Sentence:  All these miseries, however, are not without their remedy; when the sufferings of the natives are at their climax, the mercury will give the sure indication of a coming <WSD>pampero</WSD>, as the south-wester is called ... 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  A violent wind from the west or southwest, which sweeps over the pampas of South America and the adjacent seas, often doing great damage.