title: Searching for patterns in political event sequences: Experiments with the KEDs database

authors: Kovar, Klaus

subjects: computer science

abstract: This paper presents an empirical study on the possibility of discovering interesting event sequences and sequential rules in a large database of international political events. A data mining algorithm first presented by Mannila and Toivonen (1996), has been implemented and extended, which is able to search for generalized episodes in such event databases. Experiments conducted with this algorithm on the Kansas Event Data System (KEDS) database, an event data set covering interactions between countries in the Persian Gulf region, are described. Some qualitative and quantitative results are reported, and experiences with strategies for reducing the problem complexity and focusing on the search on interesting subsets of events are described.

text: Searching for patterns in political event sequences: Experiments with the KEDs database This paper presents an empirical study on the possibility of discovering interesting event sequences and sequential rules in a large database of international political events. A data mining algorithm first presented by Mannila and Toivonen (1996), has been implemented and extended, which is able to search for generalized episodes in such event databases. Experiments conducted with this algorithm on the Kansas Event Data System (KEDS) database, an event data set covering interactions between countries in the Persian Gulf region, are described. Some qualitative and quantitative results are reported, and experiences with strategies for reducing the problem complexity and focusing on the search on interesting subsets of events are described.

year: 2000

title: Partial maps with domain and range: extending Schein's representation

authors: Jackson, Marcel

subjects: closure semigroup

abstract: The semigroup of all partial maps on a set under the operation of composition admits a number of operations relating to the domain and range of a partial map. Of particular interest are the operations R and L returning the identity on the domain of a map and on the range of a map respectively. Schein [25] gave an axiomatic characterisation of the semigroups with R and L representable as systems of partial maps; the class is a finitely axiomatisable quasivariety closely related to ample semigroups (which were introduced—as type A semigroups—by Fountain, [7]). We provide an account of Schein's result (which until now appears only in Russian) and extend Schein's method to include the binary operations of intersection, of greatest common range restriction, and some unary operations relating to the set of fixed points of a partial map. Unlike the case of semigroups with R and L, a number of the possibilities can be equationally axiomatised.

text: Partial maps with domain and range: extending Schein's representation The semigroup of all partial maps on a set under the operation of composition admits a number of operations relating to the domain and range of a partial map. Of particular interest are the operations R and L returning the identity on the domain of a map and on the range of a map respectively. Schein [25] gave an axiomatic characterisation of the semigroups with R and L representable as systems of partial maps; the class is a finitely axiomatisable quasivariety closely related to ample semigroups (which were introduced—as type A semigroups—by Fountain, [7]). We provide an account of Schein's result (which until now appears only in Russian) and extend Schein's method to include the binary operations of intersection, of greatest common range restriction, and some unary operations relating to the set of fixed points of a partial map. Unlike the case of semigroups with R and L, a number of the possibilities can be equationally axiomatised.

year: 2009

title: Governance of water based on responsible use – an elegant solution?‎

authors: Te Aho, Linda

abstract: The inspiration for this chapter is a proposal said to represent "a paradigm shift" for the governance of freshwater, articulated by Sir Edward Taihakurei Durie in 2014. ² Arising out of challenges to a government plan to sell its shares in powergenerating companies,³ the Durie proposal has at its heart a possibility for reconciling Maori rights and interests and wider general interests in freshwater. It is based on the assumption that Maori and the general public have a legitimate interest in the natural water regimes of the country. However, the source of the interest is not the same. The Maori interest is proprietary and is sourced in their status as the indigenous first peoples of the land who were guaranteed continuation of their tino rangatiratanga in respect of their lands and waters in Te Tiriti o Waitangi.⁴ The public interest is sourced in the British laws that superimposed Maori laws through processes of colonisation. The heart of the Durie proposal is that those utilising water for commercial purposes should be charged and that an independent commission would be responsible for overseeing charging and revenue collection and disbursement. A proportion of the funds would be allocated to Maori authorities in recognition of the Maori interest. Whether in public or Maori hands, the funds should be applied to the maintenance or improvement of the natural water bodies of the area or the assurance of water supplies to all homes. In short, the proposal focuses upon responsibility.

text: Governance of water based on responsible use – an elegant solution?‎ The inspiration for this chapter is a proposal said to represent "a paradigm shift" for the governance of freshwater, articulated by Sir Edward Taihakurei Durie in 2014. ² Arising out of challenges to a government plan to sell its shares in powergenerating companies,³ the Durie proposal has at its heart a possibility for reconciling Maori rights and interests and wider general interests in freshwater. It is based on the assumption that Maori and the general public have a legitimate interest in the natural water regimes of the country. However, the source of the interest is not the same. The Maori interest is proprietary and is sourced in their status as the indigenous first peoples of the land who were guaranteed continuation of their tino rangatiratanga in respect of their lands and waters in Te Tiriti o Waitangi.⁴ The public interest is sourced in the British laws that superimposed Maori laws through processes of colonisation. The heart of the Durie proposal is that those utilising water for commercial purposes should be charged and that an independent commission would be responsible for overseeing charging and revenue collection and disbursement. A proportion of the funds would be allocated to Maori authorities in recognition of the Maori interest. Whether in public or Maori hands, the funds should be applied to the maintenance or improvement of the natural water bodies of the area or the assurance of water supplies to all homes. In short, the proposal focuses upon responsibility.

year: 2019