dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Girls' Generation
Seção: 2000-08: Formation and debut
Background: Girls' Generation (Hangul: sonyeosidae; RR: Sonyeo Sidae), also known as SNSD, is a South Korean girl group formed by S.M. Entertainment. The group is composed of eight members: Taeyeon, Sunny, Tiffany, Hyoyeon, Yuri, Sooyoung, Yoona and Seohyun. Originally a nine-piece group, Jessica later departed from the group in September 2014. Girls' Generation debuted in 2007 with their Korean eponymous debut album.

Conteúdo: Prior to the group's debut, some of the members were already involved in the entertainment industry. Yoona had gone through about 200 auditions for music videos, dramas, and movies before becoming a singer for Girls' Generation. Sooyoung was exposed to the Japanese music scene as a member of a pop duo named Route th, which disbanded one year after its debut in 2002.  The first member of the group to join S.M. Entertainment's training system was Jessica in 2000, after she and her sister, Krystal Jung, were scouted in a mall in South Korea during a family vacation. That same year, members Sooyoung and Hyoyeon were cast into S.M.'s training system through the 2000 S.M. Open Audition, in which Hyoyeon danced for her audition. Yuri was the next Girls' Generation member to become an S.M. trainee after coming second in the 2001 S.M. Youth Best Dancer competition. Yoona was cast the following year through the 2002 S.M. Saturday Open Casting Audition, where she sang and danced to her favorite singers, BoA and Britney Spears. Seohyun, the group's youngest member, was scouted in the subway by an S.M. scout; she then auditioned in 2003, singing children's songs.  The group's leader, Taeyeon, was cast in 2004 after winning first place in the S.M. Youth Singing Competition. That same year, member Tiffany auditioned at S.M.'s Starlight Casting System in Los Angeles, and joined the company in October 2004. The final member of the group to be added was Sunny, who had become an S.M. trainee in

user: How did the group form?

assistant: Yoona had gone through about 200 auditions for music videos, dramas, and movies before becoming a singer for Girls' Generation.

user: How many singers were there?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What was their first project after formation?

assistant: July 2007, Girls' Generation had their first stage performance on Mnet's School of Rock,

user: How did the performance go?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was that their debut?

assistant: On August 5, 2007, the group officially made their debut on SBS's Inkigayo, where they performed the same song.

user: What else happened after the debut?

assistant: Girls' Generation subsequently released their self-titled debut studio album in November 2007,

user: Did they sell many?

assistant: The album has sold over 120,000 copies in the country as of 2009.

user: What were they doing in 2008?

assistant: The album was preceded by a single with the same name, which was released on digital music sites on March 17, 2008.
Título: Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
Seção: Early life: 1830-1852
Background: Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury,  (3 February 1830 - 22 August 1903), styled Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and Viscount Cranborne from June 1865 until April 1868, was a British statesman of the Conservative Party, serving as Prime Minister three times for a total of over thirteen years. He was the last Prime Minister to head his full administration from the House of Lords. Lord Robert Cecil was first elected to the House of Commons in 1854 and served as Secretary of State for India in Lord Derby's Conservative government from 1866 until his resignation in 1867 over its introduction of Benjamin Disraeli's Reform Bill that extended the suffrage to working-class men. In 1868 upon the death of his father, Cecil was elevated to the House of Lords.

Conteúdo: Lord Robert Cecil was born at Hatfield House, the second son of James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury and Frances Mary Gascoyne. He was a patrilineal descendant of Lord Burghley and the 1st Earl of Salisbury, chief ministers of Elizabeth I. The family owned vast rural estates in Hertfordshire and Dorset. This wealth increased sharply in 1821, when he married the rich heiress of a merchant prince who had bought up large estates in Essex and Lancashire.  Robert had a miserable childhood, with few friends; he filled his time with reading. He was bullied unmercifully at the schools he attended. In 1840, he went to Eton College, where he did well in French, German, Classics, and Theology; however, he left in 1845 because of intense bullying. The unhappy schooling shaped his pessimistic outlook on life and his negative views on democracy. He decided that most people were cowardly and cruel, and that the mob would run roughshod over sensitive individuals.  In December 1847 he went to Christ Church, Oxford, where he received an honorary fourth class in mathematics conferred by nobleman's privilege due to ill health. Whilst at Oxford he found the Oxford movement or "Tractarianism" to be an intoxicating force; he had an intense religious experience that shaped his life.  In April 1850 he joined Lincoln's Inn but subsequently did not enjoy law. His doctor advised him to travel for his health, and so in July 1851 to May 1853 Cecil travelled through Cape Colony, Australia, inclu

user: What happened in 1830?

assistant: Lord Robert Cecil was born at Hatfield House, the second son of James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury and Frances Mary Gascoyne.

user: Where did he attend school?

