dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Abraham Maslow
Seção: Humanistic psychology
Background: Abraham Harold Maslow (; April 1, 1908 - June 8, 1970) was an American psychologist who was best known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization. Maslow was a psychology professor at Alliant International University, Brandeis University, Brooklyn College, New School for Social Research, and Columbia University. He stressed the importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people, as opposed to treating them as a "bag of symptoms." A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Maslow as the tenth most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Conteúdo: Maslow's thinking was original. Most psychologists before him had been concerned with the abnormal and the ill. He urged people to acknowledge their basic needs before addressing higher needs and ultimately self-actualization. He wanted to know what constituted positive mental health. Humanistic psychology gave rise to several different therapies, all guided by the idea that people possess the inner resources for growth and healing and that the point of therapy is to help remove obstacles to individuals' achieving them. The most famous of these was client-centered therapy developed by Carl Rogers.  The basic principles behind humanistic psychology are simple: 1. Someone's present functioning is their most significant aspect. As a result, humanists emphasize the here and now instead of examining the past or attempting to predict the future. 2. To be mentally healthy, individuals must take personal responsibility for their actions, regardless of whether the actions are positive or negative. 3. Each person, simply by being, is inherently worthy. While any given action may be negative, these actions do not cancel out the value of a person. 4. The ultimate goal of living is to attain personal growth and understanding. Only through constant self-improvement and self-understanding can an individual ever be truly happy.  Humanistic psychology theory suits people who see the positive side of humanity and believe in free will. This theory clearly contrasts with Freud's theory of biolog

user: What were his views on Humanistic psychology?

assistant: He urged people to acknowledge their basic needs before addressing higher needs

user: What are some higher needs?

assistant: The ultimate goal of living is to attain personal growth and understanding.

user: Are there any others he considers higher needs?

assistant: To be mentally healthy, individuals must take personal responsibility for their actions,

user: Did he define the basic needs?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Humanistic psychology theory suits people who see the positive side of humanity and believe in free will.
Título: Petra (band)
Seção: Never Say Die (1981)
Background: Petra is a music group regarded as a pioneer of the Christian rock and contemporary Christian music genres. Formed in 1972, the band took its name from the Greek word for "rock". Though it disbanded formally in 2006, incarnations have played reunion shows in the years since and released an album in November 2010. In 2013, it reformed with a new drummer, Cristian Borneo, and recorded a new song titled "Holy is Your Name", before going back on tour.

Conteúdo: The four band members and studio drummer Keith Edwards recorded Never Say Die and released it in 1981, with the first single a song originally written and performed by Volz's old band. "The Coloring Song" was Petra's big break, rocketing to the top of three Christian radio charts (rock, adult contemporary, inspirational) and reaching the top five of a fourth (southern gospel). Other songs - including the haunting "For Annie," the rocking "Chameleon" and the controversial "Killing My Old Man" - became audience favorites.  Sporting a heavier, more polished sound in the vein of Foreigner, Styx or Kansas, Never Say Die became the breakthrough album for which the band and its label had hoped, receiving rave reviews. CCM Magazine compared the band's new sound to Boston's, praising the album's lyrical and musical content and calling Never Say Die "by far their finest to date."  Ultimately, "The Coloring Song" became the third-hottest song on Christian radio in 1982 and the 14th-highest-ranked single of the decade on the Christian adult contemporary charts. It stayed on the radio charts an astounding 14 months, while "For Annie" reached the top five on Christian radio in 24 markets.  As important as the success on radio was the band's ability to tour nationally - the costs of which had been formidable in previous years. Unable to raise enough money for nationwide tours in support of its previous albums, Petra received another break when the band Servant invited it to open on its 1981

user: Is "Never Say Die" the name of a Petra album?

assistant: Keith Edwards recorded Never Say Die and released it in 1981,

user: How was Never Say Die received by the public?

assistant: Never Say Die became the breakthrough album for which the band and its label had hoped, receiving rave reviews.
Título: Bruce Dickinson
Seção: Beginnings and success: 1981-1985
Background: Paul Bruce Dickinson was born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire. His mother, Sonia, worked part-time in a shoe shop, and his father, Bruce, was a mechanic in the army. Dickinson's birth hurried the young couple, then just teenagers, into marriage. Initially, he was brought up by his grandparents; his grandfather was a coal-face worker at the local colliery and his grandmother was a housewife.

