title: Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of cycloaurated organogold(III) complexes with imidate ligands

authors: Kilpin, Kelly Joan

subjects: Gold complexes

abstract: The reactions of the cycloaurated gold(III) complexes (2-bp)AuCl2 (2-bp = 2-benzylpyridyl) or (damp)AuCl2 (damp = Me2NCH2C6H4) with an excess of sodium saccharinate (Nasacc), potassium phthalimidate (Kphth), or with isatin and trimethylamine in refluxing methanol results in the successful isolation of a series of new gold(III) imidate complexes. These were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopies, and by X-ray structure determinations on (2-bp)Au(sacc)2 and (2-bp)Au(phth)2. In both structures, the planes of the saccharinate and the phthalimidate ligands are orientated almost perpendicular to the gold coordination plane. As expected from trans-influence considerations, the Au-N(imidate) bond lengths trans to the aryl carbon atoms are longer than the Au-N(imidate) bond lengths trans to the pyridyl groups. The complexes have also been characterised by electrospray ionisation MS; in the presence of halide ligands, one imidate ligand is readily displaced. Anti-tumour (P388 murine leukemia) and selected anti-microbial data for the new complexes are reported. Surprisingly, all three damp complexes had low anti-tumour activity, which is likely to be a consequence of the poor solubility of these complexes. The synthesis and characterisation of a related gold(III) bis(amidate) complex derived from sulfathiazole is also described.

text: Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of cycloaurated organogold(III) complexes with imidate ligands The reactions of the cycloaurated gold(III) complexes (2-bp)AuCl2 (2-bp = 2-benzylpyridyl) or (damp)AuCl2 (damp = Me2NCH2C6H4) with an excess of sodium saccharinate (Nasacc), potassium phthalimidate (Kphth), or with isatin and trimethylamine in refluxing methanol results in the successful isolation of a series of new gold(III) imidate complexes. These were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopies, and by X-ray structure determinations on (2-bp)Au(sacc)2 and (2-bp)Au(phth)2. In both structures, the planes of the saccharinate and the phthalimidate ligands are orientated almost perpendicular to the gold coordination plane. As expected from trans-influence considerations, the Au-N(imidate) bond lengths trans to the aryl carbon atoms are longer than the Au-N(imidate) bond lengths trans to the pyridyl groups. The complexes have also been characterised by electrospray ionisation MS; in the presence of halide ligands, one imidate ligand is readily displaced. Anti-tumour (P388 murine leukemia) and selected anti-microbial data for the new complexes are reported. Surprisingly, all three damp complexes had low anti-tumour activity, which is likely to be a consequence of the poor solubility of these complexes. The synthesis and characterisation of a related gold(III) bis(amidate) complex derived from sulfathiazole is also described.

year: 2007-01-01

title: Mortality in the Waikato Hospital Systemic Sclerosis Cohort

authors: Ooi, Clement

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Objective

To characterize the causes of mortality and standardised mortality ratio in a cohort of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Methods

A cohort of 132 patients enrolled at the Waikato Systemic Sclerosis Clinic was prospectively followed from 2005 to 2016. Patient demographics, diagnoses and laboratory reports were used to assess risk of mortality and generate standardised mortality ratios (SMR). Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods.
Results

Of the cohort of 132 patients, 20 (15%) were deceased by the end of the study period. The median age of diagnosis and death was 52 years (range 13–86) and 71 years (range 42–87) respectively. Seventy percent of deaths were SSc related and the leading causes of death were due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), interstitial lung disease (ILD) and scleroderma renal crisis (SRC). Patients diagnosed after the age of 60 had renal or cardiac manifestations and were associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. The overall SMR was 2.59 (95% CI 1.67–4.01) and was higher in those with diffuse versus limited SSc (6.46, 95% CI 3.08–13.54 vs. 1.93, 95% CI 1.10–3.41) and males (4.17, 95% CI 1.74–10.02 vs. 2.30, 95% CI 1.39–3.81).
Conclusion

This study demonstrated an increased risk of mortality in patients with SSc relative to that of the general population. An excess in risk was observed particularly in those with diffuse SSc and in males. Renal and cardiac involvement were found to be significant indicators of mortality and reinforces the necessity of screening for these complications.

text: Mortality in the Waikato Hospital Systemic Sclerosis Cohort Objective

To characterize the causes of mortality and standardised mortality ratio in a cohort of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).
Methods

A cohort of 132 patients enrolled at the Waikato Systemic Sclerosis Clinic was prospectively followed from 2005 to 2016. Patient demographics, diagnoses and laboratory reports were used to assess risk of mortality and generate standardised mortality ratios (SMR). Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods.
Results

Of the cohort of 132 patients, 20 (15%) were deceased by the end of the study period. The median age of diagnosis and death was 52 years (range 13–86) and 71 years (range 42–87) respectively. Seventy percent of deaths were SSc related and the leading causes of death were due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), interstitial lung disease (ILD) and scleroderma renal crisis (SRC). Patients diagnosed after the age of 60 had renal or cardiac manifestations and were associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. The overall SMR was 2.59 (95% CI 1.67–4.01) and was higher in those with diffuse versus limited SSc (6.46, 95% CI 3.08–13.54 vs. 1.93, 95% CI 1.10–3.41) and males (4.17, 95% CI 1.74–10.02 vs. 2.30, 95% CI 1.39–3.81).
Conclusion

This study demonstrated an increased risk of mortality in patients with SSc relative to that of the general population. An excess in risk was observed particularly in those with diffuse SSc and in males. Renal and cardiac involvement were found to be significant indicators of mortality and reinforces the necessity of screening for these complications.

year: 2017

title: Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) annual report 2018-2021

authors: Masters-Awatere, Bridgette

subjects: Māori and Psychology Research Unit

abstract: Annual report of the Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) 2018-2021. The unit was established in August of 1997. The unit is designed to provide a catalyst and support network for enhancing research concerning the psychological needs, aspirations, and priorities of Māori. The MPRU is well situated to draw together skilled and experienced interdisciplinary research groups by networking and establishing working relationships with staff and students within the Division of Arts, Law, Psychology and Social Science, the University, and the wider community.

text: Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) annual report 2018-2021 Annual report of the Māori and Psychology Research Unit (MPRU) 2018-2021. The unit was established in August of 1997. The unit is designed to provide a catalyst and support network for enhancing research concerning the psychological needs, aspirations, and priorities of Māori. The MPRU is well situated to draw together skilled and experienced interdisciplinary research groups by networking and establishing working relationships with staff and students within the Division of Arts, Law, Psychology and Social Science, the University, and the wider community.

year: 2022-09-02