dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Mohammed Rafi
Seção: Later years
Background: Mohammed Rafi was the second eldest of six brothers born to Haji Ali Mohammad. The family originally belonged to Kotla Sultan Singh, a village near present-day Majitha in Amritsar district of Punjab, India. Rafi, whose nickname was Pheeko, began singing by imitating the chants of a fakir in the streets of his native village Kotla Sultan Singh where his family lived. Rafi's father moved to Lahore in 1935, where he ran a men's salon in Noor Mohalla in Bhati Gate.

Conteúdo: Rafi made a comeback as the leading singer in mid 1970s. In 1974 he won the Film World magazine Best Singer Award for the song "Teree Galiyon Mein Na Rakhenge Qadam Aaj Ke Baad" (Hawas, 1974) composed by Usha Khanna. In 1976, Rafi sang all the songs for Rishi Kapoor in the hit film Laila Majnu. Rafi went on to sing many more songs for Rishi Kapoor in the subsequent hit films, including Hum Kisise Kum Naheen (1977), and Amar Akbar Anthony (1977). In 1977, he won both Filmfare Award and the National Award for the song "Kya Hua Tera Wada" from the movie Hum Kisise Kum Naheen, composed by R.D. Burman. He was nominated as the best singer at the Filmfare Awards for the qawwali "Pardah Hai Pardah" from Amar Akbar Anthony (1977). Rafi sang for many successful films in the late 1970s and the early 1980s many of whose hit songs were dominating the charts in the late 70s on radio programs such as Vividh Bharati, Binaca Geetmala and Radio Ceylon. Some of these include Bairaag (1976), Dharamveer (1977), Apnapan (1978), Ganga Ki Saugandh (1978), Suhaag (1979), Sargam (1979), Qurbani (1980), Dostana (1980), Karz (1980), The Burning Train (1980), Abdullah (1980), Shaan (1980), Aasha (1980), Aap To Aise Na The (1980), Naseeb (1981) and Zamane Ko Dikhana Hai (1982). In 1978, Rafi gave a performance at the Royal Albert Hall and in 1980 he performed at the Wembley conference centre. From 1970 until his death he toured around the world extensively giving concert performances to packed halls. In D

user: Did Rafi continue singing?

assistant: Rafi made a comeback as the leading singer in mid 1970s.
Título: Steven Moffat
Seção: Joking Apart
Background: Steven William Moffat  (; born 18 November 1961) is a Scottish television writer and producer, best known for his work as showrunner, writer and executive producer of British television series Doctor Who and Sherlock. Moffat's first television work was the teen drama series Press Gang. His first sitcom, Joking Apart, was inspired by the breakdown of his first marriage; conversely, his later sitcom Coupling was based upon the development of his relationship with television producer Sue Vertue.

Conteúdo: By 1990, Moffat had written two series of Press Gang, but the programme's high cost along with organisational changes at backers Central Independent Television cast its future in doubt. As Moffat wondered what to do next and worried about his future employment, Bob Spiers, Press Gang's primary director, suggested that he meet with producer Andre Ptaszynski to discuss writing a sitcom. Inspired by his experience working in education, Moffat's initial proposal was a programme similar to what would become Chalk, a sitcom set in a school that eventually aired in 1997. During the pitch meeting at the Groucho Club, Ptaszynski realised that Moffat was talking passionately about his impending divorce and suggested that he write about that instead of a school sitcom. Taking Ptaszynski's advice, Moffat's new idea was about "a sitcom writer whose wife leaves him". Moffat wrote two series of Joking Apart, which was directed by Bob Spiers, and starred Robert Bathurst and Fiona Gillies. The show won the Bronze Rose of Montreux and was entered for the Emmys. In an interview with Richard Herring, Moffat says that "The sit-com actually lasted slightly longer than my marriage." Fiona Gillies, who played the adulteress Becky, says that she was aware that some of her dialogue was based on what had been said to Moffat during his own separation. Moffat recycled his own dialogue: when he had learned that his wife's lover was a fan of Press Gang, he replied, "Well, did he have to fuck my wife? Most 

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: By 1990, Moffat had written two series of Press Gang,

user: What is joking apart?

assistant: Moffat's new idea was about "a sitcom writer whose wife leaves him". Moffat wrote two series of Joking Apart,

user: When was it released?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Family Servicemembers Group Life Insurance (FSGLI) 
Family SGLI, also known as Family Servicemembers Group Life Insurance FSGLI, offers coverage for the spouse and dependent children of service members covered under full - time SGLI. Find out how much coverage you may qualify for and how to apply for and manage your benefits. 

Am I eligible for FSGLI? 
You may be able to get FSGLI if you re the spouse or dependent child of a service member who meets one of the requirements listed below. One of these must be true. The service member is : On active duty and covered by full - time SGLI , or A member of the National Guard or Ready Reserve covered by full - time SGLI You may qualify to get FSGLI as the spouse of someone with SGLI coverage no matter if your own status is active duty, retired, or civilian. 

