title: Understanding the specificity and complexity of  inter-firm knowledge flows in alliance networks

authors: Ding, Qiang

subjects: inter-firm knowledge transfer

abstract: Research on inter-firm knowledge transfer is burgeoning, yet our understanding of its specificity and complexity in the context of alliance networks remains rather unclear. The main purpose of this paper is to examine how knowledge-specific characteristics, such as a partner’s knowledge base, learning intent, absorptive capacity, knowledge protectiveness, and cultural distance each impact differently on knowledge transfer performance in alliances. This paper suggests that, although the emergence of alliances provides an ideal platform for acquiring knowledge resources, certain challenges are still embedded in inter-firm knowledge transfer process. We also suggest that certain moderating relationship factors (including intensive interaction, inter-partner trust relationship and cognitive shared understanding) may help us understand knowledge transfer in cross-cultural alliance settings. By aggregating and consolidating existing research, our study identifies promising avenues for future research.

text: Understanding the specificity and complexity of  inter-firm knowledge flows in alliance networks Research on inter-firm knowledge transfer is burgeoning, yet our understanding of its specificity and complexity in the context of alliance networks remains rather unclear. The main purpose of this paper is to examine how knowledge-specific characteristics, such as a partner’s knowledge base, learning intent, absorptive capacity, knowledge protectiveness, and cultural distance each impact differently on knowledge transfer performance in alliances. This paper suggests that, although the emergence of alliances provides an ideal platform for acquiring knowledge resources, certain challenges are still embedded in inter-firm knowledge transfer process. We also suggest that certain moderating relationship factors (including intensive interaction, inter-partner trust relationship and cognitive shared understanding) may help us understand knowledge transfer in cross-cultural alliance settings. By aggregating and consolidating existing research, our study identifies promising avenues for future research.

year: 2009

title: Legal positivism in the pre-constitutional era of late nineteenth-century Iran

authors: Bigdeli, Sadeq Z.

abstract: The Iranian constitutional movement (1906–1911) occurred at a time when revolution was in the air in a number of peripheral nations. In that period of the early twentieth century, a series of uprisings occurred in the third world countries including the Indian nationalist movement of 1905– 1908 against the British, the Maji Maji uprising in Tanganyika in 1905–1907 against German rule, the Bambata (Zulu) Rebellion of 1906 in South Africa against the British, the Young Turks Revolution of 1908, the Mexican Revolution of 1910 and the Chinese Revolution of 1911–1912. While the essence of the Indian and African movements was anti-colonial, pro-democracy ideas were dominant in the latter three (Ottoman Empire, Mexico and China) alongside the Russian (1905), Iranian (1906) and the Portuguese (1910) movements/revolutions. A satirical Iranian journal (Journal of Despotism) at the time remarkably referred to these democratic movements around the world as “siblings”.

text: Legal positivism in the pre-constitutional era of late nineteenth-century Iran The Iranian constitutional movement (1906–1911) occurred at a time when revolution was in the air in a number of peripheral nations. In that period of the early twentieth century, a series of uprisings occurred in the third world countries including the Indian nationalist movement of 1905– 1908 against the British, the Maji Maji uprising in Tanganyika in 1905–1907 against German rule, the Bambata (Zulu) Rebellion of 1906 in South Africa against the British, the Young Turks Revolution of 1908, the Mexican Revolution of 1910 and the Chinese Revolution of 1911–1912. While the essence of the Indian and African movements was anti-colonial, pro-democracy ideas were dominant in the latter three (Ottoman Empire, Mexico and China) alongside the Russian (1905), Iranian (1906) and the Portuguese (1910) movements/revolutions. A satirical Iranian journal (Journal of Despotism) at the time remarkably referred to these democratic movements around the world as “siblings”.

year: 2011

title: Sustainable management, a sustainable ethic?

authors: Daya-Winterbottom, Trevor

abstract: New Zealand legislated for sustainability by enacting the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA). The RMA received the Royal Assent on 22 July 1991 and came into force as law on 1 October 1991. It restated and reformed “the law relating to the use of land, air, and water”, and is the principal statute governing the New Zealand environment. 
Despite the rhetoric of sustainable management, environmental law and governance in New Zealand continue to grapple with persistent challenges in relation to protecting biodiversity on private land, maintaining freshwater quantity and quality, and recognising Maori interests in resource management. New strategies are however emerging for promoting environmental justice and using the law to advance sustainability. My paper will therefore explore these aspects of the New Zealand experiment in legislating for sustainable management.

text: Sustainable management, a sustainable ethic? New Zealand legislated for sustainability by enacting the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA). The RMA received the Royal Assent on 22 July 1991 and came into force as law on 1 October 1991. It restated and reformed “the law relating to the use of land, air, and water”, and is the principal statute governing the New Zealand environment. 
Despite the rhetoric of sustainable management, environmental law and governance in New Zealand continue to grapple with persistent challenges in relation to protecting biodiversity on private land, maintaining freshwater quantity and quality, and recognising Maori interests in resource management. New strategies are however emerging for promoting environmental justice and using the law to advance sustainability. My paper will therefore explore these aspects of the New Zealand experiment in legislating for sustainable management.

year: 2012