Scaling up the Provision of Nutrition, WASH, Health, and Social Services to Sudanese Arrivals and Host Communities in Eritrea A critical priority for UNICEF is providing lifesaving essential social services for highly vulnerable women and children (Sudanese arrivals and their host communities). WASH services (deep drilling of borewells to establish water sources for water trucking and construction of water supply systems, as well as hygiene promotion activities (including menstrual hygiene management) through direct engagement by  MoH Environmental Health and Health Promotion reaching 118,500 people host communities and new arrivals. Scaling up the provision of nutrition services for the treatment of acute malnutrition (5,122 severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 10,000 moderate acute malnutrition (MAM)) as well as prevention of new cases of malnutrition by providing blanket, supplementary feeding to 13,790 children 6 to 59 months, as well as 7,425 pregnant and lactating women in the targeted communities is another critical life-saving intervention to be supported through the CERF allocation. To address and prevent the spread of vaccine-preventable diseases, acquired population herd immunity, and prevent ongoing cross-border transmission of measles, and vaccine-derived polioviruses, there is a dire need to establish and continue vaccination for eligible Sudanese children aged 6-59 months. The 14 vaccines (Tuberculosis, Polio, Rota, Pneumonia, Cervical Cancer, Meningitis, Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Meningitis, Influenza, Hepatitis, Measles, and Rubella) to protect 14 vaccine-preventable diseases will be given to Sudanese and host community children who never started vaccination, reaching a total of 42,113 children. However, for those children who have already started before they left Sudan, only eligible doses will be given. Those who have completed all the vaccination doses, measles-rubella, and oral polio vaccines together with Vitamin A will be given to children 6-59m of age. BCG (to protect against tuberculosis), Polio (to protect against poliomyelitis) and Td (to protect against tetanus and diphtheria) will be procured through CERF grant. Other essential primary health care services will also be provided such as ante-natal care, Tetanus-Diphtheria vaccination for the pregnant, nutritional screening, vitamin-A supplementation and IMCI (Integrated, Management of Childhood Illnesses) health interventions. A total of 50,000 children 6 to 59 months will be supplemented with vitamin A.This activity aims to address the low rates of vaccination among new arrivals, many of whom have never been immunized due to the dysfunctional health system in Sudan, and will also go to members of host communities to improve herd immunity and protect them from cross-border transmission of disease.UNICEF also partners with Gavi to fund and procure other vaccines such as DTP, MR, and Men-A.The Child and Social Protection section, in partnership with the WASH, Health, and Nutrition sectors, will conduct a 3-day orientation/refresher program for 75 Social Service Workforce members (social workers and para-social workers). This training will cover child and social protection systems, including case management, referrals, violence prevention, and service delivery for vulnerable children and families. Additionally, an unconditional cash transfer program will be implemented. Key Highlights:  Orientation/Refresher Training: 75 Social Service Workforce members will receive comprehensive training. Unconditional Cash Transfers: Direct financial assistance will be provided to 988 individuals. Community Engagement: Community dialogues and sensitization activities will reach 172,163 individuals, enhancing awareness and support for social protection initiatives. Overall, the program will benefit a total of 173,226 people, improving child protection and social support services for vulnerable populations.