Sentence:  While the <WSD>trickle-down</WSD> mechanism is based on market optimism (in a well-functioning economy, the poor will benefit automatically from any growth), proponents of direct and indirect policies targeting the poor are market-pessimists, in which ... 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  Describing the theory that financial benefits given to the wealthy will somehow be passed down to the poor.