title: Defining internationally protected areas

authors: Gillespie, Alexander

subjects: Convention on Biological Diversity

abstract: According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a “protected area” is “a geographically defined area, which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives.”² This definition, which broadly reflects the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) definition of a protected area,³ should be viewed as the lowest common denominator for any definition of protected areas.

text: Defining internationally protected areas According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a “protected area” is “a geographically defined area, which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives.”² This definition, which broadly reflects the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) definition of a protected area,³ should be viewed as the lowest common denominator for any definition of protected areas.

year: 2009

title: Digital music libraries - Research and development

authors: Bainbridge, David

abstract: A report on the progress of several major research and development projects in digital music libraries is presented. Digital music libraries provide enhanced access and functionality that facilitates scholarly research and education. The issue of integrating digital music library collections with interactive instructional applications is addressed.

text: Digital music libraries - Research and development A report on the progress of several major research and development projects in digital music libraries is presented. Digital music libraries provide enhanced access and functionality that facilitates scholarly research and education. The issue of integrating digital music library collections with interactive instructional applications is addressed.

year: 2001

title: Explaining Maori under-achievement in standardised reading tests: The role of social and individual characteristics

authors: Lock, Kelly J.

subjects: education

abstract: In New Zealand, Maori students have lower educational attainment levels than their Pakeha counterparts, which is a major contributor to the earnings inequality between these two groups. This study attempts to identify determinants of the gap in educational attainment using data on reading test scores for a sample of 3031 15‐year‐old Maori and Pakeha students. Using a decomposition method that is commonly applied to income inequality analyses, the determinants of the reading literacy test score gap between Maori and Pakeha students are identified. The main contributors to this gap are family factors, student's opinions, and school factors (including decile). An understanding of the determinants of the test score gap provides insights into how effective policy makers can be at reducing this inequality.

text: Explaining Maori under-achievement in standardised reading tests: The role of social and individual characteristics In New Zealand, Maori students have lower educational attainment levels than their Pakeha counterparts, which is a major contributor to the earnings inequality between these two groups. This study attempts to identify determinants of the gap in educational attainment using data on reading test scores for a sample of 3031 15‐year‐old Maori and Pakeha students. Using a decomposition method that is commonly applied to income inequality analyses, the determinants of the reading literacy test score gap between Maori and Pakeha students are identified. The main contributors to this gap are family factors, student's opinions, and school factors (including decile). An understanding of the determinants of the test score gap provides insights into how effective policy makers can be at reducing this inequality.

year: 2008