title: Preliminary analysis of boat electrofishing in the Waikato River in the vicinity of the Huntly Power Station: Part 1 - fishing on 2 September 2013

authors: Hicks, Brendan J.

subjects: Huntly Power station

abstract: This report gives a basic summary of the first sampling of a three-part monitoring project for Genesis Power Ltd (Genesis) that the University of Waikato is undertaking in close collaboration with National Institute of Water and Environmental Research Institute Atmosphere Ltd (NIWA), Hamilton, Boat electrofishing results will eventually be combined with netting undertaken by NIWA in a final report to Genesis. The boat electrofishing survey took place on 2 September, the objective of which was to undertake the first of three surveys to estimate fish distributions and abundances over key seasons:
1.	Early spring 2013 (end August/early September) to target peak trout abundances and cyprinid distributions during cooler months of the year.
2.	Summer 2014 (Jan/February) to capture peak summer abundances for target indigenous and exotic species.
3.	Winter 2014 (June/July) to target mullet and cyprinid distributions during cooler months of the year.
At the surveyed reach is about 80 km from the sea, and at this point the Waikato River is a 7th order river with at a bed elevation of about 19.1 m above sea level. The catchment area upstream is 12,188 km², and the river has a mean flow of 352.3 m³ s⁻¹ and a mean annual low flow of 123.5 m³ s⁻¹ (Freshwater Fish Database Assistant version 6.1, I.G. Jowett).

text: Preliminary analysis of boat electrofishing in the Waikato River in the vicinity of the Huntly Power Station: Part 1 - fishing on 2 September 2013 This report gives a basic summary of the first sampling of a three-part monitoring project for Genesis Power Ltd (Genesis) that the University of Waikato is undertaking in close collaboration with National Institute of Water and Environmental Research Institute Atmosphere Ltd (NIWA), Hamilton, Boat electrofishing results will eventually be combined with netting undertaken by NIWA in a final report to Genesis. The boat electrofishing survey took place on 2 September, the objective of which was to undertake the first of three surveys to estimate fish distributions and abundances over key seasons:
1.	Early spring 2013 (end August/early September) to target peak trout abundances and cyprinid distributions during cooler months of the year.
2.	Summer 2014 (Jan/February) to capture peak summer abundances for target indigenous and exotic species.
3.	Winter 2014 (June/July) to target mullet and cyprinid distributions during cooler months of the year.
At the surveyed reach is about 80 km from the sea, and at this point the Waikato River is a 7th order river with at a bed elevation of about 19.1 m above sea level. The catchment area upstream is 12,188 km², and the river has a mean flow of 352.3 m³ s⁻¹ and a mean annual low flow of 123.5 m³ s⁻¹ (Freshwater Fish Database Assistant version 6.1, I.G. Jowett).

year: 2013

title: A process for the development and application of simulation models in applied economics

authors: Doole, Graeme J.

subjects: modelling

abstract: Simulation models are widely used in applied economics to improve understanding of how a system could behave under different conditions. However, the potential degree to which such models can influence decision making depends on their ability to provide an adequate description of the important elements of a given problem. A systematic and robust procedure for the development and application of such models in agricultural, ecological, environmental and natural resource economics is presented. This process is based on the authors' experience across a broad range of model types and applications and extensive literature review. The practical impact of simulation models is argued to be greater where stakeholders and technical experts are consulted extensively throughout the modelling process.

text: A process for the development and application of simulation models in applied economics Simulation models are widely used in applied economics to improve understanding of how a system could behave under different conditions. However, the potential degree to which such models can influence decision making depends on their ability to provide an adequate description of the important elements of a given problem. A systematic and robust procedure for the development and application of such models in agricultural, ecological, environmental and natural resource economics is presented. This process is based on the authors' experience across a broad range of model types and applications and extensive literature review. The practical impact of simulation models is argued to be greater where stakeholders and technical experts are consulted extensively throughout the modelling process.

year: 2013

title: The effectiveness of the silent way method in the teaching of Maori as a second language

authors: Mataira, Katerina

abstract: The socio-linguistic survey of Benton (1979) provides evidence to show that the continued existence of the Maori language is seriously threatened.

The national Department of Education is implementing a policy of Maori language and culture studies in schools, but the scale and depth of this commitment is restricted by limited resources and expertise. The schools alone cannot stem the threat to the Maori language.

