dgand84/projgand huggingface dataset:
Título: Bruno Latour
Seção: We Have Never Been Modern
Background: Bruno Latour (French: [latuR]; born 22 June 1947) is a French philosopher, anthropologist and sociologist. He is especially known for his work in the field of science and technology studies (STS). After teaching at the Ecole des Mines de Paris (Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation) from 1982 to 2006, he became Professor at Sciences Po Paris (2006-2017), where he was the scientific director of the Sciences Po Medialab. He retired from several university activities in 2017.

Conteúdo: Latour's work Nous n'avons jamais ete modernes : Essais d'anthropologie symetrique was first published in French in 1991, and then in English in 1993 as We Have Never Been Modern.  Latour encouraged the reader of this anthropology of science to re-think and re-evaluate our mental landscape. He evaluated the work of scientists and contemplated the contribution of the scientific method to knowledge and work, blurring the distinction across various fields and disciplines.  Latour argued that society has never really been modern and promoted nonmodernism (or amodernism) over postmodernism, modernism, or antimodernism. His stance was that we have never been modern and minor divisions alone separate Westerners now from other collectives. Latour viewed modernism as an era that believed it had annulled the entire past in its wake. He presented the antimodern reaction as defending such entities as spirit, rationality, liberty, society, God, or even the past. Postmoderns, according to Latour, also accepted the modernistic abstractions as if they were real. In contrast, the nonmodern approach reestablished symmetry between science and technology on the one hand and society on the other. Latour also referred to the impossibility of returning to premodernism because it precluded the large scale experimentation which was a benefit of modernism.  Latour attempted to prove through case studies the fallacy in the old object/subject and Nature/Society compacts of modernity, which can be traced

user: What is We Have Never Been Modern?

assistant: Latour's work Nous n'avons jamais ete modernes : Essais d'anthropologie symetrique was first published in French in 1991, and then in English in 1993 as We Have Never Been Modern.

user: Why did he mean by 'we have never been modern'?

assistant: Latour encouraged the reader of this anthropology of science to re-think and re-evaluate our mental landscape.

user: What did he think we needed to re-think and re-evaluate?

assistant: Latour argued that society has never really been modern and promoted nonmodernism (or amodernism) over postmodernism, modernism, or antimodernism.

user: What was his definition of modern?

assistant: Latour viewed modernism as an era that believed it had annulled the entire past in its wake.

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: He presented the antimodern reaction as defending such entities as spirit, rationality, liberty, society, God, or even the past.
Benefits By Year Of Birth 
Full retirement age is the age at which a person may first become entitled to full or unreduced retirement benefits. No matter what your full retirement age also called " normal retirement age " is , you may start receiving benefits as early as age 62 or as late as age 70. 

If You Retire Early 
You can retire at any time between age 62 and full retirement age. However , if you start benefits early , your benefits are reduced a fraction of a percent for each month before your full retirement age. The chart below lists age 62 reduction amounts and includes examples based on an estimated monthly benefit of $1000 at full retirement age. Select your year of birth to find out how much your benefit will be reduced if you retire between age 62 and full retirement age. 

Full Retirement and Age 62 Benefit By Year Of Birth 


Pros And Cons 
There are advantages and disadvantages to taking your benefit before your full retirement age. The advantage is that you collect benefits for a longer period of time. The disadvantage is your benefit is reduced. Each person's situation is different. It is important to remember : if you delay your benefits until after full retirement age , you may be eligible for delayed retirement credits that would increase your monthly benefit ; that there are other things to consider when making the correct decision about your retirement benefits ; and to contact Social Security before you decide when to retire. 

user: How are benefits determined?

assistant: If You Retire Earlyr
  You can retire at any time between age 62 and full retirement age

assistant: did you start benefits early?

user: No I did not

user: are there pros and cons?

assistant: There are advantages and disadvantages to taking your benefit before your full retirement age .   [The advantage is that you collect benefits for a longer period of time  The disadvantage is your benefit is reduced 

user: what if I start benefits early?

assistant: Your benefits will be reduced by a reduced a fraction of a percent for each month before your full retirement


user: oh ok

assistant: No matter what your full retirement age also called " normal retirement age " is  you may start receiving benefits as early as age 62 or as late as age 70
Título: Limp Bizkit
Seção: Live performances
Background: Limp Bizkit is an American rap rock band from Jacksonville, Florida, formed in 1994. Their lineup consists of Fred Durst (lead vocals), Sam Rivers (bass, backing vocals), John Otto (drums, percussion), and Wes Borland (guitars, backing vocals). Their music is marked by Durst's angry vocal delivery and Borland's sonic experimentation. Borland's elaborate visual appearance, which includes face and body paint, masks and uniforms, also plays a large role in the band's elaborate live shows.

