Religious Liberty and Charitable Donation Protection Act of 1998

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Religious Liberty and Charitable 
Donation Protection Act of 1997''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 548(d) of title 11, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(3) In this section, the term `charitable contribution' means a 
charitable contribution, as that term is defined in section 170(c) of 
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, if that contribution--
            ``(A) is made by a natural person; and
            ``(B) consists of--
                    ``(i) a financial instrument (as that term is 
                defined in section 731(c)(2)(C) of the Internal Revenue 
                Code of 1986); or
                    ``(ii) cash.
    ``(4) In this section, the term `qualified religious or charitable 
entity or organization' means--
            ``(A) an entity described in section 170(c)(1) of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or
            ``(B) an entity or organization described in section 
        170(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.

SEC. 3. TREATMENT OF PREPETITION QUALIFIED CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 548(a) of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(a)'';
            (2) by striking ``(1) made'' and inserting ``(A) made'';
            (3) by striking ``(2)(A)'' and inserting ``(B)(i);
            (4) by striking ``(B)(i)'' and inserting ``(ii)(I)'';
            (5) by striking ``(ii) was'' and inserting ``(II) was'';
            (6) by striking ``(iii)'' and inserting ``(III)''; and
            (7) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(2) A transfer of a charitable contribution to a qualified 
religious or charitable entity or organization shall not be considered 
to be a transfer covered under paragraph (1)(B) in any case in which--
            ``(A) the amount of that contribution does not exceed 15 
        percent of the gross annual income of the debtor for the year 
        in which the transfer of the contribution is made; or
            ``(B) the contribution made by a debtor exceeded the 
        percentage amount of gross annual income specified in 
        subparagraph (A), if the transfer was consistent with the 
        practices of the debtor in making charitable contributions.''.
    (b) Trustee as Lien Creditor and as Successor to Certain Creditors 
and Purchasers.--Section 544(b) of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``(b) The trustee'' and inserting ``(b)(1) 
        Except as provided in paragraph (2), the trustee''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a transfer of a charitable 
contribution (as that term is defined in section 548(d)(3)) that is not 
covered under section 548(a)(1)(B), by reason of section 548(a)(2).''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--Section 546 of title 11, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) by striking ``548(a)(2)'' and inserting 
                ``548(a)(1)(B)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``548(a)(1)'' and inserting 
                ``548(a)(1)(A)'';
            (2) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) by striking ``548(a)(2)'' and inserting 
                ``548(a)(1)(B)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``548(a)(1)'' and inserting 
                ``548(a)(1)(A)''; and
            (3) in subsection (g)--
                    (A) by striking ``section 548(a)(1)'' each place it 
                appears and inserting ``section 548(a)(1)(A)''; and
                    (B) by striking ``548(a)(2)'' and inserting 
                ``548(a)(1)(B)''.

SEC. 4. TREATMENT OF POST-PETITION CHARITABLE CONTRIBUTIONS.

    (a) Confirmation of Plan.--Section 1325(b)(2)(A) of title 11, 
United States Code, is amended by inserting before the semicolon the 
following: ``, including charitable contributions (that meet the 
definition of `charitable contribution' under section 548(d)(3)) to a 
qualified religious or charitable entity or organization (as that term 
is defined in section 548(d)(4)) in an amount not to exceed 15 percent 
of the gross income of the debtor for the year in which the 
contributions are made''.
    (b) Dismissal.--Section 707(b) of title 11, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following: ``In making a determination 
whether to dismiss a case under this section, the court may not take 
into consideration whether a debtor has made, or continues to make, 
charitable contributions (that meet the definition of `charitable 
contribution' under section 548(d)(3)) to any qualified religious or 
charitable entity or organization (as that term is defined in section 
548(d)(4)).''.

SEC. 5. APPLICABILITY.

    This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall apply to any 
case brought under an applicable provision of title 11, United States 
Code, that is pending or commenced on or after the date of enactment of 
this Act.

SEC. 6. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in the amendments made by this Act is intended to limit the 
applicability of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993 (42 
U.S.C. 2002bb et seq.).

Summary: Religious Liberty and Charitable Donation Protection Act of 1998 - Amends Federal bankruptcy law with respect to avoidance by the trustee in bankruptcy of fraudulent transfers and obligations to cite circumstances under which a transfer of a charitable contribution to a qualified religious or charitable unit shall not be considered to be fraudulent.  Prohibits the trustee from avoiding such charitable contributions when acting as lien creditor and successor to certain creditors and purchasers. 
Excludes from "disposable income," for purposes of bankruptcy plan confirmation, up to 15 percent of the gross income of the debtor when it is expended for such charitable contributions. 
Prohibits the bankruptcy court, when it determines whether to dismiss a case, from taking into consideration whether a debtor makes charitable contributions to any qualified religious or charitable entity.