dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Frank Zappa
Seção: Disbandment
Background: Frank Vincent Zappa (December 21, 1940 - December 4, 1993) was an American musician, composer, activist and filmmaker. His work is characterized by nonconformity, free-form improvisation, sound experiments, musical virtuosity, and satire of American culture. In a career spanning more than 30 years, Zappa composed rock, pop, jazz, jazz fusion, orchestral and musique concrete works, and produced almost all of the 60-plus albums that he released with his band the Mothers of Invention and as a solo artist. Zappa also directed feature-length films and music videos, and designed album covers.

Conteúdo: Zappa and the Mothers of Invention returned to Los Angeles in mid-1968, and the Zappas moved into a house on Laurel Canyon Boulevard, only to move again to one on Woodrow Wilson Drive. This was Zappa's home for the rest of his life. Despite being a success with fans in Europe, the Mothers of Invention were not faring well financially. Their first records were vocally oriented, but Zappa wrote more instrumental jazz and classical oriented music for the band's concerts, which confused audiences. Zappa felt that audiences failed to appreciate his "electrical chamber music".  In 1969 there were nine band members and Zappa was supporting the group himself from his publishing royalties whether they played or not. 1969 was also the year Zappa, fed up with MGM Records' interference, left them for Warner Bros. Records' Reprise subsidiary where Zappa/Mothers recordings would bear the Bizarre Records imprint.  In late 1969, Zappa broke up the band. He often cited the financial strain as the main reason, but also commented on the band members' lack of sufficient effort. Many band members were bitter about Zappa's decision, and some took it as a sign of Zappa's concern for perfection at the expense of human feeling. Others were irritated by 'his autocratic ways', exemplified by Zappa's never staying at the same hotel as the band members. Several members played for Zappa in years to come. Remaining recordings with the band from this period were collected on Weasels Ripped My Flesh and Burn

user: how did the disbandment start?

assistant: the Mothers of Invention were not faring well financially.

user: what happened then?

assistant: fed up with MGM Records' interference, left them for Warner Bros.
Título: Matt Hardy
Seção: Broken gimmick legal battle
Background: Hardy was born in Cameron, North Carolina, the son of Gilbert and Ruby Moore Hardy. He is the older brother of Jeff Hardy. Their mother died of brain cancer in 1986. Hardy played baseball as a child and throughout high school, but had stopped by his senior year.

Conteúdo: Shortly after the departure of Matt and Jeff from TNA was made public, Matt's wife, Reby, went on a social media tirade in which she repeatedly slammed TNA, the company's new management and the way in which contract negotiations between the company and the Hardy family were conducted. A few weeks following this, the bad blood between the two sides intensified, so much so that the new management of TNA (now renamed Impact Wrestling) Anthem Sports & Entertainment issued a cease and desist letter to The Hardys' new promotion Ring of Honor (ROH), in which Anthem essentially ordered ROH as well as any broadcasting company airing ROH's 15th Anniversary pay-per-view show (on which The Hardys were to participate in a match) to not in any way speak of, indicate or acknowledge the existence of the Broken Matt and Brother Nero characters and instead to refer to The Hardys as simply Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy. The issue with this is that while The Hardys were in TNA, they had full creative control over the Broken gimmick, with them even filming their own segments to air on TNA programming in some circumstances, thus making the Hardy family (in their belief) the owners of the Broken gimmick. It is believed that civil litigation will follow and a potential court hearing will take place regarding the final outcome on who owns the Broken gimmick: Anthem or the Hardy family. Until then, the status of the Broken gimmick remains undecided. Despite this, Matt continues to use the Broken gimmick t

user: What was the legal battle about?

assistant: It is believed that civil litigation will follow and a potential court hearing will take place regarding the final outcome on who owns the Broken gimmick:
Título: James Randi
Seção: James Randi Educational Foundation (JREF)
Background: Randi was born on August 7, 1928 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the son of Marie Alice (nee Paradis) and George Randall Zwinge. He has a younger brother and sister. He took up magic after seeing Harry Blackstone Sr. and reading conjuring books while spending 13 months in a body cast following a bicycle accident. He confounded doctors who expected he would never walk again.

Conteúdo: In 1996, Randi established the James Randi Educational Foundation. Randi and his colleagues publish in JREF's blog, Swift. Topics have included the interesting mathematics of the one-seventh area triangle, a classic geometric puzzle. In his weekly commentary, Randi often gives examples of what he considers the nonsense that he deals with every day.  Beginning in 2003, the JREF annually hosted The Amaz!ng Meeting, a gathering of scientists, skeptics, and atheists. The last meeting was in 2015, coinciding with Randi's retirement from the JREF.  James Randi began a series of conferences known as "The Amazing Meeting" - TAM - which quickly became the largest gathering of skeptics in the world, drawing audiences from Asia, Europe, South America, and the UK. It also attracted large percentage of younger folks. Randi has been regularly featured on many podcasts, including The Skeptics Society's official podcast Skepticality and the Center for Inquiry's official podcast Point of Inquiry. From September 2006 onwards, he has occasionally contributed to The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe podcast with a column titled "Randi Speaks." In addition, The Amazing Show is a podcast in which Randi shares various anecdotes in an interview format.  In 2014 Part2Filmworks released An Honest Liar, a feature film documentary, written by Tyler Measom and Greg O'Toole, and directed and produced by Measom and Justin Weinstein. The film, which was funded through Kickstarter, focuses on Randi's life, his

user: What year was the JREF created?

