title: Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes in New Zealand Workers

authors: Morrell, Heather Rebecca

subjects: Protean Career

abstract: This study explored protean and boundaryless career attitudes in a sample of New Zealand workers. Recent changes to both organisational and societal structures have significantly altered how careers are acted out. Employees are now required to be flexible and adaptable, and can no longer rely on organisations to manage their career development. Individuals have had to become more open to networking and collaboration across organisational boundaries, and to working for multiple employers. These changes have resulted in two key career models emerging in the research – the protean career and the boundaryless career. The protean career is conceptualised as involving a self-directed approach to career management combined with a values-driven approach to career management. The boundaryless career is conceptualised as involving both a boundaryless mindset,i.e. wanting to work across organisational boundaries, and a mobility preference,i.e. the desire to work for more than one employer. The purpose of this study was to investigate how demographic and personality variables relate to protean and boundaryless career attitudes in New Zealand workers. Measures of the protean career attitude and the boundaryless career attitude were included in a survey, along with demographic variables, personality variables and career variables. The survey was sent to 1300 New Zealand workers via four organisations and 226 completed responses were received. Overall, demographic variables were found to relate less strongly to protean and boundaryless career attitudes than was expected. Education level was found to be the most predictive demographic variable, while age and gender were related only to one of the protean career attitudes. Overall, proactive personality was found to be the strongest predictor of three out of the four career attitudes. Supplementary analyses found that individuals on a casual employment contract had higher levels of one of the boundaryless career attitudes (boundaryless mindset) than those on a permanent contract, and there were some differences between employment sector groups on one of the boundaryless career attitudes (boundaryless mindset) and one of the protean career attitudes (self-directed career management). Values-driven career management was negatively correlated with employer, occupational and geographic mobility, and no other relationships were found between any of the career attitudes and mobility. This research has significantly added to our understanding of protean and boundaryless career attitudes in the New Zealand context. The findings highlight that protean and boundaryless careers are made up of separate but related constructs that are associated with demographic and personality variables in distinct ways. In particular, this study has shown that while differences between genders have been assumed to exist, such differences do not necessarily occur. Furthermore, individuals with higher levels of education were shown to be more likely to hold certain protean and boundaryless career attitudes. This study highlighted that mobility is not synonymous with protean and boundaryless careers as has been previously assumed in the literature. It has addressed a number of key areas that were highlighted as needing further research, such as potential gender differences in career attitudes,and it has also opened up several areas for future exploration.

text: Protean and Boundaryless Career Attitudes in New Zealand Workers This study explored protean and boundaryless career attitudes in a sample of New Zealand workers. Recent changes to both organisational and societal structures have significantly altered how careers are acted out. Employees are now required to be flexible and adaptable, and can no longer rely on organisations to manage their career development. Individuals have had to become more open to networking and collaboration across organisational boundaries, and to working for multiple employers. These changes have resulted in two key career models emerging in the research – the protean career and the boundaryless career. The protean career is conceptualised as involving a self-directed approach to career management combined with a values-driven approach to career management. The boundaryless career is conceptualised as involving both a boundaryless mindset,i.e. wanting to work across organisational boundaries, and a mobility preference,i.e. the desire to work for more than one employer. The purpose of this study was to investigate how demographic and personality variables relate to protean and boundaryless career attitudes in New Zealand workers. Measures of the protean career attitude and the boundaryless career attitude were included in a survey, along with demographic variables, personality variables and career variables. The survey was sent to 1300 New Zealand workers via four organisations and 226 completed responses were received. Overall, demographic variables were found to relate less strongly to protean and boundaryless career attitudes than was expected. Education level was found to be the most predictive demographic variable, while age and gender were related only to one of the protean career attitudes. Overall, proactive personality was found to be the strongest predictor of three out of the four career attitudes. Supplementary analyses found that individuals on a casual employment contract had higher levels of one of the boundaryless career attitudes (boundaryless mindset) than those on a permanent contract, and there were some differences between employment sector groups on one of the boundaryless career attitudes (boundaryless mindset) and one of the protean career attitudes (self-directed career management). Values-driven career management was negatively correlated with employer, occupational and geographic mobility, and no other relationships were found between any of the career attitudes and mobility. This research has significantly added to our understanding of protean and boundaryless career attitudes in the New Zealand context. The findings highlight that protean and boundaryless careers are made up of separate but related constructs that are associated with demographic and personality variables in distinct ways. In particular, this study has shown that while differences between genders have been assumed to exist, such differences do not necessarily occur. Furthermore, individuals with higher levels of education were shown to be more likely to hold certain protean and boundaryless career attitudes. This study highlighted that mobility is not synonymous with protean and boundaryless careers as has been previously assumed in the literature. It has addressed a number of key areas that were highlighted as needing further research, such as potential gender differences in career attitudes,and it has also opened up several areas for future exploration.

