title: The assessment of dynamic risk and recidivism in a sample of special needs sexual offenders

authors: Blacker, Janine

subjects: sexual offenders

abstract: The predictive validity of four risk assessment instruments: the RRASOR, SVR-20, RM2000-V and the ARMIDILO-Stable and -Acute dynamic client subscales were assessed on a sample of 88 offenders: 44 mainstream and 44 sexual offenders with special needs, who had been matched on risk items within the RRASOR tool. Instruments were coded retrospectively from file information. Sexual reconviction data was used, in conjunction with sexual recidivism data based on unofficial data sources, over a mean follow-up period of 8.8 years. The results of this study found that the ARMIDILO instrument was the best predictor for sexual reconviction among offenders with special needs (ARMIDILO-Stable, AUC=0.60; ARMIDILO-Acute, AUC=0.73), while the predictive validities of the RRASOR (AUC=0.53) and the RM2000-V (AUC=0.50) were little better than chance. In contrast, the SVR-20 yielded a higher score (AUC=0.73) for the non-ID sample, than for the intellectually disabled sample (AUC=0.45). Within the special needs group, the ARMIDILO-Acute, SVR-20 Psychosocial Affect, and Overall scales were better predictors of sexual recidivism for the intellectually disabled subgroup (AUCs ranging from 0.75 to 0.88). These results are discussed in the context of current practice.

text: The assessment of dynamic risk and recidivism in a sample of special needs sexual offenders The predictive validity of four risk assessment instruments: the RRASOR, SVR-20, RM2000-V and the ARMIDILO-Stable and -Acute dynamic client subscales were assessed on a sample of 88 offenders: 44 mainstream and 44 sexual offenders with special needs, who had been matched on risk items within the RRASOR tool. Instruments were coded retrospectively from file information. Sexual reconviction data was used, in conjunction with sexual recidivism data based on unofficial data sources, over a mean follow-up period of 8.8 years. The results of this study found that the ARMIDILO instrument was the best predictor for sexual reconviction among offenders with special needs (ARMIDILO-Stable, AUC=0.60; ARMIDILO-Acute, AUC=0.73), while the predictive validities of the RRASOR (AUC=0.53) and the RM2000-V (AUC=0.50) were little better than chance. In contrast, the SVR-20 yielded a higher score (AUC=0.73) for the non-ID sample, than for the intellectually disabled sample (AUC=0.45). Within the special needs group, the ARMIDILO-Acute, SVR-20 Psychosocial Affect, and Overall scales were better predictors of sexual recidivism for the intellectually disabled subgroup (AUCs ranging from 0.75 to 0.88). These results are discussed in the context of current practice.

year: 2011

title: Synthesis, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃In Situ Composite

authors: Zhang, Deliang

subjects: engineering

abstract: This paper describes a novel process for synthesizing a Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃in situ composite. This route utilizes TiO₂, carbon, and Al powders as raw materials, and involves high-energy mechanical milling and powder sintering. The Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃ bulk in situ composite produced has a phase composition of Ti₂AlC–20 vol% TiC–35 vol% Al₂O₃ with fine Al₂O₃ particles (size: 0.5–15 μm) embedded in a Ti₂AlC/TiC matrix. The Ti₂AlC grains exhibit a nanometer scale lamellar structure, and most of the Al₂O₃ grains contain fine cubic TiOmC1−m precipitates (size: 10–200 nm). The average hardness and bending strength of the composite are in the ranges of 11–12.5 GPa and 380–440 MPa, respectively. Here we have demonstrated that the mechanical performance (mainly hardness and bending strength) of the composite is directly correlated with the size of the Al2O3 particles present in the as-fabricated in situ composite.

text: Synthesis, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃In Situ Composite This paper describes a novel process for synthesizing a Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃in situ composite. This route utilizes TiO₂, carbon, and Al powders as raw materials, and involves high-energy mechanical milling and powder sintering. The Ti₂AlC/TiC/Al₂O₃ bulk in situ composite produced has a phase composition of Ti₂AlC–20 vol% TiC–35 vol% Al₂O₃ with fine Al₂O₃ particles (size: 0.5–15 μm) embedded in a Ti₂AlC/TiC matrix. The Ti₂AlC grains exhibit a nanometer scale lamellar structure, and most of the Al₂O₃ grains contain fine cubic TiOmC1−m precipitates (size: 10–200 nm). The average hardness and bending strength of the composite are in the ranges of 11–12.5 GPa and 380–440 MPa, respectively. Here we have demonstrated that the mechanical performance (mainly hardness and bending strength) of the composite is directly correlated with the size of the Al2O3 particles present in the as-fabricated in situ composite.

year: 2006

title: Arnold Manaaki Wilson: Te Awakaunua

authors: Te Awekotuku, Ngahuia

subjects: Arnold Manaaki Wilson

abstract: Arnold Manaaki Wilson was born in 1928, in Ruatoki, a community which nestles beneath the misty Taiarahia hills, following the curves of the Ohinemataroa river valley – known to others as of his tuhoe people. They know him there as Te Wakaunua, after a provocative late 19th century political visionary. From Such radical Tuhoe ideas fused with the sculptural genius of his father, a renowned carver of the art-making Ngati Tarawhai of Te Arawa, Arnold Wilson emerged.

text: Arnold Manaaki Wilson: Te Awakaunua Arnold Manaaki Wilson was born in 1928, in Ruatoki, a community which nestles beneath the misty Taiarahia hills, following the curves of the Ohinemataroa river valley – known to others as of his tuhoe people. They know him there as Te Wakaunua, after a provocative late 19th century political visionary. From Such radical Tuhoe ideas fused with the sculptural genius of his father, a renowned carver of the art-making Ngati Tarawhai of Te Arawa, Arnold Wilson emerged.

year: 2008