title: Constructing programs or processes

authors: Reeves, Steve

subjects: cause

abstract: We define interacting sequential programs, motivated originally by constructivist considerations. We use them to investigate notions of implementation and determinism. Process algebras do not define what can be implemented and what cannot. As we demonstrate it is problematic to do so on the set of all processes. Guided by constructivist notions we have constructed interacting sequential programs which we claim can be readily implemented and are a subset of processes.

text: Constructing programs or processes We define interacting sequential programs, motivated originally by constructivist considerations. We use them to investigate notions of implementation and determinism. Process algebras do not define what can be implemented and what cannot. As we demonstrate it is problematic to do so on the set of all processes. Guided by constructivist notions we have constructed interacting sequential programs which we claim can be readily implemented and are a subset of processes.

year: 2005-12-28

title: Examining Professional Identity: The Views of New Zealand Chartered Accountants

authors: Blake, Emma

subjects: New Zealand Chartered Accountants

abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to examine the professional identity of New Zealand chartered accountants. A perusal of prior literature indicated that professional identity is integral to a profession, yet the concept has not been well defined. This study attempts to gain a greater understanding of this term. 
Specifically, semi structured interviews were conducted with 60 New Zealand chartered accountants. These participants were categorised by both their areas of employment and level of experience. The areas of employment included: top tier, midtier, rural, industrial, and academic categories, while their level of experience was segmented into 0-2, 3-5, 6-10 and 10+ years of experience. These interviews were transcribed and run through Leximancer 4.0, a computer textual analysis program. This software produced conceptual maps, key themes, and concepts which were used in the data analysis process.
The findings of this thesis were specific to the New Zealand accounting body: NZICA. Consistent with prior studies, this paper found that the term “professional identity” was not well understood. Indeed, terms such as stereotypes, traits, characteristics, attributes, and branding were used interchangeably for the term. Furthermore, there was a misalignment between the professional identity portrayed by NZICA and the interpretation of its members. Members identified a weak relationship between themselves and their institute. This was a consistent finding across the entirety of the sampled population. 
This study has practical implications for future research. NZICA passed a vote as recently as October 2013 to become “One New Institute”, thus it is currently undertaking a rebranding process. This study identifies weaknesses in current branding that may, in future, be able to be remedied. Furthermore, this study is replicable and can provide other institutes with an opportunity to gain insight into their respective organisations.
As no prior accounting literature has undertaken to define professional identity, this investigation also provides an insight into the term. As a result, this insight can be applied to wider academic literature.

text: Examining Professional Identity: The Views of New Zealand Chartered Accountants The purpose of this thesis was to examine the professional identity of New Zealand chartered accountants. A perusal of prior literature indicated that professional identity is integral to a profession, yet the concept has not been well defined. This study attempts to gain a greater understanding of this term. 
Specifically, semi structured interviews were conducted with 60 New Zealand chartered accountants. These participants were categorised by both their areas of employment and level of experience. The areas of employment included: top tier, midtier, rural, industrial, and academic categories, while their level of experience was segmented into 0-2, 3-5, 6-10 and 10+ years of experience. These interviews were transcribed and run through Leximancer 4.0, a computer textual analysis program. This software produced conceptual maps, key themes, and concepts which were used in the data analysis process.
The findings of this thesis were specific to the New Zealand accounting body: NZICA. Consistent with prior studies, this paper found that the term “professional identity” was not well understood. Indeed, terms such as stereotypes, traits, characteristics, attributes, and branding were used interchangeably for the term. Furthermore, there was a misalignment between the professional identity portrayed by NZICA and the interpretation of its members. Members identified a weak relationship between themselves and their institute. This was a consistent finding across the entirety of the sampled population. 
This study has practical implications for future research. NZICA passed a vote as recently as October 2013 to become “One New Institute”, thus it is currently undertaking a rebranding process. This study identifies weaknesses in current branding that may, in future, be able to be remedied. Furthermore, this study is replicable and can provide other institutes with an opportunity to gain insight into their respective organisations.
As no prior accounting literature has undertaken to define professional identity, this investigation also provides an insight into the term. As a result, this insight can be applied to wider academic literature.

year: 2014

title: Kapa Haka Whakataetae Kua tini haere te kanohi o te mahi kapa haka i te ao hurihuri nei.

