title: Probing the Lewis basicity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] on tin substrates by electrospray mass spectrometry

authors: Yeo, Jeremy S.L.

subjects: chemistry

abstract: Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (ESMS) has been used as a tool to probe the reactivity of [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] with tin(IV) substrates, which leads to the formation of charged coordination complexes via loss of halides. The metal substrates used in the displacement reactions are SnRxCl4 – x (x = 1, R = Me, Bu or Ph; x = 2, R = Me, Bu, Et or Ph; x = 3, R = Me, Ph) and Sn(CH₂Ph)₂Br₂. Most of these reactions gave both mono- and di-cations through displacement of one and two halides respectively by [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄]. ESMS was also used to monitor the progress of reactions. The products, upon isolation, were also characterized by NMR and X-ray single crystal crystallographic analysis. The crystal structures of the aggregates [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnBuCl₂)][PF₆], [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnBu₂Cl)][PF₆] and [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnMe₂Cl)][PF₆] are reported and discussed.

text: Probing the Lewis basicity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] on tin substrates by electrospray mass spectrometry Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (ESMS) has been used as a tool to probe the reactivity of [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] with tin(IV) substrates, which leads to the formation of charged coordination complexes via loss of halides. The metal substrates used in the displacement reactions are SnRxCl4 – x (x = 1, R = Me, Bu or Ph; x = 2, R = Me, Bu, Et or Ph; x = 3, R = Me, Ph) and Sn(CH₂Ph)₂Br₂. Most of these reactions gave both mono- and di-cations through displacement of one and two halides respectively by [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄]. ESMS was also used to monitor the progress of reactions. The products, upon isolation, were also characterized by NMR and X-ray single crystal crystallographic analysis. The crystal structures of the aggregates [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnBuCl₂)][PF₆], [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnBu₂Cl)][PF₆] and [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(SnMe₂Cl)][PF₆] are reported and discussed.

year: 2001

title: Holiday Destinations: Understanding the Perceptions of Omani Outbound Tourists

authors: Alsawafi, Abdulaziz Mohammed

subjects: Motivation

abstract: It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the growing numbers of Islamic tourists from countries such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) zone and Indonesia. This thesis aims to understand Omani outbound pleasure travellers by identifying their travel motivations, the main travel and leisure constraints they experience, and how they overcome these constraints. It also investigates the influence of Islamic teachings on their choice of a pleasure destination and their participation in leisure activities. 
The main data collection methods involved in-depth interviews (n = 27) (the qualitative phase), and the distribution of a self-completion questionnaire (n = 298) (a quantitative phase) to both actual travellers and non-travellers. A mixed method approach allowed further insight into the research phenomenon as well as enhancing the trustworthiness of the research findings. Content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data using CatPac (CATegory PACkage) and Leximancer software, while the quantitative data were analysed by utilising analysis techniques including T-tests, ANOVA, factor analysis, cluster analysis, regression, and MANOVA in SPSS.
The study identifies: (a) the most important push and pull travel motivations for Omani outbound tourists; (b) the main travel and leisure constraints that inhibit Omanis from travelling overseas and participating in leisure activities; and, (c) the most frequent travel and leisure negotiation strategies that are adopted to overcome these constraints. The results of the study also determine the influence of socio-demographic variables (gender, marital status, age, educational level, income, and occupation) on Omani tourists' perceptions and behaviours. In terms of the impact of Islamic teachings, this study finds that the Islamic teachings have an indirect influence on the choice of a pleasure travel destination and a direct influence on participation in leisure activities. In relation to market segmentation, the study finds that it is possible to segment Omani outbound tourists based on their travel motivations. Further, this study suggests that participation, or nonparticipation, in overseas travel is an outcome of the joint action of travel motivations and constraints. Other useful findings relate to the three-dimensional leisure constraints model as well as the influence of travel motivations and constraints on the use of negotiation strategies are reported.
The current study provides information that will aid the travel and leisure industry in targeting the Muslim travel market to formulate effective marketing strategies and develop appropriate product plans. Finally, both the managerial implications of the study’s results, and possible future research directions, are discussed.

text: Holiday Destinations: Understanding the Perceptions of Omani Outbound Tourists It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the growing numbers of Islamic tourists from countries such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) zone and Indonesia. This thesis aims to understand Omani outbound pleasure travellers by identifying their travel motivations, the main travel and leisure constraints they experience, and how they overcome these constraints. It also investigates the influence of Islamic teachings on their choice of a pleasure destination and their participation in leisure activities. 
The main data collection methods involved in-depth interviews (n = 27) (the qualitative phase), and the distribution of a self-completion questionnaire (n = 298) (a quantitative phase) to both actual travellers and non-travellers. A mixed method approach allowed further insight into the research phenomenon as well as enhancing the trustworthiness of the research findings. Content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data using CatPac (CATegory PACkage) and Leximancer software, while the quantitative data were analysed by utilising analysis techniques including T-tests, ANOVA, factor analysis, cluster analysis, regression, and MANOVA in SPSS.
The study identifies: (a) the most important push and pull travel motivations for Omani outbound tourists; (b) the main travel and leisure constraints that inhibit Omanis from travelling overseas and participating in leisure activities; and, (c) the most frequent travel and leisure negotiation strategies that are adopted to overcome these constraints. The results of the study also determine the influence of socio-demographic variables (gender, marital status, age, educational level, income, and occupation) on Omani tourists' perceptions and behaviours. In terms of the impact of Islamic teachings, this study finds that the Islamic teachings have an indirect influence on the choice of a pleasure travel destination and a direct influence on participation in leisure activities. In relation to market segmentation, the study finds that it is possible to segment Omani outbound tourists based on their travel motivations. Further, this study suggests that participation, or nonparticipation, in overseas travel is an outcome of the joint action of travel motivations and constraints. Other useful findings relate to the three-dimensional leisure constraints model as well as the influence of travel motivations and constraints on the use of negotiation strategies are reported.
The current study provides information that will aid the travel and leisure industry in targeting the Muslim travel market to formulate effective marketing strategies and develop appropriate product plans. Finally, both the managerial implications of the study’s results, and possible future research directions, are discussed.

year: 2013

title: Intra-propositional relations and their signalling: An investigation of authentic Māori texts

authors: Whaanga, Hēmi

subjects: Language & education

abstract: I report here on one part of a research project that involved the investigation of a range of authentic Māori texts in terms of two types of meaning relation – those that operate within propositions (‘intra-propositional relations’) and those that link propositions or groups of propositions (‘inter-propositional relations’). The focus here is on intra-propositional relations (relationships within propositions). On the basis of the comparison of a number of intra-propositional relational models, a new model which draws inspiration from the work of Crombie is proposed and applied to a corpus of texts written in Māori, the emphasis being on the ways in which these relations are signalled in Māori.

text: Intra-propositional relations and their signalling: An investigation of authentic Māori texts I report here on one part of a research project that involved the investigation of a range of authentic Māori texts in terms of two types of meaning relation – those that operate within propositions (‘intra-propositional relations’) and those that link propositions or groups of propositions (‘inter-propositional relations’). The focus here is on intra-propositional relations (relationships within propositions). On the basis of the comparison of a number of intra-propositional relational models, a new model which draws inspiration from the work of Crombie is proposed and applied to a corpus of texts written in Māori, the emphasis being on the ways in which these relations are signalled in Māori.

year: 2010