Título: Thomas Eakins
Seção: Photography
Background: Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins (July 25, 1844 - June 25, 1916) was an American realist painter, photographer, sculptor, and fine arts educator. He is widely acknowledged to be one of the most important artists in American art history. For the length of his professional career, from the early 1870s until his health began to fail some 40 years later, Eakins worked exactingly from life, choosing as his subject the people of his hometown of Philadelphia. He painted several hundred portraits, usually of friends, family members, or prominent people in the arts, sciences, medicine, and clergy.

Conteúdo: Eakins has been credited with having "introduced the camera to the American art studio". During his study abroad, he was exposed to the use of photography by the French realists, though the use of photography was still frowned upon as a shortcut by traditionalists.  In the late 1870s, Eakins was introduced to the photographic motion studies of Eadweard Muybridge, particularly the equine studies, and became interested in using the camera to study sequential movement. In the mid-1880s, Eakins worked briefly alongside Muybridge in the latter's photographic studio at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. Eakins soon performed his own independent motion studies, also usually involving the nude figure, and even developed his own technique for capturing movement on film. Whereas Muybridge's system relied on a series of cameras triggered to produce a sequence of individual photographs, Eakins preferred to use a single camera to produce a series of exposures superimposed on one negative. Eakins was more interested in precision measurements on a single image to aid in translating a motion into a painting, while Muybridge preferred separate images that could also be displayed by his primitive movie projector.  After Eakins obtained a camera in 1880, several paintings, such as Mending the Net (1881) and Arcadia (1883), are known to have been derived at least in part from his photographs. Some figures appear to be detailed transcriptions and tracings from the photographs by some

user: Was photography a hobby or career for Eakins?

assistant: Eakins has been credited with having "introduced the camera to the American art studio".

user: What did Eakins typically photograph?

assistant: usually involving the nude figure,

user: Did Eakins paint the things he photographed?

assistant: Some figures appear to be detailed transcriptions and tracings from the photographs by some device

user: What else did he use the photographs for?

assistant: photographic motion studies

user: Were there other things he used those photographs for?

assistant: show real human anatomy from several specific angles,

user: Did he use them for anything other than anatomy and motion studies?

assistant: were often hung and displayed for study at the school.

user: What school were the photographs displayed at?

assistant: University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.

user: Is there anything else of note about his affiliation with the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia?

assistant: Eakins worked briefly alongside Muybridge in the latter's photographic studio at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.