Resilient Pastoralism:Towards Sustainable Futures in Rangelands This project focuses on the challenges of building resilience in pastoralist communities, with reference to case study countries of Kenya & Mongolia, & to other countries in the Global South, through global pastoralist networks. Through integrating newly available remote sensing (RS) datasets, with innovative approaches & methodologies for understanding cultural dimensions, meanings & practices of resilience & evaluating barriers to research uptake & data needs of both pastoralist & policy communities, we will lay the foundations for real transformations in pastoral resilience. This is vital not only for pastoralist communities' livelihoods, but for realisation of current national economic development plans & aspirations. In order to realise our project's goals we bring together an interdisciplinary team which combines expertise in remote sensing techniques; rangeland management; socio-economics & governance of pastoralism; assessment of risk & hazard; human-environment relations in rangelands; & cultural geographies & anthropologies of pastoralism.  The wider context for this work is the importance of pastoralism as a central livelihood strategy for some 500 million people worldwide, typically in marginal dryland environments highly susceptible to climate change & who often number amongst the most vulnerable communities. Enhanced understandings of pastoral livelihoods & resilience are also central to contemporary global development priorities, as emphasised by UNEA (2016) resolution on sustainable pastoralism & by donors' positioning of contemporary pastoralism as essential to achievement of Africa 2063 as well as UN 2030 Development Agendas (FAO, 2016).  Specific challenges & issues include the lack of attention to culturally specific meanings, practices & priorities around pastoral resilience, & the linked challenge of a lack of engagement & uptake of previous research & datasets by pastoralist communities & policy-makers. There are thus marked challenges in knowledge exchange, communication & translation, which hinder local development of culturally meaningful & effective resilience & policy support for this. There is also a lack of understanding of why this is the case, in other words of what stakeholders want that is not being delivered, & how can this be addressed. Our objectives are thus i) to provide new understandings of pastoral resilience from genuinely interdisciplinary & local/indigenous perspectives; ii) to derive comparative insights into pastoral resilience across diverse countries & pastoral systems; iii) to examine & test ways to enhance relevance & uptake of datasets & outputs, including through examination of newly available remote sensing datasets & iv) through attention to cultural meanings & contexts of resilience, histories & understandings of human-nature relationships, & innovative methods, integrated with new RS datasets, to enhance understanding of barriers to & thus to enhance uptake of research data in the future, supporting positive/locally desirable dimensions of resilience. Through realisation of these objectives, our work will benefit local pastoralist communities, through enhanced understanding & provision of data & knowledge exchange to support resilience. For policymakers, donors & NGOs our work will provide clear guidance on the information needs & requirements of pastoral communities, barriers to uptake of research outputs & how these can be overcome; policymakers will also benefit from working with the project team on application of results to specific development policies & agendas pertinent to enhanced pastoral livelihoods in the future. For all beneficiaries, but especially academics, donors & NGOs implementing work on pastoral resilience, they will benefit from the new methods & interdisciplinary approaches trialled & developed during this project. The project will also make important contributions to ongoing debates across the natural & social sciences, arts & humanities. The Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) supports cutting-edge research to address challenges faced by developing countries. The fund addresses the UN sustainable development goals. It aims to maximise the impact of research and innovation to improve lives and opportunity in the developing world.