title: Best practice model for developing legislation

authors: Morgan, Gay

subjects: Designing Legislation

abstract: The history of attempted improvements to legislative design and the design systems of a number of OECD members, including New Zealand’s, inform the best practice model. Regulatory and legislative failures are analysed to discover common denominators, with solutions suggested. Likewise, common denominators in successful international and other national transport safety programmes are included. The model integrates systems and behavioural analysis into regulatory design, regulation monitoring and adjustment mechanisms. The design process is situated within the broader legal system and incorporates drafting. A red, yellow and green light system avoids failure factors. A regulatory tool library includes a suite of regulatory interventions with advice on their use, including differentiating between the behavioural drivers of humans and artificial entities. It recommends the EU’s and Australia’s centralisation of expertise and cross fertilisation of regulatory experience together with early inclusion of civil society and other stakeholders for buy-in and optimal use of systems analysis in developing innovative, effective and resilient regulation. Finally, New Zealand’s regulatory management system overregulates regulators, impeding flexible regulation for changing conditions and value per tax dollar.

text: Best practice model for developing legislation The history of attempted improvements to legislative design and the design systems of a number of OECD members, including New Zealand’s, inform the best practice model. Regulatory and legislative failures are analysed to discover common denominators, with solutions suggested. Likewise, common denominators in successful international and other national transport safety programmes are included. The model integrates systems and behavioural analysis into regulatory design, regulation monitoring and adjustment mechanisms. The design process is situated within the broader legal system and incorporates drafting. A red, yellow and green light system avoids failure factors. A regulatory tool library includes a suite of regulatory interventions with advice on their use, including differentiating between the behavioural drivers of humans and artificial entities. It recommends the EU’s and Australia’s centralisation of expertise and cross fertilisation of regulatory experience together with early inclusion of civil society and other stakeholders for buy-in and optimal use of systems analysis in developing innovative, effective and resilient regulation. Finally, New Zealand’s regulatory management system overregulates regulators, impeding flexible regulation for changing conditions and value per tax dollar.

year: 2020-05

title: Assisted heat transfer and shaft work targets for increased total site heat integration

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

abstract: Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI) provides a valuable framework for practical integration of multiple energy users. Previous studies have introduced the idea of utilising process heat recovery pockets to assist TSHI. However, these methods are shown to be effective for only some Total Site (TS) problems. As a result, this paper presents a new method for calculating assisted heat transfer and shaft work targets for an example TS problem. Analysis results show that assisted heat transfer increases TSHI only when a process heat recovery pocket spans the TS Pinch Region. The maximum assisted TSHI can be targeted by comparing each heat recovery pocket to the Site Utility Grand Composite Curve (SUGCC) using background/foreground analysis. Where heat recovery pockets span two steam pressure levels away from the TS Pinch Region (usually above), the example shows the potential for assisted shaft work production. In this case, the source segment of the heat recovery pocket generates steam (e.g. MPS), which replaces steam that would otherwise have been extracted from a steam turbine. The sink segment of the heat recovery pocket consumes lower pressure steam (e.g. LPS), which is extracted from the turbine. If a heat recovery pocket falls outside these two situations (assuming direct inter-process integration is disallowed), the entire pocket should be recovered internal to a process.

text: Assisted heat transfer and shaft work targets for increased total site heat integration Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI) provides a valuable framework for practical integration of multiple energy users. Previous studies have introduced the idea of utilising process heat recovery pockets to assist TSHI. However, these methods are shown to be effective for only some Total Site (TS) problems. As a result, this paper presents a new method for calculating assisted heat transfer and shaft work targets for an example TS problem. Analysis results show that assisted heat transfer increases TSHI only when a process heat recovery pocket spans the TS Pinch Region. The maximum assisted TSHI can be targeted by comparing each heat recovery pocket to the Site Utility Grand Composite Curve (SUGCC) using background/foreground analysis. Where heat recovery pockets span two steam pressure levels away from the TS Pinch Region (usually above), the example shows the potential for assisted shaft work production. In this case, the source segment of the heat recovery pocket generates steam (e.g. MPS), which replaces steam that would otherwise have been extracted from a steam turbine. The sink segment of the heat recovery pocket consumes lower pressure steam (e.g. LPS), which is extracted from the turbine. If a heat recovery pocket falls outside these two situations (assuming direct inter-process integration is disallowed), the entire pocket should be recovered internal to a process.

year: 2016

title: Composition Portfolio

authors: Ulenberg, Phillippa

subjects: composition portfolio

abstract: The music written for this portfolio offers creative answers to some of the challenges facing contemporary New Zealand composition, including multiculturalism.This has involved in-depth research using a variety of methods. Engagement was undertaken with linguists and musicians from Malaysia and Korea, who not only assisted with texts, but also spoke knowledgeably about their cultural traditions and past and present musical genres. The inclusion of Chinese gu-zheng in several of the works was made possible with the assistance given by Chen Xi Yao, an excellent performer who comes from a long lineage of musicians. Attending concerts given by performers of the instruments that have been used in the portfolio was essential to understanding the sounds and uses of the instruments. In addition, on-line sources include many examples of the sounds. Attendance at workshops on Māori taonga pūoro also brought the additional honour, benefits and experience of making and playing the instruments, and the opportunities to meet and work with leading makers and performers of these musical treasures. Sources of Western classical music that have been particularly influential during the writing of the portfolio are orchestral works by Igor Stravinsky, Samuel Barber and Param Vir, and the song cycles of Alban Berg and Benjamin Britten. Luciano Berio’s virtuosic piece for solo bassoon was also instructive. Experiences of composition, reflection and scholarly research underpin the portfolio and have have informed the composition of each work.

text: Composition Portfolio The music written for this portfolio offers creative answers to some of the challenges facing contemporary New Zealand composition, including multiculturalism.This has involved in-depth research using a variety of methods. Engagement was undertaken with linguists and musicians from Malaysia and Korea, who not only assisted with texts, but also spoke knowledgeably about their cultural traditions and past and present musical genres. The inclusion of Chinese gu-zheng in several of the works was made possible with the assistance given by Chen Xi Yao, an excellent performer who comes from a long lineage of musicians. Attending concerts given by performers of the instruments that have been used in the portfolio was essential to understanding the sounds and uses of the instruments. In addition, on-line sources include many examples of the sounds. Attendance at workshops on Māori taonga pūoro also brought the additional honour, benefits and experience of making and playing the instruments, and the opportunities to meet and work with leading makers and performers of these musical treasures. Sources of Western classical music that have been particularly influential during the writing of the portfolio are orchestral works by Igor Stravinsky, Samuel Barber and Param Vir, and the song cycles of Alban Berg and Benjamin Britten. Luciano Berio’s virtuosic piece for solo bassoon was also instructive. Experiences of composition, reflection and scholarly research underpin the portfolio and have have informed the composition of each work.

year: 2011