assistant: In 1996, Randi established the James Randi Educational Foundation.
Co-op training 
A college or university co - op training program lets you get full - time work experience in between periods of going to school full time. You may be able to get help paying for some of your costs like books, tuition, and housing if you re part of a co - op. Find out if you can get these education benefits. 

Can I get education benefits for co-op training? 
You may be able to get money for books, tuition, and housing if you meet all of the requirements listed below. All of these must be true : You re using VA educational assistance , and You re enrolled at an approved Institution of Higher Learning IHL , and You re in an educational program that requires part - time study and part - time work or training 

Who s covered? 
Veterans 

What benefits can I get? 
Help paying for tuition Money for books and housing 

How much will I get if I join a co-op training program? 
The amount we cover depends on the benefit you use. View current payment rates The Post-9/11 GI Bill : If the program is at a public IHL, we pay the actual costs for public in - state tuition and fees. If the program is at a private or foreign IHL , we pay the lesser of the national maximum or the actual costs for in - state tuition and fees. We also pay for some of the cost of housing and books. All other GI Bill programs : We pay a monthly rate that depends on which GI Bill program you qualify for. 

user: hi i need help about Cooperative Training

assistant: A cooperative college or university training program allows you to gain full-time work experience between periods of going to school full-time. You may be able to get help paying for some of your costs, like books, tuition, and housing, if you are part of a cooperative.
VA clothing allowance 
Has your clothing been damaged by your prosthetic or orthopedic device such as a wheelchair or by the medicine you re taking for a skin condition? If it has , you may be able to get money each year to help you buy new clothes. This is a disability compensation benefit known as an annual clothing allowance. Find out if you can get this benefit. 

Can I get disability benefits from VA? 
You may be able to get disability benefits if you meet both of the requirements listed below. Both of these must be true : Your prosthetic or orthopedic device or your skin medicine causes damage to your clothes , and You need this device or skin medicine because of an injury or illness related to your military service called a service - connected condition 

Who s covered? 
Veterans 

What disability benefits can I get? 
A one - time payment , or A yearly payment Note : The current clothing allowance rate is $817.48. View current rates for special allowances 

How do I get these benefits? 
You ll need to file a claim for disability compensation. Find out how to file a claim for disability compensation When you file a disability claim , you ll also need to fill out this additional form : An Application for Annual Clothing Allowance VA Form 10 - 8678 Download VA Form 10 - 8678 PDF Bring it to the prosthetic representative at your local VA medical center. To get your yearly payment , you ll need to qualify by August 1 of that year. You may be able to get more than one payment if you meet at least one of the requirements listed below. At least one of these must be true : You have more than one prosthetic or orthopedic device , or You have more than one skin medicine , and/or Your device or skin medicine affects more than one type of clothing. View the current payment rates Note: If you qualify , you ll receive payments between September 1 and October 31. Use our facility locator to find your nearest VA medical center. Find a VA medical center near you For more inf

user: how is the VA clothing allowance system

assistant: Has your clothing been damaged by your prosthetic or orthotic device such as a wheelchair or by the medicine you are taking for a skin condition?

user: yes

assistant: You can get money each year to help you buy new clothes. This is a disability compensation benefit known as an annual clothing allowance. Find out if you can get this benefit.

user: Can I get VA disability benefits?

assistant: You may be able to get disability benefits if you meet both requirements
Título: Władysław Gomułka
Seção: State National Council, Polish Committee of National Liberation
Background: Wladyslaw Gomulka (Polish: [vwa'diswaf go'muwka]; 6 February 1905 - 1 September 1982) was a Polish communist politician. He was the de facto leader of post-war Poland until 1948. Following the Polish October he became leader again from 1956 to 1970. Gomulka was initially very popular for his reforms; his seeking a "Polish way to socialism"; and giving rise to the period known as "Gomulka's thaw".

