title: Human capital, graduate migration and innovation in British regions

authors: Faggian, Alessandra

subjects: graduates

abstract: With the aid of a geographical information system, our paper constructs a three stage least squares simultaneous equation model to investigate the interrelationships between the interregional flows of human capital, and the innovation dynamism of a region. In order to do this, we model the interregional migration behaviour of high quality British university graduates from university into first employment, and we relate these human capital flows to both the labour market characteristics and the knowledge characteristics of the employment regions. This is done for all industries and separately for just high technology industries. Our results indicate that for England and Wales there is a two-way causality between the interregional humancapital employment-migration flows of recent university graduates and the innovation performance of regions. However, the results for Great Britain as a whole depend on whether London is included and Scotland is excluded. We find little or no support for the argument that the presence of local universities or small firms promotes regional innovation.

text: Human capital, graduate migration and innovation in British regions With the aid of a geographical information system, our paper constructs a three stage least squares simultaneous equation model to investigate the interrelationships between the interregional flows of human capital, and the innovation dynamism of a region. In order to do this, we model the interregional migration behaviour of high quality British university graduates from university into first employment, and we relate these human capital flows to both the labour market characteristics and the knowledge characteristics of the employment regions. This is done for all industries and separately for just high technology industries. Our results indicate that for England and Wales there is a two-way causality between the interregional humancapital employment-migration flows of recent university graduates and the innovation performance of regions. However, the results for Great Britain as a whole depend on whether London is included and Scotland is excluded. We find little or no support for the argument that the presence of local universities or small firms promotes regional innovation.

year: 2009

title: Grain growth and kinetics for nanocrystalline magnesium alloy produced by mechanical alloying

authors: Cao, Peng

subjects: alloys

abstract: A study on the kinetics of grain growth of an Mg-12.1 wt%Cu alloy produced by mechanical alloying was carried out. The grain sizes of as-mechanically alloyed powder and of cold-compacted annealed powder were determined from the broadening of X-ray lines. The grain size deceases initially due to recrystallization and then increases gradually, and finally ceases to reach an ultimate value regardless of annealing time. From isothermal anneals, the grain growth kinetics can be described by Dn − D0n = ct, where n (n = 5 to 8) is a constant essentially dependent on the annealing temperature. The activation energy for grain growth Q has been determined to be 118 kJ/mol, which is longer by 26 kJ/mol than that for pure magnesium. Second-phase intermetallic particle Mg2Cu produced during ball-milling influences not only on activation energy but also on exponent of the kinetic equation.

text: Grain growth and kinetics for nanocrystalline magnesium alloy produced by mechanical alloying A study on the kinetics of grain growth of an Mg-12.1 wt%Cu alloy produced by mechanical alloying was carried out. The grain sizes of as-mechanically alloyed powder and of cold-compacted annealed powder were determined from the broadening of X-ray lines. The grain size deceases initially due to recrystallization and then increases gradually, and finally ceases to reach an ultimate value regardless of annealing time. From isothermal anneals, the grain growth kinetics can be described by Dn − D0n = ct, where n (n = 5 to 8) is a constant essentially dependent on the annealing temperature. The activation energy for grain growth Q has been determined to be 118 kJ/mol, which is longer by 26 kJ/mol than that for pure magnesium. Second-phase intermetallic particle Mg2Cu produced during ball-milling influences not only on activation energy but also on exponent of the kinetic equation.

year: 2001

title: Lake weed and the Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes then and now

authors: Burton, Tracy

abstract: This afternoon we will be looking beneath the surface of the Rotorua
Te Arawa lakes at the submerged aquatic plants that grow within them – the good the bad and the ugly. We will have a look at the special native aquatic plants that occur naturally in the lakes, familiarise ourselves with the weed species that have invaded them and look at how these weeds have (and are) changed the natural condition of the lakes. We will also look at how submerged plants are being used to report on the condition of our lakes and what these plant communities can tell us about the state of the lakes yesterday and today.

text: Lake weed and the Rotorua Te Arawa Lakes then and now This afternoon we will be looking beneath the surface of the Rotorua
Te Arawa lakes at the submerged aquatic plants that grow within them – the good the bad and the ugly. We will have a look at the special native aquatic plants that occur naturally in the lakes, familiarise ourselves with the weed species that have invaded them and look at how these weeds have (and are) changed the natural condition of the lakes. We will also look at how submerged plants are being used to report on the condition of our lakes and what these plant communities can tell us about the state of the lakes yesterday and today.

year: 2017