Combat Human Trafficking Act of 2015

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Combat Human Trafficking Act of 
2015''.

SEC. 2. REDUCING DEMAND FOR SEX TRAFFICKING; LOWER MENS REA FOR SEX 
              TRAFFICKING OF UNDERAGE VICTIMS.

    (a) Clarification of Range of Conduct Punished as Sex 
Trafficking.--Section 1591 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``or maintains'' and 
        inserting ``maintains, patronizes, or solicits'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or obtained'' 
                and inserting ``obtained, patronized, or solicited''; 
                and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or obtained'' 
                and inserting ``obtained, patronized, or solicited''; 
                and
            (3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) In a prosecution under subsection (a)(1), the Government need 
not prove that the defendant knew, or recklessly disregarded the fact, 
that the person recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, 
obtained, maintained, patronized, or solicited had not attained the age 
of 18 years.''.
    (b) Definition Amended.--Section 103(10) of the Trafficking Victims 
Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102(10)) is amended by striking ``or 
obtaining'' and inserting ``obtaining, patronizing, or soliciting''.
    (c) Minimum Period of Supervised Release for Conspiracy To Commit 
Commercial Child Sex Trafficking.--Section 3583(k) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended by inserting ``1594(c),'' after ``1591,''.

SEC. 3. BUREAU OF JUSTICE STATISTICS REPORT ON STATE ENFORCEMENT OF SEX 
              TRAFFICKING PROHIBITIONS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the terms ``commercial sex act'', ``severe forms of 
        trafficking in persons'', ``State'', and ``Task Force'' have 
        the meanings given those terms in section 103 of the 
        Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102);
            (2) the term ``covered offense'' means the provision, 
        obtaining, patronizing, or soliciting of a commercial sex act 
        involving a person subject to severe forms of trafficking in 
        persons; and
            (3) the term ``State law enforcement officer'' means any 
        officer, agent, or employee of a State authorized by law or by 
        a State government agency to engage in or supervise the 
        prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of any 
        violation of criminal law.
    (b) Report.--The Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics 
shall--
            (1) prepare an annual report on--
                    (A) the rates of--
                            (i) arrest of individuals by State law 
                        enforcement officers for a covered offense;
                            (ii) prosecution (including specific 
                        charges) of individuals in State court systems 
                        for a covered offense; and
                            (iii) conviction of individuals in State 
                        court systems for a covered offense; and
                    (B) sentences imposed on individuals convicted in 
                State court systems for a covered offense; and
            (2) submit the annual report prepared under paragraph (1) 
        to--
                    (A) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (B) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
                    (C) the Task Force;
                    (D) the Senior Policy Operating Group established 
                under section 105(g) of the Trafficking Victims 
                Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7103(g)); and
                    (E) the Attorney General.

SEC. 4. LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS, PROSECUTORS, AND JUDGES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the terms ``commercial sex act'', ``severe forms of 
        trafficking in persons'', and ``State'' have the meanings given 
        those terms in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims 
        Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102);
            (2) the term ``covered offender'' means an individual who 
        obtains, patronizes, or solicits a commercial sex act involving 
        a person subject to severe forms of trafficking in persons;
            (3) the term ``Federal law enforcement officer'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 115 of title 18, United 
        States Code;
            (4) the term ``local law enforcement officer'' means any 
        officer, agent, or employee of a unit of local government 
        authorized by law or by a local government agency to engage in 
        or supervise the prevention, detection, investigation, or 
        prosecution of any violation of criminal law; and
            (5) the term ``State law enforcement officer'' means any 
        officer, agent, or employee of a State authorized by law or by 
        a State government agency to engage in or supervise the 
        prevention, detection, investigation, or prosecution of any 
        violation of criminal law.
    (b) Training.--
            (1) Law enforcement officers.--The Attorney General shall 
        ensure that each anti-human trafficking program operated by the 
        Department of Justice, including each anti-human trafficking 
        training program for Federal, State, or local law enforcement 
        officers, includes technical training on--
                    (A) effective methods for investigating and 
                prosecuting covered offenders; and
                    (B) facilitating the provision of physical and 
                mental health services by health care providers to 
                persons subject to severe forms of trafficking in 
                persons.
            (2)  Federal prosecutors.--The Attorney General shall 
        ensure that each anti-human trafficking program operated by the 
        Department of Justice for United States attorneys or other 
        Federal prosecutors includes training on seeking restitution 
        for offenses under chapter 77 of title 18, United States Code, 
        to ensure that each United States attorney or other Federal 
        prosecutor, upon obtaining a conviction for such an offense, 
        requests a specific amount of restitution for each victim of 
        the offense without regard to whether the victim requests 
        restitution.
            (3) Judges.--The Federal Judicial Center shall provide 
        training to judges relating to the application of section 1593 
        of title 18, United States Code, with respect to ordering 
        restitution for victims of offenses under chapter 77 of such 
        title.
    (c) Policy for Federal Law Enforcement Officers.--The Attorney 
General shall ensure that Federal law enforcement officers are engaged 
in activities, programs, or operations involving the detection, 
investigation, and prosecution of covered offenders.

