title: New development and trends in mathematics education at pre-school and primary level

authors: Jones, Graham

subjects: education

abstract: TSG 1 had a broad focus, calling for papers that examined contemporary developments in mathematics education at the preschool and primary level (approximately ages 0 through 12 years). This provided an exciting opportunity to explore issues across the early childhood and school sectors and the team quickly decided to integrate early childhood and school presenters, with sessions organized around common themes, rather than by sector. The range of nationalities of the presenters and the participants in this group also allowed the ideas to be considered as they applied in a number of different contexts. This report highlights the themes that were considered, describes the papers that were presented, and summarises some of the key ideas and issues that arose in the group’s discussions.

text: New development and trends in mathematics education at pre-school and primary level TSG 1 had a broad focus, calling for papers that examined contemporary developments in mathematics education at the preschool and primary level (approximately ages 0 through 12 years). This provided an exciting opportunity to explore issues across the early childhood and school sectors and the team quickly decided to integrate early childhood and school presenters, with sessions organized around common themes, rather than by sector. The range of nationalities of the presenters and the participants in this group also allowed the ideas to be considered as they applied in a number of different contexts. This report highlights the themes that were considered, describes the papers that were presented, and summarises some of the key ideas and issues that arose in the group’s discussions.

year: 2008

title: Cautionary note on multi-component flood distributions for annual maxima

authors: Bardsley, W. Earl

subjects: flood maxima

abstract: Multi-component probability distributions such as the two-component Gumbel distribution are sometimes applied to annual flood maxima when individual floods are seen as belonging to different classes, depending on physical processes or time of year. However, hydrological inconsistencies may arise if only non-classified annual maxima are available to estimate the component distribution parameters. In particular, an unconstrained best fit to annual flood maxima may yield some component distributions with a high probability of simulating floods with negative discharge. In such situations multi-component distributions cannot be justified as an improved approximation to a local physical reality of mixed flood types, even though a good data fit is achieved. This effect usefully illustrates that a good match to data is no guarantee against degeneracy of hydrological models.

text: Cautionary note on multi-component flood distributions for annual maxima Multi-component probability distributions such as the two-component Gumbel distribution are sometimes applied to annual flood maxima when individual floods are seen as belonging to different classes, depending on physical processes or time of year. However, hydrological inconsistencies may arise if only non-classified annual maxima are available to estimate the component distribution parameters. In particular, an unconstrained best fit to annual flood maxima may yield some component distributions with a high probability of simulating floods with negative discharge. In such situations multi-component distributions cannot be justified as an improved approximation to a local physical reality of mixed flood types, even though a good data fit is achieved. This effect usefully illustrates that a good match to data is no guarantee against degeneracy of hydrological models.

year: 2016

title: Aihe Pepene

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: Sharing the same illustrious whakapapa as his brother Reha Aperahama, Aihe Pepene was prominent when living in the Thames district before settling at Te Aroha in 1878. When speculators tried to acquire the Thames foreshore from Pepene and others in 1870, he became involved in the subsequent legal actions over unpaid promissory notes. Later he would acquire interests in many blocks of land, and received a steady income by leasing or selling these plus his share in the goldfields revenue. When the Aroha Block was considered by the land court for the last time, in 1878, he conducted the case for Ngati Rahiri.
He invested in four Hauraki goldfields, and was briefly an owner and skipper of two small river steamers, an unsuccessful endeavour that resulted in his being forced to sell more land to meet his debts. Once his 1880 and 1881 financial difficulties were resolved, no more such problems recurred. 
A leading rangatira in Hauraki generally as well as at Te Aroha, he would be elected to a Maori Committee that was soon revealed to have no significance. Closely involved with Pakeha, he assisted settlement, and his loyalty to the Crown was illustrated by his becoming an officer in the Thames Native Volunteer Corps. A member of the Church of England for many years, like many Maori he became a Mormon, a faith perhaps more appropriate to his private life, for he had more than one wife, notoriously eloping with the wife of a more senior rangatira despite already being married.

text: Aihe Pepene Sharing the same illustrious whakapapa as his brother Reha Aperahama, Aihe Pepene was prominent when living in the Thames district before settling at Te Aroha in 1878. When speculators tried to acquire the Thames foreshore from Pepene and others in 1870, he became involved in the subsequent legal actions over unpaid promissory notes. Later he would acquire interests in many blocks of land, and received a steady income by leasing or selling these plus his share in the goldfields revenue. When the Aroha Block was considered by the land court for the last time, in 1878, he conducted the case for Ngati Rahiri.
He invested in four Hauraki goldfields, and was briefly an owner and skipper of two small river steamers, an unsuccessful endeavour that resulted in his being forced to sell more land to meet his debts. Once his 1880 and 1881 financial difficulties were resolved, no more such problems recurred. 
A leading rangatira in Hauraki generally as well as at Te Aroha, he would be elected to a Maori Committee that was soon revealed to have no significance. Closely involved with Pakeha, he assisted settlement, and his loyalty to the Crown was illustrated by his becoming an officer in the Thames Native Volunteer Corps. A member of the Church of England for many years, like many Maori he became a Mormon, a faith perhaps more appropriate to his private life, for he had more than one wife, notoriously eloping with the wife of a more senior rangatira despite already being married.

year: 2016