Conteúdo: In the fall of 1943, the PPR leadership began discussing the creation of a Polish quasi-parliamentary, communist-led body, to be named the State National Council (Krajowa Rada Narodowa, KRN). After the Battle of Kursk the expectation was of a Soviet victory and liberation of Poland and the PPR wanted to be ready to assume power. Gomulka came up with the idea of a national council and imposed his point of view on the rest of the leadership. The PPR intended to obtain consent from the Cominterm leader and their Soviet contact Georgi Dimitrov. However, in November the Gestapo arrested Finder and Malgorzata Fornalska, who possessed the secret codes for communication with Moscow and the Soviet response remained unknown. In the absence of Finder, on 23 November Gomulka was elected general secretary (chief) of the PPR and Bierut joined the three-person inner leadership.  The founding meeting of the State National Council took place in the late evening of 31 December 1943. The new body's chairman Bierut was becoming Gomulka's main rival. In mid-January 1944 Dimitrov was finally informed of the KRN's existence, which surprised both him and the Polish communist leaders in Moscow, increasingly led by Jakub Berman, who had other, competing ideas concerning the establishment of a Polish communist ruling party and government.  Gomulka felt that the Polish communists in occupied Poland had a better understanding of Polish realities than their brethren in Moscow and that the State National C

user: how was wladyslaw involved in the state national council?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what did wladyslaw have to do with the polish committee of national liberation?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what other interesting information can you tell me?

assistant: In the fall of 1943, the PPR leadership began discussing the creation of a Polish quasi-parliamentary, communist-led body,

user: was Gomulka part of the PPR Leadership?

assistant: Gomulka came up with the idea of a national council and imposed his point of view on the rest of the leadership.

user: Did the rest of the leadership support his views?

assistant: 23 November Gomulka was elected general secretary (chief) of the PPR and Bierut joined the three-person inner leadership.
Título: Joy Division
Seção: Closer
Background: Joy Division were an English post-punk band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. Originally named Warsaw, the band consisted of singer-songwriter Ian Curtis, guitarist and keyboardist Bernard Sumner, bass player Peter Hook and drummer Stephen Morris. The band was formed by Sumner and Hook after attending a 4 June 1976 Sex Pistols concert at the Lesser Free Trade Hall in Manchester. While Joy Division's early recordings were heavily influenced by early punk, they evolved a unique sound, aided by producer Martin Hannett, which earned their reputation as pioneers of the post-punk movement.

Conteúdo: Joy Division toured Continental Europe in January 1980. Although the schedule was difficult and demanding, Curtis experienced only two grand mal seizures, both in the final two months of the tour. That March, the band recorded their second album, Closer with Hannett again producing at London's Britannia Row Studios. That month they released the "Licht und Blindheit" single, with "Atmosphere" as the A side and "Dead Souls" as the B side, on the French independent label Sordide Sentimental.  A lack of sleep and long hours committed to the bands' activities destabilised Curtis's epilepsy, and resultingly, his seizures became almost uncontrollable. Curtis would often experience seizures during live performances, which would leave him feeling both ashamed and depressed. As the band worried about their singer, some audience members thought his seizures and behaviour were simply part of the show. On 7 April, Curtis attempted suicide by overdosing on his anti-seizure medication; phenobarbitone. The following evening, Joy Division were scheduled to play a gig at the Derby Hall in Bury. Curtis was too ill to perform, so at Rob Gretton's insistence, the band played a combined set with Alan Hempsall of Crispy Ambulance and Simon Topping of A Certain Ratio singing on the first few songs, with Curtis singing for part of the set. When Topping came back towards the end of the srt, some audience members threw bottles at the stage. Curtis's ill health lead to the cancellation of several other 

user: What is closer

assistant: the final two months of the tour. That March, the band recorded their second album, Closer

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: A lack of sleep and long hours committed to the bands' activities destabilised Curtis's epilepsy, and resultingly, his seizures became almost uncontrollable.

user: What else happen with his sickness

assistant: Curtis would often experience seizures during live performances, which would leave him feeling both ashamed and depressed.

user: How did the other members feel

assistant: the band worried about their singer,
Don t get discouraged if you're in default on your federal student loan. 
You have multiple options to get out of default. If you failed to make your payments on your federal student loan and now are in default , don t let the consequences of default affect your financial future. Find out how to get out of default. Stopped Collection Activity and Temporary 0% Interest as a Result of the COVID-19 National Emergency To provide relief during the COVID-19 national emergency , the U.S. Department of Education ED has stopped collection activity on defaulted federally owned student loans and/or grant overpayments. In addition , interest is temporarily set at 0% on defaulted federally owned student aid debt. This 0% interest and stopped collections period will last from March 13 , 2020, through Sept. 30 , 2020. You can still make payments if you choose. Have questions? Find out about federal student aid flexibilities due to the COVID-19 national emergency. One way to get out of default is to repay the defaulted loan in full , but that's not a practical option for most borrowers. The two main ways to get out of default are loan rehabilitation and loan consolidation. While loan rehabilitation takes several months to complete , you can quickly apply for loan consolidation. However , loan rehabilitation provides certain benefits that are not available through loan consolidation. Take a look at the chart below to compare the benefits of loan rehabilitation versus the benefits of loan consolidation. Loan Rehabilitation and Consolidation Comparison Chart * NOTE : We previously indicated that loan consolidation would result in removal of the record of default from a borrower s credit history. That cell of the table has now been corrected to indicate that loan consolidation will not result in removal of the record of default from the borrower s credit history. If you rehabilitate a defaulted loan , the record of the default will be removed from your credit history. However , your 

user: I need to know what to do about my loan which I defaulted.

assistant: There are multiple options to get out of default.
How to apply for the GI Bill and related benefits 
Find out how to apply for the GI Bill and other VA education benefits as a Veteran, service member, or qualified family member. 

