title: "Delicate, petite & other things I'll never be": trans-punk anthems and love songs

authors: Schott, Gareth R.

subjects: Social Sciences

abstract: Punk’s dogged durability continues to be driven by a communal ethos that once embodied inclusivity, resistance, challenge, and transformation. The precipitous absorption and integration of punk into the mainstream ran the risk of undermining the authenticity of its rebellion, DIY principles, and sub-cultural inimitability. Yet, in emerging from the underground punk has continued to provide a counter-normative framework and aesthetic. The ethos that underpinned first-wave punk is evident today in punk’s ongoing engagement with queer politics and persistent illustrations of gender fluidity. This article examines an articulation of “transgender as punk” focusing on the example of Laura Jane Grace, lead singer of U.S. anarcho-punk band Against Me!, who came out as transgender five albums into her public life as an established punk musician. Punk has time and again served as a site for making visible and verbalising discordant experiences, which Grace has accessed to document her complex and troubled personal intercessions, transgender realities, and their uncertain future.

text: "Delicate, petite & other things I'll never be": trans-punk anthems and love songs Punk’s dogged durability continues to be driven by a communal ethos that once embodied inclusivity, resistance, challenge, and transformation. The precipitous absorption and integration of punk into the mainstream ran the risk of undermining the authenticity of its rebellion, DIY principles, and sub-cultural inimitability. Yet, in emerging from the underground punk has continued to provide a counter-normative framework and aesthetic. The ethos that underpinned first-wave punk is evident today in punk’s ongoing engagement with queer politics and persistent illustrations of gender fluidity. This article examines an articulation of “transgender as punk” focusing on the example of Laura Jane Grace, lead singer of U.S. anarcho-punk band Against Me!, who came out as transgender five albums into her public life as an established punk musician. Punk has time and again served as a site for making visible and verbalising discordant experiences, which Grace has accessed to document her complex and troubled personal intercessions, transgender realities, and their uncertain future.

year: 2020-01-02

title: Ecological monitoring of artificial destratification effects in Lake Rotoehu: 2014-2015

authors: Tempero, Grant Wayne

abstract: Lake Rotoehu is a shallow (mean depth 8 m), polymictic eutrophic lake in the Rotorua lakes district. Catchment land use intensification has contributed to a decline in water quality and persistent cyanobacterial algal blooms for the past 20 years and combines with a background of nutrient-rich geothermal inflows. Two artificial mixing devices were deployed in Lake Rotoehu in the spring of 2012 by the Bay of Plenty Regional Council with the aim of preventing lake thermal stratification. They were previously operated over the summer-autumn periods of 2012-13 and 2013-14 and their effects were monitored on a monthly basis until June 2014. The devices force compressed air through a diffuser near the lake bottom, and into three large vertical cylinders. Buoyancy, caused by the rising bubbles, draws water from the bottom of the lake up through the vertical cylinders and directs it horizontally into the surface mixed layer (epilimnion). This causes mixing of thermally distinct layers of the water column, and is designed to inhibit stratification and prevent hypolimnetic deoxygenation. Results from previous monitoring indicate that the mixing devices produced a limited, localised mixing effect, but had no influence on whole lake ecology. With a view to improving performance, modifications, including channelling all air through a single mixing device and increasing compressor output, were effected in preparation for the 2014-15 summer-autumn seasons. The University of Waikato was contracted by the Bay of Plenty Regional Council to conduct a monitoring programme to ascertain the effect of these modifications.
Three sites within Lake Rotoehu were sampled monthly at similar depths from October 2014 to May 2015. Sites 1 and 3 were located approximately 30 m from a mixing device and Site 2 acted as a control site as it was considered to be unaffected by the direct effects of the mixing. Zooplankton, phytoplankton and nutrient samples (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate, ammonium and dissolved phosphorus) were collected at two different depths (0.5 m and 9.0 m), at each site. In addition, CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) vertical profiles were also taken at each site. Temperature data were also obtained from a fixed-sensor, high-frequency monitoring buoy deployed in the lake and used to determine lake stability.
The summer of 2014-15 produced conditions favourable for the formation of prolonged lake stratification. This resulted in a marked decline in water quality during January-May 2015 in comparison to the previous three years of monitoring data. Evidence of localised homogenisation by the mixing device of the dominant phytoplankton and zooplankton taxonomic groups demonstrated notable improvement in mixing device performance. Temperature profile data were more equivocal, with no clear observations of the effects of artificial mixing over an extended area of the lake. However, supplemental profiles taken from within the discharge plumes (approximately 30 m from the mixing device) demonstrated evidence of hypolimnetic water being discharged to the epilimnion.
It is concluded that the current design and configuration of the artificial mixing devices is effective in drawing water from the hypolimnion into the epilimnion. However, it appears that the thermal mass of Lake Rotoehu is too large for a single mixing device to overcome and there appears to be no substantial ecological benefit in continuing to operate the devices without substantial modification. If significant, sustained improvements in water quality are to be achieved using these devices, further capital investment will be required. Further research investigating the efficiency and area of influence of the mixing devices may help to improve their design and operation.

