dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Harry Reasoner
Seção: To ABC and back
Background: Reasoner was born at First Street North in Dakota City, Iowa; he and his older sister, Esther, were the children of Eunice (Nicholl) and Harry Ray Reasoner, who married in 1911. Reasoner was taught to read by his parents before entering school, gaining a strong vocabulary from his mother. Reasoner attended West High School in Minneapolis. During his time at the school, Reasoner developed his interest in journalism.

Conteúdo: In 1970, Reasoner was hired away from CBS by ABC to become an anchor on the network's newly revamped nightly newscast. At the time of his hire, the network's New York-based broadcast, ABC News, was anchored by Howard K. Smith and Frank Reynolds, both former colleagues of Reasoner at CBS. Beginning in December 1970, Reasoner was moved into Reynolds' position (Reynolds thus became the network's chief Washington correspondent), and the newscast became known as ABC Evening News.  Reasoner anchored the news alongside Smith until 1975, when he took the sole anchor position while Smith moved into a commentary role. The next year, however, ABC decided to pair Reasoner with a new co-anchor, former Today Show co-host Barbara Walters; ABC had gone to great lengths to hire her away from NBC. Walters and Reasoner did not enjoy a close relationship; Reasoner did not like sharing the spotlight with a co-anchor and also was uncomfortable with Walters' celebrity status. It was also widely believed that Reasoner disliked the idea of a woman anchoring the network news, which he himself denied: "I am trying to keep an open mind about it." In another interview, Reasoner said, "I've worked in journalism for women and with women for years. For two years I did a CBS morning news program with a woman. I feel they're no worse than men are."  After two years of co-anchoring ABC Evening News with Walters, Reasoner departed the network after nearly eight years in June 1978 and returned to CBS, where he r

user: When did Harry go to ABC?

assistant: In 1970,

user: What was his job there?

assistant: an anchor on the network's newly revamped nightly newscast.

user: Was he well liked?

assistant: Reasoner did not like sharing the spotlight with a co-anchor

user: Did he end up leaving?

assistant: After two years of co-anchoring ABC Evening News with Walters, Reasoner departed the network
What do I need to do before I take my road test? 
Once you have a learner permit , you must obey the learner permit restrictions [1] on where and when you may drive [1 ] complete a 5-hour Pre - licensing Course or a high school or college Driver Education Course get an appropriate amount of supervised driving practice 1 if you are under age 18 , you must wait at least six months from the date you received your learner permit to schedule your road test [1 ] 

What is the Pre-licensing Course and how do I find one? 
It is a DMV - approved, standardized classroom course that provides knowledge you will need as a new driver. The course covers many important topics, including driving within the highway transportation system driver habits and skills feelings , attitudes and risk taking alcohol , other drugs and driving You can find the course curriculum and other information in the Pre - Licensing Course Instructor s Manual MV-277 [2]. The Pre - licensing Course is available through high schools, colleges, and many driving schools. To find providers in your area , look online or in your telephone directory for Driving Instruction. When you successfully complete the course , you will be given a Pre - licensing Course Certificate MV-278. If you complete a high school or college driver education course, you will receive a Student Certificate of Completion MV-285 , and you do not need a Pre - licensing Course Certificate. You must have one of these certificates to schedule your road test. You must bring the original certificate to your road test to turn in to the license examiner. 

For how long will my Pre-licensing Course Certificate be valid? 
Your Pre - licensing Course Certificate is valid for one year from the date it is issued. A Student Certificate of Completion is valid for two years. If your Pre - licensing Course Certificate expires , you must complete the course again to receive the certificate required to schedule a road test. Your certificate must be valid on 

user: Yeah, hi, i went  through pre-licensing course and got my certificate, but i wanted to know how much time is it valid before expiring?

assistant: Sure, no problem. Your certificate will be valid for one year period, starting on the date it was issued to you. In case you have a certificate of completion, that will be valid for a two years period.

user: Great, thanks. Another question, please. What do i need to know for doing the road test? Need to practice something specific?

assistant: Certainly. It's a road test, so you'll need to practice some basics moves, so they know you are ready, for example you must focus on steering and acceleration, basic stuff.

user: Oh, i see, thanks. Sorry, but again about the certificate, did you mention a different one from pre-licensing, and that being valid for a greater period?

assistant: That would be Student Completion Certificate, and that will be valid for a two years period, unlike your Pre-licensing that only is valid for one year.
Título: Count Dracula
Seção: Vampire's Baptism of Blood
Background: Count Dracula is the title character of Bram Stoker's 1897 gothic horror novel Dracula. He is considered to be both the prototypical and the archetypal vampire in subsequent works of fiction. He is also depicted in the novel to be the origin of werewolf legends. Some aspects of the character are believed to have been inspired by the 15th-century Wallachian Prince Vlad the Impaler, who was also known as Dracula.

