dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Exposure through Project 112 or Project SHAD 
If you were a part of chemical and biological warfare testing through Project 112 or Project Shipboard Hazard and Defense SHAD , you may be at risk for certain illnesses. The Department of Defense s Deseret Test Center in Fort Douglas, Utah, conducted this testing, which took place aboard ships and on land in various locations from 1962 to 1974. Find out if you can get disability compensation or benefits. 

Can I get disability benefits from VA? 
You may be able to get disability benefits if you meet both of the requirements listed below. Both of these must be true : You were part of Projects 112 or SHAD testing from 1962 to 1974 , and You have an illness believed to be caused by the testing 

Who s covered? 
Veterans Qualified survivors 

What kind of disability benefits can I get? 
Health care Compensation payments 

How do I get these benefits? 
You ll need to file a claim for disability compensation. You can call the VA Special Issues Helpline at 800 - 749 - 8387. Or you can file a claim online. Find out how to file a claim for disability compensation If you were part of Projects 112 or SHAD from 1962 to 1974 and want to know more about a certain test site, ship, or unit , see the declassified Department of Defense fact sheets. Get declassified Department of Defense fact sheets If you have a question about the tests , if you have any information that can help show you were part of them including whether you may have been part of them or contact the Department of Defense at 800 - 497 - 6261. 

user: What is available  if I have had exposure through project 112 or project SHAD?

assistant: You were part of chemical and biological warfare testing through project 112 or project SHAD?

user: No not both

user: What requirements are there to get disability benefits from VA?

assistant: Were you part of projects 112 or SHAD testing from 1962 to 1974?

user: No I wasn't

assistant: unfortunately you do not qualify for benefits based on your response.

user: What if I might have been part but do not remember?

assistant: if you have any information that can help show you were part of them  including whether you may have been part of them or contact the Department of Defense at 800 - 497 - 6261 .

user: How do I get benefits?

assistant:  You ll need to file a claim for disability compensation . You can call the VA Special Issues Helpline at 800 - 749 - 8387 . Or you can file a claim online .

user: How can I find out about a certain test site, ship or unit?

assistant:  see the declassified Department of Defense fact sheets .
Título: Harold Shipman
Seção: Death
Background: Harold Frederick Shipman (14 January 1946 - 13 January 2004) was a British general practitioner and one of the most prolific serial killers in recorded history. On 31 January 2000, a jury found Shipman guilty of fifteen murders for killing patients under his care. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with the recommendation that he never be released. The Shipman Inquiry, a two-year-long investigation of all deaths certified by Shipman, which was chaired by Dame Janet Smith, examined Shipman's crimes.

Conteúdo: Shipman hanged himself in his cell at Wakefield Prison at 06:20 on 13 January 2004, on the eve of his 58th birthday, and was pronounced dead at 08:10. A Prison Service statement indicated that Shipman had hanged himself from the window bars of his cell using bed sheets.  Some of the victims' families said they felt cheated, as his suicide meant they would never have the satisfaction of Shipman's confession nor answers as to why he committed his crimes. The Home Secretary David Blunkett noted that celebration was tempting, saying: "You wake up and you receive a call telling you Shipman has topped himself and you think, is it too early to open a bottle? And then you discover that everybody's very upset that he's done it."  His death divided national newspapers, with the Daily Mirror branding him a "cold coward" and condemning the Prison Service for allowing his suicide to happen. The Sun, however, ran a celebratory front-page headline; "Ship Ship hooray!" The Independent called for the inquiry into Shipman's suicide to look more widely at the state of Britain's prisons as well as the welfare of inmates. In The Guardian, an article by Sir David Ramsbotham (former Chief Inspector of Prisons) suggested that whole life sentencing be replaced by indefinite sentencing as these would at least give prisoners the hope of eventual release and reduce the risk of their ending their own lives by suicide as well as making their management easier for prison officials.  Shipman's motive for su

user: When did he die?

assistant: 13 January 2004,

user: how did he die?

assistant: Shipman hanged himself in his cell at Wakefield Prison
Título: Hasan al-Askari
Seção: Birth and early life
Background: Hasan ibn Ali ibn Muhammad (c. 846 - 874) was the 11th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam, after his father Ali al-Hadi. He was also called Abu Muhammad and Ibn al-Ridha. Because Samarra, the city where he lived, was a garrison town, he is generally known as al-Askari (Askar is the word for military in Arabic). Al-Askari married Narjis Khatun and was kept under house arrest or in prison for most of his life, until, according to some Shia sources, he was poisoned at the age of 28 on the orders of the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tamid and was buried in Samarra.