Conteúdo: Borland is known for performing in costumes and body paint during concerts, appearing in bunny and kung fu suits, and painted as a skeleton and what he describes as a "burnt match". Describing the character, he stated, "I go onstage wearing almost nothing. I have underwear and my boots on, and I paint my whole head black--from the neck up--and I have the black contacts. All you can see is these glowing teeth." Borland's black contacts were customized for him by a company noted for making contacts for the science fiction TV series Babylon 5.  In addition to Borland's visual appearance, the band has also used elaborate stage setups in their performances. Their Ladies Night in Cambodia club tour visually paid tribute to the film Apocalypse Now, with an elaborate stage setup which featured an empty Jeep, camouflage mesh and palm trees. During the band's tour with Primus, Limp Bizkit took inspiration from Primus' trademark self-deprecatory slogan "Primus sucks": Durst, Borland, Rivers, Otto and Lethal took the stage with middle fingers raised. According to Borland, "they finger us back--and you know what that means to us--that they love us. It's kind of like saying something is bad when you really mean good. Les Claypool came out the first night of the tour and got a big kick out of it. We figured it was the right idea. It makes hecklers go 'huh.'"  During the band's sets at Ozzfest, audience members at the tour heckled Limp Bizkit, leading the band to use a 30-foot toilet as a st

user: Where have they performed live?

assistant: Their Ladies Night in Cambodia club tour visually paid tribute to the film Apocalypse Now,

user: what is interesting about their live performances?

assistant: Limp Bizkit performed on a set which the Los Angeles Times described as "a mix of The War Of The Worlds and Mars Attacks
Título: Bananarama
Seção: 1979-1982: Early years
Background: Bananarama is a British female pop music vocal group formed in London in 1981 by friends Sara Dallin, Siobhan Fahey and Keren Woodward. Their success on both pop and dance charts has earned them a listing in the Guinness World Records as the all-female group with the most chart entries in the world. In addition to their chart success, they are also known for their vocal style, generally singing in unison rather than in harmony like most vocal groups. The group's 10 UK Top 10 hits include "It Ain't What You Do..." (1982), "Really Saying Something" (1982), "Shy Boy" (1982), "Cruel Summer" (1983), "Robert De Niro's Waiting..." (1984) and "Love in the First Degree" (1987).

Conteúdo: Bananarama were founded in London in 1981 by Fahey, Woodward and Dallin, the latter two having been childhood friends in Bristol since the age of four, and attending St. George's School for Girls together. Dallin and Fahey met in 1979 while studying fashion journalism at the London College of Fashion. They became friends because they both dressed more radically than the other students. The trio were ardent followers of the punk rock and post-punk music scene during the late 1970s and early 1980s and often performed impromptu sets or backing vocals at gigs for such bands as The Monochrome Set, Iggy Pop, The Jam, Department S and The Nipple Erectors.  In 1981, Bananarama's members were living above the rehearsal room that was used by former Sex Pistols members Steve Jones and Paul Cook. With their help, Bananarama recorded their first demo "Aie a Mwana" (UK #92, a cover of a song by Black Blood, sung in Swahili). The demo was heard at Demon Records, who consequently offered Bananarama their first deal. The song was an underground hit and Bananarama were signed by Decca (later London Records) and remained on the label until 1993.  During this early period Bananarama were approached by Malcolm McLaren, who offered to manage the group. McLaren, manager of the Sex Pistols and Bow Wow Wow, and notorious for generating scandal, proposed some new material that was sexually suggestive, and did not fit with what at the time was the band's tomboyish and straightforward image. Bananarama 

user: When did bananarama begin to be successful?

assistant: UK fashion magazine The Face featured an article on Bananarama after the release of their first single.
Apply for Retirement Benefits 
Social Security offers an online retirement application that you can complete in as little as 15 minutes. It's so easy. Better yet , you can apply from the comfort of your home or office at a time most convenient for you. There's no need to drive to a local Social Security office or wait for an appointment with a Social Security representative. In most cases , once your application is submitted electronically , you're done. Social Security will process your application and contact you by telephone or by mail if any further information is needed. Apply for Retirement Benefits Return to a Saved Application|Check Application Status If you prefer to complete your application in a language other than English , the online application will give you the option to schedule an appointment to apply for benefits in your preferred language. The online application is currently only available in English. 

Questions about our Social Security Retirement Benefits Application 


Who can apply for retirement benefits online? 
You can apply online for retirement benefits or benefits as a spouse if you : are at least 61 years and 8 months old ; Are not currently receiving benefits on your own Social Security record ; have not already applied for retirement benefits ; and want your benefits to start no more than 4 months in the future. We cannot process your application if you apply for benefits more than 4 months in advance. 

What about Medicare? 
If you already have Medicare , you can still use this application to apply for retirement benefits. If you don t have Medicare but are within 3 months of age 65 , you can use this application to apply for : both retirement and Medicare ; or just Medicare , if you aren't ready to receive retirement benefits yet. For more information , go to Medicare. 

