dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Roger Federer
Seção: 2006: Outstanding season
Background: Roger Federer (German pronunciation: ['rodZ@r 'fe:d@r@r]; born 8 August 1981) is a Swiss professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). He is regarded by many fans, players and analysts as the greatest tennis player of all time. Federer has won 20 Grand Slam singles titles--the most in history for a male player--and has held the world No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a record total of 308 weeks, including 237 consecutive weeks. After turning professional in 1998, he was continuously ranked in the top ten from October 2002 to November 2016.

Conteúdo: The 2006 season was statistically the best season of Federer's career. In November 2011, Stephen Tignor, chief editorial writer for Tennis.com, ranked Federer's 2006 season as statistically the second-best season of all time during the Open Era, behind Rod Laver's Grand Slam year of 1969.  Federer won 12 singles titles (the most of any player since John McEnroe in 1984) and had a match record of 92-5 (the most wins since Ivan Lendl in 1982). Federer reached the finals in an astounding 16 of the 17 tournaments he entered during the season.  In 2006, Federer won three Grand Slam singles titles and reached the final of the other, with the only loss coming against Nadal in the French Open. This was Federer and Nadal's first meeting in a Grand Slam final. He was the first man to reach all four finals in a calendar year since Rod Laver in 1969. Federer defeated Nadal in the Wimbledon Championships final. In the Australian Open, Federer defeated Marcos Baghdatis, and at the US Open, Federer defeated Roddick (2003 champion). In addition, Federer made it to six ATP Masters Series 1000 finals, winning four on hard surfaces and losing two on clay to Nadal. Federer, however, consistently pushed Nadal to the limit on clay throughout the season taking him to fourth-set tiebreakers in Monte-Carlo and Paris, and a thrilling match in Rome that went to a deciding fifth-set tiebreaker.  Federer won one ATP 500 series event in Tokyo and captured the year-end championships for the third time in h

user: Why was the 2006 season an outstanding year?

assistant: The 2006 season was statistically the best season of Federer's career.

user: what were some of his statistics?

assistant: Federer won 12 singles titles (the most of any player since John McEnroe in 1984) and had a match record of 92-5 (the most wins since Ivan Lendl in 1982).
Título: Dwight Howard
Seção: Player profile
Background: Howard was born in Atlanta, to Dwight Sr. and Sheryl Howard, and into a family with strong athletic connections. His father is a Georgia State Trooper and serves as Athletic Director of Southwest Atlanta Christian Academy, a private academy with one of the best high school basketball programs in the country, while his mother played on the inaugural women's basketball team at Morris Brown College. Howard's mother had seven miscarriages before he was born. A devout Christian since his youth, Howard became serious about basketball around the age of nine; when in the eighth grade, he resolved to be selected as the number one pick in the NBA Draft one day.

Conteúdo: Standing at 6 feet 11 inches tall (2.11 m) and weighing 265 pounds (120 kg), Howard plays the center position. Howard led the NBA in rebounding from 2007 to 2010, and again from 2012 to 2013. Howard's rebounding is in part facilitated by his extraordinary athleticism; his running vertical leap was tested at 39.5 inches in 2011, rare for a player of his size. He demonstrated this skill in the 2007 Slam Dunk Contest, where he completed an alley oop dunk from teammate Jameer Nelson while slapping a sticker onto the backboard at 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) high. The sticker showed an image of his own smiling face with a handwritten "All things through Christ Phil: 4:13", a paraphrase of Philippians 4:13. Howard's leaping reach of 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) is the highest documented in NBA history, 1 inch (2.5 cm) higher than Shaquille O'Neal's previous record of 12 ft 5 in (3.78 m). As of April 2013, Howard's career average of 12.9 rebounds per game (in the regular season) ranked 12th in NBA history.  Howard's abilities and powerful physique have drawn attention from fellow NBA All-Stars. Tim Duncan once remarked in 2007: "[Howard] is so developed... He has so much promise and I am glad that I will be out of the league when he is peaking." Kevin Garnett echoed those sentiments: "[Howard] is a freak of nature, man... I was nowhere near that physically talented. I wasn't that gifted, as far as body and physical presence." Subsequent to a game in the 2009 NBA Playoffs, Philadelphia 76ers swingman 

user: What was his most impressive stat?

assistant: Howard's leaping reach of 12 ft 6 in (3.81 m) is the highest documented in NBA history, 1 inch (2.5 cm) higher than Shaquille O'Neal's previous

user: Did he hold any records?

assistant: 2013, Howard's career average of 12.9 rebounds per game (in the regular season) ranked 12th in NBA history.

user: What was his most unimpressive stat?

assistant: Like many centers, he has a low free throw conversion percentage.

user: DId he have any injuries?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Was there any bad seasons that affect his stats?

assistant: During the 2007-08 regular season,

user: What happened during that season

assistant: Howard led the NBA with 897 free throw attempts while shooting only 59% from the free throw line. Also

user: Was there another stat listed?

assistant: Also in that season, outside of layups and dunks, his shooting percentage was only 31.6%.
Título: The Midnight Express (professional wrestling)
Seção: The Midnight Express in NWA (1989-1990)
Background: The Midnight Express was a professional wrestling tag team of changing members, mostly under the management of Jim Cornette. The group started in the early 1980s with Dennis Condrey and Randy Rose (and originally Norvell Austin). The late 1980s saw a new incarnation, consisting of Bobby Eaton and Stan Lane, compete in JCP and WCW and shortly feuding with "The Original Midnight Express" of Condrey and Rose. In the 1990s, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) combined Bob Holly and Bart Gunn as "The New Midnight Express".

