Economic instruments and tools to support the conservation of biodiversity, the payment of ecosystem services and  sustainable development Improve national financing of biodiversity through the design, implementation and optimization of market-based economic instruments (IECB), that reinforce public financing and facilitate the economic contribution of the private sector to maintaining Chileâ€™s natural capital. Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency. Regarding socioeconomic benefits, by the end of the project there will be a direct positive influence on 1,334 people (401 women and 933 men) who will benefit from the mechanisms put in place to safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem services that they depend on (mostly marine resources and fresh watersupply). Thesedirect beneficiariesare the members of each of the organizations that will co-execute the project IECB demonstration experiences: theRural Drinking Water Committees of Mashue and Liquiñe, the Fishermen Association of AMERBs Chepu, Ventanas and Maitencillo, and the indigeneous communities of ECMPO Caulín.     As a result of Project implementation, this initiative will deliver various global environment benefits (GEB’s) in sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity, as described in the GEF-7 Programme Directives. The demonstration experiences in land ecosystems will contribute to the protection of ecosystems of high global significance, making available around 100,000 ha of high value (HCV) native forests for conservation and sustainably managed biodiversity in the Los Ríos Region. Furthermore, carbon emissions will be mitigated, measured as carbon sequester, as a result of the application of sustainable management measures, amounting to 89,890 metric tons of CO2.    Having available IECB mechanisms and guidelines as well as other institutionalized outputs (green project models; intervention models based on sustainable practices; information and monitoring and evaluation systems and an internet platform; studies on biometrics and return on investment in ecosystem services, etc.) generates benefits on the national level, strengthens institutions’ management capabilities, as well as public policies, strategies, plans and instruments. At the same time, access by the private sector and their participation is ensured, thereby improving the development of conservation projects and appropriate offsets through IECB application, increasing both public and private financing and favorably impacting biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation. Furthermore, it will contribute to the implementation and up-dating of the NDC’s and Chile’s other international commitments such as the CDB and Climate Change. It contributes directly to EM and SEIA capabilities; to the Environmental Superintendency’s information system; as well as to the component of the National System of Public Investment consistent with the objectives of IECB implementation under the Social Development Ministry’s responsibility.    Development of the land and marine demonstration experiences (DE’s) will make it possible to validate the methodological guidelines for the instruments and generate knowledge for strengthening local and national capabilities. The land ESR experience will reinforce the management capabilities of the Rural Potable Water Committees impacting other CAPR’s, through replication and up-scaling; as well as directly to their beneficiary members. This experience will benefit the Public Works Ministry’s Water Works Department regarding improving management of the CAPR’s under their responsibility as well as achieving more sustainable management of water resources for human consumption. This initiative will contribute to DE sustainability, replicability and scalability in other CAPR’s. Studies on biometrics and return on investment will contribute to Sanitary Services Superintendency management and its inclusion of biodiversity and ecosystem services in determining tarrifs for potable water services. Development of NbS project models contributes to the Finance Ministry’s Green Bonds initiative regarding climate change. The IECB mechanisms with green project models and sustainable management measures, together with the territorial governance framework, contribute to improving management in the Agriculture Ministry’s institutions (INDAP, CONAF, INFOR, SAG and ODEPA). As for the results of IECB application regarding the ecosystem services of scenic beauty, human well-being and tourism, this will contribute to the targets of the National Tourism Service.     Implementation of sustainable management measures in native forests will make it possible to improve in the middle and long term the ecosystem services of water for rural human consumption and productive systems, carbon sinking, and other ecosystem services, such as: scenic beauty, tourism, cultural objectives, medicinal applications and social well-being. If it should be feasible to develop the ESR DE’s in the Alto Maipo Wetlands, this will be an example of supporting the ecosystem service of water for human consumption in an urban area. If it should be feasible to develop CE experiences in coastal wetlands, the surface area under conservation measures will be increased as well as financing for biodiversity and ecosystem services conservation in this type of ecosystem.    The outputs and outcomes will foster transfer of capabilities and financing through IECB application; the outputs taken together will be an incentive for project development; the ESR demonstration experiences could also serve as offset sites, attracting financing to the territory; this same benefit will generate the development of the certification system. The land and marine ESR demonstration experiences will contribute to regional and local governance and to territorial planning within the IECB framework as well as planning of sustainable measures founded in NbS’s.     The implementation of demonstration experiences in marine and coastal ecosystems will help strengthen capabilities of Fishermen’s Union members in the AMERB’s and the ECMPO. In this last case, indigenous issues will be safeguarded. Developing this IECB experience will lead directly to an increase in biodiversity, in quantity, size and number of species; will transfer methodologies for natural resources conservation and management, demonstrating an increase in bentonic resources and seaweed, that can be incorporated as a model in the management plans of these marine management systems (replication, sustainability and up-scaling). Furthermore, the Unions will be strengthened in their organizational capabilities, in reaching agreements through the development of activities for the application of surveillance system models and biodiversity management models. As in the case of the land experiences, this will attract financing for the management and conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services, and through the system for managing and increasing natural resources, we will even be contributing to incomes, the feasibility of project development and broadening out to include other ecosystem services such as tourism.     The IECB demonstration experiences in the AMERB and ECMPO will generate, like in the land experiences, an ESR mechanism (green project model, sustainable management measures, information system and financing strategy); these will become offset sites and will have a Biodiversity Conservation Certification System. The tools generated will contribuite to strengthening the sectorial institutions: SERNAPESCA, SUBPESCA, INDESPA and DIRECTEMAR. Furthermore, the results of the demonstration experience in the ECMPO where indigenous issues are addressed, will contribute to the CONADI targets and to strengthening ECMPO management plans through IECB application.    Safeguarding application of the gender focus throughout the IECB DE’s, in all capacity building actions, including indigenous issues and cultural pertinence, will provide lessons that will reveal the role of women in biodiversity and ecosystem conservation; it will foster IECB application and provide knowledge for replicability and up-scaling actions.    Implementation of the ESR IECB and other instruments will provide social benefits recognized on the local, regional and national levels; as well as the contribution of models on the international level.