title: Neogene stratigraphic architecture and tectonic evolution of Wanganui, King Country, and eastern Taranaki Basins, New Zealand

authors: Kamp, Peter J.J.

subjects: North Island

abstract: Analysis of the stratigraphic architecture of the fills of Wanganui, King Country, and eastern Taranaki Basins reveals the occurrence of five 2nd order Late Paleocene and Neogene sequences of tectonic origin. The oldest is the late Eocene-Oligocene Te Kuiti Sequence, followed by the early-early Miocene (Otaian) Mahoenui Sequence, followed by the late-early Miocene (Altonian) Mokau Sequence, all three in King Country Basin. The fourth is the middle Miocene to early Pliocene Whangamomona Sequence, and the fifth is the middle Pliocene-Pleistocene Rangitikei Sequence, both represented in the three basins. Higher order sequences (4th, 5th, 6th) with a eustatic origin occur particularly within the Whangamomona and Rangitikei Sequences, particularly those of 6th order with 41 000 yr periodicity.

text: Neogene stratigraphic architecture and tectonic evolution of Wanganui, King Country, and eastern Taranaki Basins, New Zealand Analysis of the stratigraphic architecture of the fills of Wanganui, King Country, and eastern Taranaki Basins reveals the occurrence of five 2nd order Late Paleocene and Neogene sequences of tectonic origin. The oldest is the late Eocene-Oligocene Te Kuiti Sequence, followed by the early-early Miocene (Otaian) Mahoenui Sequence, followed by the late-early Miocene (Altonian) Mokau Sequence, all three in King Country Basin. The fourth is the middle Miocene to early Pliocene Whangamomona Sequence, and the fifth is the middle Pliocene-Pleistocene Rangitikei Sequence, both represented in the three basins. Higher order sequences (4th, 5th, 6th) with a eustatic origin occur particularly within the Whangamomona and Rangitikei Sequences, particularly those of 6th order with 41 000 yr periodicity.

year: 2004-12-01

title: Transition experiences of first-year initial teacher education students: Barriers and enablers

authors: Amundsen, Diana Leigh

subjects: Transitions

abstract: Globally, schools and governments have strong expectations for Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programmes to prepare ‘profession-ready’ graduates (Charteris & Dargusch, 2018). Such demands require ITE students to go through various transition experiences during their endeavours to become teachers. This research explored the barriers and enablers for ITE students during their initial transition into a teacher education programme in a New Zealand context. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems model (1979), data were analysed to report barriers and enablers identified by students in their initial transition into teacher education. Bronfenbrenner’s ideas around layers of contexts offered appropriate explanations for how students’ dispositions and resources inter-related with features of the higher education learning environment. Data were gathered as part of a wider longitudinal project investigating well-being and resilience of people preparing for careers in caring professions. During phase one, ethical consent was gained to invite 60 ITE students to share an assignment completed six weeks into the beginning of their Bachelor of Teaching programme about their transitions into university. Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes related to experiences within each of Bronfenbrenner’s contexts. Transition enablers clustered around the individual and microsystem contexts, clearly highlighting how a ‘strong sense of purpose’ and ‘supportive family relationships’ facilitate effective transition experiences. Similarly, barriers were clustered within the individual and microsystems, although financial strain (attributed to the macrosystem context) also stood out as a significant transition barrier. The results of our research have highlighted both barriers and enablers to ITE programme student transitions. The challenge for teacher educators, ITE programmes, and higher education institutions more widely is to consider the extent to which they can acknowledge students’ lived realities, provide effective support to pre-empt or mitigate transition barriers, and promote students’ experiences of transition enablers. This presentation considers how these objectives might be achieved.

text: Transition experiences of first-year initial teacher education students: Barriers and enablers Globally, schools and governments have strong expectations for Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programmes to prepare ‘profession-ready’ graduates (Charteris & Dargusch, 2018). Such demands require ITE students to go through various transition experiences during their endeavours to become teachers. This research explored the barriers and enablers for ITE students during their initial transition into a teacher education programme in a New Zealand context. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems model (1979), data were analysed to report barriers and enablers identified by students in their initial transition into teacher education. Bronfenbrenner’s ideas around layers of contexts offered appropriate explanations for how students’ dispositions and resources inter-related with features of the higher education learning environment. Data were gathered as part of a wider longitudinal project investigating well-being and resilience of people preparing for careers in caring professions. During phase one, ethical consent was gained to invite 60 ITE students to share an assignment completed six weeks into the beginning of their Bachelor of Teaching programme about their transitions into university. Thematic analysis was used to identify emerging themes related to experiences within each of Bronfenbrenner’s contexts. Transition enablers clustered around the individual and microsystem contexts, clearly highlighting how a ‘strong sense of purpose’ and ‘supportive family relationships’ facilitate effective transition experiences. Similarly, barriers were clustered within the individual and microsystems, although financial strain (attributed to the macrosystem context) also stood out as a significant transition barrier. The results of our research have highlighted both barriers and enablers to ITE programme student transitions. The challenge for teacher educators, ITE programmes, and higher education institutions more widely is to consider the extent to which they can acknowledge students’ lived realities, provide effective support to pre-empt or mitigate transition barriers, and promote students’ experiences of transition enablers. This presentation considers how these objectives might be achieved.

