title: Characteristics of and differences between Pasifika women and New Zealand European women diagnosed with breast cancer in New Zealand

authors: Brown, Charis

abstract: AIM: Breast cancer in New Zealand-based Pasifika women is a significant issue. Although Pasifika women have a lower incidence of breast cancer compared to New Zealand European women, they have higher breast cancer mortality and lower five-year survival. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and tumour biology of Pasifika women and to compare New Zealand European women to identify what factors impact on early (Stage 1 and 2) vs advanced stage (Stage 3 and 4) at diagnosis. METHOD: Data on all Pasifika and New Zealand European women diagnosed with breast cancer (C50) during the period 1 June 2000 to 31 May 2013 was extracted from the Auckland and Waikato Breast Cancer Registries. Descriptive tables and Chi-square test were used to examine di erences in characteristics and tumour biology between Pasifika and New Zealand European women. Logistic regression was used to identify factors that contributed to an increased risk of advanced stage at diagnosis. RESULTS: A significantly higher proportion of Pasifika women had advanced disease at diagnosis compared to New Zealand European women (33.3% and 18.3%, respectively). Cancer biology in Pasifika women was more likely to be: 1) HER2+, 2) ER/PR negative and 3) have a tumour size of ≥50mm. Pasifika women live in higher deprivation areas of 9–10 compared to New Zealand European women (55% vs 14%, respectively) and were less likely to have their cancer identified through screening. Logistic regression showed that if Pasifika women were on the screen-detected pathway they had similar odds (not sig.) of having advanced disease at diagnosis to New Zealand European women. CONCLUSION: Mode of detection, deprivation, age and some biological factors contributed to the di erence in odds ratio between Pasifika and New Zealand European women. For those of screening age, adherence to the screening programme and improvements in access to earlier diagnosis for Pasifika women under the current screening age have the potential to make a substantial di erence in the number of Pasifika women presenting with late-stage disease.

text: Characteristics of and differences between Pasifika women and New Zealand European women diagnosed with breast cancer in New Zealand AIM: Breast cancer in New Zealand-based Pasifika women is a significant issue. Although Pasifika women have a lower incidence of breast cancer compared to New Zealand European women, they have higher breast cancer mortality and lower five-year survival. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and tumour biology of Pasifika women and to compare New Zealand European women to identify what factors impact on early (Stage 1 and 2) vs advanced stage (Stage 3 and 4) at diagnosis. METHOD: Data on all Pasifika and New Zealand European women diagnosed with breast cancer (C50) during the period 1 June 2000 to 31 May 2013 was extracted from the Auckland and Waikato Breast Cancer Registries. Descriptive tables and Chi-square test were used to examine di erences in characteristics and tumour biology between Pasifika and New Zealand European women. Logistic regression was used to identify factors that contributed to an increased risk of advanced stage at diagnosis. RESULTS: A significantly higher proportion of Pasifika women had advanced disease at diagnosis compared to New Zealand European women (33.3% and 18.3%, respectively). Cancer biology in Pasifika women was more likely to be: 1) HER2+, 2) ER/PR negative and 3) have a tumour size of ≥50mm. Pasifika women live in higher deprivation areas of 9–10 compared to New Zealand European women (55% vs 14%, respectively) and were less likely to have their cancer identified through screening. Logistic regression showed that if Pasifika women were on the screen-detected pathway they had similar odds (not sig.) of having advanced disease at diagnosis to New Zealand European women. CONCLUSION: Mode of detection, deprivation, age and some biological factors contributed to the di erence in odds ratio between Pasifika and New Zealand European women. For those of screening age, adherence to the screening programme and improvements in access to earlier diagnosis for Pasifika women under the current screening age have the potential to make a substantial di erence in the number of Pasifika women presenting with late-stage disease.

