title: Book review: News 2.0 Can Journalism Survive the Internet?

authors: Lealand, Geoff

subjects: book review

abstract: This article reviews the book: “News 2.0 Can Journalism Survive the Internet?”, by Martin Hirst.

text: Book review: News 2.0 Can Journalism Survive the Internet? This article reviews the book: “News 2.0 Can Journalism Survive the Internet?”, by Martin Hirst.

year: 2011

title: Influence of Vegetation Cover on Coastal Aquifer Fluctuation and Sand Transport on Matakana Island

authors: Muller, Joshua Alois

subjects: Coastal

abstract: The Bay of Plenty beaches on the east coast of the North Island, New Zealand are of significant physical, ecological and economic importance. Over the previous century, anthropogenic development and the introduction of non-indigenous coastal plant species has lead to a degradation of many of the Bay of Plenty regions’ coastal dune environments. Restoring these sections of coastline to their natural state strengthens the barrier they provide between coastal developments and the coastal ocean, whilst also promoting the growth of native plant species and improving habitat for local macro-invertebrate species. The influence of vegetation on aquifer levels and aeolian sediment transport in the dune and foredune was investigated at Matakana Island in the Western Bay of Plenty. Monitoring of the water table between March and November 2010 was undertaken at two adjacent sample sites, with different dominant overlying vegetation, Ammophila arenaria and Spinifex sericeus. During this time, aeolian sediment transport rates were also monitored through the deployment of sediment traps and two small climate stations. Results showed that aquifer levels beneath the dune face were highly variable. Fluctuations occurred at a range of time scales, stemming from variations in tide, rainfall and profile shape. Short-term fluctuation was primarily linked to tidal forcing. Tidal fluctuations were observed in the aquifer, and differed from tidal fluctuations directly offshore in their shape and amplitude, with some lag between tide and aquifer fluctuations also evident. Aquifer fluctuation shape and lag, and differences between sample sites were linked to the beach drainage capability through aquifer porosity and permeability; hydraulic conductivity; and transmissivity. Long-term change in beach profile shape further influenced aquifer levels, with an accreting beach resulting in an elevating average aquifer level and an eroding beach resulting in a diminishing aquifer level. Aeolian sediment deposition varied greatly across the cross-shore profile. Transport rates were limited by a small beach width when high tides combined with storm surge and wave run-ups limiting the source area. Rainfall further reduced transport potential when coinciding with high wind speed events. Sediment deposition was evenly distributed in the Spinifex dominated dune system, whilst deposition in the Ammophila dune primarily occurred at the seaward limit of vegetation growth. This pattern of deposition is linked to the characteristics of each species, primarily their average height and growth density. Sediment deposition differences between sites explain variances in sediment compaction which alters dune porosity and permeability at each site. Greater porosity and permeability in the Spinifex dominated dune saw the aquifer draining more readily. Lower beach aquifer levels aid accretion and greaten the source for onshore aeolian sediment transport. Spinifex dominated dunes are therefore suggested to provide healthier beach states on Bay of Plenty beaches.

text: Influence of Vegetation Cover on Coastal Aquifer Fluctuation and Sand Transport on Matakana Island The Bay of Plenty beaches on the east coast of the North Island, New Zealand are of significant physical, ecological and economic importance. Over the previous century, anthropogenic development and the introduction of non-indigenous coastal plant species has lead to a degradation of many of the Bay of Plenty regions’ coastal dune environments. Restoring these sections of coastline to their natural state strengthens the barrier they provide between coastal developments and the coastal ocean, whilst also promoting the growth of native plant species and improving habitat for local macro-invertebrate species. The influence of vegetation on aquifer levels and aeolian sediment transport in the dune and foredune was investigated at Matakana Island in the Western Bay of Plenty. Monitoring of the water table between March and November 2010 was undertaken at two adjacent sample sites, with different dominant overlying vegetation, Ammophila arenaria and Spinifex sericeus. During this time, aeolian sediment transport rates were also monitored through the deployment of sediment traps and two small climate stations. Results showed that aquifer levels beneath the dune face were highly variable. Fluctuations occurred at a range of time scales, stemming from variations in tide, rainfall and profile shape. Short-term fluctuation was primarily linked to tidal forcing. Tidal fluctuations were observed in the aquifer, and differed from tidal fluctuations directly offshore in their shape and amplitude, with some lag between tide and aquifer fluctuations also evident. Aquifer fluctuation shape and lag, and differences between sample sites were linked to the beach drainage capability through aquifer porosity and permeability; hydraulic conductivity; and transmissivity. Long-term change in beach profile shape further influenced aquifer levels, with an accreting beach resulting in an elevating average aquifer level and an eroding beach resulting in a diminishing aquifer level. Aeolian sediment deposition varied greatly across the cross-shore profile. Transport rates were limited by a small beach width when high tides combined with storm surge and wave run-ups limiting the source area. Rainfall further reduced transport potential when coinciding with high wind speed events. Sediment deposition was evenly distributed in the Spinifex dominated dune system, whilst deposition in the Ammophila dune primarily occurred at the seaward limit of vegetation growth. This pattern of deposition is linked to the characteristics of each species, primarily their average height and growth density. Sediment deposition differences between sites explain variances in sediment compaction which alters dune porosity and permeability at each site. Greater porosity and permeability in the Spinifex dominated dune saw the aquifer draining more readily. Lower beach aquifer levels aid accretion and greaten the source for onshore aeolian sediment transport. Spinifex dominated dunes are therefore suggested to provide healthier beach states on Bay of Plenty beaches.