Conteúdo: Count Dracula is depicted as the "King Vampire", and can control other vampires. To punish Mina and the party for their efforts against him, Dracula bites her on at least three occasions. He also forces her to drink his blood; this act curses her with the effects of vampirism and gives him a telepathic link to her thoughts. However, hypnotism was only able to be done before dawn. Van Helsing refers to the act of drinking blood by both the vampire and the victim "the Vampire's Baptism of Blood".  The effects changes Mina' physically and mentally over time. A few moments after Dracula attacks her, Van Helsing takes a wafer of sacramental bread and places it on her forehead to bless her; when the bread touches her skin, it burns her and leaves a scar on her forehead. Her teeth start growing longer but do not grow sharper. She begins to lose her appetite, feeling repulsed by normal food, begins to sleep more and more during the day; cannot wake unless at sunset and stops writing in her diary. When Van Helsing later crumbles the same bread in a circle around her, she is unable to cross or leave the circle, discovering a new form of protection.  Dracula's death can release the curse on any living victim of eventual transformation into vampire. However, Van Helsing reveals that were he to successfully escape, his continued existence would ensure that even if he did not victimize Mina further, she would transform into a vampire upon her eventual natural death. CANNOTANSWER

user: What's important about Vampire's Baptism of Blood?

assistant: Van Helsing refers to the act of drinking blood by both the vampire and the victim "the Vampire's Baptism of Blood".
Título: Charlie Macartney
Seção: Career end
Background: Charles George "Charlie" Macartney (27 June 1886  - 9 September 1958) was an Australian cricketer who played in 35 Tests between 1907 and 1926. He was known as "The Governor-General" in reference to his authoritative batting style and his flamboyant strokeplay, which drew comparisons with his close friend and role model Victor Trumper, regarded as one of the most elegant batsmen in cricketing history. Sir Donald Bradman--generally regarded as the greatest batsman in history--cited Macartney's dynamic batting as an inspiration in his cricket career. He started his career as a bowling all-rounder.

Conteúdo: After his return to Australia, Macartney continued to play club cricket and turned out for a final first-class summer. At the start of the 1926-27 season, he captained a combined Sydney City team against a New South Wales country team, which included the then 18-year-old Bradman. Macartney scored 126 and Bradman 98 in a match viewed as a generational transition in Australian batting. He scored 114 in his opening first-class match of the season, and took wickets in each of his four matches. Macartney totalled 243 runs at 40.50 and took 11 wickets at 17.82.  In mid-1927 he toured Singapore and Malaya with Bert Oldfield's team and played in a series of non-first-class matches against local teams. In October 1929, he played for a New South Wales Cricket Association team against a series of local teams in the state's rural west.  In 1935-36, Macartney was vice-captain to Jack Ryder, on the tour of India organised by Frank Tarrant; he also wrote forthright columns for The Hindu, covering the trip. At the time, India had only received its first official tour, by England, and Australia was not keen on sending a Test team there. Thus, while the Test team were in South Africa, Tarrant's party consisted mainly of retired Test cricketers in their mid-40s and beyond.  In his return to first-class cricket after nine years, Macartney took 5/17 and 3/42 in the first international match against India, which the Australians won by eight wickets. He went wicketless as the series was squared in 

user: What was Charlie's Career that ended?

assistant: After his return to Australia, Macartney continued to play club cricket and turned out for a final first-class summer.

user: How did he do playing Cricket?

assistant: He scored 114 in his opening first-class match of the season, and took wickets in each of his four matches.

user: did he win any awards or trophies?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: is there any interesting fact about the article that you liked?

assistant: At the time, India had only received its first official tour, by England, and Australia was not keen on sending a Test team there.

user: why were they not keen on sending a test team?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Military sexual trauma (MST) 
Military sexual trauma MST refers to sexual assault or repeated, threatening sexual harassment that happened while a Veteran was in the military. This can happen to both women and men. If you were involved in any sexual act against your will during your time in the military , you may have experienced MST. Find out how to access our free services that can help you recover. 

