title: Tracing new ground, from language to languaging, and from languaging to assemblages: rethinking languaging through the multilingual and ontological turns

authors: Gurney, Laura

subjects: Multilingualism

abstract: This paper traces recent theorisation stemming from the multilingual turn and brings this into dialogue with assemblage thinking, discussing the critical potential of bringing these perspectives together to explore what language is and how it is understood. The argument maps salient features of the multilingual turn which have extended the fields of applied and socio-linguistics beyond a preoccupation with separable languages embedded within a code-based depiction of linguistic behaviour. Within this body of research, we highlight the influential theoretical frames of (trans)languaging and metrolingualism, which position language as a dynamic process – and practice – rather than a product. We then begin to think through language/languaging as assemblage, a process which heralds an ontological shift. In so doing, we consider the ontological turn within and beyond linguistics to extend the potential of critical language studies, breaking with hegemonic language ideology via a radical reconsideration of the temporality, complexity and materiality of language.

text: Tracing new ground, from language to languaging, and from languaging to assemblages: rethinking languaging through the multilingual and ontological turns This paper traces recent theorisation stemming from the multilingual turn and brings this into dialogue with assemblage thinking, discussing the critical potential of bringing these perspectives together to explore what language is and how it is understood. The argument maps salient features of the multilingual turn which have extended the fields of applied and socio-linguistics beyond a preoccupation with separable languages embedded within a code-based depiction of linguistic behaviour. Within this body of research, we highlight the influential theoretical frames of (trans)languaging and metrolingualism, which position language as a dynamic process – and practice – rather than a product. We then begin to think through language/languaging as assemblage, a process which heralds an ontological shift. In so doing, we consider the ontological turn within and beyond linguistics to extend the potential of critical language studies, breaking with hegemonic language ideology via a radical reconsideration of the temporality, complexity and materiality of language.

year: 2019

title: Exploring the Lewis basicity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] on metal substrates by electrospray mass spectrometry. Synthesis, characterization and structural studies of new platinum selenido phosphine complexes containing the {Pt₂Se₂} core

authors: Yeo, Jeremy S.L.

subjects: chemistry

abstract: Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (ESMS) has been used as a tool to probe the reactivity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] with metal substrates, which lead to the formation of charged coordination complexes via loss of halides or other labile ligands. Among the numerous metal substrates used in the displacement reactions are Au(anpy)Cl₂ (anpy = cyclometallated 2-anilinopyridyl), HgPhCl and Pb(NO₃)₂. Acid titration on the Lewis basic metalloligand leads to the identification and isolation of the doubly-protonated species, [Pt₂(μ-SeH)₂(PPh₃)₄]²⁺, whose sulfide analogue cannot be isolated. A three-step strategy is employed in the use of ESMS as a probe: (i) preliminary screening of the metalloligand with an array of acidic main group and transition group metal compounds, (ii) identification of potentially stable and isolable products formed in situ based on ion distribution and simulated isotope patterns and (iii) promising reactions are repeated on a laboratory scale, and target products are isolated and characterized. X-Ray diffraction studies have been performed on single crystals of [Pt₂(μ-SeH)₂(PPh₃)₄][ClO₄]₂, [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(CdCl₂)] and {Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄[Pb(NO₃)]}{NO₃}. These results suggested that in general a parallel chemistry can be developed on the intermetallic selenides as on the sulfides. However, there are chemical and structural differences which are highlighted in this paper.

text: Exploring the Lewis basicity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] on metal substrates by electrospray mass spectrometry. Synthesis, characterization and structural studies of new platinum selenido phosphine complexes containing the {Pt₂Se₂} core Electrospray Mass Spectrometry (ESMS) has been used as a tool to probe the reactivity of the metalloligand [Pt₂(μ-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄] with metal substrates, which lead to the formation of charged coordination complexes via loss of halides or other labile ligands. Among the numerous metal substrates used in the displacement reactions are Au(anpy)Cl₂ (anpy = cyclometallated 2-anilinopyridyl), HgPhCl and Pb(NO₃)₂. Acid titration on the Lewis basic metalloligand leads to the identification and isolation of the doubly-protonated species, [Pt₂(μ-SeH)₂(PPh₃)₄]²⁺, whose sulfide analogue cannot be isolated. A three-step strategy is employed in the use of ESMS as a probe: (i) preliminary screening of the metalloligand with an array of acidic main group and transition group metal compounds, (ii) identification of potentially stable and isolable products formed in situ based on ion distribution and simulated isotope patterns and (iii) promising reactions are repeated on a laboratory scale, and target products are isolated and characterized. X-Ray diffraction studies have been performed on single crystals of [Pt₂(μ-SeH)₂(PPh₃)₄][ClO₄]₂, [Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄(CdCl₂)] and {Pt₂(μ₃-Se)₂(PPh₃)₄[Pb(NO₃)]}{NO₃}. These results suggested that in general a parallel chemistry can be developed on the intermetallic selenides as on the sulfides. However, there are chemical and structural differences which are highlighted in this paper.

year: 2002

title: Poi Apakura

authors: Maxwell, Te Kahautu

abstract: Poi Apakura portrays the battles both pre European contact through to the land wars and the confiscation of 400,000 acres of Te Whakatōhea land s in 1865 with the killing of the missionary Rev Catl Volkner known as Te Wākana. Performed by Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti at the Te Matatini World Championship Kapa Haa Competition 2013.

text: Poi Apakura Poi Apakura portrays the battles both pre European contact through to the land wars and the confiscation of 400,000 acres of Te Whakatōhea land s in 1865 with the killing of the missionary Rev Catl Volkner known as Te Wākana. Performed by Ōpōtiki Mai Tawhiti at the Te Matatini World Championship Kapa Haa Competition 2013.

year: 2013