title: Iwasawa theory over solvable three-dimensional p-adic Lie extensions

authors: Qin, Chao

subjects: Iwasawa theory

abstract: Iwasawa theory is a powerful tool which describes the mysterious relationship between arithmetic objects (motives) and the special values of L-functions. A precise form of this relationship is neatly encoded in the so-called "Iwasawa Main Conjecture". Classically the Main Conjecture (as formulated by Iwasawa himself) involved the behaviour of ideal class groups over cyclotomic Zp-extensions, and related this to the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic zeta-function. During the last two decades, the main conjecture has been greatly generalized to admissible p-adic Lie extensions, and provides a conjectural relationship between L-values of motives and their associated Selmer groups. A key component of the “Non-commutative Iwasawa Main Conjecture” in [CFK+05] predicts the existence of an analytic p-adic L-function L an M inside K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) . To establish the existence of such an object, we need to be able to do two things: (1) describe K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) in terms of the Artin representations factoring through G∞ using p-adic congruences, and then (2) show for each motive that the abelian fragments satisfy these congruences. This thesis provides a complete answer to the first task (1), in the specific situation where the pro-p-group G∞ has dimension ≤ 3 and is torsion-free. We completely describe K1(Zp[[G∞]]) and its localisations by using an infinite family of p-adic congruences, where G∞ is any solvable p-adic Lie group of dimension 3. This builds on earlier work of Kato when dim(G∞) = 2, and of Daniel Delbourgo and Lloyd Peters when G∞ ∼= Z × p ⋉Zd p with a scalar action of Z × p . The method exploits the classification of 3-dimensional p-adic Lie groups due to González-Sánchez and Klopsch, as well as the fundamental ideas of Kakde, Burns, etc. in non-commutative Iwasawa theory. We also undertake a short study of elliptic curves over GL2(Fp)-extensions, and compile some numerical evidence in support of the first layer congruences predicted by Kakde [Kak17] for non-CM curves.

text: Iwasawa theory over solvable three-dimensional p-adic Lie extensions Iwasawa theory is a powerful tool which describes the mysterious relationship between arithmetic objects (motives) and the special values of L-functions. A precise form of this relationship is neatly encoded in the so-called "Iwasawa Main Conjecture". Classically the Main Conjecture (as formulated by Iwasawa himself) involved the behaviour of ideal class groups over cyclotomic Zp-extensions, and related this to the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic zeta-function. During the last two decades, the main conjecture has been greatly generalized to admissible p-adic Lie extensions, and provides a conjectural relationship between L-values of motives and their associated Selmer groups. A key component of the “Non-commutative Iwasawa Main Conjecture” in [CFK+05] predicts the existence of an analytic p-adic L-function L an M inside K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) . To establish the existence of such an object, we need to be able to do two things: (1) describe K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) in terms of the Artin representations factoring through G∞ using p-adic congruences, and then (2) show for each motive that the abelian fragments satisfy these congruences. This thesis provides a complete answer to the first task (1), in the specific situation where the pro-p-group G∞ has dimension ≤ 3 and is torsion-free. We completely describe K1(Zp[[G∞]]) and its localisations by using an infinite family of p-adic congruences, where G∞ is any solvable p-adic Lie group of dimension 3. This builds on earlier work of Kato when dim(G∞) = 2, and of Daniel Delbourgo and Lloyd Peters when G∞ ∼= Z × p ⋉Zd p with a scalar action of Z × p . The method exploits the classification of 3-dimensional p-adic Lie groups due to González-Sánchez and Klopsch, as well as the fundamental ideas of Kakde, Burns, etc. in non-commutative Iwasawa theory. We also undertake a short study of elliptic curves over GL2(Fp)-extensions, and compile some numerical evidence in support of the first layer congruences predicted by Kakde [Kak17] for non-CM curves.

year: 2018

title: Standardizing definitions and reporting guidelines for the infertility core outcome set: an international consensus development study.

authors: Duffy, J.M.N.

subjects: Female infertility

abstract: STUDY QUESTION: Can consensus definitions for the core outcome set for infertility be identified in order to recommend a standardized approach to reporting? 
SUMMARY ANSWER: Consensus definitions for individual core outcomes, contextual statements, and a standardized reporting table have been developed. 
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Different definitions exist for individual core outcomes for infertility. This variation increases the opportunities for researchers to engage with selective outcome reporting, which undermines secondary research and compromises clinical practice guideline development. 
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Potential definitions were identified by a systematic review of definition development initiatives and clinical practice guidelines and by reviewing Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. These definitions were discussed in a face-to-face consensus development meeting, which agreed consensus definitions. A standardized approach to reporting was also developed as part of the process. 
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Healthcare professionals, researchers, and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus development methods. 
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Forty-four potential definitions were inventoried across four definition development initiatives, including the Harbin Consensus Conference Workshop Group and International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, 12 clinical practice guidelines, and Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. Twenty-seven participants, from 11 countries, contributed to the consensus development meeting. Consensus definitions were successfully developed for all core outcomes. Specific recommendations were made to improve reporting. 
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: We used consensus development methods, which have inherent limitations. There was limited representation from low- and middle-income countries. 
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: A minimum data set should assist researchers in populating protocols, case report forms, and other data collection tools. The generic reporting table should provide clear guidance to researchers and improve the reporting of their results within journal publications and conference presentations. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement, and over 80 specialty journals have committed to implementing this core outcome set. 
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This research was funded by the Catalyst Fund, Royal Society of New Zealand, Auckland Medical Research Fund, and Maurice and Phyllis Paykel Trust. Siladitya Bhattacharya reports being the Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction Open and an editor of the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group. Hans Evers reports being the Editor Emeritus of Human Reproduction. Richard Legro reports consultancy fees from Abbvie, Bayer, Ferring, Fractyl, Insud Pharma and Kindex and research sponsorship from Guerbet and Hass Avocado Board. Ben Mol reports consultancy fees from Guerbet, iGenomix, Merck, Merck KGaA and ObsEva. Craig Niederberger reports being the Editor-in-Chief of Fertility and Sterility and Section Editor of the Journal of Urology, research sponsorship from Ferring, and a financial interest in NexHand. Ernest Ng reports research sponsorship from Merck. Annika Strandell reports consultancy fees from Guerbet. Jack Wilkinson reports being a statistical editor for the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group. Andy Vail reports that he is a Statistical Editor of the Cochrane Gynaecology & Fertility Review Group and of the journal Reproduction. His employing institution has received payment from HFEA for his advice on review of research evidence to inform their 'traffic light' system for infertility treatment 'add-ons'. Lan Vuong reports consultancy and conference fees from Ferring, Merck and Merck Sharp and Dohme. The remaining authors declare no competing interests in relation to the work presented. All authors have completed the disclosure form. 
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative: 1023.