assistant: He was bullied unmercifully at the schools he attended. In 1840, he went to Eton College, where he did well in French, German, Classics, and Theology;

user: Why was he bullied?

assistant: he left in 1845 because of intense bullying. The unhappy schooling shaped his pessimistic outlook on life and his negative views on democracy.

user: What did he do after college?

assistant: In December 1847 he went to Christ Church, Oxford, where he received an honorary fourth class in mathematics conferred by nobleman's privilege due to ill health.
Original Card for a Noncitizen Child 
In general , only noncitizens who have permission to work from the Department of Homeland Security DHS can apply for a Social Security number. If your child does not have permission to work but needs a Social Security number for other purposes , see " If your child does not have permission to work " for further information. Important You must present original documents or copies certified by the agency that issued them. We cannot accept photocopies or notarized copies. All documents must be current not expired. We cannot accept a receipt showing you applied for the document. Adoption In some cases , we can assign your adopted child a number before the adoption is complete , but you may want to wait. Then , you can apply for the number using your child's new name. If you want to claim your child for tax purposes while the adoption is still pending , contact the Internal Revenue Service for Form W-7A, Application for Taxpayer Identification Number for Pending U.S. Adoptions. For more information, see Social Security Numbers For Children (Publication No. 05-10023). 

What original documents do I need? 
Immigration Status To prove your child's U.S. immigration status , you must show us your child's current U.S. immigration document, such as : I-551 Lawful Permanent Resident Card, Machine Readable Immigrant Visa ; I-766 Employment Authorization Document, EAD, work permit ; or I-94 Arrival / Departure Record or admission stamp in the unexpired foreign passport. If your child is an F-1 or M-1 student , we must see your child's I-20 Certificate of Eligibility for Nonimmigrant Student Status. If your child is a J-1 or J-2 exchange visitor , you must see your child's DS-2019 Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor Status. Work Eligibility In general , only noncitizens who have permission to work from DHS can apply for a Social Security number. For most foreign workers , we only need to see an I-94 Arrival / Departure Record or a

user: I need to get a card for my son who is not currently a citizen.

assistant: Currently, only noncitizens who have permission to work by the DHS can apply for a card.
Print out your VA Welcome Kit 
Whether you re just getting out of the service or you ve been a civilian for years now , the VA Welcome Kit can help guide you to the benefits and services you ve earned. Based on where you are in life , your VA benefits and services can support you in different ways. Keep your welcome kit handy so you can turn to it throughout your life like when it s time to go to school, get a job, buy a house, get health care, retire, or make plans for your care as you age. 

Download your VA Welcome Kit 
Feel free to share this guide with friends or family members who need help with their benefits too. You can print out copies for yourself and others : Your VA Welcome Kit in black and white PDF Your VA Welcome Kit in color PDF 

Download our guides to VA benefits and services 


For Veterans 
Apply for VA health care PDF Get started with mental health services PDF Apply for a disability rating PDF Apply for education benefits PDF 

For family members 
Get started with caregiver benefits PDF Apply for survivor benefits PDF 

Explore VA.gov to learn about your benefits 
DisabilityFile a claim for disability compensation for conditions related to your military service, and manage your benefits over time. Health careApply for VA health care , find out how to access services, and manage your health and benefits online. Education and trainingApply for and manage your GI Bill and other education benefits to help pay for college and training programs. Housing assistanceFind out if you're eligible for VA home loan programs to help you buy, build, repair, or keep a home. If you have a service - connected disability , see if you qualify for a housing grant to help you live more independently. Careers and employmentApply for vocational rehabilitation services , get support for your Veteran - owned small business , and access other career resources. Life insuranceExplore VA life insurance options for Veterans, service members, and families. Manage your polic

user: hi i need help about welcome kit VA

assistant: Whether you're just leaving service or you've been a civilian for years, the VA Welcome Kit can help guide you to the benefits and services you've earned. Depending on where you are in life

user: and if I am a caregiver, is there any benefit?

assistant: For Family Members Start with PDF Caregiver Benefits Apply for PDF Survivor Benefits

user: and how can the VA welcome kit help me?

assistant: The VA Welcome Kit can help guide you to the benefits and services you have earned.

user: How can I download your VA benefits and services guides?

assistant: are you a veteran?

user: Yes

assistant: Sure, Apply for VA Health Care PDF Start Mental Health Services PDF Request a Disability Rating PDF Apply for Education Benefits PDF
VR&E Independent Living track 
If your service - connected disability limits your ability to perform activities of daily living like bathing, dressing, accessing the community, and interacting with others and you can t return to work right away , you may qualify for independent living services through the Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment VR&E Independent Living track. You may also receive these services as you work to find a job if that s a goal you and your Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor VRC have created. In both cases , your VRC can help you restore your daily - living activities. Find out if you may be eligible for services to help you live as independently as possible. 

