dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Jeff Dunham
Seção: First Comedy Central specials
Background: Dunham was born in Dallas, Texas on April 18, 1962. When he was three months old, he was adopted by real estate appraiser Howard Dunham, and his homemaker wife Joyce, who raised him in a devoutly Presbyterian household in an affluent Dallas neighborhood, as an only child. He began ventriloquism in 1970 at age eight, when his parents gave him a Mortimer Snerd dummy for Christmas, and an accompanying how-to album. The next day he checked out a how-to book on ventriloquism from the library, and explained in 2011 that he still had it, remarking that he was "a thief in the third grade".

Conteúdo: On July 18, 2003, Dunham appeared on Comedy Central Presents, his first solo appearance on Comedy Central. During his half hour piece, he showcased Jose Jalapeno on a Stick, Walter, an early version of Melvin the Superhero Guy and Peanut, whom Dunham had begun to merchandise into a line of dolls. The appearance was successful, but Comedy Central resisted giving Dunham more airtime, feeling that he was not a good fit for them. By 2005 Dunham decided to gamble on financing his own comedy DVD, Jeff Dunham: Arguing with Myself, which was taped in Santa Ana, California. Dunham's manager, Judi Brown-Marmel, lobbied the network to air it, pointing to Dunham's drawing power and merchandising profits, and arguing that the network needed more diverse content. Surprised by the high ratings of the first Blue Collar Comics concert movie that same year, the network began to reconsider its brand. In late 2006, Comedy Central aired Arguing with Myself, drawing two million viewers when it aired, and selling two million DVDs.  In 2007, Dunham appeared as The Amazing Ken with Jose Jalapeno on a Stick in the Larry the Cable Guy feature film Delta Farce. His second special, Jeff Dunham: Spark of Insanity, was taped at the Warner Theater in Washington, D.C. that same year. It served not only to cement Dunham's stardom, but to introduce his most controversial character, Achmed the Dead Terrorist, which became a viral Internet sensation. A clip of Achmed from Insanity attracted over 140 million hits

user: What was his first hit on comedy central?

assistant: On July 18, 2003, Dunham appeared on Comedy Central Presents, his first solo appearance on Comedy Central.

user: What was it titled?

assistant: he showcased Jose Jalapeno on a Stick, Walter, an early version of Melvin the Superhero Guy

user: How did it fair?

assistant: The appearance was successful, but Comedy Central resisted giving Dunham more airtime,

user: Why did they resist?

assistant: but Comedy Central resisted giving Dunham more airtime, feeling that he was not a good fit for them.

user: What did he do next?

assistant: By 2005 Dunham decided to gamble on financing his own comedy DVD, Jeff Dunham: Arguing with Myself,

user: When did that release?

assistant: 2005
Título: Shandi Finnessey
Seção: Post-pageants
Background: Shandi Ren Finnessey (born June 9, 1978) is an American actress, model, TV host and beauty queen. She is best known for winning the Miss USA title, as Miss Missouri USA. She previously held the title of Miss Missouri 2002 and competed in Miss America, where she won a preliminary award. She placed as first runner-up at the Miss Universe 2004 competition.

Conteúdo: After completing her reign as Miss USA, Finnessey became a co-host of Lingo and PlayMania on GSN. She hosted Lingo from August 2005 at the start of the show's fourth season until the show went on hiatus in 2008. In April 2006, she began her turn with the interactive series PlayMania, which broke into two shows on February 23, 2007. Finnessey became the co-host of the quiznation spinoff, a revised but similar version of the original PlayMania. She remained a co-host until October 21, 2007, several days before the show's finale. She also was a sideline reporter for the CBS tournament blackjack series Ultimate Blackjack Tour.  She also has appeared in several documentaries produced by GSN. She has also appeared on the NBC reality show The Apprentice (February 15, 2005, episode 3.5), in the November 13, 2004, 20 Sexiest Men and 20 Sexiest Women specials on CMT, and as Grand Marshal in the November 25, 2004, Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. She was named one of the Ten Outstanding Young Americans of 2006 by the Jaycees. She also appeared alongside Chris Myers as part of the coverage of the New Year's Eve 2007 Festivities for Fox. On March 19, 2007, Finnessey debuted on the fourth season of Dancing with the Stars. Her professional dance partner was Brian Fortuna, and she was the second celebrity voted off the show. On October 31 and November 21, 2007, she appeared as a guest celebrity on NBC's Phenomenon. She also hosted Hollywood Fast Track, a web based show about movies, music, an

user: How did she spend her time post pageants?

assistant: Finnessey became a co-host of Lingo and PlayMania on GSN.

user: Any interesting things about that time period the reader should know?

assistant: She also has appeared in several documentaries produced by GSN. She has also appeared on the NBC reality show The Apprentice

user: Any notable acheivements after pageants?

assistant: she made a record for the biggest successful bet on the show betting $20,000 in the 1st best.

user: Any interesting tidbits you can share?

assistant: Finnessey was the winner for bachelor Ernesto Arguello, but the relationship ended briefly after the show.

user: Other achievements during this time period?

assistant: She was named one of the Ten Outstanding Young Americans of 2006 by the Jaycees.
Eligibility requirements for VA home loan programs 
Learn about VA home loan eligibility requirements for a VA direct or VA - backed loan. Find out how to apply for a Certificate of Eligibility COE to show your lender that you qualify based on your service history and duty status. Keep in mind that for a VA - backed home loan, you ll also need to meet your lender s credit and income loan requirements to receive financing. 

