dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Louis Pasteur
Seção: Fermentation
Background: Louis Pasteur (, French: [lwi pastoeR]; December 27, 1822 - September 28, 1895) was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and prevention of diseases, and his discoveries have saved many lives ever since. He reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax. His medical discoveries provided direct support for the germ theory of disease and its application in clinical medicine.

Conteúdo: Scientists before Pasteur had studied fermentation. In the 1830s, Charles Cagniard-Latour, Friedrich Traugott Kutzing and Theodor Schwann used microscopes to study yeasts and concluded that yeasts were living organisms. In 1839, Justus von Liebig, Friedrich Wohler and Jons Jacob Berzelius stated that yeast was not an organism and was produced when air acted on plant juice. In 1855, Antoine Bechamp, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Montpellier, conducted experiments with sucrose solutions and concluded that water was the factor for fermentation. He changed his conclusion in 1858, stating that fermentation was directly related to the growth of moulds, which required air for growth. He regarded himself as the first to show the role of microorganisms in fermentation. Pasteur started his experiments in 1857 and published his findings in 1858 (April issue of Comptes Rendus Chimie, Bechamp's paper appeared in January issue). Bechamp noted that Pasteur did not bring any novel idea or experiments. On the other hand, Bechamp was probably aware of Pasteur's 1857 preliminary works. With both scientists claiming priority on the discovery, a dispute, extending to several areas, lasted throughout their lives. However, Bechamp was on the losing side, as the BMJ obituary remarked: His name was "associated with bygone controversies as to priority which it would be unprofitable to recall". Bechamp proposed the incorrect theory of microzymes. According to K. L. Manchester, anti-vivise

user: What is fermentation?

assistant: fermentation was directly related to the growth of moulds, which required air for growth.

user: How do Pasteur and fermentation go together?

assistant: Pasteur believed that fermentation was only due to living cells.

user: Did he prove his theory?

assistant: Hans Buchner discovered that zymase catalyzed fermentation, showing that fermentation was catalyzed by enzymes within cells.
What is a suspension for failure to pay tolls? 
If you do not pay a required toll, fee or other charge to a tolling authority, which operates a toll highway, bridge and/or tunnel facility, your registration may be suspended. 

Who issues toll violations? 
A tolling authority , which includes the New York State Thruway Authority, the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority MTA Bridges and Tunnels and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. 

What happens if I don t pay a toll? 
If you fail to pay tolls, fees or other charges in relation to 3 or more tolling violations, all committed within 5 years, or fail to pay $200 in tolls accumulated within 5 years, if the violations occurred in a commercial vehicle, or fail to have them dismissed or transferred , the NYS Department of Motor Vehicles, " DMV " may send you a Notice of Registration Suspension. The notice will advise you that if you pay all of the tolls, fees or other charges owed to the tolling authority, or have them dismissed or transferred, the suspension will not take effect. You also have the right to a hearing before the DMV. If you request a DMV hearing , the suspension is placed on hold pending the outcome of the hearing. 

What is the purpose of a DMV hearing? 
The purpose of the hearing is to determine whether the tolling authority notified you that you failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges related to 3 or more violations of the Authority s toll collection regulations, all such violations committed within a 5 year period, or failed to pay $200 in tolls accumulated within 5 years, if the violations occurred in a commercial vehicle, or failed to have them dismissed or transferred. At the hearing , you may NOT dispute whether you evaded a toll and/or failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges. You must raise those issues with the tolling authority outside of the hearing. 

Must I appear for the hearing? 
As the Notice of Registration Suspension indicates , you may request an in - person DMV hea

user: what are my options for a hearing on my toll problem?

assistant: Have you received a Notice of Registration Suspension?

user: yes

assistant: As the notice states you may request an in-person DMV hearing or you may request a hearing by affidavit.  The Notice of Registration Suspension provides instructions on how to submit an affidavit to DMV if that is what you choose to do.

user: why do we need the hearing?

assistant: The purpose of the hearing is to determine whether the tolling authority notified you that you failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges related to 3 or more violations of the Authority’s toll collection regulations, all such violations committed within a 5-year period, or failed to pay $200 in tolls accumulated within 5 years, if the violations occurred in a commercial vehicle. At the hearing, you may NOT dispute whether you evaded a toll and/or failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges. 

user: so I can just do the affidavit on the hearing and I won't have to show up?

assistant: If you submit the affidavit you will not have to appear at the hearing
Work study 
Find out how our Veterans work - study program can help you earn money while you re enrolled in a college, a vocational school, or professional training program. 

