title: Rural and remote communities: Health needs and aspirations of Pacific peoples

authors: Galewski, Janina'ofa

subjects: Pacific peoples

abstract: In Aotearoa New Zealand, Pacific peoples have worse health status and substantially limited access to healthcare, particularly in remote and rural communities, when compared to the general population. In addition, Pacific peoples are underrepresented in the Aotearoa health workforce, including within the medical workforce. There is a need for a fit-for-purpose health workforce with the skills and commitment to care for Pacific peoples living in remote and rural communities. In the context of the University of Waikato’s preparations to establish the Aotearoa Graduate Entry Medical School, this Masters study explores the perspectives and aspirations of rural Pacific peoples with the aim of understanding their health needs and their expectations of healthcare, particularly medical care.
This qualitative study is underpinned by the Pacific-valued and respect-based Pacific Post-Development Research Framework. The study design includes survey questionnaires, semi-structured interview and focus groups within a talanoa – a Pacific form of discussion/dialogue – space. Research participants will be Pacific peoples (n=9) over the age of 18 years and living in rural Te Rohe Pōtae (South/West Waikato region). The research data was explored using thematic analysis and focused coding.
The study suggest rural Pacific peoples want more healthcare services options with better accessibility, and that caters to their cultural differences. They aspire to see more Pacific doctors in their rural communities, as well as a health workforce that is responsive to their cultural needs.

text: Rural and remote communities: Health needs and aspirations of Pacific peoples In Aotearoa New Zealand, Pacific peoples have worse health status and substantially limited access to healthcare, particularly in remote and rural communities, when compared to the general population. In addition, Pacific peoples are underrepresented in the Aotearoa health workforce, including within the medical workforce. There is a need for a fit-for-purpose health workforce with the skills and commitment to care for Pacific peoples living in remote and rural communities. In the context of the University of Waikato’s preparations to establish the Aotearoa Graduate Entry Medical School, this Masters study explores the perspectives and aspirations of rural Pacific peoples with the aim of understanding their health needs and their expectations of healthcare, particularly medical care.
This qualitative study is underpinned by the Pacific-valued and respect-based Pacific Post-Development Research Framework. The study design includes survey questionnaires, semi-structured interview and focus groups within a talanoa – a Pacific form of discussion/dialogue – space. Research participants will be Pacific peoples (n=9) over the age of 18 years and living in rural Te Rohe Pōtae (South/West Waikato region). The research data was explored using thematic analysis and focused coding.
The study suggest rural Pacific peoples want more healthcare services options with better accessibility, and that caters to their cultural differences. They aspire to see more Pacific doctors in their rural communities, as well as a health workforce that is responsive to their cultural needs.

year: 2022

title: Physical volcanology and future volcanic risk from Te Maari Craters, Tongariro

authors: Basher, Ruth

abstract: The Te Maari Craters on the northern side of the Tongariro Cone Complex represent one of at least seven vent systems that have been active on Tongariro since the last glacial maximum. Activity at Te Maari had begun by at least 14 ka and has continued through historic times, making it one of the most long-lived of the young eruptives on Tongariro. The older lower crater is a wide (500 m), inclined, flat-floored structure up to 60 m deep, which exposes multiple layers of jointed andesite lava. The morphology of this structure implies some shallow collapse probably associated with withdrawal of a shallow magma chamber. The upper crater is a steep-sided, funnel-shaped feature constructed from weakly consolidated, very coarse, monolithic andesite breccia, and is largely the product of explosive eruptions through a pre-existing fan of thick, very coarse auto·breccia.
The most recent lava flow (probably around 1500 AD) and explosive ash eruptions (notably in 1892 and 1896) have been sourced from this upper crater. There are 4 older northern lava flows sourced from vents in the vicinity of the craters. From historic observations and analysis of the erupted products in the field, the typical eruptive style of these craters range from phreatic - phreatomagmatic to vulcanian. There is no evidence for more explosive subplinian eruptions from the Te Maari crater system.

The explosive eruption of 1896 was of sufficient intensity to disperse ash at least as far as the Hawkes Bay, and up to 50 mm of ash accumulated on the Desert Road. A repeat of this eruption today would cause severe disruption to agriculture and forestry operations, as well as critical transport and utility networks in the central North Island. The Tongariro Power Scheme would also be affected, as ash fall over Lake Rotoaira would cause damage to hydroelectric power facilities. A lava flow from these craters today on the scale of the 1500 AD flow would also have a major impact on transport networks if it reaches the State Highway, and outgassing would cause local acid rain and health problems in nearby communities such as Turangi and Taumarunui. The location of these craters close to the boundary of the national park also presents a unique hazard, as it would be difficult to prevent members of the public from gaining access to the area following an eruption and endangering their lives through curiosity.

