Título: Mandaeism
Seção: Etymology
Background: Mandaeism or Mandaeanism (Arabic: mndy'y@ Manda'iyah) is a gnostic religion with a strongly dualistic worldview. Its adherents, the Mandaeans, revere Adam, Abel, Seth, Enos, Noah, Shem, Aram, and especially John the Baptist. The Aramaic manda means "knowledge", as does Greek gnosis. According to most scholars, Mandaeaism originated sometime in the first three centuries AD, in Mesopotamia.

Conteúdo: The term Mandaeism comes from Classical Mandaic Mandaiia and appears in Neo-Mandaic as Mandeyana. On the basis of cognates in other Aramaic dialects, Semiticists such as Mark Lidzbarski and Rudolf Macuch have translated the term manda, from which Mandaiia derives, as "knowledge" (cf. Aramaic: man@da'` manda` in Dan. 2:21, 4:31, 33, 5:12; cf. Hebrew: mada'` madda`, with characteristic assimilation of /n/ to the following consonant, medial -nd- hence becoming -dd-). This etymology suggests that the Mandaeans may well be the only sect surviving from late Antiquity to identify themselves explicitly as Gnostics.  Other scholars derive the term mandaiia from Manda d-Heyyi (Mandaic manda d-hiia "Knowledge of Life," in reference to the chief divinity hiia rbia "the Great Life") or from the word (bi)mandi, which is the cultic hut in which many Mandaean ceremonies are performed (such as the baptism, which is the central sacrament of Mandaean religious life). This last term is possibly to be derived from Pahlavi m'nd mand ("house").  Within the Middle East, but outside of their community, the Mandaeans are more commonly known as the Subba (singular: Subbi). The term Subba is derived from the Aramaic root related to baptism, the neo-Mandaic is Sabi. In Islam, the term "Sabians" (Arabic: lSby'wn al-Sabi`un) is used as a blanket term for adherents of a number of religions, including that of the Mandaeans, in reference to the Sabians of the Qur'an. Occasionally, Mandaeans are called "Christ

user: What was the origin of the name Mandaeism?

assistant: The term Mandaeism comes from Classical Mandaic Mandaiia and appears in Neo-Mandaic as Mandeyana.

user: What does it mean?

assistant: have translated the term manda, from which Mandaiia derives, as "knowledge" (

user: What is the translation?

assistant: " (cf. Aramaic: man@da'` manda` in Dan. 2:21, 4:31, 33, 5:12; cf. Hebrew: mada'` madda`, with characteristic assimilation of /n/

user: What does the title mean?

assistant: Other scholars derive the term mandaiia from Manda d-Heyyi (Mandaic manda d-hiia "Knowledge of Life," in reference to the chief divinity

user: Who is the chief divinity?

assistant: hiia rbia "the Great Life")

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Within the Middle East, but outside of their community, the Mandaeans are more commonly known as the Subba (singular: Subbi

user: What are the perceptions of the Subba?

assistant: In Islam, the term "Sabians" (Arabic: lSby'wn al-Sabi`un) is used as a blanket term for adherents of a number of religions,

user: What does the term mean?

assistant: in reference to the Sabians of the Qur'an. Occasionally, Mandaeans are called "Christians of Saint John

user: What else can you tell me about Mandaiesm and its books?

assistant: ). This last term is possibly to be derived from Pahlavi m'nd mand ("house").