Can I take part in the Veterans work-study program? 
You can take part in our work - study program if you meet all of the requirements listed below. All of these must be true. You: Are enrolled at least three - quarter time in a college degree, vocational, or professional program , and Have found an open job either at a nearby VA facility or in a VA - related role at your school , and Can finish the work - study contract while you still qualify for education benefits , and Are using an approved VA education benefits program to pay for your education or training Approved VA education benefits programs include : Post-9/11 GI Bill for Veterans Post-9/11 GI Bill for family members using transferred benefits Montgomery GI Bill Active Duty MGIB - AD Montgomery GI Bill Selected Reserve MGIB - SR Veterans Educational Assistance Program VEAP Survivors and Dependents Educational Assistance (DEA) (Note: Dependents who qualify under 38 U.S.C. Chapter 35 may use work study only while enrolled at a school in one of the 50 states.) National Call to Service Vocational rehabilitation and employment 

What kind of benefits can I get? 
You can get paid to work a part - time job while you study. 

How do I get these benefits? 
You ll need to apply for the work - study program by filling out an Application for Work - Study Allowance VA Form 22 - 8691. Download VA Form 22 - 8691 PDF If you have any questions about the program , contact the VA regional processing office that handles your claim. Contact your VA regional processing office If you have questions about other sources of financial assistance , contact your school s financial aid office. 

What kind of job can I get? 
You can get a job that s related to VA work, meets your interests, and fills a need. For example , you can work for a : VA facility Departm

user: Can you tell me more about this work-study program of yours?

assistant: Of course. Here, you can find out how our Veterans work-study program can help you earn money while you re enrolled in a college, a vocational school, or professional training program.
Receiving Financial Aid 
Your college or career school not the U.S. Department of Education will distribute your federal student aid. You ve told your school which financial aid you want to accept. Learn about when and how you will receive the aid. 

When You ll Receive Your Financial Aid 
The type of aid you accepted affects when you ll get your aid. 

Grants and Student Loans 
Generally , your school will give you your grant or loan money in at least two payments called disbursements. In most cases , your school must give you your grant or loan money at least once per term semester, trimester, or quarter. Schools that don t use traditional terms such as semesters or quarters usually must give you your grant or loan money at least twice for instance, at the beginning and midpoint of your academic year or program. Note: If you re a parent taking out a Direct PLUS Loan to help pay for your child s education expenses , your loan funds will be disbursed according to the same type of schedule. The following may apply if you haven t taken out a federal student loan before : If you re a first - year undergraduate student and a first - time borrower , you may have to wait 30 days after the first day of your enrollment period semester, trimester, etc. before your school is allowed to give you your loan money. Check with your school to see whether this rule applies. If you re a first - time borrower of a Direct Subsidized Loan or a Direct Unsubsidized Loan , you must complete entrance counseling before your school can give you your loan money. If you are a graduate or professional student taking out a Direct PLUS Loan for the first time , you must complete entrance counseling before you receive your first loan disbursement. Note: Counseling isn t required if you re a parent taking out a Direct PLUS Loan to help pay for your child s education. 

Work-Study 
If you re going to have a work - study job , you ll be paid at least once a month. If you don t receive the type or am

user: Hi, I was wondering if you need to cancel textbooks and other materials if or have you received the help?

assistant: It is noteworthy that schools that participate in federal programs must provide all of these elements.

user: What schools are in the program?

assistant: Of note, you may be eligible for disbursement and other benefits.

user: What does that plan consist of, please?

assistant: That is, if you have a credit balance, it can be used for other things.

user: What other charges can be implemented?

assistant: Schools must provide the information respectively.
Schedule and take a road test[1] 
Use the DMV Road test system to schedule confirm, cancel or reschedule a driving skills road test including CDL and motorcycle online or by phone. 

If you are under 18 
If you are under age 18 , you must wait at least 6 months from the date you received your learner permit to schedule your road test. 

Fee 
The fee for up to two road tests for a non - commercial license is in your $10.00 driver license application fee. If you do not pass your first two tests , you must pay another $10.00 fee for up to two more tests. There is no refund if you do not take both tests. For a road test for a commercial driver license CDL the fee for a single test is $40.00. See Get a CDL [2]. 

You need 
a valid New York State learner permit see a sample learner permit [3 ] an original, unexpired Pre - Licensing Course Certificate MV-278 or a Student Certificate of Completion MV-285 1 at least one unused test available 2 the ZIP Code for the test site - find test locations, directions and ZIP Codes [4 ] 

Finding a test location and date 
You do not need to take your test in the area of the state where you live. The system offers the earliest available dates and times at sites near the ZIP Code you provide. Tests are almost always on weekdays only rarely do we offer them on a Saturday 

Schedule, confirm, cancel or reschedule now 
To reschedule your test , you must cancel your appointment before you can search for a new date you cannot have more than one appointment at a time. Schedule , cancel or reschedule a road test online [5 ] Schedule by phone : 1 - 518 - 402 - 2100 

On your test day 


Make sure your test was not rescheduled or relocated 
Tests can be cancelled / rescheduled or relocated because of bad weather or road construction. Before you leave for your test , check the DMV cancellations , closings and delays [6] webpage or call 1 - 518 - 402 - 2100. 

