title: The PEAR Tool: evaluating portion sizes of food and beverages in food advertising to children using Google Street View

authors: Porter, Jessica

subjects: Children

abstract: Previous research has established where and what types of advertising are in children’s neighbourhoods. However, no prior research has evaluated the portion sizes in advertisements or how these compare with national dietary recommendations. This study aimed to evaluate portion sizes in advertising on bus shelters surrounding schools in Auckland, New Zealand using images captured on Google Street View. Portion sizes for 265 foods or beverages in 172 advertisements on bus shelters within 500 m of Auckland schools were analysed to determine the discrepancy with nutritional guidelines. School type, decile, distance from school boundary, Walk Score® and Transit Score were analysed. Advertised foods and beverages were exaggerated in all but one advertisement. The main findings demonstrate 1) advertised food and beverage products are enlarged, and 2) advertised portion sizes exceed those deemed appropriate in national nutrition guidelines. Stricter advertising policies with revised definitions are needed to improve the food environments surrounding schools.

text: The PEAR Tool: evaluating portion sizes of food and beverages in food advertising to children using Google Street View Previous research has established where and what types of advertising are in children’s neighbourhoods. However, no prior research has evaluated the portion sizes in advertisements or how these compare with national dietary recommendations. This study aimed to evaluate portion sizes in advertising on bus shelters surrounding schools in Auckland, New Zealand using images captured on Google Street View. Portion sizes for 265 foods or beverages in 172 advertisements on bus shelters within 500 m of Auckland schools were analysed to determine the discrepancy with nutritional guidelines. School type, decile, distance from school boundary, Walk Score® and Transit Score were analysed. Advertised foods and beverages were exaggerated in all but one advertisement. The main findings demonstrate 1) advertised food and beverage products are enlarged, and 2) advertised portion sizes exceed those deemed appropriate in national nutrition guidelines. Stricter advertising policies with revised definitions are needed to improve the food environments surrounding schools.

year: 2025

title: North Korea: Why this time is different, and the danger of success

authors: Steff, Reuben

abstract: After a year of rising tensions that saw North Korea accelerate its ballistic missile and nuclear weapons program, the diplomatic equation may have fundamentally changed in recent months. The first shock came in March, when US President Donald J. Trump agreed to meet with North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-Un.

text: North Korea: Why this time is different, and the danger of success After a year of rising tensions that saw North Korea accelerate its ballistic missile and nuclear weapons program, the diplomatic equation may have fundamentally changed in recent months. The first shock came in March, when US President Donald J. Trump agreed to meet with North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-Un.

year: 2018

title: Legal, business and comparative issues in mining and petroleum activity with respect to Māori matters

authors: Barton, Barry

abstract: In this paper I propose to do three things: to identify the very different implications of the different stages of the mining and the oil and gas sequence, to discuss the basics of the Crown Minerals Act and associated legislation, with particular reference to Māori interests, and to touch on a few points of comparison with Canada.

text: Legal, business and comparative issues in mining and petroleum activity with respect to Māori matters In this paper I propose to do three things: to identify the very different implications of the different stages of the mining and the oil and gas sequence, to discuss the basics of the Crown Minerals Act and associated legislation, with particular reference to Māori interests, and to touch on a few points of comparison with Canada.

year: 2014