title: Framing New Zealand: How international media project the images of Aotearoa

authors: Pan, Steve

abstract: Travel stories (travelogues) are a potentially important source through which people can understand different cultures. They could be consulted as frames of reference for immediate or future travel decisions. Consequently, tourism organizations are keen to have their destinations introduced or described in media. It is also essential that 'positive images' of a destination be projected to potential visitors. As a result destination marketing organizations attempt to influence media and use visiting journalist programmes to generate favourable coverage in the travel columns of newspapers and magazines. In tum this demands publicity messages be critically analysed to check whether visiting travel journalists utilize the desired themes (frames). 
Accordingly, the purpose of this thesis is to examine the level of congruence between two sets of frames: those of tourism organizations and those of media. Creating a link between words and pictures, this research explores the possibility of creating interval and ordinal levels of measurement (level of interest and frames salience ranking of travelogues) from textual messages. These datasets are used (1) to measure the congruence level of frames, (2) to visually present frames perception (using Multidimensional Scaling), (3) to test factors that influence level of frames congruence, and (4) to examine variables that affect travelogues' 'level of interest' and the number of senses stimulated. Additionally, this thesis examines the similarities and differences in promotional and writing strategies respectively used by tourism organizations and travel writers. It is believed and hoped, with these analyses, that this thesis can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between the promotional material of tourism organizations and travelogues written by travel journalists. 
Results of the study show that female journalists are important in terms of accommodating frames nuanced differently from the promoted, salient ones. It also shows that itinerary design is essential in frames congruence, level of interest of a travelogue, and senses stimulated for visiting journalists. Moreover, results confirm that most travel journalists do not challenge the major frames promoted by tourism organizations, and nearly 45% of travelogues' editorial content can be traced back to destination promotional material. For a 'hot' destination like New Zealand, this representation cycle is even more consolidated and keeps reinforcing itself. Therefore, the success of tourism public relations campaign should not be measured entirely against the praises levelled upon such a destination that enjoys so much good publicity. Alternatively, it is the constructive criticism (critical evaluation) provided by visiting travel journalists that is 'beneficial' to a destination. The results also support the argument that good and sustained public relations start at home.

text: Framing New Zealand: How international media project the images of Aotearoa Travel stories (travelogues) are a potentially important source through which people can understand different cultures. They could be consulted as frames of reference for immediate or future travel decisions. Consequently, tourism organizations are keen to have their destinations introduced or described in media. It is also essential that 'positive images' of a destination be projected to potential visitors. As a result destination marketing organizations attempt to influence media and use visiting journalist programmes to generate favourable coverage in the travel columns of newspapers and magazines. In tum this demands publicity messages be critically analysed to check whether visiting travel journalists utilize the desired themes (frames). 
Accordingly, the purpose of this thesis is to examine the level of congruence between two sets of frames: those of tourism organizations and those of media. Creating a link between words and pictures, this research explores the possibility of creating interval and ordinal levels of measurement (level of interest and frames salience ranking of travelogues) from textual messages. These datasets are used (1) to measure the congruence level of frames, (2) to visually present frames perception (using Multidimensional Scaling), (3) to test factors that influence level of frames congruence, and (4) to examine variables that affect travelogues' 'level of interest' and the number of senses stimulated. Additionally, this thesis examines the similarities and differences in promotional and writing strategies respectively used by tourism organizations and travel writers. It is believed and hoped, with these analyses, that this thesis can contribute to an understanding of the relationship between the promotional material of tourism organizations and travelogues written by travel journalists. 
Results of the study show that female journalists are important in terms of accommodating frames nuanced differently from the promoted, salient ones. It also shows that itinerary design is essential in frames congruence, level of interest of a travelogue, and senses stimulated for visiting journalists. Moreover, results confirm that most travel journalists do not challenge the major frames promoted by tourism organizations, and nearly 45% of travelogues' editorial content can be traced back to destination promotional material. For a 'hot' destination like New Zealand, this representation cycle is even more consolidated and keeps reinforcing itself. Therefore, the success of tourism public relations campaign should not be measured entirely against the praises levelled upon such a destination that enjoys so much good publicity. Alternatively, it is the constructive criticism (critical evaluation) provided by visiting travel journalists that is 'beneficial' to a destination. The results also support the argument that good and sustained public relations start at home.

