dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
The Point and Insurance Reduction Program PIRP is a DMV - approved course designed to teach motorists critical information about Highway Safety and Accident Prevention. 

How do I get the insurance premium reduction? 
The course sponsor will mail you a completion certificate within 45 business days after you complete the classroom course or 14 business days after you complete an online course. If you present your certificate to your insurance company or agent within 90 days after course completion , your liability and collision premium reduction will begin immediately, retroactive to the date you completed the course. If you present your certificate more than 90 days after course completion , the insurer may issue the premium discount effective from the date presented. If you do not receive your certificate within eight weeks after completion , immediately contact the program sponsor. You must take the course once every 36 months to maintain insurance reduction benefits. 

Will the PIRP course prevent my insurance company from raising my premiums? 
No. PIRP does not prevent general premium increases, or premium increases due to violations or accidents. It provides a 10% reduction for three years, from the base rate of your current liability, no - fault and collision premiums. 

What if more than one person named on a policy completes the PIRP course? 
Only the principal operator can receive the 10% reduction. 

Will youthful drivers and drivers participating in the assigned risk pool receive the insurance premium discount? 
Yes. Any insured driver who is the principal operator and completes a Point & Insurance Reduction Program course will receive the 10% reduction. 

If a youthful driver is already receiving a driver education reduction, will the PIRP discount also be applied? 
Contact your insurance company or agent to learn if both reductions will be given at the same time. 

Learn how to reduce driving record points. [1] 


user: Can I get a PIRP discount if the youth driver is already receiving driver education reduction?

assistant: Contact your insurance company to ask.
Título: Eddy Merckx
Seção: 1967: Second straight Milan-San Remo and world champion
Background: Edouard Louis Joseph, baron Merckx (Dutch pronunciation: ['merks]; born 17 June 1945), better known as Eddy Merckx, is a Belgian former professional road and track bicycle racer who is widely seen as the most successful rider in the history of competitive cycling. His victories include an unequalled eleven Grand Tours (five Tours of France, five Tours of Italy, and a Tour of Spain), all of the five Monuments, three World Championships, the hour record, every major one-day race other than Paris-Tours, and extensive victories on the track. Born in Meensel-Kiezegem, Brabant, Belgium, he grew up in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre where his parents ran a grocery store. He played several sports, but found his true passion in cycling.

Conteúdo: Merckx opened the 1967 campaign with two stage victories at the Giro di Sardegna. He followed these successes by entering Paris-Nice where he won the second stage and took the race lead. Two stages later, a teammate, Tom Simpson, attacked with several other riders on a climb and was nearly 20 minutes ahead of Merckx, who remained in a group behind. Merckx attacked two days later on a climb 70 km into the stage. He was able to establish a firm advantage, but obeyed orders from his manager to wait for the chasing Simpson. Merckx won the stage, while Simpson secured his overall victory.  On 18 March, Merckx started the Milan-San Remo and was seen as a 120-1 favorite to win the race. He attacked on the Capo Berta and again on the Poggio, leaving only Gianni Motta with him. The two slowed their pace and were joined by two more riders. Merckx won the four-man sprint to the finish. His next victory came in La Fleche Wallonne after he missed out on an early break, caught up to it, and attacked from it to win the race. On 20 May, he started the Giro d'Italia, his first Grand Tour. He won the twelfth and fourteenth stages en route to finishing ninth in the general classification.  He signed with Faema on 2 September for ten years worth 400,000 Belgian francs. He chose to switch over in order to be in complete control over the team he was racing for. In addition, he would not have to pay for various expenses that came with racing such as wheels and tires. The next day, Merckx started th

user: What happened in 1967 for Eddy?

assistant: opened the 1967 campaign with two stage victories at the Giro di Sardegna.

user: Did he have any other victories?

assistant: these successes by entering Paris-Nice where he won the second stage

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Merckx won the four-man sprint to the finish.

user: Has he won any awards or trophies?

assistant: His next victory came in La Fleche Wallonne

user: What else can you tell me about the article?

assistant: Merckx was able to out-sprint Jan Janssen for first place. In doing so, he became the third rider to win the world road race amateur and professional titles.

user: What was the Second Straight Milan?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Renew a business license or registration[1] 


IMPORTANT NOTE FOR DEALERS RENEWING ONLINE: 
Please read the details regarding the new surety bond legislation at: https://dmv.ny.gov/dealers/dealer-surety-bond [2]. 