Harnessing the resources within Maori communities would appear to be a necessary step toward language maintenance. The most useful of these resources are the native speakers of the Maori language.
A community-based training programme aimed at equipping such people for the teaching of Maori as a second language would provide a much needed facility for both community and school.

The only teacher training programme presently available to native speakers of the language is a one year course offered through Teachers Colleges. Since only a select few can avail themselves of this opportunity, there is a need for an alternative training programme which will cater for greater numbers and release more teachers into the community.

A community-based, on the job, periodic training programme with minimal disruptions to family life and work commitments, would probably be preferred to a long-term, institutionalised, away-from-home programme. Initially, the training programme might need to be quite specific, i.e. native speakers might be initiated into the use of a particular language teaching method and programme which has been planned, tested and found to be suitable.

Given a highly specific programme, trainees might be able to start·teaching after an initial short course of a week. Thereafter, training sessions could be paced and spaced so that teachers could continue to grow in strength and expertise as their experience increased.

The quest for a suitable method has been the focus of my studies for four years. It has brought me to investigate both the conventional and unconventional approaches to foreign language teaching, along with their linguistic, psychological and pedagogical bases. Of these a method which strikes me as having considerable potential as a teaching tool in the hands of native speakers, is Gattegno's Silent Way approach.

The experiment described in this thesis is part of the total investigation. It is an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of the Silent Way as a teaching/learning instrument for second language acquisition. The teaching strategies of the Silent Way are measured against the opposing strategies of an eclectic approach.

Two Form I classes of randomly assigned pupils were used for the experiment. The Maori language was taught to Class S.W. using the Silent Way method, and to Class E. using an Eclectic method.

A total of 30 hours was used for the experiment, 20 hours for the language component and 10 hours for a culture component. Tests were administered to measure the achievement of subjects in the language areas of listening, speaking, writing and reading.

Significant differences between the groups were noted on all measures except on the measure for fluency. The children taught through the Silent Way method made significantly greater gains than the children taught through the Eclectic method.

text: The effectiveness of the silent way method in the teaching of Maori as a second language The socio-linguistic survey of Benton (1979) provides evidence to show that the continued existence of the Maori language is seriously threatened.

The national Department of Education is implementing a policy of Maori language and culture studies in schools, but the scale and depth of this commitment is restricted by limited resources and expertise. The schools alone cannot stem the threat to the Maori language.

Harnessing the resources within Maori communities would appear to be a necessary step toward language maintenance. The most useful of these resources are the native speakers of the Maori language.
A community-based training programme aimed at equipping such people for the teaching of Maori as a second language would provide a much needed facility for both community and school.

The only teacher training programme presently available to native speakers of the language is a one year course offered through Teachers Colleges. Since only a select few can avail themselves of this opportunity, there is a need for an alternative training programme which will cater for greater numbers and release more teachers into the community.

A community-based, on the job, periodic training programme with minimal disruptions to family life and work commitments, would probably be preferred to a long-term, institutionalised, away-from-home programme. Initially, the training programme might need to be quite specific, i.e. native speakers might be initiated into the use of a particular language teaching method and programme which has been planned, tested and found to be suitable.

Given a highly specific programme, trainees might be able to start·teaching after an initial short course of a week. Thereafter, training sessions could be paced and spaced so that teachers could continue to grow in strength and expertise as their experience increased.

The quest for a suitable method has been the focus of my studies for four years. It has brought me to investigate both the conventional and unconventional approaches to foreign language teaching, along with their linguistic, psychological and pedagogical bases. Of these a method which strikes me as having considerable potential as a teaching tool in the hands of native speakers, is Gattegno's Silent Way approach.

The experiment described in this thesis is part of the total investigation. It is an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of the Silent Way as a teaching/learning instrument for second language acquisition. The teaching strategies of the Silent Way are measured against the opposing strategies of an eclectic approach.

Two Form I classes of randomly assigned pupils were used for the experiment. The Maori language was taught to Class S.W. using the Silent Way method, and to Class E. using an Eclectic method.

A total of 30 hours was used for the experiment, 20 hours for the language component and 10 hours for a culture component. Tests were administered to measure the achievement of subjects in the language areas of listening, speaking, writing and reading.

Significant differences between the groups were noted on all measures except on the measure for fluency. The children taught through the Silent Way method made significantly greater gains than the children taught through the Eclectic method.

year: 1980