title: Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Turnover Intention: The Role of Organisational Justice, Commitment and Perceived Support

authors: Esop, Michael

subjects: Organizational citizenship behaviour

abstract: Attracting and retaining committed teachers who are willing to perform extra-role activities that go above and beyond their prescribed jobs can be a key asset to an academic institution. Turnover intentions and organisational citizenship behaviours are important considerations for managers of organisations, including universities. The main aim of this study was to investigate a model of organisational citizenship behaviour that included turnover intention as a mediator variable, five predictor variables of distributive justice, procedural justice, affective commitment, continuance commitment and perceived organisational support (POS), and organisational citizenship behaviour directed at organisations (OCBO). A questionnaire was completed by 107 academic participants from five schools at the University of Papua New Guinea. 
Distributive justice, procedural justice, affective commitment, continuance commitment and POS were significant predictors of turnover intention but not OCBO. However, turnover intention did not mediate the relationships between the predictors and OCBO. The nonsignificant results were mainly due to the participants’ high ratings of 6 or 7 on the 7-point OCBO scale, which inflated the overall score. This may have been affected by several factors such as the participants’ social desirability response, which is common in self-reports. It could also denote that the employees’ performed higher levels of OCBOs despite their intention to leave the university. Supplementary analyses showed age, gender and organisational tenure were correlates of turnover intention. The major implications from this research are that managers of universities need to foster organisational justice, organisational commitment and organisational support to reduce turnover intentions and to enhance OCBOs.

text: Organisational Citizenship Behaviour and Turnover Intention: The Role of Organisational Justice, Commitment and Perceived Support Attracting and retaining committed teachers who are willing to perform extra-role activities that go above and beyond their prescribed jobs can be a key asset to an academic institution. Turnover intentions and organisational citizenship behaviours are important considerations for managers of organisations, including universities. The main aim of this study was to investigate a model of organisational citizenship behaviour that included turnover intention as a mediator variable, five predictor variables of distributive justice, procedural justice, affective commitment, continuance commitment and perceived organisational support (POS), and organisational citizenship behaviour directed at organisations (OCBO). A questionnaire was completed by 107 academic participants from five schools at the University of Papua New Guinea. 
Distributive justice, procedural justice, affective commitment, continuance commitment and POS were significant predictors of turnover intention but not OCBO. However, turnover intention did not mediate the relationships between the predictors and OCBO. The nonsignificant results were mainly due to the participants’ high ratings of 6 or 7 on the 7-point OCBO scale, which inflated the overall score. This may have been affected by several factors such as the participants’ social desirability response, which is common in self-reports. It could also denote that the employees’ performed higher levels of OCBOs despite their intention to leave the university. Supplementary analyses showed age, gender and organisational tenure were correlates of turnover intention. The major implications from this research are that managers of universities need to foster organisational justice, organisational commitment and organisational support to reduce turnover intentions and to enhance OCBOs.

year: 2013

title: Innovative hybrid heat pump for dryer process integration

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

abstract: This study aims to simulate and optimise a hybrid compression-absorption heat pump process for convective dryers considering Pinch design principles. With a greening electricity grid, heat pumps represent an effective technology to reduce process heat emissions. As a result, numerous types of heat pumps integrated with convective dryers have been reported in the literature, but no study was found to use a hybrid heat pump. To simplify the design and optimisation, Process Integration principles for compressors and expanders from literature are synthesised into a Pinch design method for heat pumps. A milk spray dryer case study is analysed. Simulation results using Petro-Sim™ show that the optimally design hybrid heat pump system can reduce dryer energy demand by 47.3 % and total emissions by 42.4 % (assuming a low carbon electricity grid) while achieving a gross Coefficient of Performance of 4.53. Future work will look at optimising the selection and composition of working fluid for the hybrid heat pump system as well as investigating the economics of its implementation in industry.

