title: An analytical model for the break-even credit default swap spread with o counterparty default risk in Hall(2009): A pedagogical approach.

authors: Choi, Daniel F.S.

subjects: Credit Default Swap Spread

abstract: Professor Hull in his textbook [Hull, J. C. Options, Futures, & Other Derivatives, Edition 7, Pearson, 2009] illustrates the determination of the credit default swap (CDS) spread by a numerical example. This paper follows the assumptions used by Professor Hull and provides a reduced form formula for the CDS spread. The CDS spread can be simplified by the Taylor series into a function of two variables, the default probability and the recovery rate. Rearranging this simplified formula, the default probability, expressed as the ratio of the CDS spread and the loss given default, is equivalent to the average default intensity, or, the hazard rate defined in Hull [2009, p.500].

text: An analytical model for the break-even credit default swap spread with o counterparty default risk in Hall(2009): A pedagogical approach. Professor Hull in his textbook [Hull, J. C. Options, Futures, & Other Derivatives, Edition 7, Pearson, 2009] illustrates the determination of the credit default swap (CDS) spread by a numerical example. This paper follows the assumptions used by Professor Hull and provides a reduced form formula for the CDS spread. The CDS spread can be simplified by the Taylor series into a function of two variables, the default probability and the recovery rate. Rearranging this simplified formula, the default probability, expressed as the ratio of the CDS spread and the loss given default, is equivalent to the average default intensity, or, the hazard rate defined in Hull [2009, p.500].

year: 2010

title: Modifying hydrological regime and catchment land use to improve water quality in Lake Waikare: Modelled insights

authors: Prentice, Matthew James

abstract: Effective management of eutrophication in large, shallow, lakes is particularly challenging, especially in catchments dominated by agricultural activities. These challenges are further exacerbated in lakes that have undergone significant hydrological and biogeochemical modification. In these systems, effective hydrological management strategies may involve increasing discharge rates to promote flushing and modifying lake depth to reduce the effects of wind-induced sediment resuspension, while effective biogeochemical modification may involve improving catchment management practices to reduce external nutrient loading. In this study, we present a modelling investigation of Lake Waikare, Waikato, New Zealand; a large (surface area: 34 km²), shallow (mean depth: 1.2 m), hypereutrophic lake that has experienced significant hydrological modification and water quality deterioration since the early 1900s.

text: Modifying hydrological regime and catchment land use to improve water quality in Lake Waikare: Modelled insights Effective management of eutrophication in large, shallow, lakes is particularly challenging, especially in catchments dominated by agricultural activities. These challenges are further exacerbated in lakes that have undergone significant hydrological and biogeochemical modification. In these systems, effective hydrological management strategies may involve increasing discharge rates to promote flushing and modifying lake depth to reduce the effects of wind-induced sediment resuspension, while effective biogeochemical modification may involve improving catchment management practices to reduce external nutrient loading. In this study, we present a modelling investigation of Lake Waikare, Waikato, New Zealand; a large (surface area: 34 km²), shallow (mean depth: 1.2 m), hypereutrophic lake that has experienced significant hydrological modification and water quality deterioration since the early 1900s.

year: 2025

title: Distributed agent-centric system for indigenous data sovereignty

authors: Noovao, Setephano

subjects: holochain

abstract: The sovereignty of indigenous data is a key issue facing indigenous communities. Holochain, a distributed ledger technology, has the potential to address some of the challenges indigenous communities face with respect to data sovereignty. The purpose of this thesis is to critically evaluate the feasibility of using holochain technology to support indigenous data sovereignty. This paper first explores the literature on holochain technology, examining its underlying architecture and features. The research employs a three-phase design science research methodology, conducting an experiment to explore the integration of a decentralized application, holochain, with a prominent cloud service provider. The first phase concentrates on emulating real data-sharing platforms that may utilize data at its disposal, following the principles of indigenous data sovereignty, where a centralized platform could be hosted on a cloud computing service with multiple services in operation. The second phase involves developing a holochain application guided by the principles of indigenous data sovereignty. The final phase seeks to combine the established centralized platform from the first phase with the outcomes of the holochain application from the second phase to experimentally assess whether both technologies can create a data sovereignty solution that aligns with the needs of indigenous data sovereignty. The results of the experiment will provide a solid foundation for understanding the current state of the field and identifying areas where holochain can potentially offer solutions. Furthermore, the results of our research indicate that holochain shows significant promise in tackling the issue of indigenous data sovereignty, although there are considerable limitations that must be addressed and resolved to achieve improved results.

text: Distributed agent-centric system for indigenous data sovereignty The sovereignty of indigenous data is a key issue facing indigenous communities. Holochain, a distributed ledger technology, has the potential to address some of the challenges indigenous communities face with respect to data sovereignty. The purpose of this thesis is to critically evaluate the feasibility of using holochain technology to support indigenous data sovereignty. This paper first explores the literature on holochain technology, examining its underlying architecture and features. The research employs a three-phase design science research methodology, conducting an experiment to explore the integration of a decentralized application, holochain, with a prominent cloud service provider. The first phase concentrates on emulating real data-sharing platforms that may utilize data at its disposal, following the principles of indigenous data sovereignty, where a centralized platform could be hosted on a cloud computing service with multiple services in operation. The second phase involves developing a holochain application guided by the principles of indigenous data sovereignty. The final phase seeks to combine the established centralized platform from the first phase with the outcomes of the holochain application from the second phase to experimentally assess whether both technologies can create a data sovereignty solution that aligns with the needs of indigenous data sovereignty. The results of the experiment will provide a solid foundation for understanding the current state of the field and identifying areas where holochain can potentially offer solutions. Furthermore, the results of our research indicate that holochain shows significant promise in tackling the issue of indigenous data sovereignty, although there are considerable limitations that must be addressed and resolved to achieve improved results.

year: 2024