Sentence:  Therefore, there is evidence that <WSD>orthoselection</WSD> ("sensu" White, 1973) takes place in a karyotypic format in some lineages and particular formats in others, and could be associated with specific adaptive values that have obvious evolutionary connotations. 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  The acquisition of a "common" "series" of rearrangements within a genetic lineage.