Can I get a Certificate of Eligibility for a VA direct or VA-backed home loan? 
You may be able to get a COE if you didn t receive a dishonorable discharge and you meet the minimum active - duty service requirement based on when you served. 

How do I apply for my COE? 
You can apply online right now. Go to eBenefits to apply Learn more about how to apply for your COE 

What if I don t meet the minimum service requirements? 
You may still be able to get a COE if you were discharged for one of the reasons listed below. You must have been discharged for one of these reasons : Hardship , or The convenience of the government , or Reduction in force , or Certain medical conditions , or A service - connected disability a disability related to your military service 

What should I do if I received an other than honorable, bad conduct, or dishonorable discharge? 
If you ve received one of these discharge statuses , you may not be eligible for VA benefits. There are 2 ways you can try to qualify : Find out how to apply for a discharge upgradeLearn about the VA Character of Discharge review process 

Can I get a COE as the spouse of a Veteran? 
You may be able to get a COE if you re the surviving spouse of a Veteran or the spouse of a Veteran who is missing in action or being held as a Prisoner of War POW. Find out how to apply for a COE as a surviving spouse 

Can I get a COE in any other situations? 
You may be able to get a COE if you meet at least one of the requirements listed below. At least one of these must be true. You: Are a U.S. citizen who se

user: hi i need help about Eligibility Requirements for VA Home Loan Programs

assistant: Of course we'd love you to know the VA mortgage loan eligibility requirements for a direct or VA-backed loan.

user: What should I do if I received a license that is not honorable, misconduct, or dishonorable?

assistant: If you received a discharge status?

user: do not

user: What requirements do I need to meet?

assistant: Have you sold the house you bought with the previous loan and have you paid the loan in full?

user: do not

assistant: A Qualified Veteran: Does the assignee agree to take on your loan and substitute your claim for the same amount of claim you originally used?
Título: Queens of the Stone Age
Seção: Songs for the Deaf, mainstream exposure and Oliveri's departure (2001-2004)
Background: Queens of the Stone Age are an American rock band formed in 1996 in Palm Desert, California. The band's line-up includes founder Josh Homme (lead vocals, guitar, piano), alongside band members Troy Van Leeuwen (guitar, lap steel, keyboard, percussion, backing vocals), Michael Shuman (bass guitar, keyboard, backing vocals), Dean Fertita (keyboards, guitar, percussion, backing vocals), and Jon Theodore (drums, percussion). Formed after the dissolution of Homme's previous band, Kyuss, Queens of the Stone Age developed a style of riff-oriented, heavy rock music. Their sound has since evolved to incorporate a variety of different styles and influences, including working with ZZ Top member Billy Gibbons, Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters frontman Dave Grohl, and Screaming Trees frontman Mark Lanegan who has been a steady contributor to the band.

Conteúdo: Foo Fighters frontman and former Nirvana drummer, Dave Grohl, joined in late 2001 to record drums for their third album. Songs for the Deaf was released in August 2002, again featuring Lanegan, along with former A Perfect Circle guitarist Troy Van Leeuwen to the touring line-up following the album's release. Also featured on Songs for the Deaf for the final track "Mosquito Song" were former A Perfect Circle bassist Paz Lenchantin on viola and piano, and Dean Ween on guitar.  This record was supposed to sound bizarre--like lightning in a bottle. We also were extremely fucked up. It even sounds that way to me, like a crazy person. The radio interludes are supposed to be like the drive from L.A. to Joshua Tree, a drive that makes you feel like you're letting go--more David Lynch with every mile.  Songs for the Deaf was a critical hit and was certified gold in 2003, with sales of over 900,000. The singles "No One Knows" and "Go with the Flow" became hits on radio and MTV, with the former just outside the Billboard Top 40. "No One Knows" and "Go with the Flow" were also featured on the first iterations of the popular video games Guitar Hero and Rock Band (respectively).  The Songs for the Deaf tour culminated in a string of headline dates in Australia in January 2004. Grohl returned to his other projects and was replaced on the European leg of the tour by former Danzig drummer Joey Castillo, who joined the band full-time. After the tour, Homme fired Oliveri, as he was convinced th

user: What is Songs for the Deaf?

assistant: Songs for the Deaf was a critical hit

user: did it receive any awards?

assistant: certified gold in 2003,

user: What mainstream exposure did they have?

assistant: The singles "No One Knows" and "Go with the Flow" became hits on radio and MTV, with the former just outside the Billboard Top 40.

user: Who is Oliveri?

assistant: After the tour, Homme fired Oliveri, as he was convinced that Oliveri had been physically abusive to his girlfriend:

user: What happened when Oliveri left?

assistant: The two reportedly are still friends and as of October 2006, Oliveri was interested in rejoining the band.
What is a suspension for failure to pay tolls? 
If you do not pay a required toll, fee or other charge to a tolling authority, which operates a toll highway, bridge and/or tunnel facility, your registration may be suspended. 

