title: Maturation and biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury: Is there a link? A systematic review

authors: Butcher, Anna J.

subjects: ACL

abstract: Objective: To establish the potential link between sex-specific maturation and biomechanical factors associated with ACL injury during dynamic tasks. Design: Systematic review. Literature search: Five databases (CINHAL®, Cochrane Library, PubMed®, Scopus®, and SPORTDiscus) were searched and monitored until 27 May 2024. Study selection criteria: Cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, or interventional studies reporting one or more biomechanical variable linked with ACL injury and which assessed participants across two or more maturation phases were considered eligible. Data synthesis: Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified version of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE. Metrics and effect sizes were presented where available. Results: Eighteen included studies examined 400 males, 1377 females, and 315 participants of undefined sex across various maturation phases. The methodological quality of most studies (n = 16) was considered good, and satisfactory for two. Knee abduction angle, knee abduction moment, knee flexion angle, and ground reaction forces were most commonly reported. Knee abduction angles and moments and knee flexion angles were greater in late and post-pubertal females than males and pre-pubertal females during both landing and cutting tasks. When normalised for body mass, ground reaction forces were generally greater in males compared to females overall and for less mature participants for both sexes. Overall quality of evidence was low or medium across the four biomechanical measures. Conclusion: Sex-specific maturation considerations are important in the targeted development and implementation of ACL injury risk identification and prevention strategies.

text: Maturation and biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury: Is there a link? A systematic review Objective: To establish the potential link between sex-specific maturation and biomechanical factors associated with ACL injury during dynamic tasks. Design: Systematic review. Literature search: Five databases (CINHAL®, Cochrane Library, PubMed®, Scopus®, and SPORTDiscus) were searched and monitored until 27 May 2024. Study selection criteria: Cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, or interventional studies reporting one or more biomechanical variable linked with ACL injury and which assessed participants across two or more maturation phases were considered eligible. Data synthesis: Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified version of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE. Metrics and effect sizes were presented where available. Results: Eighteen included studies examined 400 males, 1377 females, and 315 participants of undefined sex across various maturation phases. The methodological quality of most studies (n = 16) was considered good, and satisfactory for two. Knee abduction angle, knee abduction moment, knee flexion angle, and ground reaction forces were most commonly reported. Knee abduction angles and moments and knee flexion angles were greater in late and post-pubertal females than males and pre-pubertal females during both landing and cutting tasks. When normalised for body mass, ground reaction forces were generally greater in males compared to females overall and for less mature participants for both sexes. Overall quality of evidence was low or medium across the four biomechanical measures. Conclusion: Sex-specific maturation considerations are important in the targeted development and implementation of ACL injury risk identification and prevention strategies.

year: 2024

title: Heterosexual ally identity development for the non-heterosexual community

authors: Nicholls, Rawiri Rangihouhiri Terrence

subjects: Heterosexual Ally Identity Development

abstract: This thesis is an examination of the significance that both the development of heterosexual and non-heterosexual identity plays in the perceptions of the development of an individual’s identity labels, privilege, oppression, and sexuality. Firstly, through an extensive literature review, and secondly through an analysis of an in-depth survey which not only was advertised to those who self-identify as heterosexual but also to those who identify within other non-heterosexual identities.

This thesis will provide an examination of the complicated process of identity development for both the heterosexual and non-heterosexual communities with a focus on the development of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community.

Heterosexual identity is often thought to be unmoving in nature however heterosexual identity, much like non-heterosexual identity, contains movement through statuses as the individual not only gains an understanding of their own heterosexual identity but also of alternatives.

The results of some of the key identity theorists of the last century will be reviewed, as well as the relationship that social constructs, societal attitudes, and Heterosexism play in the creation of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community.

I propose that to understand the creation and development of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community there must not only be a development in the way in which non-heterosexual identity development is researched but also in the way in which heterosexual identity is also developed.

I also propose that heterosexual allies of the non-heterosexual community play an integral part in the way that society combats not only Heterosexism but also in the way that society gains a better understanding of what it means to be heterosexual. As society gains a more developed interpretation of the negative effects that Heterosexism has on the non-heterosexual community, research associated with the development of allyship towards the non-heterosexual community will continue to not only develop but also become more accurate.

text: Heterosexual ally identity development for the non-heterosexual community This thesis is an examination of the significance that both the development of heterosexual and non-heterosexual identity plays in the perceptions of the development of an individual’s identity labels, privilege, oppression, and sexuality. Firstly, through an extensive literature review, and secondly through an analysis of an in-depth survey which not only was advertised to those who self-identify as heterosexual but also to those who identify within other non-heterosexual identities.

This thesis will provide an examination of the complicated process of identity development for both the heterosexual and non-heterosexual communities with a focus on the development of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community.

Heterosexual identity is often thought to be unmoving in nature however heterosexual identity, much like non-heterosexual identity, contains movement through statuses as the individual not only gains an understanding of their own heterosexual identity but also of alternatives.

The results of some of the key identity theorists of the last century will be reviewed, as well as the relationship that social constructs, societal attitudes, and Heterosexism play in the creation of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community.

I propose that to understand the creation and development of heterosexual allies for the non-heterosexual community there must not only be a development in the way in which non-heterosexual identity development is researched but also in the way in which heterosexual identity is also developed.

I also propose that heterosexual allies of the non-heterosexual community play an integral part in the way that society combats not only Heterosexism but also in the way that society gains a better understanding of what it means to be heterosexual. As society gains a more developed interpretation of the negative effects that Heterosexism has on the non-heterosexual community, research associated with the development of allyship towards the non-heterosexual community will continue to not only develop but also become more accurate.

year: 2021

title: Editorial Introduction: The utility and futility of 'the nation' in histories of Aotearoa New Zealand.

authors: Coleborne, Catharine

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: An introduction is presented which discusses articles in the issue on New Zealand history, including one on interracial rape and sexual violence in the 1860s, one on postcolonial methodology and the historical concept of the British World, and one on Whanganui Māori claims to the Whanganui River.

text: Editorial Introduction: The utility and futility of 'the nation' in histories of Aotearoa New Zealand. An introduction is presented which discusses articles in the issue on New Zealand history, including one on interracial rape and sexual violence in the 1860s, one on postcolonial methodology and the historical concept of the British World, and one on Whanganui Māori claims to the Whanganui River.

year: 2011