Título: A. J. Cronin
Seção: Influence of The Citadel
Background: Cronin was born in Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland, the only child of a Protestant mother, Jessie Cronin (nee Montgomerie), and a Catholic father, Patrick Cronin. Cronin often wrote of young men from similarly mixed backgrounds. His paternal grandparents had emigrated from County Armagh, Ireland, and become glass and china merchants in Alexandria. Owen Cronin, his grandfather, had had his surname changed from Cronague in 1870.

Conteúdo: The Citadel (1937), a tale of a mining company doctor's struggle to balance scientific integrity with social obligations, helped to incite the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom by exposing the inequity and incompetence of medical practice at the time. In the novel Cronin advocated a free public health service in order to defeat the wiles of those doctors who "raised guinea-snatching and the bamboozling of patients to an art form." Dr Cronin and Aneurin Bevan had both worked at the Tredegar Cottage Hospital in Wales, which served as one of the bases for the NHS. The author quickly made enemies in the medical profession, and there was a concerted effort by one group of specialists to get The Citadel banned. Cronin's novel, which was the highest-selling book ever published by Victor Gollancz, informed the public about corruption within the medical system, planting a seed that eventually led to reform. Not only were the author's pioneering ideas instrumental in the creation of the NHS, but the historian Raphael Samuel asserted in 1995 that the popularity of Cronin's novels played a substantial role in the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1945.  By contrast, according to one of Cronin's biographers, Alan Davies, the book's reception was mixed. A few of the more vociferous medical practitioners of the day took exception to one of its many messages: that a few well-heeled doctors in fashionable practices were ripping off their equally well-o

user: What is the citadel?

assistant: ), a tale of a mining company doctor's struggle to balance scientific integrity with social obligations,

user: How did Cronin draw influence from it?

assistant: Cronin advocated a free public health service in order to defeat the wiles of those doctors who "raised guinea-snatching and the bamboozling of patients to an art form.

user: Was cronins work accepted?

assistant: The author quickly made enemies in the medical profession, and there was a concerted effort by one group of specialists to get The Citadel banned.

user: What did that group of people do to try and get it banned?

assistant: made enemies in the medical profession,

user: Tell me more about the enemies

assistant: the medical profession, and there was a concerted effort by one group of specialists

user: Is there anything else interesting about the citadel?

assistant: helped to incite the establishment of the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom

user: What does the national health service do?

assistant: advocated a free public health service

user: Did he contribute to any other major causes?

assistant: Raphael Samuel asserted in 1995 that the popularity of Cronin's novels played a substantial role in the Labour Party's landslide victory in 1945.