title: Towards an explanation and prediction of residential movement: An examination of the concept of sectoral movement, Adams restricted image causal hypothesis, and the initial development of a predictive statistical model of restricted lateral movement

authors: Poulsen, Michael F.

abstract: Adams (1969) argues that movers possess a restricted sectoral image of the city based upon their home sector. This image operates to restrict a household’s movement to its home sector. This research examines that particular causal hypothesis in terms of its theoretical basis and tests its explanatory role for patterns of movement of mover households to ownership property in Hamilton, New Zealand. On both counts Adams’ causal hypothesis is strongly criticized, as is the usage of the sectoral form in the measurement of restricted lateral movement. Instead a corridor from of measurement is proposed and used.

From a study of variables related to the personal characteristics of the mover and the relocation decision process it is argued that mover households who move within their home corridor do so because they hold locational attachments to their home area. Locational attachments are seen to develop as a function of the mover household’s age and/or previous ownership of property in that area. Non-corridor movers lack locational attachments due to their youth and/or first time ownership. For Hamilton a statistical model based upon locational attachments, personal characteristics, and relocation decision process variables is developed, which attempts to explain corridor and non-corridor movement.

text: Towards an explanation and prediction of residential movement: An examination of the concept of sectoral movement, Adams restricted image causal hypothesis, and the initial development of a predictive statistical model of restricted lateral movement Adams (1969) argues that movers possess a restricted sectoral image of the city based upon their home sector. This image operates to restrict a household’s movement to its home sector. This research examines that particular causal hypothesis in terms of its theoretical basis and tests its explanatory role for patterns of movement of mover households to ownership property in Hamilton, New Zealand. On both counts Adams’ causal hypothesis is strongly criticized, as is the usage of the sectoral form in the measurement of restricted lateral movement. Instead a corridor from of measurement is proposed and used.

From a study of variables related to the personal characteristics of the mover and the relocation decision process it is argued that mover households who move within their home corridor do so because they hold locational attachments to their home area. Locational attachments are seen to develop as a function of the mover household’s age and/or previous ownership of property in that area. Non-corridor movers lack locational attachments due to their youth and/or first time ownership. For Hamilton a statistical model based upon locational attachments, personal characteristics, and relocation decision process variables is developed, which attempts to explain corridor and non-corridor movement.

year: 1974

title: The Effect of Nitrate Supplementation on Cycling Performance in the Heat in Well-Trained Cyclists

authors: McQuillan, Joseph A.

abstract: Purpose:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of NO₃⁻ consumption on measures of perception, thermoregulation and cycling performance in hot conditions.

Methods:
Using a randomised, double-blind, crossover-design, 8 well-trained cyclists (mean ± SD: age: 25 ± 8 y, V̇O2peak: 64 ± 5 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) performed 2 separate trials, in hot (35°C, 60% relative humidity) environments, having ingested either 140 ml NO3--rich beetroot juice ~8 mmol NO₃⁻ (NIT), or placebo (PLA), daily for 3-days with a 7-day washout period separating trials. Trials consisted of 2 × 10 min bouts at 40 and 60% peak power output (PPO) to determine physiological and perceptual responses in the heat, followed by a 4 km cycling time-trial.

Results:
Basal [nitrite] was substantially elevated in NIT (2.70 ± 0.98 μM) vs PLA (1.10 ± 0.61 μM) resulting in a most likely (ES = 1.58 ± 0.93) increase after 3-days. There was a very likely trivial increase in rectal temperature [Tᵣₑ] in NIT at 40% (PLA;37.4 ± 0.2°C vs NIT;37.5 ± 0.3°C, 0.1 ± 0.2°C) and 60% (PLA;37.8 ± 0.2°C vs NIT;37.9 ± 0.3°C, 0.1 ± 0.2°C) PPO. Cycling performance was similar between trials (PLA;336 ± 45 W vs NIT;337 ± 50 W, CV±95%CL; 0.2 ± 2.5%). Outcomes for heart rate, and perceptual measures were unclear across the majority of time-points.

Conclusions:
Three days of NO₃⁻ supplementation, resulted in small increases in Tᵣₑ during low- to moderate-intensity exercise, however this did not appear to influence 4 km cycling time-trial performance in hot climates.

text: The Effect of Nitrate Supplementation on Cycling Performance in the Heat in Well-Trained Cyclists Purpose:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of NO₃⁻ consumption on measures of perception, thermoregulation and cycling performance in hot conditions.

Methods:
Using a randomised, double-blind, crossover-design, 8 well-trained cyclists (mean ± SD: age: 25 ± 8 y, V̇O2peak: 64 ± 5 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) performed 2 separate trials, in hot (35°C, 60% relative humidity) environments, having ingested either 140 ml NO3--rich beetroot juice ~8 mmol NO₃⁻ (NIT), or placebo (PLA), daily for 3-days with a 7-day washout period separating trials. Trials consisted of 2 × 10 min bouts at 40 and 60% peak power output (PPO) to determine physiological and perceptual responses in the heat, followed by a 4 km cycling time-trial.

Results:
Basal [nitrite] was substantially elevated in NIT (2.70 ± 0.98 μM) vs PLA (1.10 ± 0.61 μM) resulting in a most likely (ES = 1.58 ± 0.93) increase after 3-days. There was a very likely trivial increase in rectal temperature [Tᵣₑ] in NIT at 40% (PLA;37.4 ± 0.2°C vs NIT;37.5 ± 0.3°C, 0.1 ± 0.2°C) and 60% (PLA;37.8 ± 0.2°C vs NIT;37.9 ± 0.3°C, 0.1 ± 0.2°C) PPO. Cycling performance was similar between trials (PLA;336 ± 45 W vs NIT;337 ± 50 W, CV±95%CL; 0.2 ± 2.5%). Outcomes for heart rate, and perceptual measures were unclear across the majority of time-points.

Conclusions:
Three days of NO₃⁻ supplementation, resulted in small increases in Tᵣₑ during low- to moderate-intensity exercise, however this did not appear to influence 4 km cycling time-trial performance in hot climates.

year: 2017

title: Hangaia te mātāpuna o te mōhio: learning foundations for Māori adults

authors: May, Stephen

subjects: Māori

abstract: Hangaia te mātāpuna o te mōhio can mean to build the precious gift of knowledge or to build the well-spring of learning. It symbolises the experience of Māori adults as they re-enter education to develop their literacy, language and numeracy. 
This report summarises three research projects that explore how success for Māori adults in the learning foundations of literacy, language and numeracy can be built on the foundations of Māori culture and identity.

text: Hangaia te mātāpuna o te mōhio: learning foundations for Māori adults Hangaia te mātāpuna o te mōhio can mean to build the precious gift of knowledge or to build the well-spring of learning. It symbolises the experience of Māori adults as they re-enter education to develop their literacy, language and numeracy. 
This report summarises three research projects that explore how success for Māori adults in the learning foundations of literacy, language and numeracy can be built on the foundations of Māori culture and identity.

year: 2009-08