title: Homeownership, social capital and satisfaction with local government

authors: Roskruge, Matthew James

abstract: Prior studies suggest that homeownership positively impacts on social capital formation. However, many studies find it difficult to control adequately for selection effects in the form of factors, some of which may be unobserved, that encourage both homeownership and investment in social capital by households. A biennial survey conducted in New Zealand cities provides data that enable the control of such selection effects with propensity score matching methods, while also benchmarking the results by means of regression methods. The results confirm that homeownership exerts positive impacts on the formation of social capital. At the same time, homeownership demands greater accountability of local government and leads to reduced satisfaction with local government performance, thereby negatively impacting on community social capital. Hence these two dimensions of housing-related social capital work in opposite directions from each other, a finding which has not been previously observed.

text: Homeownership, social capital and satisfaction with local government Prior studies suggest that homeownership positively impacts on social capital formation. However, many studies find it difficult to control adequately for selection effects in the form of factors, some of which may be unobserved, that encourage both homeownership and investment in social capital by households. A biennial survey conducted in New Zealand cities provides data that enable the control of such selection effects with propensity score matching methods, while also benchmarking the results by means of regression methods. The results confirm that homeownership exerts positive impacts on the formation of social capital. At the same time, homeownership demands greater accountability of local government and leads to reduced satisfaction with local government performance, thereby negatively impacting on community social capital. Hence these two dimensions of housing-related social capital work in opposite directions from each other, a finding which has not been previously observed.

year: 2013

title: Thermorudis pharmacophila sp nov., a novel member of the class Thermomicrobia isolated from geothermal soil, and emended descriptions of Thermomicrobium roseum, Thermomicrobium carboxidum, Thermorudis peleae and Sphaerobacter thermophilus

authors: Houghton, Karen M.

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: An aerobic, thermophilic and cellulolytic bacterium, designated strain WKT50.2T, was isolated from geothermal soil at Waikite, New Zealand. Strain WKT50.2T grew at 53–76 °C and at pH 5.9–8.2. The DNA G+C content was 58.4 mol%. The major fatty acids were 12-methyl C18 : 0 and C18 : 0. Polar lipids were all linked to long-chain 1,2-diols, and comprised 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol (diolPI), 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoacylmannoside (diolP-acylMan), 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol acylmannoside (diolPI-acylMan) and 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol mannoside (diolPI-Man). Strain WKT50.2T utilized a range of cellulosic substrates, alcohols and organic acids for growth, but was unable to utilize monosaccharides. Robust growth of WKT50.2T was observed on protein derivatives. WKT50.2T was sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin and vancomycin. Metronidazole, lasalocid A and trimethoprim stimulated growth. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that WKT50.2T belonged to the class Thermomicrobia within the phylum Chloroflexi, and was most closely related to Thermorudis peleae KI4T (99.6% similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization between WKT50.2T and Thermorudis peleae DSM 27169T was 18.0%. Physiological and biochemical tests confirmed the phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of strain WKT50.2T from Thermorudis peleae KI4T and other members of the Thermomicrobia. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic characteristics, we propose that strain WKT50.2T represents a novel species, for which the name Thermorudis pharmacophila sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain WKT50.2T ( = DSM 26011T = ICMP 20042T). Emended descriptions of Thermomicrobium roseum, Thermomicrobium carboxidum, Thermorudis peleae and Sphaerobacter thermophilus are also proposed, and include the description of a novel respiratory quinone, MK-8 2,3-epoxide (23%), in Thermomicrobium roseum.

