dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Bhagat Singh
Seção: Assembly case trial
Background: Bhagat Singh, a Sandhu Jat, was born in 1907 to Kishan Singh and Vidyavati at Chak No. 105 GB, Banga village, Jaranwala Tehsil in the Lyallpur district of the Punjab Province of British India. His birth coincided with the release of his father and two uncles, Ajit Singh and Swaran Singh, from jail. His family members were Sikhs; some had been active in Indian Independence movements, others had served in Maharaja Ranjit Singh's army.

Conteúdo: According to Neeti Nair, associate professor of history, "public criticism of this terrorist action was unequivocal." Gandhi, once again, issued strong words of disapproval of their deed. Nonetheless, the jailed Bhagat was reported to be elated, and referred to the subsequent legal proceedings as a "drama". Singh and Dutt eventually responded to the criticism by writing the Assembly Bomb Statement:  We hold human life sacred beyond words. We are neither perpetrators of dastardly outrages ... nor are we 'lunatics' as the Tribune of Lahore and some others would have it believed ... Force when aggressively applied is 'violence' and is, therefore, morally unjustifiable, but when it is used in the furtherance of a legitimate cause, it has its moral justification.  The trial began in the first week of June, following a preliminary hearing in May. On 12 June, both men were sentenced to life imprisonment for: "causing explosions of a nature likely to endanger life, unlawfully and maliciously." Dutt had been defended by Asaf Ali, while Singh defended himself. Doubts have been raised about the accuracy of testimony offered at the trial. One key discrepancy concerns the automatic pistol that Singh had been carrying when he was arrested. Some witnesses said that he had fired two or three shots while the police sergeant who arrested him testified that the gun was pointed downward when he took it from him and that Singh "was playing with it." According to the India Law Journal, which belie

user: What happened during his trial?

assistant: The trial began in the first week of June, following a preliminary hearing in May.

user: What was he on trial for?

assistant: "causing explosions of a nature likely to endanger life, unlawfully and maliciously."

user: How did the trial go?

assistant: Doubts have been raised about the accuracy of testimony offered at the trial.

user: What else happened during the trial?

assistant: One key discrepancy concerns the automatic pistol that Singh had been carrying when he was arrested. Some witnesses said that he had fired two or three shots while

user: What did other witnesses say concerning the gun?

assistant: while the police sergeant who arrested him testified that the gun was pointed downward when he took it from him and that Singh "was playing with it."

user: What else happened during the trial?

assistant: According to the India Law Journal, which believes that the prosecution witnesses were coached, these accounts were incorrect and Singh had turned over the pistol himself.

user: What else did the trial cover?

assistant: Singh was given a life sentence.
Título: Joe Biden
Seção: Characteristics as senator
Background: Biden was born on November 20, 1942, at St. Mary's Hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania, to Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Biden (nee Finnegan) and Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden Sr. He was the first of four siblings in a Catholic family, with a sister, Valerie, and two brothers, James and Frank, following. His mother was of Irish descent, with roots variously attributed to County Louth or County Londonderry. His paternal grandparents, Mary Elizabeth (Robinette) and Joseph H. Biden, an oil businessman from Baltimore, Maryland, were of English, French, and Irish ancestry.

Conteúdo: On August 27, 1966, while Biden was still a law student, he married Neilia Hunter. They overcame her parents' initial reluctance for her to wed a Roman Catholic, and the ceremony was held in a Catholic church in Skaneateles. They had three children, Joseph R. "Beau" Biden III in 1969, Robert Hunter in 1970, and Naomi Christina in 1971.  During 1968, Biden clerked for six months at a Wilmington law firm headed by prominent local Republican William Prickett and, as he later said, "thought of myself as a Republican". He disliked the conservative racial politics of incumbent Democratic Governor of Delaware Charles L. Terry and supported a more liberal Republican, Russell W. Peterson, who defeated Terry in 1968. The local Republicans tried to recruit him, but he resisted due to his distaste for Republican presidential candidate Richard Nixon, and registered as an Independent instead.  In 1969, Biden resumed practicing law in Wilmington, first as a public defender and then at a firm headed by Sid Balick, a locally active Democrat. Balick named him to the Democratic Forum, a group trying to reform and revitalize the state party, and Biden switched his registration to Democrat. He also started his own firm, Biden and Walsh. Corporate law, however, did not appeal to him and criminal law did not pay well. He supplemented his income by managing properties.  Later in 1969, Biden ran as a Democrat for the New Castle County Council on a liberal platform that included support for public hou

user: What are Joe's characteristics as senator?

assistant: characterized Biden as "self-confident" and "compulsively ambitious".

user: Was Joe likable as senator?

assistant: "Biden is the kind of fundamentally happy person who can be as generous toward others as he is to himself."

user: Does Joe have a lot of friends in politics?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: When did he become senator?

assistant: 1969,

user: What State was he the Senator for?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did he get re-elected as senator?

assistant: Biden was re-elected

user: Does his peers have good things to say about him?

assistant: he's a great street pol.
Título: Stan Kenton
Seção: Artistry in Rhythm
Background: Stan Kenton was born on December 15, 1911 in Wichita, Kansas; he also had two sisters (Beulah and Erma Mae) born three and eight years after him. His parents, Floyd and Stella Kenton, had moved the family back to Colorado, then, finally in 1924 to the Greater Los Angeles Area, settling in suburban Bell, California. Kenton attended Bell High School; his high school yearbook picture has the prophetic notation "Old Man Jazz". Kenton started learning piano as a teen from a local pianist and organist.

