title: Scaling acoustic directional couplers using 3D printing

authors: MacDonell, Marcus Scott Glengarry

subjects: Directional coupler

abstract: Acoustic directional couplers permit separation of forward and reverse sound pressure waves. This separation opens the way to traceable, precision acoustic reflection measurements. In order to span the audio spectrum, multiple couplers will be required as each coupler only operates slightly over one octave. To reach 20 kHz or above requires very small, mechanically-precise construction. We achieve this precision using 3D printing techniques.
The Lagasse design method was used by Pennington to create a coupler that operated over a designed range of 1-2 kHz. This design was scaled to create an acoustic directional coupler with a designed range of 10-20 kHz. Because frequency scales inversely with the size of the coupler, the coupler needs to be built with a very high degree of precision. The coupler was therefore designed and modeled in SolidWorks and 3D printed to high precision. 
Characterization of the couplers was achieved using two distinct methods. The first, a preliminary measurement method to test the hypothesis and the second, a high precision automated measurement. The automation was scripted in python on a Ubuntu Linux distribution.
Future work may include an Acoustic coupler to be used in ultrasound, to do this the coupler would need to be scaled a further 2.5 times. This would likely prove difficult as the wavelengths at 50 kHz are in the order of mm, comparable with those of electromagnetic waves at 44 GHz.

text: Scaling acoustic directional couplers using 3D printing Acoustic directional couplers permit separation of forward and reverse sound pressure waves. This separation opens the way to traceable, precision acoustic reflection measurements. In order to span the audio spectrum, multiple couplers will be required as each coupler only operates slightly over one octave. To reach 20 kHz or above requires very small, mechanically-precise construction. We achieve this precision using 3D printing techniques.
The Lagasse design method was used by Pennington to create a coupler that operated over a designed range of 1-2 kHz. This design was scaled to create an acoustic directional coupler with a designed range of 10-20 kHz. Because frequency scales inversely with the size of the coupler, the coupler needs to be built with a very high degree of precision. The coupler was therefore designed and modeled in SolidWorks and 3D printed to high precision. 
Characterization of the couplers was achieved using two distinct methods. The first, a preliminary measurement method to test the hypothesis and the second, a high precision automated measurement. The automation was scripted in python on a Ubuntu Linux distribution.
Future work may include an Acoustic coupler to be used in ultrasound, to do this the coupler would need to be scaled a further 2.5 times. This would likely prove difficult as the wavelengths at 50 kHz are in the order of mm, comparable with those of electromagnetic waves at 44 GHz.

year: 2015

title: How can we know what we think until we see what we said? A citation and citation context analysis of Karl Wieck's , 'The Social Psychology of Organizing'

authors: Anderson, Marc Howard

subjects: Karl Weick

abstract: A substantial portion of Karl Weick’s influence on organization studies is based upon his classic book The Social Psychology of Organizing (abbreviated as Organizing). A citation analysis shows the magnitude of this influence compared to five other organization studies classics, and reveals that Organizing continues to be highly cited. A citation context analysis (i.e. content analysis) of all citations to Weick (1979) in three top organization studies journals (Academy of Management Review, Administrative Science Quarterly, and Organization Studies) shows that 12 concepts account for 67.6% of citations to Organizing, but that the book is cited for a remarkable diversity of additional content as well. Furthermore, a consideration of differences between the concepts cited in the US journals versus Organization Studies reveals several regional differences. Finally, very few citations are critical of Organizing or involve empirical tests. These results hold a variety of implications for future research.

text: How can we know what we think until we see what we said? A citation and citation context analysis of Karl Wieck's , 'The Social Psychology of Organizing' A substantial portion of Karl Weick’s influence on organization studies is based upon his classic book The Social Psychology of Organizing (abbreviated as Organizing). A citation analysis shows the magnitude of this influence compared to five other organization studies classics, and reveals that Organizing continues to be highly cited. A citation context analysis (i.e. content analysis) of all citations to Weick (1979) in three top organization studies journals (Academy of Management Review, Administrative Science Quarterly, and Organization Studies) shows that 12 concepts account for 67.6% of citations to Organizing, but that the book is cited for a remarkable diversity of additional content as well. Furthermore, a consideration of differences between the concepts cited in the US journals versus Organization Studies reveals several regional differences. Finally, very few citations are critical of Organizing or involve empirical tests. These results hold a variety of implications for future research.

year: 2006

title: E tama Hikairo

authors: Maxwell, Te Kahautu

subjects: Oriori

abstract: He oriori tēnei mō Hikairo, te mokopuna tuatahi a Kīngi Tūheitia. He oriori tēnei e whakanui ana i a Hikairo, tōna whakapapa, tōna tūranga i te ao Māori me te ao Kīngitanga. He mokopuna Ringatū anō a Hikairo, nā Kīngi Tūheitia i tuku mai a Hikairo kia tūātia e Te Hāhi Ringatū ki te Poukai o Wāhi Pā i te tuawaru o Whiringa-ā-Nuku 2014. Ka whakaaturia tōna whakapono Hāhi Ringatū ki roto i te oriori nei e kupu whakaaritia ana. I tohua hoki e Kīngi Tūheitia a Te Kāhautu hai pou whakaruruhau1 mō Hikairo koinei ia i titoa ai tēnei oriori mō tana tamaiti mokopuna, mō Hikairo. He aroha nui nō te matua mō wai oti, mō Hikairo.

I titoa tēnei oriori hai waiatatanga mā te kapa haka o Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti. I waiatatia e Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti tēnei ki Te Matatini i tū ki Ōtautahi te tau rua mano tekau mā rima. He huarahi anō tēnei mā Te Kāhautu ki te whakamānawa i tana mokopuna i a Hikairo, nara nā te kapa haka a Te Kāhautu i waiata, i whakanui a Hikairo ki te maraenui o te iwi Māori, ko Te Matatini. Ana i tuatahi a Hikairo i te wehenga o Te Waiata Tira. “E Tama Hikairo, haere mai rā.”

text: E tama Hikairo He oriori tēnei mō Hikairo, te mokopuna tuatahi a Kīngi Tūheitia. He oriori tēnei e whakanui ana i a Hikairo, tōna whakapapa, tōna tūranga i te ao Māori me te ao Kīngitanga. He mokopuna Ringatū anō a Hikairo, nā Kīngi Tūheitia i tuku mai a Hikairo kia tūātia e Te Hāhi Ringatū ki te Poukai o Wāhi Pā i te tuawaru o Whiringa-ā-Nuku 2014. Ka whakaaturia tōna whakapono Hāhi Ringatū ki roto i te oriori nei e kupu whakaaritia ana. I tohua hoki e Kīngi Tūheitia a Te Kāhautu hai pou whakaruruhau1 mō Hikairo koinei ia i titoa ai tēnei oriori mō tana tamaiti mokopuna, mō Hikairo. He aroha nui nō te matua mō wai oti, mō Hikairo.

I titoa tēnei oriori hai waiatatanga mā te kapa haka o Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti. I waiatatia e Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti tēnei ki Te Matatini i tū ki Ōtautahi te tau rua mano tekau mā rima. He huarahi anō tēnei mā Te Kāhautu ki te whakamānawa i tana mokopuna i a Hikairo, nara nā te kapa haka a Te Kāhautu i waiata, i whakanui a Hikairo ki te maraenui o te iwi Māori, ko Te Matatini. Ana i tuatahi a Hikairo i te wehenga o Te Waiata Tira. “E Tama Hikairo, haere mai rā.”

year: 2016