title: Will access to COVID-19 vaccine in Aotearoa be equitable for priority populations?

authors: Whitehead, Jesse

abstract: AIM: This research examines the equity implications of the geographic distribution of COVID-19 vaccine delivery locations in Aotearoa New Zealand under five potential scenarios: (1) stadium mega-clinics; (2) Community Based Assessment Centres; (3) GP clinics; (4) community pharmacies; and (5) schools.
METHOD: We mapped the distribution of Aotearoa New Zealand’s population and the location of potential vaccine delivery facilities under each scenario. Geostatistical techniques identified population clusters for Māori, Pacific peoples and people aged 65 years and over. We calculated travel times between all potential facilities and each Statistical Area 1 in the country. Descriptive statistics indicate the size and proportion of populations that could face significant travel barriers when accessing COVID-19 vaccinations.
RESULTS: Several areas with significant travel times to potential vaccine delivery sites were also communities identified as having an elevated risk of COVID-19 disease and severity. All potential scenarios for vaccine delivery, with the exception of schools, resulted in travel barriers for a substantial proportion of the population. Overall, these travel time barriers disproportionately burden Māori, older communities and people living in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation.
CONCLUSION: The equitable delivery of COVID-19 vaccines is key to an elimination strategy. However, if current health services and facilities are used without well-designed and supported outreach services, then access to vaccination is likely to be inequitable.

text: Will access to COVID-19 vaccine in Aotearoa be equitable for priority populations? AIM: This research examines the equity implications of the geographic distribution of COVID-19 vaccine delivery locations in Aotearoa New Zealand under five potential scenarios: (1) stadium mega-clinics; (2) Community Based Assessment Centres; (3) GP clinics; (4) community pharmacies; and (5) schools.
METHOD: We mapped the distribution of Aotearoa New Zealand’s population and the location of potential vaccine delivery facilities under each scenario. Geostatistical techniques identified population clusters for Māori, Pacific peoples and people aged 65 years and over. We calculated travel times between all potential facilities and each Statistical Area 1 in the country. Descriptive statistics indicate the size and proportion of populations that could face significant travel barriers when accessing COVID-19 vaccinations.
RESULTS: Several areas with significant travel times to potential vaccine delivery sites were also communities identified as having an elevated risk of COVID-19 disease and severity. All potential scenarios for vaccine delivery, with the exception of schools, resulted in travel barriers for a substantial proportion of the population. Overall, these travel time barriers disproportionately burden Māori, older communities and people living in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation.
CONCLUSION: The equitable delivery of COVID-19 vaccines is key to an elimination strategy. However, if current health services and facilities are used without well-designed and supported outreach services, then access to vaccination is likely to be inequitable.

year: 2021

title: What does 'Ethical Research'' look like? An indigenous perspective on big data & precision medicine

authors: Hudson, Maui

abstract: Southeast Native American Health Data (SENAHD) in partnership with Native BioData Consortium will host an online symposium about the ethical use of Indigenous genetic, environmental, biological, and cultural data. SENAHD is based at UNC Chapel Hill. Our partner, Native BioData Consortium is located on the Cheyanne River Sioux Reservation in South Dakota. NativeBio is one of the most important voices advocating for Indigenous health equity, data sovereignty, and ethical research practices. NativeBio is coming to the Southeast to recognize and include our region in important conversations taking place across Indian Country

text: What does 'Ethical Research'' look like? An indigenous perspective on big data & precision medicine Southeast Native American Health Data (SENAHD) in partnership with Native BioData Consortium will host an online symposium about the ethical use of Indigenous genetic, environmental, biological, and cultural data. SENAHD is based at UNC Chapel Hill. Our partner, Native BioData Consortium is located on the Cheyanne River Sioux Reservation in South Dakota. NativeBio is one of the most important voices advocating for Indigenous health equity, data sovereignty, and ethical research practices. NativeBio is coming to the Southeast to recognize and include our region in important conversations taking place across Indian Country

year: 2022

title: Bipenalty method from a frequency domain perspective

authors: Ilanko, Sinniah

subjects: bipenalty method

abstract: In a recent paper, it was shown that for time domain analysis, the simultaneous use of inertial and stiffness type penalty parameters to enforce constraints was found to yield accurate and converging results without causing any stability problems. From a frequency domain perspective, this is somewhat unexpected because the solution converges from below when stiffness penalty parameters are used to model constraints, and the convergence is from above when inertial penalty parameters are used. The purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of the simultaneous use of stiffness and inertial penalty parameters on the natural frequencies of constrained systems. In this work, it is shown that if suitably tuned, the bipenalty approach works well for frequency domain analysis also, and that with two different tuned set of stiffness and inertial penalty parameters, bounded solutions to the natural frequencies of constrained systems may be obtained. The method is applicable for any linear eigenvalue problem.

text: Bipenalty method from a frequency domain perspective In a recent paper, it was shown that for time domain analysis, the simultaneous use of inertial and stiffness type penalty parameters to enforce constraints was found to yield accurate and converging results without causing any stability problems. From a frequency domain perspective, this is somewhat unexpected because the solution converges from below when stiffness penalty parameters are used to model constraints, and the convergence is from above when inertial penalty parameters are used. The purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of the simultaneous use of stiffness and inertial penalty parameters on the natural frequencies of constrained systems. In this work, it is shown that if suitably tuned, the bipenalty approach works well for frequency domain analysis also, and that with two different tuned set of stiffness and inertial penalty parameters, bounded solutions to the natural frequencies of constrained systems may be obtained. The method is applicable for any linear eigenvalue problem.

year: 2013