Conteúdo: Due to various differences over the direction of the Midnight Express, Cornette, Lane and Eaton also left JCP for a short while, around the time that Ted Turner bought out Jim Crockett and began promoting the federation under the name World Championship Wrestling (WCW). When the issues were resolved, Cornette and the Midnight Express returned to the promotion. In the tournament to determine new World tag team champions, the Midnight Express advanced to the finals before losing to the Freebirds with some assistance from the Samoan Swat Team. They engaged in a feud with the Freebirds and Samoans until the 1989 Great American Bash, where they teamed up with the Road Warriors and Dr. Death Steve Williams to defeat the Freebirds and Samoans in a War Games match.  The Midnight Express soon turned heel as a result of a feud with the Dynamic Dudes (Johnny Ace & Shane Douglas). Jim Cornette duped the Dudes into thinking he wanted to be their manager but then turned on them during their match against the Midnight Express at Clash of the Champions IX in New York. The Dynamic Dudes gained a measure of revenge when the Midnight Express laid out an open challenge for any team for $10,000. After dispatching of a couple of no-name teams, the Express was challenged by the masked Dynamic Duo, billed from Gotham City, who pinned the Express and unmasked as Ace and Douglas. The feud soon lost steam and was forgotten soon after.  After returning to their cheating ways, the Midnight Express starte

user: Did anybody leave the team?

assistant: Due to various differences over the direction of the Midnight Express, Cornette, Lane and Eaton also left JCP for a short while,

user: Did they ever make it to the finals?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Who were their rivals?

assistant: where they teamed up with the Road Warriors and Dr. Death Steve Williams to defeat the Freebirds and Samoans in a War Games match.

user: Who was their manager?

assistant: Jim Cornette duped the Dudes into thinking he wanted to be their manager but then turned on them during their match against the Midnight Express

user: Did anybody leave the federation?

assistant: the Midnight Express split up when Jim Cornette and Stan Lane left the federation.
Renew a business license or registration[1] 


IMPORTANT NOTE FOR DEALERS RENEWING ONLINE: 
Please read the details regarding the new surety bond legislation at: https://dmv.ny.gov/dealers/dealer-surety-bond [2]. 

Renew online 
To renew online , you must have the Facility Number from your Business Certificate see a sample [3 ] Validation Number from your Business Certificate see a sample [3 ] Federal Employer ID Number Social Security Number of the owner, partner or officer Business telephone number and email address Renew a business license or registration online [4 ] 

Recent change of address 
You cannot renew online if the address of the facility has changed and you did not amend the address of the facility. Complete these forms with your new facility address and send them to the DMV Request for Business Amendment / Duplicate Certificate pdf [5] MV-253 G Statement of Ownership and/or Permission to Use Place of Business pdf [6] VS-19 

Owner, partner or officer of the company was convicted of a felony or misdemeanor of forfeited bail 
If an owner, partner or officer of the company that owns or operates the facility has a felony or misdemeanor conviction or forfeit since the last facility certificate renewal , complete the Facility Renewal Application VS-2 and a Statement of Ownership and/or Permission to Use Place of Business pdf [6] VS-19 send it to us by mail. 

Renew by mail 
We will send you a Facility Renewal Application VS-2. Complete the application and send it with a check for your renewal fee to NYS DMV Bureau of Consumer & Facility Services Application Unit P.O. Box 2700 Albany , NY 12220 - 0700 If you don t receive your application , call the Office of Vehicle Safety and Clean Air at 1 - 518 - 474 - 0919. 

Additional information 


License period 
All business registrations and Inspection Station licenses are valid for 2 years. 

Early renewal 
You can renew if the facility certificate Inspection Station license will expire within the next 60 days.

user: Hello I need information about how to renew a business license or registration

assistant: Are you an ONLINE RENEWING DISTRIBUTOR?

user: Yes

assistant: it is important that you read the details about the new bail legislation at: https://dmv.ny.gov/dealers/dealer-surety-bond

user: can I renew online?

assistant: To renew online, you must have the
    Installation number of your Commercial Certificate see a sample
   Validation number of your Commercial Certificate see a sample

user: and can i renew by mail?

assistant: of course We will send you a VS-2 Installation Renewal Request. Complete the application and send it with a check for your renewal fee

assistant: Did you already receive the request?

user: do not

user: What happens in the event that the owner, partner or official of the company was found guilty of a felony or misdemeanor?

assistant: If a company owner, partner or officer who owns or operates the facility has a felony or misdemeanor conviction or is lost since the last renewal of the facility certificate
Título: Stewart Granger
Seção: Rank Organisation 1947-49
Background: He was born James Lablache Stewart in Old Brompton Road, Kensington, West London, the only son of Major James Stewart, OBE and his wife Frederica Eliza (nee Lablache). Granger was educated at Epsom College and the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art. He was the great-great-grandson of the opera singer Luigi Lablache and the grandson of the actor Luigi Lablache. When he became an actor, he was advised to change his name in order to avoid being confused with the American actor James Stewart.

