title: An analysis of the effect of topography on rainfall in the Taieri catchment area, Otago

authors: Hutchinson, Peter

subjects: Taieri

abstract: In an area of 2500 square miles, consisting of the Taieri Catchment basin and adjoining areas, there are only 37 rain gauges for which there are records for more than four years. Since the topography is varied, it is difficult to estimate rainfall in ungauged parts of the catchment. This study examines the effects of four topographic factors, altitude, position, exposure and aspect on the variation in measured rainfall, explains these effects in climatological and meteorological terms, and provides the basis of a method for estimating the rainfall on ungauged areas.

text: An analysis of the effect of topography on rainfall in the Taieri catchment area, Otago In an area of 2500 square miles, consisting of the Taieri Catchment basin and adjoining areas, there are only 37 rain gauges for which there are records for more than four years. Since the topography is varied, it is difficult to estimate rainfall in ungauged parts of the catchment. This study examines the effects of four topographic factors, altitude, position, exposure and aspect on the variation in measured rainfall, explains these effects in climatological and meteorological terms, and provides the basis of a method for estimating the rainfall on ungauged areas.

year: 1968

title: Estimating cannibalization rates for pioneering innovations

authors: van Heerde, Harald J.

subjects: new product

abstract: To evaluate the success of a new product, managers need to determine how much of its new demand is due to cannibalizing the firm’s other products, rather than drawing from competition or generating primary demand. We introduce a time-varying vector error-correction model to decompose the base sales of a new product into its constituent sources. The model allows managers to estimate cannibalization effects and calculate the new product’s net demand, which may be considerably less than its total demand. We apply our methodology to the introduction of the Lexus RX300 using detailed car transaction data. This case is especially interesting because the Lexus RX300 was the first crossover sport utility vehicle (SUV), implying that its demand could come from both the luxury SUV and the luxury sedan categories. Because Lexus was active in both categories, there was a double cannibalization potential. We show how the contribution of the different demand sources varies over time and discuss the managerial implications for both the focal brand and its competitors.

text: Estimating cannibalization rates for pioneering innovations To evaluate the success of a new product, managers need to determine how much of its new demand is due to cannibalizing the firm’s other products, rather than drawing from competition or generating primary demand. We introduce a time-varying vector error-correction model to decompose the base sales of a new product into its constituent sources. The model allows managers to estimate cannibalization effects and calculate the new product’s net demand, which may be considerably less than its total demand. We apply our methodology to the introduction of the Lexus RX300 using detailed car transaction data. This case is especially interesting because the Lexus RX300 was the first crossover sport utility vehicle (SUV), implying that its demand could come from both the luxury SUV and the luxury sedan categories. Because Lexus was active in both categories, there was a double cannibalization potential. We show how the contribution of the different demand sources varies over time and discuss the managerial implications for both the focal brand and its competitors.

year: 2010

title: Translated identities: 'Pakeha' as subjects of the Treaty of Waitangi

authors: Goldsmith, Michael

subjects: Treaty of Waitangi

abstract: The politics of translation is clearly a perennial focus of debate in New Zealand, as shown by thematic links between the New Zealand social anthropology conferences at Waikato in 1990 and Auckland in 2004. Of the many issues of translation swirling around ongoing attempts to interpret the Treaty of Waitangi, a surprisingly neglected one concerns the identities of the people on behalf of whom the Crown signed the Treaty. The term 'Pakeha' appears only once in the Treaty, the question of whom it refers to is by no means straightforward, and it would be unwise to presume that it had the same range of meanings in 1840 as it does in present-day biculturalism. This point is demonstrated by a re-reading of historical material concerning the parties present at or implicated in the signing of the Treaty, including the so-called Pakeha Maori.

text: Translated identities: 'Pakeha' as subjects of the Treaty of Waitangi The politics of translation is clearly a perennial focus of debate in New Zealand, as shown by thematic links between the New Zealand social anthropology conferences at Waikato in 1990 and Auckland in 2004. Of the many issues of translation swirling around ongoing attempts to interpret the Treaty of Waitangi, a surprisingly neglected one concerns the identities of the people on behalf of whom the Crown signed the Treaty. The term 'Pakeha' appears only once in the Treaty, the question of whom it refers to is by no means straightforward, and it would be unwise to presume that it had the same range of meanings in 1840 as it does in present-day biculturalism. This point is demonstrated by a re-reading of historical material concerning the parties present at or implicated in the signing of the Treaty, including the so-called Pakeha Maori.

year: 2005