Conteúdo: Hasan al-Askari was born during a period when his father Ali al-Hadi, the tenth Imam, was suspected of being involved in a conspiracy against the Caliph Al-Mutawakkil. There is doubt as to whether al-Askari was born in Medina or Samarra. According to authentic shia hadith he was born in Medina on the 8th of Rabiul Akhar 232 Hijri (4 December 846 AD) and died in Samarrah Iraq on the 8th of Rabiul Awwal 260 Hijri (4 January 874) aged 28. The period of his imamate was 6 years. He was taken along with his family to Samarra in the year 230, 231 or 232 A.H., and was kept there under house arrest. In Samarra, al-Askari spent most of his time reading the Quran and the Sharia. According to Donaldson, al-Askari must also have studied languages, for in later years it was known that he could speak Hindi with the pilgrims from India, Turkish with the Turks, and Persian with the Persians. According to Shia accounts, however, it is part of the divine knowledge given to all Imams to be able to speak all human languages.  It is said that even as a child, al-Askari was endowed with divine knowledge. One day a man passed by him, and saw that he was crying. The man told him he would buy a toy that he might play with. "No!" said al-Askari, "We have not been created for play." The man was amazed at this answer and said, "Then, what for have we been created?" "For knowledge and worship." answered the child. The man said "Where have you got this from?" Al-Askari said, "From the saying of God, Did yo

user: Where was Askari born?

assistant: There is doubt as to whether al-Askari was born in Medina or Samarra.

user: What was he taught in his childhood?

assistant: al-Askari spent most of his time reading the Quran and the Sharia. According to Donaldson, al-Askari must also have studied languages,

user: How many languages did he study?

assistant: it was known that he could speak Hindi with the pilgrims from India, Turkish with the Turks, and Persian with the Persians.

user: Was he a peaceful man?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: How devoted was he to his beliefs?

assistant: It is said that even as a child, al-Askari was endowed with divine knowledge. One day a man passed by him, and saw that he was crying.

user: What happened with him and the man?

assistant: The man told him he would buy a toy that he might play with. "No!" said al-Askari, "We have not been created for play." The man

user: What did the man say to this?

assistant: The man was amazed at this answer and said, "Then, what for have we been created?" "
Título: Morbid Angel
Seção: Formation, demos and Altars of Madness (1983-1990)
Background: Morbid Angel is an American death metal band based in Tampa, Florida formed in 1983 by guitarist and sole remaining original member Trey Azagthoth, vocalist and bassist Dallas Ward, and drummer Mike Browning. Widely considered as one of the most influential bands in the genre and important in the transition of death metal from its thrash metal roots, they were one of the first bands to incorporate guttural vocals, up-tempo blast beats, multiple tempo changes and dark atmosphere. They have been described as one of "the most influential and emulated bands in death metal", alongside Obituary and Cannibal Corpse, and have been cited as an influence by many later bands. They were also the first death metal band to experience mainstream success in connection with being signed to Giant Records in 1992, heavy rotation of their music videos on MTV, and having the music video for the song "God of Emptiness" shown on an episode of Beavis and Butt-head.

Conteúdo: Morbid Angel was formed in 1983 in Tampa, Florida by guitarist Trey Azagthoth and drummer/vocalist Mike Browning. The band made their debut in 1987 on the New Renaissance Records record label. They recorded their debut album, Abominations of Desolation, in 1986, but the band was unsatisfied with the final product and it remained unreleased until 1991, printing 10,000 copies. In the early stages of their career the band developed a reputation for "gruesome stage antics."  In 1986, David Vincent joined the band, replacing Michael Manson and Sterling von Scarborough as vocalist and bassist respectively. Fellow Terrorizer drummer Pete Sandoval soon followed. Their first studio album, Altars of Madness, was released in 1989, and is regarded by many as one of the most important death metal albums of all time. It is also considered the first true death metal album. Music journalist Jason Birchmeier writes that:  Few albums struck a chord within the ears and minds of the late-'80s underground metal scene like Morbid Angel's Altars of Madness did at the end of the decade, setting a new precedent for metal bands to reach. With the arguable exception of Chuck Schuldiner's Death, never before had a heavy metal band carried their lightning-fast guitar riffs and equally spellbinding guitar solos into such horrific territory. Venom and Slayer redefined the extent to which a metal band could align itself with all things evil during the beginning of the decade, but Morbid Angel made these two

user: Were these albums a success?

assistant: Few albums struck a chord within the ears and minds of the late-'80s underground metal scene like Morbid Angel's Altars of Madness did

user: Did any of them win awards?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Uncle Tupelo
Seção: Breakup
Background: Uncle Tupelo was an alternative country music group from Belleville, Illinois, active between 1987 and 1994. Jay Farrar, Jeff Tweedy, and Mike Heidorn formed the band after the lead singer of their previous band, The Primitives, left to attend college. The trio recorded three albums for Rockville Records, before signing with Sire Records and expanding to a five-piece. Shortly after the release of the band's major label debut album Anodyne, Farrar announced his decision to leave the band due to a soured relationship with his co-songwriter Tweedy.

