dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Ayaan Hirsi Ali
Seção: Heretic: Why Islam Needs a Reformation Now
Background: Ayaan Hirsi Ali (; Dutch: [a:'ja:n 'hi:rsi 'a:li] ( listen); born Ayaan Hirsi Magan, 13 November 1969) is a Somali-born Dutch-American activist, feminist, author, scholar and former politician.

Conteúdo: Susan Dominus of the New York Times wrote: "In "Heretic," Hirsi Ali forgoes autobiography for the most part in favor of an extended argument. But she has trouble making anyone else's religious history  - even that of Muhammad himself, whose life story she recounts  - as dramatic as she has made her own. And she loses the reader's trust with overblown rhetoric. ... She tries to warn Americans about their naivete in the face of encroaching Islamic influences, maintaining that officials and journalists, out of cultural sensitivity, sometimes play down the honor killings that occur in the West."  The Economist wrote: "Unfortunately, very few Muslims will accept Ms Hirsi Ali's full-blown argument, which insists that Islam must change in at least five important ways. A moderate Muslim might be open to discussion of four of her suggestions if the question were framed sensitively. Muslims, she says, must stop prioritizing the afterlife over this life; they must "shackle sharia" and respect secular law; they must abandon the idea of telling others, including non-Muslims, how to behave, dress or drink; and they must abandon holy war. However, her biggest proposal is a show-stopper: she wants her old co-religionists to "ensure that Muhammad and the Koran are open to interpretation and criticism"."  Clifford May of The Washington Times wrote: "The West is enmeshed in 'an ideological conflict' that cannot be won 'until the concept of jihad has itself been decommissioned.'" May goes on to 

user: What is the Heretic

assistant: "In "Heretic," Hirsi Ali forgoes autobiography for the most part in favor of an extended argument. But she has trouble

user: what trouble does she have

assistant: she has trouble making anyone else's religious history

user: did she think islam needs a reformation

assistant: She tries to warn Americans about their naivete in the face of encroaching Islamic influences,

user: what else does she try to warn them about

assistant: maintaining that officials and journalists, out of cultural sensitivity, sometimes play down the honor killings that occur in the West."

user: Why did she believe that

assistant: Ms Hirsi Ali's full-blown argument, which insists that Islam must change in at least five important ways.

user: what are those 5 ways

assistant: Muslims, she says, must stop prioritizing the afterlife over this life; they must "shackle sharia" and respect secular law;

user: what was another one

assistant: they must abandon the idea of telling others, including non-Muslims, how to behave, dress or drink;

user: What is the third one

assistant: they must abandon holy war.
Título: Greg Gutfeld
Seção: Career
Background: Gutfeld was born in San Mateo, California, the son of Jacqueline Bernice "Jackie" (nee Cauhape) and Alfred Jack Gutfeld. His father was of German Jewish-Catholic and Irish descent, while his mother was of Irish, French, and Mexican ancestry. He attended Junipero Serra High School and the University of California, Berkeley, graduating in 1987 with a B.A. in English.

Conteúdo: After college he had an internship at The American Spectator, as an assistant to conservative writer R. Emmett Tyrrell. He then worked as a staff writer at Prevention magazine and in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, as an editor at various Rodale Press magazines. In 1995 he became a staff writer at Men's Health. He was promoted to editor in chief of Men's Health in 1999. A year later, he was replaced by David Zinczenko. Gutfeld then became editor in chief of Stuff, increasing circulation from 750,000 to 1.2 million during his tenure. In 2003 he hired several dwarfs to attend a conference of the "Magazine Publishers of America" on the topic of "buzz", with instructions to be as loud and annoying as possible. The stunt generated publicity but led to Gutfeld's being fired soon afterward; he was then made head of "brain development" at Dennis Publishing.  He edited Maxim magazine in the UK from 2004 to 2006. Gutfeld's contract expired without renewal after losses in readership under his tenure.  Gutfeld was one of the first posting contributors to The Huffington Post from its launch in 2005 until October 2008; frequent targets of his sarcasm included his colleagues Deepak Chopra, Cenk Uygur, Arianna Huffington, and Huffington Post bloggers. Many of his Huffington Post commentaries/blogs are available on its website. Gutfeld has his own blog site, The Daily Gut.  Beginning on February 5, 2007, Gutfeld hosted the hour-long Fox News Channel late-night program, Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld. From 200

user: What happened in Gred's career?

assistant: He then worked as a staff writer at Prevention magazine

user: Which of his work was noteworthy?

assistant: Gutfeld then became editor in chief of Stuff, increasing circulation from 750,000 to 1.2 million during his tenure.
Título: Saosin
Seção: Formation and Translating the Name (2003-2004)
Background: Saosin is an American post-hardcore band from Orange County, California, United States. The band was formed in 2003 and recorded its first EP, Translating the Name, that same year original vocalist Anthony Green left Saosin due to personal reasons. In 2004, Cove Reber replaced Green as vocalist after auditioning for the role. The group recorded its self titled debut album which was released on Capitol Records on September 26, 2006.

