title: Total site utility system structural design using P-graph

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

abstract: This paper explores the macro optimisation decisions of energy sources selection and the structural design of the utility system within the framework of Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI). Most TSHI research on utility systems focuses on optimisation of conventional Combined Heat and Power systems. To build a new Utility Systems Planner (USP) tool, P-graph has been selected as the optimisation tool. A critical element of USP is the inclusion of low-grade heat utilisation technologies within the considered superstructure. The USP outputs include the optimal structure of the utility system including the arrangement and size of each component and estimates for Greenhouse Gas and Water Footprints. The successful application of the USP to a representative industrial case study with district energy integration shows an optimal solution with a natural gas boiler, reciprocating gas engine, condensing economiser, steam turbine, thermocompressor, organic Rankine cycle, cooling tower, and electric chiller with a total cost of 14.893 M€/y. The new tool is a platform for launching further research including site-specific application, multi-period optimisation, and sensitivity analysis.

text: Total site utility system structural design using P-graph This paper explores the macro optimisation decisions of energy sources selection and the structural design of the utility system within the framework of Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI). Most TSHI research on utility systems focuses on optimisation of conventional Combined Heat and Power systems. To build a new Utility Systems Planner (USP) tool, P-graph has been selected as the optimisation tool. A critical element of USP is the inclusion of low-grade heat utilisation technologies within the considered superstructure. The USP outputs include the optimal structure of the utility system including the arrangement and size of each component and estimates for Greenhouse Gas and Water Footprints. The successful application of the USP to a representative industrial case study with district energy integration shows an optimal solution with a natural gas boiler, reciprocating gas engine, condensing economiser, steam turbine, thermocompressor, organic Rankine cycle, cooling tower, and electric chiller with a total cost of 14.893 M€/y. The new tool is a platform for launching further research including site-specific application, multi-period optimisation, and sensitivity analysis.

year: 2018

title: Simple stereo matching algorithm for localising keypoints in a restricted search space

authors: Seabright, Matthew

abstract: Modern stereo matching algorithms generally rely on matching image features such as colour and texture to find corresponding matches between images. They can provide very good results but be very computationally intensive. However, in cases where the objects to be localised lie approximately on a known plane, a much simpler algorithm can be applied. One such case is localising kiwifruit in modern orchards, as the plants are trained to grow in a planar structure known as a pergola. The proposed algorithm uses tight distance limits (based on orchard geometry) to reduce the search space for matching fruit to a small window. For the majority of kiwifruit, the search window is small enough to contain only one fruit in the adjacent image, giving only a single solution. In cases where there are tightly grouped fruit or false positive fruit detections adjacent to true positive fruit detections, there can be multiple potential matching solutions. To solve these, each potential solution is evaluated based on how closely it conforms to the mean object distance from camera and a solution is selected. On real world test data containing 121 image pairs, the algorithm has a 99.2 % true positive rate. Computation time was 1.97 ms per image pair.

text: Simple stereo matching algorithm for localising keypoints in a restricted search space Modern stereo matching algorithms generally rely on matching image features such as colour and texture to find corresponding matches between images. They can provide very good results but be very computationally intensive. However, in cases where the objects to be localised lie approximately on a known plane, a much simpler algorithm can be applied. One such case is localising kiwifruit in modern orchards, as the plants are trained to grow in a planar structure known as a pergola. The proposed algorithm uses tight distance limits (based on orchard geometry) to reduce the search space for matching fruit to a small window. For the majority of kiwifruit, the search window is small enough to contain only one fruit in the adjacent image, giving only a single solution. In cases where there are tightly grouped fruit or false positive fruit detections adjacent to true positive fruit detections, there can be multiple potential matching solutions. To solve these, each potential solution is evaluated based on how closely it conforms to the mean object distance from camera and a solution is selected. On real world test data containing 121 image pairs, the algorithm has a 99.2 % true positive rate. Computation time was 1.97 ms per image pair.

year: 2018

title: Software development: Involving Tangata Whenua and incorporating Tikanga Māori

authors: Taia, Ivy

subjects: software engineering

abstract: Over the past fifty years, software development (SD) has been dominated by Western approaches, which is widely accepted as the standard way of doing things (Diaz Andrade et al., 2021). Consequently, many software applications for specific Indigenous cultures, especially health interventions and educational software (Dobson, Whittaker, Bartley, Connor, Chen, Ross & McCool, 2017; Fleer, 1989), were developed using traditional software engineering (SE) methodologies. Although these methodologies provide the workflows and methods for developing software, they do not provide guidelines for developing Indigenous software. While there have been numerous studies on diversity, such as gender and ethnicity in the field of Information Systems, there is very little research on the practices of involving Indigenous people and incorporating their traditional customs in the software development process. This thesis examines the participation of Indigenous people in software development. The research specifically focuses on Tangata Whenua (Māori people, the Indigenous population of Aotearoa New Zealand) and Tikanga Māori (Māori cultural methods). Our findings are useful to those attempting to enhance Indigenous representation in software development, especially those wanting to involve Māori people and their cultural methods in the development process and design of software.

text: Software development: Involving Tangata Whenua and incorporating Tikanga Māori Over the past fifty years, software development (SD) has been dominated by Western approaches, which is widely accepted as the standard way of doing things (Diaz Andrade et al., 2021). Consequently, many software applications for specific Indigenous cultures, especially health interventions and educational software (Dobson, Whittaker, Bartley, Connor, Chen, Ross & McCool, 2017; Fleer, 1989), were developed using traditional software engineering (SE) methodologies. Although these methodologies provide the workflows and methods for developing software, they do not provide guidelines for developing Indigenous software. While there have been numerous studies on diversity, such as gender and ethnicity in the field of Information Systems, there is very little research on the practices of involving Indigenous people and incorporating their traditional customs in the software development process. This thesis examines the participation of Indigenous people in software development. The research specifically focuses on Tangata Whenua (Māori people, the Indigenous population of Aotearoa New Zealand) and Tikanga Māori (Māori cultural methods). Our findings are useful to those attempting to enhance Indigenous representation in software development, especially those wanting to involve Māori people and their cultural methods in the development process and design of software.

year: 2025