Conteúdo: Dickinson went to audition for Iron Maiden at a rehearsal room in Hackney in September 1981 and immediately discovered that this was a much more professional operation than he was used to with Samson. In the practice rooms, the band played through "Prowler", "Sanctuary", "Running Free" and "Remember Tomorrow", before asking Dickinson to sing the same songs again in a recording studio, and he was immediately inducted into the group.  Iron Maiden had a strict and organised routine that suited the band's writing style, which Dickinson described as a "time table". After a few gigs, they began writing new material for their third album, The Number of the Beast, released in 1982. In the wake of Samson's contractual problems, Dickinson could not legally be credited on any of the record's songs, having to make, what he called, a "moral contribution", later revealing that he had contributed limited creative input to "The Prisoner", "Children of the Damned" and "Run to the Hills". The album was a major success, topping the UK charts, and earning platinum status in the UK and the US. Following the release, the band embarked on a supporting tour around the globe.  On the following albums, 1983's Piece of Mind and 1984's Powerslave, Steve Harris's song-writing monopoly was pushed aside in favour of other members' ideas, with Dickinson contributing to a number of tracks, including the singles "Flight of Icarus" and "2 Minutes to Midnight". Throughout the World Slavery Tour, as part of the 

user: How did he get his start?

assistant: Dickinson went to audition for Iron Maiden at a rehearsal room in Hackney in September 1981

user: How was his rehearsal?

assistant: asking Dickinson to sing the same songs again in a recording studio, and he was immediately inducted into the group.

user: What else is notable about Dickinson in his beginning?

assistant: Dickinson could not legally be credited on any of the record's songs, having to make, what he called, a "moral contribution",

user: Why couldn't he be credited?

assistant:   Iron Maiden had a strict and organised routine that suited the band's writing style,

user: How did that effect him not being credited?

assistant: Dickinson wore a feathered mask during "Powerslave".

user: why did he do that?

assistant: Throughout the World Slavery Tour, as part of the new theatrical elements incorporated into the band's stage-show,
Título: Augusta Jane Evans
Seção: Early years
Background: Augusta Jane Evans, or Augusta Evans Wilson (May 8, 1835 - May 9, 1909), was an American author of Southern literature. She was the first woman to earn US$100,000 through her writing. Wilson was a native of Columbus, Georgia, and her first book, Inez, a Tale of the Alamo, was written when she was still young.

Conteúdo: She was born Augusta Jane Evans on May 8, 1835, in Columbus, Georgia, the eldest child of the family. The area of her birth was then known as Wynnton (now MidTown). Her mother was Sarah S. Howard and her father was Matthew R. Evans. She was a descendant on her mother's side from the Howards, one of the most cultured families of Georgia. As a young girl in 19th-century America, she received little in the way of a formal education. However, she became a voracious reader at an early age.  Her father suffered bankruptcy and lost the family's Sherwood Hall property in the 1840s. He moved his family of ten from Georgia for Alabama, and scarcely ten when they moved to San Antonio, Texas, in 1845. When the Mexican-American War had ended, and everything was in a disorganized condition, consequently there were no schools of any prominence. Had her mother not been cultivated and literary, Evans could never have obtained the education which fitted her for the work she later accomplished. During the Mexican war, San Antonio was the rendezvous for the United States troops sent to assist General Zachary Taylor, and the brilliant uniforms of the soldiery, the martial music, and the exciting events that accompany war, combined with the picturesque, enchanting scenery around San Antonio, furnished an excellent theme for Evans' first novel. In 1850, at the age of fifteen, she wrote Inez: A Tale of the Alamo, a sentimental, moralistic, anti-Catholic love story. It told the story of one orphan's 

user: Where was she born?

assistant: Columbus, Georgia,

user: When was she born?

assistant: May 8, 1835,

user: Who were her parents?

assistant: Her mother was Sarah S. Howard and her father was Matthew R. Evans.

user: Where did she go to school?

assistant: As a young girl in 19th-century America, she received little in the way of a formal education.

user: What did she do for work?

assistant: exciting events that accompany war, combined with the picturesque, enchanting scenery around San Antonio, furnished an excellent theme for Evans' first novel.

user: When was her first novel published?

assistant: 1855.

user: What was the title of the novel?

assistant: Inez: A Tale of the Alamo,

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Her father suffered bankruptcy and lost the family's Sherwood Hall property in the 1840s. He moved his family of ten from Georgia

user: What happened after he moved to georgia?

assistant: for Alabama, and scarcely ten when they moved to San Antonio, Texas, in 1845.
Título: Larry Holmes
Seção: IBF heavyweight champion
Background: Holmes was the fourth of twelve children born to John and Flossie Holmes. After the family moved to Easton in 1954, Holmes' father went to Connecticut. He worked as a gardener there until his death in 1970. He visited his family every three weeks. "

