dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Vladimir Nabokov
Seção: United States
Background: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (; Russian: Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov, pronounced [vla'djimjIr na'bok@f] ( listen), also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin; 22 April [O.S. 10 April] 1899 - 2 July 1977) was a Russian-American novelist, translator and entomologist.

Conteúdo: The Nabokovs settled in Manhattan and Vladimir began volunteer work as an entomologist at the American Museum of Natural History.  Nabokov joined the staff of Wellesley College in 1941 as resident lecturer in comparative literature. The position, created specifically for him, provided an income and free time to write creatively and pursue his lepidoptery. Nabokov is remembered as the founder of Wellesley's Russian Department. The Nabokovs resided in Wellesley, Massachusetts, during the 1941-42 academic year. In September 1942 they moved to Cambridge where they lived until June 1948. Following a lecture tour through the United States, Nabokov returned to Wellesley for the 1944-45 academic year as a lecturer in Russian. In 1945, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. He served through the 1947-48 term as Wellesley's one-man Russian Department, offering courses in Russian language and literature. His classes were popular, due as much to his unique teaching style as to the wartime interest in all things Russian. At the same time he was the de facto curator of lepidoptery at Harvard University's Museum of Comparative Zoology. After being encouraged by Morris Bishop, Nabokov left Wellesley in 1948 to teach Russian and European literature at Cornell University, where he taught until 1959. Among his students at Cornell was future U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who later identified Nabokov as a major influence on her development as a writer.  Nabokov wr

user: What did Vladimir do in the United States?

assistant: The Nabokovs settled in Manhattan and Vladimir began volunteer work as an entomologist at the American Museum of Natural History.

user: Did he do other work after that?

assistant: Nabokov joined the staff of Wellesley College in 1941 as resident lecturer in comparative literature.
Título: Cosmo Kramer
Seção: Inspiration
Background: Cosmo Kramer, usually referred to as simply "Kramer", is a fictional character on the American television sitcom Seinfeld (1989-1998), played by Michael Richards. The character is loosely based on comedian Kenny Kramer, Larry David's ex-neighbor across the hall. Kramer is the friend and neighbor of main character Jerry, residing in Apartment 5B, and is friends with George and Elaine. Of the series' four central characters, only Kramer has no visible means of support; what few jobs he holds seem to be nothing more than larks.

Conteúdo: The character of Kramer was originally based on the real-life Kenny Kramer, a neighbor of co-creator Larry David from New York. However, Michael Richards did not in any way base his performance on the real Kramer, to the point of refusing to meet him. This was later parodied in "The Pilot" when the actor that is cast to play him in Jerry and George's sitcom refuses to base the character on the real Cosmo Kramer. At the time of the shooting of the original Seinfeld pilot, "The Seinfeld Chronicles," Kenny Kramer had not yet given consent to use his name, and so Kramer's character was originally known as "Kessler."  Larry David was hesitant to use Kenny Kramer's real name because he suspected that Kramer would take advantage of this. David's suspicion turned out to be correct; Kenny Kramer created the "Kramer Reality Tour", a New York City bus tour that points out actual locations of events or places featured in Seinfeld. The "Kramer Reality Tour" is itself spoofed on Seinfeld in "The Muffin Tops." In the episode, when Kramer's real-life stories are used by Elaine to pad the biography of J. Peterman she was ghostwriting, he develops a reality bus tour called "The Peterman Reality Tour" and touts himself as "The Real J. Peterman," even though, as Jerry notes, reality is the last thing Kramer is qualified to give a tour on.  Richards' physicality can be seen in his early 1980s appearances on The Tonight Show, the early 1980s ABC sketch comedy show "Fridays", and his appearance in 

user: Who is Kramer based on?

assistant: real-life Kenny Kramer, a neighbor of co-creator Larry David from New York.

user: Why did he use Kenny Kramer?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
VA education and training benefits 
VA education benefits help Veterans, service members, and their qualified family members with needs like paying college tuition, finding the right school or training program, and getting career counseling. Learn how to apply for and manage the education and training benefits you've earned. 

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About GI Bill benefitsLearn how the GI Bill works and explore your options to pay for school or training. EligibilitySee if you're eligible for GI Bill or other VA education benefits. How to applyLearn how to prepare and apply for the GI Bill or other VA education and training benefits. After you applyFind out when to expect a decision from us on your application and what to do next. Vocational Rehabilitation and EmploymentSee if you qualify for help exploring employment options, any training you may need, and other voc rehab services. Educational and Career Counseling Chapter 36 Find out how to get free educational and career counseling as a recently discharged Veteran or a dependent family member. VA education benefits for dependents and survivorsFind out if you're eligible for Veteran dependent or survivor education benefits through a GI Bill program. Other educational assistance programsIf you're a Guardsman, Reservist, or Veteran who doesn't qualify for the Post-9/11 GI Bill , see if you're eligible for other VA education benefits. 