Who s covered? 
Spouses of service members covered under SGLI Dependent children of service members covered under SGLI 

How much coverage can I get with Family Servicemembers Group Life Insurance? 
Up to a maximum of $100,000 of coverage for you as a spouse , not to exceed your service member s SGLI coverage , and $10,000 for each dependent child. Dependent children get free coverage. 

How do I get these benefits? 


If you re the civilian spouse of a service member signed up for full-time SGLI 
We ll automatically insure you under FSGLI. In this case , we ll automatically take your premium out of your service member s pay. 

If you re a military spouse and you were married on or after January 2, 2013 
We won t automatically cover you. You ll need to sign up through your service member. If your service member is a member of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, Coast Guard, or National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , have them sign you up online through the SGLI Online Enrollment System SOES. To access SOES , have your service member : Go to milConnect Sign in. Go to Benefits, Life Insurance SOES- SGLI Online Enrollment System to sign up. Your service membe

user: How much will my service member pay for dependent coverage?

assistant:  [65] Nothing.s   [66] We provide dependent coverage at no cost until the child is 18 years old , or sometimes longer if the child meets one of the requirements listed below .

assistant: Do you want to know the requirements to continue receiving dependent coverage after age 18?

user: yes

assistant: The child :
Is a full - time student?

user: yes

user: Which forms would my service member need?

assistant: Do you want to request an advance insurance payment for a spouse who s terminally ill?

user: yes

assistant: a service member would file a Claim for Accelerated Benefits SGLV 8284A .s   [112] Download SGLV 8284A PDF
Título: Mohammed Zahir Shah
Seção: Exile
Background: Mohammed Zahir Shah (Pashto: mHmd Zhrshh, Persian: mHmd Zhr shh; 16 October 1914 - 23 July 2007) was the last King of Afghanistan, reigning from 8 November 1933 until he was deposed on 17 July 1973. He established friendly relations with many countries, including with both Cold War sides, and modernized the country from the 1950s.

Conteúdo: In 1973, while Zahir Shah was in Italy, undergoing eye surgery and therapy for lumbago, his cousin and former Prime Minister Mohammed Daoud Khan staged a coup d'etat and established a republican government. As a former prime minister, Daoud Khan had been forced to resign by Zahir Shah a decade earlier. During August 1974, Zahir Shah abdicated rather than risk a civil war, ending over 200 years of royal rule in Afghanistan. Zahir Shah lived in exile in Italy for twenty-nine years in a villa in the affluent community of Olgiata on Via Cassia, north of Rome where he spent his time playing golf and chess, as well as tending to his garden. He was prohibited from returning to Afghanistan during the late 1970s by the Soviet-assisted Communist government. In 1983 during the Soviet-Afghan War, Zahir Shah was cautiously involved with plans to develop a government in exile. Ultimately these plans failed because he could not reach a consensus with the powerful Islamist factions. It has also been reported that Afghanistan, the Soviet Union and India had all tried to persuade Zahir Shah to return as chief of a neutral, possibly interim, administration in Kabul. In 1991, Zahir Shah survived an attempt on his life by a knife-wielding assassin masquerading as a Portuguese journalist. After the fall of the pro-Soviet government, Zahir Shah was favored by many to return and restore the monarchy to unify the country and as he was acceptable to most factions. However these efforts were blocked mo

user: What does the article say about the Exile?

assistant: Zahir Shah lived in exile in Italy for twenty-nine years

user: why did he live in Exile?

assistant: his cousin and former Prime Minister Mohammed Daoud Khan staged a coup d'etat and established a republican government.
Título: John Hartson
Seção: Luton Town and Arsenal
Background: John Hartson was born on 5 April 1975 in Swansea, as the third of four children to Cyril and Diana Hartson. Cyril had also played football for local team Afan Lido. Hartson grew up in Talycoppa, Swansea, alongside his elder brother James, elder sister Hayley and younger sister Victoria. As a youngster Hartson represented Lonlas Boys' Club in Skewen, playing his first match aged six.

Conteúdo: Hartson turned professional in 1992 and made his Luton Town first team debut as a substitute in a 1-0 League Cup defeat to Cambridge United on 24 August 1993. In January 1995, at 19, he joined Arsenal for PS2.5 million, a British record fee for a teenage player at the time. Along with Chris Kiwomya, Hartson was one of George Graham's last signings before the manager's sacking in February 1995. He made his Arsenal debut on 14 January 1995, a 1-1 home draw with Everton, and scored his first goal for the club the following week, the only goal in a 1-0 away win at Coventry City. He was a regular for the remainder of his first season, a highlight of which was scoring Arsenal's 75th-minute equaliser in the 1995 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup Final against Real Zaragoza; however a last-minute goal from 40 yards by Nayim over David Seaman meant Arsenal lost the game 2-1. He was strike-partner to Ian Wright, being favoured ahead of Kevin Campbell to fill the gap left by the injured Alan Smith, who would retire at the end of the season. Following the signing of Dennis Bergkamp, who was preferred up front to partner Wright, Hartson went on to feature under Graham's successors Bruce Rioch and Arsene Wenger. With Wenger wanting him to stay at the club, Hartson though in February 1997 linked up with West Ham United in a PS3.2 million deal. At the time, he was the most expensive player to be signed by West Ham.The deal was initially reported to be worth PS5 million. In total, Hartson played 53 times

user: In what year did John Hartson join Luton Town?