text: Ecological monitoring of artificial destratification effects in Lake Rotoehu: 2014-2015 Lake Rotoehu is a shallow (mean depth 8 m), polymictic eutrophic lake in the Rotorua lakes district. Catchment land use intensification has contributed to a decline in water quality and persistent cyanobacterial algal blooms for the past 20 years and combines with a background of nutrient-rich geothermal inflows. Two artificial mixing devices were deployed in Lake Rotoehu in the spring of 2012 by the Bay of Plenty Regional Council with the aim of preventing lake thermal stratification. They were previously operated over the summer-autumn periods of 2012-13 and 2013-14 and their effects were monitored on a monthly basis until June 2014. The devices force compressed air through a diffuser near the lake bottom, and into three large vertical cylinders. Buoyancy, caused by the rising bubbles, draws water from the bottom of the lake up through the vertical cylinders and directs it horizontally into the surface mixed layer (epilimnion). This causes mixing of thermally distinct layers of the water column, and is designed to inhibit stratification and prevent hypolimnetic deoxygenation. Results from previous monitoring indicate that the mixing devices produced a limited, localised mixing effect, but had no influence on whole lake ecology. With a view to improving performance, modifications, including channelling all air through a single mixing device and increasing compressor output, were effected in preparation for the 2014-15 summer-autumn seasons. The University of Waikato was contracted by the Bay of Plenty Regional Council to conduct a monitoring programme to ascertain the effect of these modifications.
Three sites within Lake Rotoehu were sampled monthly at similar depths from October 2014 to May 2015. Sites 1 and 3 were located approximately 30 m from a mixing device and Site 2 acted as a control site as it was considered to be unaffected by the direct effects of the mixing. Zooplankton, phytoplankton and nutrient samples (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate, ammonium and dissolved phosphorus) were collected at two different depths (0.5 m and 9.0 m), at each site. In addition, CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) vertical profiles were also taken at each site. Temperature data were also obtained from a fixed-sensor, high-frequency monitoring buoy deployed in the lake and used to determine lake stability.
The summer of 2014-15 produced conditions favourable for the formation of prolonged lake stratification. This resulted in a marked decline in water quality during January-May 2015 in comparison to the previous three years of monitoring data. Evidence of localised homogenisation by the mixing device of the dominant phytoplankton and zooplankton taxonomic groups demonstrated notable improvement in mixing device performance. Temperature profile data were more equivocal, with no clear observations of the effects of artificial mixing over an extended area of the lake. However, supplemental profiles taken from within the discharge plumes (approximately 30 m from the mixing device) demonstrated evidence of hypolimnetic water being discharged to the epilimnion.
It is concluded that the current design and configuration of the artificial mixing devices is effective in drawing water from the hypolimnion into the epilimnion. However, it appears that the thermal mass of Lake Rotoehu is too large for a single mixing device to overcome and there appears to be no substantial ecological benefit in continuing to operate the devices without substantial modification. If significant, sustained improvements in water quality are to be achieved using these devices, further capital investment will be required. Further research investigating the efficiency and area of influence of the mixing devices may help to improve their design and operation.

