Sentence:  Research in the modern science of <WSD>Artificial Intelligence</WSD> started only in the 1950's, stimulated by the invention of modern computers. This inspired a flood of new ideas about how machines could do what only minds had done previously. 
Meaning of the word marked with <WSD> tags:  The branch of computer science dealing with the reproduction or mimicking of human-level intelligence, self-awareness, knowledge, conscience, thought in computer programs.