title: Total site methodology as a tool for planning and strategic decisions

authors: Nemet, Andreja

subjects: Electricity production

abstract: A Total Site (TS) is defined as a set of processes (industrial plants, residential, business and agriculture units) linked through the central utility system. The utility system incorporates a number of operating units such as boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines and letdown stations. Many sites are using the TS system representation. Heat Integration at TS level has been well developed and successfully implemented. However, sites typically develop with time and even minor changes/extensions can affect TS heat recovery significantly. It is beneficial to plan their strategic development in advance, to increase or at least not to decrease the rate of heat recovery when integration of additional processes takes place. Even when this has not been done at the initial stage, the TS methodology can still be used as a tool for the strategic planning decision making. This work illustrates how the TS methodology can contribute to the strategic development and the extension planning of already existing TS. The aim is to reveal the potentials for Heat Integration, when new units or processes are considered for the inclusion in the TS. Moreover, some operating parameters (e.g. temperature or capacity) of the unit can be proposed to achieve the best possible heat recovery. The degrees of freedom for TS changes can be on two levels: (i) only adding an operating unit to the current utility system (the Total Site Profiles remain the same) or (ii) changing of the TS by including more processes (the Total Site Profiles are changed). The first group of changes includes the integration of heat engines to produce electricity utilising heat at higher temperature and returning it to the system at lower temperature, which is still acceptable for the heat recovery and simultaneously for the electricity production. The second group of changes is more complex. For evaluating these changes a plus/minus principle is developed allowing the most beneficial integration of new units to the TS. Combinations of both types of changes are also considered.

text: Total site methodology as a tool for planning and strategic decisions A Total Site (TS) is defined as a set of processes (industrial plants, residential, business and agriculture units) linked through the central utility system. The utility system incorporates a number of operating units such as boilers, steam turbines, gas turbines and letdown stations. Many sites are using the TS system representation. Heat Integration at TS level has been well developed and successfully implemented. However, sites typically develop with time and even minor changes/extensions can affect TS heat recovery significantly. It is beneficial to plan their strategic development in advance, to increase or at least not to decrease the rate of heat recovery when integration of additional processes takes place. Even when this has not been done at the initial stage, the TS methodology can still be used as a tool for the strategic planning decision making. This work illustrates how the TS methodology can contribute to the strategic development and the extension planning of already existing TS. The aim is to reveal the potentials for Heat Integration, when new units or processes are considered for the inclusion in the TS. Moreover, some operating parameters (e.g. temperature or capacity) of the unit can be proposed to achieve the best possible heat recovery. The degrees of freedom for TS changes can be on two levels: (i) only adding an operating unit to the current utility system (the Total Site Profiles remain the same) or (ii) changing of the TS by including more processes (the Total Site Profiles are changed). The first group of changes includes the integration of heat engines to produce electricity utilising heat at higher temperature and returning it to the system at lower temperature, which is still acceptable for the heat recovery and simultaneously for the electricity production. The second group of changes is more complex. For evaluating these changes a plus/minus principle is developed allowing the most beneficial integration of new units to the TS. Combinations of both types of changes are also considered.

year: 2012

title: Memory and History and William Morris’s Medievalism

authors: Ullal, Kathleen

subjects: subjectivity

abstract: Memory and history are at the core of the human condition. A deep concern for the human condition is at the heart of the work and ideas of the Victorian polymath William Morris. Morris abhorred the degraded state he believed to exist for so many in his own society and he worked long and hard for the greater part of his life to help create a more egalitarian world. This thesis explores the centrality of memory and history in three important works from the beginning, middle and end of Morris’s career. Its purpose is to show that in Morris’s persistent return to these themes he was seeking a new ontological awareness, one that might be generated from an exploration, through his literary art, of the social phenomena that shape memory and history, and thereby our lives. Such an awareness might lead to an identification of the changes that might make possible his egalitarian vision of all people living a life of enrichment rather than one shaped by the impoverishment he deemed existed for so many. I consider too the importance of his changing choice of literary genre in working towards that goal. Informing the thesis overall is Morris’s intense love of the Middle Ages, such that his medievalism is central to understanding how and why his works still resonate and engage with individuals and social structures in the twenty-first century.

text: Memory and History and William Morris’s Medievalism Memory and history are at the core of the human condition. A deep concern for the human condition is at the heart of the work and ideas of the Victorian polymath William Morris. Morris abhorred the degraded state he believed to exist for so many in his own society and he worked long and hard for the greater part of his life to help create a more egalitarian world. This thesis explores the centrality of memory and history in three important works from the beginning, middle and end of Morris’s career. Its purpose is to show that in Morris’s persistent return to these themes he was seeking a new ontological awareness, one that might be generated from an exploration, through his literary art, of the social phenomena that shape memory and history, and thereby our lives. Such an awareness might lead to an identification of the changes that might make possible his egalitarian vision of all people living a life of enrichment rather than one shaped by the impoverishment he deemed existed for so many. I consider too the importance of his changing choice of literary genre in working towards that goal. Informing the thesis overall is Morris’s intense love of the Middle Ages, such that his medievalism is central to understanding how and why his works still resonate and engage with individuals and social structures in the twenty-first century.

year: 2010

title: Contextualising social enterprise in New Zealand

authors: Grant, Suzanne Lisa Parker

subjects: business enterprise

abstract: Purpose – Social enterprise in New Zealand is still in its infancy, with no recognised framework to inform knowledge of current or future developments. In this exploratory paper, the aim is to consider four influences which are shaping the development of social enterprise in New Zealand.

Design/methodology/approach – A critical-appreciative lens utilising Habermas' concepts of the lifeworld and system informs the consideration of these influences.

Findings – Four distinct cultural and historical influences are proposed as contributing to the scope and “flavour” of social enterprise developing in New Zealand: socio-cultural norms, e.g. “Kiwi ingenuity”; the neoliberal reforms initiated by successive governments during the 1980s; Crown settlements in relation to breaches of the principles of 1840 Treaty of Waitangi; New Zealanders' as international citizens.

Originality/value – The paper shows how feedback and dialogue across the sectors, at local, national and international levels, is now required to determine how other scholars, practitioners and policy makers perceive this proposed initial framework.

text: Contextualising social enterprise in New Zealand Purpose – Social enterprise in New Zealand is still in its infancy, with no recognised framework to inform knowledge of current or future developments. In this exploratory paper, the aim is to consider four influences which are shaping the development of social enterprise in New Zealand.

Design/methodology/approach – A critical-appreciative lens utilising Habermas' concepts of the lifeworld and system informs the consideration of these influences.

Findings – Four distinct cultural and historical influences are proposed as contributing to the scope and “flavour” of social enterprise developing in New Zealand: socio-cultural norms, e.g. “Kiwi ingenuity”; the neoliberal reforms initiated by successive governments during the 1980s; Crown settlements in relation to breaches of the principles of 1840 Treaty of Waitangi; New Zealanders' as international citizens.

Originality/value – The paper shows how feedback and dialogue across the sectors, at local, national and international levels, is now required to determine how other scholars, practitioners and policy makers perceive this proposed initial framework.

year: 2008