dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
A school aid offer (sometimes called an award letter) tells you what financial aid you can receive at a particular college or career school. 
If you ve applied to several schools , be sure to compare aid offers to see which school will be the most affordable. If you listed a school on your Free Application for Federal Student Aid FAFSA You might get a tentative aid offer from a school and then find that it changes later. This could happen for a variety of reasons, such as if you indicated that you plan to live on campus when you submitted your FAFSA form but then later decided to live off campus or if you are selected for verification. Because your financial aid package is created for you and is based on the cost of attending a particular school , your aid amounts will vary from school to school. 

Figuring Out Net Price 
Follow these easy steps to figure out your net price, or net cost, for each school, and find out which school will be most affordable for you. First , find the cost of attendance for your program on the aid offer. If the school doesn t list the cost of attendance on the aid offer , ask the financial aid office for this figure. Make sure it includes amounts you will pay to the school directly such as tuition and fees as well as other costs such as living expenses, books and supplies, and transportation. Next , subtract the grant and scholarship amounts on your aid offer from the cost of attendance amount. Also subtract any savings you have available to put toward your school costs for the school year. The remaining amount is your net or out - of - pocket cost. Compare the net costs for the schools you are considering. The net cost is the amount you will have to pay out of your pocket, using earnings from work or loan funds that you borrow. If you have any questions or don t understand what s in your aid offer , contact the financial aid office at the school. They re there to help! For instance , it s important to understand what you re being offer

user: Hello, I would like to know what a school aid offer is


assistant: have you applied to various schools?


user: yes

assistant: if so be sure to compare the help offers to see which school will be the most affordable.


user: and could it happen that you receive an offer of provisional help from a school and then find out what changes later?


assistant: Yes, this could happen for a variety of reasons, such as if you indicated that you plan to live on campus when you submitted your FAFSA but then decided to live off campus or if you are selected for verification.


user: and the aid can vary?


assistant: Because your financial aid package is created for you and is based on the cost of attending a particular school, your aid amounts will vary from school to school.


user: and how can i calculate the net price?


assistant: Follow these simple steps to calculate your net price, or net cost, for each school, and find out which school will be most accessible to you.
Find and apply for as many scholarships as you can it s free money for college or career school! 
Start researching early, and meet deadlines , and you may be on your way to scholarship success. Scholarships are gifts. They don't need to be repaid. There are thousands of them, offered by schools, employers, individuals, private companies, nonprofits, communities, religious groups, and professional and social organizations. 

What kinds of scholarships are available? 
Some scholarships for college are merit - based. You earn them by meeting or exceeding certain standards set by the scholarship - giver. Merit scholarships might be awarded based on academic achievement or on a combination of academics and a special talent, trait, or interest. Other scholarships are based on financial need. Many scholarships are geared toward particular groups of people ; for instance, there are scholarships for women or graduate students. And some are available because of where you or your parent work, or because you come from a certain background for instance, there are scholarships for military families. A scholarship might cover the entire cost of your tuition , or it might be a one - time award of a few hundred dollars. Either way , it s worth applying for, because it ll help reduce the cost of your education. 

How do I find scholarships? 
You can learn about scholarships in several ways, including contacting the financial aid office at the school you plan to attend and checking information in a public library or online. But be careful. Make sure scholarship information and offers you receive are legitimate; and remember that you don't have to pay to find scholarships or other financial aid. Check out our information on how to avoid scams. Try these free sources of information about scholarships : the financial aid office at a college or career school a high school or TRIO counselor the U.S. Department of Labor s FREE scholarship search tool your state grant agency your library 

user: Hi I need help on how to find and apply for scholarships, can you only have one scholarship or many?

assistant: You can get more than one scholarship. You should start researching early and make sure you meet deadlines that are part of applying for scholarships.
Título: Sam & Dave
Seção: Early years
Background: Sam & Dave were an American soul and R&B duo who performed together from 1961 until 1981. The tenor (higher) voice was Sam Moore (born 1935) and the baritone/tenor (lower) voice was Dave Prater (1937-1988). Sam & Dave are members of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Grammy Hall of Fame, the Vocal Group Hall of Fame, the Memphis Music Hall of Fame, and are Grammy Award and multiple gold record award-winning artists.