Conteúdo: Granger went over to Rank, for whom he made a series of historical dramas: Captain Boycott (1947), set in Ireland, directed by Frank Launder; Blanche Fury (1948), with Valerie Hobson; and Saraband for Dead Lovers (1948), an Ealing Studios production. Granger was cast as the outsider, the handsome gambler Philip Christoph von Konigsmarck who is perceived as 'not quite the ticket' by the established order, the Hanoverian court where the action is mostly set. Granger stated that this was one of his few films of which he was proud. However it was a disappointment at the box office, as was Blanche Fury.  Granger wanted a change of pace and so appeared in Woman Hater (1948), a comedy with Edwige Feuillere. In 1949 Granger was reported as earning around PS30,000 a year.  That year Granger made Adam and Evelyne, starring with Jean Simmons. The story, about a much older man and a teenager whom he gradually realises is no longer a child but a young woman with mature emotions and sexuality, had obvious parallels to Granger's and Simmons' own lives. Granger had first met the very young Jean Simmons when they both worked on Gabriel Pascal's Caesar and Cleopatra (1945). Three years on, Simmons had transformed from a promising newcomer into a star - and a very attractive young woman. They married the following year in a bizarre wedding ceremony organised by Howard Hughes - one of his private aircraft flew the couple to Tucson, Arizona, where they were married, mainly among strangers, with M

user: What was his most famous work from this period

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What was one of his movies during this time?

assistant: Captain Boycott (1947), set in Ireland, directed by Frank Launder;

user: Who did he star in Captain Boycott with?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Where there any other movies?

assistant: Blanche Fury (1948), with Valerie Hobson; and Saraband for Dead Lovers (1948),
Título: Ken Strong
Seção: New York Giants
Background: Elmer Kenneth Strong (April 21, 1906 - October 5, 1979) was an American football halfback and fullback who also played minor league baseball. Considered one of the greatest all-around players in the early decades of the game, he was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1957 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1967 and was named to the NFL 1930s All-Decade Team. A native of West Haven, Connecticut, Strong played college baseball and football for the NYU Violets. In football, he led the country in scoring with 162 points in 1928, gained over 3,000 yards from scrimmage, and was a consensus first-team selection on the 1928 College Football All-America Team.

Conteúdo: In 1933, Strong signed with the New York Giants. The 1932 Giants had compiled a 4-6-2 record, but the 1933 Giants, with Strong at fullback and Harry Newman at quarterback, improved to 11-3 and advanced to the 1933 NFL Championship Game. Strong led the NFL with 64 points in 1933; his points were scored on three rushing touchdowns, two receiving touchdowns, a touchdown on an interception return, five field goals, and 13 extra points. On November 26, 1933, he became the first known player in NFL history to score on a fair catch kick. The 30-yard kick was made at the Polo Grounds in a win against the Green Bay Packers. After the 1933 season, Strong received first-team All-Pro honors from the United Press, Collyer's Eye, and the Green Bay Press-Gazette.  In 1934, Strong again played in every game for the Giants as a fullback. He rushed for 431 yards and scored 56 points (six rushing touchdowns, four field goals, and eight extra points) in the regular season. His greatest fame derives from his role in the Giants' comeback victory over the Chicago Bears in the 1934 NFL Championship Game; Strong scored 17 points for the Giants on a 38-yard field goal, two fourth-quarter touchdowns on runs of 42 and 8 yards, and two extra points. Strong received first-team All-Pro honors in 1934 from the NFL and others.  In 1935, Strong helped lead the Giants to their third consecutive NFL Championship Game. In a 10-7 victory over the Brooklyn Dodgers, he was only able to play a few minutes due to inj

user: When did Ken sign with the New York Giants?

assistant: 1933,
For information on how to change your address on DMV documents and records , see change address [1]. To change your email address , use the email reminders service [2]. 

Driver license, permit or non-driver ID 
You must visit your local DMV office [3] and bring proof of the change. 

If you plan on traveling 
We recommend you come to the DMV now to get an Enhanced or REAL ID, and avoid a second office visit later. 1 Learn about Enhanced, REAL ID and Standard documents [4]. Complete this guide to make sure you have to correct proofs of identification you need. Also bring any additional information needed for your specific change listed below. Find your proofs [5 ] 

Change name 
To update a legal change of name on DMV records , bring these items to DMV office [3 ] a completed Application for Permit , Driver License or Non - Driver ID Card PDF [6] MV-44 your current license , permit or non - driver ID , or at least 6 points of proof of identity and [7 ] original or a certified copy of your U.S. marriage certificate, U.S. divorce documents or other court papers for a change of name issued in the U.S. 2 When you change your name on your driver license, permit or non - driver ID , you must update your photo. 

Change date of birth 
If your date of birth is not correct , bring proof of age as listed on proofs of identity and date of birth for NY State driver license, learner permit or non - driver ID [7]. 

