title: Changes in carbon and nitrogen stocks following conversion of plantation forest to dairy pasture on Vitrands (Pumice Soils), New Zealand

authors: Lewis, Riki Windsor

abstract: Between 1990 and 2010 some New Zealand plantation forests underwent deforestation to establish dairy farms. The main area of land-use conversion to pasture is to the north of Lake Taupo in the Central North Island (Figures 1 and 2). Pinus radiata (radiata pine) plantations were established in the late 1920s-early 1930s because the Vitrands (Pumice Soils) predominant in the Central North Island were deficient in Co and other trace elements, causing a fatal stock disease in sheep and cattle known as ‘bush sickness’. Bush sickness was subsequently rectified in the mid-1930s with the regular addition of Co, so pastoral farming became viable. The high price of milk solids has recently led to renewed interest in dairying. Recent studies have shown carbon can accumulate following deforestation and establishment of pasture (Fearnside and Barbosa, 1998; Murty et al. 2002; Hedley et al. 2009). However, more information on the rate of accumulation of carbon after deforestation is needed. Increases in soil carbon can improve physical and chemical soil properties, and is an important store of global carbon.

text: Changes in carbon and nitrogen stocks following conversion of plantation forest to dairy pasture on Vitrands (Pumice Soils), New Zealand Between 1990 and 2010 some New Zealand plantation forests underwent deforestation to establish dairy farms. The main area of land-use conversion to pasture is to the north of Lake Taupo in the Central North Island (Figures 1 and 2). Pinus radiata (radiata pine) plantations were established in the late 1920s-early 1930s because the Vitrands (Pumice Soils) predominant in the Central North Island were deficient in Co and other trace elements, causing a fatal stock disease in sheep and cattle known as ‘bush sickness’. Bush sickness was subsequently rectified in the mid-1930s with the regular addition of Co, so pastoral farming became viable. The high price of milk solids has recently led to renewed interest in dairying. Recent studies have shown carbon can accumulate following deforestation and establishment of pasture (Fearnside and Barbosa, 1998; Murty et al. 2002; Hedley et al. 2009). However, more information on the rate of accumulation of carbon after deforestation is needed. Increases in soil carbon can improve physical and chemical soil properties, and is an important store of global carbon.

year: 2010

title: Market uncertainty, market sentiment, and the post-earnings announcement drift

authors: Bird, Ron

subjects: anomalies

abstract: Post-earnings announcement drift (PEAD) which was first identified over 40 years ago seems to be as much alive today as it ever was. Numerous attempts have been made to explain its continued existence. In this paper we provide evidence to support a new explanation: that the PEAD is a reflection of the level of market uncertainty and sentiment that prevails during the post-announcement period. The overriding conclusion from our analysis is that both uncertainty and sentiment play a central role in determining investor behaviour and it is this behaviour that ultimately determines the pricing that is observed in financial markets.

text: Market uncertainty, market sentiment, and the post-earnings announcement drift Post-earnings announcement drift (PEAD) which was first identified over 40 years ago seems to be as much alive today as it ever was. Numerous attempts have been made to explain its continued existence. In this paper we provide evidence to support a new explanation: that the PEAD is a reflection of the level of market uncertainty and sentiment that prevails during the post-announcement period. The overriding conclusion from our analysis is that both uncertainty and sentiment play a central role in determining investor behaviour and it is this behaviour that ultimately determines the pricing that is observed in financial markets.

year: 2013

title: Māori language resources and Māori initiatives for teaching and learning te reo Māori

authors: Greensill, Hineitimoana

abstract: As the most southerly member of the Polynesian languages, a sub-group of the widespread Austronesian language family (Harlow, 2007), te reo Māori has been the subject of substantial analysis, documentation, and analyses of its structure since first contact with Captain Cook in 1769 (Whaanga & Greensill, 2014). The history, trials and tribulations of te reo Māori in Aotearoa have been well documented (see, for example, Reedy, 2000; Spolsky, 2005; Waitangi Tribunal, 1986, 2011). The various reasons for the language’s decline has been an area of ongoing debate and critique by academics, researchers, linguists, language activists, parliamentarians and Māori in recent times (see, for example, Bauer, 2008; Benton, 2015; Higgins, Rewi, & Olsen-Reeder, 2014; Rata, 2007; Winitana, 2011).

text: Māori language resources and Māori initiatives for teaching and learning te reo Māori As the most southerly member of the Polynesian languages, a sub-group of the widespread Austronesian language family (Harlow, 2007), te reo Māori has been the subject of substantial analysis, documentation, and analyses of its structure since first contact with Captain Cook in 1769 (Whaanga & Greensill, 2014). The history, trials and tribulations of te reo Māori in Aotearoa have been well documented (see, for example, Reedy, 2000; Spolsky, 2005; Waitangi Tribunal, 1986, 2011). The various reasons for the language’s decline has been an area of ongoing debate and critique by academics, researchers, linguists, language activists, parliamentarians and Māori in recent times (see, for example, Bauer, 2008; Benton, 2015; Higgins, Rewi, & Olsen-Reeder, 2014; Rata, 2007; Winitana, 2011).

year: 2017