Conteúdo: Sam Moore and Dave Prater's early musical backgrounds involved listening to and singing gospel music in their homes and churches, and in Dave's case, also singing gospel in the choir in his church. Dave later sang with his older brother JT Prater in the gospel group The Sensational Hummingbirds, who recorded "Lord Teach Me" in the 1950s. Sam recorded "Nitey-Nite"/"Caveman Rock" in 1954 with the doo-wop group The Majestics, and later sang with the gospel groups The Gales and The Mellonaires. Moore and Prater listed Jackie Wilson and Sam Cooke as influences on their styles, and Moore was also influenced by Little Willie John, whom he and Dave opened for often in the early 1960s.  Sam & Dave met working the gospel music circuit, and later in small clubs in Miami during amateur nights in 1961 according to Dave. They sang together one night at the King of Hearts club, and started working together immediately thereafter, developing a live act featuring gospel-inspired call-and-response. Soul singer and record producer Steve Alaimo discovered them while performing during the same show with them at the King of Hearts nightclub in Miami and signed them to Marlin Records.  After two singles in early 1962 were released on the local Marlin label owned by Miami's Henry Stone, Stone helped sign them to Roulette Records in New York City. They released six 45s from 1962-1964 (two were re-releases of Marlin recordings) with Roulette, and one single on Stone and Alaimo's Alston Label. A few of

user: When did they meet?

assistant: in 1961

user: how did they meet?

assistant: working the gospel music circuit, and later in small clubs in Miami during amateur nights

user: what did they do early in their career?

assistant: two singles in early 1962 were released on the local Marlin label owned by Miami's Henry Stone,
Título: Skip James
Seção: Rediscovery and legacy
Background: Nehemiah Curtis "Skip" James (June 9, 1902 - October 3, 1969) was an American Delta blues singer, guitarist, pianist and songwriter. His guitar playing is noted for its dark, minor-key sound, played in an open D-minor tuning with an intricate fingerpicking technique. James first recorded for Paramount Records in 1931, but these recordings sold poorly, having been released during the Great Depression, and he drifted into obscurity. After a long absence from the public eye, James was "rediscovered" in 1964 by blues enthusiasts, helping further the blues and folk music revival of the 1950s and early 1960s.

Conteúdo: For the next thirty years, James recorded nothing and performed sporadically. He was virtually unknown to listeners until about 1960. In 1964, blues enthusiasts John Fahey, Bill Barth, and Henry Vestine found him in a hospital in Tunica, Mississippi. According to Calt, the "rediscovery" of both James and Son House at virtually the same time was the start of the blues revival in the United States. In July 1964 James and other rediscovered musicians appeared at the Newport Folk Festival. Several photographs by the blues promoter Dick Waterman captured this performance, James's first in over 30 years. After that James recorded for Takoma Records, Melodeon Records, and Vanguard Records and performed at various engagements until his death in 1969.  More of James's recordings have been available since his death than were available during his lifetime. His 1931 recordings and several of his recordings and concerts from the 1960s have been reissued on numerous compact discs, in and out of print. His songs were not initially recorded as frequently as those of other rediscovered blues musicians. However, the British rock band Cream recorded "I'm So Glad", providing James with the only windfall of his career. Subsequently, Cream's adaptation was recorded by other groups. James' "22-20" inspired for the name for the English group 22-20s and the British post-rock band Hope of the States released a song partially about the life of James, entitled "Nehemiah", which reached number 30 on the 

user: when was he redicovered?

assistant: He was virtually unknown to listeners until about 1960.

user: what happened in 1960?

assistant: In 1964, blues enthusiasts John Fahey, Bill Barth, and Henry Vestine found him in a hospital in Tunica, Mississippi.
Título: Dave Holland
Seção: The 1990s and 2000s
Background: Dave Holland (born 1 October 1946) is an English jazz double bassist, composer and bandleader who has been performing and recording for five decades. He has lived in the United States for over 40 years. His work ranges from pieces for solo performance to big band. Holland runs his own independent record label, Dare2, which he launched in 2005.

Conteúdo: During the 1990s, Holland renewed an affiliation, begun in the 1970s, with Joe Henderson, joining the tenor saxophonist on So Near (So Far), a tribute to Miles Davis, and Porgy & Bess. Holland also reunited with vocalist Betty Carter, touring and recording the live album Feed the Fire (1993). Fellow Davis alumnus Herbie Hancock invited Holland to tour with him in 1992, subsequently recording The New Standard. Holland joined Hancock's band again in 1996. He was also part of the sessions for River: The Joni Letters, winner of the 2008 Grammy Award for Album of the Year.  As a leader, Holland formed his third quartet and released Dream of the Elders (1995), which introduced the vibraphonist Steve Nelson to his ensembles. Holland formed a quintet that includes tenor saxophonist Chris Potter, trombonist Robin Eubanks and, a more recent addition, drummer Nate Smith. Their recordings include Points of View, Prime Directive, Not for Nothin, Extended Play: Live at Birdland and Critical Mass. In addition to releasing four quintet albums on ECM, Holland debuted his Big Band, which released What Goes Around in 2002. The album won Holland his first Grammy as a leader, in the Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album category. The second Big Band recording, Overtime (2005), again won the Grammy in the Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album category; it was released on Holland's Dare2 label, which he formed that year.  In 2009, Holland was a co-founder of an all-star group called the Overtone Quartet. The gro

user: What is the significance of this time frame for him?

assistant: During the 1990s, Holland renewed an affiliation, begun in the 1970s, with Joe Henderson,

user: What did the two do together?

assistant: Henderson, joining the tenor saxophonist on So Near (So Far), a tribute to Miles Davis, and Porgy & Bess.

user: Did he put out any albums in this time?

assistant: Holland also reunited with vocalist Betty Carter, touring and recording the live album Feed the Fire (1993).

