title: Forgotten or never consciously processed? A comparison of immediate and delayed recall of driving details

authors: Richards, Devin S.

abstract: After driving a familiar route, people often have a poor memory of the drive. To investigate how quickly people forget information from an everyday drive we asked participants (n = 38) to take a 20-min simulated drive on familiar local roads and after a delay, answer questions about what happened and what they saw at four locations. We questioned drivers either immediately (<1 s), 20 s or 45 s after driving through each location, or at the end of the drive. Recall accuracy remained high when drivers were questioned immediately and at delays of 20 s and 45 s, but was significantly poorer when drivers were questioned at the end of the drive. Recall accuracy for stopping at a location did not decrease regardless of delay. The results add to our knowledge about the role of attention and memory for highly practised and largely automatic skills, such as everyday driving.

text: Forgotten or never consciously processed? A comparison of immediate and delayed recall of driving details After driving a familiar route, people often have a poor memory of the drive. To investigate how quickly people forget information from an everyday drive we asked participants (n = 38) to take a 20-min simulated drive on familiar local roads and after a delay, answer questions about what happened and what they saw at four locations. We questioned drivers either immediately (<1 s), 20 s or 45 s after driving through each location, or at the end of the drive. Recall accuracy remained high when drivers were questioned immediately and at delays of 20 s and 45 s, but was significantly poorer when drivers were questioned at the end of the drive. Recall accuracy for stopping at a location did not decrease regardless of delay. The results add to our knowledge about the role of attention and memory for highly practised and largely automatic skills, such as everyday driving.

year: 2020

title: Clustering mixed data

authors: Hunt, Lynette Anne

subjects: mixture model clustering

abstract: Mixture model clustering proceeds by fitting a finite mixture of multivariate distributions to data, the fitted mixture density then being used to allocate the data to one of the components. Common model formulations assume that either all the attributes are continuous or all the attributes are categorical. In this paper, we consider options for model formulation in the more practical case of mixed data: multivariate data sets that contain both continuous and categorical attributes.

text: Clustering mixed data Mixture model clustering proceeds by fitting a finite mixture of multivariate distributions to data, the fitted mixture density then being used to allocate the data to one of the components. Common model formulations assume that either all the attributes are continuous or all the attributes are categorical. In this paper, we consider options for model formulation in the more practical case of mixed data: multivariate data sets that contain both continuous and categorical attributes.

year: 2011

title: Kaupapa Maori research: An indigenous approach to creating knowledge

authors: Bishop, Russell

subjects: Maori

abstract: This paper seeks to identify how issues of epistemological racism are addressed in practice
within an indigenous Kaupapa (philosophy) Maori approach to research, and how such
considerations may impact on the Western trained and positioned researcher. One fundamental
understanding to a Kaupapa Maori approach to research is that it is the discursive practice
that is Kaupapa Maori that positions researchers in such a way as to operationalise selfdetermination
(agentic positioning and behaviour) for research participants. This is because the
cultural aspirations, understandings and practices of Maori people implement and organise the
research process. Further, the research issues of power; initiation, benefits, representation,
legitimation, and accountability are addressed and understood in practice by practitioners of
Kaupapa Maori research through the development of a participatory mode of consciousness.

text: Kaupapa Maori research: An indigenous approach to creating knowledge This paper seeks to identify how issues of epistemological racism are addressed in practice
within an indigenous Kaupapa (philosophy) Maori approach to research, and how such
considerations may impact on the Western trained and positioned researcher. One fundamental
understanding to a Kaupapa Maori approach to research is that it is the discursive practice
that is Kaupapa Maori that positions researchers in such a way as to operationalise selfdetermination
(agentic positioning and behaviour) for research participants. This is because the
cultural aspirations, understandings and practices of Maori people implement and organise the
research process. Further, the research issues of power; initiation, benefits, representation,
legitimation, and accountability are addressed and understood in practice by practitioners of
Kaupapa Maori research through the development of a participatory mode of consciousness.

year: 1999