Conteúdo: The original lineup for Saosin, consisting of Burchell, Shekoski, Kennedy and Green, was formed in the summer of 2003. On June 17, the band released their first commercial production, the EP Translating the Name. It was an immediate success and was immensely popular on online forums and music sites. Saosin first became popular through promotion and exposure through the Internet. They became known for their distinct musical styles long before their first studio-length album was released, and were popularized on social networking and music sites such as MySpace. The E.P. has sold an estimated 62,000 copies.  Bassist Zach Kennedy left the band early on, as he wanted to pursue a career in art. He was later replaced by Chris Sorenson. A local Southern Califonian drummer by the name of Pat Magrath,  was hired only for the recording for the EP, according to Burchell. The band was impressed with his drumming skills however, and he later appeared as a guest performing Lost Symphonies live with the band. Alex Rodriguez was unable to record Translating the Name as he had promised his band at the time Open Hand he would finish recording with them. Danny King filled in for live drums with the band before Rodriguez completed his responsibilities with Open Hand and joined Saosin full-time after the EP release. Saosin went on a U.S. tour with bands Boys Night Out and Anatomy of a Ghost shortly after the release of Translating the Name.  In February 2004, the band's vocalist Anthony Green lef

user: Who formed Saosin?

assistant: original lineup for Saosin, consisting of Burchell, Shekoski, Kennedy and Green,

user: When was the band founded?

assistant: formed in the summer of 2003.

user: What was their first album?

assistant: first commercial production, the EP Translating the Name.

user: Where was the album released?

assistant: on online forums and music sites.

user: How did the album do?

assistant: It was an immediate success and was immensely popular on online forums and music sites.

user: Did anyone leave the band?

assistant: Bassist Zach Kennedy left the band early on,

user: Why did he leave?

assistant: he wanted to pursue a career in art.

user: Did anyone else leave?

assistant: In February 2004, the band's vocalist Anthony Green left Saosin
Título: Osceola
Seção: 1830s resistance and war leader
Background: Osceola was named Billy Powell at birth in 1804 in the Creek village of Talisi. now known as Tallassee, Alabama, in current Elmore County. "The people in the town of Tallassee...were mixed-blood Native American/English/Irish/Scottish, and some were black. Billy was all of these."

Conteúdo: Through the 1820s and the turn of the decade, American settlers kept up pressure on the US government to remove the Seminole from Florida to make way for their desired agricultural development. In 1832, a few Seminole chiefs signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing, by which they agreed to give up their Florida lands in exchange for lands west of the Mississippi River in Indian Territory. According to legend, Osceola stabbed the treaty with his knife, although there are no contemporary reports of this.  Five of the most important Seminole chiefs, including Micanopy of the Alachua Seminole, did not agree to removal. In retaliation, the US Indian agent, Wiley Thompson, declared that those chiefs were deposed from their positions. As US relations with the Seminole deteriorated, Thompson forbade the sale of guns and ammunition to them. Osceola, a young warrior rising to prominence, resented this ban. He felt it equated the Seminole with slaves, who were forbidden to carry arms.  Thompson considered Osceola to be a friend and gave him a rifle. Osceola had a habit of barging into Thompson's office and shouting complaints at him. On one occasion Osceola quarreled with Thompson who had the warrior locked up at Fort King for a two nights until he agreed to be more respectful. In order to secure his release, Osceola agreed to sign the Treaty of Payne's Landing and to bring his followers into the fort. After his humiliating imprisonment, Osceola secretly prepared vengeance against Thompson.

user: What happened in the 1830s?

assistant: 1832, a few Seminole chiefs signed the Treaty of Payne's Landing, by which they agreed to give up their Florida lands

user: Did Osceola sign the treaty?

assistant: Five of the most important Seminole chiefs, including Micanopy of the Alachua Seminole, did not agree to removal.
In most cases , you will continue to receive benefits as long as you are disabled. However , there are certain circumstances that may change your continuing eligibility for disability benefits. For example , your health may improve to the point where you are no longer disabled or you go back to work. The law requires that we review your case from time to time to verify that you are still disabled. We tell you if it is time to review your case and we also keep you informed about your benefit status. 

Reviewing Your Disability 
In general , your benefits will continue as long as you are disabled. How often we review your case depends on whether your condition is expected to improve. If medical improvement is : " Expected , " your case will normally be reviewed within six to 18 months after your benefits start. " Possible , " your case will normally be reviewed no sooner than three years. " Not expected , " your case will normally be reviewed no sooner than seven years. 

What Can Cause Benefits to Stop? 
Two things can cause us to decide that you are no longer disabled and to stop your benefits : if you work at a level we consider " substantial. " In 2019 , average earnings of $1,220 or more per month $2,040 or more per month if you are blind are usually considered substantial. if we decide that your medical condition has improved to the point that you are no longer disabled. Remember , you are responsible for promptly reporting any improvement in your condition, or if you return to work. The booklet we send you when your application is approved explains what you need to report to us. 

If You Go Back To Work 
If you're like most people , you would rather work than try to live on disability benefits. There are special rules that help you keep your cash benefits and Medicare while you test your ability to work. We call these rules " work incentives. " For more information about Social Security work incentives , read Working While Disabled : How We Can Help. 