text: Thermorudis pharmacophila sp nov., a novel member of the class Thermomicrobia isolated from geothermal soil, and emended descriptions of Thermomicrobium roseum, Thermomicrobium carboxidum, Thermorudis peleae and Sphaerobacter thermophilus An aerobic, thermophilic and cellulolytic bacterium, designated strain WKT50.2T, was isolated from geothermal soil at Waikite, New Zealand. Strain WKT50.2T grew at 53–76 °C and at pH 5.9–8.2. The DNA G+C content was 58.4 mol%. The major fatty acids were 12-methyl C18 : 0 and C18 : 0. Polar lipids were all linked to long-chain 1,2-diols, and comprised 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol (diolPI), 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoacylmannoside (diolP-acylMan), 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol acylmannoside (diolPI-acylMan) and 2-acylalkyldiol-1-O-phosphoinositol mannoside (diolPI-Man). Strain WKT50.2T utilized a range of cellulosic substrates, alcohols and organic acids for growth, but was unable to utilize monosaccharides. Robust growth of WKT50.2T was observed on protein derivatives. WKT50.2T was sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, polymyxin B, streptomycin and vancomycin. Metronidazole, lasalocid A and trimethoprim stimulated growth. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that WKT50.2T belonged to the class Thermomicrobia within the phylum Chloroflexi, and was most closely related to Thermorudis peleae KI4T (99.6% similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization between WKT50.2T and Thermorudis peleae DSM 27169T was 18.0%. Physiological and biochemical tests confirmed the phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of strain WKT50.2T from Thermorudis peleae KI4T and other members of the Thermomicrobia. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic characteristics, we propose that strain WKT50.2T represents a novel species, for which the name Thermorudis pharmacophila sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain WKT50.2T ( = DSM 26011T = ICMP 20042T). Emended descriptions of Thermomicrobium roseum, Thermomicrobium carboxidum, Thermorudis peleae and Sphaerobacter thermophilus are also proposed, and include the description of a novel respiratory quinone, MK-8 2,3-epoxide (23%), in Thermomicrobium roseum.

year: 2015

title: Hoea te waka reo e 'Āti Rangi ē! He Kohinga Kōrero

authors: Fairhall, Tīahomarama Te Haana

subjects: Māori

abstract: He taonga tuku iho Te Reo Māori nō tāukiuki, nō tuawhakarere, nō onamata rānō, he kākano i ruia mai i Rangiātea. He taonga Te Reo Māori i raro i ngā tikanga o Te Tiriti o Waitangi, ā, nō te tau 1987 ka whakamanahia hai reo tūturu o Aotearoa. Ahakoa he reo tuku iho ki tērā whakatupuranga, ki tērā whakatupuranga, kai te tāmate te reo. He huhua noa ngā rautaki e whakarauora ai i te reo i roto i ngā kura, i ngā whānau, i ngā hapū, i ngā iwi anō hoki. 

Ko te tino o te tuhinga roa nei he āta titiro ki ngā momo rautaki a ngā uri e whakarauora nei i tō tātou reo ki roto o Ngāti Rangiwewehi kia kore ai ā mātou tamariki, ā mātou mokopuna e haere reo kore. Nō roto mai i te tuhinga nei ka āta whakatewhatewha te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi o mua, kia mārama ai ki ōna āhua, ki ōna whenua, ki āna kōrero, ki ōna tāngata, ki ōna pūkōrero, ki tōna ahurei. Ka mutu, ka āta titiro, ka āta tātari, ka āta wetewete i ngā raraunga kōrero i kapo mai i ngā uiuinga, i kapo mai i ngā pātaitai, i kapo mai i ngā pukapuka kōrero ngā momo rautaki e whakarauora ai te reo o ngā uri o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Hai āpitihanga, ka āta whakatakoto hoki i ngā piki me ngā heke o te reo ā tatauranga nei, ka kitea te ahunga mai i te wā i a koroua mā, i a kuia mā, ā, moroki noa nei.

Kai roto i ngā upoko o te tuhingaroa nei te tino ia o ngā kōrero, ā, e ono ngā upoko e whakatinana ai tēnei rangahau. Kai te upoko tuatahi e tino kōrerohia ana te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Kātahi rā ka uru atu ki ngā whakamahukitanga o ngā mātāpono rangahau kai te upoko tuarua. Ka whakaara mai te upoko tuarua i ngā kaponga ariā me ngā rautaki reo hai tuarā mō te tuhingaroa nei. Kai te upoko tuawhā me te tuarima ngā pitopito kōrero, ngā putanga o te pākiki me ngā uiuinga. Ka mutu mai ki te upoko tuaono, ki te kupu whakamutunga o te tuhingaroa.

