title: Decommissioning the Russian Far East Fleet's nuclear submarines

authors: Smith, Ron C.

subjects: Cold War

abstract: During the Cold War, the Soviet Union built up the largest fleet of nuclear-propelled submarines in the world, with something under half of them stationed in the Far East. Since the demise of the Soviet Union many of these vessels have been taken out of service, either as a consequence of arms control agreements or, more pressingly, because of lack of funds. They are now resting in various states of neglect and decay in harbours and inlets around the coastline of the Russian Far East.

text: Decommissioning the Russian Far East Fleet's nuclear submarines During the Cold War, the Soviet Union built up the largest fleet of nuclear-propelled submarines in the world, with something under half of them stationed in the Far East. Since the demise of the Soviet Union many of these vessels have been taken out of service, either as a consequence of arms control agreements or, more pressingly, because of lack of funds. They are now resting in various states of neglect and decay in harbours and inlets around the coastline of the Russian Far East.

year: 2003

title: Exploring Men's Coping With Psychological Distress Within the Context of Conforming to Masculine Role Norms

authors: Moodley, Komala G.

subjects: psychological distress

abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among masculine and coping variables with psychological distress. It also identified the extent to which masculine variables and coping styles contributed to psychological distress, in a sample of New Zealand men. 
The study sample comprised of 80 adult men, recruited from tertiary and community organisations in Hamilton. Participants were required to read and complete a questionnaire comprising of a series of questions relating to adherence to masculine gender role norms, gender role conflict, coping styles and recent levels of anxiety, stress and depressive symptoms. The Conformity to Masculine Role Norms Inventory and the Gender Role Conflict Scale were used to assess the men’s degree of conformity to socialised masculine ideals, and the degree to which they experienced conflict, as a result of their gendered role. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was used to measure psychological distress, the outcome variable. Coping style was assessed using the Brief COPE Scale. 
The main findings were that some aspects of conformity to masculinity, such as the strict adherence to norms of Emotional Control and Self-Reliance were associated with higher levels of psychological distress, Emotional Control (r=.279, p=.008) and Self-Reliance (r=.395, p <.01). Some of the men appear also to struggle to meet socialised masculine ideals associated with restrictive emotional expressiveness, as indicated by a significant association between Restrictive Emotionality and psychological distress, r=.338, P= <.01. The findings also indicated that Avoidant Coping was positively associated with psychological distress (r=.235, p=.02) in contrast to an inverse association between Problem Solving Coping and psychological distress (Problem Solving Coping r=-.471, p<.01), highlighting the benefits of using active, direct coping strategies to mitigate the effects of psychological distress.
 Results of the multiple regression indicated that coping styles in comparison to the gender variables accounted for more than half of the variance of the outcome variable (psychological distress), and was a better predictor of psychological distress in the sample of men. Furthermore, the gender variables helped to explain psychological distress over and above what was explained by coping strategies alone. These findings have highlighted that masculine gender role may be inextricable linked to the way men cope with psychological distress. It should therefore be considered together with coping styles in future studies examining psychological distress. Implications of these findings for the development of effective clinical interventions, and directions for future research were also discussed.

text: Exploring Men's Coping With Psychological Distress Within the Context of Conforming to Masculine Role Norms The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among masculine and coping variables with psychological distress. It also identified the extent to which masculine variables and coping styles contributed to psychological distress, in a sample of New Zealand men. 
The study sample comprised of 80 adult men, recruited from tertiary and community organisations in Hamilton. Participants were required to read and complete a questionnaire comprising of a series of questions relating to adherence to masculine gender role norms, gender role conflict, coping styles and recent levels of anxiety, stress and depressive symptoms. The Conformity to Masculine Role Norms Inventory and the Gender Role Conflict Scale were used to assess the men’s degree of conformity to socialised masculine ideals, and the degree to which they experienced conflict, as a result of their gendered role. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was used to measure psychological distress, the outcome variable. Coping style was assessed using the Brief COPE Scale. 
The main findings were that some aspects of conformity to masculinity, such as the strict adherence to norms of Emotional Control and Self-Reliance were associated with higher levels of psychological distress, Emotional Control (r=.279, p=.008) and Self-Reliance (r=.395, p <.01). Some of the men appear also to struggle to meet socialised masculine ideals associated with restrictive emotional expressiveness, as indicated by a significant association between Restrictive Emotionality and psychological distress, r=.338, P= <.01. The findings also indicated that Avoidant Coping was positively associated with psychological distress (r=.235, p=.02) in contrast to an inverse association between Problem Solving Coping and psychological distress (Problem Solving Coping r=-.471, p<.01), highlighting the benefits of using active, direct coping strategies to mitigate the effects of psychological distress.
 Results of the multiple regression indicated that coping styles in comparison to the gender variables accounted for more than half of the variance of the outcome variable (psychological distress), and was a better predictor of psychological distress in the sample of men. Furthermore, the gender variables helped to explain psychological distress over and above what was explained by coping strategies alone. These findings have highlighted that masculine gender role may be inextricable linked to the way men cope with psychological distress. It should therefore be considered together with coping styles in future studies examining psychological distress. Implications of these findings for the development of effective clinical interventions, and directions for future research were also discussed.