Change gender 
If you had a gender change or you are transgender , bring a completed Application for Permit , Driver License or Non - Driver ID Card PDF [6] MV-44 your current learner permit , driver license or non - driver ID proof of a gender change 3 

Correct an error 
If we made an error on your document , use the Ask DMV a Question [8] service to request a correction. We may be able to correct it without you coming to a DMV office. There is no fee for a correction. 

Change photo 
You must go to a DMV office. When you renew there is no additional fee to update y

user: Hi! I'm in a commercial process with a vehicle, I have some doubts about the registration process.

assistant: O.k., no problem. Are you looking information about how to change the legal name of the owner of the vehicle?

user: Yes, that's correct.

assistant: In this case you wish to update the name your legal name?
Título: Bobby Darin
Seção: Acting career
Background: Bobby Darin (born Walden Robert Cassotto; May 14, 1936 - December 20, 1973) was an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and actor in film and television. He performed jazz, pop, rock and roll, folk, swing, and country music. He started his career as a songwriter for Connie Francis.

Conteúdo: In the fall of 1959, Darin played "Honeyboy Jones" in an early episode of Jackie Cooper's CBS military sitcom/drama, Hennesey set in San Diego, California. In 1960, he appeared twice as himself in NBC's short-lived crime drama Dan Raven, starring Skip Homeier and set on the Sunset Strip of West Hollywood. In the same year, he was the only actor ever to have been signed to five major Hollywood film studios. He wrote music for several films in which he appeared.  His first major film, Come September (1961), was a teenager-oriented romantic comedy with Rock Hudson and Gina Lollobrigida and featuring 18-year-old actress Sandra Dee. They first met during the production of the film, fell in love, and got married soon afterwards. Dee gave birth to a son, Dodd Mitchell Darin (also known as Morgan Mitchell) on December 16, 1961. Dee and Darin made a few films together with moderate success. They divorced in 1967.  In 1961 he starred in Too Late Blues, John Cassavetes' first film for a major Hollywood studio, as a struggling jazz musician. Writing in 2012, Los Angeles Times critic Dennis Lim observed that Darin was "a surprise in his first nonsinging role, willing to appear both arrogant and weak."  In 1962, Darin won the Golden Globe Award for "New Star of the Year - Actor" for his role in Come September. The following year he was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for "Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture - Drama" (Best actor) in Pressure Point.  In 1963, he was nominat

user: What was Bobby Darin's first acting stint?

assistant: In the fall of 1959, Darin played "Honeyboy Jones" in an early episode of Jackie Cooper's CBS military sitcom/drama,

user: Did he do any other episodes of that series?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: How was his acting received?

assistant: a surprise in his first nonsinging role, willing to appear both arrogant and weak."

user: What other shows did he act in?

assistant: Come September (1961

user: Did he ever win any acting awards?

assistant: French Film Critics Award for best actor.
Título: R. Kelly
Seção: 2004-05: Happy People/U Saved Me and TP.3 Reloaded
Background: Robert Sylvester Kelly was born on January 8, 1967 at Chicago Lying-in Hospital in Hyde Park, Chicago. Kelly is the third of four children. Kelly's single mother, Joanne, was a singer. She raised her children Baptist.

Conteúdo: In 2004, Kelly released the ambitious two-disc set Happy People/U Saved Me, with the first disc including feel-good, stepping-inspired tracks, while focusing on gospel and inspirational material on the second disc. That same year, Kelly performed The Star-Spangled Banner during the introduction of the world championship boxing fight between Bernard Hopkins and Jermain Taylor. His performance, which included a line of dancers doing the "stepping" routine and a prerecorded instrumental track set to the sound of "Happy People" was met with a mixed reaction. In October 2004, Kelly reunited with Jay-Z to do a follow-up to their Best of Both Worlds album shortly after announcing a tour to coincide with the project after the duo performed at Madison Square Garden a year before. The duo's Unfinished Business album was released and peaked at number one on the Billboard chart.  The Unfinished Business tour was plagued by a rivalry between the two stars and Kelly reportedly showing up late or not at all to gigs. The singer, according to Jay-Z, often complained that the touring lights were not directed towards him and often left during the middle of sets. Another night during the concert, Kelly stayed on his tour bus for two hours before finally coming out to perform an uninspired set. Jay-Z eventually removed R. Kelly halfway through the tour, after a member of Jay-Z's entourage attacked R. Kelly with Mace or pepper spray. On April 25, 2006, it was confirmed that Jay-Z's younger cousin,

user: What is Happy People/U Saved Me?

assistant: In 2004, Kelly released the ambitious two-disc set Happy People/U Saved Me,

user: How did the album do on the charts?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Were there singles from this album?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did it get good reviews?

assistant: His performance, which included a line of dancers doing the "stepping" routine and a prerecorded instrumental track set to the sound of "Happy People" was met with a mixed reaction.
Exchange your out-of-state driver license[1] 
You must exchange your - out - state driver license from another U.S. state or territory, federal district or Canadian province within 30 days of becoming a resident of New York. Your out - of - state license must have your photograph be valid or expired less than 24 months have been issued at least 6 months before you apply for a New York license unless it is commercial driver license that has been valid for any amount of time 2 You cannot exchange your license if it is suspended or revoked 3 lost or stolen 4 a hardship or an " employment only driver license " 5 marked " non - renewable " or " non - transferable " 6 Your New York license will be valid for 5 years. 