Be on time 
Try to arrive up to 30 minutes before the time of your test. If you are lat

user: What follows after passing the test?

assistant: You must first schedule and take a practical exam

user: If I wanted additional classes, how should I pay?

assistant: Do you want to pay for additional tests?
Título: George S. Boutwell
Seção: Early Civil War years
Background: George S. Boutwell was born on January 28, 1818 in Brookline, Massachusetts. According to his autobiographical memoir, Boutwell was raised on his family's farm in Lunenburg and attended public schools until the age of seventeen. During the summer months he worked barefooted, tending oxen and picking chestnuts. Boutwell was educated in arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and Latin grammar.

Conteúdo: Boutwell attended the Peace Conference of 1861 in Washington, D.C. which attempted to prevent the impending Civil War, and served as a liaison between the federal government and Massachusetts Governor John Albion Andrew in April 1861. In the peace conference, he angrily rejected Southern proposals favoring the extension of slavery and its enforcement in northern states, arguing that "the Union is not worth preserving" if such measures are needed to do so. In June and July 1862, Boutwell served on a military commission in the Department of War, investigating irregularities in the quartermaster's department of General John C. Fremont, who commanded the Union Army's Department of the West. Assistant Quartermaster Reuben Hatch, whose brother was a political supporter of President Abraham Lincoln, had been defrauding the department, and the commission was established on Lincoln's order to forestall a court martial. Boutwell spent two months in the army camp at Cairo, Illinois, under conditions he described as "disagreeable to an extent that cannot be realized easily" because of flooding and unsanitary conditions. The commission cleared Hatch. In July 1862, while he was still in Cairo, Boutwell was appointed the first Commissioner of Internal Revenue by President Lincoln. He spent his eight months in that post organizing the new Internal Revenue Bureau. He was described by Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase as having the "highest obtainable ability and integrity", and oversa

user: What did George do in the early civil war years?

assistant: Boutwell attended the Peace Conference of 1861
Título: Bill Walton
Seção: Portland Trail Blazers
Background: William Theodore Walton III (born November 5, 1952) is an American retired basketball player and television sportscaster. Walton became known playing for John Wooden's powerhouse UCLA Bruins in the early 1970s, winning three successive College Player of the Year Awards, while leading the Bruins to two Division I national titles. He then went on to have a prominent career in the National Basketball Association (NBA) where he was a league Most Valuable Player (MVP) and won two NBA championships.

Conteúdo: On leaving college, Walton was drafted by the San Diego Conquistadors of the American Basketball Association and also taken as the number one overall by the Portland Trail Blazers in the 1974 NBA draft and was hailed as the savior of the Portland franchise. He signed with the Trail Blazers but his first two seasons were marred by injury (at different times he broke his nose, foot, wrist and leg) and the Blazers missed the playoffs both years. It was not until the 1976-77 season that he was healthy enough to play 65 games and, spurred by new head coach Jack Ramsay, the Trail Blazers became the Cinderella team of the NBA. Walton led the NBA in both rebounds per game and blocked shots per game that season, and he was selected to the NBA All-Star Game, but did not participate due to an injury. Walton was named to the NBA's First All-Defensive Team and the All-NBA Second Team for his regular season accomplishments. In the postseason, Walton led Portland to a sweep of the Los Angeles Lakers in the conference finals (arguably holding his own against Kareem Abdul-Jabbar during the series) and went on to help the Trail Blazers to the NBA title over the favored Philadelphia 76ers despite losing the first two games of the series. Walton was named the Finals MVP. The following year, the Blazers won 50 of their first 60 games before Walton suffered a broken foot in what turned out to be the first in a string of foot and ankle injuries that cut short his career. He nonetheless won the leag

user: What is the Portland Trail Blazers

assistant: the Trail Blazers became the Cinderella team of the NBA.

user: When did he join the Portland Trailblazers ?

assistant: 1974 NBA draft
Título: David Cook (singer)
Seção: 2008-09: Major label debut and David Cook
Background: Cook was born in Houston, Texas and raised in Blue Springs, Missouri. His parents are Beth Foraker and Stanley Cook. He is the middle of three brothers - the late Adam Cook being older and Andrew younger. He is of German, Irish, and English descent.

Conteúdo: Cook worked with Espionage, Ed Roland (Collective Soul), Zac Maloy (The Nixons), Jason Wade (Lifehouse), Neal Tiemann (the Midwest Kings), Kevin Griffin (Better Than Ezra), Chantal Kreviazuk, and Raine Maida (Our Lady Peace) on his self-titled, major label debut album. The album was produced by Rob Cavallo. On Ryan Seacrest's morning show On Air of KIIS-FM on September 5, 2008, the singer revealed that the CD release date would be November 18, 2008. The first single released from the album, "Light On" was announced on Cook's official site and debuted on September 23, 2008. By the week of October 10, 2008, the song had reached no. 17 on the Billboard Hot 100. The single was certified platinum January 20, 2010. This is followed by a dual release of Come Back to Me and Bar-ba-sol, with "Come Back to Me" being released to HAC radio stations and Bar-ba-sol to rock radio. The music video for "Come Back to Me" was released on April 4, 2009. His debut album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association for America (RIAA) for sales exceeding one-million units in January 2009. He was presented with his plaque while recording a performance that was aired during the April 1, 2009, episode of American Idol. On January 23, 2009, Cook announced he would be embarking on his first headlining national tour, the Declaration tour. Cook had earlier announced via his myspace blog that two former bandmates from Midwest Kings (MWK) would join his band, with Neal Tiemann as the lead gu

user: What was the first song released by David Cook?