Renew online 
To renew online , you must have the Facility Number from your Business Certificate see a sample [3 ] Validation Number from your Business Certificate see a sample [3 ] Federal Employer ID Number Social Security Number of the owner, partner or officer Business telephone number and email address Renew a business license or registration online [4 ] 

Recent change of address 
You cannot renew online if the address of the facility has changed and you did not amend the address of the facility. Complete these forms with your new facility address and send them to the DMV Request for Business Amendment / Duplicate Certificate pdf [5] MV-253 G Statement of Ownership and/or Permission to Use Place of Business pdf [6] VS-19 

Owner, partner or officer of the company was convicted of a felony or misdemeanor of forfeited bail 
If an owner, partner or officer of the company that owns or operates the facility has a felony or misdemeanor conviction or forfeit since the last facility certificate renewal , complete the Facility Renewal Application VS-2 and a Statement of Ownership and/or Permission to Use Place of Business pdf [6] VS-19 send it to us by mail. 

Renew by mail 
We will send you a Facility Renewal Application VS-2. Complete the application and send it with a check for your renewal fee to NYS DMV Bureau of Consumer & Facility Services Application Unit P.O. Box 2700 Albany , NY 12220 - 0700 If you don t receive your application , call the Office of Vehicle Safety and Clean Air at 1 - 518 - 474 - 0919. 

Additional information 


License period 
All business registrations and Inspection Station licenses are valid for 2 years. 

Early renewal 
You can renew if the facility certificate Inspection Station license will expire within the next 60 days.

user: I need information about renewing my business license.

assistant: Do you know what your license period is?

user: Yes, I do.

assistant: Great. For future reference, whether a business registration or Inspection station license, it will be valid for 2 years.

user: Thanks for the information. What if I let my business license expire?

assistant: If your business license has been expired for 6 months or less, you can still have it renewed.

user: My business partner was recently convicted of a felony. Will that effect the renewal process?

assistant: Yes. You will need to complete the Facility Renewal Application VS-2, as well as the Statement of Ownership and/or Permission to Use Place of Business form, and send it in the mail.

user: Does it have to be done by mail?

assistant: Yes. It has to be done by mail.

user: Is it possible to renew my business license more than a month before the expiration date?

assistant: Yes. You can renew your Inspection Station license up to 60 days before the expiration.
Título: Bernard Hinault
Seção: 1984-1986: La Vie Claire
Background: Bernard Hinault (pronounced [beR.naR i.no]; born 14 November 1954) is a French former professional cyclist who won the Tour de France five times. He is one of only six cyclists to have won all three Grand Tours, and one of two cyclists to have won each more than once (the other being Alberto Contador). He won the Tour de France in 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982 and 1985. He came second in 1984 and 1986 and won 28 stages, of which 13 were individual time trials.

Conteúdo: In the 1984 Tour de France Fignon won with Hinault second at more than 10 minutes. Disagreements with Guimard led to their separation, and by the mid-1980s Hinault had become associated with the Swiss coach Paul Koechli and the La Vie Claire team. Koechli introduced meditation and relaxation, and these helped Hinault return to the Tour with a victory in 1985. That year he rode much of the race with a black eye after a crash. In 1985 Hinault's lieutenant Greg LeMond was under pressure from Koechli and his team manager to support Hinault and not try for victory. Years later, LeMond claimed in an interview that they had lied about his lead over Hinault in a mountain stage, forcing him to lose several minutes and his chance of victory.  Hinault also rode the 1986 Tour, ostensibly to return LeMond's favor of the previous year and help him win. Hinault rode an aggressive race, which he insisted was to demoralize rivals. He claimed his tactics were to wear down opponents and that he knew LeMond would win. Laurent Fignon and Urs Zimmermann were put on the defensive from the first day. Fignon quit due to injuries aggravated by stress. In the Alpe d'Huez stage Hinault mounted an early attack that gained a lot of time. LeMond then chased down Hinault and eventually took the yellow jersey from his teammate. LeMond was later quoted as feeling betrayed by Hinault's tactics.  Hinault gained more than 200 victories in 12 years. He won the Giro d'Italia in 1980, 1982 and 1985, and the Vuelta 

user: What is La Vie Claire?

assistant: mid-1980s Hinault had become associated with the Swiss coach Paul Koechli and the La Vie Claire team.

user: What did he do in 1984?

assistant: In the 1984 Tour de France Fignon won with Hinault second at more than 10 minutes.

user: Did he have any victories with the new team?

assistant: Koechli introduced meditation and relaxation, and these helped Hinault return to the Tour with a victory in 1985.

user: Did he have any other win during this time frame?

assistant: LeMond claimed in an interview that they had lied about his lead over Hinault in a mountain stage, forcing him to lose several minutes and his chance of victory.

user: Did he have any injuries that prevented him from racing?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What else happened in the article?

assistant: Hinault gained more than 200 victories in 12 years.
Título: MxPx
Seção: Tooth & Nail and Rock City (2007-present)
Background: MxPx is an American punk rock band from Bremerton, Washington founded in 1992 as Magnified Plaid. The band has skate punk leanings, with connections to the pop punk scene. Current members include Mike Herrera on lead vocals and bass guitar, Yuri Ruley on drums and percussion, Tom Wisniewski on lead guitar and backing vocals and Chris Adkins on rhythm guitar and backing vocals. The band's discography includes nine studio albums, four EPs, four compilation albums, a live album, a VHS tape, a DVD and 20 singles.

