title: Conclusion

authors: Zirker, Daniel

abstract: Two critical points are highlighted in this examination of what we have chosen to call "quasi-ethnic identities" in military establishments: First, that although the emergence of this phenomenon has been, at best, gradual and incomplete, it has been increasingly aided by a global learning curve; and second, that its goal or strategy, the strengthening of military autonomy and bargaining power, includes the further isolation and alienation of the military from mainstream society, and hence from democratic practices. As to the first point, information exchange is now so rapid and so pervasive that even a relatively remote military establishment such as that of Guinea or Suriname can be fully aware within hours of developments in "military organizational engineering" across the globe. Of the cases in this volume, only Guinea, Tanzania and Algeria have fully established independently "invented" military cultures, the "quasi-ethnicities" that are the subject of this book. Of those, only Guinea has thus far been able to use its development to establish a largely separate, autonomous and independent military organization for purposes of bargaining, and maintaining a unified military position, and been able to maintain a relatively healthy budget and avoid the civil wars, albeit through a protracted military dictatorship, that have beset all of its West African neighbors.

text: Conclusion Two critical points are highlighted in this examination of what we have chosen to call "quasi-ethnic identities" in military establishments: First, that although the emergence of this phenomenon has been, at best, gradual and incomplete, it has been increasingly aided by a global learning curve; and second, that its goal or strategy, the strengthening of military autonomy and bargaining power, includes the further isolation and alienation of the military from mainstream society, and hence from democratic practices. As to the first point, information exchange is now so rapid and so pervasive that even a relatively remote military establishment such as that of Guinea or Suriname can be fully aware within hours of developments in "military organizational engineering" across the globe. Of the cases in this volume, only Guinea, Tanzania and Algeria have fully established independently "invented" military cultures, the "quasi-ethnicities" that are the subject of this book. Of those, only Guinea has thus far been able to use its development to establish a largely separate, autonomous and independent military organization for purposes of bargaining, and maintaining a unified military position, and been able to maintain a relatively healthy budget and avoid the civil wars, albeit through a protracted military dictatorship, that have beset all of its West African neighbors.

year: 2015

title: ACT and Food Craving in a Non-Clinical Population

authors: Tritt, Jacqueline

subjects: ACT

abstract: A food craving is an intense urge to consume a desired food; the craving is specific and cannot be satiated by any other food. Forman and colleagues (2007) found, that for individuals with a Power of Food Scale score of 42 or higher, an acceptance-based workshop decreased an individual’s food craving and snack food consumption. I aimed to replicate Forman et al.’s (2007) findings using a single-subject multiple-baseline experimental design and expanded the food used in the study from chocolate to a range of preferred snack foods. Eleven participants completed the Power of Food Scale questionnaire, Food Craving Questionnaire-State version, daily single-item Craving Dimension ratings, and measured daily consumption snack food weights. Findings replicated Forman et al.’s (2007) results. When individual analysis was applied, a gender difference was suggested with male data displaying more change in consumption levels and craving ratings compared to the female consumption levels and craving ratings data.

text: ACT and Food Craving in a Non-Clinical Population A food craving is an intense urge to consume a desired food; the craving is specific and cannot be satiated by any other food. Forman and colleagues (2007) found, that for individuals with a Power of Food Scale score of 42 or higher, an acceptance-based workshop decreased an individual’s food craving and snack food consumption. I aimed to replicate Forman et al.’s (2007) findings using a single-subject multiple-baseline experimental design and expanded the food used in the study from chocolate to a range of preferred snack foods. Eleven participants completed the Power of Food Scale questionnaire, Food Craving Questionnaire-State version, daily single-item Craving Dimension ratings, and measured daily consumption snack food weights. Findings replicated Forman et al.’s (2007) results. When individual analysis was applied, a gender difference was suggested with male data displaying more change in consumption levels and craving ratings compared to the female consumption levels and craving ratings data.

year: 2015

title: Important lessons for trust governance from trusts that benefit New Zealand's Indigenous Maori – Recent developments

authors: Manyam, Joel

abstract: The landmark New Zealand Court of Appeal decision in New Zealand Maori Council v AttorneyGeneral [1987] 1 NZLR 641[SOE Case] marked a watershed in New Zealand's jurisprudence concerning the relationship between the Government of New Zealand('the Crown') and the indigenous Maori peoples of New Zealand. Very recently , New Zealand's highest Court, the Supreme Court in its decision in New Zealand Maori Council v Attorney-General[2013] 3 NZLR 31 referred to the SOE case as follows:
'The SOE case by the Court of Appeal is a judgment of great authority and importance to the law concerning the relationship between the Crown and Maori" (emphasis added)[S3].

text: Important lessons for trust governance from trusts that benefit New Zealand's Indigenous Maori – Recent developments The landmark New Zealand Court of Appeal decision in New Zealand Maori Council v AttorneyGeneral [1987] 1 NZLR 641[SOE Case] marked a watershed in New Zealand's jurisprudence concerning the relationship between the Government of New Zealand('the Crown') and the indigenous Maori peoples of New Zealand. Very recently , New Zealand's highest Court, the Supreme Court in its decision in New Zealand Maori Council v Attorney-General[2013] 3 NZLR 31 referred to the SOE case as follows:
'The SOE case by the Court of Appeal is a judgment of great authority and importance to the law concerning the relationship between the Crown and Maori" (emphasis added)[S3].

year: 2015