Publicat

user: I need help understanding my disability benefits.

assistant: You will continue to have benefits as long as you are disabled.

assistant: Has your health improved?

user: No, not yet.

user: Am I allowed to work?

assistant: Yes, but we do have limits on how much one can work and still receive benefits.
Título: James (band)
Seção: Line-up changes and success: 1988-1992
Background: James is an English rock band from Manchester, which was formed in 1982 and enjoyed popularity throughout the 1990s. The band's best-known singles include "Come Home", "Sit Down", "She's a Star" and "Laid", which also became a hit on American college radio. Following the departure of lead singer Tim Booth in 2001, the band became inactive, but reunited in January 2007 and has gone on to produce a further three albums, cementing their reputation as one of the most iconic live British bands. James's hit single Come Home was voted the greatest ever Manchester anthem in a radio poll.

Conteúdo: In November 1988, drummer Whelan became involved in an on-stage fight with Booth and was asked to leave the band. He was replaced by David Baynton-Power a few months later. During the following year James greatly expanded their lineup and sound palette by hiring three new members -- guitarist-violinist-percussionist Saul Davies (whom Gott recruited from an amateur blues night), keyboard player Mark Hunter and onetime Diagram Brothers/ Dislocation Dance / The Cotton Singers Pale Fountains trumpeter/percussionist Andy Diagram (the latter a noted avant-garde musician). This new seven-piece line-up went into the studio to record the third James album.  New singles "Sit Down" and "Come Home" became strong hits in the independent charts, and the latter featured on the compilation album Happy Daze. The album Gold Mother was intended to be released on Rough Trade but the owner of the label, Geoff Travis, believed James could only reach an audience of 20,000 to 30,000. The band believed they had more potential than this and bought the rights to the album from Rough Trade. A successful winter tour in 1989 attracted a deal with Fontana Records, and the band ended a difficult decade on an optimistic note.  Gold Mother was released in June 1990, just as the 'Madchester' movement, with its wave of popular Manchester-based indie bands, focused public attention on James and won them mainstream recognition. Singles "How Was It for You", the remixed "Come Home" and "Lose Control" all made the 

user: how long were they together?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: how many albums did they release?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Ricky Martin
Seção: 1999-2002: Crossover to English
Background: Enrique Martin Morales (born December 24, 1971), commonly known as Ricky Martin, is a Puerto Rican singer, actor and author. Martin began his career at age 12 with the all-boy pop group Menudo. After five years with the group, he released several Spanish-language solo albums throughout the 1990s. He also acted on stage and on TV in Mexico, where he achieved modest stardom.

Conteúdo: After receiving commercial success throughout Asia, Europe, and Latin America, Martin prepared his first English album in 1999 in an attempt to cross over to the United States market. The self-titled album, which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and sold 661,000 copies in its first week of release, became the most successful album debut on the Billboard charts by a Hispanic artist. It contained material by writers and producers such as Desmond Child, Diane Warren, William Orbit, George Noriega and his longtime childhood friend Draco Rosa. The album also featured special guests: Madonna on the Spanish-English duet "Be Careful (Cuidado con mi Corazon)" and Meja on "Private Emotion". Two weeks after the album's release, Martin was featured on the cover of Time with the title "Latin Music Goes Pop!". Before the album's release, Janet Jackson collaborated with Ricky Martin for the Latin American version of "Ask for More", a promotional single and commercial released as part of an advertising campaign for soft drink company Pepsi.  The first and most prominent single was "Livin' la Vida Loca", which reached number one in many countries around the world, including the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand. "Livin' la Vida Loca" is Ricky Martin's biggest hit. The video for "Livin 'La Vida Loca" was directed by Wayne Isham and starring model Nina Moric. It was followed by "She's All I Ever Had" which peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100. Bot

user: How many songs did he have in Spanish?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What was his crossover to English?

assistant: Martin prepared his first English album in 1999 in an attempt to cross over to the United States market.

user: What album was this?

assistant: The first and most prominent single was "Livin' la Vida Loca", which reached number one in many countries around the world, including the United States,

user: What other countries was it number one in?

assistant: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand. "

user: What other Albums is he known for?

assistant: It was followed by "She's All I Ever Had" which peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100. Both tracks peaked at number one on the Hot Latin Songs.
Título: Wu-Tang Clan
Seção: Foundation and name
Background: Wu-Tang Clan  is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa. Cappadonna later became an official member of the group. The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums. Its 1993 debut album, Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers), is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.

Conteúdo: All in Together Now was never signed to a record label. See, me, GZA, and ODB had a crew called FOI: Force of the Imperial Master, nah mean? We made a song, called "All in Together Now", which became famous on tapes throughout Brooklyn, Downtown Staten Island, New York, all the way down to Miami. I remember Biz Markie, when he was famous and I wasn't famous, and he was like: "Yo! I heard that shit! Your song with Ason Unique and The Specialist." I was the Scientist. So we never got signed as a group back then. We never had a serious record deal under that title.  The Wu-Tang Clan was assembled in the early 1990s with RZA as the de facto leader and the group's producer. Method Man - who met RZA in 1990 after hearing a tape the producer recorded as Prince Rakeem - recalled:  I went round his house. We went to the basement and I guess they was showin' off 'cos I was there. There'd be RZA and his brother Devon on the decks. RZA was cuttin', Devon'd go cut off the light, then RZA's go cut on the light, Devon'd be cutting, then he'd go cut off the light. They was doing some wild shit, man. And Ol' Dirty was there and he'd echo every rhyme of RZA's while beatboxing, 'cos that was in style then. That was the beginning of Wu-Tang.  RZA and Ol' Dirty Bastard adopted the name for the group after the film Shaolin and Wu Tang. The group's debut album loosely adopted a Shaolin vs. Wu-Tang theme, dividing the album into Shaolin and Wu-Tang sections.  The group developed backronyms for the n

user: Where did their name come from?