Conteúdo: When composer/arranger Pete Rugolo joined the Stan Kenton Orchestra as staff arranger in late 1945 he brought with him his love of jazz, Stravinsky and Bartok. Given free rein by Kenton, he experimented constantly, creating a sound that was at the same time innovative and popular. Although Kenton himself was already creating somewhat experimental scores prior to Rugolo's tenure, it was Rugolo who brought to the band the extra-jazz influences and the ultra-experimental approach that were to dominate the band through much of its existence.  During his first six months on the staff Rugolo tried to copy Kenton's sound. But on encouragement from the leader, he explored his own voice. By incorporating compositional techniques borrowed from the modern classical music he had studied, with the dramatic excitement of the Kenton sound, Rugolo helped catapult the Kenton band into one of its most fertile and creative periods.  After a string of mostly arrangements, Rugolo turned out three originals that Kenton featured on the band's first album in 1946: (Artistry in Rhythm): "Artistry in Percussion", "Safranski" and "Artistry in Bolero". Added to this mix came "Machito", "Rhythm Incorporated", "Monotony" and "Interlude" in early 1947 (though some were not recorded until later in the year). These compositions, along with June Christy's voice, came to define the Artistry in Rhythm band.  It was during this period that Cuban rhythms started infiltrating the Kenton sound. Rugolo's 1946 compos

user: What was Artistry in Rhythm?

assistant: Rugolo turned out three originals that Kenton featured on the band's first album in 1946: (Artistry in Rhythm):

user: What were the three originals?

assistant: ): "Artistry in Percussion", "Safranski" and "Artistry in Bolero".

user: Which single was the biggest hit?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was Artistry in Rhythm successful?

assistant: These compositions, along with June Christy's voice, came to define the Artistry in Rhythm band.

user: Who was June Christy?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: The Artistry in Rhythm outfit was a powerful band, with outstanding soloists, but with one foot firmly in the tradition.
When you start receiving disability benefits , certain members of your family may also qualify for benefits on your record. Benefits may be paid to your : spouse; divorced spouse ; children; disabled child ; and adult child disabled before age 22. If any of your qualified family members apply for benefits , we will ask for their Social Security numbers and their birth certificates. If your spouse is applying for benefits , we may also ask for proof of marriage and dates of prior marriages, if applicable. 

Maximum Family Amount 
Each family member may be eligible for a monthly benefit of up to 50 percent of your disability benefit amount. However , there is a limit to the amount we can pay your family. The total depends on your benefit amount and the number of family members who also qualify on your record. The total varies , but generally the total amount you and your family can receive is between 150 and 180 percent of your disability benefit. If the sum of the benefits payable on your account is greater than the family limit , the benefits to the family members will be reduced proportionately. Your benefit will not be affected. 

Benefits For Your Spouse 
When benefits are payable to your spouse : Age 62 or older , unless he or she collects a higher Social Security benefit based on his or her earnings record. The spouse benefit amount will be permanently reduced by a percentage based on the number of months until his or her full retirement age. At any age if he or she is caring for your child under age 16 or disabled. Your spouse would receive these benefits until the child reaches age 16. At that time, the child's benefits continue , but your spouse's benefits stop unless he or she is old enough to receive retirement benefits age 62 or older or survivor benefits as a widow or widower age 60. 

If Your Spouse Also Worked Under Social Security 
If your spouse is eligible for retirement benefits on his or her own record , we will always pay that amount first. But i

user: What is the maximum amount my family will receive?

assistant: Each family member may be eligible for up to 50 percent of your disability amount.

user: What happens if the sum of the benefits payable on my account is greater than the family limit?

assistant: Your benefits will not be decreased, but your family members will be reduced equally.

user: What happens if my spouse worked under social security?

assistant: Is your spouse eligible for retirement benefits on his or her own record?
Título: Mystique (comics)
Seção: Rogue
Background: Mystique (Raven Darkholme) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men. Created by artist David Cockrum and writer Chris Claremont, she first appeared in the comic book Ms. Marvel #16, published in 1978. Mystique is a member of a subspecies of humanity known as mutants, who are born with superhuman abilities. Mystique is a shapeshifter who can mimic the appearance and voice of any person with exquisite precision, and her natural appearance includes blue skin and yellow eyes.