Conteúdo: With the addition of Stirratt, Coomer, and Johnston just prior to the recording of Anodyne, Farrar and Tweedy's relationship became more tumultuous, leading to verbal altercations after concerts. In one account, Tweedy recalled:  Around this time, I would say something into a microphone onstage, and afterward [Farrar would] pull me aside and say, "Don't you ever fucking talk into that microphone again." He would misconstrue me talking into the microphone as more evidence of my out-of-control, rampant ego, more evidence of me feeling like I didn't have to be so fucking afraid anymore.  Tweedy felt the new members gave him a new opportunity to contribute to the band, but Farrar felt disdain for Tweedy's new carefree attitude. Years later, Farrar would claim that he had been tempted to quit the band after seeing Tweedy stroking the hair of Farrar's girlfriend, an act which he believed to have been a proposition. In January 1994, Farrar called manager Tony Margherita to inform him of his decision to leave the band. Farrar told Margherita that he was no longer having fun, and didn't want to work with Tweedy anymore. Soon after the breakup, Farrar explained his departure: "It just seemed like it reached a point where Jeff and I really weren't compatible. It had ceased to be a symbiotic songwriting relationship, probably after the first record."  Tweedy was enraged that he heard the news secondhand from Margherita, since Farrar decided not to tell him in person. The following day, t

user: what caused thee beaak up

assistant: Farrar would claim that he had been tempted to quit the band after seeing Tweedy stroking the hair of Farrar's girlfriend,

user: when did they break up

assistant: In January 1994,

user: what do they do after break up

assistant: Tweedy and Farrar each performed nine songs during the concert, and Mike Heidorn performed as drummer during the encore.

user: any intressting thing

assistant: Tweedy felt the new members gave him a new opportunity to contribute to the band, but Farrar felt disdain for Tweedy's new carefree attitude.
A non - exempt diesel - powered motor vehicle may be subject to either the OBDII emissions inspection or the diesel emissions inspection. Additional information about these inspections may be found on the table below. 

Emissions Inspections for Diesel-powered Vehicles 


Vehicles subject to diesel emissions inspection 
All non - exempt diesel - powered vehicles registered in the NYMA or Diesel Emissions Metropolitan Area DEMA some registrations may or may not show they are within DEMA, with a maximum gross weight MGW, as indicated on the vehicle registration certificate, over 8,500 pounds, must get an annual diesel emissions inspection. The diesel emissions inspection must occur at the same time as the annual safety inspection. The DEMA includes the five boroughs of New York City, and Nassau County, Suffolk County, Rockland County, and Westchester County. The model year does not exempt a vehicle from the inspection. Read section 79.2 of the inspection regulations to get information about vehicles that are exempt. All diesel - powered vehicles registered outside of the Diesel Emissions Metropolitan Area DEMA, with a maximum gross weight MGW over 8,500 pounds, do not require an annual diesel emissions inspection, but may be subject to a random roadside diesel emissions inspection. All model year 1997 or newer non - exempt diesel - powered vehicles, registered anywhere in New York State, with a gross vehicle weight rating GVWR less than 8,501 pounds, must get an annual OBDII emissions inspection, and are not subject to the diesel emissions inspection. All model year 1996 or older diesel - powered vehicles, registered anywhere in New York State, with a gross vehicle weight rating GVWR less than 8,501 pounds, are not subject to the OBDII emissions inspection, the low - enhanced emissions inspection, or the diesel emissions inspection. 

Diesel Opacity Emissions 
The Diesel Opacity Emissions inspection is not required in other areas of NY State, or for vehicles register 

user: I'm confused about an inspection. Do I need a Diesel Opacity Emissions inspection for my vehicle that is driven mainly in NY, but is registered in New Jersey?

assistant: No, you don't need one because it's an out of state vehicle.

user: I heard there were random inspections at roadside stations. What happens if it fails?

assistant: If that happens, a traffic ticket may be issued. 

user: Can I get other types of inspections at inspection stations?

assistant: It depends. If the vehicle needs the diesel emissions inspection, then they can't do any other inspections. Other than that though, the station can do other types of inspections. 

user: I need to know where the diesel inspection happens, and also when does it happen?

assistant: Any diesel inspection station can do this. It happens at the annual safety inspection. 

user: So if I have an expired inspection certificate, what do I do?

assistant: Is the vehicle outside the DEMA?

user: Yes, it is. 

assistant: You can go to the DMV to apply for a VS-1078 which is a Temporary Waiver. It needs to be displayed on the vehicle next to the original safety certificate.
Self-Certification 


1. Why do I have to self-certify? 
New federal regulations require all commercial drivers to certify to the Department of Motor Vehicles DMV the type of driving they perform or expect to perform. Drivers that self - certify to a non - excepted driving type NA or NI are also required to submit a copy of their USDOT Medical Examiner s Certificate. This is a nationwide safety initiative that affects commercial driver in all states. 

