title: Finite element modeling of lead acid batteries

authors: Foster, Geoffrey James

abstract: This thesis investigates the finite element method with regard to the macrohomogeneous theory for flooded porous electrochemical cells, more specifically lead-acid cells. One- and two-dimensional finite element models are developed for flooded porous electrochemical lead acid cells. Chapter One introduces the background of the technology of lead-acid batteries, theory fundamentals, previous mathematical models for lead acid batteries, and the reason for the work. Chapter Two develops Newman’s macrohomogeneous equations for flooded porous electrodes. Chapter Three details the finite element theory, and how it is used to solve time dependent coupled non-linear partial differential equations. Chapter Four applies finite element theory to one-dimensional macrohomogeneous equations that describe lead-acid batteries. The results of the model are compared to previously published papers utilising finite difference methods. In Chapter Five, the technique is extend to two-dimensions and is validated with previously published papers of models on lead-acid batteries.

text: Finite element modeling of lead acid batteries This thesis investigates the finite element method with regard to the macrohomogeneous theory for flooded porous electrochemical cells, more specifically lead-acid cells. One- and two-dimensional finite element models are developed for flooded porous electrochemical lead acid cells. Chapter One introduces the background of the technology of lead-acid batteries, theory fundamentals, previous mathematical models for lead acid batteries, and the reason for the work. Chapter Two develops Newman’s macrohomogeneous equations for flooded porous electrodes. Chapter Three details the finite element theory, and how it is used to solve time dependent coupled non-linear partial differential equations. Chapter Four applies finite element theory to one-dimensional macrohomogeneous equations that describe lead-acid batteries. The results of the model are compared to previously published papers utilising finite difference methods. In Chapter Five, the technique is extend to two-dimensions and is validated with previously published papers of models on lead-acid batteries.

year: 1998

title: A forward-looking measure of the stock of human capital in New Zealand

authors: Le, Trinh

subjects: human capital

abstract: Human capital is increasingly believed to play an important role in the growth process; however, adequately measuring its stock remains controversial. Because the estimated impact that human capital has on economic growth is sensitive to the measures or proxies of human capital, accurate and consistent measures are needed. While many measures of human capital have been developed, most rely on some proxy of educational experience and are thus plagued with limitations. In this study, we modify the lifetime labour income approach outlined by Jorgenson and Fraumeni (The Measurement of Savings, Investment and Wealth, Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1989, pp. 227–282; Output Measurement in the Services Sector, Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 303–338) to estimate the monetary value of the human capital stock for New Zealand. Based on data from the New Zealand Census of Population, we find that the country's working human capital grew by half between 1981 and 2001, mostly due to the rise in employment level. This stock of human capital was also well over double that of physical capital in all the census years studied.

text: A forward-looking measure of the stock of human capital in New Zealand Human capital is increasingly believed to play an important role in the growth process; however, adequately measuring its stock remains controversial. Because the estimated impact that human capital has on economic growth is sensitive to the measures or proxies of human capital, accurate and consistent measures are needed. While many measures of human capital have been developed, most rely on some proxy of educational experience and are thus plagued with limitations. In this study, we modify the lifetime labour income approach outlined by Jorgenson and Fraumeni (The Measurement of Savings, Investment and Wealth, Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1989, pp. 227–282; Output Measurement in the Services Sector, Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press, 1992, pp. 303–338) to estimate the monetary value of the human capital stock for New Zealand. Based on data from the New Zealand Census of Population, we find that the country's working human capital grew by half between 1981 and 2001, mostly due to the rise in employment level. This stock of human capital was also well over double that of physical capital in all the census years studied.

year: 2006

title: Initial report of the 2018 Census external data quality panel

authors: Bedford, Richard

abstract: One in six New Zealand residents did not complete a questionnaire for the 2018 New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings. This was largely due to operational failures that made it difficult for a significant number of individuals and households to access census questionnaires, and to fulfill their statutory duty to participate.

text: Initial report of the 2018 Census external data quality panel One in six New Zealand residents did not complete a questionnaire for the 2018 New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings. This was largely due to operational failures that made it difficult for a significant number of individuals and households to access census questionnaires, and to fulfill their statutory duty to participate.

year: 2019