Manage your Veterans education benefits 
View your VA payment historySee your payment history for VA education and other benefits you may have like disability compensation and pension. Check your Post-9/11 GI Bill benefitsSee how much of your GI Bill benefits you have left to help pay for school or training. Transfer Post-9/11 GI Bill benefitsTransfer your unused Post-9/11 GI Bill benefits to your spouse or other dependents. Change your GI 

user: I would like information about education and training benefits.

assistant: Sure. We have benefits to VA education benefits help Veterans , service members , and their qualified family.

user: On this page I can to get information?

assistant: Yes, all information and resources that you need.
Título: Paavo Nurmi
Seção: 1932 Olympics and later career
Background: Nurmi was born in Turku, Finland, to carpenter Johan Fredrik Nurmi and his wife Matilda Wilhelmiina Laine. Nurmi's siblings, Siiri, Saara, Martti and Lahja, were born in 1898, 1902, 1905 and 1908, respectively. In 1903, the Nurmi family moved from Raunistula into a 40-square-meter apartment in central Turku, where Paavo Nurmi would live until 1932. The young Nurmi and his friends were inspired by the English long-distance runner Alfred Shrubb.

Conteúdo: Less than three days before the 10,000 m, a special commission of the IAAF, consisting of the same seven members that had suspended Nurmi, rejected the Finn's entries and barred him from competing in Los Angeles. Sigfrid Edstrom, president of the IAAF and chairman of its executive council, stated that the full congress of the IAAF, which was scheduled to start the next day, could not reinstate Nurmi for the Olympics but merely review the phases and political angles related to the case. The AP called this "one of the slickest political maneuvers in international athletic history", and wrote that the Games would now be "like Hamlet without the celebrated Dane in the cast." Thousands protested against the action in Helsinki. Details of the case were not released to the press, but the evidence against Nurmi was believed be the sworn statements from German race promoters that Nurmi had received $250-500 per race when running in Germany in autumn 1931. The statements were produced by Karl Ritter von Halt after Edstrom had sent him increasingly threatening letters, warning that if evidence against Nurmi is not provided, he "will unfortunately have to take stringent action against the German Athletics Association."  On the eve of the marathon, all the entrants of the race except for the Finns, whose positions were known, filed a petition asking Nurmi's entry to be accepted. Edstrom's right-hand man Bo Ekelund, secretary general of the IAAF and head of the Swedish Athletics Federation

user: What happened in the olympics?

assistant: could not reinstate Nurmi for the Olympics but merely review the phases and political angles related to the case.

user: What did Nurmi do for them to not reinstate him for the olympics?

assistant: but the evidence against Nurmi was believed be the sworn statements from German race promoters that Nurmi had received $250-500 per race

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: all the entrants of the race except for the Finns, whose positions were known, filed a petition asking Nurmi's entry to be accepted.

user: Did the petition work?

assistant: The congress concluded without Nurmi being declared a professional, but the council's authority to disbar an athlete was upheld on a 13-12 vote.

user: Did Nurmi stop running afterwards?

assistant: Nurmi refused to turn professional, and continued running as amateur in Finland.

user: How did Finland react to that decision?

assistant: A year earlier, controversies on the track and in the press had led Finland to withdraw from the Finland-Sweden athletics international.
Título: Billie Jean King
Seção: 1982-1983
Background: King was born in Long Beach, California, into a conservative Methodist family, the daughter of Betty (nee Jerman), a housewife, and Bill Moffitt, a firefighter. Billie Jean's family was athletic. Her mother excelled at swimming, her father played basketball, baseball and ran track. Her younger brother, Randy Moffitt, became a Major League Baseball pitcher, pitching for 12 years in the major leagues for the San Francisco Giants, Houston Astros, and Toronto Blue Jays.

Conteúdo: In 1982, King was 38 years old and the twelfth-seed at Wimbledon. In her third round match with Tanya Harford of South Africa, King was down 7-5, 5-4 (40-0) before saving three match points to win the second set 7-6(2) and then the third set 6-3. King said in her post-match press conference, "I can't recall the previous time I have been so close to defeat and won. When I was down 4-5 and love-40, I told myself, 'You have been here 21 years, so use that experience and hang on.'" In the fourth round, King upset sixth-seeded Australian Wendy Turnbull in straight sets. King then upset third-seeded Tracy Austin in the quarterfinals 3-6, 6-4, 6-2 to become the oldest female semifinalist at Wimbledon since Dorothea Douglass Lambert Chambers in 1920. This was King's first career victory over Austin after five defeats and reversed the result of their 1979 Wimbledon quarterfinal. King said in her post-match press conference, "Today, I looked at the scoreboard when I was 2-0 in the third set and the '2' seemed to be getting bigger and bigger. In 1979, when I was up 2-0 at the same stage, I was tired and didn't have anything left. But today I felt so much better and was great mentally." Two days later in the semifinals, which was King's 250th career match at Wimbledon in singles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles, the second-seeded Chris Evert defeated King on her fifth match point 7-6(4), 2-6, 6-3. King was down a set and 2-1 in the second set before winning five consecutive games to e

user: What happened in 1982 for Billie?