assistant: Hartson turned professional in 1992 and made his Luton Town first team debut as a substitute in a 1-0 League Cup defeat to Cambridge United on 24 August 1993.
Benefits Planner: Retirement 


You Can Apply For Retirement Benefits Or Medicare 
Apply Online The easiest and quickest way to apply for retirement, spouse's, ex - spouse's, or Medicare benefits is to apply online. Apply By Phone Call us at If you are deaf or hard of hearing , you can call us at TTY Apply In Person Visit your local Social Security office. Call first to make an appointment. If you do not live in the U.S. or one of its territories you can also - Contact the nearest U.S. Social Security office, U.S. Embassy or consulate. You must be at least 61 years and 9 months old to apply for retirement benefits. If you are already age 62 , you may be able to start your benefits in the month you apply. You should apply for benefits no more than four months before the date you want your benefits to start. Benefits are paid the month after they are due. If your benefits start in April, you will receive your first benefit payment in May. If you are not getting Social Security and you are not ready to retire , you should still use our online retirement benefit application to sign up for just Medicare three months before your 65th birthday. 

When You Apply 
Please be ready to supply the information we need to approve your application for these benefits : You Need To Apply For Retirement Benefits Or Medicare - Form SSA-1 Information You Need to Apply for Spouse's or Divorced Spouse's Benefits Information - Form SSA-2 You Need To Apply for Child's Benefits - Form SSA-4 Information We may ask you to provide certain documents to show that you are eligible and help us decide how much your benefits should be. If you do not have a birth certificate , you may request one from the state where you were born. For details on where to write in your state , check. Also , bring along your bank information so you can sign up for Direct Deposit. If you do not have a bank account you can sign up for the Direct Express card program. With Direct Express , deposits from federal payments

user: Can I apply for retirement benefits or medicare?

assistant: you are asking if you can apply for retirement or medicare benefits correct?

user: that is correct.

assistant: ok thank you. Apply Online
If you have a problem driver restriction , you can drive only to and from your place of employment during the hours of your employment , if your occupation requires the operation of a motor vehicle to and from a medical appointment which is part of a necessary medical treatment for you or a member of your household you may be required to provide a written statement from your licensed medical provider that verifies the travel is necessary to and from a Motor Vehicle office to transact business related to the license / permit / privilege that contains a problem driver restriction if the child's attendance at the school / day to and from a child's school / day - care - care is necessary for you to maintain employment or to maintain enrollment at an accredited school , college or university or a state - approved institution of vocational or technical training to and from an accredited school, college or university or a State - approved institution of vocational or technical training in which you are enrolled These restrictions are outlined on an attachment issued to you by the DMV. You must carry the attachment whenever you operate a motor vehicle. 

To which classes of license can a problem driver restriction be applied? 
The problem driver restriction can only be applied to a class D license. It cannot be applied to any commercial driver license CDL Class A, B or C, junior operator license Class DJ, motorcycle operator license Class M or MJ or a class E driver license. 

Can I drive through New York State with my out-of-state CDL license if my New York State record has the problem driver restriction? 
No. A driver with a CDL issued in another state cannot operate a commercial motor vehicle in New York State with a problem driver restriction on their New York State record. 

Can I drive through New York State with my out-of-state license with the problem driver restriction? 
Yes. You must carry your completed, signed and dated problem driver restriction attachment and 

user: I have an ignition interlock device on my car but want to lend my car to my Mom to drive...what can I do to allow her to borrow my car?

assistant: Does your Mom have any driving restrictions?

user: No, she has a clean record.

user: Do I have to pay extra fees to have my Mom to then drive my equipped car?

assistant: You will need to check about interstate legislation if she might use the car out of state, as well.

user: What are the global restrictions I face?

assistant: I suggest you check with national and interstate legislation for this.

user: Ihave no convictions, what can I do for my Mom to drive my car?

assistant: You license can be revoked if you violate any terms of the prohibition.

user: If I pay my fines can I get an early removal of my restriction?

assistant: You may be able to have restrictions removed early if  you contact your State licensing Office with your circumstances.

user: Do cell phone violations affect my reinstatement?

assistant: Well, yes, if you are found guilty of any cell phone or texting violations.
Título: Victor Spinetti
Seção: Theatre
Background: Vittorio Giorgio Andre Spinetti was born on 2 September 1929 in Cwm, of Welsh and Italian descent from a grandfather who was said to have 'walked' from Italy to Wales to work as a coal miner, just to earn enough money to buy a plough. His parents, Giuseppe and Lily (nee Watson), owned the chip shop in Cwm, over which premises the family lived and where Spinetti was born. Spinetti was the eldest of six, and his younger brother, Henry (born 1951), is a session drummer. Spinetti was educated at Monmouth School and the Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama in Cardiff, of which he later became a Fellow.