year: 2011

title: Te Tarata

authors: Maxwell, Te Kahautu

subjects: Haka

abstract: He whakamārama mō te haka 
Ko tēnei haka he whakamauharatanga ki te riri whenua i waenganui i Te Whakatōhea me te Karauna i te 23 o Poutūterangi 1865. Ko te ingoa o te pakanga nei ko Te Tarata. Hai tēnei marama kua eke ki te kotahi rau e rima tekau tau mai i tēnei pakanga. Ka kōrerotia te patunga i te mihinare a Te Wākana i te 2 o Poutūterangi i te tau kotahi mano e waru rau e ono tekau mā rima (1865). Nā Kereopa o Ngāti Rangiwewehi i patu a Te Wākana. I haramai a Te Kereopa i raro i te Paimārire (Hauhau) ki Ōpōtiki. Ko tā Te Paimārire kaupapa i tae atu ai ko te kauhau i te whakapono hou a Te Ua Haumēne o Taranaki. Ko ngā āpōtoro i tukuna atu e Te Ua Haumēne ko Pātara Rakataura me Te Kereopa, hoi anō ko te kauhau i te rongopai tā Te Ua Haumēne i whakahau ai. Hoi anō he take tā Te Kereopa, tā te mea i kōhurutia tana wahine me āna tamāhine tokorua ki te whare karakia i Rangiaowhia ki roto o Tainui. Nara i pau a Ngāti Apakura ki te mate ki roto i te ahi, i tahuna te whare karakia e ngā hoia me te iwi o Ngāti Apakura ki roto. Ā i patua anō tana tamāhine hoki ki te pakanga i Hairini. Koiarā tā Kereopa he rānaki i te mate o tana whānau i pau i te ahi nukarau a te Karauna. Nā tēnei patunga i a Te Wākana i riro ai te 250,000 eka o Te Whakatōhea. I tēnei rā tonu o Te Matatini i tēnei tau 2015 kua eke ki te kotahi rau e rima tekau (150) tau o te parekuranui o Te Whakatōhea mō te patunga i te tangata kotahi nā tētahi atu ko Te Kereopa o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Ko te kōhuru i a Te Whakatōhea me āna tamariki, āna mokopuna, ko te tāwharona i ngā tāne, i ngā wāhine, ko te ekeeke kino te rarahu i ngā wāhine me ngā tamariki kōtiro, tāne hoki. Mutu ana te rarahu ko te kōhuru i a rātou ki te pū, ki te mata o te pēneti ko te tahu rānei. Ko te urupatu anō tērā ko te tahu i ngā pā, i ngā whare tīpuna, i ngā māra, i ngā mira mahi paura, i ngā kaipuke tauhokohoko ki Tāmaki, ki Poihākena, ki Ingarangi. Ko te parekura nui tēnei o Te Whakatōhea, ko te kōhuru i tō mātou katoa, tō mātou ao, tō mātou wairua, tō mātou hinengaro, tō mātou tinana o Te Whakatōhea mō te mate kotahi a te tangata kotahi. Ahakoa he mihingare, he pūrahorua hoki he kawe o kōrero nōna ki a Kāwana Kerei mō ngā nekeneke a Te Whakatōhea ki te tautoko i a Kīngi Tāwhiao me ngā pakanga whenua i Rangiriri, i Ōrakau i te tau kotahi mano e waru rau e ono tekau mā whā (1864). Ki te pakanga o Te Tarata, 14 ngā Māori i mate i tēnei pakanga me ngā hoia pākeha, ngā maemanerau 26. E 500 ngā manemanerau i roto i te ope taua a Kuini Wikitōria. I tēnei pakanga nā Hira Te Popo te rangatira o Ngāti Ira, hapū o Te Whakatōhea i herehangaia ngā tīkouka me ōna rau ki ngā pou o te tūwatawata. Nara i pupuhi ngā pūrepō ngā ki te pā o Te Tarata i hinga ngā tūwatawata me te tū anō. Koirā te mahi a te tīkouka he rākau māmā kāore i whati pēnei i te mānuka me ngā rākau mārō ehara ko tāna he tiaki i te tūwatawata ka tūohu ka tū anō me te maka anō i ngā kariri o te pūrepō ki ngā hōia a te Karauna. Ana nā te tīkouka i āhei a Te Whakatōhea me ōna haumi te rere whakauta ki te tuawhenua. I huihui rātou ki tētahi pā anō ki Kohipawa kīhai i tareka e te Karauna.

