title: Node.js scalability investigation in the cloud

authors: Zhu, Jiapeng

subjects: computer science

abstract: Node.js has gained popularity in cloud development due to its asynchronous, non-blocking and event-driven nature. However, scalability issues can limit the number of concurrent requests while achieving an acceptable level of performance. To the best of our knowledge, no cloud-based benchmarks or metrics focusing on Node.js scalability exist. This paper presents the design and implementation of Ibenchjs, a scalability-oriented benchmarking framework, and a set of sample test applications. We deploy Ibenchjs in a local and isolated cloud to collect and report scalability-related measurements and issues of Node.js as well as performance bottlenecks. Our findings include: 1) the scaling performance of the tested Node.js test applications was sub-linear; 2) no improvements were measured when more CPUs were added without modifying the number of Node.js instances; and 3) leveraging cloud scaling solutions significantly outperformed Node.js-module-based scaling.

text: Node.js scalability investigation in the cloud Node.js has gained popularity in cloud development due to its asynchronous, non-blocking and event-driven nature. However, scalability issues can limit the number of concurrent requests while achieving an acceptable level of performance. To the best of our knowledge, no cloud-based benchmarks or metrics focusing on Node.js scalability exist. This paper presents the design and implementation of Ibenchjs, a scalability-oriented benchmarking framework, and a set of sample test applications. We deploy Ibenchjs in a local and isolated cloud to collect and report scalability-related measurements and issues of Node.js as well as performance bottlenecks. Our findings include: 1) the scaling performance of the tested Node.js test applications was sub-linear; 2) no improvements were measured when more CPUs were added without modifying the number of Node.js instances; and 3) leveraging cloud scaling solutions significantly outperformed Node.js-module-based scaling.

year: 2018

title: Beyond teacher praise: Evaluating tootling as an inclusive intervention for academically engaged behaviour in Aotearoa New Zealand primary classrooms

authors: Symes, Jessica

abstract: This thesis reports on two single case experimental studies investigating the effects of a peer-mediated behaviour intervention, known as “Tootling ”, on student behaviour in Aotearoa New Zealand primary schools. Tootling involves students recognising prosocial behaviours performed by their peers and reporting these events as “tootles” which are then read aloud to the class by the teacher. The studies aimed to evaluate whether Tootling increased academically engaged behaviour (AEB) at both, class-wide level, and for individual target students who have shown high rates of disruptive behaviours. Secondary questions examined whether Tootling influenced teacher-delivered praise and reprimands, teacher indices of happiness (IoH), and patterns in tootle submissions, including the focus of tootles on prosocial behaviours and school values. The intervention was implemented within the Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L) framework, supporting alignment with the school’s values-based systems. 

This research sought to address several gaps in the literature by examining the effects of Tootling across two culturally inclusive classroom settings in Aotearoa New Zealand. Study 1, conducted in a Year 0–1 classroom, with four target students, employed an A-B research design due to contextual factors. Study 2, conducted in a Year 5–6 classroom with three target students, used a multiple treatment single-case design to examine Tootling alone and in combination with a values-specific focus (respect, responsibility, resilience). Data on AEB, teacher praise and reprimands, IoH, and student tootle submissions were collected using direct observation and integrity measures. 

Results demonstrated consistent increases in class-wide AEB across both classrooms, with the largest gains observed for target students identified as having low initial rates of academic engagement. Teacher praise and IoH showed variable but generally positive effects. Patterns of tootling submissions highlighted that students engaged actively in recording and acknowledging prosocial behaviours, linked to school values. The values-specific conditions in Study 2 also produced increases in tootles on the targeted value (respect, responsibility and resilience). 

Overall, findings suggest that Tootling is a practical, effective, and socially valid whole-class intervention, with strong potential for integration within PB4L frameworks in Aotearoa New Zealand schools.

text: Beyond teacher praise: Evaluating tootling as an inclusive intervention for academically engaged behaviour in Aotearoa New Zealand primary classrooms This thesis reports on two single case experimental studies investigating the effects of a peer-mediated behaviour intervention, known as “Tootling ”, on student behaviour in Aotearoa New Zealand primary schools. Tootling involves students recognising prosocial behaviours performed by their peers and reporting these events as “tootles” which are then read aloud to the class by the teacher. The studies aimed to evaluate whether Tootling increased academically engaged behaviour (AEB) at both, class-wide level, and for individual target students who have shown high rates of disruptive behaviours. Secondary questions examined whether Tootling influenced teacher-delivered praise and reprimands, teacher indices of happiness (IoH), and patterns in tootle submissions, including the focus of tootles on prosocial behaviours and school values. The intervention was implemented within the Positive Behaviour for Learning (PB4L) framework, supporting alignment with the school’s values-based systems. 

This research sought to address several gaps in the literature by examining the effects of Tootling across two culturally inclusive classroom settings in Aotearoa New Zealand. Study 1, conducted in a Year 0–1 classroom, with four target students, employed an A-B research design due to contextual factors. Study 2, conducted in a Year 5–6 classroom with three target students, used a multiple treatment single-case design to examine Tootling alone and in combination with a values-specific focus (respect, responsibility, resilience). Data on AEB, teacher praise and reprimands, IoH, and student tootle submissions were collected using direct observation and integrity measures. 

