title: What explains the wealth gap between immigrants and the New Zealand born?

authors: Gibson, John

subjects: immigration

abstract: Immigrants are typically found to have less wealth and hold it in different forms than the native born. These differences may affect both the economic assimilation of immigrants and overall portfolio allocation when immigrants are a large share of the population, as in New Zealand. In this paper, data from the 2001 Household Savings Survey are used to examine wealth differences between immigrants and the New Zealand-born. Differences in the allocation of portfolios between housing and other forms of wealth are described. Unconditional and conditional wealth quantiles are examined using parametric models. Semi-parametric methods are used to decompose differences in net worth at different parts of the wealth distribution into the part due to differences in characteristics and the part due to differences in the returns to characteristics.

text: What explains the wealth gap between immigrants and the New Zealand born? Immigrants are typically found to have less wealth and hold it in different forms than the native born. These differences may affect both the economic assimilation of immigrants and overall portfolio allocation when immigrants are a large share of the population, as in New Zealand. In this paper, data from the 2001 Household Savings Survey are used to examine wealth differences between immigrants and the New Zealand-born. Differences in the allocation of portfolios between housing and other forms of wealth are described. Unconditional and conditional wealth quantiles are examined using parametric models. Semi-parametric methods are used to decompose differences in net worth at different parts of the wealth distribution into the part due to differences in characteristics and the part due to differences in the returns to characteristics.

year: 2007-09

title: Reimagining primary health care workforce in rural and underserved settings

authors: Strasser, Roger

subjects: primary health care

abstract: This Discussion Paper starts at the local level and reimagines primary health care (PHC) and the PHC workforce from the perspective of people living in rural and underserved urban areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Drawing on research evidence and successful examples, it presents a “start local” health service delivery model, health system design framework, and financing models intended to ensure highquality local comprehensive PHC is available and accessible to all. Core PHC team members (community health workers, registered nurses, specialist family physicians, and administrators) and other health practitioners are generalists in their disciplines, working together in collaborative practice as the frontline providers of care that responds to the health needs of the population they serve. The most successful model of education and training for local comprehensive PHC is socially accountable, immersive community-engaged education woven into a facilitated education and training pathway starting with recruiting local students from rural and underserved communities. Successful attraction, recruitment, and retention of PHC team members results from the systematic approach of the Workforce Stability Framework with the three main tasks of plan, recruit, and retain supported by a long-term strategy and five conditions for success. High-quality local comprehensive PHC is successful in improving local population health when it is part of an integrated health system that connects clusters of autonomous local health service delivery organizations through partnerships with regional referral centers and other specialist service organizations that value the expertise of local PHC providers. All levels of the health system (local, regional, and national) are enhanced by intersectoral collaboration with active participation of all Partnership Pentagram members (policy makers, health administrators, health professionals, academics, and communities), underpinned by a local health needs– focused national health strategy, up-front local investments in PHC infrastructure and personnel, and funding models that reward achieving health outcomes.

text: Reimagining primary health care workforce in rural and underserved settings This Discussion Paper starts at the local level and reimagines primary health care (PHC) and the PHC workforce from the perspective of people living in rural and underserved urban areas of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Drawing on research evidence and successful examples, it presents a “start local” health service delivery model, health system design framework, and financing models intended to ensure highquality local comprehensive PHC is available and accessible to all. Core PHC team members (community health workers, registered nurses, specialist family physicians, and administrators) and other health practitioners are generalists in their disciplines, working together in collaborative practice as the frontline providers of care that responds to the health needs of the population they serve. The most successful model of education and training for local comprehensive PHC is socially accountable, immersive community-engaged education woven into a facilitated education and training pathway starting with recruiting local students from rural and underserved communities. Successful attraction, recruitment, and retention of PHC team members results from the systematic approach of the Workforce Stability Framework with the three main tasks of plan, recruit, and retain supported by a long-term strategy and five conditions for success. High-quality local comprehensive PHC is successful in improving local population health when it is part of an integrated health system that connects clusters of autonomous local health service delivery organizations through partnerships with regional referral centers and other specialist service organizations that value the expertise of local PHC providers. All levels of the health system (local, regional, and national) are enhanced by intersectoral collaboration with active participation of all Partnership Pentagram members (policy makers, health administrators, health professionals, academics, and communities), underpinned by a local health needs– focused national health strategy, up-front local investments in PHC infrastructure and personnel, and funding models that reward achieving health outcomes.

year: 2020

title: Everyday experiences of racism: Suppressing Māori cultural expressions in mental health

authors: Southey, Kim Marie

abstract: Tēnā kautau i runga i ngā tini āhuatanga o te wā.

This publication has been produced as part of the He Kokonga Ngākau Fellowships, an initiative of Te Atawhai o Te Ao that seeks to support and contribute to our research projects, and grow Māori research capability that promotes Kaupapa Māori research. These fellowships have been established to support Māori postgraduate students, practitioners, community researchers, and writers in their writing on kaupapa that have relevance to our organisation and wider community.

Dr Kim Southey (Ngāti Porou, Ngāti Kuia) draws on her doctoral research on re-presenting Māori and Indigenous understandings of being, and deconstructing the notion of mental illness. This
publication focuses on how Māori and Indigenous expressions within the mental (and wider) health system are suppressed and restricted by a dominant (western) worldview. Dr Southey posits that the western insistence on representing things in the world through rational, logical explanations impacts on Māori cultural understandings, limiting how we can express ourselves. This is viewed by Dr Southey as a form of institutional racism.

text: Everyday experiences of racism: Suppressing Māori cultural expressions in mental health Tēnā kautau i runga i ngā tini āhuatanga o te wā.

This publication has been produced as part of the He Kokonga Ngākau Fellowships, an initiative of Te Atawhai o Te Ao that seeks to support and contribute to our research projects, and grow Māori research capability that promotes Kaupapa Māori research. These fellowships have been established to support Māori postgraduate students, practitioners, community researchers, and writers in their writing on kaupapa that have relevance to our organisation and wider community.

Dr Kim Southey (Ngāti Porou, Ngāti Kuia) draws on her doctoral research on re-presenting Māori and Indigenous understandings of being, and deconstructing the notion of mental illness. This
publication focuses on how Māori and Indigenous expressions within the mental (and wider) health system are suppressed and restricted by a dominant (western) worldview. Dr Southey posits that the western insistence on representing things in the world through rational, logical explanations impacts on Māori cultural understandings, limiting how we can express ourselves. This is viewed by Dr Southey as a form of institutional racism.

year: 2022