title: The role of knowledge and learning in the internationalisation of professional service firms

authors: Scott-Kennel, Joanna

subjects: internationalisation

abstract: This paper explores the role of knowledge and learning in the internationalisation process of a small, professional service firm. It investigates the relationship between key dimensions of knowledge, organisational learning, and knowledge leverage mechanisms and internationalisation. Our findings reveal internationalisation appears most influenced by internal, tacit knowledge. The firm's ability to learn via depth and diversity of employee's experience is moderated by the efficiency of the mechanisms that enable application of knowledge to further internationalisation. This is an interactive, iterative process that builds organisational wisdom.

text: The role of knowledge and learning in the internationalisation of professional service firms This paper explores the role of knowledge and learning in the internationalisation process of a small, professional service firm. It investigates the relationship between key dimensions of knowledge, organisational learning, and knowledge leverage mechanisms and internationalisation. Our findings reveal internationalisation appears most influenced by internal, tacit knowledge. The firm's ability to learn via depth and diversity of employee's experience is moderated by the efficiency of the mechanisms that enable application of knowledge to further internationalisation. This is an interactive, iterative process that builds organisational wisdom.

year: 2012

title: A new experimental model for the investigation of sequential hermaphroditism

authors: Goikoetxea, A

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: The stunning sexual transformation commonly triggered by age, size or social context in some fishes is one of the best examples of phenotypic plasticity thus far described. To date our understanding of this process is dominated by studies on a handful of subtropical and tropical teleosts, often in wild settings. Here we have established the protogynous New Zealand spotty wrasse, Notolabruscelidotus, as a temperate model for the experimental investigation of sex change. Captive fish were induced to change sex using aromatase inhibition or manipulation of social groups. Complete female-to-male transition occurred over 60 days in both cases and time-series sampling was used to quantify changes in hormone production, gene expression and gonadal cellular anatomy. Early-stage decreases in plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations or gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a) expression were not detected in spotty wrasse, despite these being commonly associated with the onset of sex change in subtropical and tropical protogynous (female-to-male) hermaphrodites. In contrast, expression of the masculinising factor amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) increased during early sex change, implying a potential role as a proximate trigger for masculinisation. Collectively, these data provide a foundation for the spotty wrasse as a temperate teleost model to study sex change and cell fate in vertebrates.

text: A new experimental model for the investigation of sequential hermaphroditism The stunning sexual transformation commonly triggered by age, size or social context in some fishes is one of the best examples of phenotypic plasticity thus far described. To date our understanding of this process is dominated by studies on a handful of subtropical and tropical teleosts, often in wild settings. Here we have established the protogynous New Zealand spotty wrasse, Notolabruscelidotus, as a temperate model for the experimental investigation of sex change. Captive fish were induced to change sex using aromatase inhibition or manipulation of social groups. Complete female-to-male transition occurred over 60 days in both cases and time-series sampling was used to quantify changes in hormone production, gene expression and gonadal cellular anatomy. Early-stage decreases in plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) concentrations or gonadal aromatase (cyp19a1a) expression were not detected in spotty wrasse, despite these being commonly associated with the onset of sex change in subtropical and tropical protogynous (female-to-male) hermaphrodites. In contrast, expression of the masculinising factor amh (anti-Müllerian hormone) increased during early sex change, implying a potential role as a proximate trigger for masculinisation. Collectively, these data provide a foundation for the spotty wrasse as a temperate teleost model to study sex change and cell fate in vertebrates.

year: 2021-12-01

title: District plan implementation under the RMA: Confessions of a resource consent

authors: Day, Maxine

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: This report focuses on results from Phase 2 of PUCM - the quality of plan
implementation in six district councils selected for their range of plan quality and
capacity to plan. Only those results considered to be important for assisting the six
councils (and others) to improve implementation of their plans are included in this
report. The findings and recommendations, both specific and general, ought to be
instructive for other councils, thereby helping to improve their plans and
implementation processes. Since hapu/iwi interests formed a key component of the
research, the outcomes will help enhance their case for better consideration of their
interests when dealing with local government. As well, many of the findings and
recommendations relate to matters of governance and capacity building that require
Government action, which until done will make it difficult for councils to achieve
quality plans and implementation processes.

text: District plan implementation under the RMA: Confessions of a resource consent This report focuses on results from Phase 2 of PUCM - the quality of plan
implementation in six district councils selected for their range of plan quality and
capacity to plan. Only those results considered to be important for assisting the six
councils (and others) to improve implementation of their plans are included in this
report. The findings and recommendations, both specific and general, ought to be
instructive for other councils, thereby helping to improve their plans and
implementation processes. Since hapu/iwi interests formed a key component of the
research, the outcomes will help enhance their case for better consideration of their
interests when dealing with local government. As well, many of the findings and
recommendations relate to matters of governance and capacity building that require
Government action, which until done will make it difficult for councils to achieve
quality plans and implementation processes.

year: 2003-04-15