Sri Lanka, Waste water treatment- GPOBA - Sri Lanka, WWT - GPOBA Sri lanka, Vattenrening -GPOBA Resultbased grant for connection of poorer households to system för   wastewater treatment close to Colombo. Resultatbaserad bidrag för anslutning av fattigare hushåll för        avloppsrening när Colombo. The Sri Lanka Output-Based Aid (OBA) in the ‘Increasing Household Access to Domestic Sanitation in Greater Colombo’ was designed to address the degraded sanitary and environmental conditions of densely populated low-income settlements in the outskirts of Greater Colombo. At the time of project preparation, the geographical coverage of the sewer network in Greater Colombo was less than 50 percent of the total area, most of which were concentrated in the central area, while surrounding small towns had lower coverage ranging from 15 percent to 40 percent.
The existing wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were not adequate, and sewage flows were only screened before discharge to water bodies. There were around 100 water customers for every one sewer connection in the project area. The majority of households that were not connected to the sewerage network, both poor and non-poor, had some form of on-site sanitation (either septic tanks or pits). According to NWSDB estimate, there were about 80,000 such tanks and pits throughout the Greater Colombo area. Many of such on-site sanitation facilities were in poor condition and discharge into the environment – either directly into rivers and canals or into storm drains.
The very low rate of connection to sewers coupled with unregulated management of on-site sanitation resulted in high levels of contamination of the environment and cross contamination into the water supply system. Illegal unregulated dumping of fecal sludge into the sewer network also caused blockages and contributed to poor performance of the whole network. Australia and Sweden provided funding as donors of the Global Partnership for Results-Based Approaches (GPRBA, formerly Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid [GPOBA]). Australia, a traditional donor of island nations in Oceania, hoped to see the testing of innovative approaches to sanitation for an island nation with a promising tourism sector. For Sweden, this project was meant to enhance the development impact of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) as it was completing its support to Sri Lanka, a post-conflict nation on a path to becoming an upper-middle-income country (this status was achieved in 2019).
Sida provided a US$91 million concessional loan to the National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWSDB) to build two state-of-the-art WWTP—in Ratmalana/Moratuwa to the south of Colombo and in Ja-Ela/Ekala to the north of Colombo. Sida invited GPRBA for parallel assistance in 2006 and GPRBA provided technical assistance to design a results-based financing (RBF) project. In 2010, a grant of US$ 5.08 million for connecting 13,107 households and providing on-site sanitation to 2,300 households was committed by GPRBA.
Project Development Objectives (PDOs) was to improve sanitation services to low-income households in Greater Colombo by increasing the number of sewerage house connections to existing and new sewerage networks and improving on-site sanitation services at household level. The PDO was not changed over the project period.
Key Expected Outcomes and Outcome Indicators was designed to increase the house sewer connections and improving sanitation services in place. The three Key Outcome Indicators were: (a) number of new sewer household connections constructed under the project; (b) number of eligible low-income households provided with improved on-site systems; (c) new PPP framework for delivery of improved sanitation services in place; and (d) number of direct beneficiaries and its ratio of female.