title: A systems engineering approach to supply chain auditing

authors: Childerhouse, Paul

subjects: supply chain management

abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical foundations, development, and application of the quick scan audit methodology (QSAM) for comparative evaluation of supply chains via uncertainty codification and material flow assessment.
Design/methodology/approach – Charts the evolution of QSAM via the Parnaby concept of a manufacturing system leading to a control model representation of a value stream. Monitoring in process and critical interface material and information flows provide the substantive data to evaluate supply chain health. The authors show how QSAM satisfies the six desirable attributes previously established as advantageous when value stream auditing.
Findings – Basing QSAM on this particular systems approach readily leads to transferability of approach to new market sectors and new companies within the same sector. It ensures comparability via uncertainty levels to be established. Hence, using statistical cluster analysis “best practice” may be identified and annotated.
Research limitations/implications – There may yet be specific supply chain regimens where uncertainty codification is insufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. However, QSAM is now sufficiently mature that it has been applied successfully and widely beyond its original systems-friendly European automotive sector.
Practical implications – A systematic, non-industry-specific audit method based on systems modelling builds confidence into comparability studies and identification of “exemplars” exhibiting best practice. The importance of understanding and satisfying the expectations of the four “players” in the QSAM balanced scorecard is discussed and exemplified.
Originality/value – QSAM is an original contribution which fits well into the spectrum of excellence measurement techniques. The two established extremes are vertical case studies (European style) and horizontal surveys (US style). QSAM brings together certain strengths of each so that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

text: A systems engineering approach to supply chain auditing Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the theoretical foundations, development, and application of the quick scan audit methodology (QSAM) for comparative evaluation of supply chains via uncertainty codification and material flow assessment.
Design/methodology/approach – Charts the evolution of QSAM via the Parnaby concept of a manufacturing system leading to a control model representation of a value stream. Monitoring in process and critical interface material and information flows provide the substantive data to evaluate supply chain health. The authors show how QSAM satisfies the six desirable attributes previously established as advantageous when value stream auditing.
Findings – Basing QSAM on this particular systems approach readily leads to transferability of approach to new market sectors and new companies within the same sector. It ensures comparability via uncertainty levels to be established. Hence, using statistical cluster analysis “best practice” may be identified and annotated.
Research limitations/implications – There may yet be specific supply chain regimens where uncertainty codification is insufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. However, QSAM is now sufficiently mature that it has been applied successfully and widely beyond its original systems-friendly European automotive sector.
Practical implications – A systematic, non-industry-specific audit method based on systems modelling builds confidence into comparability studies and identification of “exemplars” exhibiting best practice. The importance of understanding and satisfying the expectations of the four “players” in the QSAM balanced scorecard is discussed and exemplified.
Originality/value – QSAM is an original contribution which fits well into the spectrum of excellence measurement techniques. The two established extremes are vertical case studies (European style) and horizontal surveys (US style). QSAM brings together certain strengths of each so that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts.

year: 2010

title: Use of cyclometallated PdCl[PPh₂CH₂CH₂CHCH₂CH₂PPh₂] as a precursor to homo and heterometallic species directed by ESMS (Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry)

authors: Neo, Kian Eang

subjects: chemistry

abstract: The cyclometallated Pd compound PdCl[PPh₂CH₂CH₂CHCH₂CH₂PPh₂] 1, obtained from PdCl₂(Ph₂P(CH₂)₅PPh₂) in refluxing DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide), was characterized by NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The cyclometallation of MCl₂(Ph₂P(CH₂)₅PPh₂)(M = Pd, Pt) to give 1 and its Pt(II) analogue was probed using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESMS). The reactivity of 1 towards neutral ligands such as phosphines and pyridines as well as basic metal complexes such as pyridine-thiolate compounds of Au(I), Hg(II) and Pt(II) in solution was also investigated. The results showed that the chloride trans to the Pd–C bond is susceptible to ligand replacement. A number of entry metalloligands was examined in an attempt to establish a route to cyclometallated aggregates and clusters.

text: Use of cyclometallated PdCl[PPh₂CH₂CH₂CHCH₂CH₂PPh₂] as a precursor to homo and heterometallic species directed by ESMS (Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry) The cyclometallated Pd compound PdCl[PPh₂CH₂CH₂CHCH₂CH₂PPh₂] 1, obtained from PdCl₂(Ph₂P(CH₂)₅PPh₂) in refluxing DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide), was characterized by NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. The cyclometallation of MCl₂(Ph₂P(CH₂)₅PPh₂)(M = Pd, Pt) to give 1 and its Pt(II) analogue was probed using electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESMS). The reactivity of 1 towards neutral ligands such as phosphines and pyridines as well as basic metal complexes such as pyridine-thiolate compounds of Au(I), Hg(II) and Pt(II) in solution was also investigated. The results showed that the chloride trans to the Pd–C bond is susceptible to ligand replacement. A number of entry metalloligands was examined in an attempt to establish a route to cyclometallated aggregates and clusters.

year: 2004

title: Moko – A Research Project

authors: Te Awekotuku, Ngahuia

subjects: Maori

abstract: Moko colours the lives, and the skins, of all the people involved in the making of this book “Mau Moko”, which began as the Marsden project, “Ta Moko – Culture, Body Modification, and the Psychology of Identity”, 2001-2005. We proposed to study the origins, significance, technology and practice of Ta Moko from the pre-contact period to contemporary times, and to explore how this important art form has become a dynamic and positive assertion of being Maori in our changing world.

text: Moko – A Research Project Moko colours the lives, and the skins, of all the people involved in the making of this book “Mau Moko”, which began as the Marsden project, “Ta Moko – Culture, Body Modification, and the Psychology of Identity”, 2001-2005. We proposed to study the origins, significance, technology and practice of Ta Moko from the pre-contact period to contemporary times, and to explore how this important art form has become a dynamic and positive assertion of being Maori in our changing world.

year: 2008