Justice and Accountability Programme (JAP) The action will be in line with Sustainable Development Goal 16. It is also aligned with Rwanda¿s Vision 2050. The action will contribute to Rwanda¿s priorities under the National Strategy for Transformation (NST1), Pillar 3-Transformational Governance, through the implementation of the Justice, Reconciliation, Law and Order Sector (JRLOS) Strategic Plan 2018-2024. In particular the focus will be on (i) Strenghtening Justice, Law and Order; &nbsp;(ii) Supporting peaceful reconciliation by the reintegration of prisoners and ex-perpetrators of genocide into society and (iii) Raising the voice of civil society and strengthening accountability of public service delivery towards citizens. The action will contribute to implementing the EU HRD Country Strategy for Rwanda, notably its objective regarding strengthening the respect of Human Rights, and in strengthening civil society. It will, in particular, respond to the Government¿s priorities accepted under the 2021 Universal Periodic Review at the Human Rights Council. The first component of the action will improve the professionalism and skills of the Justice sector main actors, namely the Ministry of Justice, the Judiciary, the National Prosecution Authority, the Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB), the Rwanda National Police (RNP) and the National Commission for Human Rights (NCHR). Under this component the action will improve the delivery of timely justice aiming at the reduction of the backlog of cases, modernizing the justice system, and improving access to quality justice. The action will place a strong emphasis on inclusion of the most vulnerable persons, victims of GBV and minors, particularly in rural areas. The performance of the criminal justice system will be further addressed with a Twinning component between the Police and Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) on the one hand, and EU MS counterpart bodies on the other, with the goal of reinforcing human-rights based approaches and improving their prevention, detection and investigation capacity. Support will also be dedicated to the National Commission for Human Rights (NCHR) for the promotion and protection of human rights, and in particular, to the National Preventive Mechansim to investigate human rights violations, in order to assist Rwandan authorities in implementing their international obligations and to raise awareness.The second component will focus on Reconciliation, Rehabilitation and Unity through support to Rwanda Correctional Service (RCS) and civil society. This component of the action will strengthen the provision of technical, vocational, education and training (TVET) in prisons. Such capacity building will provide a great number of prisoners and former genocide perpetrators with hands-on skills to reduce recidivism once reintegrated into their communities. The third component of the action will focus on Voice and Accountability of civil society. The approach will involve working both on the demand and supply side of accountability. Support will be directed to civil society organisations (CSOs) for strengthening their capacity to work with citizens. It will also focus on developing CSOs¿ capacity to increase justice delivery and foster accountability to citizens. The action will promote spaces for citizens, empowering them with knowledge and capacity on issues of accountability.