How do I prepare before starting my application? 
Find out if you re eligible for VA education benefits Gather the documents and information listed below that you ll need to apply for education benefits. See what benefits you ll get at the school you want to attend. Use the GI Bill Comparison Tool Note: To apply for Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment also called Chapter 31 or educational and career counseling also called Chapter 36 benefits and services , you ll need to use a different application. Find out how to apply for Vocational Rehab and Employment Learn more about Educational and Career Counseling 

What documents and information do I need to apply? 
Social Security number Bank account direct deposit information Education and military history you want to attend or are attending now Basic information about the school or training facility 

You can also apply: 


By mail 
Call 888-GI - BILL-1 888 - 442 - 4551 , Monday through Friday , 8:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. ET , to request that we send the application to you. Fill it out and mail it to the VA regional claims processing office that s in the same location as your school. See a list of regional claims processing offices 

In person 
Go to a VA regional benefit office and have a VA employee help you. Find a VA regional benefit office near you Work with your school s certifying official. This person is usually in the Registrar or Financial Aid office at the school. 

With the help of a trained professional 
You can work with a trained professional called an accredited representative to get help applying for education benefits. Get help filing your claim 

What happens after I apply? 
Find out what happens after you apply You can t make changes to your application , but if you have questions about VA education benefits, please cal

user: I'm looking for information about how to enjoy benefits for Veterans.

assistant: For that', you'll have to meet certain criteria.

user: Oh, i see. And what can i do in order to know if i meet those criteria?

assistant: Well, for starters, you better gather documents and information that you'll need to apply for education benefits, along with the information of the benefits you'll get in your future school.

user: What other means can i use to apply for these benefits?

assistant: You can apply via mail. First, request an application form from us. Then fill it and mail it to the Veterans Affairs processing office, near you location or school.
What happens if I get a traffic ticket in another state? 


Moving violations 
Your NY State Driver License will be suspended if you fail to answer a ticket for a moving violation in any state except Alaska, California, Michigan, Montana, Oregon or Wisconsin. Your license will remain suspended until you answer the ticket. Drivers from any state, except those from the six states listed above, will have their driver licenses suspended in their own state for failure to answer a moving violation in New York State. The New York State DMV does not record out - of - state convictions of moving traffic violations of New York State non - commercial licensed drivers, except for traffic offenses committed in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec in Canada. 

Alcohol and drug violations 


If you are 21 or older 
If you are 21 years of age or older when you commit an alcohol or drug related driving violation in any other state or the provinces of Ontario and Quebec in Canada and you are convicted of the violation , your New York State driver license will be revoked for at least 90 days. Out - of - state drivers ticketed in New York State should contact the Motor Vehicle Department of their own state or province about the effect of a conviction in New York State. 

If you are under 21 
If you are under the age of 21 when you commit an alcohol or drug related driving violation that occurs out - of - state and you are convicted of the violation , your New York State driver license will be revoked for at least one year. If you have any prior alcohol or drug related driving conviction , your license will be revoked for at least one year or until the age of 21, whichever is longer. 

Convictions for criminal negligence, homicide or assault 
The New York State DMV records the out - of - state convictions of any New York driver for criminal negligence, homicide, or assault, which arise out of the operation of a motor vehicle and which results in death. As a result of any of these convi

user: Hi, i was on vacation out of NY not long ago and got a ticket. What could be the consequences?

assistant: Did you received that ticket because a moving violation?
To qualify for Social Security disability benefits , you must first have worked in jobs covered by Social Security. Then you must have a medical condition that meets Social Security's definition of disability. In general , we pay monthly benefits to people who are unable to work for a year or more because of a disability. Benefits usually continue until you are able to work again on a regular basis. There are also a number of special rules, called " work incentives, " that provide continued benefits and health care coverage to help you make the transition back to work. If you are receiving Social Security disability benefits when you reach full retirement age, your disability benefits automatically convert to retirement benefits , but the amount remains the same. 

How Much Work Do You Need? 
In addition to meeting our definition of disability , you must have worked long enough and recently enough under Social Security to qualify for disability benefits. Social Security work credits are based on your total yearly wages or self - employment income. You can earn up to four credits each year. The amount needed for a work credit changes from year to year. In 2019 , for example , you earn one credit for each $1,360 in wages or self - employment income. When you've earned $5,440 , you've earned your four credits for the year. The number of work credits you need to qualify for disability benefits depends on your age when you become disabled. Generally , you need 40 credits , 20 of which were earned in the last 10 years ending with the year you become disabled. However , younger workers may qualify with fewer credits. For more information on whether you qualify , read our publication ; How You Earn Credits. 