At the DMV 
This transaction can only be processed in person, at a DMV office. You will need to pass a vision test at the DMV or bring a completed Eye Test Report PDF [2] MV-619 surrender your out - of - state license, unless it is lost or stolen bring proof of identity Complete this guide to make sure you have the documents and proofs of identity you need. Find your proofs [3 ] We will give you a temporary non - photo license document. Allow 2 weeks for your new license to arrive in the mail. For quicker service , make a reservation online before visiting offices in New York City, Westchester, Nassau, Suffolk, Rockland, Onondaga, Monroe or Albany Counties. For all other counties , see our office locations and hours [4]. Make a Reservation [5 ] * Residents of these counties must pay the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District MCTD fee $10 : Bronx, Kings Brooklyn , New York Manhattan , Queens , Richmond Staten Island , Dutchess , Nassau , Orange , Putnam , Rockland , Suffolk and Westchester. Enhanced documents have an additional $30.00 fee. We accept cash most credit, pinless debit or prepaid cards American Express, Discover Card / Novus, MasterCard, VISA a personal check or a money order payable to 

Additional information 


I am studying in New Yor

user: I just moved here from another state, so to get a new license, how long do I have?

assistant: You must exchange your driver license from another U.S. state or territory, federal district or Canadian province within 30 days of becoming a  New York state resident.
Título: Zhang Heng
Seção: Odometer and south-pointing chariot
Background: Zhang Heng (Chinese: Zhang Heng ; AD 78-139), formerly romanized as Chang Heng, was a Han Chinese polymath from Nanyang who lived during the Han dynasty. Educated in the capital cities of Luoyang and Chang'an, he achieved success as an astronomer, mathematician, scientist, engineer, inventor, geographer, cartographer, artist, poet, statesman, and literary scholar. Zhang Heng began his career as a minor civil servant in Nanyang. Eventually, he became Chief Astronomer, Prefect of the Majors for Official Carriages, and then Palace Attendant at the imperial court.

Conteúdo: Zhang Heng is often credited with inventing the first odometer, an achievement also attributed to Archimedes (c. 287-212 BC) and Heron of Alexandria (fl. AD 10-70). Similar devices were used by the Roman and Han-Chinese empires at about the same period. By the 3rd century, the Chinese had termed the device the ji li gu che, or "li-recording drum carriage" (the modern measurement of li = 500 m/1640 ft).  Ancient Chinese texts describe the mechanical carriage's functions; after one li was traversed, a mechanically driven wooden figure struck a drum, and after ten li had been covered, another wooden figure struck a gong or a bell with its mechanically operated arm. However, there is evidence to suggest that the invention of the odometer was a gradual process in Han Dynasty China that centered on the "huang men"--court people (i.e. eunuchs, palace officials, attendants and familiars, actors, acrobats, etc.) who followed the musical procession of the royal "drum-chariot". There is speculation that at some time during the 1st century BC the beating of drums and gongs was mechanically driven by the rotation of the road wheels. This might have actually been the design of Luoxia Hong (c. 110 BC), yet by at least 125 the mechanical odometer carriage was already known, as it was depicted in a mural of the Xiao Tang Shan Tomb.  The south-pointing chariot was another mechanical device credited to Zhang Heng. It was a non-magnetic compass vehicle in the form of a two-wheeled chariot. Diffe

user: What is the south-point chariot?

assistant: The south-pointing chariot was another mechanical device credited to Zhang Heng.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: It was a non-magnetic compass vehicle in the form of a two-wheeled chariot.

user: When was it created?

assistant: 125

user: Did any one aid him on its construction?

assistant: Whether Zhang Heng invented it or not, Ma Jun (200-265) succeeded in creating the chariot in the following century.

user: Was there anything else he created?

assistant: inventing the first odometer,
Título: George Washington
Seção: Surveyor
Background: George Washington (February 22, 1732 - December 14, 1799) was an American statesman and soldier who served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, and later presided over the 1787 convention that drafted the United States Constitution. As a driving force behind the nation's establishment he came to be known as the "father of the country," both during his lifetime and to this day. Washington was born into the provincial gentry of Colonial Virginia to a family of wealthy planters who owned tobacco plantations and slaves, which he inherited.