assistant: King was 38 years old and the twelfth-seed at Wimbledon.

user: Did she win at Wimbledon?

assistant: She reached the semifinals

user: Was there anything else between 1982-1983 that she did?

assistant: King became the oldest WTA player to win a singles tournament when she won the Edgbaston Cup
Título: Divinyls
Seção: Formation and Albums
Background: Divinyls  (often incorrectly referred to as The Divinyls) was an Australian rock band that was formed in Sydney in 1980. The band primarily consisted of vocalist Chrissy Amphlett and guitarist Mark McEntee. Amphlett garnered widespread attention for performing on stage in a school uniform and fishnet stockings, and often used an illuminated neon tube as a prop for displaying aggression towards both band members and the audience. Originally a five-piece, the band underwent numerous line-up changes, with Amphlett and McEntee remaining as core members, before its dissolution in 1996.

Conteúdo: Divinyls released five studio albums--four placed in the Top 10 Australian chart, while one (Divinyls) reached No. 15 in the United States (US) and No. 33 for 3 weeks in Canada. Their biggest-selling single "I Touch Myself" (1990) achieved a No. 1 ranking in Australia, No. 4 in the US, No. 10 in the United Kingdom (UK), and No. 13 in Canada.  Amphlett was the cousin of 1960s Australian pop icon Patricia "Little Pattie" Amphlett, who had been married to Keith Jacobsen--younger brother of pioneer rocker Col Joye and leading promoter Kevin Jacobsen. In her autobiography Pleasure and Pain (2005), Amphlett described breaking into the music scene from the age of fourteen, being arrested for busking when seventeen and travelling in Spain, and how her performances drew upon childhood pain.  Amphlett and guitarist Mark McEntee were introduced by Jeremy Paul (ex-Air Supply) in the car park of a small music venue in Collaroy, Sydney, after Amphlett and Paul had finished a gig with their then band, Batonrouge. Amphlett and McEntee met again at the Sydney Opera House where Amphlett and Paul were singing in a choral concert in 1980. They recruited keyboardist Bjarne Ohlin later in 1980 and drummer Richard Harvey in 1981, respectively, and for almost two years they performed in pubs and clubs in Sydney's Kings Cross. During this time, Paul negotiated publishing and recording agreements that led to the band signing with WEA. Australian film director Ken Cameron saw Divinyls performing in a c

user: When did the group form?

assistant: in the car park of a small music venue in Collaroy, Sydney,
Título: My Happiness (Powderfinger song)
Seção: Touring and promotion
Background: "My Happiness" is a song by Australian rock band Powderfinger. It was released on record label Universal Music Australia on 21 August 2000 as the first single from the band's fourth album, Odyssey Number Five. The single is Powderfinger's most successful; it peaked at number four on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart, and charted in the United States on the Hot Modern Rock Tracks chart--the first Powderfinger song to do so. Powderfinger frontman Bernard Fanning wrote the lyrics for "My Happiness" as a reflection on the time the band spent touring to promote their work, and the loneliness that came as a result.

Conteúdo: "My Happiness" was put on heavy rotation by Los Angeles radio station KROQ-FM two months prior to its United States release, and Powderfinger signed a contract with United States label Republic as a result of the song's early success. Beat journalist Jayson Argall joked the song had received "a bit" of airplay. Although "My Happiness" was subsequently dropped from KROQ's roster, other radio stations continued to give the song high priority.  "My Happiness" peaked at number 23 on the Hot Modern Rock Tracks, making it the first Powderfinger song to appear on a Billboard chart. According to Susan Groves of WHRL, part of the song's success came about because very few people knew of Powderfinger, but were drawn towards "My Happiness" because it was "melodic, [and] pretty"--a change from what she described as "middle of the road rock" popular in the United States. Meanwhile, Australians were "starting to get sick of My Happiness"--Cameron Adams argued in The Hobart Mercury that this was one of the reasons Powderfinger decided to focus on the offshore market.  Powderfinger performed "My Happiness" live on the Late Show with David Letterman while touring North America with British rock group Coldplay. They were the fourth Australian act (after The Living End, Silverchair, and Nick Cave) to play on the show. The band also did free promotional shows leading up to the release of the single. In Europe, "My Happiness" received approximately four weeks of airplay on German music video prog

user: What tours did the band go on?

assistant: touring North America with British rock group Coldplay.
Título: Hippolytus of Rome
Seção: Life
Background: Hippolytus of Rome (170 - 235 AD) was one of the most important 3rd-century theologians in the Christian Church in Rome, where he was probably born. Photios I of Constantinople describes him in his Bibliotheca (cod. 121) as a disciple of Irenaeus, who was said to be a disciple of Polycarp, and from the context of this passage it is supposed that he suggested that Hippolytus so styled himself. However, this assertion is doubtful.

