title: Characteristics of quality teaching for students in New Zealand schools whose first language is not English

authors: Franken, Margaret

subjects: diverse students

abstract: The current paper draws on the findings of two recent research
reports commissioned by the New Zealand Ministry of Education (Alton-Lee,
2003; Franken & McComish, 2003) in order to generate a synthesised
statement of characteristics of quality teaching for students for whom English
is not the first language (referred to from here as NESB students1) in New
Zealand schools. Alton-Lee (2003, see Ministry of Education website,
www.minedu.govt.nz) provides a synthesis of research-based evidence
addressing the nature of quality teaching in schooling for the full range of
diverse students. In this work, diversity encompasses “many characteristics
including ethnicity, socio-economic background, home language, gender,
special needs, disability, and giftedness” (Alton-Lee, 2003, p. v). Because her
synthesis addresses diversity in the student population, she focusses on what is
common to diverse students and thus does not specify particular conditions
that pertain to any one sub-group of diverse students. Franken and
McComish (2003) on the other hand, is a research report into the English
language support for NESB (Non English Speaking Background) students in
New Zealand schools. It includes a literature review of evidence-based
research into second language teaching and learning, particularly classroom
based research. It also reports on observations and analysis of practices in
New Zealand schools, and discusses how these documented practices relate to
the research findings from the literature.

text: Characteristics of quality teaching for students in New Zealand schools whose first language is not English The current paper draws on the findings of two recent research
reports commissioned by the New Zealand Ministry of Education (Alton-Lee,
2003; Franken & McComish, 2003) in order to generate a synthesised
statement of characteristics of quality teaching for students for whom English
is not the first language (referred to from here as NESB students1) in New
Zealand schools. Alton-Lee (2003, see Ministry of Education website,
www.minedu.govt.nz) provides a synthesis of research-based evidence
addressing the nature of quality teaching in schooling for the full range of
diverse students. In this work, diversity encompasses “many characteristics
including ethnicity, socio-economic background, home language, gender,
special needs, disability, and giftedness” (Alton-Lee, 2003, p. v). Because her
synthesis addresses diversity in the student population, she focusses on what is
common to diverse students and thus does not specify particular conditions
that pertain to any one sub-group of diverse students. Franken and
McComish (2003) on the other hand, is a research report into the English
language support for NESB (Non English Speaking Background) students in
New Zealand schools. It includes a literature review of evidence-based
research into second language teaching and learning, particularly classroom
based research. It also reports on observations and analysis of practices in
New Zealand schools, and discusses how these documented practices relate to
the research findings from the literature.

year: 2005

title: Population genomic insights into invasion success in a polyphagous agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys

authors: Parvizi, Elahe

subjects: gene flow

abstract: Invasive species are increasingly threatening ecosystems and agriculture by rapidly expanding their range and adapting to environmental and human-imposed selective pressures. The genomic mechanisms that underlie such rapid changes remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. Here, we used genome-wide polymorphisms derived from native, invasive, and intercepted samples and populations of the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, to gain insights into population genomics processes that have promoted the successful global invasion of this polyphagous pest. Our analysis demonstrated that BMSB exhibits spatial structure but admixture rates are high among introduced populations, resulting in similar levels of genomic diversity across native and introduced populations. These spatial genomic patterns suggest a complex invasion scenario, potentially with multiple bridgehead events, posing a challenge for accurately assigning BMSB incursions to their source using reduced-representation genomic data. By associating allele frequencies with the invasion status of BMSB populations, we found significantly differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in close proximity to genes for insecticide resistance and olfaction. Comparing variations in allele frequencies among populations for outlier SNPs suggests that BMSB invasion success has probably evolved from standing genetic variation. In addition to being a major nuisance of households, BMSB has caused significant economic losses to agriculture in recent years and continues to expand its range. Despite no record of BMSB insecticide resistance to date, our results show high capacity for potential evolution of such traits, highlighting the need for future sustainable and targeted management strategies.

text: Population genomic insights into invasion success in a polyphagous agricultural pest, Halyomorpha halys Invasive species are increasingly threatening ecosystems and agriculture by rapidly expanding their range and adapting to environmental and human-imposed selective pressures. The genomic mechanisms that underlie such rapid changes remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. Here, we used genome-wide polymorphisms derived from native, invasive, and intercepted samples and populations of the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, to gain insights into population genomics processes that have promoted the successful global invasion of this polyphagous pest. Our analysis demonstrated that BMSB exhibits spatial structure but admixture rates are high among introduced populations, resulting in similar levels of genomic diversity across native and introduced populations. These spatial genomic patterns suggest a complex invasion scenario, potentially with multiple bridgehead events, posing a challenge for accurately assigning BMSB incursions to their source using reduced-representation genomic data. By associating allele frequencies with the invasion status of BMSB populations, we found significantly differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in close proximity to genes for insecticide resistance and olfaction. Comparing variations in allele frequencies among populations for outlier SNPs suggests that BMSB invasion success has probably evolved from standing genetic variation. In addition to being a major nuisance of households, BMSB has caused significant economic losses to agriculture in recent years and continues to expand its range. Despite no record of BMSB insecticide resistance to date, our results show high capacity for potential evolution of such traits, highlighting the need for future sustainable and targeted management strategies.

year: 2022-10-17

title: Waitangi Soda Springs alum dosing – bioavailability of aluminium 2013

authors: Ling, Nicholas

abstract: Continuous alum dosing of the Waitangi Soda Springs at Lake Rotoehu commenced in 2010 to reduce inflows of dissolved reactive phosphorus to Lake Rotoehu. Analyses of bioaccumulation in the tissues of kōura and goldfish from Lake Rotoehu were undertaken on animals collected in September 2013 to determine the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of aluminium. Comparative analyses were undertaken on kōura and goldfish collected from Lakes Rotorua and Rotoiti. Lake Rotoehu kōura and goldfish showed slightly elevated aluminium concentrations in the gills indicating enhanced exposure to aluminium but little evidence for significant bioaccumulation in tissues.

text: Waitangi Soda Springs alum dosing – bioavailability of aluminium 2013 Continuous alum dosing of the Waitangi Soda Springs at Lake Rotoehu commenced in 2010 to reduce inflows of dissolved reactive phosphorus to Lake Rotoehu. Analyses of bioaccumulation in the tissues of kōura and goldfish from Lake Rotoehu were undertaken on animals collected in September 2013 to determine the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of aluminium. Comparative analyses were undertaken on kōura and goldfish collected from Lakes Rotorua and Rotoiti. Lake Rotoehu kōura and goldfish showed slightly elevated aluminium concentrations in the gills indicating enhanced exposure to aluminium but little evidence for significant bioaccumulation in tissues.

year: 2015