dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Charles Sanders Peirce
Seção: Poverty
Background: Charles Sanders Peirce (, like "purse"; September 10, 1839 - April 19, 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism". He was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for 30 years. Today he is appreciated largely for his contributions to logic, mathematics, philosophy, scientific methodology, and semiotics, and for his founding of pragmatism. An innovator in mathematics, statistics, philosophy, research methodology, and various sciences, Peirce considered himself, first and foremost, a logician.

Conteúdo: In 1887 Peirce spent part of his inheritance from his parents to buy 2,000 acres (8 km2) of rural land near Milford, Pennsylvania, which never yielded an economic return. There he had an 1854 farmhouse remodeled to his design. The Peirces named the property "Arisbe". There they lived with few interruptions for the rest of their lives, Charles writing prolifically, much of it unpublished to this day (see Works). Living beyond their means soon led to grave financial and legal difficulties. He spent much of his last two decades unable to afford heat in winter and subsisting on old bread donated by the local baker. Unable to afford new stationery, he wrote on the verso side of old manuscripts. An outstanding warrant for assault and unpaid debts led to his being a fugitive in New York City for a while. Several people, including his brother James Mills Peirce and his neighbors, relatives of Gifford Pinchot, settled his debts and paid his property taxes and mortgage.  Peirce did some scientific and engineering consulting and wrote much for meager pay, mainly encyclopedic dictionary entries, and reviews for The Nation (with whose editor, Wendell Phillips Garrison, he became friendly). He did translations for the Smithsonian Institution, at its director Samuel Langley's instigation. Peirce also did substantial mathematical calculations for Langley's research on powered flight. Hoping to make money, Peirce tried inventing. He began but did not complete a number of books. In 1888, Presi

user: Why was Charles Sanders Peirce poor?

assistant: spent part of his inheritance from his parents to buy 2,000 acres (8 km2) of rural land near Milford,

user: What is another factor to his poverty?

assistant: There he had an 1854 farmhouse remodeled to his design.

user: Did he rise to wealth after death?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did Peirce have a family to support?

assistant: his widow.
Título: Louis C.K.
Seção: 2005-2009: Breakthrough as a stand-up, Lucky Louie, and divorce
Background: Louis A. Szekely (born September 12, 1967), better known by his stage name Louis C.K. (), is an American stand-up comedian, writer, actor, and filmmaker. He is known for his use of observational, self-deprecating, dark, and shock humor. In 2012, C.K. won a Peabody Award and has received six Primetime Emmy Awards, as well as numerous awards for The Chris Rock Show, Louie, and his stand-up specials Live at the Beacon Theater (2011) and Oh My God (2013). He has won the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album twice.

Conteúdo: In August 2005, C.K. starred in a half-hour HBO special as part of the stand-up series One Night Stand. Inspired by the work ethic of fellow comedian George Carlin, who had committed to dropping all of his existing material and starting over every year, In June 2006, C.K. starred in and wrote Lucky Louie, a sitcom he created. The series premiered on HBO and was videotaped in front of a studio audience; it was HBO's first series in that format. Lucky Louie is described as a bluntly realistic portrayal of family life. HBO canceled the series after its first season. He appeared in three films in 2008: Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins, Diminished Capacity, and Role Models. C.K. launched his first hour-long special, Shameless, in 2007, which aired on HBO and was later released on DVD. In March 2008, he recorded a second hour-long special, Chewed Up, which premiered on Showtime Network on October 4, 2008, and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy or Variety Special.  C.K. and his wife Alix Bailey divorced in 2008, with C.K. and Bailey sharing joint custody of their children. In a 2010 interview, C.K. talked about how, after his divorce, he thought, "well, there goes my act." He alluded to the way that his marriage had been central to his act and his life, and he said that it took him approximately a year to realize "I'm accumulating stories here that are worth telling." One element in his preparation for stand-up was training at the same boxing gy

user: What was his first stand-up performance?

assistant: C.K. starred in a half-hour HBO special as part of the stand-up series One Night Stand.

user: Was the performance successful?

assistant: HBO canceled the series after its first season.

user: Who is Lucky Louie?

assistant: C.K. starred in and wrote Lucky Louie, a sitcom he created.

user: When did the sitcom air?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What other shows was he in?

assistant: In March 2008, he recorded a second hour-long special, Chewed Up,

user: Who was he married to?

assistant: Alix

user: What year did they divorce?

assistant: divorced in 2008,

user: What happened before their divorce?

assistant: Chewed Up, which premiered on Showtime Network on October 4, 2008, and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy or Variety Special.
How to apply for a VA home loan Certificate of Eligibility 
Learn how to apply for a VA home loan Certificate of Eligibility COE. This is the first step in getting a VA direct or VA - backed home loan. It confirms for your lender that you qualify for the VA home loan benefit. Then , choose your loan type and learn about the rest of the loan application process. 

