title: PICSIL: integrating graphic system design and automatic synthesis

authors: Pearson, Murray W.

subjects: computer science

abstract: We present an approach to the design of complex logic ICs, developed from four premises. First, the responsibilities of a chip's major components, and the communication between them, should be separated from the detailed implementation of their functionality. Design of this abstract architecture should precede definition of the detailed functionality. Secondly, graphic vocabularies are most natural for describing abstract architectures, by contrast with the conventional textual notations for describing functionality. Thirdly, such information as can be expressed naturally and completely in the idiom of the abstract architecture should be automatically translated into more complex, lower-level vocabulary. Fourthly, the notations can be integrated into a single, consistent design-capture and synthesis system. PICSIL is a preliminary implementation of a design environment using this approach. It combines an editor and a synthesis driver, allowing a design's abstract architecture to be created using a graphical notation based on Data Flow Diagrams and state machines, and its functionality to be designed using a more conventional textual hardware description language. On request, it also translates a design into appropriate input for synthesis software, and controls the operation of that software, producing CIF files suitable for fabrication. Thus computer systems become appropriate for ab initio design production rather than post facto design capture.

text: PICSIL: integrating graphic system design and automatic synthesis We present an approach to the design of complex logic ICs, developed from four premises. First, the responsibilities of a chip's major components, and the communication between them, should be separated from the detailed implementation of their functionality. Design of this abstract architecture should precede definition of the detailed functionality. Secondly, graphic vocabularies are most natural for describing abstract architectures, by contrast with the conventional textual notations for describing functionality. Thirdly, such information as can be expressed naturally and completely in the idiom of the abstract architecture should be automatically translated into more complex, lower-level vocabulary. Fourthly, the notations can be integrated into a single, consistent design-capture and synthesis system. PICSIL is a preliminary implementation of a design environment using this approach. It combines an editor and a synthesis driver, allowing a design's abstract architecture to be created using a graphical notation based on Data Flow Diagrams and state machines, and its functionality to be designed using a more conventional textual hardware description language. On request, it also translates a design into appropriate input for synthesis software, and controls the operation of that software, producing CIF files suitable for fabrication. Thus computer systems become appropriate for ab initio design production rather than post facto design capture.

year: 1995-01

title: Effects of a small-bladed macroalgal canopy on benthic boundary layer dynamics: implications for nutrient transport

authors: Kregting, Louise T.

subjects: macroalgae

abstract: Field and laboratory velocity profiles were used to quantify boundary layer dynamics within communities of a small (<0.2 m tall), dense canopy-forming seaweed Adamsiella chauvinii (Rhodophyta) in a soft-sediment habitat and to examine the role of hydrodynamics in modulating nutrient supply. At the ‘canopy scale’ there was a mixing layer at the fluid−canopy interface where turbulent kinetic energy was greatest, potentially enhancing nutrient uptake in this region. In the lower half of the canopy, a drag-dominated area of very low water velocity (<0.01 m s−1) occurred. Spectral analysis revealed a reduction in energy within the canopy of around 1 Hz. The hydrodynamic parameters obtained from flume measurements were in good agreement with those recorded in the field. To understand the implications of the hydrodynamic environment on nutrient uptake, a flushing ratio was developed that compares the time for macroalgae to remove all nutrients from the canopy volume relative to the timescale for flushing. Results suggest that when nutrient demand is low, the canopy is well flushed and not mass-transfer limited. However when nutrient demand is high, the canopy can deplete nutrients more quickly than they can be replenished by ambient flows and are potentially mass-transfer limited.

text: Effects of a small-bladed macroalgal canopy on benthic boundary layer dynamics: implications for nutrient transport Field and laboratory velocity profiles were used to quantify boundary layer dynamics within communities of a small (<0.2 m tall), dense canopy-forming seaweed Adamsiella chauvinii (Rhodophyta) in a soft-sediment habitat and to examine the role of hydrodynamics in modulating nutrient supply. At the ‘canopy scale’ there was a mixing layer at the fluid−canopy interface where turbulent kinetic energy was greatest, potentially enhancing nutrient uptake in this region. In the lower half of the canopy, a drag-dominated area of very low water velocity (<0.01 m s−1) occurred. Spectral analysis revealed a reduction in energy within the canopy of around 1 Hz. The hydrodynamic parameters obtained from flume measurements were in good agreement with those recorded in the field. To understand the implications of the hydrodynamic environment on nutrient uptake, a flushing ratio was developed that compares the time for macroalgae to remove all nutrients from the canopy volume relative to the timescale for flushing. Results suggest that when nutrient demand is low, the canopy is well flushed and not mass-transfer limited. However when nutrient demand is high, the canopy can deplete nutrients more quickly than they can be replenished by ambient flows and are potentially mass-transfer limited.

year: 2011

title: Aroha

authors: Maxwell, Te Kahautu

abstract: Waita Tira. Lyrics composed by Te Kahautu Maxwell, muscial score composed by Raharuha Mitai, Thomas Mitai, Renee Mitai. Performed by Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti (Kapa Haka group) (3mins)

Waiata ā Tira: Aroha
Whakaeke: Pinepine Te Kura
Mōteatea: Tērā te haeata
Waiata ā Ringa: Tiaho Mai
Poi: E ia, e ia
Haka: Ranginui
Whakawātea: Te Tiriti o Waitangi

text: Aroha Waita Tira. Lyrics composed by Te Kahautu Maxwell, muscial score composed by Raharuha Mitai, Thomas Mitai, Renee Mitai. Performed by Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti (Kapa Haka group) (3mins)

Waiata ā Tira: Aroha
Whakaeke: Pinepine Te Kura
Mōteatea: Tērā te haeata
Waiata ā Ringa: Tiaho Mai
Poi: E ia, e ia
Haka: Ranginui
Whakawātea: Te Tiriti o Waitangi

year: 2020-02-06