Conteúdo: Holmes signed to fight Gerrie Coetzee, the WBA Champion, on June 15, 1984 at Caesar's Palace. The fight was being promoted by JPD Inc., but it was canceled when Caesar's Palace said the promoters failed to meet the financial conditions of the contract. Holmes was promised $13 million and Coetzee was promised $8 million. Even after cutting the purses dramatically, they still couldn't come up with enough financial backing to stage the fight. Don King then planned to promote the fight, but Holmes lost a lawsuit filed by Virginia attorney Richard Hirschfeld, who said he had a contract with Holmes that gave him right of first refusal on a Holmes-Coetzee bout. Holmes then decided to move on and fight someone else.  On November 9, 1984, after a year out of the ring, Holmes made his first defense of the IBF title, stopping James "Bonecrusher" Smith on a cut in the twelfth round. In the first half of 1985, Holmes stopped David Bey in ten rounds for his 19th title defense. His next against Carl "The Truth" Williams was unexpectedly tough. The younger, quicker Williams was able to out-jab the aging champion, who was left with a badly swollen eye by the end of the bout. Holmes emerged with a close, and disputed, fifteen-round unanimous decision.  On September 21, 1985, Holmes stepped in the ring looking to equal Rocky Marciano's 49-0 career record and to make his twentieth successful title defense. His opponent was looking to make history as well. After winning the undisputed championshi

user: When did he become champion

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Tamar Braxton
Seção: 1977-99: Early life and career beginnings
Background: Tamar Estine Herbert (nee Braxton, born March 17, 1977), professionally known as Tamar Braxton, is an American singer, television personality and actress. Braxton had her first big break in music in 1990 as a founding member of the American R&B singing group The Braxtons, formed with her sisters. The Braxtons released their debut album, So Many Ways, as a trio in 1996.

Conteúdo: Tamar Estine Braxton was born in Severn, Maryland on March 17, 1977 to Michael and Evelyn Braxton. The youngest of the Braxtons' six children, Tamar started singing as a toddler. The Braxton children would eventually enter in their church choir, where their father Michael Braxton was a pastor. Sisters Toni, Traci, Towanda, Trina, and Tamar Braxton signed their first record deal with Arista Records in 1989. In 1990, they released their first single, "Good Life". "Good Life" was unsuccessful only peaking at No. 79 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart. At the time of the single's release, the members' age differences created a problem with marketing. Subsequently, The Braxtons were dropped from Arista Records.  In 1991, during a showcase with L.A. Reid and Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, who were in the process of forming LaFace Records, Toni Braxton, minus her four sisters, was chosen and signed as the label's first female solo artist. At the time, the remaining members were told that LaFace was not looking for another girl group since it had just signed TLC. After Toni's departure from the group, the remaining Braxtons members became backup singers for Toni's first tour, music videos, and promotional appearances. Traci, Towanda, Trina, and Tamar were featured in the music video for Toni Braxton's third single, "Seven Whole Days", from her self-titled debut album.  In 1993, LaFace Records A&R Vice President, Bryant Reid, signed The Braxtons to LaFace. However, the group n

user: What was Tamar Braxton doing in the late 70s?

assistant: Tamar Estine Braxton was born

user: Where was he born?

assistant: Severn, Maryland

user: Who were his parents?

assistant: Michael and Evelyn Braxton.
Título: Giannina Braschi
Seção: Pivotal works
Background: Giannina Braschi (born February 5, 1953) is a Puerto Rican writer. She is credited with writing the first Spanglish novel Yo-Yo Boing! (1998), the post-modern poetry trilogy Empire of Dreams (Yale, 1994) and the philosophical fiction United States of Banana (AmazonCrossing, 2011), which chronicles the Latin American immigrants' experiences in the United States. "

Conteúdo: In the 1980s, Giannina Braschi burst onto the downtown Nuyorican poetry scene with spoken word performances of rhythmic intensity, humorous gusto, and anti-imperialistic politics. Her prose poems were written, recited, and published entirely in Spanish during this period. Her first collection of Spanish prose poetry, Asalto al tiempo, debuted in Barcelona in 1980 and was followed by La Comedia profana in 1985 and El imperio de los suenos in 1988. New York is the site and subject of much of her work. In a climatic episode of "Pastoral or the Inquisition of Memories", shepherds invade 5th Avenue on the Puerto Rican Day Parade and take over the City of New York; the shepherds ring the bells of St. Patrick's Cathedral and seize the observation deck of the Empire State Building.  Poet and feminist scholar Alicia Ostriker has praised Braschi's Empire of Dreams, which features gender role-playing and transvestism, for having "sheer erotic energy that defies definition and dogma." "Those three award winning books were published together as the inaugural volume of the Yale Library of Literature in Translation." (Braschi 1998: Yo-Yo Boing!: 13)  In the 1990s, Giannina Braschi began writing dramatic dialogues in English, Spanish, and Spanglish. Her bilingual novel Yo-Yo Boing! (AmazonCrossing) is experimental in format and radical in its defiance of English-only laws, ethnic cleansing campaigns, and the corporate censorship.  In 2011, Giannina Braschi debuted "United States of Banana," 

user: What was a pivotal work for Giannina?

assistant: 2011, Giannina Braschi debuted "United States of Banana," her first work written entirely in English;

user: How well was this work received?

assistant: experimental in format and radical in its defiance of English-only laws, ethnic cleansing campaigns, and the corporate censorship.

user: Was she influenced by anyone for this work?

assistant: New York is the site and subject of much of her work.

user: Is there other interesting notes about this work?

assistant: Her first collection of Spanish prose poetry, Asalto al tiempo, debuted in Barcelona
Título: William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
Seção: Calculations on data rate
Background: William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin,  (26 June 1824 - 17 December 1907) was a Scots-Irish mathematical physicist and engineer who was born in Belfast in 1824. At the University of Glasgow he did important work in the mathematical analysis of electricity and formulation of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and did much to unify the emerging discipline of physics in its modern form. He worked closely with mathematics professor Hugh Blackburn in his work.