Conteúdo: Mystique becomes the adoptive mother of the four-year-old girl Rogue. Rogue had run away from her home in rural Caldecott County, Mississippi. The girl was living alone in a wooded area, brandishing a shotgun and trusting no one, when Mystique found her. Destiny foresees that Rogue will be important to them and Mystique seeks her out, gains her trust, and takes her in. She and Destiny raise the girl, and Mystique grows to be very protective of her.  Mystique, as Raven Darkholme, rises rapidly through the United States Civil Service to the trusted position of Deputy Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in the United States Department of Defense. This position gives her access to military secrets and advanced weaponry, both of which she uses for her own criminal and subversive purposes. In this position, she attempts the theft of the Centurion weaponry from S.H.I.E.L.D. She also beat Ms. Marvel's lover Michael Barnett to death, and sought to kill Ms. Marvel.  To help her in her criminal activities, Mystique organizes her own incarnation of the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants, consisting of herself, Avalanche, the Blob, Destiny, and Pyro. The Brotherhood attempts to assassinate Senator Robert Kelly, a notoriously anti-mutant politician. The X-Men thwart the assassination attempt, and all of the Brotherhood save Mystique herself are incarcerated.  Rogue is trained by Mystique and eventually joins the Brotherhood of Evil Mutants. Her mutant power is the ab

user: Who is Rogue?

assistant: Mystique becomes the adoptive mother of the four-year-old girl Rogue.

user: What is Rogues story?

assistant: The girl was living alone in a wooded area, brandishing a shotgun and trusting no one, when Mystique found her.
Título: Ralph Waldo Emerson
Seção: Early life, family, and education
Background: Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803 - April 27, 1882) was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society, and he disseminated his thoughts through dozens of published essays and more than 1,500 public lectures across the United States. Emerson gradually moved away from the religious and social beliefs of his contemporaries, formulating and expressing the philosophy of transcendentalism in his 1836 essay "Nature". Following this work, he gave a speech entitled "The American Scholar" in 1837, which Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. considered to be America's "intellectual Declaration of Independence".

Conteúdo: Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803, a son of Ruth Haskins and the Rev. William Emerson, a Unitarian minister. He was named after his mother's brother Ralph and his father's great-grandmother Rebecca Waldo. Ralph Waldo was the second of five sons who survived into adulthood; the others were William, Edward, Robert Bulkeley, and Charles. Three other children--Phebe, John Clarke, and Mary Caroline--died in childhood. Emerson was entirely of English ancestry, and his family had been in New England since the early colonial period.  Emerson's father died from stomach cancer on May 12, 1811, less than two weeks before Emerson's eighth birthday. Emerson was raised by his mother, with the help of the other women in the family; his aunt Mary Moody Emerson in particular had a profound effect on him. She lived with the family off and on and maintained a constant correspondence with Emerson until her death in 1863.  Emerson's formal schooling began at the Boston Latin School in 1812, when he was nine. In October 1817, at 14, Emerson went to Harvard College and was appointed freshman messenger for the president, requiring Emerson to fetch delinquent students and send messages to faculty. Midway through his junior year, Emerson began keeping a list of books he had read and started a journal in a series of notebooks that would be called "Wide World". He took outside jobs to cover his school expenses, including as a waiter for the Junior Commons and as an occasional te

user: Where was he born?

assistant: Emerson was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on May 25, 1803,

user: who where his parents?

assistant: Emerson's father died from stomach cancer on May 12, 1811, less than two weeks before Emerson's eighth birthday. Emerson was raised by his mother,

user: Who was his mother?

assistant: Ruth Haskins

user: Where did he grow up?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Social Security Benefit Verification Letter 


Get your Social Security Benefit Verification Letter online 
Do you know how to get an income verification letter or benefit verification letter from Social Security? Just log in to my Social Security to get instant access to your benefit verification letter. 

What is a Social Security Benefit Verification Letter? 
The benefit verification letter, sometimes called a benefits letter, or a Social Security award letter, serves as proof of your retirement, disability, Supplemental Security Income SSI, or Medicare benefits. It also serves as proof that you have applied for benefits or that you have never received Social Security benefits or SSI. You may also use your letter as proof for loans, housing assistance, mortgage, and for other income verification purposes. A Social Security benefit verification letter includes : your name , date of birth , and the benefit you receive from us. 

Sign in to your mySocial Security account to get your copy 
Already have a my Social Security Account? Sign In to your account below and go to Replacement Documents on the right side of the screen , then choose get a Benefit Verification Letter to view, save and print your personalized letter. Don't have a my Social Security Account? Creating a free my Social Security account takes less than 10 minutes, lets you download or print your benefit verification letter, and gives you access to many other online services. 