How do I talk to someone right now? 
If you're a Veteran in crisis or concerned about one , connect with our caring, qualified Veterans Crisis Line responders for confidential help. Many of them are Veterans themselves. This service is private, free, and available 24/7. To connect with a Veterans Crisis Line responder anytime day or night : Call 800 - 273 - 8255 , then select 1. Start a confidential Veterans chat. Text 838255. If you have hearing loss , call TTY : 800 - 799 - 4889. You can also : Call 911. Go to the nearest emergency room. Go directly to your nearest VA medical center. It doesn't matter what your discharge status is or if you're enrolled in VA health care. Find your nearest VA medical center 

What services does VA provide for Veterans who ve experienced MST? 
We provide free, confidential private counseling and treatment to male and female Veterans for both mental and physical health problems linked to MST. Our services include : MST - related treatment and support at every VA medical center , and providers knowledgeable about treating the aftereffects of MST at each facility Specialized outpatient mental health services focused on sexual trauma at many VA locations Counseling with professionals who are specially trained to treat conditions related to sexual trauma at Vet Centers across the country Specialized MST treatment in a residential live - in or inpatient setting including gender - specific programs for Veterans who need more intensive care Treatment and support for health conditions linked to MST , like : Posttraumatic stress disorder PTS

user: Hello. How Do I access VA services for MST?

assistant: sure I will be glad to help. If you re a Veteran who has experienced MST you can get help through VA . You don t need to have a service - connected disability rating , and you may be able to get MST - related care even if you don t qualify for other VA services

user: ok i didnt need that thank you though

user: Where can I find more information and support? 

assistant: Go to the Department of Defense DoD Safe Helpline website, you can remain anonymous

user: I have MST issues, where can I get services for that?

assistant: I am so sorry to hear that. If you re a Veteran who has experienced MST  you can get help through VA . You don t need to have a service - connected disability rating , and you may be able to get MST - related care even if you don t qualify for other VA services
Benefits Planner: Disability | You're Approved 


When Your Benefits Start 
If your application is approved , your first Social Security benefit will be paid for the sixth full month after the date we find that your disability began. For example , if your disability began on June 15 , 2018 , your first benefit would be paid for the month of December 2018, the sixth full month of disability. Social Security benefits are paid in the month following the month for which they're due. This means that the benefit due for December would be paid to you in January 2019, and so on. 

How Much You Will Receive 
The amount of your monthly disability benefit is based on your lifetime average earnings covered by Social Security. If you don't already have an estimate , you can get your online with your personal my Social Security account or use our Benefit Calculators to determine how much you would get if you became disabled right now. 

Other Payments May Affect Your Disability Benefits 
If you receive certain other government benefits, such as workers' compensation, public disability benefits, or pensions based on work not covered by Social Security for example, some government or foreign employment, the Social Security benefits payable to you and your family may be reduced. For more information about how these benefits can affect your Social Security payments , refer to the following publications : How Workers' Compensation And Other Disability Payments May Affect Your Benefit ; Windfall Elimination Provision ; or Government Pension Offset. Related Information Income Taxes And Your Social Security Benefits. 

Medicare Coverage If You're Disabled 
We automatically enroll you in Medicare after you get disability benefits for two years. The two parts of Medicare we enroll you in are hospital insurance and medical insurance. Hospital insurance Part A helps pay for inpatient hospital bills and some follow - up care. The taxes you paid while you were working financed this coverage 

user: I want help understanding some disability benefits stuff

assistant: Are you trying to find out when your benefits begin?

user: yes and what I get when they begin

assistant: Was your application approved?
Exposure to specific environmental hazards 
If you had contact with certain environmental hazards while serving in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other areas , you may have illnesses or other conditions believed to be caused by these toxic chemicals in the air, water, or soil. Find out if you can get disability compensation or benefits. 

Can I get disability benefits from VA? 
You may be able to get disability benefits if you have an illness or other condition believed to be caused by your contact with an environmental hazard while serving in the military. This may include contact with : Particulate matter or large burn pits in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Djibouti in the Horn of Africa A large sulfur fire at Mishraq State Sulfur Mine near Mosul, Iraq Hexavalent chromium at the Qarmat Ali water treatment plant in Basra, Iraq Pollutants from a waste incinerator near the Naval Air Facility at Atsugi, Japan 

Who s covered? 
Veterans 

What kind of disability benefits can I get? 
Health care Compensation payments 

How do I get these benefits? 
You ll need to file a claim for disability compensation. Find out how to file a claim for disability compensation When you file , you ll have to show that your health problems are linked to your contact with certain environmental hazards while serving in the military. Be sure to send in all information such as the Burn Pit Registry supporting your claim that you came into contact with certain environmental hazards. Check the Burn Pit Registry 

user: Good morning. Please, i'm looking for information about possible exposure to hazardous materials, could you help me?

assistant: Have you been in contact with environmental hazards while serving in Iraq, Afghanistan and other areas?

user: Yeah, i think so.

assistant: If that so, you may have illnesses or other conditions believed to be caused by those toxic chemicals on soil, water or air.

user: IN that case, what could be the benefits i could get there?

assistant: The basic benefits would be Health care and Compensation payments.

user: Well, that's pretty much what anyone would want. How can i enjoy those?

