title: Speed regulation of model railway controllers: A comparison of technologies

authors: Scott, Jonathan B.

abstract: In this manuscript the relative performance of a variety of model railway controllers is tested in real-world conditions. Model railway locomotives use permanent-magnet, brushed, dc motors. Series resistance in armature windings, brushes and the rail, and magnetic losses in the armature all contribute to non-ideal operation. This manifests most annoyingly as moment by moment variation in locomotive speed. The effect is more noticeable in smaller scales. It is more noticeable on vintage models. Speed regulation performance is compared for a number different controllers using different technologies. Some interesting conclusions are drawn.

text: Speed regulation of model railway controllers: A comparison of technologies In this manuscript the relative performance of a variety of model railway controllers is tested in real-world conditions. Model railway locomotives use permanent-magnet, brushed, dc motors. Series resistance in armature windings, brushes and the rail, and magnetic losses in the armature all contribute to non-ideal operation. This manifests most annoyingly as moment by moment variation in locomotive speed. The effect is more noticeable in smaller scales. It is more noticeable on vintage models. Speed regulation performance is compared for a number different controllers using different technologies. Some interesting conclusions are drawn.

year: 2021

title: Inside the classroom door: Perspective on curriculum, teaching and learning.

authors: McGee, Clive

subjects: curricula (courses of study)

abstract: This paper is in two parts. First, I will survey some of the major international curriculum scholarship and influences upon New Zealand school curriculum. Second, having provided this broad survey, I will move closer to the classroom to consider contemporary developments in research on learning and teaching, which needs to be considered alongside recent curriculum scholarship, and zuhich may open the way for future research activity. Within the constraints of this paper I can touch on just a little of this vast field.

text: Inside the classroom door: Perspective on curriculum, teaching and learning. This paper is in two parts. First, I will survey some of the major international curriculum scholarship and influences upon New Zealand school curriculum. Second, having provided this broad survey, I will move closer to the classroom to consider contemporary developments in research on learning and teaching, which needs to be considered alongside recent curriculum scholarship, and zuhich may open the way for future research activity. Within the constraints of this paper I can touch on just a little of this vast field.

year: 2001

title: Adopting a Maori property rights approach to fisheries

authors: Toki, Valmaine

abstract: For Maori, tikanga Maori or custom law not only underpinned the recognition of property rights to their fishery but also their environmental ethics and the sustainable management of that fishery. In comparison, the property right of non-indigenous peoples was sourced from a rights system determined by the State. The nature of these property rights, for Maori, has been acknowledged by legislation. The challenge for Maori is to effectively maintain, develop and manage this allocated resource in a way that will not only sustain the resource but also ensure its longevity both socially and economically for future generations. Among the issues Maori will face are how to balance effective governance and efficient management, together with the requirement to address global issues of over-fishing and property rights, all the while preserving and respecting tradition. Irrespective of these challenges, it is the tikanga, or philosophy, intrinsic to the traditional Maori worldview which will guide Maori through these challenges, and provide a way forward for global issues such as climate change.

text: Adopting a Maori property rights approach to fisheries For Maori, tikanga Maori or custom law not only underpinned the recognition of property rights to their fishery but also their environmental ethics and the sustainable management of that fishery. In comparison, the property right of non-indigenous peoples was sourced from a rights system determined by the State. The nature of these property rights, for Maori, has been acknowledged by legislation. The challenge for Maori is to effectively maintain, develop and manage this allocated resource in a way that will not only sustain the resource but also ensure its longevity both socially and economically for future generations. Among the issues Maori will face are how to balance effective governance and efficient management, together with the requirement to address global issues of over-fishing and property rights, all the while preserving and respecting tradition. Irrespective of these challenges, it is the tikanga, or philosophy, intrinsic to the traditional Maori worldview which will guide Maori through these challenges, and provide a way forward for global issues such as climate change.

year: 2010