title: New ferrocene-derived hydroxymethylphosphines: FcP(CH₂OH)₂ [Fc=(η⁵-C₅H₅)Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄)] and the dppf analogue 1,1′-Fc′[P(CH₂OH)₂]₂ [Fc′=Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄)₂]

authors: Alley, Steven R.

subjects: ferrocene compounds

abstract: Reactions of the ferrocene-phosphines FcPH₂ and 1,1′-Fc′(PH₂)₂ with excess formaldehyde gives the new hydroxymethylphosphines FcP(CH₂OH)₂ 1 and 1,1′-Fc′[P(CH₂OH)₂]₂ 2, respectively. Phosphine 1 is an air-stable crystalline solid, whereas 2 is isolated as an oil. Reaction of 1 with H₂O₂, S₈ or Se gives the chalcogenide derivatives FcP(E)(CH₂OH)₂ (E=O, S or Se), whilst reaction of 2 with S8 gives 1,1′-Fc′[P(S)(CH₂OH)₂]₂, which were fully characterised. Phosphine 1 was also characterised by an X-ray crystal structure determination.

text: New ferrocene-derived hydroxymethylphosphines: FcP(CH₂OH)₂ [Fc=(η⁵-C₅H₅)Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄)] and the dppf analogue 1,1′-Fc′[P(CH₂OH)₂]₂ [Fc′=Fe(η⁵-C₅H₄)₂] Reactions of the ferrocene-phosphines FcPH₂ and 1,1′-Fc′(PH₂)₂ with excess formaldehyde gives the new hydroxymethylphosphines FcP(CH₂OH)₂ 1 and 1,1′-Fc′[P(CH₂OH)₂]₂ 2, respectively. Phosphine 1 is an air-stable crystalline solid, whereas 2 is isolated as an oil. Reaction of 1 with H₂O₂, S₈ or Se gives the chalcogenide derivatives FcP(E)(CH₂OH)₂ (E=O, S or Se), whilst reaction of 2 with S8 gives 1,1′-Fc′[P(S)(CH₂OH)₂]₂, which were fully characterised. Phosphine 1 was also characterised by an X-ray crystal structure determination.

year: 2001

title: Footstrike evaluation in male runners: A comparison of lateral and medial video views against traditional motion capture

authors: Mo, Shiwei

subjects: gait

abstract: Footstrike evaluation is essential for understanding running biomechanics and is often performed in research and clinical settings using 2D video analysis. However, whether it is appropriate to analyse both right-left footstrike patterns from a single sagittal plane video is unclear. This study compared medial and lateral video views in assessing footstrike pattern and footstrike angle, using a motion capture system as the gold standard. We analyzed 4,800 footfalls from 20 healthy recreational runners during self-paced treadmill running, recruited through convenient sampling. Footstrike angle agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and root mean square error (RMSE). The mean difference in footstrike angle between the gold standard and lateral view was 0.40° (95% limits of agreement: 6.05° to −5.25°), while the medial view showed a mean difference of −1.31° (95% limits: 8.37° to −10.99°). ICC values indicated excellent agreement for both lateral (0.979) and medial (0.940) views to the gold standard. RMSE was lower for the lateral (2.91°) than medial (5.11°) view, suggesting greater precision. Footstrike pattern classification was assessed using Cohen's kappa, revealing substantial agreement for the lateral view (κ = 0.785, p < 0.001) and good agreement for the medial view (κ = 0.606, p < 0.001). These results indicate that while both views demonstrate strong agreement, the lateral view aligns more closely with the gold standard in continuous and categorical assessments. Our findings suggest lateral video analysis may be preferable for footstrike evaluation in applied and clinical settings.

text: Footstrike evaluation in male runners: A comparison of lateral and medial video views against traditional motion capture Footstrike evaluation is essential for understanding running biomechanics and is often performed in research and clinical settings using 2D video analysis. However, whether it is appropriate to analyse both right-left footstrike patterns from a single sagittal plane video is unclear. This study compared medial and lateral video views in assessing footstrike pattern and footstrike angle, using a motion capture system as the gold standard. We analyzed 4,800 footfalls from 20 healthy recreational runners during self-paced treadmill running, recruited through convenient sampling. Footstrike angle agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and root mean square error (RMSE). The mean difference in footstrike angle between the gold standard and lateral view was 0.40° (95% limits of agreement: 6.05° to −5.25°), while the medial view showed a mean difference of −1.31° (95% limits: 8.37° to −10.99°). ICC values indicated excellent agreement for both lateral (0.979) and medial (0.940) views to the gold standard. RMSE was lower for the lateral (2.91°) than medial (5.11°) view, suggesting greater precision. Footstrike pattern classification was assessed using Cohen's kappa, revealing substantial agreement for the lateral view (κ = 0.785, p < 0.001) and good agreement for the medial view (κ = 0.606, p < 0.001). These results indicate that while both views demonstrate strong agreement, the lateral view aligns more closely with the gold standard in continuous and categorical assessments. Our findings suggest lateral video analysis may be preferable for footstrike evaluation in applied and clinical settings.

year: 2025-09

title: Te hau mihi ata mātauranga Māori and science - Literature review on the interface between mātauranga Māori and Science

authors: Joseph, Robert

abstract: The Te Hau Mihi Ata: Mātauranga Māori and Science research project (the research project) will explore ways to link mātauranga Māori and western science. The purpose of the research project is to open a new creative knowledge space to unleash innovative thinking and cross-cultural connection that is unique to New Zealand which can be a source of untapped economic, social, environmental and cultural potential. The historic marginalisation of alternative value and knowledge systems has prevented quality engagement and dialogue between these two knowledge systems in New Zealand. The research project will develop, inter alia, a new inter-cultural dialogue process between Māori educated in western-based science and experts in mātauranga Māori.

text: Te hau mihi ata mātauranga Māori and science - Literature review on the interface between mātauranga Māori and Science The Te Hau Mihi Ata: Mātauranga Māori and Science research project (the research project) will explore ways to link mātauranga Māori and western science. The purpose of the research project is to open a new creative knowledge space to unleash innovative thinking and cross-cultural connection that is unique to New Zealand which can be a source of untapped economic, social, environmental and cultural potential. The historic marginalisation of alternative value and knowledge systems has prevented quality engagement and dialogue between these two knowledge systems in New Zealand. The research project will develop, inter alia, a new inter-cultural dialogue process between Māori educated in western-based science and experts in mātauranga Māori.

year: 2008-11