title: From concussion to classroom: Predicting post-concussion pediatric school functioning

authors: Kennedy, Kristen

abstract: Pediatric concussion is a common injury that can impact many children annually, and while most children return to school within 2 weeks post-concussion, many experience ongoing symptoms that can significantly impair school functioning. Moreover, children with preexisting learning conditions may be at even greater risk for delayed return-to-learn. However, there is limited research examining what factors predict school functioning 1 month post-concussion. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether initial post-concussion symptom severity predicted school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while accounting for pre-existing learning conditions and demographics. 

This research involved 275 children and adolescents aged 5-17 years old who had sustained a concussion. Parent reports were analysed which included the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, as well as study specific demographic questions. We used a hierarchical multiple linear regression to examine whether initial PCSI symptom severity predicted PedsQL school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while accounting for pre-existing learning conditions and demographics. 

The results showed that more severe initial PCSI symptoms significantly predicted worse school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion (R2 = .12, F(6, 158) = 3.53, p = .003), supporting our main hypothesis. However, pre-existing learning conditions did not significantly predict school functioning outcomes, which failed to support our second hypothesis. The final model accounted for 11.8 percent of the variance in school functioning outcomes. 

In conclusion, this research demonstrates that initial post-concussion symptom severity predicts school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while pre-existing learning conditions did not. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive symptom assessment and individualised support plans for children returning to school.

text: From concussion to classroom: Predicting post-concussion pediatric school functioning Pediatric concussion is a common injury that can impact many children annually, and while most children return to school within 2 weeks post-concussion, many experience ongoing symptoms that can significantly impair school functioning. Moreover, children with preexisting learning conditions may be at even greater risk for delayed return-to-learn. However, there is limited research examining what factors predict school functioning 1 month post-concussion. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether initial post-concussion symptom severity predicted school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while accounting for pre-existing learning conditions and demographics. 

This research involved 275 children and adolescents aged 5-17 years old who had sustained a concussion. Parent reports were analysed which included the Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, as well as study specific demographic questions. We used a hierarchical multiple linear regression to examine whether initial PCSI symptom severity predicted PedsQL school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while accounting for pre-existing learning conditions and demographics. 

The results showed that more severe initial PCSI symptoms significantly predicted worse school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion (R2 = .12, F(6, 158) = 3.53, p = .003), supporting our main hypothesis. However, pre-existing learning conditions did not significantly predict school functioning outcomes, which failed to support our second hypothesis. The final model accounted for 11.8 percent of the variance in school functioning outcomes. 

In conclusion, this research demonstrates that initial post-concussion symptom severity predicts school functioning outcomes at 1 month post-concussion, while pre-existing learning conditions did not. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive symptom assessment and individualised support plans for children returning to school.

year: 2025

title: Exploring the impact of internet on hospitality industry's marketing practices: A case of Hamilton, New Zealand

authors: Kumar, Bhupesh

subjects: internet

abstract: This study assesses the impact `internet’ has had on marketing practices of hotels and other sectors of the hospitality industry. Debate continues to establish a definitive image for internet marketing and assess its impacts.  The current study draws upon the literature review undertaken for the purposes and options of senior industry people accumulated through in-depth interviews The interview analysis focused on five criterions based on type of the respondent, their current marketing practice and future intentions regarding internet as a marketing tool.  An agglomerated analysis illustrated that although internet may be more powerful than traditional marketing, traditional marketing still enjoys good popularity within masses. Internet as a fast growing entity by itself, requires the company managers to give it a strong consideration as part of company polices and be prepared to adapt changes as they arise.

text: Exploring the impact of internet on hospitality industry's marketing practices: A case of Hamilton, New Zealand This study assesses the impact `internet’ has had on marketing practices of hotels and other sectors of the hospitality industry. Debate continues to establish a definitive image for internet marketing and assess its impacts.  The current study draws upon the literature review undertaken for the purposes and options of senior industry people accumulated through in-depth interviews The interview analysis focused on five criterions based on type of the respondent, their current marketing practice and future intentions regarding internet as a marketing tool.  An agglomerated analysis illustrated that although internet may be more powerful than traditional marketing, traditional marketing still enjoys good popularity within masses. Internet as a fast growing entity by itself, requires the company managers to give it a strong consideration as part of company polices and be prepared to adapt changes as they arise.

year: 2012

title: The city of Rotorua and its meaning to Ngati Whakaue

authors: Te Awekotuku, Ngahuia

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: This paper discusses the history and settlement of the city of Rotorua as it relates to Ngati Whakaue.

text: The city of Rotorua and its meaning to Ngati Whakaue This paper discusses the history and settlement of the city of Rotorua as it relates to Ngati Whakaue.

year: 1976-08