Conteúdo: Though now eminent in the academic field, Thomson was obscure to the general public. In September 1852, he married childhood sweetheart Margaret Crum, daughter of Walter Crum; but her health broke down on their honeymoon and, over the next seventeen years, Thomson was distracted by her suffering. On 16 October 1854, George Gabriel Stokes wrote to Thomson to try to re-interest him in work by asking his opinion on some experiments of Michael Faraday on the proposed transatlantic telegraph cable.  Faraday had demonstrated how the construction of a cable would limit the rate at which messages could be sent - in modern terms, the bandwidth. Thomson jumped at the problem and published his response that month. He expressed his results in terms of the data rate that could be achieved and the economic consequences in terms of the potential revenue of the transatlantic undertaking. In a further 1855 analysis, Thomson stressed the impact that the design of the cable would have on its profitability.  Thomson contended that the signalling speed through a given cable was inversely proportional to the square of the length of the cable. Thomson's results were disputed at a meeting of the British Association in 1856 by Wildman Whitehouse, the electrician of the Atlantic Telegraph Company. Whitehouse had possibly misinterpreted the results of his own experiments but was doubtless feeling financial pressure as plans for the cable were already well under way. He believed that Thomson's calculati

user: What were his calculations on data rate?

assistant: Thomson contended that the signalling speed through a given cable was inversely proportional to the square of the length of the cable.

user: Did he come up with this while at Cambridge?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where have his calculations been used?

assistant: Thomson's work had, however, caught the eye of the project's undertakers and in December 1856, he was elected to the board of directors of the Atlantic Telegraph Company.

user: Did his work catch anyone else's eye?

assistant: Thomson's results were disputed at a meeting of the British Association in 1856 by Wildman Whitehouse, the electrician of the Atlantic Telegraph Company.
Título: Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
Seção: Apartheid: 1963-1985
Background: Madikizela-Mandela's Xhosa name was Nomzamo ("She who tries"). She was born in the village of Mbongweni, Bizana, Pondoland, in what is now the Eastern Cape province. She was the fourth of eight children, seven sisters and a brother. Her parents, Columbus and Gertrude, who had a white father, and Xhosa mother, were both teachers.

Conteúdo: Due to her political activities, Winnie was regularly detained by the National Party government. She was tortured, subjected to house arrest, kept under surveillance, held in solitary confinement for over a year and even banished to a remote town. She emerged as a leading opponent of apartheid during the later years of her husband's imprisonment (August 1963 - February 1990). For many of those years, she was banished to the town of Brandfort in the Orange Free State and confined to the area, except for when she was allowed to visit her husband at Robben Island. Beginning in 1969, she spent eighteen months in solitary confinement at Pretoria Central Prison. It was at this time that Winnie Mandela became well known in the Western world. She organised local clinics, campaigned actively for equal rights and was promoted by the ANC as a symbol of their struggle against apartheid.  In a leaked letter to Jacob Zuma in October 2008, outgoing President of South Africa Thabo Mbeki alluded to the role the ANC had created for her in their anti-apartheid activism:  In the context of the global struggle for the release of political prisoners in our country, our movement took a deliberate decision to profile Nelson Mandela as the representative personality of these prisoners, and therefore to use his personal political biography, including the persecution of his then wife, Winnie Mandela, dramatically to present to the world and the South African community the brutality of the apartheid sys

user: What happened during Apartheid?

assistant: Winnie was regularly detained by the National Party government. She was tortured, subjected to house arrest, kept under surveillance, held in solitary confinement for over a year and
Título: George Brett
Seção: Post-baseball activities
Background: Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, Brett was the youngest of four sons of a sports-minded family which included Ken, the second oldest, a major league pitcher who pitched in the 1967 World Series at age 19. Brothers John (eldest) and Bobby had brief careers in the minor leagues. Although his three older brothers were born in Brooklyn, George was born in the northern panhandle of West Virginia. Jack and Ethel Brett then moved the family to the Midwest and three years later to El Segundo, California, a suburb of Los Angeles, just south of Los Angeles International Airport.

