title: Thomas Lawless: a publican at Waiorongomai and elsewhere

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: An Irishman whose father and mother were publicans, Thomas Lawless was one also for most of his life. After settling at Thames in 1867, he mined there for some years before moving to Coromandel, where he ran several hotels. Returning to Thames, he was a tobacconist for several years before settling at Waiorongomai and running a large new hotel there. With the fading of the goldfield, his financial struggles resulted in bankruptcy and having to sell his hotel. To survive, he had to take on other jobs before returning to Thames in 1887 to run an aerated water factory as well as some hotels. When living in Paeroa from 1891 until 1899 he was an ironmonger, but after settling in Waihi became a publican again, actively assisted by his wife. Subsequently he ran hotels in Taranaki and Whanganui. During most of these years he invested in mines and mining companies on many Hauraki goldfields.
Lawless was prominent everywhere he settled, being actively involved in social, musical, sporting, and church activities along with varioys efforts to assist these communities. He was a notable cricketer, and in Thames was a Volunteer. His wives were also involved in social activities and the Catholic Church. His family life seems to have been a happy one, apart from the death of his first wife in a tragic accident.
Lawless was a man for whom almost nobody had a harsh word, apart from his defense of the Catholic Church in an argument over religious education in public schools.

text: Thomas Lawless: a publican at Waiorongomai and elsewhere An Irishman whose father and mother were publicans, Thomas Lawless was one also for most of his life. After settling at Thames in 1867, he mined there for some years before moving to Coromandel, where he ran several hotels. Returning to Thames, he was a tobacconist for several years before settling at Waiorongomai and running a large new hotel there. With the fading of the goldfield, his financial struggles resulted in bankruptcy and having to sell his hotel. To survive, he had to take on other jobs before returning to Thames in 1887 to run an aerated water factory as well as some hotels. When living in Paeroa from 1891 until 1899 he was an ironmonger, but after settling in Waihi became a publican again, actively assisted by his wife. Subsequently he ran hotels in Taranaki and Whanganui. During most of these years he invested in mines and mining companies on many Hauraki goldfields.
Lawless was prominent everywhere he settled, being actively involved in social, musical, sporting, and church activities along with varioys efforts to assist these communities. He was a notable cricketer, and in Thames was a Volunteer. His wives were also involved in social activities and the Catholic Church. His family life seems to have been a happy one, apart from the death of his first wife in a tragic accident.
Lawless was a man for whom almost nobody had a harsh word, apart from his defense of the Catholic Church in an argument over religious education in public schools.

year: 2016

title: The linear stability of line-tied coronal magnetic fields

authors: Foote, B.J.

abstract: The problem of the linear stability of cylindrically symmetric force-free magnetic equilibria is addressed. The aim is to quantify the severity of ideal MHD disturbances on a variety of line-tied coronal equilibria. Accordingly methods are developed which determine, at high spatial resolution, the dominant eigenmodes of the problem. We first introduce a family of equilibrium force-free fields parameterized by the local dimensionless twist T = rν which includes the well-known Gold-Hoyle field in the case ν = 0. The stability problem is then formulated, and the numerical techniques required for its solution are derived. As a preliminary test of our methods we present convergence results for the critical length of the Gold-Hoyle field, obtaining the result lc = 2.46π (dimensionless units). Next, the severity of the instability is quantified. The kink instability (m = 1) is found to be weak even for long lengths (l ≳ 4lc), generating dimensionless force eigenvalues less than O(10-2). The Gold-Hoyle field is shown to be the most unstable member of the family for large l, yet is the most susceptible to line-tying and so possesses the longest critical length. Preliminary investigations for higher m have not yielded instabilities for the moderate tube lengths of interest. The significance of these results to flare theories cannot be known definitively without results from finite-amplitude studies. Our results show, however, that the power release over the linear phase is at least three orders of magnitude below dimensional expectation. This implies that unstable coronal flux tubes cannot be expected to collapse violently on the MHD time scale.

text: The linear stability of line-tied coronal magnetic fields The problem of the linear stability of cylindrically symmetric force-free magnetic equilibria is addressed. The aim is to quantify the severity of ideal MHD disturbances on a variety of line-tied coronal equilibria. Accordingly methods are developed which determine, at high spatial resolution, the dominant eigenmodes of the problem. We first introduce a family of equilibrium force-free fields parameterized by the local dimensionless twist T = rν which includes the well-known Gold-Hoyle field in the case ν = 0. The stability problem is then formulated, and the numerical techniques required for its solution are derived. As a preliminary test of our methods we present convergence results for the critical length of the Gold-Hoyle field, obtaining the result lc = 2.46π (dimensionless units). Next, the severity of the instability is quantified. The kink instability (m = 1) is found to be weak even for long lengths (l ≳ 4lc), generating dimensionless force eigenvalues less than O(10-2). The Gold-Hoyle field is shown to be the most unstable member of the family for large l, yet is the most susceptible to line-tying and so possesses the longest critical length. Preliminary investigations for higher m have not yielded instabilities for the moderate tube lengths of interest. The significance of these results to flare theories cannot be known definitively without results from finite-amplitude studies. Our results show, however, that the power release over the linear phase is at least three orders of magnitude below dimensional expectation. This implies that unstable coronal flux tubes cannot be expected to collapse violently on the MHD time scale.

year: 1990

title: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with small cell lung cancer - findings from a New Zealand SACT database

authors: Lawrenson, Ross

abstract: Background Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) SCLC generally presents late and is treated with systemic anti-cancer treatment (SACT). Māori are over represented in Lung Cancer statistics but disparities between Māori and non-Māori in patterns of care and survival from SCLC have not been previously reported. 
Methods We used the custom-built SACT database collected by the Oncology Department at Waikato Hospital NZ, which recorded comprehensive lung cancer patient factors and SACT regimens from 2000 to 2021. We reported summary statistics to review the treatment by ethnicity, explored Kaplan Meier all-cause survival of patients, and estimated the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of surviving 12 months. 
Results 742 patients with SCLC were included in this study, with 43% identified as Māori. Approximately 75% of patients received SACT, and there was no difference in the uptake of SACT between Māori and non-Māori. The median survival for SCLC was 8.5 months. After adjustment, patients treated with carboplatin plus etoposide (with/without durvalumab) or cisplatin plus etoposide were 1.5 times or 4.9 times respectively more likely to survive 12 months than those without a SACT regimen.
Conclusion There was no significant evidence of disparities in patterns of care and outcomes between Māori and non-Māori with SCLC. Carboplatin/cisplatin in combination with etoposide remained the primary first line SACT regimen for patients with SCLC in this New Zealand cancer treatment centre.

text: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with small cell lung cancer - findings from a New Zealand SACT database Background Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) SCLC generally presents late and is treated with systemic anti-cancer treatment (SACT). Māori are over represented in Lung Cancer statistics but disparities between Māori and non-Māori in patterns of care and survival from SCLC have not been previously reported. 
Methods We used the custom-built SACT database collected by the Oncology Department at Waikato Hospital NZ, which recorded comprehensive lung cancer patient factors and SACT regimens from 2000 to 2021. We reported summary statistics to review the treatment by ethnicity, explored Kaplan Meier all-cause survival of patients, and estimated the unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of surviving 12 months. 
Results 742 patients with SCLC were included in this study, with 43% identified as Māori. Approximately 75% of patients received SACT, and there was no difference in the uptake of SACT between Māori and non-Māori. The median survival for SCLC was 8.5 months. After adjustment, patients treated with carboplatin plus etoposide (with/without durvalumab) or cisplatin plus etoposide were 1.5 times or 4.9 times respectively more likely to survive 12 months than those without a SACT regimen.
Conclusion There was no significant evidence of disparities in patterns of care and outcomes between Māori and non-Māori with SCLC. Carboplatin/cisplatin in combination with etoposide remained the primary first line SACT regimen for patients with SCLC in this New Zealand cancer treatment centre.

year: 2023-02-10