title: Localising a spreadsheet: an Iban example

authors: Yeo, Alvin

subjects: computer science

abstract: Presently, there is little localisation of software to smaller cultures if it is not economically viable. We believe software should also be localised to the languages of small cultures in order to sustain and preserve these small cultures. As an example, we localised a spreadsheet from English to Iban. The process in which we carried out the localisation can be used as a framework for the localisation of software to languages of small ethnic minorities. Some problems faced during the localisation process are also discussed.

text: Localising a spreadsheet: an Iban example Presently, there is little localisation of software to smaller cultures if it is not economically viable. We believe software should also be localised to the languages of small cultures in order to sustain and preserve these small cultures. As an example, we localised a spreadsheet from English to Iban. The process in which we carried out the localisation can be used as a framework for the localisation of software to languages of small ethnic minorities. Some problems faced during the localisation process are also discussed.

year: 1997-07

title: Single screw extruder performance characteristics during processing of corn protein blends

authors: Rosentrater, Kurt A.

abstract: During the last decade, the global biofuels industry has experienced exponential growth. By-products such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) have grown in parallel. DDGS is primarily an animal feed, but it has also been shown to be suitable as a biopolymer. In this study, the extrusion processing behaviour of DDGS was evaluated. Prior to processing, water was added to DDGS at a level of 3 kg DDGS to 1.5 kg water (water at 50 parts per hundred (pph)). Additionally, a DDGS/water blend with 50 pph CaCO₃ was used as a tracer to determine residence time during processing. The blends were processed in a single screw autogenous extruder, which relied solely upon friction for dissipative heating. Two die plates were used: one consisted of 6 orifices equally spaced, 2 mm diameter each, with a total opening area of 18.85 mm²; the other consisted of multiple orifices (960 in total) arranged concentrically around the plate, with a diameter of 2.30 mm each, for a total opening area of 3988.45 mm². Processing began with DDGS blends without tracer; after reaching steady state, the tracer blend was introduced. Samples were collected every 5 sec during processing to determine extrudate changes over time. Extruder power consumption, mass flow rate, and temperature profile were determined during processing. Extrudates were analysed for Hunter colour (L-a-b) changes over time. Extrusion processing characteristics were highly influenced by the die opening area. Die exit temperatures ranged from room temperature (25°C) to more than 100°C, purely due to increased friction for the smaller die opening. Future work should characterize the mechanical properties of these extrudates to assess their suitability as either bioplastic feedstocks or pelletized animal feeds.

text: Single screw extruder performance characteristics during processing of corn protein blends During the last decade, the global biofuels industry has experienced exponential growth. By-products such as distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) have grown in parallel. DDGS is primarily an animal feed, but it has also been shown to be suitable as a biopolymer. In this study, the extrusion processing behaviour of DDGS was evaluated. Prior to processing, water was added to DDGS at a level of 3 kg DDGS to 1.5 kg water (water at 50 parts per hundred (pph)). Additionally, a DDGS/water blend with 50 pph CaCO₃ was used as a tracer to determine residence time during processing. The blends were processed in a single screw autogenous extruder, which relied solely upon friction for dissipative heating. Two die plates were used: one consisted of 6 orifices equally spaced, 2 mm diameter each, with a total opening area of 18.85 mm²; the other consisted of multiple orifices (960 in total) arranged concentrically around the plate, with a diameter of 2.30 mm each, for a total opening area of 3988.45 mm². Processing began with DDGS blends without tracer; after reaching steady state, the tracer blend was introduced. Samples were collected every 5 sec during processing to determine extrudate changes over time. Extruder power consumption, mass flow rate, and temperature profile were determined during processing. Extrudates were analysed for Hunter colour (L-a-b) changes over time. Extrusion processing characteristics were highly influenced by the die opening area. Die exit temperatures ranged from room temperature (25°C) to more than 100°C, purely due to increased friction for the smaller die opening. Future work should characterize the mechanical properties of these extrudates to assess their suitability as either bioplastic feedstocks or pelletized animal feeds.

year: 2013

title: Street health: Practitioner service provision for Maori homeless people in Auckland

authors: Nikora, Linda Waimarie

abstract: Drawing insights from interviews with Maori homeless people, health professionals, and relevant local and international literatures, this chapter focuses on the provision of medical care to homeless people. In particular, we propose that health services orientate to accommodate the worldviews and circumstances of Maori homeless people. Below we consider colonialism and societal developments that have led to homelessness among Maori today. We then present a case study of ‘Grant’, which was compiled from common aspects of various Maori homeless people who access health services at the Auckland City Mission (ACM); an organisation with a long history of catering to the needs and hopes of dispossessed groups, providing food, clothing, advocacy, social and health services. The relational orientation of healthcare at the ACM is discussed, and leads to an exploration of ‘judgement-free service space’ for meeting client needs (cf., Trussell & Mair, 2010). Lastly, we focus on how health professionals can respond to the multiple healthcare needs of Maori homeless people, in partnership with social services.

text: Street health: Practitioner service provision for Maori homeless people in Auckland Drawing insights from interviews with Maori homeless people, health professionals, and relevant local and international literatures, this chapter focuses on the provision of medical care to homeless people. In particular, we propose that health services orientate to accommodate the worldviews and circumstances of Maori homeless people. Below we consider colonialism and societal developments that have led to homelessness among Maori today. We then present a case study of ‘Grant’, which was compiled from common aspects of various Maori homeless people who access health services at the Auckland City Mission (ACM); an organisation with a long history of catering to the needs and hopes of dispossessed groups, providing food, clothing, advocacy, social and health services. The relational orientation of healthcare at the ACM is discussed, and leads to an exploration of ‘judgement-free service space’ for meeting client needs (cf., Trussell & Mair, 2010). Lastly, we focus on how health professionals can respond to the multiple healthcare needs of Maori homeless people, in partnership with social services.

year: 2012-09