dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Alfred Adler
Seção: Spirituality, ecology and community
Background: Alfred Adler was born at Mariahilfer Strasse 208 in Rudolfsheim, then a village on the western fringes of Vienna, and today part of Rudolfsheim-Funfhaus, the 15th district of the city. He was second of the seven children of a Hungarian-born, Jewish grain merchant and his wife. Alfred's younger brother died in the bed next to him, when Alfred was only three years old. Alfred was an active, popular child and an average student who was also known for his competitive attitude toward his older brother, Sigmund.

Conteúdo: In a late work, Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind (1938), Adler turns to the subject of metaphysics, where he integrates Jan Smuts' evolutionary holism with the ideas of teleology and community: "sub specie aeternitatis". Unabashedly, he argues his vision of society: "Social feeling means above all a struggle for a communal form that must be thought of as eternally applicable... when humanity has attained its goal of perfection... an ideal society amongst all mankind, the ultimate fulfillment of evolution." Adler follows this pronouncement with a defense of metaphysics:  I see no reason to be afraid of metaphysics; it has had a great influence on human life and development. We are not blessed with the possession of absolute truth; on that account we are compelled to form theories for ourselves about our future, about the results of our actions, etc. Our idea of social feeling as the final form of humanity - of an imagined state in which all the problems of life are solved and all our relations to the external world rightly adjusted - is a regulative ideal, a goal that gives our direction. This goal of perfection must bear within it the goal of an ideal community, because all that we value in life, all that endures and continues to endure, is eternally the product of this social feeling.  This social feeling for Adler is Gemeinschaftsgefuhl, a community feeling whereby one feels he or she belongs with others and has also developed an ecological connection with nature (pl

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: This social feeling for Adler is Gemeinschaftsgefuhl, a community feeling whereby one feels he or she belongs with

user: What does Alfred Adler say about spirituality?

assistant: I see no reason to be afraid of metaphysics; it has had a great influence on human life and development.

user: What is his view on ecology?

assistant: developed an ecological connection with nature (plants, animals, the crust of this earth) and the cosmos as a whole,
Título: Cancer Bats
Seção: Lineup changes and Hail Destroyer (2007-2008)
Background: Cancer Bats are a Canadian hardcore punk band from Toronto, Ontario. They have released five studio albums and six extended plays. The band is composed of vocalist Liam Cormier, guitarist Scott Middleton, drummer Mike Peters and bassist Jaye R. Schwarzer. Cancer Bats take a wide variety of influences from heavy metal subgenres and fuse them into hardcore and punk rock, and also include elements of Southern rock.

Conteúdo: Bass player Andrew McCracken left to concentrate on his design company Doublenaut. His spot was filled in by Jason Bailey (former member of Figure Four and Shattered Realm) for most of 2007. However, Bailey was then replaced by Jaye R. Schwarzer (formerly of Left Behind, Hope to Die, Minesweeper, and Kover) as he wanted to focus on being a graphic designer; he still designs artworks for Cancer Bats and remains friends with Liam Cormier.  The band released their second studio album called Hail Destroyer on April 22, 2008. The album features guest vocals by Wade MacNeil of Alexisonfire and Black Lungs, Tim McIlrath of Rise Against and Ben Kowalewicz of Billy Talent. The release was held at the Mod Club in downtown Toronto with Liam Cormier not only singing for Cancer Bats, but also performing drums for Black Lungs. On May 17, 2008, Cancer Bats were put on the cover of Kerrang!, a publication which gave their album Hail Destroyer a KKKKK review (highest possible) as well as a 5k Live review on their headlining UK tour. Cancer Bats were also nominated for 2008 Album of the Year for the 2008 Kerrang! awards.  Cancer Bats have performed at the Download Festival in 2007, Groezrock 2007 and at both Reading and Leeds Festivals in 2007 and 2008. In the summer of 2008, the band did an extensive summer and autumn tour with Bullet for My Valentine, Black Tide and Bleeding Through, as part of the No Fear music tour across North America. Also in 2008, they were a support act for Welsh band 

user: what happened with cancer bats in 2007

assistant: Bass player Andrew McCracken left to concentrate on his design company Doublenaut.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: The band released their second studio album called Hail Destroyer

user: did it make it to the top charts?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: what happened in 2008?

assistant: On May 17, 2008, Cancer Bats were put on the cover of Kerrang!,

user: did they win any awards?

assistant: Cancer Bats were also nominated for 2008 Album of the Year for the 2008 Kerrang! awards.
Título: Sigmund Freud
Seção: Early life and education
Background: Sigmund Freud ( FROYD; German: ['zi:kmUnt 'fRoYt]; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 - 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. Freud was born to Galician Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire. He qualified as a doctor of medicine in 1881 at the University of Vienna. Upon completing his habilitation in 1885, he was appointed a docent in neuropathology and became an affiliated professor in 1902.

