Sentence:  As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become <WSD>thickened</WSD> with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn't entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time. 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  To become thicker (in the sense of wider).