title: Synthesis of Platinum Complexes Containing Bidentate N,O-donor Ligands

authors: Sim, Sophie Anne

abstract: The reaction of N,O-donor ligands hippuric acid and N-phenylanthranilic acid with [PtCl₂(COD)] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in dichloromethane and in the presence of silver(I) oxide yields the complexes [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] and [Pt{OC(O)(C₆H₄)N(Ph)}(COD)]. Several ligand-substitution reactions were performed using complex [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] and a variety of phosphines, to produce [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(PPh₃)₂].1.5.CH₂Cl₂, [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(dppe)][dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane], [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(PTA)₂] (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) and [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(dppf)] [1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]. The X-ray crystal structure of [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] was obtained which showed the hippurate ligand coordinated to platinum via the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. Attempts were made to synthesise two N,O-coordinated gold(III) complexes, however characterisation showed the resulting products to be a mixture of compounds.
All new complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, melting point, electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infra-red (IR) spectroscopy. In particular, a range of various 1D (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P, DEPT and selective NOESY) and 2D (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC and H2BC) NMR experiments were used to provide full spectral assignment of each complex.

text: Synthesis of Platinum Complexes Containing Bidentate N,O-donor Ligands The reaction of N,O-donor ligands hippuric acid and N-phenylanthranilic acid with [PtCl₂(COD)] (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in dichloromethane and in the presence of silver(I) oxide yields the complexes [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] and [Pt{OC(O)(C₆H₄)N(Ph)}(COD)]. Several ligand-substitution reactions were performed using complex [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] and a variety of phosphines, to produce [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(PPh₃)₂].1.5.CH₂Cl₂, [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(dppe)][dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane], [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(PTA)₂] (PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) and [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(dppf)] [1,1’-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]. The X-ray crystal structure of [Pt{OC(O)CH₂N(COPh)}(COD)] was obtained which showed the hippurate ligand coordinated to platinum via the nitrogen and oxygen atoms. Attempts were made to synthesise two N,O-coordinated gold(III) complexes, however characterisation showed the resulting products to be a mixture of compounds.
All new complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, melting point, electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infra-red (IR) spectroscopy. In particular, a range of various 1D (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P, DEPT and selective NOESY) and 2D (COSY, NOESY, HSQC, HMBC and H2BC) NMR experiments were used to provide full spectral assignment of each complex.

year: 2014

title: Investing in green intellectual capital to enhance green corporate image under the Influence of green innovation climate: A case of Chinese entrepreneurial SMEs

authors: Khan, Adnan

subjects: green intellectual capital

abstract: Modern firms have been urged to play their role toward a sustainable business environment. The relevance of green prospects in the work environment continues to expand. Still, little research has been conducted to understand the role of green intellectual capital plays in promoting environmental behaviours and outcomes. With China's higher level of carbon emission, it has become imperative for businesses to investigate ways to improve their environmental performance. For this purpose, we collected the data from 451 entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises based in Jiangsu province of China and then analyzed it through partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Based on the social cognitive theory assumptions, this research study argues that; green intellectual capital, measured with green human resource, relation capital, and structural capital, positively influences green core competence. And, Green core competence positively impacts the green corporate image (environmental performance and green innovation practices). Additionally, Green core competence was found to mediate the relationship between green intellectual capital and green corporate image. Lastly, the study's outcome delineated that innovative green climate moderates the relationship between green core competence and green corporate image. This study broadens the scope of social cognitive theory and presents a viable solution for entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises stakeholders to use the knowledge generated by green intellectual capital and core competence to improve their green corporate image.

text: Investing in green intellectual capital to enhance green corporate image under the Influence of green innovation climate: A case of Chinese entrepreneurial SMEs Modern firms have been urged to play their role toward a sustainable business environment. The relevance of green prospects in the work environment continues to expand. Still, little research has been conducted to understand the role of green intellectual capital plays in promoting environmental behaviours and outcomes. With China's higher level of carbon emission, it has become imperative for businesses to investigate ways to improve their environmental performance. For this purpose, we collected the data from 451 entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises based in Jiangsu province of China and then analyzed it through partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Based on the social cognitive theory assumptions, this research study argues that; green intellectual capital, measured with green human resource, relation capital, and structural capital, positively influences green core competence. And, Green core competence positively impacts the green corporate image (environmental performance and green innovation practices). Additionally, Green core competence was found to mediate the relationship between green intellectual capital and green corporate image. Lastly, the study's outcome delineated that innovative green climate moderates the relationship between green core competence and green corporate image. This study broadens the scope of social cognitive theory and presents a viable solution for entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises stakeholders to use the knowledge generated by green intellectual capital and core competence to improve their green corporate image.

year: 2023

title: Incorporating New Zealand indigenous views into community resilience frameworks for the built environment

authors: Boston, Megan

abstract: Community resilience lacks a standardized definition and methodology to quantify. Many governments and organizations have attempted to construct frameworks for improving community resilience, particularly as related to the built environment. However, few of these frameworks explicitly consider the values and cultural aspects of marginalized communities that are potentially negatively disadvantaged due to colonialization or socio-economic deprivation. To date, little research has worked on integrating Maori cultural views into these resilience frameworks. Using survey results investigating Maori and New Zealand European cultural views on resilience and aspects of the built environment, it has been found that Maori value unity and community cohesion as aspects of resilience more than New Zealand Europeans. Further, communities can increase community cohesion and unity through adapting Maori Marae’s or communal gathering places to increase community resilience following a disaster.

text: Incorporating New Zealand indigenous views into community resilience frameworks for the built environment Community resilience lacks a standardized definition and methodology to quantify. Many governments and organizations have attempted to construct frameworks for improving community resilience, particularly as related to the built environment. However, few of these frameworks explicitly consider the values and cultural aspects of marginalized communities that are potentially negatively disadvantaged due to colonialization or socio-economic deprivation. To date, little research has worked on integrating Maori cultural views into these resilience frameworks. Using survey results investigating Maori and New Zealand European cultural views on resilience and aspects of the built environment, it has been found that Maori value unity and community cohesion as aspects of resilience more than New Zealand Europeans. Further, communities can increase community cohesion and unity through adapting Maori Marae’s or communal gathering places to increase community resilience following a disaster.

year: 2022-07-01