title: Analytical Description of Steady Magnetic Reconnection in Hall Magnetohydrodynamics

authors: Litvinenko, Yuri E.

abstract: Steady magnetic reconnection in the framework of incompressible Hall magnetohydrodynamics is considered. The principal role of the Hall effect in the formation of the structure of the reconnecting current sheet is emphasized. Analytical expressions for the velocity and the magnetic field in the sheet are derived, based on the approximation of a weak two dimensionality of the planar components of the solution. The analytical solution illustrates key features of Hall magnetic reconnection, including the reconnection rate enhancement and the sheet thinning due to the Hall effect, the presence of a quadrupolar axial (out-of-the-plane) magnetic field that controls the geometry of the reconnecting planar magnetic field, and the dynamical coupling of the axial and planar components of the solution, with the coupling strength that is proportional to the ion skin depth. Scalings for the sheet thickness, width, and the reconnection inflow and outflow speeds in terms of the electric resistivity and the axial magnetic field are determined. Implications of the results for fast magnetic reconnection in a weakly collisional plasma of the solar corona are discussed.

text: Analytical Description of Steady Magnetic Reconnection in Hall Magnetohydrodynamics Steady magnetic reconnection in the framework of incompressible Hall magnetohydrodynamics is considered. The principal role of the Hall effect in the formation of the structure of the reconnecting current sheet is emphasized. Analytical expressions for the velocity and the magnetic field in the sheet are derived, based on the approximation of a weak two dimensionality of the planar components of the solution. The analytical solution illustrates key features of Hall magnetic reconnection, including the reconnection rate enhancement and the sheet thinning due to the Hall effect, the presence of a quadrupolar axial (out-of-the-plane) magnetic field that controls the geometry of the reconnecting planar magnetic field, and the dynamical coupling of the axial and planar components of the solution, with the coupling strength that is proportional to the ion skin depth. Scalings for the sheet thickness, width, and the reconnection inflow and outflow speeds in terms of the electric resistivity and the axial magnetic field are determined. Implications of the results for fast magnetic reconnection in a weakly collisional plasma of the solar corona are discussed.

year: 2009

title: The impact of psychopathy on managers' wellbeing and burnout: The role of authenticity

authors: Preston, Amanda Kate

subjects: Psychopathy

abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of psychopathy on individuals’ wellbeing and burnout amongst a sample of managers across a wide range of organisations in New Zealand.  This study also investigated the role of authenticity in an attempt to examine its influence amongst these relationships.  In addressing gaps in the literature, the current study employed the Triarchic model of psychopathy to examine the effects of three dimensions of psychopathy (disinhibition, meanness, boldness) separately rather than unidimensionally in order to demonstrate a thorough assessment of how each dimension exerts its influence on individuals in the workplace.  
Through the utilisation of the Job Demands-Resources model, this study proposed that disinhibition and meanness, being more maladaptive, would limit individuals’ access to job resources and exacerbate the negative effects of job demands thereby resulting in lower wellbeing and higher burnout.  Conversely, boldness was hypothesised to be more adaptive for individuals and therefore would assist in the attainment of job resources while decreasing the negative effects of job demands.  In turn, bold individuals would be more likely to demonstrate higher wellbeing and lower burnout.  Authenticity was proposed to act as a personal resource operating as both a moderator and mediator in these relationships.  
Moderation and mediation analyses were conducted in SPSS to test the proposed hypotheses. A number of hypotheses were supported; boldness predicted higher wellbeing; both disinhibition and meanness predicted higher emotional exhaustion; boldness predicted lower emotional exhaustion; both disinhibition and meanness predicted higher depersonalisation; and boldness predicted lower depersonalisation.  Moderation analyses produced no significant findings, however some mediation effects were found.  Authenticity mediated the relationship between; disinhibition and wellbeing; meanness and wellbeing; disinhibition and depersonalisation; meanness and depersonalisation and boldness and depersonalisation.  Some hypotheses were not supported indicating that there are likely factors other than authenticity which influence these relationships and therefore, further research in this area is advised. 
This study presents a number of implications for theory as well as practice.  While there is a great deal of research assessing the impact of manager psychopathy on subordinates, there is very little research pertaining to how those with psychopathic traits are impacted by these traits themselves.  The current study addressed this in an attempt to shed light on the wellbeing and workplace functioning of those who demonstrate both maladaptive and adaptive psychopathic traits.   Furthermore, this study investigated a previously under-researched personal resource - authenticity, both as a moderator and mediator in order to gain a more robust understanding of its influence.  
This study highlights that organisations should screen for psychopathy in the workplace to identify those who demonstrate maladaptive tendencies and to put strategies in place to support these individuals as well as implement processes to protect others in the workplace from those who have maladaptive traits.  It is also evident that those who demonstrate boldness may potentially be an asset to organisations given their potential to accumulate important resources on the job.  Results suggest that through the promotion of authenticity at work, organisations can cultivate a healthier and more functional working environment.

