Repair/upgrade of damaged shelters for  natural disaster-affected families in Paktika The 2022 Whole of Afghanistan Assessment findings indicates that 56 percent of households living in partially damaged shelters and 18 percent live in significantly damaged shelters. People living in poor shelter conditions urgently need shelter improvements, heating materials, and warm clothing before the onset of winter to reduce their exposure to health risks and other hazards. By mid-November, cases of hypothermia, acute respiratory infections, and deaths, directly and indirectly, due to the cold will likely occur. 
According to the 2022 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO), 24.4 million people, over half of the country’s total population, were in need of humanitarian assistance, of which, 10.9 million were in need of Emergency Shelter and Non-Food Items (ES/NFI) and 16.2 million were in need of protection assistance.
The proposed project aims to provide shelter support (Shelter repair and upgrade ) assistance to address the shelter needs of 565 households (3,955 participants) in Sar Rawzah, Urgun, Ziruk, Nika, Barmal, Giyan District, Paktika Province. The participants (beneficiaries) will be prioritized based on the level of need for this specific area of the intervention (vernacular room repairs average size) by the Miyamoto international assessment report on the earthquake response. The majority of the population in this area is facing shelter damaged by natural disasters which increase morbidity and mortality of vulnerable people, both directly and due to impacts on shelter, WASH, and livelihoods. Homes are often in need of repair, basic household items are lost or damaged and privacy is compromised. Considering the high cost of shelter repairs, and the already negative net income of households, reconstruction comes at a high cost that may not be affordable for most people. Most Afghan households must choose between meeting basic needs and repairing their shelters and are therefore unable to sustain any major shock that severely damages or destroys their shelter.
The chosen modality for this assistance will be through direct conditional cash transfers to the neediest 565 HHs, which will enable target participants to access USD 655 for vernacular room repair support for each project participant. Cash transfer gives people the authority over selecting local material and improves project participants' engagement and ownership and they can use manpower available in their households. The cash for vernacular repair/ upgrade will be distributed in two installments (1st installment 40%, 2nd installment 60%) after monitoring the progress of the work as per ES/NFI standards for shelter. This process is followed by a couple of capacity building (DRR, building earthquake-resistant constructions using local and low-cost materials, and BBS training) This project aligns with NAC’s current programs to add emergency assistance to existing responses in “emergency cash assistance” to ensure that families and their children have access to shelter materials to cope with the harsh winter season. NAC will ensure a gender-sensitive selection process and accessible accountability mechanisms, and the gender-balanced field team will ensure easy access by both genders. 
NAC will use Hawala over other modalities since the banking system is not established in the target settlement, communication networks are not fully functioning and some of the people do not have access to mobile phone or their residences are not under network coverage.  Based on the ES/NFI cluster guidance on shelter and Non-food Items (NFIs) assistance the value of the transfer per HH will be:
 USD. 655 Vernacular Room Repairs-Per Room (Average -15 m2