What We Mean By Disability 
The definition of disability under Social Security is different than other programs. Social Security pays only for total disability. No benefits are payable for partial disability or for short - term disability. We consider you disabled unde

user: How much should a person have worked before their disability to qualify for the benefits?

assistant: If they meet Social Security's definition of disability they also must have worked long enough under Social Security to qualify for disability benefits.
Título: Toni Morrison
Seção: Adulthood and editing career: 1949-1974
Background: Toni Morrison (born Chloe Ardelia Wofford; February 18, 1931) is an American novelist, essayist, editor, teacher, and professor emeritus at Princeton University. Morrison won the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award in 1988 for Beloved. The novel was adapted into a film of the same name (starring Oprah Winfrey and Danny Glover) in 1998. Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1993.

Conteúdo: In 1949 she enrolled at the historically black Howard University, seeking the company of fellow black intellectuals. The school is in Washington, D.C., where she encountered racially segregated restaurants and buses for the first time. She graduated in 1953 with a B.A. in English and went on to earn a Master of Arts from Cornell University in 1955. Her Master's thesis was Virginia Woolf's and William Faulkner's Treatment of the Alienated. She taught English, first at Texas Southern University in Houston for two years, then at Howard for seven years. While teaching at Howard, she met Harold Morrison, a Jamaican architect, whom she married in 1958. She was pregnant with their second son when she and Harold divorced in 1964.  After the breakup of her marriage, she began working as an editor in 1965 for L. W. Singer, a textbook division of Random House, in Syracuse, New York. Two years later she transferred to Random House in New York City, where she became their first black woman senior editor in the fiction department.  In that capacity, Morrison played a vital role in bringing black literature into the mainstream. One of the first books she worked on was the groundbreaking Contemporary African Literature (1972), a collection that included work by Nigerian writers Wole Soyinka and Chinua Achebe and South African playwright Athol Fugard. She fostered a new generation of African-American authors, including Toni Cade Bambara, Angela Davis, and Gayl Jones, whose writing Morrison di

user: What was her first job?

assistant: She taught English, first at Texas Southern University in Houston

user: What year was that?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did she enjoy teaching?

assistant: While teaching at Howard, she met Harold Morrison,

user: Who is Harold Morrison?

assistant: a Jamaican architect, whom she married in 1958. She was pregnant with their second son when she and Harold divorced in 1964.

user: How many kids did she have?

assistant: She was pregnant with their second son when she and Harold divorced in 1964.

user: What did she do after that?

assistant: After the breakup of her marriage, she began working as an editor in 1965 for L. W. Singer,

user: Did she enjoy being an editor?

assistant: Two years later she transferred to Random House in New York City, where she became their first black woman senior editor in the fiction department.
Título: Hugo (film)
Seção: Critical reception
Background: Hugo is a 2011 epic historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan. Based on Brian Selznick's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret, it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s. A co-production between Graham King's GK Films and Johnny Depp's Infinitum Nihil, the film stars Ben Kingsley, Sacha Baron Cohen, Asa Butterfield, Chloe Grace Moretz, Ray Winstone, Emily Mortimer, Jude Law, Helen McCrory, and Christopher Lee. Hugo is Scorsese's first film shot in 3D, of which the filmmaker remarked, "I found 3D to be really interesting, because the actors were more upfront emotionally.

Conteúdo: The film currently holds a 94% "Certified Fresh" rating on aggregate review site Rotten Tomatoes based on 206 reviews, with an average score of 8.3/10. The site's main consensus reads, "Hugo is an extravagant, elegant fantasy with an innocence lacking in many modern kids' movies, and one that emanates an unabashed love for the magic of cinema." Metacritic gave the film an average score of 83 out of 100, based on 41 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".  Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film four out of four stars, saying "Hugo is unlike any other film Martin Scorsese has ever made, and yet possibly the closest to his heart: a big-budget, family epic in 3-D, and in some ways, a mirror of his own life. We feel a great artist has been given command of the tools and resources he needs to make a movie about--movies." Peter Rainer of The Christian Science Monitor gave it a "B+" grade and termed it as "an odd mixture: a deeply personal impersonal movie" and concluded that "Hugo is a mixed bag but one well worth rummaging through." Christy Lemire said that it had an "abundant love of the power of film; being a hardcore cinephile (like Scorsese) might add a layer of enjoyment, but it certainly isn't a prerequisite for walking in the door" besides being "slightly repetitive and overlong". Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune rated it three stars and described it as "rich and stimulating even when it wanders" explaining "every locale in Scorsese's vision of 1931 Paris

user: What was the reception like?

assistant: Richard Corliss of Time named it one of the Top 10 Best Movies of 2011,

user: did it have any criticisms?

assistant: "visually Hugo is a marvel, but dramatically it's a clockwork lemon
Título: The Master (Doctor Who)
Seção: Intelligence and attitude
Background: The Master is a recurring character in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who and its associated spin-off works. The character is a renegade alien Time Lord and the archenemy of the title character the Doctor. The Master has been played by multiple actors since the character's introduction in 1971.

