title: Towards the digital music library: tune retrieval from acoustic input

authors: McNab, Rodger J.

subjects: computer science

abstract: Music is traditionally retrieved by title, composer or subject classification. It is possible, with current technology, to retrieve music from a database on the basis of a few notes sung or hummed into a microphone. This paper describes the implementation of such a system, and discusses several issues pertaining to music retrieval. We first describe an interface that transcribes acoustic input into standard music notation. We then analyze string matching requirements from ranked retrieval of music and present the results of an experiment which tests how accurately people sing well known melodies. The performance of several string matching criteria are analyzed using two folk song databases. Finally, we describe a prototype system which has been developed for retrieval of tunes from acoustic input.

text: Towards the digital music library: tune retrieval from acoustic input Music is traditionally retrieved by title, composer or subject classification. It is possible, with current technology, to retrieve music from a database on the basis of a few notes sung or hummed into a microphone. This paper describes the implementation of such a system, and discusses several issues pertaining to music retrieval. We first describe an interface that transcribes acoustic input into standard music notation. We then analyze string matching requirements from ranked retrieval of music and present the results of an experiment which tests how accurately people sing well known melodies. The performance of several string matching criteria are analyzed using two folk song databases. Finally, we describe a prototype system which has been developed for retrieval of tunes from acoustic input.

year: 1995-10

title: Biology of mustelids: reviews and future directions

authors: Mcdonald, Robbie A.

subjects: Carnivora

abstract: The mustelidae is the largest and most diverse family of the Carnivora. The family is unified by an ancestral long-thin body plan, and the physical, physiological and ecological consequences this has for them. Yet within the family, even within species, life history patterns can be surprisingly variable. From the world’s smallest carnivore, the Weasel (Mustela nivalis), the family ranges almost a thousand-fold in weight to the Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris). Whereas Stoats (Mustela ermine)rank among the most numerous of carnivores and are common throughout the northern Holarctic, Black-footed Ferrets (M. nigripes)live at the brink of extinction, supported only by high-profile reintroductions.

text: Biology of mustelids: reviews and future directions The mustelidae is the largest and most diverse family of the Carnivora. The family is unified by an ancestral long-thin body plan, and the physical, physiological and ecological consequences this has for them. Yet within the family, even within species, life history patterns can be surprisingly variable. From the world’s smallest carnivore, the Weasel (Mustela nivalis), the family ranges almost a thousand-fold in weight to the Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris). Whereas Stoats (Mustela ermine)rank among the most numerous of carnivores and are common throughout the northern Holarctic, Black-footed Ferrets (M. nigripes)live at the brink of extinction, supported only by high-profile reintroductions.

year: 2000

title: Speaking the unspoken: Racism, sport and Māori

authors: Hippolite, Holly Raima

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: In this paper, we consider the silence that surrounds issues of racism in New Zealand sport. We argue that the intersection of two key ideologies – New Zealand’s purported history of good race relations, and the positive contribution that sport is believed to make to racial equality – contribute to a culture of silence in which it is difficult to talk about, let alone discuss constructively, Māori experiences of racism. Our aim is to put the issue on the agenda through engagement with ten experienced Māori sport participants, coaches and administrators whose experiences demonstrate the existence of, and pain caused by, cultural and institutional racism in New Zealand sport. In this aim, we do not seek to hide behind a veil of neutrality or objectivity. Rather, following a kaupapa Māori research approach, our interest is in bringing to light the voices, frustrations and concerns of Māori sportspeople in order to contribute to a much-needed conversation.

text: Speaking the unspoken: Racism, sport and Māori In this paper, we consider the silence that surrounds issues of racism in New Zealand sport. We argue that the intersection of two key ideologies – New Zealand’s purported history of good race relations, and the positive contribution that sport is believed to make to racial equality – contribute to a culture of silence in which it is difficult to talk about, let alone discuss constructively, Māori experiences of racism. Our aim is to put the issue on the agenda through engagement with ten experienced Māori sport participants, coaches and administrators whose experiences demonstrate the existence of, and pain caused by, cultural and institutional racism in New Zealand sport. In this aim, we do not seek to hide behind a veil of neutrality or objectivity. Rather, following a kaupapa Māori research approach, our interest is in bringing to light the voices, frustrations and concerns of Māori sportspeople in order to contribute to a much-needed conversation.

year: 2010