title: Support: Can it be a value creation strategy for positive marketing?

authors: Supramaniam, Sivakumari

subjects: support-seeking behaviour

abstract: In pursuit of improving people's wellbeing and engaging in positive marketing, this paper addresses the application of Vickers' Appreciation System to deepen our understanding of how people comprehend their environment and respond to improve their situation. The paper highlights how companies can collaboratively engage in people's appreciation and support them in fulfilling their needs.

text: Support: Can it be a value creation strategy for positive marketing? In pursuit of improving people's wellbeing and engaging in positive marketing, this paper addresses the application of Vickers' Appreciation System to deepen our understanding of how people comprehend their environment and respond to improve their situation. The paper highlights how companies can collaboratively engage in people's appreciation and support them in fulfilling their needs.

year: 2012

title: When appearances are misleading: Psychosocial consequences of facial masking in Parkinson’s disease

authors: Wootton, Adrienne

subjects: Parkinson's disease

abstract: Facial masking, the loss of expressive facial mobility in Parkinson’s disease, has the potential to impact communication, emotion perception, subjective wellbeing, and social relationship functioning. This unique symptom has been studied in the context of the healthcare and casual interactions, but little is known about how it affects people who have Parkinson’s in their family interactions. Since no cure for Parkinson’s disease presently exists, lessening the impact of the condition is an important aspect of Parkinson’s management.  However, research has been missing the voices of those who experience facial masking. This gap underscores the need to deepen our understanding of this symptom and the difficulties it may create. Thus, this research project sought to understand experiences and challenges related to facial masking in Parkinson’s, to transform those insights to targeted clinical tools, and to investigate the significance of masking in the psychosocial wellbeing of both people with Parkinson’s and their partners or family members. 
	In Study 1, in-depth personal accounts were collected of nine people who had Parkinson’s and their spouses or partners were separately interviewed about their experiences of facial masking. The study aimed to explore the common experiences and challenges related to facial masking, on an individual level and within close relationships.  Facial masking was often falsely perceived by partners as a negative affect and wrongly interpreted to mean a lack of care or interest. The loss of expression and its misinterpretation was described as a barrier to emotional connection by some participants. Loss of the ability to physically embody one’s thoughts and feelings was unsettling and distressing for both people with Parkinson’s and their partners. The interviews revealed most participants had low awareness that this symptom was an aspect of Parkinson’s, with nearly all indicating a wish for greater education and support around this symptom. 
	Study 2 involved the development and validation of two separate questionnaires that evaluated the socioemotional consequences of facial masking, one for individuals who have Parkinson’s and the other for their partner, spouse, or other family member. Questionnaire items were derived from the findings of Study 1 and a review of relevant concepts in existing literature. Psychometric properties of the questionnaires were statistically evaluated among a community sample of 80 people who had Parkinson’s and 58 of their significant others. This included an item-level assessment, an exploratory investigation of the factor structure, an evaluation of the internal and test-retest reliability, and evaluation of the construct validity of the questionnaires. Results indicated the questionnaires had good reliability and initial evidence of validity. Modified (revised) versions of the questionnaires were produced based on the psychometric findings of Study 2. 	
	Study 3 described the functioning of the participants in the psychometric study above. This study investigated the relationship between perceptions of facial masking and various psychosocial outcomes, and a study-specific measure of the impact of facial masking in Parkinson’s (developed in Study 2). Ratings of facial masking were made by self-report and significant other reports, along with healthcare professional and researcher ratings based on a videotaped conversation. Healthcare professional ratings of FM were not found to be significantly related to self/significant other ratings of facial masking severity. Overall, having more negative consequences of FM was linked to poorer psychosocial outcomes, but suggested people with Parkinson’s and their significant others may be affected in different ways. 
	Findings of this programme of research add to what is known about the consequences of facial masking in casual and healthcare provider social interactions, by examining this symptom from the perspective of those living with facial masking in Parkinson’s. The results build upon and are generally consistent with the small amount of existing evidence showing that facial masking can have a detrimental impact on subjective wellbeing. The main implication of this research is that facial masking is a topic that warrants greater clinical attention and communication. The findings also call attention to the fact that facial masking is a common feature of Parkinson’s, yet in New Zealand, people with the condition and their families seem to lack knowledge about this symptom and desire greater education and support.