Conteúdo: As a presbyter of the church at Rome under Pope Zephyrinus (199 - 217 AD), Hippolytus was distinguished for his learning and eloquence. It was at this time that Origen of Alexandria, then a young man, heard him preach.  He accused Pope Zephyrinus of modalism, the heresy which held that the names Father and Son are simply different names for the same subject. Hippolytus championed the Logos doctrine of the Greek apologists, most notably Justin Martyr, which distinguished the Father from the Logos ("Word"). An ethical conservative, he was scandalized when Pope Callixtus I (217 - 222 AD) extended absolution to Christians who had committed grave sins, such as adultery.  Hippolytus himself advocated an excessive rigorism. At this time, he seems to have allowed himself to be elected as a rival Bishop of Rome, and continued to attack Pope Urban I (222 - 230 AD) and Pope Pontian ( 230 - 235 AD). G. Salmon suggests that Hippolytus was the leader of the Greek-speaking Christians of Rome. Allen Brent sees the development of Roman house-churches into something akin to Greek philosophical schools gathered around a compelling teacher.  Under the persecution at the time of Emperor Maximinus Thrax, Hippolytus and Pontian were exiled together in 235 AD to Sardinia, likely dying in the mines. It is quite probable that, before his death there, he was reconciled to the other party at Rome, for, under Pope Fabian (236-250), his body and that of Pontian were brought to Rome. The so-called chronogr

user: What was life like during this time?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Who was Hippolytus of Rome?

assistant: that Hippolytus was the leader of the Greek-speaking Christians of Rome.

user: Was he a good leader?

assistant: Hippolytus was distinguished for his learning and eloquence.

user: What did he learn?

assistant: the development of Roman house-churches into something akin to Greek philosophical schools gathered around a compelling teacher.
Título: JLS
Seção: Television appearances
Background: JLS (an initialism of Jack the Lad Swing) were an English pop/R&B boy band, which consisted of members Aston Merrygold, Oritse Williams, Marvin Humes, and JB Gill, originally formed by Williams. They initially signed to Tracklacers production company New Track City and then went on to become runners-up of the fifth series of the ITV reality talent show The X Factor in 2008, coming second to Alexandra Burke. Following their appearance on The X Factor, JLS signed to Epic Records. Their first two singles "Beat Again" and "Everybody in Love" both went to number one on the UK Singles Chart.

Conteúdo: As well as appearing on numerous TV programmes for promotion of their albums/singles, JLS have had two special TV shows of their own broadcast. The first was an hour-long documentary for ITV2, titled JLS Revealed, which first aired on 7 November 2009. The documentary followed them in the year after they had finished second in The X Factor, capturing them as they toured with Lemar, released their singles and attended the MOBO Awards amongst other highlights. The second show was an hour-long entertainment show for ITV titled This Is JLS, which first aired on 11 December 2010 before the first show of that year's X Factor final. Filmed before a live studio audience, the band performed all of their hits, tracks from the Outta This World album and a special duet with Kylie Minogue on her hit song "All the Lovers", as well as partaking in surprise hidden camera stunts for lucky fans who had been invited to be in the audience for the show.  The group have also released their own documentary film titled JLS: Eyes Wide Open 3D, making them the first British music act to release a 3D film. Filmed at The O2 Arena during the tour for their second album Outta This World in December 2010/January 2011, and incorporated with documentary footage shot by Ben Winston and Andy Morahan, it was shown exclusively for three days only from 3 June 2011 in over 300 UK cinemas. Due to many cinemas selling out tickets for the initial weekend, additional screenings were made in cinemas for the following we

user: What was their first television appearance?

assistant: As well as appearing on numerous TV programmes for promotion of their albums/singles, JLS have had two special TV shows of their own broadcast.

user: Did the specials have good viewership?

assistant: JLS have had two special TV shows of their own broadcast. The first was an hour-long documentary for ITV2, titled JLS Revealed, which first aired on 7 November 2009.

user: What was the 2nd titled?

assistant: The second show was an hour-long entertainment show for ITV titled This Is JLS, which first aired on 11 December 2010

user: Were there any comments about their appearances?

assistant: Due to many cinemas selling out

user: What happened as a result of many cinemas selling out?

