title: Critical geographies of love as spatial, relational and political

authors: Morrison, Carey-Ann

subjects: affect

abstract: Geographers to date have resisted writing about feelings, affects, places and spaces of love. It is timely to put love on the geographical agenda. We begin by addressing the question ‘what does love do?’, and we review the work of geographers who have been thinking about love via a number of different theoretical lenses. We then argue for a consideration of love as spatial, relational and political. We prompt geographers to think critically about love in its entire multisensory, lived, embodied, felt and contradictory guises. Finally, the work of Ahmed, Sedgwick and Berlant is useful for furthering geographers’ insights on love

text: Critical geographies of love as spatial, relational and political Geographers to date have resisted writing about feelings, affects, places and spaces of love. It is timely to put love on the geographical agenda. We begin by addressing the question ‘what does love do?’, and we review the work of geographers who have been thinking about love via a number of different theoretical lenses. We then argue for a consideration of love as spatial, relational and political. We prompt geographers to think critically about love in its entire multisensory, lived, embodied, felt and contradictory guises. Finally, the work of Ahmed, Sedgwick and Berlant is useful for furthering geographers’ insights on love

year: 2012

title: Syntheses and molecular structures of some compounds containing many-atom chains end-capped by tricobalt carbonyl clusters

authors: Bruce, Michael I.

subjects: cobalt cluster

abstract: Several complexes containing Co₃ carbonyl clusters end-capping carbon chains of various lengths are described. Pd(0)/Cu(I)-catalysed reactions between {Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂Au(PPh₃)}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ and I(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂SiMe₃ or FcCtriple bond; length of mdashCI gave {Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)xR}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ [x = 4, R = SiMe₃3; x = 3, R = Fc 8]; treatment of 3 with NaOMe and AuCl(PPh₃) gave 4 [x = 4, R = Au(PPh3)]. Related preparations of Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂[Ru(PP)Cp′]}(μ-dppm)n(CO)9−2n [PP = (PPh₃)₂, Cp’ = Cp, n = 1, 5; PP = dppe, Cp′ = Cp∗, n = 1, 6; 0, 7] are also described. Syntheses of bis-cluster complexes {Co₃(μ-dppm)(CO)₇}₂(μ-Cx) (x = 14, 12; 16, 9; 18, 11; 26, 10) – the latter being the longest cluster-capped Cx chains so far described – and the mercury-bridged compounds Hg{(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)xC[Co₃(μ-dppm)(CO)₇]}₂ (x = 1, 13; 2, 14) are reported. The molecular structures of 7, 12, 13 and 14, as well as of Co₃(μ₃-CCtriple bond; length of mdashCSiMe₃)(μ-dppm)(CO)₆(PPh₃) (15) and Co₃{μ₃-CC(O)OEt}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ (16), are reported.

text: Syntheses and molecular structures of some compounds containing many-atom chains end-capped by tricobalt carbonyl clusters Several complexes containing Co₃ carbonyl clusters end-capping carbon chains of various lengths are described. Pd(0)/Cu(I)-catalysed reactions between {Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂Au(PPh₃)}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ and I(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂SiMe₃ or FcCtriple bond; length of mdashCI gave {Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)xR}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ [x = 4, R = SiMe₃3; x = 3, R = Fc 8]; treatment of 3 with NaOMe and AuCl(PPh₃) gave 4 [x = 4, R = Au(PPh3)]. Related preparations of Co₃{μ₃-C(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)₂[Ru(PP)Cp′]}(μ-dppm)n(CO)9−2n [PP = (PPh₃)₂, Cp’ = Cp, n = 1, 5; PP = dppe, Cp′ = Cp∗, n = 1, 6; 0, 7] are also described. Syntheses of bis-cluster complexes {Co₃(μ-dppm)(CO)₇}₂(μ-Cx) (x = 14, 12; 16, 9; 18, 11; 26, 10) – the latter being the longest cluster-capped Cx chains so far described – and the mercury-bridged compounds Hg{(Ctriple bond; length of mdashC)xC[Co₃(μ-dppm)(CO)₇]}₂ (x = 1, 13; 2, 14) are reported. The molecular structures of 7, 12, 13 and 14, as well as of Co₃(μ₃-CCtriple bond; length of mdashCSiMe₃)(μ-dppm)(CO)₆(PPh₃) (15) and Co₃{μ₃-CC(O)OEt}(μ-dppm)(CO)₇ (16), are reported.

year: 2008

title: Kei hea te tangi a te Tūī? An exploration of Kaitiakitanga in urban spaces

authors: Walker, Erana

subjects: Kaitiakitanga

abstract: Indigenous people’s connection to the natural world differs from place to place. In Aotearoa, New Zealand, Māori connection to nature is often articulated through the concept of kaitiakitanga whilst intertwining concepts of whakapapa, wairua, mana, mauri and place. Kaitiakitanga captures the relationships, narratives and practices that Māori utilise to protect kin of the natural environment as well as Māori communities in general. Over recent decades increase use of kaitiakitanga with respect to resource management has been linked to ideas of guardianship and stewardship, departing from important aspects such as place, whakapapa, intergenerational knowledge, spirituality and resource use. Calls to recognise the diverse ways kaitiakitanga has and can be expressed by Māori have echoed through academic literature, encouraging wider perspectives and application of the concept to develop. This has reinvigorated not only the need for natures protection but also the recognition of cultural knowledges and concepts in practicing kaitiakitanga. 
 