Still have questions? 
If you have questions or need help understanding how to request your benefit verification letter online , call our toll - free number at 1 - 800 - 772 - 1213 or visit your Social Security office. If you are deaf or hard of hearing , call our toll - free TTY number , 1 - 800 - 325 - 0778, between7 a.m. and 7 p.m. Monday through Friday. 

user: How do I get my Social Security Benefit Verification Letter?

assistant: are you trying to obtain the letter online?

user: No.

assistant: Do you need information about what the Social Security Benefit Verification Letter is for and what it entails?

user: No, I don't need that information.

assistant: Do you have a mySocial Security account?

user: No, I do not.

assistant: Do you have any other questions for me?
Título: Ivan the Terrible
Seção: Domestic policy
Background: Ivan IV Vasilyevich (Russian: Ivan Vasil'evich, tr. Ivan Vasilyevich; 25 August 1530 - 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible or Ivan the Fearsome (Russian:  Ivan Groznyi  , Ivan Grozny; a better translation into modern English

Conteúdo: Despite calamities triggered by the Great Fire of 1547, the early part of Ivan's reign was one of peaceful reforms and modernization. Ivan revised the law code, creating the Sudebnik of 1550, founded a standing army (the streltsy), established the Zemsky Sobor (the first Russian parliament of the feudal Estates type) and the council of the nobles (known as the Chosen Council), and confirmed the position of the Church with the Council of the Hundred Chapters (Stoglavy Synod), which unified the rituals and ecclesiastical regulations of the whole country. He introduced local self-government to rural regions, mainly in the northeast of Russia, populated by the state peasantry.  By Ivan's order in 1553 the Moscow Print Yard was established and the first printing press was introduced to Russia. Several religious books in Russian were printed during the 1550s and 1560s. The new technology provoked discontent among traditional scribes, leading to the Print Yard being burned in an arson attack. The first Russian printers, Ivan Fedorov and Pyotr Mstislavets, were forced to flee from Moscow to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Nevertheless, printing of books resumed from 1568 onwards, with Andronik Timofeevich Nevezha and his son Ivan now heading the Print Yard.  Ivan had St. Basil's Cathedral constructed in Moscow to commemorate the seizure of Kazan. There is a false legend that he was so impressed with the structure that he had the architect, Postnik Yakovlev, blinded so that he could nev

user: what was his policy?

assistant: He introduced local self-government to rural regions,

user: where was the policy established?

assistant: mainly in the northeast of Russia, populated by the state peasantry.

user: what was good about his years?

assistant: By Ivan's order in 1553 the Moscow Print Yard was established and the first printing press was introduced to Russia.

user: and what else did he do?

assistant: religious books in Russian were printed during the 1550s and 1560s.

user: what religion?

assistant: St. Basil's Cathedral

user: did the printing create problems?

assistant: The new technology provoked discontent among traditional scribes, leading to the Print Yard being burned in an arson attack.

user: was the printing press opened again?

assistant: printing of books resumed from 1568 onwards,
Título: Ringo Starr
Seção: Personal life
Background: Sir Richard Starkey  (born 7 July 1940), known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, songwriter, singer, and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for the Beatles. He occasionally sang lead vocals, usually for one song on an album, including "With a Little Help from My Friends", "Yellow Submarine", "Good Night", and their cover of "Act Naturally". He also wrote the Beatles' songs "Don't Pass Me By" and "Octopus's Garden", and is credited as a co-writer of others, including "What Goes On" and "Flying". Starr was twice afflicted by life-threatening illnesses during childhood, and he fell behind in school as a result of prolonged hospitalisations.

Conteúdo: When Starr married Maureen Cox in 1965, Beatles manager Brian Epstein served as best man, with Starr's stepfather Harry Graves and fellow Beatle George Harrison as witnesses. Soon afterwards, the couple's matrimony became the subject of a US novelty song, "Treat Him Tender, Maureen", by the Chicklettes. Starr and Maureen had three children together: Zak (born 13 September 1965), Jason (born 19 August 1967) and Lee (born 11 November 1970). In 1971, Starr purchased Lennon's former home, Tittenhurst Park at Sunninghill in Berkshire and moved his family there. Following Starr's repeated infidelities, the couple divorced in 1975. Maureen died from leukaemia at age 48 in 1994.  In 1980, while on the set of the film Caveman, Starr met actress Barbara Bach; they were married on 27 April 1981. In 1985, he was the first of the Beatles to become a grandfather upon the birth of Zak's daughter, Tatia Jayne Starkey. Zak Starkey is also a drummer, and during his father's regular absences, he spent time with The Who's Keith Moon. Zak has performed with his father during some All-Starr Band tours. In total, Ringo Starr has eight grandchildren - one from Zak, four from Jason and three from Lee. In 2016, he was the first Beatle to become a great-grandfather.  Starr and Bach split their time between homes in Cranleigh, Surrey; Los Angeles; and Monte Carlo. In the Sunday Times Rich List 2011, Starr was listed at number 56 in the UK with an estimated personal wealth of PS150 million. In 2012, Star

user: Was he ever married?

assistant: Starr married Maureen Cox in 1965,

user: Did they have any kid?