text: Standardizing definitions and reporting guidelines for the infertility core outcome set: an international consensus development study. STUDY QUESTION: Can consensus definitions for the core outcome set for infertility be identified in order to recommend a standardized approach to reporting? 
SUMMARY ANSWER: Consensus definitions for individual core outcomes, contextual statements, and a standardized reporting table have been developed. 
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Different definitions exist for individual core outcomes for infertility. This variation increases the opportunities for researchers to engage with selective outcome reporting, which undermines secondary research and compromises clinical practice guideline development. 
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: Potential definitions were identified by a systematic review of definition development initiatives and clinical practice guidelines and by reviewing Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. These definitions were discussed in a face-to-face consensus development meeting, which agreed consensus definitions. A standardized approach to reporting was also developed as part of the process. 
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Healthcare professionals, researchers, and people with fertility problems were brought together in an open and transparent process using formal consensus development methods. 
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Forty-four potential definitions were inventoried across four definition development initiatives, including the Harbin Consensus Conference Workshop Group and International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies, 12 clinical practice guidelines, and Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group guidelines. Twenty-seven participants, from 11 countries, contributed to the consensus development meeting. Consensus definitions were successfully developed for all core outcomes. Specific recommendations were made to improve reporting. 
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: We used consensus development methods, which have inherent limitations. There was limited representation from low- and middle-income countries. 
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: A minimum data set should assist researchers in populating protocols, case report forms, and other data collection tools. The generic reporting table should provide clear guidance to researchers and improve the reporting of their results within journal publications and conference presentations. Research funding bodies, the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials statement, and over 80 specialty journals have committed to implementing this core outcome set. 
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This research was funded by the Catalyst Fund, Royal Society of New Zealand, Auckland Medical Research Fund, and Maurice and Phyllis Paykel Trust. Siladitya Bhattacharya reports being the Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction Open and an editor of the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group. Hans Evers reports being the Editor Emeritus of Human Reproduction. Richard Legro reports consultancy fees from Abbvie, Bayer, Ferring, Fractyl, Insud Pharma and Kindex and research sponsorship from Guerbet and Hass Avocado Board. Ben Mol reports consultancy fees from Guerbet, iGenomix, Merck, Merck KGaA and ObsEva. Craig Niederberger reports being the Editor-in-Chief of Fertility and Sterility and Section Editor of the Journal of Urology, research sponsorship from Ferring, and a financial interest in NexHand. Ernest Ng reports research sponsorship from Merck. Annika Strandell reports consultancy fees from Guerbet. Jack Wilkinson reports being a statistical editor for the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group. Andy Vail reports that he is a Statistical Editor of the Cochrane Gynaecology & Fertility Review Group and of the journal Reproduction. His employing institution has received payment from HFEA for his advice on review of research evidence to inform their 'traffic light' system for infertility treatment 'add-ons'. Lan Vuong reports consultancy and conference fees from Ferring, Merck and Merck Sharp and Dohme. The remaining authors declare no competing interests in relation to the work presented. All authors have completed the disclosure form. 
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials Initiative: 1023.

year: 2021

title: Claiming collective space: Kaupapa Maori in psychology

authors: Levy, Michelle Patricia

subjects: Maori

abstract: From its inception, the Psychology Department at the University of Waikato has had a focus on issues of culture, particularly those of relevance for Maori, with these early foundations laid by Emeritus Professor James Ritchie, who in 1965 took up the founding chair of the Department. These foundations have continued to be built on, utilising a variety of different strategies. Drawing on a research base which has emerged primarily from within the Maori and Psychology Research Unit at Waikato University, this paper explores strategies which have served to carve out and claim space for Maori, both within the department, and within the wider discipline of psychology.

text: Claiming collective space: Kaupapa Maori in psychology From its inception, the Psychology Department at the University of Waikato has had a focus on issues of culture, particularly those of relevance for Maori, with these early foundations laid by Emeritus Professor James Ritchie, who in 1965 took up the founding chair of the Department. These foundations have continued to be built on, utilising a variety of different strategies. Drawing on a research base which has emerged primarily from within the Maori and Psychology Research Unit at Waikato University, this paper explores strategies which have served to carve out and claim space for Maori, both within the department, and within the wider discipline of psychology.

year: 2008