Conteúdo: Freud was born to Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg, in the Austrian Empire (later Pribor, Czech Republic), the first of eight children. Both of his parents were from Galicia, in modern-day Ukraine. His father, Jakob Freud (1815-1896), a wool merchant, had two sons, Emanuel (1833-1914) and Philipp (1836-1911), by his first marriage. Jakob's family were Hasidic Jews, and although Jakob himself had moved away from the tradition, he came to be known for his Torah study. He and Freud's mother, Amalia Nathansohn, who was 20 years younger and his third wife, were married by Rabbi Isaac Noah Mannheimer on 29 July 1855. They were struggling financially and living in a rented room, in a locksmith's house at Schlossergasse 117 when their son Sigmund was born. He was born with a caul, which his mother saw as a positive omen for the boy's future.  In 1859, the Freud family left Freiberg. Freud's half brothers emigrated to Manchester, England, parting him from the "inseparable" playmate of his early childhood, Emanuel's son, John. Jakob Freud took his wife and two children (Freud's sister, Anna, was born in 1858; a brother, Julius born in 1857, had died in infancy) firstly to Leipzig and then in 1860 to Vienna where four sisters and a brother were born: Rosa (b. 1860), Marie (b. 1861), Adolfine (b. 1862), Paula (b. 1864), Alexander (b. 1866). In 1865, the nine-year-old Freud entered the Leopoldstadter Kommunal-Realgymnasium, a prominent high school. He proved an outstanding 

user: What was his early life like?

assistant: Freud was born to Jewish parents in the Moravian town of Freiberg,
Doing Business With Us 
Federal Student Aid Acquisitions plays an integral role supporting Federal Students Aid's needs and program objectives. Federal Student Aid Acquisitions is responsible for ensuring the efficient and economic acquisition of products and services for Federal Student Aid while reducing cost and maintaining compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and Executive Orders. 

Acquisition Forecast 
Federal Student Aid prepares an annual forecast, with periodic updates, of expected contract opportunities in excess of the simplified acquisition threshold for each fiscal year. Information on Federal Student Aid's forecast, as well as other U.S. Department of Education acquisitions, can be found at Forecast of ED Contract Opportunities. All forecasted procurements are subject to revision or cancellation. 

Acquisition Notices and Contract Solicitations 
Active acquisition synopses, contract solicitations, and other information including draft work statements, special notices, sources sought notices, etc ., are available at FedBizOpps, the U.S. Government's single point - of - entry for federal business opportunities. FedBizOpps also contains copies of requests for quotations for proposed contract actions expected to exceed $10,000 but not to exceed $25,000. 

Federal Student Aid IT Standards 
Federal Student Aid relies heavily on information technology IT to support complex business processes. Therefore , effective use of IT is essential to many Federal Student Aid acquisitions. The IT Standards Library identifies federal, Department and Federal Student Aid specific IT standards directly pertinent to Federal Student Aid's acquisitions. 

Contact 
If you have questions regarding Federal Student Aid's Acquisition activities , please e - mail FSA Acquisitions. 

user: I have some questions about Federal Student Aid.

assistant: I can help you with that. Federal Student Aid Acquisitions play a vital role in supporting Federal Students Aid's needs.

user: What is Federal Student Aid Acquisitions responsible for?

assistant: They are responsible for ensuring the efficient and economic acquisition of products and services for Federal Student Aid while decreasing costs. They are also responsible for maintaining compliance with laws, regulations, and Executive Orders.

user: What are Federal Student Aid IT Standards?

assistant: Due to the fact that Federal Student Aid relies heavily on IT to support complex business processes, effective use of IT is essential.

user: Are all forecasted procurements in the Acquisition Forecast final?

assistant: No. They are subject to revision or cancellation.

user: Who do I contact if I need additional assistance?

assistant: Do you have more questions about Federal Student Aid's Acquisition activities?
Título: Hattie McDaniel
Seção: Death
Background: Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1895 - October 26, 1952) was an American stage actress, professional singer-songwriter, and comedian. She is best known for her role as "Mammy" in Gone with the Wind (1939), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first Academy Award won by an African American entertainer. In addition to acting in many films, McDaniel was a radio performer and television star; she was the first black woman to sing on radio in the United States. She appeared in over 300 films, although she received screen credits for only 80 or so.

Conteúdo: In August, 1950, McDaniel suffered a heart ailment and entered Temple Hospital in semi-critical condition. She was released in October to recuperate at home, and she was cited by United Press on Jan. 3, 1951, as showing "slight improvement in her recovery from a mild stroke."  McDaniel died of breast cancer at age 57 on October 26, 1952, in the hospital on the grounds of the Motion Picture House in Woodland Hills, California. She was survived by her brother Sam McDaniel. Thousands of mourners turned out to celebrate her life and achievements. In her will, McDaniel wrote, "I desire a white casket and a white shroud; white gardenias in my hair and in my hands, together with a white gardenia blanket and a pillow of red roses. I also wish to be buried in the Hollywood Cemetery"; Hollywood Cemetery, on Santa Monica Boulevard in Hollywood, is the resting place of movie stars such as Douglas Fairbanks and Rudolph Valentino. Its owner at the time, Jules Roth, refused to allow her to be buried there, because, at the time of McDaniel's death, the cemetery practiced racial segregation and would not accept the remains of black people for burial. Her second choice was Rosedale Cemetery (now known as Angelus-Rosedale Cemetery), where she lies today.  In 1999, Tyler Cassidy, the new owner of the Hollywood Cemetery (renamed the Hollywood Forever Cemetery), offered to have McDaniel re-interred there. Her family did not wish to disturb her remains and declined the offer. Instead, Hollywood For

user: When did Hattie die?

