title: Modelling fractal-structured smart microgrids: Exploring signals and protocols

authors: Apperley, Mark

subjects: computer science

abstract: This paper discusses some of the issues surrounding the interconnection of smart microgrids, with a focus on fractal structures, their implementation, management, operation, and potential effectiveness. It builds on a basic smart microgrid model which focuses on the property of localised energy balance, in order to mitigate the dependency on legacy-grid resources to accommodate short-term (hourly) and medium term (daily to monthly) imbalance. This model provides the basis for further development to allow connecting a group of such micro-grids into a network which externally presents identical structure and characteristics, so enabling the fractal-like interconnection of these micro-grids, or groups of microgrids. Such structures simplify the interconnection, management and operation of smart microgrids, and their connection to the legacy grid. They also intrinsically enable the notion of grid-edge trading. These characteristics have the potential not just to further enable and promote the effective utilisation of distributed generation and storage, but also to simplify and rationalise future backbone grid development.

text: Modelling fractal-structured smart microgrids: Exploring signals and protocols This paper discusses some of the issues surrounding the interconnection of smart microgrids, with a focus on fractal structures, their implementation, management, operation, and potential effectiveness. It builds on a basic smart microgrid model which focuses on the property of localised energy balance, in order to mitigate the dependency on legacy-grid resources to accommodate short-term (hourly) and medium term (daily to monthly) imbalance. This model provides the basis for further development to allow connecting a group of such micro-grids into a network which externally presents identical structure and characteristics, so enabling the fractal-like interconnection of these micro-grids, or groups of microgrids. Such structures simplify the interconnection, management and operation of smart microgrids, and their connection to the legacy grid. They also intrinsically enable the notion of grid-edge trading. These characteristics have the potential not just to further enable and promote the effective utilisation of distributed generation and storage, but also to simplify and rationalise future backbone grid development.

year: 2019

title: A study of zinc complexes of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄] of the type [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄ZnL]⁺ (L = bidentate chelating ligand)

authors: Henderson, William

subjects: platinum complexes

abstract: Reactions of [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄] with zinc acetate and an ancillary chelating ligand L (HL = 8-hydroxyquinoline, 8-tosylaminoquinoline or maltol) with added trimethylamine in methanol give new cationic platinum–zinc sulfide aggregates [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄ZnL]+, isolated as their BF4− salts. The complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry, microelemental analysis, and an X-ray structure determination of the tosylamidoquinoline derivative [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄Zn(TAQ)]BF₄, which showed a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry at zinc. Additional examples, containing picolinate, dithiocarbamate, or dithiophosphinate ligands were also synthesized and partly characterized in order to demonstrate a wider range of available derivatives.

text: A study of zinc complexes of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄] of the type [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄ZnL]⁺ (L = bidentate chelating ligand) Reactions of [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄] with zinc acetate and an ancillary chelating ligand L (HL = 8-hydroxyquinoline, 8-tosylaminoquinoline or maltol) with added trimethylamine in methanol give new cationic platinum–zinc sulfide aggregates [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄ZnL]+, isolated as their BF4− salts. The complexes were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry, microelemental analysis, and an X-ray structure determination of the tosylamidoquinoline derivative [Pt₂(μ-S)₂(PPh₃)₄Zn(TAQ)]BF₄, which showed a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry at zinc. Additional examples, containing picolinate, dithiocarbamate, or dithiophosphinate ligands were also synthesized and partly characterized in order to demonstrate a wider range of available derivatives.

year: 2013

title: Honouring our ancestors: Reclaiming the power of Māori maternities

authors: Simmonds, Naomi Beth

abstract: Māori¹ maternal knowledges are intimately tied to ancestors, to ancestral knowledges, and to whenua (land).² Iwi (tribes), hapū (smaller tribal groupings), and whānau (families)³ have their own maternal knowledges, which are woven into their cosmologies, histories, songs, carvings, place names, chants, and incantations. These knowledges, though spatially and temporally specific, speak to the sanctity of the maternal body, the power and prestige of women’s reproductive capabilities, and the empowering collective approach to raising children. Māori knowledges pertaining to pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting were imparted generation to generation as they were lived, embodied and emplaced by our ancestors, sustaining the sacred and empowering approach to maternities within our communities.
This chapter considers the challenges and possibilities of reclaiming Māori maternal knowledges and their associated practices and ceremonies for Māori women and whānau in contemporary Aotearoa-New Zealand. Three key themes frame this chapter. First, I consider the ways in which colonialism has served to silence Māori maternal knowledges to such an extent that whānau are left trying to find meaning in the voices, knowledges, and advices of others. Indigenous women are largely birthing within Western ideologies and institutions that do not adequately provide for Indigenous ways of being and birthing. The chapter then considers the ways in which women and whānau are reclaiming ancient knowledges and practices in new and contemporary ways. I seek to illustrate the ways in which traditional practices and ritual customs have the potential to transform and empower individual and collective experiences of birth and afterbirth. The chapter ends with arguing that Indigenous maternities, Māori maternities, are an important site of decolonization. Reclaiming the messages and embodied practices left to us by our ancestors can provide an empowering collective approach to pregnancy, birth, and afterbirth, and can facilitate a “decolonized pathway” (Simpson 28) into and through the world for our children and for generations to come.

text: Honouring our ancestors: Reclaiming the power of Māori maternities Māori¹ maternal knowledges are intimately tied to ancestors, to ancestral knowledges, and to whenua (land).² Iwi (tribes), hapū (smaller tribal groupings), and whānau (families)³ have their own maternal knowledges, which are woven into their cosmologies, histories, songs, carvings, place names, chants, and incantations. These knowledges, though spatially and temporally specific, speak to the sanctity of the maternal body, the power and prestige of women’s reproductive capabilities, and the empowering collective approach to raising children. Māori knowledges pertaining to pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting were imparted generation to generation as they were lived, embodied and emplaced by our ancestors, sustaining the sacred and empowering approach to maternities within our communities.
This chapter considers the challenges and possibilities of reclaiming Māori maternal knowledges and their associated practices and ceremonies for Māori women and whānau in contemporary Aotearoa-New Zealand. Three key themes frame this chapter. First, I consider the ways in which colonialism has served to silence Māori maternal knowledges to such an extent that whānau are left trying to find meaning in the voices, knowledges, and advices of others. Indigenous women are largely birthing within Western ideologies and institutions that do not adequately provide for Indigenous ways of being and birthing. The chapter then considers the ways in which women and whānau are reclaiming ancient knowledges and practices in new and contemporary ways. I seek to illustrate the ways in which traditional practices and ritual customs have the potential to transform and empower individual and collective experiences of birth and afterbirth. The chapter ends with arguing that Indigenous maternities, Māori maternities, are an important site of decolonization. Reclaiming the messages and embodied practices left to us by our ancestors can provide an empowering collective approach to pregnancy, birth, and afterbirth, and can facilitate a “decolonized pathway” (Simpson 28) into and through the world for our children and for generations to come.

year: 2017