Who issues toll violations? 
A tolling authority , which includes the New York State Thruway Authority, the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority MTA Bridges and Tunnels and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. 

What happens if I don t pay a toll? 
If you fail to pay tolls, fees or other charges in relation to 3 or more tolling violations, all committed within 5 years, or fail to pay $200 in tolls accumulated within 5 years, if the violations occurred in a commercial vehicle, or fail to have them dismissed or transferred , the NYS Department of Motor Vehicles, " DMV " may send you a Notice of Registration Suspension. The notice will advise you that if you pay all of the tolls, fees or other charges owed to the tolling authority, or have them dismissed or transferred, the suspension will not take effect. You also have the right to a hearing before the DMV. If you request a DMV hearing , the suspension is placed on hold pending the outcome of the hearing. 

What is the purpose of a DMV hearing? 
The purpose of the hearing is to determine whether the tolling authority notified you that you failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges related to 3 or more violations of the Authority s toll collection regulations, all such violations committed within a 5 year period, or failed to pay $200 in tolls accumulated within 5 years, if the violations occurred in a commercial vehicle, or failed to have them dismissed or transferred. At the hearing , you may NOT dispute whether you evaded a toll and/or failed to pay tolls, fees or other charges. You must raise those issues with the tolling authority outside of the hearing. 

Must I appear for the hearing? 
As the Notice of Registration Suspension indicates , you may request an in - person DMV hea

user: Hello there. I have several questions for you, all related to toll payment.

assistant: Have you failed to pay a toll?

user: Yes, unfortunately.

assistant: In that case the NYS Department of Motor Vehicles, "DMV" may send you a Notice of Registration Suspension. The notice will advise you that if you pay all of the tolls, fees or other charges owed to the tolling authority, or have them dismissed or transferred, the suspension will not take effect.

user: What about a hearing? Can I at least ask for a hearing before the DMV?

assistant: Yes, you also have the right to a hearing before the DMV.
Disability Benefits 
Learn about Disability Benefits Social Security pays disability benefits to people who can't work because they have a medical condition that's expected to last at least one year or result in death. Find out if you qualify and how Social Security can help you. USE OUR DISABILITY PLANNER Already Receiving Benefits If you receive Social Security disability benefits , you can get information and services for managing your benefits online. MANAGE YOUR BENEFITS If you prefer to complete your application in a language other than English , the online application will give you the option to schedule an appointment to apply for benefits in your preferred language. The online application is currently only available in English. Apply for DisabilityReturn to a Saved ApplicationCheck Application or Appeal Status 

Who can apply for adult disability benefits online? 
You can use the online application to apply for disability benefits if you : Are age 18 or older ; Are not currently receiving benefits on your own Social Security record ; Are unable to work because of a medical condition that is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death ; and Have not been denied disability benefits in the last 60 days. If your application was recently denied , our Internet Appeal application is a starting point to request a review of the determination we made. You can now also file for Supplemental Security Income SSI online but only if you meet certain requirements. You are eligible to file online for SSI if you : Are between the ages of 18 and 65 ; Have never been married ; Aren t blind ; Are a U.S. citizen residing in one of the fifty states, District of Columbia, or the Northern Mariana Islands ; Haven t applied for or received SSI benefits in the past ; and Are applying for Social Security Disability Insurance at the same time as your SSI claim. Find out if you are eligible to receive Social Security Disability Benefits. Once you finish the online process , 

user: What are disability benefits?

assistant: Sure, I can help you with that.  Learn about Disability Benefits

assistant: Can you no longer work

user: No I can still work I am close to retiring

user: Can anyone apply online?

assistant: You can use the online application to apply for disability benefits if you  Are age 18 or older
Título: Nightcrawler (comics)
Seção: Returning to the X-Men
Background: Nightcrawler (Kurt Wagner) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men. Created by writer Len Wein and artist Dave Cockrum, he debuted in the comic book Giant-Size X-Men #1 (May 1975). Nightcrawler is a member of a fictional subspecies of humanity known as mutants, who are born with superhuman abilities. Nightcrawler possesses superhuman agility, the ability to teleport, and adhesive hands and feet.

Conteúdo: For a time, Kitty Pryde and Nightcrawler express some resentment over the X-Men's failing to contact them after their supposed deaths. Following the wedding of Captain Britain and Meggan, Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus. Yet, as soon as they return, they face a group of impostors following Cerebro, in the guise of Professor X.  Wanting to devote more time to priesthood, Nightcrawler shares team leadership with Archangel. However, his work as a priest is retconned to be an illusion; he had, in fact, never attained priesthood. He has also met his half-brothers Nils Styger, alias Abyss, and Kiwi Black. With them, Nightcrawler defeated his father Azazel, who had tried to use him as a pawn in escaping his prison.  Later, Nightcrawler served as the new leader of the Uncanny X-Men team alongside Wolverine, Bishop, Psylocke, Cannonball, and Marvel Girl. In the last mission against the Foursaken, Nightcrawler took Marvel Girl, Psylocke, Bishop, and Cannonball to Central Park. He later helped Storm liberate Africa from her uncle's control.  Afterwards, Professor X recruited him, along with Darwin, Havok, Marvel Girl, Warpath, and Polaris, to participate in a space mission to stop Vulcan from laying waste to the Shi'ar empire. During the battle with Vulcan, Nightcrawler helps get the injured Professor X and Darwin back to their spaceship. While there, trying to save Professor X, Lilandra sent the ship on its way back to Earth, leaving

user: When did he return to the x-men?

