title: A workﬂow for document level interoperability

authors: Bainbridge, David

subjects: computer science

abstract: This article describes a software environment called the Exchange Center that helps digital librarians manage the workﬂow of sourcing documents and metadata from various repositories. The software is built on Greenstone but does not require its use as the ﬁnal digital library server. After describing the software architecture we provide two scenarios of its use: a private library of recipes, which ultimately involves collaboration with other cooks; and a digital library that aggregates the collections of various host institutions that use different repository software.

text: A workﬂow for document level interoperability This article describes a software environment called the Exchange Center that helps digital librarians manage the workﬂow of sourcing documents and metadata from various repositories. The software is built on Greenstone but does not require its use as the ﬁnal digital library server. After describing the software architecture we provide two scenarios of its use: a private library of recipes, which ultimately involves collaboration with other cooks; and a digital library that aggregates the collections of various host institutions that use different repository software.

year: 2011

title: Modelling the spatial effects of the anaesthetic-induced phase-transition in the cerebral cortex

authors: Whiting, David Robin

subjects: anaesthesia

abstract: In this thesis I investigate the theoretical stochastic behaviour of a one-dimensional model of the cerebral cortex, exposed to varying concentrations of a general anaesthetic agent. The model is that of Steyn-Ross et al. (2003). Theirs is a continuum theory based on the electrical response of a neural mass known as the macrocolum. The model predicts that as anaethetic concentration is increased the cortex will undergo a sudden electrical phase transition corresponding to loss of consciousness (LOC). Similarly, at return of consciousness (ROC) a second distinct phase transition is predicted. Spatial variability is incorporated into the original homogeneous cortical model of Steyn-Ross et al. (1999). This is done by including the possibility of spatial variation in distant excitatory and inhibitory inputs. By modelling the cortex in this way, we hope to gain an understanding of how the cortex functions, and how anaethestic agents “shut-down” the brain.

I simulate the one-dimensional system numerically in order to verify analytical predictions. Both analytical and numerical results show an increase in the coherence (spatial-correlation) of the electrical activity along the one-dimensional rod on approach to both LOC and ROC. Theory and simulations also show that the electrical ﬂuctuations in the unconscious cortex should have a larger correlation length than for the cortex in the conscious state, suggesting that the unconscious state is the more ordered. I derive the theoretical power spectrum and discuss some of its properties.

By expanding the model to include spatial variability, we discover the possibility of self-organized structures forming spontaneously in the one-dimensional cortex. These “Turing” or dissipative structures are stationary in time, showing giant DC voltage variations along the cortical rod. Although the dissipative structures can from a rich variety of pseudo-periodic patterns, the physiological signiﬁcance of such stationary neural structures is not yet clear.

text: Modelling the spatial effects of the anaesthetic-induced phase-transition in the cerebral cortex In this thesis I investigate the theoretical stochastic behaviour of a one-dimensional model of the cerebral cortex, exposed to varying concentrations of a general anaesthetic agent. The model is that of Steyn-Ross et al. (2003). Theirs is a continuum theory based on the electrical response of a neural mass known as the macrocolum. The model predicts that as anaethetic concentration is increased the cortex will undergo a sudden electrical phase transition corresponding to loss of consciousness (LOC). Similarly, at return of consciousness (ROC) a second distinct phase transition is predicted. Spatial variability is incorporated into the original homogeneous cortical model of Steyn-Ross et al. (1999). This is done by including the possibility of spatial variation in distant excitatory and inhibitory inputs. By modelling the cortex in this way, we hope to gain an understanding of how the cortex functions, and how anaethestic agents “shut-down” the brain.

I simulate the one-dimensional system numerically in order to verify analytical predictions. Both analytical and numerical results show an increase in the coherence (spatial-correlation) of the electrical activity along the one-dimensional rod on approach to both LOC and ROC. Theory and simulations also show that the electrical ﬂuctuations in the unconscious cortex should have a larger correlation length than for the cortex in the conscious state, suggesting that the unconscious state is the more ordered. I derive the theoretical power spectrum and discuss some of its properties.

By expanding the model to include spatial variability, we discover the possibility of self-organized structures forming spontaneously in the one-dimensional cortex. These “Turing” or dissipative structures are stationary in time, showing giant DC voltage variations along the cortical rod. Although the dissipative structures can from a rich variety of pseudo-periodic patterns, the physiological signiﬁcance of such stationary neural structures is not yet clear.