2. What are the self-certification driving types? 
Non - Excepted Interstate NI : Commercial driving operation is permitted across state lines , and you are required to meet the Federal medical requirements Non - Excepted Intrastate NA : Commercial driving operation is restricted to New York State only , and you are required to meet the Federal medical requirements Excepted Interstate EI : Commercial driving operation is permitted across state lines for excepted operation only and you are exempt from the Federal medical requirements Excepted Intrastate EA : Commercial driving operation is restricted to New York State, permitted for excepted operation only and you are exempt from the Federal medical requirements. 

3. What if my driving type changes? 
If your driving type changes , you must go into your local DMV office to change your self - certification driving type and have your license amended to add or delete the appropriate restrictions. A transaction fee will apply. If you are self - certifying to a non - excepted driving type NA or NI you will need to bring a copy of your valid USDOT Medical Examiners Certificate if it is not already on file with DMV. 

4. Can I change my self-certification driving type online? 
No , you must go into a DMV office. 

5. I am eligible for an excepted operation, but I have a valid DOT Medical Examiner s Certificate. What driving type should I certify to? 
You should certify to the type of driving in which you operate or expect to operate , and your CDL will have the restrictions

user: I want more info on self-certification?

assistant: Do you want to self-certify?
Do I need insurance? 
Yes. To register a vehicle in New York State you must have New York State issued automobile liability insurance coverage. If you do not maintain the coverage , the DMV can suspend your vehicle registration and your driver license. 

What kind of insurance do I need? 
New York law requires that you have auto liability insurance coverage. The minimum amount of liability coverage is $ 10,000 for property damage for a single accident $ 25,000 for bodily injury and $50,000 for death for a person involved in an accident $ 50,000 for bodily injury and $100,000 for death for two or more people in an accident Your liability insurance coverage must while the registration is valid, even if you don t use the vehicle there are exceptions for motorcycles 1 remain in effect be New York State insurance coverage , issued by a company licensed by the NY State Department of Financial Services and certified by NY State DMV - out - of - state insurance is never acceptable be issued in the name of the vehicle registrant, and remain in the name of the registrant at all times 2 The New York State Department of Financial Services website has more information about liability insurance and insurance companies licensed in New York: http://www.dfs.ny.gov [1]. 

More than 2 names on a vehicle registration 
There can only be 1 or 2 names on a registration registrants. Both the primary registrant first name listed on the registration and the co - registrant must sign the Vehicle Registration / Title Application PDF [2] MV-82 and provide their proofs of identity and date of birth. Both names must appear on the Insurance ID Card. 

Do I need insurance to register my vehicle? 
Yes. The DMV requires auto liability insurance to register a vehicle in New York. When you get insurance , your insurance company will issue proof of insurance in two ways. It will give you two original NY State Insurance ID Cards see a sample [3] or provide you with access to your digital electronic NY 

user: Do I have to get insurance to register my vehicle?

assistant: Yes, you have to. DMV requires auto liability insurance to be able to register a vehicle in New York.

user: I have a vehicle registered in New York, where should I get the insurance.

assistant: for vehicles registered in New York, you have to get a New York State auto liability insurance coverage.

user: Should the copy of my Insurance Identification Card be perfectly legible?

assistant: Yes. The DMV will not accept a card if our barcode reader can't read the barcode.

user: Should I get insurance for a motorcycle?

assistant: Yes. If you plan to ride your motorcycle on any public road or highway, you must have insurance coverage.
Social Security can provide you, your spouse, and other eligible members of your family with benefits : when you retire ; if you become disabled ; and when you die. Use our planners to help you better understand your Social Security protection as you plan for your financial future. Then choose a benefit calculator to get estimates of benefits you and your family may be eligible for. 

Apply For Benefits Online 
If you want to apply for retirement benefits, disability benefits, or just Medicare and you meet certain criteria , you can complete your application online. You will be asked to agree to a Terms of Service Agreement and create or log in to your personal my Social Security account. If we are not able to process your request , you will receive specific information on how to contact us by phone or schedule an appointment. If you are the spouse or divorced spouse of a retired or disabled worker , within 3 months of age 62 or older and you meet certain criteria , you can fill out your application for monthly benefits or just Medicare online. For more information about ways to apply , visit For more information about applying for Medicare only and delaying retirement benefits , visit 

Retirement Benefits 
Use our Retirement Planner to learn : how you qualify for Social Security retirement benefits ; about possible benefits you may be eligible for on someone else's record ; which members of your family may get benefits based on your earnings record ; and how and when you should apply. 