assistant: RZA and Ol' Dirty Bastard adopted the name for the group after the film Shaolin and Wu Tang.

user: When did the group form?

assistant: The Wu-Tang Clan was assembled in the early 1990s with RZA as the de facto leader and the group's producer.

user: Who were the founding members?

assistant: And Ol' Dirty was there and he'd echo every rhyme of RZA's while beatboxing, 'cos that was in style then. That was the beginning of Wu-Tang.

user: Did they put out an album after forming?

assistant: The group's debut album loosely adopted a Shaolin vs. Wu-Tang theme, dividing the album into Shaolin and Wu-Tang sections.

user: What does Wu Tang Clan mean?

assistant: "We Usually Take All Niggas' Garments", "Witty Unpredictable Talent And Natural Game", and "Wisdom of the Universe, and the Truth of Allah for the Nation of the Gods".
Título: Sylvia (singer)
Seção: Surprises, country roots and retirement
Background: Sylvia Jane Hutton (nee Kirby, born December 9, 1956), known simply by her first name Sylvia during the 1980s, is an American country music and country pop singer and songwriter. Some original source books have her birth name as Sylvia Kirby Allen; however, Allen was her first husband's last name. She consequently used only her first name. There was also a point in time that she used Sylvia Rutledge.

Conteúdo: The release of her fourth album, Surprise, spurred her second foray into the Adult Contemporary charts, but neither its sound, nor her newly shorn locks courtesy Francesco Scavullo, were well received in country music. Surprise was the last of Sylvia's first four albums to be produced by Tom Collins, who also produced Mandrell, Charley Pride, and Ronnie Milsap. They have been described by critics as too slick for country music.  Her following album, One Step Closer, produced by The Judds' producer Brent Maher, had a more guitar-driven feel to it as opposed to her previously more orchestrated affairs. It was followed up by Sylvia's last top 40 country hit, "Nothin' Ventured, Nothin' Gained", from the unreleased album Knockin Around. The shelving of this album marked the end of Sylvia's tenure with RCA Records. The label did release a Greatest Hits compilation and a single from it titled "Straight from my Heart" (written with Jimmy Fortune of The Statler Brothers). The record received little promotion from RCA and the single charted in the low 60s. In the late 1980s, RCA began streamlining its roster of country-pop artists and the casualties included Sylvia, Dolly Parton, Louise Mandrell, Deborah Allen, Juice Newton, John Denver and Kenny Rogers.  Over an eight-year period, Sylvia crisscrossed America many times with her popular concert performances (over 200 per year), and she was a frequent guest on network television talk shows and specials -- from The Today Show and Good Mo

user: What were surprises for her?

assistant: The release of her fourth album, Surprise,

user: Was the album a success?

assistant: They have been described by critics as too slick for country music.

user: Did she release any singles off the album?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: When did she retire?

assistant: Her decision to stop touring and recording at the end of the 1980s was not fueled by the grueling schedule,

user: What was the reason for her decision?

assistant: but by her desire to bring more of herself to the music, she turned her energies to songwriting.

user: What songs has she written since her retirement?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Her following album, One Step Closer, produced by The Judds' producer Brent Maher, had a more guitar-driven feel to it as opposed to her previously

user: How did that album sell?

assistant: It was followed up by Sylvia's last top 40 country hit,

user: What was her last hit?

assistant: "Nothin' Ventured, Nothin' Gained",
Título: Vanilla Ice
Seção: Early career (1985-1989)
Background: Robert Matthew Van Winkle was born in Dallas, Texas, on October 31, 1967. Van Winkle has never known his biological father; he was given the family name of the Dutch man his mother was married to at the time of his birth. When Van Winkle was four, his mother divorced. Afterward, he grew up moving between Dallas and Miami, where his new stepfather worked at a car dealership.

Conteúdo: In 1985, he was focusing all of his energy on motocross, winning three championships. After breaking his ankle during a race, Ice was not interested in racing professionally for some time, using his spare time to perfect his dance moves and creating his own while his ankle was healing. Ice used his beatboxing and breakdancing skills as a street performer with his friends at local malls during this time. One evening he visited City Lights, a South Dallas nightclub, where he was dared to go on stage by his friend Squirrel during an open-mic. He won the crowd over and was asked by City Lights manager John Bush if he wanted to perform regularly, which he accepted. Ice would be joined on stage with his disc jockey D-Shay and Zero as well as Earthquake, the local disc jockey at City Lights. The Vanilla Ice Posse or The V.I.P. would also perform with Ice on stage. As a performer for City Lights, Ice opened up for N.W.A, Public Enemy, The D.O.C., Tone Loc, 2 Live Crew, Paula Abdul, Sinbad and MC Hammer.  In January 1987, Ice was stabbed five times during a scuffle outside of City Lights. After spending ten days at the hospital, Ice signed a contract with the owner of City Lights, Tommy Quon and his management company, Ultrax. Two years later, Ice would open for EPMD, Ice-T, Stetsasonic, and Sir Mix-A-Lot on the Stop the Violence Tour. Quon saw commercial potential in Ice's rapping and dancing skills. Buying studio time with Quon's earnings from City Lights, they recorded songs that h

