title: Integration of industrial solar and gaseous waste heat into heat recovery loops using constant and variable temperature storage

authors: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon

subjects: heat recovery loop

abstract: Solar is a renewable energy that can be used to provide process heat to industrial sites but require thermal storage. HRLs (heat recovery loops) are an indirect method for transferring heat from one process to another using an intermediate fluid. With HRL's thermal storage is also necessary to effectively meet the stop/start time dependent nature of the multiple source and sink streams. Combining solar heating with HRL's is a cost effective way to share common storage and piping infrastructure. The conventional HRL design method based on a CTS (constant temperature storage) and a new HRL design method using VTS (variable temperature storage) are applied to demonstrate the potential benefits of inter-plant heat integration and installing solar heating. The dairy case study had available 12 source streams including four spray dryer exhausts and six sink streams. The addition of the dryer exhausts as heat sources was a critical factor in gaining a heat recovery of 10.8 MW for the variable temperature storage design, of which 5.1 MW was contributed from exhaust heat recovery. For the same minimum approach temperature the VTS approach achieved 37% more heat recovery compared to the CTS approach. Solar heating also proved to be a valuable source to be integrated into an HRL with a pinch around the cold storage tank with the maximum addition of 0.9 MW of heating on average for the CTS approach and 1.0 MW of heating on average for the VTS approach.

text: Integration of industrial solar and gaseous waste heat into heat recovery loops using constant and variable temperature storage Solar is a renewable energy that can be used to provide process heat to industrial sites but require thermal storage. HRLs (heat recovery loops) are an indirect method for transferring heat from one process to another using an intermediate fluid. With HRL's thermal storage is also necessary to effectively meet the stop/start time dependent nature of the multiple source and sink streams. Combining solar heating with HRL's is a cost effective way to share common storage and piping infrastructure. The conventional HRL design method based on a CTS (constant temperature storage) and a new HRL design method using VTS (variable temperature storage) are applied to demonstrate the potential benefits of inter-plant heat integration and installing solar heating. The dairy case study had available 12 source streams including four spray dryer exhausts and six sink streams. The addition of the dryer exhausts as heat sources was a critical factor in gaining a heat recovery of 10.8 MW for the variable temperature storage design, of which 5.1 MW was contributed from exhaust heat recovery. For the same minimum approach temperature the VTS approach achieved 37% more heat recovery compared to the CTS approach. Solar heating also proved to be a valuable source to be integrated into an HRL with a pinch around the cold storage tank with the maximum addition of 0.9 MW of heating on average for the CTS approach and 1.0 MW of heating on average for the VTS approach.

year: 2014

title: Preliminary evaluation of tectonic geomorphological signals within the Hamilton Basin

authors: Spinardi, Francesca

subjects: tectonic geomorphology

abstract: Over the past year several fault traces have been discovered within the Hamilton Basin, prompting a need for further investigation for tectonic evidence in the basin in order to re asses seismic hazards of the basin. Examination of the most recently discovered fault revealed the trace cross cuts the 20,000 ka Hinuera Formation, indicating that the faults within the Basin are active and could potentially experience another seismic event. However, more information is needed to determine the rate of occurrence and potential magnitude of an event. LiDAR and geomorphic data indicates there are potentially up to ten more traces within the Hamilton Basin, but they have yet to be confirmed through geomorphical ground-truth mapping. Both the known fault traces and the potential traces are dominantly NE oriented and appear to be influenced by the surrounding fault systems, such as the Waipa Fault. A large basement depression located in the far northern area of the Hamilton Basin as revealed by seismic line and gravitational data indicates that extensional movement may be related to the faults. To better understand the risk and hazard potential of a seismic event, extensive study and information about the basement terrane and surrounding faults, such as the Waipa Fault, needs to be gathered. It is possible that the fault traces within Hamilton are transtensional splays that have formed to accommodate movement and space between the major fault systems. My project will be examining the inferred fault traces within the Hamilton Basin, as indicated by the geomorphology, seismic line data, existing borehole data, and geological and geomorphical ground-truth mapping. For this the history of the surrounding fault lines, such as their total offset and rate of occurrence, will be investigated in order to understand the behavior of the faults within the Hamilton Basin and the potential hazards they can cause.

