title: Camphene-derived primary and hydroxymethyl phosphines

authors: Berrigan, Rebecca A.

subjects: Chemistry

abstract: Thermal disproportionation of (2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-3-ylmethyl)phosphinic acid (endo-8-camphanylphosphinic acid, camPO₂H₂) yields the primary phosphine (2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-3-ylmethyl)phosphine (camPH₂). The compound has been characterised by NMR spectroscopy, and as its tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride salt [camP(CH₂OH)₃]Cl, synthesised by reaction with excess formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid. The X-ray crystal structure of this phosphonium salt is reported, confirming the endo position of the phosphonium group. On treatment with triethylamine base, camP(CH₂OH)₃ ⁺Cl⁻ is converted to the hydroxymethylphosphine camP(CH₂OH)₂. The sulfide and selenide of this phosphine have been prepared, together with the platinum(II) complex cis-[PtCl₂{camP(CH₂OH)₂}₂]. The gas-phase decomposition of camPH₂ has been investigated using the technique of IR laser powered homogeneous pyrolysis. Results indicate the initial elimination of phosphine, followed by the rearrangement and decomposition of camphene through two distinct pathways.

text: Camphene-derived primary and hydroxymethyl phosphines Thermal disproportionation of (2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-3-ylmethyl)phosphinic acid (endo-8-camphanylphosphinic acid, camPO₂H₂) yields the primary phosphine (2,2-dimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-3-ylmethyl)phosphine (camPH₂). The compound has been characterised by NMR spectroscopy, and as its tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride salt [camP(CH₂OH)₃]Cl, synthesised by reaction with excess formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid. The X-ray crystal structure of this phosphonium salt is reported, confirming the endo position of the phosphonium group. On treatment with triethylamine base, camP(CH₂OH)₃ ⁺Cl⁻ is converted to the hydroxymethylphosphine camP(CH₂OH)₂. The sulfide and selenide of this phosphine have been prepared, together with the platinum(II) complex cis-[PtCl₂{camP(CH₂OH)₂}₂]. The gas-phase decomposition of camPH₂ has been investigated using the technique of IR laser powered homogeneous pyrolysis. Results indicate the initial elimination of phosphine, followed by the rearrangement and decomposition of camphene through two distinct pathways.

year: 2001-01-01

title: Lake-ice conveyor deposits: Geomorphology, sedimentology, and importance in reconstructing the glacial history of the Dry Valleys

authors: Hall, Brenda L.

subjects: Lake-ice conveyor

abstract: During the last glacial maximum (LGM), lake-ice conveyors transported glacial debris across the surface of large proglacial lakes in the Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. The resulting sediments and landform assemblages are keys to interpreting the glacial history of the Dry Valleys and, potentially, other areas of Antarctica. Paleoconveyor deposits occur in Taylor, Miers, Wright, and Victoria Valleys, as well as in many other parts of the region. Sediments typically consist of stratified to massive sand and/or silt grading upward into poorly sorted gravel, cobbles, and boulders. These sediments make up a variety of landforms, including mounds and moat line, cross-valley, and longitudinal ridges. The classic landform assemblage also displays an associated moraine bank, as well as deltas and shorelines.

text: Lake-ice conveyor deposits: Geomorphology, sedimentology, and importance in reconstructing the glacial history of the Dry Valleys During the last glacial maximum (LGM), lake-ice conveyors transported glacial debris across the surface of large proglacial lakes in the Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. The resulting sediments and landform assemblages are keys to interpreting the glacial history of the Dry Valleys and, potentially, other areas of Antarctica. Paleoconveyor deposits occur in Taylor, Miers, Wright, and Victoria Valleys, as well as in many other parts of the region. Sediments typically consist of stratified to massive sand and/or silt grading upward into poorly sorted gravel, cobbles, and boulders. These sediments make up a variety of landforms, including mounds and moat line, cross-valley, and longitudinal ridges. The classic landform assemblage also displays an associated moraine bank, as well as deltas and shorelines.

year: 2006

title: Hangarau me te Māori: Māori and technology

authors: Keegan, Te Taka Adrian Gregory

subjects: Māori

abstract: A sign of a vibrant, healthy developing nation is the adaptation and uptake of new technologies. Māori have a long, but mostly unrecognised, history of ingenious innovation and adaption of new technologies. This chapter will reveal Māori ingenuity through discussion of historic examples and modern media usages by Māori, and the future implications these have for Māori.
Technology can be defined as tools, devices and machines that have been developed by the application of scientific knowledge. Māori technology, then, is Māori tools, devices and machines that have been developed by the application of Māori scientific knowledge. This chapter discusses some examples of innovative Māori technology and their adoption in both historic and modern times. It includes sections on historic Māori technology, Māori media innovation and Māori adoption of Internet technology. Two sections are further expanded on: Māori in social networking sites and te reo Māori in technology. The chapter concludes with the authors' thoughts on how the adoption of new technologies will shape tikanga Māori and te reo Māori into the future.

text: Hangarau me te Māori: Māori and technology A sign of a vibrant, healthy developing nation is the adaptation and uptake of new technologies. Māori have a long, but mostly unrecognised, history of ingenious innovation and adaption of new technologies. This chapter will reveal Māori ingenuity through discussion of historic examples and modern media usages by Māori, and the future implications these have for Māori.
Technology can be defined as tools, devices and machines that have been developed by the application of scientific knowledge. Māori technology, then, is Māori tools, devices and machines that have been developed by the application of Māori scientific knowledge. This chapter discusses some examples of innovative Māori technology and their adoption in both historic and modern times. It includes sections on historic Māori technology, Māori media innovation and Māori adoption of Internet technology. Two sections are further expanded on: Māori in social networking sites and te reo Māori in technology. The chapter concludes with the authors' thoughts on how the adoption of new technologies will shape tikanga Māori and te reo Māori into the future.

year: 2018