title: Porphyrins and phthalocyanines as chemical visualisation reagents for latent fingerprint development

authors: Murphy, Karen Ann

abstract: The focus of the research presented in this thesis was the investigation of porphyrins and phthalocyanines as potential reagents for the development of latent fingerprints. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines are structurally related compounds which have many features in common, including the ability to substitute a wide variety of metal ions into the core of the macrocyclic ring, along with the ability to attach a vast range of functional groups to the periphery of the macrocyclic ring and to the metal centre. These compounds also exhibit diverse absorption and emission spectra, which are sensitive to the metal ions and functional groups incorporated. Porphyrins are the most abundant colouring matter found in nature, and phthalocyanines are used extensively as colouring agents. These qualities indicate that such compounds are good candidates for fingerprint reagents. 

A porphyrin and several phthalocyanines were synthesised, characterised, and appraised as potential fingerprint reagents. All compounds examined showed reactivity towards one or more fingerprint components. In particular it was found that dihydroxytetraphenylporphyrinatotin(IV) was capable of developing prints via reaction with water and non-water soluble fingerprint components. This compound may have application for the development of fingerprints on substrates such as thermal paper. It may also be a useful prior treatment to Physical Developer, a currently used technique for the development of fingerprints that have been exposed to water. Another compound, copper(II) tetrachlorosulfonylphthalocyanine was found to develop prints by reaction with water soluble fingerprint components. This compound may be of use on substrates where currently available methods give low contrasting fingerprints. Overall it was determined that porphyrins and phthalocyanines show genuine promise as fingerprint reagents and that further research in this area is clearly warranted.

text: Porphyrins and phthalocyanines as chemical visualisation reagents for latent fingerprint development The focus of the research presented in this thesis was the investigation of porphyrins and phthalocyanines as potential reagents for the development of latent fingerprints. Porphyrins and phthalocyanines are structurally related compounds which have many features in common, including the ability to substitute a wide variety of metal ions into the core of the macrocyclic ring, along with the ability to attach a vast range of functional groups to the periphery of the macrocyclic ring and to the metal centre. These compounds also exhibit diverse absorption and emission spectra, which are sensitive to the metal ions and functional groups incorporated. Porphyrins are the most abundant colouring matter found in nature, and phthalocyanines are used extensively as colouring agents. These qualities indicate that such compounds are good candidates for fingerprint reagents. 

A porphyrin and several phthalocyanines were synthesised, characterised, and appraised as potential fingerprint reagents. All compounds examined showed reactivity towards one or more fingerprint components. In particular it was found that dihydroxytetraphenylporphyrinatotin(IV) was capable of developing prints via reaction with water and non-water soluble fingerprint components. This compound may have application for the development of fingerprints on substrates such as thermal paper. It may also be a useful prior treatment to Physical Developer, a currently used technique for the development of fingerprints that have been exposed to water. Another compound, copper(II) tetrachlorosulfonylphthalocyanine was found to develop prints by reaction with water soluble fingerprint components. This compound may be of use on substrates where currently available methods give low contrasting fingerprints. Overall it was determined that porphyrins and phthalocyanines show genuine promise as fingerprint reagents and that further research in this area is clearly warranted.

year: 1999

title: Learning collocations with FLAX apps

authors: Yu, Alex

subjects: computer science

abstract: The rise of Mobile Assisted Language Learning has brought a new dimension and dynamic into language classes. Game-like apps have become a particularly effective way to promote self-learning to young learners outside classroom. This paper describes a system called FLAX that allows teachers to automatically generate a variety of collocation games from a con-temporary collocation database built from Wikipedia text. These games are fun to play and mimic traditional classroom activities such as Collocation Matching, Collocation Guessing, Collocation Dominoes, and Related Words. The apps can be downloaded onto Android devices from the Google Play store, and exercises are automatically updated whenever new materials are added by teachers through a web-based interface on the FLAX server. Teachers have used these games to provide supplementary material for several Massive Open Online courses (MOOC) in Law discipline.

text: Learning collocations with FLAX apps The rise of Mobile Assisted Language Learning has brought a new dimension and dynamic into language classes. Game-like apps have become a particularly effective way to promote self-learning to young learners outside classroom. This paper describes a system called FLAX that allows teachers to automatically generate a variety of collocation games from a con-temporary collocation database built from Wikipedia text. These games are fun to play and mimic traditional classroom activities such as Collocation Matching, Collocation Guessing, Collocation Dominoes, and Related Words. The apps can be downloaded onto Android devices from the Google Play store, and exercises are automatically updated whenever new materials are added by teachers through a web-based interface on the FLAX server. Teachers have used these games to provide supplementary material for several Massive Open Online courses (MOOC) in Law discipline.

year: 2016

title: Cultural tattoos: meanings, descriptors, and attributions

authors: Nikora, Linda Waimarie

subjects: Maori

abstract: Body piercing and tattoo/ta moko were initially seen to be practiced by sailors,
criminals, specific cultural groups (e.g., Māori), or sub-cultural groups (e.g., bikers,
gang members, adolescents). In recent times, these practices have become part of
mainstream popular culture, and are enjoyed by a wide range of people. In this
study, we set out to explore patterns of body modifying behaviour engaged in, or
commented on, by a sample of university students. We invited undergraduate
psychology students from two courses to complete an ‘online’ questionnaire.
Students logged on to a web site, were presented with an information sheet, and
invited to respond. In this paper, we present the reasons why people in this sample
decided to obtain a tattoo and the meanings they ascribe to their modifications. We
will also consider the observations that people make of those who have culturally
inspired tattoos.

text: Cultural tattoos: meanings, descriptors, and attributions Body piercing and tattoo/ta moko were initially seen to be practiced by sailors,
criminals, specific cultural groups (e.g., Māori), or sub-cultural groups (e.g., bikers,
gang members, adolescents). In recent times, these practices have become part of
mainstream popular culture, and are enjoyed by a wide range of people. In this
study, we set out to explore patterns of body modifying behaviour engaged in, or
commented on, by a sample of university students. We invited undergraduate
psychology students from two courses to complete an ‘online’ questionnaire.
Students logged on to a web site, were presented with an information sheet, and
invited to respond. In this paper, we present the reasons why people in this sample
decided to obtain a tattoo and the meanings they ascribe to their modifications. We
will also consider the observations that people make of those who have culturally
inspired tattoos.

year: 2003