title: Food rescue in New Zealand:  A sector in transformation

authors: Mulder, Megan

abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted New Zealand’s food rescue sector, exposing vulnerabilities and spurring opportunities. Through 18 qualitative interviews and secondary data, this report explores the post-pandemic changes in the sector. First, the food rescue ecosystem has been significantly reshaped through the emergence of new actors and an increase in actors creating new dynamics in the sector. Second, with the shifts in funding post-pandemic, organisations have been exploring new ways of generating revenue but are also struggling with infrastructural and resource issues. Third, to meet community needs, food rescue organisations have cultivated capacities to innovate new practices. Fourth, the sector is showing clear signs of professionalisation including the standardisation and normalisation of practices, the creation of frameworks and the emergence of clearer boundaries around the field. And fifth, our interviewees are raising questions about the purpose and raison d’être of the sector. 
Those changes highlight three main challenges for the sector. First, the sector is facing a number of paradoxical tensions: collaborating vs competing, efficiency vs relational focus, standardising vs improvising, food insecurity vs food waste and acting locally vs nationally. Although those tensions are not all entirely new, they have become increasingly salient post-COVID. Another challenge is the need for organisations to adapt to the constant changes and build resilience. And the third challenge requires thinking beyond the sector to address the systemic issues of food waste and food insecurity. Recognising and addressing those challenges is necessary for the food rescue to continue to develop and adapt but also to remain societally relevant.

text: Food rescue in New Zealand:  A sector in transformation The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted New Zealand’s food rescue sector, exposing vulnerabilities and spurring opportunities. Through 18 qualitative interviews and secondary data, this report explores the post-pandemic changes in the sector. First, the food rescue ecosystem has been significantly reshaped through the emergence of new actors and an increase in actors creating new dynamics in the sector. Second, with the shifts in funding post-pandemic, organisations have been exploring new ways of generating revenue but are also struggling with infrastructural and resource issues. Third, to meet community needs, food rescue organisations have cultivated capacities to innovate new practices. Fourth, the sector is showing clear signs of professionalisation including the standardisation and normalisation of practices, the creation of frameworks and the emergence of clearer boundaries around the field. And fifth, our interviewees are raising questions about the purpose and raison d’être of the sector. 
Those changes highlight three main challenges for the sector. First, the sector is facing a number of paradoxical tensions: collaborating vs competing, efficiency vs relational focus, standardising vs improvising, food insecurity vs food waste and acting locally vs nationally. Although those tensions are not all entirely new, they have become increasingly salient post-COVID. Another challenge is the need for organisations to adapt to the constant changes and build resilience. And the third challenge requires thinking beyond the sector to address the systemic issues of food waste and food insecurity. Recognising and addressing those challenges is necessary for the food rescue to continue to develop and adapt but also to remain societally relevant.

year: 2025

title: Network Simulation Cradle

authors: Jansen, Samuel Thomas

subjects: computer

abstract: This thesis proposes the use of real world network stacks instead of protocol
abstractions in a network simulator, bringing the actual code used in
computer systems inside the simulator and allowing for greater simulation
accuracy. Specifically, a framework called the Network Simulation
Cradle is created that supports the kernel source code from FreeBSD, OpenBSD
and Linux to make the network stacks from these systems available to the
popular network simulator ns-2.

Simulating with these real world network stacks reveals situations where the
result differs significantly from ns-2's TCP models. The simulated
network stacks are able to be directly compared to the same operating system
running on an actual machine, making validation simple. When measuring the
packet traces produced on a test network and in simulation the results are
nearly identical, a level of accuracy previously unavailable using traditional
TCP simulation models. The results of simulations run comparing ns-2 TCP
models and our framework are presented in this dissertation along with
validation studies of our framework showing how closely simulation resembles
real world computers.

Using real world stacks to simulate TCP is a complementary approach to using
the existing TCP models and provides an extra level of validation. This way of
simulating TCP and other protocols provides the network researcher or engineer
new possibilities. One example is using the framework as a protocol
development environment, which allows user-level development of protocols with
a standard set of reproducible tests, the ability to test scenarios which are
costly or impossible to build physically, and being able to trace and debug
the protocol code without affecting results.

text: Network Simulation Cradle This thesis proposes the use of real world network stacks instead of protocol
abstractions in a network simulator, bringing the actual code used in
computer systems inside the simulator and allowing for greater simulation
accuracy. Specifically, a framework called the Network Simulation
Cradle is created that supports the kernel source code from FreeBSD, OpenBSD
and Linux to make the network stacks from these systems available to the
popular network simulator ns-2.

Simulating with these real world network stacks reveals situations where the
result differs significantly from ns-2's TCP models. The simulated
network stacks are able to be directly compared to the same operating system
running on an actual machine, making validation simple. When measuring the
packet traces produced on a test network and in simulation the results are
nearly identical, a level of accuracy previously unavailable using traditional
TCP simulation models. The results of simulations run comparing ns-2 TCP
models and our framework are presented in this dissertation along with
validation studies of our framework showing how closely simulation resembles
real world computers.

Using real world stacks to simulate TCP is a complementary approach to using
the existing TCP models and provides an extra level of validation. This way of
simulating TCP and other protocols provides the network researcher or engineer
new possibilities. One example is using the framework as a protocol
development environment, which allows user-level development of protocols with
a standard set of reproducible tests, the ability to test scenarios which are
costly or impossible to build physically, and being able to trace and debug
the protocol code without affecting results.

year: 2008

title: Media psychology, symbolic power and social justice in Aotearoa

authors: Hodgetts, Darrin

subjects: media

abstract: Psychologists reside in a world saturated by media. We work in professional contexts where guidelines for practice foreground ethical obligations to address issues of social justice. This paper addresses both these contextual dimensions of psychological research and practice. We explore the social significance of increased media production by Maori in challenging the tendency in mainstream media to marginalize Maori concerns while promoting Pakeha perspectives. The analysis focuses on the recent 'Inside Out documentary - Hikoi', which was initiated by two young Maori women as a challenge to media framing of Maori protests as 'unjustified' and 'disruptive' acts. We illustrate how this documentary furthers public dialogue regarding the foreshore and seabed controversy by promoting an alternative depiction of a Maori protest, which emphasize the history of grievances and social unity. The implications of such representations for psychologists working to address issues of social justice and to challenge abuses of symbolic power are discussed.

text: Media psychology, symbolic power and social justice in Aotearoa Psychologists reside in a world saturated by media. We work in professional contexts where guidelines for practice foreground ethical obligations to address issues of social justice. This paper addresses both these contextual dimensions of psychological research and practice. We explore the social significance of increased media production by Maori in challenging the tendency in mainstream media to marginalize Maori concerns while promoting Pakeha perspectives. The analysis focuses on the recent 'Inside Out documentary - Hikoi', which was initiated by two young Maori women as a challenge to media framing of Maori protests as 'unjustified' and 'disruptive' acts. We illustrate how this documentary furthers public dialogue regarding the foreshore and seabed controversy by promoting an alternative depiction of a Maori protest, which emphasize the history of grievances and social unity. The implications of such representations for psychologists working to address issues of social justice and to challenge abuses of symbolic power are discussed.

year: 2004-11-19