What do I need to know before I apply? 
Before you apply for retirement benefits , there are certain Social Security " basics " you should know about : Your " fu

user: Can anyone apply for retirement benefits online?

assistant: You can apply online for retirement benefits or benefits as a spouse.

user: How do I know if there is a problem with my online application?

assistant: You will get a message that tells you there is a problem and what actually caused it.

user: What do I need to do about Medicare?

assistant: You can still use if you all ready have Medicare?
Understand Financial Aid 
As you prepare for college or career school , explore how financial aid works, learn about the types of aid, and find out if you re eligible. You can also estimate what aid you may be eligible for when you check out FAFSA4caster. Estimate Your Aid 

How Financial Aid Works 
Learn More 

Types of Aid 
Learn More 

Grants 
that's typically based on need and doesn't typically have to be repaid Financial aid 

Scholarships 
that is based on academic or other achievements, or on financial need, to help pay for school Free money 

Work-Study Jobs 
A way to earn money to help you pay for school 

Loans 
Money you borrow to pay for college or career school ; you must repay your loans and the interest that accrues 

More Resources for Aid 
Federal government besides Federal Student Aid State government College or career school Nonprofit or private organizations 

Who Gets Aid 
Learn More 

Learn how the following situations could affect your eligibility for aid 
Military family members who are homeless Students Students enrolled at international schools Students with a parent killed in Iraq or Afghanistan who are or have been in foster care Students Non-U.S. citizens Students with intellectual disabilities Students with criminal convictions 

Estimate Your Aid 
Get Aid Estimate 

user: Yes I'd like information. What types of aid is available at the federal level?

assistant: We have that information.

assistant: Would you like to learn more about grants?
Título: Art Donovan
Seção: Post-playing career
Background: Art Donovan, born June 5, 1924, was the son of Arthur Donovan, Sr., a boxing referee, and the grandson of Professor Mike Donovan, the world middleweight boxing champion in the 1870s. Art attended Mount Saint Michael Academy in the Bronx. He received a scholarship to the University of Notre Dame in 1942 but left after one semester to join the United States Marine Corps, enlisting in April 1943. He served four years, to include service in the Pacific Theatre during World War II.

Conteúdo: He published an autobiography, Fatso, in 1987. He was noted as a jovial and humorous person during his playing career and capitalized on that with television and speaking appearances after retiring as a player. He owned and managed a country club near Baltimore. Donovan also appeared ten times on the Late Show with David Letterman, telling humorous stories about his old playing days and about other "old school" footballers he played with and against. He relayed a story that he played without a helmet and in fact is shown on football cards without a helmet. Letterman wore Donovan's No. 70 Colts jersey in the famous Super Bowl XLI commercial with Oprah Winfrey and Jay Leno.  Donovan guest-starred in the Nickelodeon show The Adventures of Pete & Pete in the episode "Space, Geeks, and Johnny Unitas". He also appeared as a guest commentator at the WWF King of the Ring tournament in 1994. Donovan's appearance at the 1994 King of the Ring event would become infamous among wrestling fans for being seemingly uninformed about the product as well as generally befuddled behavior such as repeatedly asking how much certain wrestlers weighed. He was joined by Gorilla Monsoon on play-by-play, who inadvertently referred to Donovan several times as "Art O'Donnell", and Randy Savage.  He was co-host of the popular 1990s program Braase, Donovan, Davis and Fans on WJZ-TV in Baltimore with Colt teammate Ordell Braase. The trio talked more about Art Donovan's fabled stories than contemporary NFL fo

user: What did donovan do when he left the nfl

assistant: He published an autobiography, Fatso,

user: Was the autobiograpghy a hit

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Tom Ford
Seção: Early career
Background: Tom Ford was born on August 27, 1961, in Austin, Texas, the son of realtors Shirley Burton (nee Shirley Ann Thrasher) and Thomas David Ford. He spent his early life in the suburbs of Houston, Texas, and in San Marcos, outside Austin; his family moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico, when he was 11. In Santa Fe, he entered St. Michael's High School and later moved to Santa Fe Preparatory School, from which he graduated in 1979.

Conteúdo: When interviewing for jobs after graduation, Ford said that he had attended The New School's Parsons division, but concealed that he graduated in architecture, and that his work at Chloe was a low-level public relations position. Despite his lack of experience in fashion, Ford called American designer Cathy Hardwick every day for a month in hopes of securing a job at her sportswear company. Hardwick eventually agreed to interview him. She later recalled the incident: "I had every intention of giving him no hope. I asked him who his favorite European designers were. He said, 'Armani and Chanel.' Months later I asked him why he said that, and he said, 'Because you were wearing something Armani'. Is it any wonder he got the job?" Ford worked as a design assistant for Hardwick for two years.  In 1988, Ford moved to Perry Ellis, where he knew both Robert McDonald, the company's president, and Marc Jacobs, its designer, socially. He worked at the company for two years, but grew tired of working in American fashion. In a later interview with The New York Times, he commented, "If I was ever going to become a good designer, I had to leave America. My own culture was inhibiting me. Too much style in America is tacky. It's looked down upon to be too stylish. Europeans, however, appreciate style."  At the time, Italian fashion house Gucci was struggling financially and was seeking to strengthen its women's ready-to-wear presence as a part of a brand overhaul. The company's creative direc

user: Where did he start his career

assistant: When interviewing for jobs after graduation,

user: Where did he get a job after graduation

assistant: Ford called American designer Cathy Hardwick every day for a month in hopes of securing a job at her sportswear company.

