title: Development and validation of hydrolysis assays for seven species of exotic fish

authors: Banks, Jonathan C.

abstract: Determining the distribution and presence of exotic taxa are significant challenges for eradication efforts and for restoration ecology. One method is detect the presence of introduced species that has shown promise is the use of environmental DNA-DNA obtained from an environmental sample such as soil or sediment rather than directly from a tissue sample. As part of Intermediate Output 2 (IO2) of the Lake Ecosystem Restoration New Zealand project, we were asked to develop hydrolysis assays (Commonly called Taqman assays) to detect the presence of seven species of introduced fish. Here we report the sequences of the primers and the primers and the hydrolysis probe for assays for catfish, Ameiurus nebulosus; mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis; goldfish, Carassius auratus; Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio; perch Perca fluviatilis; rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus and tench, Tinca tinca. We identified assay conditions that resulted in true-negative results by testing for cross reactivity against the six species of exotic fish that were not the target species. Additionally, we compared the effect of adding different amounts of DNA to the found that adding more DNA template can result in false-negative results (DNA present but not detected) possibly due to the concentration of inhibitory substances reaching concentrations high enough to inhibit the assays.

text: Development and validation of hydrolysis assays for seven species of exotic fish Determining the distribution and presence of exotic taxa are significant challenges for eradication efforts and for restoration ecology. One method is detect the presence of introduced species that has shown promise is the use of environmental DNA-DNA obtained from an environmental sample such as soil or sediment rather than directly from a tissue sample. As part of Intermediate Output 2 (IO2) of the Lake Ecosystem Restoration New Zealand project, we were asked to develop hydrolysis assays (Commonly called Taqman assays) to detect the presence of seven species of introduced fish. Here we report the sequences of the primers and the primers and the hydrolysis probe for assays for catfish, Ameiurus nebulosus; mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis; goldfish, Carassius auratus; Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio; perch Perca fluviatilis; rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalmus and tench, Tinca tinca. We identified assay conditions that resulted in true-negative results by testing for cross reactivity against the six species of exotic fish that were not the target species. Additionally, we compared the effect of adding different amounts of DNA to the found that adding more DNA template can result in false-negative results (DNA present but not detected) possibly due to the concentration of inhibitory substances reaching concentrations high enough to inhibit the assays.

year: 2014

title: New Zealand: Independent nation or acquiescent ally?

authors: Murray, C. J.

abstract: New Zealand is a small nation of predominantly Anglo-Saxon culture situated in a corner of the earth far distant from the land of its cultural forbears. Despite its distance from the centres of power during its relatively short life, New Zealand has been associated with the two greatest powers in the world in the past century and a half - first Britain, and during the latter half of the 20th century with the United States of America. With this strong association has gone the reflected glory of power and prestige that a great nation enjoys. New Zealanders have in the past felt that Britain’s glory was their own, and justifiably so, as they had contributed both economically and with military manpower to the maintenance of that power. 
In recent years, New Zealand has had to face the hard fact that Britain is no longer the power that she was. She can now only be classed as a middle-range power along with several others. And although New Zealand continues to be associated with one of the world’s two greatest powers at this time, the United States, the indications are that she also faces a diminishing relative power combined with a reluctance or inability to effectively use the power that she enjoys to maintain her position. New Zealand's emotional and cultural ties with America have never been as strong as with Britain - in fact there has probably always been a residue of anti-American feeling which arises largely out of the Americans’ boastfulness of their wealth, power and right to rule.

text: New Zealand: Independent nation or acquiescent ally? New Zealand is a small nation of predominantly Anglo-Saxon culture situated in a corner of the earth far distant from the land of its cultural forbears. Despite its distance from the centres of power during its relatively short life, New Zealand has been associated with the two greatest powers in the world in the past century and a half - first Britain, and during the latter half of the 20th century with the United States of America. With this strong association has gone the reflected glory of power and prestige that a great nation enjoys. New Zealanders have in the past felt that Britain’s glory was their own, and justifiably so, as they had contributed both economically and with military manpower to the maintenance of that power. 
In recent years, New Zealand has had to face the hard fact that Britain is no longer the power that she was. She can now only be classed as a middle-range power along with several others. And although New Zealand continues to be associated with one of the world’s two greatest powers at this time, the United States, the indications are that she also faces a diminishing relative power combined with a reluctance or inability to effectively use the power that she enjoys to maintain her position. New Zealand's emotional and cultural ties with America have never been as strong as with Britain - in fact there has probably always been a residue of anti-American feeling which arises largely out of the Americans’ boastfulness of their wealth, power and right to rule.

year: 1973

title: Protecting the heartwood: How can tikanga Māori and mātauranga Māori inform the construction of digital identities and relational responsibilities to data in Aotearoa New Zealand?

authors: Lucas, Danielle

abstract: A report prepared by Danielle Lucas as part of the Tikanga in Technology research project

text: Protecting the heartwood: How can tikanga Māori and mātauranga Māori inform the construction of digital identities and relational responsibilities to data in Aotearoa New Zealand? A report prepared by Danielle Lucas as part of the Tikanga in Technology research project

year: 2025-02-11