title: Increasing plate heat exchanger thermal duty: an industrial case study

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

abstract: The design and rating of Plate Heat Exchangers (PHE) entails the classic engineering trade-off between heat transfer and pressure drop. Countless studies have characterised the thermal and hydraulic performance of a wide variety of PHE and formulated fundamental correlations for fluid film coefficients, h, and friction factor, f [1]. However such academic results appear seldom to inform the site engineer regarding the best design and operating practices of heat exchangers in the New Zealand dairy industry. In this paper we present the thermal analysis of a site hot water preheater located at one of New Zealand’s largest dairy factories. Using fundamental heat exchanger theory, the analysis also looks at how to increase the heat exchanger’s duty and the coupled effect on pressure drop and pumping cost.

text: Increasing plate heat exchanger thermal duty: an industrial case study The design and rating of Plate Heat Exchangers (PHE) entails the classic engineering trade-off between heat transfer and pressure drop. Countless studies have characterised the thermal and hydraulic performance of a wide variety of PHE and formulated fundamental correlations for fluid film coefficients, h, and friction factor, f [1]. However such academic results appear seldom to inform the site engineer regarding the best design and operating practices of heat exchangers in the New Zealand dairy industry. In this paper we present the thermal analysis of a site hot water preheater located at one of New Zealand’s largest dairy factories. Using fundamental heat exchanger theory, the analysis also looks at how to increase the heat exchanger’s duty and the coupled effect on pressure drop and pumping cost.

year: 2013-11-25

title: Anomalous reaction of an aryl silane with Co₂ (CO)₂; characterisation of Me ₂NC₆H₄Si[Co(CO)₄][OCCo₃(CO)₉]₂

authors: Harfoot, Gwion J.

abstract: Reaction of Me₂NC₆H₄SiH₃ with Co₂(CO)₈ gave Me₂NC₆H₄Si[Co(CO)₄][OCCo₃(CO)₉]₂ which was shown to have one –Co(CO)₄ group and two –OCCo₃(CO)₉ cluster units bonded to the silicon atom.

text: Anomalous reaction of an aryl silane with Co₂ (CO)₂; characterisation of Me ₂NC₆H₄Si[Co(CO)₄][OCCo₃(CO)₉]₂ Reaction of Me₂NC₆H₄SiH₃ with Co₂(CO)₈ gave Me₂NC₆H₄Si[Co(CO)₄][OCCo₃(CO)₉]₂ which was shown to have one –Co(CO)₄ group and two –OCCo₃(CO)₉ cluster units bonded to the silicon atom.

year: 2003-01-01

title: Are we really colour-blind? The normalisation of mass female incarceration

authors: Norris, Adele N.

abstract: The sharp rise in female incarceration rates in both the United States and New Zealand has received increased attention. Even more pressing are the racial disparities among imprisoned females. This exploratory case study examines 13 peer-reviewed articles published between 2005 and 2016 to understand the nature of colour-blind ideology in discussions of female imprisonment in New Zealand. Several themes emerged including the homogenisation of female prisoners. Apart from moderately linking vast racial disparities between incarcerated White women and Indigenous women to ill-defined colonial practices, contemporary explanations for the substantial racial disparities receive little attention. This article concludes that the absence of a critical lens toward contemporary forms and experiences of racism undergirding the mass criminalisation of Indigenous people perpetuates a colour blindness that in turn works to normalise mass female incarceration. Even in attempts to be unbiased, the way race/ethnicity, gender, age, and class are discussed in academic research exploring female incarceration seems to reflect the influential nature of controlling images rather than critique them.

text: Are we really colour-blind? The normalisation of mass female incarceration The sharp rise in female incarceration rates in both the United States and New Zealand has received increased attention. Even more pressing are the racial disparities among imprisoned females. This exploratory case study examines 13 peer-reviewed articles published between 2005 and 2016 to understand the nature of colour-blind ideology in discussions of female imprisonment in New Zealand. Several themes emerged including the homogenisation of female prisoners. Apart from moderately linking vast racial disparities between incarcerated White women and Indigenous women to ill-defined colonial practices, contemporary explanations for the substantial racial disparities receive little attention. This article concludes that the absence of a critical lens toward contemporary forms and experiences of racism undergirding the mass criminalisation of Indigenous people perpetuates a colour blindness that in turn works to normalise mass female incarceration. Even in attempts to be unbiased, the way race/ethnicity, gender, age, and class are discussed in academic research exploring female incarceration seems to reflect the influential nature of controlling images rather than critique them.

year: 2017