Conteúdo: Spinetti's work in Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop produced many memorable performances including Fings Ain't Wot They Used T'Be (1959, by Frank Norman, with music by Lionel Bart), and Oh! What a Lovely War (1963), which transferred to New York City and for which he won a Tony Award for his main role as an obnoxious Drill Sergeant. He appeared in the West End in The Odd Couple (as Felix); in Chitty Chitty Bang Bang in the West End; and as Albert Einstein in a critically lauded performance in 2005 in a new play, Albert's Boy at the Finborough Theatre. He launched his own one-man show of witty reminiscences, A Very Private Diary, at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. One of Spinetti's most challenging theatre roles was as the principal male character in Jane Arden's radical feminist play Vagina Rex and the Gas Oven, which played to packed houses for six weeks at the Arts Lab on Drury Lane in 1969. In 1980 he directed The Biograph Girl, a musical about the silent film era, at the Phoenix Theatre. In 1986 he appeared as Fagin in the musical Oliver!, which was the last professional production to use Sean Kenny's original stage design. He appeared on Broadway in The Hostage and The Philanthropist, and also acted in 1995 with the Royal Shakespeare Company, in such roles as Lord Foppington in The Relapse and the Archbishop in Richard III, at Stratford-upon-Avon, although this was not a happy experience for him. Spinetti co-authored In His Own Write, the play adapted from a book by Joh

user: any interesting information?

assistant: Spinetti's work in Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop produced many memorable performances including Fings Ain't Wot They Used T'Be (1959,

user: what perfomances were produced

assistant: Fings Ain't Wot They Used T'Be (1959, by Frank Norman, with music by Lionel Bart), and Oh! What a Lovely War (1963),

user: how where these produstions recieved?

assistant: he won a Tony Award for his main role as an obnoxious Drill Sergeant.

user: what was the name of the production he played a drill sergeant in

assistant: Oh! What a Lovely War (

user: when was a lovely war made

assistant: 1963

user: any collaborations?

assistant: One of Spinetti's most challenging theatre roles was as the principal male character in Jane Arden's radical feminist play Vagina Rex and the Gas Oven,

user: how did the audience recive the play

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Sam & Dave
Seção: Atlantic produced records, first break-up, and reunion (1969-1972)
Background: Sam & Dave were an American soul and R&B duo who performed together from 1961 until 1981. The tenor (higher) voice was Sam Moore (born 1935) and the baritone/tenor (lower) voice was Dave Prater (1937-1988). Sam & Dave are members of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Grammy Hall of Fame, the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, the Memphis Music Hall of Fame, and are Grammy Award and multiple gold record award-winning artists.

Conteúdo: Jerry Wexler with co-producer Tom Dowd tried producing Sam & Dave in New York, with Atlantic songwriters and musicians. It took eight months to issue "Ooh, Ooh, Ooh", the first Atlantic single in August 1969. It was not a very good record, by Sam's own admission, and it represented the first time in four years that a Sam & Dave single failed to chart. Two more singles followed in 1970, "Baby, Baby, Don't Stop Now," and "One Part Love, Two Parts Pain." The first was a leftover Hayes-Porter recording from Stax; the second was produced by Wexler and Dowd in New York, and was written by Stax executive Al Bell and Allen Jones. Both failed to chart. According to Wexler, "We just made some shit-ass records with them. I never really got into their sensibilities as a producer." Wexler then sent the duo south to Muscle Shoals and Miami to work with producers Brad Shapiro and Dave Crawford for their next single "Knock It Out The Park," which also failed to chart. Sam & Dave split in June 1970, according to Moore as a result of Moore's dissatisfaction with the duo and his desire to pursue a career solo. According to Prater, they broke up because "[Moore] decided to do what he wanted to do on his own." Moore recorded three solo singles (none of which charted) for Atlantic over the next year and was preparing an album produced by King Curtis, which was shelved after Curtis was stabbed to death in 1971. Prater recorded a single for Alston. Neither was commercially successful as a solo act, 

user: What were the Atlantic produced records ?

assistant: Jerry Wexler with co-producer Tom Dowd tried producing Sam & Dave in New York, with Atlantic songwriters and musicians.

user: What did Sam and Dave do ?

assistant: It was not a very good record, by Sam's own admission,

user: What happened after they split ?

assistant: Moore recorded three solo singles (none of which charted) for Atlantic over the next year and was preparing an album produced by King Curtis,

user: Who is Moore ?

assistant: Sam

user: What did Sam Moore do after splitting up?

assistant: " Moore recorded three solo singles (none of which charted) for Atlantic over the next year and was preparing an album produced by King Curtis,

user: What else did Sam do ?

assistant: In October 1971, their last Atlantic single, "Don't Pull Your Love," was a cover of a hit by Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds.
Título: Jonathan Miller
Seção: 1960s: Beyond the Fringe
Background: Sir Jonathan Wolfe Miller, CBE (born 21 July 1934) is an English theatre and opera director, actor, author, television presenter, humourist, and medical doctor. While training in medicine, and specialising in neurology, in the late 1950s, he first came to prominence in the early 1960s with his role in the comedy revue Beyond the Fringe with fellow writers and performers Peter Cook, Dudley Moore and Alan Bennett. Miller began directing operas in the 1970s and has since become one of the world's leading opera directors with several classic productions to his credit. His best-known production is probably his 1982 "Mafia"-styled Rigoletto set in 1950s Little Italy, Manhattan.

