title: Guest editorial by Sunita Basnet: Bhutanese refugee women and girls in NZ

authors: Basnet, Sunita

abstract: These former Bhutanese refugee women and girls were resettled in Christchurch, Nelson, Palmerston North and Auckland since 2008 under the New Zealand refugee quota. According to the UNHCR Nepal, as of 30th June 2016, 104,009 Bhutanese refugees from Nepal have been resettled in eight countries. New Zealand has resettled 1,009 making New Zealand the fourth largest hosting country. The interviews were conducted in Nepali, then have been translated to English.

text: Guest editorial by Sunita Basnet: Bhutanese refugee women and girls in NZ These former Bhutanese refugee women and girls were resettled in Christchurch, Nelson, Palmerston North and Auckland since 2008 under the New Zealand refugee quota. According to the UNHCR Nepal, as of 30th June 2016, 104,009 Bhutanese refugees from Nepal have been resettled in eight countries. New Zealand has resettled 1,009 making New Zealand the fourth largest hosting country. The interviews were conducted in Nepali, then have been translated to English.

year: 2016

title: Measuring Auditory Thresholds in Brushtail Possums (Trichosurus Vulpecula)

authors: Osugi, Mizuho

subjects: Audiogram

abstract: A total of 9 brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) were trained to perform a two-manipulanda, conditional discrimination task.  The possums learned to press a right lever in the presence of a tone (80 dB(A)) during tone-on trials, and a left lever in the absence of the tone on tone-off trials.  Overall sessions of 11 conditions contained tone frequency between 100 Hz and 35 kHz were tested.  Each condition contained training and then probe sessions.   In training sessions, the possums were presented with tone-on and tone-off trials, pseudo-randomly.  Once the possums responded with over 90% accuracy for five consecutive sessions, then probe sessions were introduced.  Probe sessions were similar to the training sessions, except that the tone intensity for tone-on trials was reduced by 8 dB(A) across blocks of 20 trials until their response accuracy in a block fall below 60% or reached 24 dB(A).  Data were analysed using overall percentages correct and log d analysis.  Both measures indicated that overall response accuracy decreased for all possum as tone intensity reduced.  Based on these data analyses, threshold values were calculated using the criterions at 75% correct and a log d of 0.48.  The threshold values for each possum and across all possums were plotted as a function of the tone frequency to produce an audiogram.  A curvilinear regression was fitted for each threshold values.  The functions of both measures were very similar.  Both audiograms showed that the possums could hear the tones between 100 Hz and 35 kHz, and were most sensitive to tones between 15 and 20 kHz.  This experiment involved many difficulties with producing and measuring tones especially outside of human hearing range.  Due to these difficulties, several problems and concerns were raised during the experiment, these were discussed in this study and also recommendations for future research were then presented.

text: Measuring Auditory Thresholds in Brushtail Possums (Trichosurus Vulpecula) A total of 9 brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) were trained to perform a two-manipulanda, conditional discrimination task.  The possums learned to press a right lever in the presence of a tone (80 dB(A)) during tone-on trials, and a left lever in the absence of the tone on tone-off trials.  Overall sessions of 11 conditions contained tone frequency between 100 Hz and 35 kHz were tested.  Each condition contained training and then probe sessions.   In training sessions, the possums were presented with tone-on and tone-off trials, pseudo-randomly.  Once the possums responded with over 90% accuracy for five consecutive sessions, then probe sessions were introduced.  Probe sessions were similar to the training sessions, except that the tone intensity for tone-on trials was reduced by 8 dB(A) across blocks of 20 trials until their response accuracy in a block fall below 60% or reached 24 dB(A).  Data were analysed using overall percentages correct and log d analysis.  Both measures indicated that overall response accuracy decreased for all possum as tone intensity reduced.  Based on these data analyses, threshold values were calculated using the criterions at 75% correct and a log d of 0.48.  The threshold values for each possum and across all possums were plotted as a function of the tone frequency to produce an audiogram.  A curvilinear regression was fitted for each threshold values.  The functions of both measures were very similar.  Both audiograms showed that the possums could hear the tones between 100 Hz and 35 kHz, and were most sensitive to tones between 15 and 20 kHz.  This experiment involved many difficulties with producing and measuring tones especially outside of human hearing range.  Due to these difficulties, several problems and concerns were raised during the experiment, these were discussed in this study and also recommendations for future research were then presented.

year: 2008

title: Supervising research in Māori cultural contexts: a decolonizing, relational response

authors: Berryman, Mere

abstract: We have collaborated for 25 years as indigenous Māori and non- Māori researchers undertaking research with Māori families, their schools and communities. We have endeavored to meet our responsibilities to the Māori people (indigenous inhabitants of New Zealand) and communities with whom we have researched, as well as meet the requirements and responsibilities of our academic institutions. In this paper, we reflect on the implications of these responsibilities for our work as supervisors of master’s and doctoral students (Māori and non-Māori) who seek to draw on decolonizing methodologies as they undertake research in Māori cultural contexts. We draw on the experiences and interactions we have had with four different postgraduate students whose research on improving educational outcomes for Māori students has required them to engage and participate in Māori cultural contexts.

text: Supervising research in Māori cultural contexts: a decolonizing, relational response We have collaborated for 25 years as indigenous Māori and non- Māori researchers undertaking research with Māori families, their schools and communities. We have endeavored to meet our responsibilities to the Māori people (indigenous inhabitants of New Zealand) and communities with whom we have researched, as well as meet the requirements and responsibilities of our academic institutions. In this paper, we reflect on the implications of these responsibilities for our work as supervisors of master’s and doctoral students (Māori and non-Māori) who seek to draw on decolonizing methodologies as they undertake research in Māori cultural contexts. We draw on the experiences and interactions we have had with four different postgraduate students whose research on improving educational outcomes for Māori students has required them to engage and participate in Māori cultural contexts.

year: 2017