assistant: The first single released from the album, "Light On" was announced on Cook's official site

user: Who owns XIX Records?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: The Monkees
Seção: The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees
Background: The Monkees were an American rock and pop band originally active between 1966 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series The Monkees which aired from 1966 to 1968. The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith, and Peter Tork; and British actor and singer Davy Jones.

Conteúdo: In assigning instruments for purposes of the television show, a dilemma arose as to which of the four would be the drummer. Both Nesmith (a skilled guitarist and bassist) and Tork (who could play several stringed and keyboard instruments) were peripherally familiar with the instrument but both declined to give the drum set a try. Jones knew how to play the drums and tested well enough initially on the instrument, but the producers felt that, behind a drum kit, the camera would exaggerate his short stature and make him virtually hidden from view. Thus, Dolenz (who only knew how to play the guitar) was assigned to become the drummer. Tork taught Dolenz his first few beats on the drums, enough for him to fake his way through filming the pilot, but he was soon taught how to play properly. Thus, the lineup for the TV show most frequently featured Nesmith on guitar, Tork on bass, Dolenz on drums and Jones as a frontman, singer and percussionist. This, however, is in opposition to the lineup which would have made the most sense based upon the members' musical strengths. For example, Tork was actually a more experienced guitar player than Nesmith, while Nesmith had at one time specifically trained on the bass. While Jones certainly had a strong lead voice and sings lead on several Monkees recordings, Dolenz's voice is regarded, particularly by Nesmith, as one of the most distinctive in popular music history and a hallmark of the Monkees' sound. This theoretical lineup was actually de

user: What is The birds,the bees, and the Monkees?

assistant: The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees reached No. 3 on the Billboard charts

user: what is a song they released?

assistant: Daydream Believer" and "Valleri

user: what did critics think of the band?

assistant: Verbally and musically, Mike Nesmith is one of the most articulate spokesmen for the new and literate breed of pop musicians

user: who are the band members?

assistant: Nesmith (a skilled guitarist and bassist) and Tork (who could play several stringed and keyboard instruments)

user: what song was a big hit?

assistant: "Daydream Believer

user: did they collaborate with anyone?

assistant: Boyce and Hart

user: on what song?

assistant: During the summer 1967 tour of the United States and the UK (

user: what is a noteworthy fact regarding the Monkees?

assistant: The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees reached No. 3 on the Billboard charts shortly after it was released in April 1968.
Direct PLUS Loans are federal loans that parents of dependent undergraduate students can use to help pay for college or career school. 
PLUS loans can help pay for education expenses not covered by other financial aid. The U.S. Department of Education makes Direct PLUS Loans to eligible parents through schools participating in the Direct Loan Program. We also offer PLUS loans for graduate or professional students. A Direct PLUS Loan is commonly referred to as a parent PLUS loan when made to a parent borrower. Looking to apply? Use the online application to apply for a parent PLUS loan. Important: Most schools require you to submit the PLUS loan application online, although some schools have different application processes. Note: Before you apply for a PLUS loan , make sure your child has already filled out the Free Application for Federal Student Aid FAFSA form. 

Am I eligible for a parent PLUS loan? 
To receive a parent PLUS loan , you must be the biological or adoptive parent or in some cases, the stepparent of a dependent undergraduate student enrolled at least half - time at an eligible school ; not have an adverse credit history unless you meet certain additional requirements ; and meet the general eligibility requirements for federal student aid. Your child must also meet these requirements. Note: Grandparents unless they have legally adopted the dependent student and legal guardians are not eligible to receive parent PLUS loans, even if they have had primary responsibility for raising the student. Try This Resource Federal Student Loans : Direct PLUS Loan Basics for Parents Provides parents with information on Direct PLUS Loans for parents. Includes an overview of eligibility, the application process, and repayment. 

What is the current interest rate? 
For Direct PLUS Loans first disbursed on or after July 1 , 2019, and before July 1 , 2020 , the interest rate is 7.08 %. This is a fixed interest rate for the life of the loan. 

How much can I borrow? 
The

user: I'm here for plus loan info?

assistant: They can help you pay for education expenses not covered by other financial aid

user: where do I apply for a parent plus loan?

assistant: You can use the online application to apply for a parent PLUS loan
Título: Yuvraj Singh
Seção: International breakthrough
Background: Yuvraj Singh ( pronunciation ) (born 12 December 1981) is an Indian international cricketer, who plays all forms of the game. An all-rounder who bats left-handed in the middle order and bowls slow left-arm orthodox, Yuvraj is the son of former Indian fast bowler and Punjabi actor Yograj Singh. Yuvraj has been a member of the Indian cricket team in ODIs since October 2000 and played his first Test match in October 2003.

