title: Methodological limitations in the evaluation of policies to reduce nitrate leaching from New Zealand agriculture

authors: Doole, Graeme J.

subjects: calibration

abstract: The land-use optimisation framework, NZFARM, has been promoted as a tool that can be used to assess the economic and environmental impacts of policy on regional land use. This paper outlines how methodological limitations presently restrict its capacity to provide meaningful insight into the relative value of alternative land-use configurations. The model is calibrated using positive mathematical programming, which has been shown in the literature to result in models that yield arbitrary output outside of the calibrated baseline. There is a high likelihood that this is the case, as no validation appears to have been carried out. Significant model development will be required before NZFARM outputs can be used with any confidence to inform future policy development. We conclude with suggestions on how NZFARM and models of its kind can be further developed to improve their capacity for meaningful simulation.

text: Methodological limitations in the evaluation of policies to reduce nitrate leaching from New Zealand agriculture The land-use optimisation framework, NZFARM, has been promoted as a tool that can be used to assess the economic and environmental impacts of policy on regional land use. This paper outlines how methodological limitations presently restrict its capacity to provide meaningful insight into the relative value of alternative land-use configurations. The model is calibrated using positive mathematical programming, which has been shown in the literature to result in models that yield arbitrary output outside of the calibrated baseline. There is a high likelihood that this is the case, as no validation appears to have been carried out. Significant model development will be required before NZFARM outputs can be used with any confidence to inform future policy development. We conclude with suggestions on how NZFARM and models of its kind can be further developed to improve their capacity for meaningful simulation.

year: 2013

title: Clustering of research papers based on sentence roles

authors: Fukuda, Satoshi

abstract: In an academic paper search, particularly a search to confirm the originality of a us-er’s research and to create survey articles, it is important that the search returns com-prehensive results related to the user’s information need. [1] proposes a method for efficiently selecting relevant research papers from a vast abstract set, which is based on a topic model and search formula created by the user. In this paper, we construct a system that visually expresses categories included in the reduced set of papers from [1], using a clustering based on the user’s information need and selecting clusters having relevant papers. To generate the clusters based on the user’s information need, it is important to know which structures (such as “background” and “method”) in the abstract are relevant to the information need. This is based on the knowledge that if a user searches the papers related to the automatic construction of a thesaurus, he/she will judge whether a paper is relevant from sentences in the abstract describing the research purpose and method. We therefore propose a method using only the sentence content that matches the information need in the clustering.

text: Clustering of research papers based on sentence roles In an academic paper search, particularly a search to confirm the originality of a us-er’s research and to create survey articles, it is important that the search returns com-prehensive results related to the user’s information need. [1] proposes a method for efficiently selecting relevant research papers from a vast abstract set, which is based on a topic model and search formula created by the user. In this paper, we construct a system that visually expresses categories included in the reduced set of papers from [1], using a clustering based on the user’s information need and selecting clusters having relevant papers. To generate the clusters based on the user’s information need, it is important to know which structures (such as “background” and “method”) in the abstract are relevant to the information need. This is based on the knowledge that if a user searches the papers related to the automatic construction of a thesaurus, he/she will judge whether a paper is relevant from sentences in the abstract describing the research purpose and method. We therefore propose a method using only the sentence content that matches the information need in the clustering.

year: 2018

title: Te kākahu whakataratara o Ngāi Tūhoe: Ko te reo ōkawa, ko te reo o te marae

authors: McFarland, Agnes

subjects: Reo Māori

abstract: Ko te reo ōkawa ara ko te reo o te marae, he reo hōhonu. Ka mutu, he tapu katoa ōna āhuatanga katoa. E rua ngā kōrero whakatau o runga i te marae. Ko te karanga me te whaikōrero. Kai roto i wēneki reo e rua, ka ahu mai te kupu nei te poroporoaki. Ka āta tirohia te poroporoaki i roto i ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki ngā tikanga o te karanga. Whai muri ka titiro ki te wāhanga o te poroporoaki i roto i te whaikōrero. Mā wēneki tikanga e rua, ka whakaputaina ngā whakaaro me te hōhonutanga o te mamae o te ngākau pōuri ka ea hoki te mamae. Ka tiro ake tātau ki ngā take i whakaputaina, ngā tohutohu ā rātau mā me ngā rongo o te wairua o te kupu kōrero. Tae atu hoki ki te tohungatanga ki te whakatakoto i te rerenga kupu mai i ngā whatumanawa o ngā kuia me ngā kaumātua ō Ngāi Tūhoe. Nō reira, ka titiro ake tātau ki ngā momo āhuatanga katoa o te karanga. Whai muri ko ngā tikanga e pā ana ki te whaikōrero. Whai muri, ko wētahi atu tūmomo tauira mō te poroporoaki.

text: Te kākahu whakataratara o Ngāi Tūhoe: Ko te reo ōkawa, ko te reo o te marae Ko te reo ōkawa ara ko te reo o te marae, he reo hōhonu. Ka mutu, he tapu katoa ōna āhuatanga katoa. E rua ngā kōrero whakatau o runga i te marae. Ko te karanga me te whaikōrero. Kai roto i wēneki reo e rua, ka ahu mai te kupu nei te poroporoaki. Ka āta tirohia te poroporoaki i roto i ngā whakaaro e pā ana ki ngā tikanga o te karanga. Whai muri ka titiro ki te wāhanga o te poroporoaki i roto i te whaikōrero. Mā wēneki tikanga e rua, ka whakaputaina ngā whakaaro me te hōhonutanga o te mamae o te ngākau pōuri ka ea hoki te mamae. Ka tiro ake tātau ki ngā take i whakaputaina, ngā tohutohu ā rātau mā me ngā rongo o te wairua o te kupu kōrero. Tae atu hoki ki te tohungatanga ki te whakatakoto i te rerenga kupu mai i ngā whatumanawa o ngā kuia me ngā kaumātua ō Ngāi Tūhoe. Nō reira, ka titiro ake tātau ki ngā momo āhuatanga katoa o te karanga. Whai muri ko ngā tikanga e pā ana ki te whaikōrero. Whai muri, ko wētahi atu tūmomo tauira mō te poroporoaki.

year: 2012-05