Conteúdo: Miller helped to write and produce the musical revue Beyond the Fringe, which premiered at the Edinburgh Festival in August 1960. This launched, in addition to his own, the careers of Alan Bennett, Peter Cook and Dudley Moore. Miller quit the show shortly after its move from London to Broadway in 1962, and took over as editor and presenter of the BBC's flagship arts programme Monitor in 1965. All these appointments were unsolicited invitations, the Monitor appointment arose because Miller had approached Huw Wheldon about taking up a place on the BBC's director training course. Wheldon assured him that he would "pick it up as he went along". Miller's first experience of directing a stage-play was for John Osborne, whose Under Plain Cover he directed in 1962. In 1964, he directed the play The Old Glory by the American poet Robert Lowell in New York City. It was the first play produced at the American Place Theatre and starred Frank Langella, Roscoe Lee Brown, and Lester Rawlins. The play won five Obie Awards in 1965 including an award for "Best American Play" as well as awards for Langella, Brown and Rawlins. He wrote, produced, and directed an adaptation for television of Alice in Wonderland (1966) for the BBC. He followed this with Whistle and I'll Come to You (1968) starring Michael Hordern, a television adaptation of M. R. James's 1904 ghost story "Oh, Whistle, and I'll Come to You, My Lad". By 1970, his reputation in British theatre was such that he mounted a National Thea

user: What is Beyond the Fringe?

assistant: Miller helped to write and produce the musical revue Beyond the Fringe,
Benefits Planner: Retirement 


Online Calculator (WEP Version) 
The calculator shown below allows you to estimate your Social Security benefit. However , for the most accurate estimates , use the Detailed Calculator. You need to enter all your past earnings, which are shown on your online. Please Note: The Online Calculator is updated periodically * with new benefit increases and other benefit amounts. Therefore , it is likely that your benefit estimates in the future will differ from those calculated today. The Online Calculator works on PCs and Macs with Javascript enabled. Some browsers may not allow you to print the table below. Note: If your birthday is on January 1st , we figure your benefit as if your birthday was in the previous year. If you qualify for benefits as a Survivor , your full retirement age for survivors benefits may be different. 

user: I need help with the retirement benefits planner

assistant: Do you need help with the online calculator WEP version?

user: yes I do

assistant: The calculator allows you to estimate your Social Security benefit
Título: Mitt Romney
Seção: Subsequent activities
Background: Willard Mitt Romney (born March 12, 1947) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts from 2003 to 2007 and was the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2012 election. Raised in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan by his parents George and Lenore Romney, he spent 2 1/2  years in France as a Mormon missionary, starting in 1966. He married Ann Davies in 1969, and they have five sons. By 1971, he had participated in the political campaigns of both parents.

Conteúdo: During the first year following the election defeat, Romney generally kept a low profile, with his ordinary daily activities around San Diego being captured via social media glimpses. In December 2012, he joined the board of Marriott International for a third stint as a director. In March 2013, Romney gave a reflective interview on Fox News Sunday, stating, "It kills me not to be there, not to be in the White House doing what needs to be done." He again expressed regret at the "47 percent" remark, saying "There's no question that hurt and did real damage to my campaign." (He was still echoing both of these sentiments a year later.) Romney began working as executive partner group chairman for Solamere Capital, a private capital firm in Boston owned by his son Tagg. He was also involved in supporting several charitable causes. The Romneys bought a home again in the Deer Valley area of Park City, Utah, followed by a property in Holladay, Utah, where they plan to tear down an existing house and build a new one. They also gained long-sought permission to replace their La Jolla home with a much bigger one, including a car elevator that had brought some derision during the 2012 campaign. In addition, Romney and his siblings continue to own a cottage in the gated community called Beach O' Pines located south of Grand Bend, Ontario, which has been in the family for more than sixty years. With the new acquisitions the couple briefly had five homes, located near each of their five sons 

user: What has Romney been doing?

assistant: During the first year following the election defeat, Romney generally kept a low profile, with his ordinary daily activities around San Diego being captured via social media glimpses.

user: Where has he been active?

assistant: December 2012, he joined the board of Marriott International for a third stint as a director.
Benefits By Year Of Birth 
Full retirement age is the age at which a person may first become entitled to full or unreduced retirement benefits. No matter what your full retirement age also called " normal retirement age " is , you may start receiving benefits as early as age 62 or as late as age 70. 

If You Retire Early 
You can retire at any time between age 62 and full retirement age. However , if you start benefits early , your benefits are reduced a fraction of a percent for each month before your full retirement age. The chart below lists age 62 reduction amounts and includes examples based on an estimated monthly benefit of $1000 at full retirement age. Select your year of birth to find out how much your benefit will be reduced if you retire between age 62 and full retirement age. 