assistant: Well, you'll need to file a claim for disability compensation, proving that your health issues are related to your contact with certain environmental hazards form your time with the military.

user: So i have to prove everything?

assistant: Yeah, that's the right procedure. You'll have to prove the veracity of your claim.

user: O.k i'll have that on mind. So, to be clear, i may be able to get VA disability benefits, right?

assistant: That's correct, you may be able to get those benefits if you're able to prove that you were in contact with those materials.
Smart Shopping for Auto RepairsYou can help avoid trouble with an unreliable or dishonest repair shop by following these tips : Deal only with a registered shop. Make sure there's a green and white " Registered State of New York Motor Vehicle Repair Shop " sign outside the shop and a valid New York State Department of Motor Vehicles DMV registration certificate inside. Use the " Find a DMV - regulated Business " service to find a registered repair shop in your area. Ask your family, friends and co - workers for advice on reliable repair shops in your area, as well as those you should avoid. Keep all records, including estimates, invoices, work orders, receipts, guarantees and warranties. Besides their importance in case you file a repair complaint , these papers serve as your record of service, and could increase your vehicle's resale value. If you authorize repair work by phone , write down the date and time, the name of the person you spoke with, any estimated price quoted, and other pertinent details. Don't be afraid to ask questions. Management of a shop should take the time to explain required repairs and prices, discuss problems, and tell you about the training and experience of employees. 

The "Consumer's Bill Of Rights" 
Under the Repair Shop Act , you have the following rights when dealing with a repair shop : Written Estimate If you request it , the repair shop must give you a written estimate of the parts and labor necessary for each specific repair. The shop may charge a reasonable fee for developing a written estimate , but the labor charge for an estimate may not exceed the shop's usual hourly labor charge . The estimate must list each part and its cost, and show what parts, if any, are either used or not of original quality. It must show the labor charges for each repair and by what method they are calculated. The shop may not charge more than the estimated price without your permission. Authorizing Work A shop may not perform any services unless you

user: I had some bad work done on my car and now what do I do to fix this?

assistant: You should attempt to resolve the issue with the management of the business. Don't forget to keep a written record of all contacts with management in addition to details about the repair. 

assistant: Would you like to know how to file a complaint online?
Título: Lou Holtz
Seção: Notre Dame
Background: Louis Leo Holtz (born January 6, 1937) is a former American football player, coach, and analyst. He served as the head football coach at The College of William & Mary (1969-1971), North Carolina State University (1972-1975), the New York Jets (1976), the University of Arkansas (1977-1983), the University of Minnesota (1984-1985), the University of Notre Dame (1986-1996), and the University of South Carolina (1999-2004), compiling a career record of 249-132-7. Holtz's 1988 Notre Dame team went 12-0 with a victory in the Fiesta Bowl and was the consensus national champion. Holtz is the only college football coach to lead six different programs to bowl games and the only coach to guide four different programs to the final top 20 rankings.

Conteúdo: In 1986, Holtz left Minnesota to take over the then-struggling Notre Dame Fighting Irish football program. A taskmaster and strict disciplinarian, Holtz had the names removed from the backs of the players' jerseys when he took over at Notre Dame, wanting to emphasize team effort. With the exception of select bowl games, names have not been included on Notre Dame's jerseys since. Although his 1986 squad posted an identical 5-6 mark that the 1985 edition had, five of their six losses were by a combined total of 14 points. In the season finale against the archrival USC Trojans, Notre Dame overcame a 17-point fourth-quarter deficit and pulled out a 38-37 win.  In his second season, Holtz led the Fighting Irish to an appearance in the Cotton Bowl Classic, where the Irish lost to the Texas A&M Aggies, 35-10. The following year, Notre Dame won all eleven of their regular season games and defeated the third-ranked West Virginia Mountaineers, 34-21, in the Fiesta Bowl, claiming the national championship. The 1989 squad also won their first eleven games (and in the process set a school record with a 23-game winning streak) and remained in the No. 1 spot all season until losing to Miami in the season finale. A 21-6 win over Colorado in the Orange Bowl gave the Irish a second-place ranking in the final standings, as well as back-to-back 12-win seasons for the first time in school history.  Holtz's 1993 Irish team ended the season with an 11-1 record and ranked second in the final AP poll

user: What did Lou Holtz do at Notre Dame?

assistant: In 1986, Holtz left Minnesota to take over the then-struggling Notre Dame Fighting Irish football program.

user: Was he able to turn their program around?

assistant: In his second season, Holtz led the Fighting Irish to an appearance in the Cotton Bowl Classic,
Título: Steve Yzerman
Seção: Early years
Background: Stephen Gregory Yzerman (; born May 9, 1965) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who spent his entire NHL playing career with the Detroit Red Wings and is a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. He is currently the general manager of the Tampa Bay Lightning. In 2017, Yzerman was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

