Sentence:  Point (1) seems to imply that one may have a false judgement because of a mismatch between different criteria for truth. For example, my sensation is paired with a <WSD>"prolepsis</WSD>" of a horse, therefore I make an assertion that ‘there is a horse', which upon further inspection may turn out to be a cow. 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  A so-called "preconception", i.e. a pre-theoretical notion which can lead to true knowledge of the world.