title: A Comparison of Thailand and New Zealand Students’ Ideas About Energy Related to Technological and Societal Issues

authors: Yuenyong, Chokchai

abstract: This study is a cross-cultural comparison between the ideas of 49 Thai Grade 9 students and the 30 New Zealand Grade 9 students (approximately 15 years old), about energy related to technological and societal issues. Students’ ideas were explored using the Questionnaire for exploring Students’ ideas about Energy, Technological, and Societal issues (QSETS). The QSETS questionnaire gave students the opportunity to express their ideas about energy related to societal and technological issues. Both groups of students were presented with the same set of issues, but specific places were related to each student’s own country. The study reveals some interesting student ideas that might be generated from engaging in different contexts. It seemed that the 15-year-old students had difficulty in perceiving the relationship between the study of society and energy. Around 50% of both groups of students did not understand, and did not know enough about, questions which referred to the relationship between society and energy. Thai and New Zealand students held different values in decision-making. Thai students placed value on decisionmaking concerning the development of the country. They strongly believed in scientific application for solving social problems. New Zealand students valued decision-making in relation to environmental issues. They were not quite sure that scientific knowledge could solve problems. They thought that science applications caused damage to the environment. This study has implications for the development of teaching approaches in different countries.

text: A Comparison of Thailand and New Zealand Students’ Ideas About Energy Related to Technological and Societal Issues This study is a cross-cultural comparison between the ideas of 49 Thai Grade 9 students and the 30 New Zealand Grade 9 students (approximately 15 years old), about energy related to technological and societal issues. Students’ ideas were explored using the Questionnaire for exploring Students’ ideas about Energy, Technological, and Societal issues (QSETS). The QSETS questionnaire gave students the opportunity to express their ideas about energy related to societal and technological issues. Both groups of students were presented with the same set of issues, but specific places were related to each student’s own country. The study reveals some interesting student ideas that might be generated from engaging in different contexts. It seemed that the 15-year-old students had difficulty in perceiving the relationship between the study of society and energy. Around 50% of both groups of students did not understand, and did not know enough about, questions which referred to the relationship between society and energy. Thai and New Zealand students held different values in decision-making. Thai students placed value on decisionmaking concerning the development of the country. They strongly believed in scientific application for solving social problems. New Zealand students valued decision-making in relation to environmental issues. They were not quite sure that scientific knowledge could solve problems. They thought that science applications caused damage to the environment. This study has implications for the development of teaching approaches in different countries.

year: 2008

title: Short Intermolecular Phosphorus…Phosphorus Distances in the Crystal Structures of Bis{Bis(Perfluoroaryl)Phosphino}Methanes

authors: Saunders, Graham C.

subjects: Bis{bis(4-trifluoromethyltetrafluorophenyl)phosphino}methane

abstract: The crystal structure of bis{bis(4-trifluoromethyltetrafluorophenyl)phosphino}-methane 2 determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction comprises pairs of molecules related by an inversion center and possessing short P•••P distances. The molecular structure and the structure of the pairs are similar to those in the crystal structure of bis{bis(pentafluorophenyl)-phosphino}methane, although the packing is different. Comparison with the structures of bis(diphenylphosphino)methane and bis{bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine}difluoromethane suggests that intramolecular C–H•••F–C interactions are the most important factor in determining the presence of the short P•••P distances in the crystal structures of bis(diarylphosphino)methanes.

text: Short Intermolecular Phosphorus…Phosphorus Distances in the Crystal Structures of Bis{Bis(Perfluoroaryl)Phosphino}Methanes The crystal structure of bis{bis(4-trifluoromethyltetrafluorophenyl)phosphino}-methane 2 determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction comprises pairs of molecules related by an inversion center and possessing short P•••P distances. The molecular structure and the structure of the pairs are similar to those in the crystal structure of bis{bis(pentafluorophenyl)-phosphino}methane, although the packing is different. Comparison with the structures of bis(diphenylphosphino)methane and bis{bis(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine}difluoromethane suggests that intramolecular C–H•••F–C interactions are the most important factor in determining the presence of the short P•••P distances in the crystal structures of bis(diarylphosphino)methanes.

year: 2013

title: The government of themselves: Indigenous peoples' internal self-determination, effective self-governance and authentic representation - Waikato-Tainui, Ngāi Tahu and Nisga'a

authors: Joseph, Robert

abstract: The present thesis analyses the recognition and realisation of the international legal, human and the inherent right of Indigenous Peoples to exercise internal self-determination through effective self-governance within the nation-states of Canada and New Zealand. The following areas are reviewed in depth: first, internal self-determination which is, inter alia, about international fora and national governments recognising this fundamental right of Indigenous Peoples to self-govern as nations within; second, effective self-government which is, inter alia, about Indigenous Peoples having the authority and capability to govern themselves; and third, authentic representation which is, inter alia, a manifestation of internal self-determination and effective self-government at the indigenous local, regional and national operational levels. The challenges and issues that emerge at all levels, that is, between governments and indigenous entities, and within indigenous communities themselves, are examined extensively. The thesis findings highlight that the frequency and complexity of these challenges, as well as the inadequate and inappropriate fora and processes for resolution offered, make it incredibly difficult for Indigenous Peoples to recognise, realise and actualise the government of themselves.

text: The government of themselves: Indigenous peoples' internal self-determination, effective self-governance and authentic representation - Waikato-Tainui, Ngāi Tahu and Nisga'a The present thesis analyses the recognition and realisation of the international legal, human and the inherent right of Indigenous Peoples to exercise internal self-determination through effective self-governance within the nation-states of Canada and New Zealand. The following areas are reviewed in depth: first, internal self-determination which is, inter alia, about international fora and national governments recognising this fundamental right of Indigenous Peoples to self-govern as nations within; second, effective self-government which is, inter alia, about Indigenous Peoples having the authority and capability to govern themselves; and third, authentic representation which is, inter alia, a manifestation of internal self-determination and effective self-government at the indigenous local, regional and national operational levels. The challenges and issues that emerge at all levels, that is, between governments and indigenous entities, and within indigenous communities themselves, are examined extensively. The thesis findings highlight that the frequency and complexity of these challenges, as well as the inadequate and inappropriate fora and processes for resolution offered, make it incredibly difficult for Indigenous Peoples to recognise, realise and actualise the government of themselves.

year: 2005