title: Green or grey pandemic recovery? Revealing the blue–green infrastructure influences in Aotearoa-New Zealand’s “Shovel Ready” Covid-19 response

authors: Hanna, Christina Jane

abstract: This paper analyses Aotearoa-New Zealand’s “shovel-ready fund” to assess if, and how, blue–green infrastructure systems were present in bids from its largest city regions. Findings indicate a greater prevalence in areas with existing spatial plans, and while there was some consideration of climate resilience, there was no real acknowledgement of the pandemic or human health. More positively, there was some evidence of unique indigenous influences that have potential to develop more inclusive and holistic blue–green infrastructure initiatives. The overall response, however, demonstrates a disjointed approach to blue–green infrastructure-related projects, and a missed opportunity for a more transformative response to the climate crisis and human health emergencies.

text: Green or grey pandemic recovery? Revealing the blue–green infrastructure influences in Aotearoa-New Zealand’s “Shovel Ready” Covid-19 response This paper analyses Aotearoa-New Zealand’s “shovel-ready fund” to assess if, and how, blue–green infrastructure systems were present in bids from its largest city regions. Findings indicate a greater prevalence in areas with existing spatial plans, and while there was some consideration of climate resilience, there was no real acknowledgement of the pandemic or human health. More positively, there was some evidence of unique indigenous influences that have potential to develop more inclusive and holistic blue–green infrastructure initiatives. The overall response, however, demonstrates a disjointed approach to blue–green infrastructure-related projects, and a missed opportunity for a more transformative response to the climate crisis and human health emergencies.

year: 2022

title: Evaluation of iwi and hapū participation in the resource consents processes of six district councils

authors: Backhurst, Michael

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: This working paper analyses the processes adopted by councils for involving hapū/iwi in plan implementation, including the resource consents process. Three topic issues were investigated to assess plan implementation — urban amenity, storm water, and issues of importance to iwi. Questions were asked about the capacity of hapū/iwi to engage in the resource consent process, which resource issues were of concern to them, their relationship with council and consent applicants, and their perception of the consent process. Most resources listed in the questionnaire were of concern to hapū/iwi, with water quality, wāhi tapu and heritage the most commonly cited. In conclusion, we found a general dissatisfaction on the part of hapū/iwi with councils’ performance with respect to both Treaty relationships and consent processing under the RMA. A further contributing factor to the poor relationships found between hapū/iwi and councils, was the lack of clarity over the role of hapū and iwi in resource management. In several districts, diverging responses from hapū/iwi and councils to questions about level of understanding and commitment suggests there is a need for more effective communication. These problems are compounded by the generally low capacity of hapū/iwi to participate in resource consent processes. These findings suggest that there is much to be done to improve relationships and behaviour of these key stakeholder groups in the plan implementation process if key provisions in the RMA related to hapū/iwi interests are to be fulfilled. The differences shown in reciprocal perceptions have serious implications for establishing a sound working partnership between councils and hapū/iwi in their areas. Making clear these discrepancies is a first step towards taking the measures needed for building a better partnership. Further, the capacity of hapū/iwi to participate could be better utilised if there was greater integration between regional and district councils on issues of significance and processes for iwi involvement.

text: Evaluation of iwi and hapū participation in the resource consents processes of six district councils This working paper analyses the processes adopted by councils for involving hapū/iwi in plan implementation, including the resource consents process. Three topic issues were investigated to assess plan implementation — urban amenity, storm water, and issues of importance to iwi. Questions were asked about the capacity of hapū/iwi to engage in the resource consent process, which resource issues were of concern to them, their relationship with council and consent applicants, and their perception of the consent process. Most resources listed in the questionnaire were of concern to hapū/iwi, with water quality, wāhi tapu and heritage the most commonly cited. In conclusion, we found a general dissatisfaction on the part of hapū/iwi with councils’ performance with respect to both Treaty relationships and consent processing under the RMA. A further contributing factor to the poor relationships found between hapū/iwi and councils, was the lack of clarity over the role of hapū and iwi in resource management. In several districts, diverging responses from hapū/iwi and councils to questions about level of understanding and commitment suggests there is a need for more effective communication. These problems are compounded by the generally low capacity of hapū/iwi to participate in resource consent processes. These findings suggest that there is much to be done to improve relationships and behaviour of these key stakeholder groups in the plan implementation process if key provisions in the RMA related to hapū/iwi interests are to be fulfilled. The differences shown in reciprocal perceptions have serious implications for establishing a sound working partnership between councils and hapū/iwi in their areas. Making clear these discrepancies is a first step towards taking the measures needed for building a better partnership. Further, the capacity of hapū/iwi to participate could be better utilised if there was greater integration between regional and district councils on issues of significance and processes for iwi involvement.

year: 2004-03

title: Dimeric rhodium(III), iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) thiosalicylate complexes

authors: Henderson, William

subjects: Rhodium

abstract: Reactions of the chloride-bridged dimers [LMCl(μ-Cl)]₂ (M=Rh, Ir; L=Cp*=η⁵-C₅Me₅; M=Ru, L=η⁶-p-cymene) with two mole equivalents of thiosalicylic acid (HSC₆H₄CO₂H, H₂tsal) and excess base gives the dimeric rhodium(III), iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) thiosalicylate complexes [LM(tsal)]₂. Reaction of the complex [Cp*RhCl₂(PPh₂)] with one equivalent of H₂tsal and triethylamine in dichloromethane gives a mixture of the dimer [Cp*Rh(tsal)]₂ and the phosphine complex [Cp*Rh(tsal)(PPh₃)]; upon recrystallisation, pure dimer is obtained. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study on the rhodium and ruthenium dimers reveals the expected thiolate-bridged M₂(μ-S)₂ unit. Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) is a useful technique in studying the chemistry of the thiosalicylate complexes, all complexes giving strong [M+H]⁺ ions. With added thiosalicylic acid, cations of the type [(LM)₂(Htsal)₃]⁺ were detected in the mass spectra.

text: Dimeric rhodium(III), iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) thiosalicylate complexes Reactions of the chloride-bridged dimers [LMCl(μ-Cl)]₂ (M=Rh, Ir; L=Cp*=η⁵-C₅Me₅; M=Ru, L=η⁶-p-cymene) with two mole equivalents of thiosalicylic acid (HSC₆H₄CO₂H, H₂tsal) and excess base gives the dimeric rhodium(III), iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) thiosalicylate complexes [LM(tsal)]₂. Reaction of the complex [Cp*RhCl₂(PPh₂)] with one equivalent of H₂tsal and triethylamine in dichloromethane gives a mixture of the dimer [Cp*Rh(tsal)]₂ and the phosphine complex [Cp*Rh(tsal)(PPh₃)]; upon recrystallisation, pure dimer is obtained. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study on the rhodium and ruthenium dimers reveals the expected thiolate-bridged M₂(μ-S)₂ unit. Electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) is a useful technique in studying the chemistry of the thiosalicylate complexes, all complexes giving strong [M+H]⁺ ions. With added thiosalicylic acid, cations of the type [(LM)₂(Htsal)₃]⁺ were detected in the mass spectra.

year: 2001-04-01