year: 2003

title: Te taiao: Te titiro a te Māori

authors: Kirby, Dean Robert

subjects: Cosmology

abstract: Ko te kaupapa o tēnei tuhinga ko te titiro a te Māori ki te taiao. He mea tuhi i runga i te aroha, i te whakapono ki ngēnei mea, ki te ātaahua o te taiao me ngā kōrero mōna. E whakatangatatia ana ngā āhuatanga o te taiao, ngā rākau, ngā manu, ngā ika, te kohu, ngā kapua, ngā maunga, otirā ngā mea katoa. Ara noa atu ngā kōrero, he whakapapa ō rātou, he huānga tētehi mea ki tētehi, he mauri tō tēnā mea tō tēnā mea. E ora ana ngā mea katoa o te ao, ka whai tamariki, he mātua he tūpuna anō, te katoa tae atu hoki ki te tangata, he wāhanga ia nō te taiao.
Hei aha tēnei tuhinga? Ko tāna mahi he whakaatu i ngēnei āhuatanga. Ā he whakamātau hoki ki te whakautu i te pātai he aha i whērā ai te titiro a ngā tūpuna ki tō rātou taiao. He kohikohingā tēnei nō ngā kōrero maha e takoto mai naka i roto i ngā pukapuka kua tāia kētia. Ehake i te mea ka kōrerotia ngā mea katoa, otiia ka tirohia noatia ngētehi āhuatanga o tēnei hanga te taiao. Kāhore i tuhia i runga i ngā kōrero ā waha a ngētehi kaikōrero, whēnā i ngētehi atu tuhinga roa. He mahi nui tērā mā tētehi atu hei whai, heoi anō tēnei he huihuinga nō ngētehi kōrero kua tuhia i mua atu.
Ka whakarārangitia ngā kōrero neki i muri ake nei. Ko tōna timatanga kei te Ōrokohanga, ko te timatanga tērā o te taiao. Ko te whenua ka whai mai me ngā kōrero mōna. Muri iho ko te wai me ngōna āhuatanga katoa. Ko te rangi, ngā mea katoa o te rangi ka whai mai i muri i tēnā. Muri iho anō ko ngā manu, ko ngā ngārara me ngā ngāngara, ngā rākau me ngā ika. Ka mutu atu i ngā tupua, i ngā taniwha me ngā patupaiarehe, i ngā kōrero mō ngērā. E iwa wāhanga nui te katoa o tēnei tuhinga. Kei te timatanga tētehi wāhanga hei whakamārama i te tuhinga ā kei te mutunga tētehi atu wāhanga hei whakatōpū, hei whakarāpopoto i ngā kōrero o roto i te puku o te tuhinga nei.
Kei ngā wāhanga o te pukapuka nei he kōrero mō tēnā mea, mō tēnā mea i raro i tōna ūpoko anō, me ngā whakaāhua e rite ana mōna. Ko te tūmanako ka kite te kaipānui i te pūrotutanga o te taiao o te Māori.

text: Te taiao: Te titiro a te Māori Ko te kaupapa o tēnei tuhinga ko te titiro a te Māori ki te taiao. He mea tuhi i runga i te aroha, i te whakapono ki ngēnei mea, ki te ātaahua o te taiao me ngā kōrero mōna. E whakatangatatia ana ngā āhuatanga o te taiao, ngā rākau, ngā manu, ngā ika, te kohu, ngā kapua, ngā maunga, otirā ngā mea katoa. Ara noa atu ngā kōrero, he whakapapa ō rātou, he huānga tētehi mea ki tētehi, he mauri tō tēnā mea tō tēnā mea. E ora ana ngā mea katoa o te ao, ka whai tamariki, he mātua he tūpuna anō, te katoa tae atu hoki ki te tangata, he wāhanga ia nō te taiao.
Hei aha tēnei tuhinga? Ko tāna mahi he whakaatu i ngēnei āhuatanga. Ā he whakamātau hoki ki te whakautu i te pātai he aha i whērā ai te titiro a ngā tūpuna ki tō rātou taiao. He kohikohingā tēnei nō ngā kōrero maha e takoto mai naka i roto i ngā pukapuka kua tāia kētia. Ehake i te mea ka kōrerotia ngā mea katoa, otiia ka tirohia noatia ngētehi āhuatanga o tēnei hanga te taiao. Kāhore i tuhia i runga i ngā kōrero ā waha a ngētehi kaikōrero, whēnā i ngētehi atu tuhinga roa. He mahi nui tērā mā tētehi atu hei whai, heoi anō tēnei he huihuinga nō ngētehi kōrero kua tuhia i mua atu.
Ka whakarārangitia ngā kōrero neki i muri ake nei. Ko tōna timatanga kei te Ōrokohanga, ko te timatanga tērā o te taiao. Ko te whenua ka whai mai me ngā kōrero mōna. Muri iho ko te wai me ngōna āhuatanga katoa. Ko te rangi, ngā mea katoa o te rangi ka whai mai i muri i tēnā. Muri iho anō ko ngā manu, ko ngā ngārara me ngā ngāngara, ngā rākau me ngā ika. Ka mutu atu i ngā tupua, i ngā taniwha me ngā patupaiarehe, i ngā kōrero mō ngērā. E iwa wāhanga nui te katoa o tēnei tuhinga. Kei te timatanga tētehi wāhanga hei whakamārama i te tuhinga ā kei te mutunga tētehi atu wāhanga hei whakatōpū, hei whakarāpopoto i ngā kōrero o roto i te puku o te tuhinga nei.
Kei ngā wāhanga o te pukapuka nei he kōrero mō tēnā mea, mō tēnā mea i raro i tōna ūpoko anō, me ngā whakaāhua e rite ana mōna. Ko te tūmanako ka kite te kaipānui i te pūrotutanga o te taiao o te Māori.

year: 1992