Full Retirement and Age 62 Benefit By Year Of Birth 


Pros And Cons 
There are advantages and disadvantages to taking your benefit before your full retirement age. The advantage is that you collect benefits for a longer period of time. The disadvantage is your benefit is reduced. Each person's situation is different. It is important to remember : if you delay your benefits until after full retirement age , you may be eligible for delayed retirement credits that would increase your monthly benefit ; that there are other things to consider when making the correct decision about your retirement benefits ; and to contact Social Security before you decide when to retire. 

user: what if you retire early?

assistant: You can retire at any time between age 62 and full retirement age 

assistant: what if i start benefits early?

user: if you start benefits early your benefits are reduced a fraction of

user: Is the benefits by year of birth?

assistant: Full retirement age is the age at which a person may first become entitled to full or unreduced retirement benefits .No matter what your full retirement age also called " normal retirement age "
Original Card for a U.S. Born Child 
Important Social Security must verify a birth record for all U.S .- born applicants who apply for an original Social Security number. An exception is made for a parent who applies for a baby's Social Security number at the hospital when the baby is born. To verify a birth record , Social Security will contact the office that issued it. All documents must be either originals or copies certified by the issuing agency. We cannot accept photocopies or notarized copies of documents. We also cannot accept a receipt showing you applied for the document. Get a certified copy of a document showing a birth, marriage or divorce that took place in the U.S. Adoption In some cases , we can assign your adopted child a number before the adoption is complete , but you may want to wait. Then , you can apply for the number using your child's new name. If you want to claim your child for tax purposes while the adoption is still pending , contact the Internal Revenue Service for Form W-7A, Application for Taxpayer Identification Number for Pending U.S. Adoptions. For more information, see Social Security Numbers For Children (Publication No. 05-10023). 

What original documents do I need? 
Citizenship We can accept only certain documents as proof of U.S. citizenship. These include a U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport. Age If your child has or can obtain a U.S .- State - Issued birth certificate that recorded his or her birth before age 5 , you must submit it. If not , we can consider other documents, such as your child's passport, to prove his or her age. Anyone age 12 or older requesting an original Social Security number must appear in person for an interview. We will ask for evidence to show that your child does not have a Social Security number. Here are examples of documents you can use to prove a Social Security number was never assigned : If your child lived outside the United States for an extended period , a current or previous passpo

user: What kind of documents are required to get a card?

assistant: You need an original proof of citizenship.

assistant: If it's for a child, you need a State issued birth certificate recorded before the child was 5.
Título: Chamillionaire
Seção: 2005-2006: The Sound of Revenge
Background: Hakeem Seriki (born November 28, 1979), better known by his stage name Chamillionaire (), is an American musician, rapper, entrepreneur, and investor from Houston, Texas. He is the CEO of Chamillitary Entertainment. Chamillionaire was also the founder and an original member of the Color Changin' Click until the group split in 2005. He began his career independently with local releases in 2002, including collaboration album

Conteúdo: Chamillionaire's first major solo release The Sound of Revenge was released through Chamillitary Entertainment and Universal Records on November 22, 2005. The album debuted and peaked at number 10 on the Billboard 200 album chart in the United States. The album's lead single was "Turn It Up", featuring Lil' Flip produced by Scott Storch, followed by "Ridin'", featuring Krayzie Bone of Bone Thugs-n-Harmony produced by Play-N-Skillz; "Ridin'" reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100. Its video also was named "Best Rap Video" at the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards. In 2007, he won a Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for "Ridin'". He was at that time signed with Michael 5000 Watts' Swishahouse label. Comedic performer "Weird Al" Yankovic made a parody of the song entitled "White & Nerdy", for his own album Straight Outta Lynwood. The third single from the album was "Grown and Sexy". Additionally, the bonus track "Grind Time" was featured in the video game NBA Live 06. The album was certified platinum by the RIAA, and a chopped and screwed version, screwed by OG Ron C, was released in February 2006. Guest appearances for the album included Lil' Flip, Natalie, Krayzie Bone, Bun B, Lil Wayne, Pastor Troy, Killer Mike, Scarface, singer Billy Cook, and his brother Rasaq. Chamillionaire won the Best New Artist award for the 2006 BET Awards The second installment to the Mixtape Messiah series, Mixtape Messiah 2, was released January 5, 2006. Later in 2006, Chamillio

user: What happened in 2005?

assistant: Chamillionaire's first major solo release The Sound of Revenge was released through Chamillitary Entertainment and Universal Records on November 22, 2005.

user: Did it do well on the charts?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Jimmy Buffett
Seção: Controversy
Background: James "Jimmy" William Buffett (born December 25, 1946) is an American musician, songwriter, author, actor, and businessman. He is best known for his music, which often portrays an "island escapism" lifestyle. Together with his Coral Reefer Band, Buffett has recorded hit songs including "Margaritaville" (ranked 234th on the Recording Industry Association of America's list of "Songs of the Century") and "Come Monday". He has a devoted base of fans known as "Parrotheads".

