title: Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Leaky-Wave Antennas using Periodically Loaded Patches above PEC and AMC Ground Planes

authors: Zhang, Qingle

subjects: Leaky-wave antenna

abstract: This letter proposes two spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) leaky-wave antennas using periodically loaded patches above perfect electric conductor (PEC) and artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) ground planes, respectively. The SSPP leaky-wave antenna is based on an SSPP transmission line, along which circular patches are periodically loaded on both sides to provide an additional momentum for phase matching with the radiated waves in the air. The PEC and AMC ground planes underneath the antenna reflect the radiated waves into the upward space, leading to an enhanced radiation gain. Both PEC- and AMC-grounded antenna prototypes are fabricated and measured in comparison with the one without any ground plane. The experimental results show that the PEC and AMC ground planes increase the radiation gain by approximately 3 dB within the operational frequency range 4.5-6.5 GHz. It also demonstrates that the AMC-grounded leaky-wave antenna, with a thickness of 0.08λ₀ at 6 GHz, features more compact profile than the PEC-grounded one (with a thickness of 0.3λ₀ at 6 GHz).

text: Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Leaky-Wave Antennas using Periodically Loaded Patches above PEC and AMC Ground Planes This letter proposes two spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) leaky-wave antennas using periodically loaded patches above perfect electric conductor (PEC) and artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) ground planes, respectively. The SSPP leaky-wave antenna is based on an SSPP transmission line, along which circular patches are periodically loaded on both sides to provide an additional momentum for phase matching with the radiated waves in the air. The PEC and AMC ground planes underneath the antenna reflect the radiated waves into the upward space, leading to an enhanced radiation gain. Both PEC- and AMC-grounded antenna prototypes are fabricated and measured in comparison with the one without any ground plane. The experimental results show that the PEC and AMC ground planes increase the radiation gain by approximately 3 dB within the operational frequency range 4.5-6.5 GHz. It also demonstrates that the AMC-grounded leaky-wave antenna, with a thickness of 0.08λ₀ at 6 GHz, features more compact profile than the PEC-grounded one (with a thickness of 0.3λ₀ at 6 GHz).

year: 2017

title: Resilience and housing markets: Who is it really for?

authors: Squires, Graham

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Ten years after the Global Financial Crisis, this research examines how resilience theory and rhetoric relating to the economy and housing markets has been translated into policy and practice. The methodology involves a case study of a city (Auckland) with a nationally dominant housing market and high unaffordability. Via secondary literature and a series of interviews we analyse questions connected to resilience from what, how, by whom, and discuss the implications and limits of the approach. The research demonstrates that resilience policies have focused on providing institutional stability to shock, rather than adaptation or transformation to a state that is less exposed to the systemic risks associated with flows of global capital, debt, and speculative activity. This is related to how the whole concept is vaguely defined. In the absence of guidance, institutions reinterpret resilience in a way that underpins existing market and regulatory logics, such as by increasing capital reserves or lending ratios. As a consequence, the dominant political economy, selected institutions, and to an extent, existing homeowners and speculative investors are privileged in resilience policy. By bringing these selectivities and limits to light we argue for a shift in focus away from an institutional frame to one with a deeper understanding of both the balance of an economy and the wider forces that create and reproduce housing markets.

text: Resilience and housing markets: Who is it really for? Ten years after the Global Financial Crisis, this research examines how resilience theory and rhetoric relating to the economy and housing markets has been translated into policy and practice. The methodology involves a case study of a city (Auckland) with a nationally dominant housing market and high unaffordability. Via secondary literature and a series of interviews we analyse questions connected to resilience from what, how, by whom, and discuss the implications and limits of the approach. The research demonstrates that resilience policies have focused on providing institutional stability to shock, rather than adaptation or transformation to a state that is less exposed to the systemic risks associated with flows of global capital, debt, and speculative activity. This is related to how the whole concept is vaguely defined. In the absence of guidance, institutions reinterpret resilience in a way that underpins existing market and regulatory logics, such as by increasing capital reserves or lending ratios. As a consequence, the dominant political economy, selected institutions, and to an extent, existing homeowners and speculative investors are privileged in resilience policy. By bringing these selectivities and limits to light we argue for a shift in focus away from an institutional frame to one with a deeper understanding of both the balance of an economy and the wider forces that create and reproduce housing markets.