Conteúdo: Yzerman was born in Cranbrook, British Columbia, but grew up in Nepean, Ontario, (a suburb of Ottawa, now a district in that city) where he attended Bell High School and played for his hometown Nepean Raiders Junior A hockey team. After one season with the Raiders, the Peterborough Petes of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL) drafted him, and he played centre for the Petes from 1981 to 1983.  The 1983 NHL Entry Draft was the first for Mike and Marian Ilitch, who had purchased the Detroit Red Wings in the summer of 1982. Jim Devellano, the Red Wings' then-general manager, wanted to draft Pat LaFontaine, who had grown up outside Detroit and played his junior hockey in the area. However, when the New York Islanders selected LaFontaine third overall, Devellano "settled" on Yzerman, drafting him fourth.  The Red Wings were prepared to send Yzerman back to Peterborough for one more year, but "after one (training camp) season, you knew he was a tremendous hockey player," said Ken Holland, the current Red Wings general manager who was then a minor league goaltender for the Wings during Yzerman's rookie training camp. Yzerman tallied 39 goals and 87 points in his rookie season and finished second in Calder Memorial Trophy (rookie of the year) voting. That season, Yzerman also became the first 18-year-old to play in an NHL All-Star Game (18 years, 267 days) since the current format was adopted in 1969. This stood as an NHL record for 27 years until Jeff Skinner broke it by eight days. CANN

user: Where was he born?

assistant: Yzerman was born in Cranbrook, British Columbia,

user: Who were his parents?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where did he go to school?

assistant: he attended Bell High School

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Yzerman tallied 39 goals and 87 points in his rookie season and finished second in Calder Memorial Trophy (rookie of the year) voting.

user: what was his stats?

assistant: Yzerman also became the first 18-year-old to play in an NHL All-Star Game (18 years, 267 days)
Título: Evanescence
Seção: 2015-present: Return and Synthesis
Background: Evanescence () is an American rock band founded in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1995 by singer/pianist Amy Lee and guitarist Ben Moody. After recording independent albums, the band released their first full-length album, Fallen, on Wind-up Records in 2003. Fallen sold more than 17 million copies worldwide and helped the band win two Grammy Awards out of seven nominations. A year later, Evanescence released their first live album, Anywhere but Home, which sold more than one million copies worldwide.

Conteúdo: On April 27, 2015, it was announced that the band would perform at Japan's Ozzfest on November 21, 2015, as the second headline act, making it the band's first live performance since their hiatus. Prior to Ozzfest, Evanescence would play three shows in the United States. On August 7, 2015, Lee announced that long-time guitarist Terry Balsamo had departed the band. His position was filled by German singer and guitarist Jen Majura, bassist for folk metal band Equilibrium. In an October 2015 interview, Lee stated that the band would continue to tour in 2016, but that when it came to recording new music, she was focusing on recording a solo album rather than a new Evanescence album. In late 2016, the band toured select cities in the United States, choosing alternative rock band Veridia as their opener.  On September 13, 2016, the band announced a vinyl box set titled The Ultimate Collection that includes all of their albums (including Origin) and a new version of "Even in Death", a song which first appeared on Origin. The set was released on December 9, 2016. During an interview with Loudwire, Lee stated "there is Evanescence in the future" and that there had been work on another pre-Fallen song which would be released later. On February 18, 2017, a compilation album titled Lost Whispers was made available for streaming and downloading on Spotify, iTunes and Anghami. It contained the rerecorded "Even in Death", previously released B-sides, the four deluxe edition bonus tracks to 

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: November 21, 2015, as the second headline act, making it the band's first live performance since their hiatus.

user: What was they top music

assistant: "Even in Death",

user: What happen in 2015

assistant: On August 7, 2015, Lee announced that long-time guitarist Terry Balsamo had departed the band.

user: Why did he leave

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What happen in 2016

assistant: In late 2016, the band toured select cities in the United States, choosing alternative rock band Veridia as their opener.

user: Which cities

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Thomas Nast
Seção: Career
Background: Thomas Nast (; German: [nast]; September 27, 1840 - December 7, 1902) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist considered to be the "Father of the American Cartoon". He was the scourge of Democratic Representative "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany Hall Democratic party political machine.

