title: Acceptance and commitment therapy for public speaking anxiety: A self-help format

authors: Beharry, Prya

subjects: Acceptance and commitment therapy

abstract: A non-concurrent multiple baseline design across eight participants was used to determine whether working through Hayes and Smith's (2005) book would help those with public speaking anxiety. Hayes and Smith (2005) is based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. It encourages people to accept internal experiences as opposed to avoiding and struggling with them. For the purposes of this study, the book was divided into nine components, which participants discussed with the researcher. They also completed measures daily, during baseline and over the intervention period, as well as a battery of tests pre-baseline, mid and post intervention. The multiple baseline data showed that self-reported willingness to approach public speaking situations increased while self-reported avoidance decreased over the intervention. The pre and post measures also showed avoidance of internal experiences decreased significantly after the intervention. These outcomes are in line with changes suggested to result from engaging in such a therapy. The pre and post results also showed that quality of life increased significantly from mid to post-intervention. However, engagement with values did not change. While this measure is expected to change after such an intervention, this result may have occurred because the ideas about values were introduced last in the book. The intervention also led to significant decreases in anxiety, significant changes in thoughts about public speaking and significant increases in anxiety control as shown by the test battery. These findings are positive but are not predicted by processes posited for this therapy. However, there was no control group so these pre vs post comparisons must be interpreted with caution. Despite this limitation, the results suggest that the book, together with therapist contact, can help those with public speaking anxiety.

text: Acceptance and commitment therapy for public speaking anxiety: A self-help format A non-concurrent multiple baseline design across eight participants was used to determine whether working through Hayes and Smith's (2005) book would help those with public speaking anxiety. Hayes and Smith (2005) is based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. It encourages people to accept internal experiences as opposed to avoiding and struggling with them. For the purposes of this study, the book was divided into nine components, which participants discussed with the researcher. They also completed measures daily, during baseline and over the intervention period, as well as a battery of tests pre-baseline, mid and post intervention. The multiple baseline data showed that self-reported willingness to approach public speaking situations increased while self-reported avoidance decreased over the intervention. The pre and post measures also showed avoidance of internal experiences decreased significantly after the intervention. These outcomes are in line with changes suggested to result from engaging in such a therapy. The pre and post results also showed that quality of life increased significantly from mid to post-intervention. However, engagement with values did not change. While this measure is expected to change after such an intervention, this result may have occurred because the ideas about values were introduced last in the book. The intervention also led to significant decreases in anxiety, significant changes in thoughts about public speaking and significant increases in anxiety control as shown by the test battery. These findings are positive but are not predicted by processes posited for this therapy. However, there was no control group so these pre vs post comparisons must be interpreted with caution. Despite this limitation, the results suggest that the book, together with therapist contact, can help those with public speaking anxiety.

year: 2008

title: Towards an explanation and prediction of residential movement: An examination of the concept of sectoral movement, Adams restricted image causal hypothesis, and the initial development of a predictive statistical model of restricted lateral movement

authors: Poulsen, Michael F.

abstract: Adams (1969) argues that movers possess a restricted sectoral image of the city based upon their home sector. This image operates to restrict a household’s movement to its home sector. This research examines that particular causal hypothesis in terms of its theoretical basis and tests its explanatory role for patterns of movement of mover households to ownership property in Hamilton, New Zealand. On both counts Adams’ causal hypothesis is strongly criticized, as is the usage of the sectoral form in the measurement of restricted lateral movement. Instead a corridor from of measurement is proposed and used.

From a study of variables related to the personal characteristics of the mover and the relocation decision process it is argued that mover households who move within their home corridor do so because they hold locational attachments to their home area. Locational attachments are seen to develop as a function of the mover household’s age and/or previous ownership of property in that area. Non-corridor movers lack locational attachments due to their youth and/or first time ownership. For Hamilton a statistical model based upon locational attachments, personal characteristics, and relocation decision process variables is developed, which attempts to explain corridor and non-corridor movement.

text: Towards an explanation and prediction of residential movement: An examination of the concept of sectoral movement, Adams restricted image causal hypothesis, and the initial development of a predictive statistical model of restricted lateral movement Adams (1969) argues that movers possess a restricted sectoral image of the city based upon their home sector. This image operates to restrict a household’s movement to its home sector. This research examines that particular causal hypothesis in terms of its theoretical basis and tests its explanatory role for patterns of movement of mover households to ownership property in Hamilton, New Zealand. On both counts Adams’ causal hypothesis is strongly criticized, as is the usage of the sectoral form in the measurement of restricted lateral movement. Instead a corridor from of measurement is proposed and used.

From a study of variables related to the personal characteristics of the mover and the relocation decision process it is argued that mover households who move within their home corridor do so because they hold locational attachments to their home area. Locational attachments are seen to develop as a function of the mover household’s age and/or previous ownership of property in that area. Non-corridor movers lack locational attachments due to their youth and/or first time ownership. For Hamilton a statistical model based upon locational attachments, personal characteristics, and relocation decision process variables is developed, which attempts to explain corridor and non-corridor movement.

year: 1974

title: “It is about enabling Tino Rangatiratanga and Mana Motuhake”: An analysis of submissions on the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill 2021 endorsing a Māori health authority

authors: Edmonds, Moengaroa

subjects: Health Equity

abstract: Indigenous leadership in healthcare is one way for Indigenous peoples to exercise sovereignty over their health. In Aotearoa New Zealand, the establishment of the Māori Health Authority (MHA) was grounded in a decades-long imperative to address Māori health inequities and operationalise te Tiriti o Waitangi within the health system. However, the populist National-led coalition government formed in November 2023 included the abolishment of the MHA in their first 100-day plan and eventually disestablished it in February 2024. This study analysed 155 public group submissions on the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill made in 2021 and representing health professionals, iwi, hapū, and community groups. Core themes endorsing the MHA as a statutory entity included honouring te Tiriti, advocating for Māori-led solutions to health inequities, decolonising health systems, and affirming Indigenous rights. The political decision to remove the MHA is antithetical to the explicit endorsement statements made by an overwhelming majority of group submitters with expertise in health organisational structures and healthcare provision. Our study has implications for future local and international research in documenting counter-narratives for Indigenous struggles in health systems.

text: “It is about enabling Tino Rangatiratanga and Mana Motuhake”: An analysis of submissions on the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill 2021 endorsing a Māori health authority Indigenous leadership in healthcare is one way for Indigenous peoples to exercise sovereignty over their health. In Aotearoa New Zealand, the establishment of the Māori Health Authority (MHA) was grounded in a decades-long imperative to address Māori health inequities and operationalise te Tiriti o Waitangi within the health system. However, the populist National-led coalition government formed in November 2023 included the abolishment of the MHA in their first 100-day plan and eventually disestablished it in February 2024. This study analysed 155 public group submissions on the Pae Ora (Healthy Futures) Bill made in 2021 and representing health professionals, iwi, hapū, and community groups. Core themes endorsing the MHA as a statutory entity included honouring te Tiriti, advocating for Māori-led solutions to health inequities, decolonising health systems, and affirming Indigenous rights. The political decision to remove the MHA is antithetical to the explicit endorsement statements made by an overwhelming majority of group submitters with expertise in health organisational structures and healthcare provision. Our study has implications for future local and international research in documenting counter-narratives for Indigenous struggles in health systems.

year: 2025