year: 2019

title: Human dimensions of global environmental change: A review of frameworks and research gaps.

authors: Urich, Peter

subjects: global environmental change

abstract: This review of current knowledge in, and development of, priorities for research into the human dimensions of global environmental change has been conducted to assist the Foundation for Research Science and Technology to formulate their research needs agenda. An overview of the emergence of the human dimension of the global environmental change research field is used as a prelude to a review of the international literature on frameworks for conducting human dimensions research. The terminology used in the human dimension field is diverse. An attempt is therefore made to consolidate the myriad of definitions for key concepts, in order to form a basis for human dimensions research in New Zealand and build a platform for the remainder of this report. Three disciplinary areas of academic inquiry were explored in the context of human dimensions of global environmental change research: economics, law and biological sciences. These disciplinary perspectives are reviewed through the international literature and in a New Zealand context. A conceptual framework for research into the human dimensions of global environmental change is provided based on the knowledge-base developed from the both international and New Zealand research. Core concepts, such as found in multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary research are reviewed in historical context to form the basis for a specific research framework for New Zealand. Some general needs for research are derived from the New Zealand framework. The remainder of this report details the methods used for drawing out expert opinion on the priorities for research on the human dimensions of global environmental change in the context of information, knowledge and method. Thirty-eight interviews and two hui were conducted and 254 research needs defined by questions were obtained. A modified Delphi technique was applied to the questions and prioritised lists of responses are provided. The final list
Provides European/Pakeha and Māori perspectives. Divergence and convergence between the European/Pakeha and Māori responses is provided, as well as justification for the prioritisation stance that is taken. This research had four outputs: A conceptual framework for considering the human dimensions of global environmental changes and research contributions; A description of the gaps in knowledge that impede effective response to global change and provisional research needs: one for New Zealand generally, and one on Māori in particular; A network of end-users and research providers that are cognisant of, and contributors to, the human dimensions research assessment; A set of priority research needs pertaining to the human dimensions of global environmental change, in a form suitable for use by FRST.

text: Human dimensions of global environmental change: A review of frameworks and research gaps. This review of current knowledge in, and development of, priorities for research into the human dimensions of global environmental change has been conducted to assist the Foundation for Research Science and Technology to formulate their research needs agenda. An overview of the emergence of the human dimension of the global environmental change research field is used as a prelude to a review of the international literature on frameworks for conducting human dimensions research. The terminology used in the human dimension field is diverse. An attempt is therefore made to consolidate the myriad of definitions for key concepts, in order to form a basis for human dimensions research in New Zealand and build a platform for the remainder of this report. Three disciplinary areas of academic inquiry were explored in the context of human dimensions of global environmental change research: economics, law and biological sciences. These disciplinary perspectives are reviewed through the international literature and in a New Zealand context. A conceptual framework for research into the human dimensions of global environmental change is provided based on the knowledge-base developed from the both international and New Zealand research. Core concepts, such as found in multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary research are reviewed in historical context to form the basis for a specific research framework for New Zealand. Some general needs for research are derived from the New Zealand framework. The remainder of this report details the methods used for drawing out expert opinion on the priorities for research on the human dimensions of global environmental change in the context of information, knowledge and method. Thirty-eight interviews and two hui were conducted and 254 research needs defined by questions were obtained. A modified Delphi technique was applied to the questions and prioritised lists of responses are provided. The final list
Provides European/Pakeha and Māori perspectives. Divergence and convergence between the European/Pakeha and Māori responses is provided, as well as justification for the prioritisation stance that is taken. This research had four outputs: A conceptual framework for considering the human dimensions of global environmental changes and research contributions; A description of the gaps in knowledge that impede effective response to global change and provisional research needs: one for New Zealand generally, and one on Māori in particular; A network of end-users and research providers that are cognisant of, and contributors to, the human dimensions research assessment; A set of priority research needs pertaining to the human dimensions of global environmental change, in a form suitable for use by FRST.

year: 2005-12-01