Disability Benefits 
Use our Disability Planner to find out how you and your family may qualify for benefits if you become severely disabled before you qualify for retirement benefits. Even very young workers may already have earned disability protection. Learn more about work credits and how they affect disability benefits. 

Survivors Benefits 
Use our Survivors Planner to learn : if you die how your family members are protected or how you may qualify as a survivor on someone els

user: What are the things I need to do if I want to apply for Benefits online?

assistant: Are you looking to apply for retirement benefits, disability benefits or Medicare?

user: No, none of these benefits apply to me

assistant: Have you received confirmation from us that we were able to process your online request?

user: I have been contacted to say that my request could not be processed

assistant: In this case, you will be contacted and given information on how to contact us by phone or alternatively, schedule an appointment to meet with one of our agents

user: How do I qualify for benefits from my spouse?

assistant: You may qualify for spouse's benefits even if you never worked under Social Security. One of the criteria is if you are the spouse or divorced spouse of a retired worker

user: How do I find out what benefits I may qualify for?

assistant: You can use the planners we have provided to better understand your Social Security protection benefits. You can then choose our benefit calculator to get estimates of the benefits you may qualify for
Título: Neil Diamond
Seção: The 1990s
Background: Neil Leslie Diamond (born January 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor. With 38 songs in the Top 10 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary charts, Diamond has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling musicians of all time. Neil Diamond has been touring around the world consecutively for 50 years. Neil Diamond 50 - 50th Anniversary Collection Diamond was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1984 and into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2011.

Conteúdo: During the 1990s, Diamond produced six studio albums. He covered many classics from the movies and from famous Brill Building-era songwriters. He also released two Christmas albums, the first of which peaked at No. 8 on Billboard's Album chart. Diamond also recorded two albums of mostly new material during this period. In 1992, he performed for President George H.W. Bush's final Christmas in Washington NBC special. In 1993, Diamond opened the Mark of the Quad Cities (now the iWireless Center) with two shows on May 27 and 28 to a crowd of 27,000-plus.  The 1990s saw a resurgence in Diamond's popularity. "Sweet Caroline" became a popular sing-along at sporting events. It was used at Boston College football and basketball games. College sporting events in other states also played it, and it was even played at sports events in other countries, such as a Hong Kong Sevens rugby tournament or a soccer match in Northern Ireland. Most notably, it became the theme song of Red Sox Nation, the fans of the Boston Red Sox. The song also came to be played during the 8th inning of every New York Mets home game.  The New York Rangers also adapted it as their own, and played it whenever they were winning at the end of the 3rd period of their games. The Pitt Panthers football team also played it after the third quarter of all home games, with the crowd cheering, "Let's go Pitt". The Carolina Panthers played it at the end of every home game they won. The Davidson College pep band likewise played

user: what did diamond do in the 90s

assistant: During the 1990s, Diamond produced six studio albums.
Título: William Styron
Seção: Nat Turner controversy
Background: William Clark Styron Jr. (June 11, 1925 - November 1, 2006) was an American novelist and essayist who won major literary awards for his work. Styron was best known for his novels, including: Lie Down in Darkness (1951), his acclaimed first work, published when he was 26; The Confessions of Nat Turner (1967), narrated by Nat Turner, the leader of an 1831 Virginian slave revolt; Sophie's Choice (1979), a story "told through the eyes of a young aspiring writer from the South, about a Polish Catholic survivor of Auschwitz and her brilliant but psychotic Jewish lover in postwar Brooklyn". In 1985, he suffered from his first serious bout with depression.

Conteúdo: Styron's next two novels, published between 1967 and 1979, sparked much controversy. Feeling wounded by his first truly harsh reviews, for Set This House on Fire, Styron spent the years after its publication researching and writing his next novel, the fictitious memoirs of the historical Nathaniel "Nat" Turner, a slave who led a slave rebellion in 1831.  During the 1960s, Styron became an eyewitness to another time of rebellion in the United States, living and writing at the heart of that turbulent decade, a time highlighted by the counterculture revolution with its political struggle, civil unrest, and racial tension. The public response to this social upheaval was furious and intense: battle lines were being drawn. In 1968, Styron signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, a vow refusing to pay taxes as a protest against the Vietnam War.  In this atmosphere of dissent, many had criticized Styron's friend James Baldwin for his novel Another Country, published in 1962. Among the criticisms was outrage over a black author choosing a white woman as the protagonist in a story that tells of her involvement with a black man. Baldwin was Styron's house guest for several months following the critical storm generated by Another Country. During that time, he read early drafts of Styron's new novel, and predicted that Styron's book would face even harsher scrutiny than Another Country. "Bill's going to catch it from both sides," he told an interviewer immediately followin

user: Who was Nat Turner?