assistant: Due to many cinemas selling out tickets for the initial weekend, additional screenings were made in cinemas for the following weekend
Título: Eddy Merckx
Seção: 1973: A Giro-Vuelta double
Background: Edouard Louis Joseph, baron Merckx (Dutch pronunciation: ['merks]; born 17 June 1945), better known as Eddy Merckx, is a Belgian former professional road and track bicycle racer who is widely seen as the most successful rider in the history of competitive cycling. His victories include an unequalled eleven Grand Tours (five Tours of France, five Tours of Italy, and a Tour of Spain), all of the five Monuments, three World Championships, the hour record, every major one-day race other than Paris-Tours, and extensive victories on the track. Born in Meensel-Kiezegem, Brabant, Belgium, he grew up in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre where his parents ran a grocery store. He played several sports, but found his true passion in cycling.

Conteúdo: An illness prevented Merckx from taking part in the Milan-San Remo at the start of the 1973 calendar. During a span of nineteen days, Merckx won four classics including Omloop Het Volk, Liege-Bastogne-Liege, and Paris-Roubaix. He decided to race the Vuelta a Espana and the Giro d'Italia, instead of racing the Tour de France. He won the opening prologue of the Vuelta to take an early lead. Despite Ocana's best efforts, Merckx won a total of six stages on his way to his only Vuelta a Espana title. In addition to the general classification, Merckx won the race's points classification and combination classifications.  Four days after the conclusion of the Vuelta, Merckx lined up to start the Giro d'Italia. He won the opening two-man time trial with Roger Swerts and the next day's leg as well. Merckx's primary competitor, Fuente, lost a significant amount of time during the second stage. He won eighth stage that featured a summit finish to Monte Carpegna despite Fuente attacking several times on the ascent. Fuente tried attacking throughout the race of the race, but was only able to make time gains on the race's penultimate stage. Merckx won the race after leading from start to finish, a feat only previously done by Alfredo Binda and Costante Girardengo. He also became the first rider to win the Giro and Vuelta in the same calendar year.  The UCI Road World Championships were held in Barcelona, Spain in 1973 and contested on the Montjuich circuit. During the road race, Merckx atta

user: Was the Giro-Vuelta double a race?

assistant: He decided to race the Vuelta a Espana and the Giro d'Italia,

user: Did he do well in the race?

assistant: He won the opening prologue of the Vuelta to take an early lead.

user: Who did he race against?

assistant: Monte Carpegna

user: Did he have any problems or injuries while racing?

assistant: but a doping positive disqualified him.

user: How did he react to being disqualified?

assistant: He closed the season with over fifty victories to his credit.
Título: Gary Ablett Sr.
Seção: Legacy
Background: Born in Drouin to Alfred and Colleen Ablett, Gary Ablett grew up in the Latrobe Valley in Victoria's Gippsland region alongside his four elder brothers and three sisters. Ablett displayed a love for sport at an early age, winning the state school high jump at 10 years of age. He was also awarded both club and competition best and fairest awards for Drouin at the under-11s, under-12s and under-14s levels. After citing waning interest in school, Ablett dropped out of high school at the age of 15 years to become a bricklayer's labourer.

Conteúdo: Ablett combined strength, speed, and skill to produce many spectacular highlights and goal-kicking feats. A noted big game player, Ablett kicked 43 goals in 11 State appearances. More significantly, he booted 64 goals over the course of his 16 finals - an average of four goals a game. His haul of 27 goals in the 1989 finals series is a record that still stands. He was awarded the Norm Smith Medal for his performance in the 1989 Grand Final, where he was adjudged best player afield. In doing so, he became one of only four players (the others being Maurice Rioli -1982, Nathan Buckley -2002, and Chris Judd -2005) to win the medal playing for the losing side. In 1996, Ablett joined Gordon Coventry, Doug Wade, Jason Dunstall and Tony Lockett as the only players in league history to kick 1000 VFL/AFL goals.  Martin Flanagan's representation of Australian football pioneer Tom Wills in his 1996 novel The Call is modeled on Ablett. According to Flanagan, Wills and Ablett polarised opinion in similar ways, and displayed a lack of insight into their actions--they simply did what came naturally to them, "like a lot of artists". Ablett is the subject of the song "Kicking the Footy with God", released by The Bedroom Philosopher on his 2005 debut album In Bed with My Doona.  In 1996, Ablett was named in the AFL Team of the Century on the interchange bench, alongside Jack Dyer and Greg Williams. In 2001, Ablett was named in the Geelong Team of the Century, on a half forward flank. In 2005, a

user: What was his legacy like?

assistant: Ablett combined strength, speed, and skill to produce many spectacular highlights and goal-kicking feats.

user: What was some of his highlights

assistant: A noted big game player, Ablett kicked 43 goals in 11 State appearances.