Can I get independent living services through VR&E? 
You may be eligible for independent living services if you re a service member or Veteran with a service - connected disability who is eligible for VR&E benefits, and you meet all of the requirements listed below. All of these must be true : You have a serious employment handicap SEH , and Your disabilities prevent you from looking for or returning to work , and You re in need of services to live as independently as possible Please note: Having an employment handicap means your service - connected disability limits your ability to prepare for, obtain, and maintain suitable employment a job that doesn t make your disability worse, is stable, and matches your abilities, aptitudes, and interests. 

What kind of benefits can I get? 
Depending on your needs , services may include : to identify your needs and goals Evaluation and counseling Home consultations with specialists Referral to support resources Guidance to help you understand if you re eligible for our adaptive - housing programs. These programs can help you make changes to your home like widening doorways or adding ramps so you can live more independently. Learn more about adaptive housing grants These services generally last up to 24 months. In some cases , you may be abl

user: VR&E Independent Living track

assistant: If your service - connected disability limits your ability to perform activities of daily living like bathing , dressing , accessing the community , and interacting with others and you can t return to work right away

user: yes, this is my case


assistant: you may qualify for independent living services through the Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment VR&E Independent Living track .

user: Can I get independent living services through VR&E?

assistant: You have a serious employment handicap SEH
Replacement Card for a U.S. Born Adult 
You can replace your Social Security card for free if it is lost or stolen. However , you may not need to get a replacement card. Knowing your Social Security number is what is important. You are limited to three replacement cards in a year and 10 during your lifetime. Legal name changes and other exceptions do not count toward these limits. For example , changes in immigration status that require card updates may not count toward these limits. Also , you may not be affected by these limits if you can prove you need the card to prevent a significant hardship. Important You must present original documents or copies certified by the agency that issued them. We cannot accept photocopies or notarized copies. All documents must be current not expired. We cannot accept a receipt showing you applied for the document. You may be able to request your replacement Social Security card online. Our online service is a fast and secure way to get a replacement. If you are age 18 or older with a U.S. mailing address and have amySocial Securityaccount , you can apply for a replacement card online. For more information about creating my Social Security account and getting a replacement card online , visit our Social Security Number and Card website. 

What original documents do I need? 
Citizenship If you have not already established your U.S. citizenship with us , we need to see proof of U.S. citizenship. We can accept only certain documents as proof of U.S. citizenship. These include a U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport. Identity We can accept only certain documents as proof of identity. An acceptable document must be current not expired and show your name, identifying information date of birth or age and preferably a recent photograph. For example , as proof of identity Social Security must see your : U.S. driver's license ; State - issued non - driver identification card ; or U.S. passport. If you do not have one of these specific do

user: I need a replacement Social Security Card and want to know what I need to bring with me?

assistant: You might not need to get a replacement card as long as you know your Social Security number, but if you absolutely need a replacement then you can replace your Social Security card for free if it is lost or stolen .

assistant: You can also request your replacement Social Security card online . If you are age 18 or older with a U.S. mailing address and have a my Social Security account ,you can apply for a replacement card online .  Will you be getting your replacement card online?

user: Yes, it will be easier for me

assistant: Okay, it's easy to apply for a replacement card online. For more information about creating my Social Security account and getting a replacement card online ,visit our Social Security Number and Card website .

user: What documents will I have to have at hand?

assistant:  If you have not already established your U.S. citizenship with us , we need to see proof of U.S. citizenship. We can accept only certain documents as proof of U.S. citizenship. These include a U.S. birth certificate or U.S. passport .
Título: Javier Saviola
Seção: Benfica
Background: Javier Pedro Saviola Fernandez (Spanish pronunciation: [xa'bjer 'pedro sa'bjola fer'nandes]; born 11 December 1981) is a retired Argentine professional footballer who played as a forward. Known for his speed, dribbling and ability to score from almost any attacking position on the field, he represented both Barcelona and Real Madrid and was named as the youngest player on Pele's FIFA 100 list of the 125 greatest living footballers in 2004. Due to his ancestry he also holds Spanish nationality since 2004, and he amassed La Liga totals of 196 games and 70 goals over the course of eight seasons; he started and finished his career at River Plate. An Argentine international for seven years, Saviola represented his country at the 2006 World Cup and the 2004 Copa America, where his team reached the final.

