title: Turakina Ngā Hara me Hinepūkohurangi

authors: Channings, Terehia Teresa

abstract: Turakina Māori Girls’ College was a Māori boarding school established by the Presbyterian Church. It is a school that has had a long-standing relationship with Tūhoe. The connection between Tūhoe and Turakina Māori Girls’ College has seen many generations of Tūhoe women attend this Presbyterian educational institution. Central in the forging of special bond was the connection between The Right Reverend John Laughton and Rua Kenana. They both had immense influence on the people of Ruatāhuna, of Waikaremoana and Te Whāiti where the very first cohort of Tūhoe students who attended Turakina originated.
This research investigates the influence of Turakina Māori Girl’s College on the lifestyles, careers and personal development of a select group of Tūhoe women. In particular, this study focuses on Tūhoe women who attended Turakina over a period of five decades from as early as the 1940’s through to the 1980’s. The careers of each of the participants range from education to health, to social services and to pastoral Ministry. The key focus questions are based around the four cornerstone pinnacles of Turakina; Mana Mātauranga - Educational Enhancement & Achievement, Mana Māori - Māori Language & Cultural Strengthening, Mana Wairua - Spiritual Well-being & Care and particularly Mana Wahine - Female Capacity.
In January 2016, the Minister of Education officially closed Turakina. The college was the only Māori Girls’ boarding school ever to be established by the Presbyterian Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand. However, the relationship between Turakina and Tūhoe still remains and is a crucial part of the lives of many Tūhoe women.

text: Turakina Ngā Hara me Hinepūkohurangi Turakina Māori Girls’ College was a Māori boarding school established by the Presbyterian Church. It is a school that has had a long-standing relationship with Tūhoe. The connection between Tūhoe and Turakina Māori Girls’ College has seen many generations of Tūhoe women attend this Presbyterian educational institution. Central in the forging of special bond was the connection between The Right Reverend John Laughton and Rua Kenana. They both had immense influence on the people of Ruatāhuna, of Waikaremoana and Te Whāiti where the very first cohort of Tūhoe students who attended Turakina originated.
This research investigates the influence of Turakina Māori Girl’s College on the lifestyles, careers and personal development of a select group of Tūhoe women. In particular, this study focuses on Tūhoe women who attended Turakina over a period of five decades from as early as the 1940’s through to the 1980’s. The careers of each of the participants range from education to health, to social services and to pastoral Ministry. The key focus questions are based around the four cornerstone pinnacles of Turakina; Mana Mātauranga - Educational Enhancement & Achievement, Mana Māori - Māori Language & Cultural Strengthening, Mana Wairua - Spiritual Well-being & Care and particularly Mana Wahine - Female Capacity.
In January 2016, the Minister of Education officially closed Turakina. The college was the only Māori Girls’ boarding school ever to be established by the Presbyterian Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand. However, the relationship between Turakina and Tūhoe still remains and is a crucial part of the lives of many Tūhoe women.

year: 2016

title: Treatment and survival disparities by ethnicity in New Zealand women with stage I-III breast cancer tumour subtypes

authors: Lawrenson, Ross

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Purpose
This study aims to look at the distribution of different subtypes of stage I–III breast cancer in Māori and Pacific versus non-Māori/Pacific women, and to examine cancer outcomes by ethnicity within these different subtypes.

Method
This study included 9,015 women diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer between June 2000 and May 2013, recorded in the combined Waikato and Auckland Breast Cancer Registers, who had complete data on ER, PR and HER2 status. Five ER/PR/HER2 subtypes were defined. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to examine ethnic disparities in breast cancer-specific survival.

Results
Of the 9,015 women, 891 were Māori, 548 were Pacific and 7,576 others. Both Māori and Pacific women were less likely to have triple negative breast cancer compared to others (8.6, 8.9 vs. 13.0%). Pacific women were more than twice as likely to have ER−, PR− and HER2+ cancer than Māori and others (14.2 vs. 6.0%, 6.7%). After adjustment for age, year of diagnosis, stage, grade and treatment, the hazard ratios of breast cancer-specific mortality for Māori and Pacific women with ER+, PR+ and HER2− were 1.52 (95% CI 1.06–2.18) and 1.55 (95% CI 1.04–2.31) compared to others, respectively. Māori women with HER2+ cancer were twice more likely to die of their cancer than others.

Conclusions
Outcomes for Māori and Pacific women could be improved by better treatment regimens especially for those with HER2+ breast cancer and for women with ER+, PR+ and HER2− breast cancer.

text: Treatment and survival disparities by ethnicity in New Zealand women with stage I-III breast cancer tumour subtypes Purpose
This study aims to look at the distribution of different subtypes of stage I–III breast cancer in Māori and Pacific versus non-Māori/Pacific women, and to examine cancer outcomes by ethnicity within these different subtypes.

Method
This study included 9,015 women diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer between June 2000 and May 2013, recorded in the combined Waikato and Auckland Breast Cancer Registers, who had complete data on ER, PR and HER2 status. Five ER/PR/HER2 subtypes were defined. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to examine ethnic disparities in breast cancer-specific survival.

Results
Of the 9,015 women, 891 were Māori, 548 were Pacific and 7,576 others. Both Māori and Pacific women were less likely to have triple negative breast cancer compared to others (8.6, 8.9 vs. 13.0%). Pacific women were more than twice as likely to have ER−, PR− and HER2+ cancer than Māori and others (14.2 vs. 6.0%, 6.7%). After adjustment for age, year of diagnosis, stage, grade and treatment, the hazard ratios of breast cancer-specific mortality for Māori and Pacific women with ER+, PR+ and HER2− were 1.52 (95% CI 1.06–2.18) and 1.55 (95% CI 1.04–2.31) compared to others, respectively. Māori women with HER2+ cancer were twice more likely to die of their cancer than others.

Conclusions
Outcomes for Māori and Pacific women could be improved by better treatment regimens especially for those with HER2+ breast cancer and for women with ER+, PR+ and HER2− breast cancer.

year: 2017

title: The potential for battery electric vehicles in New Zealand

authors: Duke, Mike

subjects: battery electric vehicles

abstract: Several challenges are facing personal transport in New Zealand; the need to reduce carbon emissions, the depletion of cheap oil reserves, increasing congestion, localised pollution and the need for long term sustainability. One possible solution to replace petrol/diesel cars could be the mass deployment of cost competitive, comfortable, attractive, energy efficient battery electric vehicles (BEVs). This paper first discusses the social and technical barriers that have hindered the development of this type of electric vehicle and secondly, how they can now be overcome. The electricity supply for a New Zealand fleet of 2 million battery electric cars is also discussed.

text: The potential for battery electric vehicles in New Zealand Several challenges are facing personal transport in New Zealand; the need to reduce carbon emissions, the depletion of cheap oil reserves, increasing congestion, localised pollution and the need for long term sustainability. One possible solution to replace petrol/diesel cars could be the mass deployment of cost competitive, comfortable, attractive, energy efficient battery electric vehicles (BEVs). This paper first discusses the social and technical barriers that have hindered the development of this type of electric vehicle and secondly, how they can now be overcome. The electricity supply for a New Zealand fleet of 2 million battery electric cars is also discussed.

year: 2008