Conteúdo: Yuvraj was selected in the Indian squad for the 2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy in the back of his impressive outings for the Under-19 team. He made his international debut against Kenya in the pre-quarterfinal. He bowled four overs conceding 16 runs but did not get to bat. In the quarterfinal match against Australia, Yuvraj won the man of the match for his innings of 84 (80), against a pace attack consisting of Glenn McGrath, Brett Lee and Jason Gillespie, that helped India win by 20 runs. In the semifinal against South Africa, he scored 41 and picked 1/15. He scored only 14 against New Zealand in the final which India lost. The tournament was followed by a tri-series involving India, Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe. Yuvraj scored just 55 runs in five innings at an average of 11. Yuvraj averaged 15.50 in the ODI series against the touring Zimbabwe side in December 2000 after which he was dropped from the team. Yuvraj made his comeback during the 2001 Coca-Cola Cup in Sri Lanka. He scored a crucial 98* against Sri Lanka in the fifth match in an otherwise disappointing series with the bat. However, he proved to be useful with the ball as he took 8 wickets at an average of 27. In the Standard Bank triangular series involving hosts South Africa, India and Kenya, Yuvraj managed to score only 69 runs from 6 innings, including a duck in the final against South Africa. Following this, Dinesh Mongia and Hemang Badani were chosen over Yuvraj in the squad for the home series against England in January

user: What was his big breakthrough?

assistant: Yuvraj made his comeback during the 2001 Coca-Cola Cup in Sri Lanka. He scored a crucial 98* against Sri Lanka in the fifth match
Título: Ted Shawn
Seção: Ted Shawn and His Men Dancers
Background: Ted Shawn (21 October 1891 - 9 January 1972), originally Edwin Myers Shawn, was one of the first notable male pioneers of American modern dance. Along with creating Denishawn with former wife Ruth St. Denis he is also responsible for the creation of the well known all-male company Ted Shawn and His Men Dancers. With his innovative ideas of masculine movement, he is one of the most influential choreographers and dancers of his day. He is also the founder and creator of Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival in Massachusetts, and "was knighted by the King of Denmark for his efforts on behalf of the Royal Danish Ballet".

Conteúdo: Due to marital problems of Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn and financial difficulties, Denishawn concluded in the early 1930s. Consequently, Shawn went on to form an all-male dance company, made up of athletes he taught at Springfield College in Massachusetts. Shawn's mission in creating this company was to fight for acceptance of the American male dancer and to bring awareness of the art form from a male perspective. The all-male company was based out of a farm that Shawn purchased near his hometown Lee, Massachusetts. On July 14, 1933, Ted Shawn and His Men Dancers had their premier performance at Shawn's farm, which would later be known as Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival. Shawn produced some of his most innovate and controversial choreography to date with this company such as "Ponca Indian Dance", "Sinhalse Devil Dance", "Maori War Haka", "Hopi Indian Eagle Dance", "Dyak Spear Dances", and "Kinetic Molpai". Through these creative works Shawn showcased athletic and masculine movement that soon would gain popularity. The company performed in the United States and Canada, touring more than 750 cities, in addition to international success in London and Havana. Ted Shawn and His Men Dancers concluded at Jacob's Pillow on August 31, 1940 with a homecoming performance. During the years of the company, Shawn's love for the relationships created by the men in his dances soon translated into love between himself and one of his company members, Barton Mumaw (1912-2001), which lasted from 

user: How were Ted Shawn and His Men Dancers formed?

assistant: Shawn went on to form an all-male dance company, made up of athletes he taught at Springfield College in Massachusetts.
Who Gets Aid 
Most U.S. citizens or eligible noncitizens are eligible for financial aid for college or career school. It s important to understand the criteria of the programs, how to stay eligible, and how to get your eligibility back if you lose it. Eligibility Requirements Students With a Parent Who Was Killed in Iraq or Afghanistan Non-U.S. Citizens Students with criminal convictions Students with intellectual disabilities Homeless Students who are or have been in foster care Students Staying Eligible Regaining Eligibility 

Eligibility Requirements 
share link Our general eligibility requirements include that you have financial need, are a U.S. citizen or eligible noncitizen, and are enrolled in an eligible degree or certificate program at your college or career school. There are more eligibility requirements you must meet to qualify for federal student aid. 

For a quick glance at the basic eligibility criteria for federal student aid, check out this graphic. 


Eligibility for Federal Student AidGraphic 
View text - only version of Eligibility for Federal Student Aid infographic Did You Know? There is no income cut - off to qualify for federal student aid. Many factors such as the size of your family and your year in school are taken into account. LEARN ABOUT ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA 

Students With a Parent Who Was Killed in Iraq or Afghanistan 
share link If your parent died as a result of military service in Iraq or Afghanistan after the events of 9/11 , you might be eligible for additional Federal Pell Grant funding or for an Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant. 