assistant: a slave who led a slave rebellion in 1831.

user: What was the controversy caused by William Styron over Nat Turner?

assistant: numerous other black critics reviled Styron's portrayal of Turner as racist stereotyping.
Título: Jack Nicklaus
Seção: Wins 4th U.S. Open, 5th PGA Championship (1980)
Background: Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is an American retired professional golfer. He is widely regarded as the greatest golfer of all time, winning a record 18 career major championships, while producing 19 second-place and 9 third-place finishes, over a span of 25 years. Nicklaus focused on the major championships--Masters Tournament, U.S. Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship--and played a selective schedule of regular PGA Tour events, yet still finished with 73 victories, third on the all-time list behind Sam Snead (82) and Tiger Woods (79).

Conteúdo: In 1980, Nicklaus recorded only four top-10 finishes in 14 events, but two of these were record-setting victories in majors (the U.S. Open and the PGA Championship); the other two were a tie for fourth in The Open Championship and a runner-up finish in the Doral-Eastern Open to Raymond Floyd via his chip-in birdie on the second hole of a sudden-death playoff. These victories and placements more than justified the work Nicklaus put in toward his game during the off-season.  Nicklaus set a new scoring record for the 1980 U.S. Open with an aggregate of 272, eclipsing his earlier record of 275 from 1967 over the same golf course. That record, while since having been tied by three other players, stood until Rory McIlroy's 268 in winning the 2011 US Open. This was Nicklaus's second major win at Baltusrol Golf Club. Nicklaus opened with a record-tying 63 in round one and fought off his playing partner of all four rounds, 1978 Colgate World Match Play Championship winner, Isao Aoki. Entering the final round, Aoki had caught Nicklaus after three consecutive rounds of 68, but over the course of the last day, Nicklaus pulled away by two shots. Each player birdied the final two holes for a dramatic finish. Aoki's aggregate of 274 was the lowest score for a U.S. Open runner-up. Nicklaus' win was his fourth and final victory in the championship, tying him with Willie Anderson, Bobby Jones, and Ben Hogan. Nicklaus referred to this win as "by far the most emotional and warmest reaction to an

user: What year did he win the 4th open?

assistant: In 1980,

user: Who did he play against?

assistant: finish in the Doral-Eastern Open to Raymond Floyd via his chip-in birdie on the second hole of a sudden-death playoff.

user: What was the ending score?

assistant: 74.60 strokes while Nicklaus averaged 68.50.

user: Who did he play against during the 5th PGA?

assistant: This was Nicklaus' fifth and final victory in the PGA Championship, which elevated him to record-holder for the most wins in the stroke-play era,

user: Anything else interesting in this time period?

assistant: Nicklaus set a new scoring record for the 1980 U.S. Open with an aggregate of 272, eclipsing his earlier record of 275 from 1967 over the same golf course.
Título: Arnold Palmer
Seção: Golf businesses
Background: Palmer was born to Doris (Morrison) and Milfred Jerome "Deacon" Palmer (1905-1976) in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, a working-class steel mill town. He learned golf from his father, who had suffered from polio at a young age and was head professional and greenskeeper at Latrobe Country Club, which allowed young Arnold to accompany his father as he maintained the course. Palmer attended Wake Forest College on a golf scholarship. He left upon the death of close friend Bud Worsham (1929-1950) and enlisted in the U.S. Coast Guard, where he served for three years, 1951-1954.

Conteúdo: Palmer has had a diverse golf-related business career, including owning the Bay Hill Club and Lodge in Orlando, Florida, which is the venue for the PGA Tour's Arnold Palmer Invitational (renamed from the Bay Hill Invitational in 2007), helping to found The Golf Channel, and negotiating the deal to build the first golf course in the People's Republic of China. This led to the formation of Palmer Course Design in 1972, which was renamed Arnold Palmer Design Company when the company moved to Orlando, Florida, in 2006. Palmer's design partner was Ed Seay.  Palmer designed more than 300 golf courses in 37 states, 25 countries, and five continents (all except Africa and Antarctica), including the first modern course built in China, in 1988. In 1971, he purchased Latrobe Country Club (where his father used to be the club professional) and owned it until his death. The licensing, endorsements, spokesman associations and commercial partnerships built by Palmer and McCormack are managed by Arnold Palmer Enterprises. Palmer was also a member of the American Society of Golf Course Architects.  In 1997, Palmer and fellow golfer Tiger Woods initiated a civil case in an effort to stop the unauthorized sale of their images and alleged signatures in the memorabilia market. The lawsuit was filed against Bruce Matthews, the owner of Gotta Have It Golf, Inc. and others. Matthews and associated parties counter-claimed that Palmer and associated businesses committed several acts, including breach 

user: When did he start his golf business?