Conteúdo: Washington's introduction to surveying began at an early age through school exercises that taught him the basics of the profession, followed by practical experience in the field. His first experiences at surveying occurred in the territory surrounding Mount Vernon. His first opportunity as a surveyor occurred in 1748 when he was invited to join a survey party organized by his neighbor and friend George Fairfax of Belvoir. Fairfax organized a professional surveying party to lay out large tracts of land along the border of western Virginia, where Washington gained invaluable experience in the field.  Washington began his professional career in 1749 at the age of 17, when he was appointed county surveyor of Culpeper County, Virginia. He subsequently received a commission and surveyor's license from the College of William & Mary. He completed his first survey in less than two days, plotting a 400-acre parcel of land. He was subsequently able to purchase land in the Shenandoah Valley, the first of his many land acquisitions in western Virginia.  For the next four years, Washington worked surveying land in Western Virginia for the Ohio Company, a land investment company funded by Virginia investors. He came to the notice of the new lieutenant governor of Virginia Robert Dinwiddie, thanks to Lawrence's position as commander of the Virginia militia. In October 1750, Washington resigned his position as an official surveyor, though he continued to survey professionally for two more yea

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Washington's introduction to surveying began at an early age through school exercises that taught him the basics of the profession, followed by practical experience in the field.

user: What was his first job?

assistant: His first opportunity as a surveyor occurred in 1748 when he was invited to join a survey party organized by his neighbor and friend
Título: Rem Koolhaas
Seção: European Flag proposal
Background: Remment Lucas "Rem" Koolhaas (Dutch pronunciation: [rem ko:lha:s]; born 17 November 1944) is a Dutch architect, architectural theorist, urbanist and Professor in Practice of Architecture and Urban Design at the Graduate School of Design at Harvard University. Koolhaas studied at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London and at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Koolhaas is the founding partner of OMA, and of its research-oriented counterpart AMO based in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. In 2005, he co-founded Volume Magazine together with Mark Wigley and Ole Bouman.

Conteúdo: Following the signing of Treaties of Nice in May 2001, which made Brussels the de facto capital of the European Union, the then President of the European Commission, Romano Prodi and the Belgian Prime Minister Guy Verhofstadt invited Koolhaas to discuss the necessities and requirements of a European capital.  During these talks and as an impetus for further discussion, Koolhaas and his think-tank AMO - an independent part of OMA - suggested the development of a visual language. This idea inspired a series of drawings and drafts, including the "Barcode". The barcode seeks to unite the flags of the EU member countries into a single, colourful symbol. In the current European flag, there is a fixed number of stars. In the barcode however, new Member States of the EU can be added without space constraints. Originally, the barcode displayed 15 EU countries. In 2004, the symbol was adapted to include the ten new Member States.  Since the time of the first drafts of the barcode it has very rarely been officially used by commercial or political institutions. During the Austrian EU Presidency 2006, it was officially used for the first time. The logo was used for the EU information campaign, but was very negatively criticized. In addition to the initial uproar caused by the Estonian flag stripes being displayed incorrectly, the proposed flag failed to achieve its main objective as a symbol. Critics pointed the lack of capability to relate the signified (the mental concept, the European 

user: What was the proposal?

assistant: Koolhaas and his think-tank AMO - an independent part of OMA - suggested the development of a visual language.

user: What is AMO?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: How would the development work?

assistant: This idea inspired a series of drawings and drafts, including the "Barcode". The barcode seeks to unite the flags of the EU member countries into a single, colourful symbol.

user: Was there any other drawings or series included?

assistant: Originally, the barcode displayed 15 EU countries. In 2004, the symbol was adapted to include the ten new Member States.

user: Is there anything else of importance in this article?

assistant: The logo was used for the EU information campaign, but was very negatively criticized.

user: Why was it negatively criticized?

assistant: Critics pointed the lack of capability to relate the signified (the mental concept, the European Union) with the signifier (the physical image, the stripes) as the major problem,
Título: Thalía
Seção: 1990-1993: First albums as a solo artist
Background: Thalia was born on 26 August 1971, in Mexico City, Mexico. She is the youngest of five daughters of Yolanda Miranda Mange (d. 2011), a painter who was Thalia's manager from 1980 to 1999; and Ernesto Sodi Pallares (d. 1977), a scientist, doctor of pathology, criminologist, and writer. Her four sisters are Laura Zapata (daughter of Guillermo Zapata Perez de Utrera), Federica, Gabriela, and Ernestina Sodi. When she turned one, Thalia appeared in her first TV commercial in Mexico.

Conteúdo: In 1990, Thalia returned to Mexico and released her first studio album as a solo artist, self-titled Thalia, which was produced by Alfredo Diaz Ordaz, and published by Fonovisa, Televisa's record label. From that album, she released a total of four singles that became huge radio hits : "Amarillo Azul", "Pienso en Ti", "Un Pacto Entre Los Dos" and "Saliva". The last two tracks were co-written by her and Diaz Ordaz and they were considered as provocative at the time ("Un Pacto Entre Los Dos" was even labeled as a song with occult Satan-worship lyrics by various far-right parties).  In September 1991, Thalia released her second studio album, Mundo de cristal, which marks Thalia's last project in collaboration with Alfredo Diaz Ordaz. Four songs became radio singles from the album, and all of them had big radio impact in Mexico. Due to the success of the singles, the album was certified as double gold in Thalia's native country, Mexico. In the same year, Thalia was co-presenter of the late Spanish show VIP Noche, along with Spanish presenter Emilio Aragon, produced by Telecinco.  In October 1992, she released her third studio album and her last under the same label, entitled Love, which was recorded in Spain and it was produced by Luis Carlos Esteban. The album spread six singles, that had huge radio impact: "Sangre", "Love", "No Trates de Enganarme", "Flor de Juventud", "Maria Mercedes" (official theme of the TV series), and "La Vida en Rosa" (La vie en rose), the last one being

user: What was her first album as a solo artist?

assistant: Amarillo Azul

user: What singles were on this album?

assistant: ", "Pienso en Ti",
Título: Béla Fleck and the Flecktones
Seção: Recording
Background: Bela Fleck and the Flecktones is an American band that combines jazz and bluegrass music. The band's name is a play on 1960s rock band Dick Dale and the Del-Tones. The Flecktones formed in 1988 when Bela Fleck was invited to perform on the PBS TV series The Lonesome Pine Specials. The original members were Fleck on banjo, Victor Wooten on bass guitar, his brother Roy Wooten on Drumitar, and Howard Levy on harmonica and keyboards.