Conteúdo: In February 1860, he went to England for the New York Illustrated News to depict one of the major sporting events of the era, the prize fight between the American John C. Heenan and the English Thomas Sayers sponsored by George Wilkes, publisher of Wilkes' Spirit of the Times. A few months later, as artist for The Illustrated London News, he joined Garibaldi in Italy. Nast's cartoons and articles about the Garibaldi military campaign to unify Italy captured the popular imagination in the U.S. In February 1861, he arrived back in New York. In September of that year, he married Sarah Edwards, whom he had met two years earlier.  He left the New York Illustrated News to work again, briefly, for Frank Leslie's Illustrated News. In 1862, he became a staff illustrator for Harper's Weekly. In his first years with Harper's, Nast became known especially for compositions that appealed to the sentiment of the viewer. An example is "Christmas Eve" (1862), in which a wreath frames a scene of a soldier's praying wife and sleeping children at home; a second wreath frames the soldier seated by a campfire, gazing longingly at small pictures of his loved ones. One of his most celebrated cartoons was "Compromise with the South" (1864), directed against those in the North who opposed the prosecution of the American Civil War. He was known for drawing battlefields in border and southern states. These attracted great attention, and Nast was called by President Abraham Lincoln "our best recruiting s

user: HOw did Nast begin his career?

assistant: In February 1860, he went to England for the New York Illustrated News to depict one of the major sporting events of the era, the prize fight between
Título: Michael Bloomberg
Seção: 2001 election
Background: Michael Bloomberg was born at St. Elizabeth's Hospital, in the Brighton neighborhood of Boston, on February 14, 1942. Bloomberg's family is Jewish. Bloomberg's father, William Henry Bloomberg (1906-1963), was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts and worked as an accountant for a dairy company. He was the son of Alexander "Elick" Bloomberg, an immigrant from Russia.

Conteúdo: In 2001, the incumbent mayor of New York City, Rudy Giuliani, was ineligible for re-election, as the city limited the mayoralty to two consecutive terms. Several well-known New York City politicians aspired to succeed him. Bloomberg, a lifelong member of the Democratic Party, decided to run for mayor as a member of the Republican Party ticket. Voting in the primary began on the morning of September 11, 2001. The primary was postponed later that day, due to the September 11 attacks. In the rescheduled primary, Bloomberg defeated Herman Badillo, a former Congressman, to become the Republican nominee. Meanwhile, the Democratic primary did not produce a first-round winner. After a runoff, the Democratic nomination went to New York City Public Advocate Mark J. Green.  In the general election, Bloomberg received Giuliani's endorsement. He also had a huge spending advantage. Although New York City's campaign finance law restricts the amount of contributions which a candidate can accept, Bloomberg chose not to use public campaign funds and therefore his campaign was not subject to these restrictions. He spent $73 million of his own money on his campaign, outspending Green five to one. One of the major themes of his campaign was that, with the city's economy suffering from the effects of the World Trade Center attacks, it needed a mayor with business experience.  In addition to serving as the Republican nominee, Bloomberg had the ballot line of the controversial Independence Party, in

user: Who did he run against in the 2001 election?

assistant: Bloomberg defeated Herman Badillo, a former Congressman, to become the Republican nominee.
Título: Usher (musician)
Seção: 2015-present: Hard II Love and Hands of Stone
Background: Usher was born in Dallas, Texas, the son of Jonetta Patton (nee O'Neal), from Tennessee, and Usher Raymond III. Usher spent the majority of his young life in Chattanooga: his father left the family when Usher was a year old. Usher grew up with his mother, then-stepfather, and half-brother, James Lackey (born 1984). Directed by his mother, Usher joined the local church youth choir in Chattanooga, when he was nine years old.

Conteúdo: On October 16, 2015, Usher released an interactive music video exclusively on the music streaming platform Tidal called "Chains" that featuring artist Nas and Bibi Bourelly. "Chains" literally forces the viewer to confront the issue of racial profiling and police brutality head-on: By utilizing the webcam on the viewer's computer as well as facial recognition technology, "Chains" paused mid-song whenever the viewer's eyes deviate from the video. Usher performed the song for the first time at the Tidal X:1020 concert on October 20, 2015, at Brooklyn's Barclays Arena. On January 14, 2016, after continual delays of his eighth album, Usher announced via Daniel Arsham Instagram post that he changed the title of the album from UR to Flawed. It was scheduled to be released in April 2016, but has been pushed back with no release date. On June 9, 2016, Usher released a new single from his expected forthcoming album Flawed on the music streaming platform Tidal titled "No Limit" featuring Young Thug, along with a second single titled "Crash" on June 10 for all digital platforms.  On June 12, 2016, it was reported that Raymond signed a management deal with business partner Scooter Braun. Braun already represented Justin Bieber and had a joint venture with Raymond and Bieber. This report was confirmed by Usher during a sit down interview with Ryan Seacrest at the 73rd annual Cannes Festival on June 21, 2016. Usher furthered his acting career, starring as American former professional boxer

user: What did Usher do during 2015?

assistant: On October 16, 2015, Usher released an interactive music video exclusively on the music streaming platform Tidal

user: Did anything significant happen with the music video?

