title: Supervision of Maori doctoral students: A descriptive report

authors: McKinley, Elizabeth

subjects: Maori education

abstract: This report follows up a previous paper that outlined the goals and plans of a research project that focused on both theoretical and cultural questions regarding the supervisory process for Māori doctoral students (McKinley, Grant, Middleton, Irwin, & Williams, 2007). The major goal of the project is to enhance understanding of the teaching and learning process of supervision for students and supervisors, particularly around issues of culture that arise in research methodologies and practices. This paper reports on the completed project by providing further operational background, design features, the nature of the student and supervisor samples and a summary of interview findings. The results show that there are indeed distinctive issues arising within the supervision of Māori doctoral students. Some of these are to do with both pleasures and challenges found in the supervision relationship, while others relate to the kinds of projects the students undertake. Many projects for example, push at the disciplinary boundaries of Western knowledge and are often rooted in a political desire to enhance the everyday lives of Māori. Yet others are connected to identity formation processes that concern many Māori during their years as doctoral students. A central message for supervisors from this work is that the supervision of Māori doctoral students may require unfamiliar forms of engagement but that these are likely to be deeply rewarding in many different ways.

text: Supervision of Maori doctoral students: A descriptive report This report follows up a previous paper that outlined the goals and plans of a research project that focused on both theoretical and cultural questions regarding the supervisory process for Māori doctoral students (McKinley, Grant, Middleton, Irwin, & Williams, 2007). The major goal of the project is to enhance understanding of the teaching and learning process of supervision for students and supervisors, particularly around issues of culture that arise in research methodologies and practices. This paper reports on the completed project by providing further operational background, design features, the nature of the student and supervisor samples and a summary of interview findings. The results show that there are indeed distinctive issues arising within the supervision of Māori doctoral students. Some of these are to do with both pleasures and challenges found in the supervision relationship, while others relate to the kinds of projects the students undertake. Many projects for example, push at the disciplinary boundaries of Western knowledge and are often rooted in a political desire to enhance the everyday lives of Māori. Yet others are connected to identity formation processes that concern many Māori during their years as doctoral students. A central message for supervisors from this work is that the supervision of Māori doctoral students may require unfamiliar forms of engagement but that these are likely to be deeply rewarding in many different ways.

year: 2009

title: !!!FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH!!!

authors: Smith, Hugh Lyal

subjects: Poetry

abstract: My title is “FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH”, a play on the saying “freedom of speech”. I write with the intent of voicing tough subjects that others haven’t or don’t, and often exposing things that I wouldn’t tell or share personally. “FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH” consists of 37 poems, 2 hooks and a chorus in this complete album. My earliest piece can date back to 2020 with the latest pieces being written in 2021. They express different visions of day-to-day life through points of view and alternating voices and perspectives. The topics range from anything like seeing a face in the smudge on a wall, to things like love, street styles and why I can’t sleep at night. They are to be read left to right, top to bottom -- but feel free to read them as you see fit, because it’s art after all and what you see is what you see. Those labelled “Mirrored” have been turned upside down to allow reading from either end and show the extent of form and variety my pieces can take. Some things may be explicit or hard to read, but I assure you that they are just certain views from different angles that I believe need to be shared. There is a strong political/cultural component to my mahi, a tough vocal attack on elements of society I believe are flawed and unjust, and an exposure of the addictions and abuses that colonial history and racial inequality lead to – but there’s also an intense celebration of the power of the Māori voice that remains, its beat and pride and resilience and ancestry, joined by a rich musical joy in the songs of the street I grew up in, their rhythms and rap, energy and power. It has taken me a long time to reach this level of writing in terms of technique, rhythm and content. I want the reader to see things through my shades and feel what it feels like to be me with an understanding of why I am and where I come from. To understand that, No, I don’t know everything, and I don’t expect anyone else to. But, Yes, this is what I saw, felt and how I interpreted it. So there it is and this is me, the bro Hugh. A lit ūrikā descendant of Ngāti Kuri, Ngāti Rēhia, Te Rārawa, Te Aupōuri and Ngāpuhi. Bred in the streets I-roam and made home. A dreamer of the future. Last but not least, your son, your brother, your bro and he who wrote the killer book that you are about to read. Churrr!!!

