title: Ethical guidelines and practices for Pakistani television journalists reporting on domestic violence

authors: Bin Nasir, Omer

subjects: domestic violence

abstract: Domestic violence is endemic in Pakistan (Baig et al., 2020), yet it took around 66 years of campaigning to acknowledge it as a social problem worthy of legislation. This paper investigates the ethical frameworks in place for Pakistani television news journalists reporting cases of domestic violence. It also examines the provision and structure of training for Pakistani media professionals to support accurate and balanced reporting of such violence. The research for this study comprised in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 high level television journalists – including news producers. Findings of the study reveal that there were no written ethical guidelines on how to represent incidents of this crime, its victims, or perpetrators. Moreover, due to the paucity of formal professional development opportunities, journalists are mostly limited to on-the-job training in terms of how best to report cases of domestic violence. This also impacts on their approaches to information gathering and dissemination. The research did find that, in comparison to journalists working for national Pakistani news channels, those associated with international news organizations were more aware of and trained in the need to consider how to cover domestic violence ethically, sensitively and in socially responsible ways.

text: Ethical guidelines and practices for Pakistani television journalists reporting on domestic violence Domestic violence is endemic in Pakistan (Baig et al., 2020), yet it took around 66 years of campaigning to acknowledge it as a social problem worthy of legislation. This paper investigates the ethical frameworks in place for Pakistani television news journalists reporting cases of domestic violence. It also examines the provision and structure of training for Pakistani media professionals to support accurate and balanced reporting of such violence. The research for this study comprised in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 high level television journalists – including news producers. Findings of the study reveal that there were no written ethical guidelines on how to represent incidents of this crime, its victims, or perpetrators. Moreover, due to the paucity of formal professional development opportunities, journalists are mostly limited to on-the-job training in terms of how best to report cases of domestic violence. This also impacts on their approaches to information gathering and dissemination. The research did find that, in comparison to journalists working for national Pakistani news channels, those associated with international news organizations were more aware of and trained in the need to consider how to cover domestic violence ethically, sensitively and in socially responsible ways.

year: 2022

title: On the chromatic index of Latin squares

authors: Cavenagh, Nicholas J.

abstract: A proper coloring of a Latin square of order n is an assignment of colors to its elements triples such that each row, column and symbol is assigned n distinct colors. Equivalently, a proper coloring of a Latin square is a partition into partial transversals. The chromatic index of a Latin square is the least number of colors needed for a proper coloring. We study the chromatic index of the cyclic Latin square which arises from the addition table for the integers modulo n. We obtain the best possible bounds except for the case when n=2 is odd and divisible by 3. We make some conjectures about the chromatic index, suggesting a generalization of Ryser's conjecture (that every Latin square of odd order contains a transversal).

text: On the chromatic index of Latin squares A proper coloring of a Latin square of order n is an assignment of colors to its elements triples such that each row, column and symbol is assigned n distinct colors. Equivalently, a proper coloring of a Latin square is a partition into partial transversals. The chromatic index of a Latin square is the least number of colors needed for a proper coloring. We study the chromatic index of the cyclic Latin square which arises from the addition table for the integers modulo n. We obtain the best possible bounds except for the case when n=2 is odd and divisible by 3. We make some conjectures about the chromatic index, suggesting a generalization of Ryser's conjecture (that every Latin square of odd order contains a transversal).

year: 2015

title: Kuta (Eleocharis sphacelata, Cyperaceae), a locally important and highly valued weaving plant

authors: Wehi, Priscilla M.

subjects: Northland (N.Z.)

abstract: This article introduces and discusses kuta (Eleocharis sphacelata, Cyperaceae), a tall spikerush found on the margins of shallow lakes in New Zealand, which, although often overlooked, is considered in Northland to be a valuable weaving resource.

text: Kuta (Eleocharis sphacelata, Cyperaceae), a locally important and highly valued weaving plant This article introduces and discusses kuta (Eleocharis sphacelata, Cyperaceae), a tall spikerush found on the margins of shallow lakes in New Zealand, which, although often overlooked, is considered in Northland to be a valuable weaving resource.

year: 2006