dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Bobby Thomson
Seção: Controversy
Background: Thomson was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the youngest of six children. He arrived in the United States two years later. His father, a cabinet maker, had moved to New York City shortly before Bobby's birth and sent for his family in 1925. Thomson grew up on Staten Island in New York City and signed with the New York Giants for a $100 bonus right out of Curtis High School in 1942.

Conteúdo: Longstanding rumors that the Giants engaged in systematic sign stealing during the second half of the 1951 season were confirmed in 2001. Several players told the Wall Street Journal that beginning on July 20, the team used a telescope, manned by coach Herman Franks in the Giants clubhouse behind center field, to steal the finger signals of opposing catchers. Stolen signs were relayed to the Giants dugout via a buzzer wire. Joshua Prager, the author of the Journal article, outlined the evidence in greater detail in a 2008 book.  Although Thomson always insisted that he had no foreknowledge of Branca's pitch, Sal Yvars told Prager that he relayed Rube Walker's fastball sign to Thomson. Branca was privately skeptical of Thomson's denials but made no public comment at the time. Later he told The New York Times, "I didn't want to diminish a legendary moment in baseball. And even if Bobby knew what was coming, he had to hit it.... Knowing the pitch doesn't always help." Whether the telescope-and-buzzer system contributed significantly to the Giants' late-season 37-7 win streak remains a subject of debate. Prager notes in his book that sign stealing was not specifically forbidden by MLB rules at the time and, moral issues aside, "...has been a part of baseball since its inception". Sign stealing using optical or other mechanical aids was outlawed by MLB in 1961.  Thomson however, late in his life, rebuked his prior claims of not receiving the sign on the Shot Heard 'Round the World

user: What was the controversy about?

assistant: Longstanding rumors that the Giants engaged in systematic sign stealing during the second half of the 1951 season were confirmed in 2001.

user: What kind of signs did they steal?

assistant: clubhouse behind center field, to steal the finger signals of opposing catchers.
VA pension benefits 
VA pension benefits are available to some wartime Veterans and their survivors see if you're eligible to apply. 

On this page 
Get VA pension benefits Manage your pension benefits More information and resources 

Get VA pension benefits 
Eligibility for Veterans PensionSee if you qualify for VA pension benefits as a Veteran. How to apply for a VA pension as a VeteranFind out how to prepare and apply for a VA Veterans Pension. Apply for a Veterans Pension online VA Form 21P-527EZ Complete your application online now. Aid and Attendance benefits and Housebound allowanceIf you need help with daily activities or you're housebound , find out how to apply for extra VA pension benefits. VA Survivors PensionFind out if you re eligible and how to apply for VA pension benefits as a surviving spouse or child of a deceased Veteran with wartime service. 

Manage your pension benefits 
Check your VA claim or appeal statusCheck the status of an open claim for VA disability compensation or pension benefits. If you're a surviving spouse or parent , you can view your Dependency and Indemnity Compensation DIC claim status. View your VA payment historyCheck the status of your VA disability, pension, and education payments. You can also see certain survivor benefits. Change your address on file with VAFind out how to change your address and other contact information in your VA.gov profile. This will update your information across several VA benefits and services. Change your VA direct deposit informationLearn how to change your VA pension benefits direct deposit information online. 

More information and resources 
VA pension rates for VeteransView VA pension rates for Veterans, including Aid and Attendance and Housebound rates. Rates for VA Survivors Pension benefitsView pension rates for surviving spouses and children. Protected pension ratesView protected pension rates for section 306 and old law VA disability and death pension benefits. VA claim exam C&P exam

user: hi i need More information and resources about VA Pension Benefits

assistant: Clear things to know are VA Veterans Pension Rates See VA Veterans Pension Rates, including Aid and Assistance and Home Confinement rates.

assistant: Do you want to know Other VA benefits and services?

user: Yes

assistant: With VA Health Care you can Find out how to apply for and manage your VA health care benefits

user: Can I get my pension payments electronically?

assistant: of course Sign up for direct deposit or a prepaid debit card.

user: Who can benefit from the VA Survivors Pension?

assistant: surviving spouse or child of a deceased veteran with war service may apply for VA pension benefits.
Título: Edward Weston
Seção: Darkroom
Background: Edward Henry Weston (March 24, 1886 - January 1, 1958) was a 20th-century American photographer. He has been called "one of the most innovative and influential American photographers..." and "one of the masters of 20th century photography." Over the course of his 40-year career Weston photographed an increasingly expansive set of subjects, including landscapes, still lifes, nudes, portraits, genre scenes and even whimsical parodies. It is said that he developed a "quintessentially American, and specially Californian, approach to modern photography" because of his focus on the people and places of the American West.