assistant: October 26, 1952,

user: What caused his death?

assistant: breast cancer

user: Was he treated before his death?

assistant: in the hospital

user: What else can i know about his death?

assistant: grounds of the Motion Picture House in Woodland Hills, California.

user: Where did he die?

assistant: Woodland Hills, California.

user: Where was he buried?

assistant: Hollywood Cemetery";

user: Who are those present at the burial?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Hollywood Forever Cemetery built a large cenotaph
Título: Florence Nightingale
Seção: Literature and the women's movement
Background: Florence Nightingale was born on 12 May 1820 into a rich, upper-class, well-connected British family at the Villa Colombaia, in Florence, Tuscany, Italy, and was named after the city of her birth. Florence's older sister Frances Parthenope had similarly been named after her place of birth, Parthenope, a Greek settlement now part of the city of Naples. The family moved back to England in 1821, with Nightingale being brought up in the family's homes at Embley, Hampshire and Lea Hurst, Derbyshire. Florence inherited a liberal-humanitarian outlook from both sides of her family.

Conteúdo: Historian of science I. Bernard Cohen argues:  Lytton Strachey was famous for his book debunking 19th century heroes, Eminent Victorians (1918). Nightingale gets a full chapter, but instead of the debunking received praise that overall raised her national reputation and made her an icon for English feminists of the 1920s and 1930s.  While better known for her contributions in the nursing and mathematical fields, Nightingale is also an important link in the study of English feminism. She wrote some 200 books, pamphlets and articles throughout her life. During 1850 and 1852, she was struggling with her self-definition and the expectations of an upper-class marriage from her family. As she sorted out her thoughts, she wrote Suggestions for Thought to Searchers after Religious Truth. This was an 829-page, three-volume work, which Nightingale had printed privately in 1860, but which until recently was never published in its entirety. An effort to correct this was made with a 2008 publication by Wilfrid Laurier University, as volume 11 of a 16 volume project, the Collected Works of Florence Nightingale. The best known of these essays, called "Cassandra", was previously published by Ray Strachey in 1928. Strachey included it in The Cause, a history of the women's movement. Apparently, the writing served its original purpose of sorting out thoughts; Nightingale left soon after to train at the Institute for deaconesses at Kaiserswerth.  "Cassandra" protests the over-feminisation of wo

user: What literature did she write?

assistant: she wrote Suggestions for Thought to Searchers after Religious Truth.
Título: Hattie McDaniel
Seção: Whereabouts of the McDaniel Oscar
Background: Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1895 - October 26, 1952) was an American stage actress, professional singer-songwriter, and comedian. She is best known for her role as "Mammy" in Gone with the Wind (1939), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first Academy Award won by an African American entertainer. In addition to acting in many films, McDaniel was a radio performer and television star; she was the first black woman to sing on radio in the United States. She appeared in over 300 films, although she received screen credits for only 80 or so.

Conteúdo: The whereabouts of McDaniel's Oscar are currently unknown. In 1992, Jet magazine reported that Howard University could not find it and alleged that it had disappeared during protests in the 1960s. In 1998, Howard University stated that it could find no written record of the Oscar having arrived at Howard. In 2007, an article in the Huffington Post repeated rumors that the Oscar had been cast into the Potomac River by angry civil rights protesters in the 1960s. The assertion reappeared in the Huffington Post under the same byline in 2009.  In 2010, Mo'Nique, the winner of the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, wearing a blue dress and gardenias in her hair, as McDaniel had at the ceremony in 1940, in her acceptance speech thanked McDaniel "for enduring all that she had to so that I would not have to". Her speech revived interest in the whereabouts of McDaniel's plaque. In 2011, J. Freedom duLac reported in the Washington Post that the plaque had disappeared in the 1960s.  In November 2011, W. B. Carter, of the George Washington University Law School, published the results of her year-and-a-half-long investigation into the Oscar's fate. Carter rejected claims that students had stolen the Oscar (and thrown it in the Potomac River) as wild speculation or fabrication that traded on long-perpetuated stereotypes of blacks. She questioned the sourcing of the Huffington Post stories. Instead, she argued that the Oscar was likely returned to Howard University's Channing Pollack

user: What happened to the Oscar?

assistant: The whereabouts of McDaniel's Oscar are currently unknown.

user: How did it go missing?

assistant: it had disappeared during protests in the 1960s.
Título: Amish
Seção: Amish life in the modern world
Background: The Amish (; Pennsylvania German: Amisch, German: Amische) are a group of traditionalist Christian church fellowships with Swiss Anabaptist origins. They are closely related to, but distinct from, Mennonite churches. The Amish are known for simple living, plain dress, and reluctance to adopt many conveniences of modern technology. The history of the Amish church began with a schism in Switzerland within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists in 1693 led by Jakob Ammann.