Conteúdo: On 26 June 2009, S.L. Benfica and Real Madrid agreed on a EUR5 million deal that would see Saviola play in Portugal for the next three years, with an option for one more; a EUR30 million clause was added. He scored his first goal for the club on a penalty in a friendly match against FC Sion and, on 16 July, netted twice to send his team into the Guadiana Trophy finals.  On 22 October 2009, Saviola scored two goals for Benfica, guiding them to a 5-0 victory over Everton for the UEFA Europa League (he would also score in the club's 2-0 win in Liverpool in the second match), adding another brace four days later in a 6-1 routing of C.D. Nacional for the Primeira Liga.  On 6 December 2009, Saviola scored through a chip shot against Academica de Coimbra in a 4-0 home win. On 20 December he netted the game's only goal as Benfica defeated rivals FC Porto at home; during the victorious campaign, he formed a deadly offensive partnership with Paraguayan Oscar Cardozo, with the pair combining for more than 50 goals overall.  On 3 January 2010, after receiving the Portuguese Liga Player of the Month award, Saviola scored another winning goal against Nacional, again being the game's only scorer in an away defeat of Rio Ave FC, netting in the 46th minute. He netted his 19th goal overall in a 3-1 home triumph against F.C. Pacos de Ferreira on 7 March, and Benfica were eventually crowned league champions after a five-year wait. CANNOTANSWER

user: what is the benfica?

assistant: On 22 October 2009, Saviola scored two goals for Benfica, guiding them to a 5-0 victory over Everton for the UEFA Europa League

user: Did they win any other games?

assistant: On 6 December 2009, Saviola scored through a chip shot against Academica de Coimbra in a 4-0 home win.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: S.L. Benfica and Real Madrid agreed on a EUR5 million deal that would see Saviola play in Portugal for the next three years, with an option for one more;
Título: Mike Piazza
Seção: Childhood
Background: Michael Joseph Piazza (; born September 4, 1968) is an American former professional baseball catcher who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), from 1992 to 2007. He played most notably for the New York Mets and Los Angeles Dodgers, while also having brief stints with the Florida Marlins, San Diego Padres, and Oakland Athletics. A 12-time All-Star and 10-time Silver Slugger Award winner at catcher, Piazza produced strong offensive numbers at his position; in his career, he recorded 427 home runs--a record 396 of which were hit as catcher--along with a .308 batting average and 1,335 runs batted in (RBIs). Piazza was drafted by the Dodgers in the 1988 MLB draft as a favor from Tommy Lasorda to Piazza's father.

Conteúdo: Piazza was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania, grew up in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, and attended Phoenixville Area High School. He is of Italian and Jewish (Slovak) ancestry, and is the second-oldest son of Vince and Veronica, with brothers Vince Jr., Danny, Tony, and Tommy. Mike grew up a Philadelphia Phillies fan, and admiring Hall of Fame Third baseman Mike Schmidt.  Vince Piazza earned a fortune of more than $100 million in used cars and real estate, and attempted several times to purchase a MLB franchise. When the Dodgers--managed by Vince Piazza's childhood friend Tommy Lasorda, the godfather of Mike Piazza's youngest brother, Tommy--visited Philadelphia, Piazza visited the Dodger clubhouse and served as a bat boy in the dugout.  Vince Piazza's own hopes of playing baseball had ended at the age of 16 when he left school to support his family. He saw that Mike Piazza had potential in the sport, and began encouraging his son to build his arm strength at the age of five. When he was 12, Piazza received personal instruction in his backyard batting cage from Ted Williams. The Hall of Famer praised his talent, advised him not to let anyone change his swing, and autographed Piazza's copy of Williams' The Science of Hitting. Vince Piazza threw hundreds of pitches nightly to his son, who shared his father's focus on baseball, clearing snow if necessary to practice his hitting and, after reaching the major leagues, practicing on Christmas Eve. He attended Phoenixville Area High S

user: where was mike born?

assistant: Norristown, Pennsylvania,

user: what were the names of his parents?

assistant: Vince and Veronica,

user: how many siblings did he have?

assistant: is the second-oldest son

user: what school did he attend?

assistant: Phoenixville Area High School.

user: when did he start playing baseball?

assistant: began encouraging his son to build his arm strength at the age of five.

user: who trained him as he was growing up?

assistant: Piazza received personal instruction in his backyard batting cage from Ted Williams.

user: what opinion did Ted Williams have of him?

assistant: The Hall of Famer praised his talent,

user: how did his dad encourage him?

assistant: Vince Piazza threw hundreds of pitches nightly to his son, who shared his father's focus on baseball,

user: Did he want to join the dodgers?

assistant: Mike grew up a Philadelphia Phillies fan,
Título: Wu-Tang Clan
Seção: 2000-01: The W, Iron Flag and New Millennium
Background: Wu-Tang Clan  is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa. Cappadonna later became an official member of the group. The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums. Its 1993 debut album, Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers), is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.

