title: Production of soya milk containing low flatulence-causing oligosaccharides in a packed bed reactor using immobilised α-galactosidase

authors: Rajan, Anila

subjects: flatulence

abstract: Peanut α-galactosidase was immobilised in calcium alginate beads and used to hydrolyse the flatulence-causing oligosaccharides, raffinose and stachyose, in soya milk in batch and in packed bed reactor with recycle. The immobilised enzyme exhibited a slightly lower activity than the free enzyme. The activity yield of immobilised  -galactosidase was 75.1% and the immobilisation yield was 82.6%. Batch hydrolysis using immobilised enzyme at 55 °C resulted in 96% reduction in the oligosaccharides after 12 h. For the continuous process, a packed bed reactor with recycle was used. More than 98% of the oligosaccharides were hydrolysed after 6 h of reaction at 55 °C. The immobilised enzyme also proved to be stable up to three repeated hydrolysis reactions.

text: Production of soya milk containing low flatulence-causing oligosaccharides in a packed bed reactor using immobilised α-galactosidase Peanut α-galactosidase was immobilised in calcium alginate beads and used to hydrolyse the flatulence-causing oligosaccharides, raffinose and stachyose, in soya milk in batch and in packed bed reactor with recycle. The immobilised enzyme exhibited a slightly lower activity than the free enzyme. The activity yield of immobilised  -galactosidase was 75.1% and the immobilisation yield was 82.6%. Batch hydrolysis using immobilised enzyme at 55 °C resulted in 96% reduction in the oligosaccharides after 12 h. For the continuous process, a packed bed reactor with recycle was used. More than 98% of the oligosaccharides were hydrolysed after 6 h of reaction at 55 °C. The immobilised enzyme also proved to be stable up to three repeated hydrolysis reactions.

year: 2010-08

title: Easy over: A 3-week mid-semester trial flipping a practical paper

authors: Scott, Jonathan B.

abstract: `Flipping the classroom’ means replacing the standard lecture with additional hands-on learning — tutorials or labs. We are preparing short, focused videos covering the same material previously delivered as lectures, to become assigned take-home viewing. We plan to flip a period of 3 weeks in a first-year paper that is already intensely practical and handson. A previous move to online tutorials (“eTutorials”) resulted in better learning and the students appreciated the flexibility. Will the same happen with “eLectures”? This presentation will describe our plan and the process undertaken to develop flip videos in the context of an electronics course. We will share some examples of our videos and describe the experience. We may speculate on the outcome.

text: Easy over: A 3-week mid-semester trial flipping a practical paper `Flipping the classroom’ means replacing the standard lecture with additional hands-on learning — tutorials or labs. We are preparing short, focused videos covering the same material previously delivered as lectures, to become assigned take-home viewing. We plan to flip a period of 3 weeks in a first-year paper that is already intensely practical and handson. A previous move to online tutorials (“eTutorials”) resulted in better learning and the students appreciated the flexibility. Will the same happen with “eLectures”? This presentation will describe our plan and the process undertaken to develop flip videos in the context of an electronics course. We will share some examples of our videos and describe the experience. We may speculate on the outcome.

year: 2015

title: Dendroarchaeology in New Zealand: extending the range of archaeologically useful species beyond kauri (Agathis australis)

authors: Boswijk, Gretel

abstract: Accurately establishing calendar dates for Māori wooden objects would place them in a secure temporal context and enable aspects of manufacturing and use to be explored within and between sites, and across time. Dendrochronology has the potential to produce accurate and precise calendar dates for wooden artefacts but in New Zealand application of this technique to Māori cultural material is limited as there is almost no overlap between wood species found in archaeological contexts and tree-species with proven suitability for tree-ring dating. Here we identify five archaeologically-useful species – kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides), matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia), miro (Prumnopitys ferruginea), rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum) and totara (Podocarpus totara) – and assess their potential for dendrochronology. Of these, matai, miro and totara are identified as species that should be the subject of further comprehensive dendrochronological investigation.

text: Dendroarchaeology in New Zealand: extending the range of archaeologically useful species beyond kauri (Agathis australis) Accurately establishing calendar dates for Māori wooden objects would place them in a secure temporal context and enable aspects of manufacturing and use to be explored within and between sites, and across time. Dendrochronology has the potential to produce accurate and precise calendar dates for wooden artefacts but in New Zealand application of this technique to Māori cultural material is limited as there is almost no overlap between wood species found in archaeological contexts and tree-species with proven suitability for tree-ring dating. Here we identify five archaeologically-useful species – kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides), matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia), miro (Prumnopitys ferruginea), rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum) and totara (Podocarpus totara) – and assess their potential for dendrochronology. Of these, matai, miro and totara are identified as species that should be the subject of further comprehensive dendrochronological investigation.

year: 2019