title: Re-introducing honey in the management of wounds and ulcers - theory and practice

authors: Molan, Peter C.

subjects: evidence

abstract: Dressing wounds with honey was standard practice in past times but went out of fashion when antibiotics came into use. There has been a renaissance in its usage now that antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a widespread clinical problem, and laboratory studies and clinical trials have shown that it is a very effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with no adverse effects on wound tissues. Modern studies have also shown that as well as having an antibacterial action, honey has several other activities that are beneficial to the wound healing process. It gives rapid autolytic debridement and deodorising of wounds, and stimulates the growth of wound tissues thus hastening healing and starting the healing process in dormant wounds. Its anti-inflammatory activity rapidly reduces pain, edema and exudate and minimises hypertrophic scarring. It also provides a moist healing environment for wound tissues with no risk of maceration of surrounding skin, and completely prevents adherence of dressings to the wound bed so that there is no pain and no tissue damage when dressings are changed. By use of appropriate dressing practices any problems of messiness and difficulty of handling can be easily overcome.

text: Re-introducing honey in the management of wounds and ulcers - theory and practice Dressing wounds with honey was standard practice in past times but went out of fashion when antibiotics came into use. There has been a renaissance in its usage now that antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a widespread clinical problem, and laboratory studies and clinical trials have shown that it is a very effective broad-spectrum antibacterial agent with no adverse effects on wound tissues. Modern studies have also shown that as well as having an antibacterial action, honey has several other activities that are beneficial to the wound healing process. It gives rapid autolytic debridement and deodorising of wounds, and stimulates the growth of wound tissues thus hastening healing and starting the healing process in dormant wounds. Its anti-inflammatory activity rapidly reduces pain, edema and exudate and minimises hypertrophic scarring. It also provides a moist healing environment for wound tissues with no risk of maceration of surrounding skin, and completely prevents adherence of dressings to the wound bed so that there is no pain and no tissue damage when dressings are changed. By use of appropriate dressing practices any problems of messiness and difficulty of handling can be easily overcome.

year: 2002-11-01

title: A preliminary conservation genetic study of Pittosporum obcordatum (Pittosporaceae), an endemic New Zealand species with a disjunct distribution

authors: Wright, Sarah A.

subjects: Genetic connectivity

abstract: Pittosporum obcordatum (Pittosporaceae; heart-leaved kōhūhū) is an endemic New Zealand plant species that is classified as Threatened - Nationally Vulnerable. It has a disjunct distribution and is only known from relatively few and small populations. Using 10 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs), we studied patterns of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among eight out of the c. 14 populations of this species to inform its conservation management. Pittosporum obcordatum has low genetic diversity at the population level (uHe = 0.169) compared to other long-lived and outcrossing species, but genetic diversity is relatively high in comparison with several other threatened species. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients suggest significant positive correlations between population size and genetic diversity as measured by the percentage of polymorphic loci and uHe. Pittosporum obcordatum also shows relatively high levels of genetic differentiation among populations (AMOVA-derived Φ’st = 0.508, P < 0.001; all pairwise Φst values P < 0.05), indicating low genetic connectivity. Populations with relatively few plants are therefore prone to further reductions in genetic diversity through inbreeding and genetic drift. Of these, especially the Kaitaia, Owen Valley and Paengaroa populations are of conservation concern, because they contain private alleles, and therefore notably contribute to the genetic diversity of P. obcordatum.

text: A preliminary conservation genetic study of Pittosporum obcordatum (Pittosporaceae), an endemic New Zealand species with a disjunct distribution Pittosporum obcordatum (Pittosporaceae; heart-leaved kōhūhū) is an endemic New Zealand plant species that is classified as Threatened - Nationally Vulnerable. It has a disjunct distribution and is only known from relatively few and small populations. Using 10 Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs), we studied patterns of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among eight out of the c. 14 populations of this species to inform its conservation management. Pittosporum obcordatum has low genetic diversity at the population level (uHe = 0.169) compared to other long-lived and outcrossing species, but genetic diversity is relatively high in comparison with several other threatened species. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficients suggest significant positive correlations between population size and genetic diversity as measured by the percentage of polymorphic loci and uHe. Pittosporum obcordatum also shows relatively high levels of genetic differentiation among populations (AMOVA-derived Φ’st = 0.508, P < 0.001; all pairwise Φst values P < 0.05), indicating low genetic connectivity. Populations with relatively few plants are therefore prone to further reductions in genetic diversity through inbreeding and genetic drift. Of these, especially the Kaitaia, Owen Valley and Paengaroa populations are of conservation concern, because they contain private alleles, and therefore notably contribute to the genetic diversity of P. obcordatum.

year: 2017

title: Putting Sylvia in her place: Ashton-Warner as New Zealand educational theorist

authors: Middleton, Sue

subjects: Sylvia Ashton-Warner

abstract: Sylvia Ashton-Warner, a New Zealand teacher, won international acclaim in the 1950s-1950s with her novels, autobiographies, and accounts of her educational theory. Blurring genres between fiction and autobiography, much of her writing was centred on the ‘creative teaching scheme’ she developed in Maori Schools. At the heart of the scheme was the idea that literacy was best achieved when children captioned their experiences of fear and sex, the two great (Freudian) drives. In Sylvia’s infant room, these erupted to the surface by means of captions (a child’s ‘key vocabulary’). I introduce Lefebvre’s idea of ‘rhythm analysis’, applying it first to the teaching scheme, then to the ‘system’ in which Ashton-Warner taught. With reference to extracts from Ashton-Warner’s Creative Teaching Scheme and Myself, I connect the rhythms of her life with her ‘theory.’ I identify Sylvia’s own ‘key words’ (violence and war; ghosts; sex and the kiss) and their rhythmic engagements and collisions with educational ‘authorities.’

text: Putting Sylvia in her place: Ashton-Warner as New Zealand educational theorist Sylvia Ashton-Warner, a New Zealand teacher, won international acclaim in the 1950s-1950s with her novels, autobiographies, and accounts of her educational theory. Blurring genres between fiction and autobiography, much of her writing was centred on the ‘creative teaching scheme’ she developed in Maori Schools. At the heart of the scheme was the idea that literacy was best achieved when children captioned their experiences of fear and sex, the two great (Freudian) drives. In Sylvia’s infant room, these erupted to the surface by means of captions (a child’s ‘key vocabulary’). I introduce Lefebvre’s idea of ‘rhythm analysis’, applying it first to the teaching scheme, then to the ‘system’ in which Ashton-Warner taught. With reference to extracts from Ashton-Warner’s Creative Teaching Scheme and Myself, I connect the rhythms of her life with her ‘theory.’ I identify Sylvia’s own ‘key words’ (violence and war; ghosts; sex and the kiss) and their rhythmic engagements and collisions with educational ‘authorities.’

year: 2009