title: Moetolo ‘sleep-crawlers’: A Samoan therapeutic approach to sexual abuse

authors: Seiuli, Byron Malaela Sotiata

abstract: Sexual abuse behaviour remains a global concern that accounts for child sexual abuse, rape and other sexual assaults. Much of these acts of violation are perpetuated, but not entirely, carried out by men against women and children. Moetolo (moetotolo) or ‘sleep crawler’ is a Samoan term that is used to describe a person who sexually violates another while they or their family are asleep. This paper provides a case study presentation and discussion with the aim of examining this challenge from a Samoan viewpoint. Insights are drawn from the authors’ psychological engagement with a sexual offender while also engaging appropriate literature to inform and provide interpretation to the case. It is through such an examination that this article seeks to make a valuable contribution to understanding patterned responses of Samoan people to sexual abuse behaviours such as moetolo, and steps to remedy such concerns within their communities.

text: Moetolo ‘sleep-crawlers’: A Samoan therapeutic approach to sexual abuse Sexual abuse behaviour remains a global concern that accounts for child sexual abuse, rape and other sexual assaults. Much of these acts of violation are perpetuated, but not entirely, carried out by men against women and children. Moetolo (moetotolo) or ‘sleep crawler’ is a Samoan term that is used to describe a person who sexually violates another while they or their family are asleep. This paper provides a case study presentation and discussion with the aim of examining this challenge from a Samoan viewpoint. Insights are drawn from the authors’ psychological engagement with a sexual offender while also engaging appropriate literature to inform and provide interpretation to the case. It is through such an examination that this article seeks to make a valuable contribution to understanding patterned responses of Samoan people to sexual abuse behaviours such as moetolo, and steps to remedy such concerns within their communities.

year: 2016

title: On the ecogeomorphological feedbacks that control tidal channel network evolution in a sandy mangrove setting

authors: van Maanen, Barend

subjects: tidal channel networks, mangroves,

abstract: An ecomorphodynamic model was developed to study how Avicennia marina mangroves influence channel network evolution in sandy tidal embayments. The model accounts for the effects of mangrove trees on tidal flow patterns and sediment dynamics. Mangrove growth is in turn controlled by hydrodynamic conditions. The presence of mangroves was found to enhance the initiation and branching of tidal channels, partly because the extra flow resistance in mangrove forests favours flow concentration, and thus sediment erosion in between vegetated areas. The enhanced branching of channels is also the result of a vegetation-induced increase in erosion threshold. On the other hand, this reduction in bed erodibility, together with the soil expansion driven by organic matter production, reduces the landward expansion of channels. The ongoing accretion in mangrove forests ultimately drives a reduction in tidal prism and an overall retreat of the channel network. During sea-level rise, mangroves can potentially enhance the ability of the soil surface to maintain an elevation within the upper portion of the intertidal zone, while hindering both the branching and headward erosion of the landward expanding channels. The modelling results presented here indicate the critical control exerted by ecogeomorphological interactions in driving landscape evolution.

text: On the ecogeomorphological feedbacks that control tidal channel network evolution in a sandy mangrove setting An ecomorphodynamic model was developed to study how Avicennia marina mangroves influence channel network evolution in sandy tidal embayments. The model accounts for the effects of mangrove trees on tidal flow patterns and sediment dynamics. Mangrove growth is in turn controlled by hydrodynamic conditions. The presence of mangroves was found to enhance the initiation and branching of tidal channels, partly because the extra flow resistance in mangrove forests favours flow concentration, and thus sediment erosion in between vegetated areas. The enhanced branching of channels is also the result of a vegetation-induced increase in erosion threshold. On the other hand, this reduction in bed erodibility, together with the soil expansion driven by organic matter production, reduces the landward expansion of channels. The ongoing accretion in mangrove forests ultimately drives a reduction in tidal prism and an overall retreat of the channel network. During sea-level rise, mangroves can potentially enhance the ability of the soil surface to maintain an elevation within the upper portion of the intertidal zone, while hindering both the branching and headward erosion of the landward expanding channels. The modelling results presented here indicate the critical control exerted by ecogeomorphological interactions in driving landscape evolution.

year: 2015-06-23

title: Rototuna, 2024

authors: Apiata, Hāwea

abstract: Bilingual poetry in response to the public sculpture 'Te Ohomauri o Matariki' by Dion Hitchens in collaboration with James Ormsby.

text: Rototuna, 2024 Bilingual poetry in response to the public sculpture 'Te Ohomauri o Matariki' by Dion Hitchens in collaboration with James Ormsby.

year: 2024-03-29