How do I prepare before starting my application? 
Gather the information you ll need to apply for your COE. Click on the description below that matches you best to find out what you ll need : If you re a Veteran , you ll need a copy of your discharge or separation papers DD214. If you re an active - duty Servicemember , you ll need : A statement of service signed by your commander, adjutant, or personnel officer showing this information : Your full name Your Social Security number Your date of birth you entered duty The date The duration of any lost time The name of the command providing the information If you re a current or former activated National Guard or Reserve member , you ll need a copy of your discharge or separation papers DD214. If you re a current member of the National Guard or Reserves, and have never been activated , you ll need : A statement of service signed by your commander, adjutant, or personnel officer showing this information : Your full name Your Social Security number Your date of birth you entered duty The date Your total number of creditable years of service The duration of any lost time The name of the command providing the information If you re a discharged member of the National Guard and were never activated , you ll need : Your Report of Separation and Record of Service NGB Form 22 for each period of National Guard service , and Your Retirement Points Statement NGB Form 23 and proof of the character of service If you re a discharged member of the Reserves and were never activated , you ll need : A copy of your latest annual retirement points , and Proof of your honorable s

user: Hello, How can I get VA direct or VA-backed home loan?

assistant: Applying for your COE is only one part of the process for getting a VA direct or VA - backed home loan. Your next steps will depend on the type of loan you re looking to get and on your lender.

assistant: Do you want to know who will be your lender?

user: Yes, tell me, please.

assistant: For most loans, the lender will be a private bank or mortgage company.

user: How do I prepare before starting my application?

assistant: you'll need a statement of service signed by your commander, adjutant, or personnel officer.
Benefits Planner: Disability | How You Apply 
You should apply for disability benefits as soon as you become disabled. If you are ready to apply now , you can : Complete your application online. Call our toll - free telephone number If you are deaf or hard of hearing , you can call us at TTY Call or visit your local Social Security office. If you wish to help another person apply for disability benefits , please read. 

Information You Need To Apply 
Here is the kind of information you should have : 

Information About You 
Your Social Security number and proof of your age ; Names, addresses, and phone numbers of doctors, caseworkers, hospitals, and clinics that took care of you and the dates of your visits ; Names and dosages of all the medications you are taking ; Medical records from your doctors, therapists, hospitals, clinics, and caseworkers, that you already have in your possession ; Laboratory and test results ; A summary of where you worked and the kind of work you did ; and Your most recent W-2 form or , if you were self - employed , a copy of your federal tax return. 

Information About Family Members 
Social Security numbers and proof of age for each family member who may qualify for benefits ; and Proof of marriage , if your spouse is applying for benefits , as well as dates of prior marriages , if applicable. If you don't have all the documents you need , don't delay filing for benefits. We will help you get the information you need. 

More Help For Filing Your Claim 
Our Disability Starter Kit will help you get ready for your disability interview or online application. Starter kits are available in English or Spanish for adults and children under age 18. The online Application for Benefits also includes links to information that will help you complete the form. 

If Your Application Is Denied 
After we review your application and the information you provided , we may decide you do not meet the qualifications for disability benefits. If you disagree 

user: how do I apply for disability benefits?

assistant: first, it's always recommended to apply for the benefits as soon as you become disabled.

assistant: Do you want to apply now?

user: Yes, I'd like to apply now.

assistant: You can do it by completing your online application or you can call our toll-free number 1-800-772-1213.

user: and what information would be required from my family members if they want to apply too?

assistant: for those that qualify for the benefits, they should provide their social security number and proof of age.

user: And if it is my wife who wants to apply?

user: what if I want to help her apply for the disability benefits?

assistant: You can read all the information you need on our publications.
Título: Charles Willson Peale
Seção: American Revolution
Background: Peale was born in 1741 in Chester, Queen Anne's County, Maryland, the son of Charles Peale and his wife Margaret. He had a younger brother, James Peale (1749-1831). Charles became an apprentice to a saddle maker when he was thirteen years old. Upon reaching maturity, he opened his own saddle shop; however, when his Loyalist creditors discovered he had joined the Sons of Liberty, they conspired to bankrupt his business.