Non-U.S. Citizens 
share link Generally , if you have a green card in other words, if you are a permanent resident alien , you will be considered an eligible noncitizen and will be able to get federal student aid if you meet the other basic eligibility criteria. Learn about which immigration statuses make you an eligible noncitizen. 

Students With Criminal Convictions 
share link Your eligibility 

user: Hi there, I am wondering if I am eligible for financial aid if I am a non-US citizen?

assistant: I will share a link with you which gives you further information in this regard

assistant: Are you a permanent resident alien, as in, do you have a green card?

user: No, I don't have a green card and am not permanently resident here

user: Can it happen that I am informed that I no longer qualify for federal student aid?

assistant: You can access the information about regaining your eligibility on the relevant section of the website

user: Are there any pointers that you can give me to staying eligible for federal student aid?

assistant: We have a section on the website entitled "Learn How to Stay Eligible", which will give you all the relevant information
Substance use treatment for Veterans 
If you re struggling with substance use problems , you re not alone. Many Veterans have problems with the use of alcohol, tobacco, street drugs, and prescription medicines. We re here to help. Find out how to get support for substance use problems through VA. 

How do I talk to someone right now? 
If you're a Veteran in crisis or concerned about one , connect with our caring, qualified Veterans Crisis Line responders for confidential help. Many of them are Veterans themselves. This service is private, free, and available 24/7. To connect with a Veterans Crisis Line responder anytime day or night : Call 800 - 273 - 8255 , then select 1. Start a confidential Veterans chat. Text 838255. If you have hearing loss , call TTY : 800 - 799 - 4889. You can also : Call 911. Go to the nearest emergency room. Go directly to your nearest VA medical center. It doesn't matter what your discharge status is or if you're enrolled in VA health care. Find your nearest VA medical center 

What services does VA provide for Veterans with substance use problems? 
We provide many options for Veterans seeking treatment for substance use problems ranging from unhealthy alcohol use to life - threatening addiction. The services we offer you depend on your specific needs. 

We offer proven medication options, like: 
to stop substance use safely, and services to get stable Medically managed detoxification to reduce cravings like methadone and buprenorphine for opiate addiction Drug substitution therapies and newer medicines Nicotine replacement or other medicines for stopping tobacco use 

We offer counseling and other therapy options, like: 
Short - term outpatient counseling Intensive outpatient treatment Marriage and family counseling Self - help groups Residential live - in care Continuing care and relapse prevention making sure you don t slip back into the same substance use problems Special programs for Veterans with specific concerns like women Vetera

user: Hello there, I have problems with substance use and need help.

assistant: Of course. The VA health care program covers services to treat substance use problems.
Título: Jimmy Little
Seção: Middle years:1980-1999
Background: James Oswald Little, AO (1 March 1937 - 2 April 2012) was an Australian Aboriginal musician, actor and teacher from the Yorta Yorta people and was raised on the Cummeragunja Mission, New South Wales. From 1951 he had a career as a singer-songwriter and guitarist, which spanned six decades. For many years he was the main Aboriginal star on the Australian music scene. His music was influenced by Nat King Cole and American country music artist Jim Reeves.

Conteúdo: By the 1980s Little had turned to full-time acting, making his theatre debut in Black Cockatoos before appearing in director Wim Wenders' 1991 film Until the end of the World. As well as appearing in Tracy Moffatt's The Night Cries and Andrew Schultz's opera Black River, his teaching and community work earned him the title of NAIDOC Aboriginal of the Year in 1989. After winning that award Little returned to working in the music industry. In 1992, Little performed at the Tamworth on Parade and Kings of Country roadshows before releasing his 14th album, Yorta Yorta Man, in 1994. The same year, he was inducted into Tamworth's Country Music Roll of Renown, the highest honour an Australian country music artist can achieve. Messenger, a collection of contemporary songs reinterpreted through Little's smooth vocals, was released in June 1999 and peaked at No. 26 nationally, selling over 20,000 copies. It had been organised by Brendan Gallagher (from Karma County) and featured covers of well-known songs by Australian artists: "(Are You) The One I've Been Waiting For?" by Nick Cave, "The Way I Made You Feel" by Ed Kuepper and "Randwick Bells" by Paul Kelly. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1999 Messenger won Best Adult Contemporary Album and Little was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame. At The Deadly Awards of 1999 - the annual Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Music Awards - he won Best Male Artist of the Year and Best Single Release of the Year. By 2001 Messenger was certified by AR

user: What was his career choice?

assistant: By the 1980s Little had turned to full-time acting,

user: Did he win anything

assistant: his teaching and community work earned him the title of NAIDOC Aboriginal of the Year in 1989.

user: What happen next after he won that title

assistant: After winning that award Little returned to working in the music industry.
Order personalized plates[1] 