user: Did he get a job there?

assistant: Ford worked as a design assistant for Hardwick for two years.

user: What did he do after that job

assistant: In 1988, Ford moved to Perry Ellis, where he knew both Robert McDonald, the company's president, and Marc Jacobs, its designer, socially.

user: What did he do at Perry Ellis

assistant: He worked at the company for two years, but grew tired of working in American fashion.

user: Did he move to Europe?

assistant: For an American designer to move to Italy to join a company that was far from being a brand would have been pretty risky.
VA education benefits for survivors and dependents 
Find out if you re eligible for VA education benefits for dependents and survivors also called Chapter 35 benefits. If you re a dependent spouse or child or the surviving spouse or child of a Veteran , you may qualify for Chapter 35 benefits or job training through a GI Bill program. 

Am I eligible for education benefits? 
You may qualify for VA education benefits Chapter 35 benefits if you re the child or spouse of a service member and one of the below descriptions is true of the service member. One of these must be true. The service member : Died in the line of duty after September 10 , 2001 , or Is missing in action or was captured in the line of duty by a hostile force , or Was detained held by force while in the line of duty by a foreign government or power , or Is in the hospital or getting outpatient treatment for a service - connected permanent and total disability , and is likely to be discharged for that disability. A service - connected permanent and total disability is a disability resulting from your service that doesn t go away. You may qualify for VA education benefits Chapter 35 benefits if you re the child or spouse of a Veteran and one of the below descriptions is true of the Veteran. One of these must be true. The Veteran : Is permanently and totally disabled due to a service - connected disability , or Died while on active duty or as a result of a service - connected disability If you re a dependent who doesn t meet the above criteria , you may still qualify for VA education benefits if the Veteran or service member transferred some or all of their Post-9/11 GI Bill entitlement to you while they were on active duty. Learn about transferred benefits 

What benefits can I get? 
Education and training Money for tuition Money for housing Money for books and supplies 

How do I get these benefits? 
You ll need to apply. Apply for VA education benefits Chapter 35 benefits. There are 2 main GI Bill 

user: what can you tell me about VA education benefits for survivors and dependents?

assistant: Find out if you re eligible for VA education benefits for dependents and survivors also called Chapter 35 benefits 

user: what if I'm a dependent spouse or child or the surviving spouse or child of a Veteran?

assistant: you may qualify for Chapter 35 benefits or job training through a GI Bill program
Título: Joe Perry (musician)
Seção: Formation and initial success of Aerosmith (1970-1979)
Background: Joseph Anthony Pereira (born September 10, 1950), better known by his stage name Joe Perry, is the lead guitarist, backing and occasional lead vocalist, and contributing songwriter for the American rock band Aerosmith. He was ranked 84th in Rolling Stone's list of The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time. In 2001, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as part of Aerosmith, and in 2013, Perry and his songwriting partner Steven Tyler were recipients of the ASCAP Founders Award and were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. In October 2014, Simon & Schuster released Rocks:

Conteúdo: During Perry's early years he formed a band with Tom Hamilton called The Jam Band. Steven Tyler, Brad Whitford and Joey Kramer eventually joined them and the band became Aerosmith. While initially dismissed as The Rolling Stones knock-offs, the band came into its own during the mid-1970s with a string of hit records. Chief among these successes were Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), thanks largely to the prevalence of free-form, album-oriented FM radio. The group also managed hit singles on the radio with songs like "Dream On", "Same Old Song and Dance", "Sweet Emotion", "Walk This Way", "Back in the Saddle", and "Last Child".  During this time, Perry and Tyler became known as the "Toxic Twins" for their notorious hard-partying and drug use. Aerosmith's crowd earned the nickname "The Blue Army", so called by the band after the seemingly endless number of teenagers in the audience wearing blue denim jackets and blue jeans. The audience was abundantly male with long hair.  Following Rocks, the group began to stumble. Drug use escalated and the creative process became hampered by strained relationships within the band. This was highlighted during the recording process for their next album, which was recorded at an abandoned convent in upstate New York. During their time there, Tyler and Perry would spend much of the time in their rooms getting high, away from the rest of the band, and would often record their parts separately. The band, hampered by heavy drug use and di

user: How was Aerosmith formed?

assistant: Steven Tyler, Brad Whitford and Joey Kramer eventually joined them and the band became Aerosmith.

user: Where did the name Aerosmith come from?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: When was the group formed?

assistant: mid-1970s

user: When did they get their first major gig?

assistant: While initially dismissed as The Rolling Stones knock-offs, the band came into its own during the mid-1970s with a string of hit records.
Título: Faith Hill
Seção: Early life and career beginnings
Background: Audrey Faith McGraw (born September 21, 1967) is an American singer and record producer. She is one of the most successful country artists of all time, having sold more than 40 million albums worldwide. Hill is married to American singer Tim McGraw, with whom she has recorded several duets. Hill's first two albums, Take Me as I Am (1993) and It Matters to Me (1995), were major successes and placed a combined three number ones on Billboard's country charts.

