title: Extreme glacial legacies: A synthesis of the antarctic springtail phylogeographic record

authors: McGaughran, Angela

subjects: Antarctica

abstract: We review current phylogeographic knowledge from across the Antarctic terrestrial landscape with a focus on springtail taxa. We describe consistent patterns of high genetic diversity and structure among populations which have persisted in glacial refugia across Antarctica over both short (10 Mya) timescales. Despite a general concordance of results among species, we explain why location is important in determining population genetic patterns within bioregions. We complete our review by drawing attention to the main limitations in the field of Antarctic phylogeography, namely that the scope of geographic focus is often lacking within studies, and that large gaps remain in our phylogeographic knowledge for most terrestrial groups.

text: Extreme glacial legacies: A synthesis of the antarctic springtail phylogeographic record We review current phylogeographic knowledge from across the Antarctic terrestrial landscape with a focus on springtail taxa. We describe consistent patterns of high genetic diversity and structure among populations which have persisted in glacial refugia across Antarctica over both short (10 Mya) timescales. Despite a general concordance of results among species, we explain why location is important in determining population genetic patterns within bioregions. We complete our review by drawing attention to the main limitations in the field of Antarctic phylogeography, namely that the scope of geographic focus is often lacking within studies, and that large gaps remain in our phylogeographic knowledge for most terrestrial groups.

year: 2011

title: Towards an understanding of thermodynamic and kinetic controls on the formation of clay minerals from volcanic glass under various environmental conditions

authors: Hodder, A.P.W.

abstract: lmogolite is the kinetically and thermodynamically favoured weathering product from rhyolitic volcanic glass in the soil-forming environment. However, on thermodynamic grounds imogolite would also appear to be the favoured alteration product of rhyolitic glass deposited in the nearshore marine environment. On the basis that the rate of conversion of glass to clay minerals is a function of the solubility of the clay mineral, smectite is expected to be formed under mildly diagenetic conditions, and formed more rapidly than imogolite in soil. The derived activation energies for formation of imogolite from glass in soils are appropriate for a diffusion controlled reaction, and appear consistent with the diffusion of the tetrahedrally co-ordinated species Al[iv](OH)₂(H2Q)⁺. In the marine environment, however the mechanism for all reactions appear to be surface reaction control.

text: Towards an understanding of thermodynamic and kinetic controls on the formation of clay minerals from volcanic glass under various environmental conditions lmogolite is the kinetically and thermodynamically favoured weathering product from rhyolitic volcanic glass in the soil-forming environment. However, on thermodynamic grounds imogolite would also appear to be the favoured alteration product of rhyolitic glass deposited in the nearshore marine environment. On the basis that the rate of conversion of glass to clay minerals is a function of the solubility of the clay mineral, smectite is expected to be formed under mildly diagenetic conditions, and formed more rapidly than imogolite in soil. The derived activation energies for formation of imogolite from glass in soils are appropriate for a diffusion controlled reaction, and appear consistent with the diffusion of the tetrahedrally co-ordinated species Al[iv](OH)₂(H2Q)⁺. In the marine environment, however the mechanism for all reactions appear to be surface reaction control.

year: 1996-01-01

title: Changing the acculturation conversation: Indigenous cultural reclamation in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand

authors: Dudgeon, Pat

abstract: In constructing this chapter the authors make a claim for an Indigenous perspective that is grounded in decolonisation, the struggle for social justice, cultural reclamation and the development of Indigenous kowledges. This offers the opportunity to view acculturation and the associate research through a different lens. In taking this stance, a critical psychology, Indigenous standpoint approach is adopted, while also acknowledging earlier scholars who have attempted to accommodate Indigenous experiences within acculturation theory and the associated research (see for example, Kvernmo, 2006). This chapter begins with a critique of the acculturation framework and practice in researching the acculturation experience of Indigenous peoples. The chapter then presents findings and application to two contexts: Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. (Chapter 11 covers acculturation research in Australia and New Zealand and would thus be relevant to this chapter.) How acculturation research can be linked to cultural reclamation and reconciliation work is then examined.

text: Changing the acculturation conversation: Indigenous cultural reclamation in Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand In constructing this chapter the authors make a claim for an Indigenous perspective that is grounded in decolonisation, the struggle for social justice, cultural reclamation and the development of Indigenous kowledges. This offers the opportunity to view acculturation and the associate research through a different lens. In taking this stance, a critical psychology, Indigenous standpoint approach is adopted, while also acknowledging earlier scholars who have attempted to accommodate Indigenous experiences within acculturation theory and the associated research (see for example, Kvernmo, 2006). This chapter begins with a critique of the acculturation framework and practice in researching the acculturation experience of Indigenous peoples. The chapter then presents findings and application to two contexts: Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand. (Chapter 11 covers acculturation research in Australia and New Zealand and would thus be relevant to this chapter.) How acculturation research can be linked to cultural reclamation and reconciliation work is then examined.

year: 2016