The Māori language is a taonga protected under the terms of Te Tiriti o Waitangi. An official language of New Zealand, since 1987. However, although a language passed down from generation to generation, the future of the language is not secure. Efforts are endless in providing many strategies of revitalization and ensuring that Te Reo Māori survives within kura, whare wānanga, whānau, hapū and iwi. The purpose of this research is to gather information pertaining to the tribe of Ngāti Rangiwewehi. This study will explore Ngāti Rangiwewehi in a traditional context, their traditional qualities and will also examine the contributions of the descendants in preserving Te Reo Māori. Furthermore, this study will also examine the ups and downs of the language and how Ngāti Rangiwewehi rates statisticaly in the national census under Te Reo Māori. This information will be gathered to examine strategy examples of Te reo that could benefit both present and future generations. As part of my research I will be interviewing key informants and conducting a survey. There are six chapters to this thesis. Chapter one is based on Ngāti Rangiwewehi as a iwi, past and present. Chapter two is based on the research methodology. Chapter three is the literature review, while Chapter four is the questionnaire. Chapter five are the interviews and lastly Chapter 6, the conclusion.

text: Hoea te waka reo e 'Āti Rangi ē! He Kohinga Kōrero He taonga tuku iho Te Reo Māori nō tāukiuki, nō tuawhakarere, nō onamata rānō, he kākano i ruia mai i Rangiātea. He taonga Te Reo Māori i raro i ngā tikanga o Te Tiriti o Waitangi, ā, nō te tau 1987 ka whakamanahia hai reo tūturu o Aotearoa. Ahakoa he reo tuku iho ki tērā whakatupuranga, ki tērā whakatupuranga, kai te tāmate te reo. He huhua noa ngā rautaki e whakarauora ai i te reo i roto i ngā kura, i ngā whānau, i ngā hapū, i ngā iwi anō hoki. 

Ko te tino o te tuhinga roa nei he āta titiro ki ngā momo rautaki a ngā uri e whakarauora nei i tō tātou reo ki roto o Ngāti Rangiwewehi kia kore ai ā mātou tamariki, ā mātou mokopuna e haere reo kore. Nō roto mai i te tuhinga nei ka āta whakatewhatewha te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi o mua, kia mārama ai ki ōna āhua, ki ōna whenua, ki āna kōrero, ki ōna tāngata, ki ōna pūkōrero, ki tōna ahurei. Ka mutu, ka āta titiro, ka āta tātari, ka āta wetewete i ngā raraunga kōrero i kapo mai i ngā uiuinga, i kapo mai i ngā pātaitai, i kapo mai i ngā pukapuka kōrero ngā momo rautaki e whakarauora ai te reo o ngā uri o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Hai āpitihanga, ka āta whakatakoto hoki i ngā piki me ngā heke o te reo ā tatauranga nei, ka kitea te ahunga mai i te wā i a koroua mā, i a kuia mā, ā, moroki noa nei.

Kai roto i ngā upoko o te tuhingaroa nei te tino ia o ngā kōrero, ā, e ono ngā upoko e whakatinana ai tēnei rangahau. Kai te upoko tuatahi e tino kōrerohia ana te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Kātahi rā ka uru atu ki ngā whakamahukitanga o ngā mātāpono rangahau kai te upoko tuarua. Ka whakaara mai te upoko tuarua i ngā kaponga ariā me ngā rautaki reo hai tuarā mō te tuhingaroa nei. Kai te upoko tuawhā me te tuarima ngā pitopito kōrero, ngā putanga o te pākiki me ngā uiuinga. Ka mutu mai ki te upoko tuaono, ki te kupu whakamutunga o te tuhingaroa.

The Māori language is a taonga protected under the terms of Te Tiriti o Waitangi. An official language of New Zealand, since 1987. However, although a language passed down from generation to generation, the future of the language is not secure. Efforts are endless in providing many strategies of revitalization and ensuring that Te Reo Māori survives within kura, whare wānanga, whānau, hapū and iwi. The purpose of this research is to gather information pertaining to the tribe of Ngāti Rangiwewehi. This study will explore Ngāti Rangiwewehi in a traditional context, their traditional qualities and will also examine the contributions of the descendants in preserving Te Reo Māori. Furthermore, this study will also examine the ups and downs of the language and how Ngāti Rangiwewehi rates statisticaly in the national census under Te Reo Māori. This information will be gathered to examine strategy examples of Te reo that could benefit both present and future generations. As part of my research I will be interviewing key informants and conducting a survey. There are six chapters to this thesis. Chapter one is based on Ngāti Rangiwewehi as a iwi, past and present. Chapter two is based on the research methodology. Chapter three is the literature review, while Chapter four is the questionnaire. Chapter five are the interviews and lastly Chapter 6, the conclusion.

year: 2015