title: John Squirrell: a farmer and storekeeper who mined (briefly) at Te Aroha

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: An English merchant’s clerk, some years after his wife’s death John Squirrell brought his sister and daughters to New Zealand to settle in the new Shaftesbury settlement, upriver from Te Aroha. His letters to English relatives provided details of their experiments with growing a variety of produce, which they sold locally or sent to the Auckland. He also took over a store, running it with the assistance of one of his daughters and struggling to obtain payment from customers before refusing to sell on credit. A leading member of the small Shaftesbury community, he did his best to assist its development.
In 1888 a blacksmith and sometime miner, James Munro, convinced him to prospect ground in the Tui portion of the goldfield. Again, his letters provided details of their amateur and short-term, unprofitable efforts; lacking capital to open up their ground, it was soon abandoned. His investments in Waiorongomai mines were equally unprofitable.
In 1892 Squirrell acquired land at another settlement, at Gordon, further upriver. He struggled to develop this farm, and was involved in conflicts with other members of the settlement, especially after he became secretary of the association. He continued to farm elsewhere, and became involved in early dairy companies, again becoming caught up in controversy.
A man holding strong opinions on a variety of topics, and very willing to express them, he regarded himself as a radical but opposed the Liberal Government. In his personal life he had to cope with two daughters suffering from mental problems, one of them being admitted to the asylum. He spent all his life attempting to provide for his family, only attaining a modest standard of living.

text: John Squirrell: a farmer and storekeeper who mined (briefly) at Te Aroha An English merchant’s clerk, some years after his wife’s death John Squirrell brought his sister and daughters to New Zealand to settle in the new Shaftesbury settlement, upriver from Te Aroha. His letters to English relatives provided details of their experiments with growing a variety of produce, which they sold locally or sent to the Auckland. He also took over a store, running it with the assistance of one of his daughters and struggling to obtain payment from customers before refusing to sell on credit. A leading member of the small Shaftesbury community, he did his best to assist its development.
In 1888 a blacksmith and sometime miner, James Munro, convinced him to prospect ground in the Tui portion of the goldfield. Again, his letters provided details of their amateur and short-term, unprofitable efforts; lacking capital to open up their ground, it was soon abandoned. His investments in Waiorongomai mines were equally unprofitable.
In 1892 Squirrell acquired land at another settlement, at Gordon, further upriver. He struggled to develop this farm, and was involved in conflicts with other members of the settlement, especially after he became secretary of the association. He continued to farm elsewhere, and became involved in early dairy companies, again becoming caught up in controversy.
A man holding strong opinions on a variety of topics, and very willing to express them, he regarded himself as a radical but opposed the Liberal Government. In his personal life he had to cope with two daughters suffering from mental problems, one of them being admitted to the asylum. He spent all his life attempting to provide for his family, only attaining a modest standard of living.

year: 2016

title: Multi-Level process integration of heat pumps in a non-continuous processing site

authors: Klinac, Elsa

subjects: Industrial

abstract: Industrial process heat demands contribute significantly to New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions. With a global push towards decarbonization, including New Zealand’s Climate Change Response Amendment Act 2019, there is a need for methods and technologies that can be applied to replace industrial fossil fuel boiler use. With an increasing range of renewable energy sources, electrification provides a promising alternative to fossil fuel use; however, it is also critical to reduce process heat demands where possible. This can be done through the reuse of industrial waste heat via direct heat exchange, thermal storage, or heat pump installations. Existing Heat Integration methods provide a means of identifying waste heat recovery opportunities; however, these methods are typically aimed at steady state industries. In New Zealand, many industries operate in a non-continuous manner, creating challenges in the accurate application of these existing Heat Integration methods. 
This thesis presents a multi-level process integration method for heat pump and thermal storage retrofit on non-continuous industrial processing sites. This method aims to address several gaps in current Heat Integration methodology through the novel amalgamation of several tools discussed in four main chapters: (1) A multi-level heat pump integration tool is developed that sequentially identifies heat pump opportunities to both upgrade waste heat for reuse, and  shift remaining waste process heat towards more favorable temperature ranges, (2) A multi steady state time slice investigation develops a tool for selecting appropriate time slice sizes to accurately represent variable, non-continuous industrial sites, (3) a multi steady state thermal storage identification tool is developed by applying the previously identified time slices to existing heat integration methods with an aim to further buffer fluctuations in heat demand, and optimize the thermal loads on the previously identified heat pump opportunities.
The tools are combined into a final method and applied to a meat processing case study site that is representative of the variable, non-continuous industries that dominate the food sector in New Zealand. In this case study, hourly time slices were used to identify multiple successive heat pump opportunities including a 1.9 MW MVR that recompresses waste steam from the rendering dryers with a COP of 10, and a central 1.5 MW heat pump that supplies heat at 70°C to the site ring main with a COP of 3.4. In addition, it was found that the 90°C heat pump, already installed on the case study site, would have the potential to increase utilization on the case study site if the two other heat pump opportunities identified were implemented. Thermal storage opportunities were also identified that can be used to buffer heat demands on the 70°C heat pump opportunity, thereby allowing the heat pump to be resized to 1.04 MW in comparison to the initially hypothesized 1.5 MW, reducing both capital and operational costs of the heat pump.
This amalgamated method provides novel Total Site Heat Integration additions, which when compared to conventional heat integration methods, provide more accurate and more useful heat pump decarbonization strategies for non-continuous industrial sites, ultimately aiding in industrial decarbonization.