Conteúdo: MxPx released the full-length album Secret Weapon in 2007, the band's first release on its original label Tooth & Nail since 1996's Life in General. The album debuted at No. 76 on the Billboard 200; it also went to No. 1 on the Billboard's Christian chart. The album's sound goes back to the group's beginning sound.  In 2009, the released a six-song EP entitled Left Coast Punk EP, which was the first record released by Rock City Recording Company, MxPx's own record label. Also in 2009, the group released a Christmas album, titled Punk Rawk Christmas. In late 2009, Mike Herrera teamed up with frontman of The Ataris, Kris Roe and the drummer of The Summer Obsession, Chris Wilson (formerly of Good Charlotte) for the MxPx All Stars tour in Japan and Malaysia.  The band released a documentary entitled Both Ends Burning on December 1, 2011. In addition, Mike, Tom, and Yuri were working on their ninth studio album. On December 19, 2011, the band announced that the album would be called Plans Within Plans. It was released on April 3, 2012. In 2012, drummer Yuri Ruley announced his retirement from touring, but said that the band was not breaking up and that the group would continue to write and record new material together.  In honor of the 20th anniversary of the album, the band released the re-recorded version of Life in General free of charge for a limited time only on September 18, 2016. As of 2016, Chris Adkins is a second guitarist and touring musician. CANNOTANSWER

user: What is Tooth and Nail?

assistant: MxPx released the full-length album Secret Weapon in 2007, the band's first release on its original label Tooth & Nail since 1996's Life in General.

user: What is Rock City?

assistant: In 2009, the released a six-song EP entitled Left Coast Punk EP, which was the first record released by Rock City Recording Company, MxPx's own record label.

user: Did they have another one released by Rock City?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did they get any awards?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did they release any hits?

assistant: it also went to No. 1 on the Billboard's Christian chart.

user: What went to #1 of the Christian Billboard's chart?

assistant: the full-length album Secret Weapon

user: Did they put out any other albums?

assistant: in 2009, the group released a Christmas album, titled Punk Rawk Christmas.
I received a suspension order for an unsatisfied judgment related to a motor vehicle accident, collision or crash. What do I need to do? 
To remove a suspension related to an unsatisfied judgment , you must resolve the judgment. If you were notified that there is an unsatisfied judgment suspension on your record you must contact the attorney or court that issued the judgment. The information on the suspension order will advise you of the name of the court and the court index number for the judgment. The DMV cannot clear the suspension without proof from the court. Once you receive the original documentation from the court or attorney , you must send the original documents to DMV for clearance. If you do not know which court to contact , you can call the NY State DMV Insurance Services Bureau. See Contact us [1]. 

How do I get an unsatisfied judgment against another motorist? 
To get an unsatisfied judgment against a motorist as a result of a motor vehicle accident, collision or crash , you must file a Supporting Affirmation PDF [2] SR-60 and the other documents listed on the affirmation SR-60. 

Will the DMV suspend the driver license and all of the registrations of a person who has an unsatisfied judgment against them? 
Yes. The DMV will suspend the license and registrations if the person fails to pay or satisfy a judgment of more than $1,000 and the judgment is related to a motor vehicle accident, collision or crash which causes property damage, bodily injury or death. The DMV will also suspend all vehicle registrations of the company the privilege to register another vehicle 

user: I received a suspension order for an unsatisfied judgment related to a motor vehicle accident, collision or crash. What do I need to do?

assistant: want to remove a suspension related to an unsatisfied bug?

user: yes

assistant: you must first solve the judgment

user: Will the DMV suspend the driver license and all of the registrations of a person who has an unsatisfied judgment against them?

assistant: Yes.The DMV will suspend the license and registrations if the person fails to pay or satisfy a judgment of more than $ 1,000 and the judgment is related to a motor vehicle accident , collision or crash which causes property damage , bodily injury or death

user: How do I get an unsatisfied judgment against another motorist?

assistant: you have an unsatisfied judgment against a motorist as a result of a car accident, collision or crash

user: To get an unsatisfied judgment against a motorist as a result of a motor vehicle accident , collision or crash

user: If I don't know which court to contact

assistant: you can call the NY State DMV Insurance Services Bureau. See Contact us
The law requires an adjustment to your monthly Medicare Part B medical insurance and Medicare prescription drug coverage premiums. This affects less than five percent of people with Medicare. Most people don t pay higher premiums. 

If You Have a Higher Income 
If you have higher income , you ll pay an additional premium amount for Medicare Part B and Medicare prescription drug coverage. We call the additional amount the income - related monthly adjustment amount. Here s how it works : Part B helps pay for your doctors services and outpatient care. It also covers other medical services, such as physical and occupational therapy, and some home health care. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a substantial portion about 75 percent of the Part B premium , and the beneficiary pays the remaining 25 percent. If we determine you re a higher - income beneficiary , you ll pay a larger percentage of the total cost of Part B based on the income you normally report to the Internal Revenue Service IRS. You ll pay monthly Part B premiums equal to 35 , 50 , 65 , 80, or 85 percent of the total cost, depending on what you report to the IRS. Medicare prescription drug coverage helps pay for your prescription drugs. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a major portion of the total costs for this coverage , and the beneficiary pays the rest. Prescription drug plan costs vary depending on the plan, and whether you get the Extra Help, also known as the subsidy, with your portion of the Medicare prescription drug coverage costs. If you re a higher - income beneficiary with Medicare prescription drug coverage , you ll pay monthly premiums plus an additional amount, which is based on what you report to the IRS. Because individual plan premiums vary , the law specifies that the amount is determined using a base premium. We tie the additional amount you pay to the base beneficiary premium, not your own premium amount. If you re a higher - income beneficiary , we deduct this a

user: Hello, I would like to know what to do If I do not agree with your decision

assistant: If you disagree with our decision about monthly adjustment amounts related to your income?
Título: William Cullen
Seção: Medical teaching
Background: Cullen was born in Hamilton, Lanarkshire. His father William was a lawyer retained by the Duke of Hamilton as factor, and his mother was Elizabeth Roberton of Whistlebury. He studied at the Old Grammar School of Hamilton (renamed in 1848 The Hamilton Academy), then, in 1726, began a General Studies arts course at the University of Glasgow. He began his medical training as apprentice to John Paisley, a Glasgow apothecary surgeon, then spent 1729 as surgeon on a merchant vessel trading between London and the West Indies.

Conteúdo: According to Rocca, Cullen was known for systemizing and promoting medical knowledge rather than producing original research. Despite the lack of original work, some believed that Cullen's attempt to organize existing knowledge was actually a sign of his "practical sagacity" as a practitioner. He was a lecturer for more than forty years. In order to understand Cullen's medical teaching at the time, it is important to understand Cullen's conception of "system" as he taught it in his classes. Cullen described a system as "an organised body of opinions on particular topics in the medical curriculum." He also referred to system as the principles in his book First Lines of the Practice of Physic. There were many possible reasons behind Cullen's emphasis of the system of medicine. In the 18th century, a period of Scottish Enlightenment, there were competing theories about the mechanisms of the human body and the causes of diseases proposed by different professors, who competed for students' teaching fees. Thus, having an underlying system of medical knowledge was a practical way to organize the knowledge coherently for the students.  Like many prominent medical figures in the 18th century, William Cullen took a great interest in the nervous system. He defined the nervous system as an "animated machine" whose main function is to "perform a variety of motions," communicate and interact with "external bodies." Cullen believed that the nervous system was composed of four elements: the 

user: where did he receive medical teaching?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where did he teach?

assistant: in his book First Lines of the Practice of Physic.

user: when did he write that book?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: how was the book received?

assistant: Cullen's influential teachings on medical knowledge and his attempt to systematize and generalize medical knowledge were integral parts of 18th century Scottish Enlightenment.

user: how was it integral to the scottish enlightenment?

assistant: Like many prominent medical figures in the 18th century, William Cullen took a great interest in the nervous system.
Título: Bobby Jones (golfer)
Seção: Sportsmanship
Background: Robert Tyre Jones Jr. (March 17, 1902 - December 18, 1971) was an American amateur golfer who was one of the most influential figures in the history of the sport; he was also a lawyer by profession. Jones founded and helped design the Augusta National Golf Club, and co-founded the Masters Tournament. The innovations that he introduced at the Masters have been copied by virtually every professional golf tournament in the world. Jones was the most successful amateur golfer ever to compete at a national and international level.

Conteúdo: Jones was not only a consummately skilled golfer but exemplified the principles of sportsmanship and fair play. In the first round of the 1925 U.S. Open at the Worcester Country Club near Boston, his approach shot to the 11th hole's elevated green fell short into the deep rough of the embankment. As he took his stance to pitch onto the green, the head of his club brushed the grass and caused a slight movement of the ball. He took the shot, then informed his playing partner Walter Hagen and the USGA official covering their match that he was calling a penalty on himself. Hagen was unable to talk him out of it, and they continued play. After the round and before he signed his scorecard, officials argued with Jones but he insisted that he had violated Rule 18, moving a ball at rest after address, and took a 77 instead of the 76 he otherwise would have carded. Jones' self-imposed one-stroke penalty eventually cost him the win by a stroke in regulation, necessitating a playoff, which he then lost. Although praised by many sports writers for his gesture, Jones was reported to have said, "You might as well praise me for not robbing banks."  A similar event occurred in the next U.S. Open, played at the Scioto Country Club in Columbus, Ohio. In the second round, after his opening round put him in second place, Jones was putting on the 15th green in the face of a strong wind. After grounding his putter during address to square up the club face, the ball rolled a half turn in the wind wh

user: Was Jones known for any particular reason in the sporting world as having good sportsmanship?