user: what happened in 1985

assistant: In 1985, he was focusing all of his energy on motocross,

user: what is his career based on

assistant: his dance moves

user: did he win anything in 1985

assistant: Ice used his beatboxing and breakdancing skills as a street performer

user: did he sign contract with any company

assistant: signed a contract with the owner of City Lights,

user: What happened in 1987

assistant: In January 1987, Ice was stabbed five times during a scuffle outside of City Lights.

user: any notable person in the article

assistant: Suge Knight

user: did he has any injury during this time

assistant: After breaking his ankle

user: what happened after that

assistant: Ice was not interested in racing professionally for some time,

user: what does he now do with his time

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Jian Ghomeshi
Seção: Dismissal from the CBC
Background: Ghomeshi was born on June 9, 1967 in London, England, to Iranian parents Farhang (Frank), a civil engineer, and Azar (Sara) Ghomeshi. When he was a child, he was teased by classmates, who called him "Blackie". According to Ghomeshi, he grew up in a Muslim household but elsewhere noted that his family was secularist and even celebrated Christmas and Easter. When Ghomeshi was seven, his father moved to Canada and got a job and Ghomeshi's family followed, first living in an apartment on Don Mills Road before settling in Thornhill, Ontario.

Conteúdo: In the spring of 2014, Ghomeshi advised his employers at the CBC that the Toronto Star was looking into allegations by an ex-girlfriend that he had engaged in non-consensual rough sex and that he denied this accusation. The crisis management firm Navigator was hired to work for both Ghomeshi and the CBC.  In early summer of 2014, reporter Jesse Brown contacted the CBC and warned that Ghomeshi's behaviour may have crossed into his work environment. The CBC investigated and concluded that there were no workplace complaints against Ghomeshi. According to an investigation by the CBC's The Fifth Estate, "almost all known staffers on... Q said they were not contacted by CBC management as part of any investigation." Ghomeshi denied the accusations again and the Toronto Star declined to go forward with the story at that time.  In October 2014, Brown tweeted that he was working on a story that would be "worse than embarrassing for certain parties". Brown later said that he was referring to another story but Ghomeshi requested a meeting with CBC on October 23. During that meeting, the CBC viewed what it later described as "graphic evidence that Jian had caused physical injury to a woman". According to Vice, Ghomeshi showed his bosses lewd text messages on a CBC-owned phone and graphic personal sex videos.  On October 24, Ghomeshi announced he was taking an indefinite leave of absence from the network to deal with personal matters. Two days later, the CBC terminated Ghomeshi's employmen

user: Why was Ghomeshi dismissed?

assistant: a CBC spokesperson saying "information came to our attention recently that in CBC's judgment precludes us from continuing our relationship with Jian.

user: What  happened after this?

assistant: " Ghomeshi subsequently released a "lengthy Facebook post"

user: What did this say?

assistant: saying his dismissal was motivated by fear of an alleged smear campaign by an ex-girlfriend

user: What happened after this?

assistant: Ghomeshi also said he refused an offer by the CBC to "walk away quietly."

user: What was the result?

assistant: Chris Boyce, the head of CBC Radio, denied that such an offer was made.
Título: Andy Griffith
Seção: From rising comedian to film star
Background: Andy Samuel Griffith (June 1, 1926  - July 3, 2012) was an American actor, comedian, television producer, Southern gospel singer, and writer, whose career spanned seven decades of music and television. Known for his southern drawl, his characters with a folksy-friendly personality, and his gruff, gregarious voice, Griffith was a Tony Award nominee for two roles, and gained prominence in the starring role in director Elia Kazan's film A Face in the Crowd (1957) before he became better known for his television roles, playing the lead roles of Andy Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show (1960-1968) and Ben Matlock in the legal drama Matlock (1986-1995).

Conteúdo: Griffith's early career was as a monologist, delivering long stories such as What It Was, Was Football, which is told from the point of view of a naive country preacher trying to figure out what was going on in a football game. The monologue was released as a single in 1953 on the Colonial Records label, and was a hit for Griffith, reaching number nine on the charts in 1954.  Griffith starred in Ira Levin's one-hour teleplay version of No Time for Sergeants (March 1955) -- a story about a country boy in the United States Air Force -- on The United States Steel Hour, a television anthology series. He expanded that role in Ira Levin's full-length theatrical version of the same name (October 1955) on Broadway in New York City. The role earned him a "Distinguished Supporting or Featured Dramatic Actor" nomination at the 1956 Tony Awards, losing to Ed Begley. He did win the 1956 Theatre World Award, however, a prize given for debut roles on Broadway. "Mr. Griffith does not have to condescend to Will Stockdale" (his role in the play), wrote Brooks Atkinson in The New York Times. "All he has to do is walk on the stage and look the audience straight in the face. If the armed forces cannot cope with Will Stockdale, neither can the audience resist Andy Griffith."  Griffith later reprised his role for the film version (1958) of No Time for Sergeants; the film also featured Don Knotts, as a corporal in charge of manual-dexterity tests, marking the beginning of a lifelong association betw

user: What job did he have early in his career?