assistant: "Chains" literally forces the viewer to confront the issue of racial profiling and police brutality head-on:

user: Were there any other singers involved with that music video?

assistant: featuring artist Nas and Bibi Bourelly.

user: What was Usher's first album during this time period?

assistant: The album Hard II Love

user: When was that album released?

assistant: September 16, 2016,

user: What are some of singles from that album?

assistant: "No Limit"

user: What is another single from Hard II Love?

assistant: The lead single, "No Limit"

user: What was the critical reception of Hard II Love?

assistant: received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics.

user: How were the sales of the album?

assistant: sold 28,000 copies
Título: Malcolm Marshall
Seção: International debut
Background: , Malcolm Denzil Marshall (18 April 1958 - 4 November 1999) was a West Indian cricketer. Primarily a fast bowler, Marshall is regarded as one of the finest and fastest pacemen ever to have played Test cricket. His Test bowling average of 20.94 is the best of anyone who has taken 200 or more wickets. He achieved his bowling success despite being, by the standards of other fast bowlers, a short man - he stood at 5 feet 11 inches (1.80 m), while most of the great quicks have been well above 6 feet (1.8 m) and many great West Indian fast bowlers, such as Joel Garner, Curtly Ambrose and Courtney Walsh, were 6 feet 6 inches (1.98 m) or above.

Conteúdo: Marshall made his Test debut in the Second Test at Bangalore on 15 December 1978. He immediately developed a career-long antipathy to Dilip Vengsarkar due to his aggressive appealing. Despite doing little of note in the three Tests he played on that tour, he did take 37 wickets in all first-class games, and Hampshire saw enough in him to take him on as their overseas player for 1979, remaining with the county until 1993. He was in West Indies' World Cup squad, but did not play a match in the tournament. Hampshire were not doing well at the time, but nevertheless he took 47 first-class wickets, as well as picking up 5-13 against Glamorgan in the John Player League.  Marshall came to prominence in 1980, when in the third Test at Old Trafford he accounted for Mike Gatting, Brian Rose and Peter Willey in short order to spark an England collapse, although the match was eventually drawn despite Marshall taking 7-24. After 1980/81 he was out of the Test side for two years, but an excellent 1982 season when he took 134 wickets at under 16 apiece, including a career-best 8-71 against Worcestershire, saw him recalled and thereafter he remained a fixture until the end of his international career.  In seven successive Test series from 1982/83 to 1985/86 he took 21 or more wickets each time, in the last five of them averaging under 20. His most productive series in this period was the 1983/84 rubber against India, when he claimed 33 wickets as well as averaging 34 with the bat and making 

user: What team did marshall play on?

assistant: Bangalore
Título: Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Seção: Indian National Congress
Background: Tilak was born in a Marathi Chitpavan Brahmin family in Ratnagiri as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, as mentioned above. In headquarters of the eponymous district of present-day Maharashtra (then British India) on 23 July 1856. His ancestral village was Chikhali. His father, Gangadhar Tilak was a school teacher and a Sanskrit scholar who died when Tilak was sixteen.

Conteúdo: Tilak joined the Indian National Congress in 1890. He opposed its moderate attitude, especially towards the fight for self-government. He was one of the most-eminent radicals at the time. In fact, it was the Swadeshi movement of 1905-1907 that resulted in the split within the Indian National Congress into the Moderates and the Extremists  Despite being personally opposed to early marriage, Tilak was against the 1891 Age of Consent bill, seeing it as interference with Hinduism and a dangerous precedent. The act raised the age at which a girl could get married from 10 to 12 years.  During late 1896, a bubonic plague spread from Bombay to Pune, and by January 1897, it reached epidemic proportions. British troops were brought in to deal with the emergency and harsh measures were employed including forced entry into private houses, examination of occupants, evacuation to hospitals and segregation camps, removing and destroying personal possessions, and preventing patients from entering or leaving the city. By the end of May, the epidemic was under control. Though the British authorities' measures were well-meant, they were widely regarded as acts of tyranny and oppression. Tilak took up this issue by publishing inflammatory articles in his paper Kesari (Kesari was written in Marathi, and Maratha" was written in English), quoting the Hindu scripture, the Bhagavad Gita, to say that no blame could be attached to anyone who killed an oppressor without any thought of reward. Following 

user: Was Bal in the Indian National Congress?

assistant: Tilak joined the Indian National Congress

user: Why did he join?

assistant: He opposed its moderate attitude, especially towards the fight for self-government.

user: What beliefs did he have on certain policies?

assistant: Tilak was against the 1891 Age of Consent bill, seeing it as interference with Hinduism and a dangerous precedent.

user: What major event happened during his tenure?

assistant: During late 1896, a bubonic plague spread from Bombay to Pune, and by January 1897, it reached epidemic proportions.

user: How was the plague dealt with?

assistant: British troops were brought in to deal with the emergency and harsh measures were employed including forced entry into private houses, examination of occupants,
Título: Wu-Tang Clan
Seção: Foundation and name
Background: Wu-Tang Clan  is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa. Cappadonna later became an official member of the group. The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums. Its 1993 debut album, Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers), is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.