Conteúdo: Peale's enthusiasm for the nascent national government brought him to the capital, Philadelphia, in 1776, where he painted portraits of American notables and visitors from overseas. His estate, which is on the campus of La Salle University in Philadelphia, can still be visited. He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776, having participated in several battles. While in the field, he continued to paint, doing miniature portraits of various officers in the Continental Army. He produced enlarged versions of these in later years. He served in the Pennsylvania state assembly in 1779-1780, after which he returned to painting full-time.  Peale was quite prolific as an artist. While he did portraits of scores of historic figures (such as James Varnum, Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton), he is probably best known for his portraits of George Washington. The first time Washington sat for a portrait was with Peale in 1772, and they had six other sittings; using these seven as models, Peale produced altogether close to 60 portraits of Washington. In January 2005, a full-length portrait of Washington at Princeton from 1779 sold for $21.3 million, setting a record for the highest price paid for an American portrait.  One of his most celebrated paintings is The Staircase Group (1795), a double portrait of his sons Raphaelle and Titian, painted in the trompe l'oeil styl

user: What was Peales part in the American Revolution?

assistant: He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776,

user: Did he do anything else for the Militia?

assistant: He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1776,

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: He served in the Pennsylvania state assembly in 1779-1780, after which he returned to painting full-time.

user: What type of paintings did he do?

assistant: painted in the trompe l'oeil style.

user: Did he paint anyone famous?

assistant: James Varnum, Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton

user: Was he commissioned to paint anything?

assistant: $21.3 million, setting a record for the highest price paid for an American portrait.
Título: Jean-Michel Basquiat
Seção: Artistic styles
Background: Jean-Michel Basquiat was born in Brooklyn, New York, on December 22, 1960, shortly after the death of his elder brother, Max. He was the second of four children of Matilde Andrades (July 28, 1934 - November 17, 2008) and Gerard Basquiat (1930 - July 7, 2013). He had two younger sisters: Lisane, born in 1964, and Jeanine, born in 1967. His father, Gerard Basquiat, was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and his mother, Matilde Basquiat, who was of Puerto Rican descent, was born in Brooklyn, New York.

Conteúdo: "Basquiat's canon revolves around single heroic figures: athletes, prophets, warriors, cops, musicians, kings and the artist himself. In these images the head is often a central focus, topped by crowns, hats, and halos. In this way the intellect is emphasized, lifted up to notice, privileged over the body and the physicality of these figures (i.e. black men) commonly represent in the world."  Fred Hoffman hypothesizes that underlying Basquiat's sense of himself as an artist was his "innate capacity to function as something like an oracle, distilling his perceptions of the outside world down to their essence and, in turn, projecting them outward through his creative acts." Additionally, continuing his activities as a graffiti artist, Basquiat often incorporated words into his paintings. Before his career as a painter began, he produced punk-inspired postcards for sale on the street, and became known for the political-poetical graffiti under the name of SAMO. On one occasion Basquiat painted his girlfriend's dress with the words "Little Shit Brown". He would often draw on random objects and surfaces, including other people's property. The conjunction of various media is an integral element of Basquiat's art. His paintings are typically covered with text and codes of all kinds: words, letters, numerals, pictograms, logos, map symbols, diagrams and more.  A middle period from late 1982 to 1985 featured multi-panel paintings and individual canvases with exposed stretcher bars, the

user: What were the artistic styles?

assistant: revolves around single heroic figures: athletes, prophets, warriors, cops, musicians, kings and the artist himself.

user: What were these styles used on?

assistant: the head is often a central focus, topped by crowns, hats, and halos.

user: Were these featured in museums?

assistant: graffiti artist,

user: How was the grafitti viewed by the public?

assistant: The years 1984-85 were also the main period of the Basquiat-Warhol collaborations, even if, in general, they were not very well received by the critics.
Título: Clarence White
Seção: Musical influence
Background: Clarence White (born Clarence Joseph LeBlanc; June 7, 1944 - July 14, 1973), was an American bluegrass and country guitarist and singer. He is best known as a member of the bluegrass ensemble the Kentucky Colonels and the rock band the Byrds, as well as for being a pioneer of the musical genre of country rock during the late 1960s. White also worked extensively as a session musician, appearing on recordings by the Everly Brothers, Joe Cocker, Ricky Nelson, Pat Boone, the Monkees, Randy Newman, Gene Clark, Linda Ronstadt, Arlo Guthrie, and Jackson Browne amongst others. Together with frequent collaborator Gene Parsons, he invented the B-Bender, a guitar accessory that enables a player to mechanically bend the B-string up a whole tone and emulate the sound of a pedal steel guitar.

