title: Generating accurate rule sets without global optimization

authors: Frank, Eibe

abstract: The two dominant schemes for rule-learning, C4.5 and RIPPER, both operate in two stages. First, they induce an initial ruleset and then they refine it using a rather complex optimization stage that discards (C4.5) or adjusts (RIPPER) individual rules to make them work better together. In contrast, this paper shows how good rule sets can be learned one rule at a time, without any need for global optimization. We present an algorithm for inferring rules by repeatedly generating partial decision trees, thus combining the two major paradigms for rule generation—creating rules from decision trees and the separate-and-conquer rule-learning technique. The algorithm is straightforward and elegant: despite this, experiments on standard datasets show that it produces rulesets that are as accurate as and of similar size to those generated by C4.5, and more accurate than RIPPER’s. Moreover, it operates efficiently, and because it avoids postprocessing, does not suffer the extremely slow performance on pathological example sets for which the C4.5 method has been criticized.

text: Generating accurate rule sets without global optimization The two dominant schemes for rule-learning, C4.5 and RIPPER, both operate in two stages. First, they induce an initial ruleset and then they refine it using a rather complex optimization stage that discards (C4.5) or adjusts (RIPPER) individual rules to make them work better together. In contrast, this paper shows how good rule sets can be learned one rule at a time, without any need for global optimization. We present an algorithm for inferring rules by repeatedly generating partial decision trees, thus combining the two major paradigms for rule generation—creating rules from decision trees and the separate-and-conquer rule-learning technique. The algorithm is straightforward and elegant: despite this, experiments on standard datasets show that it produces rulesets that are as accurate as and of similar size to those generated by C4.5, and more accurate than RIPPER’s. Moreover, it operates efficiently, and because it avoids postprocessing, does not suffer the extremely slow performance on pathological example sets for which the C4.5 method has been criticized.

year: 1998-07-24

title: Celebrating the joy of teaching

authors: Tulloch, Bridget

subjects: teaching

abstract: I am excited to be writing this article on celebrating teaching, because all too often it feels like research is celebrated more than teaching at the university. This is perhaps because research has obvious measurable rewards such as being granted research funding or producing a paper. Teaching produces its own rewards but these are far less obvious and can be different for every teacher. When I wrote my teaching portfolio I opened with the quote of “we teach to change the world” (Brookfield, 1995), and while this seems cliched, it is so very true. The rewards in teaching for me are the interactions with students and seeing that moment when there is a spark as ideas click and make sense. It is the connections with students I want to focus on in this piece because for me that is why I teach.

text: Celebrating the joy of teaching I am excited to be writing this article on celebrating teaching, because all too often it feels like research is celebrated more than teaching at the university. This is perhaps because research has obvious measurable rewards such as being granted research funding or producing a paper. Teaching produces its own rewards but these are far less obvious and can be different for every teacher. When I wrote my teaching portfolio I opened with the quote of “we teach to change the world” (Brookfield, 1995), and while this seems cliched, it is so very true. The rewards in teaching for me are the interactions with students and seeing that moment when there is a spark as ideas click and make sense. It is the connections with students I want to focus on in this piece because for me that is why I teach.

year: 2012

title: A step into the light: developing a culturally appropriate research prcoess to study Maori Rangatahi perspectives of leisure in one setting.

authors: Harvey, Geraldine

subjects: research -- methodology

abstract: There is little knowledge of Maori peoples' leisure understandings, experiences and participation. This article reports on the development of a culturally appropriate research process that investigated the leisure participation, perspectives, and experiences of five Rotorua Maori Rangatahi in one research setting'. Within this exploration there is a focus on the need to conduct leisure research with Maori people in culturally appropriate ways. This research approach incorporates focus group methodology within a Kaupapa Maori research framework which addresses issues of research for Maori. The research process revealed that focus group methodology can be adapted into a Kaupapa Maori research framework and that this research approach could be an important tool when conducting research with Maori Rangatahi, including in educational contexts.

text: A step into the light: developing a culturally appropriate research prcoess to study Maori Rangatahi perspectives of leisure in one setting. There is little knowledge of Maori peoples' leisure understandings, experiences and participation. This article reports on the development of a culturally appropriate research process that investigated the leisure participation, perspectives, and experiences of five Rotorua Maori Rangatahi in one research setting'. Within this exploration there is a focus on the need to conduct leisure research with Maori people in culturally appropriate ways. This research approach incorporates focus group methodology within a Kaupapa Maori research framework which addresses issues of research for Maori. The research process revealed that focus group methodology can be adapted into a Kaupapa Maori research framework and that this research approach could be an important tool when conducting research with Maori Rangatahi, including in educational contexts.

year: 2002