Conteúdo: All in Together Now was never signed to a record label. See, me, GZA, and ODB had a crew called FOI: Force of the Imperial Master, nah mean? We made a song, called "All in Together Now", which became famous on tapes throughout Brooklyn, Downtown Staten Island, New York, all the way down to Miami. I remember Biz Markie, when he was famous and I wasn't famous, and he was like: "Yo! I heard that shit! Your song with Ason Unique and The Specialist." I was the Scientist. So we never got signed as a group back then. We never had a serious record deal under that title.  The Wu-Tang Clan was assembled in the early 1990s with RZA as the de facto leader and the group's producer. Method Man - who met RZA in 1990 after hearing a tape the producer recorded as Prince Rakeem - recalled:  I went round his house. We went to the basement and I guess they was showin' off 'cos I was there. There'd be RZA and his brother Devon on the decks. RZA was cuttin', Devon'd go cut off the light, then RZA's go cut on the light, Devon'd be cutting, then he'd go cut off the light. They was doing some wild shit, man. And Ol' Dirty was there and he'd echo every rhyme of RZA's while beatboxing, 'cos that was in style then. That was the beginning of Wu-Tang.  RZA and Ol' Dirty Bastard adopted the name for the group after the film Shaolin and Wu Tang. The group's debut album loosely adopted a Shaolin vs. Wu-Tang theme, dividing the album into Shaolin and Wu-Tang sections.  The group developed backronyms for the n

user: Where did their name come from?

assistant: RZA and Ol' Dirty Bastard adopted the name for the group after the film Shaolin and Wu Tang.

user: When did the group form?

assistant: The Wu-Tang Clan was assembled in the early 1990s with RZA as the de facto leader and the group's producer.

user: Who were the founding members?

assistant: And Ol' Dirty was there and he'd echo every rhyme of RZA's while beatboxing, 'cos that was in style then. That was the beginning of Wu-Tang.
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user: Is it reasonable to think I should apply for as many scholarships as I can because it is free money for college?

assistant: Yes, and I would start researching early and meet deadlines for success in getting scholarships.

user: Are there different kinds of scholarships available?

assistant: Some scholarships you have to earn them by meeting or exceeding certain standard set by the giver and merit scholarships might be awarded based on academic achievement or on talents and academics.

assistant: Did you know some scholarships are just for women or graduate students?
Título: Richard Dawkins
Seção: Fathering the meme
Background: Clinton Richard Dawkins  (born 26 March 1941) is an English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and author. He is an emeritus fellow of New College, Oxford, and was the University of Oxford's Professor for Public Understanding of Science from 1995 until 2008. Dawkins first came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term, meme. With his book The Extended Phenotype (1982), he introduced into evolutionary biology the influential concept that the phenotypic effects of a gene are not necessarily limited to an organism's body, but can stretch far into the environment.

Conteúdo: In his book, The Selfish Gene, Dawkins coined the word meme (the behavioural equivalent of a gene) as a way to encourage readers to think about how Darwinian principles might be extended beyond the realm of genes. It was intended as an extension of his "replicators" argument, but it took on a life of its own in the hands of other authors, such as Daniel Dennett and Susan Blackmore. These popularisations then led to the emergence of memetics, a field from which Dawkins has distanced himself.  Dawkins's meme refers to any cultural entity that an observer might consider a replicator of a certain idea or set of ideas. He hypothesised that people could view many cultural entities as capable of such replication, generally through communication and contact with humans, who have evolved as efficient (although not perfect) copiers of information and behaviour. Because memes are not always copied perfectly, they might become refined, combined, or otherwise modified with other ideas; this results in new memes, which may themselves prove more or less efficient replicators than their predecessors, thus providing a framework for a hypothesis of cultural evolution based on memes, a notion that is analogous to the theory of biological evolution based on genes.  Although Dawkins invented the term meme, he has not claimed that the idea was entirely novel, and there have been other expressions for similar ideas in the past. For instance, John Laurent has suggested that the term may have derived

user: How was Dawkins responsible for the term meme?

assistant: In his book, The Selfish Gene, Dawkins coined the word meme

user: What was Dawkins referring to?

assistant: Dawkins's meme refers to any cultural entity that an observer might consider a replicator of a certain idea or set of ideas.

user: What is the selfish gene?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER