title: What was the original forest composition of Great Island (Three Kings)?

authors: de Lange, P.J.

abstract: Following the extermination of goats (Capra bircus) from Great Island in 1946 the recovery of that island's vegetation has been of tremendous scientific interest. Numerous papers have been written on the subject and recent visits to Great Island by the Northland Conservancy have continued to document changes in forest structure. Since 1989 it is becoming evident that in many places the monotonous and extremely dense kanuka (Kunzea ericoides s.l.) canopy is starting to collapse, presumably due to the combined affects of old age and exposure to the often stormy maritime climate. Of interest is what the new forest structure will be. While in places the canopy and understorey is now dotted with rapidly growing specimens of porokaiwhiri (Hedycarya arborea), mangeao (Litsea calicaris) (Cameron et al. 1987; P.]. de Lange pers. obs.) and albeit less frequently, titoki (Alectryon excelsus var. grandis), the spread of these trees is being hampered by a lack of natural seed dispersers. Therefore many patches of forest either lack an understorey or have a forest composition comprising short-lived smaller trees such as pukanui (Meryta sinclairii), cabbage tree (Cordyline kaspar), Three Kings rangiora (Brachyglottis arborescens) or shorter stature trees (really large shrubs) e.g. Fairchild's kohuhu (Pittosporum fairchildii) and Oliver's mapou (Myrsine oliverii).

text: What was the original forest composition of Great Island (Three Kings)? Following the extermination of goats (Capra bircus) from Great Island in 1946 the recovery of that island's vegetation has been of tremendous scientific interest. Numerous papers have been written on the subject and recent visits to Great Island by the Northland Conservancy have continued to document changes in forest structure. Since 1989 it is becoming evident that in many places the monotonous and extremely dense kanuka (Kunzea ericoides s.l.) canopy is starting to collapse, presumably due to the combined affects of old age and exposure to the often stormy maritime climate. Of interest is what the new forest structure will be. While in places the canopy and understorey is now dotted with rapidly growing specimens of porokaiwhiri (Hedycarya arborea), mangeao (Litsea calicaris) (Cameron et al. 1987; P.]. de Lange pers. obs.) and albeit less frequently, titoki (Alectryon excelsus var. grandis), the spread of these trees is being hampered by a lack of natural seed dispersers. Therefore many patches of forest either lack an understorey or have a forest composition comprising short-lived smaller trees such as pukanui (Meryta sinclairii), cabbage tree (Cordyline kaspar), Three Kings rangiora (Brachyglottis arborescens) or shorter stature trees (really large shrubs) e.g. Fairchild's kohuhu (Pittosporum fairchildii) and Oliver's mapou (Myrsine oliverii).

year: 1996

title: A peer professional learning group: A professional identity forum

authors: Alford, Zoë

subjects: peer

abstract: In response to the challenges of academic work when studying for Masters of Counselling degrees at a distance from the university while living in a geographically isolated community in Aotearoa New Zealand, Kandyce Bevan, Nicola Carroll and I came together to work in a peer professional learning group. This thesis tells the stories of how we worked together, and what we did when we worked together. Although our original intentions in working together were to help each other with our university studies and practise counselling skills, what we achieved was the provision of a forum for performing, audiencing, and authenticating our fledgling professional identities and knowledge in the liminal phase of the rite of passage between being positioned as students at university and full immersion in professional practice.

Nicola, Kandyce and I collaborated in deciding the focus, research question, and method for this project. We drew on the practices and postmodern philosophies of narrative therapy in our deliberations. Accordingly, social constructionism, post-structuralism, discourse and positioning theories underpin this project. The method chosen was a bricolage of qualitative research methods: co-operative inquiry, appreciative inquiry, narrative inquiry, and participatory action research.
We met five times for this project. The first three meetings were to decide and refine the focus of the project, the research question and the method. The fourth meeting was the main data-generating conversation. In the fifth meeting Nicola and Kandyce were invited to comment on, and contribute to, the stories I had constructed from our conversations. 
The key finding of this project was that it is important, useful, and indeed may be necessary, for students learning a postmodern approach to counselling to have an appropriate forum outside the university in which their fledgling professional identities and knowledge can be performed, audienced and authenticated. Many students will be able to engage supervisors with a matched paradigm for the purpose of such performances. However, in the absence of supervisors who know narrative practice, such performance of professional identity may not be possible. A peer professional learning group, such as ours, may not be able to fulfil all of the functions of supervision, but it can provide a forum to contribute significantly to the shaping of professional identity. It can also provide a safe place to practise counselling skills ethically, and act as a crucible for the co-construction of knowledge.

