title: Environmental Management in Micro and Small Tourism Enterprises: An Owner-manager Perspective

authors: Rainford, Sophie Elizabeth

subjects: Environmental Management

abstract: This thesis seeks to gain insight into environmental management implemented by micro and small tourism enterprises and explore levels of awareness and interest among owner-managers of micro and small tourism enterprises toward schemes aiming for the environmental improvement of business.  The research uncovers findings that elevate possibilities for reducing misinterpretation of terminology relative to sustainable tourism business.  This research seeks to understand why the suggested lack of sustainable tourism implementation remains evident in tourism.  Discussion from findings intends to draw attention to central themes relative to achieving research objectives and seeks to yield important information in the pursuit of sustainable tourism business.

A qualitative, semi-structured interview approach was used to gain in-depth and detailed perspectives from owner-managers of micro and small tourism enterprises.  Owner-managers interviewed were purposively chosen using non-probability sampling.  Selection was based on providing a variety of tourism businesses and physical business locations across the case study region.  Overall, findings suggest that owner-managers are implementing low levels of environmental management and have limited knowledge of what implementation of environmental management specifically involves, such as, how long it takes and how much it costs.  The underlying values of owner-managers demonstrate potential opportunities for further implementation of sustainable business practice.  In addition, owner-managers seemed to place importance in conducting business responsibly and having minimal impact on the environment so that quality of life remains for future generations.  Essentially, research findings aid in the understanding of why the suggested lack of sustainable tourism implementation remains evident in tourism and pose future avenues for research in the pursuit of sustainable tourism business.

text: Environmental Management in Micro and Small Tourism Enterprises: An Owner-manager Perspective This thesis seeks to gain insight into environmental management implemented by micro and small tourism enterprises and explore levels of awareness and interest among owner-managers of micro and small tourism enterprises toward schemes aiming for the environmental improvement of business.  The research uncovers findings that elevate possibilities for reducing misinterpretation of terminology relative to sustainable tourism business.  This research seeks to understand why the suggested lack of sustainable tourism implementation remains evident in tourism.  Discussion from findings intends to draw attention to central themes relative to achieving research objectives and seeks to yield important information in the pursuit of sustainable tourism business.

A qualitative, semi-structured interview approach was used to gain in-depth and detailed perspectives from owner-managers of micro and small tourism enterprises.  Owner-managers interviewed were purposively chosen using non-probability sampling.  Selection was based on providing a variety of tourism businesses and physical business locations across the case study region.  Overall, findings suggest that owner-managers are implementing low levels of environmental management and have limited knowledge of what implementation of environmental management specifically involves, such as, how long it takes and how much it costs.  The underlying values of owner-managers demonstrate potential opportunities for further implementation of sustainable business practice.  In addition, owner-managers seemed to place importance in conducting business responsibly and having minimal impact on the environment so that quality of life remains for future generations.  Essentially, research findings aid in the understanding of why the suggested lack of sustainable tourism implementation remains evident in tourism and pose future avenues for research in the pursuit of sustainable tourism business.

year: 2007

title: Trends and gaps

authors: Dix, Alan

subjects: Computer science

abstract: This chapter attempts to identify future research directions for formal methods in HCI. It does this using two main approaches. First, we will look at trends within HCI more broadly and the challenges these pose for formal methods. These trends in HCI are often themselves driven by external technical and societal change, for example the growth of maker/hacker culture and the increasing dependence of basic citizenship on digital technology, effectively establishing external requirements for the field. Second we will look inwards at the FoMHCI literature, the user interaction phenomena it is trying to address and the processes of interaction design it is intended to support. Through this second analysis we will identify internally generated trends. This does not lead to a single overarching research agenda, but does identify a number of critical areas and issues, and hence establishes opportunities for further research to expand the state of the art.

text: Trends and gaps This chapter attempts to identify future research directions for formal methods in HCI. It does this using two main approaches. First, we will look at trends within HCI more broadly and the challenges these pose for formal methods. These trends in HCI are often themselves driven by external technical and societal change, for example the growth of maker/hacker culture and the increasing dependence of basic citizenship on digital technology, effectively establishing external requirements for the field. Second we will look inwards at the FoMHCI literature, the user interaction phenomena it is trying to address and the processes of interaction design it is intended to support. Through this second analysis we will identify internally generated trends. This does not lead to a single overarching research agenda, but does identify a number of critical areas and issues, and hence establishes opportunities for further research to expand the state of the art.