assistant: Jones' self-imposed one-stroke penalty eventually cost him the win by a stroke in regulation, necessitating a playoff, which he then lost.

user: Does Jones hold any records?

assistant: Jones was not only a consummately skilled golfer but exemplified the principles of sportsmanship and fair play.

user: Did Jones contribute to any charitable organizations?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: When did Jones retire?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
How To Apply Online For Just Medicare 
You can apply online for Medicare even if you are not ready to retire. Use our online application to sign up for Medicare. It takes less than 10 minutes. In most cases , once your application is submitted electronically , you re done. There are no forms to sign and usually no documentation is required. Social Security will process your application and contact you if we need more information. Otherwise , you ll receive your Medicare card in the mail. Learn more about your Medicare card. Apply for Medicare Only Return to Saved Application|Check Application Status|Replace Medicare Card Medicare is managed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS. Social Security works with CMS by enrolling people in Medicare. For more information about applying for Medicare only and delaying retirement benefits , visit Applying for Medicare Only Before You Decide. To find out what documents and information you need to apply , go to the Checklist For The Online Medicare, Retirement, And Spouses Application. 

New Medicare Cards 
To help protect your identity , Medicare has sent you a new Medicare card. Your new card will have a new Medicare Number that s unique to you, instead of your Social Security Number. If you did not receive your new Medicare card , there may be something that needs to be corrected, like your mailing address. You can update your mailing address by logging in to or creating your personal my Social Security account. 

Learn about Medicare 
Medicare is our country s health insurance program for people age 65 or older. Certain people younger than age 65 can qualify for Medicare, too, including those with disabilities and those who have permanent kidney failure. To learn more , read our Medicare publication. 

Already Enrolled in Medicare 
If you already have Medicare , you can get information and services online. Find out how to manage your benefits. If you already have Medicare Part A and wish to sign up for Medic

user: How doI apply?

assistant: You can apply online for Medicare even if you are not ready to retire .

user: Can I apply for both?


assistant:  When you apply for Medicare ,you can sign up for Part A Hospital Insurance and Part B Medical Insurance

user: what happens when I finish?


assistant: When you are finished  just select Submit Now to send your application to Social Security .

user: Am I eligible at 65?

assistant: your initial enrollment period begins three months before your 65th birthday , includes the month you turn age 65 , and ends three months after that birthday
Título: Curtis Mayfield
Seção: The Impressions
Background: Curtis Mayfield was born on June 3, 1942 in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Marion Washington and Kenneth Mayfield, one of five children. Mayfield's father left the family when Curtis was five; his mother (and maternal grandmother) moved the family into several Chicago public housing projects before settling in Cabrini-Green during his teen years. Mayfield attended Wells Community Academy High School before dropping out his sophomore year. His mother taught him piano and, along with his grandmother, encouraged him to enjoy gospel music.

Conteúdo: Mayfield's career began in 1956 when he joined the Roosters with Arthur and Richard Brooks and Jerry Butler. Two years later the Roosters, now including Sam Gooden, became the Impressions. The band had two hit singles with Butler, "For Your Precious Love" and "Come Back My Love", then Butler left. Mayfield temporarily went with him, co-writing and performing on Butler's next hit, "He Will Break Your Heart", before returning to the Impressions with the group signing for ABC Records and working with the label's Chicago-based producer/A&R manager, Johnny Pate.  Butler was replaced by Fred Cash, a returning original Roosters member, and Mayfield became lead singer, frequently composing for the band, starting with "Gypsy Woman", a Top 20 Pop hit. Their hit "Amen" (Top 10), an updated version of an old gospel tune, was included in the soundtrack of the 1963 United Artists film Lilies of the Field, which starred Sidney Poitier. The Impressions reached the height of their popularity in the mid-to-late-'60s with a string of Mayfield compositions that included "Keep On Pushing," "People Get Ready", "It's All Right" (Top 10), the up-tempo "Talking about My Baby"(Top 20) and "Woman's Got Soul".  He formed his own label, Curtom Records in Chicago in 1968 and the Impressions joined him to continue their run of hits including "Fool For You," "This is My Country", "Choice Of Colors" and "Check Out Your Mind." Mayfield had written much of the soundtrack of the Civil Rights Movement in the ear

user: When was The Impressions formed?

assistant: Two years later the Roosters, now including Sam Gooden, became the Impressions.

user: What year was that?

assistant: Mayfield's career began in 1956 when he joined the Roosters with Arthur and Richard Brooks and Jerry Butler. Two years later

user: When did The Impressions get a recording contract?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did they play around in Chicago?

assistant: He formed his own label, Curtom Records in Chicago in 1968
Título: Kwame Nkrumah
Seção: Convention People's Party
Background: Kwame Nkrumah PC (21 September 1909 - 27 April 1972) was a Ghanaian politician and revolutionary. He was the first prime minister and president of Ghana, having led it to independence from Britain in 1957. An influential advocate of Pan-Africanism, Nkrumah was a founding member of the Organization of African Unity and winner of the Lenin Peace Prize in 1962. After twelve years abroad pursuing higher education, developing his political philosophy, and organizing with other diasporic pan-Africanists, Nkrumah returned to Gold Coast to begin his political career as an advocate of national independence.