Conteúdo: Weston always made contact prints, meaning that the print was exactly the same size as the negative. This was essential for the platinum printing that he preferred early in his career, since at that time the platinum papers required ultra-violet light to activate. Weston did not have an artificial ultra-violet light source, so he had to place the contact print directly in sunlight in order to expose it. This limited him to printing only on sunny days.  When he wanted a print that was larger than the original negative size, he used an enlarger to create a larger inter-positive, then contact printed it to a new negative. The new larger negative was then used to make a print of that size. This process was very labor-intensive; he once wrote in his Daybooks "I am utterly exhausted tonight after a whole day in the darkroom, making eight contact negatives from the enlarged positives."  In 1924 Weston wrote this about his darkroom process, "I have returned, after several years use of Metol-Hydroquinine open-tank" developer to a three-solution Pyro developer, and I develop one at a time in a tray instead of a dozen in a tank." Each sheet of film was viewed under either a green or an orange safelight in his darkroom, allowing him to control the individual development of a negative. He continued to use this technique for the rest of his life.  Weston was known to extensively use dodging and burning to achieve the look he wanted in his prints. CANNOTANSWER

user: What is the Darkroom in reference to?

assistant: Weston wrote this about his darkroom process, "I have returned, after several years use of Metol-Hydroquinine open-tank

user: Did he have any special techniques that he used in his darkroom?

assistant: Weston was known to extensively use dodging and burning to achieve the look he wanted in his prints.

user: What are some of the things that he made in his darkroom?

assistant: Weston always made contact prints, meaning that the print was exactly the same size as the negative.
Título: Bobby Fischer
Seção: Paul Nemenyi as Fischer's father
Background: Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 - January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. Many consider him to be the greatest chess player of all time. Bobby Fischer showed great skill in chess from an early age; at 13, he won a brilliancy known as "The Game of the Century". At age 14, he became the US Chess Champion, and at 15, he became both the youngest grandmaster up to that time and the youngest candidate for the World Championship.

Conteúdo: Sources implying that Paul Nemenyi, a Hungarian-Jewish mathematician and physicist and an expert in fluid and applied mechanics, was Fischer's biological father were first made public in a 2002 investigation by Peter Nicholas and Clea Benson of The Philadelphia Inquirer. Throughout the 1950s, the FBI investigated Regina and her circle for her alleged communist sympathies, as well as her previous life in Moscow.  FBI files identify Paul Nemenyi as Bobby Fischer's biological father, showing that Hans-Gerhardt Fischer never entered the United States, having been refused admission by US immigration officials due to his alleged Communist sympathies. Not only were Regina and Nemenyi reported to have had an affair in 1942, but Nemenyi made monthly child support payments to Regina and paid for Bobby's schooling until his own death in 1952. Nemenyi had lodged complaints with social workers, saying he was concerned about the way that Regina was raising Bobby, to the point that, on at least one occasion, Nemenyi broke down in tears. Later on Bobby told the Hungarian chess player Zita Rajcsanyi that Paul Nemenyi would sometimes show up at the family's Brooklyn apartment and take him on outings.  After Paul Nemenyi died in 1952, Regina Fischer wrote a letter to Nemenyi's first son, Peter, asking if Paul had left money for Bobby in his will:  Bobby was sick 2 days with fever and sore throat and of course a doctor or medicine was out of the question. I don't think Paul would have wanted to 

user: Who was Fischer's father?

assistant: Sources implying that Paul Nemenyi, a Hungarian-Jewish mathematician and physicist and an expert in fluid and applied mechanics, was Fischer's biological father

user: Did Paul Nemenyl have any great achievements?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Sheldon Adelson
Seção: Israeli press
Background: Sheldon Gary Adelson (pronounced ; born August 4, 1933) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is the founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Las Vegas Sands Corporation, which owns the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore, and is the parent company of Venetian Macao Limited, which operates The Venetian Resort Hotel Casino and the Sands Expo and Convention Center. He also owns the Israeli daily newspaper Israel Hayom and the American daily newspaper Las Vegas Review-Journal. Adelson, a lifelong donor and philanthropist to a variety of causes, also founded the Adelson Foundation in 2007, at the initiative of his wife, Miriam.

Conteúdo: In 2007, Adelson made an unsuccessful bid to purchase the Israeli newspaper Maariv. When this failed, he proceeded with parallel plans to publish a free daily newspaper to compete with Israeli, a newspaper he had co-founded in 2006 but had left. The first edition of the new newspaper, Israel Hayom, was published on July 30, 2007. On March 31, 2014, Adelson received the go-ahead from a Jerusalem court to purchase Maariv and the conservative newspaper Makor Rishon. In 2016 Adelson's attorney announced that he does not own Israel Hayom, it is owned by a relative of his.  According to a Target Group Index (TGI) survey published in July 2011, Israel Hayom, which unlike all other Israeli newspapers is distributed for free, became the number-one daily newspaper (on weekdays) four years after its inception. This survey found that Israel Hayom had a 39.3% weekday readership exposure, Yedioth Ahronoth 37%, Maariv 12.1%, and Haaretz 5.8%. The Yedioth Ahronoth weekend edition was still leading with a 44.3% readership exposure, compared to 31% for the Israel Hayom weekend edition, 14.9% for Maariv, and 6.8% for Haaretz. This trend was already observed by a TGI survey in July 2010.  In 2011, the Israeli press said that Adelson was unhappy with coverage of him on Israeli Channel 10, which alleged that Adelson had acquired a casino license in Las Vegas inappropriately through political connections. The channel apologized after Adelson threatened a lawsuit. This led to the resignations of the

user: What does Sheldon have to do with the Israeli press?

