title: California’s Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) requires 33% renewable electricity generation by 2020 - Dream or Reality?

authors: Walmsley, Michael R.W.

abstract: Progress on California’s Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), which requires 33% of all retail electricity sales to be served by renewable energy sources by 2020, excluding large hydro, is reported in this paper. The emerging renewable electricity mix in California (CA) and surrounding states which form the Western Electricity Coordination Council (WECC) is analysed using the Carbon Emission Pinch Analysis (CEPA) and Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROI) methodologies. The reduction in emissions with increased renewables is illustrated and the challenge of maintaining high EROI levels for renewable generation is examined for low and high electricity demand growth. The role of the California government in facilitating progress towards a more sustainable renewable electricity future is also highlighted. The investigation shows that wind and solar PV collectively form an integral part of California reaching the 33% renewables target (excluding large hydro) by 2020. Government intervention of tax rebates and subsidies, net electricity metering and a four tiered electricity price has accelerated the uptake of renewable wind and solar PV. Residential uptake of solar PV is also reducing overall California electricity grid demand. Emphasis on new renewable generation is stimulating development of affordable wind and solar technology in California which has the added benefit of enhancing social sustainability through improved employment opportunities at a variety of technical levels.

text: California’s Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) requires 33% renewable electricity generation by 2020 - Dream or Reality? Progress on California’s Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), which requires 33% of all retail electricity sales to be served by renewable energy sources by 2020, excluding large hydro, is reported in this paper. The emerging renewable electricity mix in California (CA) and surrounding states which form the Western Electricity Coordination Council (WECC) is analysed using the Carbon Emission Pinch Analysis (CEPA) and Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROI) methodologies. The reduction in emissions with increased renewables is illustrated and the challenge of maintaining high EROI levels for renewable generation is examined for low and high electricity demand growth. The role of the California government in facilitating progress towards a more sustainable renewable electricity future is also highlighted. The investigation shows that wind and solar PV collectively form an integral part of California reaching the 33% renewables target (excluding large hydro) by 2020. Government intervention of tax rebates and subsidies, net electricity metering and a four tiered electricity price has accelerated the uptake of renewable wind and solar PV. Residential uptake of solar PV is also reducing overall California electricity grid demand. Emphasis on new renewable generation is stimulating development of affordable wind and solar technology in California which has the added benefit of enhancing social sustainability through improved employment opportunities at a variety of technical levels.

year: 2014-09-20

title: Research-informed curriculum and advancing innovative practices in work-integrated learning

authors: Zegwaard, Karsten E.

subjects: reflection

abstract: Work-integrated learning (WIL) continues to be seen as an important strategy for enhancing graduate employability. While work placements continue to be the dominant approach, there has been a focus on diversifying the types of WIL offerings in recent years, and in particular, the development of innovative models. This is partly in response to calls for universities to be more flexible and responsive in order to better cater for industry and student needs. This Special Issue, stemming from the 2018 Australian Collaborative Education Network National Conference, integrates a number of perspectives and approaches to WIL and employability, with a focus on innovative models, curriculum and research. A number of areas are identified as posing particular challenges and opportunities in WIL. These include: scaffolding of WIL through the curriculum; student preparation for WIL; wellbeing, resilience, persistence, and motivation; and developing quality measures of WIL. It is timely to develop and research more integrated and holistic approaches to WIL and other related areas such as employability and career development learning, both to account for the inherent complexity and diversity of WIL itself and to utilize the new research findings in the WIL literature.

text: Research-informed curriculum and advancing innovative practices in work-integrated learning Work-integrated learning (WIL) continues to be seen as an important strategy for enhancing graduate employability. While work placements continue to be the dominant approach, there has been a focus on diversifying the types of WIL offerings in recent years, and in particular, the development of innovative models. This is partly in response to calls for universities to be more flexible and responsive in order to better cater for industry and student needs. This Special Issue, stemming from the 2018 Australian Collaborative Education Network National Conference, integrates a number of perspectives and approaches to WIL and employability, with a focus on innovative models, curriculum and research. A number of areas are identified as posing particular challenges and opportunities in WIL. These include: scaffolding of WIL through the curriculum; student preparation for WIL; wellbeing, resilience, persistence, and motivation; and developing quality measures of WIL. It is timely to develop and research more integrated and holistic approaches to WIL and other related areas such as employability and career development learning, both to account for the inherent complexity and diversity of WIL itself and to utilize the new research findings in the WIL literature.

year: 2019

title: Whakahokia te reo ki tōna taioretanga: He rautaki reo mō Waikato-Tainui

authors: Roa, Raukura

subjects: Whakaora reo

abstract: Ko te kaupapa o tēnei pepa, ko te whakatakoto i tētehi mahere rautaki hei whakakaha, hei whakapakari i te reo Māori o te iwi o Waikato-Tainui. Ehara tēnei i te pepa wetewete i te rautaki whakaora reo, ehara hoki i te pepa tātari i ngā rautaki whakaora reo o te ao. Engari ia, he pepa whakatakoto i ōku whakaaro mō tētehi huarahi e ora ai te reo o Waikato-Tainui. Kei te rārangi whakapuakanga ētehi rauemi i toro atu ai au, heoi, kāore i āta tātarihia mō tēnei pepa. Nō reira, e rima ngā wāhanga o tēnei pepa. Ko te wāhanga tuatahi, he whakakaupapa i tēnei rautaki. Ko te wāhanga tuarua, he whakamārama i ngā whakahaeretanga o te iwi. Ko te wāhanga tuatoru, he whakatakoto i ngā whāinga o te rautaki. Ko te wāhanga tuawhā, he whakatakoto i te mahere e tutuki ai ngā whāinga o te rautaki. Ka mutu he whakatakoto whakaaro atu anō kāore i whakauru ki roto i te rautaki.

text: Whakahokia te reo ki tōna taioretanga: He rautaki reo mō Waikato-Tainui Ko te kaupapa o tēnei pepa, ko te whakatakoto i tētehi mahere rautaki hei whakakaha, hei whakapakari i te reo Māori o te iwi o Waikato-Tainui. Ehara tēnei i te pepa wetewete i te rautaki whakaora reo, ehara hoki i te pepa tātari i ngā rautaki whakaora reo o te ao. Engari ia, he pepa whakatakoto i ōku whakaaro mō tētehi huarahi e ora ai te reo o Waikato-Tainui. Kei te rārangi whakapuakanga ētehi rauemi i toro atu ai au, heoi, kāore i āta tātarihia mō tēnei pepa. Nō reira, e rima ngā wāhanga o tēnei pepa. Ko te wāhanga tuatahi, he whakakaupapa i tēnei rautaki. Ko te wāhanga tuarua, he whakamārama i ngā whakahaeretanga o te iwi. Ko te wāhanga tuatoru, he whakatakoto i ngā whāinga o te rautaki. Ko te wāhanga tuawhā, he whakatakoto i te mahere e tutuki ai ngā whāinga o te rautaki. Ka mutu he whakatakoto whakaaro atu anō kāore i whakauru ki roto i te rautaki.

year: 2011