Conteúdo: As time has passed, the Amish have felt pressures from the modern world. Issues such as taxation, education, law and its enforcement, and occasional discrimination and hostility are areas of difficulty.  The Amish way of life in general has increasingly diverged from that of modern society. On occasion, this has resulted in sporadic discrimination and hostility from their neighbors, such as throwing of stones or other objects at Amish horse-drawn carriages on the roads.  The Amish do not usually educate their children past the eighth grade, believing that the basic knowledge offered up to that point is sufficient to prepare one for the Amish lifestyle. Almost no Amish go to high school and college. In many communities, the Amish operate their own schools, which are typically one-room schoolhouses with teachers (usually young, unmarried women) from the Amish community. On May 19, 1972, Jonas Yoder and Wallace Miller of the Old Order Amish, and Adin Yutzy of the Conservative Amish Mennonite Church were each fined $5 for refusing to send their children, aged 14 and 15, to high school. In Wisconsin v. Yoder, the Wisconsin Supreme Court overturned the conviction, and the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed this, finding the benefits of universal education were not sufficient justification to overcome scrutiny under the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment.  The Amish are subject to sales and property taxes. As they seldom own motor vehicles, they rarely have occasion to pay motor v

user: What has modern life done

assistant: Amish have felt pressures from the modern world.

user: What pressure

assistant: Issues such as taxation,

user: What other issue

assistant: education,

user: What is another issue they face

assistant: law and its enforcement,

user: What was the next issue they faced

assistant: sporadic discrimination and hostility from their neighbors,

user: What has this caused

assistant: throwing of stones or other objects at Amish horse-drawn carriages

user: What is an issue with th state

assistant: Jonas Yoder and Wallace Miller of the Old Order Amish, and Adin Yutzy of the Conservative Amish Mennonite Church were each fined

user: When did this happen

assistant: May 19, 1972,
Título: Matt Sorum
Seção: 1990-1997: Guns N' Roses
Background: Matthew William Sorum (born November 19, 1960) is an American drummer and percussionist. He is best known as both a former member of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he recorded three studio albums, and as a member of the supergroup Velvet Revolver. Sorum is currently a member of the touring project, Kings of Chaos, and is a former member of both The Cult and Y Kant Tori Read. Sorum was also a member of Guns N' Roses side-projects, Slash's Snakepit and Neurotic Outsiders, and released a solo album, Hollywood Zen, in 2004.

Conteúdo: In 1989, Slash saw Sorum live with The Cult on their Sonic Temple tour and, shortly after, Sorum joined Guns N' Roses as Steven Adler's replacement.  Sorum with Guns N' Roses can be heard on Use Your Illusion I, Use Your Illusion II (excluding the track "Civil War"), "The Spaghetti Incident?", the 1994 cover of The Rolling Stones track "Sympathy for the Devil" and the majority of Live Era: '87-'93. Sorum featured fully on the lengthy Use Your Illusion Tour, drumming on all of the 194 shows, 9 legs and to over 7 million fans.  In 1995, Sorum formed Slash's Snakepit with Slash and Gilby Clarke and drummed on their debut album It's Five O'Clock Somewhere. Sorum also lent his drumming skills in the theme song for the 1995 20th Century Fox film, Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie. In the same year, Sorum formed the supergroup Neurotic Outsiders, which featured bandmate Duff McKagan. In 1996 they released their only album, the self-titled Neurotic Outsiders. John Taylor (Duran Duran) and Steve Jones (Sex Pistols) also participated on this album, and toured. Early performances featured guest spots by Simon Le Bon (Duran Duran), Slash, and Billy Idol.  In 1997, Sorum was fired from Guns N' Roses by Axl Rose after an argument with Rose over the inclusion of Paul Tobias in the band. In 1998, he released his first and only drum instructional video (Drum Licks and Tricks from the Rock n Roll Jungle) demonstrating his techniques. In 2001 Matt joined The Cult once again and featured o

user: WHEN HE WAS BORN?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: WHAT DID HE DO IN 1988?

assistant: Slash saw Sorum live
Título: Dominik Hašek
Seção: Ottawa Senators (2005-2006)
Background: Hasek started playing hockey at the age of six in his native Czechoslovakia. As he explains: They held a tryout for 5-year-old boys and my father took me there. I didn't even have real skates. I had those blades that you screwed onto the soles of your shoes, but I was tall, and the 9-year-olds didn't have a goalie, so they put me in with them and thats where I fell in love with the game of hockey.

