Implementation and institutionalization of a National Monitoring and Management Frameworks for Living Modified Organisms and Invasive Alien Species To strengthen institutional biosecurity frameworks in the management of living modified organisms and invasive alien species through a coordinated risk analysis measure Note: Disbursement data provided is cumulative and covers disbursement made by the project Agency. Several studies have indicated that invasive alien species have an economic impact on Production, Trade, Infrastructure Degradation and of course Costs related to invasion management. Two examples to illustrate this:1-The Lake Ossa wildlife reserve in the Littoral Region of Cameroon, which is also a large reservoir of fisheries resources, is currently threatened by an invasive specie known asSalvinia molesta.2-The Lagdo hydroelectric dam in the north of the country is currently being invaded by the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), which has a direct negative impact on the energy production of this infrastructure, as well as on the aquaculture production of this artificial water body.The second phase of the Cameroon biosecurity project aims at integrating biosecurity into the productive sectors of Cameroon. In this light, it should be noted that the project envisages to test the tools developed during the first phase on these two sites (Lake Ossa and Lagdo Dam).Furthermore, as part of the mechanical fight against these invasive species, the Government of Cameroon, based on the recommendation of the project,has ordered two boats, which will be supplied shortly. These interventions will support the government of Cameroon, in leveraging the benefits of the listed resources including fisheries and production of electricity whilst ensuring the management of the negative impacts of IAS envisaged.Furthermore, it is also known that a large number of biological invasions are caused by insects which are important crop destroyers and disease vectors. A good example is the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) which is found in all regions of Cameroon. National agronomists claim that these flies are the ultimate destroyers of peppers. Fruits are attacked in their immature state. After hatching, the fly larva develops in the fruit and drops it before it matures, being on the ground, the larva returns to the ground, develops, reaches the adult state and flies to the non-infected fruit.Another example worth mentioning are the damages caused by the tomato fruit fly (Dacus punctatifrons), considered as the major pest of tomato fruits, more precisely in southern Cameroon. This fly also attacks fruits of the Cucurbitacea family (watermelons, melons, etc.). Surveys in 1996 and 1997 showed that in the locality of Lékié (southern Cameroon), this fly was the main cause of the drop in tomato production. All these examples show the need to strengthen monitoring capacities. To this end, the project plans to equip six (06) phytosanitary control points, including the training of users of the equipment to be acquired.The project has provided examples of the potential socio economic benefits, based on the interventions, the project expects to gain quantitative data to showcase the benefits attained with he interventions.At the social level, invasive species have an indirect impact on unemployment and can increase poverty in some regions. For example, due to the presence of water hyacinth in the Lagdo hydroelectric dam andSalvinia molestain Lake Ossa, tens of thousands of fishing families have lost their livelihoods because of these invasive species. Fishing boats cannot cross the weed to reach open water.On another note, in addition to the activities planned for the adoption of the draft biosecurity law developed during the previous phase, the project intends to contribute to the development of a critical mass of human resources at the national level in terms of biosecurity, through the mainstreaming of biosecurity into the national education system. This is a guarantee of sustainability that also allows Cameroon to achieve global environmental benefits. All the project activities contribute ultimately in the conservation and protection of Cameroon’s biodiversity in compliance with the prescriptions of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and the Convention on Biological Diversity.