assistant: Starr and Maureen had three children together:

user: Did they have divorce?

assistant: the couple divorced in 1975.

user: Did he ever marry again?

assistant: In 1980, while on the set of the film Caveman, Starr met actress Barbara Bach; they were married on 27 April 1981.

user: Did he have kids with his second wife?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What did you find interesting in the article?

assistant: In 2016, he was the first Beatle to become a great-grandfather.

user: How many grandkids does he have?

assistant: In total, Ringo Starr has eight grandchildren
Título: Colin Cowdrey
Seção: Australia and New Zealand 1970-71
Background: Cowdrey's father, Ernest Arthur Cowdrey, played for the Surrey County Cricket Club Second XI and Berkshire County Cricket Club in the Minor Counties, but lacked the talent to enter first-class cricket and his father made him join a bank. Ernest Cowdrey had been born in Calcutta, moved to India to run a tea plantation and played the 1926-27 MCC touring team for the Madras Europeans XI and top scored with 48. His mother, Molly Cowdrey (nee Taylor), played tennis and hockey. Michael Colin Cowdrey was born on his father's tea plantation at Ootacamund, Madras Presidency, although his birthplace was usually misrecorded as Bangalore 100 miles to the north.

Conteúdo: Cowdrey was asked to play for Kent Young Amateurs in 1948 and made 157 against Sussex Young Amateurs, 87 against Middlesex Young Amateurs and 79 against Surrey Young Amateurs. He was asked to join the Kent Second XI in 1949 and played Norfolk, Wiltshire and Devon. In 1949-1950 Cowdrey was made the school cricket captain and in 1950 made 126 not out for Public Schools against the Combined Services at Lords. This was followed by being called up for Kent County Cricket Club while still only 17 and he made 15 and 26 on his first-class debut against Derbyshire.  Cowdrey made his first first-class century in 1951, 143 for the Free Foresters vs Oxford University, soon followed by 106 for the Gentlemen vs Players at Scarborough, captained by Len Hutton with Alec Bedser leading the bowling. After the match the Yorkshire captain Brian Sellers told him "If you are not playing for England and on that boat to Australia there'll only be one person to blame". He made 1,189 runs (33.02) in the 1951 season and was awarded his county cap by captain David Clark after making 71 against the touring South Africans, at 18 the youngest man to be capped by Kent.  Cowdrey won a Heath Harrison Exhibition award and a place at Brasenose College at Oxford University to study geography in the autumn of 1951. He played for the Oxford University Cricket Club in 1952 and 1953 at the start of the season and the rest of the summer for Kent. He made 50 and 57 for the Gentlemen vs the 1953 Australians at Lords. I

user: what happened in 1970-1971 in Australia and New Zealand?

assistant: Cowdrey was asked to play for Kent Young Amateurs in 1948 and made 157 against Sussex Young Amateurs,
Título: Cameron Crowe
Seção: Fast Times at Ridgemont High book and film
Background: Cameron Crowe was born in Palm Springs, California. His father, James A. Crowe, originally from Kentucky, owned a real estate and phone service business. His mother, Alice Marie (nee George), "was a teacher, activist, and all-around live wire who did skits around the house and would wear a clown suit to school on special occasions." She worked as a psychology professor and family therapy and often participated in peace demonstrations and causes relating to the rights of farm workers.

Conteúdo: When Rolling Stone moved its offices from California to New York in 1977, Crowe decided to stay behind. He also felt the excitement of his career was beginning to wane. Crowe appeared in the 1978 film American Hot Wax, but returned to his writing. Though he would continue to freelance for Rolling Stone on and off over the years, he turned his attention to a book.  At the age of 22, Crowe came up with the idea to pose undercover as a high school student and write about his experiences. Simon & Schuster gave him a contract, and he moved back in with his parents and enrolled as Dave Cameron at Clairemont High School in San Diego. Reliving the senior year he never had, he made friends and began to fit in. Though he initially planned to include himself in the book, he realized that it would jeopardize his ability to capture the true essence of the high school experience.  His book, Fast Times at Ridgemont High: A True Story, came out in 1981. Crowe focused on six main characters: a tough guy, a nerd, a surfer dude, a sexual sophisticate, and a middle-class brother and sister. He chronicled their activities in typical teenage settings--at school, at the beach, and at the mall, where many of them held afterschool jobs--and focused on details of their lives that probed into the heart of adolescence. This included scenes about homecoming and graduation as well as social cliques and sexual encounters.  Before the book was released, Fast Times at Ridgemont High was optioned for a film. 

user: Did he write Fast Times at Ridgemont High?

assistant: His book, Fast Times at Ridgemont High: A True Story,

user: When did he write the book?

assistant: came out in 1981.
Título: Babrak Karmal
Seção: Communist politics
Background: Mohammed Hussein redirects here; for the Muslim cleric, see Muhammad Ahmad Hussein. Babrak Karmal (Dari/Pashto: bbrkh khrml, born Sultan Hussein; 6 January 1929 - 1 or 3 December 1996) was an Afghan politician who was installed as president of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union when they invaded in 1979. Karmal was born in Kamari and educated at Kabul University.