Conteúdo: Hill was born in Ridgeland, Mississippi, north of Jackson, Mississippi. She was adopted as an infant, and named Audrey Faith Perry. She was raised in the nearby town of Star, 20 miles outside of Jackson. Her adoptive parents, Edna and Ted Perry, raised her with their two biological sons in a devout Christian environment.  Hill's vocal talent was apparent early, and she had her first public performance, at a 4-H luncheon, when she was seven. In 1976, a few days before her 9th birthday, she attended a concert by Elvis Presley at the State Fair Coliseum, in Jackson, which impressed her deeply. By the time she was a teenager, Hill was a regular performer at area churches, even those not in her own Baptist denomination. At 17, Hill formed a band that played in local rodeos. She graduated from McLaurin Attendance Center in 1986, and briefly attended college at Hinds Junior College (now Hinds Community College) in Raymond, Mississippi. At times, she sang for prisoners at the Hinds County Jail, her song of choice being "Amazing Grace". At age 19 she quit school to move to Nashville and pursue her dream of being a country singer. In her early days in Nashville, Hill auditioned to be a backup singer for Reba McEntire, but failed to secure the job. After a stint selling T-shirts, Hill became a secretary at a music publishing firm. Hill also landed a job at a local McDonald's restaurant franchise, which she disliked intensely. "Fries, burgers, cash register - I did it all, I hated it," s

user: where was she born?

assistant: Ridgeland, Mississippi,

user: when was she born?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: who were her parents?

assistant: Edna and Ted Perry,

user: did she have any siblings?

assistant: Edna and Ted Perry, raised her with their two biological sons

user: where did she go to school?

assistant: She graduated from McLaurin Attendance Center

user: what did she do after school?

assistant: Hill auditioned to be a backup singer for Reba McEntire,
Título: Bruce Dickinson
Seção: Growing tensions and departure: 1986-1993
Background: Paul Bruce Dickinson was born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire. His mother, Sonia, worked part-time in a shoe shop, and his father, Bruce, was a mechanic in the army. Dickinson's birth hurried the young couple, then just teenagers, into marriage. Initially, he was brought up by his grandparents; his grandfather was a coal-face worker at the local colliery and his grandmother was a housewife.

Conteúdo: After a six-month break, which Dickinson mostly spent practising fencing, Iron Maiden began writing their next album, Somewhere in Time. Dickinson was disappointed with the effort as he felt that the band needed a more dramatic stylistic departure from past records to remain relevant, despite its introduction of synthesised bass and guitars. He has no writing credits on the release, as his material, based on his own suggestion that the album should be more acoustic-focused, was rejected by the rest of the band. Steve Harris, on the other hand, stated that his material was rejected because it was not good enough, and that Dickinson "was probably more burnt out than anyone at the end of the last tour".  After a subsequent tour, Iron Maiden started working on their next studio effort, Seventh Son of a Seventh Son, which featured more progressive rock elements than the band's previous records. Although it became their second release to top the UK charts, it was also Dickinson's first album with the band that did not achieve platinum status in the US. Unlike Somewhere in Time, Dickinson was much more enthusiastic about this album due to its concept and has several song-writing credits. After the following tour in 1988, the band decided to take a year off.  During the next album's writing stage, Adrian Smith left Iron Maiden, and was replaced by Janick Gers. Iron Maiden's eighth studio release, 1990's No Prayer for the Dying, had a raw sound that, according to AllMusic, did not "ho

user: Did the band take a break or break up?

assistant: After the Fear of the Dark Tour, Dickinson decided to leave Iron Maiden to concentrate on his solo career.

user: did he come back?

assistant: His last performance with the band was filmed by the BBC

user: What songs were produce prior to breaking up.

assistant: Bring Your Daughter... to the Slaughter",

user: any others?

assistant: No Prayer for the Dying,

user: What was the last song?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: any awards for performace?

assistant: Golden Raspberry Award for worst original song in 1989,

user: Golden raspberry! Thats funny, any others?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER
Título: Muhammad Ali
Seção: Early career
Background: Muhammad Ali (; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 - June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. He is widely regarded as one of the most significant and celebrated sports figures of the 20th century. From early in his career, Ali was known as an inspiring, controversial, and polarizing figure both inside and outside the ring. Cassius Clay was born and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, and began training as an amateur boxer when he was 12 years old.