year: 2010

title: Failing a Generation: What literacy is and why it matters

authors: Derby, Melissa

abstract: The concept of literacy and its ownership sparks diverse perspectives, with some viewing it through a Western lens of reading and writing, while others argue for a culturally relative understanding encompassing various forms of expression. However, the author contends that broadening the definition recklessly, potentially excluding essential reading and writing skills, may have dire consequences, particularly for marginalized children. The transformative power of traditional literacy (reading and writing) is emphasized, influencing health, economic, civic, and educational outcomes. The author asserts that insistent expansion of literacy definitions risks harming children, urging a steadfast commitment to traditional literacy to ensure equitable opportunities and societal advancement. With extensive research supporting the pivotal role of literacy, the article advocates for a clear stance on what constitutes literacy to prevent the potential neglect of foundational skills for future generations.

text: Failing a Generation: What literacy is and why it matters The concept of literacy and its ownership sparks diverse perspectives, with some viewing it through a Western lens of reading and writing, while others argue for a culturally relative understanding encompassing various forms of expression. However, the author contends that broadening the definition recklessly, potentially excluding essential reading and writing skills, may have dire consequences, particularly for marginalized children. The transformative power of traditional literacy (reading and writing) is emphasized, influencing health, economic, civic, and educational outcomes. The author asserts that insistent expansion of literacy definitions risks harming children, urging a steadfast commitment to traditional literacy to ensure equitable opportunities and societal advancement. With extensive research supporting the pivotal role of literacy, the article advocates for a clear stance on what constitutes literacy to prevent the potential neglect of foundational skills for future generations.

year: 2023-11-16

title: Analysis of multibeam sonar data for benthic habitat characterization of the Port of Tauranga, New Zealand.

authors: Boulay, Sebastien O. C.

subjects: Tauranga

abstract: Tauranga Harbour is a mesotidal lagoon located within the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, and is subject to an ongoing maintenance dredging program to remove mud deposits coming from various sources in the catchment. At the southern end of the commercial port, the Tauranga Bridge Marina was built adjacent to the bridge causeway, with 500 floating concrete berths, enclosed by concrete floating breakwaters. It is proposed to convert these floating breakwaters into solid ones to stop waves entering the marina. This is expected to influence tidal circulation around the Tauranga bridge causeway, and potentially affect sedimentation and marine habitats. The region is an important source of "kai moana" (seafood) for local iwi, and is a source of juvenile shellfish for the large beds located on the flood tidal delta and surrounding channels.

This study investigates the impact of the successive harbour constructions on the local sedimentology. The overall goal of the mapping part of this project is to identify and locate the different seabed facies and features within the study site, which may be affected by the sediment transport potentially resulting from the past and future harbour developments. 

To investigate the impacts of the harbour modifications, a habitat-mapping survey using acoustic mapping techniques was undertaken in July and August 2011. The hydrographic survey was simultaneously performed using a multibeam echosounder (Kongsberg-Simrad EM3000) and a Starfish 452F sidescan sonar. The backscatter/imagery data from both systems was then used for habitat mapping, using a combination of Angular Response Analysis and image-based segmentation. An underwater camera survey and seabed sampling were also performed to ground-truth the morphologies identified from the acoustic backscatter analysis. The most recent habitat map was then compared to the previous studies to identify changes in response to the different modifications of the estuary.

text: Analysis of multibeam sonar data for benthic habitat characterization of the Port of Tauranga, New Zealand. Tauranga Harbour is a mesotidal lagoon located within the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, and is subject to an ongoing maintenance dredging program to remove mud deposits coming from various sources in the catchment. At the southern end of the commercial port, the Tauranga Bridge Marina was built adjacent to the bridge causeway, with 500 floating concrete berths, enclosed by concrete floating breakwaters. It is proposed to convert these floating breakwaters into solid ones to stop waves entering the marina. This is expected to influence tidal circulation around the Tauranga bridge causeway, and potentially affect sedimentation and marine habitats. The region is an important source of "kai moana" (seafood) for local iwi, and is a source of juvenile shellfish for the large beds located on the flood tidal delta and surrounding channels.

This study investigates the impact of the successive harbour constructions on the local sedimentology. The overall goal of the mapping part of this project is to identify and locate the different seabed facies and features within the study site, which may be affected by the sediment transport potentially resulting from the past and future harbour developments. 

To investigate the impacts of the harbour modifications, a habitat-mapping survey using acoustic mapping techniques was undertaken in July and August 2011. The hydrographic survey was simultaneously performed using a multibeam echosounder (Kongsberg-Simrad EM3000) and a Starfish 452F sidescan sonar. The backscatter/imagery data from both systems was then used for habitat mapping, using a combination of Angular Response Analysis and image-based segmentation. An underwater camera survey and seabed sampling were also performed to ground-truth the morphologies identified from the acoustic backscatter analysis. The most recent habitat map was then compared to the previous studies to identify changes in response to the different modifications of the estuary.

year: 2012