title: Reflections on the history of Australasian gardens and landscapes

authors: Beattie, James John

subjects: Australasian gardens

abstract: The articles in this special issue on Australasian gardens and landscapes examine the fraught and challenging processes of perception, and of settling and making new gardens and landscapes. The issue focuses on the period of European colonization, marked in Australia by the settlement at Botany Bay in 1788 and in New Zealand from its formal colonization in 1840 through the Treaty of Waitangi, signed between the indigenous Maori and the British Crown. The articles move chronologically through this 220-year period to explore the different garden making and landscapes evident in this period.

text: Reflections on the history of Australasian gardens and landscapes The articles in this special issue on Australasian gardens and landscapes examine the fraught and challenging processes of perception, and of settling and making new gardens and landscapes. The issue focuses on the period of European colonization, marked in Australia by the settlement at Botany Bay in 1788 and in New Zealand from its formal colonization in 1840 through the Treaty of Waitangi, signed between the indigenous Maori and the British Crown. The articles move chronologically through this 220-year period to explore the different garden making and landscapes evident in this period.

year: 2011

title: Urban affairs in New Zealand

authors: Kenward, J.K.

abstract: This thesis is an analysis of the decision-making processes from which emerge the pattern and form of New Zealand’s “growth and development”. Involving three distinct but interrelated sections the analysis examines the nature of the relations which exist between “government” and “private” interests and the effect of decisions taken in both spheres for areas of concern such as regional development, local and regional planning, and the provision of housing. Decisions are seen to reflect processes whereby competing centres of influence negotiate with one another while, at the same time, attempting to manoeuvre into positions of competitive advantage.

The first section involves an examination of the monetary policies of successive National administrations during the nineteen sixties and early seventies. This provides a framework within which to understand not only the effects of central government financial policies on private institutional investment decisions but also the repercussions of these decisions for New Zealand’s “growth and development”. The section also compares the respective economic and financial philosophies of the Labour and National Parties and their differing views on the extent to which central government should intervene in “private” decisions.

Subsequent sections examine Labour’s attempts to implement its “social” policies between 1972 and 1975. This involves a detailed account of the measures adopted by Labour to implement its housing policies. This empirical material is examined by a case study of a Hamilton City boundary extension proposal. It provides insight into the “strategy” adopted by one local authority to strengthen its negotiating position in  relation to both central government and “private” interests. By using its statutory powers and position in the Hamilton Regional Planning Authority the Council attempted to pressure the Labour Government to commit itself to local and regional planning policies and to provide additional financial assistance to the City for the provision of services.

text: Urban affairs in New Zealand This thesis is an analysis of the decision-making processes from which emerge the pattern and form of New Zealand’s “growth and development”. Involving three distinct but interrelated sections the analysis examines the nature of the relations which exist between “government” and “private” interests and the effect of decisions taken in both spheres for areas of concern such as regional development, local and regional planning, and the provision of housing. Decisions are seen to reflect processes whereby competing centres of influence negotiate with one another while, at the same time, attempting to manoeuvre into positions of competitive advantage.

The first section involves an examination of the monetary policies of successive National administrations during the nineteen sixties and early seventies. This provides a framework within which to understand not only the effects of central government financial policies on private institutional investment decisions but also the repercussions of these decisions for New Zealand’s “growth and development”. The section also compares the respective economic and financial philosophies of the Labour and National Parties and their differing views on the extent to which central government should intervene in “private” decisions.

Subsequent sections examine Labour’s attempts to implement its “social” policies between 1972 and 1975. This involves a detailed account of the measures adopted by Labour to implement its housing policies. This empirical material is examined by a case study of a Hamilton City boundary extension proposal. It provides insight into the “strategy” adopted by one local authority to strengthen its negotiating position in  relation to both central government and “private” interests. By using its statutory powers and position in the Hamilton Regional Planning Authority the Council attempted to pressure the Labour Government to commit itself to local and regional planning policies and to provide additional financial assistance to the City for the provision of services.

year: 1977

title: A Pilot investigation into the assessment of changes in the psycholinguistic abilities of new-entrant Māori school children using the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities

authors: St George, William Vivian Ross

abstract: The role of language as the principal medium of instruction within the New Zealand (N .Z.) educational system has recently received increasing attention both from researchers and those responsible for the formulation of our national educational policy. In particular, much attention has been directed toward the Maori pupil and the use of the English language as the medium for his instruction. The range of literature on this question includes controlled research studies on English usage by Maori children, educational policy statements concerning the - medium of instruction to be employed in New Zealand schools and writings of a more speculative, and potentially political nature, questioning educational policy and the role of language in "Maori education".

text: A Pilot investigation into the assessment of changes in the psycholinguistic abilities of new-entrant Māori school children using the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities The role of language as the principal medium of instruction within the New Zealand (N .Z.) educational system has recently received increasing attention both from researchers and those responsible for the formulation of our national educational policy. In particular, much attention has been directed toward the Maori pupil and the use of the English language as the medium for his instruction. The range of literature on this question includes controlled research studies on English usage by Maori children, educational policy statements concerning the - medium of instruction to be employed in New Zealand schools and writings of a more speculative, and potentially political nature, questioning educational policy and the role of language in "Maori education".

year: 1969