Conteúdo: Their debut album, Bela Fleck and the Flecktones (Warner Bros, 1989), received a Grammy nomination for Best Contemporary Jazz Album, as did their second album, Flight of the Cosmic Hippo (Warner Bros., 1991), which also received a nomination for Best Instrumental Composition for the song "Blu-Blop". Their second album contained the Flecktones's version of "The Star Spangled Banner". Their next album had another cartoon cover and the palindromic title UFO TOFU (Warner Bros., 1992). The song "Bonnie & Slyde" had Fleck playing banjo atypically with a slide, an idea suggested to him by slide guitarist Bonnie Raitt.  UFO Tofu would be the last album the Flecktones recorded with their original lineup until Rocket Science in 2011. Howard Levy left the band in December 1992. While the departure of Levy was tough for the band, it was not unexpected. During their 1992 tour it became evident to the band that Levy was not happy with the rigors of touring and wanted to spend more time with his wife and children.  The remaining trio, consisting of Fleck and the Wooten brothers, recorded their fourth album, Three Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. "'Once we started rehearsing, everything was fine,' said Fleck. 'We started finding ways to sound good, and it was real exciting.'" Without Levy, the Flecktones as usual spent most of 1993 on the road and released Three Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest in September of that year.  In July 1996 the Flecktones released their fifth album, and first live album, L

user: Are there any famous songs the Flecktones have recorded?

assistant: "Sinister Minister".

user: Are there any other songs they recorded that played on the radio?

assistant: the song "Blu-Blop".
Título: Harold Innis
Seção: Fur trade in Canada
Background: Harold Adams Innis (; November 5, 1894 - November 8, 1952) was a Canadian professor of political economy at the University of Toronto and the author of seminal works on media, communication theory, and Canadian economic history. Despite his dense and difficult prose, Innis was one of Canada's most original thinkers. He helped develop the staples thesis, which holds that Canada's culture, political history, and economy have been decisively influenced by the exploitation and export of a series of "staples" such as fur, fishing, lumber, wheat, mined metals, and coal.

Conteúdo: Harold Innis's interest in the relationship between empires and colonies was developed in his classic study, The Fur Trade in Canada: An Introduction to Canadian Economic History (1930). The book chronicles the trade in beaver fur from the early 16th century to the 1920s. Instead of focusing on the "heroic" European adventurers who explored the Canadian wilderness as conventional histories had done, Innis documents how the interplay of geography, technology and economic forces shaped both the fur trade and Canada's political and economic destiny. He argues that the fur trade largely determined Canada's boundaries, coming to the conclusion that the country "emerged not in spite of geography but because of it".  In line with this observation, Innis notably proposes that European settlement of the Saint Laurence river valley followed the economic and social patterns of indigenous peoples, making for a Canadian historical and cultural continuity that pre-dates and post-dates European settlement. Unlike many historians who see Canadian history as beginning with the arrival of Europeans, Innis emphasizes the cultural and economic contributions of First Nations peoples. "We have not yet realized," he writes, "that the Indian and his culture was fundamental to the growth of Canadian institutions." This Innisian perspective on the development of Canadian political, economic and social institutions was an early form of neo-institutionalism which become a accepted part of the Canadian p

user: What is significant about the fur trade in Canada?

assistant: Harold Innis's interest in the relationship between empires and colonies was developed in his classic study, The Fur Trade in Canada:
Título: Bobby Orr
Seção: Retirement
Background: Robert Gordon Orr, OC (born March 20, 1948) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player, widely acknowledged as one of the greatest hockey players of all time. Orr used his ice skating speed, scoring, and play-making abilities to revolutionize the position of defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for 12 seasons, starting with 10 with the Boston Bruins followed by two with the Chicago Black Hawks. Orr remains the only defenceman to have won the league scoring title with two Art Ross Trophies.

