title: Malaysia and South-South cooperation: the determining factors and implications

authors: Hamid, Ahmad Faiz

abstract: This study focuses on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation from 1986 to 1996. South-South cooperation is defined as the strategy used by developing countries to promote economic independence, to increase self-reliance, and to improve bargaining power with the developed nations. Malaysia, particularly its Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohamad, has been actively involved in South-South cooperation for more than a decade. The study attempts to identify and analyse the determining factors and the implications of Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation. The significance of this study lies in the fact that there has not been any thorough study on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation. 

This study attempts to address four critical issues. What are the factors that influenced Malaysia’s interactions with developing countries and the implications of the relationship to both parties? What are the impacts of Mahathir’s leadership on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation? What are the factors that influenced Mahathir’s involvement in articulating the North-South issues and what are the implications of his actions? Finally, what are the prospects and problems of Malaysia’s economic relations with developing countries, particularly with Indochina states and South Pacific countries?

In the context of determining factors, although many factors have contributed to Malaysia’s involvement, nation’s national interests, external factors and leadership variables are argued to be more significant. The study also argues that Malaysia’s high profile in voicing the North-South issues and its private sector involvement in the South has created resentment from several parties, especially from the NGOs, the Western media, the regional powers and local business groups. Finally, the study detected that South-South cooperation is an effective means for Malaysia to enhance its own economic interests.

For the case of Malaysia’s relations with the Indochina states and the South Pacific countries, the study found that Malaysia's economic interests has been a crucial determinant of the depth of the relationship. In terms of economic interests, Indochina states are more promising to the relationship than the South Pacific region. It is hoped this study will be a significant contribution to the study of Malaysian foreign policy, particularly on Malaysia’s relations with Third World countries.

text: Malaysia and South-South cooperation: the determining factors and implications This study focuses on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation from 1986 to 1996. South-South cooperation is defined as the strategy used by developing countries to promote economic independence, to increase self-reliance, and to improve bargaining power with the developed nations. Malaysia, particularly its Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohamad, has been actively involved in South-South cooperation for more than a decade. The study attempts to identify and analyse the determining factors and the implications of Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation. The significance of this study lies in the fact that there has not been any thorough study on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation. 

This study attempts to address four critical issues. What are the factors that influenced Malaysia’s interactions with developing countries and the implications of the relationship to both parties? What are the impacts of Mahathir’s leadership on Malaysia’s involvement in South-South cooperation? What are the factors that influenced Mahathir’s involvement in articulating the North-South issues and what are the implications of his actions? Finally, what are the prospects and problems of Malaysia’s economic relations with developing countries, particularly with Indochina states and South Pacific countries?

In the context of determining factors, although many factors have contributed to Malaysia’s involvement, nation’s national interests, external factors and leadership variables are argued to be more significant. The study also argues that Malaysia’s high profile in voicing the North-South issues and its private sector involvement in the South has created resentment from several parties, especially from the NGOs, the Western media, the regional powers and local business groups. Finally, the study detected that South-South cooperation is an effective means for Malaysia to enhance its own economic interests.

For the case of Malaysia’s relations with the Indochina states and the South Pacific countries, the study found that Malaysia's economic interests has been a crucial determinant of the depth of the relationship. In terms of economic interests, Indochina states are more promising to the relationship than the South Pacific region. It is hoped this study will be a significant contribution to the study of Malaysian foreign policy, particularly on Malaysia’s relations with Third World countries.

year: 1999

title: Cybersecurity, moral panics and the law of confidential information

authors: Kingsbury, Anna

abstract: This paper is about the trend to criminalisation of the protection of confidential information, and its justifications. In New Zealand as elsewhere, fears of foreign hackers and of breaches of national cybersecurity have been used to create a form of moral panic, justifying the extension of electronic surveillance by national security services. These same fears have also been used to justify the extension of the criminal law to the protection of confidential information and trade secrets. In the United States and in New Zealand, criminal offences have been creating prohibiting the taking of trade secrets, along with criminal offences relating to computer misuse. However, United States cases have involved United States employees, and in New Zealand these provisions have not led to prosecutions of foreign hackers, and such prosecutions would raise practical difficulties in any event. Employees and ex-employees appear to be much more likely defendants.
This paper discusses selected recent cases of theft of information by employees in knowledge-based industries in the United States, focusing particularly on cases involving scientists. New Zealand has as yet had few cases, but the paper discusses a recent case raising similar issues in a New Zealand context. The paper argues that the availability of the criminal law in these cases creates excessive risks for individual employees and more broadly for employee mobility and the sharing of information, particularly in the science-based industries.

text: Cybersecurity, moral panics and the law of confidential information This paper is about the trend to criminalisation of the protection of confidential information, and its justifications. In New Zealand as elsewhere, fears of foreign hackers and of breaches of national cybersecurity have been used to create a form of moral panic, justifying the extension of electronic surveillance by national security services. These same fears have also been used to justify the extension of the criminal law to the protection of confidential information and trade secrets. In the United States and in New Zealand, criminal offences have been creating prohibiting the taking of trade secrets, along with criminal offences relating to computer misuse. However, United States cases have involved United States employees, and in New Zealand these provisions have not led to prosecutions of foreign hackers, and such prosecutions would raise practical difficulties in any event. Employees and ex-employees appear to be much more likely defendants.
This paper discusses selected recent cases of theft of information by employees in knowledge-based industries in the United States, focusing particularly on cases involving scientists. New Zealand has as yet had few cases, but the paper discusses a recent case raising similar issues in a New Zealand context. The paper argues that the availability of the criminal law in these cases creates excessive risks for individual employees and more broadly for employee mobility and the sharing of information, particularly in the science-based industries.

year: 2015

title: Takitoru: creative practice toward the development of a trilingual dramaturgical kaupapa

authors: Lodge, Alexandra Rose Pittaway

subjects: theatre

abstract: I have focused on writing a play in the three languages of Aotearoa: New Zealand Sign Language, te reo Māori, and NZ English. Through the development of this script with three actors I have found techniques for performance and workshopping to encourage multilingual creative practice for a playwright. Through case studies of playwrights doing similar work at an international level, I have synthesised analytical and creative research into a final script and summary of my dramaturgical findings.
Through creative practice in scriptwriting and developmental workshops, this research explores what story-telling modes, devices or styles seem particularly apt for conveying an inclusive and engaging trilingual narrative on stage.
This specifically involves developing a dramaturgical set of insights for others who may want to do cross-language performance in Aotearoa.

text: Takitoru: creative practice toward the development of a trilingual dramaturgical kaupapa I have focused on writing a play in the three languages of Aotearoa: New Zealand Sign Language, te reo Māori, and NZ English. Through the development of this script with three actors I have found techniques for performance and workshopping to encourage multilingual creative practice for a playwright. Through case studies of playwrights doing similar work at an international level, I have synthesised analytical and creative research into a final script and summary of my dramaturgical findings.
Through creative practice in scriptwriting and developmental workshops, this research explores what story-telling modes, devices or styles seem particularly apt for conveying an inclusive and engaging trilingual narrative on stage.
This specifically involves developing a dramaturgical set of insights for others who may want to do cross-language performance in Aotearoa.

year: 2020