title: Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal tracking to establish percentile data and assess performance progression in swimmers

authors: Born, Dennis‑Peter

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: To provide percentile curves for short-course swimming events, including 5 swimming strokes, 6 race distances, and both sexes, as well as to compare diferences in race times between cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal tracking, a total of 31,645,621 race times of male and female swimmers were analyzed. Two percentile datasets were established from individual swimmers’ annual best times and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine diferences between cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal tracking. A software-based percentile calculator was provided to extract the exact percentile for a given race time. Longitudinal tracking reduced the number of annual best times that were included in the percentiles by 98.35% to 262,071 and showed faster mean race times (P< 0.05) compared to the cross-sectional analysis. This diference was found in the lower percentiles (1st to 20th) across all age categories (P< 0.05); however, in the upper percentiles (80th to 99th), longitudinal tracking showed faster race times during early and late junior age only (P< 0.05), after which race times approximated cross-sectional tracking. The percentile calculator provides quick and easy data access to facilitate practical application of percentiles in training or competition. Longitudinal tracking that accounts for drop-out may predict performance progression towards elite age, particularly for high-performance swimmers.

text: Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal tracking to establish percentile data and assess performance progression in swimmers To provide percentile curves for short-course swimming events, including 5 swimming strokes, 6 race distances, and both sexes, as well as to compare diferences in race times between cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal tracking, a total of 31,645,621 race times of male and female swimmers were analyzed. Two percentile datasets were established from individual swimmers’ annual best times and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine diferences between cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal tracking. A software-based percentile calculator was provided to extract the exact percentile for a given race time. Longitudinal tracking reduced the number of annual best times that were included in the percentiles by 98.35% to 262,071 and showed faster mean race times (P< 0.05) compared to the cross-sectional analysis. This diference was found in the lower percentiles (1st to 20th) across all age categories (P< 0.05); however, in the upper percentiles (80th to 99th), longitudinal tracking showed faster race times during early and late junior age only (P< 0.05), after which race times approximated cross-sectional tracking. The percentile calculator provides quick and easy data access to facilitate practical application of percentiles in training or competition. Longitudinal tracking that accounts for drop-out may predict performance progression towards elite age, particularly for high-performance swimmers.

year: 2022

title: Yet another approach to compositional synthesis of discrete event systems

authors: Malik, Robi

subjects: computer science

abstract: A two-pass algorithm for compositional synthesis of modular supervisors for large-scale systems of composed finite-state automata is proposed. The first pass provides an efficient method to determine whether a supervisory control problem has a solution, without explicitly constructing the synchronous composition of all components. If a solution exists, the second pass yields an over-approximation of the least restrictive solution which, if nonblocking, is a modular representation of the least restrictive supervisor. Using a new type of equivalence of nondeterministic processes, called synthesis equivalence, a wide range of abstractions can be employed to mitigate state-space explosion throughout the algorithm.

text: Yet another approach to compositional synthesis of discrete event systems A two-pass algorithm for compositional synthesis of modular supervisors for large-scale systems of composed finite-state automata is proposed. The first pass provides an efficient method to determine whether a supervisory control problem has a solution, without explicitly constructing the synchronous composition of all components. If a solution exists, the second pass yields an over-approximation of the least restrictive solution which, if nonblocking, is a modular representation of the least restrictive supervisor. Using a new type of equivalence of nondeterministic processes, called synthesis equivalence, a wide range of abstractions can be employed to mitigate state-space explosion throughout the algorithm.

year: 2008

title: E hoki mai nei ki te ūkaipō | Return to your place of nourishment [Gallagher Academy of Performing Arts]

authors: Apiata, Hāwea

abstract: E hoki mai nei ki te ūkaipō | Return to your Place of Nourishment brings together works by four wāhine Māori artists which explore narratives of pakanga|conflict through toi|art. This exhibition aims to create a dialogic space in which the artworks reflect and challenge the current troubled economic and political landscape. In this show, the four artists weave together their unique practices and stories to present a cohesive yet diverse examination of conflicts, with a particular focus on the artists’ own whānau and hapū narratives.

Ultimately, this collection of works interrogates political strategies that have exploited division and discord through carefully curated histories. This collection is also a reclamation of those narratives and histories by descendants who live in the aftermath of their ancestors’ mamae | pain.

text: E hoki mai nei ki te ūkaipō | Return to your place of nourishment [Gallagher Academy of Performing Arts] E hoki mai nei ki te ūkaipō | Return to your Place of Nourishment brings together works by four wāhine Māori artists which explore narratives of pakanga|conflict through toi|art. This exhibition aims to create a dialogic space in which the artworks reflect and challenge the current troubled economic and political landscape. In this show, the four artists weave together their unique practices and stories to present a cohesive yet diverse examination of conflicts, with a particular focus on the artists’ own whānau and hapū narratives.

Ultimately, this collection of works interrogates political strategies that have exploited division and discord through carefully curated histories. This collection is also a reclamation of those narratives and histories by descendants who live in the aftermath of their ancestors’ mamae | pain.

year: 2024