title: Intelligent accountability evaluation of New Zealand primary school principals’ formal appraisal processes

authors: Earl Rinehart, (Suzanne) Kerry

abstract: Internationally there is interest in decentralising education and in the quality of school principals. In this article, Terry Crooks’ (2007) seven principles for intelligent accountability are applied to formal appraisal of primary school principals in the context of New Zealand’s self-managing schools. These principles are used to explore the dimensions and tensions associated with the process and principals’ experience of appraisal. Qualitative methods generated evidence, from three interviews with six principals over an 18-month period. Principals approved of their work being appraised for professional (and school) development. The strengths, according to Crooks’ intelligent accountability criteria, were principal involvement and feedback. The weaknesses were flexibility of monitoring and developing deep learning. Enhancement of trust depended on the appraiser and on the recognition of the limitations of appraisal indicators. Outcomes of this study have implications for appraisal policy and principal preparation programs.

text: Intelligent accountability evaluation of New Zealand primary school principals’ formal appraisal processes Internationally there is interest in decentralising education and in the quality of school principals. In this article, Terry Crooks’ (2007) seven principles for intelligent accountability are applied to formal appraisal of primary school principals in the context of New Zealand’s self-managing schools. These principles are used to explore the dimensions and tensions associated with the process and principals’ experience of appraisal. Qualitative methods generated evidence, from three interviews with six principals over an 18-month period. Principals approved of their work being appraised for professional (and school) development. The strengths, according to Crooks’ intelligent accountability criteria, were principal involvement and feedback. The weaknesses were flexibility of monitoring and developing deep learning. Enhancement of trust depended on the appraiser and on the recognition of the limitations of appraisal indicators. Outcomes of this study have implications for appraisal policy and principal preparation programs.

year: 2019

title: Synthesis, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃In Situ Composite

authors: Zhang, Deliang

subjects: engineering

abstract: This paper describes a novel process for synthesizing a Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃in situ composite. This route utilizes TiO₂, carbon, and Al powders as raw materials, and involves high-energy mechanical milling and powder sintering. The Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃ bulk in situ composite produced has a phase composition of Ti₂AlC–20 vol% TiC–35 vol% Al₂O₃ with fine Al₂O₃ particles (size: 0.5–15 μm) embedded in a Ti₂AlC/TiC matrix. The Ti₂AlC grains exhibit a nanometer scale lamellar structure, and most of the Al₂O₃ grains contain fine cubic TiOmC1−m precipitates (size: 10–200 nm). The average hardness and bending strength of the composite are in the ranges of 11–12.5 GPa and 380–440 MPa, respectively. Here we have demonstrated that the mechanical performance (mainly hardness and bending strength) of the composite is directly correlated with the size of the Al2O3 particles present in the as-fabricated in situ composite.

text: Synthesis, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃In Situ Composite This paper describes a novel process for synthesizing a Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃in situ composite. This route utilizes TiO₂, carbon, and Al powders as raw materials, and involves high-energy mechanical milling and powder sintering. The Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃ bulk in situ composite produced has a phase composition of Ti₂AlC–20 vol% TiC–35 vol% Al₂O₃ with fine Al₂O₃ particles (size: 0.5–15 μm) embedded in a Ti₂AlC/TiC matrix. The Ti₂AlC grains exhibit a nanometer scale lamellar structure, and most of the Al₂O₃ grains contain fine cubic TiOmC1−m precipitates (size: 10–200 nm). The average hardness and bending strength of the composite are in the ranges of 11–12.5 GPa and 380–440 MPa, respectively. Here we have demonstrated that the mechanical performance (mainly hardness and bending strength) of the composite is directly correlated with the size of the Al2O3 particles present in the as-fabricated in situ composite.

year: 2006

title: A humanistic approach to addressing the needs of Maori homeless people with mental health concerns

authors: Johnson, Diana

subjects: Maori

abstract: Homelessness is a human tragedy that is often associated with mental illness. Maori people are overrepresented in the homeless population and among people experiencing mental illness in New Zealand. Little is known about the mental health experiences of Maori homeless people or the efforts of practitioners who render assistance. The authors explore the experiences of six Maori homeless people and six mental health professionals. Findings highlight the importance of a humanistic and culturally informed approach to addressing the needs of homeless people and restoring their wellness and dignity.

text: A humanistic approach to addressing the needs of Maori homeless people with mental health concerns Homelessness is a human tragedy that is often associated with mental illness. Maori people are overrepresented in the homeless population and among people experiencing mental illness in New Zealand. Little is known about the mental health experiences of Maori homeless people or the efforts of practitioners who render assistance. The authors explore the experiences of six Maori homeless people and six mental health professionals. Findings highlight the importance of a humanistic and culturally informed approach to addressing the needs of homeless people and restoring their wellness and dignity.

year: 2013