title: A view of computer music from New Zealand: Auckland, Waikato and the Asia/Pacific connection

authors: Dart, William

subjects: music

abstract: Dealing predominantly with ‘art music’ aspects of electroacoustic music practice, this paper looks at cultural, aesthetic, environmental and technical influences on current and emerging practices from the upper half of the North Island of New Zealand. It also discusses the influences of Asian and Pacific cultures on the idiom locally. Rather than dwell on the similarities with current international styles, the focus is largely on some of the differences.

text: A view of computer music from New Zealand: Auckland, Waikato and the Asia/Pacific connection Dealing predominantly with ‘art music’ aspects of electroacoustic music practice, this paper looks at cultural, aesthetic, environmental and technical influences on current and emerging practices from the upper half of the North Island of New Zealand. It also discusses the influences of Asian and Pacific cultures on the idiom locally. Rather than dwell on the similarities with current international styles, the focus is largely on some of the differences.

year: 2001

title: Initial teacher education and the development of teacher identity

authors: Cobb, Donella J.

subjects: Associate teacher

abstract: Teacher identity is recognized as an important factor in teacher quality. Research indicates that teacher identity influences teachers’ resilience, efficacy, motivation, commitment, and job satisfaction (Day 2018). However, widespread interest in the field of teacher identity has also revealed the importance of developing teacher identity prior to entry into the teaching profession. Pre-service teachers who develop teacher identity during their teacher preparation program actively strengthen their pedagogical content knowledge, develop an early understanding of the teachers roles and responsibilities, build positive relationships with students and colleagues, and are motivated to enhance their teaching practice (Cobb et al. 2018; Harlow and Cobb 2014). Furthermore, teacher identity is also believed to be a key factor in supporting pre-service teachers’ transition into the teaching profession. Given these benefits, the past decade has seen an explosion of interest in understanding identity development, particularly in pre-service teachers. This entry explores how teacher identity is developed in pre-service teachers and considers the role that Initial Teacher Education (ITE) plays in supporting this identity development.

text: Initial teacher education and the development of teacher identity Teacher identity is recognized as an important factor in teacher quality. Research indicates that teacher identity influences teachers’ resilience, efficacy, motivation, commitment, and job satisfaction (Day 2018). However, widespread interest in the field of teacher identity has also revealed the importance of developing teacher identity prior to entry into the teaching profession. Pre-service teachers who develop teacher identity during their teacher preparation program actively strengthen their pedagogical content knowledge, develop an early understanding of the teachers roles and responsibilities, build positive relationships with students and colleagues, and are motivated to enhance their teaching practice (Cobb et al. 2018; Harlow and Cobb 2014). Furthermore, teacher identity is also believed to be a key factor in supporting pre-service teachers’ transition into the teaching profession. Given these benefits, the past decade has seen an explosion of interest in understanding identity development, particularly in pre-service teachers. This entry explores how teacher identity is developed in pre-service teachers and considers the role that Initial Teacher Education (ITE) plays in supporting this identity development.

year: 2020

title: Te Karauna Hou: the senior Ngati Rahiri rangatira

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: Te Karauna Hou, the principal Ngati Rahiri rangatira living at Te Aroha in 1880, had a distinguished whakapapa linking him to several hapu. Before settling permanently at Te Aroha in the 1870s he lived in several places, especially at Kaitawa, on the southern outskirts of Thames. One of the principal rangatira in Hauraki, he was loyal to the Crown during the Waikato War, and later assisted Pakeha settlement. To emphasize his mana and that of his hapu, he held big festivities at Kaitawa and at Omahu pa at Te Aroha. 
In 1871, when Ngati Haua won a (temporary) victory in the land court over the ownership of the Aroha Block, Karauna took control of it on behalf of the Marutuahu confederation, and subsequently kept Ngati Haua at bay. For a time he opposed road-making on this block, but later agreed to it, for financial reasons. Like all rangatira, he sought to maximize his ownership of as many blocks of land as possible, sometimes having his lies exposed through his contradicting his earlier evidence. He also denied receiving money for land when his denials were easily disproved. Despite leasing and selling land, selling timber and gum, and opening his land to miners, he often struggled financially.  
Karauna claimed to have found gold in Hauraki in 1852, and was willing to open his land at Thames to miners, but did not invest in any claims before the Te Aroha rush, when he attempted to extract a bonus of £1,000 from the government for opening the field. After his death in 1885, Pakeha remembered with gratitude his friendly attitude to them, but they also remembered his drunkenness, which meant he lost the respect of both Maori and Pakeha in his latter years.

text: Te Karauna Hou: the senior Ngati Rahiri rangatira Te Karauna Hou, the principal Ngati Rahiri rangatira living at Te Aroha in 1880, had a distinguished whakapapa linking him to several hapu. Before settling permanently at Te Aroha in the 1870s he lived in several places, especially at Kaitawa, on the southern outskirts of Thames. One of the principal rangatira in Hauraki, he was loyal to the Crown during the Waikato War, and later assisted Pakeha settlement. To emphasize his mana and that of his hapu, he held big festivities at Kaitawa and at Omahu pa at Te Aroha. 
In 1871, when Ngati Haua won a (temporary) victory in the land court over the ownership of the Aroha Block, Karauna took control of it on behalf of the Marutuahu confederation, and subsequently kept Ngati Haua at bay. For a time he opposed road-making on this block, but later agreed to it, for financial reasons. Like all rangatira, he sought to maximize his ownership of as many blocks of land as possible, sometimes having his lies exposed through his contradicting his earlier evidence. He also denied receiving money for land when his denials were easily disproved. Despite leasing and selling land, selling timber and gum, and opening his land to miners, he often struggled financially.  
Karauna claimed to have found gold in Hauraki in 1852, and was willing to open his land at Thames to miners, but did not invest in any claims before the Te Aroha rush, when he attempted to extract a bonus of £1,000 from the government for opening the field. After his death in 1885, Pakeha remembered with gratitude his friendly attitude to them, but they also remembered his drunkenness, which meant he lost the respect of both Maori and Pakeha in his latter years.

year: 2016