title: The effects of climate change and variation in New Zealand: An assessment using the CLIMPACTS system

authors: Warrick, Richard A.

subjects: climate change

abstract: Along with a need to better understand the climate and biophysical systems of New Zealand, the need to develop an improved capacity for evaluating possible changes in climate and their effects on the New Zealand environment has been recognised. Since the middle of 1993 the CLIMPACTS programme, has been focused on the development of such a capacity, in the first instance for the agricultural sector. the goals of this present assessment are:
1. To present current knowledge on likely scenarios of climate change and associated uncertainties in New Zealand;
2. To present current knowledge, based on quantitative analyses using a consistent set of scenarios, on the likely effects of climate change on a range of agricultural and horticultural crops of economic importance;
3. To demonstrate, by way of this report and the associated technical report, the capacity that has been developed for ongoing assessments of this kind in New Zealand. This report has been prepared for both the science and policy communities in New Zealand. There are two main components:
1. The detailed findings of the assessment, presented in a series of chapters;
2. An annex, which contains technical details on models used in the assessment.

text: The effects of climate change and variation in New Zealand: An assessment using the CLIMPACTS system Along with a need to better understand the climate and biophysical systems of New Zealand, the need to develop an improved capacity for evaluating possible changes in climate and their effects on the New Zealand environment has been recognised. Since the middle of 1993 the CLIMPACTS programme, has been focused on the development of such a capacity, in the first instance for the agricultural sector. the goals of this present assessment are:
1. To present current knowledge on likely scenarios of climate change and associated uncertainties in New Zealand;
2. To present current knowledge, based on quantitative analyses using a consistent set of scenarios, on the likely effects of climate change on a range of agricultural and horticultural crops of economic importance;
3. To demonstrate, by way of this report and the associated technical report, the capacity that has been developed for ongoing assessments of this kind in New Zealand. This report has been prepared for both the science and policy communities in New Zealand. There are two main components:
1. The detailed findings of the assessment, presented in a series of chapters;
2. An annex, which contains technical details on models used in the assessment.

year: 2001-06

title: Graph convolutional LSTM model for traffic delay prediction with uncertainty

authors: Townsend, Dale

subjects: Deep learning

abstract: Traffic flow in an urban environment exhibits a complex spatio-temporal in- teraction. The propogation of traffic flow through a transportation network depends on a number of factors, including the structure of the network and the time of day. Current analysis of this data by road controlling authorities is of- ten simplified and lacks a detailed understanding of how traffic moves through the network. A deep learning model which models both the spatial and tempo- ral interactions present in the data is able to capture complex patterns present in the data and allows for a more detailed understanding of traffic flow. A GC- LSTM model is explored for Hamilton City to predict traffic delay. It is found to have improved prediction accuracy over a standard LSTM by incorporating the spatial structure of the Hamilton road network. Additionally, Bayesian layers are integrated into the model to obtain a probability distribution over each prediction. By quantifying the uncertainty over each prediction, the de- cision making process based on the analysis can be carried out with a higher degree of confidence than a single point prediction from the model.

text: Graph convolutional LSTM model for traffic delay prediction with uncertainty Traffic flow in an urban environment exhibits a complex spatio-temporal in- teraction. The propogation of traffic flow through a transportation network depends on a number of factors, including the structure of the network and the time of day. Current analysis of this data by road controlling authorities is of- ten simplified and lacks a detailed understanding of how traffic moves through the network. A deep learning model which models both the spatial and tempo- ral interactions present in the data is able to capture complex patterns present in the data and allows for a more detailed understanding of traffic flow. A GC- LSTM model is explored for Hamilton City to predict traffic delay. It is found to have improved prediction accuracy over a standard LSTM by incorporating the spatial structure of the Hamilton road network. Additionally, Bayesian layers are integrated into the model to obtain a probability distribution over each prediction. By quantifying the uncertainty over each prediction, the de- cision making process based on the analysis can be carried out with a higher degree of confidence than a single point prediction from the model.

year: 2021

title: The reform of Maori land tenure and the quest for sustainability in New Zealand

authors: Jay, Grace Mairi M.

subjects: geography

abstract: Many of the countries of the Pacific region (including Australia and New Zealand) have a British colonial legacy. This history has had wide implications for the development of the region: economically, politically and socially. The cadastral (property based) systems in these countries have been influenced by British land conveyance and registration practices, and by colonial history. To date, Australia and new Zealand are still trying to resolve land tenure and information problems which are steeped in historical and ethnic dimensions. Land is the single most important factor for Maori development in New Zealand, and has great implications for the development of this country.

text: The reform of Maori land tenure and the quest for sustainability in New Zealand Many of the countries of the Pacific region (including Australia and New Zealand) have a British colonial legacy. This history has had wide implications for the development of the region: economically, politically and socially. The cadastral (property based) systems in these countries have been influenced by British land conveyance and registration practices, and by colonial history. To date, Australia and new Zealand are still trying to resolve land tenure and information problems which are steeped in historical and ethnic dimensions. Land is the single most important factor for Maori development in New Zealand, and has great implications for the development of this country.

year: 1997