title: Match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes: A systematic review.

authors: Sella, Francesco Stefano

subjects: Rugby 7s

abstract: Sella, FS, McMaster, DT, Beaven, CM, Gill, ND, and Hébert-Losier, K. Match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3463-3474, 2019-Since the inclusion of rugby sevens in the 2016 Olympic Games, the popularity of women's rugby sevens has grown rapidly worldwide. This systematic review aimed to summarize the scientific literature addressing the match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes and to highlight differences between competition levels and playing positions. Four electronic databases were searched, as were the reference lists and key journals. Hedges' g effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate differences between elite and nonelite athletes, and backs and forwards. Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria and scored 68 ± 13% upon quality assessment. Comparisons between groups were restricted to variables where data were available. Greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints and accelerations, but lower physiological responses characterized international matches compared with nationals. At international level, backs demonstrated greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints, and physiological responses than forwards. Elite athletes were leaner, taller, and displayed superior physical qualities (e.g., maximal speed, power, upper-body strength, and aerobic capacity) compared with nonelite athletes. At elite level, forwards were heavier and displayed greater upper-body strength, whereas backs showed greater acceleration and maximal speed abilities. The specific match demands and physical requirements of female rugby sevens athletes competing at different playing levels and playing positions must be considered for developing effective training programs.

text: Match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes: A systematic review. Sella, FS, McMaster, DT, Beaven, CM, Gill, ND, and Hébert-Losier, K. Match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3463-3474, 2019-Since the inclusion of rugby sevens in the 2016 Olympic Games, the popularity of women's rugby sevens has grown rapidly worldwide. This systematic review aimed to summarize the scientific literature addressing the match demands, anthropometric characteristics, and physical qualities of female rugby sevens athletes and to highlight differences between competition levels and playing positions. Four electronic databases were searched, as were the reference lists and key journals. Hedges' g effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate differences between elite and nonelite athletes, and backs and forwards. Twenty-seven studies met inclusion criteria and scored 68 ± 13% upon quality assessment. Comparisons between groups were restricted to variables where data were available. Greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints and accelerations, but lower physiological responses characterized international matches compared with nationals. At international level, backs demonstrated greater running demands and intensities, number of sprints, and physiological responses than forwards. Elite athletes were leaner, taller, and displayed superior physical qualities (e.g., maximal speed, power, upper-body strength, and aerobic capacity) compared with nonelite athletes. At elite level, forwards were heavier and displayed greater upper-body strength, whereas backs showed greater acceleration and maximal speed abilities. The specific match demands and physical requirements of female rugby sevens athletes competing at different playing levels and playing positions must be considered for developing effective training programs.

year: 2019

title: “My Home Is My Castle”: Defiance of the commercial homestay host in tourism

authors: McIntosh, Alison J.

subjects: commercial home

abstract: The intrinsic nature of small tourism business provision has rarely been captured in previous literature, but it has recently gained momentum within scholarly discourse exploring the role of the “home” in tourism and hospitality. This article contributes an examination of the commercial homestay host in New Zealand with a particular focus on the hosts’ personal relationship with their “commercial home.” The article reports the findings of in-depth interviews conducted with commercial homestay hosts in New Zealand. Findings allude to the tyranny of the homestay hosts in their tourism hosting role, their oppressive social need, self-marginalization, and distinctive identity—one that is notably defiant of other commercial hospitality and tourism business norms. In contrast, previous studies rarely showcase the personal perspectives, conscious defiance, or marginalization of commercial hospitality provision. Consequences for understanding the tourism and hospitality phenomenon of commercial home hosting are thus discussed.

text: “My Home Is My Castle”: Defiance of the commercial homestay host in tourism The intrinsic nature of small tourism business provision has rarely been captured in previous literature, but it has recently gained momentum within scholarly discourse exploring the role of the “home” in tourism and hospitality. This article contributes an examination of the commercial homestay host in New Zealand with a particular focus on the hosts’ personal relationship with their “commercial home.” The article reports the findings of in-depth interviews conducted with commercial homestay hosts in New Zealand. Findings allude to the tyranny of the homestay hosts in their tourism hosting role, their oppressive social need, self-marginalization, and distinctive identity—one that is notably defiant of other commercial hospitality and tourism business norms. In contrast, previous studies rarely showcase the personal perspectives, conscious defiance, or marginalization of commercial hospitality provision. Consequences for understanding the tourism and hospitality phenomenon of commercial home hosting are thus discussed.

year: 2011-09

title: Rangatiratanga - Kawanatanga: Dealing with rhetoric

authors: Nikora, Linda Waimarie

abstract: Numbered among the few Maori appointed to an academic position during the late 1980s, I have seen our discipline and profession, in all its awkward self-consciousness, make genuine attempts to grapple the respond to questions and challenges delivered by Maori and Pakeha alike.  For example, Where is the Maori content in courses?  Why aren’t Maori graduating from professional training programmes?  Why are there not more Maori academics? Where is the place/space for Maori as practitioners, academics, researchers and decision-makers?  Why does it seem that Maori are always on the ‘client’ side of the professional/client equation?  Where are the Maori men?  In responding to these persistent challenges the professional and discipline in Aotearoa/New Zealand has been irreversibly changed, in my opinion.  The change has not been dramatic (psychology is somewhat averse to self-promotion) but, of those changes that have occurred, a definite contribution has been made to advancing Maori development, to building a more bicultural discipline and practice, and to supporting the strength of the Kawanatanga and Rangatiratanga dynamic whose importance I emphasize here.

text: Rangatiratanga - Kawanatanga: Dealing with rhetoric Numbered among the few Maori appointed to an academic position during the late 1980s, I have seen our discipline and profession, in all its awkward self-consciousness, make genuine attempts to grapple the respond to questions and challenges delivered by Maori and Pakeha alike.  For example, Where is the Maori content in courses?  Why aren’t Maori graduating from professional training programmes?  Why are there not more Maori academics? Where is the place/space for Maori as practitioners, academics, researchers and decision-makers?  Why does it seem that Maori are always on the ‘client’ side of the professional/client equation?  Where are the Maori men?  In responding to these persistent challenges the professional and discipline in Aotearoa/New Zealand has been irreversibly changed, in my opinion.  The change has not been dramatic (psychology is somewhat averse to self-promotion) but, of those changes that have occurred, a definite contribution has been made to advancing Maori development, to building a more bicultural discipline and practice, and to supporting the strength of the Kawanatanga and Rangatiratanga dynamic whose importance I emphasize here.

year: 2001