title: Post-disaster social recovery: disaster governance lessons learnt from Tropical Cyclone Yasi

authors: Serrao-Neumann, Silvia

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Post-disaster social recovery remains the least understood of the disaster phases despite increased risks of extreme events leading to disasters due to climate change. This paper contributes to advance this knowledge by focusing on the disaster recovery process of the Australian coastal town of Cardwell which was affected by category 4/5 Tropical Cyclone Yasi in 2011. Drawing on empirical data collected through semi-structured interviews with Cardwell residents post-Yasi, it examines issues related to social recovery in the first year of the disaster and 2 years later. Key findings discuss the role played by community members, volunteers and state actors in Cardwell’s post-disaster social recovery, especially with respect to how current disaster risk management trends based on self-reliance and shared responsibility unfolded in the recovery phase. Lessons learnt concerning disaster recovery governance are then extracted to inform policy implementation for disaster risk management to support social recovery and enhance disaster resilience in the light of climate change.

text: Post-disaster social recovery: disaster governance lessons learnt from Tropical Cyclone Yasi Post-disaster social recovery remains the least understood of the disaster phases despite increased risks of extreme events leading to disasters due to climate change. This paper contributes to advance this knowledge by focusing on the disaster recovery process of the Australian coastal town of Cardwell which was affected by category 4/5 Tropical Cyclone Yasi in 2011. Drawing on empirical data collected through semi-structured interviews with Cardwell residents post-Yasi, it examines issues related to social recovery in the first year of the disaster and 2 years later. Key findings discuss the role played by community members, volunteers and state actors in Cardwell’s post-disaster social recovery, especially with respect to how current disaster risk management trends based on self-reliance and shared responsibility unfolded in the recovery phase. Lessons learnt concerning disaster recovery governance are then extracted to inform policy implementation for disaster risk management to support social recovery and enhance disaster resilience in the light of climate change.

year: 2018

title: Fabrication of advanced heat sink materials by powder metallurgy approach

authors: Chang, Yaqi

abstract: To guarantee a safe work environment for high-end chips, electronic packaging materials should have high thermal conductivity, matched coefficient of thermal expansion to semiconductor, low density, good impact toughness, and tensile strength. Diamond/graphite flakes-reinforced composites are considered as the new generation of heat sink material, however, the poor chemical affinity between copper and diamond and between copper and graphite flakes hinder the composites from achieving high thermal conductivity. The interface between copper matrix and diamond reinforcement or graphite flakes reinforcement is the key factor for improving heat transfer of the composites. 

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of how the interface improves the thermal conductivity of the diamond/graphite flakes-reinforced composites. The primary research includes: (1) study the effect of vacuum sintering process on the formation of carbide layer; (2) investigate the effect of the volume fraction of diamond particles on relative density and thermal conductivity of the copper/diamond composites, and (3) explore the feasibility to fabricate graphite flakes reinforced copper composites by powder forging and investigate the effect of graphite flakes’ volume fraction on the thermal conductivity of the fabricated composites.

Tungsten carbide (WC) can be formed during the vacuum sintering process, however, the formed WC were broken during the subsequent 1050 ℃ hot forging process. The WC can be formed during the vacuum sintering process above 550 ℃ for 30mins, on both diamond -{100}facet and -{111}facet. Cu-55WDia-1050HF has a thermal conductivity of 230.5W/(mK) which is higher than Cu-55WDia-VS800C2h-1050 of 195.1W/(mK). With the volume fraction of diamond from 45vol% to 65vol%, the thermal conductivity reduced from 250.8 to 65.1W/(mK). For copper/graphite flakes composites, the addition of carbide forming element Ti helped to improve the thermal conductivity. Because of the excessive copper fluidity in Cu-Ti-50GFs-1050HF, Cu-Ti-50GFs-1050HF has the lower thermal conductivity of 202.7 W/(mK) than thermal conductivity of Cu-Ti-50GFs-950HF which is 375.0 W/(mK). With the volume fraction of the graphite flakes from 30% to 70%, the relative density changed from 100% to 83.3%.

text: Fabrication of advanced heat sink materials by powder metallurgy approach To guarantee a safe work environment for high-end chips, electronic packaging materials should have high thermal conductivity, matched coefficient of thermal expansion to semiconductor, low density, good impact toughness, and tensile strength. Diamond/graphite flakes-reinforced composites are considered as the new generation of heat sink material, however, the poor chemical affinity between copper and diamond and between copper and graphite flakes hinder the composites from achieving high thermal conductivity. The interface between copper matrix and diamond reinforcement or graphite flakes reinforcement is the key factor for improving heat transfer of the composites. 

