title: A sustainable solution for nitrate pollution in New Zealand's drinking water capacitive deionization (CDI)

authors: Sharma , Anisha

abstract: Abstract
This study investigates the performance, feasibility, and practical implications of a small-scale
Capacitive Deionization (CDI) system for simultaneous NaCl and Na₂NO₃ removal from water,
focusing on rural and agricultural applications in New Zealand. Seven trials were conducted under
varying ionic loads, flow rates, and voltages, with operational parameters and removal efficiencies
recorded. Conductivity and nitrate concentration trends were closely monitored, revealing high nitrate
removal rates (up to 79.8%) and significant conductivity reduction across multiple cycles.
The system demonstrated stable adsorption–desorption patterns, with minimal fouling and
rapid regeneration. Comparative cost analysis with Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Ion Exchange
indicated CDI’s substantial economic advantage, with a cost per litre of 0.61 cents, over five times
lower than RO, combined with reduced energy consumption (1.97 NZD/year). Beyond water
treatment, the recovered nitrate stream presents an opportunity for agricultural reuse, reducing
nitrogen fertilizer costs and contributing to nutrient recycling.
The results confirm CDI’s adaptability for low-resource settings, offering a low-maintenance,
scalable, and environmentally sustainable alternative for decentralized water treatment. Furthermore,
derived performance metrics highlighted consistent removal efficiency even under varying salinity
conditions, supporting its resilience for fluctuating feedwater qualities common in rural supplies.
Integrating CDI into farm-level water management could enhance water quality and soil nutrient
availability, supporting sustainable farming practices. Future research should focus on long-term field
trials, optimization of electrode materials for mixed-ion selectivity, and system integration with
renewable energy sources to further reduce operating costs and environmental impact.

text: A sustainable solution for nitrate pollution in New Zealand's drinking water capacitive deionization (CDI) Abstract
This study investigates the performance, feasibility, and practical implications of a small-scale
Capacitive Deionization (CDI) system for simultaneous NaCl and Na₂NO₃ removal from water,
focusing on rural and agricultural applications in New Zealand. Seven trials were conducted under
varying ionic loads, flow rates, and voltages, with operational parameters and removal efficiencies
recorded. Conductivity and nitrate concentration trends were closely monitored, revealing high nitrate
removal rates (up to 79.8%) and significant conductivity reduction across multiple cycles.
The system demonstrated stable adsorption–desorption patterns, with minimal fouling and
rapid regeneration. Comparative cost analysis with Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Ion Exchange
indicated CDI’s substantial economic advantage, with a cost per litre of 0.61 cents, over five times
lower than RO, combined with reduced energy consumption (1.97 NZD/year). Beyond water
treatment, the recovered nitrate stream presents an opportunity for agricultural reuse, reducing
nitrogen fertilizer costs and contributing to nutrient recycling.
The results confirm CDI’s adaptability for low-resource settings, offering a low-maintenance,
scalable, and environmentally sustainable alternative for decentralized water treatment. Furthermore,
derived performance metrics highlighted consistent removal efficiency even under varying salinity
conditions, supporting its resilience for fluctuating feedwater qualities common in rural supplies.
Integrating CDI into farm-level water management could enhance water quality and soil nutrient
availability, supporting sustainable farming practices. Future research should focus on long-term field
trials, optimization of electrode materials for mixed-ion selectivity, and system integration with
renewable energy sources to further reduce operating costs and environmental impact.

year: 2026-01-27

title: "We never expel a foreigner" - globalism, interconnectivity and the experiment of the open society

authors: Peters, Michael A.

abstract: This paper begins with Popper’s appeal to Pericles of Athens to illustrate the history and philosophy of a political principle of democracy and education that sustains the open society. It considers “globalism” as openness and proposes several dimenions of the concept of openness, before examining “Openness as Liberal Internationalism” and “Global Systems History”.

text: "We never expel a foreigner" - globalism, interconnectivity and the experiment of the open society This paper begins with Popper’s appeal to Pericles of Athens to illustrate the history and philosophy of a political principle of democracy and education that sustains the open society. It considers “globalism” as openness and proposes several dimenions of the concept of openness, before examining “Openness as Liberal Internationalism” and “Global Systems History”.

year: 2016

title: Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) annual report 2018-2021

authors: Masters-Awatere, Bridgette

subjects: Māori and Psychology Research Unit

abstract: Annual report of the Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) 2018-2021. The unit was established in August of 1997. The unit is designed to provide a catalyst and support network for enhancing research concerning the psychological needs, aspirations, and priorities of Māori. The MPRU is well situated to draw together skilled and experienced interdisciplinary research groups by networking and establishing working relationships with staff and students within the Division of Arts, Law, Psychology and Social Science, the University, and the wider community.

text: Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) annual report 2018-2021 Annual report of the Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) 2018-2021. The unit was established in August of 1997. The unit is designed to provide a catalyst and support network for enhancing research concerning the psychological needs, aspirations, and priorities of Māori. The MPRU is well situated to draw together skilled and experienced interdisciplinary research groups by networking and establishing working relationships with staff and students within the Division of Arts, Law, Psychology and Social Science, the University, and the wider community.

year: 2022-09-02