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Fellow Davis alumnus Herbie Hancock invited Holland to tour with him in 1992, subsequently recording The New Standard.

user: How was his music received by critics?

assistant: He was also part of the sessions for River: The Joni Letters, winner of the 2008 Grammy Award for Album of the Year.

user: Are there any other notable achievements?

assistant: Overtime (2005), again won the Grammy in the Best Large Jazz Ensemble Album category;
Benefits Planner: Retirement 


Benefits For Your Spouse 
Even if you have never worked under Social Security , you may be able to get spouse s retirement benefits if you are at least 62 years of age and your spouse is receiving retirement or disability benefits. You can also qualify for Medicare at age 65. If you are divorced , you may still be able to get benefits on your ex - spouse's record. For information on the requirements for Divorced Spouse's Benefits , read " If You Are Divorced You can receive the spouse's benefit no matter what your age is if you are caring for their child who is also receiving benefits. 

How Much Will I Receive? 
If you qualify and apply for your own retirement benefits and for benefits as a spouse , we always pay your own benefits first. If your benefits as a spouse are higher than your own retirement benefits , you will get a combination of benefits equaling the higher spouse benefit. If you begin receiving benefits : between age 62 and your full retirement age , the amount will be permanently reduced by a percentage based on the number of months up to your full retirement age. If you are under full retirement age and you continue to work while receiving benefits , your benefits may be affected by the retirement earnings test. at your full retirement age , your benefit as a spouse cannot exceed one - half of your spouse's full retirement amount. If you were born before January 2 , 1954 and have already reached full retirement age , you can choose to receive only the spouse s benefit and delay receiving your retirement benefit until a later date. If your spouse is full retirement age and applying for spouse s benefits only , they can apply online by using the retirement application. Your spouse can also contact us to schedule an appointment. If your spouse s birthday is January 2 , 1954 or later , the option to take only one benefit at full retirement age no longer exists. If your spouse files for one benefit , they will be effecti

user: I need to plan for retirement 

assistant: Are these benefits for you spouse?

user: Yes I need to get spouse retirement benefits

assistant: Do you  need to know how much you will receive?
The Point and Insurance Reduction Program PIRP is a DMV - approved course designed to teach motorists critical information about Highway Safety and Accident Prevention. 

How do I get the insurance premium reduction? 
The course sponsor will mail you a completion certificate within 45 business days after you complete the classroom course or 14 business days after you complete an online course. If you present your certificate to your insurance company or agent within 90 days after course completion , your liability and collision premium reduction will begin immediately, retroactive to the date you completed the course. If you present your certificate more than 90 days after course completion , the insurer may issue the premium discount effective from the date presented. If you do not receive your certificate within eight weeks after completion , immediately contact the program sponsor. You must take the course once every 36 months to maintain insurance reduction benefits. 

Will the PIRP course prevent my insurance company from raising my premiums? 
No. PIRP does not prevent general premium increases, or premium increases due to violations or accidents. It provides a 10% reduction for three years, from the base rate of your current liability, no - fault and collision premiums. 

What if more than one person named on a policy completes the PIRP course? 
Only the principal operator can receive the 10% reduction. 

Will youthful drivers and drivers participating in the assigned risk pool receive the insurance premium discount? 
Yes. Any insured driver who is the principal operator and completes a Point & Insurance Reduction Program course will receive the 10% reduction. 

If a youthful driver is already receiving a driver education reduction, will the PIRP discount also be applied? 
Contact your insurance company or agent to learn if both reductions will be given at the same time. 

Learn how to reduce driving record points. [1] 


user: Can I get the PIRP discount if a young driver is already getting an education discount?

assistant: It is best to contact your insurance company and their policies for this matter.

assistant: You can find out more info here:  Learn how to reduce driving record points. [1

user: Ok thank you so much

user: are there any preventions of fees being increased? 

assistant: Unfortunately for that, there are not. 

user: When will I get certificates of completion?

assistant: Congrats! he course sponsor will mail you a completion certificate within 45 business days after you complete the classroom course or 14 business days after you complete an online course .

user: Will my insurance company have more information on the reductions I may receive?

assistant: Yes it is best to contact your insurance company for this matter
Master Promissory Note (MPN) for Graduate/Professional Students 
The MPN is a legal document in which you promise to repay your loan and any accrued interest and fees to the U.S. Department of Education. It also explains the terms and conditions of your loan .Graduate / professional students may be eligible for both Direct Unsubsidized Loans and Direct PLUS Loans, which have different MPNs. You may receive more than one loan under an MPN over a period of up to 10 years to pay for your educational costs, as long as the school is authorized to use the MPN in this way and chooses to do so. Your school will tell you which loans, if any, you are eligible to receive. 