text: When appearances are misleading: Psychosocial consequences of facial masking in Parkinson’s disease Facial masking, the loss of expressive facial mobility in Parkinson’s disease, has the potential to impact communication, emotion perception, subjective wellbeing, and social relationship functioning. This unique symptom has been studied in the context of the healthcare and casual interactions, but little is known about how it affects people who have Parkinson’s in their family interactions. Since no cure for Parkinson’s disease presently exists, lessening the impact of the condition is an important aspect of Parkinson’s management.  However, research has been missing the voices of those who experience facial masking. This gap underscores the need to deepen our understanding of this symptom and the difficulties it may create. Thus, this research project sought to understand experiences and challenges related to facial masking in Parkinson’s, to transform those insights to targeted clinical tools, and to investigate the significance of masking in the psychosocial wellbeing of both people with Parkinson’s and their partners or family members. 
	In Study 1, in-depth personal accounts were collected of nine people who had Parkinson’s and their spouses or partners were separately interviewed about their experiences of facial masking. The study aimed to explore the common experiences and challenges related to facial masking, on an individual level and within close relationships.  Facial masking was often falsely perceived by partners as a negative affect and wrongly interpreted to mean a lack of care or interest. The loss of expression and its misinterpretation was described as a barrier to emotional connection by some participants. Loss of the ability to physically embody one’s thoughts and feelings was unsettling and distressing for both people with Parkinson’s and their partners. The interviews revealed most participants had low awareness that this symptom was an aspect of Parkinson’s, with nearly all indicating a wish for greater education and support around this symptom. 
	Study 2 involved the development and validation of two separate questionnaires that evaluated the socioemotional consequences of facial masking, one for individuals who have Parkinson’s and the other for their partner, spouse, or other family member. Questionnaire items were derived from the findings of Study 1 and a review of relevant concepts in existing literature. Psychometric properties of the questionnaires were statistically evaluated among a community sample of 80 people who had Parkinson’s and 58 of their significant others. This included an item-level assessment, an exploratory investigation of the factor structure, an evaluation of the internal and test-retest reliability, and evaluation of the construct validity of the questionnaires. Results indicated the questionnaires had good reliability and initial evidence of validity. Modified (revised) versions of the questionnaires were produced based on the psychometric findings of Study 2. 	
	Study 3 described the functioning of the participants in the psychometric study above. This study investigated the relationship between perceptions of facial masking and various psychosocial outcomes, and a study-specific measure of the impact of facial masking in Parkinson’s (developed in Study 2). Ratings of facial masking were made by self-report and significant other reports, along with healthcare professional and researcher ratings based on a videotaped conversation. Healthcare professional ratings of FM were not found to be significantly related to self/significant other ratings of facial masking severity. Overall, having more negative consequences of FM was linked to poorer psychosocial outcomes, but suggested people with Parkinson’s and their significant others may be affected in different ways. 
	Findings of this programme of research add to what is known about the consequences of facial masking in casual and healthcare provider social interactions, by examining this symptom from the perspective of those living with facial masking in Parkinson’s. The results build upon and are generally consistent with the small amount of existing evidence showing that facial masking can have a detrimental impact on subjective wellbeing. The main implication of this research is that facial masking is a topic that warrants greater clinical attention and communication. The findings also call attention to the fact that facial masking is a common feature of Parkinson’s, yet in New Zealand, people with the condition and their families seem to lack knowledge about this symptom and desire greater education and support.

year: 2021

title: Ngaa tongikura o te Kiingitanga - He tongi takapou nui, he kura takapou roa

authors: Paki, Nga wai hono i te po

subjects: Tongikura

abstract: Mai anoo, mai anoo i te waa o ngoo taatou tuupuna, ko te iere o te reo, ko te tangi o te kupu te waka kawe i ngaa whakaaro me ngaa kare aa-roto o oo taatou tuupuna. Inaa hoki raa te hoohonu o te whakaaro me te huhua o ngaa kura huna kua rarau ki ngaa kupu tuku iho o oo taatou tuupuna. I roto i a maatou, o Tainui waka, o Waikato iwi, o te Kiingitanga, ko ngaa tongikura te ritenga.

