title: Mechanical performance of Kraft fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: Influence of fibre length, fibre beating and hygrothermal ageing

authors: Pickering, Kim L.

subjects: A. Natural fibre composites

abstract: This paper describes the influence of fibre length, fibre beating and hygrothermal ageing on tensile strength (TS), Young’s modulus (YM), failure strain (FS) and impact strength (IS) of Kraft fibre reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. TS, YM and IS of composites were found to decrease and FS increased with decreasing fibre length. Modest levels of fibre beating increased the TS of composites, which is believed to be due to improved interfacial bonding. During hygrothermal ageing, the diffusion coefficient increased with increased ageing temperature. Composites without coupling agent showed higher water uptake and diffusion coefficient than those with coupling agent. TS and YM were found to decrease for hygrothermal ageing due to fibre damage and reduced fibre matrix interfacial bonding, whilst FS and IS were found to increase due to the plasticizing effect of water.

text: Mechanical performance of Kraft fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: Influence of fibre length, fibre beating and hygrothermal ageing This paper describes the influence of fibre length, fibre beating and hygrothermal ageing on tensile strength (TS), Young’s modulus (YM), failure strain (FS) and impact strength (IS) of Kraft fibre reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites. TS, YM and IS of composites were found to decrease and FS increased with decreasing fibre length. Modest levels of fibre beating increased the TS of composites, which is believed to be due to improved interfacial bonding. During hygrothermal ageing, the diffusion coefficient increased with increased ageing temperature. Composites without coupling agent showed higher water uptake and diffusion coefficient than those with coupling agent. TS and YM were found to decrease for hygrothermal ageing due to fibre damage and reduced fibre matrix interfacial bonding, whilst FS and IS were found to increase due to the plasticizing effect of water.

year: 2008

title: Reply to “Comment on ‘Evolution of energy-containing turbulent eddies in the solar wind’ by W. H. Matthaeus, S. Oughton, D. H. Pontius Jr., and Y. Zhou”

authors: Matthaeus, William H.

abstract: In their preceding comment on our paper [Matthaeus et al., 1994] (hereinafter reffered to as paper 1), Tu and Marsh [this issue] object vehemently to what they perceive as undeserved criticism of the class of solar wind turbulence models developed by Tu and coworkers[Tu et al., 1984, Tu, 1987, 1988]. Our intent was not to slight the valuable contributions made in those groundbreaking theories for incorporating turbulence into models for spatial transport. Rather, we wished to point out certain shortcomings in existing theories and suggest how they might be improved.

text: Reply to “Comment on ‘Evolution of energy-containing turbulent eddies in the solar wind’ by W. H. Matthaeus, S. Oughton, D. H. Pontius Jr., and Y. Zhou” In their preceding comment on our paper [Matthaeus et al., 1994] (hereinafter reffered to as paper 1), Tu and Marsh [this issue] object vehemently to what they perceive as undeserved criticism of the class of solar wind turbulence models developed by Tu and coworkers[Tu et al., 1984, Tu, 1987, 1988]. Our intent was not to slight the valuable contributions made in those groundbreaking theories for incorporating turbulence into models for spatial transport. Rather, we wished to point out certain shortcomings in existing theories and suggest how they might be improved.

year: 1995

title: Te Ahi Kā

authors: Temara, Pou

subjects: Ahi kā

abstract: Ko te urutaumatua o tēnei tuhinga, ko te matapaki i te ahi kā. He aha tēnei tikanga? I pēhea i ara ake ai? He aha ōna mātāpono, ōna taipitopito? Koia te tūāpapa mō te tuhinga nei. Tuarua, ko te wānanga i te tikanga Māori me ōna rerenga pērā i te whakapapa. Ko te pātai ka puta i tēnei wāhanga o te wānanga ko tēnei nā, he aha te wāhi o te whakapapa ki te ahi kā? Ko te ngako o tēnei tuhinga ko te wetewete i te tikanga ahi kā kia whai tikanga ai te whakataukī nei, ‘ko te ahi kā te mana o te hapū ki te whenua’.

text: Te Ahi Kā Ko te urutaumatua o tēnei tuhinga, ko te matapaki i te ahi kā. He aha tēnei tikanga? I pēhea i ara ake ai? He aha ōna mātāpono, ōna taipitopito? Koia te tūāpapa mō te tuhinga nei. Tuarua, ko te wānanga i te tikanga Māori me ōna rerenga pērā i te whakapapa. Ko te pātai ka puta i tēnei wāhanga o te wānanga ko tēnei nā, he aha te wāhi o te whakapapa ki te ahi kā? Ko te ngako o tēnei tuhinga ko te wetewete i te tikanga ahi kā kia whai tikanga ai te whakataukī nei, ‘ko te ahi kā te mana o te hapū ki te whenua’.

year: 2012-05