authors: Rollo, Te Manaaroha Pirihira

subjects: Kapa Haka

abstract: Tihei Haka! Mauriora Kapa haka (Rollo, 2006)
Ka tū te ihiihi, ka tū te wanawana o te hunga i ngā hui whakataetae kapa haka o te motu. He hui rongonui i te maramataka a te Māori ia tau ia tau, ā, he hui whakahirahira anō mō rātou mā i whakawhiti mai i tāwahi rā hoki. Mā te mahi a te kapa haka ka whakaari ngā rōpū haka i ngā mahi nō nehe rā me ngā mahi hou o te ao onāianei. Ahakoa te āhuatanga o te mahi, he taonga tuku iho nā rātou mā kua mene ki te pō.  Moe mai rā e te kāhui o ngā whetu i te pō, moe mai i te Ariki o te rangi. 

I tēnei tuhinga, e āta titiro ana 'hau ki ngā mahi hou me te āhuatanga hou kei ngā rōpū haka i te whakataetae-a-motu, arā Te Matatini me ētahi atu momo whakataetae i Aotearoa, tāpiri mai hoki ērā kei Te Moana nui a Kiwa. Ko te ingoa matua o tēnei tuhinga,  KAPA HAKA WHAKATAETAE. Kua tīni haere te kanohi o te mahi kapa haka i te ao hurihuri nei .
No reira, ko te tino pātai kei tēnei rangahau ko tērā. He aha ngā mahi hou kei te kapa haka whakataetae? Nā he hua anō hoki kei reira? Ka hāngaia tonu e te tuhinga nei  ngā hui whakataetae kapa haka mai i te tau 1972 tae noa ki te tau 2006.

Ngā ūpoko o te tuhinga whakapae
E whā ngā wāhanga ūpoko o tēnei tuhinga whakapae. Mā ngā ūpoko katoa ka kitea ai ngā momo kaupapa ake e hāngai pū ana ki te kaupapa mō te whakataetae kapa haka me ōna āhuatanga hou. He mahi whakahirahira tāku ki te whakatakoto i ngā kōrero, i ngā whakaaro, i ngā mātauranga o tēnā tangata mōhio, o tēnā tangata mātau ki roto i ngā whare māramatanga, arā ngā  wāhanga wēnā,  hei mātauranga hou mō te ao katoa.

I te ūpoko tuatahi, ka anga te titiro ki ngā whakamāramatanga o ngā tikanga-a-iwi e pā ana ki te  tūturutanga me te ao o te kapa haka. Mā wēnei whakamāramatanga hei awhi i a 'hau i taku rangahau ki te mahi onāianei o te whakataetae kapa haka. Ka whai mātauranga 'hau mō ngā tikanga o ngā kupu e rua. Ko ēnei ko te kupu  haka  te tuatahi, ā, ko te kupu  kapa haka  te tuarua. He aha ngā rerekētanga me te ōritenga o wēnei kupu rongonui? Ka anga whakamua ki ngā tūmanako me ngā ritenga o te whakataetae kapa haka a te motu mai i te New Zealand Polynesian Festival tae atu ki Te Matatini. Ko te whāinga mutunga o tēnei wāhanga, ka hoki whakanui ki te whakataetae-a-motu mai i te tau 1972 tae noa atu ki te tau 2006.

Ko te ūpoko tuarua, ka whakatakoto e 'hau ngā whakautu o ngā patapātai mai i ngā rārangi kōrero me ngā whakaaro whānui i whakahokia mai e ngā tāngata o ngā rōpū haka e whā, arā, Te Rōpū Haka o Te Kotahitanga, Ngāti Poneke Young Māori Club, ko Te Waihīrere, ā, huri atu ki Te Pou a Mangatāwhiri hoki, he rōpū i whakatūhia anō i te tau 2005. I tēnei wāhanga ka kitea ngā kōrero ātaahua, ngā mātauranga tūturu me ngā whakaaro hōhonu o ngā kaiako me ngā tāngata e tautoko ana i taku mahi kimi mātauranga.  Nā rātou ka ohorere, ka mirimiri hoki i tōku hinengaro ki ngā māramatanga hou. He tika anō te kupu ā  Pā Henare Tate nō Ngapuhi nui tonu e kī ana,  Mā te whakaatu, ka mōhio, mā te mōhio, ka mārama, mā te mārama, ka mātau, mā te mātau, ka ora   (Barlow 1991)