Recent seismicity beneath the craters is a reminder that further eruptions are likely from the Te Maari system. Work on these craters to characterise the mechanisms, timing and magnitudes of typical eruptive activity contributes valuable information in the assessment of the probability and impacts of future eruptions.

text: Physical volcanology and future volcanic risk from Te Maari Craters, Tongariro The Te Maari Craters on the northern side of the Tongariro Cone Complex represent one of at least seven vent systems that have been active on Tongariro since the last glacial maximum. Activity at Te Maari had begun by at least 14 ka and has continued through historic times, making it one of the most long-lived of the young eruptives on Tongariro. The older lower crater is a wide (500 m), inclined, flat-floored structure up to 60 m deep, which exposes multiple layers of jointed andesite lava. The morphology of this structure implies some shallow collapse probably associated with withdrawal of a shallow magma chamber. The upper crater is a steep-sided, funnel-shaped feature constructed from weakly consolidated, very coarse, monolithic andesite breccia, and is largely the product of explosive eruptions through a pre-existing fan of thick, very coarse auto·breccia.
The most recent lava flow (probably around 1500 AD) and explosive ash eruptions (notably in 1892 and 1896) have been sourced from this upper crater. There are 4 older northern lava flows sourced from vents in the vicinity of the craters. From historic observations and analysis of the erupted products in the field, the typical eruptive style of these craters range from phreatic - phreatomagmatic to vulcanian. There is no evidence for more explosive subplinian eruptions from the Te Maari crater system.

The explosive eruption of 1896 was of sufficient intensity to disperse ash at least as far as the Hawkes Bay, and up to 50 mm of ash accumulated on the Desert Road. A repeat of this eruption today would cause severe disruption to agriculture and forestry operations, as well as critical transport and utility networks in the central North Island. The Tongariro Power Scheme would also be affected, as ash fall over Lake Rotoaira would cause damage to hydroelectric power facilities. A lava flow from these craters today on the scale of the 1500 AD flow would also have a major impact on transport networks if it reaches the State Highway, and outgassing would cause local acid rain and health problems in nearby communities such as Turangi and Taumarunui. The location of these craters close to the boundary of the national park also presents a unique hazard, as it would be difficult to prevent members of the public from gaining access to the area following an eruption and endangering their lives through curiosity.

Recent seismicity beneath the craters is a reminder that further eruptions are likely from the Te Maari system. Work on these craters to characterise the mechanisms, timing and magnitudes of typical eruptive activity contributes valuable information in the assessment of the probability and impacts of future eruptions.

year: 2005

title: Evidence of swarm intelligence in collective cultures: Identifying the use of the swarm goal directive of productivity in Pacific organisation systems as well as getween genders

authors: Arun, Natalie M.

subjects: Maori

abstract: Intrigued by the existence of societies outside that of the human population, scientists have ventured to study social aggregations within insects to seek insights on effective colonizing. The most popular of these social aggregations are colonies of ants and bees. In studying these groups of social insects researchers have developed algorithms loosely termed swarm intelligence that increase work efficiency within businesses and other social organizations (Bonabeau & Meyer, 2001). A subsequent proliferation of research in surrounding fields has allowed for investigation of key variables that improve work on a global scale (Bonabeau & Meyer, 2001). James Kennedy (1999), an initiator of swarm research, has suggested that there is a high correlation between systems that rely on each other for information and greater task accomplishment.

text: Evidence of swarm intelligence in collective cultures: Identifying the use of the swarm goal directive of productivity in Pacific organisation systems as well as getween genders Intrigued by the existence of societies outside that of the human population, scientists have ventured to study social aggregations within insects to seek insights on effective colonizing. The most popular of these social aggregations are colonies of ants and bees. In studying these groups of social insects researchers have developed algorithms loosely termed swarm intelligence that increase work efficiency within businesses and other social organizations (Bonabeau & Meyer, 2001). A subsequent proliferation of research in surrounding fields has allowed for investigation of key variables that improve work on a global scale (Bonabeau & Meyer, 2001). James Kennedy (1999), an initiator of swarm research, has suggested that there is a high correlation between systems that rely on each other for information and greater task accomplishment.

year: 2008