title: A numerical study of diffusive cosmic-ray transport with adiabatic focusing

authors: Litvinenko, Yuri E.

subjects: cosmic rays

abstract: Focused particle transport in a nonuniform large-scale magnetic field is investigated numerically in the case of isotropic pitch-angle scattering. Evolving particle density profiles and distribution moments are computed from solutions of a system of stochastic differential equations, equivalent to the original Fokker-Planck equation for the particle distribution. Conflicting analytical predictions for the transport coefficients in the diffusion limit, independently calculated by Beeck & Wibberenz and Shalchi, are compared with the numerical results. The reasons for the discrepancies among the analytical and numerical treatments, as well as the general limitations of the diffusion model, are discussed. The telegraph equation, derived in a higher-order expansion of the particle distribution function, is shown to describe the particle transport much more accurately than the diffusion model, especially ahead of a moving density pulse.

text: A numerical study of diffusive cosmic-ray transport with adiabatic focusing Focused particle transport in a nonuniform large-scale magnetic field is investigated numerically in the case of isotropic pitch-angle scattering. Evolving particle density profiles and distribution moments are computed from solutions of a system of stochastic differential equations, equivalent to the original Fokker-Planck equation for the particle distribution. Conflicting analytical predictions for the transport coefficients in the diffusion limit, independently calculated by Beeck & Wibberenz and Shalchi, are compared with the numerical results. The reasons for the discrepancies among the analytical and numerical treatments, as well as the general limitations of the diffusion model, are discussed. The telegraph equation, derived in a higher-order expansion of the particle distribution function, is shown to describe the particle transport much more accurately than the diffusion model, especially ahead of a moving density pulse.

year: 2013

title: Psychological autonomy and well-being of employees in low-skilled occupations

authors: Yong, Amy Pei Chuin

subjects: low-skilled occupations

abstract: Psychological autonomy and the impact it has on employees’ well-being has seldom been examined for those employed in low-skilled occupations. Using self-determination theory (SDT) as the theoretical grounding, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between supervisors’ support for psychological autonomy and employee outcomes such as well-being, stress, and job performance, for those in low-skilled occupations. SDT proposes that the effect of supervisors’ autonomy support is mediated through the satisfaction and frustration of employees’ needs. Survey data were collected from 171 employees at four different organisations in New Zealand. Regression analysis indicated that supervisors’ autonomy support was positively related to the satisfaction of employees’ autonomy, competence and relatedness needs and negatively related to frustration of employees’ autonomy and relatedness needs. In addition, supervisors’ autonomy support was related to job performance through competence and relatedness satisfaction and to well-being through autonomy satisfaction. Findings highlight the importance of supervisors’ autonomy support for employees’ well-being and job performance, giving organisations ways to improve well-being and job performance.

text: Psychological autonomy and well-being of employees in low-skilled occupations Psychological autonomy and the impact it has on employees’ well-being has seldom been examined for those employed in low-skilled occupations. Using self-determination theory (SDT) as the theoretical grounding, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between supervisors’ support for psychological autonomy and employee outcomes such as well-being, stress, and job performance, for those in low-skilled occupations. SDT proposes that the effect of supervisors’ autonomy support is mediated through the satisfaction and frustration of employees’ needs. Survey data were collected from 171 employees at four different organisations in New Zealand. Regression analysis indicated that supervisors’ autonomy support was positively related to the satisfaction of employees’ autonomy, competence and relatedness needs and negatively related to frustration of employees’ autonomy and relatedness needs. In addition, supervisors’ autonomy support was related to job performance through competence and relatedness satisfaction and to well-being through autonomy satisfaction. Findings highlight the importance of supervisors’ autonomy support for employees’ well-being and job performance, giving organisations ways to improve well-being and job performance.

year: 2019

title: Analysis of errors in the writing of first year university students of Māori

authors: Earnshaw, Lorene

subjects: Te reo Māori

abstract: This paper presents a survey of the range of grammatical and lexical errors made in written Māori by University students taking an introductory course in Māori language. We begin by introducing, and discussing the motivation for, an error classification system which accommodates different classes of error. We then provide an analysis of errors in three different types of student writing: homework assignments, impromptu tests and examination transcripts. We conclude with some remarks about the patterns of error which we found.

text: Analysis of errors in the writing of first year university students of Māori This paper presents a survey of the range of grammatical and lexical errors made in written Māori by University students taking an introductory course in Māori language. We begin by introducing, and discussing the motivation for, an error classification system which accommodates different classes of error. We then provide an analysis of errors in three different types of student writing: homework assignments, impromptu tests and examination transcripts. We conclude with some remarks about the patterns of error which we found.

year: 2004-09