title: Unsteady flow induced by a withdrawal point beneath a free surface

authors: Stokes, Tim E.

subjects: mathematics

abstract: The unsteady axisymmetric withdrawal from a fluid with a free surface through a point sink is considered. Results both with and without surface tension are included and placed in context with previous work. The results indicate that there are two critical values of withdrawal rate at which the surface is drawn directly into the outlet, one after flow initiation and the other after the flow has been established. It is shown that the larger of these values corresponds to the point at which steady solutions no longer exist.

text: Unsteady flow induced by a withdrawal point beneath a free surface The unsteady axisymmetric withdrawal from a fluid with a free surface through a point sink is considered. Results both with and without surface tension are included and placed in context with previous work. The results indicate that there are two critical values of withdrawal rate at which the surface is drawn directly into the outlet, one after flow initiation and the other after the flow has been established. It is shown that the larger of these values corresponds to the point at which steady solutions no longer exist.

year: 2005

title: Phase-polarisation contrast for surface plasmon resonance based on low cost grating substrates

authors: Sedoglavich, Nemanya

subjects: Surface plasmon resonance

abstract: This paper presents a new grating configuration that combines the benefits of multi-angle interrogation with the phase-polarisation contrast method. The setup is based on the gold grating of a commercially available recordable compact disk, which allows the excitation of surface plasmons. The compact disks are mass produced by injection-moulding, which results in low cost disposable grating substrates. The measurement method allows high resolution analysis of gases and surface chemistry. Results for this system have been demonstrated using helium, air and carbon dioxide gases.

text: Phase-polarisation contrast for surface plasmon resonance based on low cost grating substrates This paper presents a new grating configuration that combines the benefits of multi-angle interrogation with the phase-polarisation contrast method. The setup is based on the gold grating of a commercially available recordable compact disk, which allows the excitation of surface plasmons. The compact disks are mass produced by injection-moulding, which results in low cost disposable grating substrates. The measurement method allows high resolution analysis of gases and surface chemistry. Results for this system have been demonstrated using helium, air and carbon dioxide gases.

year: 2008

title: Adopting a Maori property rights approach to fisheries

authors: Toki, Valmaine

abstract: For Maori, tikanga Maori or custom law not only underpinned the recognition of property rights to their fishery but also their environmental ethics and the sustainable management of that fishery. In comparison, the property right of non-indigenous peoples was sourced from a rights system determined by the State. The nature of these property rights, for Maori, has been acknowledged by legislation. The challenge for Maori is to effectively maintain, develop and manage this allocated resource in a way that will not only sustain the resource but also ensure its longevity both socially and economically for future generations. Among the issues Maori will face are how to balance effective governance and efficient management, together with the requirement to address global issues of over-fishing and property rights, all the while preserving and respecting tradition. Irrespective of these challenges, it is the tikanga, or philosophy, intrinsic to the traditional Maori worldview which will guide Maori through these challenges, and provide a way forward for global issues such as climate change.

text: Adopting a Maori property rights approach to fisheries For Maori, tikanga Maori or custom law not only underpinned the recognition of property rights to their fishery but also their environmental ethics and the sustainable management of that fishery. In comparison, the property right of non-indigenous peoples was sourced from a rights system determined by the State. The nature of these property rights, for Maori, has been acknowledged by legislation. The challenge for Maori is to effectively maintain, develop and manage this allocated resource in a way that will not only sustain the resource but also ensure its longevity both socially and economically for future generations. Among the issues Maori will face are how to balance effective governance and efficient management, together with the requirement to address global issues of over-fishing and property rights, all the while preserving and respecting tradition. Irrespective of these challenges, it is the tikanga, or philosophy, intrinsic to the traditional Maori worldview which will guide Maori through these challenges, and provide a way forward for global issues such as climate change.

year: 2010