year: 2013

title: Mōteatea: He pātaka whakairinga kōrero nō Ngāti Rangiwewehi

authors: Paterson, Awatea

subjects: Ngāti Rangiwewehi

abstract: Mai rā anō a Ngāi Tāua, te iwi Māori, e tuku iho ai i ngā mātauranga mā te ārero tupuna mai i tētehi whakatupuranga, ki tētehi whakatupuranga. Ko ngā mātauranga ka tukua iho ko ngā pūrākau, ko ngā karakia, ko ngā whakataukī, ā, ko ngā waiata hoki. Ko te pūtake o te rangahau nei he titiro pū ki te āhua o te noho o ngā mōteatea hei pātaka whakairinga kōrero mō Ngāti Rangiwewehi ake, nō reira ka āta tirohia ngā momo puna mōhiohio, ngā momo kura aweko ka whakairia ki te pakitara o te pātaka kōrero o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Nā ngā mōteatea i tohu te wā, i kōrero mō te wāhi, i whakapūkete ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna o te wā i titoa ai te mōteatea. Nā, ko ngā waiata, ko ngā mōteatea koirā te ara whakapūkete kōrero ka wānangahia e te tuhinga nei. Mā te āta wetewete i tētehi mōteatea pū o Ngāti Rangiwewehi, ka hora i ngā kura āuki, i ngā māpihi pounamu, i ngā puna mātauranga o te iwi kua whakaemi mai ki roto i te mōteatea hei kōrero tuku iho mō te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi, hei whakatauira ake hoki i te āhua o te noho o ngā mōteatea hei ara whakapūkete mātauranga.

text: Mōteatea: He pātaka whakairinga kōrero nō Ngāti Rangiwewehi Mai rā anō a Ngāi Tāua, te iwi Māori, e tuku iho ai i ngā mātauranga mā te ārero tupuna mai i tētehi whakatupuranga, ki tētehi whakatupuranga. Ko ngā mātauranga ka tukua iho ko ngā pūrākau, ko ngā karakia, ko ngā whakataukī, ā, ko ngā waiata hoki. Ko te pūtake o te rangahau nei he titiro pū ki te āhua o te noho o ngā mōteatea hei pātaka whakairinga kōrero mō Ngāti Rangiwewehi ake, nō reira ka āta tirohia ngā momo puna mōhiohio, ngā momo kura aweko ka whakairia ki te pakitara o te pātaka kōrero o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Nā ngā mōteatea i tohu te wā, i kōrero mō te wāhi, i whakapūkete ngā mahi a ngā tūpuna o te wā i titoa ai te mōteatea. Nā, ko ngā waiata, ko ngā mōteatea koirā te ara whakapūkete kōrero ka wānangahia e te tuhinga nei. Mā te āta wetewete i tētehi mōteatea pū o Ngāti Rangiwewehi, ka hora i ngā kura āuki, i ngā māpihi pounamu, i ngā puna mātauranga o te iwi kua whakaemi mai ki roto i te mōteatea hei kōrero tuku iho mō te iwi o Ngāti Rangiwewehi, hei whakatauira ake hoki i te āhua o te noho o ngā mōteatea hei ara whakapūkete mātauranga.

year: 2013