assistant: he proceeded with parallel plans to publish a free daily newspaper to compete with Israeli, a newspaper he had co-founded in 2006

user: Was he successful at the paper?

assistant: The first edition of the new newspaper, Israel Hayom, was published on July 30, 2007.

user: Was he the owner of the paper?

assistant: he had co-founded

user: Who also owned the paper?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did he make changes at the paper?

assistant: Adelson received the go-ahead from a Jerusalem court to purchase Maariv and the conservative newspaper Makor Rishon. In

user: Did he own any other papers?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What did people think regarding him in charge of the paper?

assistant: had been correct and appropriate.
Título: Rodrigo Duterte
Seção: Mayor of Davao City
Background: Duterte was born on March 28, 1945, in Maasin. His maternal grandfather was a Chinese immigrant from Xiamen, Fujian. His father was Vicente G. Duterte (1911-1968), a Cebuano lawyer, and his mother, Soledad Duterte (nee Roa; 1916-2012), was a school teacher from Cabadbaran, Agusan and a civic leader of Maranao descent. Duterte's father was mayor of Danao, Cebu, and subsequently the provincial governor of (the then-undivided) Davao province.

Conteúdo: After the 1986 People Power Revolution, Duterte was appointed officer-in-charge vice mayor by president Corazon Aquino. In 1988, he ran for mayor and won, serving until 1998. He set a precedent by designating deputy mayors that represented the Lumad and Moro peoples in the city government, which was later copied in other parts of the Philippines. In 1998, because he was term-limited to run again for mayor, he ran for the House of Representatives and won as Congressman of the 1st District of Davao City (under the Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino coalition). In 2001, he ran again for mayor in Davao and was again elected for his fourth term. He was re-elected in 2004 and in 2007.  In 2013, Davao City sent rescue and medical teams to Tacloban to give aid to the victims of Typhoon Haiyan, locally known in the country as Typhoon Yolanda. Financial assistance was also given to Bohol and Cebu for the earthquake victims.  In 2010, he was elected vice mayor, succeeding his daughter, Sara Duterte-Carpio, who was elected as mayor. He has been offered the Interior Secretary post 4 times, by presidents Fidel V. Ramos, Joseph Ejercito Estrada, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, and Benigno S. Aquino III but rejected all of them.  Duterte also passed the city's Women Development Code, which aims "to uphold the rights of women and the belief in their worth and dignity as human beings". Duterte banned swimsuit competitions in beauty pageants in Davao City. Duterte also gained prominence for supportin

user: When did he become mayor?

assistant: In 1988, he ran for mayor and won, serving until 1998.

user: Did he hold any other offices?

assistant: In 1998, because he was term-limited to run again for mayor, he ran for the House of Representatives and won as Congressman of the 1st District of Davao City (

user: Was he re elected as congressman?

assistant: In 2001, he ran again for mayor in Davao and was again elected for his fourth term. He was re-elected in 2004 and in 2007.

user: Did he have any family in politics?

assistant: In 2010, he was elected vice mayor, succeeding his daughter, Sara Duterte-Carpio, who was elected as mayor.

user: Were there any other family members in politics?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did anything of note happen during this time?

assistant: Duterte also passed the city's Women Development Code, which aims "to uphold the rights of women and the belief in their worth and dignity as human beings".

user: What did the Women Developement Code entail?

assistant: Duterte banned swimsuit competitions in beauty pageants in Davao City.
Título: Joseph Carr
Seção: Columbus Panhandles
Background: Carr was born Joseph Francis Karr on October 23, 1879, at his parents' home in the Irish neighborhood on the East End of Columbus, Ohio. His father, Michael Karr, was a shoemaker who was born in Ireland in 1841 and immigrated to the United States in 1864. His mother Margaret Karr was born in New York to Irish immigrant parents. Carr had five older siblings, Bridget, James, John, Mary, and Michael, and a younger brother, Edward.