assistant: Following the wedding of Captain Britain and Meggan, Excalibur disbands and Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men

user: why did excalibur disband?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Why did he return?

assistant: Nightcrawler returns to the X-Men with Shadowcat and Colossus.

user: who else did he work with?

assistant: Wolverine, Bishop,

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Nightcrawler served as the new leader of the Uncanny X-Men team
Just as you plan for your family's protection if you die , you should consider the Social Security benefits that may be available if you are the survivor that is, the spouse, child, or parent of a worker who dies. That person must have worked long enough under Social Security to qualify for benefits. 

How Your Spouse Earns Social Security Survivors Benefits 
A worker can earn up to four credits each year. In 2019 , for example , your spouse can earn one credit for each $1,360 of wages or self - employment income. When your spouse has earned $5,440 , they have earned their four credits for the year. The number of credits needed to provide benefits for survivors depends on the worker's age when they die. No one needs more than 40 credits 10 years of work to be eligible for any Social Security benefit. But , the younger a person is , the fewer credits they must have for family members to receive survivors benefits. Benefits can be paid to the worker's children and the surviving spouse who is caring for the children even if the worker doesn't have the required number of credits. They can get benefits if the worker has credit for one and one - half years of work 6 credits in the three years just before their death. Each person s situation is different and you need to talk to a Social Security claims representative about your choices. 

When A Family Member Dies 
We should be notified as soon as possible when a person dies. However , you cannot report a death or apply for survivors benefits online. If you need to report a death or apply for benefits , call 1 - 800 - 772 - 1213 TTY 1 - 800 - 325 - 0778. You can speak to a Social Security representative between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m. Monday through Friday. You can also visit your local Social Security office. An appointment is not required , but if you call ahead and schedule one, it may reduce the time you spend waiting to speak to someone. 

Does Social Security pay death benefits? 
A one - time payment of $255 can be paid to

user: Can other family members be eligible? for Survivor benefits

assistant: Yes, do you want to know which family members may be eligible?

user: yes

assistant: Do you have a stepchild, grandchild, grandchild, or foster child?

user: if I have

assistant: Do you have parents alive?

user: Unfortunately not

assistant: for now, only your stepchild, grandchild, grandchild or adoptive child may receive the benefit
Título: Jacques Anquetil
Seção: Trofeo Baracchi
Background: Anquetil was the son of a builder in Mont-Saint-Aignan, in the hills above Rouen in Normandy, north-west France. He lived there with his parents, Ernest and Marie, and his brother Philippe and then at Boisguillaume in a two-storey house, "one of those houses with exposed beams that tourists think are pretty but those who live there find uncomfortable." In 1941, his father refused contracts to work on military installations for the German occupiers and his work dried up. Other members of the family worked in strawberry farming and Anquetil's father followed them, moving to the hamlet of Bourguet, near Quincampoix.

Conteúdo: Anquetil's most humiliating race was the Trofeo Baracchi in Italy in 1962, when he had to be pushed by his partner, Rudi Altig, and was so exhausted that he hit a pillar before reaching the track on which the race finished.  The Trofeo Baracchi was a 111 km race for two-man teams. Anquetil, the world's best time-triallist, and Altig, a powerful rider with a strong sprint, were favourites. But things soon went wrong. The writer Rene de Latour wrote:  I got my stopwatch going again to check the length of each man's turn at the front. Generally in a race of the Baracchi type, the changes are very rapid, with stints of no more than 300 yards. Altig was at the front when I started the check -- and he was still there a minute later. Something must be wrong. Altig wasn't even swinging aside to invite Anquetil through... Suddenly, on a flat road, Anquetil lost contact and a gap of three lengths appeared between the two partners. There followed one of the most sensational things I have ever seen in any form of cycle racing during my 35 years' association with the sport -- something which I consider as great a physical performance as a world hour record or a classic road race win. Altig was riding at 30mph at the front -- and had been doing so for 15 minutes. When Anquetil lost contact, he had to ease the pace, wait for his partner to go by, push him powerfully in the back, sprint to the front again after losing 10 yards in the process, and again settle down to a 30mph stint at the fro

user: What was Trofeo Baracchi?

