title: Late Quaternary tephras in the Hamilton Basin, North Island, New Zealand

authors: Lowe, David J.

abstract: This paper summarises the occurrence and distribution of late Quaternary tephras in the Hamilton (Middle Waikato) Basin and outlines a model to explain the pattern of soils formed from them. The collaborative work currently in progress on paleoecological aspects of the late Otiran - Aranuian history of the area is also reported.

text: Late Quaternary tephras in the Hamilton Basin, North Island, New Zealand This paper summarises the occurrence and distribution of late Quaternary tephras in the Hamilton (Middle Waikato) Basin and outlines a model to explain the pattern of soils formed from them. The collaborative work currently in progress on paleoecological aspects of the late Otiran - Aranuian history of the area is also reported.

year: 1981

title: Tamper-Evident Data Provenance

authors: Bany Taha, Mohammad Mustafa Mousa

subjects: Trusted

abstract: Data Provenance describes what has happened to a users data within a ma- chine as a form of digital evidence. However this type of evidence is currently not admissible in courts of law, because the integrity of data provenance can- not be guaranteed. Tools which capture data provenance must either prevent, or be able to detect changes to the information they produce, i.e. tamper-proof or tamper-evident.
Most current tools aim to be tamper-evident, and capture data provenance at a kernel level or higher. However, these tools do not provide a secure mechanism for transferring data provenance to a centralised location, while providing data integrity and confidentiality.
In this thesis we propose a tamper-evident framework to fill this gap by using a widely-available hardware security chip: the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). We apply our framework to Progger, a cloud-based provenance logger, and demonstrate the completeness, confidentiality and admissibility require- ments for data provenance, enabling the information to be used as digital evidence in courts of law.

text: Tamper-Evident Data Provenance Data Provenance describes what has happened to a users data within a ma- chine as a form of digital evidence. However this type of evidence is currently not admissible in courts of law, because the integrity of data provenance can- not be guaranteed. Tools which capture data provenance must either prevent, or be able to detect changes to the information they produce, i.e. tamper-proof or tamper-evident.
Most current tools aim to be tamper-evident, and capture data provenance at a kernel level or higher. However, these tools do not provide a secure mechanism for transferring data provenance to a centralised location, while providing data integrity and confidentiality.
In this thesis we propose a tamper-evident framework to fill this gap by using a widely-available hardware security chip: the Trusted Platform Module (TPM). We apply our framework to Progger, a cloud-based provenance logger, and demonstrate the completeness, confidentiality and admissibility require- ments for data provenance, enabling the information to be used as digital evidence in courts of law.

year: 2015

title: Outcomes in different ethnic groups of New Zealand patients with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer.

authors: Lawrenson, Ross

subjects: Breast screening

abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare characteristics and survival of New Zealand European, Māori, and Pacific women with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer. 
METHODS: Women aged 45-69 diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between January 2005 and May 2013 were identified from the Waikato and Auckland Breast Cancer Registries. Patient demographics and tumour characteristics were described by detection mode and ethnicity. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the five-year breast cancer-specific survival of women with stage I-III breast cancer by ethnicity and detection mode. 
RESULTS: Women with screen-detected cancers were older, had smaller tumours, fewer stage IV (0.8% vs. 7.6%), fewer high grade (16.8% vs. 39.0%), and fewer lymph node positive diseases (26.3% vs. 51.5%) than women with non-screen-detected cancers. There were more Luminal A (70.0% vs. 54.0%), fewer human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive non-Luminal (4.4% vs. 8.8%), and fewer triple negative cases (7.0% vs. 13.8%) in screen-detected than non-screen-detected cancers. If not screen detected, 22.7% of breast cancers in Pacific women were stage IV compared with 2.4% if screen detected. If not screen detected, the five-year breast cancer-specific survival was 91.1% for New Zealand European women, 84.2% for Māori women, and 80.2% for Pacific women (p-value <0.001). For screen-detected breast cancer, survival between different ethnic groups was similar.
CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancers detected through screening are diagnosed at an earlier stage and have a greater proportion of subtypes, with better outcome. Variations in survival for Māori and Pacific women are only found in women with non-screen-detected breast cancer.

text: Outcomes in different ethnic groups of New Zealand patients with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: To compare characteristics and survival of New Zealand European, Māori, and Pacific women with screen-detected vs. non-screen-detected breast cancer. 
METHODS: Women aged 45-69 diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between January 2005 and May 2013 were identified from the Waikato and Auckland Breast Cancer Registries. Patient demographics and tumour characteristics were described by detection mode and ethnicity. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the five-year breast cancer-specific survival of women with stage I-III breast cancer by ethnicity and detection mode. 
RESULTS: Women with screen-detected cancers were older, had smaller tumours, fewer stage IV (0.8% vs. 7.6%), fewer high grade (16.8% vs. 39.0%), and fewer lymph node positive diseases (26.3% vs. 51.5%) than women with non-screen-detected cancers. There were more Luminal A (70.0% vs. 54.0%), fewer human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive non-Luminal (4.4% vs. 8.8%), and fewer triple negative cases (7.0% vs. 13.8%) in screen-detected than non-screen-detected cancers. If not screen detected, 22.7% of breast cancers in Pacific women were stage IV compared with 2.4% if screen detected. If not screen detected, the five-year breast cancer-specific survival was 91.1% for New Zealand European women, 84.2% for Māori women, and 80.2% for Pacific women (p-value <0.001). For screen-detected breast cancer, survival between different ethnic groups was similar.
CONCLUSIONS: Breast cancers detected through screening are diagnosed at an earlier stage and have a greater proportion of subtypes, with better outcome. Variations in survival for Māori and Pacific women are only found in women with non-screen-detected breast cancer.

year: 2019