title: Fairness as Order: A Grammatical and Etymological Prolegomenon

authors: Cupit, Geoffrey

abstract: If frequency of use and early acquisition are any guides to significance, fairness must be one of our more important moral concepts. Complaints of unfairness are ubiquitous, and the obsession of children for fairness is a notorious feature of family life. Yet the concept of fairness receives little attention from moral philosophers. This neglect may seem deserved for two reasons. First, it may be said that fairness is concerned only with procedures and with interpersonal comparisons, and that neither of these matters raises any deep philosophical issues. Thus there may seem no need to analyze the concept of fairness. Second, it may be said that fairness is a part of justice, and hence that issues of fairness are addressed, if only implicitly, by accounts of justice. Again, then, discussion of fairness is unnecessary.

text: Fairness as Order: A Grammatical and Etymological Prolegomenon If frequency of use and early acquisition are any guides to significance, fairness must be one of our more important moral concepts. Complaints of unfairness are ubiquitous, and the obsession of children for fairness is a notorious feature of family life. Yet the concept of fairness receives little attention from moral philosophers. This neglect may seem deserved for two reasons. First, it may be said that fairness is concerned only with procedures and with interpersonal comparisons, and that neither of these matters raises any deep philosophical issues. Thus there may seem no need to analyze the concept of fairness. Second, it may be said that fairness is a part of justice, and hence that issues of fairness are addressed, if only implicitly, by accounts of justice. Again, then, discussion of fairness is unnecessary.

year: 2011

title: Instrumentation of environment lab filter columns, settling tanks and flocculators

authors: Luo, Weiyang

subjects: Water

abstract: This project was focused on the installation of three water purification systems in the environmental lab of the University of Waikato. Each system consists of a flocculator, a settling tank(clarifier) and a filtration column. The settling tanks were different from each other, one conventional, one laminar and one hopper-bottom clarifier.
The systems were then to be linked with instrumentation to measure and control the purification process in Arduino. The instrumentation included 
•	One flowmeter
•	Two pH meters
•	Two Turbidity sensors
•	One zeta potential meter
Turbidity meters at the inlet to the coagulation and flocculation system, after the coagulation and flocculation, after the clarifiers and after the filters.
The instrumentation was also required to log their reading so students could collect and analyse the data.
The instruments required for the project were purchased with a budget. Prior to the purchase, a list of all items to be purchased was made with comparison on the specification as well as the price. 
A P&ID diagram was made showing the schematic relations between instruments and the equipment.
Once installation of the system was complete, calibration of the sensors were conducted before the runs of the system, whereupon data was collected and analysed.

text: Instrumentation of environment lab filter columns, settling tanks and flocculators This project was focused on the installation of three water purification systems in the environmental lab of the University of Waikato. Each system consists of a flocculator, a settling tank(clarifier) and a filtration column. The settling tanks were different from each other, one conventional, one laminar and one hopper-bottom clarifier.
The systems were then to be linked with instrumentation to measure and control the purification process in Arduino. The instrumentation included 
•	One flowmeter
•	Two pH meters
•	Two Turbidity sensors
•	One zeta potential meter
Turbidity meters at the inlet to the coagulation and flocculation system, after the coagulation and flocculation, after the clarifiers and after the filters.
The instrumentation was also required to log their reading so students could collect and analyse the data.
The instruments required for the project were purchased with a budget. Prior to the purchase, a list of all items to be purchased was made with comparison on the specification as well as the price. 
A P&ID diagram was made showing the schematic relations between instruments and the equipment.
Once installation of the system was complete, calibration of the sensors were conducted before the runs of the system, whereupon data was collected and analysed.

year: 2021

title: Pūrākau, death, and assisted dying: A Māori framework for understanding end-of-life

authors: Karaka-Clarke, Te Hurinui

subjects: Pūrākau, Assisted Dying, Tikanga Māori, Mōair Cosmology, End of Life: Ethics, Mana Motuhake, Wairua, Whakapapa, Relational Autonomy

abstract: This conceptual article addresses several critical gaps in health literature by exploring the ethical, spiritual, and cultural dimensions of assisted dying through the lens of Tikanga Māori and pūrākau (ancestral narratives).  While existing end-of-life policy frameworks often prioritize Western bioethical principles, this article argues for the inclusion of Kaupapa Māori principles such as whakapapa, wairua, mana motuhake, and tapu/ noa as essential components of culturally resonant care.    Drawing upon foundational narratives including the separation of  Ranginui and Papatūānuku, the creation of Hineahuone, the transformation of Hinetītama into Hinenuitepō, and the fatal attempt of Māui to conquer death, we position pūrākau as dynamic ethical texts that guide decision-making.  This article contributes to Indigenous health discourse by offering a whānau-centred, tikanga-informed critique of the End-of-Life Choice Act 2019 and calls for broader recognition of spiritual and relational dimensions in end-of-life care.   We contend that, when under-taken with whānau engagement, spiritual awareness, and cultural integrity, may be ethically compatible with tikanga Māori

text: Pūrākau, death, and assisted dying: A Māori framework for understanding end-of-life This conceptual article addresses several critical gaps in health literature by exploring the ethical, spiritual, and cultural dimensions of assisted dying through the lens of Tikanga Māori and pūrākau (ancestral narratives).  While existing end-of-life policy frameworks often prioritize Western bioethical principles, this article argues for the inclusion of Kaupapa Māori principles such as whakapapa, wairua, mana motuhake, and tapu/ noa as essential components of culturally resonant care.    Drawing upon foundational narratives including the separation of  Ranginui and Papatūānuku, the creation of Hineahuone, the transformation of Hinetītama into Hinenuitepō, and the fatal attempt of Māui to conquer death, we position pūrākau as dynamic ethical texts that guide decision-making.  This article contributes to Indigenous health discourse by offering a whānau-centred, tikanga-informed critique of the End-of-Life Choice Act 2019 and calls for broader recognition of spiritual and relational dimensions in end-of-life care.   We contend that, when under-taken with whānau engagement, spiritual awareness, and cultural integrity, may be ethically compatible with tikanga Māori

year: 2025-09-24