Conteúdo: After his contract with the Red Wings expired, Hasek announced his intention to play for a Stanley Cup contender, and specifically named the Ottawa Senators as a possibility. On July 6, 2004, after trading Patrick Lalime to the St. Louis Blues, the Senators signed Hasek to a one-year deal.  During the 2004-05 NHL lockout, Hasek toured with the Primus Worldstars. Similar to the tour Wayne Gretzky and IMG formed during the 1994-95 NHL lockout, the Primus Worldstars Tour ran December 7-23, playing in seven different countries (Riga, Latvia; Moscow and St Petersburg, Russia; Bratislava, Slovakia; Bern, Switzerland; Karlstad, Jonkoping and Linkoping, Sweden; Oslo, Norway; Katowice, Poland) in ten scheduled games. The tour competed against all-star teams or club teams of each country.  Hasek played increasingly well for the Senators up until the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. During the season, he reached 300 career wins, and his GAA and save percentage were the second-best in the league. Upon departure to Turin, Hasek's equipment was accidentally left behind in Ottawa. This caused Hasek to miss a number of practices with the Czech national team. At the Winter Olympics, he injured his right adductor muscle while making a save in the first qualifying match against Germany, forcing him to leave the game after only 9 minutes and 25 seconds. Hasek's injury caused him to miss the rest of the regular season and post-season, despite several rumours that he would return in time for the pla

user: what happen in 2005 that stood out

assistant: During the 2004-05 NHL lockout, Hasek toured with the Primus Worldstars.

user: what was the 1st team he played with

assistant: Red Wings

user: did he ever play with any other teams in this time period

assistant: Senators

user: when did he stop playing for them

assistant: one-year

user: did he ever win any trophies or awards in 05/06

assistant: his GAA and save percentage were the second-best in the league.

user: is there anything else that really sticks out for 2005 and 06

assistant: During the season, he reached 300 career wins,
Título: Eleanor Roosevelt
Seção: Places named for Roosevelt
Background: Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (; October 11, 1884 - November 7, 1962) was an American politician, diplomat and activist. She served as the First Lady of the United States from March 1933 to April 1945 during her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office, making her the longest serving First Lady of the United States.  Roosevelt served as United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952. President Harry S. Truman later called her the "First Lady of the World" in tribute to her human rights achievements.

Conteúdo: In 1972, the Eleanor Roosevelt Institute was founded; it merged with the Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Foundation in 1987 to become the Roosevelt Institute. The Roosevelt Institute is a liberal American think tank. The organization, based in New York City, states that it exists "to carry forward the legacy and values of Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt by developing progressive ideas and bold leadership in the service of restoring America's promise of opportunity for all."  Eleanor Roosevelt High School, a public magnet high school specializing in science, mathematics, technology, and engineering, was established in 1976 at its current location in Greenbelt, Maryland. It was the first high school named for Eleanor Roosevelt, and is part of the Prince George's County Public Schools system.  Eleanor lived in a stone cottage at Val-Kill, which was two miles east of the Springwood Estate. The cottage had been her home after the death of her husband and was the only residence she had ever personally owned. In 1977, the home was formally designated by an act of Congress as the Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site, "to commemorate for the education, inspiration, and benefit of present and future generations the life and work of an outstanding woman in American history." In 1998, Save America's Treasures (SAT) announced Val-Kill cottage as a new official project. SAT's involvement led to the Honoring Eleanor Roosevelt (HER) project, initially run by private volunteers and now

user: What is the most prominent place named after Roosevelt?

assistant: In 1988, Eleanor Roosevelt College,

user: Was there anything notable about the college other than the name?

assistant: ERC emphasizes international understanding, including proficiency in a foreign language and a regional specialization.

user: What is another place bearing her name?

assistant: Eleanor Roosevelt High School,
Título: James Black (blacksmith)
Seção: Bowie knife and fame
Background: James Black was born in Hackensack, New Jersey on 1 May 1800. James' mother died when he was very young and he had difficulty getting along with his stepmother. Black ran away from home to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at age 8 and was apprenticed to a silversmith. At age 18 he migrated westward and took jobs on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers.

Conteúdo: In 1830, Black made the famous Bowie knife for Jim Bowie who was already famous for knife-fighting from his 1827 sandbar duel. Bowie's killing of three assassins in Texas and his death at the Battle of the Alamo made him, and Black's knife, legends. After Bowie's death in 1836, Black did a brisk business selling his knives to pioneers bound for Texas. Everyone seemed to want "Jim Bowie's knife." Black forged his knives behind a leather curtain and kept his process a secret. Black's knives were known to be exceedingly tough yet flexible. Many claimed that Black had rediscovered the process to make Damascus steel.  James Black's wife Anne died in 1838; and in 1839, while Black was in bed from an illness, his father-in-law Shaw broke into Black's house and brutally attacked him with a club. Black's life was saved by the family dog; he survived, but his eyes were severely damaged by the attack. He went north to seek medical advice, where his eyes were further damaged by the inept ministrations of a Cincinnati, Ohio, physician. When Black returned to Arkansas he discovered that his father-in-law had sold his business and property, illegally, and disappeared with the cash.  Black lived on a local plantation for a couple of years until Dr. Isaac Newton Jones took him into his home. Black lived with the Jones family for the next 30 years. He attempted to pass on his knife-making secrets to Daniel Webster Jones, but unfortunately he could not remember the technique. Jones would later 

user: What did James Black do?

assistant: In 1830, Black made the famous Bowie knife for Jim Bowie

user: Why is this knife famous?

assistant: After Bowie's death in 1836, Black did a brisk business selling his knives to pioneers bound for Texas. Everyone seemed to want "Jim Bowie's knife.

user: How many knifes did he sold?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What else was Black famous for?

assistant: Black's knives were known to be exceedingly tough yet flexible. Many claimed that Black had rediscovered the process to make Damascus steel.

