title: High-risk Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: An Examination of Abuse Characteristics, Psychosocial Vulnerabilities and Reported Revictimization

authors: Tomkins, Jordan

abstract: Purpose: To support service provision, we sought to advance the existing evidence base about the characteristics of—and potential predictors of reported revictimization for—women identified as being at high risk of experiencing ongoing intimate partner violence (IPV).
Method: Our sample included 165 high-risk IPV cases with a female victim and a male aggressor managed by the Integrated Safety Response in New Zealand. Based on police and multi-agency risk assessment information, we (a) described the characteristics of these cases, focusing on victims’ abuse experiences and psychosocial vulnerabilities; (b) examined rates of reported recurrence and physical recurrence; and (c) explored which variables predicted these two outcomes across a 12-month follow up, using the Nested Ecological Model as an organizing framework.
Results:In addition to experiencing harmful patterns of IPV, victims had relatively high rates of mental health issues, drug use, housing instability and unemployment. Reported revictimization was common: 62.8% of cases involved (at least one) recurrence, and 35.8% of cases involved physical recurrence. Most variables did not predict either outcome; but two variables predicted decreased rates of recurrence and physical recurrence: prior strangulation and a victim’s initial engagement with IPV interventions.
Conclusions: As predicted, reported revictimization rates were high. Victims also experienced other psychosocial vulnerabilities, confirming their need for wide-ranging support. However, this study raises questions about whether these needs are relevant to predicting reported revictimization within high-risk cohorts, and highlights the difficulties of empirically validating treatment targets that could minimize further IPV harm for this group.

text: High-risk Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: An Examination of Abuse Characteristics, Psychosocial Vulnerabilities and Reported Revictimization Purpose: To support service provision, we sought to advance the existing evidence base about the characteristics of—and potential predictors of reported revictimization for—women identified as being at high risk of experiencing ongoing intimate partner violence (IPV).
Method: Our sample included 165 high-risk IPV cases with a female victim and a male aggressor managed by the Integrated Safety Response in New Zealand. Based on police and multi-agency risk assessment information, we (a) described the characteristics of these cases, focusing on victims’ abuse experiences and psychosocial vulnerabilities; (b) examined rates of reported recurrence and physical recurrence; and (c) explored which variables predicted these two outcomes across a 12-month follow up, using the Nested Ecological Model as an organizing framework.
Results:In addition to experiencing harmful patterns of IPV, victims had relatively high rates of mental health issues, drug use, housing instability and unemployment. Reported revictimization was common: 62.8% of cases involved (at least one) recurrence, and 35.8% of cases involved physical recurrence. Most variables did not predict either outcome; but two variables predicted decreased rates of recurrence and physical recurrence: prior strangulation and a victim’s initial engagement with IPV interventions.
Conclusions: As predicted, reported revictimization rates were high. Victims also experienced other psychosocial vulnerabilities, confirming their need for wide-ranging support. However, this study raises questions about whether these needs are relevant to predicting reported revictimization within high-risk cohorts, and highlights the difficulties of empirically validating treatment targets that could minimize further IPV harm for this group.

year: 2023-10-31

title: Personalising Learning: Principals' Perspectives

authors: Hargreaves, Patrick John

subjects: personalising learning

abstract: This research project explores the perspectives of four New Zealand secondary school principals in regard to the concept of personalised learning. Using semi-structured interviews, their opinions were sought around three main questions; firstly, how do they conceptualise personalised learning? Secondly, how is personalised learning enacted within their schools currently and lastly, how do they intend leading transformational changes for the future? The findings suggest that personalised learning is comprised of three essential principles; partnerships, meta-cognition and student centricity. In practice it appears that personalised learning is occurring at the fringes of educational practice and has yet to be fully implemented within New Zealand secondary schools. The principals are clear that a transformational shift is currently occurring within education and that there are three main areas of leadership that they need to be consistently working at; Firstly, a collective vision is required, secondly a rigorous research base must underpin all decisions and thirdly, having both time and patience for change. In concluding, this research critiques current practices of personalised learning, suggests areas for improvement and puts forward an alternative organisational structure to support New Zealand secondary schools in personalising learning for students.

text: Personalising Learning: Principals' Perspectives This research project explores the perspectives of four New Zealand secondary school principals in regard to the concept of personalised learning. Using semi-structured interviews, their opinions were sought around three main questions; firstly, how do they conceptualise personalised learning? Secondly, how is personalised learning enacted within their schools currently and lastly, how do they intend leading transformational changes for the future? The findings suggest that personalised learning is comprised of three essential principles; partnerships, meta-cognition and student centricity. In practice it appears that personalised learning is occurring at the fringes of educational practice and has yet to be fully implemented within New Zealand secondary schools. The principals are clear that a transformational shift is currently occurring within education and that there are three main areas of leadership that they need to be consistently working at; Firstly, a collective vision is required, secondly a rigorous research base must underpin all decisions and thirdly, having both time and patience for change. In concluding, this research critiques current practices of personalised learning, suggests areas for improvement and puts forward an alternative organisational structure to support New Zealand secondary schools in personalising learning for students.

year: 2010

title: Co-constructions of gender and ethnicity in New Zealand television advertising

authors: Michelle, Carolyn

subjects: television advertising

abstract: This paper reports key findings from a content analysis of gender and ethnic depictions in a sample of 2,120 New Zealand prime-time television advertisements screened in 2006. The study explored the following questions: With what product categories are male and female White, Māori/Pasifika and Asian characters most commonly associated? What are the most common occupational roles of male and female White, Māori/Pasifika and Asian characters? The results reveal highly stereotypical depictions of women and men within each ethnic category. White men dominated advertisements for foodstuffs, telecommunications and financial/corporate/legal services and were over-represented as professionals/white collar workers, while White women were over-represented in advertisements for household products, personal products, and medical products and featured predominantly as homemakers. Māori/Pasifika men were over-represented as athletes and service and sales workers. Non-White women featured prominently within multi-ethnic groups in advertisements for personal grooming products and most frequently featured as glamour models, while non-White men were over-represented as blue collar workers. Largely absent were Māori/Pasifika women and Asians of both genders, potentially exacerbating the multiple axes of subordination encountered by these groups in the New Zealand context.

text: Co-constructions of gender and ethnicity in New Zealand television advertising This paper reports key findings from a content analysis of gender and ethnic depictions in a sample of 2,120 New Zealand prime-time television advertisements screened in 2006. The study explored the following questions: With what product categories are male and female White, Māori/Pasifika and Asian characters most commonly associated? What are the most common occupational roles of male and female White, Māori/Pasifika and Asian characters? The results reveal highly stereotypical depictions of women and men within each ethnic category. White men dominated advertisements for foodstuffs, telecommunications and financial/corporate/legal services and were over-represented as professionals/white collar workers, while White women were over-represented in advertisements for household products, personal products, and medical products and featured predominantly as homemakers. Māori/Pasifika men were over-represented as athletes and service and sales workers. Non-White women featured prominently within multi-ethnic groups in advertisements for personal grooming products and most frequently featured as glamour models, while non-White men were over-represented as blue collar workers. Largely absent were Māori/Pasifika women and Asians of both genders, potentially exacerbating the multiple axes of subordination encountered by these groups in the New Zealand context.

year: 2011