Conteúdo: The earliest controversy with Buffett was his recording of "God's Own Drunk" on the album Living and Dying in 3/4 Time. In 1983, the son of the late entertainer Lord Buckley sued Buffett for $11 million for copyright infringement, claiming that Buffett took parts of the monologue from Buckley's A Tribute to Buckley and claimed it as his own work in "God's Own Drunk". The suit also alleged that Buffett's "blasphemous" rendition presented to the public a distorted impression of Lord Buckley. A court injunction against Buffett prevented him from performing the song until the lawsuit was settled or resolved, so starting in 1983, Buffett would get to the part of his show where he would normally perform "God's Own Drunk", he would say that he was not allowed to play it because of the lawsuit and instead played a song he wrote called "The Lawyer and the Asshole" in which he accuses Buckley's son and lawyers as being greedy and tells them to "kiss his ass." In January 1996, Buffett's Grumman HU-16 airplane named Hemisphere Dancer was shot at by Jamaican police, who believed the craft to be smuggling marijuana. The aircraft sustained minimal damage. The plane had previously been carrying Buffett, as well as U2's Bono, and Island Records producer Chris Blackwell, and co-pilot Bill Dindy, but they were not on board at the time. The Jamaican government acknowledged the mistake and apologized to Buffett, who penned the song "Jamaica Mistaica" for his Banana Wind album based on the experie

user: What controversy was Jimmy Buffett involved in?

assistant: The earliest controversy with Buffett was his recording of "God's Own Drunk"

user: Why did this recording cause controversy?

assistant: In 1983, the son of the late entertainer Lord Buckley sued Buffett for $11 million for copyright infringement,

user: How did things work out in court?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was the suit resolved?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What is another controversy that Jimmy was involved in?

assistant: Buffett's Grumman HU-16 airplane named Hemisphere Dancer was shot at by Jamaican police, who believed the craft to be smuggling marijuana.

user: Was anyone in Buffett's airplane hurt?

assistant: The aircraft sustained minimal damage.

user: How was this situation resolved?

assistant: The Jamaican government acknowledged the mistake and apologized to Buffett,
Título: Sandra Day O'Connor
Seção: Foreign law
Background: Sandra Day O'Connor (born March 26, 1930) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan to 2006. She is the first woman to serve on the Court. Prior to O'Connor's tenure on the Court, she was an elected official and judge in Arizona serving as the first female Majority Leader of a state senate as the Republican leader in the Arizona Senate. Upon her nomination to the Court, O'Connor was confirmed unanimously by the Senate.

Conteúdo: O'Connor was a vigorous defender of the citing of foreign laws in judicial decisions. In a well-publicized October 28, 2003, speech at the Southern Center for International Studies, O'Connor said: The impressions we create in this world are important and can leave their mark ... [T]here is talk today about the "internationalization of legal relations". We are already seeing this in American courts, and should see it increasingly in the future. This does not mean, of course, that our courts can or should abandon their character as domestic institutions. But conclusions reached by other countries and by the international community, although not formally binding upon our decisions, should at times constitute persuasive authority in American courts--what is sometimes called "transjudicialism". In the speech she noted the 2002 Court case, Atkins v. Virginia, in which the majority decision (which included her) cited disapproval of the death penalty in Europe as part of its argument. This speech, and the general concept of relying on foreign law and opinion, was widely criticized by conservatives. In May 2004, the U.S. House of Representatives responded by passing a non-binding resolution, the "Reaffirmation of American Independence Resolution", stating that "U.S. judicial decisions should not be based on any foreign laws, court decisions, or pronouncements of foreign governments unless they are relevant to determining the meaning of American constitutional and statutory law." O'Con

user: what did she do with foreign law?

assistant: O'Connor was a vigorous defender of the citing of foreign laws in judicial decisions.
Título: Ian Johnson (cricketer)
Seção: Early years
Background: Ian William Geddes Johnson CBE (8 December 1917 - 9 October 1998) was an Australian cricketer who played 45 Test matches as a slow off-break bowler between 1946 and 1956. Johnson captured 109 Test wickets at an average of 29.19 runs per wicket and as a lower order batsman made 1,000 runs at an average of 22.92 runs per dismissal. He captained the Australian team in 17 Tests, winning seven and losing five, with a further five drawn. Despite this record, he is better known as the captain who lost consecutive Ashes series against England.