assistant: Anquetil's most humiliating race was the Trofeo Baracchi in Italy in 1962,
Special claims 
Do you have a disability that isn t listed on this site as being linked to military service? You may still be able to get disability compensation payments or other benefits. If you re a Veteran with a disability we ve concluded is the result of an illness or injury caused or made worse by your active - duty service called a service - connected disability , you may be able to get special compensation to help with disabilities like the ones listed below. Automobile allowance and adaptive equipmentIf your service - connected disability prevents you from driving, find out if you can get money to help buy a specially equipped vehicle or make needed changes to your existing vehicle. Birth defects linked to Agent OrangeIf you were exposed to specific chemicals while serving in Vietnam, Thailand, or the Korean Demilitarized Zone , and your child has spina bifida or other birth defects , your child may be eligible for disability benefits. Replacing damaged clothingIf your clothing s been damaged by your prosthetic or orthopedic device or by medicine you re taking for a skin condition find out if you can get money to help buy new clothes. Recovery from surgery or an immobilizing disability convalescence If you re recovering from surgery or other treatment that s left you unable to move , find out if you can get temporary disability payments or other benefits. Dental careIf you re a Veteran, find out if you can get dental care through VA. Time spent in a hospitalIf you spent time in a VA or VA - approved hospital for a service - connected disability, find out if you can get benefits like disability payments for that time. Being unable to work Individual Unemployability If you can t work because of your service - connected disability , find out if you can get increased disability payments. Title 38 U.S.C. 1151 disabilitiesIf you suffered an added disability while getting VA medical care or taking part in a VA program designed to help you find, get, or keep a j

user: Am I able to apply for special claims?

assistant: Do you have a disability that isn't listed on this site as being linked to military service?

user: No, I have a disability that is listed.

assistant: Are you a Veteran with a disability we've concluded is the result of an illness or injury caused or made worse by your active - duty service called a service - connected disability?

user: No, it hasn't been officially verified yet by anyone.

user: Do you provide temporary disability payments or benefits?

assistant: Yes, if you've recovered from surgery or an immobilizing disability that's left you unable to move, you may qualify for temporary disability benefits.
Título: Alan Kulwicki
Seção: Death
Background: Kulwicki grew up in Greenfield, Wisconsin, a suburb of Milwaukee known for its Polish-American neighborhoods, near the Milwaukee Mile racetrack. After his mother died, his family moved in with his grandmother, who died when Kulwicki was in seventh grade. A year later, his only brother died of a hemophilia-related illness. Kulwicki attended Pius XI High School, a Roman Catholic high school in Milwaukee, and received a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 1977.

Conteúdo: Kulwicki died in an airplane crash on Thursday April 1, 1993. He was returning from an appearance at the Knoxville Hooters in a Hooters corporate plane on a short flight across Tennessee before the Sunday spring race at Bristol. The plane slowed and crashed just before final approach at Tri-Cities Regional Airport near Blountville. The National Transportation Safety Board attributed the crash to the pilot's failure to use the airplane's anti-ice system to clear ice from the engine inlet system.  Kulwicki was buried at St. Adalbert's Cemetery in Milwaukee; the funeral was attended by NASCAR President Bill France, Jr. and numerous drivers. Kulwicki's racecar transporter was driven from the rainy track later that Friday morning while other teams and the media watched it travel slowly around the track with a black wreath on its grille. In 2008, Kyle Petty described the slow laps as "the saddest thing I've ever seen at a racetrack... We just sat and cried." Kulwicki had competed in five NASCAR races that season with two Top 5 finishes, and was ranked ninth in points at his death. In his career, he had won five NASCAR Winston Cup races, 24 pole positions, 75 Top 10 finishes, and one championship in 207 races.  His car was driven by road course specialist Tommy Kendall on road courses and by Jimmy Hensley at the other tracks. It was raced for most of the 1993 season until the team was sold to Geoff Bodine, who operated it as Geoff Bodine Racing.  Kulwicki had been selected to compet

user: Did Kulwicki die while driving a race car?

assistant: Kulwicki died in an airplane crash

user: Where did his plane crash?

assistant: crashed just before final approach at Tri-Cities Regional Airport near Blountville.

user: What was the date of the wreck?

assistant: April 1, 1993.

user: Who was he with?

assistant: attributed the crash to the pilot's failure to use the airplane's anti-ice system to clear ice from the engine inlet system.
Título: Jessica Simpson
Seção: 1980-98: Childhood and career beginnings
Background: Jessica Ann Johnson (nee Simpson; born July 10, 1980) is an American singer, actress and fashion designer. Simpson signed a recording contract with Columbia Records when she was sixteen, and released her debut studio album in 1999. The album sold over four million copies worldwide, and spawned the top three hit "I Wanna Love You Forever" (1999).