year: 2017

title: Platforms of Learning: The Ongoing Professonal Learning of Experienced Principals in Aotearoa New Zealand

authors: Grant, Peter

subjects: principal

abstract: Little is known about the professional learning of experienced school principals in New Zealand. How do they maintain sufficient learning to meet a diverse and fluid variety of leadership expectations after at least five years as principal? This research examines the professional learning habits and preferences of fifty two experienced school principals from a variety of schools covering subgroups of Years 1 – 13 within the Waikato and Bay of Plenty regions. A self-selected self-administered survey elicited responses on their use of over twenty three potential sources of learning. This approach was used to provide a fresh look at an under-researched topic. Research findings demonstrate that respondents used all learning sources to varying degrees according to factors such as personal preference, availability, cost, perceived quality, time and distance. A single best practice model remains elusive; those surveyed adopted eclectic approaches to their professional learning. The impact of information technologies and the role of professional principals’ associations in monitoring, promoting and supporting principals’ access to high quality professional learning are also discussed. Consideration of links between survey data and existing theory has resulted in the development of a framework of learning platforms for experienced principals. In addition, a number of dualities are highlighted. Together the proposed learning platforms and dualities provide a conceptual mechanism for the planning of deliberate professional learning and directions for further research.

text: Platforms of Learning: The Ongoing Professonal Learning of Experienced Principals in Aotearoa New Zealand Little is known about the professional learning of experienced school principals in New Zealand. How do they maintain sufficient learning to meet a diverse and fluid variety of leadership expectations after at least five years as principal? This research examines the professional learning habits and preferences of fifty two experienced school principals from a variety of schools covering subgroups of Years 1 – 13 within the Waikato and Bay of Plenty regions. A self-selected self-administered survey elicited responses on their use of over twenty three potential sources of learning. This approach was used to provide a fresh look at an under-researched topic. Research findings demonstrate that respondents used all learning sources to varying degrees according to factors such as personal preference, availability, cost, perceived quality, time and distance. A single best practice model remains elusive; those surveyed adopted eclectic approaches to their professional learning. The impact of information technologies and the role of professional principals’ associations in monitoring, promoting and supporting principals’ access to high quality professional learning are also discussed. Consideration of links between survey data and existing theory has resulted in the development of a framework of learning platforms for experienced principals. In addition, a number of dualities are highlighted. Together the proposed learning platforms and dualities provide a conceptual mechanism for the planning of deliberate professional learning and directions for further research.

year: 2011

title: Ngā waka o tawhiti

authors: Tuaupiki, Jackie Whetumarama

abstract: Mai anō ngā terenga waka a te Māori, ko ōna kōrero tuku iho i whakatauira tuatahingia e ngā atua tonu, taka mai ki te iwi tāngata o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Tā tēnei tuhinga, he wānanga i te mana o te kōrero tuku iho e haupū nei ngā pūrākau terenga waka onamata i takoto ai te tūāpapa mātauranga whakatere mō ngā waka tūpuna i heke iho i Hawaiki ki Aotearoa. Nō reira, ka riariakina ngā pūtoi whakatauiratanga waka a te Māori i ōna atua me ōna tūpuna me te ahunga mai o ana terenga mātāmua, ka aromātai hoki i te takiwā o ngā tau i tauria ai e ōna takere Te Ika-a-Māui e takoto nei.

text: Ngā waka o tawhiti Mai anō ngā terenga waka a te Māori, ko ōna kōrero tuku iho i whakatauira tuatahingia e ngā atua tonu, taka mai ki te iwi tāngata o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. Tā tēnei tuhinga, he wānanga i te mana o te kōrero tuku iho e haupū nei ngā pūrākau terenga waka onamata i takoto ai te tūāpapa mātauranga whakatere mō ngā waka tūpuna i heke iho i Hawaiki ki Aotearoa. Nō reira, ka riariakina ngā pūtoi whakatauiratanga waka a te Māori i ōna atua me ōna tūpuna me te ahunga mai o ana terenga mātāmua, ka aromātai hoki i te takiwā o ngā tau i tauria ai e ōna takere Te Ika-a-Māui e takoto nei.

year: 2017