Conteúdo: Following his playing career, Brett became a vice president of the Royals and has worked as a part-time coach, as a special instructor in spring training, as an interim batting coach, and as a minor league instructor dispatched to help prospects develop. He also runs a baseball equipment and foam-hand company, Brett Bros., with Bobby and, until his death, Ken Brett. He has also lent his name to a restaurant that failed on the Country Club Plaza.  In 1992, Brett married the former Leslie Davenport, and they reside in the Kansas City suburb of Mission Hills, Kansas. The couple has three children: Jackson (named after George's father), Dylan (named after Bob Dylan), and Robin (named after fellow Hall of Famer Robin Yount of the Milwaukee Brewers).  Brett has continued to raise money for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease. Brett started to raise money for the Keith Worthington Chapter during his playing career in the mid-1980s.  He and his dog Charlie appeared in a PETA ad campaign, encouraging people not to leave their canine companions in the car during hot weather. He also threw out the ceremonial first pitch to Mike Napoli at the 2012 Major League Baseball All-Star Game.  On May 30, 2013, the Royals announced that Brett and Pedro Grifol would serve as batting coaches for the organization. On July 25, 2013 (the day following the 30th anniversary of the "pine tar incident"), the Royals announced that Brett would serve as Vice President, 

user: What was one post-baseball activity?

assistant: Brett became a vice president of the Royals

user: In what year did he become vice president?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was he successful in this position?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Were there other activities?

assistant: worked as a part-time coach, as a special instructor in spring training, as an interim batting coach, and as a minor league instructor

user: Is there anything else interesting?

assistant: He and his dog Charlie appeared in a PETA ad campaign,
Retirement Estimator 


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You can use the Retirement Estimator if : You have enough Social Security credits at this time to qualify for benefits and You are not : Currently receiving benefits on your own Social Security record ; Waiting for a decision about your application for benefits or Medicare ; Age 62 or older and receiving benefits on another Social Security record ; or Eligible for a Pension Based on Work Not Covered By Social Security. If you are currently receiving only Medicare benefits , you can still get an estimate. For more information go to this link for our publication Retirement Information For Medicare Beneficiaries. If you cannot use the Retirement Estimator or you want a survivors or disability benefit estimate , please use one of our other benefit Calculators. 

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user: I just need a little help with the retirement estimator

assistant: Do you want to know how it works?

user: no, I need help with something else

assistant: Are you trying to find out if you qualify to use the Retirement Estimator?

user: No, not that either

assistant: Are you having trouble with the time limits for viewing pages?
Título: Shelton Benjamin
Seção: Independent circuit (2010-2017)
Background: Shelton James Benjamin (born July 9, 1975) is an American professional wrestler currently signed to WWE on the SmackDown brand. He is known for his work in New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah through their working relationship under the ring name Shelton X Benjamin and for American promotion Ring of Honor (ROH) under his real name. Prior to becoming a professional wrestler, he was a two-sport athlete in college. Benjamin won an NJCAA championship in both track and field and collegiate wrestling.

Conteúdo: Benjamin made his independent circuit return on July 24, 2010, in San Diego, California against Scorpio Sky. On July 31, 2010, during the World Wrestling Council's "La Revolucion" show in Puerto Rico, Benjamin defeated Ray Gonzalez to win the WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship. At Crossfire on November 27, Benjamin lost the Universal Heavyweight Championship to Carlito.  In November 2010, Benjamin competed for American Wrestling Rampage. He made his debut on November 10 with Haas facing La Resistance. During his tour with AWR he defeated Shawn Daivari in a steel cage match. He also had tag team matches with Haas taking on Booker T and Scott Steiner. On March 8, 2011, Benjamin wrestled in a dark match prior to the SmackDown tapings in Houston, Texas, defeating Curt Hawkins. On March 9, 2011, Benjamin won the MWF Heavyweight Championship and lost it on June 4.  At JAPW 18th Anniversary Show, Haas, Benjamin and Angle reunited for the first time in 11 years. In the main event, Benjamin and Haas defeated Chris Sabin and Teddy Hart.  On May 15, 2015, Global Force Wrestling (GFW) announced Benjamin as part of their roster. He made his debut for the promotion on June 20, defeating Chris Mordetzky in a main event singles match. Benjamin participated in Global Force Wrestling's inaugural tournament to crown their very first GFW Global Champion, which served as the company's world heavyweight championship. After gaining a victory in the quarter-finals, he forfeited his next match-up

user: When did Shelton Benjamin join the Independent circuit?

assistant: Benjamin made his independent circuit return on July 24, 2010,

user: Why did Benjamin go to the independent circuit?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
Seção: Cambridge
Background: William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin,  (26 June 1824 - 17 December 1907) was a Scots-Irish mathematical physicist and engineer who was born in Belfast in 1824. At the University of Glasgow he did important work in the mathematical analysis of electricity and formulation of the first and second laws of thermodynamics, and did much to unify the emerging discipline of physics in its modern form. He worked closely with mathematics professor Hugh Blackburn in his work.