Conteúdo: Clarence White helped popularize the acoustic guitar as a lead instrument in bluegrass music, building on the work of guitarists such as Doc Watson. Prior to the advent of the more aggressive flatpicking style pioneered by guitarists like Watson and White, the guitar was strictly a rhythm instrument, save for a few exceptions (such as the occasional guitar track by banjoist Don Reno). Many of the most influential flatpickers of the 20th century cite White as a primary influence, including Dan Crary, Norman Blake, and Tony Rice. Rice owns and plays White's highly modified 1935 Martin D-28. David Grier and Russ Barenberg are two other acoustic guitarists who were heavily influenced by White's guitar work. White's bluegrass playing with the Kentucky Colonels was also a considerable influence on Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead, who traveled with the band during 1964.  On the electric side of the guitar spectrum, White was similarly influential. Together with fellow Byrds bandmember Gene Parsons, White invented the B-Bender device. This device raises the B-string (second string) of the guitar a whole step by the use of pulleys and levers attached to both the upper strap knob and the second string on the guitar. It is activated by pushing down on the neck, and produces a "pedal steel" type sound. Arlen Roth, heavily influenced by this style, did not at the time know that White and Parsons had invented a B-bender, so instead developed his own unique all-finger bending version of t

user: What influence did he have?

assistant: On the electric side of the guitar spectrum, White was similarly influential.

user: Are there specific  artists that were influenced?

assistant: Music archivist and writer Alec Palao has called White "one of a handful of true greats amongst the instrumentalists of 20th century popular music",

user: Did White influence the other side of the guitar spectrum?

assistant: before adding that "the waves created by the guitarist's idiosyncratic style are still forming ripples

user: What made White so great?

assistant: Clarence White helped popularize the acoustic guitar as a lead instrument in bluegrass music,
Disability Benefits | Apply For A Child (Under Age 18) 


To apply for a child... 
You will need to complete an Application for Supplemental Security Income SSI AND a Child Disability Report. The report collects information about the child's disabling condition and how it affects his / her ability to function. At this time , only the Child Disability Report can be completed online. Please contact us by phone or in person to schedule an appointment to complete the SSI application. We will help you in person or by phone. 

Steps to Apply 
REVIEW the Child Disability Starter Kit. This kit answers common questions about applying for Supplemental Security Income SSI benefits for children, and includes a worksheet that will help you gather the information you need. CONTACT Social Security right away to find out whether the income and resources of the parents and the child are within the allowed limits, and to start the SSI application process. FILL OUT the online Child Disability Report. At the end of the report , we will ask you to sign a form that gives the child's doctor permission to give us information about his / her disability. We need this information so that we can make a decision on the child's claim. If you do not want to do this report online or you need help , you can call us toll - free at 1 - 800 - 772 - 1213. If you are deaf or hard - of - hearing , call our toll - free TTY number , 1 - 800 - 325 - 0778. Representatives are available Monday through Friday between 8 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. 

user: Hi there. I'm looking information related to the help that can be received by a child.

assistant: Sure, no problem. Do you know which steps do you need to follow to apply?

user: No, not really. I hope you can guide me.

assistant: Sure. We are here to help, you want to know about the steps to follow?

user: Great. I don't know them, so please tell me about them.

user: Good, thank you. To apply this I can do it through phone?

assistant: Yes, you can do it in person and through phone.

user: Alright, in which hours I can contact you? and which days?

assistant: Representatives are available monday through friday between 8 a.m. and 5:30 p.m.
If you have a problem driver restriction , you can drive only to and from your place of employment during the hours of your employment , if your occupation requires the operation of a motor vehicle to and from a medical appointment which is part of a necessary medical treatment for you or a member of your household you may be required to provide a written statement from your licensed medical provider that verifies the travel is necessary to and from a Motor Vehicle office to transact business related to the license / permit / privilege that contains a problem driver restriction if the child's attendance at the school / day to and from a child's school / day - care - care is necessary for you to maintain employment or to maintain enrollment at an accredited school , college or university or a state - approved institution of vocational or technical training to and from an accredited school, college or university or a State - approved institution of vocational or technical training in which you are enrolled These restrictions are outlined on an attachment issued to you by the DMV. You must carry the attachment whenever you operate a motor vehicle. 

To which classes of license can a problem driver restriction be applied? 
The problem driver restriction can only be applied to a class D license. It cannot be applied to any commercial driver license CDL Class A, B or C, junior operator license Class DJ, motorcycle operator license Class M or MJ or a class E driver license. 

Can I drive through New York State with my out-of-state CDL license if my New York State record has the problem driver restriction? 
No. A driver with a CDL issued in another state cannot operate a commercial motor vehicle in New York State with a problem driver restriction on their New York State record. 

