To direct the President to submit to Congress a report on the long-term costs of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation Enduring Freedom in Iraq and Afghanistan, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``True Cost of War Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. REPORT ON LONG-TERM COSTS OF OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM AND 
              OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States has been engaged in military 
        operations in Afghanistan since October 2001 as Operation 
        Enduring Freedom and in military operations in Iraq since March 
        2003 as Operation Iraqi Freedom and its successor contingency 
        operation, Operation New Dawn.
            (2) According to the Congressional Research Service, 
        through fiscal year 2010, Congress has appropriated 
        $1,087,000,000,000 for the Department of Defense, for the State 
        Department, and for medical costs paid by the Department of 
        Veterans Affairs. This amount includes $751,000,000,000 related 
        to operations in Iraq and $336,000,000,000 related to 
        operations in Afghanistan.
            (3) Over 90 percent of the funds appropriated for the 
        Department of Defense for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan 
        have been provided as supplemental or additional appropriations 
        and designated as an emergency funding requirement.
            (4) The Congressional Budget Office and the Congressional 
        Research Service have stated that future costs for operations 
        in Iraq and Afghanistan are difficult to estimate because the 
        Department of Defense provides little information on costs 
        incurred to date and does not report outlays or actual 
        expenditure for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan (because war 
        and baseline funds are mixed in the same accounts) and because 
        of a lack of information from the Department of Defense on many 
        of the key factors that determine costs, including personnel 
        levels and the pace of operations.
            (5) Over 2,000,000 members of the United States Armed 
        Forces have served in Afghanistan and Iraq since the beginning 
        of the conflicts.
            (6) Over 4,400 members of the Armed Forces and Department 
        of Defense civilian personnel have been killed in Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, and over 1,400 members of the Armed Forces and 
        Department of Defense civilian personnel have been killed in 
        Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.
            (7) Over 1,620 members of the Armed Forces have suffered 
        amputations as a result of wounds or other injuries incurred in 
        Afghanistan or Iraq.
            (8) More than 243,685 veterans of military service in Iraq 
        and Afghanistan have been treated for mental health conditions, 
        more than 66,900 of these veterans have been diagnosed with 
        post-traumatic stress disorder, and approximately 178,876 of 
        these veterans have a confirmed traumatic brain injury 
        diagnosis.
            (9) Approximately 46 percent of veterans of military 
        service in Iraq and Afghanistan have sought treatment at a 
        Department of Veterans Affairs hospital or medical clinic.
            (10) The Independent Review Group on Rehabilitative Care 
        and Administrative Processes at Walter Reed Army Medical Center 
        and National Naval Medical Center identified traumatic brain 
        injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, increased survival of 
        severe burns, and traumatic amputations as the four signature 
        wounds of the current conflicts, and the Independent Review 
        Group report states that the recovery process ``can take months 
        or years and must accommodate recurring or delayed 
        manifestations of symptoms, extended rehabilitation and all the 
        life complications that emerge over time from such trauma''.
    (b) Report Requirement.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President, with contributions from the 
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of 
Veterans Affairs, shall submit to Congress a report containing an 
estimate of the long-term costs of Operation New Dawn (the successor 
contingency operation to Operation Iraqi Freedom) and Operation 
Enduring Freedom for each the following scenarios:
            (1) The scenario in which the number of members of the 
        Armed Forces deployed in support of Operation New Dawn and 
        Operation Enduring Freedom is reduced from roughly 190,000 in 
        2011 to 150,000 in 2012, 65,000 in 2013, and 30,000 by the 
        beginning of 2014, and remains at 30,000 through 2020.
            (2) The scenario in which the number of members of the 
        Armed Forces deployed in support of Operation New Dawn and 
        Operation Enduring Freedom rises to approximately 235,000 in 
        2011, is reduced to 230,000 in 2012, 195,000 in 2013, 135,000 
        in 2014, 80,000 in 2015, 60,000 in 2016, and remains at 60,000 
        through 2020.
            (3) An alternative scenario, determined by the President 
        and based on current contingency operation and withdrawal 
        plans, which takes into account expected force levels and the 
        expected length of time that members of the Armed Forces will 
        be deployed in support of Operation New Dawn and Operation 
        Enduring Freedom.
    (c) Estimates To Be Used in Preparation of Report.--In preparing 
the report required by subsection (b), the President shall make 
estimates and projections through at least fiscal year 2020, adjust any 
dollar amounts appropriately for inflation, and take into account and 
specify each of the following:
            (1) The total number of members of the Armed Forces 
        expected to be deployed in support of Operation New Dawn and 
        Operation Enduring Freedom, including--
                    (A) the number of members of the Armed Forces 
                actually deployed in Southwest Asia in support of 
                Operation New Dawn and Operation Enduring Freedom;
                    (B) the number of members of reserve components of 
                the Armed Forces called or ordered to active duty in 
                the United States for the purpose of training for 
                eventual deployment in Southwest Asia, backfilling for 
                deployed troops, or supporting other Department of 
                Defense missions directly or indirectly related to 
                Operation New Dawn or Operation Enduring Freedom; and
                    (C) the break-down of deployments of members of the 
                regular and reserve components and activation of 
                members of the reserve components.
            (2) The number of members of the Armed Forces, including 
        members of the reserve components, who have previously served 
        in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or 
        Operation Enduring Freedom and who are expected to serve 
        multiple deployments.
