title: Gender and gender minority differences in workplace bullying within New Zealand organisations

authors: Hayman, Michelle

subjects: Workplace bullying

abstract: The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between gender, gender minority status and workplace bullying within organisations across New Zealand. The relationship between workplace bullying and workplace outcomes (intention to quit, well-being, psychological strain and physical health) was also assessed. In addition, gender minority was explored as a moderator to determine the impact on the relationship between workplace bullying and workplace outcomes. Participants were recruited from a participant pool volunteering their time with research software company, Qualtrics. The sample consisted of 2,424 respondents from five different industries (sales, education, healthcare, industrial and services) within New Zealand. 
Results demonstrated that gender is important in understanding workplace bullying, however being part of a gender minority did not have the same effect. Females working in a male dominated organisation reported significantly higher levels of workplace bullying but not vice versa. In addition, in line with previous research, workplace bullying had a direct relationship with workplace outcomes (intention to leave, psychological strain, physical health and well-being).  
Although this research determined only a partial relationship between gender minority status and workplace bullying, the research has provided critical information to researchers, practitioners and human resource managers in New Zealand for the understanding of workplace bullying as a gendered phenomenon. Further research regarding sociological minorities rather than numerical minorities is recommended in order to gain a further understanding of the influence ‘power’ has on workplace bullying.

text: Gender and gender minority differences in workplace bullying within New Zealand organisations The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between gender, gender minority status and workplace bullying within organisations across New Zealand. The relationship between workplace bullying and workplace outcomes (intention to quit, well-being, psychological strain and physical health) was also assessed. In addition, gender minority was explored as a moderator to determine the impact on the relationship between workplace bullying and workplace outcomes. Participants were recruited from a participant pool volunteering their time with research software company, Qualtrics. The sample consisted of 2,424 respondents from five different industries (sales, education, healthcare, industrial and services) within New Zealand. 
Results demonstrated that gender is important in understanding workplace bullying, however being part of a gender minority did not have the same effect. Females working in a male dominated organisation reported significantly higher levels of workplace bullying but not vice versa. In addition, in line with previous research, workplace bullying had a direct relationship with workplace outcomes (intention to leave, psychological strain, physical health and well-being).  
Although this research determined only a partial relationship between gender minority status and workplace bullying, the research has provided critical information to researchers, practitioners and human resource managers in New Zealand for the understanding of workplace bullying as a gendered phenomenon. Further research regarding sociological minorities rather than numerical minorities is recommended in order to gain a further understanding of the influence ‘power’ has on workplace bullying.

year: 2015

title: Sustainability assessment and comparison of efficacy of four P-inactivation agents for managing internal phosphorus loads in lakes: sediment incubations

authors: Gibbs, Max M.

subjects: lake restoration

abstract: A novel application of a continuous flow incubation system (CFIS) was used to assess four phosphorus (P) inactivation agents—alum, Phoslock™, a new modified zeolite (Z2G1 or Aqual-P™), and allophone—when used as sediment capping agents to manage internal P loads in lakes. The CFIS technique allowed combined efficacy and sustainability assessment, including: (1) flux measurements during simulation of stratified (anoxic) and mixed (aerobic) conditions on the same sediment through multiple cycles to assess the longevity of a range of product doses; (2) simulation of a summer algal bloom collapse and subsequent burial of the products; and (3) investigation of non-target effects on nitrification and denitrification processes at the sediment–water interface. Minimum P-removal dose rates were found to differ substantially at 80 g m⁻² for alum, 190 g m⁻² for Z2G1, 220 g m⁻² for allophane and 280 g m⁻² for Phoslock™, for similar capping layer thickness of about 2 mm, and would be effective for at least 4 years. All products temporarily suppressed nitrification and denitrification under aerobic conditions, and it may be important to minimise product application to any permanently aerobic zones, such as the littoral areas of a lake. While the aluminium (Al)-based products did not enhance Al fluxes in the CFIS, lanthanum (La) was released at a near constant rate of around 2 mg La m⁻² day⁻¹ from the Phoslock™ treatments over a period of at least 14 days. Spatial variability of sediment P, bioturbation, and burial are factors that will affect up-scaling these results to a whole lake.

text: Sustainability assessment and comparison of efficacy of four P-inactivation agents for managing internal phosphorus loads in lakes: sediment incubations A novel application of a continuous flow incubation system (CFIS) was used to assess four phosphorus (P) inactivation agents—alum, Phoslock™, a new modified zeolite (Z2G1 or Aqual-P™), and allophone—when used as sediment capping agents to manage internal P loads in lakes. The CFIS technique allowed combined efficacy and sustainability assessment, including: (1) flux measurements during simulation of stratified (anoxic) and mixed (aerobic) conditions on the same sediment through multiple cycles to assess the longevity of a range of product doses; (2) simulation of a summer algal bloom collapse and subsequent burial of the products; and (3) investigation of non-target effects on nitrification and denitrification processes at the sediment–water interface. Minimum P-removal dose rates were found to differ substantially at 80 g m⁻² for alum, 190 g m⁻² for Z2G1, 220 g m⁻² for allophane and 280 g m⁻² for Phoslock™, for similar capping layer thickness of about 2 mm, and would be effective for at least 4 years. All products temporarily suppressed nitrification and denitrification under aerobic conditions, and it may be important to minimise product application to any permanently aerobic zones, such as the littoral areas of a lake. While the aluminium (Al)-based products did not enhance Al fluxes in the CFIS, lanthanum (La) was released at a near constant rate of around 2 mg La m⁻² day⁻¹ from the Phoslock™ treatments over a period of at least 14 days. Spatial variability of sediment P, bioturbation, and burial are factors that will affect up-scaling these results to a whole lake.

year: 2010

title: Reflections on the renewal of music: a polemic

authors: Lodge, Martin

abstract: Pluralism has been accepted as the best broad working definition of the current cultural and artistic situation in the West for some time now. In New Zealand, the debate over 'biculturalism' versus 'multiculturalism' drones on. Commercially this is reflected in both 'market segmentation' and its opposite-attempts at 'cross-over'. Artistically, it has made 'bicultural' works fashionable, as creative
attempts are made to fuse various traditions together, especially the Maori and Western, and nowhere more so than in music. The key to making successful 'fusion' pieces seems to lie in first grasping the essential differences between the musics, then trying to resolve the clashes or accommodate friendly juxtapositions.

text: Reflections on the renewal of music: a polemic Pluralism has been accepted as the best broad working definition of the current cultural and artistic situation in the West for some time now. In New Zealand, the debate over 'biculturalism' versus 'multiculturalism' drones on. Commercially this is reflected in both 'market segmentation' and its opposite-attempts at 'cross-over'. Artistically, it has made 'bicultural' works fashionable, as creative
attempts are made to fuse various traditions together, especially the Maori and Western, and nowhere more so than in music. The key to making successful 'fusion' pieces seems to lie in first grasping the essential differences between the musics, then trying to resolve the clashes or accommodate friendly juxtapositions.

year: 1998