Conteúdo: Beginning in April 1949, there was considerable pressure on Nkrumah from his supporters to leave the UGCC and form his own party. On 12 June 1949, he announced the formation of the Convention People's Party (CPP), with the word "convention" chosen, according to Nkrumah, "to carry the masses with us." There were attempts to heal the breach with the UGCC; at one July meeting, it was agreed to reinstate Nkrumah as secretary and disband the CPP. But Nkrumah's supporters would not have it, and persuaded him to refuse the offer and remain at their head.  The CPP adopted the red cockerel as its symbol - a familiar icon for local ethnic groups, and a symbol of leadership, alertness, and masculinity. Party symbols and colours (red, white, and green) appeared on clothing, flags, vehicles, and houses. CPP operatives drove red-white-and-green vans across the country, playing music and rallying public support for the party and especially for Nkrumah. These efforts were wildly successful, especially because previous political efforts in the Gold Coast had focused exclusively on the urban intelligentsia.  The British convened a selected commission of middle-class Africans, including all of the Big Six except Nkrumah, to draft a new constitution that would give Ghana more self-government. Nkrumah saw, even before the commission reported, that its recommendations would fall short of full dominion status, and began to organise a Positive Action campaign. Nkrumah demanded a constituent assembly

user: when did this start

assistant: Beginning in April 1949, there was considerable pressure on Nkrumah from his supporters to leave
Título: British Band
Seção: Prelude to war
Background: The British Band was a mixed-nation group of Native Americans commanded by the Sauk leader Black Hawk, which fought against Illinois and Michigan Territory militias during the 1832 Black Hawk War. The band was composed of about 1,500 men, women, and children from the Sauk, Meskwaki, Fox, Kickapoo, Potawatomi, Ho-Chunk, and Ottawa nations; about 500 of that number were warriors. Black Hawk had an alliance with the British that dated from the War of 1812, giving them their colloquial name. The band crossed the Mississippi River from Iowa into Illinois in an attempt to reclaim their homeland and in violation of several treaties.

Conteúdo: Despite opposition by Keokuk and the US authorities, Black Hawk's band returned to Saukenuk in 1830 following their winter hunt. A year later they returned again, and Illinois Governor John Reynolds proclaimed it an "invasion of the state."  Responding to Illinois Governor John Reynolds' call, General Edmund Pendleton Gaines brought his federal troops from St. Louis, Missouri to Saukenuk to insist on Black Hawk's immediate departure. Black Hawk left but soon returned to the west side of the Mississippi, threatened by Gaines' troops and an additional 1,400 militia called up by Reynolds on 25 June 1831. On 30 June, Black Hawk and the chiefs of the British Band were forced to sign a surrender agreement in which they promised to remain west of the Mississippi.  At the end of 1831, stories spread throughout the settlements of the Upper Mississippi River Valley that the British planned to aid Black Hawk in the event of a war with the white settlers. According to U.S. Indian Agent Felix St. Vrain, a known ne'er-do-well named Billy Caldwell had delivered a message to the Sauk which reported the alleged British intentions. The New Galenian of Galena reported that Black Hawk's band would receive aid and ammunition from the British, and the tale was widely believed. The militia commander at Fort Armstrong, Major John Bliss, informed General Henry Atkinson of the rumor, and said a follower of Keokuk had reported to him that Black Hawk and Neapope were holding talks with bands of Potawato

user: What was the prelude to war?

assistant: A year later they returned again, and Illinois Governor John Reynolds proclaimed it an "invasion of the state."

user: How did they react to that?

assistant: Responding to Illinois Governor John Reynolds' call, General Edmund Pendleton Gaines brought his federal troops from St. Louis, Missouri to Saukenuk
Título: Robin Cook
Seção: Leader of the House of Commons
Background: Robin Cook was born in the County Hospital, Bellshill, Scotland, the only son of Peter and Christina Cook (nee Lynch). His father was a Chemistry teacher who grew up in Fraserburgh, and his grandfather was a miner before being blacklisted for being involved in a strike. Cook was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and, from 1960, the Royal High School in Edinburgh. At first, Cook intended to become a Church of Scotland minister, but lost his faith as he discovered politics.

