title: Developing an integrated ocean observing system for New Zealand

authors: O'Callaghan, J

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: New Zealand (NZ) is an island nation with stewardship of an ocean twenty times larger than its land area. While the challenges facing NZ's ocean are similar to other maritime countries, no coherent national plan exists that meets the needs of scientists, stakeholders or kaitiakitanga (guardianship) of NZ's ocean in a changing climate. The NZ marine science community used the OceanObs'19 white paper to establish a framework and implementation plan for a collaborative NZ ocean observing system (NZ-OOS). Co-production of ocean knowledge with Māori will be embedded in this national strategy for growing a sustainable, blue economy for NZ. The strengths of an observing system for a relatively small nation come from direct connections between the science impetus through to users and stakeholders of an NZ-OOS. The community will leverage off existing ocean observations to optimize effort and resources in a system that has historically made limited investment in ocean observing. The goal of the community paper will be achieved by bringing together oceanographers, data scientists and marine stakeholders to develop an NZ-OOS that provides best knowledge and tools to the sectors of society that use or are influenced by the ocean.

text: Developing an integrated ocean observing system for New Zealand New Zealand (NZ) is an island nation with stewardship of an ocean twenty times larger than its land area. While the challenges facing NZ's ocean are similar to other maritime countries, no coherent national plan exists that meets the needs of scientists, stakeholders or kaitiakitanga (guardianship) of NZ's ocean in a changing climate. The NZ marine science community used the OceanObs'19 white paper to establish a framework and implementation plan for a collaborative NZ ocean observing system (NZ-OOS). Co-production of ocean knowledge with Māori will be embedded in this national strategy for growing a sustainable, blue economy for NZ. The strengths of an observing system for a relatively small nation come from direct connections between the science impetus through to users and stakeholders of an NZ-OOS. The community will leverage off existing ocean observations to optimize effort and resources in a system that has historically made limited investment in ocean observing. The goal of the community paper will be achieved by bringing together oceanographers, data scientists and marine stakeholders to develop an NZ-OOS that provides best knowledge and tools to the sectors of society that use or are influenced by the ocean.

year: 2019-03-26

title: Applying Kaupapa Māori Processes to Documentary Film.

authors: Waititi, Kahurangi Rora

subjects: Maori documentary

abstract: This thesis explores the application of Kaupapa Māori processes to documentary filmmaking through practiced-led research. The need for this research came to light through the experience of witnessing unacceptable behaviour shown by film crews towards kaumātua who were attending the 2006 28th Māori Battalion Reunion. In reflecting on this experience and considering my own filming experience as a person with a Te Ao Māori background, the basis for this argument was conceived. This thesis argues that there are alternative ways in which filming can be conducted by considering processes that already exist within Māori practices and philosophies.          

This Thesis, therefore, investigates alternative processes of filming that have developed from a Kaupapa Māori perspective through practical filming experience.  An historical overview of the relationship between Māori, media and filming practices have been provided to give context to this discussion.  The application of Kaupapa Māori processes to film was considered through the use of Marae protocol and philosophies. The application of these concepts was supported by the creative research which was utilised by referencing specific examples. The reader is, therefore, instructed to refer to the DVD in the front of the thesis as referenced in the written text.

text: Applying Kaupapa Māori Processes to Documentary Film. This thesis explores the application of Kaupapa Māori processes to documentary filmmaking through practiced-led research. The need for this research came to light through the experience of witnessing unacceptable behaviour shown by film crews towards kaumātua who were attending the 2006 28th Māori Battalion Reunion. In reflecting on this experience and considering my own filming experience as a person with a Te Ao Māori background, the basis for this argument was conceived. This thesis argues that there are alternative ways in which filming can be conducted by considering processes that already exist within Māori practices and philosophies.          

This Thesis, therefore, investigates alternative processes of filming that have developed from a Kaupapa Māori perspective through practical filming experience.  An historical overview of the relationship between Māori, media and filming practices have been provided to give context to this discussion.  The application of Kaupapa Māori processes to film was considered through the use of Marae protocol and philosophies. The application of these concepts was supported by the creative research which was utilised by referencing specific examples. The reader is, therefore, instructed to refer to the DVD in the front of the thesis as referenced in the written text.

year: 2007

title: Managing denitrification in human-dominated landscapes

authors: Schipper, Louis A.

subjects: N

abstract: Increases in food supply and fossil fuel consumption are among the hallmarks of the 20th century. These changes share a common characteristic – they both contribute to an excess supply of plant-available (i.e., reactive) nitrogen – with negative consequences to ecosystems and water supplies across the globe. While there are vast quantities of di-nitrogen gas (N₂) in the atmosphere, this form of N is unavailable (termed unreactive N) to the vast majority of biological life (Galloway et al., 2003). Globally, this unreactive N can be converted to reactive N by four major processes: N-fixing microorganisms (often in symbiotic association with plants, 140 TgNyear⁻¹), industrial fertilizer production (125 TgNyear⁻¹), fossil fuel combustion (25 TgNyear⁻¹), and lightning (5 TgNyear⁻¹) (Schlesinger, 2009). The benefits of increased food production by use of N inputs are clear. World economies also continue to rely on fossil fuels for transport and fertilizer production. As with many biogeochemical processes that are manipulated at global scales, increased N inputs has adverse and unintended consequences (Galloway et al., 2008).

text: Managing denitrification in human-dominated landscapes Increases in food supply and fossil fuel consumption are among the hallmarks of the 20th century. These changes share a common characteristic – they both contribute to an excess supply of plant-available (i.e., reactive) nitrogen – with negative consequences to ecosystems and water supplies across the globe. While there are vast quantities of di-nitrogen gas (N₂) in the atmosphere, this form of N is unavailable (termed unreactive N) to the vast majority of biological life (Galloway et al., 2003). Globally, this unreactive N can be converted to reactive N by four major processes: N-fixing microorganisms (often in symbiotic association with plants, 140 TgNyear⁻¹), industrial fertilizer production (125 TgNyear⁻¹), fossil fuel combustion (25 TgNyear⁻¹), and lightning (5 TgNyear⁻¹) (Schlesinger, 2009). The benefits of increased food production by use of N inputs are clear. World economies also continue to rely on fossil fuels for transport and fertilizer production. As with many biogeochemical processes that are manipulated at global scales, increased N inputs has adverse and unintended consequences (Galloway et al., 2008).

year: 2010