title: A protocol developing, disseminating and implementing a core outcome set for infertility.

authors: Duffy, J.M.N.

subjects: clinical practice guidelines

abstract: STUDY QUESTIONS: We aim to produce, disseminate and implement a core outcome set for future infertility research. 
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating infertility treatments have reported many different outcomes, which are often defined and measured in different ways. Such variation contributes to an inability to compare, contrast and combine results of individual RCTs. The development of a core outcome set will ensure outcomes important to key stakeholders are consistently collected and reported across future infertility research. 
STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: This is a consensus study using the modified Delphi method. All stakeholders, including healthcare professionals, allied healthcare professionals, researchers and people with lived experience of infertility will be invited to participate. 
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS: An international steering group, including people with lived experience of infertility, healthcare professionals, allied healthcare professionals and researchers, has been formed to guide the development of this core outcome set. Potential core outcomes have been identified through a comprehensive literature review of RCTs evaluating treatments for infertility and will be entered into a modified Delphi method. Participants will be asked to score potential core outcomes on a nine-point Likert scale anchored between one (not important) and nine (critical). Repeated reflection and rescoring should promote convergence towards consensus 'core' outcomes. We will establish standardized definitions and recommend high-quality measurement instruments for individual core outcomes. 
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This project is funded by the Royal Society of New Zealand Catalyst Fund (3712235). BWM reports consultancy fees from Guerbet, Merck, and ObsEva. R.S.L. reports consultancy fees from Abbvie, Bayer, Fractyl and Ogeda and research sponsorship from Ferring. S.B. is the Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction Open. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.

text: A protocol developing, disseminating and implementing a core outcome set for infertility. STUDY QUESTIONS: We aim to produce, disseminate and implement a core outcome set for future infertility research. 
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating infertility treatments have reported many different outcomes, which are often defined and measured in different ways. Such variation contributes to an inability to compare, contrast and combine results of individual RCTs. The development of a core outcome set will ensure outcomes important to key stakeholders are consistently collected and reported across future infertility research. 
STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION: This is a consensus study using the modified Delphi method. All stakeholders, including healthcare professionals, allied healthcare professionals, researchers and people with lived experience of infertility will be invited to participate. 
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS: An international steering group, including people with lived experience of infertility, healthcare professionals, allied healthcare professionals and researchers, has been formed to guide the development of this core outcome set. Potential core outcomes have been identified through a comprehensive literature review of RCTs evaluating treatments for infertility and will be entered into a modified Delphi method. Participants will be asked to score potential core outcomes on a nine-point Likert scale anchored between one (not important) and nine (critical). Repeated reflection and rescoring should promote convergence towards consensus 'core' outcomes. We will establish standardized definitions and recommend high-quality measurement instruments for individual core outcomes. 
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS: This project is funded by the Royal Society of New Zealand Catalyst Fund (3712235). BWM reports consultancy fees from Guerbet, Merck, and ObsEva. R.S.L. reports consultancy fees from Abbvie, Bayer, Fractyl and Ogeda and research sponsorship from Ferring. S.B. is the Editor-in-Chief of Human Reproduction Open. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.

year: 2018

title: Measurement of tide induced changes to water table profiles in coarse and fine sand beaches along Pegasus Bay, Canterbury

authors: Ericksen, Neil

abstract: Measurements of changing water table profiles in beaches along Pegasus Bay, Canterbury, show an interchange of water between the sea and beach sand pores throughout a single semi-diurnal tidal cycle. The velocity of water escaping from the water table in response to an ebbing tide does not appear sufficient to elutriate material of silt size or larger from the beach. The low computed velocity is thought to be due to hydrostatic control, by sand dunes at the back of the beach, on water table amplitude. Fresh water and wave wash are considered important supplementary sources to that of tidal water in influencing water table profiles.

text: Measurement of tide induced changes to water table profiles in coarse and fine sand beaches along Pegasus Bay, Canterbury Measurements of changing water table profiles in beaches along Pegasus Bay, Canterbury, show an interchange of water between the sea and beach sand pores throughout a single semi-diurnal tidal cycle. The velocity of water escaping from the water table in response to an ebbing tide does not appear sufficient to elutriate material of silt size or larger from the beach. The low computed velocity is thought to be due to hydrostatic control, by sand dunes at the back of the beach, on water table amplitude. Fresh water and wave wash are considered important supplementary sources to that of tidal water in influencing water table profiles.

year: 1970

title: Re-creating legal space for the first law of Aotearoa-New Zealand

authors: Joseph, Robert

subjects: law

abstract: Some of the historic and contemporary statutory and case law examples of a hybrid Maori-British common law legal system in Aotearoa-New Zealand are discussed. The importance and role performed by the First Law, the tikanga Maori customary law is highlighted.

text: Re-creating legal space for the first law of Aotearoa-New Zealand Some of the historic and contemporary statutory and case law examples of a hybrid Maori-British common law legal system in Aotearoa-New Zealand are discussed. The importance and role performed by the First Law, the tikanga Maori customary law is highlighted.

year: 2009