year: 2006

title: Tracking battery state-of-charge in a continuous use off-grid electricity system

authors: Apperley, Mark

subjects: computer science

abstract: The growing importance of batteries in the delivery of primary energy, for example in electric vehicles and isolated off-grid electricity systems, has added weight to the demand for simple and reliable measures of a battery’s remaining stored energy at any time. Many approaches to estimating this battery state-of-charge exist, ranging from those based on a full appreciation of the chemistry and physics of the storage and delivery mechanisms used, and requiring extensive data on which to base an estimate, to the naïve and simple, based only, for example, on the terminal voltage of the battery. None, however, is perfect, and able to deliver a simple percentage-full figure, as in a fuel gauge. The shortcomings are due to a range of complicating factors, including the impact of rate of charge, rate of discharge, battery aging, and temperature, to name just some of these.
This paper presents a simple yet effective method for tracking state-of-charge in an off-grid electricity system, where batteries are in continuous use, preventing static parameter measurements, and where charge/discharge cycles do not necessarily follow an orderly sequence or pattern. A reliable indication of state-of-charge is, however, highly desirable, but need be only of fuel gauge precision, say to the nearest 12-20%. The algorithm described utilises knowledge of the past, and constantly adapts parameters such as charge efficiency and total charge capacity based on this knowledge, and on the occurrence of specific identifiable events such as zero or full charge.

text: Tracking battery state-of-charge in a continuous use off-grid electricity system The growing importance of batteries in the delivery of primary energy, for example in electric vehicles and isolated off-grid electricity systems, has added weight to the demand for simple and reliable measures of a battery’s remaining stored energy at any time. Many approaches to estimating this battery state-of-charge exist, ranging from those based on a full appreciation of the chemistry and physics of the storage and delivery mechanisms used, and requiring extensive data on which to base an estimate, to the naïve and simple, based only, for example, on the terminal voltage of the battery. None, however, is perfect, and able to deliver a simple percentage-full figure, as in a fuel gauge. The shortcomings are due to a range of complicating factors, including the impact of rate of charge, rate of discharge, battery aging, and temperature, to name just some of these.
This paper presents a simple yet effective method for tracking state-of-charge in an off-grid electricity system, where batteries are in continuous use, preventing static parameter measurements, and where charge/discharge cycles do not necessarily follow an orderly sequence or pattern. A reliable indication of state-of-charge is, however, highly desirable, but need be only of fuel gauge precision, say to the nearest 12-20%. The algorithm described utilises knowledge of the past, and constantly adapts parameters such as charge efficiency and total charge capacity based on this knowledge, and on the occurrence of specific identifiable events such as zero or full charge.

year: 2013-10

title: Research and development absorptive capacity: a Māori perspective

authors: Ruckstuhl, Katharina

subjects: computer science

abstract: This paper presents a view of research and development absorptive capacity from a Māori perspective. The assessment is part of a case study of a longitudinal programme – Science for Technological Innovation: Kia kotahi mai – Te Ao Putaiao me te Ao Hanagarau that aims to increase Aotearoa New Zealand’s capacity to use sci-tech for economic benefit. The paper finds that while Aotearoa New Zealand’s macro policy and meso institutional levels have become more responsive to Māori research and development demands, at the micro level of the individual or the firm there are still constraints given the small numbers of Māori in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. In response to this, a novel model of Māori sci-tech capacity is under development that considers not only research and development technical capacities, but also the human and relational capacities required to accelerate absorptive capacity to respond to Māori social and economic aspirations.

text: Research and development absorptive capacity: a Māori perspective This paper presents a view of research and development absorptive capacity from a Māori perspective. The assessment is part of a case study of a longitudinal programme – Science for Technological Innovation: Kia kotahi mai – Te Ao Putaiao me te Ao Hanagarau that aims to increase Aotearoa New Zealand’s capacity to use sci-tech for economic benefit. The paper finds that while Aotearoa New Zealand’s macro policy and meso institutional levels have become more responsive to Māori research and development demands, at the micro level of the individual or the firm there are still constraints given the small numbers of Māori in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. In response to this, a novel model of Māori sci-tech capacity is under development that considers not only research and development technical capacities, but also the human and relational capacities required to accelerate absorptive capacity to respond to Māori social and economic aspirations.

year: 2019