title: Structural behaviour of cold-formed stainless steel channel lipped sections with edge-stiffened holes, un-stiffened holes, and plain webs  subjected to axial compression

authors: Sengundham Dinesh, Gagan

abstract: In recent years, stainless steel has seen increased use in construction due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, especially in structural elements like channel sections, hollow pipes, and angles. Cold-formed stainless steel (CFSS) channel sections with edge-stiffened web holes have emerged as a significant development in the construction industry, with a focus on streamlining the installation of plumbing and electrical services. Previous research indicated that these edge stiffened web holes offer comparable axial capacity to plain webs in cold-formed steel (CFS) channel columns. In building industry, stiffening of the web hole is very common, which results in increase of the load carrying capacity of the stainless-steel column. However, no comprehensive study has been reported in the literature for such stainless-steel column subjected to compression. This paper investigates the axial capacity of the stainless-steel column with unstiffened and edge-stiffened web holes.
A non-linear finite element (FE) model is developed and validated against the experimental results available in the literature. An extensive parametric study is conducted based on 2016 validated FE models. EN 1.4509 (Ferritic), EN 1.4462 (Duplex) and EN 1.4301 (Austenitic) grades of stainless steel are considered for the current study. Subsequently, parametric study results are compared with guidelines available for stainless steel in the standards, namely AS/NZS 4600: 2018, ASCE: 08, AISI. Finally, a modified EWM and DSM equations are proposed for the CFSS section with edge-stiffened web holes. Finally, a reliability analysis was conducted to ensure that the proposed equation could be reliable.

text: Structural behaviour of cold-formed stainless steel channel lipped sections with edge-stiffened holes, un-stiffened holes, and plain webs  subjected to axial compression In recent years, stainless steel has seen increased use in construction due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, especially in structural elements like channel sections, hollow pipes, and angles. Cold-formed stainless steel (CFSS) channel sections with edge-stiffened web holes have emerged as a significant development in the construction industry, with a focus on streamlining the installation of plumbing and electrical services. Previous research indicated that these edge stiffened web holes offer comparable axial capacity to plain webs in cold-formed steel (CFS) channel columns. In building industry, stiffening of the web hole is very common, which results in increase of the load carrying capacity of the stainless-steel column. However, no comprehensive study has been reported in the literature for such stainless-steel column subjected to compression. This paper investigates the axial capacity of the stainless-steel column with unstiffened and edge-stiffened web holes.
A non-linear finite element (FE) model is developed and validated against the experimental results available in the literature. An extensive parametric study is conducted based on 2016 validated FE models. EN 1.4509 (Ferritic), EN 1.4462 (Duplex) and EN 1.4301 (Austenitic) grades of stainless steel are considered for the current study. Subsequently, parametric study results are compared with guidelines available for stainless steel in the standards, namely AS/NZS 4600: 2018, ASCE: 08, AISI. Finally, a modified EWM and DSM equations are proposed for the CFSS section with edge-stiffened web holes. Finally, a reliability analysis was conducted to ensure that the proposed equation could be reliable.

year: 2024-05-10

title: Locked into legitimacy: a study of the place of values in politics & society

authors: Bedggood, David

abstract: The object of this thesis is the analysis of the nature, extent and origins of political beliefs and their particular role in legitimising state authority in New Zealand. In the first part two general approaches to the problem of legitimacy are considered. The first, associated with Western ‘social science’, assumes that democracy is representative of all interest groups, and is characterised by shared norms and procedures termed the ‘civic culture’. The author examines the evidence and shows that there are no valid empirical grounds in support of this assumption. The second approach, associated with Marxism, makes the reverse assumption, that the working-class in liberal democracies continues to be exploited, and that allegiance to the state in the working-class is less the consequence of ‘free choice’ than of system constraint.

