title: Settling of bentonite in gelatine solutions

authors: Shamshudin, Rashid

abstract: New Zealand has a sizeable meat by-products processing industry, associated with significant aqueous effluent called stickwater.  Stickwater has a biological oxygen demand of 50-150 g O₂/l and has to be treated prior to disposal.  Currently, stickwater is dried and added to meat and bone meal in some inedible meat rendering plants. In edible rendering plants, the gelatin can be removed and the remaining broth is concentrated as a flavor enhancer. Where no further unit operations are carried out on stickwater, the stickwater must be treated to reduce the BOD. A medium size meat rendering plant in NZ can produce up to 30,000 L of stickwater at 2-5% solids 
per day¹. In Hamilton, waste water treatment costs NZ$0.90 per kg solids  or approximately NZ$1350 per day. In comparison, abattoir waste treatment costs NZ$ 0.23/kg in the US.²

text: Settling of bentonite in gelatine solutions New Zealand has a sizeable meat by-products processing industry, associated with significant aqueous effluent called stickwater.  Stickwater has a biological oxygen demand of 50-150 g O₂/l and has to be treated prior to disposal.  Currently, stickwater is dried and added to meat and bone meal in some inedible meat rendering plants. In edible rendering plants, the gelatin can be removed and the remaining broth is concentrated as a flavor enhancer. Where no further unit operations are carried out on stickwater, the stickwater must be treated to reduce the BOD. A medium size meat rendering plant in NZ can produce up to 30,000 L of stickwater at 2-5% solids 
per day¹. In Hamilton, waste water treatment costs NZ$0.90 per kg solids  or approximately NZ$1350 per day. In comparison, abattoir waste treatment costs NZ$ 0.23/kg in the US.²

year: 2011

title: John Squirrell: a farmer and storekeeper who mined (briefly) at Te Aroha

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: An English merchant’s clerk, some years after his wife’s death John Squirrell brought his sister and daughters to New Zealand to settle in the new Shaftesbury settlement, upriver from Te Aroha. His letters to English relatives provided details of their experiments with growing a variety of produce, which they sold locally or sent to the Auckland. He also took over a store, running it with the assistance of one of his daughters and struggling to obtain payment from customers before refusing to sell on credit. A leading member of the small Shaftesbury community, he did his best to assist its development.
In 1888 a blacksmith and sometime miner, James Munro, convinced him to prospect ground in the Tui portion of the goldfield. Again, his letters provided details of their amateur and short-term, unprofitable efforts; lacking capital to open up their ground, it was soon abandoned. His investments in Waiorongomai mines were equally unprofitable.
In 1892 Squirrell acquired land at another settlement, at Gordon, further upriver. He struggled to develop this farm, and was involved in conflicts with other members of the settlement, especially after he became secretary of the association. He continued to farm elsewhere, and became involved in early dairy companies, again becoming caught up in controversy.
A man holding strong opinions on a variety of topics, and very willing to express them, he regarded himself as a radical but opposed the Liberal Government. In his personal life he had to cope with two daughters suffering from mental problems, one of them being admitted to the asylum. He spent all his life attempting to provide for his family, only attaining a modest standard of living.

text: John Squirrell: a farmer and storekeeper who mined (briefly) at Te Aroha An English merchant’s clerk, some years after his wife’s death John Squirrell brought his sister and daughters to New Zealand to settle in the new Shaftesbury settlement, upriver from Te Aroha. His letters to English relatives provided details of their experiments with growing a variety of produce, which they sold locally or sent to the Auckland. He also took over a store, running it with the assistance of one of his daughters and struggling to obtain payment from customers before refusing to sell on credit. A leading member of the small Shaftesbury community, he did his best to assist its development.
In 1888 a blacksmith and sometime miner, James Munro, convinced him to prospect ground in the Tui portion of the goldfield. Again, his letters provided details of their amateur and short-term, unprofitable efforts; lacking capital to open up their ground, it was soon abandoned. His investments in Waiorongomai mines were equally unprofitable.
In 1892 Squirrell acquired land at another settlement, at Gordon, further upriver. He struggled to develop this farm, and was involved in conflicts with other members of the settlement, especially after he became secretary of the association. He continued to farm elsewhere, and became involved in early dairy companies, again becoming caught up in controversy.
A man holding strong opinions on a variety of topics, and very willing to express them, he regarded himself as a radical but opposed the Liberal Government. In his personal life he had to cope with two daughters suffering from mental problems, one of them being admitted to the asylum. He spent all his life attempting to provide for his family, only attaining a modest standard of living.

year: 2016

title: Effective teaching for indigenous and minoritized students

authors: Bishop, Russell

subjects: effective teaching profile

abstract: Te Kotahitanga is a kaupapa Māori research and professional development project currently operating in 33 mainstream secondary schools. This project was developed in response to the ongoing problem of educational disparities for Māori students, one of New Zealand's most pressing educational issues. From initial conversations with Maori students, their families, their principals and their teachers about what constituted effective teaching understandings and practice for Maori students, we developed an Effective Teaching Profile. This Profile is central to the professional development work that has been implemented in Te Kotahitanga schools with notable increases in a range of outcomes for Maori students.

text: Effective teaching for indigenous and minoritized students Te Kotahitanga is a kaupapa Māori research and professional development project currently operating in 33 mainstream secondary schools. This project was developed in response to the ongoing problem of educational disparities for Māori students, one of New Zealand's most pressing educational issues. From initial conversations with Maori students, their families, their principals and their teachers about what constituted effective teaching understandings and practice for Maori students, we developed an Effective Teaching Profile. This Profile is central to the professional development work that has been implemented in Te Kotahitanga schools with notable increases in a range of outcomes for Maori students.

year: 2010