title: E Toru Ngā Reo: A Case Study of a Spanish Language Programme in a Kura Kaupapa Māori

authors: Flavell, William

subjects: Kaupapa Maori Research

abstract: Learning Languages is a new area in the 2007 New Zealand Curriculum.  However there have not been many studies in this subject.  Kura Kaupapa Māori, established in 1985 in New Zealand with over 6,000 students currently attending, have English language programmes (Hill, 2010), however few, if any, studies of the teaching of other languages have been conducted.  The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate an additional international language programme at a Kura Kaupapa Māori.

This qualitative case study describes the views of the Principal, five teachers, five students and three parents of a Kura Kaupapa Māori about an additional Spanish language programme. The primary means of gathering data was through individual semi-structured interviews.  Interviews were used to collect data in the areas of identifying the attitudes of the participants towards learning an additional international language, the perceived benefits, if any, of learning an additional international language and if there is a relationship between the learning of an  additional international language, and Kaupapa Māori.  The narrative data was transcribed, coded and categorised into four themes related to the research questions.  

 The success of this Spanish language programme can be understood in terms of several factors such as whānau support, programme leadership, quality teachers, international excursions and positive attitudes to foreign language learning.  

These findings will contribute to literature concerning additional language learning programmes, specifically those based in indigenous language immersion settings and they will also provide useful information and ideas which other Kura Kaupapa Māori can take advantage of when implementing additional international language learning programmes.

text: E Toru Ngā Reo: A Case Study of a Spanish Language Programme in a Kura Kaupapa Māori Learning Languages is a new area in the 2007 New Zealand Curriculum.  However there have not been many studies in this subject.  Kura Kaupapa Māori, established in 1985 in New Zealand with over 6,000 students currently attending, have English language programmes (Hill, 2010), however few, if any, studies of the teaching of other languages have been conducted.  The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate an additional international language programme at a Kura Kaupapa Māori.

This qualitative case study describes the views of the Principal, five teachers, five students and three parents of a Kura Kaupapa Māori about an additional Spanish language programme. The primary means of gathering data was through individual semi-structured interviews.  Interviews were used to collect data in the areas of identifying the attitudes of the participants towards learning an additional international language, the perceived benefits, if any, of learning an additional international language and if there is a relationship between the learning of an  additional international language, and Kaupapa Māori.  The narrative data was transcribed, coded and categorised into four themes related to the research questions.  

 The success of this Spanish language programme can be understood in terms of several factors such as whānau support, programme leadership, quality teachers, international excursions and positive attitudes to foreign language learning.  

These findings will contribute to literature concerning additional language learning programmes, specifically those based in indigenous language immersion settings and they will also provide useful information and ideas which other Kura Kaupapa Māori can take advantage of when implementing additional international language learning programmes.

year: 2012

title: How is the circular economy emerging in Aotearoa New Zealand? Research Brief

authors: Diprose, G

abstract: The results of the environmental scan show that there is grass-roots activity and that we have some high level conceptualisations of circular economies (CE) however there is little in-between. As such, it is in the middle that activity needs to occur to transition towards a circular economy. We see a need to move beyond business-as-usual with an entity focus to an ‘ecosystem phase.’ This means that for CE, partnerships are needed across business, organisations, Treaty partners, institutions, NGOs and stakeholders to form collaborations around material and people flows in order for ecosystems to form and create circular economies.

text: How is the circular economy emerging in Aotearoa New Zealand? Research Brief The results of the environmental scan show that there is grass-roots activity and that we have some high level conceptualisations of circular economies (CE) however there is little in-between. As such, it is in the middle that activity needs to occur to transition towards a circular economy. We see a need to move beyond business-as-usual with an entity focus to an ‘ecosystem phase.’ This means that for CE, partnerships are needed across business, organisations, Treaty partners, institutions, NGOs and stakeholders to form collaborations around material and people flows in order for ecosystems to form and create circular economies.

