapter B the following new item:

             ``subchapter c. tax on trading transactions''.

    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to transactions after December 31, 2012.

SEC. 4. OFFSETTING CREDIT FOR FINANCIAL TRANSACTION TAX.

    (a) In General.--Subpart A of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to nonrefundable 
personal credits) is amended by inserting after section 25D the 
following new section:

``SEC. 25E. FINANCIAL TRANSACTION TAX PAYMENTS.

    ``(a) Allowance of Credit.--In the case of an individual, there 
shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter 
for the taxable year an amount equal to the tax paid during the taxable 
year under section 4475.
    ``(b) Limitation Based on Modified Adjusted Gross Income.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subsection (a) shall not apply to a 
        taxpayer for the taxable year if the modified adjusted gross 
        income of the taxpayer for the taxable year exceeds $50,000 
        ($75,000 in the case of a joint return and one-half of such 
        amount in the case of a married individual filing a separate 
        return).
            ``(2) Modified adjusted gross income.--For purposes of 
        paragraph (1), the term `modified adjusted gross income' means 
        adjusted gross income--
                    ``(A) determined without regard to sections 86, 
                893, 911, 931, and 933, and
                    ``(B) increased by the amount of interest received 
                or accrued by the taxpayer during the taxable year 
                which is exempt from tax.
            ``(3) Inflation adjustment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of any taxable year 
                beginning after 2013, each dollar amount referred to in 
                paragraph (1) shall be increased by an amount equal 
                to--
                            ``(i) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                            ``(ii) the cost-of-living adjustment 
                        determined under section (1)(f)(3) of the 
                        Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for the calendar 
                        year in which the taxable year begins, by 
                        substituting `2012' for `1992'.
                    ``(B) Rounding.--If any amount as adjusted under 
                clause (i) is not a multiple of $50, such amount shall 
                be rounded to the nearest multiple of $50.
    ``(c) Eligible Individual.--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `eligible individual' means, 
        with respect to any taxable year, an individual who--
                    ``(A) has attained the age of 18 as of the last day 
                of such taxable year, and
                    ``(B) is a citizen or lawful permanent resident 
                (within the meaning of section 7701(b)(6)) as of the 
                last day of such taxable year.
            ``(2) Certain individuals not eligible.--For purposes of 
        paragraph (1), an individual described in any of the following 
        provisions of this title for the preceding taxable year shall 
        not be treated as an eligible individual for the taxable year:
                    ``(A) An individual who is a student (as defined in 
                section 152(f)(2)) for the taxable year or the 
                immediately preceding taxable year.
                    ``(B) An individual who is a taxpayer described in 
                subsection (c), (d), or (e) of section 6402 for the 
                immediately preceding taxable year.
                    ``(C) A married individual who files a separate 
                return for the taxable year.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart A of 
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by 
inserting after the item relating to section 25D the following new 
item:

``Sec. 25E. Financial transaction tax payments.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall 
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.

Summary: Inclusive Prosperity Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) impose a tax on the transfer of ownership in certain securities, including any share of stock in a corporation, any partnership or beneficial interest in a partnership or trust, any note, bond, debenture, or other evidence of indebtedness (excluding tax-exempt municipal bonds), or derivative financial instruments; and (2) allow an individual taxpayer whose modified adjusted gross income does not exceed $50,000 a tax credit for the amount of tax paid on financial transactions under this Act.