MPN for Subsidized and Unsubsidized Loans 
Use this MPN for Direct Unsubsidized Loans available to eligible graduate / professional students. You may also need to complete an MPN for Direct PLUS Loans. Download PDF Preview Read Only LOG IN TO START View Demo 

MPN for Direct PLUS Loans 
Use this MPN for Direct PLUS Loans available to eligible graduate / professional students. You may also need to complete an MPN for Direct Unsubsidized Loans. Download PDF Preview Read Only LOG IN TO START View Demo 

Who should complete this? 


30 Minutes 


How long will it take? 


What do I need? 
Verified username and password FSA ID School Name Permanent/Mailing Address Contact Information Employer Information Reference Information Return to the MPN Selection Page Close Yes Close Yes 

user: Hi, i have some loans and were offered to sign something called Master Promissory Note, What's that?

assistant: The Master Note is just a document you sign in order to promise that you'll repay your loans and any accrued interest. It also explain terms and conditions of the loan.

user: I see, and to get one you have to go through certain procedures and give some information, right?

assistant: Yes. Information like your school name, mailing address or contact information are between the requested data.

user: And that MPN is just for graduate students, or anyone else can us it?

assistant: Graduate students and Professional students, are totally eligible.

user: And that goes for the different types of loans, like Subsidized and Unsubsidized? 

assistant: That's right. It applies for both types of loans.

user: And of course, i guess it applies for those Direct Plus Loans you mentioned earlier.

assistant: Totally right. It is also valid in that type of loan.

assistant: Do you want to know who has to go through the procedures to get a MPN?
The law requires an adjustment to your monthly Medicare Part B medical insurance and Medicare prescription drug coverage premiums. This affects less than five percent of people with Medicare. Most people don t pay higher premiums. 

If You Have a Higher Income 
If you have higher income , you ll pay an additional premium amount for Medicare Part B and Medicare prescription drug coverage. We call the additional amount the income - related monthly adjustment amount. Here s how it works : Part B helps pay for your doctors services and outpatient care. It also covers other medical services, such as physical and occupational therapy, and some home health care. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a substantial portion about 75 percent of the Part B premium , and the beneficiary pays the remaining 25 percent. If we determine you re a higher - income beneficiary , you ll pay a larger percentage of the total cost of Part B based on the income you normally report to the Internal Revenue Service IRS. You ll pay monthly Part B premiums equal to 35 , 50 , 65 , 80, or 85 percent of the total cost, depending on what you report to the IRS. Medicare prescription drug coverage helps pay for your prescription drugs. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a major portion of the total costs for this coverage , and the beneficiary pays the rest. Prescription drug plan costs vary depending on the plan, and whether you get the Extra Help, also known as the subsidy, with your portion of the Medicare prescription drug coverage costs. If you re a higher - income beneficiary with Medicare prescription drug coverage , you ll pay monthly premiums plus an additional amount, which is based on what you report to the IRS. Because individual plan premiums vary , the law specifies that the amount is determined using a base premium. We tie the additional amount you pay to the base beneficiary premium, not your own premium amount. If you re a higher - income beneficiary , we deduct this a

user: Hello, do I need information about the steps to file a tax return?

assistant: To carry out such a process, it is essential to know the monthly adjustment amounts related to income.

user: How can such amounts be taken out?

assistant: For this purpose we use the data for the fiscal year.

user: Can you expand that information more please?

assistant: It is important that you call or visit any local Social Security office.

user: What does establishing the monthly adjustment amount consist of?

assistant: It consists of establishing the additional amount by adjusting the monthly income.

user: What if a federal tax return was filed?

assistant: You must submit a signed copy of the statement.

user: What would happen if you modified your tax return?

assistant: It is important that you contact us to make the respective changes.
Título: Bretons
Seção: Historical origins of the Bretons
Background: The Bretons (Breton: Bretoned, Breton pronunciation: [bre'tonet]) are an ethnic group located in the region of Brittany in France. They trace much of their heritage to groups of Brittonic speakers who immigrated from southwestern Great Britain, particularly Cornwall and Devon, to expand their territory onto the continent. They also descend in some parts from Vikings. They migrated in waves from the 3rd to 9th century (most heavily from 450-600) into Armorica, which was subsequently named Brittany after them.