Conteúdo: Cook became known as a brilliant parliamentary debater, and rose through the party ranks, becoming a frontbench spokesman in 1980, and reaching the Shadow Cabinet in June 1983, as spokesperson on European affairs. He was campaign manager for Neil Kinnock's successful 1983 bid to become leader of the Labour Party. A year later he was made party campaign co-ordinator but in October 1986 Cook was surprisingly voted out of the shadow cabinet. He was re-elected in July 1987 and in October 1988 elected to Labour's National Executive Committee. He was one of the key figures in the modernisation of the Labour Party under Kinnock. He was Shadow Health Secretary (1987-92) and Shadow Trade Secretary (1992-94), before taking on foreign affairs in 1994, the post he would become most identified with (Shadow Foreign Secretary 1994-97, Foreign Secretary 1997-2001).  In 1994, following the death of John Smith, he ruled himself out of contention for the Labour leadership, apparently on the grounds that he was "insufficiently attractive" to be an election winner, although two close family bereavements in the week in which the decision had to be made may have contributed.  On 26 February 1996, following the publication of the Scott Report into the 'Arms-to-Iraq' affair, he made a speech in response to the then President of the Board of Trade Ian Lang in which he said "this is not just a Government which does not know how to accept blame; it is a Government which knows no shame". His parliamentar

user: what did he do with house of commons?

assistant: he was responsible for reforming the hours and practices of the Commons and for leading the debate on reform of the House of Lords.

user: what changes did he help make?

assistant: his efforts to reform the House of Lords and to persuade his ministerial colleagues, including Tony Blair, to distance the Labour Government from the foreign policy of the Bush administration.

user: who else did he work with?

assistant: Tony Blair
Título: Donald Trump
Seção: Ancestry and parents
Background: Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States, in office since January 20, 2017. Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. Trump was born and raised in the New York City borough of Queens, and earned an economics degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. He took over his family's real estate business in 1971, renamed it The Trump Organization, and expanded it to involve the construction and renovation of skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses.

Conteúdo: Trump's ancestors originated from the German village of Kallstadt in the Palatinate on his father's side, and from the Outer Hebrides in Scotland on his mother's side. All of his grandparents and his mother were born in Europe.  Trump's paternal grandfather, Friedrich Trump, first emigrated to the United States in 1885 at the age of 16 and became a citizen in 1892. He amassed a fortune operating boom-town restaurants and boarding houses in the Seattle area and the Klondike region of Canada during its gold rush. On a visit to Kallstadt, he met Elisabeth Christ and married her in 1902. The couple permanently settled in New York in 1905. Frederick died from influenza during the 1918 pandemic.  Trump's father Fred was born in 1905 in The Bronx. Fred started working with his mother in real estate when he was 15, shortly after his father's death. Their company, Elizabeth Trump & Son, was primarily active in the New York boroughs of Queens and Brooklyn. Fred eventually built and sold thousands of houses, barracks, and apartments. The company was later renamed The Trump Organization, after Donald Trump took charge in 1971.  Trump's mother Mary Anne was born in Tong, Lewis, Scotland. At age 18 in 1930, she emigrated to New York, where she worked as a maid. Fred and Mary were married in 1936 and raised their family in Queens.  Trump's uncle John was an electrical engineer, physicist, and inventor. He worked as a professor at MIT from 1936 to 1973. During World War II, he was involved i

user: Who is Donald Trump?

assistant: Trump's paternal grandfather, Friedrich Trump, first emigrated to the United States in 1885

user: What are Trump's parents like?

assistant: Trump's father Fred was born in 1905 in The Bronx. Fred started working with his mother in real estate when he was 15,

user: Is Trump like his parents?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where is Trump from?

assistant: Fred and Mary were married in 1936 and raised their family in Queens.
Título: Mumford & Sons
Seção: Early years (2007-2009)
Background: Mumford & Sons are a British band formed in 2007. The band consists of Marcus Mumford (lead vocals, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, drums), Ben Lovett (vocals, keyboard, piano, synthesizer), Winston Marshall (vocals, electric guitar, banjo) and Ted Dwane (vocals, bass guitar, double bass). Mumford & Sons have released three studio albums: Sigh No More (2009), Babel (2012) and Wilder Mind (2015).

Conteúdo: Mumford & Sons were formed in December 2007 by multi-instrumentalists Marcus Mumford, Ben Lovett, Winston Marshall and Ted Dwane. Band members play acoustic guitar, drums, keyboard instruments, bass guitar, and traditional folk instruments such as banjo, mandolin and resonator guitar. The band name originates from Marcus Mumford being the most visible member, organizing the band and their performances. Lovett indicated that the name was meant to invoke the sense of an "antiquated family business name".  A handful of similar bands were increasing their visibility in West London around the same time, giving rise to the label "West London folk scene". Mumford downplays that characterisation as an exaggeration--Mumford & Sons and a few other folk acts just happened to be operating in the same general area at the time. In an interview with the Herald Sun, Marcus Mumford said, "It's not folk really. Well, some of it is, and it's certainly not a scene. Someone got over-excited about a few bands who live in a hundred-mile radius and put it in a box to sell it as a package. It's a community, not a scene. It's not exclusive." Having developed in the same musical and cultural environment, Mumford & Sons' sound has been compared to that of artists such as Noah and the Whale, Johnny Flynn and Laura Marling, whose backing band had included Marshall, Mumford, and Dwane.  In early 2008, the band began working with manager Adam Tudhope, who, as part of management company Everybody's, also rep

user: Where there any hits released in 2007?