year: 2020-11-19

title: Restructuring and hospital care: Sub-national trends, differentials, and their impacts; New Zealand from 1981

authors: Pool, Ian

abstract: An analysis of the "nation's health" is the central concern of this study. Its genesis was a detailed, technical, time-series research on regional and ethnic differentials in health in New Zealand. But as this work progressed it became increasingly evident that the results of this more narrow analysis could make a wider contribution to the development of a knowledge-base on health trends and on the impacts of policy on these. In a sense, the analysis provides a demographic audit of health trends over the last two decades.
The focus here is different from that in most other studies on restructuring of the New Zealand health system as their concern was either to review in detail the rewriting of policy per se, and attendant structural and institutional changes (Fougere 2001), or to identify how these changes relate to changes in mortality (Blakely et al. 2008). The research question reported here was, instead, to analyse the most crucial of health outcomes, „how long we live and how often we end up in hospital‟, identified in the earlier quotation, to report patterns and trends in hospital use nationally and sub-nationally over the period under review, and to determine the degrees to which various sub-populations benefited, or did not benefit, from these changes. The analysis focuses on the hospital sector in the system, but it will also show relations between this and other sectors, formal (e.g. primary health) and less formal (notably the healthcare afforded sickness and invalid beneficiaries). Thus two questions are addressed:
1. whether or not the nation‟s population health improved over the period and;
2. whether or not there was a convergence in patterns of health gain across its constituent sub-populations defined geographically and ethnically.
This monograph deals with sub-national differences in health in New Zealand over a period of substantial socio-economic restructuring and associated radical changes in health policy, health systems and their related information systems (see also, Text Appendix A). It complements the recently published analysis of national ethnic trends in mortality (Blakely et al. 2004), but differs in several critical respects. That study reviewed health status by emphasising aetiologies and causes of death. In contrast, the present analysis focuses on actuarial dimensions of both mortality and morbidity and on health as measured by functional capacity rather than the disease orientated „burden of disease‟. It goes beyond health status issues to look at the system itself, to assess whether health policy outcomes were generated more through efficiency-gain (economic or service delivery, such as those resulting in a convergence sub-nationally of supply and demand effects), or through health gains, or ideally, by both.
To do this, and as a by-product to analyse changes in health status and the system in an era of restructuring, innovative methodologies and composite time-series indices combining the two dimensions of a „nation‟s health‟, needing hospital care and longevity, have had to be custom-designed. To achieve this objective, the ensuing analysis is often technical, and may introduce concepts that are unfamiliar to some readers. In order to look at possible inequalities of outcome, comparisons were made between regions and ethnic groups, as well as age-groups and genders, and as a result, in places the analysis becomes rather complex.

text: Restructuring and hospital care: Sub-national trends, differentials, and their impacts; New Zealand from 1981 An analysis of the "nation's health" is the central concern of this study. Its genesis was a detailed, technical, time-series research on regional and ethnic differentials in health in New Zealand. But as this work progressed it became increasingly evident that the results of this more narrow analysis could make a wider contribution to the development of a knowledge-base on health trends and on the impacts of policy on these. In a sense, the analysis provides a demographic audit of health trends over the last two decades.
The focus here is different from that in most other studies on restructuring of the New Zealand health system as their concern was either to review in detail the rewriting of policy per se, and attendant structural and institutional changes (Fougere 2001), or to identify how these changes relate to changes in mortality (Blakely et al. 2008). The research question reported here was, instead, to analyse the most crucial of health outcomes, „how long we live and how often we end up in hospital‟, identified in the earlier quotation, to report patterns and trends in hospital use nationally and sub-nationally over the period under review, and to determine the degrees to which various sub-populations benefited, or did not benefit, from these changes. The analysis focuses on the hospital sector in the system, but it will also show relations between this and other sectors, formal (e.g. primary health) and less formal (notably the healthcare afforded sickness and invalid beneficiaries). Thus two questions are addressed:
1. whether or not the nation‟s population health improved over the period and;
2. whether or not there was a convergence in patterns of health gain across its constituent sub-populations defined geographically and ethnically.
This monograph deals with sub-national differences in health in New Zealand over a period of substantial socio-economic restructuring and associated radical changes in health policy, health systems and their related information systems (see also, Text Appendix A). It complements the recently published analysis of national ethnic trends in mortality (Blakely et al. 2004), but differs in several critical respects. That study reviewed health status by emphasising aetiologies and causes of death. In contrast, the present analysis focuses on actuarial dimensions of both mortality and morbidity and on health as measured by functional capacity rather than the disease orientated „burden of disease‟. It goes beyond health status issues to look at the system itself, to assess whether health policy outcomes were generated more through efficiency-gain (economic or service delivery, such as those resulting in a convergence sub-nationally of supply and demand effects), or through health gains, or ideally, by both.
To do this, and as a by-product to analyse changes in health status and the system in an era of restructuring, innovative methodologies and composite time-series indices combining the two dimensions of a „nation‟s health‟, needing hospital care and longevity, have had to be custom-designed. To achieve this objective, the ensuing analysis is often technical, and may introduce concepts that are unfamiliar to some readers. In order to look at possible inequalities of outcome, comparisons were made between regions and ethnic groups, as well as age-groups and genders, and as a result, in places the analysis becomes rather complex.

year: 2009