user: Did he have any family?

assistant: James Black's wife Anne died in 1838;

user: What about any children?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: The story rests solely on Black's claims made well after he had been adjudged mentally incompetent...

user: Why was he adjudged mentally incompetent?

assistant: More skeptically, "...[T]here is no direct contemporary evidence to establish that James Black made a knife for James Bowie...
Título: Enrique Peña Nieto
Seção: Security policy
Background: Enrique Pena Nieto was born on 20 July 1966 in Atlacomulco, State of Mexico, a city 55 miles (89 km) northwest of Mexico City. He is the oldest of four siblings; his father, Gilberto Enrique Pena del Mazo, was an electrical engineer; his mother, Maria del Perpetuo Socorro Ofelia Nieto Sanchez, a schoolteacher. He is the nephew of two former governors of the State of Mexico: on his mother's side, Arturo Montiel (whom business magazine Forbes listed in 2013, as one of the ten most corrupt Mexican politicians); on his father's, Alfredo del Mazo Gonzalez.

Conteúdo: While campaigning, Pena Nieto appointed a former general of the National Police of Colombia as his external advisor for public security, and boldly promised to reduce the murder rate in Mexico by 50% by the end of his six-year term. Critics of Pena Nieto's security strategy, however, said that he offered "little sense" in exactly how he will reduce the violence. During the three-month campaign, Pena Nieto was not explicit on his anti-crime strategy, and many analysts wondered whether he was holding back politically sensitive details or simply did not know how he would attempt to squelch the violence and carry out the next stage in Mexico's drug war. United States officials were worried that the election of Pena Nieto's Institutional Revolutionary Party may mean a return to the old PRI tactics of "corruption [and] backroom deals" with the cartels in exchange for bribes and relative peace.  In 2012, the president-elect emphasized that he did not support the involvement or presence of armed United States agents in Mexico, but considered allowing the United States to instruct Mexico's military training in counterinsurgency tactics. Beyond that, Pena Nieto promised that no other measures will be taken by the United States in Mexico.  The security policy of Pena Nieto has prioritized the reduction of violence rather than attacking Mexico's drug-trafficking organizations head-on, marking a departure from the strategy of the previous six years during Felipe Calderon's administration.

user: What kind of security policy does he advocate

assistant: boldly promised to reduce the murder rate in Mexico by 50% by the end of his six-year term.

user: How does he plan to lower the murder rate?

assistant: Critics of Pena Nieto's security strategy, however, said that he offered "little sense" in exactly how he will reduce the violence.

user: Did he say what he was going to try and do?

assistant: The security policy of Pena Nieto has prioritized the reduction of violence rather than attacking Mexico's drug-trafficking organizations head-on,

user: Is he working with the drug traffickers

assistant: United States officials were worried that the election of Pena Nieto's Institutional Revolutionary Party may mean a return to the old PRI tactics of "corruption [and] backroom deals"

user: What else is he planning to do for security?

assistant: Part of Pena Nieto's strategy consists of the creation of a national police of 40,000 members, known as a "gendarmerie".
Título: Devika Rani
Seção: Background and education
Background: Devika Rani Chaudhuri, usually known as Devika Rani (30 March 1908 - 9 March 1994), was an actress in Indian films who was active during the 1930s and 1940s. Widely acknowledged as the first lady of Indian cinema, Devika Rani had a successful film career that spanned 10 years. Born into a wealthy, anglicized Indian family, Devika Rani was sent to boarding school in England at age nine and grew up in that country. In 1928, she met Himanshu Rai, an Indian film-producer, and married him the following year.

Conteúdo: Devika Rani Chaudhuri was born into a Bengali family in Waltair near Visakhapatnam in present-day Andhra Pradesh, into an extremely affluent and educated Bengali family. Her father, Colonel Manmatha Nath Chaudhuri, was the first Indian Surgeon-General of Madras Presidency and a nephew of Rabindranath Tagore.  Her mother, Leela Devi Choudhary, came from an educated family and was a grand-niece of Tagore. Devika's father's brothers were Ashutosh Chaudhuri, Chief Justice of Calcutta High Court, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri, a prominent Kolkata-based barrister and Pramatha Chaudhuri, the famous Bengali writer.  Devika Rani was related through both her parents to the poet and Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Her father, Manmathnath Choudhary, was the son of Sukumari Devi Choudhary, sister of Rabindranath Tagore. Devika's mother, Leela Devi Chaudhuri, was the daughter of Indumati Devi Chattopadhyay, whose mother Saudamini Devi Gangopadhyay was another sister of the Nobel laureate. Devika's father and maternal grandmothers were first cousins to each other, being the children of two sisters of Rabindranath Tagore.  Further, two of her father's brothers had also married their cousins: Prativa Devi Choudhury, wife of Ashutosh Choudhary, was the daughter of Hemendranath Tagore, and Indira Devi Choudhary, wife of Promatho Choudhary, was the daughter of Satyendranath Tagore. Devika thus had strong ties to Jarasanko, seat of the Tagore family in Kolkata and a major crucible of the Bengali r

user: where was Devika born?

assistant: in Waltair near Visakhapatnam

user: What was her family background?