Results demonstrated consistent increases in class-wide AEB across both classrooms, with the largest gains observed for target students identified as having low initial rates of academic engagement. Teacher praise and IoH showed variable but generally positive effects. Patterns of tootling submissions highlighted that students engaged actively in recording and acknowledging prosocial behaviours, linked to school values. The values-specific conditions in Study 2 also produced increases in tootles on the targeted value (respect, responsibility and resilience). 

Overall, findings suggest that Tootling is a practical, effective, and socially valid whole-class intervention, with strong potential for integration within PB4L frameworks in Aotearoa New Zealand schools.

year: 2025

title: An investigation into the commercial feasibility of Jasus edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand

authors: Ruru, Ian Hector

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: In 1996 New Zealand introduced legislation to allow Jasus edwardsii pueruli to be collected as "seedstock" and ongrown in a commercial aquaculture trial. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the commercial feasibility of J. edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand by working with an organisation involved in the trial.
The methodology involved a combination of experiments in the field, in laboratories, and within an ongrowing facility. This thesis examined five key areas and found the following:
1. Data obtained in the research indicates that New Zealand will continue to rely on harvesting pueruli from the wild since significant technical obstacles remain in the development of commercial scale pueruli hatcheries. Forecast data, obtained using the delphi technique and information about current research on larval rearing, indicates that commercial scale supply of pueruli from hatcheries may occur between 2017 and 2021.
2. Harvesting trials collected a low number of pueruli with the lowest unit cost for collection being $1.80. A greater collection rate could be achieved with a better understanding of seasonal and local settlement patterns.
3. Survival rates in pueruli transporting experiments were significantly affected by stocking density, time and temperature. The safest transit conditions were achieved with 15 pueruli per litre for less than 6 hours at 14°C.
4. A range of stocking densities, from 3 lobsters per tank to 12 per tank, were tested for their effect on growth of six-month old lobsters. The lobsters were reared in a total recirculation seawater system at a constant 16°C, and fed fresh mussels (Perna canaliculus). For the 121 day trial, no statistically significant effect was detected. However, there was a trend for growth rates to be highest at 3 and 6 lobsters per tank and for growth rates at stocking densities of 9 and 12 lobsters per tank to decrease after Day 50. Lobsters showed increased mortality at the highest stocking rate.
5. A bioeconomic model of a hypothetical farm was developed to assess economic benefits and risks and to determine overall profitability. The model showed an annual net cash position of $287,100 and cumulative cash position of $859,200 by the 10th year of operation based on annual sales of 10,837 kg at $65 per kg. The model indicates that the highest cost components in the first 10 years are processing and transport, and labour. Based on the model and the scenarios examined, profitability is very sensitive to factors such as the farm size, processing and transport costs, and sale price. Biological factors such as growth rates, survival, and feed requirements also influence overall profitability. Good returns will depend upon consistent exports of high quality lobsters.
The study concludes that commercial feasibility will be affected by these key areas. The potential of J. edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand will continue to benefit from further research.

text: An investigation into the commercial feasibility of Jasus edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand In 1996 New Zealand introduced legislation to allow Jasus edwardsii pueruli to be collected as "seedstock" and ongrown in a commercial aquaculture trial. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the commercial feasibility of J. edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand by working with an organisation involved in the trial.
The methodology involved a combination of experiments in the field, in laboratories, and within an ongrowing facility. This thesis examined five key areas and found the following:
1. Data obtained in the research indicates that New Zealand will continue to rely on harvesting pueruli from the wild since significant technical obstacles remain in the development of commercial scale pueruli hatcheries. Forecast data, obtained using the delphi technique and information about current research on larval rearing, indicates that commercial scale supply of pueruli from hatcheries may occur between 2017 and 2021.
2. Harvesting trials collected a low number of pueruli with the lowest unit cost for collection being $1.80. A greater collection rate could be achieved with a better understanding of seasonal and local settlement patterns.
3. Survival rates in pueruli transporting experiments were significantly affected by stocking density, time and temperature. The safest transit conditions were achieved with 15 pueruli per litre for less than 6 hours at 14°C.
4. A range of stocking densities, from 3 lobsters per tank to 12 per tank, were tested for their effect on growth of six-month old lobsters. The lobsters were reared in a total recirculation seawater system at a constant 16°C, and fed fresh mussels (Perna canaliculus). For the 121 day trial, no statistically significant effect was detected. However, there was a trend for growth rates to be highest at 3 and 6 lobsters per tank and for growth rates at stocking densities of 9 and 12 lobsters per tank to decrease after Day 50. Lobsters showed increased mortality at the highest stocking rate.
5. A bioeconomic model of a hypothetical farm was developed to assess economic benefits and risks and to determine overall profitability. The model showed an annual net cash position of $287,100 and cumulative cash position of $859,200 by the 10th year of operation based on annual sales of 10,837 kg at $65 per kg. The model indicates that the highest cost components in the first 10 years are processing and transport, and labour. Based on the model and the scenarios examined, profitability is very sensitive to factors such as the farm size, processing and transport costs, and sale price. Biological factors such as growth rates, survival, and feed requirements also influence overall profitability. Good returns will depend upon consistent exports of high quality lobsters.
The study concludes that commercial feasibility will be affected by these key areas. The potential of J. edwardsii aquaculture in New Zealand will continue to benefit from further research.

year: 2000