title: Proposing video diaries as an innovative methodology in tourist experience research

authors: Pocock, Naomi

subjects: tourism

abstract: Tourism is a highly visual experience, yet word-based approaches dominate travel and tourism research methods. Video diaries are one innovative methodology to understand the tourism experience; they capture visual and verbal representation of the participant's reality, as participants choose the scenes worth filming based on personal meaning. This approach is therefore underpinned by the ontological hermeneutic assumption that understanding and interpretation are part of human existence, and that participants may therefore interpret their own experiences. A research project interpreting “home”, a complex, value-laden and personal concept, among returnees from long-term travel is presented here to demonstrate the execution of ontological hermeneutics through video diarising methodology, supplemented by conversational interviews based on empathic understanding through active listening. In short, video diaries are argued here to supplement traditional word-based approaches used in tourism research in order to privilege an insider's perspective of the tourist experience.

text: Proposing video diaries as an innovative methodology in tourist experience research Tourism is a highly visual experience, yet word-based approaches dominate travel and tourism research methods. Video diaries are one innovative methodology to understand the tourism experience; they capture visual and verbal representation of the participant's reality, as participants choose the scenes worth filming based on personal meaning. This approach is therefore underpinned by the ontological hermeneutic assumption that understanding and interpretation are part of human existence, and that participants may therefore interpret their own experiences. A research project interpreting “home”, a complex, value-laden and personal concept, among returnees from long-term travel is presented here to demonstrate the execution of ontological hermeneutics through video diarising methodology, supplemented by conversational interviews based on empathic understanding through active listening. In short, video diaries are argued here to supplement traditional word-based approaches used in tourism research in order to privilege an insider's perspective of the tourist experience.

year: 2009

title: Changes to population-based emergence of climate change from CMIP5 to CMIP6

authors: Douglas, Hunter C.

abstract: Abstract The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) model ensemble projects climate change emerging soonest and most strongly at low latitudes, regardless of the emissions pathway taken. In terms of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios of average annual temperatures, these models project earlier and stronger emergence under the Shared Socio-economic Pathways than the previous generation did under corresponding Representative Concentration Pathways. Spatial patterns of emergence also change between generations of models; under a high emissions scenario, mid-century S/N is lower than previous studies indicated in Central Africa, South Asia, and parts of South America, West Africa, East Asia, and Western Europe, but higher in most other populated areas. We show that these global and regional changes are caused by a combination of higher effective climate sensitivity in the CMIP6 ensemble, as well as changes to emissions pathways, component-wise effective radiative forcing, and region-scale climate responses between model generations. We also present the first population-weighted calculation of climate change emergence for the CMIP6 ensemble, quantifying the number of people exposed to increasing degrees of abnormal temperatures now and into the future. Our results confirm the expected inequity of climate change-related impacts in the decades between now and the 2050 target for net-zero emissions held by many countries. These findings underscore the importance of concurrent investments in both mitigation and adaptation.

text: Changes to population-based emergence of climate change from CMIP5 to CMIP6 Abstract The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) model ensemble projects climate change emerging soonest and most strongly at low latitudes, regardless of the emissions pathway taken. In terms of signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios of average annual temperatures, these models project earlier and stronger emergence under the Shared Socio-economic Pathways than the previous generation did under corresponding Representative Concentration Pathways. Spatial patterns of emergence also change between generations of models; under a high emissions scenario, mid-century S/N is lower than previous studies indicated in Central Africa, South Asia, and parts of South America, West Africa, East Asia, and Western Europe, but higher in most other populated areas. We show that these global and regional changes are caused by a combination of higher effective climate sensitivity in the CMIP6 ensemble, as well as changes to emissions pathways, component-wise effective radiative forcing, and region-scale climate responses between model generations. We also present the first population-weighted calculation of climate change emergence for the CMIP6 ensemble, quantifying the number of people exposed to increasing degrees of abnormal temperatures now and into the future. Our results confirm the expected inequity of climate change-related impacts in the decades between now and the 2050 target for net-zero emissions held by many countries. These findings underscore the importance of concurrent investments in both mitigation and adaptation.

year: 2023-01-01

title: The TOHU framework: Sensing and interpreting tohu to heal from trauma

authors: McLachlan, A

subjects: Environment

abstract: This hypotheses article presents understandings and practices of tohu (signs) in the personal, eco-environmental, and spiritual wellbeing of Māori. Tohu can be observed in the natural, social, physical, or spiritual environment, and within a Māori worldview provide important ways of understanding and responding to phenomena. Wānanga (shared dialogue and debate) were held with seven Māori clinical psychologists from He Paiaka Tōtara (Māori Psychologist Network) and two mātauranga Māori specialists to explore their experiences, knowledge, and perspectives about tohu, with their insights collected through online information sharing. Our wānanga goals were to inform the creation of a therapeutic framework to address patu ngākau, psychological and spiritual trauma experienced by Māori. The results identified that tohu are located within the person and their environment, and the importance of exploring how tohu are interpreted. We propose a TOHU acronym as a framework for understanding and addressing the multifaceted impacts of patu ngākau.

text: The TOHU framework: Sensing and interpreting tohu to heal from trauma This hypotheses article presents understandings and practices of tohu (signs) in the personal, eco-environmental, and spiritual wellbeing of Māori. Tohu can be observed in the natural, social, physical, or spiritual environment, and within a Māori worldview provide important ways of understanding and responding to phenomena. Wānanga (shared dialogue and debate) were held with seven Māori clinical psychologists from He Paiaka Tōtara (Māori Psychologist Network) and two mātauranga Māori specialists to explore their experiences, knowledge, and perspectives about tohu, with their insights collected through online information sharing. Our wānanga goals were to inform the creation of a therapeutic framework to address patu ngākau, psychological and spiritual trauma experienced by Māori. The results identified that tohu are located within the person and their environment, and the importance of exploring how tohu are interpreted. We propose a TOHU acronym as a framework for understanding and addressing the multifaceted impacts of patu ngākau.

year: 2024