Conteúdo: In the late 4th century, large numbers of British auxiliary troops in the Roman army may have been stationed in Armorica. The 9th-century Historia Brittonum states that the emperor Magnus Maximus, who withdrew Roman forces from Britain, settled his troops in the province. Nennius and Gildas mention a second wave of Britons settling in Armorica in the following century to escape the invading Anglo-Saxons and Scoti. Modern archaeology also supports a two-wave migration.  It is generally accepted that the Brittonic speakers who arrived gave the region its current name as well as the Breton language, Brezhoneg, a sister language to Welsh and Cornish.  There are numerous records of Celtic Christian missionaries migrating from Britain during the second wave of Breton colonisation, especially the legendary seven founder-saints of Brittany as well as Gildas. As in Cornwall, many Breton towns are named after these early saints. The Irish saint Columbanus was also active in Brittany and is commemorated accordingly at Saint-Columban in Carnac.  In the Early Middle Ages, Brittany was divided into three kingdoms -- Domnonee, Cornouaille (Kernev), and Bro Waroc'h (Broerec) -- which eventually were incorporated into the Duchy of Brittany. The first two kingdoms seem to derive their names from the homelands of the migrating tribes in Britain, Cornwall (Kernow) and Devon (Dumnonia). Bro Waroc'h ("land of Waroch", now Bro Gwened) derives from the name of one of the first known Breton rulers, w

user: what were the historical origins of the bretons?

assistant: In the late 4th century, large numbers of British auxiliary troops in the Roman army may have been stationed in Armorica.

user: what is reason to believe this?

assistant: The 9th-century Historia Brittonum states that the emperor Magnus Maximus, who withdrew Roman forces from Britain, settled his troops in the province.

user: what is the most important fact in this article?

assistant: Bretons were the most prominent of the non-Norman forces in the Norman conquest of England.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: A number of Breton families were of the highest rank in the new society and were tied to the Normans by marriage.
Título: Sun Ra
Seção: New York phase
Background: Sun Ra (born Herman Poole Blount, legal name Le Sony'r Ra; May 22, 1914 - May 30, 1993) was an American jazz composer, bandleader, piano and synthesizer player, and poet known for his experimental music, "cosmic" philosophy, prolific output, and theatrical performances. For much of his career, Ra led "The Arkestra", an ensemble with an ever-changing name and flexible line-up. Born and raised in Alabama, Blount eventually became involved in the Chicago jazz scene during the 1940s. He soon abandoned his birth name, taking the name Sun Ra (after Ra, the Egyptian God of the Sun) and developing a complex persona and mythology that would make him a pioneer of Afrofuturism: he claimed he was an alien from Saturn on a mission to preach peace, and throughout his life he consistently denied any ties to his prior identity.

Conteúdo: After the move to New York, Sun Ra and company plunged headlong into the experimentalism that they had only hinted at in Chicago. The music was often extremely loud and the Arkestra grew to include multiple drummers and percussionists. In recordings of this era, Ra began to use new technologies--such as extensive use of tape delay--to assemble spatial sound pieces that were far removed from earlier compositions such as Saturn. Recordings and live performances often featured passages for unusual instrumental combinations, and passages of collective playing that incorporated free improvisation. It is often difficult to tell where compositions end and improvisations begin.  In this era, Sun Ra began conducting using hand and body gestures. This system inspired cornetist Butch Morris, who later developed his own more highly refined way to conduct improvisers.  Though often associated with avant-garde jazz, Sun Ra did not believe his work could be classified as "free music": "I have to make sure that every note, every nuance, is correct... If you want to call it that, spell it p-h-r-e, because ph is a definite article and re is the name of the sun. So I play phre music - music of the sun."  Seeking to broaden his compositional possibilities, Sun Ra insisted all band members double on various percussion instruments - predating world music by drawing on various ethnic musical forms - and most saxophonists became multireedists, adding instruments such as flutes, oboes, or clarinets t

user: What was the new york phase

assistant: After the move to New York, Sun Ra and company plunged headlong into the experimentalism

user: what is expermentalism

assistant: The music was often extremely loud and the Arkestra grew to include multiple drummers and percussionists.
Título: Sérgio Mendes
Seção: Middle career
Background: Sergio Santos Mendes (Portuguese pronunciation: ['seRZju 'satuZ 'medZiS]; born February 11, 1941) is a Brazilian musician. He has over 55 releases, and plays bossa nova heavily crossed with jazz and funk. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 2012 as co-writer of the song "Real in Rio" from the animated film Rio. Mendes is married to Gracinha Leporace, who has performed with him since the early 1970s.

Conteúdo: Mendes' career in the U.S. stalled in the mid-1970s, but he remained very popular in South America and Japan. His two albums with Bell Records in 1973 and 1974 followed by several for Elektra from 1975 on, found Mendes continuing to mine the best in American pop music and post-Bossa writers of his native Brazil, while forging new directions in soul with collaborators like Stevie Wonder, who wrote Mendes' R&B-inflected minor hit, "The Real Thing."  In 1983, he rejoined Alpert's A&M records and enjoyed huge success with a self-titled album and several follow-up albums, all of which received considerable adult contemporary airplay with charting singles. "Never Gonna Let You Go", featuring vocals by Joe Pizzulo and Leza Miller, equalled the success of his 1968 single "The Look of Love" by reaching No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart; it also spent four weeks atop the Billboard adult contemporary chart. In 1984 he recorded the Confetti album, which had the hit songs "Olympia", which was also used as a theme song for the Olympic games that year and "Alibis". The '80s also found Mendes working with singer Lani Hall again on the song "No Place to Hide" from the Brasil '86 album, and as producer of her vocals on the title song for the James Bond film Never Say Never Again.  By the time Mendes released his Grammy-winning Elektra album Brasileiro in 1992, he was the undisputed master of pop-inflected Brazilian jazz. The late-1990s lounge music revival brought retrospection and respect 