Conteúdo: Jessica Ann Simpson was born in Abilene, Texas. She is the first child of Tina Ann (nee Drew), a homemaker, and Joseph "Joe" Simpson, a psychologist and Baptist youth minister. Simpson's parents married in 1978; they divorced in 2013. Simpson has stated that she grew up in Dallas, but her parents now live in McGregor, Texas. Simpson is the first child of the couple; she has a younger sister, Ashlee Simpson. She briefly attended J. J. Pearce High School in her teenage years, though had to drop out as her career began to take off; she later earned her GED. Being the daughter of a minister, Simpson was raised with a strong Christian faith. She was given a purity ring by her father when she was twelve years old. Jessica and her family moved frequently due to her father's job, though they remained in Texas. Her father would often take in unwed mothers for periods of time to provide them shelter.  She began singing in the church choir as a child. When she was eleven, she realized she hoped to achieve success as a singer while at a church retreat. Simpson auditioned for The Mickey Mouse Club at the age of twelve, auditioning with a performance of "Amazing Grace" and dancing to "Ice Ice Baby" (1990). She advanced through multiple rounds, eventually being a semi-finalist for the show alongside artists such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and Justin Timberlake. Simpson claimed that she became nervous about her final audition after seeing Aguilera perform, and she ultimately was 

user: When was she born?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where did she grow up?

assistant: Simpson has stated that she grew up in Dallas,

user: When did she start singing?

assistant: She began singing in the church choir as a child. When she was eleven, she realized she hoped to achieve success as a singer

user: When was she first signed?

assistant: He initially asked her for an audition, and immediately signed her after she performed "I Will Always Love You" (1973) by Dolly Parton.
Título: Neil Diamond
Seção: The 1990s
Background: Neil Leslie Diamond (born January 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor. With 38 songs in the Top 10 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary charts, Diamond has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling musicians of all time. Neil Diamond has been touring around the world consecutively for 50 years. Neil Diamond 50 - 50th Anniversary Collection Diamond was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1984 and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2011.

Conteúdo: During the 1990s, Diamond produced six studio albums. He covered many classics from the movies and from famous Brill Building-era songwriters. He also released two Christmas albums, the first of which peaked at No. 8 on Billboard's Album chart. Diamond also recorded two albums of mostly new material during this period. In 1992, he performed for President George H.W. Bush's final Christmas in Washington NBC special. In 1993, Diamond opened the Mark of the Quad Cities (now the iWireless Center) with two shows on May 27 and 28 to a crowd of 27,000-plus.  The 1990s saw a resurgence in Diamond's popularity. "Sweet Caroline" became a popular sing-along at sporting events. It was used at Boston College football and basketball games. College sporting events in other states also played it, and it was even played at sports events in other countries, such as a Hong Kong Sevens rugby tournament or a soccer match in Northern Ireland. Most notably, it became the theme song of Red Sox Nation, the fans of the Boston Red Sox. The song also came to be played during the 8th inning of every New York Mets home game.  The New York Rangers also adapted it as their own, and played it whenever they were winning at the end of the 3rd period of their games. The Pitt Panthers football team also played it after the third quarter of all home games, with the crowd cheering, "Let's go Pitt". The Carolina Panthers played it at the end of every home game they won. The Davidson College pep band likewise played

user: What was his first album of the 1990s?

assistant: During the 1990s, Diamond produced six studio albums.
Título: Bee Gees
Seção: Songwriting
Background: The Bee Gees were a pop music group formed in 1958. Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb. The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music, but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success: as a popular music act in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the mid-to-late 1970s. The group sang recognisable three-part tight harmonies; Robin's clear vibrato lead vocals were a hallmark of their earlier hits, while Barry's R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the mid-to-late 1970s and 1980s.

Conteúdo: At one point in 1978, the Gibb brothers were responsible for writing and/or performing nine of the songs in the Billboard Hot 100. In all, the Gibbs placed 13 singles onto the Hot 100 in 1978, with 12 making the Top 40. The Gibb brothers are fellows of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA). At least 2,500 artists have recorded their songs.  Singer-songwriter Gavin DeGraw spoke to the Bee Gees' influence with their own music as well as their songwriting:  "Let's talk about the Bee Gees. That's an iconic group. Not just a great band, but a great group of songwriters. Even long after the Bee Gees' success on the pop charts, they were still writing songs for other people, huge hit songs. Their talent went far beyond their moment of normal pop success. It is a loss to the music industry and a loss of an iconic group. The beauty of this industry is that we do pay tribute and every artist coming up is a fan of a generation prior to it, so there's a real tradition element to it".  Among the artists who have covered their songs are Michael Bolton, Boyzone, Eric Clapton, Billy Corgan, Destiny's Child, Faith No More, the Flaming Lips, John Frusciante, Al Green, Engelbert Humperdinck, Elton John, Tom Jones, Janis Joplin, Demi Lovato, Lulu, N-Trance, the Pet Shop Boys, Elvis Presley, Nina Simone, Percy Sledge, Robert Smith, Status Quo, Steps and Take That.  In 2009, as part of the Q150 celebrations, the Bee Gees were announced as one of the Q150 Icons of Queens

user: what is significant about their song writing?

assistant: Even long after the Bee Gees' success on the pop charts, they were still writing songs for other people, huge hit songs.
Título: Richard Stallman
Seção: Terminology
Background: Stallman was born to Alice Lippman, a school teacher, and Daniel Stallman, a printing press broker, in 1953 in New York City. Stallman had a difficult relationship with his parents, as his father had a drinking habit and verbally abused his stepmother. He later came to describe his parents as "tyrants". He was interested in computers at a young age; when Stallman was a pre-teen at a summer camp, he read manuals for the IBM 7094.

