title: Stimulation of TNF-α release in monocytes by honey

authors: Tonks, A.

subjects: honey

abstract: Although evidence exists for the antibacterial effects of honey there is limited objective evidence for direct promotion of healing. We investigated the effect of manuka, pasture and an artificial honey on macrophage function. Reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production was assessed by luminol enhanced chemoluminescence and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) release was determined by immunoassay. ROI production was significantly (P<0.001) decreased by pasture honey and manuka honey. TNF-α release was significantly enhanced (P<0.001) in unprimed MM6 cells by manuka and pasture honey but was not altered in primed cells. These results could explain the suggested therapeutic properties of honey in promoting wound healing.

text: Stimulation of TNF-α release in monocytes by honey Although evidence exists for the antibacterial effects of honey there is limited objective evidence for direct promotion of healing. We investigated the effect of manuka, pasture and an artificial honey on macrophage function. Reactive oxygen intermediate (ROI) production was assessed by luminol enhanced chemoluminescence and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) release was determined by immunoassay. ROI production was significantly (P<0.001) decreased by pasture honey and manuka honey. TNF-α release was significantly enhanced (P<0.001) in unprimed MM6 cells by manuka and pasture honey but was not altered in primed cells. These results could explain the suggested therapeutic properties of honey in promoting wound healing.

year: 2001

title: Colour classification of 1486 lakes across a wide range of optical water types

authors: Lehmann, Moritz K.

subjects: lakes

abstract: Remote sensing by satellite-borne sensors presents a significant opportunity to enhance the spatio-temporal coverage of environmental monitoring programmes for lakes, but the estimation of classic water quality attributes from inland water bodies has not reached operational status due to the difficulty of discerning the spectral signatures of optically active water constituents. Determination of water colour, as perceived by the human eye, does not require knowledge of inherent optical properties and therefore represents a generally applicable remotely-sensed water quality attribute. In this paper, we implemented a recent algorithm for the retrieval of colour parameters (hue angle, dominant wavelength) and derived a new correction for colour purity to account for the spectral bandpass of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). We used this algorithm to calculate water colour on almost 45,000 observations over four years from 1486 lakes from a diverse range of optical water types in New Zealand. We show that the most prevalent lake colours are yellow-orange and blue, respectively, while green observations are comparatively rare. About 40% of the study lakes show transitions between colours at a range of time scales, including seasonal. A preliminary exploratory analysis suggests that both geo-physical and anthropogenic factors, such as catchment land use, provide environmental control of lake colour and are promising avenues for future analysis.

text: Colour classification of 1486 lakes across a wide range of optical water types Remote sensing by satellite-borne sensors presents a significant opportunity to enhance the spatio-temporal coverage of environmental monitoring programmes for lakes, but the estimation of classic water quality attributes from inland water bodies has not reached operational status due to the difficulty of discerning the spectral signatures of optically active water constituents. Determination of water colour, as perceived by the human eye, does not require knowledge of inherent optical properties and therefore represents a generally applicable remotely-sensed water quality attribute. In this paper, we implemented a recent algorithm for the retrieval of colour parameters (hue angle, dominant wavelength) and derived a new correction for colour purity to account for the spectral bandpass of the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). We used this algorithm to calculate water colour on almost 45,000 observations over four years from 1486 lakes from a diverse range of optical water types in New Zealand. We show that the most prevalent lake colours are yellow-orange and blue, respectively, while green observations are comparatively rare. About 40% of the study lakes show transitions between colours at a range of time scales, including seasonal. A preliminary exploratory analysis suggests that both geo-physical and anthropogenic factors, such as catchment land use, provide environmental control of lake colour and are promising avenues for future analysis.

year: 2018

title: The use of Māori mythology in clinical settings: Training issues and needs

authors: Cherrington, Lisa

subjects: Maori

abstract: Within therapeutic settings, narrative
approaches are increasingly being used as a
way of creating new understandings and
new stories. This paper discusses the use of
purakau as a Māori focused intervention
when working with Māori tangata whaiora
(clients) and their whānau. This paper will
outline the rationale and relevance of using
purakau with Māori. However, the
emphasis is on the training provided to
clinicians in the use of purakau. An outline
of the training process is provided. In
doing so, issues regarding the use of these
taonga (treasures) in clinical psychology
will be raised. It will be argued that Māori
mythology must have a place in the kete of
Māori psychology.

text: The use of Māori mythology in clinical settings: Training issues and needs Within therapeutic settings, narrative
approaches are increasingly being used as a
way of creating new understandings and
new stories. This paper discusses the use of
purakau as a Māori focused intervention
when working with Māori tangata whaiora
(clients) and their whānau. This paper will
outline the rationale and relevance of using
purakau with Māori. However, the
emphasis is on the training provided to
clinicians in the use of purakau. An outline
of the training process is provided. In
doing so, issues regarding the use of these
taonga (treasures) in clinical psychology
will be raised. It will be argued that Māori
mythology must have a place in the kete of
Māori psychology.

year: 2003