Título: John Marshall
Seção: Adams administration
Background: John Marshall (September 24, 1755 - July 6, 1835) was an American politician and the fourth Chief Justice of the United States (1801-1835). His court opinions helped lay the basis for United States constitutional law and many say he made the Supreme Court of the United States a coequal branch of government along with the legislative and executive branches. Previously, Marshall had been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 1799 to 1800. He was Secretary of State under President John Adams from 1800 to 1801 and, at the age of 45, became the last of the chief justices to be born in Colonial America.

Conteúdo: In 1797, Marshall accepted when President John Adams appointed him to a three-member commission to represent the United States to negotiate with France which, during the midst of its Revolutionary Wars, had seized neutral American merchant vessels. This had prompted the United States to appropriate funds to equip and man three frigates.  The other members of this commission were Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry. However, when the envoys arrived in October 1797, they were kept waiting for several days, and then granted only a 15-minute meeting with French Foreign Minister Talleyrand. After this, the diplomats were met by three of Talleyrand's agents. Each refused to conduct diplomatic negotiations unless the United States paid enormous bribes, one to Talleyrand personally, and another to the Republic of France. The Americans refused to negotiate on such terms. Marshall and Pinckney returned home, while Gerry remained. This diplomatic scandal became known as the XYZ Affair, inflaming anti-French opinion in the United States. Marshall arrived in New York on June 17. His handling of the affair, as well as public resentment toward the French, made him popular with the American public. He opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts, enacted by the Federalists in response to the crisis.  In 1798, Marshall declined a Supreme Court appointment, recommending Bushrod Washington, who would later become one of Marshall's staunchest allies on the Court. In 1799, Marshall reluctantly 

user: what happened during the Adams administration?

assistant: Marshall accepted when President John Adams appointed him to a three-member commission to represent the United States

user: who were the other 2 members?

assistant: Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and Elbridge Gerry.

user: what was the commission in charge of doing?

assistant: to represent the United States to negotiate with France which,

user: what were they negotiating about with France?

assistant: France which, during the midst of its Revolutionary Wars, had seized neutral American merchant vessels.

user: was he a successful negotiator?

assistant: The Americans refused to negotiate on such terms.

user: did he do anything else during the Adams administration?

assistant: Marshall reluctantly ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives.

user: did he win the seat?

assistant: Marshall won the race,

user: how long did he serve as Rep?

assistant: Confirmed by the United States Senate on May 13, Marshall took office on June 6, 1800.