text: The impact of psychopathy on managers' wellbeing and burnout: The role of authenticity The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of psychopathy on individuals’ wellbeing and burnout amongst a sample of managers across a wide range of organisations in New Zealand.  This study also investigated the role of authenticity in an attempt to examine its influence amongst these relationships.  In addressing gaps in the literature, the current study employed the Triarchic model of psychopathy to examine the effects of three dimensions of psychopathy (disinhibition, meanness, boldness) separately rather than unidimensionally in order to demonstrate a thorough assessment of how each dimension exerts its influence on individuals in the workplace.  
Through the utilisation of the Job Demands-Resources model, this study proposed that disinhibition and meanness, being more maladaptive, would limit individuals’ access to job resources and exacerbate the negative effects of job demands thereby resulting in lower wellbeing and higher burnout.  Conversely, boldness was hypothesised to be more adaptive for individuals and therefore would assist in the attainment of job resources while decreasing the negative effects of job demands.  In turn, bold individuals would be more likely to demonstrate higher wellbeing and lower burnout.  Authenticity was proposed to act as a personal resource operating as both a moderator and mediator in these relationships.  
Moderation and mediation analyses were conducted in SPSS to test the proposed hypotheses. A number of hypotheses were supported; boldness predicted higher wellbeing; both disinhibition and meanness predicted higher emotional exhaustion; boldness predicted lower emotional exhaustion; both disinhibition and meanness predicted higher depersonalisation; and boldness predicted lower depersonalisation.  Moderation analyses produced no significant findings, however some mediation effects were found.  Authenticity mediated the relationship between; disinhibition and wellbeing; meanness and wellbeing; disinhibition and depersonalisation; meanness and depersonalisation and boldness and depersonalisation.  Some hypotheses were not supported indicating that there are likely factors other than authenticity which influence these relationships and therefore, further research in this area is advised. 
This study presents a number of implications for theory as well as practice.  While there is a great deal of research assessing the impact of manager psychopathy on subordinates, there is very little research pertaining to how those with psychopathic traits are impacted by these traits themselves.  The current study addressed this in an attempt to shed light on the wellbeing and workplace functioning of those who demonstrate both maladaptive and adaptive psychopathic traits.   Furthermore, this study investigated a previously under-researched personal resource - authenticity, both as a moderator and mediator in order to gain a more robust understanding of its influence.  
This study highlights that organisations should screen for psychopathy in the workplace to identify those who demonstrate maladaptive tendencies and to put strategies in place to support these individuals as well as implement processes to protect others in the workplace from those who have maladaptive traits.  It is also evident that those who demonstrate boldness may potentially be an asset to organisations given their potential to accumulate important resources on the job.  Results suggest that through the promotion of authenticity at work, organisations can cultivate a healthier and more functional working environment.

year: 2020

title: An integral rite of passage: embedding the aesthetic in adventure education in the pursuit of wellbeing

authors: Wagstaff, Ruth

subjects: wellbeing

abstract: The context for this study was the implementation of an arts integrated unit examined through the lenses of wellbeing, adventure education, children’s spirituality and aesthetic experience. The author’s personal experiences as a holistic educator, connecting theory and practice in educational settings, informed the devising of the learning experiences incorporated into this contemporary ‘Rites of Passage’, arts integrated unit. They also informed the qualitative methods selected for this research. Students reported on their own and others’ perceived state of “wholeness” and completeness of experience and the New Zealand Maori concepts of “hauora” – mental and emotional, physical, social and spiritual wellbeing were examined. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed that a holistic, integrative approach to learning was valued by the students and contributed significantly to their experience of wellbeing and wholeness. The coded data was considered in terms of a heuristic clustering of responses around the relational categories of Self, Others and the Environment. Connection, Relationship and Belonging emerged as the most important themes and, unexpectedly, Inclusion emerged as an important consideration to the participants in this study. Creative and resilience-building learning activities, as within this ‘Rites of Passage” unit and the integral “Wilderness Camp”, are supportive of the health and wellbeing of young learners. Such learning opportunities provide for intra-personal and inter-personal development, and contribute to their sense of self, place, meaning and purpose.

text: An integral rite of passage: embedding the aesthetic in adventure education in the pursuit of wellbeing The context for this study was the implementation of an arts integrated unit examined through the lenses of wellbeing, adventure education, children’s spirituality and aesthetic experience. The author’s personal experiences as a holistic educator, connecting theory and practice in educational settings, informed the devising of the learning experiences incorporated into this contemporary ‘Rites of Passage’, arts integrated unit. They also informed the qualitative methods selected for this research. Students reported on their own and others’ perceived state of “wholeness” and completeness of experience and the New Zealand Maori concepts of “hauora” – mental and emotional, physical, social and spiritual wellbeing were examined. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed that a holistic, integrative approach to learning was valued by the students and contributed significantly to their experience of wellbeing and wholeness. The coded data was considered in terms of a heuristic clustering of responses around the relational categories of Self, Others and the Environment. Connection, Relationship and Belonging emerged as the most important themes and, unexpectedly, Inclusion emerged as an important consideration to the participants in this study. Creative and resilience-building learning activities, as within this ‘Rites of Passage” unit and the integral “Wilderness Camp”, are supportive of the health and wellbeing of young learners. Such learning opportunities provide for intra-personal and inter-personal development, and contribute to their sense of self, place, meaning and purpose.

year: 2011