Conteúdo: William's father was able to make a generous provision for his favourite son's education and, in 1841, installed him, with extensive letters of introduction and ample accommodation, at Peterhouse, Cambridge. In 1845 Thomson graduated as Second Wrangler. He also won the First Smith's Prize, which, unlike the tripos, is a test of original research. Robert Leslie Ellis, one of the examiners, is said to have declared to another examiner "You and I are just about fit to mend his pens."  While at Cambridge, Thomson was active in sports, athletics and sculling, winning the Colquhoun Sculls in 1843. He also took a lively interest in the classics, music, and literature; but the real love of his intellectual life was the pursuit of science. The study of mathematics, physics, and in particular, of electricity, had captivated his imagination.  In 1845, he gave the first mathematical development of Faraday's idea that electric induction takes place through an intervening medium, or "dielectric", and not by some incomprehensible "action at a distance". He also devised the mathematical technique of electrical images, which became a powerful agent in solving problems of electrostatics, the science which deals with the forces between electrically charged bodies at rest. It was partly in response to his encouragement that Faraday undertook the research in September 1845 that led to the discovery of the Faraday effect, which established that light and magnetic (and thus electric) phenomena were

user: What was relevant during this time period?

assistant: While at Cambridge, Thomson was active in sports,

user: What studies did he pursue?

assistant: He also took a lively interest in the classics, music, and literature; but the real love of his intellectual life was the pursuit of science.

user: Did he win any awards or have outstanding achievements?

assistant: He was elected a fellow of St. Peter's

user: Did he graduate from Cambridge with a degree in what field?

assistant: At twenty-two he found himself wearing the gown of a learned professor in one of the oldest Universities in the country,
To drive taxis and other livery vehicles in New York State , you must be 18 years of age or older and you must have a driver license that is one of these classes Class A commercial driver license CDL Class B CDL Class C CDL Class E driver license 

If you plan on traveling 
We recommend you come to the DMV now to get an Enhanced or REAL ID, and avoid a second office visit later. 1 Learn about Enhanced, REAL ID and Standard documents [1]. 

Change from a Class D to a Class E license 


Step 1: Complete the 
Application for Standard Permit, Driver License for Non - Driver ID Card PDF [2] MV-44 

Step 2: Determine what identification you need to bring to the DMV 
if you want a REAL ID or Enhanced, complete this document guide to know what proofs of identity to bring to an office Find your proofs [3 ] On the first page , select : Change my existing NY State license / ID to a REAL ID or Enhanced if you want a Standard that will display " NOT FOR FEDERAL PURPOSES " , bring your current NY State license as proof of identity 

Step 3: Go to the DMV 
surrender your Class D license. apply and pay for your Class E license the fee depends on the expiration date of your current driver license - we cannot calculate your fee until you apply take the vision test or prove that you meet our vision requirements [4 ] 

Step 4: Get your Class E license in the mail 
Allow 2 weeks for your new license to arrive. 

If you do not have New York State driver license 
If you do not have a driver license , learn how to apply for your first driver license [5]. Apply for a Class E driver license instead of a Class D driver license. The Class D license and the Class E license both require the same vision, written and road tests. The New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission T&LC regulates taxi drivers and livery drivers in New York City. If you plan to drive a taxi or livery vehicle in New York City , contact the Taxi and Limousine Commission [6]. Starting in October 2020 , you will need an Enha

user: Hello, i'm interested in changing my license from Class D to Class E, please.

assistant: Have you completed any procedures or applications yet?

user: No, i haven't.

assistant: Ok, have you at least verified what kind of identification you need to bring to the DMV?

user: Do i need to verify that before hand?

assistant: Yeah, that's the correct thing to do. Besides, you need to find your proofs also.

assistant: Would you want a printing in your license of "Not for Federal Purposes"?

user: No, don't think i will need that.

user: How do i know if my license is Enhanced or not? All i know it was issued in February 2017, can you clarify this to me, please?

assistant: Don't worry, sure i  can do that. Seeing that date, i have to inform you that license is just a standard one.
Título: Winger (band)
Seção: Reunions (2001-present)
Background: Winger is an American rock band that has combined elements of glam metal and progressive metal. Formed in New York City, Winger gained popularity during the late 1980s and early 1990s. The band's two platinum albums, Winger and In the Heart of the Young, along with charting singles "Seventeen", "Headed for a Heartbreak" and "Miles Away", put the band on the top of the charts by the early 1990s. In 1990, the band was nominated for an American Music Award for "Best New Heavy Metal Band".