Conteúdo: Imprisoned from 1953 to 1956, Karmal befriended fellow inmate Mir Akbar Khyber, who introduced Karmal to Marxism. Karmal changed his name from Sultan Hussein to Babrak Karmal, which means "Comrade of the Workers'" in Pashtun, to disassociate himself from his bourgeois background. When he was released from prison, he continued his activities in the student union, and began to promote Marxism. Karmal spent the rest of the 1950s and the early 1960s becoming involved with Marxist organizations, of which there were at least four in Afghanistan at the time; two of the four were established by Karmal. When the 1964 Afghan Provisional Constitution, which legalised the establishment of new political entities, was introduced several prominent Marxists agreed to establish a communist political party. The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA, the Communist Party) was established in January 1965 in Nur Muhammad Taraki's home. Factionalism within the PDPA quickly became a problem; the party split into the Khalq led by Taraki alongside Hafizullah Amin, and the Parcham led by Karmal.  During the 1965 parliamentary election Karmal was one of four PDPA members elected to the lower house of parliament; the three others were Anahita Ratebzad, Nur Ahmed Nur and Fezanul Haq Fezan. No Khalqists were elected; however, Amin was 50 votes short of being elected. The Parchamite victory may be explained by the simple fact that Karmal could contribute financially to the PDPA electoral campaign. 

user: Please tell me something interesting about the communist politics

assistant: Imprisoned from 1953 to 1956, Karmal befriended fellow inmate Mir Akbar Khyber, who introduced Karmal to Marxism.

user: Did Karmal take to Marxism?

assistant: Karmal changed his name from Sultan Hussein to Babrak Karmal, which means "Comrade of the Workers'" in Pashtun, to disassociate himself from his bourgeois background.

user: what about after his release from prison?

assistant: When he was released from prison, he continued his activities in the student union, and began to promote Marxism.

user: How did he get into politics?

assistant: Karmal spent the rest of the 1950s and the early 1960s becoming involved with Marxist organizations, of which there were at least four in Afghanistan at the time;

user: what happened after that?

assistant: When the 1964 Afghan Provisional Constitution, which legalised the establishment of new political entities, was introduced several prominent Marxists agreed to establish a communist political party.

user: Did they manage to establish one?

assistant: In 1967, the PDPA unofficially split into two formal parties, one Khalqist and one Parchamist.
You must meet certain requirements to qualify for federal student aid (grants, work-study, and loans). 
Let s go over the basic eligibility criteria. 

Basic Eligibility Criteria 
Our basic eligibility requirements are that you must demonstrate financial need for most programs ; be a U.S. citizen or an eligible noncitizen ; have a valid Social Security number with the exception of students from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau ; be registered with Selective Service , if you re a male you must register between the ages of 18 and 25 ; be enrolled or accepted for enrollment as a regular student in an eligible degree or certificate program ; be enrolled at least half - time to be eligible for Direct Loan Program funds ; maintain satisfactory academic progress in college or career school ; sign the certification statement on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid FAFSA form stating that you are not in default on a federal student loan , you do not owe money on a federal student grant , and you will use federal student aid only for educational purposes ; and show you re qualified to obtain a college or career school education by having a high school diploma or a recognized equivalent such as a General Educational Development GED certificate ; completing a high school education in a homeschool setting approved under state law or if state law does not require a homeschooled student to obtain a completion credential completing a high school education in a homeschool setting that qualifies as an exemption from compulsory attendance requirements under state law; or enrolling in an eligible career pathway program and meeting one of the " ability - to - benefit " alternatives described below. Additional eligibility requirements can apply in certain situations including for non - U.S. citizens, students with criminal convictions, and students with intellectual disabilities. Some federal student aid programs hav

user: Hello, can you tell me what is required to qualify for federal student aid?

assistant: It is vital to review the eligibility processes.

user: What is the profit capacity?

assistant: This benefit is primarily if you were enrolled in a university or vocational school.

user: Can you expand that information further?

assistant: It consists of being enrolled at least half time to be eligible.
Título: Dan Rather
Seção: Killian documents
Background: Daniel Irvin Rather, Jr.  was born on October 31, 1931, in Wharton County, Texas, the son of Daniel Irvin Rather, Sr., a ditch digger, and the former Byrl Veda Page. The Rathers moved to Houston, where Dan attended Love Elementary School and Hamilton Middle School. He graduated in 1950 from John H. Reagan High School in Houston. In 1953, he earned a bachelor's degree in journalism from Sam Houston State University where he was editor of the school newspaper, The Houstonian.