assistant: Griffith's early career was as a monologist, delivering long stories such as What It Was, Was Football,

user: Was the monologue released?

assistant: The monologue was released as a single in 1953 on the Colonial Records label, and was a hit for Griffith, reaching number nine on the charts in 1954.

user: What teleplay did he star in?

assistant: No Time for Sergeants (March 1955) --

user: What was it about?

assistant: a story about a country boy in the United States Air Force --

user: Where else did he play that role?

assistant: He expanded that role in Ira Levin's full-length theatrical version of the same name (October 1955) on Broadway in New York City.
Título: Fiddler on the Roof
Seção: Original productions
Background: Fiddler on the Roof is a musical with music by Jerry Bock, lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, and book by Joseph Stein, set in the Pale of Settlement of Imperial Russia in 1905. It is based on Tevye and his Daughters (or Tevye the Dairyman) and other tales by Sholem Aleichem. The story centers on Tevye, the father of five daughters, and his attempts to maintain his Jewish religious and cultural traditions as outside influences encroach upon the family's lives. He must cope both with the strong-willed actions of his three older daughters, who wish to marry for love - each one's choice of a husband moves further away from the customs of his faith - and with the edict of the Tsar that evicts the Jews from their village.

Conteúdo: Following its tryout at Detroit's Fisher Theatre in July and August 1964, then Washington in August to September, the original Broadway production opened on September 22, 1964, at the Imperial Theatre, transferred in 1967 to the Majestic Theatre and in 1970 to The Broadway Theatre, and ran for a record-setting total of 3,242 performances. The production was directed and choreographed by Robbins - his last original Broadway staging. The set, designed in the style of Marc Chagall's paintings, was by Boris Aronson. A colorful logo for the production, also inspired by Chagall's work, was designed by Tom Morrow. Chagall reportedly did not like the musical.  The cast included Zero Mostel as Tevye the milkman, Maria Karnilova as his wife Golde (each of whom won a Tony for their performances), Beatrice Arthur as Yente the matchmaker, Austin Pendleton as Motel, Bert Convy as Perchik the student revolutionary, Gino Conforti as the fiddler, and Julia Migenes as Hodel. Mostel ad-libbed increasingly as the run went on, "which drove the authors up the wall." Joanna Merlin originated the role of Tzeitel, which was later assumed by Bette Midler during the original run. Carol Sawyer was Fruma Sarah, Adrienne Barbeau took a turn as Hodel, and Pia Zadora played the youngest daughter, Bielke. Both Peg Murray and Dolores Wilson made extended appearances as Golde, while other stage actors who have played Tevye include Herschel Bernardi, Theodore Bikel and Harry Goz (in the original Broadway run), 

user: Where were the original productions?

assistant: the Imperial Theatre,

user: What city was the Imperial Theatre in?

assistant: Broadway

user: When did the production first open?

assistant: September 22, 1964,
Título: Lee de Forest
Seção: Arc radiotelephone development
Background: Lee de Forest was born in 1873 in Council Bluffs, Iowa, the son of Anna Margaret (nee Robbins) and Henry Swift DeForest. He was a direct descendant of Jesse de Forest, the leader of a group of Walloon Huguenots who fled Europe in the 17th Century due to religious persecution. De Forest's father was a Congregational Church minister who hoped his son would also become a pastor. In 1879 the elder de Forest became president of the American Missionary Association's Talladega College in Talladega, Alabama, a school "open to all of either sex, without regard to sect, race, or color", and which educated primarily African-Americans.

Conteúdo: At the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, Valdemar Poulsen had presented a paper on an arc transmitter, which unlike the discontinuous pulses produced by spark transmitters, created steady "continuous wave" signals that could be used for amplitude modulated (AM) audio transmissions. Although Poulsen had patented his invention, de Forest claimed to have come up with a variation that allowed him to avoid infringing on Poulsen's work. Using his "sparkless" arc transmitter, de Forest first transmitted audio across a lab room on December 31, 1906, and by February was making experimental transmissions, including music produced by Thaddeus Cahill's telharmonium, that were heard throughout the city.  On July 18, 1907, de Forest made the first ship-to-shore transmissions by radiotelephone -- race reports for the Annual Inter-Lakes Yachting Association (I-LYA) Regatta held on Lake Erie -- which were sent from the steam yacht Thelma to his assistant, Frank E. Butler, located in the Fox's Dock Pavilion on South Bass Island. De Forest also interested the U.S. Navy in his radiotelephone, which placed a rush order to have 26 arc sets installed for its Great White Fleet around-the-world voyage that began in late 1907. However, at the conclusion of the circumnavigation the sets were declared to be too unreliable to meet the Navy's needs and removed.  The company set up a network of radiotelephone stations along the Atlantic coast and the Great Lakes, for coastal ship navigation. However, the

user: What happened

assistant: 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition, Valdemar Poulsen had presented a paper on an arc transmitter, which unlike the discontinuous pulses produced by spark transmitters,

user: What did this have to do with the others

assistant: Although Poulsen had patented his invention, de Forest claimed to have come up with a variation that allowed him to avoid infringing on Poulsen's work.