Conteúdo: Stallman places great importance on the words and labels people use to talk about the world, including the relationship between software and freedom. He asks people to say free software and GNU/Linux, and to avoid the terms intellectual property and piracy (in relation to copyright). One of his criteria for giving an interview to a journalist is that the journalist agree to use his terminology throughout the article. He has been known to turn down speaking requests over some terminology issues.  Stallman argues that the term "intellectual property" is designed to confuse people, and is used to prevent intelligent discussion on the specifics of copyright, patent, trademark, and other laws by lumping together areas of law that are more dissimilar than similar. He also argues that by referring to these laws as property laws, the term biases the discussion when thinking about how to treat these issues.  These laws originated separately, evolved differently, cover different activities, have different rules, and raise different public policy issues. Copyright law was designed to promote authorship and art, and covers the details of a work of authorship or art. Patent law was intended to encourage publication of ideas, at the price of finite monopolies over these ideas - a price that may be worth paying in some fields and not in others. Trademark law was not intended to promote any business activity, but simply to enable buyers to know what they are buying.  An example of cautioning

user: What was important about terminology?

assistant: Stallman places great importance on the words and labels people use to talk about the world, including the relationship between software and freedom.

user: So he believed software should be free?

assistant: He asks people to say free software and GNU/Linux, and to avoid the terms intellectual property and piracy (in relation to copyright).

user: What didn't he like the use of those terms?

assistant: Stallman argues that the term "intellectual property" is designed to confuse people, and is used to prevent intelligent discussion on the specifics of copyright, patent, trademark,

user: What did he do to get these terms changed to something else?

assistant: He also argues that by referring to these laws as property laws, the term biases the discussion when thinking about how to treat these issues.
Título: Anwar al-Awlaki
Seção: Other connections
Background: Al-Awlaki was born in Las Cruces, New Mexico, in 1971 to parents from Yemen, while his father, Nasser al-Awlaki, was doing graduate work at U.S. universities. His father was a Fulbright Scholar who earned a master's degree in agricultural economics at New Mexico State University in 1971, received a doctorate at the University of Nebraska, and worked at the University of Minnesota from 1975 to 1977. Nasser al-Awlaki served as Agriculture Minister in Ali Abdullah Saleh's government. He was also President of Sana'a University.

Conteúdo: FBI agents identified al-Awlaki as a known, important "senior recruiter for al Qaeda", and a spiritual motivator. His name came up in a dozen terrorism plots in the US, UK, and Canada. The cases included suicide bombers in the 2005 London bombings, radical Islamic terrorists in the 2006 Toronto terrorism case, radical Islamic terrorists in the 2007 Fort Dix attack plot, the jihadist killer in the 2009 Little Rock military recruiting office shooting, and the 2010 Times Square bomber. In each case the suspects were devoted to al-Awlaki's message, which they listened to online and on CDs.  Al-Awlaki's recorded lectures were heard by Islamist fundamentalists in at least six terror cells in the UK through 2009. Michael Finton (Talib Islam), who attempted in September 2009 to bomb the Federal Building and the adjacent offices of Congressman Aaron Schock in Springfield, Illinois, admired al-Awlaki and quoted him on his Myspace page. In addition to his website, al-Awlaki had a Facebook fan page with "fans" in the US, many of whom were high school students. Al-Awlaki also set up a website and blog on which he shared his views.  Al-Awlaki influenced several other extremists to join terrorist organizations overseas and to carry out terrorist attacks in their home countries. Mohamed Alessa and Carlos Almonte, two American citizens from New Jersey who attempted to travel to Somalia in June 2010 to join the al-Qaeda-linked terrorist group Al Shabaab, allegedly watched several al-Awlaki vid

user: What were some of his connections?

assistant: Al-Awlaki influenced several other extremists to join terrorist organizations overseas and to carry out terrorist attacks in their home countries.

user: What countries was he going after?

assistant: The cases included suicide bombers in the 2005 London bombings, radical Islamic terrorists in the 2006 Toronto terrorism case, radical Islamic terrorists in the 2007 Fort Dix attack plot,

user: Were there others?

assistant: the jihadist killer in the 2009 Little Rock military recruiting office shooting, and the 2010 Times Square bomber.
Título: Lewis Fry Richardson
Seção: Mathematical analysis of war
Background: Lewis Fry Richardson was the youngest of seven children born to Catherine Fry (1838-1919) and David Richardson (1835-1913). They were a prosperous Quaker family, David Richardson operating a successful tanning and leather manufacturing business. At age 12 he was sent to a Quaker boarding school, Bootham School in York, where he received an education in science, which stimulated an active interest in natural history. In 1898 he went on to Durham College of Science (a college of Durham University) where he took courses in mathematical physics, chemistry, botany, and zoology.

