Inclusion of people with Disabilities in Jordan: Deinstitutionalization and Mainstreaming in Humanitarian Aid Inclusione delle persone con disabilità in Giordania: Deistituzionalizzazione e Mainstreaming in aiuto umanitario No one more than refugees with disabilities, and in particular those among Syrians refugees that are kept apart from others in camps, could be considered extra-vulnerable. Refugees with disabilities are paying the most striking consequences of the Syrian conflict, since they are likely to be cut off from the humanitarian response, especially as long as their disability is not enough taken into account in the planning and implementation of relief activities.  People with Disabilities should instead be integrated into any intervention and strategy and humanitarian aid should align with the principle of integrated programming (mainstreaming) and reach all the beneficiaries in need, especially the most vulnerable.Currently, several key humanitarian actors have shown to be very sensitive in this regard, and in some cases, has also proven a significant knowledge on disability issues. In this respect, UNHCR and Handicap International are committed to founding, supporting and coordinating the Disability Task Force (DTF), which brings together international and local NGOs as well as UN Agencies. The DTF aims at playing a leading role in mainstreaming disability in humanitarian programmes.While developing some useful operational tools and engaging regularly in meetings, the DTF has not yet had an impact on the policies and strategies of humanitarian organisations. In addition, the humanitarian response is still too focused on a medical approach, and remains very poor on human rights aspects, with almost no involvement of people with disabilities in the decision-making process.Therefore, this project proposal aims at enhancing the capacity of the main humanitarian actors and the DTF, to   mainstream disability since the very relief phase, and to involve persons with disabilities in identification, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation. It aims also at stimulating the adoption of a human rights approach and participative methods, as the Emancipatory Research).Besides that, taking into consideration the host population, and in particular the most vulnerable sections of Jordanian citizens, the extra-vulnerable persons are around 2,000 people with disabilities who are still segregated in specialized institutes. This category, along with refugees with disabilities, share isolation and marginalization.However, thanks to the new and innovative law 20/2017, in line with the CRPD, the Jordanian Government has just started a process that will not only improve the condition of all disabled jordan citizens, in a real and concrete way through different action plans, but will remove from the institutions all Disabled People. For this purpose, the National Action Plan for Deinstitutionalization will be elaborated and implemented under  the responsibility of the Ministry of Social Development (MoSD). This project proposal also aims at supporting the MoSD and the Deinstitutionalization Committee to launch the Plan’s elaboration process. The active participation of People with Disabilities will be crucial in all programme activities and a scheme consisting of training and technical assistance will be developed. In Giordania, Paese di 9,5 milioni di abitanti , il 31% della popolazione è straniera. Fra questi, la maggioranza è costituita da rifugiati. Secondo il Censimento del 2015, la Giordania ospita attualmente 1,3 milioni di siriani che vivono con maggior concentrazione nella provincia di Amman e nei due principali campi rifugiati ufficiali, Za’atari ed Azraq, che ospitano circa 116.000 persone.  Fra i rifugiati siriani registrati (circa 654.000), secondo UNHCR il 3,1% sono persone con disabilità; secondo studi paralleli realizzati da ONG  invece, circa il 30% di essi hanno bisogni speciali. Inoltre, almeno il 93% dei rifugiati siriani vive sotto il livello di povertà, avendo quindi serie difficoltà a soddisfare i bisogni primari (accesso ai servizi sanitari, alloggio, cibo).  Al contempo, i bisogni dei cittadini giordani sono cresciuti in parallelo alla competizione con la popolazione rifugiata per l’accesso alle risorse e alle difficoltà del governo di far fronte a queste esigenze, creando tensione fra le popolazioni. In questo contesto, l’isolamento e la segregazione contraddistinguono le Persone con Disabilità (PcD) ricoverate in istituti in maniera permanente in Giordania.  L’iniziativa va dunque verso la direzione di favorire un approccio globale, in linea con il documento della EU “Force displacement and development” del 2016 mirante a stimolare la realizzazione di azioni tese a favorire a protezione delle persone con disabilità e la promozione della loro autonomia in contesti di emergenza e di istituzionalizzazione, in collaborazione tra gli attori politici dello sviluppo e gli attori umanitari, per una migliore condivisione delle responsabilità e pianificazione degli interventi. Tale approccio prevede la realizzazione di azioni più efficaci e durevoli in grado di offrire alle PcD che vivono nei campi profughi una vita dignitosa, riducendo al contempo l'impatto sulle comunità di accoglienza.