title: The effects of precipitation chemistry and catchment area lithology on the quality of river water in selected catchments in eastern Australia

authors: Douglas, Ian

abstract: The results of partial chemical analyses of precipitation and river water samples from north-east Queensland and south-eastern New South Wales are presented. Comparisons of water quality in the two areas are made using ionic ratios. While the sodium and chloride contents of precipitation in the two areas are similar, higher concentrations of calcium, magnesium and potassium occur in precipitation samples collected in New South Wales. Precipitation supplies between 25% and 70% of the total solute loads of the rivers studied. In the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales more chloride is supplied to the catchment areas than is removed by the rivers. River water quality reflects catchment lithology more than the climatic contrasts between the two study areas. Nevertheless, precipitation chemistry exerts an influence on the ionic ratios of these Australian rivers with low total dissolved solids concentrations.

text: The effects of precipitation chemistry and catchment area lithology on the quality of river water in selected catchments in eastern Australia The results of partial chemical analyses of precipitation and river water samples from north-east Queensland and south-eastern New South Wales are presented. Comparisons of water quality in the two areas are made using ionic ratios. While the sodium and chloride contents of precipitation in the two areas are similar, higher concentrations of calcium, magnesium and potassium occur in precipitation samples collected in New South Wales. Precipitation supplies between 25% and 70% of the total solute loads of the rivers studied. In the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales more chloride is supplied to the catchment areas than is removed by the rivers. River water quality reflects catchment lithology more than the climatic contrasts between the two study areas. Nevertheless, precipitation chemistry exerts an influence on the ionic ratios of these Australian rivers with low total dissolved solids concentrations.

year: 1968

title: Developing and testing a cost-effectiveness analysis to prioritize green infrastructure alternatives for climate change adaptation

authors: Reu Junqueira, Juliana

subjects: Green infrastructure

abstract: Green infrastructure has been increasingly identified as an option to help manage climate change impacts in urban areas, although its implementation is still not widely promoted in urban planning. This is because of the lack of detailed analysis for decision-makers regarding construction and maintenance costs for different types and how effective various measures are at managing precipitation at a catchment scale. This paper contributes to fill this gap in knowledge by developing a green infrastructure cost-effectiveness ranking index (GICRI) able to evaluate the stormwater runoff volume reduction of multiple green infrastructure alternatives under different climate change scenarios, over differing spatial configurations and combining this performance data with their construction and maintenance costs. After applying this model over two case study areas, this paper provides three main insights. First, climate change projections have a significant impact on green infrastructure cost-effectiveness. Second, as green infrastructure cost-effectiveness is influenced by the spatial scale, there are different challenges for larger cities and smaller regional towns. Building on this, the paper argues that GICRI can be a simple and fast heuristic to increase the use of green infrastructure by informing decision-makers regarding how and where to prioritize investment or where greater modelling is needed.

text: Developing and testing a cost-effectiveness analysis to prioritize green infrastructure alternatives for climate change adaptation Green infrastructure has been increasingly identified as an option to help manage climate change impacts in urban areas, although its implementation is still not widely promoted in urban planning. This is because of the lack of detailed analysis for decision-makers regarding construction and maintenance costs for different types and how effective various measures are at managing precipitation at a catchment scale. This paper contributes to fill this gap in knowledge by developing a green infrastructure cost-effectiveness ranking index (GICRI) able to evaluate the stormwater runoff volume reduction of multiple green infrastructure alternatives under different climate change scenarios, over differing spatial configurations and combining this performance data with their construction and maintenance costs. After applying this model over two case study areas, this paper provides three main insights. First, climate change projections have a significant impact on green infrastructure cost-effectiveness. Second, as green infrastructure cost-effectiveness is influenced by the spatial scale, there are different challenges for larger cities and smaller regional towns. Building on this, the paper argues that GICRI can be a simple and fast heuristic to increase the use of green infrastructure by informing decision-makers regarding how and where to prioritize investment or where greater modelling is needed.

year: 2022-11-23

title: Participant responses to a tertiary-level Māori language immersion programme: Reporting on a questionnaire-based survey

authors: Nock, Sophie

subjects: Hamilton (N.Z.)

abstract: The article reports about a research project which was aimed at collecting and analyzing data related to the views of the students about a degree programme related to the Māori language in University of Waikato in 2008. As mentioned, a questionnaire was conducted to obtain the responses of the students. But the study revealed that success inhibiting factors were there which affected learning ability of learners, and students had little language proficiency.

text: Participant responses to a tertiary-level Māori language immersion programme: Reporting on a questionnaire-based survey The article reports about a research project which was aimed at collecting and analyzing data related to the views of the students about a degree programme related to the Māori language in University of Waikato in 2008. As mentioned, a questionnaire was conducted to obtain the responses of the students. But the study revealed that success inhibiting factors were there which affected learning ability of learners, and students had little language proficiency.

year: 2010