Conteúdo: In 2001, it was announced that all original members of the band would return to the studio to record the song "On the Inside" for The Very Best of Winger. In 2002, all five members embarked on a reunion tour of the U.S. and Canada on a bill with Poison. According to Kip Winger, in a 2008 interview with rock and roll comic C.C. Banana, it was important to include all five members because "it was the big, long-awaited reunion so I wanted to include everybody who had ever been in the band." In 2003, it was confirmed that activity had been halted due to Reb Beach's touring commitment with Whitesnake as well as his solo album "Masquerade" and involvement with "supergroup" project The Mob with King's X frontman Doug Pinnick and Night Ranger drummer Kelly Keagy.  On July 16, 2005, it was announced that Kip Winger would perform as the lead singer for the Alan Parsons Live Project at the Common Ground Music Festival in Lansing, Michigan. In May 2006, it was confirmed that Winger had reformed without one of its original members Paul Taylor, to record another album and tour Europe. The album, IV, was released in Europe in October and the nine-country "Winger IV Tour" ran in the last two weeks of the same month.  On February 25, 2008, the band performed in Providence, Rhode Island, as part of a benefit for survivors of the Station nightclub fire. The concert, along with other artists was debuted on VH1 Classic on March 23, 2008. In late 2009, it was confirmed that Winger would record a f

user: When did Winger reunite?

assistant: In 2001, it was announced that all original members of the band would return to the studio to record the song

user: What song did they record?

assistant: "On the Inside"

user: Did they tour after 2001?

assistant: In 2002, all five members embarked on a reunion tour of the U.S. and Canada on a bill with Poison.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: On July 16, 2005, it was announced that Kip Winger would perform as the lead singer for the Alan Parsons Live Project

user: Did they perform with any other groups?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Aimee Semple McPherson
Seção: Media relations
Background: Aimee Semple McPherson (Aimee, in the original French; October 9, 1890 - September 27, 1944), also known as Sister Aimee or simply Sister, was a Canadian-American Pentecostal evangelist and media celebrity in the 1920s and 1930s, famous for founding the Foursquare Church. McPherson has been noted as a pioneer in the use of modern media, because she used radio to draw on the growing appeal of popular entertainment in North America and incorporated other forms into her weekly sermons at Angelus Temple, one of the first megachurches. In her time she was the most publicized Christian evangelist, surpassing Billy Sunday and her other predecessors. She conducted public faith healing demonstrations before large crowds; testimonies conveyed tens of thousands of people healed.

Conteúdo: By early 1926, McPherson had become one of the most charismatic and influential women and ministers of her time. Her fame equaled, to name a few, Charles Lindbergh, Johnny Weissmuller, Jack Dempsey, Babe Ruth, Ty Cobb, Knute Rockne, Bobby Jones, Louise Brooks, and Rudolph Valentino. She was a major American phenomenon, who along with some other high-profile preachers of the time, unlike Hollywood celebrities, could be admired by their adoring public, "without apparently compromising their souls."  According to Carey McWilliams, she had become "more than just a household word: she was a folk hero and a civic institution; an honorary member of the fire and police departments; a patron saint of the service clubs; an official spokesman for the community on problems grave and frivolous." She was influential in many social, educational and political areas. McPherson made personal crusades against anything that she felt threatened her Christian ideals, including the drinking of alcohol and teaching evolution in schools.  McPherson became a strong supporter of William Jennings Bryan during the 1925 Scopes trial, in which John Scopes was tried for illegally teaching evolution at a Dayton, Tennessee, school. Bryan and McPherson had worked together in the Angelus Temple and they believed Darwinism had undermined students' morality. According to The New Yorker, McPherson said, evolution "is the greatest triumph of Satanic intelligence in 5,931 years of devilish warfare, against the Hosts

user: What influenced Mcphersons career?

assistant: McPherson became a strong supporter of William Jennings Bryan during the 1925 Scopes trial,
Título: Black Flag (band)
Seção: Later period and break up (1985-86)
Background: Black Flag was an American punk rock band formed in 1976 in Hermosa Beach, California. Initially called Panic, the band was established by Greg Ginn, the guitarist, primary songwriter, and sole continuous member through multiple personnel changes in the band. They are widely considered to be one of the first hardcore punk bands as well as one of the pioneers of post-hardcore. After breaking up in 1986, Black Flag reunited in 2003 and again in 2013.

Conteúdo: Despite 1984-85 being the most fruitful period for the band and their record label, Ginn and Rollins would ultimately decide to eject Roessler from Black Flag, citing erratic behavior. It has also been suggested that Ginn's accommodating Roessler's college schedule created tension in the band. Her absence, and the lack of a steady drummer (Stevenson quit and was replaced by Anthony Martinez), contributed to the comparatively weak reputation of the last few Black Flag tours. However, the live album Who's Got the 10 1/2 ? shows the evolving line-up, with Kira and drummer Martinez, to be a powerful and entertaining unit. Furthermore, various bootlegs of shows circulating from the 1986 tour, as well as the Dave Markey documentary Reality 86'd, show the Ginn/Rollins/Revuelta/Martinez lineup to be a ferocious and cohesive group.  By 1986, Black Flag's members had grown tired of the tensions of their relentless touring schedule, infighting, and of living in near-poverty. The band had been together almost a decade, and true commercial success and stability had eluded them. The band's erratic artistic changes were a barrier to their retaining an audience - Ginn was so creatively restless that Black Flag's albums were often very dissimilar. At one point, Rollins apparently said, "Why don't we make a record that was like the last one so people won't always be trying to catch up with what we're doing?" The next album, In My Head, with its powerful bluesy proto-grunge-metal, did seem to f

user: When did the band break up?

