title: Is the New Zealand EEZ regulatory framework international best practice?

authors: de Wit, Nicola

abstract: New Zealand is fortunate to have a very large and diverse marine area. It supports a wide array of marine life with high biodiversity in seabirds, marine mammals and invertebrates. It contains significant petroleum and mineral resources. It also supports a substantial fishing industry. Our seas include the territorial sea (virtually the same as the coastal marine area) out to the 12 nautical mile limit, the exclusive economic zone or EEZ, and the extended continental shelf that extends some distance beyond the 200 nautical mile limit of the EEZ in some places. How the EEZ and the other seas under New Zealand’s control are managed is of critical national and international importance. 
 At the 2011 EDS Conference Raewyn Peart presented on “Oceans governance framework: An appraisal”. She concluded that New Zealand’s EEZ management was lagging behind international best practice because New Zealand had no mechanism for integration; no provision for marine spatial planning in the EEZ; no agency responsible for oceans management; no EEZ environmental assessment legislation; no EEZ marine protected areas legislation; and old and poorly performing marine mammal and wildlife (seabird) legislation. One of the authors of this paper also spoke at the 2011 EDS Conference, and identified a number of shortcomings in the law to regulate offshore petroleum activity, especially in regard to well integrity which is the ‘fence at the top of the cliff’.  
A lot has happened since 2011. This paper appraises the present state of our offshore environmental legislation, focussing on three issues that are at the fore: the lack of strategic or spatial planning, especially for marine protection purposes; the shortcomings in regulation of petroleum well integrity; and the challenges we face in achieving integrated management. The paper concludes that New Zealand has a lot of work to do by international standards, although it must also be acknowledged that other jurisdictions also struggle to address these issues. Although this paper focuses on the EEZ it also comments on the management of land and the territorial sea.

text: Is the New Zealand EEZ regulatory framework international best practice? New Zealand is fortunate to have a very large and diverse marine area. It supports a wide array of marine life with high biodiversity in seabirds, marine mammals and invertebrates. It contains significant petroleum and mineral resources. It also supports a substantial fishing industry. Our seas include the territorial sea (virtually the same as the coastal marine area) out to the 12 nautical mile limit, the exclusive economic zone or EEZ, and the extended continental shelf that extends some distance beyond the 200 nautical mile limit of the EEZ in some places. How the EEZ and the other seas under New Zealand’s control are managed is of critical national and international importance. 
 At the 2011 EDS Conference Raewyn Peart presented on “Oceans governance framework: An appraisal”. She concluded that New Zealand’s EEZ management was lagging behind international best practice because New Zealand had no mechanism for integration; no provision for marine spatial planning in the EEZ; no agency responsible for oceans management; no EEZ environmental assessment legislation; no EEZ marine protected areas legislation; and old and poorly performing marine mammal and wildlife (seabird) legislation. One of the authors of this paper also spoke at the 2011 EDS Conference, and identified a number of shortcomings in the law to regulate offshore petroleum activity, especially in regard to well integrity which is the ‘fence at the top of the cliff’.  
A lot has happened since 2011. This paper appraises the present state of our offshore environmental legislation, focussing on three issues that are at the fore: the lack of strategic or spatial planning, especially for marine protection purposes; the shortcomings in regulation of petroleum well integrity; and the challenges we face in achieving integrated management. The paper concludes that New Zealand has a lot of work to do by international standards, although it must also be acknowledged that other jurisdictions also struggle to address these issues. Although this paper focuses on the EEZ it also comments on the management of land and the territorial sea.

year: 2014

title: The Politics of Sport Funding: An Analysis of Discourses in New Zealand Golf

authors: Tongdethsri, Tidavadee

subjects: Sports Policy

abstract: In recent decades, the level of government intervention in sport has increased, involving greater resource allocations to community sport development, high performance sport and business capability initiatives.  Within this context, sports organisations have faced increasing expectations around financial accountability and the need to provide professional governance and management. Increasing government intervention in sport has, however, not been matched by a growth in research, particularly into the way government involvement both reflects and contributes to changing understandings of the nature of sport and related changes to sports organisation that affect people’s opportunities to participate. This thesis seeks to address this gap by carrying out a critical analysis of the politics of sports policy in New Zealand, with a specific focus on golf.