Can I drive through New York State with my out-of-state license with the problem driver restriction? 
Yes. You must carry your completed, signed and dated problem driver restriction attachment and 

user: How long will driver restriction be in effect?

assistant: Is your revocation due to an alcohol-related incident?
my Social Security | Security and Protection 


The Online Identity Verification Process 
One of our most important responsibilities is protecting your investment and personal information. Social Security takes this responsibility very seriously , and we have a robust cybersecurity program in place to help us succeed. Our security process follows federal guidelines that includes additional security measures so we can be sure that you are who you say you are when you conduct online business with us. To protect the privacy of your identity and your information , we are using a new identity verification process. The new process : Requires you to sign in with a username and password ; Offers extra security ; and Complies with federal laws, regulations, and guidelines. In addition to your username and password , you can choose either your cell phone or email address as your second identification method when you sign in to or register for my Social Security. Two forms of identification when signing in will help better protect your account from unauthorized use and potential identity fraud. Each time you sign in to your account , you will complete two steps : Enter your username and password. Enter the security code we send by text message or email , depending on your choice cell phone provider text message and data rates may apply. If you choose to receive your one - time security code through email , you can add NO-REPLY@ssa.gov to your contact list to make sure it does not go into your spam or junk folder. For additional tips to help you stay safe and secure online please visit the Federal Trade Commission's OnGuard Online. 

If You Cannot Or Do Not Want To Create An Account Online 
If you are unable or unwilling to create an online account , you may still create an account in person by visiting your local Social Security office. 

If You Want Extra Security 
We offer you the choice to add extra security when you create an online account. In the past , we told you Soc

user: I don't understand what kind of protection you have in place.

assistant: Are you trying to verify your identity online?

user: Yes, I can't get it to work.

assistant: We have these measures in place to keep your sensitive information safe.

assistant: Are your worried about your info being protected?

user: Yes.  I don't want just anyone getting into my account.

assistant: We have a new verifying process in place to make sure that doesn't happen.

user: I think I got a phishing email pretending to be you.  What do I do?

assistant: Are you certain it didn't come from Social Security?
The Graduated License Law and Restrictions for Drivers under 18[1] 
In addition to the learner permit restrictions that apply to everyone [2], the Graduated License Law places restrictions on drivers under 18 years of age who have a junior learner permit or junior driver license Class DJ, MJ or DJMJ. The restrictions depend on whether you have a junior learner permit or a junior driver license where and when you will be driving in New York State If you do not comply with these restrictions , your junior learner permit or junior driver license could be suspended or revoked for 60 days. 

Where will you be driving? 
Your driving privileges will vary depending on which of the following three geographic regions you will be driving in Upstate New York which is defined as any county north of the NYC border New York City which is defined by the five Boroughs Long Island which includes Nassau and Suffolk County 

Map of Regions 


What is the difference between junior learner permit or a junior driver license? 
a junior learner permit allows a young driver to drive only while supervised depending on the region in which you are driving , a junior driver license , may allow a young driver to drive unsupervised with certain restrictions. 

Can I drive outside of New York State with a junior learner permit or a junior driver license? 
You may drive outside New York State with your NY State junior learner permit or junior driver license if it is allowed by the laws of the other state. You must obey the junior permit and license restrictions that apply in that state. Check with the police or motor vehicle authorities in the state you will visit. 

Can I drive in New York State with a learner permit, junior learner or junior driver license from another state? 
If you are under age 16 , you cannot drive in New York State, even if you hold a permit or license issued by another state. If you are age 16 or older and hold a learner permit, junior learner permit, or junior driver lice

user: Tlak me about the Graduated License Law and Restrictions for Drivers under 18, please.

assistant: In addition to the learner permit restrictions that apply to everyone, the Graduate License Law imposes restrictions on drivers under the age of 18 who have a Junior Learner's Permit or a Junior Class DJ, MJ, or DJMJ driver's license. The restrictions depend on other factors.

assistant: Have you met the restrictions?
Medicare Benefits 


How To Apply Online For Just Medicare 
You can apply online for Medicare even if you are not ready to retire. Use our online application to sign up for Medicare. It takes less than 10 minutes. In most cases , once your application is submitted electronically , you re done. There are no forms to sign and usually no documentation is required. Social Security will process your application and contact you if we need more information. Otherwise , you ll receive your Medicare card in the mail. Learn more about your Medicare card. Apply for Medicare Only Return to Saved Application|Check Application Status|Replace Medicare Card Medicare is managed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CMS. Social Security works with CMS by enrolling people in Medicare. For more information about applying for Medicare only and delaying retirement benefits , visit Applying for Medicare Only Before You Decide. To find out what documents and information you need to apply , go to the Checklist For The Online Medicare, Retirement, And Spouses Application. 

New Medicare Cards 
To help protect your identity , Medicare has sent you a new Medicare card. Your new card will have a new Medicare Number that s unique to you, instead of your Social Security Number. If you did not receive your new Medicare card , there may be something that needs to be corrected, like your mailing address. You can update your mailing address by logging in to or creating your personal my Social Security account. 

