title: The Design of a Two Level Code Generator

authors: Byrne, Michael

abstract: The Rcode intermediate code used in the University of Waikato Portable Language Implementation Project (PLIP) compiler system has been designed to represent the source program independently of the source language and the target machine environment, with only sufficient structural information to ensure that efficient target machine code can be represented. Like many such intermediate codes, significant work is still required to produce target machine code. This study has investigated the design and use of a second intermediate code that divides the code generator into two phases, based on the observation that generation of target machine code will have many similarities for machines that are architecturally similar. This code is a Generic Action Set (GAS) code that represents common architectural family. The first phase is the generation of GAS code and its optimisation, and is common for all machines in the family. The second phase is the generation of target machine code from GAS code. It has been recognised that generation of target machine code for machines in the family will still involve many similarities, abstraction but machine idiosyncrasies make difficult. However the development of adequate "fluid" abstractions portability definition for machines in the family to assist of compiler code has been studied, using the provided for the GAS family as a basis for the level of abstraction. 
Producing a code generator for a new machine will often involves very little effort, if one already exists for a similar machine.

text: The Design of a Two Level Code Generator The Rcode intermediate code used in the University of Waikato Portable Language Implementation Project (PLIP) compiler system has been designed to represent the source program independently of the source language and the target machine environment, with only sufficient structural information to ensure that efficient target machine code can be represented. Like many such intermediate codes, significant work is still required to produce target machine code. This study has investigated the design and use of a second intermediate code that divides the code generator into two phases, based on the observation that generation of target machine code will have many similarities for machines that are architecturally similar. This code is a Generic Action Set (GAS) code that represents common architectural family. The first phase is the generation of GAS code and its optimisation, and is common for all machines in the family. The second phase is the generation of target machine code from GAS code. It has been recognised that generation of target machine code for machines in the family will still involve many similarities, abstraction but machine idiosyncrasies make difficult. However the development of adequate "fluid" abstractions portability definition for machines in the family to assist of compiler code has been studied, using the provided for the GAS family as a basis for the level of abstraction. 
Producing a code generator for a new machine will often involves very little effort, if one already exists for a similar machine.

year: 1987

title: An analysis of provincial prices in New Zealand: 1885-1913

authors: Oxley, Les

subjects: consumer price index

abstract: The paper discusses the construction of a new Consumer Price Index (CPI) for New Zealand, 1885-1913, based upon aggregation of data from the four largest provincial districts: Auckland, Canterbury, Otago and Wellington. Using these new provincial data, we explore the degree of market integration within the New Zealand dairy and meat sectors, and consider whether anecdotal evidence on South-North price convergence is supported statistically.

text: An analysis of provincial prices in New Zealand: 1885-1913 The paper discusses the construction of a new Consumer Price Index (CPI) for New Zealand, 1885-1913, based upon aggregation of data from the four largest provincial districts: Auckland, Canterbury, Otago and Wellington. Using these new provincial data, we explore the degree of market integration within the New Zealand dairy and meat sectors, and consider whether anecdotal evidence on South-North price convergence is supported statistically.

year: 2013-10

title: Imagining our own approaches

authors: Smith, Linda Tuhiwai

abstract: I spent some formative years of my life either in the back of museums or their basements helping my father, a scholar of Māori Studies, and keeping myself out of trouble. In the late 1960s I had one small job in the library basement of the Peabody Museum in Salem, Massachusetts, typing new labels for the captains’ log books of ships that were sailing during the American Revolution. I read most of those journals that consisted of pages and pages of wind directions with the rare glimpse of an encounter with another ship or a list of supplies. Why were we there in Salem when we came from Aotearoa, New Zealand? We were there because Salem was the home base for ships that sailed into the Pacific and returned home with collections of materials from the various Pacific Islands countries they visited. My father was studying elaborately carved items from the Marquesa Islands that looked very much like Māori designs.

text: Imagining our own approaches I spent some formative years of my life either in the back of museums or their basements helping my father, a scholar of Māori Studies, and keeping myself out of trouble. In the late 1960s I had one small job in the library basement of the Peabody Museum in Salem, Massachusetts, typing new labels for the captains’ log books of ships that were sailing during the American Revolution. I read most of those journals that consisted of pages and pages of wind directions with the rare glimpse of an encounter with another ship or a list of supplies. Why were we there in Salem when we came from Aotearoa, New Zealand? We were there because Salem was the home base for ships that sailed into the Pacific and returned home with collections of materials from the various Pacific Islands countries they visited. My father was studying elaborately carved items from the Marquesa Islands that looked very much like Māori designs.

year: 2015