Conteúdo: In 1900, Carr organized a baseball team made up of employees of the railroad's Panhandle Division. The team, known as the Famous Panhandle White Sox, played in the Capital City League and the Saturday Afternoon League in Columbus for several years. According to the Chicago Tribune, Carr's Panhandle club "gained a reputation in semi-professional ranks throughout the country."  In 1907, Carr began a long association with the sport of football. He obtained permission from the Panhandle Athletic Club to reorganize the Columbus Panhandles football team, a team that had been formed in 1900 or 1901 and disbanded in 1904. He secured players from the railroad shop where he worked. The core of Carr's Panhandles teams were six Nesser brothers who worked at the shop and were excellent athletes. To save on expenses, the players, who were railroad employees, used their passes to ride the train for free and practiced during the lunch hour on the railroad yards. Over the next 13 years, the Panhandles became known as a traveling team, as Carr saved money on travel expenses and stadium rental by playing mostly road games. In 1921, the Fort Wayne Journal called the Panhandles the "most renowned professional football aggregation in the country."  Carr also continued his association with professional baseball while running the Panhandles, serving for several years as the secretary/treasurer and later president of the Ohio State League, a minor league baseball circuit.  As early as 1917, Carr was 

user: Did Carr play for the Panhandles illegally?

assistant: He obtained permission from the Panhandle Athletic Club to reorganize the Columbus Panhandles football team,

user: How did he reorganize them?

assistant: He secured players from the railroad shop where he worked.

user: Did that help the team?

assistant: The core of Carr's Panhandles teams were six Nesser brothers who worked at the shop and were excellent athletes.

user: How long did they play for the team?

assistant: 13 years,
Título: The Cranberries
Seção: Formation and early years (1989-1992)
Background: The Cranberries are an Irish rock band formed in Limerick in 1989 by lead singer Niall Quinn, guitarist Noel Hogan, bassist Mike Hogan, and drummer Fergal Lawler. Quinn was replaced as lead singer by Dolores O'Riordan in 1990. Although widely associated with alternative rock, the band's sound also incorporates indie pop, post-punk, Irish folk, and pop rock elements. The Cranberries rose to international fame in the 1990s with their debut album

Conteúdo: In 1989, brothers Mike (bass) and Noel (guitar) Hogan formed The Cranberry Saw Us with drummer Fergal Lawler and singer Niall Quinn, in Limerick, Ireland. Less than a year later, Quinn left the band. The remaining band members then placed an advertisement for a female singer. Dolores O'Riordan responded to the advertisement and auditioned by writing lyrics and melodies to some existing demos. When she returned with a rough version of "Linger", she was hired, and they recorded Nothing Left At All, a three-track EP released on tape by local record label Xeric Records, which sold 300 copies. The group changed their name to "The Cranberries". The owner of Xeric Studios, Pearse Gilmore, became their manager and provided the group with studio time to complete another demo tape, which he produced. It featured early versions of "Linger" and "Dreams", which were sent to record companies throughout the UK.  This demo earned the attention of both the UK press and record industry and sparked a bidding war between major British record labels. Eventually, the group signed with Island Records. The Cranberries headed back into studio with Gilmore as their producer to record their first EP Uncertain and created a music video for the title track, which was not released. The EP received poor reviews in the press and led to tension between the group and Gilmore. After a difficult recording session intended for their first Island records album in January 1992, the band scrapped their work and fir

user: when was the band formed?

assistant: 1989, brothers Mike (bass) and Noel (guitar) Hogan formed The Cranberry Saw Us with

user: who was in the band?

assistant: drummer Fergal Lawler and singer Niall Quinn, in Limerick, Ireland.

user: were there any other members?

assistant: brothers Mike (bass) and Noel (guitar) Hogan

user: were there even more members?

assistant: Less than a year later, Quinn left the band. The

user: did anyone replace quinn?

assistant: Dolores O'Riordan responded to the advertisement

user: did the band ever go on tour?

assistant: Cranberries toured in Ireland and the UK, getting the attention of

user: what was a song that they sung?

assistant: Linger" and "Dreams

user: did they win any awards?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: were any of their songs considered to be a hit?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what record label did they use?

assistant: Island Records.

user: what happened in 1992?

assistant: the band scrapped their work and fired Gilmore.
Título: Sam & Dave
Seção: Arrival at Stax and early Stax singles
Background: Sam & Dave were an American soul and R&B duo who performed together from 1961 until 1981. The tenor (higher) voice was Sam Moore (born 1935) and the baritone/tenor (lower) voice was Dave Prater (1937-1988). Sam & Dave are members of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Grammy Hall of Fame, the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, the Memphis Music Hall of Fame, and are Grammy Award and multiple gold record award-winning artists.

Conteúdo: When Sam & Dave arrived at Stax, they worked with producer & engineer Jim Stewart and songwriters including the MGs' guitarist Steve Cropper, who wrote or co-wrote four of their first eight recordings. The duo then moved to relative newcomer writers and producers Isaac Hayes and David Porter. Hayes and Porter wrote and produced the duo's biggest hits (although they did not receive production credits until the Soul Men LP and singles). According to Moore and Prater, they also greatly influenced the duo's singing style, and shifted their recording style from the style of their Roulette records to a more live, more energetic gospel, call-and-response feel and beat driven soul style the group is known for today.  Sam & Dave's Stax records also benefited from the musicians and engineering at Stax. The Stax house band, Booker T. & the M.G.'s, and the Stax horn section, the Mar-Keys, were world-class musicians who co-wrote (often without credit) and contributed to recordings--the same musicians who recorded with Otis Redding, Wilson Pickett, Carla Thomas and other soul artists. Sam & Dave's Stax recordings through 1967 were engineered by Stax founder Jim Stewart, who created the Memphis Sound by recording live in a single take. Stewart is credited for instrumental mixes that allowed for instrumental separation and the distinct contribution of each instrument to the overall feel of the song.  While the first two Stax singles failed to chart, the third, the Hayes/Porter composition (w

user: What is Stax?