Conteúdo: On September 8, 2004, Rather reported on 60 Minutes Wednesday that a series of memos critical of President George W. Bush's Texas Air National Guard service record had been discovered in the personal files of Lt. Bush's former commanding officer, Lt. Col. Jerry B. Killian. Once copies of the documents were made available on the Internet, their authenticity was quickly called into question. Much of this was based on the fact that the documents were proportionally printed and displayed using other modern typographic conventions usually unavailable on military typewriters of the 1970s. The font used on the documents has characteristics that exactly match standard font features of Microsoft Word. This led to claims that the memos were forgeries. The accusations then spread over the following days into mainstream media outlets including The Washington Post, The New York Times, and the Chicago Sun-Times.  Rather and CBS initially defended the story, insisting that the documents had been authenticated by experts. CBS was contradicted by some of the experts it originally cited, and later reported that its source for the documents - former Texas Army National Guard officer Lt. Col. Bill Burkett - had misled the network about how he had obtained them.  On September 20, CBS retracted the story. Rather stated, "If I knew then what I know now, I would not have gone ahead with the story as it was aired, and I certainly would not have used the documents in question." The controversy has bee

user: What were the Killian documents?

assistant: a series of memos critical of President George W. Bush's Texas Air National Guard service record

user: When were these written?

assistant: 1970s.

user: Were they written by Rather?

assistant: discovered in the personal files of Lt. Bush's former commanding officer, Lt. Col. Jerry B. Killian.

user: Did Rather report about this on the news?

assistant: Rather reported on 60 Minutes Wednesday

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: later reported that its source for the documents - former Texas Army National Guard officer Lt. Col. Bill Burkett - had misled the network about how he had obtained them.

user: What happened after that?

assistant: Rather and CBS initially defended the story,

user: Did the truth come out?

assistant: later reported that its source for the documents - former Texas Army National Guard officer Lt. Col. Bill Burkett - had misled the network about how he had obtained them.
Título: George Weah
Seção: Time in England
Background: George Tawlon Manneh Oppong Ousman Weah (; born 1 October 1966) is a Liberian politician, who became the 25th President of Liberia in 2018, and a retired professional footballer who played as a striker. After beginning his career in his home country of Liberia, Weah spent 14 years playing for clubs in France, Italy, and England.

Conteúdo: Weah signed for English Premier League club Chelsea on loan from Milan on 11 January 2000, in a deal which would keep him with the West London club until the end of the 1999-2000 English season.  Weah's time in England was deemed a success, especially at Chelsea where he instantly endeared himself to their fans by scoring the winner against rivals Tottenham Hotspur on his debut, and scored further league goals against Wimbledon and Liverpool. He also scored twice in Chelsea's victorious 1999-2000 FA Cup campaign, netting crucial goals against Leicester City and Gillingham. This led to him starting in the final, which Chelsea won 1-0.  Chelsea manager Gianluca Vialli did not make Weah's move permanent, and, on 1 August 2000, he officially left Milan, and signed for newly promoted English Premier League side Manchester City on a free transfer on a two-year contract worth PS30,000 a week, declining the offer of a PS1 million pay-off from Milan owner Silvio Berlusconi. He played 11 games in all competitions for City, scoring four times, before leaving on 16 October 2000 after becoming dissatisfied with manager Joe Royle for selecting him as a substitute too frequently; he had only played the full 90 minutes in three of his 11 games for the Maine Road club. At City, he scored once in the league against Liverpool (as he did at Chelsea), and three times against Gillingham (again as he had at Chelsea), this time in the League Cup; once in the first leg and twice in the second. CANNOT

user: What happened when George Weah was in England?

assistant: Weah's time in England was deemed a success, especially at Chelsea where he instantly endeared himself to their fans by scoring the winner against rivals

user: Where are the other tournaments he playeds?

assistant: He also scored twice in Chelsea's victorious 1999-2000 FA Cup campaign, netting crucial goals against Leicester City and Gillingham.

user: Did he signed up for a different team?

assistant: on 1 August 2000, he officially left Milan, and signed for newly promoted English Premier League side Manchester City

user: What is the name of his manager?

assistant: Joe Royle
Título: Hedwig and the Angry Inch (musical)
Seção: Brazil
Background: Hedwig and the Angry Inch is a rock musical about a fictional rock and roll band fronted by a transgender East German singer, Hedwig Robinson. The book is by John Cameron Mitchell, and the music and lyrics are by Stephen Trask. The story draws on Mitchell's life as the son of a U.S. Army Major General who once commanded the U.S. sector of occupied West Berlin. The character of Hedwig was inspired by a German divorced U.S. Army wife who was a Mitchell family babysitter and moonlighted as a prostitute at her Junction City, Kansas, trailer park home.