How do I order personalized plates? 
You can order personalized plates for passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles and motorcycles. Learn more about personalized plate fees, requirements and restrictions. [2] Many picture plates can also be personalized. You can browse our collection of picture plates online. The categories are : I Love NY Adventure [3 ] Sports [4 ] Military and Veterans [5 ] Counties and Regions of NY State [6 ] Colleges , Fraternities , Sororities [7 ] Causes [8 ] Professions [9 ] Organizations [10 ] Motorcycle Plates [11 ] 

Order online 
You can order personalized plates online unless you want personalized plates for people with disabilities that have the Universal Symbol of Access. To order personalized plates online : You must have a valid New York State vehicle registration in the passenger, commercial or motorcycle registration class that does not expire within 60 days. The mailing address on your vehicle registration record must be your current mailing address. Your vehicle registration record must match your current name if your name has changed. You must provide your current plate number, the 3-letter registration class code and the first three letters of your last name. See a sample registration document. [12] You must have a credit card that DMV accepts, and a valid email address for confirmation purposes. Order personalized plates online [13 ] 

By mail 
To order personalized plates by mail , use the Application for Custom Plates PDF [14] CP-30. Mail the completed form and your payment to : NYS DMV Custom Plates UnitP.O. Box 2775Albany , NY 12220 

By phone 
It s faster and easier to do it online. To order by phone , call the Custom Plates Unit at 1 - 518 - 402 - 4838. Office hours are 8:00am - 4:00pm, Monday through Friday. 

At a DMV office 
You can save yourself trip. It s faster and easier to do it online. Find a DMV office. [15] 

When to expect your new plates and registration 
In approximately 1

user: I need personalized plate info

assistant: Would you like to know how to order personalized plates?
What is Government Pension Offset (GPO)? 
If you will receive a pension for work not covered by Social Security such as government employment , any Social Security benefits you may be eligible to receive on your spouse's record may be reduced. This type of benefit reduction is called GPO. Some individuals are exempt from the offset. If you want to know if you meet the requirements for an exemption , please read the " When won't my Social Security benefits be reduced? " section of our " Government Pension Offset " factsheet. 

Information You Need to Calculate Your Benefits If You Are Affected by the GPO 
To estimate your future spouse's, widow's, or widower's benefits under the GPO , you need two things : The estimated " gross " monthly amount of your pension from your government job not covered by Social Security. The estimated monthly amount of your Social Security benefit as a spouse, widow, or widower before the effect of GPO. 

If you will be eligible for spouse's benefits and have access to your spouse's estimate: 
Find the estimated amount of the retirement benefit your spouse would be eligible to receive at full retirement age. If your spouse already receives benefits , ask them what their benefit would be if it started at their full or normal retirement age. Divide this amount in half and round down to the nearest dollar. This is your estimated spouse's benefit if you retire at full retirement age. 

If you will be eligible for a Social Security retirement benefit based on your own earnings: 
As well as a higher benefit based on your spouse's earnings , it will also affect your benefits as a spouse, widow, or widower. To get a more accurate estimate of how the government pension you will receive for work not covered by Social Security will affect the part of your benefit based on your spouse's work : Enter the estimated " gross " monthly amount of the government pension in today's dollars you will receive for work not covered by Social Security in Step #1

user: Will I be eligible for spouse's benefits and have access to my spouse's benefits?

assistant: Do you want to find the estimated amount of the retirement benefit you spouse would get at full retirement?

user: Yes, that is what I would like to know.

assistant: Then the  estimated monthly amount of you Social Security amount as a spouse, widow, or widower before the effect of GPO is what you need to look at.

user: What if I will be eligible for widow's benefits or I do not have access to my spouse's estimates?

assistant: You could call our toll free number at 1-800-772-1213 or if you are hard of hearing at 1-800-325-0778 or just contact your local Social Security office.
Título: Jimmy Little
Seção: Middle years:1980-1999
Background: James Oswald Little, AO (1 March 1937 - 2 April 2012) was an Australian Aboriginal musician, actor and teacher from the Yorta Yorta people and was raised on the Cummeragunja Mission, New South Wales. From 1951 he had a career as a singer-songwriter and guitarist, which spanned six decades. For many years he was the main Aboriginal star on the Australian music scene. His music was influenced by Nat King Cole and American country music artist Jim Reeves.

