title: Kiwi, kapai, and kuia: Māori loanwords in New Zealand English children's picture books published between 1995 and 2005

authors: Macdonald, Daryl Eveline

abstract: Māori loanwords are a distinctive characteristic of New Zealand English (Deverson, 1991). A previous study of the frequency of Māori loanwords in New Zealand English children’s picture books showed an incidence of 56 words per thousand in a corpus of 13 books published by a single publishing house between 1995 and 2005 (Daly, 2007). The current study determined the frequency, semantic categories, and textual representations of loanwords in a corpus of nearly 500 children’s picture books published in New Zealand between 1995 and 2005. Results showed an incidence of 13 Māori loanwords per thousand words of text. Reasons for this difference in frequency and the potential effects of a relatively high incidence of Māori loanwords in children’s picture books are discussed in terms of the language use of the readers, the changing character of New Zealand English, and New Zealand national identity.

text: Kiwi, kapai, and kuia: Māori loanwords in New Zealand English children's picture books published between 1995 and 2005 Māori loanwords are a distinctive characteristic of New Zealand English (Deverson, 1991). A previous study of the frequency of Māori loanwords in New Zealand English children’s picture books showed an incidence of 56 words per thousand in a corpus of 13 books published by a single publishing house between 1995 and 2005 (Daly, 2007). The current study determined the frequency, semantic categories, and textual representations of loanwords in a corpus of nearly 500 children’s picture books published in New Zealand between 1995 and 2005. Results showed an incidence of 13 Māori loanwords per thousand words of text. Reasons for this difference in frequency and the potential effects of a relatively high incidence of Māori loanwords in children’s picture books are discussed in terms of the language use of the readers, the changing character of New Zealand English, and New Zealand national identity.

year: 2013

title: He tirohanga ki ngā iwi o Hauraki

authors: Ngāpō, Korohere

subjects: Kōrero nehe

abstract: Ahakoa kua kīia nei tekau mā rua ngā iwi o Hauraki i ēnei rangi, kua mōhiotia whānuitia e ngā tūnohunohu me ngā tohunga whakapapa o te kāinga e toru ngā tino nohonga tūturu ake o ngā iwi o Hauraki i mua i te tae putuputu mai o te iwi Pākehā. Ka mutu, he whakarāpopoto noa iho tēnei tuhinga ki ngā tūrangawaewae me ngā tapuwae o ngā iwi ki roto i ngā whaitua o Te Tara o Te Ika-a-Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga. Ehara i te mea kua ruku hōhonu ake ahau ki ngā āhuatanga katoa o ngā whakapapa o Hauraki engari he paku makamaka tirotiro noa iho nā te rarahi, nā te whānui rawa o tēnei kaupapa. Mehemea ka tōminamina te tangata kia mōhio ai ki ngā hītori o Hauraki mokori anō tana whana atu ki ngā wāhi tapu, ki ngā kōrero tuku iho a ngā mātanga whakapapa.

Mehemea e tōminamina ana te tangata kia mōhio ai ko wai mā ngā tūpuna o Hauraki i ngā wā o mua, me hoki whakamuri ki ngā iwi tuatahi tae noa mai ki ngā iwi 12 e noho atu ana ki ngā ripa tauārai o Hauraki ā mohoa nei.

text: He tirohanga ki ngā iwi o Hauraki Ahakoa kua kīia nei tekau mā rua ngā iwi o Hauraki i ēnei rangi, kua mōhiotia whānuitia e ngā tūnohunohu me ngā tohunga whakapapa o te kāinga e toru ngā tino nohonga tūturu ake o ngā iwi o Hauraki i mua i te tae putuputu mai o te iwi Pākehā. Ka mutu, he whakarāpopoto noa iho tēnei tuhinga ki ngā tūrangawaewae me ngā tapuwae o ngā iwi ki roto i ngā whaitua o Te Tara o Te Ika-a-Māui-tikitiki-a-Taranga. Ehara i te mea kua ruku hōhonu ake ahau ki ngā āhuatanga katoa o ngā whakapapa o Hauraki engari he paku makamaka tirotiro noa iho nā te rarahi, nā te whānui rawa o tēnei kaupapa. Mehemea ka tōminamina te tangata kia mōhio ai ki ngā hītori o Hauraki mokori anō tana whana atu ki ngā wāhi tapu, ki ngā kōrero tuku iho a ngā mātanga whakapapa.

Mehemea e tōminamina ana te tangata kia mōhio ai ko wai mā ngā tūpuna o Hauraki i ngā wā o mua, me hoki whakamuri ki ngā iwi tuatahi tae noa mai ki ngā iwi 12 e noho atu ana ki ngā ripa tauārai o Hauraki ā mohoa nei.

year: 2016

title: The role of smart community microgrids in Aotearoa’s energy future

authors: Apperley, Mark

subjects: Renewable energy

abstract: There is a pressing need to expand electricity production in Aotearoa New Zealand to meet sustainability goals and lower energy costs. This new generation needs to be based on renewable sources, chiefly wind and solar, for both sustainability and economic reasons. While there remains a role for the legacy grid, microgrids provide a means of co-locating generation with load, minimising transmission line investment and energy losses. This paper explores the advantages of smart community microgrids in this context, but also examines the challenges in terms of the existing legacy grid approach. Three case studies are given as examples, covering an isolated community with no grid connection, a more conventional residential community of 30 households, and a community with local commercial/industrial loads in addition to housing. These case studies show the benefits in terms of local consumption of locally generated electricity coupled with sharing or local trading within the community. Microgrids can support New Zealand’s transition to a more electrified, equitable, economical and low-emissions energy system, but their development does require not just exploitation of new technologies, but also adjustment to the legacy grid model and a fresh approach to electricity infrastructure planning and management.

text: The role of smart community microgrids in Aotearoa’s energy future There is a pressing need to expand electricity production in Aotearoa New Zealand to meet sustainability goals and lower energy costs. This new generation needs to be based on renewable sources, chiefly wind and solar, for both sustainability and economic reasons. While there remains a role for the legacy grid, microgrids provide a means of co-locating generation with load, minimising transmission line investment and energy losses. This paper explores the advantages of smart community microgrids in this context, but also examines the challenges in terms of the existing legacy grid approach. Three case studies are given as examples, covering an isolated community with no grid connection, a more conventional residential community of 30 households, and a community with local commercial/industrial loads in addition to housing. These case studies show the benefits in terms of local consumption of locally generated electricity coupled with sharing or local trading within the community. Microgrids can support New Zealand’s transition to a more electrified, equitable, economical and low-emissions energy system, but their development does require not just exploitation of new technologies, but also adjustment to the legacy grid model and a fresh approach to electricity infrastructure planning and management.

year: 2025