title: Aggregate investment behaviour in New Zealand: An examination of the theory of investment behaviour and its econometric representation

authors: Lichtwark, Philip Laurence

abstract: In this study an attempt is made to construct a model explaining quarterly investment in plant and machinery in the New Zealand economy, with a view to providing a basis for forecasting investment expenditures. A survey of theory and econometric models reveals that in the more successful overseas models the principle determinants of investment expenditures are changes in demand as reflected output changes, the capital stock, which gives an indication of existing capacity and determines replacement requirements, and also factors affecting the cost of capital equipment. These factors form the basis of the theory of investment behaviour. However it is found that the pure theoretical framework, although useful, does not provide a complete explanation of investment in New Zealand, and that such factors as import controls and other exogenous influences affect investment in this country. 
The final model purports to explain ninety three per cent of the variation in investment expenditures and is statistically sound. This was considered a good result in view of the data problems encountered. Although the model is not entirely satisfactory the equation performed reasonably well in ex-poste forecasts which suggests that with some improvements, particularly of some of the data series, it could provide a useful indication of the effects of policy measures on investment.

text: Aggregate investment behaviour in New Zealand: An examination of the theory of investment behaviour and its econometric representation In this study an attempt is made to construct a model explaining quarterly investment in plant and machinery in the New Zealand economy, with a view to providing a basis for forecasting investment expenditures. A survey of theory and econometric models reveals that in the more successful overseas models the principle determinants of investment expenditures are changes in demand as reflected output changes, the capital stock, which gives an indication of existing capacity and determines replacement requirements, and also factors affecting the cost of capital equipment. These factors form the basis of the theory of investment behaviour. However it is found that the pure theoretical framework, although useful, does not provide a complete explanation of investment in New Zealand, and that such factors as import controls and other exogenous influences affect investment in this country. 
The final model purports to explain ninety three per cent of the variation in investment expenditures and is statistically sound. This was considered a good result in view of the data problems encountered. Although the model is not entirely satisfactory the equation performed reasonably well in ex-poste forecasts which suggests that with some improvements, particularly of some of the data series, it could provide a useful indication of the effects of policy measures on investment.

year: 1973

title: Wallace’s approach to unsupervised learning: the Snob program

authors: Jorgensen, Murray A.

subjects: statistics

abstract: We describe the Snob program for unsupervised learning as it has evolved from its beginning in the 1960s until its present form. Snob uses the minimum message length principle expounded in Wallace and Freeman (Wallace, C.S. and Freeman, P.R. (1987) Estimation and inference by Compact coding. J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B, 49, 240–252.) and we indicate how Snob estimates class parameters using the approach of that paper. We will survey the evolution of Snob from these beginnings to the state that it has reached as described by Wallace and Dowe (Wallace, C.S. and Dowe, D.L. (2000) MMM mixture modelling of multi-state, Poisson, Von Mises Circular and Gaussian distributions. Stat. Comput., 10, 73–83.) We pay particular attention to the revision of Snob in the 1980s where definite assignment of things to classes was abandoned.

text: Wallace’s approach to unsupervised learning: the Snob program We describe the Snob program for unsupervised learning as it has evolved from its beginning in the 1960s until its present form. Snob uses the minimum message length principle expounded in Wallace and Freeman (Wallace, C.S. and Freeman, P.R. (1987) Estimation and inference by Compact coding. J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B, 49, 240–252.) and we indicate how Snob estimates class parameters using the approach of that paper. We will survey the evolution of Snob from these beginnings to the state that it has reached as described by Wallace and Dowe (Wallace, C.S. and Dowe, D.L. (2000) MMM mixture modelling of multi-state, Poisson, Von Mises Circular and Gaussian distributions. Stat. Comput., 10, 73–83.) We pay particular attention to the revision of Snob in the 1980s where definite assignment of things to classes was abandoned.

year: 2008

title: Sharemilking with the Te Raparahi Lands Trust (Wāotū)

authors: Hutcheson, Gail Yvonne

subjects: Place

abstract: This paper discusses sharemilking  in New Zealand.

text: Sharemilking with the Te Raparahi Lands Trust (Wāotū) This paper discusses sharemilking  in New Zealand.

year: 2017