This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of how the interface improves the thermal conductivity of the diamond/graphite flakes-reinforced composites. The primary research includes: (1) study the effect of vacuum sintering process on the formation of carbide layer; (2) investigate the effect of the volume fraction of diamond particles on relative density and thermal conductivity of the copper/diamond composites, and (3) explore the feasibility to fabricate graphite flakes reinforced copper composites by powder forging and investigate the effect of graphite flakes’ volume fraction on the thermal conductivity of the fabricated composites.

Tungsten carbide (WC) can be formed during the vacuum sintering process, however, the formed WC were broken during the subsequent 1050 ℃ hot forging process. The WC can be formed during the vacuum sintering process above 550 ℃ for 30mins, on both diamond -{100}facet and -{111}facet. Cu-55WDia-1050HF has a thermal conductivity of 230.5W/(mK) which is higher than Cu-55WDia-VS800C2h-1050 of 195.1W/(mK). With the volume fraction of diamond from 45vol% to 65vol%, the thermal conductivity reduced from 250.8 to 65.1W/(mK). For copper/graphite flakes composites, the addition of carbide forming element Ti helped to improve the thermal conductivity. Because of the excessive copper fluidity in Cu-Ti-50GFs-1050HF, Cu-Ti-50GFs-1050HF has the lower thermal conductivity of 202.7 W/(mK) than thermal conductivity of Cu-Ti-50GFs-950HF which is 375.0 W/(mK). With the volume fraction of the graphite flakes from 30% to 70%, the relative density changed from 100% to 83.3%.

year: 2021

title: Te aho tapu: Mātauranga a Māui ancient knowledge and preserving culture through practice

authors: Keelan-Peebles, Jacqueline Roberta

abstract: I am Māui I am not Māori. Reclamation of identity as uri o Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga is the ngako of  this creative thesis, in response to the question, ‘who were we before and what is Māuitanga’? 
Due to its paucity my intention is to revive its frequency in restoration to its rightful status in this way; the tools to navigate authentication is through the lens of mātauranga Māui, embedded in kōrero tawhito, traditional cultural practice, lived experience and whakapapa. Validation is  founded in our iwi repositories, pūrākau, ngā waiata, mōteatea, karakia, whaikōrero, rituals of encounter and the arts.
Raranga as the creative vehicle affords the means to analogize kaupapa Māui. The creation of a Kākahu/Korowai is the appropriate representation as its significance aligns itself with the mantle of honour due to rangatira living and those who have passed. 
Exploration of kaupapa Māui infrastructure is fundamental to unravelling multi-faceted cultural narratives. These are the mechanisms to the reclamation of who we were before and to answer the question of Māuitanga. Ultimately to claim and to restore my heritage, to reinstate the common use of an ancient iwi, te iwi ‛Māui’.

text: Te aho tapu: Mātauranga a Māui ancient knowledge and preserving culture through practice I am Māui I am not Māori. Reclamation of identity as uri o Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga is the ngako of  this creative thesis, in response to the question, ‘who were we before and what is Māuitanga’? 
Due to its paucity my intention is to revive its frequency in restoration to its rightful status in this way; the tools to navigate authentication is through the lens of mātauranga Māui, embedded in kōrero tawhito, traditional cultural practice, lived experience and whakapapa. Validation is  founded in our iwi repositories, pūrākau, ngā waiata, mōteatea, karakia, whaikōrero, rituals of encounter and the arts.
Raranga as the creative vehicle affords the means to analogize kaupapa Māui. The creation of a Kākahu/Korowai is the appropriate representation as its significance aligns itself with the mantle of honour due to rangatira living and those who have passed. 
Exploration of kaupapa Māui infrastructure is fundamental to unravelling multi-faceted cultural narratives. These are the mechanisms to the reclamation of who we were before and to answer the question of Māuitanga. Ultimately to claim and to restore my heritage, to reinstate the common use of an ancient iwi, te iwi ‛Māui’.

year: 2022