title: An exploratory faunal survey of New Zealand temperate rainforest epiphytes

authors: Kirby, Catherine Louise

abstract: Epiphyte communities and their corresponding faunal assemblages were quantified on the canopy trees Agathis australis and Metrosideros robusta. A diverse community of native fauna that included invertebrates, reptiles and birds was associated with the nest epiphytes Collospermum hastatum and Astelia solandri as well as mats of small, mantling epiphytic plants. The first record of the copepod Attheyella lewisae in epiphyte phytotelmata is reported as well as the second New Zealand report of geckos in epiphytes. Alongside 1,003 video sightings and 794 collected specimens from only four host trees, these records signal the significant potential of canopy studies to reveal unknown communities and relationships in New Zealand’s forest canopies. The study of epiphyte-fauna associations in New Zealand and elsewhere is constrained by complications inherent with accessing forest canopies. Canopy video cameras and substrate sampling were successfully employed in the first all-taxa exploratory survey of epiphyte communities in a temperate rainforest in northern New Zealand. An evaluation of different research methods indicates that a range of surveying techniques should be employed to sample diversity and abundance of different microhabitats. Key words: epiphyte; fauna; invertebrate; reptile; canopy; habitat

text: An exploratory faunal survey of New Zealand temperate rainforest epiphytes Epiphyte communities and their corresponding faunal assemblages were quantified on the canopy trees Agathis australis and Metrosideros robusta. A diverse community of native fauna that included invertebrates, reptiles and birds was associated with the nest epiphytes Collospermum hastatum and Astelia solandri as well as mats of small, mantling epiphytic plants. The first record of the copepod Attheyella lewisae in epiphyte phytotelmata is reported as well as the second New Zealand report of geckos in epiphytes. Alongside 1,003 video sightings and 794 collected specimens from only four host trees, these records signal the significant potential of canopy studies to reveal unknown communities and relationships in New Zealand’s forest canopies. The study of epiphyte-fauna associations in New Zealand and elsewhere is constrained by complications inherent with accessing forest canopies. Canopy video cameras and substrate sampling were successfully employed in the first all-taxa exploratory survey of epiphyte communities in a temperate rainforest in northern New Zealand. An evaluation of different research methods indicates that a range of surveying techniques should be employed to sample diversity and abundance of different microhabitats. Key words: epiphyte; fauna; invertebrate; reptile; canopy; habitat

year: 2014-06-01

title: General anesthetic-induced seizures can be explained by a mean-field model of cortical dynamics

authors: Wilson, Marcus T.

subjects: nervous system diseases

abstract: In this article, we describe a mathematical model of cerebral cortical function (the so-called mean-field model). We conclude that the technique of mean-field modelling of the cerebral cortex is able to explain parsimoniously and elegantly a constellation of counterintuitive neuropharmacologic experimental data.

text: General anesthetic-induced seizures can be explained by a mean-field model of cortical dynamics In this article, we describe a mathematical model of cerebral cortical function (the so-called mean-field model). We conclude that the technique of mean-field modelling of the cerebral cortex is able to explain parsimoniously and elegantly a constellation of counterintuitive neuropharmacologic experimental data.

year: 2006

title: The issues of the criminal justice system and of resources in Aotearoa/New Zealand

authors: Toki, Valmaine

abstract: Within the seven regions, recognized by the United Nations, various jurisdictions have acknowledged Indigenous rights within their respective constitutions. Although not explicit, some constitutional provisions, such as those included in the Norwegian Constitution, when read together with other articles, provide tentative opportunities for the implementation of an Indigenous legal system and an Indigenous court. Some Constitutions, such as that of Ecuador, are more explicit in providing constitutional recognition of an Indigenous legal system as well as rights to nature and, the interim Constitution of Nepal, courts for Indigenous Peoples.

text: The issues of the criminal justice system and of resources in Aotearoa/New Zealand Within the seven regions, recognized by the United Nations, various jurisdictions have acknowledged Indigenous rights within their respective constitutions. Although not explicit, some constitutional provisions, such as those included in the Norwegian Constitution, when read together with other articles, provide tentative opportunities for the implementation of an Indigenous legal system and an Indigenous court. Some Constitutions, such as that of Ecuador, are more explicit in providing constitutional recognition of an Indigenous legal system as well as rights to nature and, the interim Constitution of Nepal, courts for Indigenous Peoples.

year: 2014