title: Visual analogy in creative design: case study of fractals and crochet lace

authors: Cunningham, Sally Jo

subjects: computer science

abstract: One powerful technique for supporting creativity in design is analogy: drawing similarities between seemingly unrelated objects taken from different domain. A case study is presented in which fractal images serve as a source for novel crochet lace patterns. The human designer searches a potential design space by manipulating the parameters of fractal systems, and then translates portions of fractal forms to lacework. This approach to supporting innovation in design is compared with previous work based on formal modelling of the domain with generative grammars.

text: Visual analogy in creative design: case study of fractals and crochet lace One powerful technique for supporting creativity in design is analogy: drawing similarities between seemingly unrelated objects taken from different domain. A case study is presented in which fractal images serve as a source for novel crochet lace patterns. The human designer searches a potential design space by manipulating the parameters of fractal systems, and then translates portions of fractal forms to lacework. This approach to supporting innovation in design is compared with previous work based on formal modelling of the domain with generative grammars.

year: 1996-10

title: Teaching Social Skills to Children with Special Needs Using Video Modelling

authors: Turner, Amy

abstract: Video modelling was used to teach 4 different social skills to four children aged between 6 and 10 years. Two of the children had formal diagnosis for autism spectrum disorder, one child had a formal diagnosis of attention deficit disorder and displayed traits of autism, and one child was currently being diagnosed and displayed traits of autism. The 4 different social skills were greeting and small talk, initiation and responding to conversation and play, initiation for conversation and play, and turn taking. The aim of this study was to build on the current literature on the efficacy and usability of video modelling for teaching social skills to children with autism. A single-subject, multiple baseline design was used. The overall results showed that video modelling was effective as a resource for teaching social skills to children with autism spectrum disorder and other deficits. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed at the end.

text: Teaching Social Skills to Children with Special Needs Using Video Modelling Video modelling was used to teach 4 different social skills to four children aged between 6 and 10 years. Two of the children had formal diagnosis for autism spectrum disorder, one child had a formal diagnosis of attention deficit disorder and displayed traits of autism, and one child was currently being diagnosed and displayed traits of autism. The 4 different social skills were greeting and small talk, initiation and responding to conversation and play, initiation for conversation and play, and turn taking. The aim of this study was to build on the current literature on the efficacy and usability of video modelling for teaching social skills to children with autism. A single-subject, multiple baseline design was used. The overall results showed that video modelling was effective as a resource for teaching social skills to children with autism spectrum disorder and other deficits. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed at the end.

year: 2017

title: Educational leadership and Māori communities’ involvement in their children’s schooling