assistant: led to the formation of Palmer Course Design in 1972,

user: Why did he go into this business?

assistant: his father used to be the club professional

user: Was it a family business then?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Palmer designed more than 300 golf courses

user: Where are these courses located?

assistant: golf courses in 37 states, 25 countries, and five continents (all except Africa and Antarctica),

user: Did he have any sponsors starting up his business?

assistant: The licensing, endorsements, spokesman associations and commercial partnerships built by Palmer and McCormack
Título: Martina McBride
Seção: 2008-10: Shine
Background: Martina Mariea Schiff was born in Sharon, Kansas, on July 29, 1966. She has two brothers, Martin and Steve, who plays in her concert band as of 2017, and a sister, Gina. Martina's parents, Daryl and Jeanne Schiff, owned a dairy farm. Daryl, who was also a cabinetry shop owner, exposed Martina to country music at a young age.

Conteúdo: Released in 1995, Wild Angels accounted for another top five hit in its lead single "Safe in the Arms of Love", which had previously been recorded by both Wild Choir and Baillie & the Boys, and was concurrently released in Canada by Michelle Wright at the time of McBride's version. The album's title track went on to become McBride's first No. 1 single on the country charts in early 1996. However, the three follow-ups,"Phones Are Ringin' All Over Town", "Swingin' Doors" and "Cry on the Shoulder of the Road" were less successful, reaching the lower regions of the top 40.  In early 1997, after "Cry on the Shoulder of the Road" peaked, McBride released two duets. "Still Holding On", a duet with Clint Black which was the lead-off single to her album Evolution and his album Nothin' but the Taillights, and "Valentine", a collaboration with pop pianist Jim Brickman which appeared on his album Picture This. She also sang duet vocals on "Chances Are" with Bob Seger, featured on the soundtrack of the 1998 motion picture Hope Floats.  She had her second number one on the country charts with "A Broken Wing", the second single from her album Evolution, in late 1997 This album went on to produce four more top ten hits at country radio: a re-release of "Valentine", "Happy Girl", "Wrong Again" (which also went to number one), and "Whatever You Say". Towards the end of 1998, the album was certified double platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling two millio

user: What happen in 2008?

assistant: In Spring 2008, McBride released Martina McBride: Live In Concert, a CD/DVD set.
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user: I need student aid help

assistant: Are you preparing for college?
Título: Premiata Forneria Marconi
Seção: 1966-1970
Background: Premiata Forneria Marconi (PFM) (translation: Award-winning Marconi Bakery) is an Italian progressive rock band. PFM were the first Italian group to have success abroad, entering both the British and American charts. Between 1973 and 1977 they released five albums with English lyrics. They also had several successful European and American tours, playing at the popular Reading Festival in England and on a very popular national television program in the United States.

Conteúdo: The original core members of PFM were Franco Mussida (guitars, vocals), Flavio Premoli (keyboards), Luciano Dovesi (bass), who preceded Giorgio Piazza (bass), and Franz Di Cioccio (drums, vocals). They came together in the mid 1960s while playing together as backup musicians for many different Italian pop, rock and folk singers such as Lucio Battisti, Mina, Adriano Celentano and Fabrizio De Andre. They appeared on many recordings for other artists during this period and quickly established themselves as top players on the Italian scene before forming the group 'I quelli' (English translation 'Them', or 'Those Guys') in 1968. I quelli released one album and some successful Italian singles.  Premiata Forneria Marconi was officially formed in Milan in 1970 when the members of I quelli met Mauro Pagani from the group Dalton. Pagani helped the group expand their sound to include violin and flute. By this time they were already highly experienced musicians who were easily able to play the kind of complex progressive heavy rock played by the leading English and American groups. Their early live performances included songs by groups such as King Crimson and Jethro Tull. Other early influences included Chicago, Ekseption, and The Flock.  They had a long name, as Italian progressive bands tended to have back then (Banco del Mutuo Soccorso, Raccomandata con Ricevuta di Ritorno, etc.), and so were usually referred to as 'La Premiata', and later 'PFM'. After rejecting Isotta Fraschini (an

user: What happened in 1966?

assistant: They came together in the mid 1960s while playing together as backup musicians for many different Italian pop, rock and folk singers

user: What happened after they got together?

assistant: They appeared on many recordings for other artists during this period and quickly established themselves as top players on the Italian scene before forming the group 'I quelli

user: Did they win any awards?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Is there anything else interesting?

assistant: Premiata Forneria Marconi was officially formed in Milan in 1970 when the members of I quelli met Mauro Pagani from the group Dalton.

