title: Relating bridge analysis for heat exchanger network retrofit identification to retrofit design

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

abstract: The aim of the paper is to improve a recently developed automated HEN retrofit targeting method by linking the shapes of the Exchanger Shifted Composite Curve (ESCC) and Exchanger Grand Composite Curve (EGCC) to the required HEN retrofit design measures. The automated HEN retrofit targeting method is based on Bridge Analysis, which identifies new and existing utility paths for energy saving through the enhancement and/or addition of heat exchanger area and the installation of new exchangers. To build the required understanding, generic cases are analysed, one of which is presented. Links between the Exchanger Composite Curves with the required HEN retrofit design are established. The analysis concludes that the Heat Surplus-Deficit Cascade for some recovery exchangers may be divided two sections – Pinched and non-Pinched sections – to better represent and identify the number and type of modifications that a retrofit opportunity will require.

text: Relating bridge analysis for heat exchanger network retrofit identification to retrofit design The aim of the paper is to improve a recently developed automated HEN retrofit targeting method by linking the shapes of the Exchanger Shifted Composite Curve (ESCC) and Exchanger Grand Composite Curve (EGCC) to the required HEN retrofit design measures. The automated HEN retrofit targeting method is based on Bridge Analysis, which identifies new and existing utility paths for energy saving through the enhancement and/or addition of heat exchanger area and the installation of new exchangers. To build the required understanding, generic cases are analysed, one of which is presented. Links between the Exchanger Composite Curves with the required HEN retrofit design are established. The analysis concludes that the Heat Surplus-Deficit Cascade for some recovery exchangers may be divided two sections – Pinched and non-Pinched sections – to better represent and identify the number and type of modifications that a retrofit opportunity will require.

year: 2018

title: Introduction

authors: Mitchell, Linda

abstract: This special issue of the Waikato Journal of Education offers three thought provoking examinations of recent research relevant to early childhood education (ECE) policy. These range from a big picture view of the changing nature of New Zealand’s kindergarten provision to a close up of one kindergarten that has collaborated with other agencies to combine parent education and support and early childhood education. Complementing the two New Zealand articles, a third from an Australian research study explores the multiple challenges in working in an integrated way across professional boundaries. These are articles for teachers, managers, and policy analysts who are interested in leading developments for offering a holistic early years curriculum.

text: Introduction This special issue of the Waikato Journal of Education offers three thought provoking examinations of recent research relevant to early childhood education (ECE) policy. These range from a big picture view of the changing nature of New Zealand’s kindergarten provision to a close up of one kindergarten that has collaborated with other agencies to combine parent education and support and early childhood education. Complementing the two New Zealand articles, a third from an Australian research study explores the multiple challenges in working in an integrated way across professional boundaries. These are articles for teachers, managers, and policy analysts who are interested in leading developments for offering a holistic early years curriculum.

year: 2012

title: The peopling and development of Aotearoa New Zealand: A demographic history, 1769-2020

authors: Pool, Ian

subjects: Aotearoa

abstract: This unpublished manuscript is the first demographic history of Aotearoa New Zealand, integrating 250 years of Māori and non-Māori data. It explores how development, in the broadest social, cultural and economic sense drove population changes, but was in turn driven by demographic factors. Based on extensively referenced research and analysis, the timeline starts with the earliest European settlement and finishes with the multicultural and aging society of the first decades of the twenty-first century.  It encompasses momentous changes, including: successive waves of migration, European settler demographic dominance occurring rapidly through natural increase, Māori nineteenth century cultural devastation and population decline, and twentieth-century resurgence, the Māori rural/urban exodus beginning in the 1940s, and the post-war non-Māori baby boom and baby bust. At each stage, this book demonstrates how profoundly the story of Aotearoa New Zealand is also the demographic story of its peopling.

text: The peopling and development of Aotearoa New Zealand: A demographic history, 1769-2020 This unpublished manuscript is the first demographic history of Aotearoa New Zealand, integrating 250 years of Māori and non-Māori data. It explores how development, in the broadest social, cultural and economic sense drove population changes, but was in turn driven by demographic factors. Based on extensively referenced research and analysis, the timeline starts with the earliest European settlement and finishes with the multicultural and aging society of the first decades of the twenty-first century.  It encompasses momentous changes, including: successive waves of migration, European settler demographic dominance occurring rapidly through natural increase, Māori nineteenth century cultural devastation and population decline, and twentieth-century resurgence, the Māori rural/urban exodus beginning in the 1940s, and the post-war non-Māori baby boom and baby bust. At each stage, this book demonstrates how profoundly the story of Aotearoa New Zealand is also the demographic story of its peopling.

year: 2026