SEC. 5. WIRETAP AUTHORITY FOR HUMAN TRAFFICKING VIOLATIONS.

    Section 2516 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)(c)--
                    (A) by inserting before ``section 1591'' the 
                following: ``section 1581 (peonage), section 1584 
                (involuntary servitude), section 1589 (forced labor), 
                section 1590 (trafficking with respect to peonage, 
                slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor),''; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting before ``section 1751'' the 
                following: ``section 1592 (unlawful conduct with 
                respect to documents in furtherance of trafficking, 
                peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced 
                labor),''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``human trafficking, 
        child sexual exploitation, child pornography production,'' 
        after ``kidnapping,''.

SEC. 6. STRENGTHENING CRIME VICTIMS' RIGHTS.

    (a) Notification of Plea Agreement or Other Agreement.--Section 
3771(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
            ``(9) The right to be informed in a timely manner of any 
        plea agreement or deferred prosecution agreement.''.
    (b) Appellate Review of Petitions Relating to Crime Victims' 
Rights.--
            (1) In general.--Section 3771(d)(3) of title 18, United 
        States Code, is amended by inserting after the fifth sentence 
        the following: ``In deciding such application, the court of 
        appeals shall apply ordinary standards of appellate review.''.
            (2) Application.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall 
        apply with respect to any petition for a writ of mandamus filed 
        under section 3771(d)(3) of title 18, United States Code, that 
        is pending on the date of enactment of this Act.

Summary: Combat Human Trafficking Act of 2015  Amends the federal criminal code, with respect to sex trafficking of children, to: (1) subject to criminal prosecution buyers, as well as sellers, of commercial sex involving sex trafficking victims; (2) provide that in prosecutions of sex trafficking crimes, the government is not required to prove that a sex trafficking defendant knew or recklessly disregarded the fact that a victim was under age 18; (3) equalize the period of supervised release for sex trafficking offenders convicted of conspiracy; (4) expand wiretap authority for investigating crimes related to sex trafficking, including slavery, involuntary servitude, and forced labor; (5) grant crime victims the right to be informed in a timely manner of any plea agreement or deferred prosecution agreement; and (6) require an appellate court to apply ordinary standards of review in reviewing appeals filed by crime victims.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Requires the Bureau of Justice Statistics in the Department of Justice (DOJ) to prepare and report annually on: (1) the rates of arrests by state law enforcement officers for sex trafficking crimes involving buyers of commercial sex involving sex trafficking victims,&nbsp;and (2) prosecutions and convictions for such crimes in state courts.  Directs the Attorney General to ensure that: (1) DOJ anti-human trafficking training programs, including programs for law enforcement officers, include technical training on effective methods for investigating and prosecuting individuals who obtain, patronize, or solicit a commercial sex act involving a person subject to severe forms of human trafficking and on facilitating the provision of physical and mental health services by health care providers to persons subject to severe forms of human trafficking; (2) federal law enforcement officers are engaged in activities, programs, or operations involving the detection, investigation, and prosecution of such offenses; and (3) DOJ anti-human trafficking programs for U.S. attorneys or other federal prosecutors include training on seeking restitution for peonage, slavery, and human trafficking offenses to ensure that each such attorney, upon obtaining a conviction for such an offense, requests a specific amount of restitution for each victim without regard to whether the victim requests it. Requires the Federal Judicial Center to provide training to judges relating to the application of mandatory restitution provisions regarding ordering restitution for victims of such offenses.