assistant: When Sam & Dave arrived at Stax, they worked with producer & engineer Jim Stewart and songwriters

user: What did they make at Stax?

assistant: Hayes and Porter wrote and produced the duo's biggest hits (although they did not receive production credits until the Soul Men LP and singles).

user: What singles were produced there?

assistant: ) "You Don't Know Like I Know" hit #7 R&B in 1966.

user: What was their most popular song?

assistant: This was the first of 10 consecutive Top Twenty R&B chart hits over three years, and 14 R&B chart appearances during their career.

user: Did they ever return to gospel while at Stax?

assistant: shifted their recording style from the style of their Roulette records to a more live, more energetic gospel,

user: What was Atlantic's relationship with the pair during this?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Accepting Financial Aid 
First , accept the financial aid funds you don t have to pay back. When your school financial aid office sends you an aid offer , they ll ask you to indicate which financial aid you want. Look carefully at your options and make an informed decision. 

Choosing the Best Financial Aid to Accept 
Keep the following in mind when you get an aid offer and are deciding which aid is the best to accept : Free money first e.g., scholarships, grants Earned money second e.g., work - study Borrowed money last e.g., federal student loans Start from the top of this table and work your way down : Many schools also offer tuition payment plans a monthly interest - free payment toward tuition. This type of plan may help reduce the amount you need to take out in loans. Ask your financial aid office if such a plan is available. 

Deciding Which Student Loans to Accept 
If you must accept loans , accept the ones with the most favorable terms and conditions. Usually , that means choosing the federal student loans offered to you. If you are considering getting a state loan, school loan, or private student loan , you should learn about the differences between federal and other loans. If you have any questions or don t understand what types of loans are in your aid offer , contact the school. Make sure you understand what you re accepting and the repayment terms. Borrow only what you need! If your living expenses are not going to be as high as the amount estimated by your school , you have the right to turn down the loan or to request a lower loan amount. In the aid offer , your school will tell you how to do this. To determine how much loan money to accept, make a list of your college and living expenses and the resources you ll have available to pay them ; in other words, make a budget to help ensure you borrow only what you need. Remember: If you don t accept the full amount of the loan you re eligible for , you can increase the amount later. 

Informing Your Sc

user: I need some guidance on what financial aid I should accept.

assistant: I'll be happy to help you with this. To start, you should always accept financial aid funds that do not have to be paid back.

assistant: Have you received an aid offer from your school financial aid office?

user: Yes, I have.

assistant: Excellent. It's very important to carefully review all your options, so that you can make an informed decision.

user: What are some things I should be thinking about when choosing what aid to accept?

assistant: Your number one goal should be to accept the aid that best fits your needs. 

user: How do I know how much loan money to accept?

assistant: You will need to make a budget that covers your college tuition and living expenses, so that you only borrow what you need.
Título: Earth Crisis
Seção: Initial career (1989-1995)
Background: Earth Crisis is an American metalcore band from Syracuse, New York, active from 1989 until 2001, reuniting in 2007. Since 1993 the band's longest serving members are vocalist Karl Buechner, guitarist Scott Crouse, bassist Ian Edwards and drummer Dennis Merrick. Their third guitarist Erick Edwards joined the band in 1998. The band has released eight studio albums, three compilations, two live albums and six music videos.

Conteúdo: The band originally formed in 1989, after bassist Karl Buechner proposed the idea to his friend DJ Rose, whom he knew because both skateboarded together. Rose became the vocalist and they were joined by Jesse Buckley on drums and John Moseman on guitar. Established in the latter part of the youth crew heyday, where many groups disbanded and their members stopped being straight edge, they wanted to "keep that torch burning", as Buechner said. "The feeling of disappointment we had in those bands lead us to promote straight edge as being a lifetime commitment to never touch a drop of poison. We wanted people to know they can believe in us." Rose named the band after the 1984's album of the same name from the British reggae band Steel Pulse, because its cover portrayed many of the things they "would stand against", such as the starving African children, the two blocs of the Cold War and Klansmen.  Its initial lineup was short-lived; they had two or three practices and played a show in Utica, New York. After that performance, DJ Rose decided to quit the group to spend more time booking shows. Karl Buechner continued composing and formed a new lineup of the band in 1991, after attending a skateboard demonstration where he met members of the also vegan straight edge band Framework. He switched to lead vocals in the process and was joined by four of the five members of Framework: guitarist Scott Crouse, bassist Ian "Bulldog" Edwards, guitarist Ben Read and drummer Michael Riccardi, a