user: What albums did he do

assistant: self-titled album and several follow-up albums,

user: Did he have any hit songs

assistant: "Never Gonna Let You Go
Título: Public Image Ltd
Seção: Early career
Background: Public Image Ltd (abbreviated as PiL) are an English post-punk band formed by singer John Lydon (a.k.a. Johnny Rotten), guitarist Keith Levene, bassist Jah Wobble, and drummer Jim Walker. The group's personnel has changed frequently over the years; Lydon has been the sole constant member. Following his departure from the Sex Pistols in January 1978, Lydon was eager to pursue a more experimental project and formed PiL. Later that year, the group released its debut First Issue (1978), featuring an abrasive, bass-heavy sound and drawing on elements of dub, noise, and progressive rock. Their second album Metal Box (1979) pushed their sound further into the avant-garde, and is often regarded as one of the most important albums of the post-punk era.

Conteúdo: Following the Sex Pistols' break-up in 1978, photographer Dennis Morris suggested that Lydon travel to Jamaica with him and Virgin Records head Richard Branson, where Branson would be scouting for emerging reggae musicians. Branson also flew American band Devo to Jamaica, aiming to install Lydon as lead singer in the band. Devo declined the offer.  Upon returning to England, Lydon approached Jah Wobble (ne John Wardle) about forming a band together. The pair had been friends since the early 1970s when they attended the same school in Hackney (both belonged to a circle of friends Lydon informally dubbed "The Gang of Johns" - John Lydon, John Wardle, John Gray, and John Simon Ritchie, a.k.a. Sid Vicious). Lydon and Wobble had previously played music together during the final days of the Sex Pistols. Both had similarly broad musical tastes, and were avid fans of reggae and world music. Lydon assumed, much as he had with Sid Vicious, that Wobble would learn to play bass guitar as he went. Wobble would prove to be a natural talent. Lydon also approached guitarist Keith Levene, with whom he had toured in mid-1976, while Levene was a member of the Clash. Lydon and Levene had both considered themselves outsiders even within their own bands. Jim Walker, a Canadian student newly arrived in the UK, was recruited on drums, after answering an ad placed in Melody Maker.  PiL began rehearsing together in May 1978, although the band was still unnamed. In July 1978, Lydon officially named the

user: What was one of their early works?

assistant: The Gang of Johns" -

user: When did the band form?

assistant: 1976,

user: What performances did they have?

assistant: in the UK,
Plead to or pay TVB tickets[1] 
If you have a Traffic Violations Bureau TVB traffic ticket that was issued in New York City , you can plead' Guilty' and pay tickets answerable to TVB 1 plead' Not Guilty' and schedule a TVB hearing online, over the phone or in a TVB office 2 pay tickets with a guilty decision change an earlier' Not Guilty' plea to a' Guilty' for tickets that do not require your appearance 3 re - schedule a' Not Guilty' hearing one time 4 request to be notified by email when your traffic ticket has been entered into our system 5 request TVB schedule or re - schedule your tickets if no dates are available We do not handle parking violations, red light camera tickets, criminal driving violations for example, DWI or tickets answerable in a local court. 

You will need your 
TVB traffic ticket number [2] 6 and either DMV ID Number [3] Client ID Number from your New York State license, permit, or non - driver ID full name , date of birth , as they appear on the traffic ticket and gender if your license is from another state 

Online 
You can plead or pay your ticket now or schedule your hearing online. 

Your traffic ticket must 
display the words' Traffic Violations Bureau' at the bottom see a sample ticket [2 ] be an' open' ticket unresolved Please note that in some cases it can take several days for a ticket to be reported to the DMV. If you are certain that the information you entered is correct , please continue to check this every few days. If you have further questions , please call the Traffic Violations Bureau at 718 488 - 5710. If your address has changed and you plead Not Guilty to one or more traffic tickets , you must provide your new address so we can send you a Notice of Hearing in the mail. This will not update your other DMV records. Learn how to change your address on your license or registrations [4]. If your name has changed and you plead Not Guilty to one or more traffic tickets , the DMV will send you a Notice of Hearing to you with

user: I need additional information to pay for TVB tickets

assistant: pleading guilty to a violation that results in 5 or more points?

user: yes

assistant:  If you have 3 or more alcohol - related convictions on your entire driving record ,

user: if it is my case how do I do?

