title: Robert and Elizabeth Mackie: a Te Aroha butcher and his family

authors: Hart, Philip

abstract: Although Elizabeth Mackie was fondly remembered, her husband, Robert, was not. Both were of Scottish parentage, and lived in various places in New Zealand before settling in Te Aroha in the early 1880s. Having participated in the Otago gold rush, he invested in a few unprofitable mines at Waiorongomai and Stoney Creek. 
As he freely expressed his strong opinions on everything, Mackie was a prominent member of the community, for both good and bad reasons. The good ones were his attempts to assist its development through his willingness to join local committees, notably the school committee, education being of particular interest to him. The bad reason for his prominence was his cantankerous nature, which was reflected in his careers as butcher and farmer and even more so in his private life. He was regularly involved in legal battles and often publicized his grievances in the press. Using his family members as dummies, he acquired land within and on the edge of Te Aroha for farming purposes, and also had farms at Waiorongomai and Wairakau, and clashed with other farmers in all these places. The battle over ‘Clarke’s drain’ wasted council time for many years.
Mackie struggled financially all his life, refusing to pay his debts until forced to, placing his property in his wife’s name to evade his creditors, and going bankrupt. He even went to prison, four times, for refusing to pay debts as ordered by the magistrate. Because of his quarrelsome character, sometimes justified (to a degree), as when a daughter was made pregnant by one of his enemies, his wife refused to permit him to be buried in her grave. He was not the only disagreeable resident of the district, but was certainly one of the worst.

text: Robert and Elizabeth Mackie: a Te Aroha butcher and his family Although Elizabeth Mackie was fondly remembered, her husband, Robert, was not. Both were of Scottish parentage, and lived in various places in New Zealand before settling in Te Aroha in the early 1880s. Having participated in the Otago gold rush, he invested in a few unprofitable mines at Waiorongomai and Stoney Creek. 
As he freely expressed his strong opinions on everything, Mackie was a prominent member of the community, for both good and bad reasons. The good ones were his attempts to assist its development through his willingness to join local committees, notably the school committee, education being of particular interest to him. The bad reason for his prominence was his cantankerous nature, which was reflected in his careers as butcher and farmer and even more so in his private life. He was regularly involved in legal battles and often publicized his grievances in the press. Using his family members as dummies, he acquired land within and on the edge of Te Aroha for farming purposes, and also had farms at Waiorongomai and Wairakau, and clashed with other farmers in all these places. The battle over ‘Clarke’s drain’ wasted council time for many years.
Mackie struggled financially all his life, refusing to pay his debts until forced to, placing his property in his wife’s name to evade his creditors, and going bankrupt. He even went to prison, four times, for refusing to pay debts as ordered by the magistrate. Because of his quarrelsome character, sometimes justified (to a degree), as when a daughter was made pregnant by one of his enemies, his wife refused to permit him to be buried in her grave. He was not the only disagreeable resident of the district, but was certainly one of the worst.

year: 2016

title: Fia Ola: Grief recovery following a tsunami disaster in Samoa

authors: Seiuli, Byron Malaela Sotiata

subjects: galulolo

abstract: Natural disasters provide humanity with a setting in which to examine core dimensions of life. How people respond to and make sense of their experiences due to the ruptures of trauma and devastation remains vital in grief recovery. An earthquake of 8.3 magnitudes on 29 October 2009 triggered a galulolo (tsunami wave) that devastated parts of Samoa, American Samoa and Tonga. This calamity provided an ideal setting for a case study examination of how those directly impacted recovered from the devastation. In this article, the experiences of one couple in the context of Samoan grieving processes becomes the key focus. Disaster and grieving literature is examined to inform and provide interpretation to their experiences. It is through such an examination that this article seeks to makes an important contribution to understanding the complexities of loss and culturally patterned responses of Samoan people, like this couple, to disaster recovery.

text: Fia Ola: Grief recovery following a tsunami disaster in Samoa Natural disasters provide humanity with a setting in which to examine core dimensions of life. How people respond to and make sense of their experiences due to the ruptures of trauma and devastation remains vital in grief recovery. An earthquake of 8.3 magnitudes on 29 October 2009 triggered a galulolo (tsunami wave) that devastated parts of Samoa, American Samoa and Tonga. This calamity provided an ideal setting for a case study examination of how those directly impacted recovered from the devastation. In this article, the experiences of one couple in the context of Samoan grieving processes becomes the key focus. Disaster and grieving literature is examined to inform and provide interpretation to their experiences. It is through such an examination that this article seeks to makes an important contribution to understanding the complexities of loss and culturally patterned responses of Samoan people, like this couple, to disaster recovery.

year: 2016

title: Body Image Attitudes amongst Māori and Pakeha Females

authors: Ngamanu, Robert Errol

subjects: body image

abstract: Research has shown that body image plays a principle role in predicting the occurrence and extent of eating disordered symptomatology. The term 'body image' has multiple definitions but is most commonly used to refer to self-perceptions of body weight and shape. Evidence shows that Western socio-cultural beliefs encourage females to strive for an extremely thin, unrealistically small figure. The difficulties obtaining this  thin-ideal  have lead to the development of body image dissatisfaction (BID). Because the thin-ideal is a Western construct, BID was thought to effect only Western, White women, however, research shows that body image concerns and consequently eating pathology are appearing in non-Western, ethnic minority groups where they were once unknown. This has been attributed to increasing contact between ethnic minority groups and Western cultural mores. This would suggest that the degree of attachment a minority individual feels towards their ethnic identity is likely to moderate the development of BID and thus eating concerns. This thesis compared levels of body image dissatisfaction amongst ethnic groups in New Zealand, focussing particularly on Māori and Pakeha. No differences were found to exist amongst these groups with regards to body image dissatisfaction and eating pathology regardless of ethnic attachment. The information found has consequences for clinicians working with clients of Māori extraction and those researching body image dissatisfaction in New Zealand.

text: Body Image Attitudes amongst Māori and Pakeha Females Research has shown that body image plays a principle role in predicting the occurrence and extent of eating disordered symptomatology. The term 'body image' has multiple definitions but is most commonly used to refer to self-perceptions of body weight and shape. Evidence shows that Western socio-cultural beliefs encourage females to strive for an extremely thin, unrealistically small figure. The difficulties obtaining this  thin-ideal  have lead to the development of body image dissatisfaction (BID). Because the thin-ideal is a Western construct, BID was thought to effect only Western, White women, however, research shows that body image concerns and consequently eating pathology are appearing in non-Western, ethnic minority groups where they were once unknown. This has been attributed to increasing contact between ethnic minority groups and Western cultural mores. This would suggest that the degree of attachment a minority individual feels towards their ethnic identity is likely to moderate the development of BID and thus eating concerns. This thesis compared levels of body image dissatisfaction amongst ethnic groups in New Zealand, focussing particularly on Māori and Pakeha. No differences were found to exist amongst these groups with regards to body image dissatisfaction and eating pathology regardless of ethnic attachment. The information found has consequences for clinicians working with clients of Māori extraction and those researching body image dissatisfaction in New Zealand.

year: 2006