year: 2022

title: Iwasawa theory over solvable three-dimensional p-adic Lie extensions

authors: Qin, Chao

subjects: Iwasawa theory

abstract: Iwasawa theory is a powerful tool which describes the mysterious relationship between arithmetic objects (motives) and the special values of L-functions. A precise form of this relationship is neatly encoded in the so-called "Iwasawa Main Conjecture". Classically the Main Conjecture (as formulated by Iwasawa himself) involved the behaviour of ideal class groups over cyclotomic Zp-extensions, and related this to the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic zeta-function. During the last two decades, the main conjecture has been greatly generalized to admissible p-adic Lie extensions, and provides a conjectural relationship between L-values of motives and their associated Selmer groups. A key component of the “Non-commutative Iwasawa Main Conjecture” in [CFK+05] predicts the existence of an analytic p-adic L-function L an M inside K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) . To establish the existence of such an object, we need to be able to do two things: (1) describe K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) in terms of the Artin representations factoring through G∞ using p-adic congruences, and then (2) show for each motive that the abelian fragments satisfy these congruences. This thesis provides a complete answer to the first task (1), in the specific situation where the pro-p-group G∞ has dimension ≤ 3 and is torsion-free. We completely describe K1(Zp[[G∞]]) and its localisations by using an infinite family of p-adic congruences, where G∞ is any solvable p-adic Lie group of dimension 3. This builds on earlier work of Kato when dim(G∞) = 2, and of Daniel Delbourgo and Lloyd Peters when G∞ ∼= Z × p ⋉Zd p with a scalar action of Z × p . The method exploits the classification of 3-dimensional p-adic Lie groups due to González-Sánchez and Klopsch, as well as the fundamental ideas of Kakde, Burns, etc. in non-commutative Iwasawa theory. We also undertake a short study of elliptic curves over GL2(Fp)-extensions, and compile some numerical evidence in support of the first layer congruences predicted by Kakde [Kak17] for non-CM curves.

text: Iwasawa theory over solvable three-dimensional p-adic Lie extensions Iwasawa theory is a powerful tool which describes the mysterious relationship between arithmetic objects (motives) and the special values of L-functions. A precise form of this relationship is neatly encoded in the so-called "Iwasawa Main Conjecture". Classically the Main Conjecture (as formulated by Iwasawa himself) involved the behaviour of ideal class groups over cyclotomic Zp-extensions, and related this to the Kubota-Leopoldt p-adic zeta-function. During the last two decades, the main conjecture has been greatly generalized to admissible p-adic Lie extensions, and provides a conjectural relationship between L-values of motives and their associated Selmer groups. A key component of the “Non-commutative Iwasawa Main Conjecture” in [CFK+05] predicts the existence of an analytic p-adic L-function L an M inside K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) . To establish the existence of such an object, we need to be able to do two things: (1) describe K1 ( Zp[[G∞]]S∗ ) in terms of the Artin representations factoring through G∞ using p-adic congruences, and then (2) show for each motive that the abelian fragments satisfy these congruences. This thesis provides a complete answer to the first task (1), in the specific situation where the pro-p-group G∞ has dimension ≤ 3 and is torsion-free. We completely describe K1(Zp[[G∞]]) and its localisations by using an infinite family of p-adic congruences, where G∞ is any solvable p-adic Lie group of dimension 3. This builds on earlier work of Kato when dim(G∞) = 2, and of Daniel Delbourgo and Lloyd Peters when G∞ ∼= Z × p ⋉Zd p with a scalar action of Z × p . The method exploits the classification of 3-dimensional p-adic Lie groups due to González-Sánchez and Klopsch, as well as the fundamental ideas of Kakde, Burns, etc. in non-commutative Iwasawa theory. We also undertake a short study of elliptic curves over GL2(Fp)-extensions, and compile some numerical evidence in support of the first layer congruences predicted by Kakde [Kak17] for non-CM curves.

year: 2018