title: Researching characteristics of people moving into and out of the Western Bay of Plenty and Tauranga districts: Some methodological issues

authors: Lidgard, Jacqueline

subjects: population

abstract: The Western Bay of Plenty (WBOP), has one of the fastest growing populations in New Zealand. This Discussion Paper details a methodology that has been used to conduct a survey of people moving into and out of the Western Bay of Plenty between October 2000 and September 2001.

text: Researching characteristics of people moving into and out of the Western Bay of Plenty and Tauranga districts: Some methodological issues The Western Bay of Plenty (WBOP), has one of the fastest growing populations in New Zealand. This Discussion Paper details a methodology that has been used to conduct a survey of people moving into and out of the Western Bay of Plenty between October 2000 and September 2001.

year: 2002-04

title: Expression of innate resistance factors in mammary secretion from periparturient dairy heifers and their association with subsequent infection status

authors: Compton, Chris W.R.

subjects: bovine

abstract: Mastitis in dairy heifers in the peripartum period is a common and costly problem for producers, and mammary innate resistance is of key importance in defense of the gland from bacterial invasion. A prospective observational study was undertaken in 97 dairy heifers to measure associations between expression of eight innate resistance factors in mammary secretions collected from the same animals within 14 days prior to calving and at calving, and intramammary infection (IMI) status at calving, and to describe changes in expression of these factors over time. Relative expression (RE) of eight candidate resistance mediator genes from cells from intramammary secretion was measured by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Glands which were IMI-free pre-calving and did not develop a new IMI had significantly higher RE of molecule possessing ankyrin-repeat (MAIL) and beta defensin (Bdef) genes compared to glands which subsequently did develop a new IMI. Also, Bdef RE increased up to the day of calving in glands that did not develop a new IMI, but was unresponsive in glands that did develop a new IMI. Relative expression of complement 5 alpha receptor, interleukin 1beta and interleukin 8 increased in glands that did develop a new IMI. Serum amyloid A3 and toll-like receptor 2 RE increased in all glands up to the day of calving. Transforming growth factor beta RE was not associated with new infection status or time relative to calving. These findings support further investigation of function and gene polymorphisms of MAIL and Bdef as potential markers of mastitis resistance in dairy heifers.

text: Expression of innate resistance factors in mammary secretion from periparturient dairy heifers and their association with subsequent infection status Mastitis in dairy heifers in the peripartum period is a common and costly problem for producers, and mammary innate resistance is of key importance in defense of the gland from bacterial invasion. A prospective observational study was undertaken in 97 dairy heifers to measure associations between expression of eight innate resistance factors in mammary secretions collected from the same animals within 14 days prior to calving and at calving, and intramammary infection (IMI) status at calving, and to describe changes in expression of these factors over time. Relative expression (RE) of eight candidate resistance mediator genes from cells from intramammary secretion was measured by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Glands which were IMI-free pre-calving and did not develop a new IMI had significantly higher RE of molecule possessing ankyrin-repeat (MAIL) and beta defensin (Bdef) genes compared to glands which subsequently did develop a new IMI. Also, Bdef RE increased up to the day of calving in glands that did not develop a new IMI, but was unresponsive in glands that did develop a new IMI. Relative expression of complement 5 alpha receptor, interleukin 1beta and interleukin 8 increased in glands that did develop a new IMI. Serum amyloid A3 and toll-like receptor 2 RE increased in all glands up to the day of calving. Transforming growth factor beta RE was not associated with new infection status or time relative to calving. These findings support further investigation of function and gene polymorphisms of MAIL and Bdef as potential markers of mastitis resistance in dairy heifers.

year: 2008

title: Changing the acculturation conversation: Indigenous cultural reclamation in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand

authors: Dudgeon, Pat

abstract: In constructing this chapter the authors make a claim for an Indigenous perspective that is grounded in decolonisation, the struggle for social justice, cultural reclamation and the development of Indigenous kowledges. This offers the opportunity to view acculturation and the associate research through a different lens. In taking this stance, a critical psychology, Indigenous standpoint approach is adopted, while also acknowledging earlier scholars who have attempted to accommodate Indigenous experiences within acculturation theory and the associated research (see for example, Kvernmo, 2006). This chapter begins with a critique of the acculturation framework and practice in researching the acculturation experience of Indigenous peoples. The chapter then presents findings and application to two contexts: Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. (Chapter 11 covers acculturation research in Australia and New Zealand and would thus be relevant to this chapter.) How acculturation research can be linked to cultural reclamation and reconciliation work is then examined.

text: Changing the acculturation conversation: Indigenous cultural reclamation in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand In constructing this chapter the authors make a claim for an Indigenous perspective that is grounded in decolonisation, the struggle for social justice, cultural reclamation and the development of Indigenous kowledges. This offers the opportunity to view acculturation and the associate research through a different lens. In taking this stance, a critical psychology, Indigenous standpoint approach is adopted, while also acknowledging earlier scholars who have attempted to accommodate Indigenous experiences within acculturation theory and the associated research (see for example, Kvernmo, 2006). This chapter begins with a critique of the acculturation framework and practice in researching the acculturation experience of Indigenous peoples. The chapter then presents findings and application to two contexts: Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. (Chapter 11 covers acculturation research in Australia and New Zealand and would thus be relevant to this chapter.) How acculturation research can be linked to cultural reclamation and reconciliation work is then examined.

year: 2016