year: 2017

title: Decolonising Midwifery Education in Aotearoa: A Case Study Approach

authors: Cleaver,  Deanne Lesley

subjects: Decolonisation

abstract: The bicultural nature of Aotearoa (New Zealand) creates a strong foundation for the unique environment that supports the weaving of indigenous knowledge throughout midwifery education, and in turn creating a platform for decolonisation. Te Tiriti o Waitangi/ The Treaty of Waitangi serves to inform the direction that midwifery education and midwifery practice must take by underpinning these frameworks.
The revised midwifery curriculum and reaccreditation that supported the immersion of Indigenous knowledge throughout the midwifery degree at Wintec is currently in its fifth year. It was identified that there needed to be a more explicit focus of cultural safety and responsiveness, therefore in support of this Mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge) was carefully embedded and linked to learning outcomes. This is in direct support of Te Tiriti o Waitangi and a move towards a Te Tiriti honouring programme. Topics that relate to tikanga Māori (customs), Te Ao Māori (Māori worldview) and Te Reo Māori (language) are respectfully taught, providing opportunities for understanding and growing competencies for midwifery tauira.  
Understanding colonisation in its global context alongside its role in the history of Aotearoa supported by Te Tiriti o Waitangi knowledge, is vital in the process of decolonisation. Tauira are encouraged to explore and reflect on these factors throughout their degree, supporting their growing cultural safety and awareness of relationships.  An anti-racism workshop in the final year of the degree adds another layer to the work of decolonisation and equips tauira with tools to be active in their allyship.
This personal and curricula journey empowers tauira to become culturally safe and responsive midwives, positively impacting the health of whānau Māori.
Through a case study approach the effectiveness of the interweaving of indigenous knowledge, Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Anti-Racism praxis will be explored, with the purpose of unpacking the learnings as a tool for social transformation within the process of decolonisation.
These changes promote the professional development of educators and the empowerment of tauira to uphold Indigenous rights, while providing care in partnership that is respectful. Decolonising Midwifery Education in Aotearoa: A Case Study approach’ will be explored and unpacked.

text: Decolonising Midwifery Education in Aotearoa: A Case Study Approach The bicultural nature of Aotearoa (New Zealand) creates a strong foundation for the unique environment that supports the weaving of indigenous knowledge throughout midwifery education, and in turn creating a platform for decolonisation. Te Tiriti o Waitangi/ The Treaty of Waitangi serves to inform the direction that midwifery education and midwifery practice must take by underpinning these frameworks.
The revised midwifery curriculum and reaccreditation that supported the immersion of Indigenous knowledge throughout the midwifery degree at Wintec is currently in its fifth year. It was identified that there needed to be a more explicit focus of cultural safety and responsiveness, therefore in support of this Mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge) was carefully embedded and linked to learning outcomes. This is in direct support of Te Tiriti o Waitangi and a move towards a Te Tiriti honouring programme. Topics that relate to tikanga Māori (customs), Te Ao Māori (Māori worldview) and Te Reo Māori (language) are respectfully taught, providing opportunities for understanding and growing competencies for midwifery tauira.  
Understanding colonisation in its global context alongside its role in the history of Aotearoa supported by Te Tiriti o Waitangi knowledge, is vital in the process of decolonisation. Tauira are encouraged to explore and reflect on these factors throughout their degree, supporting their growing cultural safety and awareness of relationships.  An anti-racism workshop in the final year of the degree adds another layer to the work of decolonisation and equips tauira with tools to be active in their allyship.
This personal and curricula journey empowers tauira to become culturally safe and responsive midwives, positively impacting the health of whānau Māori.
Through a case study approach the effectiveness of the interweaving of indigenous knowledge, Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Anti-Racism praxis will be explored, with the purpose of unpacking the learnings as a tool for social transformation within the process of decolonisation.
These changes promote the professional development of educators and the empowerment of tauira to uphold Indigenous rights, while providing care in partnership that is respectful. Decolonising Midwifery Education in Aotearoa: A Case Study approach’ will be explored and unpacked.

year: 2023