title: Synthesis, characterisation and biological activity of gold(III) catecholate and related complexes

authors: Goss, Carol H. A.

subjects: gold

abstract: The reactions of the cyclometallated gold(III) complexes [LAuCl₂] [L=2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl, 2-benzylpyridyl or 2-anilinopyridyl] with catechol, tetrachlorocatechol, or the cyclic α,β-diketone SCH(CO2Et)C(O)C(O)CH(CO2Et) give stable complexes containing five-membered Au-O-C-C-O rings. These represent the first examples of well-characterised gold(III) catecholate complexes. Similarly, reactions with 2-acetamidophenol [HOC₆H₄NHC(O)CH₃] give complexes with the related Au---N---C---C---O ring. The complexes were characterised by NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, elemental microanalysis, and in the case of the complex [(2-benzylpyridyl)Au{OC₆H₄NC(O)CH₃}] by an X-ray crystal structure determination. Several complexes show high activity towards P388 murine leukemia cells.

text: Synthesis, characterisation and biological activity of gold(III) catecholate and related complexes The reactions of the cyclometallated gold(III) complexes [LAuCl₂] [L=2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl, 2-benzylpyridyl or 2-anilinopyridyl] with catechol, tetrachlorocatechol, or the cyclic α,β-diketone SCH(CO2Et)C(O)C(O)CH(CO2Et) give stable complexes containing five-membered Au-O-C-C-O rings. These represent the first examples of well-characterised gold(III) catecholate complexes. Similarly, reactions with 2-acetamidophenol [HOC₆H₄NHC(O)CH₃] give complexes with the related Au---N---C---C---O ring. The complexes were characterised by NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry, elemental microanalysis, and in the case of the complex [(2-benzylpyridyl)Au{OC₆H₄NC(O)CH₃}] by an X-ray crystal structure determination. Several complexes show high activity towards P388 murine leukemia cells.

year: 2003

title: Fast perceptron decision tree learning from evolving data streams

authors: Bifet, Albert

subjects: computer science

abstract: Mining of data streams must balance three evaluation dimensions: accuracy, time and memory. Excellent accuracy on data streams has been obtained with Naive Bayes Hoeffding Trees—Hoeffding Trees with naive Bayes models at the leaf nodes—albeit with increased runtime compared to standard Hoeffding Trees. In this paper, we show that runtime can be reduced by replacing naive Bayes with perceptron classifiers, while maintaining highly competitive accuracy. We also show that accuracy can be increased even further by combining majority vote, naive Bayes, and perceptrons. We evaluate four perceptron-based learning strategies and compare them against appropriate baselines: simple perceptrons, Perceptron Hoeffding Trees, hybrid Naive Bayes Perceptron Trees, and bagged versions thereof. We implement a perceptron that uses the sigmoid activation function instead of the threshold activation function and optimizes the squared error, with one perceptron per class value. We test our methods by performing an evaluation study on synthetic and real-world datasets comprising up to ten million examples.

text: Fast perceptron decision tree learning from evolving data streams Mining of data streams must balance three evaluation dimensions: accuracy, time and memory. Excellent accuracy on data streams has been obtained with Naive Bayes Hoeffding Trees—Hoeffding Trees with naive Bayes models at the leaf nodes—albeit with increased runtime compared to standard Hoeffding Trees. In this paper, we show that runtime can be reduced by replacing naive Bayes with perceptron classifiers, while maintaining highly competitive accuracy. We also show that accuracy can be increased even further by combining majority vote, naive Bayes, and perceptrons. We evaluate four perceptron-based learning strategies and compare them against appropriate baselines: simple perceptrons, Perceptron Hoeffding Trees, hybrid Naive Bayes Perceptron Trees, and bagged versions thereof. We implement a perceptron that uses the sigmoid activation function instead of the threshold activation function and optimizes the squared error, with one perceptron per class value. We test our methods by performing an evaluation study on synthetic and real-world datasets comprising up to ten million examples.

year: 2010

title: The Debate over 'Kai Tangata' (Maori Cannibalism): New Perspectives from the Correspondence of the Marists

authors: Jennings, William

subjects: cannibalism

abstract: French Marist missionaries working in New Zealand from 1838 sometimes mentioned Maori cannibalism in their correspondence. This article finds that the Marists considered cannibalism to be a cultural practice of minor interest, not a defining point of difference between Maori and Europeans. The article also finds some evidence of ritual cannibalism, but not of mass battlefield cannibalism or of the eating of people for food.

text: The Debate over 'Kai Tangata' (Maori Cannibalism): New Perspectives from the Correspondence of the Marists French Marist missionaries working in New Zealand from 1838 sometimes mentioned Maori cannibalism in their correspondence. This article finds that the Marists considered cannibalism to be a cultural practice of minor interest, not a defining point of difference between Maori and Europeans. The article also finds some evidence of ritual cannibalism, but not of mass battlefield cannibalism or of the eating of people for food.

year: 2011