Conteúdo: By the 1980s Little had turned to full-time acting, making his theatre debut in Black Cockatoos before appearing in director Wim Wenders' 1991 film Until the end of the World. As well as appearing in Tracy Moffatt's The Night Cries and Andrew Schultz's opera Black River, his teaching and community work earned him the title of NAIDOC Aboriginal of the Year in 1989. After winning that award Little returned to working in the music industry. In 1992, Little performed at the Tamworth on Parade and Kings of Country roadshows before releasing his 14th album, Yorta Yorta Man, in 1994. The same year, he was inducted into Tamworth's Country Music Roll of Renown, the highest honour an Australian country music artist can achieve. Messenger, a collection of contemporary songs reinterpreted through Little's smooth vocals, was released in June 1999 and peaked at No. 26 nationally, selling over 20,000 copies. It had been organised by Brendan Gallagher (from Karma County) and featured covers of well-known songs by Australian artists: "(Are You) The One I've Been Waiting For?" by Nick Cave, "The Way I Made You Feel" by Ed Kuepper and "Randwick Bells" by Paul Kelly. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1999 Messenger won Best Adult Contemporary Album and Little was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame. At The Deadly Awards of 1999 - the annual Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Music Awards - he won Best Male Artist of the Year and Best Single Release of the Year. By 2001 Messenger was certified by AR

user: What was his career choice?

assistant: By the 1980s Little had turned to full-time acting,

user: Did he win anything

assistant: his teaching and community work earned him the title of NAIDOC Aboriginal of the Year in 1989.
Título: Dancing on Ice
Seção: Spin-offs
Background: Dancing on Ice is a British television show presented by Phillip Schofield alongside Holly Willoughby from 2006 to 2011, and Christine Bleakley from 2012 to 2014. The show consists of celebrities and their professional partners figure skate in front of a panel of judges. The series, broadcast on ITV, started on 14 January 2006 and ended on 9 March 2014 after the show's contract was not renewed by ITV. On 4 September 2017, it was announced that a revived series would air on ITV from 7 January 2018 with Schofield and Willoughby returning as hosts alongside a new backstage host, Jordan Banjo.

Conteúdo: Like many other reality TV shows, Dancing on Ice has had a number of supplementary shows. The first was Dancing on Ice Defrosted. It was presented by Stephen Mulhern and aired on ITV2 immediately after the main ITV show and again after the results show. The show featured opinions from celebrity guests and past contestants as well as from Torvill and Dean, the judges, presenters and competitors. Judge Nicky Slater also offered in-depth analysis of various performances using the latest video technology that the judges use to judge performances. The second spin-off show was originally called Dancing on Ice Extra and was presented by Andi Peters and Andrea McLean, both competitors in the first series. Midway through the first series Paul O'Grady left ITV to join Channel 4 meaning that ITV had no show to put on air at 5 pm. The format of Dancing on Ice Defrosted was modified so that it could be broadcast every weekday. Due to Andrea's maternity leave during the second series she did not return to present the show and therefore Ben Shephard joined the show as the anchor presenter, and, unlike during the previous, series Andi Peters was now a roving reporter around the studio. For its second run the show was renamed Dancing on Ice Exclusive. Neither of these first two spin-off shows returned in 2008 nor 2009. In 2010 it was announced that a new spin-off show would accompany Dancing on Ice, named Dancing on Ice Friday, presented by Ben Shephard and Coleen Nolan. CANNOTANSWER

user: How is a spin-off completed?

assistant: The show featured opinions from celebrity guests and past contestants as well as from Torvill and Dean, the judges, presenters and competitors.

user: Which show was most popular?

assistant: Dancing on Ice,

user: Which spin-off was most popular?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: How long did it run?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Carlos Ortiz
Seção: Lightweight world champion
Background: Carlos Juan Ortiz (born September 9, 1936) is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer. He won three world titles, two at lightweight and once at light welterweight. Along with Felix Trinidad, Miguel Cotto, Wilfredo Gomez, Hector Camacho, and Wilfred Benitez, Ortiz is considered among the best Puerto Rican boxers of all time by sports journalists and analysts. As of January 2018, Ortiz holds the record for the most wins in unified lightweight title bouts in boxing history at 10.

Conteúdo: Instead of going up in weight, like most boxers throughout history have done after losing the title in their original division, Ortiz went down in weight, and challenged world champion Joe Brown (also a member of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame). Ortiz won a 15-round decision over Brown on April 21 of 1962 in Las Vegas, to win his second world title, this time in his second championship division. Ortiz defended with a 5-round knockout of Teruo Kosaka in Tokyo before making his Puerto Rican debut, with a 13-round knockout win over Doug Valiant to retain his title on April 7, 1963 in San Juan. A knockout win in 14 rounds over another Hall of Famer, Gabriel Elorde, Flash in the Philippines followed, and then a remach with Lane, this time Ortiz retaining his world Lightweight title with a 15-round decision in San Juan. But in 1965 he went to Panama and fought yet another member of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame, Ismael Laguna who defeated him in 15 rounds to claim Ortiz's world Lightweight title. A rematch in San Juan followed, and Ortiz regained the world Lightweight title beating Laguna by a 15-round decision also. 1966 saw Ortiz draw with world Jr Welterweight champion Nicolino Locche in a ten-round non-title affair in Argentina, and retain his title vs Johnny Bizarro (KO in 12 in Pittsburgh), Cuban Sugar Ramos (another International Boxing Hall Of Fame Member, KO in 5 rounds in Mexico City) and Filipino Flash Elorde, also by KO in 14 at a New York rematch. The Ra

user: who was the champion?

assistant: Ortiz