derhan/semantic-scholar-manajemen-proyek huggingface dataset:
Project management and action research: two sides of the same coin?
Authors: D. Whitehead
Year: 2005

PURPOSE
To put forward the, to date, unidentified viewpoint that organisational action research and project management have many shared properties--making it a useful exercise to compare and contrast them in relation to organisational management structures and strategies.


DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH
A conceptual exploration, drawing on a wide range of supporting literature, is used here.


FINDINGS
Project management represents a mainstay strategy for much of the organisational research seen in health care management--and has done for many years. More recently, the exploratory literature on project management has identified many limitations--especially when matched against "traditional" examples. Many health services have witnessed a more recent organisational management drive to seek out alternative strategies that incorporate less hierarchical and more participatory research methods. Action research certainly fits this bill and, on further examination, can be incorporated into a project management ethos and vice versa.


RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS
The views expressed here are of a theoretical construct and have not been implemented, as they are presented in this paper, in practice. The intention, however, is to do so in some of the author's future studies.


PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
If the management of health service organisations are to evolve to incorporate desirable structures that promote consumer-oriented empowerment and participation (where the consumers also include the workforce), then having a wider array of research tools at one's disposal is one way of facilitating this. Incorporating action research principles into project management approaches, or the other way round, or marrying them both to form a "hybrid" research strategy--it is argued here--represents an appropriate and representative way forward for future organisational management studies.


ORIGINALITY/VALUE
In terms of originality, this represents a conceptual piece of work that puts forward constructs that have, to date, not featured in the health care literature. Its value lies in suggesting further options for organisational-oriented health care research.
Impacts of uncertain project duration and asymmetric risk sensitivity information in project management
Authors: Kai Yang; R. Zhao; Yanfei Lan
Year: 2016

This paper investigates the impacts of uncertain project duration and asymmetric risk sensitivity information on the structure of incentive contract and profits in project management where a risk-neutral project manager (she) engages a risk-averse contractor (he) to complete a project. The project manager offers a duration-based incentive contract to the contractor to ensure that he invests his effort to shorten the project duration and reports his risk sensitivity information truthfully. Within the framework of principal-agent theory, we first develop a duration-based incentive contract model, and then derive the optimal contract mechanism by solving its equivalent optimal control problem with Pontryagin maximum principle. We show that if the contractor is highly risk averse and the project duration is highly volatile, the project manager should lower the penalty term to motivate the contractor to make duration-reduction efforts. Moreover, comparing with the symmetric information scenario, we find that the project manager distorts the penalty term for all contractor's risk types (but the lowest) downward. Our results show that the project manager is more willing to acquire the contractor's risk sensitivity information under the uncertain project duration. The results also suggest that from the project manager's perspective, it is beneficial to have better information about the contractor's risk sensitivity by using a numerical analysis.
A Novel Framework for Mixed Reality–Based Control of Collaborative Robot: Development Study
Authors: Md. Tanzil Shahria; M. S. H. Sunny; Md. Ishrak Islam Zarif; Md. Mahafuzur Rahaman Khan; Preet Parag Modi; S. Ahamed; M. H. Rahman
Year: 2022

Background Applications of robotics in daily life are becoming essential by creating new possibilities in different fields, especially in the collaborative environment. The potentials of collaborative robots are tremendous as they can work in the same workspace as humans. A framework employing a top-notch technology for collaborative robots will surely be worthwhile for further research. Objective This study aims to present the development of a novel framework for the collaborative robot using mixed reality. Methods The framework uses Unity and Unity Hub as a cross-platform gaming engine and project management tool to design the mixed reality interface and digital twin. It also uses the Windows Mixed Reality platform to show digital materials on holographic display and the Azure mixed reality services to capture and expose digital information. Eventually, it uses a holographic device (HoloLens 2) to execute the mixed reality–based collaborative system. Results A thorough experiment was conducted to validate the novel framework for mixed reality–based control of a collaborative robot. This framework was successfully applied to implement a collaborative system using a 5–degree of freedom robot (xArm-5) in a mixed reality environment. The framework was stable and worked smoothly throughout the collaborative session. Due to the distributed nature of cloud applications, there is a negligible latency between giving a command and the execution of the physical collaborative robot. Conclusions Opportunities for collaborative robots in telerehabilitation and teleoperation are vital as in any other field. The proposed framework was successfully applied in a collaborative session, and it can also be applied in other similar potential applications for robust and more promising performance.
Integrating Technical Communication Into China's Translation and Interpreting Curriculum: Course Design, Practice, and Evaluation of Two Graduate Classes
Authors: Lin Dong; Shuangyan Li
Year: 2024

