title: Writing Waikato: John Muir's contribution to environmental awareness

authors: Chalmers, Lex

abstract: John Muir was an experienced and widely published observer of both physical and social environments, Muir kept a record of his time in Waikato that is distinctive. His texts, both journals and correspondence, are of interest precisely because they are science embedded in a social and philosophical discourse. The details of formal observations are recorded: the plant species, the landforms, the heights and distances, and these observations are complemented by drawings. But much more is conveyed by Muir's language of reporting in his journal and correspondence, and the extent to which this language reveals his philosophy of environmental awareness and concern.

text: Writing Waikato: John Muir's contribution to environmental awareness John Muir was an experienced and widely published observer of both physical and social environments, Muir kept a record of his time in Waikato that is distinctive. His texts, both journals and correspondence, are of interest precisely because they are science embedded in a social and philosophical discourse. The details of formal observations are recorded: the plant species, the landforms, the heights and distances, and these observations are complemented by drawings. But much more is conveyed by Muir's language of reporting in his journal and correspondence, and the extent to which this language reveals his philosophy of environmental awareness and concern.

year: 2011

title: Determinants of ownership structure and performance of seasoned equity offerings: Evidence from Chinese stock markets

authors: Abidin, Sazali Zainal

subjects: Agency theory

abstract: Purpose: Since the initiation of the share split reform by the Chinese Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) in 2005, the private placement has become the major source of raising equity after IPO. The purpose of this paper is to investigate why listed firms in China prefer private placements compared to other options of raising capital. Design/methodology/approach: The ordinary least squares regression, the piecewise regression and the cross-sectional regression analysis were undertaken to investigate the determinants and characteristics of the seasoned-equity offerings announcement effects. Probit regression analysis was taken to estimate the probability of a firm choosing private placements. Findings: The authors find positive significant announcement abnormal returns for private placement. The findings also indicate that operating performance deteriorates immediately after announcement and poor operating performance is more likely to be contributed by large size portfolios, which suggests size effect. Research limitations/implications: The paper's evidence contributes to an understanding of the wider implication of the share split reform undertaken by the CSRC. Practical implications: The paper provides insights for policy makers in China and around the world who have and wish to adopt similar practices within their jurisdictions. Similar research can be conducted in other emerging markets to enable better understanding and implications of seasoned equity offerings on firm financial performance. Originality/value: The paper is novel in regard to the data and the wider research paradigm used.

text: Determinants of ownership structure and performance of seasoned equity offerings: Evidence from Chinese stock markets Purpose: Since the initiation of the share split reform by the Chinese Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) in 2005, the private placement has become the major source of raising equity after IPO. The purpose of this paper is to investigate why listed firms in China prefer private placements compared to other options of raising capital. Design/methodology/approach: The ordinary least squares regression, the piecewise regression and the cross-sectional regression analysis were undertaken to investigate the determinants and characteristics of the seasoned-equity offerings announcement effects. Probit regression analysis was taken to estimate the probability of a firm choosing private placements. Findings: The authors find positive significant announcement abnormal returns for private placement. The findings also indicate that operating performance deteriorates immediately after announcement and poor operating performance is more likely to be contributed by large size portfolios, which suggests size effect. Research limitations/implications: The paper's evidence contributes to an understanding of the wider implication of the share split reform undertaken by the CSRC. Practical implications: The paper provides insights for policy makers in China and around the world who have and wish to adopt similar practices within their jurisdictions. Similar research can be conducted in other emerging markets to enable better understanding and implications of seasoned equity offerings on firm financial performance. Originality/value: The paper is novel in regard to the data and the wider research paradigm used.

year: 2012

title: The government of themselves: Indigenous peoples' internal self-determination, effective self-governance and authentic representation - Waikato-Tainui, Ngāi Tahu and Nisga'a

authors: Joseph, Robert

abstract: The present thesis analyses the recognition and realisation of the international legal, human and the inherent right of Indigenous Peoples to exercise internal self-determination through effective self-governance within the nation-states of Canada and New Zealand. The following areas are reviewed in depth: first, internal self-determination which is, inter alia, about international fora and national governments recognising this fundamental right of Indigenous Peoples to self-govern as nations within; second, effective self-government which is, inter alia, about Indigenous Peoples having the authority and capability to govern themselves; and third, authentic representation which is, inter alia, a manifestation of internal self-determination and effective self-government at the indigenous local, regional and national operational levels. The challenges and issues that emerge at all levels, that is, between governments and indigenous entities, and within indigenous communities themselves, are examined extensively. The thesis findings highlight that the frequency and complexity of these challenges, as well as the inadequate and inappropriate fora and processes for resolution offered, make it incredibly difficult for Indigenous Peoples to recognise, realise and actualise the government of themselves.

text: The government of themselves: Indigenous peoples' internal self-determination, effective self-governance and authentic representation - Waikato-Tainui, Ngāi Tahu and Nisga'a The present thesis analyses the recognition and realisation of the international legal, human and the inherent right of Indigenous Peoples to exercise internal self-determination through effective self-governance within the nation-states of Canada and New Zealand. The following areas are reviewed in depth: first, internal self-determination which is, inter alia, about international fora and national governments recognising this fundamental right of Indigenous Peoples to self-govern as nations within; second, effective self-government which is, inter alia, about Indigenous Peoples having the authority and capability to govern themselves; and third, authentic representation which is, inter alia, a manifestation of internal self-determination and effective self-government at the indigenous local, regional and national operational levels. The challenges and issues that emerge at all levels, that is, between governments and indigenous entities, and within indigenous communities themselves, are examined extensively. The thesis findings highlight that the frequency and complexity of these challenges, as well as the inadequate and inappropriate fora and processes for resolution offered, make it incredibly difficult for Indigenous Peoples to recognise, realise and actualise the government of themselves.

year: 2005