title: The power of the local in sports broadcasting: a cross-cultural analysis of rugby commentary

authors: Desmarais, Fabrice

subjects: sports media

abstract: This article explores how local pressures intersect to produce differing broadcasts in 2 cultural contexts. This is achieved via a cross-cultural analysis of a decade of tele¬vised rugby union matches between France and New Zealand and interviews with leading commentators in both countries. The authors argue that although the over-arching commercial imperative to capture audiences might be the same in both coun¬tries, and despite global tendencies toward homogenized presentation of sports events, there are local differences in expectations about which kinds of audiences should be captured, and these lead to different practices and emphases in the live broadcasts. The authors suggest that in each country, broadcasts are the result of a complex set of pressures that interact to produce broadcasts with “local” flavor and characteristics.

text: The power of the local in sports broadcasting: a cross-cultural analysis of rugby commentary This article explores how local pressures intersect to produce differing broadcasts in 2 cultural contexts. This is achieved via a cross-cultural analysis of a decade of tele¬vised rugby union matches between France and New Zealand and interviews with leading commentators in both countries. The authors argue that although the over-arching commercial imperative to capture audiences might be the same in both coun¬tries, and despite global tendencies toward homogenized presentation of sports events, there are local differences in expectations about which kinds of audiences should be captured, and these lead to different practices and emphases in the live broadcasts. The authors suggest that in each country, broadcasts are the result of a complex set of pressures that interact to produce broadcasts with “local” flavor and characteristics.

year: 2009

title: Seasonal changes in phytoplankton nutrient limitation: Lake Rotorua

authors: Tempero, Grant Wayne

abstract: The management of macronutrient availability is central for reducing harmful algal blooms and the restoration of aquatic ecosystems. While there is some dispute as to the need for phosphorus (P) only control versus P and nitrogen (N) control, scientific opinion generally supports dual nutrient control in New Zealand lakes. Previous nutrient limitation studies of Lake Rotorua conducted during the 1970s and 1980s reported N limitation to varying degrees. This period coincided with the disposal of sub-optimally treated municipal wastewater to the lake, resulting in significant P loading and resultant algal blooms. Land disposal of wastewater was initiated in 1991 reducing nutrient loads to the lake, however, no further nutrient limitation studies were conducted until the summer of 2004 when N and P co-limitation was reported. From the mid-2000s water quality improved from a Trophic Lake index (TLI) of approximately 4.8 to 4.2, a change likely driven, in part, by sediment P depletion following the change to land disposal of wastewater and the initiation of alum dosing in 2006.

text: Seasonal changes in phytoplankton nutrient limitation: Lake Rotorua The management of macronutrient availability is central for reducing harmful algal blooms and the restoration of aquatic ecosystems. While there is some dispute as to the need for phosphorus (P) only control versus P and nitrogen (N) control, scientific opinion generally supports dual nutrient control in New Zealand lakes. Previous nutrient limitation studies of Lake Rotorua conducted during the 1970s and 1980s reported N limitation to varying degrees. This period coincided with the disposal of sub-optimally treated municipal wastewater to the lake, resulting in significant P loading and resultant algal blooms. Land disposal of wastewater was initiated in 1991 reducing nutrient loads to the lake, however, no further nutrient limitation studies were conducted until the summer of 2004 when N and P co-limitation was reported. From the mid-2000s water quality improved from a Trophic Lake index (TLI) of approximately 4.8 to 4.2, a change likely driven, in part, by sediment P depletion following the change to land disposal of wastewater and the initiation of alum dosing in 2006.

year: 2020

title: He purapura whetū tō te whakataukī

authors: Tuahine, Hōhepa

subjects: Whakataukī

abstract: Ko te whakataukī he kōrero e whakaatu ana i ngā tini āhuatanga o te Māori me te āhua o tōna taiao (Milroy, 2004, wh. 38).  Hei tuinga ake, he kōrero e pupuri ana i ngā tohutohu e tau ai te noho o te tangata ki te whenua.  Ka rerekē te whakatakotoranga o te kupu o te whakataukī o nehe, ki te reo Māori o nāianei.  Ko ngā whakataukī o tāukiuki i titoa i te wā e ora tonu ana ngā whare wānanga o nehe me ōna tohunga.  Ka mutu, ko te reo me ōna kupu kei tērā taumata e rere ana.  Nō reira, he kōrero e whakaata ana i te ao Māori, ko ōna atua, ko ōna tikanga, ko ōna pakanga, ko ōna tātai whakapapa, ko ōna mātauranga, ko ōna tohutohu (Milroy, 2004, wh. 38).  Ka tākaitia ake aua mātauranga ki te kōrero poto noa iho, ka tuku iho ai ki ngā uri whakaheke.

text: He purapura whetū tō te whakataukī Ko te whakataukī he kōrero e whakaatu ana i ngā tini āhuatanga o te Māori me te āhua o tōna taiao (Milroy, 2004, wh. 38).  Hei tuinga ake, he kōrero e pupuri ana i ngā tohutohu e tau ai te noho o te tangata ki te whenua.  Ka rerekē te whakatakotoranga o te kupu o te whakataukī o nehe, ki te reo Māori o nāianei.  Ko ngā whakataukī o tāukiuki i titoa i te wā e ora tonu ana ngā whare wānanga o nehe me ōna tohunga.  Ka mutu, ko te reo me ōna kupu kei tērā taumata e rere ana.  Nō reira, he kōrero e whakaata ana i te ao Māori, ko ōna atua, ko ōna tikanga, ko ōna pakanga, ko ōna tātai whakapapa, ko ōna mātauranga, ko ōna tohutohu (Milroy, 2004, wh. 38).  Ka tākaitia ake aua mātauranga ki te kōrero poto noa iho, ka tuku iho ai ki ngā uri whakaheke.

year: 2016