assistant: a plea of guilty to a violation that results in 5 or more points may result in the revocation of your license under Part 132 of the Commissioner 's Regulations.  You may want to consult with an attorney before you enter your plea .

user: is also my case how do I do?

assistant: You may want to consult with an attorney before you enter your plea

user: which is the topic


assistant: Tickets 

user: how to file a guilty plea

assistant: your traffic ticket must already be in our system
Título: George Martin
Seção: Early years
Background: Sir George Henry Martin  (3 January 1926 - 8 March 2016) was an English record producer, arranger, composer, conductor, audio engineer, and musician. He was referred to as the "Fifth Beatle", including by Paul McCartney, in reference to his extensive involvement on each of the Beatles' original albums. Martin produced 30 number-one hit singles in the United Kingdom and 23 number-one hits in the United States. Martin produced comedy and novelty records in the early 1950s, working with Peter Sellers, Spike Milligan, and Bernard Cribbins, among others.

Conteúdo: Martin was born in Highbury, London. When he was six, Martin's family acquired a piano that sparked his interest in music. At eight years of age, Martin persuaded his parents, Henry and Betha Beatrice (nee Simpson) Martin, that he should take piano lessons, but those ended after only eight lessons because of a disagreement between his mother and the teacher.  As a child, he attended several schools, including a "convent school in Holloway", St Joseph's School (Highgate), and at St Ignatius' College (Stamford Hill), where he had won a scholarship. When WWII broke out, and St. Ignatius College students were evacuated to Welwyn Garden City, his family left London, and he was enrolled at Bromley Grammar School.  I remember well the very first time I heard a symphony orchestra. I was just in my teens when Sir Adrian Boult brought the BBC Symphony Orchestra to my school for a public concert. It was absolutely magical. Hearing such glorious sounds I found it difficult to connect them with ninety men and women blowing into brass and wooden instruments or scraping away at strings with horsehair bows.  Despite Martin's continued interest in music, and "fantasies about being the next Rachmaninov", he did not initially choose music as a career. He worked briefly as a quantity surveyor, and later for the War Office as a Temporary Clerk (Grade Three), which meant filing paperwork and making tea.  In 1943, when he was 17, he joined the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy and became an aerial ob

user: Where was Martin born?

assistant: Martin was born in Highbury, London.

user: When did he get into music?

assistant: When he was six, Martin's family acquired a piano that sparked his interest in music.

user: What other music education did he have early on?

assistant: he should take piano lessons, but those ended after only eight lessons because of a disagreement between his mother and the teacher.

user: Where did he go to school?

assistant: As a child, he attended several schools, including a "convent school in Holloway", St Joseph's School (Highgate), and at St Ignatius' College (Stamford Hill), where he had won a scholarship.
Título: Doctor Doom
Seção: Creation and development
Background: Dr. Victor Von Doom (commonly known as Doctor Doom, or simply Doom) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The son of a Romani witch, Von Doom has been depicted as a supervillain, the archenemy of the Fantastic Four, and the leader of the fictional nation called Latveria. While his chief opponents have been the Fantastic Four, he has also come into conflict with Spider-Man, Iron Man, Black Panther, and multiple others. Von Doom has also been depicted as a superhero, being the third character to take up the mantle of Iron Man and joining the Avengers.

Conteúdo: Like many of Marvel's Silver Age characters, Doom was conceived by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. With the Fantastic Four title performing well, Lee and Kirby were trying to dream up a "soul-stirring...super sensational new villain." Looking for a name, Lee latched onto "Doctor Doom" as "eloquent in its simplicity -- magnificent in its implied menace."  Due to the rush to publish, the character was not given a full origin story until Fantastic Four Annual #2, two years after his debut.  Jack Kirby modelled Doom after Death, with the armor standing in for that character's skeleton; "It was the reason for the armor and the hood. Death is connected with armor and the inhuman-like steel. Death is something without mercy, and human flesh contains that mercy." Kirby further described Doom as being "paranoid", wrecked by his twisted face and wanting the whole world to be like him. Kirby went on to say that although "Doom is an evil person, but he's not always been evil. He was [respected]...but through a flaw in his own character, he was a perfectionist." At one point in the 1970s, Kirby drew his interpretation of what Doom would look like under the mask, giving Doom only "a tiny scar on his cheek." Due to this slight imperfection, Doom hides his face not from the world, but from himself. To Kirby, this is the motivation for Doom's vengeance against the world; because others are superior due to this slight scar, Doom wants to elevate himself above them. Typical of Lee's writing characteri

user: Who created him?

assistant: Doom was conceived by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby.

user: Around what year was this?

assistant: 1970s,

user: How was he developed?

assistant: Jack Kirby modelled Doom after Death, with the armor standing in for that character's skeleton; "It was the reason for the armor and the hood.

user: What other characteristics did they develop?

assistant: Kirby further described Doom as being "paranoid", wrecked by his twisted face and wanting the whole world to be like him.
Título: Don Hutson
Seção: Early years and college
Background: Donald Montgomery Hutson (January 31, 1913 - June 26, 1997) was a professional American football player and assistant coach in the National Football League (NFL). He played as a split end and spent his entire eleven-year professional career with the Green Bay Packers. Under head coach Curly Lambeau, Hutson led the Packers to four NFL Championship Games, winning three: 1936, 1939, and 1944.

