title: Structured audio content analysis and metadata in a digital library

authors: Bainbridge, David

subjects: audio content analysis

abstract: This work illustrates how audio content analysis of music and manually assigned structural temporal metadata can be used to form a digital library designed for musicological exploration. In addition to text-based searching and browsing, the document view is enriched with an interactive structured audio time-line that shows ground-truth data representing the logical segments to the song, and a version that was automatically generated for comparison. A self-similarity "heat" map is also displayed, and is interactive. Clicking within the map at a co-ordinate (x,y) results in the audio being played simultaneous at time offset x and y, panned left and right, respectively, to make it easier for the listener to separate out the differences. The musicologist can also initiate an audio content based query starting at any point in the song. This produces a ranked result set which can be further studied through their respective document views. Alternatively they can perform a musical structure search (for example, for songs that contain the structure b, b, c, b, c).

text: Structured audio content analysis and metadata in a digital library This work illustrates how audio content analysis of music and manually assigned structural temporal metadata can be used to form a digital library designed for musicological exploration. In addition to text-based searching and browsing, the document view is enriched with an interactive structured audio time-line that shows ground-truth data representing the logical segments to the song, and a version that was automatically generated for comparison. A self-similarity "heat" map is also displayed, and is interactive. Clicking within the map at a co-ordinate (x,y) results in the audio being played simultaneous at time offset x and y, panned left and right, respectively, to make it easier for the listener to separate out the differences. The musicologist can also initiate an audio content based query starting at any point in the song. This produces a ranked result set which can be further studied through their respective document views. Alternatively they can perform a musical structure search (for example, for songs that contain the structure b, b, c, b, c).

year: 2012

title: Cost of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: Evidence from a population-based study.

authors: Te Ao, Braden

abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate from a societal perspective the 1-year and lifetime direct and indirect costs of traumatic brain injury (TBI) for New Zealand (NZ) in 2010 projected to 2020. METHODS: An incidence-based cost of illness model was developed using data from the Brain Injury Outcomes New Zealand in the Community Study. Details of TBI-related resource use during the first 12 months after injury were obtained for 725 cases using resource utilization information from participant surveys and medical records. Total costs are presented in US dollars year 2010 value. RESULTS: In 2010, 11,301 first-ever TBI cases were estimated to have occurred in NZ; total first-year cost of all new TBI cases was estimated to be US $47.9 million with total prevalence costs of US $101.4 million. The average cost per new TBI case during the first 12 months and over a lifetime was US $5,922 (95% confidence interval [CI] $4,777-$7,858), varying from US $4,636 (95% CI $3,756-$5,561) for mild cases to US $36,648 (95% CI $16,348-$65,350) for moderate/severe cases. Because of the unexpectedly large number of mild TBI cases (95% of all TBI cases), the total cost of treating these cases is nearly 3 times that of moderate/severe. The total lifetime cost of all TBI survivors in 2010 was US $146.5 million and is expected to increase to US $177.1 million in 2020. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is an urgent need to develop effective interventions to prevent both mild and moderate/severe TBI.

text: Cost of traumatic brain injury in New Zealand: Evidence from a population-based study. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to estimate from a societal perspective the 1-year and lifetime direct and indirect costs of traumatic brain injury (TBI) for New Zealand (NZ) in 2010 projected to 2020. METHODS: An incidence-based cost of illness model was developed using data from the Brain Injury Outcomes New Zealand in the Community Study. Details of TBI-related resource use during the first 12 months after injury were obtained for 725 cases using resource utilization information from participant surveys and medical records. Total costs are presented in US dollars year 2010 value. RESULTS: In 2010, 11,301 first-ever TBI cases were estimated to have occurred in NZ; total first-year cost of all new TBI cases was estimated to be US $47.9 million with total prevalence costs of US $101.4 million. The average cost per new TBI case during the first 12 months and over a lifetime was US $5,922 (95% confidence interval [CI] $4,777-$7,858), varying from US $4,636 (95% CI $3,756-$5,561) for mild cases to US $36,648 (95% CI $16,348-$65,350) for moderate/severe cases. Because of the unexpectedly large number of mild TBI cases (95% of all TBI cases), the total cost of treating these cases is nearly 3 times that of moderate/severe. The total lifetime cost of all TBI survivors in 2010 was US $146.5 million and is expected to increase to US $177.1 million in 2020. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that there is an urgent need to develop effective interventions to prevent both mild and moderate/severe TBI.

