title: The architecture of an optimistic CPU: the WarpEngine

authors: Cleary, John G.

subjects: computer science

abstract: The architecture for a shared memory CPU is described. The CPU allows for parallelism down to the level of single instructions and is tolerant of memory latency. All executable instructions and memory accesses are time stamped. The TimeWarp algorithm is used for managing synchronisation. This algorithm is optimistic and requires that all computations can be rolled back. The basic functions required for implementing the control and memory system used by TimeWarp are described. The memory model presented to the programmer is a single linear address space modified by a single thread of control. Thus, at the software level there is no need for explicit synchronising actions when accessing memory. The physical implementation, however, is multiple CPUs with their own caches and local memory with each CPU simultaneously executing multiple threads of control.

text: The architecture of an optimistic CPU: the WarpEngine The architecture for a shared memory CPU is described. The CPU allows for parallelism down to the level of single instructions and is tolerant of memory latency. All executable instructions and memory accesses are time stamped. The TimeWarp algorithm is used for managing synchronisation. This algorithm is optimistic and requires that all computations can be rolled back. The basic functions required for implementing the control and memory system used by TimeWarp are described. The memory model presented to the programmer is a single linear address space modified by a single thread of control. Thus, at the software level there is no need for explicit synchronising actions when accessing memory. The physical implementation, however, is multiple CPUs with their own caches and local memory with each CPU simultaneously executing multiple threads of control.

year: 1994-09

title: Amplifying Indigenous voices: Four Indigenous publishing houses

authors: Scaletti, Maria

abstract: Existing research in the field of Indigenous children’s literature is sparse but growing. A notable gap in the literature is the paucity of insight into Indigenous picturebook publishing. In preparation for a larger study of Indigenous publishing processes, in this study, we conducted a website analysis to explore the work of Indigenous publishing houses. From this data, we constructed four case studies focusing on Magabala Books (Australia), Black Bears and Blueberries Publishing (USA), Theytus Books (Canada), and Inhabit Media (Canada). Additionally, we present a close analysis of four recently published picturebooks from the publishing houses (one from each). In this article, we provide insights into the key themes underpinning the four Indigenous publishers, including a commitment to storytelling, collaboration, and education; the amplification and prioritization of Indigenous languages; the place of external funding; incorporation of Indigenous art; and the educational background of the authors and illustrators.

text: Amplifying Indigenous voices: Four Indigenous publishing houses Existing research in the field of Indigenous children’s literature is sparse but growing. A notable gap in the literature is the paucity of insight into Indigenous picturebook publishing. In preparation for a larger study of Indigenous publishing processes, in this study, we conducted a website analysis to explore the work of Indigenous publishing houses. From this data, we constructed four case studies focusing on Magabala Books (Australia), Black Bears and Blueberries Publishing (USA), Theytus Books (Canada), and Inhabit Media (Canada). Additionally, we present a close analysis of four recently published picturebooks from the publishing houses (one from each). In this article, we provide insights into the key themes underpinning the four Indigenous publishers, including a commitment to storytelling, collaboration, and education; the amplification and prioritization of Indigenous languages; the place of external funding; incorporation of Indigenous art; and the educational background of the authors and illustrators.

year: 2025

title: KAUMĀTUATANGA  Supporting School Leaders To Develop Cultural Values While Resisting The Dominance of Colonialism

authors: Nuri, Ngahuia

subjects: Kaumātua

abstract: In an education system that is asserting to the importance of Māori (indigenous people of Aotearoa) language, culture, identity and the history of Aotearoa  (New Zealand) into the curriculum, there is direction from the Ministry of Education (MOE) for schools to reach out to iwi. What this looks like and how this can be achieved is not an easy task. This thesis follows the journey of three kaumātua (respected, knowledgeable elders, both female and male) working alongside the Senior Leadership Team (SLT) of a decile 10 kura auraki (mainstream primary school) where ākonga Māori (Māori students) were in the minority. The research examines what role kaumātua might have in guiding other schools to help tamariki Māori (Māori children) enjoy and achieve education success as Māori. It highlights the coming together of leaders from two different worldviews with this vision as a common purpose. 

Kaumātua in te ao Māori (the Māori world) are respected elders. Kaumātua are leaders, respected for their wisdom, knowledge and models of behaviour among other attributes. The Māui narratives are one example of demonstrating the characteristics of kaumātua. It was through his respected elders that Maui achieved so much. It was his grandfather who rescued him and taught him all he knew. It was his grandmother Mahuika who gave him fire and it was his kuia (female elder) Murirangiwhenua from whom he received the magic jawbone. The wisdom of Māori kaumātua has been recognised for centuries by Māori and yet kaumātua are often an untapped resource in the mainstream sector of education. In this thesis the kaumātua and members of the SLT share their experiences of working together and the learning and unlearning that has taken place over a period of four years from 2016 through 2019. They share their vulnerability, humility and strength in the goals they have worked towards over this period of time.

text: KAUMĀTUATANGA  Supporting School Leaders To Develop Cultural Values While Resisting The Dominance of Colonialism In an education system that is asserting to the importance of Māori (indigenous people of Aotearoa) language, culture, identity and the history of Aotearoa  (New Zealand) into the curriculum, there is direction from the Ministry of Education (MOE) for schools to reach out to iwi. What this looks like and how this can be achieved is not an easy task. This thesis follows the journey of three kaumātua (respected, knowledgeable elders, both female and male) working alongside the Senior Leadership Team (SLT) of a decile 10 kura auraki (mainstream primary school) where ākonga Māori (Māori students) were in the minority. The research examines what role kaumātua might have in guiding other schools to help tamariki Māori (Māori children) enjoy and achieve education success as Māori. It highlights the coming together of leaders from two different worldviews with this vision as a common purpose. 

Kaumātua in te ao Māori (the Māori world) are respected elders. Kaumātua are leaders, respected for their wisdom, knowledge and models of behaviour among other attributes. The Māui narratives are one example of demonstrating the characteristics of kaumātua. It was through his respected elders that Maui achieved so much. It was his grandfather who rescued him and taught him all he knew. It was his grandmother Mahuika who gave him fire and it was his kuia (female elder) Murirangiwhenua from whom he received the magic jawbone. The wisdom of Māori kaumātua has been recognised for centuries by Māori and yet kaumātua are often an untapped resource in the mainstream sector of education. In this thesis the kaumātua and members of the SLT share their experiences of working together and the learning and unlearning that has taken place over a period of four years from 2016 through 2019. They share their vulnerability, humility and strength in the goals they have worked towards over this period of time.

year: 2024