assistant: Black Flag played its final show on June 27, 1986,

user: What were the top recordings during this time?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What were they doing in 1986?

assistant: By 1986, Black Flag's members had grown tired of the tensions of their relentless touring schedule, infighting, and of living in near-poverty.
Título: Richard Glücks
Seção: Concentration Camps Inspector
Background: Glucks was born 1889 in Odenkirchen (now part of Monchengladbach) in the Rhineland. Having completed gymnasium in Dusseldorf, he worked in his father's business, a fire insurance agency. In 1909, Glucks joined the army for one year as a volunteer, serving in the artillery. In 1913, he was in England, and later moved to Argentina as a trader.

Conteúdo: When Eicke became field commander of the SS Division Totenkopf during the summer of 1939, Glucks was promoted by Himmler on 15 November 1939 as Eicke's successor to the post of Concentration Camps Inspector. As the Concentration Camps Inspector, Glucks was directly subordinate to Himmler--as Eicke had been--but, in contrast with the warm relation between Himmler and the older Eicke, Glucks only rarely met with Himmler, who promoted him not for his leadership competencies but for his ability to "provide the administrative continuity" with Eicke's policies. Glucks made few changes, leaving the organizational structure intact as Eicke had set it up. Because Glucks never served inside a concentration camp, some senior camp members were suspicious and considered him nothing more than a desk-side bureaucrat. In terms of his leadership style, he preferred men of action and allowed them some autonomy in operating their respective camps.  Glucks's responsibilities at first mainly covered the use of concentration camp inmates for forced labour. In this phase, he urged camp commandants to lower the death rate in the camps, as it went counter to the economic objectives his department was to fulfill. Other orders of his were to ask for the inmates to be made to work continuously. At the same time, it was Glucks who recommended on 21 February 1940, Auschwitz, a former Austrian cavalry barracks, as a suitable site for a new concentration camp to Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich. Glucks accompa

user: Which concentration camps did he inspect

assistant: it was Glucks who recommended on 21 February 1940, Auschwitz,

user: What did he do in Auschwitz

assistant: where it was decided that the camp would be expanded to accommodate up to 30,000 prisoners,

user: Did he run any other camps

assistant: an additional camp would be established at nearby Birkenau capable of housing 100,000 POWs,

user: Were people murdered there

assistant: Glucks was increasingly involved in the implementation of the "Final Solution",

user: Did other people know what he was doing

assistant: along with Oswald Pohl.

user: was the plane to murder all the jews

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: how many camps were there

assistant: and that a factory would be constructed in proximity with the camp prisoners placed at I.G. Farben's disposal.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Glucks's responsibilities at first mainly covered the use of concentration camp inmates for forced labour.

user: Were there russian prisoners in these camps

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
VA home loan programs for surviving spouses 
To get a VA - backed home loan as the surviving spouse of a Veteran , you ll need a Certificate of Eligibility COE to show your lender that you qualify for this benefit. Find out if you can get a COE. Keep in mind that you ll also need to meet your lender s credit and income requirements to get a loan. 

Can I get a COE? 
You may be able to get a COE if you re the spouse of a Veteran , and at least one of the descriptions below is true for them. At least one of these must be true. The Veteran : Is missing in action , or Is a Prisoner of War POW , or Died while in service or from a service - connected disability and you didn t remarry, or Died while in service or from a service - connected disability and you didn t remarry before you were 57 years old or before December 16 , 2003, or Had been totally disabled and then died , but their disability may not have been the cause of death in certain situations Note: A surviving spouse who remarried before December 16 , 2003, and on or after their 57th birthday, must have applied no later than December 15 , 2004, to establish home loan eligibility. We ll have to deny applications we received after December 15 , 2004, from surviving spouses who remarried before December 16 , 2003. 

How do I apply for a COE? 
This depends on whether or not you re receiving Dependency & Indemnity Compensation DIC. 

If you re receiving DIC benefits 
You ll need to fill out a Request for Determination of Loan Guaranty Eligibility Unmarried Surviving Spouses VA Form 26 - 1817. Download VA Form 26 - 1817 You ll also need the Veteran s DD214 or other separation papers if available. Get military service records online Submit the form and discharge or separation papers to : Your lender for processing online , or that serves your stateFind a VA regional loan center The VA regional loan center 

If you re not receiving DIC benefits 
You ll first need to fill out an Application for DIC, Survivors Pension a

user: How is the VA Mortgage Loan Programs for surviving spouses

assistant: To obtain a VA-backed mortgage loan as a surviving spouse of a Veteran

user: if it is about a surviving spouse of a Veteran

assistant: You will need a COE Eligibility Certificate to demonstrate to your lender that you qualify for this benefit.
Find out if you can get a COE.
  Please note that you will also need to meet the credit and income requirements of your lender to obtain a loan.