Conteúdo: Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over Tunney Hunsaker. From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19-0 with 15 wins by knockout. He defeated boxers that included Tony Esperti, Jim Robinson, Donnie Fleeman, Alonzo Johnson, George Logan, Willi Besmanoff, LaMar Clark, Doug Jones and Henry Cooper. Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer Archie Moore in a 1962 match.  These early fights were not without trials. Clay was knocked down both by Sonny Banks and Cooper. In the Cooper fight, Clay was floored by a left hook at the end of round four and was saved by the bell, going on to win in the predicted 5th round due to Cooper's severely cut eye. The fight with Doug Jones on March 13, 1963 was Clay's toughest fight during this stretch. The number-two and -three heavyweight contenders respectively, Clay and Jones fought on Jones' home turf at New York's Madison Square Garden. Jones staggered Clay in the first round, and the unanimous decision for Clay was greeted by boos and a rain of debris thrown into the ring (watching on closed-circuit TV, heavyweight champ Sonny Liston quipped that if he fought Clay he might get locked up for murder). The fight was later named "Fight of the Year" by The Ring magazine.  In each of these fights, Clay vocally belittled his opponents and vaunted his abilities. He called Jones "an ugly little man" and Cooper a "bum". He was embarrassed to get in the ring with Alex Miteff. Madi

user: How Did Ali's early career take off

assistant: Clay made his professional debut on October 29, 1960, winning a six-round decision over Tunney Hunsaker.

user: What did he do after he won that first important match

assistant: From then until the end of 1963, Clay amassed a record of 19-0 with 15 wins by knockout.

user: Did he win any awards during this time?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did he fight any now famous boxers during this time?

assistant: Archie Moore

user: Did he beat Archie Moore?

assistant: Clay also beat his former trainer and veteran boxer Archie Moore in a 1962 match.
Título: Nolan Ryan
Seção: Later activity
Background: Ryan was born in Refugio, south of Victoria in south Texas, the youngest of six children, to Lynn Nolan Ryan Sr. (1907-1970), and the former Martha Lee Hancock (1913-1990). The senior Ryan operated a newspaper delivery service for the Houston Post that required him to rise in the early morning hours to prepare 1,500 newspapers for delivery over a 55-mile route. The children were expected to help with the daily tasks.

Conteúdo: Nolan Ryan's post-retirement business interests include ownership of two minor league teams: the Corpus Christi Hooks, which play in the Class AA Texas League, and the Round Rock Express, a Class AAA team in the Pacific Coast League. Both teams were affiliates of the Houston Astros, for whom Ryan also served as a special assistant to the general manager until selling his interest in the team in the off-season between 2004 and 2005. He became the president of the Texas Rangers in 2008. The Express became the Rangers' AAA affiliate beginning in 2010; the Hooks are still the Astros' AA affiliate and were purchased by the Astros in 2013 when Nolan's son, Reid Ryan, took office as President of the Houston Astros.  Ryan threw out the ceremonial first pitch before Game 3 of the 2005 World Series between the Astros and the White Sox, the first World Series game ever played in Texas. That game went 14 innings, equaling the longest in innings in World Series history (at 5:41, it was the longest in time). ESPN wryly suggested the Astros might have needed to pull the 58-year-old Ryan out of retirement if the game had gone much longer.  Ryan has co-written six books: autobiographies Miracle Man (with Jerry Jenkins, 1992), Throwing Heat (with Harvey Frommer, 1988) and The Road to Cooperstown (with Mickey Herskowitz and T.R. Sullivan, 1999); Kings of the Hill (with Mickey Herskowitz, 1992), about contemporary pitchers; and instructional books Pitching and Hitting (with Joe Torre and Joel Co

user: What did he do

assistant: Nolan Ryan's post-retirement business interests include ownership of two minor league teams:
Título: Irving Fisher
Seção: Biography
Background: Irving Fisher (February 27, 1867 - April 29, 1947) was an American economist, statistician, inventor, and Progressive social campaigner. He was one of the earliest American neoclassical economists, though his later work on debt deflation has been embraced by the Post-Keynesian school. Joseph Schumpeter described him as "the greatest economist the United States has ever produced", an assessment later repeated by James Tobin and Milton Friedman. Fisher made important contributions to utility theory and general equilibrium.

Conteúdo: Fisher was born in Saugerties, New York. His father was a teacher and a Congregational minister, who raised his son to believe he must be a useful member of society. Despite being raised in religious family, he later on became an atheist. As a child, he had remarkable mathematical ability and a flair for invention. A week after he was admitted to Yale College his father died, at age 53. Irving then supported his mother, brother, and himself, mainly by tutoring. He graduated first in his class with a B.A degree in 1888, having also been elected as a member of the Skull and Bones society.  In 1891, Fisher received the first Ph.D. in economics granted by Yale. His faculty advisors were the theoretical physicist Willard Gibbs and the sociologist William Graham Sumner. As a student, Fisher had shown particular talent and inclination for mathematics, but he found that economics offered greater scope for his ambition and social concerns. His thesis, published by Yale in 1892 as Mathematical Investigations in the Theory of Value and Prices, was a rigorous development of the theory of general equilibrium. When he began writing the thesis, Fisher had not been aware that Leon Walras and his continental European disciples had already covered similar ground. Nonetheless, Fisher's work was a very significant contribution and was immediately recognized and praised as first-rate by such European masters as Francis Edgeworth.  After graduating from Yale, Fisher studied in Berlin and Paris. Fr

user: Can you provide some background information on Irving Fisher?

