title: Waveguide joint design and validation for use in acoustic vector-corrected network analysers

authors: MacDonell, Marcus Scott Glengarry

abstract: The Vector-corrected Network Analyser (VNA) has been an indispensable tool for many decades in the field of RF and microwave engineering where the availability of calibrated and traceable results is taken for granted. However, calibrated and traceable measurements are not so easily available in the acoustic domain. In an effort to allow such measurements, a dual-port acoustic vector network analyser (AVNA) has been designed and built. The calibration of this test and measurement system hinges on the repeatability of the uncalibrated system and its acoustic waveguide joints. The first generation of acoustic waveguide joints have been 3D printed with a high precision printer and designed to include alignment pins, O-rings, and a reinforcing ‘clip’ system to allow for a consistent bolt torque without damaging the plastic waveguide. We show that the resulting variation in measurements between cycles of disassembly and reassembly is acceptably small and will allow for calibration of the system. Three-dimensional printed titanium joints show increased rigidity and ease of use but similar repeatability.

text: Waveguide joint design and validation for use in acoustic vector-corrected network analysers The Vector-corrected Network Analyser (VNA) has been an indispensable tool for many decades in the field of RF and microwave engineering where the availability of calibrated and traceable results is taken for granted. However, calibrated and traceable measurements are not so easily available in the acoustic domain. In an effort to allow such measurements, a dual-port acoustic vector network analyser (AVNA) has been designed and built. The calibration of this test and measurement system hinges on the repeatability of the uncalibrated system and its acoustic waveguide joints. The first generation of acoustic waveguide joints have been 3D printed with a high precision printer and designed to include alignment pins, O-rings, and a reinforcing ‘clip’ system to allow for a consistent bolt torque without damaging the plastic waveguide. We show that the resulting variation in measurements between cycles of disassembly and reassembly is acceptably small and will allow for calibration of the system. Three-dimensional printed titanium joints show increased rigidity and ease of use but similar repeatability.

year: 2019

title: Effective investigations under article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights: Securing the right to Life or an onerous burden on a state?

authors: Chevalier-Watts, Juliet

subjects: human right

abstract: Articles 1 and 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights, when read together, require a proper and adequate official investigation into deaths resulting from the actions of state agents, both from the use of lethal force, and also in situations arising from the negligence of agents that leads to a death. The article considers the extent of the obligation to carry out an effective investigation since its explicit recognition by the European Court of Human Rights in the case of McCann and Others v. United Kingdom. The article assesses the jurisprudence of the duty to investigate in order to determine whether the obligation is now placing too onerous a burden on member states in order to comply with their duties under the Convention, or whether the duty does indeed secure the right to life, as is intended. To assess the original proposition, the article considers the jurisprudence of the duty to investigate in relation to the following applications: early forays into the application of the duty; fatalities arising from non-lethal force; the influential quartet of cases arising out of the Northern Ireland troubles; recent judgments concerning cases arising out of the conflict in Chechnya; and finally through to a critical review of the effectiveness of the European Court.

text: Effective investigations under article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights: Securing the right to Life or an onerous burden on a state? Articles 1 and 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights, when read together, require a proper and adequate official investigation into deaths resulting from the actions of state agents, both from the use of lethal force, and also in situations arising from the negligence of agents that leads to a death. The article considers the extent of the obligation to carry out an effective investigation since its explicit recognition by the European Court of Human Rights in the case of McCann and Others v. United Kingdom. The article assesses the jurisprudence of the duty to investigate in order to determine whether the obligation is now placing too onerous a burden on member states in order to comply with their duties under the Convention, or whether the duty does indeed secure the right to life, as is intended. To assess the original proposition, the article considers the jurisprudence of the duty to investigate in relation to the following applications: early forays into the application of the duty; fatalities arising from non-lethal force; the influential quartet of cases arising out of the Northern Ireland troubles; recent judgments concerning cases arising out of the conflict in Chechnya; and finally through to a critical review of the effectiveness of the European Court.

year: 2010

title: A life-history analysis of achievement of Māori and Pacific Island students at the Church College of New Zealand

authors: Solomon, Tereapii Elinora

subjects: Church College

abstract: The Church College of New Zealand is a private co-educational secondary school located near Hamilton, New Zealand and is sponsored by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  Since its opening in 1958, it has hosted a large population of Polynesian students, in particular Māori.  The questions that this thesis addresses centre on the nature, history and reasons for what seems to be a disproportionately higher level of achievement amongst Māori and Pacific Island students at Church College than in New Zealand more broadly.  Through a life-history approach to research, this thesis provides an overview of the rich history behind the building of the Church College, and highlights the experiences of successful graduates over three particular timeframes - 1951-1969, 1970-1989 and the 1990s.  

A major contributing factor to the success of the students at Church College is an environment where both religious and cultural values of students are reaffirmed and considered normal.  For some students, Church College provided an environment that validated what students were being taught in their own homes.  For others, it provided a refuge from a conflicted home.  With the growing pressures of social problems within the wider community for many Māori and Pacific Island families, the school environment of  the Church College was a key factor in providing stability  and security for some students at the College.

On June 29 2006, an announcement was made by leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints of the phased out closure of Church College beginning in the year 2007 and eventually closing at the end of the year 2009. With Māori and Pacific Island students so under-represented in achievement and participation in education settings in New Zealand, the announcement of the closure provided an opportunity to highlight some of the successes experienced at the Church College of New Zealand.

text: A life-history analysis of achievement of Māori and Pacific Island students at the Church College of New Zealand The Church College of New Zealand is a private co-educational secondary school located near Hamilton, New Zealand and is sponsored by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  Since its opening in 1958, it has hosted a large population of Polynesian students, in particular Māori.  The questions that this thesis addresses centre on the nature, history and reasons for what seems to be a disproportionately higher level of achievement amongst Māori and Pacific Island students at Church College than in New Zealand more broadly.  Through a life-history approach to research, this thesis provides an overview of the rich history behind the building of the Church College, and highlights the experiences of successful graduates over three particular timeframes - 1951-1969, 1970-1989 and the 1990s.  

A major contributing factor to the success of the students at Church College is an environment where both religious and cultural values of students are reaffirmed and considered normal.  For some students, Church College provided an environment that validated what students were being taught in their own homes.  For others, it provided a refuge from a conflicted home.  With the growing pressures of social problems within the wider community for many Māori and Pacific Island families, the school environment of  the Church College was a key factor in providing stability  and security for some students at the College.

On June 29 2006, an announcement was made by leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints of the phased out closure of Church College beginning in the year 2007 and eventually closing at the end of the year 2009. With Māori and Pacific Island students so under-represented in achievement and participation in education settings in New Zealand, the announcement of the closure provided an opportunity to highlight some of the successes experienced at the Church College of New Zealand.

year: 2008