title: Determinants of intention to leave a non-managerial job in the fast-food industry of West Malaysia

authors: Ryan, Chris

subjects: fast foods

abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine determinants of an intention to quit a job held by non-managerial staff in the Malaysian fast food industry. It examines issues such as job stress and peer groups.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative analysis of 806 respondents working in international fast food chains was undertaken following an initial semi-structured interview process with managers.
Findings – Of the total sample, 20 percent were found to think frequently about leaving their job, while a further 20 percent were described as being committed to their employment. High intent to leave scorers were found to be influenced by friends, but also feeling job stress and “being burnt out”.
Research limitations/implications – The findings may relate solely to fast food outlets in Peninsular Malaya due to cultural issues related to the Islamic nature of Malaysian society.
Practical implications – Fast food managers need to consider employees as part of a team and not simply as individuals, and it was found that friendship ties emerged as a significant variable in determining intention to leave a job.
Social implications – Malaysian fast food outlets near places of worship that make it easier for employees to fulfil religious obligations may find it easier to retain staff.
Originality/value – This is thought to be the first study of the Malaysian fast food industry and labour turnover.

text: Determinants of intention to leave a non-managerial job in the fast-food industry of West Malaysia Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine determinants of an intention to quit a job held by non-managerial staff in the Malaysian fast food industry. It examines issues such as job stress and peer groups.
Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative analysis of 806 respondents working in international fast food chains was undertaken following an initial semi-structured interview process with managers.
Findings – Of the total sample, 20 percent were found to think frequently about leaving their job, while a further 20 percent were described as being committed to their employment. High intent to leave scorers were found to be influenced by friends, but also feeling job stress and “being burnt out”.
Research limitations/implications – The findings may relate solely to fast food outlets in Peninsular Malaya due to cultural issues related to the Islamic nature of Malaysian society.
Practical implications – Fast food managers need to consider employees as part of a team and not simply as individuals, and it was found that friendship ties emerged as a significant variable in determining intention to leave a job.
Social implications – Malaysian fast food outlets near places of worship that make it easier for employees to fulfil religious obligations may find it easier to retain staff.
Originality/value – This is thought to be the first study of the Malaysian fast food industry and labour turnover.

year: 2011

title: Super-size your control of language: Inter-propositional relations as a tool for textual analysis in language learning

authors: Johnson, Diane

subjects: Language & education

abstract: In what might be considered traditional approaches to language teaching and learning, the focus is often on lexical or syntactic issues and instruction is often limited to phrase, clause or sentence. While learning at this level is important, it is also the case that learners, in developing a high degree of control of their target language, need to be taught skills that will give them the capacity to decode and encode complete texts of a variety of types in a variety of contexts. While, over the last two decades, some researchers have made some useful suggestions about approaches to the issue of above-sentence-level language control, they generally make little reference to the role of mental operations in textual comprehension. Against a background of Crombie’s work on inter-propositional relations, the overall objective of this paper is to demonstrate, with reference to a specific example, the extent to which an interpropositional approach provides a potentially rich methodological tool for language teachers and a mechanism for promoting in-depth comprehension of texts.

text: Super-size your control of language: Inter-propositional relations as a tool for textual analysis in language learning In what might be considered traditional approaches to language teaching and learning, the focus is often on lexical or syntactic issues and instruction is often limited to phrase, clause or sentence. While learning at this level is important, it is also the case that learners, in developing a high degree of control of their target language, need to be taught skills that will give them the capacity to decode and encode complete texts of a variety of types in a variety of contexts. While, over the last two decades, some researchers have made some useful suggestions about approaches to the issue of above-sentence-level language control, they generally make little reference to the role of mental operations in textual comprehension. Against a background of Crombie’s work on inter-propositional relations, the overall objective of this paper is to demonstrate, with reference to a specific example, the extent to which an interpropositional approach provides a potentially rich methodological tool for language teachers and a mechanism for promoting in-depth comprehension of texts.

year: 2010

title: Te Karauna Hou: the senior Ngati Rahiri rangatira

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: Te Karauna Hou, the principal Ngati Rahiri rangatira living at Te Aroha in 1880, had a distinguished whakapapa linking him to several hapu. Before settling permanently at Te Aroha in the 1870s he lived in several places, especially at Kaitawa, on the southern outskirts of Thames. One of the principal rangatira in Hauraki, he was loyal to the Crown during the Waikato War, and later assisted Pakeha settlement. To emphasize his mana and that of his hapu, he held big festivities at Kaitawa and at Omahu pa at Te Aroha. 
In 1871, when Ngati Haua won a (temporary) victory in the land court over the ownership of the Aroha Block, Karauna took control of it on behalf of the Marutuahu confederation, and subsequently kept Ngati Haua at bay. For a time he opposed road-making on this block, but later agreed to it, for financial reasons. Like all rangatira, he sought to maximize his ownership of as many blocks of land as possible, sometimes having his lies exposed through his contradicting his earlier evidence. He also denied receiving money for land when his denials were easily disproved. Despite leasing and selling land, selling timber and gum, and opening his land to miners, he often struggled financially.  
Karauna claimed to have found gold in Hauraki in 1852, and was willing to open his land at Thames to miners, but did not invest in any claims before the Te Aroha rush, when he attempted to extract a bonus of £1,000 from the government for opening the field. After his death in 1885, Pakeha remembered with gratitude his friendly attitude to them, but they also remembered his drunkenness, which meant he lost the respect of both Maori and Pakeha in his latter years.

text: Te Karauna Hou: the senior Ngati Rahiri rangatira Te Karauna Hou, the principal Ngati Rahiri rangatira living at Te Aroha in 1880, had a distinguished whakapapa linking him to several hapu. Before settling permanently at Te Aroha in the 1870s he lived in several places, especially at Kaitawa, on the southern outskirts of Thames. One of the principal rangatira in Hauraki, he was loyal to the Crown during the Waikato War, and later assisted Pakeha settlement. To emphasize his mana and that of his hapu, he held big festivities at Kaitawa and at Omahu pa at Te Aroha. 
In 1871, when Ngati Haua won a (temporary) victory in the land court over the ownership of the Aroha Block, Karauna took control of it on behalf of the Marutuahu confederation, and subsequently kept Ngati Haua at bay. For a time he opposed road-making on this block, but later agreed to it, for financial reasons. Like all rangatira, he sought to maximize his ownership of as many blocks of land as possible, sometimes having his lies exposed through his contradicting his earlier evidence. He also denied receiving money for land when his denials were easily disproved. Despite leasing and selling land, selling timber and gum, and opening his land to miners, he often struggled financially.  
Karauna claimed to have found gold in Hauraki in 1852, and was willing to open his land at Thames to miners, but did not invest in any claims before the Te Aroha rush, when he attempted to extract a bonus of £1,000 from the government for opening the field. After his death in 1885, Pakeha remembered with gratitude his friendly attitude to them, but they also remembered his drunkenness, which meant he lost the respect of both Maori and Pakeha in his latter years.

year: 2016