text: Innovative hybrid heat pump for dryer process integration This study aims to simulate and optimise a hybrid compression-absorption heat pump process for convective dryers considering Pinch design principles. With a greening electricity grid, heat pumps represent an effective technology to reduce process heat emissions. As a result, numerous types of heat pumps integrated with convective dryers have been reported in the literature, but no study was found to use a hybrid heat pump. To simplify the design and optimisation, Process Integration principles for compressors and expanders from literature are synthesised into a Pinch design method for heat pumps. A milk spray dryer case study is analysed. Simulation results using Petro-Sim™ show that the optimally design hybrid heat pump system can reduce dryer energy demand by 47.3 % and total emissions by 42.4 % (assuming a low carbon electricity grid) while achieving a gross Coefficient of Performance of 4.53. Future work will look at optimising the selection and composition of working fluid for the hybrid heat pump system as well as investigating the economics of its implementation in industry.

year: 2017

title: Āta whakarongo: Understanding whānau experiences of audiology early intervention

authors: Dargaville, Cynthia Michelle

subjects: Māori

abstract: For tamariki with hearing loss, early intervention is of critical importance in maximising speech and language, socio-emotional and academic development outcomes. Better hearing outcomes can be achieved by minimising diagnosis delays and initiating intervention treatment as soon as possible. Preliminary data from Waikato District Health Board indicated an equity gap at the point of diagnosis with persisting inequities for tamariki Māori during the delivery of early intervention services. High rates of appointment non-attendance within this group (27% Māori vs. 8% for non-Māori) are a cause for concern when approximately 50% of total appointments are for tamariki Māori. This research seeks to understand the experiences of Māori whānau accessing Waikato’s Audiology Early Intervention Service in order to identify changes the service can make to improve Māori engagement in the future. This study uses qualitative methodologies within a kaupapa Māori framework to investigate the access experiences of Māori whānau of tamariki identified with hearing loss. Interviews with six whānau from Hamilton city and rural Waikato provided rich narratives to inform changes to the Audiology Service to improve the hearing outcomes of tamariki Māori. Whānau shared systems and practical barriers that contributed to challenges with attending appointments including the location, appointment timing, travel and parking. From entering an unwelcoming waiting area, whānau described the added stress experienced to the depth of their emotional response to the hearing loss diagnosis. All shared positive interactions with staff and detailed what could have made their health experience better. After leaning into the kōrero and connecting to the whānau experience, a Manaaki-based pathway is proposed to support Māori ways of being, to ease whānau through the barriers and to combat the alienating experiences of engaging with the health system.

text: Āta whakarongo: Understanding whānau experiences of audiology early intervention For tamariki with hearing loss, early intervention is of critical importance in maximising speech and language, socio-emotional and academic development outcomes. Better hearing outcomes can be achieved by minimising diagnosis delays and initiating intervention treatment as soon as possible. Preliminary data from Waikato District Health Board indicated an equity gap at the point of diagnosis with persisting inequities for tamariki Māori during the delivery of early intervention services. High rates of appointment non-attendance within this group (27% Māori vs. 8% for non-Māori) are a cause for concern when approximately 50% of total appointments are for tamariki Māori. This research seeks to understand the experiences of Māori whānau accessing Waikato’s Audiology Early Intervention Service in order to identify changes the service can make to improve Māori engagement in the future. This study uses qualitative methodologies within a kaupapa Māori framework to investigate the access experiences of Māori whānau of tamariki identified with hearing loss. Interviews with six whānau from Hamilton city and rural Waikato provided rich narratives to inform changes to the Audiology Service to improve the hearing outcomes of tamariki Māori. Whānau shared systems and practical barriers that contributed to challenges with attending appointments including the location, appointment timing, travel and parking. From entering an unwelcoming waiting area, whānau described the added stress experienced to the depth of their emotional response to the hearing loss diagnosis. All shared positive interactions with staff and detailed what could have made their health experience better. After leaning into the kōrero and connecting to the whānau experience, a Manaaki-based pathway is proposed to support Māori ways of being, to ease whānau through the barriers and to combat the alienating experiences of engaging with the health system.

year: 2023