Conteúdo: Richardson also applied his mathematical skills in the service of his pacifist principles, in particular in understanding the basis of international conflict. For this reason, he is now considered the initiator, or co-initiator (with Quincy Wright and Pitirim Sorokin as well as others such as Kenneth Boulding, Anatol Rapaport and Adam Curle), of the scientific analysis of conflict--an interdisciplinary topic of quantitative and mathematical social science dedicated to systematic investigation of the causes of war and conditions of peace. As he had done with weather, he analysed war using mainly differential equations and probability theory. Considering the armament of two nations, Richardson posited an idealised system of equations whereby the rate of a nation's armament build-up is directly proportional to the amount of arms its rival has and also to the grievances felt toward the rival, and negatively proportional to the amount of arms it already has itself. Solution of this system of equations allows insightful conclusions to be made regarding the nature, and the stability or instability, of various hypothetical conditions which might obtain between nations.  He also originated the theory that the propensity for war between two nations was a function of the length of their common border. And in Arms and Insecurity (1949), and Statistics of Deadly Quarrels (1960), he sought to analyse the causes of war statistically. Factors he assessed included economics, language, and rel

user: What the mathematical analysis of war

assistant: understanding the basis of international conflict.
Título: The Sweet
Seção: New line-up and new record deal
Background: The Sweet (also known as Sweet) is a British glam rock band that rose to worldwide fame in the 1970s. Their best known line-up consisted of lead vocalist Brian Connolly, bass player Steve Priest, guitarist Andy Scott, and drummer Mick Tucker. The group was originally called Sweetshop. The band was formed in London in 1968 and achieved their first hit, "Funny Funny", in 1971 after teaming up with songwriters Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman and record producer Phil Wainman.

Conteúdo: Guitarist Mick Stewart joined in 1969. Stewart had some rock pedigree, having previously worked with The (Ealing) Redcaps and Simon Scott & The All-Nite Workers in the mid-1960s. In late 1965, that band became The Phil Wainman Set when the future Sweet producer joined on drums and the group cut some singles with Errol Dixon. In early 1966, Stewart left and later worked with Johnny Kidd & The Pirates.  The Sweet signed a new record contract with EMI's Parlophone label. Three bubblegum pop singles were released: "Lollipop Man" (September 1969), "All You'll Ever Get from Me" (January 1970), and a cover version of the Archies' "Get on the Line" (June 1970), all of which failed to chart. Stewart then quit, and was not replaced for some time. Connolly and Tucker had a chance meeting with Wainman, who was now producing, and knew of two aspiring songwriters, Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman, who were looking for a group to sing over some demos they had written together. Connolly, Priest and Tucker provided the vocals on a track called "Funny Funny" which featured Pip Williams on guitar, John Roberts on bass and Wainman on drums. The latter began offering the track to various recording companies. The band held auditions for a replacement guitarist and settled on Welsh-born Andy Scott. He had most recently been playing with Mike McCartney (brother of Paul) in the Scaffold. As a member of the Elastic Band, he had played guitar on two singles for Decca, "Think of You Baby" and "Do Unto Other

user: Why was there a new line up?

assistant: that band became The Phil Wainman Set when the future Sweet producer joined on drums and the group cut some singles with Errol Dixon.

user: What was their first single?

assistant: Three bubblegum pop singles were released: "Lollipop Man" (September 1969), "All You'll Ever Get from Me" (January 1970), and a cover version of the Archies' "Get on the Line" (June

user: Were these well received?

assistant: all of which failed to chart.
Título: Henry Winkler
Seção: Theater
Background: Henry Franklin Winkler was born on October 30, 1945 on the West Side of Manhattan, New York, the son of homemaker Ilse Anna Marie (nee Hadra; 1913-2002) and lumber company president Harry Irving Winkler (1903-1995). His parents were German Jews who emigrated from Berlin to the U.S. in 1939, on the eve of World War II. Winkler said that his parents came to the U.S. for a six-month business trip but knew they were never going back. His father smuggled the only assets the family had left (family jewels disguised as a box of chocolates) that he carried under his arm.

Conteúdo: Winkler's audition for the Yale School of Drama was to be a Shakespeare monologue, which he promptly forgot, so he made up his own Shakespeare monologue. Out of a class of 25 actors, 11 finished. During summers, he and his classmates opened a summer stock theater called New Haven Free Theater, putting on various plays including Woyzeck, and an improv night. The company put on a production of The American Pig at the Joseph Papp Public Theater for the New York Shakespeare Festival in New York City. In June 1970, after graduating from Yale, Winkler was asked to be part of the Yale Repertory Theatre company, which included James Naughton and Jill Eikenberry.  During his time there, Cliff Robertson, who had seen him perform in East Hampton, offered him a part in his film The Great Northfield Minnesota Raid. Winkler had to decline because he had no understudy for his current role, and thus was unable to leave. He stayed with the Yale Repertory Theatre for a year and a half.  In 1971, Winkler got a job at the Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. to work on the play, Moonchildren, but was fired by director, Alan Schneider.  In 1977, Winkler appeared in a TV special, "Henry Winkler Meets William Shakespeare," part of the CBS Festival of Lively Arts for Young People instructional series for children. With the assistance of Tom Aldredge as Shakespeare, Winkler, as himself, introduced an audience of children to Romeo and Juliet, The Taming of the Shrew, Hamlet, and Henry IV and explained to t

user: Did he go to theater school?

assistant: Winkler's audition for the Yale School of Drama was to be a Shakespeare monologue,

user: Was he in theatre plays?

assistant: In June 1970, after graduating from Yale, Winkler was asked to be part of the Yale Repertory Theatre company,