year: 2015

title: Te Whānau Mārama

authors: Tuahine, Hōhepa

subjects: Whānau mārama

abstract: Ko te rā, ko te marama, ko te whetū, ko te auahitūroa, ko te kōtiritiri anō i tapaina e te Māori ko te Whānau Mārama.  Ko te whānau nei ka heke i a Tangotango rāua ko Wainui, he tamariki nā Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku, he atua. I whakaako motuhaketia ngā āhuatanga katoa o te Whānau Mārama ki te whare kōkōrangi.  Ko ana whakapapa, ko ana karakia, ko ana waiata, ko ana whakataukī maha.  Ko ngā kai mārō o taua whare wānanga e hoki ana ki te orokotīmatanga mai o Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku, heke iho mai ki te tangata me te ao tūroa e mōhiotia ana i tēnei rangi.  He tipua ngā tohunga o te whare kōkōrangi ki te whakamāori i ngā nekehanga me ngā āhuatanga rere kē o te Whānau Mārama nei.  Ka nui ngā tohutohu a te Whānau Mārama e tōnui ai te noho a te Māori ki te whenua.  Heoi anō, kei te āhua tonu o tā te whetū nekehanga i te rangi, kei te āhua tonu o tōna hikohiko mai, otirā kei te āhua tonu o tā te Whānau Mārama taunekeneke atu, taunekeneke mai ki a rātau anō.  Katoa ngā āhuatanga o te Whānau Mārama he mea hei ārahi i te Māori, me te aha, ko ngā mātauranga o te whare nei hei kāpehu ki te tohunga whakatere waka, hei tohu nō Tū ki te ope tauā, hei maramataka ki te ihu oneone, hei kai mārō ki te tauira, hei aha noa atu.  Ko tā tēnei tuhinga, he tūhura i ngā kōrero mō te Whānau Mārama me tana whare wānanga.  Ka titiro ki ngā kōrero kua whakamoanahia i roto i ngā tau maha me te whakamārama i te whakamahia o tēnei mātauranga e kui mā, e koro mā i te wā i a rātau.

text: Te Whānau Mārama Ko te rā, ko te marama, ko te whetū, ko te auahitūroa, ko te kōtiritiri anō i tapaina e te Māori ko te Whānau Mārama.  Ko te whānau nei ka heke i a Tangotango rāua ko Wainui, he tamariki nā Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku, he atua. I whakaako motuhaketia ngā āhuatanga katoa o te Whānau Mārama ki te whare kōkōrangi.  Ko ana whakapapa, ko ana karakia, ko ana waiata, ko ana whakataukī maha.  Ko ngā kai mārō o taua whare wānanga e hoki ana ki te orokotīmatanga mai o Ranginui rāua ko Papatūānuku, heke iho mai ki te tangata me te ao tūroa e mōhiotia ana i tēnei rangi.  He tipua ngā tohunga o te whare kōkōrangi ki te whakamāori i ngā nekehanga me ngā āhuatanga rere kē o te Whānau Mārama nei.  Ka nui ngā tohutohu a te Whānau Mārama e tōnui ai te noho a te Māori ki te whenua.  Heoi anō, kei te āhua tonu o tā te whetū nekehanga i te rangi, kei te āhua tonu o tōna hikohiko mai, otirā kei te āhua tonu o tā te Whānau Mārama taunekeneke atu, taunekeneke mai ki a rātau anō.  Katoa ngā āhuatanga o te Whānau Mārama he mea hei ārahi i te Māori, me te aha, ko ngā mātauranga o te whare nei hei kāpehu ki te tohunga whakatere waka, hei tohu nō Tū ki te ope tauā, hei maramataka ki te ihu oneone, hei kai mārō ki te tauira, hei aha noa atu.  Ko tā tēnei tuhinga, he tūhura i ngā kōrero mō te Whānau Mārama me tana whare wānanga.  Ka titiro ki ngā kōrero kua whakamoanahia i roto i ngā tau maha me te whakamārama i te whakamahia o tēnei mātauranga e kui mā, e koro mā i te wā i a rātau.

year: 2016