Conteúdo: Orr signed with Chicago, but his injuries limited him to only 26 games over the next three seasons. He sat out the entire 1977-78 season. By 1978, Orr had undergone over a dozen knee surgeries, was having trouble walking and barely skated anymore. However, in the summer of 1978, he decided to make a comeback. He played six games of the 1978-79 season and came to the conclusion that he could no longer play and informed the Black Hawks that he was retiring. He started a new role as an assistant to Chicago general manager Bob Pulford. He scored his last NHL goal and point against Detroit on October 28, 1978, at Detroit's Olympia Stadium.  Orr retired having scored 270 goals and 645 assists for 915 points in 657 games, adding 953 penalty minutes. At the time of his retirement, he was the leading defenceman in league history in goals, assists and points, tenth overall in assists and 19th in points. As of 2013, the only retired players in league history to have averaged more points per game than Orr are Wayne Gretzky, Mario Lemieux and Mike Bossy, all of them forwards. "Losing Bobby", said Gordie Howe, "was the greatest blow the National Hockey League has ever suffered".  The Hockey Hall of Fame waived the normal three-year waiting period for induction into the Hall and he was enshrined at age 31 - the youngest player living at the time of his induction in history. Orr was the eighth player to have the three-year period waived, the next two being Mario Lemieux (1997) and Wayne Gret

user: What year did he retire?

assistant: 1978,

user: What was he doing for work at time of retirement?

assistant: Orr signed with Chicago,

user: What was he doing with Chicago?

assistant: He played six games of the 1978-79 season and came to the conclusion that he could no longer play and informed the Black Hawks that he was retiring.

user: Why could he no longer play?

assistant: By 1978, Orr had undergone over a dozen knee surgeries, was having trouble walking and barely skated anymore.

user: How did they respond to his announcement?

assistant: "Losing Bobby", said Gordie Howe, "was the greatest blow the National Hockey League has ever suffered".
Título: The Cardigans
Seção: Back to spotlight and hiatus: 2002-2006
Background: The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jonkoping, Sweden, in 1992, by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson, with the line-up remaining unchanged to this day. Their debut album Emmerdale (1994) gave them a solid base in their home country and enjoyed some success abroad, especially in Japan. It was not until their second album Life (1995) that an international reputation was secured. Their popularity rose when their single "Lovefool", from the album First Band on the Moon (1996), was included in the soundtrack to the 1996 film Romeo + Juliet.

Conteúdo: The Cardigans returned in 2002 to record Long Gone Before Daylight (2003), a collection of songs mainly written by Persson and Svensson. Long Gone Before Daylight became one of the best selling albums in Sweden in 2003. After a two-year hiatus from their last album, it was released in Japan on March 19, 2003 and in Europe on March 24, 2003. Later it was also released in Canada (April 22, 2003) and the United States (May 25, 2004).  The album differs from the band's earlier works. Their familiar "happy" pop sound takes on a change to pop songs with more of an American country music influence. It is a much darker album than their previous works, and quieter than Gran Turismo. Indeed, even lead singer Nina Persson dyed her once light blonde hair to jet black, reflecting the band's change of mood. The album was produced by Per Sunding after the group's regular producer Tore Johanssen stepped down, feeling himself unable to provide the country sound the group wanted.  Criticism was generally mixed to positive. Some found the change of direction welcome, and felt the band had matured, making songs that were even better than other experienced country-pop styled artists. Others missed the old pop sound, and accused the band of possibly being ashamed of their former "happy" pop sound. The first single of the album, "For What It's Worth" was released on February 17, 2003. The second single was "You're the Storm" released on June 2, 2003. The third and final single was "Live and Learn" 

user: Why did the group take a hiatus?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What happened in 2002?

assistant: The Cardigans returned in 2002 to record Long Gone Before Daylight
Título: Fairport Convention
Seção: 1998--present
Background: Fairport Convention are a British folk rock band. Formed in 1967, they are widely regarded as a key group in the English folk rock movement. Their seminal album Liege & Lief is considered to have launched the British folk rock movement, which provided a distinctively English identity to rock music and helped awaken much wider interest in traditional music in general. The band have drawn heavily on the Child Ballads, songs of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century.

Conteúdo: In 1998, Dave Mattacks moved to the USA and Gerry Conway took over on drums and percussion. Fairport produced two more studio albums for Woodworm Records: The Wood and the Wire (2000) and XXXV (2002). Then for Over the Next Hill (2004) they established a new label: Matty Grooves Records. In this period the band toured extensively in the UK, Europe, Australasia, Europe, the USA and Canada, and staged a major fund raiser for Dave Swarbrick at the Birmingham Symphony Hall. In 1998, members of the band began their association with the Breton musician Alan Simon. Working in collaboration with numerous others, members of Fairport (predominantly Nicol and Leslie) have performed in and participated in the recordings of all Simon's rock operas, including the Excalibur trilogy (1998, 2007, 2010) and Anne de Bretagne (2008).  2007 was their fortieth anniversary year and they celebrated by releasing a new album, Sense of Occasion. They performed the whole of the Liege & Lief album live at Cropredy, since 2004 renamed Fairport's Cropredy Convention, featuring the 1969 line-up of Dave Swarbrick, Ashley Hutchings, Dave Mattacks, Simon Nicol and Richard Thompson, with singer-songwriter Chris While taking the place of Sandy Denny. Footage of the festival, although not the Liege and Lief performance, was released as part of a celebratory DVD.  The band's first official YouTube video appeared in April 2008. Edited from footage shot for the DVD, the nine-minute mini-documentary includes intervie

user: Who are the current band members

assistant: 1969 line-up of Dave Swarbrick, Ashley Hutchings, Dave Mattacks, Simon Nicol and Richard Thompson, with singer-songwriter Chris

user: Have they won any awards recently

assistant: CANNOTANSWER