assistant: an extremely affluent and educated Bengali family.

user: who was her father?

assistant: Colonel Manmatha Nath Chaudhuri, was the first Indian Surgeon-General of Madras Presidency and a nephew of Rabindranath Tagore.

user: who was her mother?

assistant: Leela Devi Choudhary, came from an educated family

user: Did Devika go to school?

assistant: Devika Rani was sent to boarding school

user: where did she go to school?

assistant: in England

user: how log did she stay there?

assistant: 1927,
Título: Honus Wagner
Seção: Life after baseball
Background: Wagner was born to German immigrants Peter and Katheryn Wagner in the borough of Chartiers, in what is now Carnegie, Pennsylvania. Wagner was one of nine children. As a child, he was called Hans by his mother, which later evolved into Honus. "Hans" was also an alternate nickname during his major league career.

Conteúdo: Wagner was not finished playing baseball after his retirement from major league baseball. He managed and played for a semi-pro team. After retirement, Wagner served the Pirates as a coach for 39 years, most notably as a hitting instructor from 1933 to 1952. Arky Vaughan, Ralph Kiner, Pie Traynor (player-manager from 1934-1939), and Hank Greenberg (although, Greenberg was in his final major league season in 1947, his only season with the Pirates, and very well established) all future Hall of Famers, were notable "pupils" of Wagner. During this time, he wore uniform number 14, but later changed it to his more famous 33, which was later the number retired for him. (His entire playing career was in the days before uniform numbers were worn.) His appearances at National League stadiums during his coaching years were always well received and Wagner remained a beloved ambassador of baseball. Wagner also coached baseball and basketball at what is now Carnegie Mellon University.  In 1928, Wagner ran for sheriff of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania but lost. He was made deputy county sheriff in 1942. He also ran a well-known sporting goods company. A sporting goods store bearing the name "Honus Wagner" operated in downtown Pittsburgh for 93 years before closing permanently in 2011.  The Pirates hosted the 1944 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at Forbes Field. Wagner was invited to be an honorary coach for the National League squad, the first time this honor was bestowed in Major League

user: How was wagners life after baseball

assistant: Wagner lived the remainder of his life in Pittsburgh, where he was well known as a friendly figure around town.

user: Did he have any hobbies

assistant: Baseball

user: Did he teach others?

assistant: Wagner also coached baseball

user: Was he married>

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: did he have kids

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: did anything significant happen after his career

assistant: He died on December 6, 1955 at the age of 81,

user: What did he die from

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Apply for Retirement Benefits 
Starting your Social Security retirement benefits is a major step on your retirement journey. This page will guide you through the process of applying for retirement benefits when you re ready to take that step. Our online application is a convenient way to apply on your own schedule, without an appointment. You can also apply by phone or by appointment at a Social Security office. 

Ready To Retire? 
Start your application today Apply Online For Retirement Benefits Jump to a topic on this page : Before You Apply / How To Apply / Once You've Applied 

Before You Apply 
Before you apply , take time to review the basics, understand the process, and gather the documents you ll need to complete an application. 

Review Retirement Benefits Basics 
You can start your retirement benefits as early as age 62 or as late as age 70. If you re preparing to apply for retirement benefits, knowing when you re eligible to apply and how the system works are the first steps in choosing what age is right for you. Before you submit an application , go to our Learn About Retirement Benefits page to understand : How you qualify for Social Security benefits. How your earnings and age can affect your benefits. What you should consider in deciding when to start receiving benefits. Retirement benefits for spouses and family members. 

Understand The Application Process 
The retirement benefits application process follows these general steps, whether you apply online, by phone, or in person : Gather the information and documents you need to apply. Complete and submit your application. We review your application and contact you if we need more information. We mail you a decision letter. You start receiving your retirement benefits. 

How Early Can I Apply? 
Apply four months before you want your Social Security retirement benefits to start. If you want your benefits to start at age 62 , you can apply at age 61 and eight months. 

Ready To Start Medicare? 
If you

user: I'm applying for retirement benefits and need to know what information I'll need.

assistant: I can help you with this. The first thing you will need is your social security number.

assistant: Have you began applying for your benefits already?
Fees for a learner permit and driver license 
The fee for your first New York State driver license or permit, or a new license or permit after a revocation, depends on your age when you apply and where you live. The total fee includes the driver license application fee the fee for the type of license see driver license classes [1] for more info the document fees the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District MCTD fee , if you live in the MCTD 

MCTD fee 
Residents of these counties must pay a Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District MCTD fee : Bronx, Kings Brooklyn , New York Manhattan , Queens , Richmond Staten Island , Dutchess , Nassau , Orange , Putnam , Rockland , Suffolk and Westchester. The MCTD fee is $1.00 for every 6 months the permit or driver license will be in effect. 

Fee chart 
The table below shows the total fees you pay. The table does not show fees for a commercial driver licenses CDL the additional $30 fee to get an enhanced driver license EDL instead of a regular driver license fees for a non - driver ID card [2 ] * Includes MCTD * * Part of the Class M and MJ fee supports the Motorcycle Safety Program in New York State. 