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: bassist Karl Buechner proposed the idea to his friend DJ Rose,

user: When did they form

assistant: 1989,
Título: William Hogarth
Seção: Harlot's and Rake's Progresses
Background: William Hogarth was born at Bartholomew Close in London to Richard Hogarth, a poor Latin school teacher and textbook writer, and Anne Gibbons. In his youth he was apprenticed to the engraver Ellis Gamble in Leicester Fields, where he learned to engrave trade cards and similar products. Young Hogarth also took a lively interest in the street life of the metropolis and the London fairs, and amused himself by sketching the characters he saw. Around the same time, his father, who had opened an unsuccessful Latin-speaking coffee house at St John's Gate, was imprisoned for debt in Fleet Prison for five years.

Conteúdo: In 1731 Hogarth completed the earliest of his series of moral works, a body of work that led to significant recognition. The collection of six scenes was entitled A Harlot's Progress and appeared first as paintings (now lost) before being published as engravings. A Harlot's Progress depicts the fate of a country girl who begins prostituting - the six scenes are chronological, starting with a meeting with a bawd and ending with a funeral ceremony that follows the character's death from venereal disease.  The inaugural series was an immediate success and was followed in 1733-1735 by the sequel A Rake's Progress. The second instalment consisted of eight pictures that depicted the reckless life of Tom Rakewell, the son of a rich merchant, who spends all of his money on luxurious living, services from prostitutes, and gambling - the character's life ultimately ends in Bethlem Royal Hospital. The original paintings of A Harlot's Progress were destroyed in the fire at Fonthill House in 1755; the oil paintings of A Rake's Progress (1733-34) are displayed in the gallery room at Sir John Soane's Museum, London, UK.  When the success of A Harlot's Progress and A Rake's Progress resulted in numerous pirated reproductions by unscrupulous printsellers, Hogarth lobbied in parliament for greater legal control over the reproduction of his and other artists' work. The result was the Engravers' Copyright Act (known as 'Hogarth's Act'), which became law on 25 June 1735 and was the first copyrigh

user: When did Hogarth paint Harlot's and Rake's Progresses?

assistant: ) before being published as engravings.

user: What are Harlot's and Rake's Progresses?

assistant: A Harlot's Progress depicts the fate of a country girl who begins prostituting

user: What is a Rake's Progress?

assistant: the sequel

user: What happens to the country girl?

assistant: ending with a funeral ceremony that follows the character's death from venereal disease.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: The inaugural series was an immediate success

user: Did Hogarth have more series?

assistant: was followed in 1733-1735 by the sequel A Rake's Progress.
Replacement Card for a Noncitizen Adult 
You can replace your Social Security card for free if it is lost or stolen. However , you may not need to get a replacement card, knowing your Social Security number is what's important. You are limited to three 3 replacement cards in a year and 10 during your lifetime. Legal name changes and other exceptions do not count toward these limits. Also , you may not be affected by these limits if you can prove you need the card to prevent a significant hardship. In general , only noncitizens who have permission to work from the Department of Homeland Security DHS can apply for a Social Security number. If you do not have permission to work but need a Social Security number for other purposes , see " If you do not have permission to work " for further information. Important You must present original documents or copies certified by the agency that issued them. We cannot accept photocopies or notarized copies. All documents must be current not expired. We cannot accept a receipt showing you applied for the document. 

What original documents do I need? 
Immigration Status To prove your U.S. immigration status , you must show us your current U.S. immigration document, such as : Form I-551 Lawful Permanent Resident Card, Machine Readable Immigrant Visa ; I-766 Employment Authorization Document, EAD, work permit ; or I-94 Arrival / Departure Record or admission stamp in the unexpired foreign passport. If you are an F-1 or M-1 student , you also must show us your I-20 Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status. If you are a J-1 or J-2 exchange visitor , you must show us your DS-2019 Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor Status. Work Eligibility In general , only noncitizens who have permission to work from DHS can apply for a Social Security number. If you are a foreign worker , we only need to see an I-94 Arrival / Departure Record or admission stamp in the unexpired foreign passport showing a class of admis

user: Hi, I need to replace my Social Security Card.

assistant: I can help you with that. You can replace your card for free if it is lost or stolen, however if you know your Social Security number you may not need to get a replacement card.

assistant: Do you need a Social Security number for reasons that do not relate to not having permission to work?
Título: The Clark Sisters
Seção: More success
Background: The Clark Sisters are an American gospel vocal group consisting of five sisters: Jacky Clark Chisholm (b. 1948), Denise Clark Bradford (b. 1953), Elbernita "Twinkie" Clark-Terrell (b. 1954), Dorinda Clark-Cole (b. 1957), and Karen Clark Sheard (b. 1960). The Clark Sisters are the daughters of gospel musician and choral director Mattie Moss Clark. They are credited for helping to bring gospel music to the mainstream and are considered as pioneers of contemporary gospel.

