title: Use of effective-capacitance variation as a measure of state-of-health in a series-connected automotive battery pack

authors: Leijen, Peter

subjects: Hybrid Electric Vehicles

abstract: In electric and hybrid-electric vehicles, series-connected battery packs are commonly used. Should the state-of-health (SOH) of one or several individual cells deteriorate, the entire battery pack is affected, reducing battery pack capacity which in turn reduces the maximum distance able to be driven. In order to predict the SOH of the individual battery cells, this paper introduces the concept of effective battery capacitance. Effective capacitance is defined as the local slope of the voltage vs charge curve derived from a third-order polynomial relationship between these parameters. The location of maximum effective capacitance can be used as a means of identifying end-of-life and/or catastrophic failure of battery modules. Four different Toyota Prius battery packs were used in establishing this method in the proof of concept work. The paper presents a linear relationship between maximum effective capacitance and SOH; this relationship is confirmed with a larger dataset.

text: Use of effective-capacitance variation as a measure of state-of-health in a series-connected automotive battery pack In electric and hybrid-electric vehicles, series-connected battery packs are commonly used. Should the state-of-health (SOH) of one or several individual cells deteriorate, the entire battery pack is affected, reducing battery pack capacity which in turn reduces the maximum distance able to be driven. In order to predict the SOH of the individual battery cells, this paper introduces the concept of effective battery capacitance. Effective capacitance is defined as the local slope of the voltage vs charge curve derived from a third-order polynomial relationship between these parameters. The location of maximum effective capacitance can be used as a means of identifying end-of-life and/or catastrophic failure of battery modules. Four different Toyota Prius battery packs were used in establishing this method in the proof of concept work. The paper presents a linear relationship between maximum effective capacitance and SOH; this relationship is confirmed with a larger dataset.

year: 2017

title: New Zealand families: Child-rearing practices and attitudes

authors: Ritchie, Jane

subjects: psychology

abstract: Traditionally, the study of families has been the domain of sociology rather than of psychology. For sociologists the family is an important ‘institution’ because it is a key social structure that shapes the way society is organised. More recently psychology has been developing an interest in families.

text: New Zealand families: Child-rearing practices and attitudes Traditionally, the study of families has been the domain of sociology rather than of psychology. For sociologists the family is an important ‘institution’ because it is a key social structure that shapes the way society is organised. More recently psychology has been developing an interest in families.

year: 2007

title: Taku manatawa, taku manapou. The learning of te reo Māori in adulthood: Perceptions of its contribution to overall wellbeing

authors: Rolleston, Jamie Huia

subjects: maori

abstract: Ko te tāhuhu o tēnei whare rangahau ko te toiora o te tangata. Ko te tūāpapa o te whare, ko te reo Māori. E toru ngā pou tūhono i te tāhuhu ki te papa, mō tēnei rangahau ko aua pou ko te oranga wairua, ko te oranga whānau, ko te oranga tinana. Ko tā tēnei rangahau he āta mātai i aua pou e toru e toko ana i te toiora o te tangata, ā, kia mātai hoki i te hononga o te reo Māori ki aua pou e toru me te toiora tangata.
Ko te pātai matua kei te aroaro o tēnei rangahau ko tēnei : He aha ngā hua o te ako i te reo Māori hei reo tuarua mō te hunga pakeke ake i te tekau mā waru tau?
E toru ngā wāhanga o te pātai matua:
1. He aha ngā hua ā-wairua?
2. He aha ngā hua ā-whānau?
3. He aha ngā hua ā-tinana?
E toru hoki ngā huarahi i whāia ai kia rapua he whakautu ki aua pātai. Tuatahi ake, i tirohia ngā mātātuhi maha e hāngai ana ki te toiora tangata (Upoko tuarua), arā, ko ngā kōrero a ngā mātanga o te ao whānui, o te ao Māori hoki kua whakawhārikitia kētia ki runga i tēnei kaupapa. Ka rua, i tīmata āku ake ketuketunga ki tētahi pākiki ā-ipurangi, ā, i tukuna atu tēnā ki te marea kia whai māramatanga mō ngā momo pānga a te reo Māori ki a rātou (Upoko tuatoru). Ka mutu, i uiuitia tokorima ngā tāngata kia rongo ai i ō rātou wheako ako i te reo me ngā hua i puta mai ki a rātou (Upoko tuawhā).
E ai ki te hunga i whai wāhi mai ki tēnei rangahau ko te hua nui o te reo Māori ko te whai hononga ki te ao Māori me te tuakiri Māori. I puta mai tēnei kōrero i roto i te pākiki me ngā uiuinga. He mātotoru ngā kōrero a te hunga nei mō te kimi i te mea ngaro, ā, mā te ako i te reo Māori i kitea te mea i te ngaro, anō nei i whakakīkīngia tētahi rua ki roto i te tangata. I roto i te pākiki me ngā uiuinga i kumea mai ai i te hunga nei ngā kōrero mō ō rātou oranga i mua i te ako i te reo, i te tīmatanga o te ako i te reo, me te nāianei hoki, ā, he mārakerake noa te kitea he hoa haere te whanaketanga o te reo Māori me te whanaketanga o te taha Māori o te tangata me tōna māramatanga ki a ia anō, ā, mā reira e piki ai he taha toiora o te tangata. I tua atu i wēnei hua, he maha kē atu ngā hua o te reo i puta mai ai i te rangahau nei, ko te whai hononga ki te taiao, ki te whakapapa, ko te whakapiki māia, ā, ko te whai mahi hoki ētahi o ngā hua i tino kitea i roto i ngā whakautu a tēnei hunga.