assistant: Love Your Ground which took a year to complete and was released in November 2008
Título: Richard Pipes
Seção: Criticism of Pipes' approach
Background: Richard Edgar Pipes (born July 11, 1923) is a Polish-American academic who specializes in Russian history, particularly with respect to the Soviet Union, who espoused a strong anti-communist point of view throughout his career. In 1976 he headed Team B, a team of analysts organized by the Central Intelligence Agency who analyzed the strategic capacities and goals of the Soviet military and political leadership. Pipes is the father of American historian and expert on American foreign policy and the Middle East, Daniel Pipes. Pipes was born to a Jewish family in Cieszyn, Poland, which fled the country as refugees after it was invaded by Nazi Germany.

Conteúdo: The writings of Richard Pipes have provoked criticism in the scholarly community, for example in The Russian Review.  Criticism of Pipes's interpretation of the events of 1917 has come mostly from "revisionist" Soviet historians, who under the influence of the French Annales school, have tended since the 1970s to center their interpretation of the Russian Revolution on social movements from below in preference to parties and their leaders and interpreted political movements as responding to pressures from below rather than directing them. Among members of this school, Lynne Viola and Sheila Fitzpatrick claim that Pipes has focused too narrowly on intellectuals as causal agents. Peter Kenez (a one-time PhD student of Pipes') argued that Pipes has approached Soviet History as a prosecutor, intent solely on proving the criminal intent of the "defendant" to the exclusion of anything else. Pipes' critics argued that his historical writings perpetuated the Soviet Union as "evil empire" narrative in an attempt "to put the clock back a few decades to the times when Cold War demonology was the norm".  Other critics have written that Pipes writes at length about what Pipes describes as Lenin's "unspoken" assumptions and conclusions, while neglecting what Lenin actually said. Alexander Rabinowitch writes that whenever a document can serve Pipes' long-standing crusade to demonize Lenin, Pipes will comment on it at length; if the document allows Lenin to be seen in a less negative light, 

user: Who criticized Richard Pipes' approach?

assistant: Criticism of Pipes's interpretation of the events of 1917 has come mostly from "revisionist" Soviet historians,

user: Who was Richard Pipes?

assistant: The writings of Richard Pipes have provoked criticism in the scholarly community, for example in The Russian Review.
Título: Rick Santorum
Seção: Tenure
Background: Richard John Santorum (born May 10, 1958) is an American attorney, author, politician, and CNN Senior Political Commentator. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1995 to 2007 and was the Senate's third-ranking Republican from 2001 to 2007. He ran as a candidate for the 2012 Republican Party presidential nomination, finishing second to Mitt Romney. Santorum was elected as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania in 1994.

Conteúdo: Santorum served in the United States Senate representing Pennsylvania from 1995 to 2007. From 2001 until 2007, he was the Senate's third-ranking Republican. He was first elected to the Senate during the 1994 Republican takeover, narrowly defeating incumbent Democrat Harris Wofford, 49% to 47%. The theme of Santorum's 1994 campaign signs was "Join the Fight!" During the race, he was considered an underdog, as his opponent was 32 years his senior. He was reelected in 2000, defeating U.S. Congressman Ron Klink by a 52-46% margin. In his reelection bid of 2006, he lost to Democrat Bob Casey, Jr. by a 59-41% margin.  After his election to the Senate in 1994, Santorum sought to "practice what [he] preached" and hired five people for his staff who were on welfare, food stamps, or other government aid.  In 1996, Santorum served as Chairman of the Republican Party Task Force on Welfare Reform, and contributed to legislation that became the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act. Santorum was an author and the floor manager of the bill. In 1996, Santorum endorsed moderate Republican Arlen Specter in his short-lived campaign for president. Reporters have observed that though Santorum and Specter differed on social policy, Specter provided him with key political staff for his successful run in 1994.  The National Taxpayers Union, a fiscal conservative organization, gave Santorum an "A-" score for his votes on fiscal issues, meaning that he was one of "the strongest supporters o

user: When did Santorum get into politics?

assistant: Santorum served in the United States Senate representing Pennsylvania from 1995 to 2007.

user: What role was he in 1995?

assistant: He was first elected to the Senate during the 1994 Republican takeover, narrowly defeating incumbent Democrat Harris Wofford, 49% to 47%.

user: What was his first notable accomplishment as a senator?

assistant: hired