title: Talking the talk: New Zealanders remember the Vietnam War

authors: Challinor, Deborah A.

abstract: From 1964 to 1972, almost 4,000 New Zealand military personnel served in Vietnam, most in an active combat role. The war was a politically and socially divisive issue for New Zealanders in general, but it can be argued that its greatest impact has been on the veterans themselves. This thesis will establish, analyse and explain what some of these New Zealander remember about the Vietnam War, why they remember it this way, and what the factors are which may have influenced this. Oral testimony has been chosen as the main form of evidence.

The thesis is divided into a detailed discussion of the methodology used in relation to the collection and analysis of the oral testimonies, a short introduction to some of the New Zealand Vietnam veterans interviewed, ten chapters which present the evidence, and a final section which analyses the evidence and suggests conclusions. References to the Australian and American experiences during and after Vietnam are made where relevant to provide a comparative element and to establish context.

Chapter One is an introduction to the origins, components and commemoration of New Zealand’s military traditions from the Boer War to the conflicts in Malaya and Borneo during the 1950s and 1960s. Chapter Two summarises the political and diplomatic rationale for New Zealand’s involvement in Vietnam and the military contribution that New Zealand made. Chapters Three to Eight recount why New Zealanders went to Vietnam and what they found there, allied relationships, the culture of the New Zealand soldier in Vietnam, the experience of combat and associated psychological and behavioural responses, and coping and stress release mechanisms including the use of alcohol, sex and aggression. Chapter Nine relates the experiences of veterans when they returned home, and Chapter Ten is a discussion of how the Vietnam War is remembered in New Zealand today. Much of the analysis of the evidence is presented in the final section, as are some conclusions.

Although only a small percentage of the New Zealanders who served in Vietnam are represented here, some patterns relating to how and why they remember Vietnam can be established. It is suggested that several versions of New Zealand’s traditional military mythology have had a significant impact in relation to some veterans’ motivations for going to war, what they experienced during their service and, in particular, the experience of coming home. The mythologies of the American and Australian experiences of Vietnam may also be an influencing factor. This thesis is intended to offer a brief glimpse of the dynamic relationship between the above factors and the process and construction of memory.

text: Talking the talk: New Zealanders remember the Vietnam War From 1964 to 1972, almost 4,000 New Zealand military personnel served in Vietnam, most in an active combat role. The war was a politically and socially divisive issue for New Zealanders in general, but it can be argued that its greatest impact has been on the veterans themselves. This thesis will establish, analyse and explain what some of these New Zealander remember about the Vietnam War, why they remember it this way, and what the factors are which may have influenced this. Oral testimony has been chosen as the main form of evidence.

The thesis is divided into a detailed discussion of the methodology used in relation to the collection and analysis of the oral testimonies, a short introduction to some of the New Zealand Vietnam veterans interviewed, ten chapters which present the evidence, and a final section which analyses the evidence and suggests conclusions. References to the Australian and American experiences during and after Vietnam are made where relevant to provide a comparative element and to establish context.

Chapter One is an introduction to the origins, components and commemoration of New Zealand’s military traditions from the Boer War to the conflicts in Malaya and Borneo during the 1950s and 1960s. Chapter Two summarises the political and diplomatic rationale for New Zealand’s involvement in Vietnam and the military contribution that New Zealand made. Chapters Three to Eight recount why New Zealanders went to Vietnam and what they found there, allied relationships, the culture of the New Zealand soldier in Vietnam, the experience of combat and associated psychological and behavioural responses, and coping and stress release mechanisms including the use of alcohol, sex and aggression. Chapter Nine relates the experiences of veterans when they returned home, and Chapter Ten is a discussion of how the Vietnam War is remembered in New Zealand today. Much of the analysis of the evidence is presented in the final section, as are some conclusions.

Although only a small percentage of the New Zealanders who served in Vietnam are represented here, some patterns relating to how and why they remember Vietnam can be established. It is suggested that several versions of New Zealand’s traditional military mythology have had a significant impact in relation to some veterans’ motivations for going to war, what they experienced during their service and, in particular, the experience of coming home. The mythologies of the American and Australian experiences of Vietnam may also be an influencing factor. This thesis is intended to offer a brief glimpse of the dynamic relationship between the above factors and the process and construction of memory.

year: 1998

title: Visualisation of semantic enrichment

authors: Schlegel, Alexa

subjects: computer science

abstract: Automatically creating semantic enrichments for text may lead to annotations that allow for excellent recall but poor precision. Manual enrichment is potentially more targeted, leading to greater precision. We aim to support nonexperts in manually enriching texts with semantic annotations. Neither the visualisation of semantic enrichment nor the process of manually enriching texts has been evaluated before. This paper presents the results of our user study on visualisation of text enrichment during the annotation process. We performed extensive analysis of work related to the visualisation of semantic annotations. In a prototype implementation, we then explored two layout alternatives for visualising semantic annotations and their linkage to the text atoms. Here we summarise and discuss our results and their design implications for tools creating semantic annotations.

text: Visualisation of semantic enrichment Automatically creating semantic enrichments for text may lead to annotations that allow for excellent recall but poor precision. Manual enrichment is potentially more targeted, leading to greater precision. We aim to support nonexperts in manually enriching texts with semantic annotations. Neither the visualisation of semantic enrichment nor the process of manually enriching texts has been evaluated before. This paper presents the results of our user study on visualisation of text enrichment during the annotation process. We performed extensive analysis of work related to the visualisation of semantic annotations. In a prototype implementation, we then explored two layout alternatives for visualising semantic annotations and their linkage to the text atoms. Here we summarise and discuss our results and their design implications for tools creating semantic annotations.

year: 2012

title: He Paiaka Totara: Māori Psychologists Wānanga, report to Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga

authors: Waitoki, Waikaremoana

abstract: Sustainability for the growing number of Māori psychologists depends on a resilient system that reflects the centrality of Māori knowledge, tikanga, kawa and moemoea. Paiaka refers to whakapapa, identity, roots and connectedness. As Māori psychologists how we might use this term with Māori whānau and each other differs according to our own unique skills and abilities - our pūmanawa. (He Paiaka wānanga, August, 29, 2015).

text: He Paiaka Totara: Māori Psychologists Wānanga, report to Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga Sustainability for the growing number of Māori psychologists depends on a resilient system that reflects the centrality of Māori knowledge, tikanga, kawa and moemoea. Paiaka refers to whakapapa, identity, roots and connectedness. As Māori psychologists how we might use this term with Māori whānau and each other differs according to our own unique skills and abilities - our pūmanawa. (He Paiaka wānanga, August, 29, 2015).

year: 2016