title: Enhancing the mathematics achievement of Pasifika students: Performance and progress on the numeracy development project.

authors: Young-Loveridge, Jennifer

subjects: mathematics

abstract: This paper reports on the analysis of data from approximately 30,000 Pasifika students whose teachers participated in the Numeracy Development Project (NDP) between 2002 and 2005. Most students' performance improved from the beginning of the year to the end, and performance and progress seemed to improve from 2002 to 2005. As a result, the gap between European and Pasifika students appeared to reduce fairly steadily over tune. These improvements coincided with changes in the composition of the cohort over time, most notably a reduction in the percentage of students from low-decile schools and an increase in the percentage of students from medium- and high-decile schools. Hence, it is difficult to conclude with any confidence that it is the NDP that is primarily responsible for the improvements. Although the gaps in achievement between European and Pasifika students were not completely eliminated, when these differences were put beside those found in other large-scale studies, it was evident that NDP differences were much smaller (a quarter of a standard deviation compared to a whole standard deviation). The use of an individual, orally presented assessment tool with an emphasis on explaining the strategies used to get answers, rather than a written test on which the number of correct answers is simply totalled, may help to explain the positive outcomes for NDP students.

text: Enhancing the mathematics achievement of Pasifika students: Performance and progress on the numeracy development project. This paper reports on the analysis of data from approximately 30,000 Pasifika students whose teachers participated in the Numeracy Development Project (NDP) between 2002 and 2005. Most students' performance improved from the beginning of the year to the end, and performance and progress seemed to improve from 2002 to 2005. As a result, the gap between European and Pasifika students appeared to reduce fairly steadily over tune. These improvements coincided with changes in the composition of the cohort over time, most notably a reduction in the percentage of students from low-decile schools and an increase in the percentage of students from medium- and high-decile schools. Hence, it is difficult to conclude with any confidence that it is the NDP that is primarily responsible for the improvements. Although the gaps in achievement between European and Pasifika students were not completely eliminated, when these differences were put beside those found in other large-scale studies, it was evident that NDP differences were much smaller (a quarter of a standard deviation compared to a whole standard deviation). The use of an individual, orally presented assessment tool with an emphasis on explaining the strategies used to get answers, rather than a written test on which the number of correct answers is simply totalled, may help to explain the positive outcomes for NDP students.

year: 2006

title: Movements of radio- and acoustic-tagged adult Koi carp in the Waikato River, New Zealand

authors: Daniel, Adam Joshua

subjects: carp

abstract: The movement of koi, a highly colored variant of common carp Cyprinus carpio, was monitored for 18 months in the Waikato River, New Zealand, with both radiotelemetry and acoustic telemetry. Koi had large total linear ranges (mean, 39 km), and most fish (74%) monitored for more than 250 d traveled between the Waikato River and lateral habitat. Differences in total linear range and mean daily movement between years suggest a behavioral response associated with reduced habitat availability during periods of low flow. The movements of koi were highly variable and infrequent, suggesting that important long-range movements are missed in short-term studies (<250 d), resulting in underestimations of total linear range. Our data suggest that large numbers of koi could have been intercepted traveling between lateral habitat and the Waikato River during 1 of 2 years, indicating that point source removal would be highly effective.

text: Movements of radio- and acoustic-tagged adult Koi carp in the Waikato River, New Zealand The movement of koi, a highly colored variant of common carp Cyprinus carpio, was monitored for 18 months in the Waikato River, New Zealand, with both radiotelemetry and acoustic telemetry. Koi had large total linear ranges (mean, 39 km), and most fish (74%) monitored for more than 250 d traveled between the Waikato River and lateral habitat. Differences in total linear range and mean daily movement between years suggest a behavioral response associated with reduced habitat availability during periods of low flow. The movements of koi were highly variable and infrequent, suggesting that important long-range movements are missed in short-term studies (<250 d), resulting in underestimations of total linear range. Our data suggest that large numbers of koi could have been intercepted traveling between lateral habitat and the Waikato River during 1 of 2 years, indicating that point source removal would be highly effective.

year: 2011

title: Inequities in Covid-19 Omicron infections and hospitalisations for Māori and Pacific people in Te Manawa Taki Midland region, New Zealand

authors: Whitehead, Jesse

abstract: Covid-19 impacts population health equity. While mRNA vaccines protect against serious illness and death, little New Zealand (NZ) data exists about the impact of Omicron - and effectiveness of vaccination - on different population groups. We aim to examine the impact of  Omicron  on Māori, Pacific and Other ethnicities and how this interacts with age and vaccination status in the Te Manawa Taki Midland region of NZ. Daily Covid-19 infection and hospitalisation rates (01/02/2022 - 29/06/2022) were calculated for Māori, Pacific and Other ethnicities for six age bands. A multivariate logistic regression model quantified the effects of ethnicity, age, and vaccination on hospitalisation rates. Per-capita Omicron cases were highest and occurred earliest among Pacific (9 per 1,000) and Māori (5 per 1,000) people and were highest among 12-24 year-olds (7 per 1,000). Hospitalisation was significantly more likely for Māori (OR=2.03), Pacific people (OR=1.75), over 75-year olds (OR=39.22), and unvaccinated people (OR=4.64). Length of hospitalisation is strongly related to age. Covid-19 vaccination reduces hospitalisations for older individuals and Māori and Pacific populations. Omicron inequitably impacted Māori and Pacific people through higher per-capita infection and hospitalisation rates. Older people are more likely to be hospitalised and for longer.

text: Inequities in Covid-19 Omicron infections and hospitalisations for Māori and Pacific people in Te Manawa Taki Midland region, New Zealand Covid-19 impacts population health equity. While mRNA vaccines protect against serious illness and death, little New Zealand (NZ) data exists about the impact of Omicron - and effectiveness of vaccination - on different population groups. We aim to examine the impact of  Omicron  on Māori, Pacific and Other ethnicities and how this interacts with age and vaccination status in the Te Manawa Taki Midland region of NZ. Daily Covid-19 infection and hospitalisation rates (01/02/2022 - 29/06/2022) were calculated for Māori, Pacific and Other ethnicities for six age bands. A multivariate logistic regression model quantified the effects of ethnicity, age, and vaccination on hospitalisation rates. Per-capita Omicron cases were highest and occurred earliest among Pacific (9 per 1,000) and Māori (5 per 1,000) people and were highest among 12-24 year-olds (7 per 1,000). Hospitalisation was significantly more likely for Māori (OR=2.03), Pacific people (OR=1.75), over 75-year olds (OR=39.22), and unvaccinated people (OR=4.64). Length of hospitalisation is strongly related to age. Covid-19 vaccination reduces hospitalisations for older individuals and Māori and Pacific populations. Omicron inequitably impacted Māori and Pacific people through higher per-capita infection and hospitalisation rates. Older people are more likely to be hospitalised and for longer.

year: 2023-04-24