Conteúdo: The Master, played by Roger Delgado, makes his first appearance in Terror of the Autons (1971), where he allies with the Nestene Consciousness to help them invade Earth. The Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) convinces the Master to stop this plan at the last minute, and the Master subsequently escapes, albeit with his TARDIS, a space-time ship, left non-functioning after the Doctor confiscates the ship's dematerialisation circuit.  Having become a main character in the show's eighth season, the Master reappears in The Mind of Evil, where he regains his TARDIS' circuit from the Doctor after attempting to launch a nerve gas missile that would initiate World War III. After another incursion on Earth in The Claws of Axos, and failing to hold the galaxy to ransom using a doomsday weapon on the planet Uxarieus in the year 2472 in Colony in Space, in The Daemons the Master is finally captured on Earth by the organisation UNIT after Jo Grant (Katy Manning) prevents the alien Azal (Stephen Thorne) from gifting the Master his powers.  In The Sea Devils (1972), the Master is shown to be imprisoned on an island prison off the coast of England. He convinces the governor of the prison, Colonel Trenchard (Clive Morton), to help him steal electronics from HMS Seaspite, the nearby naval base, which helps the Master contact the reptilian Sea Devils, the former rulers of Earth, so he can help them retake the planet from humanity. The Master convinces the Doctor to help him build machinery that would b

user: Is he a very intelligent person?

assistant: The Tenth Doctor further expresses admiration for the Master's intellect in The End of Time by calling him "stone cold brilliant
Título: Paula Abdul
Seção: 1995-2001: Head over Heels
Background: Abdul was born in San Fernando, California, to Jewish parents. Abdul's father, Harry Abdul, was born into the Syrian Jewish community in Aleppo, Syria, was raised in Brazil, and subsequently immigrated to the United States. Her mother, the concert pianist Lorraine M. Rykiss, grew up in one of the two Jewish families in Minnedosa, Manitoba, and has Ashkenazi Jewish ancestors from Ukraine. She has a sister named Wendy.

Conteúdo: By 1995, Paula Abdul had recovered from her battle with the eating disorder bulimia nervosa and prepared to return to the spotlight with her new album Head over Heels. The first single off the album, "My Love Is for Real" featured a fusion of R&B and traditional Middle Eastern instruments, and was performed with Yemeni-Israeli singer Ofra Haza. Its accompanying Lawrence of Arabia-inspired music video was played in theaters across the world as a prologue to the film Clueless. The single was a hit in the clubs (peaking at No. 1 on Billboard's Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart), and made it to No. 28 on Billboard's Hot 100 chart.  The second single, "Crazy Cool", peaked at No. 13 on the dance charts. "Ain't Never Gonna Give You Up" was the album's third and final single. To date, Head over Heels has sold over 500,000 copies in the United States.  In January 1997, Abdul starred in the ABC television movie Touched By Evil, playing a businesswoman who discovers that her boyfriend is a serial rapist. Also that year, Abdul co-wrote the song "Spinning Around" with songwriter and producer Kara DioGuardi, who became a fellow judge on American Idol in 2009. "Spinning Around" was a dance-pop track intended to be the lead single on Abdul's follow-up album to Head over Heels. But the album never materialized, and "Spinning Around" was instead given to Kylie Minogue. The song was highly successful, reaching No. 1 in numerous countries.  While Abdul took a break from the music industry, she rem

user: What did she struggle with

assistant: her battle with the eating disorder bulimia nervosa

user: What year was this

assistant: 1995,

user: What did she do after this battle

assistant: prepared to return to the spotlight with her new album
Título: Beck
Seção: Sea Change (2002-03)
Background: Beck was born in Los Angeles, to David Campbell and Bibbe Hansen. His father is a Canadian-born arranger, composer and conductor who worked on hundreds of albums and numerous films. Beck's mother grew up amid New York's Andy Warhol Factory art scene of the 1960s, where she was a Warhol superstar, but moved to California at age 17, where she met Campbell; she is a visual artist. Bibbe's maternal grandmother was Jewish, while Bibbe's father, artist Al Hansen, was partly of Norwegian descent.

