title: Tatua biosolids project

authors: Kandemulle Arachchilage, Samudu Manoj Kandemulla

abstract: This study investigates the potential of waste activated sludge (WAS) as a sustainable and cost-effective soil amendment for agricultural use. Through field trials, glasshouse experiments, and laboratory analyses, the research evaluates the effects of WAS on soil properties, plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and heavy metal content, comparing its performance with other organic amendments such as vermicast, chicken litter, and SustaiN™, a commercial fertilizer.
The findings reveal that WAS application significantly enhances plant growth and yield. It also improves soil fertility by increasing organic matter content and promoting root development, though its high mineralization and nitrification rates necessitate careful management to minimize nitrogen losses. Heavy metal analysis indicates that while WAS contains elevated levels of metals like chromium and lead, these remain within permissible limits and do not significantly impact plant uptake.
Cost analysis highlights WAS as the most economical option at $120/ha/yr, compared to significantly higher costs for other amendments. However, the study identifies gaps in understanding odour management, long-term environmental impacts, and the effects of WAS on livestock health, which warrant further investigation.
In conclusion, WAS demonstrates strong potential as a viable alternative to traditional fertilizers, offering a balance between cost-effectiveness, nutrient availability, and environmental sustainability. Future research should focus on long-term field trials, expanded crop studies, advanced nitrogen monitoring, and economic feasibility to optimize its use in diverse agricultural systems. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable soil amendments, providing valuable insights for farmers, policymakers, and researchers aiming to enhance agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental risks.

text: Tatua biosolids project This study investigates the potential of waste activated sludge (WAS) as a sustainable and cost-effective soil amendment for agricultural use. Through field trials, glasshouse experiments, and laboratory analyses, the research evaluates the effects of WAS on soil properties, plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and heavy metal content, comparing its performance with other organic amendments such as vermicast, chicken litter, and SustaiN™, a commercial fertilizer.
The findings reveal that WAS application significantly enhances plant growth and yield. It also improves soil fertility by increasing organic matter content and promoting root development, though its high mineralization and nitrification rates necessitate careful management to minimize nitrogen losses. Heavy metal analysis indicates that while WAS contains elevated levels of metals like chromium and lead, these remain within permissible limits and do not significantly impact plant uptake.
Cost analysis highlights WAS as the most economical option at $120/ha/yr, compared to significantly higher costs for other amendments. However, the study identifies gaps in understanding odour management, long-term environmental impacts, and the effects of WAS on livestock health, which warrant further investigation.
In conclusion, WAS demonstrates strong potential as a viable alternative to traditional fertilizers, offering a balance between cost-effectiveness, nutrient availability, and environmental sustainability. Future research should focus on long-term field trials, expanded crop studies, advanced nitrogen monitoring, and economic feasibility to optimize its use in diverse agricultural systems. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable soil amendments, providing valuable insights for farmers, policymakers, and researchers aiming to enhance agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental risks.

year: 2025

title: Data security assessment for organisations in Tonga

authors: Laulaupea'alu, Siuta

subjects: cloud computing

abstract: This paper summarises results from a data security assessment that was undertaken in Tonga in June and July 2016. The assessment investigated Tongan organisations and departments at the Government of Tonga to determine cybersecurity awareness and strategies. Issues analysed included methods of storing and protecting sensitive information, assessing vunerabiltities and threats encountered, and action to counteract cyberattacks on existing computer systems. This paper begins by explaining how the installation of fibre optic cable in Tonga brings advantages and disadvantages to the nation. The methodology describes the approach carried by the researcher to gather cybersecurity data from the survey participants. A SWOT analysis follows to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of this particular research. The survey findings are summarised in broad terms and then further discussed under general findings, positive findings and negative findings. The results of this research highlight some of the major areas that need to be addressed in Tonga. Computer systems are currently vunerable, and hackers are able to attack these systems from several different angles. This is something that has been noted by the Government of Tonga and steps are being taken to address the inadequacies.

text: Data security assessment for organisations in Tonga This paper summarises results from a data security assessment that was undertaken in Tonga in June and July 2016. The assessment investigated Tongan organisations and departments at the Government of Tonga to determine cybersecurity awareness and strategies. Issues analysed included methods of storing and protecting sensitive information, assessing vunerabiltities and threats encountered, and action to counteract cyberattacks on existing computer systems. This paper begins by explaining how the installation of fibre optic cable in Tonga brings advantages and disadvantages to the nation. The methodology describes the approach carried by the researcher to gather cybersecurity data from the survey participants. A SWOT analysis follows to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of this particular research. The survey findings are summarised in broad terms and then further discussed under general findings, positive findings and negative findings. The results of this research highlight some of the major areas that need to be addressed in Tonga. Computer systems are currently vunerable, and hackers are able to attack these systems from several different angles. This is something that has been noted by the Government of Tonga and steps are being taken to address the inadequacies.

year: 2018

title: Maori women and research: Researching ourselves

authors: Te Awekotuku, Ngahuia

subjects: Maori

abstract: This was the closing keynote address at the Student Symposium organized by the Maori &
Psychology Research Unit at the University of Waikato, Hamilton in August 1999. Most of the
people attending were Maori, and female, and I spoke to, for, and about us. The speech was
transcribed from an oral address with transparencies, and has been revised here for this
publication.

text: Maori women and research: Researching ourselves This was the closing keynote address at the Student Symposium organized by the Maori &
Psychology Research Unit at the University of Waikato, Hamilton in August 1999. Most of the
people attending were Maori, and female, and I spoke to, for, and about us. The speech was
transcribed from an oral address with transparencies, and has been revised here for this
publication.

year: 1999