Kei teenei tuhinga te whakamaaramatanga, te whakamahukitanga o teenei taonga te tongikura. Ahakoa, inaa raa ngaa tini tongikura o te Kiingitanga kua tongikuratia ko taa teenei tuhinga whakapae he tuuhura i ngaa kura huna e whakapaetia nei, he oranga kei roto i ngaa tongikura hei painga moo te tangata. Noo te orokohanganga mai o te Kiingitanga tatuu iho raa ki teenei rangi tonu kei ngeenei tongikura ngaa kupu taurangi, ngaa tohutohu nui aa te raangai upoko ariki o te Kiingitanga ki ngaa iwi. I roto i te whakapaparanga o te Kiingitanga kua kitea taatou i te nui o te whakamahinga o ngaa tongikura hei aarahi, hei takitaki i a taatou a Tainui waka, i a Tainui tangata.

Kua haoria ake raa ko ngeetehi kohinga tongikura hei whewheratanga maaku i roto i teenei tuhinga e kite ai taatou i te mauri ora o ngaa tongikura ki roto i te iwi o Waikato, ki roto anoo hoki i ngaa iwi o te Kiingitanga. E haangai mai ana ngeenei tongikura ki te ora o te iwi, e purutia ana hoki hei kura waananga maa ngaa reanga whakatupuranga o te inamata, ki te anamata. Tiikina ake raa ko te kupu wairua, kia tuu te tongikura, ko te aakinga te mea nui, tau ki runga ki teenei tuhikura. Haere, tomokia mai te whare tongikura, he tongi takapou kura, he kura takapou roa.

text: Ngaa tongikura o te Kiingitanga - He tongi takapou nui, he kura takapou roa Mai anoo, mai anoo i te waa o ngoo taatou tuupuna, ko te iere o te reo, ko te tangi o te kupu te waka kawe i ngaa whakaaro me ngaa kare aa-roto o oo taatou tuupuna. Inaa hoki raa te hoohonu o te whakaaro me te huhua o ngaa kura huna kua rarau ki ngaa kupu tuku iho o oo taatou tuupuna. I roto i a maatou, o Tainui waka, o Waikato iwi, o te Kiingitanga, ko ngaa tongikura te ritenga.

Kei teenei tuhinga te whakamaaramatanga, te whakamahukitanga o teenei taonga te tongikura. Ahakoa, inaa raa ngaa tini tongikura o te Kiingitanga kua tongikuratia ko taa teenei tuhinga whakapae he tuuhura i ngaa kura huna e whakapaetia nei, he oranga kei roto i ngaa tongikura hei painga moo te tangata. Noo te orokohanganga mai o te Kiingitanga tatuu iho raa ki teenei rangi tonu kei ngeenei tongikura ngaa kupu taurangi, ngaa tohutohu nui aa te raangai upoko ariki o te Kiingitanga ki ngaa iwi. I roto i te whakapaparanga o te Kiingitanga kua kitea taatou i te nui o te whakamahinga o ngaa tongikura hei aarahi, hei takitaki i a taatou a Tainui waka, i a Tainui tangata.

Kua haoria ake raa ko ngeetehi kohinga tongikura hei whewheratanga maaku i roto i teenei tuhinga e kite ai taatou i te mauri ora o ngaa tongikura ki roto i te iwi o Waikato, ki roto anoo hoki i ngaa iwi o te Kiingitanga. E haangai mai ana ngeenei tongikura ki te ora o te iwi, e purutia ana hoki hei kura waananga maa ngaa reanga whakatupuranga o te inamata, ki te anamata. Tiikina ake raa ko te kupu wairua, kia tuu te tongikura, ko te aakinga te mea nui, tau ki runga ki teenei tuhikura. Haere, tomokia mai te whare tongikura, he tongi takapou kura, he kura takapou roa.

year: 2022