user: Who did he play for

assistant: Geelong Team

user: Did he switch teams?

assistant: The following year, he was honoured yet again when he was voted as the Greatest Geelong player of all-time ahead of Graham Farmer.

user: What else was he known for?

assistant: He was awarded the Norm Smith Medal for his performance in the 1989 Grand Final, where
Título: Paolo Maldini
Seção: 2008-2009: Final years and retirement
Background: Paolo Cesare Maldini (Italian pronunciation: ['pa:olo mal'di:ni]; born 26 June 1968) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a left-back and central defender for A.C. Milan and the Italy national team. He spent all 25 seasons of his career in the Serie A with Milan, before retiring at the age of 41 in 2009. He won 23 trophies with Milan while in the squad: the UEFA Champions League five times, seven Serie A titles, one Coppa Italia, five Supercoppa Italiana titles, four European Super Cups, two Intercontinental Cups and one FIFA Club World Cup. Maldini made his debut for Italy in 1988, enjoying a 14-year career before retiring in 2002 with 126 caps, a record at the time, which has since only been topped by Fabio Cannavaro in 2009 and Gianluigi Buffon in 2013.

Conteúdo: On 16 February 2008, in the match against Parma at the Stadio Ennio Tardini, Maldini came on for defender Marek Jankulovski to make his 1,000th professional career appearance, of which 861 were with Milan, 12 with the Italy under-21 side, 1 with the Italian Olympic team and 126 with the Italy senior team. In European football, only the English goalkeeper Peter Shilton had collected more appearances at the time: 1,390 between 1966 and 1997. Maldini played his last game in the Champions League on 4 March 2008, a 2-0 loss at the San Siro in the last 16 against Arsenal which eliminated Milan from the 2007-08 Champions League. In 2008, Maldini was awarded the FIFA Order of Merit, as well as the Premio Internazionale Giacinto Facchetti, which is awarded to a player who was demonstrated both skill and fair play throughout his career.  On 18 April 2009, Maldini announced that he would be retiring at the end of the 2008-09 season. On 17 May 2009, in the Stadio Friuli, Maldini played his 900th official match for Milan in a league game against Udinese. Maldini's last match in San Siro was on 24 May, a 3-2 loss against Roma, and was given a standing ovation by the fans. There was a small controversy, however, when the Milan Ultras fans known as Brigate Rossonere protested against Maldini as he said goodbye. His last appearance for Milan, and his last game as an active player, was a 2-0 win against Fiorentina on 31 May 2009 in the last match of the Series A season. This win meant Milan fi

user: when did he retire?

assistant: On 18 April 2009, Maldini announced that he would be retiring at the end of the 2008-09 season.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: As they had previously done with Franco Baresi's number 6 shirt, Milan retired Maldini's number 3 shirt,

user: What was his stats?

assistant: 1,390 between 1966 and 1997.

user: Did he coach?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: John Witherspoon
Seção: Revolutionary War
Background: John Witherspoon (February 5, 1722 - November 15, 1794) was a Scottish-American Presbyterian minister and a Founding Father of the United States. Witherspoon embraced the concepts of Scottish Common Sense Realism, and while president of the College of New Jersey (1768-1794; now Princeton University), became an influential figure in the development of the United States' national character. Politically active, Witherspoon was a delegate from New Jersey to the Second Continental Congress and a signatory to the July 4, 1776, Declaration of Independence. He was the only active clergyman and the only college president to sign the Declaration.

Conteúdo: Long wary of the power of the British Crown, Witherspoon saw the growing centralization of government, progressive ideology of colonial authorities, and establishment of Episcopacy authority as a threat to the Liberties of the colonies. Of particular interest to Witherspoon was the crown's growing interference in the local and colonial affairs which previously had been the prerogatives and rights of the American authorities. When the crown began to give additional authority to its appointed Episcopacy over Church affairs, British authorities hit a nerve in the Presbyterian Scot, who saw such events in the same lens as his Scottish Covenanters. Soon, Witherspoon came to support the Revolution, joining the Committee of Correspondence and Safety in early 1774. His 1776 sermon "The Dominion of Providence over the Passions of Men" was published in many editions and he was elected to the Continental Congress as part of the New Jersey delegation, appointed Congressional Chaplain by the President of the Continental Congress John Hancock, and in July 1776, voted to adopt the Virginia Resolution for Independence. In answer to an objection that the country was not yet ready for independence, according to tradition he replied that it "was not only ripe for the measure, but in danger of rotting for the want of it." He lost a son during the Battle of Germantown in 1777.  Witherspoon served in Congress from June 1776 until November 1782 and became one of its most influential members and a w

user: Was John Witherspoon Part of politics during the revolutionary war?

assistant: He served on over 100 committees, most notably the powerful standing committees, the board of war and the committee on secret correspondence or foreign affairs.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: At the age of 68, he married a 24-year-old bride, with whom he had two more children.