user: What was the result of this

assistant: Using his "sparkless" arc transmitter, de Forest first transmitted audio across a lab room
Título: Dick Enberg
Seção: Career in Los Angeles
Background: Richard Alan Enberg (January 9, 1935 - December 21, 2017) was an American sportscaster. Over the course of an approximately 60-year career, he provided play-by-play for various sports on numerous radio and television networks, including NBC (1975-1999), CBS (2000-2014), and ESPN (2004-2011), as well for individual teams, such as UCLA Bruins basketball, Los Angeles Rams, California Angels and San Diego Padres. Enberg was well known for his signature on-air catchphrases "Touch 'em all" (for home runs) and "Oh, my!" (for particularly exciting and outstanding athletic plays).

Conteúdo: In the late 1960s, Enberg began a full-time sportscasting career in Los Angeles, working for KTLA television (anchoring a nightly sports report and calling UCLA Bruins basketball) and KMPC radio (calling Los Angeles Rams football and California Angels baseball). After every Angels victory, he would wrap up his broadcast with, "And the halo shines tonight," in reference to the "Big A" scoreboard at Anaheim Stadium and the halo at the top, which would light up for everyone in the area to see, particularly from the adjacent freeway. Enberg was named California Sportscaster of the Year four times during this period.  In the 1960s, Enberg announced boxing matches at L.A.'s Olympic Auditorium.  In 1968, Enberg was recommended by UCLA athletic director J.D. Morgan to be the national broadcaster for the syndicated TVS Television Network to cover the "Game of the Century" between the Houston Cougars, led by Elvin Hayes and the UCLA Bruins, led by Lew Alcindor (later Kareem Abdul-Jabbar). The "Prime Time" nationally televised game demonstrated that college basketball had a national "Prime Time" audience and stands as a seminal contest in the evolution of nationally televised evening college basketball broadcasts. Enberg continued to call the occasional UCLA game for TVS through the early 1970s, usually teaming with Rod Hundley. In 1973, Enberg traveled to Beijing, China to host the groundbreaking TVS Television Network telecast of the USA vs. China basketball game. It was the first tea

user: What did he do while in Los Angeles?

assistant: 1960s, Enberg began a full-time sportscasting career in Los Angeles,

user: What station affiliate was he a sportscaster for?

assistant: and KMPC radio

user: How long did he work for KMPC?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did he have any signature phrases while working at the radio station in Los Angeles?

assistant: The "Prime Time" nationally televised game demonstrated that college basketball had a national "Prime Time" audience

user: Did he do any other work while in Los Angeles?

assistant: In the 1960s, Enberg announced boxing matches at L.A.'s Olympic Auditorium.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: broadcasts. Enberg continued to call the occasional UCLA game for TVS through the early 1970s, usually teaming with Rod Hundley.
Título: Allan Sherman
Seção: Television writer and producer
Background: Sherman was born in Chicago, to Percy Copelon and Rose Sherman. Percy was an auto mechanic and race car driver who, like his son, suffered from obesity (he weighed over 350 pounds), and died while attempting a 100-day diet. His family was Jewish. Sherman's parents divorced when he was in grade school, and the son adopted his mother's maiden name.

Conteúdo: Sherman devised a game show he intended to call I Know a Secret. Television producer Mark Goodson used Sherman's idea and turned it into I've Got a Secret, which ran on CBS from 1952 to 1967. Rather than paying him for the concept, Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions made Sherman the show's producer. Sherman was reported to be warm and kindhearted to all who worked for him. However, differences occurred between Sherman and anyone who was in a position to try to restrain his creativity. As producer of I've Got a Secret, which was broadcast live, he showed a fondness for large-scale stunts that had the potential to teeter on the brink of disaster. He once released 100 rabbits onstage as an Easter surprise for the Madison Square Boys Club, whose members were seated in the studio. The boys were invited to come up onstage to collect their prize. Although the resultant melee made a good story, it did not necessarily make for good TV.  The relationship between Goodson, Todman and Sherman became strained when he proposed that Tony Curtis teach the panel how to play some games he had played as a child growing up in New York City. However, Curtis had never actually played any of the games that Sherman had brought the props for. The props for Sherman's concept failed and the spot, which aired June 11, 1958, was a disaster and Sherman was removed as producer. Despite this, Goodson and Todman invited Sherman back several times as a guest on their shows in later years after he achieved ce

user: Which television shows did he write and produce?

assistant: Sherman devised a game show he intended to call I Know a Secret. Television producer Mark Goodson used Sherman's idea and turned it into I've Got a Secret,

user: Was this show successful?

assistant: I've Got a Secret, which ran on CBS from 1952 to 1967. Rather than paying him for the concept, Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions made Sherman the show's producer.

user: Did he produce any other shows?

assistant: As producer of I've Got a Secret, which was broadcast live, he showed a fondness for large-scale stunts that had the potential to teeter on the brink of disaster.

