title: Influence of Potamogeton crispus growth on nutrients in the sediment and water of Lake Tangxunhu

authors: Mi, W. J.

subjects: submerged macrophyte

abstract: An incubation experiment was performed on Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus) using sediment collected from Lake Tangxunhu in the center of China, in order to determine the effects of plant growth on Fe, Si, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mg, P, and Ca concentrations in the sediments and overlying waters. After 3 months of incubation, Ca, Mg, and Si concentrations in the water column were significantly lower, and P and Cu concentrations were significantly higher than in unplanted controls. The effect of P. crispus growth on sediment pore waters and water-extractable elements varied. Concentrations of Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Cu, and Zn were significantly higher, and P was significantly lower, than in pore waters of the control. Water-extracted concentrations of Fe, Mg, and Si in the sediments were lower, and P was higher, than in the control. Presence of P. crispus generally enhanced concentration gradients of elements between pore waters and overlying waters but not for P. The growth of P. crispus was associated with an increase in water pH and formation of root plaques, resulting in complex effects on the sediment nutritional status.

text: Influence of Potamogeton crispus growth on nutrients in the sediment and water of Lake Tangxunhu An incubation experiment was performed on Potamogeton crispus (P. crispus) using sediment collected from Lake Tangxunhu in the center of China, in order to determine the effects of plant growth on Fe, Si, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mg, P, and Ca concentrations in the sediments and overlying waters. After 3 months of incubation, Ca, Mg, and Si concentrations in the water column were significantly lower, and P and Cu concentrations were significantly higher than in unplanted controls. The effect of P. crispus growth on sediment pore waters and water-extractable elements varied. Concentrations of Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Cu, and Zn were significantly higher, and P was significantly lower, than in pore waters of the control. Water-extracted concentrations of Fe, Mg, and Si in the sediments were lower, and P was higher, than in the control. Presence of P. crispus generally enhanced concentration gradients of elements between pore waters and overlying waters but not for P. The growth of P. crispus was associated with an increase in water pH and formation of root plaques, resulting in complex effects on the sediment nutritional status.

year: 2008

title: The neuropsychosocial sequelae of multiple sclerosis and the impact for familial caregivers

authors: Brassington, Jan Christie

abstract: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurodegenerative disease diagnosed in young adults. Many people live with the disease throughout their early, middle and late adulthood. It has far-reaching effects for individuals, families, and social networks. The study of its impact is an important precursor to the design of effective, efficient interventions for all concerned. This research sought to examine the physical, cognitive, and psychological effects of MS in a New Zealand community-based sample. Its impact on familial caregivers was also investigated. 

One hundred and two people with MS were assessed over a 14-month period. In comparisons with a demographically-matched control group, the cognitive performance of the MS sample was found to be impaired on psychometric measures of current intellectual functioning, learning, retention, delayed recall, recognition memory, and areas of attention/concentration and executive functioning. The MS sample also reported significantly more psychological difficulties than the control group. No statistically significant relationship was found between the cognitive functioning of the MS sample and their physical functioning, time since symptom onset, disease course, level of fatigue, or medication use. However, there was a statistically significant relationship between the sample’s cognitive functioning and both their psychological functioning and the time since their MS diagnosis. 

Analyses were undertaken with a subset of participants with MS whose cognitive performance was worse than the remainder of the MS sample in relation to the control group. This subset was found to require significantly more changes to their homes and more community services, and they experienced more social handicap than the rest of the MS sample. 
Familial caregivers of the participants with MS reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, significantly higher levels of burden, and significantly less satisfaction with the quality of social support that they received, compared to a demographically-matched control group. The caregivers’ appraisals of the functional impairments of their family members with MS made the most consistently significant unique contribution to the prediction of these areas of caregiver functioning. The significance of these results for people with MS, their familial caregivers, and society at large are discussed.

text: The neuropsychosocial sequelae of multiple sclerosis and the impact for familial caregivers Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurodegenerative disease diagnosed in young adults. Many people live with the disease throughout their early, middle and late adulthood. It has far-reaching effects for individuals, families, and social networks. The study of its impact is an important precursor to the design of effective, efficient interventions for all concerned. This research sought to examine the physical, cognitive, and psychological effects of MS in a New Zealand community-based sample. Its impact on familial caregivers was also investigated. 

One hundred and two people with MS were assessed over a 14-month period. In comparisons with a demographically-matched control group, the cognitive performance of the MS sample was found to be impaired on psychometric measures of current intellectual functioning, learning, retention, delayed recall, recognition memory, and areas of attention/concentration and executive functioning. The MS sample also reported significantly more psychological difficulties than the control group. No statistically significant relationship was found between the cognitive functioning of the MS sample and their physical functioning, time since symptom onset, disease course, level of fatigue, or medication use. However, there was a statistically significant relationship between the sample’s cognitive functioning and both their psychological functioning and the time since their MS diagnosis. 