Introduction: Graduates with master's degrees in Translation and Interpreting (MTI) are an important workforce in technical communication. To meet this need, we examined the pedagogy of trans-writing to better integrate technical communication (TC) into translation programs. This teaching case from two Chinese universities discusses the curriculum design, its implementation, and teaching effectiveness. Situating the case: While an increasing number of universities in China are interested in embedding TC courses into their translation programs, no research-backed effective solution has been identified. About the case: To boost the employability of MTI students, we designed the courses as “user-centered trans-writing with global content,” which features trans-writing as a strategy for global content creation, user research as the core learning task, and team projects as the primary form of engagement. Methods: We used a mixed method of interviews and surveys to investigate the course effectiveness, each targeting different groups of stakeholders. Results: We synthesized a competence framework for trans-writers based on interviews, which showed that graduates (who work as trans-writers) and their employers prioritized language/culture, user-centered mindset, and cooperation as core competencies. A survey focusing on other graduates who took our courses but did not become trans-writers also revealed positive learning outcomes, including expanded professional visions and enhanced skills in user awareness, project management, collaboration, and communication. Conclusion: The trans-writing approach is effective in equipping MTI students with the necessary competencies for global technical communication.
E-Governance in Project Management: Transforming Decision-Making and Addressing Implementation Risks
Authors: Ngoc Min-hau Liu
Year: 2024

The integration of e-governance into project management has emerged as a transformative solution for addressing modern challenges such as inefficiencies in decision-making and suboptimal resource allocation. By leveraging advanced digital tools, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and Dashboards, e-governance enhances transparency, accountability, and strategic alignment within project lifecycles. This paper explores the dual facets of e-governance—its potential benefits and its inherent risks—through a case study of prominent organizations in Dubai, namely the Dubai Police, the Road and Transport Authority (RTA), and the Dubai Health Authority (DHA). The findings highlight the significant value of integrating human expertise with advanced technologies, enabling real-time governance and improving project outcomes. Nevertheless, the challenges of system security, scalability, and cultural adaptation must be addressed for successful implementation. This research provides actionable insights for organizations transitioning toward e-governance frameworks and establishes a foundation for further exploration into its long-term implications.
Customer Satisfaction Analysis of Supervisory Consultant Construction Performance at Badung Regency Public Works and Spatial Planning
Authors: I. Nyoman; Yudha Astana; Martha Jaya; Komang Ayu; Sinta Dewi
Year: 2023

Performance to maintain competitiveness in the construction sector. Based on direct observation and preliminary interviews with the construction work directors of the Badung Regency Public Works and Spatial Planning, the realization of physical progress is not in accordance with the time schedule, lack of administrative order, and lack of understanding of administrative documents are still commonly found. These problems affect the performance of supervisory consultants, which can cause a bad impression in the future. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence the performance of supervisory consultants and how the relationship between supervisory consultant performance and customer satisfaction and the performance of supervisory consultants that needs to be improved or maintained in order to increase customer satisfaction. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to project owners involved in project implementation at the Badung Regency Public Works and Spatial Planning. The data from the distribution of questionnaires will be analyzed using factor analysis and PLS-SEM methods. Based on the analysis results with factor analysis, the factors that affect the performance of supervisory consultants are cost, quality and time control, work inspection and correction, coordination meetings and documentation, administrative preparation, understanding contract documents, and problem-solving factors. The relationship between supervisory consultant performance and customer satisfaction results in a positive and significant relationship. Efforts to increase service user satisfaction are to improve the performance of supervisory consultants by understanding contract documents, controlling time project management, pay more attention to document completeness and service quality.
Project Management Education in Online Environments: A Study of Accredited Programs in the USA
Authors: Stephen W. Volz
Year: 2016