text: !!!FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH!!! My title is “FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH”, a play on the saying “freedom of speech”. I write with the intent of voicing tough subjects that others haven’t or don’t, and often exposing things that I wouldn’t tell or share personally. “FR33D0M 0FF SP33CH” consists of 37 poems, 2 hooks and a chorus in this complete album. My earliest piece can date back to 2020 with the latest pieces being written in 2021. They express different visions of day-to-day life through points of view and alternating voices and perspectives. The topics range from anything like seeing a face in the smudge on a wall, to things like love, street styles and why I can’t sleep at night. They are to be read left to right, top to bottom -- but feel free to read them as you see fit, because it’s art after all and what you see is what you see. Those labelled “Mirrored” have been turned upside down to allow reading from either end and show the extent of form and variety my pieces can take. Some things may be explicit or hard to read, but I assure you that they are just certain views from different angles that I believe need to be shared. There is a strong political/cultural component to my mahi, a tough vocal attack on elements of society I believe are flawed and unjust, and an exposure of the addictions and abuses that colonial history and racial inequality lead to – but there’s also an intense celebration of the power of the Māori voice that remains, its beat and pride and resilience and ancestry, joined by a rich musical joy in the songs of the street I grew up in, their rhythms and rap, energy and power. It has taken me a long time to reach this level of writing in terms of technique, rhythm and content. I want the reader to see things through my shades and feel what it feels like to be me with an understanding of why I am and where I come from. To understand that, No, I don’t know everything, and I don’t expect anyone else to. But, Yes, this is what I saw, felt and how I interpreted it. So there it is and this is me, the bro Hugh. A lit ūrikā descendant of Ngāti Kuri, Ngāti Rēhia, Te Rārawa, Te Aupōuri and Ngāpuhi. Bred in the streets I-roam and made home. A dreamer of the future. Last but not least, your son, your brother, your bro and he who wrote the killer book that you are about to read. Churrr!!!

year: 2021

title: Optimising the drying process for grape (Vitis vinifera L.) using pre-treatments to maximise quality retention

authors: Nguyen, Tuan Minh

subjects: Grapes

abstract: Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is a valuable fruit, but highly perishable as it has high water and sugar content. Drying grape is an option for shelf-life extension. Reducing moisture content can prevent micro-organism growth, deteriorative reactions and reduce weight and volume of the product. After drying, dried grape, so called raisin, represents a rich source of carbohydrate and organic compounds in concentration, especially phenolic compounds that are beneficial for consumers’ health. However, the commercial practice of using chemicals for pre-drying treatment such as potassium carbonate has raised concern about food safety. 
The research reported here aimed to examine an alternative method to increase drying effectiveness, while avoiding potassium carbonate use. Five pre-drying treatments (2% olive oil blanching, 2.5% K2CO3 plus 2% olive oil dipped, needled, halved and no-treatment control) were compared at two drying temperatures of 60 °C and 70 °C. The drying characteristics and appropriate models were investigated. Product quality including colour, pH, total soluble solids and acidity, total phenolic contents were assessed.
The results show that drying time of oil blanched-grapes was reduced by 42% at drying temperature of 60 °C and 50% at drying temperature of 70 °C compared to chemical treatment and more than 60% compared to the no-treatment control. The oil blanching treatment retained the highest total phenolic content and it is applicable into food processing. Statistical indicators (determination coefficient, sum square error and root mean squared error) showed the Logarithmic model best described the drying kinetics for all treatments.
Additional research is needed to test the convective drying method with a thick bed layer in order to scale up into industry. The low-cost oils such as canola, sun flower oils should also be examined to reduce the application of olive oil.

text: Optimising the drying process for grape (Vitis vinifera L.) using pre-treatments to maximise quality retention Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is a valuable fruit, but highly perishable as it has high water and sugar content. Drying grape is an option for shelf-life extension. Reducing moisture content can prevent micro-organism growth, deteriorative reactions and reduce weight and volume of the product. After drying, dried grape, so called raisin, represents a rich source of carbohydrate and organic compounds in concentration, especially phenolic compounds that are beneficial for consumers’ health. However, the commercial practice of using chemicals for pre-drying treatment such as potassium carbonate has raised concern about food safety. 
The research reported here aimed to examine an alternative method to increase drying effectiveness, while avoiding potassium carbonate use. Five pre-drying treatments (2% olive oil blanching, 2.5% K2CO3 plus 2% olive oil dipped, needled, halved and no-treatment control) were compared at two drying temperatures of 60 °C and 70 °C. The drying characteristics and appropriate models were investigated. Product quality including colour, pH, total soluble solids and acidity, total phenolic contents were assessed.
The results show that drying time of oil blanched-grapes was reduced by 42% at drying temperature of 60 °C and 50% at drying temperature of 70 °C compared to chemical treatment and more than 60% compared to the no-treatment control. The oil blanching treatment retained the highest total phenolic content and it is applicable into food processing. Statistical indicators (determination coefficient, sum square error and root mean squared error) showed the Logarithmic model best described the drying kinetics for all treatments.
Additional research is needed to test the convective drying method with a thick bed layer in order to scale up into industry. The low-cost oils such as canola, sun flower oils should also be examined to reduce the application of olive oil.

year: 2017