Analyses were undertaken with a subset of participants with MS whose cognitive performance was worse than the remainder of the MS sample in relation to the control group. This subset was found to require significantly more changes to their homes and more community services, and they experienced more social handicap than the rest of the MS sample. 
Familial caregivers of the participants with MS reported significantly more symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, significantly higher levels of burden, and significantly less satisfaction with the quality of social support that they received, compared to a demographically-matched control group. The caregivers’ appraisals of the functional impairments of their family members with MS made the most consistently significant unique contribution to the prediction of these areas of caregiver functioning. The significance of these results for people with MS, their familial caregivers, and society at large are discussed.

year: 2000

title: Exploring Māori and non-Māori mental health nurses' perceptions of Te Whare Tapa Whā: A mixed methods study looking at Māori and non-Māori mental health nurses' perceptions of Te Whare Tapa Whā within the Waikato region

authors: Teinakore, Samantha

subjects: Te Whare Tapa Whā

abstract: Background: Te Whare Tapa Whā is a well-recognised Māori model of health and wellbeing which is embraced within the health system in Aotearoa/ New Zealand. Although it can be applied in different specialties, the impacts generated from this model were first noticed in mental health, as this model was created by Mason Durie who is a psychiatrist. Research has shown this model provided an opportunity for Māori to have a voice in their health.
Objective: This study aims were to explore mental health nurses’ perceptions of the Māori Health model, Te Whare Tapa Whā, and how their beliefs and values may impact them implementing this model into their care.
Methods: A mixed methods approach was utilised for this study. Phase one was about gathering quantitative data, collecting statistical data through surveys. The first phase helped with the formulate interview schedule, which was the beginning of the next phase. Phase two was semi structured interviews which helped with the gathering of qualitative data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Participants: Mental health nurses within the Waikato region were the participants for this research study. A survey was distributed to mental health nurses in the Waikato area and 53 responded. After the survey, semi structured one on one interviews were conducted with the researcher. Total of 8 interviews; (n = 6) Māori mental health nurses and (n = 2) Non-Māori mental health nurses.
Results: The survey showed that more than half the nurses had a positive perspective on Te Whare Tapa Whā and felt it was good for nursing care. They were able to identify barriers to implementation. There were mixed responses on feeling supported to use Te Whare Tapa Whā in the workplace. Four over-arching themes were identified from the interviews . These were; Māori, clinical practice, organisation level and individual factors.
Conclusion: Overall, all mental health nurses had a positive perception of Te Whare Tapa Whā and the impacts it can have on nursing care. Most identified barriers which can impact whether they can actually use it in practice. Māori and non-Māori nurses had different depths of knowledge, cultural worldviews and clinical practice experiences, creating complexities with implementation. These beliefs, perceptions and experiences were highlighted in this study.

text: Exploring Māori and non-Māori mental health nurses' perceptions of Te Whare Tapa Whā: A mixed methods study looking at Māori and non-Māori mental health nurses' perceptions of Te Whare Tapa Whā within the Waikato region Background: Te Whare Tapa Whā is a well-recognised Māori model of health and wellbeing which is embraced within the health system in Aotearoa/ New Zealand. Although it can be applied in different specialties, the impacts generated from this model were first noticed in mental health, as this model was created by Mason Durie who is a psychiatrist. Research has shown this model provided an opportunity for Māori to have a voice in their health.
Objective: This study aims were to explore mental health nurses’ perceptions of the Māori Health model, Te Whare Tapa Whā, and how their beliefs and values may impact them implementing this model into their care.
Methods: A mixed methods approach was utilised for this study. Phase one was about gathering quantitative data, collecting statistical data through surveys. The first phase helped with the formulate interview schedule, which was the beginning of the next phase. Phase two was semi structured interviews which helped with the gathering of qualitative data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Participants: Mental health nurses within the Waikato region were the participants for this research study. A survey was distributed to mental health nurses in the Waikato area and 53 responded. After the survey, semi structured one on one interviews were conducted with the researcher. Total of 8 interviews; (n = 6) Māori mental health nurses and (n = 2) Non-Māori mental health nurses.
Results: The survey showed that more than half the nurses had a positive perspective on Te Whare Tapa Whā and felt it was good for nursing care. They were able to identify barriers to implementation. There were mixed responses on feeling supported to use Te Whare Tapa Whā in the workplace. Four over-arching themes were identified from the interviews . These were; Māori, clinical practice, organisation level and individual factors.
Conclusion: Overall, all mental health nurses had a positive perception of Te Whare Tapa Whā and the impacts it can have on nursing care. Most identified barriers which can impact whether they can actually use it in practice. Māori and non-Māori nurses had different depths of knowledge, cultural worldviews and clinical practice experiences, creating complexities with implementation. These beliefs, perceptions and experiences were highlighted in this study.

year: 2023