title: Oncology Nurses' Knowledge of Survivorship Care Planning: The Need for Education

authors: Lester, Joanne L.

subjects: late effects of cancer treatment

abstract: Purpose/Objectives: To survey nurses about their knowledge of cancer survivorship care.

Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional.

Setting: Midwestern comprehensive cancer center.

Sample: 223 registered and advanced practice nurses.

Methods: Online survey of survivorship knowledge using a 50-item questionnaire derived from the Institute of Medicine report and related publications.

Main Research Variables: Concepts of survivorship care and common long-term symptoms.

Findings: Most nurses reported having knowledge about healthy lifestyle habits; more than 50% of nurses reported having knowledge about chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy, as well as side effects of fatigue, depression, limitations of daily activities, and weight gain; less than 50% of nurses reported having knowledge of impact on family, biologic agents, lymphedema, immunizations or vaccinations, and osteoporosis screening; less than 40% of nurses reported having knowledge about marital and partner relationships, osteoporosis prevention and care, sexuality, side effects of bone marrow transplantation, employment issues, and angiogenesis agents; and less than 25% of nurses reported having knowledge on genetic risks, as well as fertility, financial, and insurance issues.

Conclusions: Oncology nurses at an academic comprehensive cancer center reported gaps in knowledge consistent with previous studies about knowledge of survivorship care.

Implications for Nursing: The Institute of Medicine has challenged oncology providers to address cancer survivorship care planning. Gaps in cancer survivorship knowledge are evident and will require focused education for this initiative to be successful.

text: Oncology Nurses' Knowledge of Survivorship Care Planning: The Need for Education Purpose/Objectives: To survey nurses about their knowledge of cancer survivorship care.

Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional.

Setting: Midwestern comprehensive cancer center.

Sample: 223 registered and advanced practice nurses.

Methods: Online survey of survivorship knowledge using a 50-item questionnaire derived from the Institute of Medicine report and related publications.

Main Research Variables: Concepts of survivorship care and common long-term symptoms.

Findings: Most nurses reported having knowledge about healthy lifestyle habits; more than 50% of nurses reported having knowledge about chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy, as well as side effects of fatigue, depression, limitations of daily activities, and weight gain; less than 50% of nurses reported having knowledge of impact on family, biologic agents, lymphedema, immunizations or vaccinations, and osteoporosis screening; less than 40% of nurses reported having knowledge about marital and partner relationships, osteoporosis prevention and care, sexuality, side effects of bone marrow transplantation, employment issues, and angiogenesis agents; and less than 25% of nurses reported having knowledge on genetic risks, as well as fertility, financial, and insurance issues.

Conclusions: Oncology nurses at an academic comprehensive cancer center reported gaps in knowledge consistent with previous studies about knowledge of survivorship care.

Implications for Nursing: The Institute of Medicine has challenged oncology providers to address cancer survivorship care planning. Gaps in cancer survivorship knowledge are evident and will require focused education for this initiative to be successful.

year: 2014-02-27

title: Evaporation from a raised peat bog

authors: Campbell, David I.

subjects: hydrology

abstract: Evaporation rates were measured for an oligotrophic raised peat bog dominated by the restionaceous rush Empodisma minus (Hook. f.) Johnson and Cutler in northern New Zealand.
Evaporation rates were smaller than those found for other wetlands, ranging between 0.06-0.16 mm h−1 during the daytime, and the average latent heat flux accounted for only 23% of net radiation. Daily average evaporation was only 34% of the Penman potential open water rate, yet the soil was permanently close to saturation.
Bowen ratios in the range 3-5 indicate that available energy is primarily partitioned into sensible heat by the dense plant canopy. Bowen ratios in this range are normally associated with semi-arid zone climates rather than with a permanently moist raised peat bog.
According to the Penman-Monteith model, the conservative evaporation regime at this site is due to a very large canopy resistance, with daily averages in the range 150-608 s m−1 when the canopy is dry. This large canopy resistance is probably the result of plant responses to a nutrient-poor environment, combined with the effect of an extremely dense canopy preventing the diffusion of water vapour from the moist peat substrate. 
Variations in canopy resistance behaviour are caused by variable degrees of canopy wetness for several days following rain. This behaviour poses difficulties for modelling evaporation in water balance studies, hence a simple scheme utilising the Penman potential open water evaporation is favoured.

text: Evaporation from a raised peat bog Evaporation rates were measured for an oligotrophic raised peat bog dominated by the restionaceous rush Empodisma minus (Hook. f.) Johnson and Cutler in northern New Zealand.
Evaporation rates were smaller than those found for other wetlands, ranging between 0.06-0.16 mm h−1 during the daytime, and the average latent heat flux accounted for only 23% of net radiation. Daily average evaporation was only 34% of the Penman potential open water rate, yet the soil was permanently close to saturation.
Bowen ratios in the range 3-5 indicate that available energy is primarily partitioned into sensible heat by the dense plant canopy. Bowen ratios in this range are normally associated with semi-arid zone climates rather than with a permanently moist raised peat bog.
According to the Penman-Monteith model, the conservative evaporation regime at this site is due to a very large canopy resistance, with daily averages in the range 150-608 s m−1 when the canopy is dry. This large canopy resistance is probably the result of plant responses to a nutrient-poor environment, combined with the effect of an extremely dense canopy preventing the diffusion of water vapour from the moist peat substrate. 
Variations in canopy resistance behaviour are caused by variable degrees of canopy wetness for several days following rain. This behaviour poses difficulties for modelling evaporation in water balance studies, hence a simple scheme utilising the Penman potential open water evaporation is favoured.

year: 1997-06-01

title: Book review: Beyond the scene: Landscape and identity in Aotearoa New Zealand – Edited by Janet Stephenson, Mick Abbott and Jacinta Ruru

authors: Beattie, James John

subjects: book review

abstract: This article reviews the book: “Beyond the scene: Landscape and identity in Aotearoa New Zealand”, edited by Janet Stephenson, Mick Abbott and Jacinta Ruru.

text: Book review: Beyond the scene: Landscape and identity in Aotearoa New Zealand – Edited by Janet Stephenson, Mick Abbott and Jacinta Ruru This article reviews the book: “Beyond the scene: Landscape and identity in Aotearoa New Zealand”, edited by Janet Stephenson, Mick Abbott and Jacinta Ruru.

year: 2010-12