In the second part the author attempts to develop a model of the causal influences which shaped the political beliefs of the working-class in New Zealand history. An assessment of the historical and contemporary evidence shows that the ‘loyalty’ of the majority of the working-class to the state was as much the product of physical, legal and symbolic constraints, as that of social mobility, rising, living standards, and welfare provisions. The author concludes that the forces which shape political consciousness in New Zealand society have been centralised and consolidated by the state as a hegemonic culture pre-empting freedom of political choice.

text: Locked into legitimacy: a study of the place of values in politics & society The object of this thesis is the analysis of the nature, extent and origins of political beliefs and their particular role in legitimising state authority in New Zealand. In the first part two general approaches to the problem of legitimacy are considered. The first, associated with Western ‘social science’, assumes that democracy is representative of all interest groups, and is characterised by shared norms and procedures termed the ‘civic culture’. The author examines the evidence and shows that there are no valid empirical grounds in support of this assumption. The second approach, associated with Marxism, makes the reverse assumption, that the working-class in liberal democracies continues to be exploited, and that allegiance to the state in the working-class is less the consequence of ‘free choice’ than of system constraint.

In the second part the author attempts to develop a model of the causal influences which shaped the political beliefs of the working-class in New Zealand history. An assessment of the historical and contemporary evidence shows that the ‘loyalty’ of the majority of the working-class to the state was as much the product of physical, legal and symbolic constraints, as that of social mobility, rising, living standards, and welfare provisions. The author concludes that the forces which shape political consciousness in New Zealand society have been centralised and consolidated by the state as a hegemonic culture pre-empting freedom of political choice.

year: 1974

title: 'Reclaiming the Ancient Feminine in Māori Society.' 'Kei wareware i a tātou te Ūkaipō!'

authors: Yates-Smith, Aroha

subjects: Atua wāhine

abstract: With our constant interface with the threat of globalisation, it is timely that we reflect on the words of an ancient god who advised his brother, Tāne, to return to their mother, Papatūānuku (Best, 1923, p. 111). His words, which translate loosely as ‘lest we forget the Mother who nurtured us at her breast,’ remind us of the importance of considering the feminine, respecting our Earth Mother, and not taking either for granted.

This paper addresses several issues pertaining to the Māori feminine. The discussion of these will begin with a brief reflection on the importance of balance between the male and female in Māori cosmogony and the marginalisation of the feminine as a result of two hundred years of colonisation. The principal focus of the article as a whole will be the last two decades and the efforts made to address some of the negative effects brought about by colonisation, which could be described as forming the first waves in the tide of globalisation.

The key for the ordering of Māori society lay within our cosmogonic beginnings. Recent studies of Māori cosmology reveal that both male and female deities held prominent positions in the pantheon of gods (Yates-Smith, 1998). There was a strong presence of the feminine at the embryonic stage of Māori society.

text: 'Reclaiming the Ancient Feminine in Māori Society.' 'Kei wareware i a tātou te Ūkaipō!' With our constant interface with the threat of globalisation, it is timely that we reflect on the words of an ancient god who advised his brother, Tāne, to return to their mother, Papatūānuku (Best, 1923, p. 111). His words, which translate loosely as ‘lest we forget the Mother who nurtured us at her breast,’ remind us of the importance of considering the feminine, respecting our Earth Mother, and not taking either for granted.

This paper addresses several issues pertaining to the Māori feminine. The discussion of these will begin with a brief reflection on the importance of balance between the male and female in Māori cosmogony and the marginalisation of the feminine as a result of two hundred years of colonisation. The principal focus of the article as a whole will be the last two decades and the efforts made to address some of the negative effects brought about by colonisation, which could be described as forming the first waves in the tide of globalisation.

The key for the ordering of Māori society lay within our cosmogonic beginnings. Recent studies of Māori cosmology reveal that both male and female deities held prominent positions in the pantheon of gods (Yates-Smith, 1998). There was a strong presence of the feminine at the embryonic stage of Māori society.

year: 2003