Conteúdo: Johnson was born in North Melbourne, an inner suburb of Melbourne, on 8 December 1918. His father, William Johnson--a wine and spirit grocer--was a keen cricketer who played one first-class match for Victoria in 1924-25 before serving as a selector for the Australian Test team. As a schoolboy, Ian Johnson excelled at a variety of sports. He participated in athletics and Australian rules football, as well as playing as a wicket-keeper for Middle Park State School. In 1936, he became the Victorian amateur squash champion. However, he found his vocation in cricket. In 1934-35, aged only 16, and still a schoolboy at Wesley College, Johnson played his first match for the South Melbourne Cricket Club First XI. He was given the opportunity to play first-class cricket the following season, playing Tasmania--not then involved in the Sheffield Shield competition--just 23 days past his seventeenth birthday. He scored 34 and 26 and took two wickets in each innings as Tasmania won by six wickets. He was retained for the next game, scoring 15 runs in his only innings and taking 3 wickets for 40 runs (3/40) in the Tasmanian first innings and 1/27 in the second. He did not play first-class cricket again for three years, finally returning to the Victorian side to play another two games against Tasmania in 1938-39, making his highest first-class score to date, 88 runs, in the second game. He secured his place in the Victorian team in the 1939-40 season, making his Sheffield Shield debut agains

user: Where was he born?

assistant: Australian

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: As a schoolboy, Ian Johnson excelled at a variety of sports. He participated in athletics and Australian rules football,

user: Who were his parents?

assistant: father, William Johnson--a wine and spirit grocer

user: Who was his mother?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was he influenced by anyone?

assistant: His father, William Johnson--a wine and spirit grocer--was a keen cricketer who played one first-class match for Victoria in 1924-25

user: Where did he go to school?

assistant: Middle Park State School.

user: Did he go to college?

assistant: Wesley College,
Título: Spirit (rover)
Seção: Equipment wear and failures
Background: Spirit, also known as MER-A (Mars Exploration Rover - A) or MER-2, is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, Opportunity (MER-B), landed on the other side of the planet. Its name was chosen through a NASA-sponsored student essay competition.

Conteúdo: Both rovers passed their original mission time of 90 sols many times over and the extended time on the surface, and therefore additional stress on components, resulted in some issues developing. On sol 778 (March 13, 2006), the right front wheel ceased working after having covered 4.2 mi (7 km) on Mars. Engineers began driving the rover backwards, dragging the dead wheel. Although this resulted in changes to driving techniques, the dragging effect became a useful tool, partially clearing away soil on the surface as the rover traveled, thus allowing areas to be imaged that would normally be inaccessible. However, in mid-December 2009, to the surprise of the engineers, the right front wheel showed slight movement in a wheel-test on sol 2113 and clearly rotated with normal resistance on three of four wheel-tests on sol 2117, but stalled on the fourth. On sols 2100-2101 (Nov 29, 2009), the right rear wheel also stalled and remained inoperable for the remainder of the mission. Scientific instruments also experienced degradation as a result of exposure to the harsh Martian environment and use over a far longer period than had been anticipated by the mission planners. Over time, the diamond in the resin grinding surface of the Rock Abrasion Tool wore down, after that the device could only be used to brush targets. All of the other science instruments and engineering cameras continued to function until contact was lost; however, towards the end of Spirit's life, the MIMOS II Mossbaue

user: What kind of equipment failures were there?

assistant: On sol 778 (March 13, 2006), the right front wheel ceased working

user: What did they do to fix the problem?

assistant: Engineers began driving the rover backwards, dragging the dead wheel.
Student loan forbearance allows you to temporarily stop making payments. 
Find out if a forbearance is the best option for your situation. With forbearance , you won t have to make a payment , or you can temporarily make a smaller payment. However , you probably won t be making any progress toward forgiveness or paying back your loan. As an alternative , consider income - driven repayment. NEW : Automatic Suspension of Monthly Payments as a Result of the COVID-19 National Emergency To provide relief to student loan borrowers during the COVID-19 national emergency , federal student loan borrowers are automatically being placed in an administrative forbearance, which allows you to temporarily stop making your monthly loan payments. This suspension of payments will last from March 13 , 2020, through Sept. 30 , 2020 , but you can still make payments if you choose. Have questions? Find out what loans qualify and get additional information about this forbearance and other student loan flexibilities due to the COVID-19 national emergency. 

Get Relief With Lower Payments on an Income-Driven Repayment Plan 
If you re having trouble repaying your loans due to circumstances that may continue for an extended period, or if you re unsure when you ll be able to afford to make your monthly loan payments again , a better option might be to change to an income - driven repayment plan. Income - driven repayment plans base your monthly payments on your income and family size. In some cases , your payment could be as low as $0 per month. They can also provide loan forgiveness if your loan is not paid in full after 20 or 25 years. Always contact your student loan servicer immediately if you re having trouble making your student loan payments. If you re seeking Public Service Loan Forgiveness PSLF or income - driven repayment forgiveness , forbearance will not allow you to make progress toward forgiveness. 

Be Aware That Interest Might Accrue During a Forbearance 
If you are granted a

user: How can I request an indulgence?

assistant: You must know what type of leniency you are going to apply for. You must provide your student loan servicer with documentation to demonstrate that you meet the eligibility requirements for the leniency you are requesting.

user: What are the types of tolerance?

assistant: are two main types you must provide your student loan servicer with documentation

user: Can I request a general leniency if I am temporarily unable to make monthly payments on my scheduled loan?

assistant: Do you have financial difficulties?

user: not yet

assistant: Do you have medical expenses?

user: I have no medical expenses

assistant: Have you recently changed jobs?

user: no

assistant: Do you have acceptable reasons to request a general indulgence?

user: for now i don't have

assistant: in this case you will not be able to request a general indulgence