title: The Characteristics of New Zealand Oolong Tea

authors: Zhang, Bin

subjects: EGCG Catechins

abstract: Tea is a beverage made from steeping dried leaves in hot water. Worldwide, more than 10,000 different teas are made from different varietals of Camellia sinensis.Tea is a relatively new tea crop to New Zealand and they do grow well in New Zealand conditions. Research to date in New Zealand indicated is present some unique features compared to tea will wide. The main unique problem with New Zealand Oolong tea is the character of special colour and flavour and different process of manufacture. No systematic trials of the EGCG content had been performed on New Zealand Oolong tea and therefore this research investigated the characteristics of New Zealand Oolong tea processing and use HPLC to determine the content of EGCG in fresh tea leaves of New Zealand Oolong tea.

This study used HPLC to determine EGCG the content of leaves used to make New Zealand Oolong tea. In the fresh tea leaves that have not been through the indoor wilting stage, the content of EGCG is 124mg/g. In finished tea the content of EGCG is 112mg/g. That is significantly higher than other teas such as Pu-erh, Fujian Oolong tea, DaHongPao Black tea. 

The results indicated that the early stages of the current tea manufacturing process are critical for controlling the EGCG content and extend of EGCG oxidation in the finished product.

text: The Characteristics of New Zealand Oolong Tea Tea is a beverage made from steeping dried leaves in hot water. Worldwide, more than 10,000 different teas are made from different varietals of Camellia sinensis.Tea is a relatively new tea crop to New Zealand and they do grow well in New Zealand conditions. Research to date in New Zealand indicated is present some unique features compared to tea will wide. The main unique problem with New Zealand Oolong tea is the character of special colour and flavour and different process of manufacture. No systematic trials of the EGCG content had been performed on New Zealand Oolong tea and therefore this research investigated the characteristics of New Zealand Oolong tea processing and use HPLC to determine the content of EGCG in fresh tea leaves of New Zealand Oolong tea.

This study used HPLC to determine EGCG the content of leaves used to make New Zealand Oolong tea. In the fresh tea leaves that have not been through the indoor wilting stage, the content of EGCG is 124mg/g. In finished tea the content of EGCG is 112mg/g. That is significantly higher than other teas such as Pu-erh, Fujian Oolong tea, DaHongPao Black tea. 

The results indicated that the early stages of the current tea manufacturing process are critical for controlling the EGCG content and extend of EGCG oxidation in the finished product.

year: 2012

title: Understanding Socio-Cultural and Organisational Constraints on Women's Leadership: A Case Study in Indonesian Higher Education

authors: Amalo, Elizabeth Anggraeni

subjects: Women's leadership

abstract: In Indonesia, especially in Java, in a range of time, the numbers of women occupying senior leadership positions in state higher institutions are low. My experiences working in such institutions supported this phenomenon. This caused my curiosity to find out why female lecturers did not occupy higher leadership positions. I also wanted to know about the nature of the institution operating towards this situation. I assumed that there were barriers from Javanese culture and from their workplaces. In order to find out whether my assumptions were the case, I conducted case study research in an engineering higher education institution in Indonesia to find out why this situation existed, given that one of the articles in the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia states that every citizen has the rights to work and earn money.
Data from this case study research were collected through interviewing sixteen   senior teaching staff comprised 12 female lecturers, 6 of them were in the lower level of leadership positions, and four men in senior managerial positions. Data were also obtained through accessible documents of the institution, and also from direct observations. 
The key findings revealed that the involvement and interactions of the research participants in their social fields, at macro, meso, and micro levels, influenced the way the participants made decisions and acted towards each level. Especially, it showed how habitus played out in their lives, affecting their thoughts, behaviour and actions, and leading to their perceptions and beliefs about who could be senior leaders in this institution. It revealed that there were tensions and contradictions the women participants experienced due to the expectations from each level of social field. In the meso level of social field, that is their workplace, the tensions and contradictions amplified.

text: Understanding Socio-Cultural and Organisational Constraints on Women's Leadership: A Case Study in Indonesian Higher Education In Indonesia, especially in Java, in a range of time, the numbers of women occupying senior leadership positions in state higher institutions are low. My experiences working in such institutions supported this phenomenon. This caused my curiosity to find out why female lecturers did not occupy higher leadership positions. I also wanted to know about the nature of the institution operating towards this situation. I assumed that there were barriers from Javanese culture and from their workplaces. In order to find out whether my assumptions were the case, I conducted case study research in an engineering higher education institution in Indonesia to find out why this situation existed, given that one of the articles in the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia states that every citizen has the rights to work and earn money.
Data from this case study research were collected through interviewing sixteen   senior teaching staff comprised 12 female lecturers, 6 of them were in the lower level of leadership positions, and four men in senior managerial positions. Data were also obtained through accessible documents of the institution, and also from direct observations. 
The key findings revealed that the involvement and interactions of the research participants in their social fields, at macro, meso, and micro levels, influenced the way the participants made decisions and acted towards each level. Especially, it showed how habitus played out in their lives, affecting their thoughts, behaviour and actions, and leading to their perceptions and beliefs about who could be senior leaders in this institution. It revealed that there were tensions and contradictions the women participants experienced due to the expectations from each level of social field. In the meso level of social field, that is their workplace, the tensions and contradictions amplified.

year: 2014

title: Kāinga tahi, kāinga rua: A kaupapa Māori response of Te Puea Memorial Marae.

authors: Lee-Morgan, Jenny Bol Jun

abstract: In the winter of 2016, Te Puea Memorial Marae (TPMM) initiated a kaupapa Māori marae-led response, opening their doors to vulnerable whānau seeking emergency housing. Following in the legacy of Te Puea Herangi,¹ the marae answered the call of homeless whānau in Auckland and in doing so disrupted the dominant Auckland housing narrative where the government had until that time refused to acknowledge homelessness as a serious issue. In the full view of the media, TPMM not only made the reality of homelessness visible by caring for 181 people (of all ethnicities and cultural backgrounds), but named the housing situation in Auckland as a ‘crisis’. ²

text: Kāinga tahi, kāinga rua: A kaupapa Māori response of Te Puea Memorial Marae. In the winter of 2016, Te Puea Memorial Marae (TPMM) initiated a kaupapa Māori marae-led response, opening their doors to vulnerable whānau seeking emergency housing. Following in the legacy of Te Puea Herangi,¹ the marae answered the call of homeless whānau in Auckland and in doing so disrupted the dominant Auckland housing narrative where the government had until that time refused to acknowledge homelessness as a serious issue. In the full view of the media, TPMM not only made the reality of homelessness visible by caring for 181 people (of all ethnicities and cultural backgrounds), but named the housing situation in Auckland as a ‘crisis’. ²

year: 2017