            (3) The number of contractors and private military security 
        firms that have been used and are expected to be used during 
        the course of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and 
        Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (4) The number of veterans currently suffering and expected 
        to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, traumatic brain 
        injury, or other mental injuries.
            (5) The number of veterans currently in need of and 
        expected to be in need of prosthetic care and treatment because 
        of amputations incurred during service in support of Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or Operation Enduring 
        Freedom.
            (6) The current number of pending Department of Veterans 
        Affairs claims from veterans of military service in Iraq and 
        Afghanistan, and the total number of such veterans expected to 
        seek disability compensation from the Department of Veterans 
        Affairs.
            (7) The total number of members of the Armed Forces who 
        have been killed or wounded in Iraq or Afghanistan, including 
        noncombat casualties, the total number of members expected to 
        suffer injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the total number 
        of members expected to be killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, 
        including noncombat casualties.
            (8) The amount of funds previously appropriated for the 
        Department of Defense, the Department of State, and the 
        Department of Veterans Affairs for costs related to Operation 
        Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation Enduring 
        Freedom, including an account of the amount of funding from 
        regular Department of Defense, Department of State, and 
        Department of Veterans Affairs budgets that has gone and will 
        go to costs associated with such operations.
            (9) Current and future operational expenditures associated 
        with Operation New Dawn and Operation Enduring Freedom, 
        including--
                    (A) funding for combat operations;
                    (B) deploying, transporting, feeding, and housing 
                members of the Armed Forces (including fuel costs);
                    (C) activation and deployment of members of the 
                reserve components of the Armed Forces;
                    (D) equipping and training of Iraqi and Afghani 
                forces;
                    (E) purchasing, upgrading, and repairing weapons, 
                munitions, and other equipment consumed or used in 
                Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or 
                Operation Enduring Freedom; and
                    (F) payments to other countries for logistical 
                assistance in support of such operations.
            (10) Past, current, and future costs of entering into 
        contracts with private military security firms and other 
        contractors for the provision of goods and services associated 
        with Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation 
        Enduring Freedom.
            (11) Average annual cost for each member of the Armed 
        Forces deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, 
        Operation New Dawn, or Operation Enduring Freedom, including 
        room and board, equipment and body armor, transportation of 
        troops and equipment (including fuel costs), and operational 
        costs.
            (12) Current and future cost of combat-related special pays 
        and benefits, including reenlistment bonuses.
            (13) Current and future cost of calling or ordering members 
        of the reserve components to active duty in support of 
        Operation New Dawn or Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (14) Current and future cost for reconstruction, embassy 
        operations and construction, and foreign aid programs for Iraq 
        and Afghanistan.
            (15) Current and future cost of bases and other 
        infrastructure to support members of the Armed Forces serving 
        in Iraq and Afghanistan.
            (16) Current and future cost of providing health care for 
        veterans who served in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, 
        Operation New Dawn, or Operation Enduring Freedom, including--
                    (A) the cost of mental health treatment for 
                veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder 
                and traumatic brain injury, and other mental problems 
                as a result of such service; and
                    (B) the cost of lifetime prosthetics care and 
                treatment for veterans suffering from amputations as a 
                result of such service.
            (17) Current and future cost of providing Department of 
        Veterans Affairs disability benefits for the lifetime of 
        veterans who incur disabilities while serving in support of 
        Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New Dawn, or Operation 
        Enduring Freedom.
            (18) Current and future cost of providing survivors' 
        benefits to survivors of members of the Armed Forces killed 
        while serving in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation 
        New Dawn, or Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (19) Cost of bringing members of the Armed Forces and 
        equipment back to the United States upon the conclusion of 
        Operation New Dawn and Operation Enduring Freedom, including 
        the cost of demobilization, transportation costs (including 
        fuel costs), providing transition services for members of the 
        Armed Forces transitioning from active duty to veteran status, 
        transporting equipment, weapons, and munitions (including fuel 
        costs), and an estimate of the value of equipment that will be 
        left behind.
            (20) Cost to restore the military and military equipment, 
        including the equipment of the reserve components, to full 
        strength after the conclusion of Operation New Dawn or 
        Operation Enduring Freedom.
            (21) Amount of money borrowed to pay for Operation Iraqi 
        Freedom, Operation New Dawn, and Operation Enduring Freedom, 
        and the sources of that money.
            (22) Interest on money borrowed, including interest for 
        money already borrowed and anticipated interest payments on 
        future borrowing, for Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation New 
        Dawn, and Operation Enduring Freedom.

Summary: True Cost of War Act of 2011 - Directs the President, with contributions from the Secretary of Defense (DOD), the Secretary of State, and the Secretary of Veterans Affairs (VA), to report to Congress an estimate of the long-term costs of Operation New Dawn (the successor contingency operation to Operation Iraqi Freedom) and Operation Enduring Freedom under three specified scenarios based on the number of U.S. troops deployed in such operations, as well as contingency operation and withdrawal plans. Requires the President, in preparing such report, to make estimates and projections through at least FY2020, and to take into account specified cost factors, including: (1) the deployment of U.S. military personnel, contractors, and private security firms; (2) the number of veterans in need of medical or mental health care due to injuries and illnesses; (3) pending veterans' disability compensation claims; (4) total casualties and injuries; (5) current and future operational expenses and related costs; and (6) the amount of money borrowed to pay for such operations, the sources of that money, and the interest on the money borrowed.