Conteúdo: After a four-year gap between releases, the sisters continued as a foursome, signing with Rejoice Records, a division of Word. This new deal yielded the Grammy-nominated Heart & Soul (1986) featuring the mainstream single "Time Out". This project made a top 5 debut on Billboard's Gospel Charts and garnered the group a coveted Dove Award. It featured the original versions of "Jesus Is A Love Song", "Balm in Gilead", and "Pray for the USA", which has been re-recorded several times. The music took on a more contemporary sound with programmed drums and synthesizers. Also included on this album were "Smile, God Loves You", "Time Out", "I Am Blessed", and the funky "He'll Turn Your Scars Into Stars."  In 1988, The Clark Sisters released their Billboard chart-topping and critically acclaimed album Conqueror. It featured a bolder, more intense sound, with synthesizers, drum machines and more funk-oriented beats. Conqueror quickly became a fan favorite with hits like "The Darkest Hour Is Just Before The Day" and the original studio version of "Jesus Forevermore".  In 1989, The Clark Sisters released their highly anticipated live album, Bringing it Back Home, recorded in their home town of Detroit. It was the last recording from The Clark Sisters on Word Records' Rejoice imprint and the last group album with Twinkie just before the launch of her solo career. The album included both previous hits and new material. It featured guest appearances from gospel icon Rance Allen and backing ch

user: What other success did they have?

assistant: Grammy-nominated Heart & Soul (1986)

user: Did they win any awards?

assistant: garnered the group a coveted Dove Award.

user: Any other awards?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting facts in the article?

assistant: In 1994, the Clark Sisters released their last studio album before breaking grounds into their successful solo careers.
Título: Rubber Soul
Seção: Music
Background: Rubber Soul is the sixth studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. It was released on 3 December 1965 in the United Kingdom, on EMI's Parlophone label, accompanied by the non-album double A-side single "Day Tripper" / "We Can Work It Out". The original North American version of the album was altered by Capitol Records to include a different selection of tracks.

Conteúdo: Most of the album's songs were composed soon after the Beatles' return to London after their North American tour. The Beatles expanded their sound on the album, with influences drawn from African-American soul music, the contemporary folk rock of Bob Dylan and the Byrds, and the Who. Rubber Soul also saw the band expanding rock and roll's instrumental resources, most notably on "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)" through George Harrison's use of the Indian sitar. Having been introduced to the instrument on the set of the band's 1965 film Help!, Harrison's interest was fuelled by fellow Indian music fans Roger McGuinn and David Crosby of the Byrds, partway through the Beatles' August 1965 US tour.  Taking support from French and Greek-influenced modalities for guitar lines on "Michelle" and "Girl", using fuzz bass on "Think for Yourself", and employing a piano made to sound like a baroque harpsichord on the instrumental bridge of "In My Life" added to the exotic brushstrokes on the album. During the sessions, the Beatles also made use of harmonium, marking that instrument's introduction into rock music. Lennon, McCartney and Harrison's three-part harmony singing was another musical detail that came to typify the Rubber Soul sound. Author Andrew Grant Jackson describes Rubber Soul as a "synthesis of folk, rock, soul, baroque, proto-psychedelia, and the sitar". According to The Encyclopedia of Country Music, building on the band's 1964 track "I Don't Want to Spoil the Party",

user: What kind of music did they create?

assistant: African-American soul music,

user: What was significant about their music?

assistant: saw the band expanding rock and roll's instrumental resources,

user: What else is significant about their music?

assistant: Harrison's interest was fuelled by fellow Indian music fans Roger McGuinn and David Crosby of the Byrds, partway through the Beatles' August 1965 US tour.

user: Did they receive any recognition for their music?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Eligibility for VA health care 
Find out if you can get VA health care as a Veteran. 

Can I get VA health care benefits? 
You may be able to get VA health care benefits if you served in the active military, naval, or air service and didn t receive a dishonorable discharge. If you enlisted after September 7 , 1980, or entered active duty after October 16 , 1981 , you must have served 24 continuous months or the full period for which you were called to active duty, unless any of the descriptions below are true for you . This minimum duty requirement may not apply if any of these are true. You: Were discharged for a disability that was caused or made worse by your active - duty service , or Were discharged for a hardship or early out , or Served prior to September 7 , 1980 If you re a current or former member of the Reserves or National Guard , you must have been called to active duty by a federal order and completed the full period for which you were called or ordered to active duty. If you had or have active - duty status for training purposes only , you don t qualify for VA health care. 

