title: Key informant views on biobanking and genomic research with Māori

authors: Hudson, Maui

abstract: The aim of the Te Mata Ira project was to explore Māori views on biobanking and genomic research, and to identify ways to address Māori concerns over the collection and use of human tissue. Key informant interviews and workshops were conducted with Māori to identify Māori views in relation to biobanking and genomic research; and, informed by these views, interviews and workshops were conducted with Māori and non-Māori key informants (Indigenous Advisory Panel (IAP) members and science communities) to explore key issues in relation to Māori participation in biobanking and genomic research. Māori key informants identified the following as key deliberations: (1) the tension for Māori between previous well-publicised negative experiences with genomic research and the potential value for whanau and communities as technologies develop, (2) protection of Māori rights and interest, (3) focus on Māori health priorities, (4) control of samples and data, (5) expectations of consultation and consent and (6) a desire for greater feedback and communication. Māori and non-Māori key informants highlighted the need to enhance levels of Māori participation in the governance of genomic research and biobanking initiatives, and acknowledged that only by increasing the level of transparency and accountability in relation to these activities will Māori communities feel that their whakapapa, rights and interests are being appropriately protected.

text: Key informant views on biobanking and genomic research with Māori The aim of the Te Mata Ira project was to explore Māori views on biobanking and genomic research, and to identify ways to address Māori concerns over the collection and use of human tissue. Key informant interviews and workshops were conducted with Māori to identify Māori views in relation to biobanking and genomic research; and, informed by these views, interviews and workshops were conducted with Māori and non-Māori key informants (Indigenous Advisory Panel (IAP) members and science communities) to explore key issues in relation to Māori participation in biobanking and genomic research. Māori key informants identified the following as key deliberations: (1) the tension for Māori between previous well-publicised negative experiences with genomic research and the potential value for whanau and communities as technologies develop, (2) protection of Māori rights and interest, (3) focus on Māori health priorities, (4) control of samples and data, (5) expectations of consultation and consent and (6) a desire for greater feedback and communication. Māori and non-Māori key informants highlighted the need to enhance levels of Māori participation in the governance of genomic research and biobanking initiatives, and acknowledged that only by increasing the level of transparency and accountability in relation to these activities will Māori communities feel that their whakapapa, rights and interests are being appropriately protected.

year: 2016

title: Verbs in Māori: The problem of definitional criteria

authors: Whaanga, Hēmi

subjects: te reo Māori

abstract: A range of different types of criteria has been applied at different points in the history of the classification of verbs in Māori. These have included syntactic and morphological criteria, semantic criteria and derivational criteria. Unfortunately, these criteria have not always been applied consistently and this has led to considerable disagreement about the classification of verbs in Māori. In this paper, different accounts of verb classification in Māori are critically examined and it is argued that some of the disagreements can be resolved by acknowledging (a) that words in Māori may be assigned to different word classes in different contexts, and (b) that word classes and sub-classes should be determined on the basis of morphological and syntactic criteria with semantic and derivational information playing a role only in so far as they have observable syntactic and/or morphological consequences.

text: Verbs in Māori: The problem of definitional criteria A range of different types of criteria has been applied at different points in the history of the classification of verbs in Māori. These have included syntactic and morphological criteria, semantic criteria and derivational criteria. Unfortunately, these criteria have not always been applied consistently and this has led to considerable disagreement about the classification of verbs in Māori. In this paper, different accounts of verb classification in Māori are critically examined and it is argued that some of the disagreements can be resolved by acknowledging (a) that words in Māori may be assigned to different word classes in different contexts, and (b) that word classes and sub-classes should be determined on the basis of morphological and syntactic criteria with semantic and derivational information playing a role only in so far as they have observable syntactic and/or morphological consequences.

year: 2000-10

title: Milk Powder Deposition in Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers

authors: Englebrecht, R.

abstract: The lack of heat recovery implementation in spray dryer exhausts can be ascribed to difficulties associated with particulate fouling that reduce the thermal performance of these units. The aim of this work is to experimentally characterise the deposition of two brands of skim milk powder (A and B) on a bare tube bank in cross-flow. Results show that the tube powder deposition for powder A reached a maximum at the second row of tubes while for powder B the maximum was at the third row. Analysing the mid diameter of tube deposited particles for powder A showed a separation of particles based on tube row where increasing tube row number into the heat exchanger the deposited particle size was reduced.

text: Milk Powder Deposition in Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers The lack of heat recovery implementation in spray dryer exhausts can be ascribed to difficulties associated with particulate fouling that reduce the thermal performance of these units. The aim of this work is to experimentally characterise the deposition of two brands of skim milk powder (A and B) on a bare tube bank in cross-flow. Results show that the tube powder deposition for powder A reached a maximum at the second row of tubes while for powder B the maximum was at the third row. Analysing the mid diameter of tube deposited particles for powder A showed a separation of particles based on tube row where increasing tube row number into the heat exchanger the deposited particle size was reduced.

year: 2013