Título: Bruno Latour
Seção: Pandora's Hope
Background: Bruno Latour (French: [latuR]; born 22 June 1947) is a French philosopher, anthropologist and sociologist. He is especially known for his work in the field of science and technology studies (STS). After teaching at the Ecole des Mines de Paris (Centre de Sociologie de l'Innovation) from 1982 to 2006, he became Professor at Sciences Po Paris (2006-2017), where he was the scientific director of the Sciences Po Medialab. He retired from several university activities in 2017.

Conteúdo: After his early career efforts, Latour shifted his research interests to focus on laboratory scientists. Latour rose in importance following the 1979 publication of Laboratory Life: the Social Construction of Scientific Facts with co-author Steve Woolgar. In the book, the authors undertake an ethnographic study of a neuroendocrinology research laboratory at the Salk Institute. This early work argued that naive descriptions of the scientific method, in which theories stand or fall on the outcome of a single experiment, are inconsistent with actual laboratory practice.  In the laboratory, Latour and Woolgar observed that a typical experiment produces only inconclusive data that is attributed to failure of the apparatus or experimental method, and that a large part of scientific training involves learning how to make the subjective decision of what data to keep and what data to throw out. Latour and Woolgar argued that, for untrained observers, the entire process resembles not an unbiased search for truth and accuracy but a mechanism for ignoring data that contradicts scientific orthodoxy.  Latour and Woolgar produced a highly heterodox and controversial picture of the sciences. Drawing on the work of Gaston Bachelard, they advance the notion that the objects of scientific study are socially constructed within the laboratory--that they cannot be attributed with an existence outside of the instruments that measure them and the minds that interpret them. They view scientific activ

user: What was pandora's hope?

assistant: Pandora's Hope (1999) marks a return to the themes Latour explored in Science in Action and We Have Never Been Modern.

user: What did Bruno say about these findings?

assistant: Latour states that this specific, anecdotal approach to science studies is essential to gaining a full understanding of the discipline: "

user: Did anyone oppose these views?

assistant: Some authors have criticized Latour's methodology, including Katherine Pandora, a history of science professor at the University of Oklahoma.

user: What did they oppose?

assistant: writing can be stimulating, fresh and at times genuinely moving, but it can also display a distractingly mannered style in which a rococo zeal for compounding metaphors,

user: Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?

assistant: After his early career efforts, Latour shifted his research interests to focus on laboratory scientists. Latour rose in importance following the 1979 publication of Laboratory Life:

user: What did this research yield?

assistant: In the book, the authors undertake an ethnographic study of a neuroendocrinology research laboratory at the Salk Institute.

user: Does anyone oppose their research?

assistant: Gross and Leavitt argue that Latour's position becomes absurd when applied to non-scientific contexts: e.g.,

user: How does Latour counter that point?

assistant: CANNOTANSWER