What should I do if I received an other than honorable, bad conduct, or dishonorable discharge? 
If you ve received one of these discharge statuses , you may not be eligible for VA benefits. There are 2 ways you can try to qualify : Find out how to apply for a discharge upgradeLearn about the VA Character of Discharge review process 

Is there anything that will make me more likely to get these benefits? 
Yes. You may qualify for enhanced eligibility status meaning you ll be placed in a higher priority group, which makes you more likely to get benefits if you meet at least one of the requirements listed below. At least one of these must be true. You: Receive financial compensation payments from VA for a service - connected disability Were discharged for a disability resulting from something that happened to you in the line of duty Were discharged for a disability that got worse 

user: Hello, I would like to know if there is something that makes me more likely to obtain these benefits?

assistant: Yes, you may qualify for an improved eligibility status, which means you will be placed in a higher priority group, making you more likely to get benefits

assistant: Would you like to know what requirements you must meet?

user: yes I would like it

assistant: Do you receive VA financial compensation payments for a service - disability related?

user: no i don't enjoy that payment

assistant: Were you discharged for a disability resulting from something that happened to you in the line of duty?

user: do not

assistant: Were you discharged because of a disability that worsened your duty?
Título: Stephen Roche
Seção: Post-1987 career
Background: Stephen Roche (; born 28 November 1959) is an Irish former professional road racing cyclist. In a 13-year professional career, he peaked in 1987, becoming the second of only two cyclists to win the Triple Crown of victories in the Tour de France and the Giro d'Italia stage races, plus the World road race championship, the first was Eddy Merckx. Roche's rise coincided with that of fellow Irishman Sean Kelly. Although one of the finest cyclists of his generation and admired for his pedalling style, he struggled with knee injuries and never contended in the Grand Tours post-1987.

Conteúdo: At the close of 1987, Roche moved to Fagor MBK, bringing English riders Sean Yates and Malcolm Elliot, 1984 Tour de France King of the Mountains winner Robert Millar and domestique Eddy Schepers. The team was criticised for containing too many English speakers.  The 1988 season began badly with a recurrence of the knee injury and Roche began a gradual decline. In 1989 he again took second in Paris-Nice (making four second places) and the Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme. Roche finished the 1989 Giro d'Italia ninth behind Laurent Fignon. During the 1989 Tour de France, Roche withdrew due to his knee.  There were problems with his team in and he changed again. In 1990, racing for Histor Sigma, he won the Four Days of Dunkirk and 1991 riding for Roger De Vlaeminck's TonTon Tapis brought victories in the Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme and Criterium International. In the 1991 Tour de France, Roche missed the start for his team's Team time trial and was forced to withdraw due to controversially missing the time cut.  In the Grand Tours, he was ninth in the 1989 Giro, and won a stage of the 1992 Tour de France in appalling conditions into La Bourboule (again racing for Carrera Jeans-Vagabond but now in support of Claudio Chiappucci) and en route to a final ninth place. Riding the last edition of the Nissan Classic Tour of Ireland, Roche was in many breaks but finished fifth. A year later, he was again ninth in the 1993 Giro d'Italia and 13th in the 1993 Tour de France.  Roche retired at t

user: What did he do after 1987

assistant: At the close of 1987, Roche moved to Fagor MBK,

user: Why did he move

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was he retired

assistant: The 1988 season began badly

user: What was bad

assistant: a recurrence of the knee injury

user: Did he get surgery

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Captain Beefheart
Seção: Safe as Milk
Background: Don Van Vliet (, born Don Glen Vliet; January 15, 1941 - December 17, 2010) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and visual artist best known by the stage name Captain Beefheart. He conducted a rotating ensemble called the Magic Band, with whom he released 13 studio albums between 1964 and 1982. His music blended elements of blues, free jazz, and rock with avant-garde composition, idiosyncratic rhythms, and his surrealist wordplay and wide vocal range. Known for his enigmatic persona, Beefheart frequently constructed myths about his life and was known to exercise an almost dictatorial control over his supporting musicians.

Conteúdo: After fulfilling their deal for two singles the band presented demos to A&M during 1966 for what would become the Safe as Milk album. A&M's Jerry Moss reportedly described this new direction as "too negative" and dropped the band from the label, although still under contract. Much of the demo recording was accomplished at Art Laboe's Original Sound Studio, then with Gary Marker on the controls at Sunset Sound on 8-track. By the end of 1966 they were signed to Buddah Records and much of the demo work was transferred to 4-track, at the behest of Krasnow and Perry, in the RCA Studio in Hollywood, where the recording was finalized. Tracks that were originally laid down in the demo by Doug Moon are therefore taken up by Ry Cooder's work in the release, as Moon had departed over "musical differences" at this juncture.  Drummer John French had now joined the group and it would later (notably on Trout Mask Replica) be his patience that was required to transcribe Van Vliet's creative ideas (often expressed by whistling or banging on the piano) into musical form for the other group members. On French's departure this role was taken over by Bill Harkleroad for Lick My Decals Off, Baby.  Many of the lyrics on the Safe as Milk album were written by Van Vliet in collaboration with the writer Herb Bermann, who befriended Van Vliet after seeing him perform at a bar-gig in Lancaster in 1966. The song "Electricity" was a poem written by Bermann, who gave Van Vliet permission to adapt it to mus

user: What is Safe as Milk

assistant: After fulfilling their deal for two singles the band presented demos to A&M during 1966 for what would become the Safe as Milk album.