title: How is materials technology education shaped by teacher leadership within the technology department?

authors: Hawkins, Anthony

subjects: Technology Education

abstract: The New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 2007) introduced late 2007 was required to be fully implemented by 2011. Technology being one of the eight learning areas in The New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 2007) referred to as NZC (MoE, 2007) has been dominated by its own curriculum reform. Which has impacted on the way Technology departments across every New Zealand school implemented and planned the development of the new curriculum in their school. Technology departments will need to meet the NZC (MoE, 2007) requirements by planning implementation strategies with their staffs. The curriculum leadership and management of the HoD and those teachers who have a deeper understanding of technology in the NZC (MoE, 2007) will play a pivotal role in the survival of a learning area which has undergone significant developments to date. Technology departments will need to continue to deliver the current Technology in the New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 1995) referred to as TiNZC (MoE, 1995) and its revised amendments up until 2007 and manage the transition to face issues that must be met by the NZC (MoE, 2007) deadlines for full implementation of the NZC (MoE, 2007) in 2011. Can Technology as a learning area manage change in the near future? This will require an understanding of the technology curriculum developments in the NZC (MoE, 2007), of how technology departments function and how the leadership can influence the future of the technology education. Key questions put to HoDs which supported this investigation were: How was the TiNZC delivered in their school and how their department is implementing the NZC technology curriculum. And how is their HoD leading and managing the intended curriculum to shape the technology education in their school? This thesis is an investigation into: How is materials technology education shaped by teacher leadership within the technology department?

text: How is materials technology education shaped by teacher leadership within the technology department? The New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 2007) introduced late 2007 was required to be fully implemented by 2011. Technology being one of the eight learning areas in The New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 2007) referred to as NZC (MoE, 2007) has been dominated by its own curriculum reform. Which has impacted on the way Technology departments across every New Zealand school implemented and planned the development of the new curriculum in their school. Technology departments will need to meet the NZC (MoE, 2007) requirements by planning implementation strategies with their staffs. The curriculum leadership and management of the HoD and those teachers who have a deeper understanding of technology in the NZC (MoE, 2007) will play a pivotal role in the survival of a learning area which has undergone significant developments to date. Technology departments will need to continue to deliver the current Technology in the New Zealand Curriculum (MoE, 1995) referred to as TiNZC (MoE, 1995) and its revised amendments up until 2007 and manage the transition to face issues that must be met by the NZC (MoE, 2007) deadlines for full implementation of the NZC (MoE, 2007) in 2011. Can Technology as a learning area manage change in the near future? This will require an understanding of the technology curriculum developments in the NZC (MoE, 2007), of how technology departments function and how the leadership can influence the future of the technology education. Key questions put to HoDs which supported this investigation were: How was the TiNZC delivered in their school and how their department is implementing the NZC technology curriculum. And how is their HoD leading and managing the intended curriculum to shape the technology education in their school? This thesis is an investigation into: How is materials technology education shaped by teacher leadership within the technology department?