user: What happened after they officially formed?

assistant: Pagani helped the group expand their sound to include violin and flute.

user: Were they successful?

assistant: By this time they were already highly experienced musicians who were easily able to play the kind of complex progressive heavy rock

user: What were some of their albums?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where did they play?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: George Steiner
Seção: Career
Background: Francis George Steiner, FBA (born April 23, 1929) is a French-born American literary critic, essayist, philosopher, novelist, and educator. He has written extensively about the relationship between language, literature and society, and the impact of the Holocaust. An article in The Guardian described Steiner as a "polyglot and polymath", saying that he is either "often credited with recasting the role of the critic", or a "pretentious namedropper" whose "range comes at the price of inaccuracy" and "complacency". Among his admirers, Steiner is ranked "among the great minds in today's literary world."

Conteúdo: In 1956 Steiner returned to the United States, where for two years he was a scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. He also held a Fulbright professorship in Innsbruck, Austria from 1958 to 1959. In 1959, he was appointed Gauss Lecturer at Princeton, where he lectured for another two years. He then became a founding fellow of Churchill College at the University of Cambridge in 1961. Steiner was initially not well received at Cambridge by the English faculty. Many disapproved of this charismatic "firebrand with a foreign accent" and questioned the relevance of the Holocaust he constantly referred to in his lectures. Bryan Cheyette, professor of 20th-century literature at the University of Southampton said that at the time, "Britain [...] didn't think it had a relationship to the Holocaust; its mythology of the war was rooted in the Blitz, Dunkirk, the Battle of Britain." While Steiner received a professorial salary, he was never made a full professor at Cambridge with the right to examine. He had the option of leaving for professorships in the United States, but Steiner's father objected, saying that Hitler, who said no one bearing their name would be left in Europe, would then have won. Steiner remained in England because "I'd do anything rather than face such contempt from my father." He was elected an Extraordinary Fellow at Cambridge in 1969.  After several years as a freelance writer and occasional lecturer, Steiner accepted the post of Profe

user: How did George Steiner's career start?

assistant: In 1956 Steiner returned to the United States, where for two years he was a scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.

user: What did Steiner do while at the IAS in Princeton?

assistant: He also held a Fulbright professorship in Innsbruck, Austria from 1958 to 1959.

user: Where did Steiner go after Innsbruck, Austria?

assistant: Austria from 1958 to 1959. In 1959, he was appointed Gauss Lecturer at Princeton, where he lectured for another two years.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Steiner was initially not well received at Cambridge by the English faculty. Many disapproved of this charismatic "firebrand with a foreign accent"
Título: Spitting Image
Seção: United States version
Background: Spitting Image is a British satirical puppet show, created by Peter Fluck, Roger Law and Martin Lambie-Nairn. The series was produced by 'Spitting Image Productions' for Central Independent Television over 18 series which aired on the ITV network. The series was nominated and won numerous awards during its run including 10 BAFTA Television Awards, including one for editing in 1989 and two Emmy Awards in 1985 and 1986 in the Popular Arts Category. The series featured puppet caricatures of celebrities prominent during the 1980s and 1990s, including British Prime Ministers Margaret Thatcher and John Major and other politicians, US president Ronald Reagan, and the British Royal Family; the series was the first to caricature Queen Elizabeth

Conteúdo: In an attempt to crack the American market, there were some attempts to produce a US version of the show. A 45-minute 'made for market' show by the original Spitting Image team, titled Spitting Image: Down and Out in the White House was produced in 1986 by Central for the NBC network.  Introduced by David Frost, it departed from the sketch-based format in favour of an overall storyline involving the upcoming (at that time) Presidential election. The plot involved a conspiracy to replace Ronald Reagan with a double (actually actor Dustin Hoffman in disguise). This plan was hatched by the Famous Corporation, a cabal of the ultra-rich headed by Johnny Carson's foil Ed McMahon (in the show, Carson was his ineffectual left-hand man) who met in a secret cavern hollowed out behind the facade of Mount Rushmore. Eventually, their plot foiled, the famous corporation activated their escape pod - Abraham Lincoln's nose - and left Earth for another planet, but (in a homage to the beginning of the Star Wars movies) were destroyed during a collision with 'a nonsensical prologue in gigantic lettering'.  The show was not very successful with its target audience, possibly because its humour was still very British and it was so irreverent about Ronald Reagan at a time when he was enormously popular with the American public. It did, however, receive great praise from critics and it was followed by several more television specials: The Ronnie & Nancy Show (also satirising the Reagans), The 1987 M

user: Can you tell me about Spitting Image United States version?

assistant: In an attempt to crack the American market, there were some attempts to produce a US version of the show.