title: Novel Brominated Alkaloids from the Bryozoan Amathia citrina

authors: Shrubsall, Jacob

subjects: Natural Products

abstract: Sixteen bryozoan species from the United Kingdom and New Zealand were surveyed for the presence of brominated secondary metabolites by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. Brominated metabolites were detected in six of these samples. Collections of the species Amathia citrina and Amathia verticillata were determined as ideal candidates for a natural products study due to the presence of potentially novel brominated secondary metabolites in reasonable abundance.
The sample with the greatest number and seemingly highest concentration of brominated secondary metabolites, of all species surveyed, was the species Amathia citrina (previously Bowerbankia citrina) from Swansea, Wales, and so was selected as the candidate for this study.
Eight related metabolites were detected in A. citrina, speculated to be a family of brominated alkaloids. Attempts were made to isolate and purify two members of this family of compounds by reversed-phase and size exclusion chromatography, but were unable to be obtained in a pure state. Nevertheless, they were then partially characterised by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to be discovered as a new family of brominated indole alkaloids, tentatively named the amathamines.

text: Novel Brominated Alkaloids from the Bryozoan Amathia citrina Sixteen bryozoan species from the United Kingdom and New Zealand were surveyed for the presence of brominated secondary metabolites by Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. Brominated metabolites were detected in six of these samples. Collections of the species Amathia citrina and Amathia verticillata were determined as ideal candidates for a natural products study due to the presence of potentially novel brominated secondary metabolites in reasonable abundance.
The sample with the greatest number and seemingly highest concentration of brominated secondary metabolites, of all species surveyed, was the species Amathia citrina (previously Bowerbankia citrina) from Swansea, Wales, and so was selected as the candidate for this study.
Eight related metabolites were detected in A. citrina, speculated to be a family of brominated alkaloids. Attempts were made to isolate and purify two members of this family of compounds by reversed-phase and size exclusion chromatography, but were unable to be obtained in a pure state. Nevertheless, they were then partially characterised by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to be discovered as a new family of brominated indole alkaloids, tentatively named the amathamines.

year: 2017

title: The Moral Requirement for Digital Connectivity

authors: Munn, Nicholas

subjects: COVID-19

abstract: Crises illustrate the value of digital connectedness. When our physical routines are disrupted, having alternative options to connect with others is important. Yet there are clear divisions in access to the internet, and in the distribution of the skills required to take advantage of the internet. I argue that the COVID-19 pandemic is but one example of a more general idea; that everyone has a moral claim to internet access. We ought to use this opportunity to address the continued inequities in internet access and use amongst our population.

text: The Moral Requirement for Digital Connectivity Crises illustrate the value of digital connectedness. When our physical routines are disrupted, having alternative options to connect with others is important. Yet there are clear divisions in access to the internet, and in the distribution of the skills required to take advantage of the internet. I argue that the COVID-19 pandemic is but one example of a more general idea; that everyone has a moral claim to internet access. We ought to use this opportunity to address the continued inequities in internet access and use amongst our population.

year: 2021-09-03

title: Introduction to special section on Māori culture and education.

authors: Bishop, Russell

subjects: language policy

abstract: An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the need for coordinated language policy, the Treaty of Waitangi, and monoculturalism.

text: Introduction to special section on Māori culture and education. An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including the need for coordinated language policy, the Treaty of Waitangi, and monoculturalism.

year: 2002