Learn about Medicare 
Medicare is our country s health insurance program for people age 65 or older. Certain people younger than age 65 can qualify for Medicare, too, including those with disabilities and those who have permanent kidney failure. To learn more , read our Medicare publication. 

Already Enrolled in Medicare 
If you already have Medicare , you can get information and services online. Find out how to manage your benefits. If you already have Medicare Part A and wish

user: how does a person apply for medicare benefits?

assistant: are you applying for just medicare?

user: no i am asking for a friend

assistant: Did you get a new medicare card?

user: yes

assistant: thanks for the reply. do you have any other questions?

user: no I don't but thank you

assistant: Are you sure you got the new medicare card?

user: no i am not

user: Who can apply for Medicare online?

assistant: You can use our online Medicare application if you  Are at least 64 years and 9 months old
Título: Taylor Hicks
Seção: American Idol 2006
Background: Taylor Hicks was born in Birmingham, Alabama on October 7, 1976, to Bradley Hicks and Pamela Dickinson. He and his family moved to the suburb of Hoover when he was eight years old. His hair started turning gray by the time he was 14. His parents divorced, and stepmother Linda shared custody of their son until he became of age.

Conteúdo: Hicks auditioned for American Idol in Las Vegas, Nevada, on October 10, 2005. Hicks passed the audition with the approval of judges Randy Jackson and Paula Abdul, but not Simon Cowell, who said that Hicks would never make it to the final round. On Hicks's first performance for the voting public, Cowell called back to this quote, admitting he was wrong.  On the May 10, 2006, results show, Hicks along with Katharine McPhee and Elliott Yamin, were announced as the Top 3 finalists. On May 12, Idol producers brought Hicks to Birmingham for a weekend of promotional events including television interviews for the local Fox affiliate, a downtown parade, concerts, and an audience with Governor Bob Riley. May 12 was proclaimed "Taylor Hicks Day" and Hicks was given the key to the city. Also on May 12, Gov. Riley issued a proclamation making May 16 "Taylor Hicks Day".  Hicks was named the new American Idol on May 24, 2006, winning the title over McPhee, with over 63.4 million votes cast in total. The proclamation was aired to a worldwide audience of 200 million television viewers. With his win at age 29, Hicks became the oldest contestant to win American Idol. He was also the first male contestant to win the competition without ever being in the bottom two or three, as well as the first Caucasian male winner.  In June 2006, Ford Motor Company, the show's major sponsor, signed Hicks to promote Ford's "Drive on Us" year-end sales event. He was also named Hottest Bachelor by People magazine

user: How old was Taylor Hicks when he appeared on American Idol?

assistant: With his win at age 29,

user: What song did he perform in his audition?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What did the judges say about Taylor Hicks?

assistant: the approval of judges Randy Jackson and Paula Abdul, but not Simon Cowell, who said that Hicks would never make it to the final round.

user: Who did Taylor go up against in the Finals?

assistant: Katharine McPhee and Elliott Yamin,
Título: Immanuel Kant
Seção: Political philosophy
Background: Immanuel Kant (; German: [I'ma:nue:l kant]; 22 April 1724 - 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher who is a central figure in modern philosophy. Kant argues that the human mind creates the structure of human experience, that reason is the source of morality, that aesthetics arises from a faculty of disinterested judgment, that space and time are forms of human sensibility, and that the world as it is "in-itself" is independent of humanity's concepts of it. Kant took himself to have effected a "Copernican revolution" in philosophy, akin to Copernicus' reversal of the age-old belief that the sun revolves around the earth.

Conteúdo: In "Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch", Kant listed several conditions that he thought necessary for ending wars and creating a lasting peace. They included a world of constitutional republics. His classical republican theory was extended in the Science of Right, the first part of the Metaphysics of Morals (1797). Kant believed that universal history leads to the ultimate world of republican states at peace, but his theory was not pragmatic. The process was described in "Perpetual Peace" as natural rather than rational:  The guarantee of perpetual peace is nothing less than that great artist, nature...In her mechanical course we see that her aim is to produce a harmony among men, against their will, and indeed through their discord. As a necessity working according to laws we do not know, we call it destiny. But, considering its designs in universal history, we call it "providence," inasmuch as we discern in it the profound wisdom of a higher cause which predetermines the course of nature and directs it to the objective final end of the human race.  Kant's political thought can be summarized as republican government and international organization. "In more characteristically Kantian terms, it is doctrine of the state based upon the law (Rechtsstaat) and of eternal peace. Indeed, in each of these formulations, both terms express the same idea: that of legal constitution or of 'peace through law'. Taken simply by itself, Kant's political philosophy, being essentially a le

user: What was Kant's political philosophy?

