title: Will the US Dollar Remain the Sole Key Global Reserve Currency in the Future? The Implications of Rising Debt, Unorthodox Monetary Policy and Emergence of Alternative Currencies.

authors: Merrill, Brenden

subjects: Us Dollar

abstract: This thesis studies two key risks that have the potential to dethrone the US dollar’s position as the dominant global reserve currency. Specifically, it contends the first risk stems from a future loss of confidence in the US dollar’s value from excessive indebtedness and unintended consequences from the implementation of unorthodox monetary policies. The second risk could come from other major states circumnavigating the US dollar by utilising and facilitating the rise of other reserve currencies. To examine these two risks, an interpretive methodological approach is utilised to study a wide variety of relevant qualitative and quantitative data. Based upon this, the thesis seeks to answer the following question: will the US dollar remain the sole key global reserve currency in the future? It finds that the US dollar is in danger of being dethroned and is unlikely to retain its position as the sole key global reserve currency. Yet, if managed properly by elected leaders, excessive indebtedness will not significantly affect the US dollar’s status. However, the rise of other currencies, most notably the Chinese Yuan and the inherent potential of new gold backed and cyber backed currencies, is a risk that cannot be completely mitigated. Therefore, in the future, the US dollar will likely lose its monopoly as the key reserve currency and have to be content with the US dollar being the first or second most important currency in a duplicity/multiplicity key reserve currency world.

text: Will the US Dollar Remain the Sole Key Global Reserve Currency in the Future? The Implications of Rising Debt, Unorthodox Monetary Policy and Emergence of Alternative Currencies. This thesis studies two key risks that have the potential to dethrone the US dollar’s position as the dominant global reserve currency. Specifically, it contends the first risk stems from a future loss of confidence in the US dollar’s value from excessive indebtedness and unintended consequences from the implementation of unorthodox monetary policies. The second risk could come from other major states circumnavigating the US dollar by utilising and facilitating the rise of other reserve currencies. To examine these two risks, an interpretive methodological approach is utilised to study a wide variety of relevant qualitative and quantitative data. Based upon this, the thesis seeks to answer the following question: will the US dollar remain the sole key global reserve currency in the future? It finds that the US dollar is in danger of being dethroned and is unlikely to retain its position as the sole key global reserve currency. Yet, if managed properly by elected leaders, excessive indebtedness will not significantly affect the US dollar’s status. However, the rise of other currencies, most notably the Chinese Yuan and the inherent potential of new gold backed and cyber backed currencies, is a risk that cannot be completely mitigated. Therefore, in the future, the US dollar will likely lose its monopoly as the key reserve currency and have to be content with the US dollar being the first or second most important currency in a duplicity/multiplicity key reserve currency world.

year: 2017

title: Research, Analysis and Insight into National Standards (RAINS) Project Final Report: National Standards and the Damage Done

authors: Thrupp, Martin

subjects: Education

abstract: This is the final report of the Research Analysis and Insight into National Standards (RAINS) project, a three-year study of the enactment of the National Standards policy in six diverse primary and intermediate schools. This report provides an overview discussion of the pros and cons of the National Standards policy as experienced by staff, children and parents in the RAINS schools. It summarises the policy and methodological background to the research and the findings of the two previous RAINS reports. The report is also being accompanied by online case studies and other data files.

text: Research, Analysis and Insight into National Standards (RAINS) Project Final Report: National Standards and the Damage Done This is the final report of the Research Analysis and Insight into National Standards (RAINS) project, a three-year study of the enactment of the National Standards policy in six diverse primary and intermediate schools. This report provides an overview discussion of the pros and cons of the National Standards policy as experienced by staff, children and parents in the RAINS schools. It summarises the policy and methodological background to the research and the findings of the two previous RAINS reports. The report is also being accompanied by online case studies and other data files.

year: 2013-11

title: Āta whakarongo: Understanding whānau experiences of audiology early intervention

authors: Dargaville, Cynthia Michelle

subjects: Māori

abstract: For tamariki with hearing loss, early intervention is of critical importance in maximising speech and language, socio-emotional and academic development outcomes. Better hearing outcomes can be achieved by minimising diagnosis delays and initiating intervention treatment as soon as possible. Preliminary data from Waikato District Health Board indicated an equity gap at the point of diagnosis with persisting inequities for tamariki Māori during the delivery of early intervention services. High rates of appointment non-attendance within this group (27% Māori vs. 8% for non-Māori) are a cause for concern when approximately 50% of total appointments are for tamariki Māori. This research seeks to understand the experiences of Māori whānau accessing Waikato’s Audiology Early Intervention Service in order to identify changes the service can make to improve Māori engagement in the future. This study uses qualitative methodologies within a kaupapa Māori framework to investigate the access experiences of Māori whānau of tamariki identified with hearing loss. Interviews with six whānau from Hamilton city and rural Waikato provided rich narratives to inform changes to the Audiology Service to improve the hearing outcomes of tamariki Māori. Whānau shared systems and practical barriers that contributed to challenges with attending appointments including the location, appointment timing, travel and parking. From entering an unwelcoming waiting area, whānau described the added stress experienced to the depth of their emotional response to the hearing loss diagnosis. All shared positive interactions with staff and detailed what could have made their health experience better. After leaning into the kōrero and connecting to the whānau experience, a Manaaki-based pathway is proposed to support Māori ways of being, to ease whānau through the barriers and to combat the alienating experiences of engaging with the health system.

text: Āta whakarongo: Understanding whānau experiences of audiology early intervention For tamariki with hearing loss, early intervention is of critical importance in maximising speech and language, socio-emotional and academic development outcomes. Better hearing outcomes can be achieved by minimising diagnosis delays and initiating intervention treatment as soon as possible. Preliminary data from Waikato District Health Board indicated an equity gap at the point of diagnosis with persisting inequities for tamariki Māori during the delivery of early intervention services. High rates of appointment non-attendance within this group (27% Māori vs. 8% for non-Māori) are a cause for concern when approximately 50% of total appointments are for tamariki Māori. This research seeks to understand the experiences of Māori whānau accessing Waikato’s Audiology Early Intervention Service in order to identify changes the service can make to improve Māori engagement in the future. This study uses qualitative methodologies within a kaupapa Māori framework to investigate the access experiences of Māori whānau of tamariki identified with hearing loss. Interviews with six whānau from Hamilton city and rural Waikato provided rich narratives to inform changes to the Audiology Service to improve the hearing outcomes of tamariki Māori. Whānau shared systems and practical barriers that contributed to challenges with attending appointments including the location, appointment timing, travel and parking. From entering an unwelcoming waiting area, whānau described the added stress experienced to the depth of their emotional response to the hearing loss diagnosis. All shared positive interactions with staff and detailed what could have made their health experience better. After leaning into the kōrero and connecting to the whānau experience, a Manaaki-based pathway is proposed to support Māori ways of being, to ease whānau through the barriers and to combat the alienating experiences of engaging with the health system.

year: 2023