Institutional Strengthening for Preventing HIV/AIDS in Road Construction The project would involve two PCDs: Hubei (HPCD) and Jiangxi (JPCD). Project activities would help to foster an institutional environment where an HIV/AIDS education and communication program is a regular element of all provincial construction projects (ie not just Bank financed projects), and where relevant training resources are available to effectively execute the education programs. The materials and approach will be pilot tested on two projects, one for inland waterways and one for road construction. The target beneficiaries are PCD staff, road workers, and administrative staff of construction companies and residents of villages adjacent to construction sites. Each will be addressed through appropriate intervention measures. The HPCD is currently executing the first intensive HIV worker education project in the China transport/construction sector, focusing on reducing HIV transmission risk and providing HIV treatments in the Shiman Highway Project corridor.  The JPCD has not undertaken any HIV activities whatsoever. Both the HPCD and JPCD have indicated that they are looking at this grant financed project as a pilot to be considered for replication across all their other projects if results are positive. 1.   Intervention Design This component will design the organizational structure for implementing HIV education activities, and has three activities: "   Determine Appropriate Organizational Structure and Education Provider(s) To effectively deal with HIV/AIDS it is necessary to adopt a multi-sector approach, which is consistent with the province's and the national government's HIV/AIDS strategies. The first component will review the provincial and national strategies, the organizational structures of the PCDs and other agencies active in HIV/AIDS work, and recommend the appropriate structure for addressing the problem with transport workers. In each province the project will identify stakeholders who are able to provide support and services to the PCDs in executing their HIV/AIDS strategies. This would consider both the public and private sector, including universities and other educators. The objective is to establish the practical way in which the strategies can be implemented. "   Establish HIV/AIDS Strategy For each PCD, a strategy will be developed to fully integrate HIV/AIDS activities into their construction programs. The strategy would cover three broad areas: (1) Planning; (2) Intervention; and (3) Surveillance and Monitoring. It would cover issues such as (i) who would undertake the activities (see 3. below); (ii) how they would be done; (iii) contractual issues (ie integrating the requirement into the standard contracts enabling workers to receive HIV/AIDS education); (iv) funding sources; (v) institutional changes to the PCDs, (vi) monitoring indicators, etc. The output would be a formal strategy which represents an implementable plan for the PCDs. "   Establish Educational Methods and Materials The project will establish appropriate education methodology and develop/adapt/adopt educational materials to be used in the project. At the end of this component there will be: (i) an appropriate organizational structure; (ii) an appropriate service provider; (iii) a strategy for delivering the HIV education activities; (iv) appropriate educational methods and materials. 2.    Pilot Testing of Education Programs The project would pilot test implementing the strategy with the educational materials on the Hubei Inland Waterway V project (started September 2005) and the Third Jiangxi Highway project (starting July 2006). The pilot testing would consist of having the service providers conduct baseline surveys, conduct the education programs, and conduct regular monitoring and evaluation of the results of their activities.  The effort will be aimed at four different groups of beneficiaries: PCD staff, road workers, administrative staff of construction companies and residents of villages adjacent to road construction sites. The aim is to reach 100% of PCD staff, road workers, and administrative staff of construction companies; and 90% of sexually active residents of small villages. It is anticipated that the project would run for 3 years so that the programs would be operated over most of the life of the projects. 3.   Evaluate Project Results and Develop Strategy for Replication Over the course of the project, data will be collected to monitor the outputs and outcomes of the project. The data would be used, along with the experience of delivery, to develop an approach for successfully implementing similar activities on other transport projects in China. Although the central government ministries at present do not require these education activities to be done, it is hoped that these pilots would lead to wider acceptance of the importance of these activities. To lower the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission among Provincial Communications Department (PCD) staff, construction workers, administrative staff of construction companies and residents of villages adjacent to construction sites through the development and successful piloting of a strategic intervention model that can be replicated to all provinces in China.