assistant: listed several conditions that he thought necessary for ending wars and creating a lasting peace. They included a world of constitutional republics.

user: What were the conditions?

assistant: His classical republican theory was extended in the Science of Right, the first part of the Metaphysics of Morals (1797).
Título: Nicklas Lidström
Seção: Playing career
Background: Erik Nicklas Lidstrom (pronounced ['nIklas 2li:dstroem]; born 28 April 1970) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey defenceman who played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Detroit Red Wings, which he captained for the final six seasons of his career. He is widely regarded to be one of the greatest defensemen in NHL history. Over his 20 NHL seasons, Lidstrom won four Stanley Cup championships, seven James Norris Memorial Trophies (awarded to the NHL's top defenceman), one Conn Smythe Trophy as the playoff MVP, and was voted into 12 NHL All-Star Games. The Red Wings never missed the postseason during his career, the longest in league history for a player never missing the playoffs.

Conteúdo: Widely considered one of the greatest defencemen of all time, Lidstrom was awarded the Norris Trophy seven times, a feat matched by only two other players: Doug Harvey and by Bobby Orr (who won the trophy eight times). Lidstrom was nominated for the award a total of 12 times in his last 14 seasons in the NHL, the first three times finishing as the runner-up, and won it in seven of his last ten (2004-05 had no winner due to the NHL lockout). In 14 consecutive seasons (since 1995-96), he finished no lower than sixth place in Norris Trophy voting.  Lidstrom played his entire 20-year NHL career with the Detroit Red Wings, finishing his career with the second-most Stanley Cup playoff games played in NHL history, with 263 appearances (Chris Chelios ranks first with 266). He was a member of four Stanley Cup-winning teams in 1996-97, 1997-98, 2001-02 and 2007-08. With the exception of the cancelled 2004-05 season lockout year, Lidstrom played in the playoffs for an NHL record 20 consecutive seasons (an honor he shares with Larry Robinson).  Known for his durability, Lidstrom consistently ranked amongst the top in the NHL in ice time per game. He averaged 28:07 minutes in the 2005-06 season, a career high. He won three consecutive Norris Trophies, from 2001 to 2003, becoming the first defenceman since Bobby Orr to win three straight. In the 2003-04 season, he played in his 1,000th game of his career, having missed only 17 games in 12-and-a-half seasons (1994-95 was shortened to 48 gam

user: When did his playing career start?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What teams did he play for?

assistant: Detroit Red Wings,

user: What position did he play for the Detroit Red Wings?

assistant: Widely considered one of the greatest defencemen of all time,

user: What happened while he played for the Red Wings?

assistant: He was a member of four Stanley Cup-winning teams in 1996-97, 1997-98, 2001-02 and 2007-08.

user: What else did he achieve on the Red Wings?

assistant: Known for his durability, Lidstrom consistently ranked amongst the top in the NHL in ice time per game.
Título: The Birthday Party (band)
Seção: Name change and relocations (1978-1982)
Background: The Birthday Party (originally known as The Boys Next Door) were an Australian post-punk band, active from 1978 to 1983. Despite limited commercial success, The Birthday Party's influence has been far-reaching, and they have been called "one of the darkest and most challenging post-punk groups to emerge in the early '80s." The group's "bleak and noisy soundscapes," which drew irreverently on blues, free jazz, and rockabilly, provided the setting for vocalist Nick Cave's disturbing tales of violence and perversion. Their music has been described by critic Simon Reynolds as gothic, and their single "Release the Bats" was particularly influential on the emerging gothic scene.

Conteúdo: The Boys Next Door's best known song, "Shivers", written by Howard, and first performed and recorded by his band The Young Charlatans, was banned by radio stations because of a reference to suicide. After recordings and moderate success in Australia (including hundreds of live shows) they headed for London in 1980, changed their name to The Birthday Party and launched into a period of innovative and aggressive music-making. Some sources say the band took its new name from the Harold Pinter play The Birthday Party; others (including Ian Johnston's Cave biography) state it was prompted by Cave misremembering, or intentionally misattributing, the name to a non-existent birthday party scene in the Dostoyevsky novel Crime and Punishment. In a 2008 interview, Rowland S. Howard gave his own recollection: "The name The Birthday Party came up in conversation between Nick and myself. There's this apocryphal story about it coming from a Dostoyevsky novel. It may have had various connotations, but what he and I spoke about was a sense of celebration and making things into more an occasion and ritual". They resided in London, with trips back to Australia and tours through Europe and the U.S. before relocating to West Berlin in 1982.  Above the barely-controlled racket, Cave's vocals ranged from desperate to simply menacing and demented. Critics have written that "neither John Cale nor Alfred Hitchcock was ever this scary," and that Cave "doesn't so much sing his vocals as expel them from 

user: who were the original members of the band?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what was the original band name?