Fee to replace a driver license or learner permit 
The fee to replace a driver license or learner permit is $17.50. 

Fee to change information on a driver license or learner permit. 
The fee to change information amend on a driver license or learner permit is $12.50. 

Fee for an Enhanced Driver License (EDL) or Enhanced Permit. 
There is an additional $30.00 fee for an Enhanced Driver License. 

Fee for a motorcycle license 
The fees you pay when you get your first motorcycle license depend on whether or not you currently have another class of New York State driver license and your exact age when you apply. The fees for a Class M or MJ driver license, or to add class M or MJ to your current driver license, can range from $21 to $120. We cannot calculate your exact fee until you apply. 

Can I get a refund of my dri

user: I need help with learner permit fees

assistant: Okay, the fee for your first New York State driver license or permit, or a new license or permit after a revocation, depends on your age when you apply and where you live.  

assistant: Do you live in a Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District ?

user: yes, I live in Queens

user: is there a charge to change something on my permit?

assistant: The fee to change information (amend) on a driver license or learner permit is $12.50.
Título: Gabriel Batistuta
Seção: Fiorentina
Background: Gabriel Omar Batistuta (Spanish pronunciation: [ga'brjel o'mar batis'tuta]; born 1 February 1969), nicknamed Batigol [bati'gol] as well as El Angel Gabriel [el ,aNGxel ga'brjel] (Spanish for Angel Gabriel), is a retired Argentine professional footballer. After beginning his career in Argentina in 1988, where he won titles playing for Newell's Old Boys, River Plate, and subsequently Boca Juniors, the prolific striker played most of his club football with Fiorentina in Italy; he is the twelfth-highest scorer of all-time in the Italian Serie A, with 184 goals in 318 matches. When his club Fiorentina was relegated to Serie B in 1993, Batistuta stayed with the club and helped it return to the top-flight league a year later.

Conteúdo: While playing for Argentina in the 1991 Copa America, the vice-president of Fiorentina was impressed by Batistuta's skills and signed him. He had a fine start in Serie A, scoring 13 goals in his debut season. However, the following season, in 1992-93, Fiorentina lost in the relegation battle and were demoted to Serie B, despite Batistuta's 16 league goals. The club returned to Serie A after one season in Serie B, with the contribution of 16 goals from Batistuta and the management of Claudio Ranieri, as Fiorentina captured the 1993-94 Serie B title.  At Fiorentina, Batistuta found his best form. He was the top scorer of the 1994-95 Serie A season with 26 goals, and he broke Ezio Pascutti's 30-year-old record by scoring in all of the first 11 matches of the season. In the 1995-96 season, Batistuta, alongside Manuel Rui Costa and Francesco Baiano, helped the club to go on a 15-match unbeaten run, as they eventually ended the season with a fourth-place league finish. Fiorentina also won the Coppa Italia and Supercoppa Italiana over Milan; in the two-legged Coppa Italia final against Atalanta, Batistuta scored a goal in each fixture as Fiorentina won 3-0 on aggregate. The next season was less successful, as Fiorentina finished in a disappointing ninth place in the league, although the team managed to reach the semi-finals of the 1996-97 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, losing out to eventual champions Barcelona, despite scoring a goal in a 1-1 away draw in the first leg.  After his failure 

user: How did he earn a spot with Fiorentina?

assistant: While playing for Argentina in the 1991 Copa America, the vice-president of Fiorentina was impressed by Batistuta's skills and signed him.
You must meet certain requirements to qualify for federal student aid (grants, work-study, and loans). 
Let s go over the basic eligibility criteria. 

Basic Eligibility Criteria 
Our basic eligibility requirements are that you must demonstrate financial need for most programs ; be a U.S. citizen or an eligible noncitizen ; have a valid Social Security number with the exception of students from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, or the Republic of Palau ; be registered with Selective Service , if you re a male you must register between the ages of 18 and 25 ; be enrolled or accepted for enrollment as a regular student in an eligible degree or certificate program ; be enrolled at least half - time to be eligible for Direct Loan Program funds ; maintain satisfactory academic progress in college or career school ; sign the certification statement on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid FAFSA form stating that you are not in default on a federal student loan , you do not owe money on a federal student grant , and you will use federal student aid only for educational purposes ; and show you re qualified to obtain a college or career school education by having a high school diploma or a recognized equivalent such as a General Educational Development GED certificate ; completing a high school education in a homeschool setting approved under state law or if state law does not require a homeschooled student to obtain a completion credential completing a high school education in a homeschool setting that qualifies as an exemption from compulsory attendance requirements under state law; or enrolling in an eligible career pathway program and meeting one of the " ability - to - benefit " alternatives described below. Additional eligibility requirements can apply in certain situations including for non - U.S. citizens, students with criminal convictions, and students with intellectual disabilities. Some federal student aid programs hav

user: how do I know I'm cleared to get financial aid?

assistant: I can go over the basic eligibility criteria with you.

user: so what is the criteria?

assistant: Do you have a high school diploma or a GED?

user: I have a diploma

assistant: It shows you are qualified to obtain a college or career school education

user: do I need my social security number to ask for aid?

assistant: Yes, you must have a valid Social Security number