user: Did he ever join congress or anything political during the war?

assistant: Witherspoon served in Congress from June 1776 until November 1782

user: What else was his role in the Revolutionary War?

assistant: He spoke often in debate; helped draft the Articles of Confederation; helped organize the executive departments;
Título: Arbi Barayev
Seção: Second Chechen War
Background: Arbi Alautdinovich Barayev (Chechen: Arbi Alautdinovich Baraev; 27 May 1974 - 22 June 2001) was a Chechen warlord, who in 1996 became the founder and first leader of the Special Purpose Islamic Regiment (SPIR) in Chechnya. Nicknamed The Terminator, Barayev and the SPIR were regarded as one of the main violent criminal organizations operating in Chechnya during the lawless interwar period that followed the 1994-1996 First Chechen War, driving out foreign journalists and humanitarian workers, while undermining the presidency of Aslan Maskhadov during Chechnya's de facto independence until 1999. After the restoration of Russian Federal control, Barayev openly lived in his home village until he was killed on 22 June, 2001.

Conteúdo: In August 1999, Russia launched the Second Chechen War in response to the Invasion of Dagestan by the Islamic International Brigade. Dagestan borders Chechnya to the east, and as part of the operation Russian troops entered Chechnya on 1 October to restore federal control over the country, effectively ending its de facto independence. In March 2000, during the early phase of the war, Barayev reportedly betrayed the Chechen field commander Ruslan Gelayev to the Russian military forces, resulting in the massacre of Gelayev's forces in the Battle of Komsomolskoye. According to another version, Barayev and his men merely bribed their way out of Komsomolskoye while leaving Gelayev and his people to their fate. The incident led to the declaration of revenge on the part of Gelayev, whose fighters then blew up several houses belonging to Barayev in his home village of Alkhan-Kala near Grozny, killed a number of his men, and even attempted to assassinate Barayev in Ingushetia. According to federal authorities, more than 40 Chechens died as a result of these clashes.  Chechen surgeon Khassan Baiev, who amputated a portion of the leg of Shamil Basayev after his injury on a minefield, also had operated on Salman Raduyev and Arbi Barayev himself, however Barayev promised to kill him because he would also help wounded Russian soldiers. Baiev described Barayev as "a born killer, and his men were desperados with blood vendettas proclaimed against them for murder. They joined Barayev for prot

user: What was his involvement in the war?

assistant: In August 1999, Russia launched the Second Chechen War

user: Why did they declare war?

assistant: in response to the Invasion of Dagestan by the Islamic International Brigade.

user: Who was Arbi Barayev?

assistant: Barayev reportedly betrayed the Chechen field commander Ruslan Gelayev to the Russian military forces,

user: Was Arbi captured?

assistant: fighters then blew up several houses belonging to Barayev in his home village of Alkhan-Kala near Grozny,

user: WHere was Barayev at this point?

assistant: Ingushetia.

user: Was he ever arrested?

assistant: Barayev freely lived in Alkhan-Kala

user: How was he able to do this?

assistant: using identity papers of an FSB officer,
Título: Camille Pissarro
Seção: Early years
Background: Camille Pissarro (French: [kamij pisaRo]; 10 July 1830 - 13 November 1903) was a Danish-French Impressionist and Neo-Impressionist painter born on the island of St Thomas (now in the US Virgin Islands, but then in the Danish West Indies). His importance resides in his contributions to both Impressionism and Post-Impressionism. Pissarro studied from great forerunners, including Gustave Courbet and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. He later studied and worked alongside Georges Seurat and Paul Signac when he took on the Neo-Impressionist style at the age of 54.

Conteúdo: Jacob Abraham Camille Pissarro was born on 10 July 1830 on the island of St. Thomas to Frederick and Rachel Manzano de Pissarro. His father was of Portuguese Jewish descent and held French nationality. His mother was from a French-Jewish family from the island of St. Thomas. His father was a merchant who came to the island from France to deal with the hardware store of a deceased uncle and married his widow. The marriage caused a stir within St. Thomas' small Jewish community because she was previously married to Frederick's uncle and according to Jewish law a man is forbidden from marrying his aunt. In subsequent years his four children were forced to attend the all-black primary school. Upon his death, his will specified that his estate be split equally between the synagogue and St. Thomas' Protestant church.  When Camille was twelve his father sent him to boarding school in France. He studied at the Savary Academy in Passy near Paris. While a young student, he developed an early appreciation of the French art masters. Monsieur Savary himself gave him a strong grounding in drawing and painting and suggested he draw from nature when he returned to St. Thomas, which he did when he was seventeen. However, his father preferred he work in his business, giving him a job working as a cargo clerk. He took every opportunity during those next five years at the job to practise drawing during breaks and after work.  When Pissarro turned twenty-one, Danish artist Fritz Melbye, then livi

user: Where was he born?

