title: The role of Adaptive Energy Digital Twin technology in decarbonising emissions in the New Zealand process heat sector

authors: Walmsley, Michael R.W.

subjects: process heat decarbonisation

abstract: New Zealand (NZ) is uniquely placed to meet the goal of net zero emissions in the industry sector by 2050, but only with an 80% expansion of renewable electricity generation (TWh) combined with energy efficiency improvements through advanced process heat integration, improved energy system design and control, future deployment of high temperature heat pumps (HTHP) for process heat up to 200oC and biomass for heat above 200oC, and smart integration of renewable electricity via microgrid connected factories and communities. The development of Adaptive Energy Digital Twin (AEDT) technology applied widely by energy consultants, equipment providers and factory owners, is considered a key development to aid industry decarbonisation. A seven-year research programme is underway in NZ to develop an open source AEDT technology platform and to demonstrate its usefulness for decarbonising a wide variety of industry sectors, such as dairy, meat, food, wood, paper, metals and chemical processing industries of NZ. Electricity supply and demand differences across the regions of NZ for 2020 and predicted for 2050 are also presented.

text: The role of Adaptive Energy Digital Twin technology in decarbonising emissions in the New Zealand process heat sector New Zealand (NZ) is uniquely placed to meet the goal of net zero emissions in the industry sector by 2050, but only with an 80% expansion of renewable electricity generation (TWh) combined with energy efficiency improvements through advanced process heat integration, improved energy system design and control, future deployment of high temperature heat pumps (HTHP) for process heat up to 200oC and biomass for heat above 200oC, and smart integration of renewable electricity via microgrid connected factories and communities. The development of Adaptive Energy Digital Twin (AEDT) technology applied widely by energy consultants, equipment providers and factory owners, is considered a key development to aid industry decarbonisation. A seven-year research programme is underway in NZ to develop an open source AEDT technology platform and to demonstrate its usefulness for decarbonising a wide variety of industry sectors, such as dairy, meat, food, wood, paper, metals and chemical processing industries of NZ. Electricity supply and demand differences across the regions of NZ for 2020 and predicted for 2050 are also presented.

year: 2023

title: An overview of mining in the Te Aroha mining district in the eighties

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: At the time of the first crushing, at the end of 1883, hopes for a prosperous goldfield were high because of its well-constructed tramway, water races, and battery and because of the many apparently payable mines. Within a few months, the field’s reputation had plummeted, as formerly promising ground had proved to be unpayable. It had become clear that the costs of carriage and treatment were too high and that a better method of treatment was required. Despite the many reports of good discoveries keeping hopes alive, fears spread that the field might not be permanent. Despite more prospecting and a second battery being erected, eventually, Waiorongomai’s fortunes failed to improve.
Two new mining areas were discovered, at Stoney Creek and, more significantly, at Tui, the latter being a consequence of a new interest in finding silver. As a lack of capital was recognized as being a significant handicap, overseas capital was sought, successfully, but without permanently reversing the decline in the district’s fortunes. Too much ground was held for speculation, and too little profitable mining took place.
Throughout the decade, both the county council and central government were beseeched to assist, and did so, especially by paying part of the cost of tracks into new areas. But by the end of the decade the prospects looked bleak.

text: An overview of mining in the Te Aroha mining district in the eighties At the time of the first crushing, at the end of 1883, hopes for a prosperous goldfield were high because of its well-constructed tramway, water races, and battery and because of the many apparently payable mines. Within a few months, the field’s reputation had plummeted, as formerly promising ground had proved to be unpayable. It had become clear that the costs of carriage and treatment were too high and that a better method of treatment was required. Despite the many reports of good discoveries keeping hopes alive, fears spread that the field might not be permanent. Despite more prospecting and a second battery being erected, eventually, Waiorongomai’s fortunes failed to improve.
Two new mining areas were discovered, at Stoney Creek and, more significantly, at Tui, the latter being a consequence of a new interest in finding silver. As a lack of capital was recognized as being a significant handicap, overseas capital was sought, successfully, but without permanently reversing the decline in the district’s fortunes. Too much ground was held for speculation, and too little profitable mining took place.
Throughout the decade, both the county council and central government were beseeched to assist, and did so, especially by paying part of the cost of tracks into new areas. But by the end of the decade the prospects looked bleak.