year: 2010

title: Sustainability Reporting in the Mining Industry

authors: Rae, Steven Michael

subjects: Sustainability

abstract: The purpose of this thesis was to examine the sustainability reporting of global mining companies. A review of prior literature indicated that sustainability has grown as a concept of interest in recent decades. Early studies concentrated on the characteristics of organisations producing sustainability reports and proffered different theories explaining why these reports are produced. While more recent research has focused on sustainability in the mining sector, no prior study had looked at the content of the sustainability reports of multiple mining organisations. This study, therefore,  provides greater understanding of the concepts and themes used within mining companies’ sustainability reports.
The study data drew on 104 electronically available sustainability reports collected from 32 mining companies covering the period 2010 to 2013. The mining companies were further classified according to their International Council on Mining and Minerals (ICMM) membership status. A content and thematic analysis was conducted using Leximancer software, a computer textual analysis program. The software analysed the data and produced concept findings, key themes, and concept maps from it.
The findings showed that the most frequently used concepts across all the sustainability reports were community, employees, local, production, and safety. At 27,727 interactions, the concept of community had the greatest number of interactions with other concepts. When the number of interactions was divided by the concept count, education was seen to have the highest number of interactions per concept appearance, followed by power, consumption, coal, and employment. The theme findings identified five theme groups: Community, Safety, Production, Water, and Employees. 
The summarised findings for the individual companies revealed variation across the different companies. The count percentage of the second most frequent concept, compared to the most frequent, ranged from 99% to 49%. The third most frequent concept’s average relevance score ranged from 97% 38%. When limiting the individual companies to their 5 most frequent concepts, 29 concepts were found to be in use across the 32 different companies. The most common concepts to rank in the top 5 overall were operations, ‘company name’, management, development, and mine.
The findings revealed 65 concepts across the 4 investigated years; 22 of these concepts were found to be common concepts. The study identified 17 top 10 ranked concepts for the 4-year period; however, 4 of these ranked consistently in the top 10. These were community, production, report, and local. The findings for the three different ICMM member categories revealed 19 concepts that ranked in the top 40 across all categories.  The concepts of community, employees, report, production, and local all had an average rank inside the top 10, regardless of ICMM membership. 
This study provided greater insight into the sustainability reporting practices of leading global mining companies. The findings revealed the concepts and themes that appeared within the sustainability reports. More research is needed to understand the different concepts and the reasons for the variability in reporting and reporting trends over time. This study has provided a preliminary review which can be used to better understand how mining companies are using sustainability reporting in light of the inherent paradox between sustainability and mining.

text: Sustainability Reporting in the Mining Industry The purpose of this thesis was to examine the sustainability reporting of global mining companies. A review of prior literature indicated that sustainability has grown as a concept of interest in recent decades. Early studies concentrated on the characteristics of organisations producing sustainability reports and proffered different theories explaining why these reports are produced. While more recent research has focused on sustainability in the mining sector, no prior study had looked at the content of the sustainability reports of multiple mining organisations. This study, therefore,  provides greater understanding of the concepts and themes used within mining companies’ sustainability reports.
The study data drew on 104 electronically available sustainability reports collected from 32 mining companies covering the period 2010 to 2013. The mining companies were further classified according to their International Council on Mining and Minerals (ICMM) membership status. A content and thematic analysis was conducted using Leximancer software, a computer textual analysis program. The software analysed the data and produced concept findings, key themes, and concept maps from it.
The findings showed that the most frequently used concepts across all the sustainability reports were community, employees, local, production, and safety. At 27,727 interactions, the concept of community had the greatest number of interactions with other concepts. When the number of interactions was divided by the concept count, education was seen to have the highest number of interactions per concept appearance, followed by power, consumption, coal, and employment. The theme findings identified five theme groups: Community, Safety, Production, Water, and Employees. 
The summarised findings for the individual companies revealed variation across the different companies. The count percentage of the second most frequent concept, compared to the most frequent, ranged from 99% to 49%. The third most frequent concept’s average relevance score ranged from 97% 38%. When limiting the individual companies to their 5 most frequent concepts, 29 concepts were found to be in use across the 32 different companies. The most common concepts to rank in the top 5 overall were operations, ‘company name’, management, development, and mine.
The findings revealed 65 concepts across the 4 investigated years; 22 of these concepts were found to be common concepts. The study identified 17 top 10 ranked concepts for the 4-year period; however, 4 of these ranked consistently in the top 10. These were community, production, report, and local. The findings for the three different ICMM member categories revealed 19 concepts that ranked in the top 40 across all categories.  The concepts of community, employees, report, production, and local all had an average rank inside the top 10, regardless of ICMM membership. 
This study provided greater insight into the sustainability reporting practices of leading global mining companies. The findings revealed the concepts and themes that appeared within the sustainability reports. More research is needed to understand the different concepts and the reasons for the variability in reporting and reporting trends over time. This study has provided a preliminary review which can be used to better understand how mining companies are using sustainability reporting in light of the inherent paradox between sustainability and mining.