Conteúdo: The group reconvened once again to make The W, though without Ol' Dirty Bastard, who was at the time incarcerated in California for violating the terms of his probation. Though incarcerated, ODB managed to make it onto the track "Conditioner" which featured Snoop Dogg. ODB's vocals were recorded via the telephones used for inmates to talk with visitors, while in prison. The W was mostly well received by critics, particularly for The RZA's production, and also gave the group a hit single with the uptempo "Gravel Pit", part of a trilogy of videos where the group would visit different eras with a time traveling elevator, which also included "Protect Ya Neck (The Jump Off)" and "Careful (Click, Click)", which were then followed by "I Can't Go to Sleep" featuring Isaac Hayes. The album would go on to reach double platinum status.  Shortly before the release of The W, ODB escaped custody while being transported from a rehab center to a Los Angeles court and was considered a fugitive. At a record release party for The W, ODB appeared with his face hidden by an orange parka, and was not recognized until introduced to the crowd. With police officers present outside, ODB performed briefly and then fled, fearing capture. Six days later ODB caused a commotion, signing autographs in a McDonald's at Broad & Girard Street in North Philadelphia. Unaware of who was causing the commotion, the manager called the police. When the law arrived, ODB mistook them for fans until they drew their guns.

user: What happened in 2000?

assistant: The group reconvened once again to make The W, though without Ol' Dirty Bastard, who was at the time incarcerated in California

user: What is The W?

assistant: The W was mostly well received by critics, particularly for The RZA's production,
Título: Afonso de Albuquerque
Seção: First conquest of Socotra and Ormuz, 1507
Background: Afonso de Albuquerque was born in 1453 in Alhandra, near Lisbon. He was the second son of Goncalo de Albuquerque, Lord of Vila Verde dos Francos, and Dona Leonor de Menezes. His father held an important position at court and was connected by remote illegitimate descent with the Portuguese monarchy. He was educated in mathematics and Latin at the court of Afonso V of Portugal, where he befriended Prince John, the future King John II of Portugal.

Conteúdo: The fleet left Lisbon on 6 April 1506. Afonso piloted his ship himself, having lost his appointed pilot on departure. In Mozambique Channel, they rescued Captain Joao da Nova, who had encountered difficulties on his return from India; da Nova and his ship, the Frol de la mar, joined da Cunha's fleet. From Malindi, da Cunha sent envoys to Ethiopia, which at the time was thought to be closer than it actually is. Those included the priest Joao Gomes, Joao Sanches and Tunisian Sid Mohammed who, having failed to cross the region, headed for Socotra; from there, Afonso managed to land them in Filuk. After successful attacks on Arab cities on the east Africa coast, they conquered Socotra and built a fortress at Suq, hoping to establish a base to stop the Red Sea commerce to the Indian Ocean. However, Socotra was abandoned four years later, as it was not advantageous as a base.  At Socotra, they parted ways: Tristao da Cunha sailed for India, where he would relieve the Portuguese besieged at Cannanore, while Afonso took seven ships and 500 men to Ormuz in the Persian Gulf, one of the chief eastern centers of commerce. On his way, he conquered the cities of Curiati (Kuryat), Muscat in July 1507, and Khor Fakkan, accepting the submission of the cities of Kalhat and Sohar. He arrived at Ormuz on 25 September and soon captured the city, which agreed to become a tributary state of the Portuguese king.  Hormuz was then a tributary state of Shah Ismail of Persia. In a famous episode, shortl

user: when did the conquest take place?

assistant: The fleet left Lisbon on 6 April 1506.

user: Where did they take off to?

assistant: Afonso took seven ships and 500 men to Ormuz in the Persian Gulf,
Título: Walter Scott
Seção: Start of literary career, marriage and family
Background: Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet, FRSE (15 August 1771 - 21 September 1832) was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright, poet and historian. Many of his works remain classics of both English-language literature and of Scottish literature. Famous titles include Ivanhoe, Rob Roy, Old Mortality, The Lady of the Lake, Waverley, The Heart of Midlothian and The Bride of Lammermoor. Although primarily remembered for his extensive literary works and his political engagement, Scott was an advocate, judge and legal administrator by profession, and throughout his career combined his writing and editing work with his daily occupation as Clerk of Session and Sheriff-Depute of Selkirkshire.

Conteúdo: As a boy, youth and young man, Scott was fascinated by the oral traditions of the Scottish Borders. He was an obsessive collector of stories, and developed an innovative method of recording what he heard at the feet of local story-tellers using carvings on twigs, to avoid the disapproval of those who believed that such stories were neither for writing down nor for printing. At the age of 25 he began to write professionally, translating works from German, his first publication being rhymed versions of ballads by Gottfried August Burger in 1796. He then published an idiosyncratic three-volume set of collected ballads of his adopted home region, The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border. This was the first sign from a literary standpoint of his interest in Scottish history.  As a result of his early polio infection, Scott had a pronounced limp. He was described in 1820 as tall, well formed (except for one ankle and foot which made him walk lamely), neither fat nor thin, with forehead very high, nose short, upper lip long and face rather fleshy, complexion fresh and clear, eyes very blue, shrewd and penetrating, with hair now silvery white. Although a determined walker, on horseback he experienced greater freedom of movement. Unable to consider a military career, Scott enlisted as a volunteer in the 1st Lothian and Border yeomanry.  On a trip to the Lake District with old college friends he met Charlotte Charpentier (or Carpenter), daughter of Jean Charpentier of Lyon in France, and 

