title: Modern life at high temperatures

authors: Daniel, Roy M.

subjects: biology

abstract: A variety of micro-organisms are now known which grow optimally above 65°C, and are defined as extreme thermophiles. As might be expected they are found in both natural and artificial hot environments. Until comparatively recently the upper optimum temperature for the growth of any living organism was about 85°C. Then in 1982 Stetter described an organism, isolated from the hot sea floor of a submarine solfatara field, which grew optimally at 105°C. Since then several other organisms have been found with optimum growth temperatures at 100"C or above and a few are capable of growth at 110*C (e.g. Huber et al., 1987; Fiala and Stetter, 1986; Zillig et al., 1987; Stetter et al., 1990).

text: Modern life at high temperatures A variety of micro-organisms are now known which grow optimally above 65°C, and are defined as extreme thermophiles. As might be expected they are found in both natural and artificial hot environments. Until comparatively recently the upper optimum temperature for the growth of any living organism was about 85°C. Then in 1982 Stetter described an organism, isolated from the hot sea floor of a submarine solfatara field, which grew optimally at 105°C. Since then several other organisms have been found with optimum growth temperatures at 100"C or above and a few are capable of growth at 110*C (e.g. Huber et al., 1987; Fiala and Stetter, 1986; Zillig et al., 1987; Stetter et al., 1990).

year: 1992

title: Amplifying Indigenous voices: Four Indigenous publishing houses

authors: Scaletti, Maria

abstract: Existing research in the field of Indigenous children’s literature is sparse but growing. A notable gap in the literature is the paucity of insight into Indigenous picturebook publishing. In preparation for a larger study of Indigenous publishing processes, in this study, we conducted a website analysis to explore the work of Indigenous publishing houses. From this data, we constructed four case studies focusing on Magabala Books (Australia), Black Bears and Blueberries Publishing (USA), Theytus Books (Canada), and Inhabit Media (Canada). Additionally, we present a close analysis of four recently published picturebooks from the publishing houses (one from each). In this article, we provide insights into the key themes underpinning the four Indigenous publishers, including a commitment to storytelling, collaboration, and education; the amplification and prioritization of Indigenous languages; the place of external funding; incorporation of Indigenous art; and the educational background of the authors and illustrators.

text: Amplifying Indigenous voices: Four Indigenous publishing houses Existing research in the field of Indigenous children’s literature is sparse but growing. A notable gap in the literature is the paucity of insight into Indigenous picturebook publishing. In preparation for a larger study of Indigenous publishing processes, in this study, we conducted a website analysis to explore the work of Indigenous publishing houses. From this data, we constructed four case studies focusing on Magabala Books (Australia), Black Bears and Blueberries Publishing (USA), Theytus Books (Canada), and Inhabit Media (Canada). Additionally, we present a close analysis of four recently published picturebooks from the publishing houses (one from each). In this article, we provide insights into the key themes underpinning the four Indigenous publishers, including a commitment to storytelling, collaboration, and education; the amplification and prioritization of Indigenous languages; the place of external funding; incorporation of Indigenous art; and the educational background of the authors and illustrators.

year: 2025

title: He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework: A tool for chronic disease intervention effectiveness in Maori and other indigenous communities

authors: Oetzel, John G.

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Introduction: Health outcomes for Māori are significantly worse than non-Maori in New Zealand; these inequities mirror those found in indigenous communities elsewhere. Evidence-based interventions with established efficacy may not be effective in indigenous communities without addressing specific implementation challenges. We present an implementation framework for chronic condition interventions for Māori.

Theory/Methods: The He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework has indigenous self-determination at its core and consists of four elements: cultural-centeredness, community engagement, systems thinking, and integrated knowledge translation.  All elements have demonstrated evidence of positive implementation outcomes.  A coding scheme derived from the Framework was applied to 13 studies of diabetes prevention in indigenous communities from a systematic review.

Results: Cross-tabulations demonstrated that culture-centeredness (p=.008) and community engagement (p=.009) explained differences in diabetes outcomes and community engagement (p=.098) explained difference in blood pressure outcomes.

Discussion and Conclusions: The He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework is well suited to advance implementation science for Māori and other indigenous communities. The framework has promise as a policy and planning tool to evaluate and design effective interventions for chronic disease prevention.

Lessons Learned: We needed to revise the coding framework in order to make the implication framework concrete.

Limitations: This study has a limitation in that we coded information about interventions from the published articles and not the interventions themselves. Additionally, the study only included 13 interventions.

Suggestions for Future Direction: Further research should provide stronger evidence of the usefulness of the framework particularly with Māori end-users. There will also be a need to understand the differential contribution of each of the four elements to health outcomes.

text: He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework: A tool for chronic disease intervention effectiveness in Maori and other indigenous communities Introduction: Health outcomes for Māori are significantly worse than non-Maori in New Zealand; these inequities mirror those found in indigenous communities elsewhere. Evidence-based interventions with established efficacy may not be effective in indigenous communities without addressing specific implementation challenges. We present an implementation framework for chronic condition interventions for Māori.

Theory/Methods: The He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework has indigenous self-determination at its core and consists of four elements: cultural-centeredness, community engagement, systems thinking, and integrated knowledge translation.  All elements have demonstrated evidence of positive implementation outcomes.  A coding scheme derived from the Framework was applied to 13 studies of diabetes prevention in indigenous communities from a systematic review.

Results: Cross-tabulations demonstrated that culture-centeredness (p=.008) and community engagement (p=.009) explained differences in diabetes outcomes and community engagement (p=.098) explained difference in blood pressure outcomes.

Discussion and Conclusions: The He Pikinga Waiora Implementation Framework is well suited to advance implementation science for Māori and other indigenous communities. The framework has promise as a policy and planning tool to evaluate and design effective interventions for chronic disease prevention.

Lessons Learned: We needed to revise the coding framework in order to make the implication framework concrete.

Limitations: This study has a limitation in that we coded information about interventions from the published articles and not the interventions themselves. Additionally, the study only included 13 interventions.

Suggestions for Future Direction: Further research should provide stronger evidence of the usefulness of the framework particularly with Māori end-users. There will also be a need to understand the differential contribution of each of the four elements to health outcomes.

year: 2018