year: 2014-09

title: Ngā mana-kura-nui kei te ao wahine Māori

authors: Campbell, Hinehou

subjects: Wāhine Māori

abstract: ‘He wahine, he whenua e ora ai te tangata. He wahine, he whenua e mate ai te tangata!'
Ko te tino kaupapa o tēnei puawānanga, he rapu, he kimi hoki i ngā Mana-Kura-Nui kei Te Ao Wahine Māori. Ka āta tirohia ngā ingoa i tapaina ki ngā ao me ā rātau nā whakatipuranga, e puta ai ngā pūmanawa motuhake kei a te wahine, me ngā tauritenga mahi kei a te tāne rāua ko te wahine. 
Koirā ēnā ko Te Aoaonui, ko Te Kore, ko Te Pō, ki ngā Ao-Mārama ka heke ki Te Ao-Tūroa, ka hoki atu anō ki Te Pō, ki Te Muriwai-hou, ki Rarohenga. Ka āta rapua ngā tikanga kei aua ao, hei pou-herenga kōrero, ki waenga i ngā ao me ngā reanga whakatipu. Ko te kimi anō hoki i ngā tikanga i whakaū ai i ēnei Mana-Kura-Nui. Koia nei ētahi o aua tikanga ka āta tirohia i konei arā ko te toi o ngā mahi, te roi o ngā mata, te poi i ngā uri, te hoe i ngā tira, te koi o te hinengaro, te oi o te wairua, te kō o te reo, te ngoi o te mauri, me te kikokikotanga o te wahine.
Kua rangahautia ētahi kōrero mai i ngā kura koroiti, i ngā kete raukura, me ngā wānanga nui, o te ao Māori me i o te ao Pākehā. Ka tīmata mai i te pūtahitanga o ngā ao, o Te Kore, o Te Pō, o Te Māramatanga iti, o Te Awatea, o Te Ao-tūroa, me o Te Muriwai-hou. Ahakoa iti te whakaputa o ēnei ko te mea nui kē, arā ko ngā tauritenga kōrero, tauritenga tikanga, atu i ngā ao o Tauiwi mā ki ō tātau. Nā ka āta wānanga kia mōhio ai te kaipānui ki ngā ritenga me ngā rerekētanga kei aua ao e hāngai ana ki te wahine Māori.
Ko ētahi o ngā whakamārama kei te reo o tauiwi, itiiti noa nei ēnā. Ka mau hoki ki te whakaaro Māori, hei taonga here i te ngako o ngā kōrero me i o ngā tikanga. Ka āta rapua mai i roto i ngā whakapapa, karakia, waiata, pōkeka, tauparapara, kōrerorero, kupu whakaari, whakataukī hoki, me ngā waituhi, waitohu o te ao wahine Māori. Ka haria mai anō hoki e te kaituhi ēnei waituhi kia puta ko ngā whakaaro nui o te wahine Māori i roto hoki i Te Ao-hurihuri.
He mea hou ki ngā taringa o te kaituhi, ki te whakarongo ki te wahine e whakaputa ana i tōna nui. Koia tēnei ka haria mai e te kaituhi ōna whakakitenga nui, ka tāpiri atu ki ērā o ngā hākui, hākoro o ngā wānanga nui, inā ka tuia ēnei kōrero kia tina.
“He hapū ki te wahine, e kapi ai te ao,
he tauā ki te tāne, e ora ai te ao."
Waiho mā ngā tāne e whakaputa i te taha ki a rātau.

text: Ngā mana-kura-nui kei te ao wahine Māori ‘He wahine, he whenua e ora ai te tangata. He wahine, he whenua e mate ai te tangata!'
Ko te tino kaupapa o tēnei puawānanga, he rapu, he kimi hoki i ngā Mana-Kura-Nui kei Te Ao Wahine Māori. Ka āta tirohia ngā ingoa i tapaina ki ngā ao me ā rātau nā whakatipuranga, e puta ai ngā pūmanawa motuhake kei a te wahine, me ngā tauritenga mahi kei a te tāne rāua ko te wahine. 
Koirā ēnā ko Te Aoaonui, ko Te Kore, ko Te Pō, ki ngā Ao-Mārama ka heke ki Te Ao-Tūroa, ka hoki atu anō ki Te Pō, ki Te Muriwai-hou, ki Rarohenga. Ka āta rapua ngā tikanga kei aua ao, hei pou-herenga kōrero, ki waenga i ngā ao me ngā reanga whakatipu. Ko te kimi anō hoki i ngā tikanga i whakaū ai i ēnei Mana-Kura-Nui. Koia nei ētahi o aua tikanga ka āta tirohia i konei arā ko te toi o ngā mahi, te roi o ngā mata, te poi i ngā uri, te hoe i ngā tira, te koi o te hinengaro, te oi o te wairua, te kō o te reo, te ngoi o te mauri, me te kikokikotanga o te wahine.
Kua rangahautia ētahi kōrero mai i ngā kura koroiti, i ngā kete raukura, me ngā wānanga nui, o te ao Māori me i o te ao Pākehā. Ka tīmata mai i te pūtahitanga o ngā ao, o Te Kore, o Te Pō, o Te Māramatanga iti, o Te Awatea, o Te Ao-tūroa, me o Te Muriwai-hou. Ahakoa iti te whakaputa o ēnei ko te mea nui kē, arā ko ngā tauritenga kōrero, tauritenga tikanga, atu i ngā ao o Tauiwi mā ki ō tātau. Nā ka āta wānanga kia mōhio ai te kaipānui ki ngā ritenga me ngā rerekētanga kei aua ao e hāngai ana ki te wahine Māori.
Ko ētahi o ngā whakamārama kei te reo o tauiwi, itiiti noa nei ēnā. Ka mau hoki ki te whakaaro Māori, hei taonga here i te ngako o ngā kōrero me i o ngā tikanga. Ka āta rapua mai i roto i ngā whakapapa, karakia, waiata, pōkeka, tauparapara, kōrerorero, kupu whakaari, whakataukī hoki, me ngā waituhi, waitohu o te ao wahine Māori. Ka haria mai anō hoki e te kaituhi ēnei waituhi kia puta ko ngā whakaaro nui o te wahine Māori i roto hoki i Te Ao-hurihuri.
He mea hou ki ngā taringa o te kaituhi, ki te whakarongo ki te wahine e whakaputa ana i tōna nui. Koia tēnei ka haria mai e te kaituhi ōna whakakitenga nui, ka tāpiri atu ki ērā o ngā hākui, hākoro o ngā wānanga nui, inā ka tuia ēnei kōrero kia tina.
“He hapū ki te wahine, e kapi ai te ao,
he tauā ki te tāne, e ora ai te ao."
Waiho mā ngā tāne e whakaputa i te taha ki a rātau.

year: 1996