title: Non-market valuation of forest goods and services: Good practice guidelines

authors: Riera, Pere

subjects: benefit transfer

abstract: The European COST Action E45 on European Forest Externalities (EUROFOREX) participants developed a set of good practice guidelines for the non-market valuation of forests, elaborating on stated and revealed preference methodologies, as well as benefit transfer and meta-analytical procedures. This article presents a summary of the guidelines.

text: Non-market valuation of forest goods and services: Good practice guidelines The European COST Action E45 on European Forest Externalities (EUROFOREX) participants developed a set of good practice guidelines for the non-market valuation of forests, elaborating on stated and revealed preference methodologies, as well as benefit transfer and meta-analytical procedures. This article presents a summary of the guidelines.

year: 2012

title: Hydrogen bonding in crystalline alcohol solvates of the platinum(II) sulfido complex [Pt2( -S)2(PPh3)4]

authors: Henderson, William

subjects: Platinum complexes

abstract: Suspension of [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] in lower alcohols results in recrystallisation, forming yellow to yellow-orange microcrystals of the solvates [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]•nROH (R = Me, Et, nBu). The di-ethanol solvate was characterised by means of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structure consists of an ethanol molecule hydrogen-bonded in an asymmetric bifurcated fashion to the {Pt₂S₂} group, with the second, disordered ethanol molecule involved in a cooperative hydrogen-bonding interaction with the oxygen of the first ethanol. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the alcohol is relatively easily lost, regenerating orange, unsolvated [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]. [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] readily dissolves in hexafluoro-2-propanol, yielding yellow crystals of [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]•6(CF₃)₂CHOH on evaporation. Characterisation by X-ray diffraction shows that the structure contains a [Pt₂ ( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] hydrogen-bonded to a single(CF₃)₂CHOH molecule, with the additional (CF₃)₂CHOH molecules forming a discrete hydrogen-bonded pentameric cluster in the crystal.

text: Hydrogen bonding in crystalline alcohol solvates of the platinum(II) sulfido complex [Pt2( -S)2(PPh3)4] Suspension of [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] in lower alcohols results in recrystallisation, forming yellow to yellow-orange microcrystals of the solvates [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]•nROH (R = Me, Et, nBu). The di-ethanol solvate was characterised by means of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The structure consists of an ethanol molecule hydrogen-bonded in an asymmetric bifurcated fashion to the {Pt₂S₂} group, with the second, disordered ethanol molecule involved in a cooperative hydrogen-bonding interaction with the oxygen of the first ethanol. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the alcohol is relatively easily lost, regenerating orange, unsolvated [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]. [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] readily dissolves in hexafluoro-2-propanol, yielding yellow crystals of [Pt₂( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄]•6(CF₃)₂CHOH on evaporation. Characterisation by X-ray diffraction shows that the structure contains a [Pt₂ ( -S)₂(PPh₃)₄] hydrogen-bonded to a single(CF₃)₂CHOH molecule, with the additional (CF₃)₂CHOH molecules forming a discrete hydrogen-bonded pentameric cluster in the crystal.

year: 2008

title: The concept of partnership and The Treaty of Waitangi: Three case studies

authors: Morrison, Sandy

subjects: Te Tiriti o Waitangi

abstract: There has been, and continues to be, considerable debate about the meaning and intent of different versions of the Treaty of Waitangi and about the extent of its relevance to contemporary New Zealand. It is in this context that a number of organisations and institutions in New Zealand, anxious to demonstrate their positive support for the creation of a just society, have attempted to restructure in ways that allow for a 'partnership' between Māori and Pākehā. With reference to three different case studies, I argue here that such restructuring, although generally very well intentioned and very welcome, should not be seen - as it frequently is - as an expression of the fulfilment of partnership obligations arising out of the Treaty of Waitangi. To treat organisational restructuring in this way, particularly where it does not provide both 'partners' with an equal right to determine the operational parameters and future direction of the organisation, is to misrepresent (often wholly unintentionally) the nature of the Treaty. Nevertheless, one way of resolving some of the debates concerning the meaning and intent of the Treaty of Waitangi might be to establish a principle of equal partnership in the governance and management of state institutions.

text: The concept of partnership and The Treaty of Waitangi: Three case studies There has been, and continues to be, considerable debate about the meaning and intent of different versions of the Treaty of Waitangi and about the extent of its relevance to contemporary New Zealand. It is in this context that a number of organisations and institutions in New Zealand, anxious to demonstrate their positive support for the creation of a just society, have attempted to restructure in ways that allow for a 'partnership' between Māori and Pākehā. With reference to three different case studies, I argue here that such restructuring, although generally very well intentioned and very welcome, should not be seen - as it frequently is - as an expression of the fulfilment of partnership obligations arising out of the Treaty of Waitangi. To treat organisational restructuring in this way, particularly where it does not provide both 'partners' with an equal right to determine the operational parameters and future direction of the organisation, is to misrepresent (often wholly unintentionally) the nature of the Treaty. Nevertheless, one way of resolving some of the debates concerning the meaning and intent of the Treaty of Waitangi might be to establish a principle of equal partnership in the governance and management of state institutions.

year: 2005