Conteúdo: Hutson was born on January 31, 1913, in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, one of three sons of Roy B. Hutson and Mabel Clark Hutson. While a Boy Scout, he played with snakes. He said that's where he got his quickness and agility. As a teenager Hutson played baseball for Pine Bluff's town team. As a senior at Pine Bluff High School he was an all-state basketball player, which he said was his favorite sport. "I'm like most [athletes]," he said. "I'd rather see football, but I'd rather play basketball." Hutson played one year of football at Pine Bluff.  Hutson played at end for coach Frank Thomas's Alabama Crimson Tide football team from 1932 to 1934. Bear Bryant, future long-time coach of the Tide, was the self-described "other end" on the Tide in 1933 and 1934. Bryant once remarked, "...he was something to see even then. We'd hitchhike to Pine Bluff just to watch him play. I saw him catch five touchdown passes in one game in high school."  Sportswriter Morgan Blake ranked the undefeated 1934 Tide as the best team he ever saw. Hutson's College Football Hall of Fame profile reads: "Fluid in motion, wondrously elusive with the fake, inventive in his patterns and magnificently at ease when catching the ball ... Hutson and fellow Hall of Famer Millard "Dixie" Howell became football's most celebrated passing combination." Hutson had six catches for 165 yards, including two touchdowns of 54 and 59 yards in the 1935 Rose Bowl against Stanford. He also scored the winning touchdown over Robert Neyl

user: When was he born ?

assistant: Hutson was born on January 31, 1913,

user: What high School did he graduated from ?

assistant: Pine Bluff High School

user: Did he go to college ?

assistant: Hutson played at end for coach Frank Thomas's Alabama Crimson Tide football team from 1932 to 1934.

user: Did he win any award in college ?

assistant: In an attempt to name retroactive Heisman Trophy winners before its first year of 1936, Hutson was awarded it for 1934 by the National Football Foundation.

user: Who was his father ?

assistant: one of three sons of Roy B. Hutson

user: Who was his mother ?

assistant: Mabel Clark Hutson.

user: Where did he live when he was younger ?

assistant: Pine Bluff, Arkansas,

user: What was the first job he had?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: The Jay Leno Show
Seção: Industry impact
Background: The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno. Premiering on NBC on September 14, 2009, the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9, 2010. The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show--specifically, Jay Leno's incarnation of The Tonight Show, opening with a comedic monologue, followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments. Sketches from The Tonight Show (including Headlines and Jaywalking) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show, along with new sketches.

Conteúdo: NBC became the first large United States network to broadcast the same show every weekday during prime time since ABC's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? marathons in 1999 and only the second since DuMont aired Captain Video and His Video Rangers from 1949 to 1955. More recently, the upstart MyNetwork TV had attempted, upon its launch in 2006, to air the same telenovelas every night of the week, a programming strategy that proved to be very unsuccessful. NBC's executives called the decision "a transformational moment in the history of broadcasting" and "in effect, launching five shows." An industry observer said that Leno, "in all my years, is the biggest risk a network has ever taken." According to former NBC president Fred Silverman, "If the Leno Show works, it will be the most significant thing to happen in broadcast television in the last decade."  Although NBC had not developed a new hit show at 10 pm in years, industry executives criticized the network for abandoning a history of airing quality dramas at that hour such as Hill Street Blues, St. Elsewhere, and ER, which made NBC "the gold standard for sophisticated programming . . . the No. 1 network for affluent and well-educated young viewers" during the 1980s and 1990s. In addition, critics predicted that the decision would hurt NBC by undermining a reputation built on successful scripted shows. Other networks believed NBC's decision created an opportunity, and planned their 2009-2010 schedules accordingly. For example, 

user: What was the industry impact?

assistant: NBC became the first large United States network to broadcast the same show every weekday during prime time since ABC's Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?

user: When did that begin?

assistant: in 1999

user: Was the show well received?

assistant: " An industry observer said that Leno, "in all my years, is the biggest risk a network has ever taken."

user: What made it a risk?

assistant: According to former NBC president Fred Silverman, "If the Leno Show works, it will be the most significant thing to happen in broadcast television in the last decade."

user: Did Leno replace another talk show?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What else did you find interesting?

assistant: The January 29, 2010 issue of Entertainment Weekly listed the show at the top of a list of the 50 Biggest Bombs in television history.

user: Why?

assistant: The comment made by the network executives about "launching five shows" was ultimately transformed into the joke that its removal was like "cancelling five shows