title: How do road runners select their shoes? A systematic review

authors: Fife, Andrew

subjects: footwear

abstract: Running shoes are often considered essential to participate in running. Runners may look for recommendations from friends, specialty running stores, and healthcare professionals when selecting shoes. Despite the existence of shoe prescription guidelines, these recommendations are often not evidence-based or designed with runners’ preferences in mind. This review aims to synthesize original research that identifies how road runners select running shoes. Following PROSPERO registration (CRD42021242523), the PubMed®, Scopus®, Web of Science®, and SPORTDiscus™ electronic databases were systematically searched in March 2021, and monitored until 1 February 2022. Original research that identified factors influencing running shoe selection in road runners published in English were included. Data were qualitatively synthesized. Seven studies representing 1947 road runners were included, and conducted either online, in laboratories, or via interview. Forty influencing factors were identified and thematically sub-grouped into five categories: subjective, shoe-specific characteristics, market features, peer evaluation, and runner characteristics. Comfort, cushioning, fit, and price were cited most frequently as influential factors in road runners’ footwear selection. Most of the studies reviewed were not specifically designed to address the research question of this review. Lack of consistent definitions and varying research methods are found across studies. There is limited research targeting the factors that influence running shoe selection. Comfort and cushioning appear to be the most important factors in shoe selection, although the relationship between both variables may confound their individual importance. Runners also consider fit, price, and several other factors when selecting shoes. Shoe choice remains relatively unexplored, with no running shoe selection study conducted in store.

text: How do road runners select their shoes? A systematic review Running shoes are often considered essential to participate in running. Runners may look for recommendations from friends, specialty running stores, and healthcare professionals when selecting shoes. Despite the existence of shoe prescription guidelines, these recommendations are often not evidence-based or designed with runners’ preferences in mind. This review aims to synthesize original research that identifies how road runners select running shoes. Following PROSPERO registration (CRD42021242523), the PubMed®, Scopus®, Web of Science®, and SPORTDiscus™ electronic databases were systematically searched in March 2021, and monitored until 1 February 2022. Original research that identified factors influencing running shoe selection in road runners published in English were included. Data were qualitatively synthesized. Seven studies representing 1947 road runners were included, and conducted either online, in laboratories, or via interview. Forty influencing factors were identified and thematically sub-grouped into five categories: subjective, shoe-specific characteristics, market features, peer evaluation, and runner characteristics. Comfort, cushioning, fit, and price were cited most frequently as influential factors in road runners’ footwear selection. Most of the studies reviewed were not specifically designed to address the research question of this review. Lack of consistent definitions and varying research methods are found across studies. There is limited research targeting the factors that influence running shoe selection. Comfort and cushioning appear to be the most important factors in shoe selection, although the relationship between both variables may confound their individual importance. Runners also consider fit, price, and several other factors when selecting shoes. Shoe choice remains relatively unexplored, with no running shoe selection study conducted in store.

year: 2023

title: Flight of fantasy: Writing a full proof “code” for ethics

authors: Botes, Vida

subjects: code of ethics

abstract: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to portray the Code of Ethics in digital format, by using a markup language like C-# to formulate code. Digitally executed, this should reduce in the audit expectation gap.
Design/methodology/approach - Using wordplay the design consists of the technical formulation of a piece of hybrid code written in the language C-# but sourced from the Code of Ethics.
Findings - The programmer constructs the Revised Code of Ethics released by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) in July 2009, in "code", to ensure that it is free from errors.
Originality/value - This paper, utilizing wordplay, represents a unique attempt to write the Code of Ethics in such a way that if executed by a computer it would be infallible to human judgement error, hence reducing the expectation gap of auditing and assertions.

text: Flight of fantasy: Writing a full proof “code” for ethics Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to portray the Code of Ethics in digital format, by using a markup language like C-# to formulate code. Digitally executed, this should reduce in the audit expectation gap.
Design/methodology/approach - Using wordplay the design consists of the technical formulation of a piece of hybrid code written in the language C-# but sourced from the Code of Ethics.
Findings - The programmer constructs the Revised Code of Ethics released by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) in July 2009, in "code", to ensure that it is free from errors.
Originality/value - This paper, utilizing wordplay, represents a unique attempt to write the Code of Ethics in such a way that if executed by a computer it would be infallible to human judgement error, hence reducing the expectation gap of auditing and assertions.

year: 2012

title: An indigenous model of career satisfaction: Exploring the role of workplace cultural wellbeing

authors: Haar, Jarrod M.

subjects: career satisfaction

abstract: Despite career satisfaction models being well established, little is understood about the career satisfaction of indigenous employees. Using a sample of 172 Maori employees, the indigenous people of New Zealand, we tested a career satisfaction model with a cultural wellbeing factor over and above established factors of human capital, sociodemographic, individual differences and organizational sponsorship. This new measure workplace cultural wellbeing was found to significantly relate to career satisfaction, accounting for twenty-three percent of the variance over and above the established factors which highlights its importance for indigenous workers. Furthermore, due to collectivistic orientations amongst Maori, collectivism was tested as a potential moderator and found to significantly interact with workplace cultural wellbeing, showing that Maori respondents reported the greatest career satisfaction when workplace cultural wellbeing was high, irrespective of collectivism orientation. This paper offers an extended model for exploring career satisfaction of indigenous workers.

text: An indigenous model of career satisfaction: Exploring the role of workplace cultural wellbeing Despite career satisfaction models being well established, little is understood about the career satisfaction of indigenous employees. Using a sample of 172 Maori employees, the indigenous people of New Zealand, we tested a career satisfaction model with a cultural wellbeing factor over and above established factors of human capital, sociodemographic, individual differences and organizational sponsorship. This new measure workplace cultural wellbeing was found to significantly relate to career satisfaction, accounting for twenty-three percent of the variance over and above the established factors which highlights its importance for indigenous workers. Furthermore, due to collectivistic orientations amongst Maori, collectivism was tested as a potential moderator and found to significantly interact with workplace cultural wellbeing, showing that Maori respondents reported the greatest career satisfaction when workplace cultural wellbeing was high, irrespective of collectivism orientation. This paper offers an extended model for exploring career satisfaction of indigenous workers.

year: 2013