title: Country institutional report: New Zealand

authors: Michelle, Carolyn

subjects: women’s studies

abstract: Waikato University pioneered the development of Women’s Studies as an academic discipline in New Zealand, with the first paper on this subject being offered in 1974. By 1982, a programme of papers was offered within five departments and the subject could be taken as a second supporting subject. A Centre for Women’s Studies was established in 1986, and, by 1988, was offering five taught core undergraduate papers and six electives, all of which could be taken towards a first or second support. A supporting BSocSci major in Women’s Studies became available in 1988, along with a Diploma in Women’s Studies. The full major became available in 1990. At this time, the major comprised a limited selection of core Women’s Studies papers complemented by a wider range of elective papers offered by other departments. This structure ensured that the programme had strong interdisciplinary, and in some cases inter-faculty linkages, along with wide support across the university through a network of elective teachers. These linkages appear to have facilitated strong growth in student numbers during the late 1980s and early 1990s.

text: Country institutional report: New Zealand Waikato University pioneered the development of Women’s Studies as an academic discipline in New Zealand, with the first paper on this subject being offered in 1974. By 1982, a programme of papers was offered within five departments and the subject could be taken as a second supporting subject. A Centre for Women’s Studies was established in 1986, and, by 1988, was offering five taught core undergraduate papers and six electives, all of which could be taken towards a first or second support. A supporting BSocSci major in Women’s Studies became available in 1988, along with a Diploma in Women’s Studies. The full major became available in 1990. At this time, the major comprised a limited selection of core Women’s Studies papers complemented by a wider range of elective papers offered by other departments. This structure ensured that the programme had strong interdisciplinary, and in some cases inter-faculty linkages, along with wide support across the university through a network of elective teachers. These linkages appear to have facilitated strong growth in student numbers during the late 1980s and early 1990s.

year: 2004

title: Microstructure development and properties of alumina–Ti aluminide interpenetrating composites

authors: Han, Ching Zen

subjects: pressureless sintering

abstract: Interpenetrating phase Al₂O₃–Ti₃Al composites have been fabricated by reaction sintering of 2 and 4-h discus milled composite powders containing Al and TiO₂ using controlled heat-treatment in non-oxidizing atmospheres. Pressureless sintering and hot pressing of the powders has been carried out under vacuum and argon at temperatures between 1278 °C and 1500 °C and a heating rate of 5 °C/min. Densification of the composites was investigated as a function of temperature. It was shown that lower porosity was obtained by hot pressing compared to pressureless sintering.

The microstructure development and mechanical properties of dense Al₂O₃–Ti₃Al composites fabricated by hot pressing of Al–TiO₂ powder blends were examined. Fully dense microstructures could be achieved by hot pressing at 1387 °C under vacuum. An increase of Vickers hardness was observed with increasing temperature, which can be attributed to the increase of density and the decrease in the level of porosity of the composites. The mechanical behaviour exhibited by the composites can be related to properties such as Al₂O₃ particle size and porosity level. Fracture toughness of 6.3 ± 0.8 MPa m1/2 and Vickers hardness of 13.6 ± 0.4 GPa were achieved for the fully dense composite produced by hot pressing discus milled powder.

text: Microstructure development and properties of alumina–Ti aluminide interpenetrating composites Interpenetrating phase Al₂O₃–Ti₃Al composites have been fabricated by reaction sintering of 2 and 4-h discus milled composite powders containing Al and TiO₂ using controlled heat-treatment in non-oxidizing atmospheres. Pressureless sintering and hot pressing of the powders has been carried out under vacuum and argon at temperatures between 1278 °C and 1500 °C and a heating rate of 5 °C/min. Densification of the composites was investigated as a function of temperature. It was shown that lower porosity was obtained by hot pressing compared to pressureless sintering.

The microstructure development and mechanical properties of dense Al₂O₃–Ti₃Al composites fabricated by hot pressing of Al–TiO₂ powder blends were examined. Fully dense microstructures could be achieved by hot pressing at 1387 °C under vacuum. An increase of Vickers hardness was observed with increasing temperature, which can be attributed to the increase of density and the decrease in the level of porosity of the composites. The mechanical behaviour exhibited by the composites can be related to properties such as Al₂O₃ particle size and porosity level. Fracture toughness of 6.3 ± 0.8 MPa m1/2 and Vickers hardness of 13.6 ± 0.4 GPa were achieved for the fully dense composite produced by hot pressing discus milled powder.

year: 2006

title: Unpacking media narratives: Racism and problematic reasonings

authors: Tan, Kyle K. H.

abstract: In this research brief, we present summaries of four case studies of racism in mainstream and social media in Aotearoa. Through a series of carefully selected datasets sourced from TV episodes (Police TEN 7), print media such as news articles (including Northland checkpoints), and tweets (Three Waters reform), we outline how Māori are represented across these mediums. With an expert in language modelling on our team, we analysed large datasets that give us sufficient statistical power to infer specific Māori discourses on respective platforms. Further, we examined key themes that characterise how Māori are represented in the media and signal the scale of anti-Māori attacks. For instance, we found that the predominant discussion on Three Waters reform on Twitter focused on ‘conflict’ (distrust towards government; 33%) and ‘capability’ (questioning the credibility of the reform; 23%) rather than its core intention of promoting water ‘safety’ (7%). The modelling analysis was supplemented by in-depth qualitative analysis that integrates anti-Māori themes (Moewaka-Barnes et al., 2012) and problematic reasoning tactics (Sturgill, 2021) to elucidate how false, deficit-based rhetoric about Māori is deployed to fuel racism and disinformation. In summary, our findings reinforce Kupu Taea’s call for new media sectors to integrate Te Tiriti o Waitangi into their practices to safeguard Māori and other minoritised groups who are likely to be at the fore of racist attacks.

text: Unpacking media narratives: Racism and problematic reasonings In this research brief, we present summaries of four case studies of racism in mainstream and social media in Aotearoa. Through a series of carefully selected datasets sourced from TV episodes (Police TEN 7), print media such as news articles (including Northland checkpoints), and tweets (Three Waters reform), we outline how Māori are represented across these mediums. With an expert in language modelling on our team, we analysed large datasets that give us sufficient statistical power to infer specific Māori discourses on respective platforms. Further, we examined key themes that characterise how Māori are represented in the media and signal the scale of anti-Māori attacks. For instance, we found that the predominant discussion on Three Waters reform on Twitter focused on ‘conflict’ (distrust towards government; 33%) and ‘capability’ (questioning the credibility of the reform; 23%) rather than its core intention of promoting water ‘safety’ (7%). The modelling analysis was supplemented by in-depth qualitative analysis that integrates anti-Māori themes (Moewaka-Barnes et al., 2012) and problematic reasoning tactics (Sturgill, 2021) to elucidate how false, deficit-based rhetoric about Māori is deployed to fuel racism and disinformation. In summary, our findings reinforce Kupu Taea’s call for new media sectors to integrate Te Tiriti o Waitangi into their practices to safeguard Māori and other minoritised groups who are likely to be at the fore of racist attacks.

year: 2025