user: What kind of stunts?

assistant: He once released 100 rabbits onstage as an Easter surprise for the Madison Square Boys Club, whose members were seated in the studio.

user: Did any of his stunts end in disaster?

assistant: The boys were invited to come up onstage to collect their prize. Although the resultant melee made a good story, it did not necessarily make for good TV.
Título: Hugh Trevor-Roper
Seção: General crisis of the 17th century
Background: Hugh Redwald Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton, FBA (15 January 1914 - 26 January 2003), was a British historian of early modern Britain and Nazi Germany. He was Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford. Trevor-Roper was made a life peer in 1979 on the recommendation of Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, choosing the title Baron Dacre of Glanton. Trevor-Roper was a polemicist and essayist on a wide range of historical topics, but particularly England in the 16th and 17th centuries and Nazi Germany.

Conteúdo: A notable thesis propagated by Trevor-Roper was the "general crisis of the 17th century". He argued that the middle years of the 17th century in Western Europe saw a widespread break-down in politics, economics and society caused by demographic, social, religious, economic and political problems. In this "general crisis," various events, such as the English Civil War, the Fronde in France, the climax of the Thirty Years' War in Germany, troubles in the Netherlands, and revolts against the Spanish Crown in Portugal, Naples and Catalonia, were all manifestations of the same problems. The most important causes of the "general crisis" in Trevor-Roper's opinion were conflicts between "Court" and "Country"; that is between the increasingly powerful centralizing, bureaucratic, sovereign princely states, represented by the Court, and the traditional, regional, land-based aristocracy and gentry, representing the country. In addition, he said that the religious and intellectual changes introduced by the Reformation and the Renaissance were important secondary causes of the "general crisis."  The "general crisis" thesis generated controversy between supporters of this theory, and those, such as the Marxist historian Eric Hobsbawm, who agreed with him that there was a "general crisis," but saw the problems of 17th century Europe as more economic in origin than Trevor-Roper would allow. A third faction denied that there was any "general crisis," for example the Dutch historian Ivo Schoffe

user: What was the general crisis?

assistant: 17th century in Western Europe saw a widespread break-down in politics, economics and society caused by demographic, social, religious, economic and political problems.

user: What problems did the breakdown cause?

assistant: various events, such as the English Civil War, the Fronde in France, the climax of the Thirty Years' War in Germany, troubles in the Netherlands, and
Título: Fran Drescher
Seção: Return to television
Background: Drescher was born in Kew Gardens Hills, New York, the daughter of Sylvia, a bridal consultant, and Morty Drescher, a naval systems analyst. Her family is from Southeast and Central Europe. Her maternal great-grandmother Yetta was born in Focsani, Romania, and emigrated to the United States, while her father's family came from Poland. She has an older sister, Nadine.

Conteúdo: In the 2000s, Drescher made a return to television both with leading and guest roles. In 2003, Drescher appeared in episodes of the short lived sitcom, Good Morning, Miami as Roberta Diaz. In 2005, she returned with the sitcom Living with Fran, in which she played Fran Reeves, a middle-aged mother of two, living with Riley Martin (Ryan McPartlin), a man half her age and not much older than her son. Former Nanny costar Charles Shaughnessy appeared as her philandering ex-husband, Ted. Living with Fran was cancelled on May 17, 2006, after two seasons.  In 2006, Drescher guest starred in an episode of Law & Order: Criminal Intent; the episode, "The War at Home", aired on US television on November 14, 2006. She also appeared in an episode of Entourage and in the same year, gave her voice to the role of a female golem in The Simpsons episode "Treehouse of Horror XVII". In 2007, Drescher appeared in the US version of the Australian improvisational comedy series Thank God You're Here.  In 2008, Drescher announced that she was developing a new sitcom entitled The New Thirty, also starring Rosie O'Donnell. A series about two old high school friends coping with midlife crises, Drescher described the premature plot of the show as "kind of Sex and the City but we ain't getting any! It'll probably be more like The Odd Couple." The sitcom failed to materialize however. In 2010, Drescher returned to television with her own daytime talk show, The Fran Drescher Tawk Show. While the program deb

user: When did Drescher return to TV?

assistant: In the 2000s, Drescher made a return to television both with leading and guest roles.

user: What shows was she on?

assistant: Drescher appeared in episodes of the short lived sitcom, Good Morning, Miami as Roberta Diaz.

user: Was she on any other shows?

assistant: In 2005, she returned with the sitcom Living with Fran, in which she played Fran Reeves, a middle-aged mother of two, living with Riley Martin

user: What other shows was she on?

assistant: In 2006, Drescher guest starred in an episode of Law & Order: Criminal Intent; the episode, "The War at Home",

user: Was she on anything else?

assistant: She also appeared in an episode of Entourage and in the same year, gave her voice to the role of a female golem in The Simpsons episode "

user: Did she do anything else?

assistant: In 2008, Drescher announced that she was developing a new sitcom entitled The New Thirty, also starring Rosie O'Donnell.

user: was it successful/

assistant: The sitcom failed to materialize however.

user: What else is significant about her teleivison career?

assistant: In 2010, Drescher returned to television with her own daytime talk show, The Fran Drescher Tawk Show.