text: Multi-Level process integration of heat pumps in a non-continuous processing site Industrial process heat demands contribute significantly to New Zealand’s greenhouse gas emissions. With a global push towards decarbonization, including New Zealand’s Climate Change Response Amendment Act 2019, there is a need for methods and technologies that can be applied to replace industrial fossil fuel boiler use. With an increasing range of renewable energy sources, electrification provides a promising alternative to fossil fuel use; however, it is also critical to reduce process heat demands where possible. This can be done through the reuse of industrial waste heat via direct heat exchange, thermal storage, or heat pump installations. Existing Heat Integration methods provide a means of identifying waste heat recovery opportunities; however, these methods are typically aimed at steady state industries. In New Zealand, many industries operate in a non-continuous manner, creating challenges in the accurate application of these existing Heat Integration methods. 
This thesis presents a multi-level process integration method for heat pump and thermal storage retrofit on non-continuous industrial processing sites. This method aims to address several gaps in current Heat Integration methodology through the novel amalgamation of several tools discussed in four main chapters: (1) A multi-level heat pump integration tool is developed that sequentially identifies heat pump opportunities to both upgrade waste heat for reuse, and  shift remaining waste process heat towards more favorable temperature ranges, (2) A multi steady state time slice investigation develops a tool for selecting appropriate time slice sizes to accurately represent variable, non-continuous industrial sites, (3) a multi steady state thermal storage identification tool is developed by applying the previously identified time slices to existing heat integration methods with an aim to further buffer fluctuations in heat demand, and optimize the thermal loads on the previously identified heat pump opportunities.
The tools are combined into a final method and applied to a meat processing case study site that is representative of the variable, non-continuous industries that dominate the food sector in New Zealand. In this case study, hourly time slices were used to identify multiple successive heat pump opportunities including a 1.9 MW MVR that recompresses waste steam from the rendering dryers with a COP of 10, and a central 1.5 MW heat pump that supplies heat at 70°C to the site ring main with a COP of 3.4. In addition, it was found that the 90°C heat pump, already installed on the case study site, would have the potential to increase utilization on the case study site if the two other heat pump opportunities identified were implemented. Thermal storage opportunities were also identified that can be used to buffer heat demands on the 70°C heat pump opportunity, thereby allowing the heat pump to be resized to 1.04 MW in comparison to the initially hypothesized 1.5 MW, reducing both capital and operational costs of the heat pump.
This amalgamated method provides novel Total Site Heat Integration additions, which when compared to conventional heat integration methods, provide more accurate and more useful heat pump decarbonization strategies for non-continuous industrial sites, ultimately aiding in industrial decarbonization.

year: 2024

title: An indigenous psychologies teaching and research hub : Enabling our resources, strengths and histories

authors: Nikora, Linda Waimarie

abstract: This paper was presented as part of an informal indigenous psychologies dialogue session at the Australian Psychological Society's annual conference. In this paper, we present the concept of an indigenous psychologies teaching and research hub that reduces distance, helps students remain in community, uses resources efficiency, and has the capacity to bring indigenous psychologist and academics into closer communication.

text: An indigenous psychologies teaching and research hub : Enabling our resources, strengths and histories This paper was presented as part of an informal indigenous psychologies dialogue session at the Australian Psychological Society's annual conference. In this paper, we present the concept of an indigenous psychologies teaching and research hub that reduces distance, helps students remain in community, uses resources efficiency, and has the capacity to bring indigenous psychologist and academics into closer communication.

year: 2014