title: Sheared coronal arcades: An evaluation of recent studies

authors: Craig, Ian J.D.

abstract: We show that the family of magnetic force-free equilibria obtained by Low using the generating function method is really a sequence of Gold-Hoyle flux tubes. This sequence is stable under a wide range of solar conditions since each member, specified by the shear parameter μ, is anchored to the photosphere along an axial slice. We go on to demonstrate that recent magnetic relaxation simulations by Klimchuk and Sturrock are fundamentally incapable of representing the unconnected helical field lines inherent in the high-shear (μ > 1) Low solutions. Nonetheless, we believe that the numerical simulations are more likely to describe the equilibria of highly sheared arcades since they involve no change in topology with increasing shear. This view is reinforced by magnetic energy calculations which confirm that the Gold-Hoyle solutions are more energetic for μ > 1 than the numerical equilibria of Klimchuk and Sturrock.

text: Sheared coronal arcades: An evaluation of recent studies We show that the family of magnetic force-free equilibria obtained by Low using the generating function method is really a sequence of Gold-Hoyle flux tubes. This sequence is stable under a wide range of solar conditions since each member, specified by the shear parameter μ, is anchored to the photosphere along an axial slice. We go on to demonstrate that recent magnetic relaxation simulations by Klimchuk and Sturrock are fundamentally incapable of representing the unconnected helical field lines inherent in the high-shear (μ > 1) Low solutions. Nonetheless, we believe that the numerical simulations are more likely to describe the equilibria of highly sheared arcades since they involve no change in topology with increasing shear. This view is reinforced by magnetic energy calculations which confirm that the Gold-Hoyle solutions are more energetic for μ > 1 than the numerical equilibria of Klimchuk and Sturrock.

year: 1990

title: Indicators for quantifying post-disaster functionality: A neighbourhood scale

authors: Jones, Samantha

abstract: Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and cyclones, affect people physically and mentally. They can be destructive to the built environment, hindering infrastructure, lifelines, buildings and homes, which all support the daily functioning of society. The impacts from natural disasters are commonly disproportionate to communities with vulnerabilities in their built environment or lower socio-economic attributes. Weak spots within a community can be disguised at larger spatial scales such as city, regional, or national levels. Narrowing in on smaller community units, such as neighbourhoods, will help differentiate vulnerable areas and specific sources of risk. Identifying these weak spots in a community can help focus efforts to improve community resilience. Therefore, this research aims to identify appropriate indicators to quantify functionality at a neighbourhood scale and then obtain community feedback on the relevance of these indicators in a New Zealand context. Examining 11 existing international frameworks on community resilience identified 48 potential indicators across six different dimensions, namely: 1) the physical and built environment, 2) human and health, 3) economics, 4) environmental, 5) social, and 6) governance.

text: Indicators for quantifying post-disaster functionality: A neighbourhood scale Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and cyclones, affect people physically and mentally. They can be destructive to the built environment, hindering infrastructure, lifelines, buildings and homes, which all support the daily functioning of society. The impacts from natural disasters are commonly disproportionate to communities with vulnerabilities in their built environment or lower socio-economic attributes. Weak spots within a community can be disguised at larger spatial scales such as city, regional, or national levels. Narrowing in on smaller community units, such as neighbourhoods, will help differentiate vulnerable areas and specific sources of risk. Identifying these weak spots in a community can help focus efforts to improve community resilience. Therefore, this research aims to identify appropriate indicators to quantify functionality at a neighbourhood scale and then obtain community feedback on the relevance of these indicators in a New Zealand context. Examining 11 existing international frameworks on community resilience identified 48 potential indicators across six different dimensions, namely: 1) the physical and built environment, 2) human and health, 3) economics, 4) environmental, 5) social, and 6) governance.

year: 2024

title: Bilingual/Immersion education: Indicators of good practice

authors: May, Stephen

subjects: Maori

abstract: Based on a review of national and international research on bilingualism and bilingual/immersion education, this report explores effective approaches for bilingual education. While the focus was on Māori-medium education, the indicators of good practice can also be applied to other bilingual contexts in Aotearoa/New Zealand, such as Pasifika bilingual education.

text: Bilingual/Immersion education: Indicators of good practice Based on a review of national and international research on bilingualism and bilingual/immersion education, this report explores effective approaches for bilingual education. While the focus was on Māori-medium education, the indicators of good practice can also be applied to other bilingual contexts in Aotearoa/New Zealand, such as Pasifika bilingual education.

year: 2004