text: Taku manatawa, taku manapou. The learning of te reo Māori in adulthood: Perceptions of its contribution to overall wellbeing Ko te tāhuhu o tēnei whare rangahau ko te toiora o te tangata. Ko te tūāpapa o te whare, ko te reo Māori. E toru ngā pou tūhono i te tāhuhu ki te papa, mō tēnei rangahau ko aua pou ko te oranga wairua, ko te oranga whānau, ko te oranga tinana. Ko tā tēnei rangahau he āta mātai i aua pou e toru e toko ana i te toiora o te tangata, ā, kia mātai hoki i te hononga o te reo Māori ki aua pou e toru me te toiora tangata.
Ko te pātai matua kei te aroaro o tēnei rangahau ko tēnei : He aha ngā hua o te ako i te reo Māori hei reo tuarua mō te hunga pakeke ake i te tekau mā waru tau?
E toru ngā wāhanga o te pātai matua:
1. He aha ngā hua ā-wairua?
2. He aha ngā hua ā-whānau?
3. He aha ngā hua ā-tinana?
E toru hoki ngā huarahi i whāia ai kia rapua he whakautu ki aua pātai. Tuatahi ake, i tirohia ngā mātātuhi maha e hāngai ana ki te toiora tangata (Upoko tuarua), arā, ko ngā kōrero a ngā mātanga o te ao whānui, o te ao Māori hoki kua whakawhārikitia kētia ki runga i tēnei kaupapa. Ka rua, i tīmata āku ake ketuketunga ki tētahi pākiki ā-ipurangi, ā, i tukuna atu tēnā ki te marea kia whai māramatanga mō ngā momo pānga a te reo Māori ki a rātou (Upoko tuatoru). Ka mutu, i uiuitia tokorima ngā tāngata kia rongo ai i ō rātou wheako ako i te reo me ngā hua i puta mai ki a rātou (Upoko tuawhā).
E ai ki te hunga i whai wāhi mai ki tēnei rangahau ko te hua nui o te reo Māori ko te whai hononga ki te ao Māori me te tuakiri Māori. I puta mai tēnei kōrero i roto i te pākiki me ngā uiuinga. He mātotoru ngā kōrero a te hunga nei mō te kimi i te mea ngaro, ā, mā te ako i te reo Māori i kitea te mea i te ngaro, anō nei i whakakīkīngia tētahi rua ki roto i te tangata. I roto i te pākiki me ngā uiuinga i kumea mai ai i te hunga nei ngā kōrero mō ō rātou oranga i mua i te ako i te reo, i te tīmatanga o te ako i te reo, me te nāianei hoki, ā, he mārakerake noa te kitea he hoa haere te whanaketanga o te reo Māori me te whanaketanga o te taha Māori o te tangata me tōna māramatanga ki a ia anō, ā, mā reira e piki ai he taha toiora o te tangata. I tua atu i wēnei hua, he maha kē atu ngā hua o te reo i puta mai ai i te rangahau nei, ko te whai hononga ki te taiao, ki te whakapapa, ko te whakapiki māia, ā, ko te whai mahi hoki ētahi o ngā hua i tino kitea i roto i ngā whakautu a tēnei hunga.

year: 2015