title: 3D-printed polylactide composites reinforced with short lyocell fibres – Enhanced mechanical properties based on bio-inspired fibre fibrillation and post-print annealing

authors: Gauss, Christian

abstract: In this study, 3D printable polylactide (PLA) composites reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 mass% of short lyocell fibres were produced by melt compounding PLA modified with maleic anhydride. Based on bio-inspired anchoring systems, fibrillated fibres were also employed in 30 mass% fibre composites. The resulting 3D printed samples displayed outstanding mechanical performance, particularly with high fibre content. Compared to neat PLA, unmodified formulations showed reduced tensile strength and strain at break with the addition of fibres, but they had a moderate improvement in Young's modulus. However, by combining fibre fibrillation, matrix modification, and post-printing annealing, we achieved an excellent balance of tensile strength (85 MPa), Young's modulus (7.2 GPa), and strain at break (3.2%) - the highest reported values for such composites. Incorporating fibres and increasing PLA crystallinity via heat treatment significantly enhanced the thermo-mechanical stability of the composites, raising the storage modulus up to 38 times at 60 °C and 200 times at 80 °C compared to neat PLA. This combined strategy paves the way for the 3D printing of high-performance structures using 100% bio-derived materials.

text: 3D-printed polylactide composites reinforced with short lyocell fibres – Enhanced mechanical properties based on bio-inspired fibre fibrillation and post-print annealing In this study, 3D printable polylactide (PLA) composites reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 mass% of short lyocell fibres were produced by melt compounding PLA modified with maleic anhydride. Based on bio-inspired anchoring systems, fibrillated fibres were also employed in 30 mass% fibre composites. The resulting 3D printed samples displayed outstanding mechanical performance, particularly with high fibre content. Compared to neat PLA, unmodified formulations showed reduced tensile strength and strain at break with the addition of fibres, but they had a moderate improvement in Young's modulus. However, by combining fibre fibrillation, matrix modification, and post-printing annealing, we achieved an excellent balance of tensile strength (85 MPa), Young's modulus (7.2 GPa), and strain at break (3.2%) - the highest reported values for such composites. Incorporating fibres and increasing PLA crystallinity via heat treatment significantly enhanced the thermo-mechanical stability of the composites, raising the storage modulus up to 38 times at 60 °C and 200 times at 80 °C compared to neat PLA. This combined strategy paves the way for the 3D printing of high-performance structures using 100% bio-derived materials.

year: 2023-09-05

title: Improving the research skills of the first-year accounting class by incorporating corporate annual report analysis into the classroom

authors: Low, Mary

subjects: accounting

abstract: This paper evaluates changes made to a first year compulsory accounting paper to transform its focus from the traditional “preparer” perspective to one that focuses on broader learning objectives from the “user” perspective with a particular emphasis on students’ understanding the organisational and social context of accounting. Integrated into this revised first year accounting curriculum were activities that promoted the skills deemed necessary in graduates by employers and the accounting profession; these include corporate annual report analysis and group case presentation activities that promoted leadership, interpersonal, presentation and communication skills.

text: Improving the research skills of the first-year accounting class by incorporating corporate annual report analysis into the classroom This paper evaluates changes made to a first year compulsory accounting paper to transform its focus from the traditional “preparer” perspective to one that focuses on broader learning objectives from the “user” perspective with a particular emphasis on students’ understanding the organisational and social context of accounting. Integrated into this revised first year accounting curriculum were activities that promoted the skills deemed necessary in graduates by employers and the accounting profession; these include corporate annual report analysis and group case presentation activities that promoted leadership, interpersonal, presentation and communication skills.

year: 2004-11

title: Approaches to benefit sharing

authors: Sterling, Rogena

abstract: This information sheet provides successful examples of different approaches to benefit sharing across a range of industries, from around the world and within Aotearoa. It highlights what works and where challenges and gaps exist in current approaches. Finally, a spectrum of Indigenous sharing approaches is provided, based on the OECD framework of benefit sharing and type of benefit (direct and collective) to Indigenous peoples.

text: Approaches to benefit sharing This information sheet provides successful examples of different approaches to benefit sharing across a range of industries, from around the world and within Aotearoa. It highlights what works and where challenges and gaps exist in current approaches. Finally, a spectrum of Indigenous sharing approaches is provided, based on the OECD framework of benefit sharing and type of benefit (direct and collective) to Indigenous peoples.

year: 2024-06-01