title: The Characteristics of Children who are Referred On from Reading Recovery

authors: Belgrave, Janice Elizabeth

subjects: characteristics of children

abstract: This study investigates the hypothesis that children who are Referred On (RO) from Reading Recovery (RR) may share certain learning and behavioural characteristics. These characteristics were investigated and compared to those identified by the researcher based on experience as a classroom teacher, and to seven characteristics identified by Al Otaiba and Fuchs (2002) in their meta-analysis of 23 studies which had focused on children unresponsive to literacy interventions.

Schools that use Reading Recovery as an early intervention programme were invited to participate in the research. Reading Recovery teachers, as well as students who had been through the programme, but had been RO, provided qualitative and quantitative data, to enable common characteristics to be identified, correlated and discussed, with reference to current literature and research around reading difficulties.

This study does not offer any suggestions as to the remediation of children who are RO or unresponsive to intervention programmes. However, it does uncover some unexpected correlations that implicate the need for further research, particularly in the area of gender differences, within a sample group of RO students.

text: The Characteristics of Children who are Referred On from Reading Recovery This study investigates the hypothesis that children who are Referred On (RO) from Reading Recovery (RR) may share certain learning and behavioural characteristics. These characteristics were investigated and compared to those identified by the researcher based on experience as a classroom teacher, and to seven characteristics identified by Al Otaiba and Fuchs (2002) in their meta-analysis of 23 studies which had focused on children unresponsive to literacy interventions.

Schools that use Reading Recovery as an early intervention programme were invited to participate in the research. Reading Recovery teachers, as well as students who had been through the programme, but had been RO, provided qualitative and quantitative data, to enable common characteristics to be identified, correlated and discussed, with reference to current literature and research around reading difficulties.

This study does not offer any suggestions as to the remediation of children who are RO or unresponsive to intervention programmes. However, it does uncover some unexpected correlations that implicate the need for further research, particularly in the area of gender differences, within a sample group of RO students.

year: 2009

title: Temperate skeletal carbonate sediments on Scott shelf, northwestren Vancouver Island, Canada

authors: Nelson, Campbell S.

subjects: Scott shelf

abstract: Scott shelf (∼2000 km2), centred at Scott Islands, northwestern Vancouver Island, is mainly shallower than 150 m, topographically diversified, and floored by bedrock outcrops and terrigenous lithic gravels and sands left stranded following the post-glacial rise in sea level (13,000 yrs B.P.). It lies in a zone of vigorous wind-wave currents and strong tidal flows, but is largely starved of modern terrigenous sediment. As a consequence it is slowly accumulating a thin, discontinuous blanket of clean, skeletal carbonate sands and gravels, admixed to varying degrees with the underlying terrigenous deposits. Principal skeletal contributors are infaunal bivalves (on coarse sandy and gravelly substrates), barnacles (on low-amplitude gravelly ridges), bryozoans (on bedrock outcrops and boulders) and benthic foraminifera (on fine sands in deep (> 100 m) waters south of the Scott Islands). Living carbonate benthos are scattered and generally sparse, occupying specific ecologic niches, and the shelf-wide rate of carbonate production is low. Skeletons are fragmented, transported and mixed during storms and are concentrated within bedrock hollows and crevices, and shallow depressions between gravel ridges. Where infaunal bivalves are abundant the carbonates are dominated by aragonite, but otherwise the skeletal hashes are predominantly calcitic. Many grains, and especially aragonitic ones, are corroded and weakened by epilithic and endolithic bioerosion, and probably also by marine and dissolution. The most corroded shells have ages of only about 1000 yrs so that their preservation potential is low. The character of Scott shelf skeletal carbonate deposits reflects their temperate latitude, cold-water heritage. © 1983.

text: Temperate skeletal carbonate sediments on Scott shelf, northwestren Vancouver Island, Canada Scott shelf (∼2000 km2), centred at Scott Islands, northwestern Vancouver Island, is mainly shallower than 150 m, topographically diversified, and floored by bedrock outcrops and terrigenous lithic gravels and sands left stranded following the post-glacial rise in sea level (13,000 yrs B.P.). It lies in a zone of vigorous wind-wave currents and strong tidal flows, but is largely starved of modern terrigenous sediment. As a consequence it is slowly accumulating a thin, discontinuous blanket of clean, skeletal carbonate sands and gravels, admixed to varying degrees with the underlying terrigenous deposits. Principal skeletal contributors are infaunal bivalves (on coarse sandy and gravelly substrates), barnacles (on low-amplitude gravelly ridges), bryozoans (on bedrock outcrops and boulders) and benthic foraminifera (on fine sands in deep (> 100 m) waters south of the Scott Islands). Living carbonate benthos are scattered and generally sparse, occupying specific ecologic niches, and the shelf-wide rate of carbonate production is low. Skeletons are fragmented, transported and mixed during storms and are concentrated within bedrock hollows and crevices, and shallow depressions between gravel ridges. Where infaunal bivalves are abundant the carbonates are dominated by aragonite, but otherwise the skeletal hashes are predominantly calcitic. Many grains, and especially aragonitic ones, are corroded and weakened by epilithic and endolithic bioerosion, and probably also by marine and dissolution. The most corroded shells have ages of only about 1000 yrs so that their preservation potential is low. The character of Scott shelf skeletal carbonate deposits reflects their temperate latitude, cold-water heritage. © 1983.

year: 1983-01-01

title: The Google Translator Toolkit and minority languages case study: Translating Moodle 2.0 into te reo Māori

authors: Manuirirangi, Hōri

abstract: This paper describes a case study where the Google Translator Toolkit (GTT) was used to undertake a large translation task involving a minority language. The task involved the translation of 50,000 interface terms of the Moodle learning management system into te reo Māori (the Māori language).  

The paper begins by describing how some minority languages are not in an environment where technology can be easily used for translations. It then suggests that te reo Māori however, is in a position to use technology and suggests some technologies that are suitable. The paper then briefly describes the GTT and the translation task that this tool was used for. The translators' feedback on the use of this technology in this environment is summarised and it appears that the GTT is suitable to be used by minority language translators.

text: The Google Translator Toolkit and minority languages case study: Translating Moodle 2.0 into te reo Māori This paper describes a case study where the Google Translator Toolkit (GTT) was used to undertake a large translation task involving a minority language. The task involved the translation of 50,000 interface terms of the Moodle learning management system into te reo Māori (the Māori language).  

The paper begins by describing how some minority languages are not in an environment where technology can be easily used for translations. It then suggests that te reo Māori however, is in a position to use technology and suggests some technologies that are suitable. The paper then briefly describes the GTT and the translation task that this tool was used for. The translators' feedback on the use of this technology in this environment is summarised and it appears that the GTT is suitable to be used by minority language translators.

year: 2011