text: Te Tarata He whakamārama mō te haka 
Ko tēnei haka he whakamauharatanga ki te riri whenua i waenganui i Te Whakatōhea me te Karauna i te 23 o Poutūterangi 1865. Ko te ingoa o te pakanga nei ko Te Tarata. Hai tēnei marama kua eke ki te kotahi rau e rima tekau tau mai i tēnei pakanga. Ka kōrerotia te patunga i te mihinare a Te Wākana i te 2 o Poutūterangi i te tau kotahi mano e waru rau e ono tekau mā rima (1865). Nā Kereopa o Ngāti Rangiwewehi i patu a Te Wākana. I haramai a Te Kereopa i raro i te Paimārire (Hauhau) ki Ōpōtiki. Ko tā Te Paimārire kaupapa i tae atu ai ko te kauhau i te whakapono hou a Te Ua Haumēne o Taranaki. Ko ngā āpōtoro i tukuna atu e Te Ua Haumēne ko Pātara Rakataura me Te Kereopa, hoi anō ko te kauhau i te rongopai tā Te Ua Haumēne i whakahau ai. Hoi anō he take tā Te Kereopa, tā te mea i kōhurutia tana wahine me āna tamāhine tokorua ki te whare karakia i Rangiaowhia ki roto o Tainui. Nara i pau a Ngāti Apakura ki te mate ki roto i te ahi, i tahuna te whare karakia e ngā hoia me te iwi o Ngāti Apakura ki roto. Ā i patua anō tana tamāhine hoki ki te pakanga i Hairini. Koiarā tā Kereopa he rānaki i te mate o tana whānau i pau i te ahi nukarau a te Karauna. Nā tēnei patunga i a Te Wākana i riro ai te 250,000 eka o Te Whakatōhea. I tēnei rā tonu o Te Matatini i tēnei tau 2015 kua eke ki te kotahi rau e rima tekau (150) tau o te parekuranui o Te Whakatōhea mō te patunga i te tangata kotahi nā tētahi atu ko Te Kereopa o Ngāti Rangiwewehi. Ko te kōhuru i a Te Whakatōhea me āna tamariki, āna mokopuna, ko te tāwharona i ngā tāne, i ngā wāhine, ko te ekeeke kino te rarahu i ngā wāhine me ngā tamariki kōtiro, tāne hoki. Mutu ana te rarahu ko te kōhuru i a rātou ki te pū, ki te mata o te pēneti ko te tahu rānei. Ko te urupatu anō tērā ko te tahu i ngā pā, i ngā whare tīpuna, i ngā māra, i ngā mira mahi paura, i ngā kaipuke tauhokohoko ki Tāmaki, ki Poihākena, ki Ingarangi. Ko te parekura nui tēnei o Te Whakatōhea, ko te kōhuru i tō mātou katoa, tō mātou ao, tō mātou wairua, tō mātou hinengaro, tō mātou tinana o Te Whakatōhea mō te mate kotahi a te tangata kotahi. Ahakoa he mihingare, he pūrahorua hoki he kawe o kōrero nōna ki a Kāwana Kerei mō ngā nekeneke a Te Whakatōhea ki te tautoko i a Kīngi Tāwhiao me ngā pakanga whenua i Rangiriri, i Ōrakau i te tau kotahi mano e waru rau e ono tekau mā whā (1864). Ki te pakanga o Te Tarata, 14 ngā Māori i mate i tēnei pakanga me ngā hoia pākeha, ngā maemanerau 26. E 500 ngā manemanerau i roto i te ope taua a Kuini Wikitōria. I tēnei pakanga nā Hira Te Popo te rangatira o Ngāti Ira, hapū o Te Whakatōhea i herehangaia ngā tīkouka me ōna rau ki ngā pou o te tūwatawata. Nara i pupuhi ngā pūrepō ngā ki te pā o Te Tarata i hinga ngā tūwatawata me te tū anō. Koirā te mahi a te tīkouka he rākau māmā kāore i whati pēnei i te mānuka me ngā rākau mārō ehara ko tāna he tiaki i te tūwatawata ka tūohu ka tū anō me te maka anō i ngā kariri o te pūrepō ki ngā hōia a te Karauna. Ana nā te tīkouka i āhei a Te Whakatōhea me ōna haumi te rere whakauta ki te tuawhenua. I huihui rātou ki tētahi pā anō ki Kohipawa kīhai i tareka e te Karauna.

year: 2017