assistant: Fisher was born in Saugerties, New York.

user: Was he married?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: Did Irving Fisher have any children?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER

user: What kind of work did he do?

assistant: From 1890 onward, he remained at Yale, first as a tutor, then after 1898 as a professor of political economy, and after 1935 as professor emeritus.

user: How well did he tutor?

assistant: Irving then supported his mother, brother, and himself, mainly by tutoring.

user: How did he do as a professor?

assistant: He edited the Yale Review from 1896 to 1910 and was active in many learned societies, institutes, and welfare organizations.
Schedule and view VA appointments online 
With our VA Appointments tools , you can schedule some VA health care appointments online. You can also view details about upcoming appointments and organize your health calendar. Find out if you re eligible, and how to sign up to begin using these tools on our My HealtheVet health management portal. 

How do I talk to someone right now? 
If you're a Veteran in crisis or concerned about one , connect with our caring, qualified Veterans Crisis Line responders for confidential help. Many of them are Veterans themselves. This service is private, free, and available 24/7. To connect with a Veterans Crisis Line responder anytime day or night : Call 800 - 273 - 8255 , then select 1. Start a confidential Veterans chat. Text 838255. If you have hearing loss , call TTY : 800 - 799 - 4889. You can also : Call 911. Go to the nearest emergency room. Go directly to your nearest VA medical center. It doesn't matter what your discharge status is or if you're enrolled in VA health care. Find your nearest VA medical center Please note: The fastest way to make all your VA appointments is usually to call the VA health facility where you want to receive care. If you can t keep an existing appointment , please contact the facility as soon as possible to reschedule or cancel. Find your VA health facility s phone number 

View your VA appointments online 


Schedule or cancel a VA appointment online 


How can VA Appointments tools help me manage my health care? 
VA Appointments tools offer a secure, web - based way to schedule, view, and organize your VA appointments online. You can use these tools to : Schedule some of your VA medical appointments online Reschedule and cancel appointments made online View appointments on your health calendar Find the location of the VA facility for your appointments Set up email reminders for upcoming appointments Print a list of your future appointments Look up past appointments from the last 2 years Add non 

user: Am I eligible to use the VA Appointments tools?

assistant: You can use these tools if you meet all of the requirements.

user: what are those requirements?

assistant: For example, Are you enrolled in VA health care?

user: Yes, I am.

assistant: Are you scheduling your appointment with a VA health facility that uses online scheduling?
Questions and Answers About FAFSA Completion Data 
Below are questions we ve heard about the Completion by High School and Public School District">data we provide on FAFSA completion by high school. 

Basics 


Missing or Duplicate High Schools 


Low Completion Totals 


Technical and Analytical 


Basics 


What is the source of data? 
The source of the data is the U.S. Department of Education's Central Processing System. 

What years of Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) submission and completion data are available? 
Federal Student Aid releases data for the current 2018 19 cycle and provides a side - by - side comparison of the previous 2017 18 cycle. We also have an archive that contains data files from the 2017 18 cycle comparing it to the past 2016 17 cycle. Each file has the previous cycle data through the same date in the prior year as well as the 6-month and 12-month numbers for the previous cycle. Only numbers of submitted and completed FAFSA forms are available. No personally identifiable information for any FAFSA filer will be shared through this process. Email us at HSFAFSA@ed.gov if you see data that is inaccurate and/or you have suggestions for improvement. We welcome your input. 

What is the difference between a submitted and a completed FAFSA form? 
Submitted applications reflect all FAFSA forms submitted by students at that high school. These applications , however , can be subsequently rejected by the Central Processing System if they are missing key pieces of information. The applications that are not rejected are referred to as completed applications. Completed applications , therefore , are a subset of all submitted applications. If a FAFSA form is submitted but not complete , the student will receive an email from the Department of Education asking him or her to correct the FAFSA form. A completed FAFSA form is necessary to determine eligibility for federal student aid and often other forms of financial aid. 

