title: Hierarchical interface-based supervisory control using the conflict preorder

authors: Malik, Robi

subjects: discrete event systems

abstract: Hierarchical Interface-Based Supervisory Control decomposes a large discrete event system into subsystems linked to each other by interfaces, facilitating the design of complex systems and the re-use of components. By ensuring that each subsystem satisfies its interface consistency conditions locally, it can be ensured that the complete system is controllable and nonblocking. The interface consistency conditions proposed in this paper are based on the conflict preorder, providing increased flexibility over previous approaches. The framework requires only a small number of interface consistency conditions, and allows for the design of multi-level hierarchies that are provably controllable and nonblocking.

text: Hierarchical interface-based supervisory control using the conflict preorder Hierarchical Interface-Based Supervisory Control decomposes a large discrete event system into subsystems linked to each other by interfaces, facilitating the design of complex systems and the re-use of components. By ensuring that each subsystem satisfies its interface consistency conditions locally, it can be ensured that the complete system is controllable and nonblocking. The interface consistency conditions proposed in this paper are based on the conflict preorder, providing increased flexibility over previous approaches. The framework requires only a small number of interface consistency conditions, and allows for the design of multi-level hierarchies that are provably controllable and nonblocking.

year: 2012

title: Supercapacitor assisted extra low frequency power converters and surge protectors: Applying Supercapacitor Assisted Loss Management Concept in practical applications

authors: Ariyarathna, Thilanga

abstract: Traditionally, supercapacitors are used as energy storage devices, replacing or hybridizing with batteries. Typical applications include UPS, power quality enhancers, automotive, electric vehicles and portable devices. However, if a super-capacitor is treated as a device with a million times higher capacitance, they can be used in different application domains, such as high-efficiency linear DC-DC converters, surge absorbers, LED lighting systems and inverters with completely new design approaches. These supercapacitor-assisted (SCA) techniques use the two essential properties of an ideal supercapacitor, (i) very long time constant and/or (ii) performances as lossless voltage droppers. This paper presents a summary of Supercapacitor Assisted Loss Management (SCALoM), as the underlying basis for high-efficiency converters and protection systems, such as the SCA low dropout (SCALDO) regulator, SCA surge absorber (SCASA) and others. An important property of SCALDO is high efficiency at a very low frequency with DC-UPS capability. SCASA is a high-performance surge absorber with less component count than traditional protectors and with higher endurance to repeated high surges, adhering to UL 1449 (3rd Edition) test procedure. The paper will also show how SCALoM concept could be generally used in converters useful in renewable energy systems.

text: Supercapacitor assisted extra low frequency power converters and surge protectors: Applying Supercapacitor Assisted Loss Management Concept in practical applications Traditionally, supercapacitors are used as energy storage devices, replacing or hybridizing with batteries. Typical applications include UPS, power quality enhancers, automotive, electric vehicles and portable devices. However, if a super-capacitor is treated as a device with a million times higher capacitance, they can be used in different application domains, such as high-efficiency linear DC-DC converters, surge absorbers, LED lighting systems and inverters with completely new design approaches. These supercapacitor-assisted (SCA) techniques use the two essential properties of an ideal supercapacitor, (i) very long time constant and/or (ii) performances as lossless voltage droppers. This paper presents a summary of Supercapacitor Assisted Loss Management (SCALoM), as the underlying basis for high-efficiency converters and protection systems, such as the SCA low dropout (SCALDO) regulator, SCA surge absorber (SCASA) and others. An important property of SCALDO is high efficiency at a very low frequency with DC-UPS capability. SCASA is a high-performance surge absorber with less component count than traditional protectors and with higher endurance to repeated high surges, adhering to UL 1449 (3rd Edition) test procedure. The paper will also show how SCALoM concept could be generally used in converters useful in renewable energy systems.

year: 2023-01-01

title: Maori perspectives of the environment: A review of resource use consent submissions made by iwi to Environment Waikato.

authors: Whangapirita, Laura

subjects: Maori

abstract: As part of our broader brief to gather, summarise, analyse and distribute information held by Environment Waikato on Maori and the environment, we reviewed and summarised iwi consent submissions made on various resource use consent applications. This report refers to values and beliefs sourced from iwi submissions held by Environment Waikato and are presented within a Maori values framework to highlight environmental perspectives of tangata whenua in the Waikato region.

text: Maori perspectives of the environment: A review of resource use consent submissions made by iwi to Environment Waikato. As part of our broader brief to gather, summarise, analyse and distribute information held by Environment Waikato on Maori and the environment, we reviewed and summarised iwi consent submissions made on various resource use consent applications. This report refers to values and beliefs sourced from iwi submissions held by Environment Waikato and are presented within a Maori values framework to highlight environmental perspectives of tangata whenua in the Waikato region.

year: 2003-11