title: Māori outcome evaluation: A kaupapa Māori, outcomes and indictors, framework and methodology

authors: Jefferies, Richard

subjects: New Zealand

abstract: Territorial local authorities (i.e. regional and district councils) are by law required to provide for Māori values and interests, and to undertake plan evaluation and environmental monitoring, to ensure that the provisions they have in place for these purposes are effective. Councils have not, however, had methods available that would enable them to meet these statutory obligations. This gap is filled by the framework and methods that we have developed and trialled over the past 5 years. The development and use of our Kaupapa Māori Environmental Outcomes and Indicators Framework and Methodology is the focus of this report.

text: Māori outcome evaluation: A kaupapa Māori, outcomes and indictors, framework and methodology Territorial local authorities (i.e. regional and district councils) are by law required to provide for Māori values and interests, and to undertake plan evaluation and environmental monitoring, to ensure that the provisions they have in place for these purposes are effective. Councils have not, however, had methods available that would enable them to meet these statutory obligations. This gap is filled by the framework and methods that we have developed and trialled over the past 5 years. The development and use of our Kaupapa Māori Environmental Outcomes and Indicators Framework and Methodology is the focus of this report.

year: 2009-06-30

title: Changes in the pronunciation of Māori and implications for teachers and learners of Māori

authors: Keegan, Peter J.

subjects: pronunciation of Maori

abstract: This paper discusses changes in the pronunciation of Māori and implications for teachers and learners of Māori. Data on changes in the pronunciation of Māori derives from the MAONZE project (Māori and New Zealand English with support from the Marsden fund). The project uses recordings from three sets of speakers to track changes in the pronunciation of Māori and evaluate influence from English. Results from the project show changes in both vowel quality and vowel duration and some evidence of diphthong mergers in pairs such as ai/ae and ou/au, especially amongst the younger speakers. In terms of duration the younger speakers are producing smaller length distinctions between long/short vowel pairs other than /ā, a/. We discuss the implications of such changes for those teaching Māori and for students learning Māori as a subject. These changes raise interesting questions concerning the pronunciation of Māori by future generations.

text: Changes in the pronunciation of Māori and implications for teachers and learners of Māori This paper discusses changes in the pronunciation of Māori and implications for teachers and learners of Māori. Data on changes in the pronunciation of Māori derives from the MAONZE project (Māori and New Zealand English with support from the Marsden fund). The project uses recordings from three sets of speakers to track changes in the pronunciation of Māori and evaluate influence from English. Results from the project show changes in both vowel quality and vowel duration and some evidence of diphthong mergers in pairs such as ai/ae and ou/au, especially amongst the younger speakers. In terms of duration the younger speakers are producing smaller length distinctions between long/short vowel pairs other than /ā, a/. We discuss the implications of such changes for those teaching Māori and for students learning Māori as a subject. These changes raise interesting questions concerning the pronunciation of Māori by future generations.

year: 2009

title: Latin squares with no transversals

authors: Cavenagh, Nicholas J.

subjects: Science & Technology

abstract: Ak-plex in a latin square of ordernis a selection of kn entries that includes k representatives from each row and column and k occurrences of each symbol.  A 1-plex is also known as a transversal.
It is well known that if n is even then Bₙ,  the addition table for the integers modulo n,  possesses no transversals.  We show that there are a great many latin squares that are similar to Bₙ and have no transversal.  As a consequence, the number of species of transversal-free latin squares is shown to be at least nⁿ³⁼²⁽¹⁼²ᵒ⁽¹⁾ for even n→∞.
We also produce various constructions for latin squares that have no transversal but do have a k-plex for some odd k >1.  We prove a 2002 conjecture of the second author that for all even orders n >4 there is a latin square of order n that contains a 3-plex but no transversal.  We also show that for odd k and m≥2, there exists a latin square of order 2km with a k-plex but no k'-plex for odd k'< k.

text: Latin squares with no transversals Ak-plex in a latin square of ordernis a selection of kn entries that includes k representatives from each row and column and k occurrences of each symbol.  A 1-plex is also known as a transversal.
It is well known that if n is even then Bₙ,  the addition table for the integers modulo n,  possesses no transversals.  We show that there are a great many latin squares that are similar to Bₙ and have no transversal.  As a consequence, the number of species of transversal-free latin squares is shown to be at least nⁿ³⁼²⁽¹⁼²ᵒ⁽¹⁾ for even n→∞.
We also produce various constructions for latin squares that have no transversal but do have a k-plex for some odd k >1.  We prove a 2002 conjecture of the second author that for all even orders n >4 there is a latin square of order n that contains a 3-plex but no transversal.  We also show that for odd k and m≥2, there exists a latin square of order 2km with a k-plex but no k'-plex for odd k'< k.

year: 2017