text: Preliminary evaluation of tectonic geomorphological signals within the Hamilton Basin Over the past year several fault traces have been discovered within the Hamilton Basin, prompting a need for further investigation for tectonic evidence in the basin in order to re asses seismic hazards of the basin. Examination of the most recently discovered fault revealed the trace cross cuts the 20,000 ka Hinuera Formation, indicating that the faults within the Basin are active and could potentially experience another seismic event. However, more information is needed to determine the rate of occurrence and potential magnitude of an event. LiDAR and geomorphic data indicates there are potentially up to ten more traces within the Hamilton Basin, but they have yet to be confirmed through geomorphical ground-truth mapping. Both the known fault traces and the potential traces are dominantly NE oriented and appear to be influenced by the surrounding fault systems, such as the Waipa Fault. A large basement depression located in the far northern area of the Hamilton Basin as revealed by seismic line and gravitational data indicates that extensional movement may be related to the faults. To better understand the risk and hazard potential of a seismic event, extensive study and information about the basement terrane and surrounding faults, such as the Waipa Fault, needs to be gathered. It is possible that the fault traces within Hamilton are transtensional splays that have formed to accommodate movement and space between the major fault systems. My project will be examining the inferred fault traces within the Hamilton Basin, as indicated by the geomorphology, seismic line data, existing borehole data, and geological and geomorphical ground-truth mapping. For this the history of the surrounding fault lines, such as their total offset and rate of occurrence, will be investigated in order to understand the behavior of the faults within the Hamilton Basin and the potential hazards they can cause.

year: 2017

title: A cultural encounter through volunteer tourism: Towards the ideals of sustainable tourism?

authors: McIntosh, Alison J.

subjects: cultural tourism

abstract: International volunteering is increasingly recognised as a form of alternative tourism. However, the nature of the ‘alternative’ experience gained, and the ensuing narrative between host and volunteer, remains under-explored in published research, especially in volunteer tourism research within a cultural context in a developed nation. This paper examines the nexus between volunteer tourism and cultural tourism in the search for alternative and sustainable experiences through tourism. Qualitative research using in-depth interviews, diaries and participant observation was conducted to examine the pre-, during and post-trip experiences of 12 Australian visitors undertaking organised volunteer activities in an indigenous Maori community in the North Island of New Zealand during January 2005. Members of the indigenous Maori community were also interviewed to provide an important host perspective. Findings suggest that the nature of the interaction and cultural experiences gained were perceived as mutually beneficial and seemingly different from those gained from traditional cultural products. In particular, the volunteers experienced an alternative Maori cultural product and engaged in a different narrative with their Maori hosts through their volunteer work, one rich in authentic cultural content, genuine and reflective of modern Maori life in New Zealand society.

text: A cultural encounter through volunteer tourism: Towards the ideals of sustainable tourism? International volunteering is increasingly recognised as a form of alternative tourism. However, the nature of the ‘alternative’ experience gained, and the ensuing narrative between host and volunteer, remains under-explored in published research, especially in volunteer tourism research within a cultural context in a developed nation. This paper examines the nexus between volunteer tourism and cultural tourism in the search for alternative and sustainable experiences through tourism. Qualitative research using in-depth interviews, diaries and participant observation was conducted to examine the pre-, during and post-trip experiences of 12 Australian visitors undertaking organised volunteer activities in an indigenous Maori community in the North Island of New Zealand during January 2005. Members of the indigenous Maori community were also interviewed to provide an important host perspective. Findings suggest that the nature of the interaction and cultural experiences gained were perceived as mutually beneficial and seemingly different from those gained from traditional cultural products. In particular, the volunteers experienced an alternative Maori cultural product and engaged in a different narrative with their Maori hosts through their volunteer work, one rich in authentic cultural content, genuine and reflective of modern Maori life in New Zealand society.

year: 2007