title: Engaging Corrupt Somalia

authors: Leslie, Mathew

subjects: Corruption

abstract: This thesis addresses a fundamental question, which is particularly relevant in the Somali context; why has corruption remained endemic in international aid programmes in Somalia? In researching and analysing this question this thesis examined the characteristics of the aid systems in Somalia, which provide an enabling environment for corruption against the application of a consociationalist democratic model. Indicators of success for international interventions in Somalia surround expenditure, presence, influence, geo-political interest and security, and have not included the promotion of Somali-centric models for good governance, transparency and accountability – key actions necessary to help mitigate corrupt practices. Consequently, this thesis examines corruption in Somalia, and its presence in international aid based upon three key factors - adverse clan self-interest, international geo-political self-interest, and lack of effective state building support. While consociationalist theory provides an opportunity for Somalia to address such gaps, this will require a comprehensive and holistic approach and a commitment by the clans in Somalia to collaborate rather than continue to engage in corrupt, self-interested and opportunistic behaviours.

text: Engaging Corrupt Somalia This thesis addresses a fundamental question, which is particularly relevant in the Somali context; why has corruption remained endemic in international aid programmes in Somalia? In researching and analysing this question this thesis examined the characteristics of the aid systems in Somalia, which provide an enabling environment for corruption against the application of a consociationalist democratic model. Indicators of success for international interventions in Somalia surround expenditure, presence, influence, geo-political interest and security, and have not included the promotion of Somali-centric models for good governance, transparency and accountability – key actions necessary to help mitigate corrupt practices. Consequently, this thesis examines corruption in Somalia, and its presence in international aid based upon three key factors - adverse clan self-interest, international geo-political self-interest, and lack of effective state building support. While consociationalist theory provides an opportunity for Somalia to address such gaps, this will require a comprehensive and holistic approach and a commitment by the clans in Somalia to collaborate rather than continue to engage in corrupt, self-interested and opportunistic behaviours.

year: 2014

title: Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport in plants: How does phloem physiology affect plant ecology?

authors: Savage, Jessica A.

abstract: Despite the crucial role of carbon transport in whole plant physiology and its impact on plant-environment interactions and ecosystem function, relatively little research has tried to examine how phloem physiology impacts plant ecology. In this review, we highlight several areas of active research where inquiry into phloem physiology has increased our understanding of whole plant function and ecological processes. We consider how xylem-phloem interactions impact plant drought tolerance and reproduction, how phloem transport influences carbon allocation in trees and carbon cycling in ecosystems, and how phloem function mediates plant relations with insects, pests, microbes and symbiotes. We argue that in spite of challenges that exist in studying phloem physiology, it is critical that we consider the role of this dynamic vascular system when examining the relationship between plants and their biotic and abiotic environment.

text: Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport in plants: How does phloem physiology affect plant ecology? Despite the crucial role of carbon transport in whole plant physiology and its impact on plant-environment interactions and ecosystem function, relatively little research has tried to examine how phloem physiology impacts plant ecology. In this review, we highlight several areas of active research where inquiry into phloem physiology has increased our understanding of whole plant function and ecological processes. We consider how xylem-phloem interactions impact plant drought tolerance and reproduction, how phloem transport influences carbon allocation in trees and carbon cycling in ecosystems, and how phloem function mediates plant relations with insects, pests, microbes and symbiotes. We argue that in spite of challenges that exist in studying phloem physiology, it is critical that we consider the role of this dynamic vascular system when examining the relationship between plants and their biotic and abiotic environment.

year: 2015-02-01

title: Tauira Rangatahi Numeracy and Literacy Programme: Apps in Numeracy and Literacy Research

authors: Calder, Nigel Stuart

subjects: Youth Guarantee

abstract: A key aspect of tertiary education undertaken by Te Wananga o Aotearoa (TWoA) is re-establishing engagement and success in the rangatahi space through meeting the literacy and numeracy demands for programmes at levels 1–3. TWoA has Youth Guarantee programmes that deliver introductory Sport and Leisure and Contemporary Māori Arts programmes with embedded literacy and numeracy. The purpose of this research project was to investigate tauira rangatahi attitudes towards literacy and numeracy development through the application of appropriate cultural capital in conjunction with contemporary digital technologies. The research examined the influence of iPad apps on the beliefs and attitudes of Youth Guarantee tauira towards numeracy and literacy.

text: Tauira Rangatahi Numeracy and Literacy Programme: Apps in Numeracy and Literacy Research A key aspect of tertiary education undertaken by Te Wananga o Aotearoa (TWoA) is re-establishing engagement and success in the rangatahi space through meeting the literacy and numeracy demands for programmes at levels 1–3. TWoA has Youth Guarantee programmes that deliver introductory Sport and Leisure and Contemporary Māori Arts programmes with embedded literacy and numeracy. The purpose of this research project was to investigate tauira rangatahi attitudes towards literacy and numeracy development through the application of appropriate cultural capital in conjunction with contemporary digital technologies. The research examined the influence of iPad apps on the beliefs and attitudes of Youth Guarantee tauira towards numeracy and literacy.

year: 2014