As with most indigenous people, Māori have experienced urbanisation that has spanned across generations of whānau and hapū. Urbanisation has the ability to challenge health outcomes, cultural practices and cultural knowledge, and more importantly, relationships to nature. Growing urbanisation and environmental degradation continue to challenge people and our relationships to nature. There is now a need to understand how urban spaces may also challenge the concepts that encourage connections to nature like kaitiakitanga. Moreover, there is a need to understand if such cultural concepts can become challenged when transient Māori reside in another tribal group’s boundaries. This research provides a deeper analysis of kaitiakitanga by understanding its application within the urban space of Kirikiriroa/Hamilton. From data gathered through a survey, focus groups and interviews, this research project illustrates the experiences of Māori in the urban space who know and practice kaitiakitanga in Kirikiriroa/Hamilton. More importantly, this study posits the integral role of place connection and mana in supporting and shaping kaitiakitanga practices in urban spaces.

The data from participants shows a clear narrative of kaitiakitanga from both local and transient Māori exist and indicates that kaitiakitanga is practiced in accordance with their location and whakapapa to their area of residence. The study has found that kaitiakitanga practices have adapted to suit urban spaces allowing for both transient and local knowledges to exist within the urban space. The key findings of this research show many influences that impact kaitiakitanga practices like the recognition of childhood spaces and experiences, ideas of kinship, cultural knowledges, spirituality, mobility, nature as well as modernisation. Through exploring participants use and knowledge of kaitiakitanga, this research provides a new lens in which to view this concept and bring to the fore, the various experiences and ways that participants connect to place, people, culture and most importantly, nature.

text: Kei hea te tangi a te Tūī? An exploration of Kaitiakitanga in urban spaces Indigenous people’s connection to the natural world differs from place to place. In Aotearoa, New Zealand, Māori connection to nature is often articulated through the concept of kaitiakitanga whilst intertwining concepts of whakapapa, wairua, mana, mauri and place. Kaitiakitanga captures the relationships, narratives and practices that Māori utilise to protect kin of the natural environment as well as Māori communities in general. Over recent decades increase use of kaitiakitanga with respect to resource management has been linked to ideas of guardianship and stewardship, departing from important aspects such as place, whakapapa, intergenerational knowledge, spirituality and resource use. Calls to recognise the diverse ways kaitiakitanga has and can be expressed by Māori have echoed through academic literature, encouraging wider perspectives and application of the concept to develop. This has reinvigorated not only the need for natures protection but also the recognition of cultural knowledges and concepts in practicing kaitiakitanga. 
 
As with most indigenous people, Māori have experienced urbanisation that has spanned across generations of whānau and hapū. Urbanisation has the ability to challenge health outcomes, cultural practices and cultural knowledge, and more importantly, relationships to nature. Growing urbanisation and environmental degradation continue to challenge people and our relationships to nature. There is now a need to understand how urban spaces may also challenge the concepts that encourage connections to nature like kaitiakitanga. Moreover, there is a need to understand if such cultural concepts can become challenged when transient Māori reside in another tribal group’s boundaries. This research provides a deeper analysis of kaitiakitanga by understanding its application within the urban space of Kirikiriroa/Hamilton. From data gathered through a survey, focus groups and interviews, this research project illustrates the experiences of Māori in the urban space who know and practice kaitiakitanga in Kirikiriroa/Hamilton. More importantly, this study posits the integral role of place connection and mana in supporting and shaping kaitiakitanga practices in urban spaces.

The data from participants shows a clear narrative of kaitiakitanga from both local and transient Māori exist and indicates that kaitiakitanga is practiced in accordance with their location and whakapapa to their area of residence. The study has found that kaitiakitanga practices have adapted to suit urban spaces allowing for both transient and local knowledges to exist within the urban space. The key findings of this research show many influences that impact kaitiakitanga practices like the recognition of childhood spaces and experiences, ideas of kinship, cultural knowledges, spirituality, mobility, nature as well as modernisation. Through exploring participants use and knowledge of kaitiakitanga, this research provides a new lens in which to view this concept and bring to the fore, the various experiences and ways that participants connect to place, people, culture and most importantly, nature.

year: 2021