title: Microstructural evolution of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel during cold rolling and subsequent annealing

authors: Gauss, Christian

subjects: duplex stainless steel

abstract: We followed the microstructural evolution of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel during cold rolling up to 79% reduction in thickness and at early stages of isothermal annealing at 1080ºC. Qualitative analysis of peak broadening and kernel average misorientation (KAM) parameter obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), respectively, indicated a higher work hardening of austenite. Strain-induced martensite was not detected within this strain range by using X-ray diffraction and DC-magnetisation measurements. Two particular rolling thickness reductions were chosen for recrystallisation studies; i.e., 43% and 64%. After annealing for 1 min, primary recrystallisation occurred in ferrite (42% of recrystallised grains for 43% cold rolling), whereas austenite only recovered. For a reduction of 64%, the recrystallised fraction of ferrite did not change significantly, while austenite reached a recrystallised fraction of 43%. Full recrystallisation is noticed after annealing for 3 min for both conditions resulting in a bamboo-like grain structure.

text: Microstructural evolution of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel during cold rolling and subsequent annealing We followed the microstructural evolution of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel during cold rolling up to 79% reduction in thickness and at early stages of isothermal annealing at 1080ºC. Qualitative analysis of peak broadening and kernel average misorientation (KAM) parameter obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), respectively, indicated a higher work hardening of austenite. Strain-induced martensite was not detected within this strain range by using X-ray diffraction and DC-magnetisation measurements. Two particular rolling thickness reductions were chosen for recrystallisation studies; i.e., 43% and 64%. After annealing for 1 min, primary recrystallisation occurred in ferrite (42% of recrystallised grains for 43% cold rolling), whereas austenite only recovered. For a reduction of 64%, the recrystallised fraction of ferrite did not change significantly, while austenite reached a recrystallised fraction of 43%. Full recrystallisation is noticed after annealing for 3 min for both conditions resulting in a bamboo-like grain structure.

year: 2025

title: How to turn the page

authors: Chu, Yi-Chun

subjects: computer science

abstract: Can digital libraries provide a reading experience that more closely resembles a real book than a scrolled or paginated electronic display? This paper describes a prototype page-turning system that realistically animates full three-dimensional page-turns. The dynamic behavior is generated by a mass-spring model defined on a rectangular grid of particles. The prototype takes a PDF or E-book file, renders it into a sequence of PNG images representing individual pages, and animates the pageturns under user control. The simulation behaves fairly naturally, although more computer graphics work is required to perfect it.

text: How to turn the page Can digital libraries provide a reading experience that more closely resembles a real book than a scrolled or paginated electronic display? This paper describes a prototype page-turning system that realistically animates full three-dimensional page-turns. The dynamic behavior is generated by a mass-spring model defined on a rectangular grid of particles. The prototype takes a PDF or E-book file, renders it into a sequence of PNG images representing individual pages, and animates the pageturns under user control. The simulation behaves fairly naturally, although more computer graphics work is required to perfect it.

year: 2003

title: He titiro ki ētahi o ngā rerekētanga me ngā ritenga o te karakia tūturu Māori me ngā karakia karaitiana Māori

authors: Murphy, Ēnoka

subjects: Karakia

abstract: Puta noa i Aotearoa he maha tonu ngā wāhi me ngā wā e rāngona ai e te tangata tēnei mea te karakia. O ēnei wā ko ngā karakia e rangona ai he karakia Māori tonu engari kua kaha kē ake te hari i te karakia karaitiana me ōna whakatakotoranga. Ka mutu, tērā rā ētahi rerekētanga me ētahi ritenga o te karakia Māori tūturu nei me ērā o te karakia karaitiana. Nā, nō roto ake i ngā tau toru tekau nei, kua nui te whawhai a te Māori puta noa ki te hahū ake, ki te whakahoki mai, ki te whakaora mai anō i tōna reo, i ōna tikanga, i tōna titiro tonu ki tōna ao kia pakari ai, kia noho mārō hītarari mai anō ai mō ngā uri whakatupuranga kei te heke. Nā reira, e whai take ana kia whēiroiro ai ētahi o ngä rerekētanga me ngā ritenga tonu o ngā momo karakia e rua nei.

text: He titiro ki ētahi o ngā rerekētanga me ngā ritenga o te karakia tūturu Māori me ngā karakia karaitiana Māori Puta noa i Aotearoa he maha tonu ngā wāhi me ngā wā e rāngona ai e te tangata tēnei mea te karakia. O ēnei wā ko ngā karakia e rangona ai he karakia Māori tonu engari kua kaha kē ake te hari i te karakia karaitiana me ōna whakatakotoranga. Ka mutu, tērā rā ētahi rerekētanga me ētahi ritenga o te karakia Māori tūturu nei me ērā o te karakia karaitiana. Nā, nō roto ake i ngā tau toru tekau nei, kua nui te whawhai a te Māori puta noa ki te hahū ake, ki te whakahoki mai, ki te whakaora mai anō i tōna reo, i ōna tikanga, i tōna titiro tonu ki tōna ao kia pakari ai, kia noho mārō hītarari mai anō ai mō ngā uri whakatupuranga kei te heke. Nā reira, e whai take ana kia whēiroiro ai ētahi o ngä rerekētanga me ngā ritenga tonu o ngā momo karakia e rua nei.

year: 2011