year: 2016

title: Tū te turuturu nō Hine-te-iwaiwa: Mana wahine geographies of birth in Aotearoa New Zealand

authors: Simmonds, Naomi Beth

subjects: Mana wahine

abstract: This thesis examines the embodied, spiritual and spatial experiences of maternity for Māori women. It reveals how colonial and patriarchal discourses are embedded and embodied in the spaces of childbirth in Aotearoa New Zealand. I use a mana wahine (Māori women’s) framework to critique discourses that continue to marginalise and isolate Māori women and their whānau (family group) during their maternity experiences. Importantly, this research highlights the possibilities of reclaiming and reconfiguring mana wahine in both theory and practice. In doing so, I conceptualise new geographies that account for, and celebrate, uniquely Māori understandings and expressions of maternity. 
Mana wahine provides a much needed theoretical framework that enables Māori women to (re)define and (re)present our lived realities on our own terms. A qualitative mixed method approach of interviews, solicited diary writing and a marae based wānanga is employed to examine the lived experiences of birth for ten first time mothers, five midwives and a wānanga of 17 women and their whānau. In total 32 women participated in various phases of the research.
Empirical material is arranged around four key themes. The first considers the ways in which colonialism is lived and embodied in maternity experiences for many whānau. New formations of colonialism are evident in the silence that can surround the maternal body for women in this research. The second theme highlights how whakapapa (genealogy), wairua (spirituality), and whenua (land/placenta), can provide a powerful reconceptualisation of the maternal body that offers new possibilities for thinking about maternal embodiment, the spaces of birth (both material and discursive) and maternity policy and practice. Third, it is argued that many women and whānau occupy a number of in-between maternity spaces as a result of our colonised realities. As such, considerations of space from a mana wahine perspective can serve to destabilise the dualisms that dominate the spatial politics of birth in Aotearoa. Finally, this thesis posits that by reclaiming the collective and spiritual spaces of birth and afterbirth it is possible to transform and empower women and whānau in their maternity experiences. 
This thesis responds to a scarcity of academic scholarship on mana wahine maternities. It advances mana wahine and feminist geographical knowledges by providing a critical spatial perspective on Māori women’s maternal geographies. It is argued that reclaiming mana wahine maternities has the potential to transform women’s birthing experiences by (re)asserting the tino rangatiratanga (self-determination) of women, of their babies, and of their whānau, and thus the rangatiratanga of Māori communities, hapū (sub-tribe/sub-tribes) and iwi (tribe/tribes).

text: Tū te turuturu nō Hine-te-iwaiwa: Mana wahine geographies of birth in Aotearoa New Zealand This thesis examines the embodied, spiritual and spatial experiences of maternity for Māori women. It reveals how colonial and patriarchal discourses are embedded and embodied in the spaces of childbirth in Aotearoa New Zealand. I use a mana wahine (Māori women’s) framework to critique discourses that continue to marginalise and isolate Māori women and their whānau (family group) during their maternity experiences. Importantly, this research highlights the possibilities of reclaiming and reconfiguring mana wahine in both theory and practice. In doing so, I conceptualise new geographies that account for, and celebrate, uniquely Māori understandings and expressions of maternity. 
Mana wahine provides a much needed theoretical framework that enables Māori women to (re)define and (re)present our lived realities on our own terms. A qualitative mixed method approach of interviews, solicited diary writing and a marae based wānanga is employed to examine the lived experiences of birth for ten first time mothers, five midwives and a wānanga of 17 women and their whānau. In total 32 women participated in various phases of the research.
Empirical material is arranged around four key themes. The first considers the ways in which colonialism is lived and embodied in maternity experiences for many whānau. New formations of colonialism are evident in the silence that can surround the maternal body for women in this research. The second theme highlights how whakapapa (genealogy), wairua (spirituality), and whenua (land/placenta), can provide a powerful reconceptualisation of the maternal body that offers new possibilities for thinking about maternal embodiment, the spaces of birth (both material and discursive) and maternity policy and practice. Third, it is argued that many women and whānau occupy a number of in-between maternity spaces as a result of our colonised realities. As such, considerations of space from a mana wahine perspective can serve to destabilise the dualisms that dominate the spatial politics of birth in Aotearoa. Finally, this thesis posits that by reclaiming the collective and spiritual spaces of birth and afterbirth it is possible to transform and empower women and whānau in their maternity experiences. 
This thesis responds to a scarcity of academic scholarship on mana wahine maternities. It advances mana wahine and feminist geographical knowledges by providing a critical spatial perspective on Māori women’s maternal geographies. It is argued that reclaiming mana wahine maternities has the potential to transform women’s birthing experiences by (re)asserting the tino rangatiratanga (self-determination) of women, of their babies, and of their whānau, and thus the rangatiratanga of Māori communities, hapū (sub-tribe/sub-tribes) and iwi (tribe/tribes).

year: 2014