title: Over the threshold: learning and student retention in electronic courses

authors: Scott, Jonathan B.

subjects: electronics

abstract: Retention of students in early electronics courses is a problem acknowledged worldwide. It is a particular problem in universities, such as the University of Waikato, that have a common first-year programme because students can change streams (e.g. from electrical to mechanical) at the end of the first year. It is commonly believed that the major reason for the low level of student retention is practical engagement—mechanical engineers can see and get their hands on boats, cars, propellers, cogwheels and so forth from the start, while electronics is too small to see and handle, and its workings are alien to most school leavers.

text: Over the threshold: learning and student retention in electronic courses Retention of students in early electronics courses is a problem acknowledged worldwide. It is a particular problem in universities, such as the University of Waikato, that have a common first-year programme because students can change streams (e.g. from electrical to mechanical) at the end of the first year. It is commonly believed that the major reason for the low level of student retention is practical engagement—mechanical engineers can see and get their hands on boats, cars, propellers, cogwheels and so forth from the start, while electronics is too small to see and handle, and its workings are alien to most school leavers.

year: 2010-06

title: Investigating molecular approaches for detection of pathogens in horses

authors: Grout, Emily Katherine

subjects: Polymerase chain reaction

abstract: Infectious disease of equines has significant impacts on the New Zealand equine industry, causing avoidable morbidity and mortality. The correct identification of the aetiological agents involved in such infections allows for prompt and accurate administration of an appropriate therapeutic strategy, reducing the economic impact associated with equine wastage.  
 
Traditional culturing methods are widely used for the diagnosis of infections in horses, however, conventional PCR offers a novel and rapid approach, through the targeting of unique genes for diagnosis of pathogens. PCR is an attractive alternative to microbial culturing, which can take anywhere between 24 hours to 1 week to determine the causative infectious agent, and in a number of cases the results are not as specific or as accurate as they need to be. It is the lack of sensitivity of the traditional culturing techniques that continues to contribute to the economic loss and welfare issues associated with equine infections.  
 
Initially, it was found that an SDS lysis extraction method worked best for extraction of DNA which was used to extract microbial DNA from various types of clinical samples. These were subsequently used as DNA templates within PCR alongside primers associated with up to 28 genes associated with common equine infections. From a total 146 clinical samples received for testing 66.4% returned a PCR positive for one or more microbial genera, whereas traditional bacteriological culturing produced an identification rate of 46%. In addition, PCR was significantly faster than culturing methods (6 hours vs 48 hours) and allowed more specific identification of the microbes present, which provides a significant advantage for infection management and increasing animal welfare. 
 
The results found from these experiments show rapid PCR identification holds promise as a diagnostic technique in the future, however, further development is required before this can be used as a primary diagnostic technique. Recommendations include further research into trends of infection in NZ equines and respectively increasing the diversity of PCR primers to represent the larger scope of microbial species. PCR diagnosis would also benefit from the standardisation of the DNA extraction methods used to allow consistency and increase throughput of various samples. Lastly, the simplification of the individual PCRs for each infectious agent could be developed into multiplex reactions to decrease time processing time and reduce human pipetting error.

text: Investigating molecular approaches for detection of pathogens in horses Infectious disease of equines has significant impacts on the New Zealand equine industry, causing avoidable morbidity and mortality. The correct identification of the aetiological agents involved in such infections allows for prompt and accurate administration of an appropriate therapeutic strategy, reducing the economic impact associated with equine wastage.  
 
Traditional culturing methods are widely used for the diagnosis of infections in horses, however, conventional PCR offers a novel and rapid approach, through the targeting of unique genes for diagnosis of pathogens. PCR is an attractive alternative to microbial culturing, which can take anywhere between 24 hours to 1 week to determine the causative infectious agent, and in a number of cases the results are not as specific or as accurate as they need to be. It is the lack of sensitivity of the traditional culturing techniques that continues to contribute to the economic loss and welfare issues associated with equine infections.  
 
Initially, it was found that an SDS lysis extraction method worked best for extraction of DNA which was used to extract microbial DNA from various types of clinical samples. These were subsequently used as DNA templates within PCR alongside primers associated with up to 28 genes associated with common equine infections. From a total 146 clinical samples received for testing 66.4% returned a PCR positive for one or more microbial genera, whereas traditional bacteriological culturing produced an identification rate of 46%. In addition, PCR was significantly faster than culturing methods (6 hours vs 48 hours) and allowed more specific identification of the microbes present, which provides a significant advantage for infection management and increasing animal welfare. 
 
The results found from these experiments show rapid PCR identification holds promise as a diagnostic technique in the future, however, further development is required before this can be used as a primary diagnostic technique. Recommendations include further research into trends of infection in NZ equines and respectively increasing the diversity of PCR primers to represent the larger scope of microbial species. PCR diagnosis would also benefit from the standardisation of the DNA extraction methods used to allow consistency and increase throughput of various samples. Lastly, the simplification of the individual PCRs for each infectious agent could be developed into multiplex reactions to decrease time processing time and reduce human pipetting error.

year: 2018

title: Nga taonga o Te Urewera

authors: Te Awekotuku, Ngahuia

subjects: Maori

abstract: This report sets out to establish that Te Urewera and Tuhoe - the place, the people -
are synonymous. It is argued by two discrete approaches - cultural property and the
significance of place. These are both enmeshed in the Tuhoe concept of
matemateaone, which is defined and demonstrated throughout the text. Issues of
Tuhoe heritage and cultural property are positioned within the international
indigenous context, and considered in detail with reference to the United Nations
Report on the Protection of the Heritage of Indigenous Peoples tabled in June 1995.
A Tuhoe response to the nine sections of this document form the basis of this
submission, as they clearly reflect the intentions and principles that configure the
articles of the Treaty of Waitangi.

text: Nga taonga o Te Urewera This report sets out to establish that Te Urewera and Tuhoe - the place, the people -
are synonymous. It is argued by two discrete approaches - cultural property and the
significance of place. These are both enmeshed in the Tuhoe concept of
matemateaone, which is defined and demonstrated throughout the text. Issues of
Tuhoe heritage and cultural property are positioned within the international
indigenous context, and considered in detail with reference to the United Nations
Report on the Protection of the Heritage of Indigenous Peoples tabled in June 1995.
A Tuhoe response to the nine sections of this document form the basis of this
submission, as they clearly reflect the intentions and principles that configure the
articles of the Treaty of Waitangi.

year: 2003-08