Restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services at the landscape scale on productive agroforestry areas and their natural environment Restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services at the landscape scale on productive agroforestry areas and their natural environment improving the livelihoods of local communities Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency. 10. Benefits  294. The estimated number of direct beneficiaries of the project is 9,630 people, of which 3,817 (40 percent) are women and 5,813 (60 percent) are men. Most of them (9,150 people,[1] or 95 percent of the total) correspond to inhabitants of rural localities in the seven pilot landscapes who will benefit from the actions of the project as a whole, mainly in the establishment of local committees, the landscape-level planning, design and implementation of demonstration activities for restoration and best production practices, development of business models, investment plans and project portfolios, and technical assistance programmes. The remaining 5 percent (480 people) correspond to officials from public institutions at the national and regional level, and from other public and private organizations, who will benefit from the training programme for monitoring landscape restoration. In addition, of the total direct beneficiaries, it is estimated that 6 percent (578 people) belong to indigenous Mapuche communities within the framework of the Lanalhue-Nahuelbuta indigenous pilot landscape.  295. The project will support the beneficiaries to develop their capacities in order to: 1) actively participate in the establishment and operation of governance and decision-making mechanisms (at the local, regional and national levels), and strengthen their role in the sustainable management of the landscapes and ecosystems on which they depend for their livelihoods; 2) make use of approaches that contribute to greater sustainability in the use of biodiversity, soil and water resources; 3) participate in the development and implementation of landscape restoration plans and demonstration actions for restoration and best agricultural, livestock and forestry practices based on the approaches proposed and learned; and 4) develop business models and investment plans, as well as projects that help diversify the production of goods and services based on restoration.  296. The capacities acquired in the area of restoration actions and better productive practices that benefit biodiversity and the recovery of degraded soils should allow the development of business models that will contribute to productive diversification and the improvement of income and livelihoods. In this regard, it is expected that 245 men and 105 women, who participate in agricultural, livestock and/or forestry activities in the pilot landscapes, will increase their income associated with local economies based on restoration by 10 percent, as well as the financing of at least seven demonstration projects. In addition, the project will contribute to the promotion of Decent Rural Employment[2] considering the following aspects:    Training, technical assistance and business model initiatives, investment plans and value chains for the diversification of products based on restorative economies (Outputs 2.2.1, 2.2.2 and 2.2.3).  Improvement of the beneficiaries´ income, including the reduction of the income gap between men and women (Outputs 2.2.1, 2.2.2 and 2.2.3).  Participatory governance and decision-making mechanisms, including women and youth (Outputs 1.1.1, 2.1.1 and 2.1.3).  Good practices for the sustainable use of biodiversity, water and soil resources (Outputs 2.1.2 and 2.1.3).  Landscape restoration plans developed and implemented in a participatory manner (Outputs 2.1.1 and 2.1.3).  The restoration business models and the capacity transfer programs to be developed by the Project (Outputs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2) will support the creation of decent employment opportunities based on farming and rural non-farm activities in the pilot landscapes, especially for women and youth. Project support includes promoting the application of international labour standards and partnering with local, regional and national stakeholders to build human capital by improving access to vocational and entrepreneurial training and strengthening the capacity of rural organizations.            [1] On average, 261 people are expected to participate per pilot landscape per year, considering a total of seven pilot landscapes and five years of implementation. It is likely that during the first two years of implementation the number of beneficiaries will be lower than average and more related to participatory planning processes, while in the following three years of implementation the number of beneficiaries will be higher and more related to the demonstration actions for restoration, best production practices and business models.      [2] In the definition used by FAO, decent rural employment refers to any activity, occupation, job, business or service performed by women and men, adults and youth, in exchange for remuneration or benefits, in rural areas, which: 1) respects the fundamental labour standards as defined in the ILO Conventions; 2) provides an adequate living income; 3) implies an adequate degree of security and stability in employment; 4) adopts basic occupational health and safety measures; 5) avoids excessive working hours and allows enough time for rest; and 6) promotes access to technical and professional training.