The research specifically aims to understand the nature of sport as understood by key stakeholders in sports policy; explore the discourses and underlying values that underpin investment into the golf sector; examine the wider implications of the discourses on sport funding decisions; and uncover the hidden politics of sport funding. It does so by adopting critical discourse analysis approach that recognises the discursive context within which sports policy and organisation are constructed. In this instance, the critical discourse analysis approach attempts to capture the underlying ways of seeing, explaining and understanding the sports policy context, and the way that these understandings influence the relationships between the government, voluntary and corporate institutions that are involved. The research explores the way dominant discourses shape the understanding of sport, and specifically golf, by these stakeholders and how these influence the priorities of sports organisations. The study reveals the way the discourses shaping the direction of national sports policy privilege a business approach, which position sport as a means to economic development, although alongside this are discourses that emphasise the value of sport as a means to social inclusion and health and wellbeing. 

The study recommends further research that include a comparative analysis of the findings in NZG with other nations that have both established sports policies and golf governing systems (e.g. the United States or the United Kingdom) with a greater focus at the grassroots level.

text: The Politics of Sport Funding: An Analysis of Discourses in New Zealand Golf In recent decades, the level of government intervention in sport has increased, involving greater resource allocations to community sport development, high performance sport and business capability initiatives.  Within this context, sports organisations have faced increasing expectations around financial accountability and the need to provide professional governance and management. Increasing government intervention in sport has, however, not been matched by a growth in research, particularly into the way government involvement both reflects and contributes to changing understandings of the nature of sport and related changes to sports organisation that affect people’s opportunities to participate. This thesis seeks to address this gap by carrying out a critical analysis of the politics of sports policy in New Zealand, with a specific focus on golf.

The research specifically aims to understand the nature of sport as understood by key stakeholders in sports policy; explore the discourses and underlying values that underpin investment into the golf sector; examine the wider implications of the discourses on sport funding decisions; and uncover the hidden politics of sport funding. It does so by adopting critical discourse analysis approach that recognises the discursive context within which sports policy and organisation are constructed. In this instance, the critical discourse analysis approach attempts to capture the underlying ways of seeing, explaining and understanding the sports policy context, and the way that these understandings influence the relationships between the government, voluntary and corporate institutions that are involved. The research explores the way dominant discourses shape the understanding of sport, and specifically golf, by these stakeholders and how these influence the priorities of sports organisations. The study reveals the way the discourses shaping the direction of national sports policy privilege a business approach, which position sport as a means to economic development, although alongside this are discourses that emphasise the value of sport as a means to social inclusion and health and wellbeing. 

The study recommends further research that include a comparative analysis of the findings in NZG with other nations that have both established sports policies and golf governing systems (e.g. the United States or the United Kingdom) with a greater focus at the grassroots level.

year: 2015

title: Māori students and issues of hybrid identity: The response of one inner-city state school

authors: Johnson, Diane

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: As a result of a more liberal national migration policy than was the case in the past, school communities in Aotearoa /New Zealand are increasingly multi-cultural, with both students and teachers coming from a wide range of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. In these global village environments, managers and governors strive (with varying degrees of success) to acknowledge, value and accommodate the heritage of new-migrant groups and to address the particular educational needs, interests and aspirations of the individuals within them. While it is extremely important to be inclusive of those students who are newly-arrived in the country, another imperative is, of course to protect and enhance, within an increasingly global educational perspective, the special status of indigenous Māori students, particularly those in mainstream education, as they explore and shape the hybrid identity (part indigenous / part global citizen) that will undoubtedly characterize their lives in the 21st century. The purpose of this paper is to discuss some identity-building strategies which one central-city, state, single-sex secondary school has initiated to support its indigenous students. While the strategies discussed must be considered as part of an ongoing, evolutionary process, indications are that the approach adopted is having a significant impact on the personal, social and academic development of Māori students.

text: Māori students and issues of hybrid identity: The response of one inner-city state school As a result of a more liberal national migration policy than was the case in the past, school communities in Aotearoa /New Zealand are increasingly multi-cultural, with both students and teachers coming from a wide range of linguistic and cultural backgrounds. In these global village environments, managers and governors strive (with varying degrees of success) to acknowledge, value and accommodate the heritage of new-migrant groups and to address the particular educational needs, interests and aspirations of the individuals within them. While it is extremely important to be inclusive of those students who are newly-arrived in the country, another imperative is, of course to protect and enhance, within an increasingly global educational perspective, the special status of indigenous Māori students, particularly those in mainstream education, as they explore and shape the hybrid identity (part indigenous / part global citizen) that will undoubtedly characterize their lives in the 21st century. The purpose of this paper is to discuss some identity-building strategies which one central-city, state, single-sex secondary school has initiated to support its indigenous students. While the strategies discussed must be considered as part of an ongoing, evolutionary process, indications are that the approach adopted is having a significant impact on the personal, social and academic development of Māori students.

year: 2008