year: 2016

title: Ngā mana-kura-nui kei te ao wahine Māori

authors: Campbell, Hinehou

subjects: Wāhine Māori

abstract: ‘He wahine, he whenua e ora ai te tangata. He wahine, he whenua e mate ai te tangata!'
Ko te tino kaupapa o tēnei puawānanga, he rapu, he kimi hoki i ngā Mana-Kura-Nui kei Te Ao Wahine Māori. Ka āta tirohia ngā ingoa i tapaina ki ngā ao me ā rātau nā whakatipuranga, e puta ai ngā pūmanawa motuhake kei a te wahine, me ngā tauritenga mahi kei a te tāne rāua ko te wahine. 
Koirā ēnā ko Te Aoaonui, ko Te Kore, ko Te Pō, ki ngā Ao-Mārama ka heke ki Te Ao-Tūroa, ka hoki atu anō ki Te Pō, ki Te Muriwai-hou, ki Rarohenga. Ka āta rapua ngā tikanga kei aua ao, hei pou-herenga kōrero, ki waenga i ngā ao me ngā reanga whakatipu. Ko te kimi anō hoki i ngā tikanga i whakaū ai i ēnei Mana-Kura-Nui. Koia nei ētahi o aua tikanga ka āta tirohia i konei arā ko te toi o ngā mahi, te roi o ngā mata, te poi i ngā uri, te hoe i ngā tira, te koi o te hinengaro, te oi o te wairua, te kō o te reo, te ngoi o te mauri, me te kikokikotanga o te wahine.
Kua rangahautia ētahi kōrero mai i ngā kura koroiti, i ngā kete raukura, me ngā wānanga nui, o te ao Māori me i o te ao Pākehā. Ka tīmata mai i te pūtahitanga o ngā ao, o Te Kore, o Te Pō, o Te Māramatanga iti, o Te Awatea, o Te Ao-tūroa, me o Te Muriwai-hou. Ahakoa iti te whakaputa o ēnei ko te mea nui kē, arā ko ngā tauritenga kōrero, tauritenga tikanga, atu i ngā ao o Tauiwi mā ki ō tātau. Nā ka āta wānanga kia mōhio ai te kaipānui ki ngā ritenga me ngā rerekētanga kei aua ao e hāngai ana ki te wahine Māori.
Ko ētahi o ngā whakamārama kei te reo o tauiwi, itiiti noa nei ēnā. Ka mau hoki ki te whakaaro Māori, hei taonga here i te ngako o ngā kōrero me i o ngā tikanga. Ka āta rapua mai i roto i ngā whakapapa, karakia, waiata, pōkeka, tauparapara, kōrerorero, kupu whakaari, whakataukī hoki, me ngā waituhi, waitohu o te ao wahine Māori. Ka haria mai anō hoki e te kaituhi ēnei waituhi kia puta ko ngā whakaaro nui o te wahine Māori i roto hoki i Te Ao-hurihuri.
He mea hou ki ngā taringa o te kaituhi, ki te whakarongo ki te wahine e whakaputa ana i tōna nui. Koia tēnei ka haria mai e te kaituhi ōna whakakitenga nui, ka tāpiri atu ki ērā o ngā hākui, hākoro o ngā wānanga nui, inā ka tuia ēnei kōrero kia tina.
“He hapū ki te wahine, e kapi ai te ao,
he tauā ki te tāne, e ora ai te ao."
Waiho mā ngā tāne e whakaputa i te taha ki a rātau.

text: Ngā mana-kura-nui kei te ao wahine Māori ‘He wahine, he whenua e ora ai te tangata. He wahine, he whenua e mate ai te tangata!'
Ko te tino kaupapa o tēnei puawānanga, he rapu, he kimi hoki i ngā Mana-Kura-Nui kei Te Ao Wahine Māori. Ka āta tirohia ngā ingoa i tapaina ki ngā ao me ā rātau nā whakatipuranga, e puta ai ngā pūmanawa motuhake kei a te wahine, me ngā tauritenga mahi kei a te tāne rāua ko te wahine. 
Koirā ēnā ko Te Aoaonui, ko Te Kore, ko Te Pō, ki ngā Ao-Mārama ka heke ki Te Ao-Tūroa, ka hoki atu anō ki Te Pō, ki Te Muriwai-hou, ki Rarohenga. Ka āta rapua ngā tikanga kei aua ao, hei pou-herenga kōrero, ki waenga i ngā ao me ngā reanga whakatipu. Ko te kimi anō hoki i ngā tikanga i whakaū ai i ēnei Mana-Kura-Nui. Koia nei ētahi o aua tikanga ka āta tirohia i konei arā ko te toi o ngā mahi, te roi o ngā mata, te poi i ngā uri, te hoe i ngā tira, te koi o te hinengaro, te oi o te wairua, te kō o te reo, te ngoi o te mauri, me te kikokikotanga o te wahine.
Kua rangahautia ētahi kōrero mai i ngā kura koroiti, i ngā kete raukura, me ngā wānanga nui, o te ao Māori me i o te ao Pākehā. Ka tīmata mai i te pūtahitanga o ngā ao, o Te Kore, o Te Pō, o Te Māramatanga iti, o Te Awatea, o Te Ao-tūroa, me o Te Muriwai-hou. Ahakoa iti te whakaputa o ēnei ko te mea nui kē, arā ko ngā tauritenga kōrero, tauritenga tikanga, atu i ngā ao o Tauiwi mā ki ō tātau. Nā ka āta wānanga kia mōhio ai te kaipānui ki ngā ritenga me ngā rerekētanga kei aua ao e hāngai ana ki te wahine Māori.
Ko ētahi o ngā whakamārama kei te reo o tauiwi, itiiti noa nei ēnā. Ka mau hoki ki te whakaaro Māori, hei taonga here i te ngako o ngā kōrero me i o ngā tikanga. Ka āta rapua mai i roto i ngā whakapapa, karakia, waiata, pōkeka, tauparapara, kōrerorero, kupu whakaari, whakataukī hoki, me ngā waituhi, waitohu o te ao wahine Māori. Ka haria mai anō hoki e te kaituhi ēnei waituhi kia puta ko ngā whakaaro nui o te wahine Māori i roto hoki i Te Ao-hurihuri.
He mea hou ki ngā taringa o te kaituhi, ki te whakarongo ki te wahine e whakaputa ana i tōna nui. Koia tēnei ka haria mai e te kaituhi ōna whakakitenga nui, ka tāpiri atu ki ērā o ngā hākui, hākoro o ngā wānanga nui, inā ka tuia ēnei kōrero kia tina.
“He hapū ki te wahine, e kapi ai te ao,
he tauā ki te tāne, e ora ai te ao."
Waiho mā ngā tāne e whakaputa i te taha ki a rātau.

year: 1996