How often will 

user: What are some of the most common FAFSA completion data questions and answers?

assistant: You can check on our website some of the questions we've heard about the FAFSA completion by High School and Public School district data.

user: Can you give me some examples?

user: with its respective answer, please.

assistant: one of the questions is: What is the difference between a submitted and a completed FAFSA form?. And the answer is that submitted applications reflect all FAFSA forms submitted by students at a particular high school, while completed forms are all the FAFSA forms that weren't rejected due to some missing key information after being revised by the Central Processing System.

assistant: Do you want to know what happens with the FAFSA forms that are submitted but not completed?

user: No, thanks.

user: Can you tell me what years of FAFSA submission and completion data are available to check?

assistant: Currently, the Federal Student Aid releases data for the 2018-19 cycle and provides a side-by-side comparison of the previous 2017-18 cycle. There's also an archive that contains data files from the 2017-18 cycle comparing it to the past 2016-17 cycle.
Título: Willie Dixon
Seção: Adulthood
Background: William James Dixon (July 1, 1915 - January 29, 1992) was an American blues musician, vocalist, songwriter, arranger and record producer. He was proficient in playing both the upright bass and the guitar and was a capable singer, but he is perhaps best known as one of the most prolific songwriters of his time. Next to Muddy Waters, Dixon is recognized as the most influential person in shaping the post-World War II sound of the Chicago blues. Dixon's songs have been recorded by countless musicians in many genres as well as by various ensembles in which he participated.

Conteúdo: Dixon left Mississippi for Chicago in 1936. A man of considerable stature, standing 6 and a half feet tall and weighing over 250 pounds, he took up boxing, at which he was successful, winning the Illinois State Golden Gloves Heavyweight Championship (Novice Division) in 1937. He became a professional boxer and worked briefly as Joe Louis's sparring partner, but after four fights he left boxing in a dispute with his manager over money.  Dixon met Leonard Caston at a boxing gym, where they would harmonize at times. Dixon performed in several vocal groups in Chicago, but it was Caston that persuaded him to pursue music seriously. Caston built him his first bass, made of a tin can and one string. Dixon's experience singing bass made the instrument familiar. He also learned to play the guitar.  In 1939, Dixon was a founding member of the Five Breezes, with Caston, Joe Bell, Gene Gilmore and Willie Hawthorne. The group blended blues, jazz, and vocal harmonies, in the mode of the Ink Spots. Dixon's progress on the upright bass came to an abrupt halt with the advent of World War II, when he refused induction into military service as a conscientious objector and was imprisoned for ten months. He refused to go to war because he would not fight for a nation in which institutionalized racism and racist laws were prevalent. After the war, he formed a group named the Four Jumps of Jive. He then reunited with Caston, forming the Big Three Trio, which went on to record for Columbia Records. 

user: What was Dixon like in adulthood?

assistant: A man of considerable stature, standing 6 and a half feet tall and weighing over 250 pounds,
Título: Jeff Tweedy
Seção: Yankee Hotel Foxtrot
Background: Tweedy was born in Belleville, Illinois, on August 25, 1967, the fourth child of Bob and JoAnn Tweedy (nee Werkmeister). Bob Tweedy (died Aug. 4, 2017) worked at Alton & Southern Railroad in East St. Louis while Jo Ann was a kitchen designer. Tweedy has three siblings: older brother Greg Tweedy (died in 2013), brother Steven Tweedy, and sister Debbie Voll. Tweedy's mother bought Tweedy his first guitar when he was six years old, although he did not begin to play it seriously until he was twelve.

Conteúdo: Jeff Tweedy was invited to play at Chicago's Noise Pop festival, and was told that he could collaborate with a musician of his choosing. Tweedy chose Jim O'Rourke based on his fascination with O'Rourke's Bad Timing album. O'Rourke offered to bring drummer Glenn Kotche to the festival, and the trio formed a side project named Loose Fur. The other band members of Wilco had written a number of songs for Yankee Hotel Foxtrot, but Tweedy was unsatisfied with them because he believed that the songs did not sound like the ones he played with Loose Fur. Tweedy became such a fan of Kotche's playing style that he decided to dismiss Ken Coomer from the band in favor of Kotche. Tweedy had strong feelings about how songs should be sequenced, which clashed with Jay Bennett's focus on the songs themselves. Because Bennett was mixing the album, this led to a series of arguments about how the album should sound between songs. Tweedy asked O'Rourke to remix several songs on the album that had been mixed by Bennett, which caused tensions within the band to escalate. The album was completed in June 2001, and Tweedy was insistent that it was in its final form. Tweedy also fired Jay Bennett around this time, believing (according to Jay Bennett) that Wilco should only have one core member. The band maintains that the firing of Jay Bennett was a collective decision.  Reprise Record's parent company Time Warner merged with America Online in 2001, and the recording company was asked to cut costs. Howi

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: Jeff Tweedy was invited to play at Chicago's Noise Pop festival, and was told that he could collaborate with a musician of his choosing.

user: Who did he choose

assistant: Tweedy chose Jim O'Rourke based on his fascination with O'Rourke's Bad Timing album. O'Rourke offered to bring drummer Glenn Kotche to the festival,

user: Why did he choose him

assistant: but Tweedy was unsatisfied with them because he believed that the songs did not sound like the ones he played with Loose Fur.

user: So what he did next

assistant: Reprise Record's parent company Time Warner merged with America Online in 2001, and the recording company was asked to cut costs.

user: What else was stood out in this article

assistant: Tweedy also fired Jay Bennett around this time, believing (according to Jay Bennett) that Wilco should only have one core member.