title: Selecting one from many: The development of a scalable visualization tool

authors: Apperley, Mark

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: This paper describes visualisation tools to support the task of selecting one object from a collection of many on the basis of its attribute values. For this frequently encountered task we identify a set of tools appropriate to a spectrum of collection sizes extending from hundreds of thousands to as few as ten or twenty. Although some of the tools have not previously been reported, and some have received only cursory attention in the literature, others are well known. This paper presents the tools in a coherent and consistent manner, showing relationships and progressions between them, identifying their principal attributes and relating them to the problem solver's cognitive task. We conclude with a proposal for integrating techniques within a single tool in order to deal with a continuum of working set sizes.

text: Selecting one from many: The development of a scalable visualization tool This paper describes visualisation tools to support the task of selecting one object from a collection of many on the basis of its attribute values. For this frequently encountered task we identify a set of tools appropriate to a spectrum of collection sizes extending from hundreds of thousands to as few as ten or twenty. Although some of the tools have not previously been reported, and some have received only cursory attention in the literature, others are well known. This paper presents the tools in a coherent and consistent manner, showing relationships and progressions between them, identifying their principal attributes and relating them to the problem solver's cognitive task. We conclude with a proposal for integrating techniques within a single tool in order to deal with a continuum of working set sizes.

year: 2001

title: Modelling general anaesthesia as a first-order phase transition in the cortex

authors: Steyn-Ross, Moira L.

subjects: anaesthesia

abstract: Since 1997 we have been developing a theoretical foundation for general anaesthesia. We have been able to demonstrate that the abrupt change in brain state broughton by anaesthetic drugs can be characterized as a first-order phase transition in the population-average membrane voltage of the cortical neurons. The theory predicts that, as the critical point of phase-change into unconsciousness is approached, the electrical fluctuations in cortical activity will grow strongly in amplitude while slowing in frequency, becoming more correlated both in time and in space. Thus the bio-electrical change of brain-state has deep similarities with thermodynamic phase changes of classical physics. The theory further predicts the existence of a second critical point, hysteretically separated from the first, corresponding to the return path from comatose unconsciousness back to normal responsiveness. There is a steadily accumulating body of clinical evidence in support of all of the phasetransition predictions: low-frequency power surge in EEG activity; increased correlation time and correlation length in EEG fluctuations; hysteresis separation, with respect to drug concentration, between the point of induction and the point of emergence.

text: Modelling general anaesthesia as a first-order phase transition in the cortex Since 1997 we have been developing a theoretical foundation for general anaesthesia. We have been able to demonstrate that the abrupt change in brain state broughton by anaesthetic drugs can be characterized as a first-order phase transition in the population-average membrane voltage of the cortical neurons. The theory predicts that, as the critical point of phase-change into unconsciousness is approached, the electrical fluctuations in cortical activity will grow strongly in amplitude while slowing in frequency, becoming more correlated both in time and in space. Thus the bio-electrical change of brain-state has deep similarities with thermodynamic phase changes of classical physics. The theory further predicts the existence of a second critical point, hysteretically separated from the first, corresponding to the return path from comatose unconsciousness back to normal responsiveness. There is a steadily accumulating body of clinical evidence in support of all of the phasetransition predictions: low-frequency power surge in EEG activity; increased correlation time and correlation length in EEG fluctuations; hysteresis separation, with respect to drug concentration, between the point of induction and the point of emergence.

year: 2004-01

title: The science-society relationship in Aotearoa: practicing responsible innovation in the New Zealand research and innovation system

authors: Finlay-Smits, Susanna

subjects: Responsible innovation

abstract: Reports on Aotearoa New Zealand’s research, science, and innovation (RSI) system suggest the sector could improve its social responsibility and create more social value. However, researchers and innovators within the sector find this challenging. Through qualitative interviews and a national survey of RSI system participants, this study explores the current perceptions, practices enacted, and support given around responsible research and innovation practices. Findings indicate that researchers and innovators have diverse understandings of what responsible research and innovation entails, viewing anticipation and reflexivity-aligned practices as the most important aspects of responsible research and innovation. Participants feel most supported by research organisations and funding bodies to enact such aspects of responsible practice. However, they perceive a discrepancy, across all dimensions explored, between what researchers and innovators should do, and what they actually do in terms of enacting responsible practices. Thus, significant room for improvement is identified, particularly regarding practices that align with researchers’ and innovators’ obligations under Te Tiriti o Waitangi, and requirements under Vision Mātauranga.

text: The science-society relationship in Aotearoa: practicing responsible innovation in the New Zealand research and innovation system Reports on Aotearoa New Zealand’s research, science, and innovation (RSI) system suggest the sector could improve its social responsibility and create more social value. However, researchers and innovators within the sector find this challenging. Through qualitative interviews and a national survey of RSI system participants, this study explores the current perceptions, practices enacted, and support given around responsible research and innovation practices. Findings indicate that researchers and innovators have diverse understandings of what responsible research and innovation entails, viewing anticipation and reflexivity-aligned practices as the most important aspects of responsible research and innovation. Participants feel most supported by research organisations and funding bodies to enact such aspects of responsible practice. However, they perceive a discrepancy, across all dimensions explored, between what researchers and innovators should do, and what they actually do in terms of enacting responsible practices. Thus, significant room for improvement is identified, particularly regarding practices that align with researchers’ and innovators’ obligations under Te Tiriti o Waitangi, and requirements under Vision Mātauranga.

year: 2023-05-17