title: The differential response of kelp to swell and infragravity wave motion

authors: Mullarney, Julia C.

abstract: We present field measurements of the movement of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera under wave forcing. We resolve the depth and frequency-dependent responses along the stipe and find different and counterintuitive patterns of response at the infragravity and swell wave forcing frequencies. At swell frequencies, tilting of the stipe is largest toward the holdfast, whereas at infragravity frequencies, the stipe tilting is largest closer to the water surface. It is postulated that the stretching of blades and subsequent pull on the stipe is, in part, responsible for these patterns. This conclusion is supported by results of manipulative experiments, which show a more along-stipe uniform response after removal of blades from the kelp. The length of the kelp also exerts a strong control on the relative magnitudes of movements in the different frequency bands, with the swell band becoming more important relative to the infragravity band for shorter length kelp. These results indicate that kelp will differentially dissipate energy over both frequencies and varying depths within the water column. The variety of movement responses over differing wave forcing frequencies may also imply that there exist differing rates of breakage for kelp exposed to hydrodynamics stressors of multiple frequencies.

text: The differential response of kelp to swell and infragravity wave motion We present field measurements of the movement of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera under wave forcing. We resolve the depth and frequency-dependent responses along the stipe and find different and counterintuitive patterns of response at the infragravity and swell wave forcing frequencies. At swell frequencies, tilting of the stipe is largest toward the holdfast, whereas at infragravity frequencies, the stipe tilting is largest closer to the water surface. It is postulated that the stretching of blades and subsequent pull on the stipe is, in part, responsible for these patterns. This conclusion is supported by results of manipulative experiments, which show a more along-stipe uniform response after removal of blades from the kelp. The length of the kelp also exerts a strong control on the relative magnitudes of movements in the different frequency bands, with the swell band becoming more important relative to the infragravity band for shorter length kelp. These results indicate that kelp will differentially dissipate energy over both frequencies and varying depths within the water column. The variety of movement responses over differing wave forcing frequencies may also imply that there exist differing rates of breakage for kelp exposed to hydrodynamics stressors of multiple frequencies.

year: 2017

title: Recurrent concept drifts on data streams

authors: Gunasekara, N

subjects: computer science

abstract: In an era where machine learning permeates every facet of human existence, and data evolves incessantly, the application of machine learning models transcends mere data processing. It involves navigating constant changes exemplified by the phenomenon of concept drift, which often affects model performance. These drifts can be recurrent due to the cyclic nature of the underlying data generation processes, which could be influenced by recurrent phenomena such as weather and time of the day. Stream Learning on data streams with recurrent concept drifts attempts to learn from such streams of data. The survey underscores the significance of the field and its practical applications, delving into nuanced definitions of machine learning for data streams afflicted by recurrent concept drifts. It explores diverse methodological approaches, elucidating their key design components. Additionally, it examines various evaluation techniques, benchmark datasets, and available software tailored for simulating and analysing data streams with recurrent concept drifts. Concluding, the survey offers insights into potential avenues for future research in the field.

text: Recurrent concept drifts on data streams In an era where machine learning permeates every facet of human existence, and data evolves incessantly, the application of machine learning models transcends mere data processing. It involves navigating constant changes exemplified by the phenomenon of concept drift, which often affects model performance. These drifts can be recurrent due to the cyclic nature of the underlying data generation processes, which could be influenced by recurrent phenomena such as weather and time of the day. Stream Learning on data streams with recurrent concept drifts attempts to learn from such streams of data. The survey underscores the significance of the field and its practical applications, delving into nuanced definitions of machine learning for data streams afflicted by recurrent concept drifts. It explores diverse methodological approaches, elucidating their key design components. Additionally, it examines various evaluation techniques, benchmark datasets, and available software tailored for simulating and analysing data streams with recurrent concept drifts. Concluding, the survey offers insights into potential avenues for future research in the field.

year: 2024

title: Whakaoranga taiao, whakaoranga tangata: The restorative, healing, and decolonising potential of environmental restoration

authors: Moore, Robert

abstract: This thesis explores the ways in which Māori who are involved in environmental restoration are able to use their experiences to reconnect with Te Ao Māori. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three Māori who have been involved in environmental restoration in and around Kirikiriroa. These research participants were also able to speak to what they have observed in other restoration projects at their respective marae and comment broadly about this work as it is taking place across Aotearoa. It became clear through this research that the impacts of history and colonisation are still felt heavily by Māori in the environmental space today. For Māori involved in environmental restoration, this is a place where they are able to learn and share knowledge and reconnect with their Māoritanga. Environmental restoration can help restore wairua relationships with the whenua and strengthen Maori wellbeing through strengthening relationships with the whenua. Engaging in environmental restoration supports decolonisation as, for the aforementioned outcomes of doing so, being in these spaces supports the affirmation of an Indigenous identity.

text: Whakaoranga taiao, whakaoranga tangata: The restorative, healing, and decolonising potential of environmental restoration This thesis explores the ways in which Māori who are involved in environmental restoration are able to use their experiences to reconnect with Te Ao Māori. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three Māori who have been involved in environmental restoration in and around Kirikiriroa. These research participants were also able to speak to what they have observed in other restoration projects at their respective marae and comment broadly about this work as it is taking place across Aotearoa. It became clear through this research that the impacts of history and colonisation are still felt heavily by Māori in the environmental space today. For Māori involved in environmental restoration, this is a place where they are able to learn and share knowledge and reconnect with their Māoritanga. Environmental restoration can help restore wairua relationships with the whenua and strengthen Maori wellbeing through strengthening relationships with the whenua. Engaging in environmental restoration supports decolonisation as, for the aforementioned outcomes of doing so, being in these spaces supports the affirmation of an Indigenous identity.

year: 2022