assistant: on the island of St. Thomas to Frederick and Rachel Manzano de Pissarro.

user: When did he show an interest in painting?

assistant: living on St. Thomas, inspired him to take on painting as a full-time profession, becoming his teacher and friend.

user: Did he go to school?

assistant: When Camille was twelve his father sent him to boarding school in France. He studied at the Savary Academy in Passy near Paris.

user: Did he do well at the acadamey?

assistant: While a young student, he developed an early appreciation of the French art masters. Monsieur Savary himself gave him a strong grounding in drawing and painting

user: Did he have siblings?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What were his parent's names?

assistant: Frederick and Rachel Manzano de Pissarro.
Título: John Cage
Seção: 1969-87: New departures
Background: John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 - August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music, electroacoustic music, and non-standard use of musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde. Critics have lauded him as one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was also instrumental in the development of modern dance, mostly through his association with choreographer Merce Cunningham, who was also Cage's romantic partner for most of their lives.

Conteúdo: Cage's work from the sixties features some of his largest and most ambitious, not to mention socially utopian pieces, reflecting the mood of the era yet also his absorption of the writings of both Marshall McLuhan, on the effects of new media, and R. Buckminster Fuller, on the power of technology to promote social change. HPSCHD (1969), a gargantuan and long-running multimedia work made in collaboration with Lejaren Hiller, incorporated the mass superimposition of seven harpsichords playing chance-determined excerpts from the works of Cage, Hiller, and a potted history of canonical classics, with fifty-two tapes of computer-generated sounds, 6,400 slides of designs, many supplied by NASA, and shown from sixty-four slide projectors, with forty motion-picture films. The piece was initially rendered in a five-hour performance at the University of Illinois in 1969, in which the audience arrived after the piece had begun and left before it ended, wandering freely around the auditorium in the time for which they were there.  Also in 1969, Cage produced the first fully notated work in years: Cheap Imitation for piano. The piece is a chance-controlled reworking of Erik Satie's Socrate, and, as both listeners and Cage himself noted, openly sympathetic to its source. Although Cage's affection for Satie's music was well-known, it was highly unusual for him to compose a personal work, one in which the composer is present. When asked about this apparent contradiction, Cage replied: "Obvio

user: What was the first piece that he composed?

assistant: HPSCHD (1969),

user: Which piece did he achieve fame for?

assistant: Cheap Imitation
Título: Thomas Nast
Seção: After Harper's Weekly
Background: Thomas Nast (; German: [nast]; September 27, 1840 - December 7, 1902) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist considered to be the "Father of the American Cartoon". He was the scourge of Democratic Representative "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic party political machine.

Conteúdo: In 1890, Nast published Thomas Nast's Christmas Drawings for the Human Race. He contributed cartoons in various publications, notably the Illustrated American, but was unable to regain his earlier popularity. His mode of cartooning had come to be seen as outdated, and a more relaxed style exemplified by the work of Joseph Keppler was in vogue. Health problems, which included pain in his hands which had troubled him since the 1870s, affected his ability to work.  In 1892, he took control of a failing magazine, the New York Gazette, and renamed it Nast's Weekly. Now returned to the Republican fold, Nast used the Weekly as a vehicle for his cartoons supporting Benjamin Harrison for president. The magazine had little impact and ceased publication seven months after it began, shortly after Harrison's defeat.  The failure of Nast's Weekly left Nast with few financial resources. He received a few commissions for oil paintings and drew book illustrations. In 1902, he applied for a job in the State Department, hoping to secure a consular position in western Europe. Although no such position was available, President Theodore Roosevelt was an admirer of the artist and offered him an appointment as the United States' Consul General to Guayaquil, Ecuador in South America. Nast accepted the position and traveled to Ecuador on July 1, 1902. During a subsequent yellow fever outbreak, Nast remained on the job, helping numerous diplomatic missions and businesses escape the contagion. He contra

user: What did Nast do after leaving Harper's Weekly?

assistant: The failure of Nast's Weekly left Nast with few financial resources.

user: Which newpapers did he work for?

assistant: the New York Gazette, and renamed it Nast's Weekly.

user: Where did he work after Nast' Weekly?

assistant: In 1902, he applied for a job in the State Department, hoping to secure a consular position in western Europe. Although no such position was available,
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user: How do I apply for retirement benefits?

assistant: Apply for retirement benefits

user: How do I apply?

assistant: with  an online retirement application that you can complete in as little as 15 minutes It 's so easy 

assistant: Do you need to complete your application in a different language other than English?

user: No need for that

user: Will it really only take 15 minutes?

assistant: you can complete in as little as 15 minutes