Título: James Baldwin
Seção: Religion
Background: His mother, Emma Berdis Jones, left his biological father because of his drug abuse. She moved to Harlem, New York, where Baldwin was born in Harlem Hospital. In New York, his mother married a preacher, David Baldwin, with whom she had eight children, born between 1927 and 1943; her husband also had one son from a previous marriage who was nine years older than James. The family was poor and Baldwin's stepfather was harder on him than on the rest of the children.

Conteúdo: During his teenage years, Baldwin followed his stepfather's shadow into the religious life. However, he became dissatisfied with ministry, considering it hypocritical and racist, and ultimately left the church because his father's expectation was that he be a preacher. The difficulties of his life, including his stepfather's abuse, led Baldwin to seek solace in religion. At the age of 14 he attended meetings of the Pentecostal Church and, during a euphoric prayer meeting, he converted and became a junior minister. Before long, at the Fireside Pentecostal Assembly, he was drawing larger crowds than his stepfather had done in his day. At 17, however, Baldwin came to view Christianity as based on false premises and later regarded his time in the pulpit as a way of overcoming his personal crises. Baldwin once visited Elijah Muhammad, leader of the Nation of Islam, who inquired about Baldwin's religious beliefs. He answered, "I left the church 20 years ago and haven't joined anything since." Elijah asked, "And what are you now?" Baldwin explained, "Now? Nothing. I'm a writer. I like doing things alone." Still, his church experience significantly shaped his worldview and writing. Baldwin reflected that "being in the pulpit was like working in the theatre; I was behind the scenes and knew how the illusion was worked." Baldwin accused Christianity of reinforcing the system of American slavery by palliating the pangs of oppression and delaying salvation until a promised afterlife. Bal

user: Did Baldwin come from a religious family?

assistant: Baldwin followed his stepfather's shadow into the religious life.

user: Was he happy with his feelings on religion?

assistant: Baldwin came to view Christianity as based on false premises and later regarded his time in the pulpit as a way of overcoming his personal crises.

user: What steps did he take after leaving the church?

assistant: "I left the church 20 years ago and haven't joined anything since."

user: Did he like that church?

assistant: Baldwin came to view Christianity as based on false premises and later regarded his time in the pulpit as a way of overcoming his personal crises.

user: Was he happy with Christianity now?

assistant: Baldwin came to view Christianity as based on false premises and later regarded his time in the pulpit as a way of overcoming his personal crises.

user: Did going to church influence what he wrote about?

assistant: Baldwin praised religion, however, for inspiring some American blacks to defy oppression.

user: What other things did Baldwin say about religion?

assistant: "If the concept of God has any use, it is to make us larger, freer, and more loving. If God can't do that, it's time we got rid of him."

user: Is there anything else interesting?

assistant: A recording of him singing "Precious Lord, Take My Hand" a cappella was played at his funeral.

user: Why didn't he want to go back to church?

assistant: "Now? Nothing. I'm a writer. I like doing things alone."

user: Did he ever sing any songs?

assistant: A recording of him singing "Precious Lord, Take My Hand" a cappella was played at his funeral.