This exploratory case study included a mixed methods approach using both qualitative and quantitative methods to review project management education programs in online environments in the United States. Accredited education programs through the Project Management Institute's Global Accreditation Center formed the basis of the research. The focus of this study was on the project management content used by online colleges and universities to teach project management to students. The findings help to provide recommendations for project management education to improve its delivery to students.
A Methodology for Establishing Multi-Model Environments in Order to Improve Organizational Software Processes
Authors: M. Muñoz; J. Mejía; Gloria Piedad Gasca Hurtado
Year: 2014

Organizational software processes improvement offers a key opportunity for organizations to be more efficient and effective. However, in most cases software process improvement initiatives in organizations become a path full of obstacles. As a consequence, organizations worldwide are adopting international standards and models in an effort to improve their software processes. Nevertheless, the difficulty of using multi-model improvement environments for the implementation of software processes improvements is well-known. In this context, effective integration of models and standards is a tool that enhances information sharing and communication. Integration can play a crucial role for the implementation of multi-model environments in order to be used as a reference model in software process improvements. This paper shows a methodology that enables organizations to establish a multi-model environment based on their business goals and on the results of a case study focused on implementing improvements in project management processes. Finally, results obtained after applying the methodology and future research line related to a platform for providing knowledge management and information sharing are included.
Project Scheduling: Improved Approach to Incorporate Uncertainty Using Bayesian Networks
Authors: V. Khodakarami; N. Fenton; M. Neil
Year: 2007

Project scheduling inevitably involves uncertainty. The basic inputs (i.e., time, cost, and resources for each activity) are not deterministic and are affected by various sources of uncertainty. Moreover, there is a causal relationship between these uncertainty sources and project parameters; this causality is not modeled in current state-of-the-art project planning techniques (such as simulation techniques). This paper introduces an approach, using Bayesian network modeling, that addresses both uncertainty and causality in project scheduling. Bayesian networks have been widely used in a range of decision-support applications, but the application to project management is novel. The model presented empowers the traditional critical path method (CPM) to handle uncertainty and also provides explanatory analysis to elicit, represent, and manage different sources of uncertainty in project planning.
Applying Deep Learning and Single Shot Detection in Construction Site Image Recognition
Authors: Li-Wei Lung; Yu-Ren Wang
Year: 2023

A construction site features an open field and complexity and relies mainly on manual labor for construction progress, quality, and field management to facilitate job site coordination and productive results. It has a tremendous impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of job site supervision. However, most job site workers take photos of the construction activities. These photos serve as aids for project management, including construction history records, quality, and schedule management. It often takes a great deal of time to process the many photos taken. Most of the time, the image data are processed passively and used only for reference, which could be better. For this, a construction activity image recognition system is proposed by incorporating image recognition through deep learning, using the powerful image extraction ability of a convolution neural network (CNN) for automatic extraction of contours, edge lines, and local features via filters, and feeding feature data to the network for training in a fully connected way. The system is effective in image recognition, which is in favor of telling minute differences. The parameters and structure of the neural network are adjusted for using a CNN. Objects like construction workers, machines, and materials are selected for a case study. A CNN is used to extract individual features for training, which improves recognizability and helps project managers make decisions regarding construction safety, job site configuration, progress control, and quality management, thus improving the efficiency of construction management.
Capabilities and Challenges of Mobile Computing in Construction Industry
Authors: Kong Sio Kah; Leonard Leong Jun Jie
Year: 2022

Mobile computing can be defined as a new term of technology, devices, and services that allow transmission of data, voice, and video in wireless systems. Although mobile computing has many advantages in the construction industry, but some of the users do not exactly know what is the true function of mobile computing that can apply to the construction industry. Consequently, the users only use their mobile computing to perform easy tasks in the construction so the application of mobile computing in the construction industry is low. Problems such as slow progress of site management, difficulty in accessing data and information, human error are due to the low or non application of mobile computing. The aim of this study is to evaluate the capabilities and challenges of mobile computing in construction industry in order to provide convenience and efficiency to the user in the construction industry. In the collection of primary data, a survey questionnaire is sent to the target respondents in the states of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor. The collected data are presented in Relative Importance Index (RII) and one sample t-test. The result shows that better project management is the most significant capability of mobile computing in construction industry, while cost of technologies and software is the most serious challenge in applying mobile computing in construction industry.
Creative Education Program of Astronomical Instrument Design and
 Observation: Development of the Small Spectrograph
Authors: Heesu Yang; Jong-Kyun Chung
Year: 2024

