title: A cohort history of mortality in New Zealand

authors: Pool, Ian

abstract: This paper uses the generational life tables to track historical mortality experience for New Zealand Pakeha and Māori. The key research questions we seek to explore concern with why was Pakeha life expectation so high so early, and why did this survival advantage disappeared by the mid 20th century and what has happened since? For the Māori population what was the impact of contact on Māori mortality, what were the changes that have occurred and why, and what has happened to Māori mortality recently? A key finding from the cohort mortality analysis is that gains in survivorship have momentum effects that propel this advantage forward as survivors move up through the age-groups. That said, however, periods of gain may be followed later by cohort deterioration occurring among the same generations later in their life cycle, and even by further cycles of reprise and deterioration. These cycles of gain, deterioration, reprise etc are more evident for males, and particularly for Māori. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.

text: A cohort history of mortality in New Zealand This paper uses the generational life tables to track historical mortality experience for New Zealand Pakeha and Māori. The key research questions we seek to explore concern with why was Pakeha life expectation so high so early, and why did this survival advantage disappeared by the mid 20th century and what has happened since? For the Māori population what was the impact of contact on Māori mortality, what were the changes that have occurred and why, and what has happened to Māori mortality recently? A key finding from the cohort mortality analysis is that gains in survivorship have momentum effects that propel this advantage forward as survivors move up through the age-groups. That said, however, periods of gain may be followed later by cohort deterioration occurring among the same generations later in their life cycle, and even by further cycles of reprise and deterioration. These cycles of gain, deterioration, reprise etc are more evident for males, and particularly for Māori. Policy implications of these findings are discussed.

year: 2003

title: My tūpuna were houseless once too: Aspirations of ‘home’ for rangatahi Māori in transitional housing

authors: Manuirirangi, Kayla

abstract: This research explores the concept of ‘home' for rangatahi Māori experiencing housing insecurity and residing within a transitional housing service in Kirikiriroa, Hamilton. Conducted in partnership with Kirikiriroa Family Services Trust (KFST), a kaupapa Māori community housing provider, this study aimed to identify rangatahi perceptions of ‘home’ and aspirations of 'home’ to contribute towards strategies for better housing supports and brighter rangatahi futures. A cohort of seven rangatahi Māori participants were involved in this study (all who identified as female; aged 15-19 years old). At the time of this study, rangatahi participants were residing in Kirikiriroa, experiencing housing insecurity and were living within a transitional house provided by KFST, either with whānau or independently. Guided by Kaupapa Māori methodology, there were a mixture of qualitative methods used to capture rangatahi voices, including Whakawhanaungatanga, Sticky Notes Brainstorms, Rangatahi Wānanga and Thematic Analysis. Through this data analysis process, a visual mind map was generated to draw out the key findings from the three main research areas: rangatahi aspirations for home; the current realities of home; and how to build a bridge to a better future. Key findings from this research conclude that: (1) Rangatahi need strength-based support; (2) Rangatahi need a permanent and stable place to call ‘home’; (3) Rangatahi need supportive adults in their life who they can trust; (4) Rangatahi need encouragement to realise their aspirations; (5) Rangatahi opinions matter; (6) Rangatahi experience contradictions; and, the need to (7) Prioritise intervention over punishment. For policy and decision-makers, these findings suggest that rangatahi Māori voices should be included in urban design process and that more Māori solutions should be utilised within this urban context. For researchers, the study highlights the importance of advancing Māori housing aspirations and deepening understandings of ‘home’ for rangatahi Māori living independent of their whānau.

text: My tūpuna were houseless once too: Aspirations of ‘home’ for rangatahi Māori in transitional housing This research explores the concept of ‘home' for rangatahi Māori experiencing housing insecurity and residing within a transitional housing service in Kirikiriroa, Hamilton. Conducted in partnership with Kirikiriroa Family Services Trust (KFST), a kaupapa Māori community housing provider, this study aimed to identify rangatahi perceptions of ‘home’ and aspirations of 'home’ to contribute towards strategies for better housing supports and brighter rangatahi futures. A cohort of seven rangatahi Māori participants were involved in this study (all who identified as female; aged 15-19 years old). At the time of this study, rangatahi participants were residing in Kirikiriroa, experiencing housing insecurity and were living within a transitional house provided by KFST, either with whānau or independently. Guided by Kaupapa Māori methodology, there were a mixture of qualitative methods used to capture rangatahi voices, including Whakawhanaungatanga, Sticky Notes Brainstorms, Rangatahi Wānanga and Thematic Analysis. Through this data analysis process, a visual mind map was generated to draw out the key findings from the three main research areas: rangatahi aspirations for home; the current realities of home; and how to build a bridge to a better future. Key findings from this research conclude that: (1) Rangatahi need strength-based support; (2) Rangatahi need a permanent and stable place to call ‘home’; (3) Rangatahi need supportive adults in their life who they can trust; (4) Rangatahi need encouragement to realise their aspirations; (5) Rangatahi opinions matter; (6) Rangatahi experience contradictions; and, the need to (7) Prioritise intervention over punishment. For policy and decision-makers, these findings suggest that rangatahi Māori voices should be included in urban design process and that more Māori solutions should be utilised within this urban context. For researchers, the study highlights the importance of advancing Māori housing aspirations and deepening understandings of ‘home’ for rangatahi Māori living independent of their whānau.

year: 2025

title: Options for solar thermal and heat recovery loop hybrid system design

authors: Walmsley, Michael R.W.

abstract: Integration of solar thermal energy into low temperature pinch processes, like dairy and food and beverage processes is more economic when combined with a Heat Recovery Loop (HRL) to form a hybrid inter-plant heat recovery system. The hybrid system shares common infrastructure and improves solar heat utilisation through direct solar boosting of the HRL intermediate fluid’s temperature and enthalpy either through parallel or series application. The challenge of dealing with variable solar energy supply is less of a problem in the hybrid system because the HRL with its associated storage acts as an enthalpy buffer which absorbs temperature and flow rate fluctuations on both the heat supply (including solar) and heat demand side simultaneously. Three options for integrating solar thermal directly into HRLs are applied to a large multi-plant dairy case study to demonstrate the hot utility savings potential of the Solar-HRL hybrid system. HRL performance with Variable Temperature Storage (VTS) and solar is dynamically modelled with historical plant data. The series configuration is shown to be consistently better than parallel configuration for the same thermal storage volumes and similar heat exchanger areas.

text: Options for solar thermal and heat recovery loop hybrid system design Integration of solar thermal energy into low temperature pinch processes, like dairy and food and beverage processes is more economic when combined with a Heat Recovery Loop (HRL) to form a hybrid inter-plant heat recovery system. The hybrid system shares common infrastructure and improves solar heat utilisation through direct solar boosting of the HRL intermediate fluid’s temperature and enthalpy either through parallel or series application. The challenge of dealing with variable solar energy supply is less of a problem in the hybrid system because the HRL with its associated storage acts as an enthalpy buffer which absorbs temperature and flow rate fluctuations on both the heat supply (including solar) and heat demand side simultaneously. Three options for integrating solar thermal directly into HRLs are applied to a large multi-plant dairy case study to demonstrate the hot utility savings potential of the Solar-HRL hybrid system. HRL performance with Variable Temperature Storage (VTS) and solar is dynamically modelled with historical plant data. The series configuration is shown to be consistently better than parallel configuration for the same thermal storage volumes and similar heat exchanger areas.

year: 2014-08-31