HO-WPS Inclusive security & private sect This global programme for the Conflict AND Fragility AND Theory of Change has been developed on the basis of eight country projects. Two themes have been identified as central to all eight projects: ensuring inclusive peace AND security and the role of private sector in conflict. For inclusive peace AND security local needs, realities, and voices are often not or insufficiently heard, recognized or considered by policy makers, both national and international. Also the implementation of existing policiesfails to address local needs, even more so the specific needs of women and marginalized groups. In Afghanistan, OPTI and Yemen, the C AND F country projects will focus on raising women#s voices and meaningful participation in peace processes and reconstruction efforts by strengthening a local to national civil society infrastructure. In Niger, Pakistan and South Sudan focus is more on the formal provision of security and stability through more inclusive conflict mitigation processes of water governance (Pakistan), security sector reform (South Sudan) or peace processes in a context of violent extremism (Niger). Projects were developed in DRC and Myanmar focusing on the role of PS in conflict at a later stage of the first year. In addition to the country work with partners, we will work with two global partners (Saferworld and Africa Security Sector Network) and four national/ global/ regional networks: WO=MEN, European Peace Liaison Office (EPLO), NGO Working Group for Women Peace and Security, and CivilSocietyPlatform for Peacebuilding and Statebuilding (CSPPS).

Oxfam Novib and SOMO aim to bridge the gap between policy and implementation on theme inclusive peace and security, prioritize bottom-up approaches and push for active involvement of local actors and civil society partners.  For the second theme on the roleof private sector in conflict, Oxfam Novib and SOMO aim to bridge the gap between standards and implementation and push for active involvement of local actors and civil society partners with multinational and national companies. Targeted outcome will be;

 On policy change:
1. Improved effective implementation of commitments made under UNSCR 1325 on inclusive peace building and reconstructionefforts in the lead up to the UN High LevelReviewof UNSCR 1325 in 2020 (Outcome indicator 1).
2. A more responsive AU, engaging with civil society, to support a more people-centred and inclusive SSR process in member states countries like South Sudan and Central African Republic (Outcome indicator 3).
3. Increased engagement between G7+, INCAF and CSPPS with PS actors through for instance public-private dialogues with greater support for the New Deal principles and more focus on peace and stability goals, especially PSG4 # building economic foundations(Outcome indicator 5).

On strengthening CS:
1. CSOs increasingly advocate for the active and meaningful participation of women and marginalised groups in security and peace processes and play an active role in support of conflict prevention and mitigation and peace building at different levels in society (Outcome indicator 2).
2. Country and regional based CSOs have enhanced interaction with the AU Peace and Security Council and are invited by this body to inform AU policy decisions and SSR strategies based on in-country analysis and expertise(Reference to outcome indicator 4).

In addition, we will facilitate the mainstreaming of conflict-sensivity in the SOMO and Oxfam Novib global and country projects most specifically with a focus on private sector to behave conflict sensitively.

The specific focus areas covered in the country projects will feed the international Oxfam campaign Rights in Crises (RiC), more specifically through the Oxfam RiC Women, Peace and Security campaign group (covering for example peace processes in Yemen) or the RiC Taskforce for Peace and Security with specific focus on state building efforts like the securitysector reform in South Sudan. In collaboration with Oxfam affiliates like Oxfam Great Britain, Canada, Ireland, as well as Oxfam International based in Brussels, Addis Ababa and New York, evidence based advocacy will target relevant international actors, like EU,UN and the African Union. Global influencing will be based on evidence collected and positions formulated at country level in closecollaboration with regional and in-country partners where effective and possible.