assistant: The Boys Next Door's best known song, "Shivers", written by Howard, and first performed and recorded by his band The Young Charlatans,

user: what type of music was it?

assistant: launched into a period of innovative and aggressive music-making.

user: what was another popular song of theirs?

assistant: The single "Release the Bats" came out during the emergence of the gothic scene.

user: what year did it come out?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: did their style change over time?

assistant: his singing with the Birthday Party remains powerful and distinct.

user: what was their last band name?

assistant: the Birthday Party
Medicare Premiums: Rules For Higher-Income Beneficiaries 
The law requires an adjustment to your monthly Medicare Part B medical insurance and Medicare prescription drug coverage premiums. This affects less than five percent of people with Medicare. Most people don t pay higher premiums. 

If You Have a Higher Income 
If you have higher income , you ll pay an additional premium amount for Medicare Part B and Medicare prescription drug coverage. We call the additional amount the income - related monthly adjustment amount. Here s how it works : Part B helps pay for your doctors services and outpatient care. It also covers other medical services, such as physical and occupational therapy, and some home health care. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a substantial portion about 75 percent of the Part B premium , and the beneficiary pays the remaining 25 percent. If we determine you re a higher - income beneficiary , you ll pay a larger percentage of the total cost of Part B based on the income you normally report to the Internal Revenue Service IRS. You ll pay monthly Part B premiums equal to 35 , 50 , 65 , 80, or 85 percent of the total cost, depending on what you report to the IRS. Medicare prescription drug coverage helps pay for your prescription drugs. For most beneficiaries , the government pays a major portion of the total costs for this coverage , and the beneficiary pays the rest. Prescription drug plan costs vary depending on the plan, and whether you get the Extra Help, also known as the subsidy, with your portion of the Medicare prescription drug coverage costs. If you re a higher - income beneficiary with Medicare prescription drug coverage , you ll pay monthly premiums plus an additional amount, which is based on what you report to the IRS. Because individual plan premiums vary , the law specifies that the amount is determined using a base premium. We tie the additional amount you pay to the base beneficiary premium, not your own premium amount

user: Hello, can you tell me more about the Rules for beneficiaries with higher incomes?

assistant: It is noteworthy that the law requires an adjustment to your monthly health insurance.

user: What if I must pay more for Medicare prescription drug coverage?

assistant: You should contact the Centers for Medicare Services to make a correction.

user: Perfect, can you give me more information on the subject?

assistant: It is important that you search for information about the monthly adjustment amounts related to income.

user: What is the process to apply for Medicare Part A or B?

assistant: Look for more information on the Medicare Resources website.

user: What is the monthly adjustment related to 2020 income?

assistant: The most recent federal tax return provided by the IRS is important.
Título: Count Dracula
Seção: Powers and weaknesses
Background: Count Dracula is the title character of Bram Stoker's 1897 gothic horror novel Dracula. He is considered to be both the prototypical and the archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction. He is also depicted in the novel to be the origin of werewolf legends. Some aspects of the character are believed to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian Prince Vlad the Impaler, who was also known as Dracula.

Conteúdo: Count Dracula is portrayed in the novel using many different supernatural abilities, and is believed to have gained his abilities through dealings with the Devil. Chapter 18 of the novel describes many of the abilities, limitations and weaknesses of vampires and Dracula in particular. Dracula has superhuman strength which, according to Van Helsing, is equivalent to that of 20 strong men. He does not cast a shadow or have a reflection from mirrors. He is immune to conventional means of attack; a sailor tries to stab him in the back with a knife, but the blade goes through his body as though it is air. Why Harker's and Morris' physical attacks are able to harm him in other parts of the book is never explained although it is noteworthy that the failed stabbing by the sailor occurred at night and the successful attacks were during daylight hours. The Count can defy gravity to a certain extent and possesses superhuman agility, able to climb vertical surfaces upside down in a reptilian manner. He can travel onto "unhallowed" ground such as the graves of suicides and those of his victims. He has powerful hypnotic, telepathic and illusionary abilities. He also has the ability to "within limitations" vanish and reappear elsewhere at will. If he knows the path, he can come out from anything or into anything regardless of how close it is bound even if it is fused with fire.  He has amassed cunning and wisdom throughout centuries, and he is unable to die by the mere passing of time alone

user: What was the Dracula Powers ?

assistant: Dracula has superhuman strength which, according to Van Helsing, is equivalent to that of 20 strong men.