title: Clinical Implications of Landing Distance on Landing Error Scoring System Scores

authors: Hanzlíková, Ivana

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Context: The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) screens for the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. The LESS requires individuals to jump forward from a 30-cm box to a distance of 50% of their body height. However, different landing distances have been cited in the scientific literature.

Objective: To examine whether landing distance influences LESS outcomes.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Participants or Other Participants: Seventy young active individuals (34 males, 36 females).

Intervention(s): Participants performed 33 30-cm jump landing tasks under 2 landing conditions in randomized order: (1) 50% of body height (d50%), (2) self-selected distance (dss).

Main Outcome Measure(s): Mean LESS scores, proportions of individuals categorized at high (LESS: 5 errors) and low (LESS: <5 errors) injury risk, and landing distances were compared between conditions using generalized estimating equations. Consistency of risk categorization was examined using odds ratios (ORs) and McNemar tests. McNemar and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare the occurrence of specific LESS errors.

Results: Participants landed closer to the box under the dss condition (difference = 23.28 [95% CI = 20.73, 25.81]%, P < .001). Group mean LESS scores (difference = 0.01 [95% CI = 0.59, 0.57] error, P = .969) and risk categorization (OR = 0.94 [95% CI = 0.47, 1.88], P = .859) were similar between conditions. However, individual-level risk categorization was inconsistent in 33% of participants, as was the occurrence of specific errors.

Conclusions: Using dss during the LESS might lead to different LESS errors and risk categorizations at an individual level than using d50%. Given that individual LESS scores are of primary interest in clinical and sport settings and the injury-risk threshold has not been validated for dss, we recommend the use of the original LESS protocol. When only group mean LESS scores or proportions of at-risk individuals are of interest, using dss is feasible to facilitate the testing of large cohorts.

text: Clinical Implications of Landing Distance on Landing Error Scoring System Scores Context: The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) screens for the risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury. The LESS requires individuals to jump forward from a 30-cm box to a distance of 50% of their body height. However, different landing distances have been cited in the scientific literature.

Objective: To examine whether landing distance influences LESS outcomes.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Participants or Other Participants: Seventy young active individuals (34 males, 36 females).

Intervention(s): Participants performed 33 30-cm jump landing tasks under 2 landing conditions in randomized order: (1) 50% of body height (d50%), (2) self-selected distance (dss).

Main Outcome Measure(s): Mean LESS scores, proportions of individuals categorized at high (LESS: 5 errors) and low (LESS: <5 errors) injury risk, and landing distances were compared between conditions using generalized estimating equations. Consistency of risk categorization was examined using odds ratios (ORs) and McNemar tests. McNemar and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare the occurrence of specific LESS errors.

Results: Participants landed closer to the box under the dss condition (difference = 23.28 [95% CI = 20.73, 25.81]%, P < .001). Group mean LESS scores (difference = 0.01 [95% CI = 0.59, 0.57] error, P = .969) and risk categorization (OR = 0.94 [95% CI = 0.47, 1.88], P = .859) were similar between conditions. However, individual-level risk categorization was inconsistent in 33% of participants, as was the occurrence of specific errors.

Conclusions: Using dss during the LESS might lead to different LESS errors and risk categorizations at an individual level than using d50%. Given that individual LESS scores are of primary interest in clinical and sport settings and the injury-risk threshold has not been validated for dss, we recommend the use of the original LESS protocol. When only group mean LESS scores or proportions of at-risk individuals are of interest, using dss is feasible to facilitate the testing of large cohorts.

year: 2021-06-01

title: Using Mesh Shaders for isosurface extraction

authors: Elliott, Hamish Robert

subjects: CGI

abstract: This thesis investigates the use of the Mesh Shader graphics pipeline, utilising in particular its ability of parallel and dynamic choice of geometry, to gain computation efficiencies in realising the Marching Cubes isosurface extraction algorithm. The thesis details how the Marching Cubes algorithm was mapped to the Mesh Shader pipeline, to form a baseline implementation. In addition, two heuristic-based variants are presented that reduced the GPUs workload, but at the potential cost of compromising accuracy. In evaluation of the work, a comparison of the baseline Mesh Shader pipeline implementation is made with a previous compute-shader based implementation. We also present a set of experiments that investigate the speed and accuracy of the two heuristic-based variants.

text: Using Mesh Shaders for isosurface extraction This thesis investigates the use of the Mesh Shader graphics pipeline, utilising in particular its ability of parallel and dynamic choice of geometry, to gain computation efficiencies in realising the Marching Cubes isosurface extraction algorithm. The thesis details how the Marching Cubes algorithm was mapped to the Mesh Shader pipeline, to form a baseline implementation. In addition, two heuristic-based variants are presented that reduced the GPUs workload, but at the potential cost of compromising accuracy. In evaluation of the work, a comparison of the baseline Mesh Shader pipeline implementation is made with a previous compute-shader based implementation. We also present a set of experiments that investigate the speed and accuracy of the two heuristic-based variants.

year: 2022

title: Commentary on 'Family obligations in Micronesian cultures: implications for educators'

authors: Bishop, Russell

subjects: education

abstract: The paper makes some interesting observations about the need for educators to understand the cultural positionings of Micronesian students and by implication challenges readers to extend these understandings to other migrant and minoritised student groups. I would like to take up this challenge and illustrate how useful it is to theorise from a relational discourse when seeking solutions to what many educators are suggesting as the greatest problem we face in contemporary education, i.e. the seemingly immutable and growing educational disparities that accompany the increasing diversity of our student bodies in association with the continuing dominance of monocultural and deficit explanations by teachers about the causes of the disparities. This problem negatively affects indigenous students and students of colour along with migrant students and the paper rightly points to the need for solutions.

text: Commentary on 'Family obligations in Micronesian cultures: implications for educators' The paper makes some interesting observations about the need for educators to understand the cultural positionings of Micronesian students and by implication challenges readers to extend these understandings to other migrant and minoritised student groups. I would like to take up this challenge and illustrate how useful it is to theorise from a relational discourse when seeking solutions to what many educators are suggesting as the greatest problem we face in contemporary education, i.e. the seemingly immutable and growing educational disparities that accompany the increasing diversity of our student bodies in association with the continuing dominance of monocultural and deficit explanations by teachers about the causes of the disparities. This problem negatively affects indigenous students and students of colour along with migrant students and the paper rightly points to the need for solutions.

year: 2010