Conteúdo: In 2000, Beck and his fiancee, stylist Leigh Limon, ended their nine-year relationship. Beck lapsed into a period of melancholy and introspection, during which he wrote the bleak, acoustic-based tracks later found on Sea Change. Beck sat on the songs, not wanting to talk about his personal life; he later said that he wanted to focus on music and "not really strew my baggage across the public lobby". Eventually, however, he decided the songs spoke to a common experience (a relationship breakup), and that it would not seem self-indulgent to record them. In 2001, Beck drifted back to the songs and called producer Nigel Godrich.  Retailers initially predicted that the album would not receive much radio support, but they also believed that Beck's maverick reputation and critical acclaim, in addition to the possibility of multiple Grammy nominations, might offset Sea Change's noncommercial sound. Sea Change, issued by Geffen in September 2002, was regardless a commercial hit and critical darling, with Rolling Stone revering it as "the best album Beck has ever made, [...] an impeccable album of truth and light from the end of love. This is his Blood on the Tracks." The album was later listed by the magazine as one of the best records of the decade and of all-time, and it also placed second on the year's Pazz & Jop Critics Poll. Sea Change yielded a low-key, theater-based acoustic tour, as well as a larger tour with The Flaming Lips as Beck's opening and backing band. Beck was playfu

user: Did Sea Change sell well?

assistant: Rolling Stone revering it as "the best album Beck has ever made, [...]

user: Were there any other public comments made about Sea Change?

assistant: one of the best records of the decade and of all-time, and it also placed second on the year's Pazz & Jop Critics Poll.

user: How many albums were sold?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was Sea Change his tenth album?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Were there features with other artists on this album?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Rahul Bose
Seção: Activism
Background: Rahul Bose was born to Rupen and Kumud Bose on 27 July 1967. He describes himself as "...half Bengali; one-fourth Punjabi and one-fourth Maharashtrian." Bose's first acting role was at age six when he played the lead in a school play, Tom, the Piper's Son.

Conteúdo: Bose assisted in the relief efforts in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands after the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami. As a result of this work, Bose launched the Andaman and Nicobar Scholarship Initiative through his NGO, The Foundation. The scholarship program provides for the education of underprivileged children from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.  Bose is associated with several charitable organizations such as Teach for India, Akshara Centre, Breakthrough, Citizens for Justice and Peace and the Spastics Society of India. He is closely associated with the Teach For India movement to eradicate inequity in education. In addition, he became the first Indian Oxfam global ambassador in 2007. He is the founder and chairman of The Group of Groups, an umbrella organisation for 51 Mumbai charitable organisations and NGOs. He is also an ambassador for the American India Foundation, the World Youth Peace Movement and Planet Alert. He was also a vocal proponent of Narmada Bachao Andolan and its efforts to halt the construction of the Narmada dam. He also recorded the Terre des hommes audio book Goodgoodi karna, gale lagana; Sparsh ke niyam sikhiye (English: Tickle and hugs: Learning the touching rules), which is designed to give children resources against sexual abuse.  Bose has given lectures on gender equality and human rights at Oxford and during the 2004 World Youth Peace Summit. In 2009, he toured Canada lecturing on global climate change under the auspices of Climate Action Network and d

user: What can you tell me about his activism?

assistant: Bose assisted in the relief efforts in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands after the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami.

user: What did he do to assist in the relief efforts?

assistant: Bose launched the Andaman and Nicobar Scholarship Initiative through his NGO, The Foundation.

user: What was the scholarship for?

assistant: The scholarship program provides for the education of underprivileged children from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Título: William J. Donovan
Seção: Nuremberg trials
Background: Of Irish descent, Donovan was born in Buffalo, New York, to Anna Letitia "Tish" Donovan (nee Lennon) and Timothy P. Donovan, both American-born children of Irish immigrants. The Lennons were from Ulster, the Donovans from County Cork. Donovan's grandfather Timothy O'Donovan (Sr.) was from the town of Skibbereen; raised by an uncle who was a parish priest, he married Donovan's grandmother Mary Mahoney, who belonged to a propertied family of substantial means that disapproved of him.

Conteúdo: While British authorities and the US military and State Department were relatively indifferent to the question of trying war criminals after the war, Donovan was lobbying Roosevelt as early as October 1943 to arrange for such prosecutions. Roosevelt tasked Donovan with looking into the legalities and technicalities, and in the months that followed Donovan collected testimonies about war criminals and related information from a wide range of sources. In addition to seeking justice, Donovan wanted to exact retribution for the torture and killing of OSS agents. When Truman named Supreme Court Justice Robert Jackson to serve as chief U.S. counsel in the prosecution of Nazi war criminals, Jackson, discovering that the OSS was the only agency that had seriously explored the issue, invited Donovan to join his trial staff.  On May 17, 1945, Donovan flew to Europe to prepare for the prosecutions, and eventually brought 172 OSS officers onto Jackson's team, interviewing Auschwitz survivors, tracking down SS and Gestapo documents, and uncovering other evidence. Donovan, whose idea it was to hold the trials in Nuremberg, also introduced Jackson to useful foreign officials and even released OSS funds to bankroll the prosecution effort. Eventually, Jackson, who had been a political rival of Donovan's in New York State, considered him a "godsend"; in return for Donovan's help, but also because the OSS had proven "vital for the prosecution team," Jackson lobbied Truman in person to approve o

user: what are the Nuremberg trials?