I te ūpoko tuatoru he whakaaturanga tēnei o āku tirohanga ki ngā āhua rerekē me ngā mahi hou i roto i ngā rōpū haka i runga i te ātamira o te whakataetae, i roto hoki i te mura o te ahi o te whakataetae. Kua tuhituhi au i ngā momo āhuatanga e pā ana ki  te taha o te kanikani, te mahi-a-korikori me ngā mahi katoa i runga i te atamira. Ahakoa iti ko tētahi atu wahanga o ērā kōrero e pā ana ki te pūoro me ōna mana kua puta i konei. Ka huri taku tuhinga ki te taha o te reo waiata, te toi whakaari me te whakaataata o ngā mahi a te Rēhia. I konei ka titiro ki te tāmoko, te pani kanohi me te pani tinana, arā he mahi hou katoa. Ko te wahanga mutunga e pā ana ki te reo Māori me te tito waiata hoki. Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga, ko ngā tuhinga nei mō ia āhuatanga kia kitea ai ngā rerekēnga me ngā mahi hou i te whakataetae kapa haka o te ao Māori. No reira te nuinga engari ko wētahi i whakaurua mai i ētahi atu iwi ō tāwahi.       

Ko te ūpoko whakamutunga, ka hāngai taku titiro ki te ao o te whakataetae, arā, ki ngā whakaaro me te tā o te hinengaro me te ngākau o te tangata. Ka peka haere ki te whakatū o ngā rōpū whakataetae me te parakatihi o ngā waiata, ngā haka me ngā whakaritenga mo te whakataetae kapa haka. Ko te kōrero whakamutunga, ka huri ki wētahi atu o ngā whakataetae mai i Te Kuki Airani, i Tahiti me Hawaii hoki. Āe mārika, ka ora te ao o te whakataetae puta noa i te ao nui. Ki ahau, mā tēnei tuhinga hei whakapuare ngā hurihanga o te ao Māori me te ao o te kapa haka. Ka ea, he tika hoki te whakataukī rā,  ka pū te ruha, ka hao te rangatahi    (Ryan 1995), arā ka kimi i ērā e pīataata ai o rātou wairua, hinengaro, ngākau.

text: Kapa Haka Whakataetae Kua tini haere te kanohi o te mahi kapa haka i te ao hurihuri nei. Tihei Haka! Mauriora Kapa haka (Rollo, 2006)
Ka tū te ihiihi, ka tū te wanawana o te hunga i ngā hui whakataetae kapa haka o te motu. He hui rongonui i te maramataka a te Māori ia tau ia tau, ā, he hui whakahirahira anō mō rātou mā i whakawhiti mai i tāwahi rā hoki. Mā te mahi a te kapa haka ka whakaari ngā rōpū haka i ngā mahi nō nehe rā me ngā mahi hou o te ao onāianei. Ahakoa te āhuatanga o te mahi, he taonga tuku iho nā rātou mā kua mene ki te pō.  Moe mai rā e te kāhui o ngā whetu i te pō, moe mai i te Ariki o te rangi. 

I tēnei tuhinga, e āta titiro ana 'hau ki ngā mahi hou me te āhuatanga hou kei ngā rōpū haka i te whakataetae-a-motu, arā Te Matatini me ētahi atu momo whakataetae i Aotearoa, tāpiri mai hoki ērā kei Te Moana nui a Kiwa. Ko te ingoa matua o tēnei tuhinga,  KAPA HAKA WHAKATAETAE. Kua tīni haere te kanohi o te mahi kapa haka i te ao hurihuri nei .
No reira, ko te tino pātai kei tēnei rangahau ko tērā. He aha ngā mahi hou kei te kapa haka whakataetae? Nā he hua anō hoki kei reira? Ka hāngaia tonu e te tuhinga nei  ngā hui whakataetae kapa haka mai i te tau 1972 tae noa ki te tau 2006.

Ngā ūpoko o te tuhinga whakapae
E whā ngā wāhanga ūpoko o tēnei tuhinga whakapae. Mā ngā ūpoko katoa ka kitea ai ngā momo kaupapa ake e hāngai pū ana ki te kaupapa mō te whakataetae kapa haka me ōna āhuatanga hou. He mahi whakahirahira tāku ki te whakatakoto i ngā kōrero, i ngā whakaaro, i ngā mātauranga o tēnā tangata mōhio, o tēnā tangata mātau ki roto i ngā whare māramatanga, arā ngā  wāhanga wēnā,  hei mātauranga hou mō te ao katoa.

I te ūpoko tuatahi, ka anga te titiro ki ngā whakamāramatanga o ngā tikanga-a-iwi e pā ana ki te  tūturutanga me te ao o te kapa haka. Mā wēnei whakamāramatanga hei awhi i a 'hau i taku rangahau ki te mahi onāianei o te whakataetae kapa haka. Ka whai mātauranga 'hau mō ngā tikanga o ngā kupu e rua. Ko ēnei ko te kupu  haka  te tuatahi, ā, ko te kupu  kapa haka  te tuarua. He aha ngā rerekētanga me te ōritenga o wēnei kupu rongonui? Ka anga whakamua ki ngā tūmanako me ngā ritenga o te whakataetae kapa haka a te motu mai i te New Zealand Polynesian Festival tae atu ki Te Matatini. Ko te whāinga mutunga o tēnei wāhanga, ka hoki whakanui ki te whakataetae-a-motu mai i te tau 1972 tae noa atu ki te tau 2006.

Ko te ūpoko tuarua, ka whakatakoto e 'hau ngā whakautu o ngā patapātai mai i ngā rārangi kōrero me ngā whakaaro whānui i whakahokia mai e ngā tāngata o ngā rōpū haka e whā, arā, Te Rōpū Haka o Te Kotahitanga, Ngāti Poneke Young Māori Club, ko Te Waihīrere, ā, huri atu ki Te Pou a Mangatāwhiri hoki, he rōpū i whakatūhia anō i te tau 2005. I tēnei wāhanga ka kitea ngā kōrero ātaahua, ngā mātauranga tūturu me ngā whakaaro hōhonu o ngā kaiako me ngā tāngata e tautoko ana i taku mahi kimi mātauranga.  Nā rātou ka ohorere, ka mirimiri hoki i tōku hinengaro ki ngā māramatanga hou. He tika anō te kupu ā  Pā Henare Tate nō Ngapuhi nui tonu e kī ana,  Mā te whakaatu, ka mōhio, mā te mōhio, ka mārama, mā te mārama, ka mātau, mā te mātau, ka ora   (Barlow 1991)

I te ūpoko tuatoru he whakaaturanga tēnei o āku tirohanga ki ngā āhua rerekē me ngā mahi hou i roto i ngā rōpū haka i runga i te ātamira o te whakataetae, i roto hoki i te mura o te ahi o te whakataetae. Kua tuhituhi au i ngā momo āhuatanga e pā ana ki  te taha o te kanikani, te mahi-a-korikori me ngā mahi katoa i runga i te atamira. Ahakoa iti ko tētahi atu wahanga o ērā kōrero e pā ana ki te pūoro me ōna mana kua puta i konei. Ka huri taku tuhinga ki te taha o te reo waiata, te toi whakaari me te whakaataata o ngā mahi a te Rēhia. I konei ka titiro ki te tāmoko, te pani kanohi me te pani tinana, arā he mahi hou katoa. Ko te wahanga mutunga e pā ana ki te reo Māori me te tito waiata hoki. Ahakoa he maha ngā āhuatanga, ko ngā tuhinga nei mō ia āhuatanga kia kitea ai ngā rerekēnga me ngā mahi hou i te whakataetae kapa haka o te ao Māori. No reira te nuinga engari ko wētahi i whakaurua mai i ētahi atu iwi ō tāwahi.       

Ko te ūpoko whakamutunga, ka hāngai taku titiro ki te ao o te whakataetae, arā, ki ngā whakaaro me te tā o te hinengaro me te ngākau o te tangata. Ka peka haere ki te whakatū o ngā rōpū whakataetae me te parakatihi o ngā waiata, ngā haka me ngā whakaritenga mo te whakataetae kapa haka. Ko te kōrero whakamutunga, ka huri ki wētahi atu o ngā whakataetae mai i Te Kuki Airani, i Tahiti me Hawaii hoki. Āe mārika, ka ora te ao o te whakataetae puta noa i te ao nui. Ki ahau, mā tēnei tuhinga hei whakapuare ngā hurihanga o te ao Māori me te ao o te kapa haka. Ka ea, he tika hoki te whakataukī rā,  ka pū te ruha, ka hao te rangatahi    (Ryan 1995), arā ka kimi i ērā e pīataata ai o rātou wairua, hinengaro, ngākau.

year: 2007