authors: McMillan, Hoana

subjects: Educational leadership

abstract: The leadership of state primary schools in New Zealand is made up of Board of Trustees (BoT) members and the principal who together, play an important role in addressing take Māori – Māori issues, to enable better outcomes for Māori achievement and empowering relationships with Māori communities.  However not all schools have met their professional responsibilities to provide a learning environment that promotes the success of their Māori students (Education Review Office, 2010) therefore an important question for Māori communities to contemplate is whether they need to take up a more active role in ensuring accountability from these parties, as well as actively contributing to efforts to ensure better outcomes for their children.
The case studies presented in this thesis examine two successful mainstream primary schools identified as doing well in terms of Māori achievement and empowering relationships with their Māori communities.  It explores the knowledge of Māori Board of Trustees Members (MBTMS) and also their perceptions of what Māori communities know regarding school leadership and policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities.  It also explores the knowledge of their school leadership in terms of leadership that works well with Māori communities, and how Māori communities might work alongside school leadership effectively.  The case studies were conducted in a kaupapa Māori framework where the collection and analysis of qualitative data included school documents, observations of Boards of Trustees (BoT) meetings, information about professional development relating to Māori achievement and or Māori communities, and semi-structured interviews with the MBTMS and principals.
The literature review highlighted the relationship between the role of principals and their knowledge of Māori perspectives toward meeting outcomes for Māori achievement and empowering relationships with Māori communities. It also highlighted the role of the BoT and the implications of ethnicity and of legislation toward meeting these outcomes.  Lastly it highlighted the evolution of whānau roles within education, and the ability of whānau to challenge school leadership towards meeting these outcomes.
The findings from the case studies indicate that the knowledge of MBTMS with regards to the roles of school leadership and policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities were consistent with the structure of partnerships within their school leadership.  The knowledge of school leadership across the case studies regarding leadership that works well with Māori communities is consistent with traditional whānau roles within education where there is emphasis on the well-being of Māori, creating the following conditions of school culture and climate within their schools – Whakamana Tangata – Acknowledging People, Whakamana Whānau – Acknowledging Family, Whakamana Tikanga, Acknowledging Protocol, Whakamana Reo – Acknowledging Language, Matauranga Māori – Knowledge of Māori worldviews, Pono – Trust, and Manaaki – Care.
The study suggests further research examining what Māori community members, beyond MTBMS, know about the role of school leadership and of policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities, and how Māori communities might envisage working alongside school leadership.  However, this study does offer a useful point of reflection and discussion for school leadership interested in improving their practice toward better outcomes for Māori.

text: Educational leadership and Māori communities’ involvement in their children’s schooling The leadership of state primary schools in New Zealand is made up of Board of Trustees (BoT) members and the principal who together, play an important role in addressing take Māori – Māori issues, to enable better outcomes for Māori achievement and empowering relationships with Māori communities.  However not all schools have met their professional responsibilities to provide a learning environment that promotes the success of their Māori students (Education Review Office, 2010) therefore an important question for Māori communities to contemplate is whether they need to take up a more active role in ensuring accountability from these parties, as well as actively contributing to efforts to ensure better outcomes for their children.
The case studies presented in this thesis examine two successful mainstream primary schools identified as doing well in terms of Māori achievement and empowering relationships with their Māori communities.  It explores the knowledge of Māori Board of Trustees Members (MBTMS) and also their perceptions of what Māori communities know regarding school leadership and policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities.  It also explores the knowledge of their school leadership in terms of leadership that works well with Māori communities, and how Māori communities might work alongside school leadership effectively.  The case studies were conducted in a kaupapa Māori framework where the collection and analysis of qualitative data included school documents, observations of Boards of Trustees (BoT) meetings, information about professional development relating to Māori achievement and or Māori communities, and semi-structured interviews with the MBTMS and principals.
The literature review highlighted the relationship between the role of principals and their knowledge of Māori perspectives toward meeting outcomes for Māori achievement and empowering relationships with Māori communities. It also highlighted the role of the BoT and the implications of ethnicity and of legislation toward meeting these outcomes.  Lastly it highlighted the evolution of whānau roles within education, and the ability of whānau to challenge school leadership towards meeting these outcomes.
The findings from the case studies indicate that the knowledge of MBTMS with regards to the roles of school leadership and policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities were consistent with the structure of partnerships within their school leadership.  The knowledge of school leadership across the case studies regarding leadership that works well with Māori communities is consistent with traditional whānau roles within education where there is emphasis on the well-being of Māori, creating the following conditions of school culture and climate within their schools – Whakamana Tangata – Acknowledging People, Whakamana Whānau – Acknowledging Family, Whakamana Tikanga, Acknowledging Protocol, Whakamana Reo – Acknowledging Language, Matauranga Māori – Knowledge of Māori worldviews, Pono – Trust, and Manaaki – Care.
The study suggests further research examining what Māori community members, beyond MTBMS, know about the role of school leadership and of policies and procedures relating to Māori achievement and Māori communities, and how Māori communities might envisage working alongside school leadership.  However, this study does offer a useful point of reflection and discussion for school leadership interested in improving their practice toward better outcomes for Māori.

year: 2012