title: On the CUSP of innovation: From CUSP to CUSP2

authors: Cooper, Bronwen

abstract: The Collaborative University-School Partnership project (CUSP) documents the experiences of a New Zealand university and seven schools as they collaborated on the development and introduction of a reframed practicum programme in the first year of a three-year undergraduate primary initial teacher education (ITE) programme. The CUSP programme was designed to enhance teacher, university lecturer, and student-teacher experience of the school-based components of the ITE programme by weaving the university and school-based components into a more coherent and seamless whole to which each community contributed and benefited. In the co-constructed and reconceptualised school-based programme, lecturers and teachers became jointly responsible for student-teacher development.

text: On the CUSP of innovation: From CUSP to CUSP2 The Collaborative University-School Partnership project (CUSP) documents the experiences of a New Zealand university and seven schools as they collaborated on the development and introduction of a reframed practicum programme in the first year of a three-year undergraduate primary initial teacher education (ITE) programme. The CUSP programme was designed to enhance teacher, university lecturer, and student-teacher experience of the school-based components of the ITE programme by weaving the university and school-based components into a more coherent and seamless whole to which each community contributed and benefited. In the co-constructed and reconceptualised school-based programme, lecturers and teachers became jointly responsible for student-teacher development.

year: 2019

title: Visual Perception and Analysis of an Approaching Train at Railway Level Crossings in New Zealand

authors: Clark, Helen Elizabeth

subjects: vision science

abstract: The prevalence of railway level crossing accidents in New Zealand is a high profile issue that has warranted close scrutiny over the last 10 years. However, the incident rate has not decreased. This research examined the possibility that visual illusions and perceptual errors contribute to an underestimation of a train‟s arrival time by motorists. The first experiment was designed to analyze whether the Size-Arrival Effect, a theory that states that large-far objects are judged to arrive earlier than small-nearer objects, was applicable to trains. Participants were shown a computer simulation of a moving vehicle (train, motorcar or motorcycle) and asked to indicate when the point was reached where they would no longer cross in front of the approaching vehicle. Approach speeds were systematically varied (60 km/h, 70 km/h, 80 km/h, 100 km/h and 120km/h). Results found that participants adopted the greatest safety gap distance to cross for the train. However, there was no adjustment for velocity when adopting safety gaps for the train and the motorcycle with observers using the same gap distance, regardless of the approach speed. The second experiment sought to examine the Leibowitz hypothesis (Leibowitz, 1985), which proposes an illusory bias; a large object seems to be moving more slowly than a small object travelling at the same speed. Experiment 2 measured participants' ability to make a direct comparison between the speed of an approaching motorcar and a train. Participants were asked to judge which of the vehicles appeared faster, with the distance from the observer varied (far, middle or near). Participants significantly underestimated the speed of the train as compared to the car, in both the 'middle' and 'near' conditions, with the magnitude of underestimation greatest in the 'middle' condition. The overall findings offered support for both theories, which indicates that a combination of distance and speed perceptual errors may at least partly contribute to the high rates of level crossing collisions.

text: Visual Perception and Analysis of an Approaching Train at Railway Level Crossings in New Zealand The prevalence of railway level crossing accidents in New Zealand is a high profile issue that has warranted close scrutiny over the last 10 years. However, the incident rate has not decreased. This research examined the possibility that visual illusions and perceptual errors contribute to an underestimation of a train‟s arrival time by motorists. The first experiment was designed to analyze whether the Size-Arrival Effect, a theory that states that large-far objects are judged to arrive earlier than small-nearer objects, was applicable to trains. Participants were shown a computer simulation of a moving vehicle (train, motorcar or motorcycle) and asked to indicate when the point was reached where they would no longer cross in front of the approaching vehicle. Approach speeds were systematically varied (60 km/h, 70 km/h, 80 km/h, 100 km/h and 120km/h). Results found that participants adopted the greatest safety gap distance to cross for the train. However, there was no adjustment for velocity when adopting safety gaps for the train and the motorcycle with observers using the same gap distance, regardless of the approach speed. The second experiment sought to examine the Leibowitz hypothesis (Leibowitz, 1985), which proposes an illusory bias; a large object seems to be moving more slowly than a small object travelling at the same speed. Experiment 2 measured participants' ability to make a direct comparison between the speed of an approaching motorcar and a train. Participants were asked to judge which of the vehicles appeared faster, with the distance from the observer varied (far, middle or near). Participants significantly underestimated the speed of the train as compared to the car, in both the 'middle' and 'near' conditions, with the magnitude of underestimation greatest in the 'middle' condition. The overall findings offered support for both theories, which indicates that a combination of distance and speed perceptual errors may at least partly contribute to the high rates of level crossing collisions.

year: 2010

title: A case study of Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku

authors: Tamoko-o-te-rangi, Ormsby

subjects: environmental initiatives

abstract: This thesis is an examination and analysis of the environmental initiative Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku, co-founded by Waimirirangi Ormsby (née Koopu-Stone) and myself, Tamoko Ormsby. The primary aim of this research was to achieve an understanding of the PKP initiative at the individual level and to inform future collective action at the community level. As such, my primary research question is:

How can Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku inform community-scale action that contributes to our more-than-human relationship with Papatūānuku within our current capitalist settler-colonial context?

The study is part-autoethnographic in that it is informed by my personal reflections and experiences as a co-founder, operator, and participant of the initiative. In addition, the study explores the number of participants who signed up yearly for each action and employs a brief descriptive analysis of the initiative.

The literature review explores how common Western notions of environmentalism are devoid of the spiritual, cultural, and relational aspects present within indigenous and Māori knowledge systems. It touches on the histories of capitalism and colonialism and how these have led to the consumptogenic society we are in. It aims to illustrate the nexus between the Māori and Western Eurocentric worlds.

He Whatu is the framework that has emerged from this case study as the means to respond to the primary research question. The framework was developed by analyzing the key themes of PKP over the years 2017 to 2021. He Whatu has five key elements: Identity, Language, Distance, Practicality, and Influence; each with three subcategories. It is activated through provoking key conversations to inform future community action.

text: A case study of Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku This thesis is an examination and analysis of the environmental initiative Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku, co-founded by Waimirirangi Ormsby (née Koopu-Stone) and myself, Tamoko Ormsby. The primary aim of this research was to achieve an understanding of the PKP initiative at the individual level and to inform future collective action at the community level. As such, my primary research question is:

How can Pipiri Ki A Papatūānuku inform community-scale action that contributes to our more-than-human relationship with Papatūānuku within our current capitalist settler-colonial context?

The study is part-autoethnographic in that it is informed by my personal reflections and experiences as a co-founder, operator, and participant of the initiative. In addition, the study explores the number of participants who signed up yearly for each action and employs a brief descriptive analysis of the initiative.

The literature review explores how common Western notions of environmentalism are devoid of the spiritual, cultural, and relational aspects present within indigenous and Māori knowledge systems. It touches on the histories of capitalism and colonialism and how these have led to the consumptogenic society we are in. It aims to illustrate the nexus between the Māori and Western Eurocentric worlds.

He Whatu is the framework that has emerged from this case study as the means to respond to the primary research question. The framework was developed by analyzing the key themes of PKP over the years 2017 to 2021. He Whatu has five key elements: Identity, Language, Distance, Practicality, and Influence; each with three subcategories. It is activated through provoking key conversations to inform future community action.

year: 2023