assistant: prosecution of Nazi war criminals,

user: Did Donovan prosecute the criminals himself?

assistant: invited Donovan to join his trial staff.

user: Who invited him?

assistant: Jackson, discovering that the OSS was the only agency that had seriously explored the issue, invited Donovan

user: Was the prosecution successful?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what were some other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Jackson lobbied Truman in person to approve of Donovan's plans for a permanent postwar intelligence agency.
Título: Ron \Pigpen\" McKernan"
Seção: Grateful Dead
Background: Ronald Charles McKernan (September 8, 1945 - March 8, 1973), known as Pigpen, was an American singer and musician. He was a founding member of the San Francisco band the Grateful Dead and played in the group from 1965 to 1972. McKernan grew up heavily influenced by African-American music, particularly the blues, and enjoyed listening to his father's collection of records and taught himself how to play harmonica and piano. He began socializing around the San Francisco Bay Area, becoming friends with Jerry Garcia.

Conteúdo: Along with Garcia and second guitarist Bob Weir, McKernan was a participant in the predecessor groups leading to the formation of the Grateful Dead, beginning with the Zodiacs and Mother McCree's Uptown Jug Champions. Drummer Bill Kreutzmann was added and the band evolved into the Warlocks. Around 1965, McKernan urged the rest of the Warlocks to switch to electric instruments. Bassist Phil Lesh joined soon after, and they became the Grateful Dead. The group were keen to involve McKernan in the band, as he was the group's original leader and was considered the best singer and frontman.  The Dead's early sets centered around blues and R&B covers chosen by McKernan. By the end of 1966, Garcia had improved his musical skills and wanted to assert himself more as a leader and musical director, changing the band's direction and reducing McKernan's contributions. In 1967, drummer Mickey Hart joined the Grateful Dead, followed by classically trained keyboardist Tom Constanten in 1968, further changing the group's style. Constanten often replaced McKernan on keyboards in the studio, as McKernan found it difficult to adapt to the new material that Garcia and Lesh composed for the band.  In October 1968, McKernan and Weir were nearly fired from the band after Garcia and Lesh believed their playing was holding the band back from lengthy and experimental jamming. Garcia delegated the task of firing them to Rock Scully, who said that McKernan "took it hard." Weir promised to improve, but Mc

user: What was special about the grateful dead?

assistant: The Dead's early sets centered around blues and R&B covers chosen by McKernan. By the end of 1966,
Título: Willie Dixon
Seção: Adulthood
Background: William James Dixon (July 1, 1915 - January 29, 1992) was an American blues musician, vocalist, songwriter, arranger and record producer. He was proficient in playing both the upright bass and the guitar and was a capable singer, but he is perhaps best known as one of the most prolific songwriters of his time. Next to Muddy Waters, Dixon is recognized as the most influential person in shaping the post-World War II sound of the Chicago blues. Dixon's songs have been recorded by countless musicians in many genres as well as by various ensembles in which he participated.

Conteúdo: Dixon left Mississippi for Chicago in 1936. A man of considerable stature, standing 6 and a half feet tall and weighing over 250 pounds, he took up boxing, at which he was successful, winning the Illinois State Golden Gloves Heavyweight Championship (Novice Division) in 1937. He became a professional boxer and worked briefly as Joe Louis's sparring partner, but after four fights he left boxing in a dispute with his manager over money.  Dixon met Leonard Caston at a boxing gym, where they would harmonize at times. Dixon performed in several vocal groups in Chicago, but it was Caston that persuaded him to pursue music seriously. Caston built him his first bass, made of a tin can and one string. Dixon's experience singing bass made the instrument familiar. He also learned to play the guitar.  In 1939, Dixon was a founding member of the Five Breezes, with Caston, Joe Bell, Gene Gilmore and Willie Hawthorne. The group blended blues, jazz, and vocal harmonies, in the mode of the Ink Spots. Dixon's progress on the upright bass came to an abrupt halt with the advent of World War II, when he refused induction into military service as a conscientious objector and was imprisoned for ten months. He refused to go to war because he would not fight for a nation in which institutionalized racism and racist laws were prevalent. After the war, he formed a group named the Four Jumps of Jive. He then reunited with Caston, forming the Big Three Trio, which went on to record for Columbia Records. 

user: what was his adulthood like?

assistant: Dixon performed in several vocal groups in Chicago,

user: who did he sing with?

assistant: In 1939, Dixon was a founding member of the Five Breezes, with Caston, Joe Bell, Gene Gilmore and Willie Hawthorne.

user: did they create an album?

assistant: reunited with Caston, forming the Big Three Trio, which went on to record for Columbia Records.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Caston built him his first bass, made of a tin can and one string. Dixon's experience singing bass made the instrument familiar. He also learned to play the guitar.

user: did he play any other instruments?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER