title: Strontium isotope dating of the New Zealand Oligocene

authors: Nelson, Campbell S.

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: One of the least well resolved portions of the New Zealand Cenozoic time-scale is that centred on and about the Oligocene Epoch, internationally regarded as spanning c. 10 m.y. from 33.7 to 23.8 Ma. We have determined the 87Sr/86Sr ratios and derived absolute ages for 77 macrofossil samples collected from several biostratigraphically dated mid-Tertiary sections in the South Auckland (North Island) and North Otago/South Canterbury (South Island) regions. While the site-specific stratigraphic significance of our ages remains to be assessed, we present them here to foster wider consideration and discussion in relation to evolving absolute age schemes for the New Zealand Oligocene biostratigraphic stages. Initial results suggest: (1) The approximate boundary ages for the mid-Tertiary Stages are: Runangan/Whaingaroan, 34.8 Ma; early Whaingaroan/late Whaingaroan, 31.0 Ma; Whaingaroan/Duntroonian, 28.5 Ma; Duntroonian/Waitakian, 25.5 Ma; Waitakian/Otaian, 22.2 Ma. These values are mainly older than ages assigned over the past decade.(2) The early Whaingaroan Stage, traditionally held to be entirely within the Oligocene, and to define its base, extends back across the Eocene/Oligocene boundary at 33.7 Ma into the late Eocene by up to 1.1 m.y., as previously suspected by Morgans et al. (1996) on biostratigraphic grounds.(3) There has been considerable uncertainty about placement of the Waitakian Stage over the past two decades, whether entirely in the Miocene, entirely in the Oligocene, or straddling both epochs. Our Sr dating shows that the Oligocene/Miocene boundary (23.8 Ma) lies about midway through the Waitakian Stage, in agreement with Graham et al. (2000).(4) The Whaingaroan/Duntroonian boundary approximates the international early-late Oligocene one (28.5 Ma).Comparisons with recently published Oligocene stable oxygen isotope records suggest that ?18O maxima and attendant sea-level lowering, with possibly significant unconformity development, may be anticipated on three occasions in the early Whaingaroan, two or three in the late Whaingaroan, two in the Duntroonian, and at least two in the Waitakian. The unconformities bounding formations and members in the Oligocene successions may relate to these sea-level changes, and so be regionally correlatable, including the well publicised Marshall Paraconformity of latest Whaingaroan (c. 29 Ma) age.

text: Strontium isotope dating of the New Zealand Oligocene One of the least well resolved portions of the New Zealand Cenozoic time-scale is that centred on and about the Oligocene Epoch, internationally regarded as spanning c. 10 m.y. from 33.7 to 23.8 Ma. We have determined the 87Sr/86Sr ratios and derived absolute ages for 77 macrofossil samples collected from several biostratigraphically dated mid-Tertiary sections in the South Auckland (North Island) and North Otago/South Canterbury (South Island) regions. While the site-specific stratigraphic significance of our ages remains to be assessed, we present them here to foster wider consideration and discussion in relation to evolving absolute age schemes for the New Zealand Oligocene biostratigraphic stages. Initial results suggest: (1) The approximate boundary ages for the mid-Tertiary Stages are: Runangan/Whaingaroan, 34.8 Ma; early Whaingaroan/late Whaingaroan, 31.0 Ma; Whaingaroan/Duntroonian, 28.5 Ma; Duntroonian/Waitakian, 25.5 Ma; Waitakian/Otaian, 22.2 Ma. These values are mainly older than ages assigned over the past decade.(2) The early Whaingaroan Stage, traditionally held to be entirely within the Oligocene, and to define its base, extends back across the Eocene/Oligocene boundary at 33.7 Ma into the late Eocene by up to 1.1 m.y., as previously suspected by Morgans et al. (1996) on biostratigraphic grounds.(3) There has been considerable uncertainty about placement of the Waitakian Stage over the past two decades, whether entirely in the Miocene, entirely in the Oligocene, or straddling both epochs. Our Sr dating shows that the Oligocene/Miocene boundary (23.8 Ma) lies about midway through the Waitakian Stage, in agreement with Graham et al. (2000).(4) The Whaingaroan/Duntroonian boundary approximates the international early-late Oligocene one (28.5 Ma).Comparisons with recently published Oligocene stable oxygen isotope records suggest that ?18O maxima and attendant sea-level lowering, with possibly significant unconformity development, may be anticipated on three occasions in the early Whaingaroan, two or three in the late Whaingaroan, two in the Duntroonian, and at least two in the Waitakian. The unconformities bounding formations and members in the Oligocene successions may relate to these sea-level changes, and so be regionally correlatable, including the well publicised Marshall Paraconformity of latest Whaingaroan (c. 29 Ma) age.

year: 2004-12-01

title: Being healthy in unhealthy places: Health tactics in a homeless lifeworld

authors: Stolte, Ottilie Emma Elisabeth

subjects: care

abstract: Street life can compromise a person’s health. In response, homeless people exert considerable agency in attempts to preserve their health. Drawing on ethnographic research in central Auckland, this article explores the ways in which a homeless man maintains his health. We consider the tactics Clinton develops to maintain his health and to gain respite while living on the streets, an unhealthy place. Of particular note are the ways in which he works to transform a ‘landscape of despair’ into a ‘landscape of care’. The case of Clinton foregrounds the fundamentally emplaced and relational nature of homeless peoples’ health.

text: Being healthy in unhealthy places: Health tactics in a homeless lifeworld Street life can compromise a person’s health. In response, homeless people exert considerable agency in attempts to preserve their health. Drawing on ethnographic research in central Auckland, this article explores the ways in which a homeless man maintains his health. We consider the tactics Clinton develops to maintain his health and to gain respite while living on the streets, an unhealthy place. Of particular note are the ways in which he works to transform a ‘landscape of despair’ into a ‘landscape of care’. The case of Clinton foregrounds the fundamentally emplaced and relational nature of homeless peoples’ health.

year: 2013

title: He Matapihi Mā Mua, Mō Muri: The Ethics, Processes, and Procedures Associated with the Digitization of Indigenous Knowledge—The Pei Jones Collection

authors: Whaanga, Hēmi

abstract: The digital era has transformed how people live their lives and interact with the world and knowledge systems around them. In Aotearoa/New Zealand a range of initiatives incorporating Indigenous knowledge have been implemented to collect, catalog, maintain, and organize digital objects. In this article, we report on the ethics, processes, and procedures associated with the digitization of the manuscripts, works, and collected taonga (treasures) of the late Dr. Pei Te Hurinui Jones—and describe how it was transformed into a digital library. It discusses the decision-making processes and the various roles and responsibilities of the researchers, family members, and institute in this process.

text: He Matapihi Mā Mua, Mō Muri: The Ethics, Processes, and Procedures Associated with the Digitization of Indigenous Knowledge—The Pei Jones Collection The digital era has transformed how people live their lives and interact with the world and knowledge systems around them. In Aotearoa/New Zealand a range of initiatives incorporating Indigenous knowledge have been implemented to collect, catalog, maintain, and organize digital objects. In this article, we report on the ethics, processes, and procedures associated with the digitization of the manuscripts, works, and collected taonga (treasures) of the late Dr. Pei Te Hurinui Jones—and describe how it was transformed into a digital library. It discusses the decision-making processes and the various roles and responsibilities of the researchers, family members, and institute in this process.

year: 2015