user: when did he get married

assistant: After three weeks of courtship, Scott proposed and they were married on Christmas Eve 1797 in St Mary's Church, Carlisle (
Título: Hiawatha
Seção: Eclipse
Background: Hiawatha (also known as Ayenwatha, Aiionwatha, or Haien'wa'tha [ha.je?.wa?.tha] in Onondaga) was a pre-colonial Native American leader and co-founder of the Iroquois Confederacy. Depending on the version of the narrative, he was a leader of the Onondaga and the Mohawk, or both. According to some versions, he was born an Onondaga, but adopted into the Mohawk. Hiawatha was a follower of the Great Peacemaker (Deganawida), a Huron prophet and spiritual leader who proposed the unification of the Iroquois peoples, who shared common ancestry and similar languages.

Conteúdo: In attempting to date the Great Peacemaker and Hiawatha, focus has come to an incident related to the founding of the Iroquois Confederacy, their lifework. One rendition of the oral history eventually written down by scholars involves a division among the Seneca nation, the last nation to join the original confederacy. A violent confrontation began and was suddenly stopped when the sun darkened, and it seemed like night. Scholars have successively studied the possibilities of this being a solar eclipse since 1902 when William Canfield wrote Legends of the Iroquois; told by "the Cornplanter". Successive other scholars who mention it were (chronologically): Paul A. W. Wallace, Elizabeth Tooker, Bruce E. Johansen, Dean R. Snow, Barbara A. Mann and Jerry L. Fields, William N. Fenton, David Henige, Gary Warrick, and Neta Crawford.  Since Canfield's first mention, and the majority view, scholars have supported the 1451 AD date for the plausible solar eclipse mention. Some argue it is an insufficient fit for the description and favor 1142 AD while a few question the whole idea.  Archaeological supporting arguments have progressed. In 1982 Dean Snow considered the mainstream view of the archaeology not to support any dates for an eclipse before 1350 AD (thus ruling out the 1142 AD date.) By 1998 Fenton considered an earlier eclipse than the 1451 AD majority view unlikely but possible as long as it was after 1000 AD - a window that allows the 1142 AD date. By 2007/8 reviews considered

user: What does Eclipse have to do with Hiawatha?

assistant: In attempting to date the Great Peacemaker and Hiawatha, focus has come to an incident related to the founding of the Iroquois Confederacy,
Título: Curtis Mayfield
Seção: The Impressions
Background: Curtis Mayfield was born on June 3, 1942 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Marion Washington and Kenneth Mayfield, one of five children. Mayfield's father left the family when Curtis was five; his mother (and maternal grandmother) moved the family into several Chicago public housing projects before settling in Cabrini-Green during his teen years. Mayfield attended Wells Community Academy High School before dropping out his sophomore year. His mother taught him piano and, along with his grandmother, encouraged him to enjoy gospel music.

Conteúdo: Mayfield's career began in 1956 when he joined the Roosters with Arthur and Richard Brooks and Jerry Butler. Two years later the Roosters, now including Sam Gooden, became the Impressions. The band had two hit singles with Butler, "For Your Precious Love" and "Come Back My Love", then Butler left. Mayfield temporarily went with him, co-writing and performing on Butler's next hit, "He Will Break Your Heart", before returning to the Impressions with the group signing for ABC Records and working with the label's Chicago-based producer/A&R manager, Johnny Pate.  Butler was replaced by Fred Cash, a returning original Roosters member, and Mayfield became lead singer, frequently composing for the band, starting with "Gypsy Woman", a Top 20 Pop hit. Their hit "Amen" (Top 10), an updated version of an old gospel tune, was included in the soundtrack of the 1963 United Artists film Lilies of the Field, which starred Sidney Poitier. The Impressions reached the height of their popularity in the mid-to-late-'60s with a string of Mayfield compositions that included "Keep On Pushing," "People Get Ready", "It's All Right" (Top 10), the up-tempo "Talking about My Baby"(Top 20) and "Woman's Got Soul".  He formed his own label, Curtom Records in Chicago in 1968 and the Impressions joined him to continue their run of hits including "Fool For You," "This is My Country", "Choice Of Colors" and "Check Out Your Mind." Mayfield had written much of the soundtrack of the Civil Rights Movement in the ear

user: When was The Impressions formed?

assistant: Two years later the Roosters, now including Sam Gooden, became the Impressions.
Many non-U.S. citizens qualify for federal student aid. 
Don t assume you can t get aid just because you re not a citizen. The most common category of eligible noncitizen is that of permanent resident someone with a green card , but there are other categories as well. 

