title: Surface projection for mixed pixel restoration

authors: Larkins, Robert L.

subjects: range imaging

abstract: Amplitude modulated full-field range-imagers are measurement devices that determine the range to an object simultaneously for each pixel in the scene, but due to the nature of this operation, they commonly suffer from the significant problem of mixed pixels. Once mixed pixels are identified a common procedure is to remove them from the scene; this solution is not ideal as the captured point cloud may become damaged. This paper introduces an alternative approach, in which mixed pixels are projected onto the surface that they should belong. This is achieved by breaking the area around an identified mixed pixel into two classes. A parametric surface is then fitted to the class closest to the mixed pixel, with this mixed pixel then being project onto this surface. The restoration procedure was tested using twelve simulated scenes designed to determine its accuracy and robustness. For these simulated scenes, 93% of the mixed pixels were restored to the surface to which they belong. This mixed pixel restoration process is shown to be accurate and robust for both simulated and real world scenes, thus provides a reliable alternative to removing mixed pixels that can be easily adapted to any mixed pixel detection algorithm.

text: Surface projection for mixed pixel restoration Amplitude modulated full-field range-imagers are measurement devices that determine the range to an object simultaneously for each pixel in the scene, but due to the nature of this operation, they commonly suffer from the significant problem of mixed pixels. Once mixed pixels are identified a common procedure is to remove them from the scene; this solution is not ideal as the captured point cloud may become damaged. This paper introduces an alternative approach, in which mixed pixels are projected onto the surface that they should belong. This is achieved by breaking the area around an identified mixed pixel into two classes. A parametric surface is then fitted to the class closest to the mixed pixel, with this mixed pixel then being project onto this surface. The restoration procedure was tested using twelve simulated scenes designed to determine its accuracy and robustness. For these simulated scenes, 93% of the mixed pixels were restored to the surface to which they belong. This mixed pixel restoration process is shown to be accurate and robust for both simulated and real world scenes, thus provides a reliable alternative to removing mixed pixels that can be easily adapted to any mixed pixel detection algorithm.

year: 2009

title: Pacific students and pedagogical success [Editorial]

authors: Sharma, Sashi

abstract: Debates about rates of achievement for Pacific students have been a feature of educational conversations in New Zealand for over three decades. We do not intend rehearsing the substance of them here, as components of them are included in the articles in this special edition. However, two aspects of this ongoing commentary continue to stand out. Points related to the educational underachievement of Pacific students are an enduring feature of these discussions. Secondly, Pacific students are seen to struggle, in particular, in Science, Technology and Maths (STEM) related areas of the New Zealand curriculum. Individual Pacific students can, and do, experience success in New Zealand educational environments including in STEM-related subjects, as Fonua in this edition points out. However, their achievements are considered examples of ‘exceptions that prove the rule’ related to the continuity of a dominant assumption of underachievement. As Chu, also in this edition remarks, “education for Pacific peoples in Aotearoa New Zealand is a contentious issue” (Chu, C. 2018, p. 5) and the articles in this edition reinforce the strength of this claim.

text: Pacific students and pedagogical success [Editorial] Debates about rates of achievement for Pacific students have been a feature of educational conversations in New Zealand for over three decades. We do not intend rehearsing the substance of them here, as components of them are included in the articles in this special edition. However, two aspects of this ongoing commentary continue to stand out. Points related to the educational underachievement of Pacific students are an enduring feature of these discussions. Secondly, Pacific students are seen to struggle, in particular, in Science, Technology and Maths (STEM) related areas of the New Zealand curriculum. Individual Pacific students can, and do, experience success in New Zealand educational environments including in STEM-related subjects, as Fonua in this edition points out. However, their achievements are considered examples of ‘exceptions that prove the rule’ related to the continuity of a dominant assumption of underachievement. As Chu, also in this edition remarks, “education for Pacific peoples in Aotearoa New Zealand is a contentious issue” (Chu, C. 2018, p. 5) and the articles in this edition reinforce the strength of this claim.

year: 2018

title: Mapping Māori knowledge from the past to inform marine management futures

authors: Paul-Burke, Kura

subjects: mātauranga Māori

abstract: This article provides an overview of research which used mātauranga moana (Māori marine knowledge systems) to inform and assist Western science field research methods and surveys. Place-based Māori marine knowledge identified the traditional distribution range and sizing of taonga (culturally important) species in traditional coastal areas which had been fished and managed by consecutive generations of Māori; kina, Evechinus chloroticus, sea urchin; koura, Jasus edwardsii, red rock lobster; kūtai, Perna canaliculus, green lipped mussel; and pāua, Haliotis iris, abalone. This knowledge was then mapped and used as the baseline for sub-tidal marine science field research surveys. Findings from the transdisciplinary marine research was used to develop management actions to assist Māori and Government entities for improving, enhancing and safeguarding marine taonga species into the future. This article critically discusses and demonstrates the relevance and complementarity of mātauranga Māori and Western science, and the importance of kaupapa Māori strategies for empowering Māori collaboration and voices in marine research co-development, implementation and communication.

text: Mapping Māori knowledge from the past to inform marine management futures This article provides an overview of research which used mātauranga moana (Māori marine knowledge systems) to inform and assist Western science field research methods and surveys. Place-based Māori marine knowledge identified the traditional distribution range and sizing of taonga (culturally important) species in traditional coastal areas which had been fished and managed by consecutive generations of Māori; kina, Evechinus chloroticus, sea urchin; koura, Jasus edwardsii, red rock lobster; kūtai, Perna canaliculus, green lipped mussel; and pāua, Haliotis iris, abalone. This knowledge was then mapped and used as the baseline for sub-tidal marine science field research surveys. Findings from the transdisciplinary marine research was used to develop management actions to assist Māori and Government entities for improving, enhancing and safeguarding marine taonga species into the future. This article critically discusses and demonstrates the relevance and complementarity of mātauranga Māori and Western science, and the importance of kaupapa Māori strategies for empowering Māori collaboration and voices in marine research co-development, implementation and communication.

year: 2020