text: A peer professional learning group: A professional identity forum In response to the challenges of academic work when studying for Masters of Counselling degrees at a distance from the university while living in a geographically isolated community in Aotearoa New Zealand, Kandyce Bevan, Nicola Carroll and I came together to work in a peer professional learning group. This thesis tells the stories of how we worked together, and what we did when we worked together. Although our original intentions in working together were to help each other with our university studies and practise counselling skills, what we achieved was the provision of a forum for performing, audiencing, and authenticating our fledgling professional identities and knowledge in the liminal phase of the rite of passage between being positioned as students at university and full immersion in professional practice.

Nicola, Kandyce and I collaborated in deciding the focus, research question, and method for this project. We drew on the practices and postmodern philosophies of narrative therapy in our deliberations. Accordingly, social constructionism, post-structuralism, discourse and positioning theories underpin this project. The method chosen was a bricolage of qualitative research methods: co-operative inquiry, appreciative inquiry, narrative inquiry, and participatory action research.
We met five times for this project. The first three meetings were to decide and refine the focus of the project, the research question and the method. The fourth meeting was the main data-generating conversation. In the fifth meeting Nicola and Kandyce were invited to comment on, and contribute to, the stories I had constructed from our conversations. 
The key finding of this project was that it is important, useful, and indeed may be necessary, for students learning a postmodern approach to counselling to have an appropriate forum outside the university in which their fledgling professional identities and knowledge can be performed, audienced and authenticated. Many students will be able to engage supervisors with a matched paradigm for the purpose of such performances. However, in the absence of supervisors who know narrative practice, such performance of professional identity may not be possible. A peer professional learning group, such as ours, may not be able to fulfil all of the functions of supervision, but it can provide a forum to contribute significantly to the shaping of professional identity. It can also provide a safe place to practise counselling skills ethically, and act as a crucible for the co-construction of knowledge.

year: 2012

title: Exploring inequity in access to medications for Type 2 Diabetes in primary care in the Waikato region: Final report

authors: Lawrenson, Ross

abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing health issue in New Zealand (NZ) that disproportionately affects twice as many Māori as non-Māori and an increasing number of younger people. T2D is associated with a range of microvascular and macrovascular complications, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the latter being the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality in this patient group. However, complications are reduced in patients that have improved glycaemic control. To achieve optimal outcomes and reduce the chance of diabetes-related complications, patients should aim to have their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement less than 53 mmol/mol if possible.

Diabetes is primarily managed in primary care, and a number of recent publications suggest that there is considerable inequity in the management of diabetes in New Zealand, particularly for Māori. In an earlier piece of work we have shown that Maori are significantly less likely than non-Maori to be prescribed metformin, but that once prescribed it they are equally likely to have the medication dispensed. This suggests that there may be issues that can be addressed within primary care that are influencing the use of diabetes medications.
Thus, the aim of this small piece of work was to characterise diabetes medication use in a Waikato primary care population, and to report on medication adherence and association with HbA1c levels.

text: Exploring inequity in access to medications for Type 2 Diabetes in primary care in the Waikato region: Final report Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing health issue in New Zealand (NZ) that disproportionately affects twice as many Māori as non-Māori and an increasing number of younger people. T2D is associated with a range of microvascular and macrovascular complications, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the latter being the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality in this patient group. However, complications are reduced in patients that have improved glycaemic control. To achieve optimal outcomes and reduce the chance of diabetes-related complications, patients should aim to have their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement less than 53 mmol/mol if possible.

Diabetes is primarily managed in primary care, and a number of recent publications suggest that there is considerable inequity in the management of diabetes in New Zealand, particularly for Māori. In an earlier piece of work we have shown that Maori are significantly less likely than non-Maori to be prescribed metformin, but that once prescribed it they are equally likely to have the medication dispensed. This suggests that there may be issues that can be addressed within primary care that are influencing the use of diabetes medications.
Thus, the aim of this small piece of work was to characterise diabetes medication use in a Waikato primary care population, and to report on medication adherence and association with HbA1c levels.

year: 2021-08-17