I am a non-U.S. citizen. Can I get federal student aid? 
Check with your college or career school s financial aid office for more information. You are considered an eligible noncitizen if you fall into certain categories, such as the ones listed below : You are a U.S. national includes natives of American Samoa or Swains Island or U.S. permanent resident with a Form I-551, I-151, or I-551C Permanent Resident Card, Resident Alien Card, or Alien Registration Receipt Card, also known as a " green card. " You have an Arrival - Departure Record I-94 from U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services USCIS showing * Refugee, Asylum Granted, Cuban-Haitian Entrant, Conditional Entrant valid only if issued before April 1 , 1980 , or Parolee you must be paroled for at least one year, and you must be able to provide evidence from the USCIS that you are in the United States for other than a temporary purpose with the intention of becoming a U.S. citizen or permanent resident. You hold a T nonimmigrant status " T - visa " for victims of human trafficking or your parent holds a T-1 nonimmigrant status. Your college or career school s financial aid office will ask to see your visa and/or certification letter from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. You are a battered immigrant - qualified alien who is a victim of abuse by your citizen or permanent resident spouse , or you are the child of a person designated as such under the Violence Against Women Act VAWA. You are a citizen of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic of Palau. If this is the case , you may be eligible for only certain types of federal student aid : Citizens of the Republic of Palau are elig

user: Hello, what are the requirements for federal aid for students in the US?

assistant: Aid is being given to the majority of students who apply for such funding.

user: What does it mean that I am not an eligible citizen?

assistant: You do not qualify for aid, you only have a Notice of Approval to apply for permanent residence.
Título: LeAnn Rimes
Seção: 2005-2006: Return to country; This Woman
Background: Margaret LeAnn Rimes was born in Jackson, Mississippi. She is the only child of Wilbur Rimes and Belinda Butler. The family moved to Garland, Texas when she was six. She was enrolled in vocal and dance classes, and was performing at local talent shows at the age of 5.

Conteúdo: In January 2005, Rimes released her seventh studio album, This Woman, her first album of contemporary country music in many years. Although the album received mixed reviews from magazines and critics, it was Rimes's best-selling album in over five years, reaching No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and No. 2 on the Top Country Albums chart in 2005, selling more than 100,000 copies within its first week. Rimes explained to the Chicago Sun-Times that the album helped mature her as a person, "I have 10 years of experience, so it's tough to get anything past me in this business. I've become a very strong woman because of all I've gone through, good and bad." This Woman would eventually be certified "Gold" later in 2005, after selling more than 500,000 units nationwide. The album's singles were Rimes's first Top 10 hits on the Hot Country Songs chart in five years. The three singles released from the album--"Nothin' 'Bout Love Makes Sense", "Probably Wouldn't Be This Way", and "Something's Gotta Give"--all peaked within the Top 5 on the country charts between 2005 and 2006. From the album, Rimes was nominated for a Grammy award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance for "Something's Gotta Give". In addition, she was also nominated for an American Music Award for "Favorite Female Country Artist." In 2006, Rimes recorded a cover version of Barbara Mandrell's "If Loving You Is Wrong (I Don't Want to Be Right)", for a tribute album to Mandrell's career titled, She Was Country When Country W

user: When did this album come out?

assistant: In January 2005,

user: How were the reviews from the critics about this album?

assistant: the album received mixed reviews from magazines and critics,
Dependent students must report their parents information, as well as their own, on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form. 
Find out who counts as your parent when you file your FAFSA form. If you are considered a dependent student for FAFSA purposes , you will need to provide information about your legal parent on the application. A legal parent is your biological or adoptive parent, or your legal parent as determined by the state for example, if the parent is listed on your birth certificate. If you have a stepparent currently married to your legal parent , you generally also must provide information about him or her. View text-only version 

Who is my parent according to the FAFSA form? 
If you need to report parent information , here are some guidelines to help you : If your legal parents your biological and/or adoptive parents, or parents as determined by the state [e.g., a parent listed on your birth certificate] are married to each other, answer the questions about both of them, regardless of whether your parents are of the same or opposite sex. If your legal parents are not married to each other and live together , answer the questions about both of them, regardless of whether your parents are of the same or opposite sex. If your legal parent is widowed or was never married , answer the questions about that parent. 

What if my parents are divorced or separated? 
In this case , how you fill out the FAFSA form depends on whether your parents live together or not. Keep the following in mind as you read this section : For FAFSA purposes , your married parents are separated if they are considered legally separated by a state, or if they are legally married but have chosen to live separate lives, including living in separate households, as though they were not married. When two married persons live as a married couple but are separated by physical distance or have separate households , they are considered married for FAFSA purposes. 

Divorce

user: Would there be any problem if I can't provide the parent information on the FAFSA form?

assistant: Are there any special circumstances that impede you from getting that information?

user: Not really.

user: Just curious on what to do or what to recommend others to do in case I'm confused with some of the questions and circumstances. Like, what to do if the parent doesn't live in the U.S?

assistant: Ok, well, in case your parents live abroad you can select "Foreign Country" from the dropdown box for the question that asks about the parent's state of legal residence.

user: Going back to my question about what to do if I can't get the parent information, What would you recommend on this?

assistant: When you fill the FAFSA form online or in the app, there is an option to indicate that you have special circumstances that make you unable to get your parent information. If you use this option you'll be able to submit the FAFSA form without the parent information.
Título: Bobby Orr
Seção: 1969-70
Background: Robert Gordon Orr, OC (born March 20, 1948) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, widely acknowledged as one of the greatest hockey players of all time. Orr used his ice skating speed, scoring, and play-making abilities to revolutionize the position of defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 12 seasons, starting with 10 with the Boston Bruins followed by two with the Chicago Black Hawks. Orr remains the only defenceman to have won the league scoring title with two Art Ross Trophies.

Conteúdo: By the time Orr turned 16 in 1964, he was still two years away from playing in the NHL and his father Doug was dissatisfied with the Bruins' treatment of the prospect. Doug had asked the Bruins' Blair for more money for Bobby and was turned down. Doug Orr met Toronto lawyer Alan Eagleson at a juvenile fastball tournament dinner in Parry Sound and asked Eagleson to help out with the situation. Eagleson agreed to work with the family for free and continued to do so for the next two years. Bobby and Eagleson developed a relationship Orr would later describe as being like brothers. The two soon became a team, discussing Bobby's future plans without his father Doug.  Eagleson was determined to get Orr a top salary. When Hap Emms, the general manager of the Bruins offered a US$5,000 (US$37,713 in 2017 dollars) signing bonus and US$7,000 and US$8,000 (US$52,798 and US$58,715 in 2017 dollars) for his first two years in the league, Eagleson countered with US$100,000 (US$754,256 in 2017 dollars) for the two years. or Orr would refuse to play with the Bruins and play for Canada's national team instead, like Carl Brewer. Orr wanted desperately to play in the NHL, but he went along with Eagleson's strategy and was willing to play for the nationals. The Bruins and Orr agreed on a US$25,000 signing bonus (US$188,564 in 2017 dollars), and a salary "less than $100,000" for the two years, a figure kept secret. Speculation has ranged on an annual salary of US$25,000 to US$40,000 (US$188,564 to 

user: Who did Orr play for in 1969?

assistant: Bruins

user: Did he set any records during 1969?

assistant: 1969-70, Orr almost doubled his scoring total from the previous season, to 120 points, six shy of the league record

user: Did the Bruins go to the playoffs?

assistant: Orr went on to lead the Bruins in a march through the 1970 playoffs scoring nine goals and 11 assists.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Eagleson was determined to get Orr a top salary. When Hap Emms, the general manager of the Bruins offered a US$5,000 (

user: Did he get a large salary?

assistant: Orr agreed on a US$25,000 signing bonus (US$188,564 in 2017 dollars), and a salary "less than $100,000" for the two years, a figure kept secret.
Título: William Bartram
Seção: Exploration of the Cherokee Nation
Background: William Bartram (April 20, 1739 - July 22, 1823) was an American naturalist. The son of Ann (nee Mendenhall) and the naturalist John Bartram, William Bartram and his twin sister Elizabeth were born in Kingsessing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. As a boy, he accompanied his father on many of his travels to the Catskill Mountains, the New Jersey Pine Barrens, New England, and Florida. From his mid-teens, Bartram was noted for the quality of his botanic and ornithological drawings.

Conteúdo: On April 22, 1775 Bartram left Charleston, South Carolina on horseback to explore the Cherokee Nation. After passing through Augusta May 10, Dartmouth on May 15 (35.328003degN 82.874571degW / 35.328003; -82.874571), a few days later he left Fort Prince George and Keowee (34.863616degN 82.901575degW / 34.863616; -82.901575) after not being able to procure a guide .  In addition to his botanizing, Bartram aptly described the journey:  "...all alone in a wild Indian country, a thousand miles from my native land, and a vast distance from any settlements of white people."  "It was now after noon; I approached a charming vale, amidst sublimely high forests, awful shades! Darkness gathers around, far distant thunder rolls over the trembling hills; the black clouds with august majesty and power, moves slowly forwards, shading regions of towering hills, and threatening all the destructions of a thunderstorm; all around is now still as death, not a whisper is heard, but a total inactivity and silence seems to pervade the earth; the birds afraid to utter a chirrup, and in low tremulous voices take leave of each other, seeking covert and safety; every insect is silenced, and nothing heard but the roaring of the approaching hurricane; the mighty cloud now expands its sable wings, extending from North to South, and is driven irresistibly on by the tumultuous winds, spreading his livid wings around the gloomy concave, armed with terrors of thunder and fiery shafts of lightning; now the loft

user: When did he begin to explore the Cherokee nation?

assistant: On April 22, 1775 Bartram left Charleston, South Carolina on horseback to explore the Cherokee Nation.