Conteúdo: In August 2010, a Brazilian adaptation of Hedwig and the Angry Inch premiered in Rio de Janeiro, with Paulo Vilhena and Pierre Baitelli playing Hedwig. This was the first adaptation where there were two actors simultaneously playing Hedwig onstage. The play was translated by Jonas Calmon Klabin and directed by Evandro Mesquita, with musical direction by Danilo Timm and Evandro Mesquita. Eline Porto played Yitzhak, Alexandre Griva on the drums, Fabrizio Iorio on the keyboards, Patrick Laplan on the bass, and Pedro Nogueira playing the guitar.  The musical previews ran from August 10 to September 3, 2010 and the full show ran from September 15 to November 6, 2010, totaling 46 performances.  The same production reopened in Sao Paulo on August 26, 2011, and ran until October 16, 2011, for a total of 25 performances, now with actors Pierre Baitelli and Felipe Carvalhido playing Hedwig. Eline Porto played Yitzhak, Diego Andrade on the drums, Fabrizio Iorio on the keyboards, Melvin Ribeiro on the bass, and Pedro Nogueira playing the guitar. Nominated for Best Actor (Pierre Baitelli) and Best Musical direction (Danilo Timm and Evandro Mesquita) at the Premio Shell de Teatro. Winner of Best Actor (Pierre Baitelli and nominated for Best Production (Oz), Best Director (Evandro Mesquita), and Best Actress (Eline Porto) at the Premio Arte Qualidade Brasil. Also, one nomination for Best Musical in a Brazilian adaptation for the Premio Contigo de Teatro.  This same production performed agai

user: What did Hedwig do in Brazil?

assistant: a Brazilian adaptation of Hedwig and the Angry Inch premiered

user: Was it ever made into a film?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What was significant about Brazil?

assistant: This was the first adaptation where there were two actors simultaneously playing Hedwig onstage.

user: Was it received well?

assistant: Nominated for Best Actor

user: Did he win this award?

assistant: Winner of Best Actor

user: Was this the only award?

assistant: Best Actress

user: Was he known for anything else in Brazil?

assistant: This same production performed again in Rio de Janeiro

user: Was it successful?

assistant: finalizing the Brazilian Hedwig project with a total of 100 performances.

user: Did he ever go back to Brazil after that?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Social Security Direct Deposit 


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user: Hello, I am a bit confused about signing up for direct deposit. I hope you can answer a few questions I have.

assistant: Of course. Are you already receiving benefits?

user: Yes, I am.

assistant: Do you already receive Social Security or SSI benefits and you have a bank account?

user: Yes, that'd be me.

assistant: Do you plan to sign up for Direct Deposit by starting or changing Direct Deposit online Social Security benefits only?

user: No. No, you see, I'd prefer to do it another way, if possible.

assistant: Do you plan to sign up by contacting your bank, credit union or savings and loan association?
Título: Grace Hopper
Seção: Retirement
Background: Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (nee Murray; December 9, 1906 - January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist and United States Navy rear admiral. One of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark I computer, she was a pioneer of computer programming who invented one of the first compiler related tools. She popularized the idea of machine-independent programming languages, which led to the development of COBOL, an early high-level programming language still in use today. Hopper had attempted to enlist in the Navy during World War II, but she was rejected by the military because she was 34 years of age and thus too old to enlist.

Conteúdo: In accordance with Navy attrition regulations, Hopper retired from the Naval Reserve with the rank of commander at age 60 at the end of 1966. She was recalled to active duty in August 1967 for a six-month period that turned into an indefinite assignment. She again retired in 1971 but was again asked to return to active duty in 1972. She was promoted to captain in 1973 by Admiral Elmo R. Zumwalt, Jr.  After Republican Representative Philip Crane saw her on a March 1983 segment of 60 Minutes, he championed H.J.Res. 341, a joint resolution originating in the House of Representatives, which led to her promotion to commodore by special Presidential appointment. She remained on active duty for several years beyond mandatory retirement by special approval of Congress. Effective November 8, 1985, the rank of commodore was renamed rear admiral (lower half) and Hopper became one of the Navy's few female admirals.  Following a career that spanned more than 42 years, Admiral Hopper took mandatory retirement from the Navy on August 14, 1986. At a celebration held in Boston on the USS Constitution to commemorate her retirement, Hopper was awarded the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the highest non-combat decoration awarded by the Department of Defense.  At the time of her retirement, she was the oldest active-duty commissioned officer in the United States Navy (79 years, eight months and five days), and had her retirement ceremony aboard the oldest commissioned ship in the United Stat

user: What did Grace Hopper retire from?

assistant: Hopper retired from the Naval Reserve

user: When did she retire?

assistant: at the end of 1966.

user: What did she do after retirement?

assistant: She was recalled to active duty in August 1967 for a six-month period that turned into an indefinite assignment. She again retired in 1971

user: Did she write any papers about her career?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did she do anything else in her career?

assistant: Following a career that spanned more than 42 years, Admiral Hopper took mandatory retirement from the Navy on August 14, 1986.

user: After retirement did she do anything to keep her busy?

assistant: At the time of her retirement, she was the oldest active-duty commissioned officer in the United States Navy (79 years, eight months and five days

user: Is she still living?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER