title: Super-size your control of language: Inter-propositional relations as a tool for textual analysis in language learning

authors: Johnson, Diane

subjects: Language & education

abstract: In what might be considered traditional approaches to language teaching and learning, the focus is often on lexical or syntactic issues and instruction is often limited to phrase, clause or sentence. While learning at this level is important, it is also the case that learners, in developing a high degree of control of their target language, need to be taught skills that will give them the capacity to decode and encode complete texts of a variety of types in a variety of contexts. While, over the last two decades, some researchers have made some useful suggestions about approaches to the issue of above-sentence-level language control, they generally make little reference to the role of mental operations in textual comprehension. Against a background of Crombie’s work on inter-propositional relations, the overall objective of this paper is to demonstrate, with reference to a specific example, the extent to which an interpropositional approach provides a potentially rich methodological tool for language teachers and a mechanism for promoting in-depth comprehension of texts.

text: Super-size your control of language: Inter-propositional relations as a tool for textual analysis in language learning In what might be considered traditional approaches to language teaching and learning, the focus is often on lexical or syntactic issues and instruction is often limited to phrase, clause or sentence. While learning at this level is important, it is also the case that learners, in developing a high degree of control of their target language, need to be taught skills that will give them the capacity to decode and encode complete texts of a variety of types in a variety of contexts. While, over the last two decades, some researchers have made some useful suggestions about approaches to the issue of above-sentence-level language control, they generally make little reference to the role of mental operations in textual comprehension. Against a background of Crombie’s work on inter-propositional relations, the overall objective of this paper is to demonstrate, with reference to a specific example, the extent to which an interpropositional approach provides a potentially rich methodological tool for language teachers and a mechanism for promoting in-depth comprehension of texts.

year: 2010

title: Sustainable energy transition toward renewable energies in the New Zealand dairy industry: An environmental life cycle assessment

authors: Tarighaleslami, Amir Hossein

abstract: The dairy processing industry is considered as energy-intensive processes between New Zealand industries that use fossil fuels as a primary energy source which results in greenhouse gas emissions as well as raising other environmental impacts. To mitigate the environmental impacts of fossil fuels that are used in dairy processing plants, it is essential to design a pathway moving from fossil-based energies towards renewable energy sources in a transition period. To do so, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), as a standardised approach, has been implemented to quantify the environmental profile of different products by evaluating the environmental impacts of product systems. In this paper, three impact categories are considered adopting accessible inventory databases that match the regional and local data along with ReCiPe as the life cycle impact assessment method. These impact categories are 1) human health; 2) ecosystem; and 3) resources. Each category contains subcategories; seven different-statistically discernible energy mix scenarios (moving from coal through natural gas towards biomass) assisted by Monte Carlo simulation are defined to assess environmental impacts. Furthermore, Cumulative Exergy Demand (CExD) as an aggregated criterion has been exploited to indicate the sustainability of the whole system. Results show that for a cheese production process a biomass based scenario has the lowest environmental burden impact in 13 impact categories out of 14 studied impacts. Indeed, it has the lowest CExD with 1.05x10-5 MJ-Eq while surprisingly natural gas based scenario has the highest environmental burden with CExD of 3.85x10-1 MJ-Eq followed by coal with 4.73x10-4 MJ-Eq.

text: Sustainable energy transition toward renewable energies in the New Zealand dairy industry: An environmental life cycle assessment The dairy processing industry is considered as energy-intensive processes between New Zealand industries that use fossil fuels as a primary energy source which results in greenhouse gas emissions as well as raising other environmental impacts. To mitigate the environmental impacts of fossil fuels that are used in dairy processing plants, it is essential to design a pathway moving from fossil-based energies towards renewable energy sources in a transition period. To do so, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), as a standardised approach, has been implemented to quantify the environmental profile of different products by evaluating the environmental impacts of product systems. In this paper, three impact categories are considered adopting accessible inventory databases that match the regional and local data along with ReCiPe as the life cycle impact assessment method. These impact categories are 1) human health; 2) ecosystem; and 3) resources. Each category contains subcategories; seven different-statistically discernible energy mix scenarios (moving from coal through natural gas towards biomass) assisted by Monte Carlo simulation are defined to assess environmental impacts. Furthermore, Cumulative Exergy Demand (CExD) as an aggregated criterion has been exploited to indicate the sustainability of the whole system. Results show that for a cheese production process a biomass based scenario has the lowest environmental burden impact in 13 impact categories out of 14 studied impacts. Indeed, it has the lowest CExD with 1.05x10-5 MJ-Eq while surprisingly natural gas based scenario has the highest environmental burden with CExD of 3.85x10-1 MJ-Eq followed by coal with 4.73x10-4 MJ-Eq.

year: 2019

title: Potential science tools to support mahinga kai decision-making in freshwater management

authors: Collier, Kevin J.

subjects: mahinga kai

abstract: Mahinga kai is a key value for freshwater management that needs to be articulated in objective setting for environmental limits in the National Objectives Framework (NOF). Mahinga kai generally refers to indigenous freshwater species that have traditionally been used for food, tools or other resources. Many mahinga kai sites, both current and historical, are in lowland settings where freshwater environments are often in a degraded state and values are correspondingly compromised. With limited availability of sites in good condition within rohe to help define desired states for mahinga kai, alternative approaches are needed to establish condition bands for management. In particular, tools that assist with envisaging desired states and predicting environmental changes required to sustain those states will help communities and tangata whenua set management objectives. To achieve this effectively an approach is required that utilises Mātauranga Māori and science tools

text: Potential science tools to support mahinga kai decision-making in freshwater management Mahinga kai is a key value for freshwater management that needs to be articulated in objective setting for environmental limits in the National Objectives Framework (NOF). Mahinga kai generally refers to indigenous freshwater species that have traditionally been used for food, tools or other resources. Many mahinga kai sites, both current and historical, are in lowland settings where freshwater environments are often in a degraded state and values are correspondingly compromised. With limited availability of sites in good condition within rohe to help define desired states for mahinga kai, alternative approaches are needed to establish condition bands for management. In particular, tools that assist with envisaging desired states and predicting environmental changes required to sustain those states will help communities and tangata whenua set management objectives. To achieve this effectively an approach is required that utilises Mātauranga Māori and science tools

year: 2014