title: Quaternary research in New Zealand and relationship to the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA)

authors: Lowe, David J.

abstract: Many of the top Quaternary science specialists globally are members of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA), and a number of New Zealand Quaternary scientists are in that category. Membership of INQUA provides access to this international knowledge base and the latest developments in the discipline, as described in my report for 2017 (Lowe, 2018a). The appendix of that report (Lowe, 2018b) provided examples of the international recognition of New Zealand Quaternary researchers and geological archives as globally important or unique, and of New Zealand participation and leadership in globally-significant research and in decision making at the international level through INQUA and through associated activities/outlets involving Quaternary research and its dissemination.

text: Quaternary research in New Zealand and relationship to the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) Many of the top Quaternary science specialists globally are members of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA), and a number of New Zealand Quaternary scientists are in that category. Membership of INQUA provides access to this international knowledge base and the latest developments in the discipline, as described in my report for 2017 (Lowe, 2018a). The appendix of that report (Lowe, 2018b) provided examples of the international recognition of New Zealand Quaternary researchers and geological archives as globally important or unique, and of New Zealand participation and leadership in globally-significant research and in decision making at the international level through INQUA and through associated activities/outlets involving Quaternary research and its dissemination.

year: 2019

title: Implementing Internet topology analysis with emphasis on load balancers and using large numbers of vantage points

authors: Eichler, Stephen John

subjects: Internet measurement

abstract: This thesis describes a study of load balancing and topology discovery in the Internet. Topology data was collected using variants of Traceroute including Traceroute MDA which provides topology information about load balancers.

Optimised Traceroute MDA was applied to investigating or updating basic statistics describing the behaviour and performance of load balancers and their populations in the Internet. Simulation studies were then performed to optimise the efficiency of distributed topology discovery algorithms including an algorithm for discovering load balancers, as well as one based on classic Traceroute.

Initial optimisation of the load balancer discovery tool was based on refining the parameters used to decide when probing should stop at each hop along the Internet path under analysis (stopping values). Internet data was then collected using the tool to attempt to confirm the refined parameters in practice.

Large repeated analyses were performed to quantify load balancer population parameters and change over time. These results included changing prevalence, turnover, load balancer diamond structure including a new statistic called literal width, fields outside the classic five-tuple that control load balancing and flow ID selection factors that affect the efficiency of discovering load balancers. Data was also collected on the occurrence of black holes in load balancers.

The classic Traceroute based tool Doubletree was simulated to test and improve efficiency, as was our new load balancer topology discovery tool Megatree. Doubletree was simulated with both a simple and advanced simulator and a simple simulator was used for Megatree. These topology discovery tools store information within vantage points and communicate between vantage points to reduce traffic required for topology discovery. New approaches to using these tools helped improve efficiency when large numbers of vantage points were used.

text: Implementing Internet topology analysis with emphasis on load balancers and using large numbers of vantage points This thesis describes a study of load balancing and topology discovery in the Internet. Topology data was collected using variants of Traceroute including Traceroute MDA which provides topology information about load balancers.

Optimised Traceroute MDA was applied to investigating or updating basic statistics describing the behaviour and performance of load balancers and their populations in the Internet. Simulation studies were then performed to optimise the efficiency of distributed topology discovery algorithms including an algorithm for discovering load balancers, as well as one based on classic Traceroute.

Initial optimisation of the load balancer discovery tool was based on refining the parameters used to decide when probing should stop at each hop along the Internet path under analysis (stopping values). Internet data was then collected using the tool to attempt to confirm the refined parameters in practice.

Large repeated analyses were performed to quantify load balancer population parameters and change over time. These results included changing prevalence, turnover, load balancer diamond structure including a new statistic called literal width, fields outside the classic five-tuple that control load balancing and flow ID selection factors that affect the efficiency of discovering load balancers. Data was also collected on the occurrence of black holes in load balancers.

The classic Traceroute based tool Doubletree was simulated to test and improve efficiency, as was our new load balancer topology discovery tool Megatree. Doubletree was simulated with both a simple and advanced simulator and a simple simulator was used for Megatree. These topology discovery tools store information within vantage points and communicate between vantage points to reduce traffic required for topology discovery. New approaches to using these tools helped improve efficiency when large numbers of vantage points were used.

year: 2016

title: Three Pacific writers from Aotearoa discuss Indigenous languages and visual poetry

authors: Salsano, Marama

abstract: This article draws on several months of conversations, creative workshopping, and writing sessions between Māori writers Ammon Hāwea Apiata and Marama Salsano, and Rotuman writer Mere Taito. Here, we contemplate the presence of Māori and Rotuman languages in our visual poetry. For too long, critical work about English language writing by Indigenous writers from the Pacific has been Eurocentric. Papua New Guinean writer-scholar Steven Winduo suggests the need to unwrite this “imagined Oceania,” while Māori author Keri Hulme writes disparagingly of the lower-cased ‘gods of literature’, and in her ReadNZ lecture, Sāmoan-Māori fantasy writer Lani Wendt Young describes traditional publishing as the “white castle of literature.” While white castled gods of literature have historically ignored the everyday vibrancy of Pacific voices, Indigenous writers from the Pacific continue to unapologetically write, read, experiment, critique, and play with words. Into this complexity, we acknowledge that for many Indigenous writers from the Pacific, English language Eurocentric thought and texts dominate our lives; many of us are second language learners of our languages.

text: Three Pacific writers from Aotearoa discuss Indigenous languages and visual poetry This article draws on several months of conversations, creative workshopping, and writing sessions between Māori writers Ammon Hāwea Apiata and Marama Salsano, and Rotuman writer Mere Taito. Here, we contemplate the presence of Māori and Rotuman languages in our visual poetry. For too long, critical work about English language writing by Indigenous writers from the Pacific has been Eurocentric. Papua New Guinean writer-scholar Steven Winduo suggests the need to unwrite this “imagined Oceania,” while Māori author Keri Hulme writes disparagingly of the lower-cased ‘gods of literature’, and in her ReadNZ lecture, Sāmoan-Māori fantasy writer Lani Wendt Young describes traditional publishing as the “white castle of literature.” While white castled gods of literature have historically ignored the everyday vibrancy of Pacific voices, Indigenous writers from the Pacific continue to unapologetically write, read, experiment, critique, and play with words. Into this complexity, we acknowledge that for many Indigenous writers from the Pacific, English language Eurocentric thought and texts dominate our lives; many of us are second language learners of our languages.

year: 2024-08-24