title: Regional exhumation history of brittle crust during subduction initiation, Fiordland, southwest New Zealand, and implications for thermochronologic sampling and analysis strategies

authors: Sutherland, Rupert

subjects: transform plate boundary

abstract: We analyze spatial trends and statistical properties of 410 apatite and zircon fission track and (U-Th)/He ages, and implement a weighted least-squares regression scheme to obtain the regional rock uplift history associated with subduction initiation beneath Fiordland, New Zealand. We observe the onset of rapid exhumation at 25–15 Ma in southwest Fiordland, immediately following a time of significant change in regional plate motions. During the period 15–5 Ma, the locus of rapid exhumation broadened and migrated toward the northeast at ~30% of the plate motion rate, but exhumation remained localized along the northwest margin. Since 5 Ma, the zone of rapid exhumation has become broader, and the present high-amplitude gravity and topographic anomalies are spatially associated with the most tightly folded part of the subducted slab. We suggest that the pattern of exhumation tracks the along-strike and downdip development of the subducted slab, which requires tectonic erosion of mantle lithosphere of the overriding plate. Based upon local patterns of age variability, we hypothesize that brittle faults have displaced and rotated equal-cooling-age surfaces, and that there is short-wavelength (<10 km) spatial correlation between faults and topographic features. Our regression method allows us to simultaneously consider implications of all age data, evaluate “geological noise” introduced by brittle faults, and make cooling age predictions at any point in the region. The residuals from our regression indicate that, on average, mountain tops in Fiordland have undergone slightly greater rock uplift than adjacent valleys, even though our data are too sparse to identify specific faults. We suggest that sampling programs in active tectonic settings such as Fiordland must be sufficiently dense to determine both mean exhumation history and regional geological variability associated with faults.

text: Regional exhumation history of brittle crust during subduction initiation, Fiordland, southwest New Zealand, and implications for thermochronologic sampling and analysis strategies We analyze spatial trends and statistical properties of 410 apatite and zircon fission track and (U-Th)/He ages, and implement a weighted least-squares regression scheme to obtain the regional rock uplift history associated with subduction initiation beneath Fiordland, New Zealand. We observe the onset of rapid exhumation at 25–15 Ma in southwest Fiordland, immediately following a time of significant change in regional plate motions. During the period 15–5 Ma, the locus of rapid exhumation broadened and migrated toward the northeast at ~30% of the plate motion rate, but exhumation remained localized along the northwest margin. Since 5 Ma, the zone of rapid exhumation has become broader, and the present high-amplitude gravity and topographic anomalies are spatially associated with the most tightly folded part of the subducted slab. We suggest that the pattern of exhumation tracks the along-strike and downdip development of the subducted slab, which requires tectonic erosion of mantle lithosphere of the overriding plate. Based upon local patterns of age variability, we hypothesize that brittle faults have displaced and rotated equal-cooling-age surfaces, and that there is short-wavelength (<10 km) spatial correlation between faults and topographic features. Our regression method allows us to simultaneously consider implications of all age data, evaluate “geological noise” introduced by brittle faults, and make cooling age predictions at any point in the region. The residuals from our regression indicate that, on average, mountain tops in Fiordland have undergone slightly greater rock uplift than adjacent valleys, even though our data are too sparse to identify specific faults. We suggest that sampling programs in active tectonic settings such as Fiordland must be sufficiently dense to determine both mean exhumation history and regional geological variability associated with faults.

year: 2009

title: A Scale to measure motivation and behaviour in psychological experiments

authors: Flay, Brian Richard

abstract: The aim in this study was to develop and validate a set of scales to measure subject motivation and behaviour in psychological experiments. This was achieved by factor analysing the responses by 140 subjects to 60 statements concerning the feelings aroused and the behaviour adopted when a subject in a psychological experiment, and attitudes towards psychology, psychological research, science, and scientific method. Seven factors were obtained: 
I Attitudes towards psychology and psychological research 
II Evaluation apprehension 
III The good-negativistic subject role 
IV Volunteering 
V The faithful subject role 
VI Awareness of deception and 
VII Attitudes towards science and scientific method. 
The validity of each factor was studied by considering its relationship with other psychological variables and the other factors, using a sample of 96 psychology students. Reliability estimates were also obtained from test-retest scores for 31 subjects, as well as from item-total correlations. 
The limitations and usefulness of the scale are discussed, and suggestions for further research are made.

text: A Scale to measure motivation and behaviour in psychological experiments The aim in this study was to develop and validate a set of scales to measure subject motivation and behaviour in psychological experiments. This was achieved by factor analysing the responses by 140 subjects to 60 statements concerning the feelings aroused and the behaviour adopted when a subject in a psychological experiment, and attitudes towards psychology, psychological research, science, and scientific method. Seven factors were obtained: 
I Attitudes towards psychology and psychological research 
II Evaluation apprehension 
III The good-negativistic subject role 
IV Volunteering 
V The faithful subject role 
VI Awareness of deception and 
VII Attitudes towards science and scientific method. 
The validity of each factor was studied by considering its relationship with other psychological variables and the other factors, using a sample of 96 psychology students. Reliability estimates were also obtained from test-retest scores for 31 subjects, as well as from item-total correlations. 
The limitations and usefulness of the scale are discussed, and suggestions for further research are made.

year: 1972

title: Gendered geographies of resistance, resilience and reworking in Aotearoa feminist geography scholarship

authors: Adams-Hutcheson, Gail

abstract: Aotearoa New Zealand feminist geographies involve alliances of connected and vibrant researchers who pay close attention to the politics of knowledge production, power, intersectionality and decolonisation. Safe spaces to speak and write together have been nurtured over time ‘down under’ due to a collective politics of care and mentoring. This special issue demonstrates the strength of collective thinking on resistance, resilience and reworking contemporary geographical practice in Aotearoa. The four empirically based and theoretically informed articles develop new thinking about resistance to colonialism, patriarchy, racism, metricisation and oppression. These critical articles contribute to feminist geographical knowledges both locally and globally.

text: Gendered geographies of resistance, resilience and reworking in Aotearoa feminist geography scholarship Aotearoa New Zealand feminist geographies involve alliances of connected and vibrant researchers who pay close attention to the politics of knowledge production, power, intersectionality and decolonisation. Safe spaces to speak and write together have been nurtured over time ‘down under’ due to a collective politics of care and mentoring. This special issue demonstrates the strength of collective thinking on resistance, resilience and reworking contemporary geographical practice in Aotearoa. The four empirically based and theoretically informed articles develop new thinking about resistance to colonialism, patriarchy, racism, metricisation and oppression. These critical articles contribute to feminist geographical knowledges both locally and globally.

year: 2022-11-22