title: Synthesis of new heterometallic complexes by tin-sulfur bond cleavage of pySSnPh₃ (pySH = pyridine-2-thiol) at triruthenium and triosmium centres

authors: Raha, Arun K.

subjects: pySSnPh₃

abstract: The ruthenium-tin complex, [Ru₂(CO)₄(SnPh₃)₂(μ-pyS)₂] (1), the main product of the oxidative-addition of pySSnPh₃ to Ru₃(CO)₁₂ in refluxing benzene, is [Ru(CO)₂(pyS)(SnPh₃)] synthon. It reacts with PPh₃ to give [Ru(CO)₂(SnPh₃)(PPh₃)(μ-pyS)] (2) and further with Ru₃(CO)₁₂ or [Os₃(CO)₁₀(NCMe)₂] to afford the butterfly clusters [MOs₃(CO)₁₂ (SnPh₃)(μ₃-pyS)] (3-4). Direct addition of pySSnPh₃ to [Os₃(CO)₁₀(NCMe)₂] at 70°C gives [Os₃(CO)₉(SnPh₃)(μ₃-pyS)] (5) as the only bimetallic compound, while with unsaturated [Os₃(CO)₈{μ₃-PPh₂CH₂P(Ph)C₆H₄}(μ-H)] the previously reported [Os₃(CO)₈(μ-pyS)(μ-H)(μ-dppm)] (6) and the new bimetallic cluster [Os₃(CO)₇(SnPh₃){μ-Ph₂PCH₂P(Ph)C₆H₄}(μ-pyS)[(μ-H)] (7) are formed at 110°C. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 have been characterized by X-ray diffraction studies.

text: Synthesis of new heterometallic complexes by tin-sulfur bond cleavage of pySSnPh₃ (pySH = pyridine-2-thiol) at triruthenium and triosmium centres The ruthenium-tin complex, [Ru₂(CO)₄(SnPh₃)₂(μ-pyS)₂] (1), the main product of the oxidative-addition of pySSnPh₃ to Ru₃(CO)₁₂ in refluxing benzene, is [Ru(CO)₂(pyS)(SnPh₃)] synthon. It reacts with PPh₃ to give [Ru(CO)₂(SnPh₃)(PPh₃)(μ-pyS)] (2) and further with Ru₃(CO)₁₂ or [Os₃(CO)₁₀(NCMe)₂] to afford the butterfly clusters [MOs₃(CO)₁₂ (SnPh₃)(μ₃-pyS)] (3-4). Direct addition of pySSnPh₃ to [Os₃(CO)₁₀(NCMe)₂] at 70°C gives [Os₃(CO)₉(SnPh₃)(μ₃-pyS)] (5) as the only bimetallic compound, while with unsaturated [Os₃(CO)₈{μ₃-PPh₂CH₂P(Ph)C₆H₄}(μ-H)] the previously reported [Os₃(CO)₈(μ-pyS)(μ-H)(μ-dppm)] (6) and the new bimetallic cluster [Os₃(CO)₇(SnPh₃){μ-Ph₂PCH₂P(Ph)C₆H₄}(μ-pyS)[(μ-H)] (7) are formed at 110°C. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 have been characterized by X-ray diffraction studies.

year: 2010

title: ‘Framing the project’ of international human rights law: Reflections on the dysfunctional ‘family’ of the Universal Declaration

authors: Grear, Anna

subjects: law

abstract: The task of ‘framing the project’ of international human rights law is daunting to say the least. First, there is the sheer enormity and complexity of the international human rights law ‘project’: adequately mapping the subject and its key related issues is impossible in a whole book, let alone a short chapter. Secondly, it is daunting because of the sense of epistemic responsibility involved. Every framing inevitably involves selection – if not pre-selection – through the conscious (and/or unconscious) placing of focus upon features or factors considered to be significant and/or valuable. As Gitlin puts it, framing is a way of choosing, underlining and presenting ‘what exists, what happens and what matters’. In this sense, the founding document (or as Entman might put it, the inaugural ‘communicating text’) of international human rights law (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UDHR) functions as a particularly potent form of framing, for it selects aspects of perceived reality, making them not just salient but symbolically central to the entire philosophical, moral, juridical order designated by the term ‘international human rights law’.

text: ‘Framing the project’ of international human rights law: Reflections on the dysfunctional ‘family’ of the Universal Declaration The task of ‘framing the project’ of international human rights law is daunting to say the least. First, there is the sheer enormity and complexity of the international human rights law ‘project’: adequately mapping the subject and its key related issues is impossible in a whole book, let alone a short chapter. Secondly, it is daunting because of the sense of epistemic responsibility involved. Every framing inevitably involves selection – if not pre-selection – through the conscious (and/or unconscious) placing of focus upon features or factors considered to be significant and/or valuable. As Gitlin puts it, framing is a way of choosing, underlining and presenting ‘what exists, what happens and what matters’. In this sense, the founding document (or as Entman might put it, the inaugural ‘communicating text’) of international human rights law (the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UDHR) functions as a particularly potent form of framing, for it selects aspects of perceived reality, making them not just salient but symbolically central to the entire philosophical, moral, juridical order designated by the term ‘international human rights law’.

year: 2012

title: Language switching in a digital library: Does it make a difference if the default language is set to Maori?

authors: Keegan, Te Taka Adrian Gregory

abstract: In this paper we investigate the effect of default interface language on usage patterns of the Niupepa digital library (a collection of historic Māori language newspapers), by switching the default interface language between Māori and English in alternate weeks.
Transaction analysis of the Niupepa collection logs indicates that changing default language affects the length of user
sessions and the number of actions within sessions, and that the English language interface was used most frequently.

text: Language switching in a digital library: Does it make a difference if the default language is set to Maori? In this paper we investigate the effect of default interface language on usage patterns of the Niupepa digital library (a collection of historic Māori language newspapers), by switching the default interface language between Māori and English in alternate weeks.
Transaction analysis of the Niupepa collection logs indicates that changing default language affects the length of user
sessions and the number of actions within sessions, and that the English language interface was used most frequently.

year: 2004-01-01