The abilities of system engineering and project management (PM) are essential in the development of large instrumentations in modern astronomy. We propose a novel undergraduate educational program that allows students to gain experience in system engineering and PM by making a practical small spectrograph along with its test observation. A pilot program titled "Creative Astronomical Instrument Development and Observation" was conducted in Chungnam National University, as a part of the Space Expert Training Program of Ministry of Science and ICT during the Fall semester of 2023. After five teams were organized from 24 participating students, each team manufactured a spectrograph and observed spectra of the Sun, Moon, or planets with it. The development process was guided by several reviews, and students were evaluated based on the outcomes of their development processes and documentation. Through this program, students acquired fundamental principles of systems engineering and PM, as well as optical and mechanical engineering skills.
Open knowledge interface: a digital assistant to support students in writing academic assignments
Authors: Olaf Resch; Aglika Yankova
Year: 2019

In the course of their studies, the majority of students at German universities have to write a certain number of academic assignments as an essential part of the academic training in any degree program. This work presents some initial results of our research into the design, implementation and conceptual usage of OKI (Open Knowledge Interface) – a digital assistant intended to support students in writing academic assignments. The core aspects of assistance include project management, context-sensitive help in applying scientific methods and search in open access literature. OKI is a conversational chatbot running inside Telegram-Messenger and allowing an efficient mobile usage, and thus a flexible way of organizing users’ own time and workload. The Open Knowledge Interface project is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research within the Open Access Guideline, and runs from May 2018 to October 2019. This paper therefore is an attempt to describe some initial conceptual thoughts as well as preliminary results including first user experiences and a brief outlook on future work.
Investigating Critical Success Factors for Effective Management of IT Projects
Authors: Ansar Siddique; Quadri Noorulhasan Naveed; N. Kraiem; Mohammed Aref Abdul Rasheed
Year: 2024

For information technology (IT) projects to be successful, it is imperative to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) that are essential to the IT project management process. This study aims to illuminate these CSFs by incorporating insights from professionals involved in the management of IT projects. The major contribution of this study lies in classifying these factors into different categories and quantifying their impact while taking IT project management experts’ viewpoints into account. To accomplish this, a thorough assessment of the literature was carried out, which resulted in the identification of 20 success factors that fall into five categories: project team capability, top management support, project quality, project management, and organizational process assets (OPAs). A survey covering these variables was then sent to professionals in the IT industry, and responses were obtained from five experts. The collected data was analyzed using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method, which mitigates imprecision and avoids bias in the data. The most important factor was determined to be project team capability, whereas organizational process assets were deemed to be the least significant factor. It is anticipated that the insight garnered from this study will help IT project management professionals in supporting, evaluating, and improving project success.
How do Scrum Methodologies Influence the Team's Cultural Values? A Multiple Case Study on Agile Teams in Nonsoftware Industries
Authors: Andrea S. Patrucco; Filomena Canterino; I. Minelgaite
Year: 2022

The cultural component of the project team is recognized as one of the most critical factors in the implementation of agile project management (APM), especially in nonsoftware industries, where the diffusion of APM still involves several challenges. Particularly, the successful implementation of scrum—the most diffused APM methodology—seems related to the project teams’ subculture, which may differ from the overall organizational culture of the company. This article contributes to the APM literature in nonsoftware contexts by studying the cultural values that develop inside agile teams and the scrum principles and practices that are particularly relevant for fostering these values. Using interview data collected from seven manufacturing and service organizations, we use the competing value framework as the theoretical model to understand the cultural profiles of their organizations, how they deploy into the project teams’ subculture, and what, if any, connections exist with the adoption of scrum principles and practices. We find that clan and market values are the dominant subcultures in agile teams. These cultural values are fostered at a strategic level by a subset of scrum values (i.e., courage, openness, and respect) and pillars (i.e., transparency and adaptation). At an operational level, retrospective meetings and the definition of particular artifacts also contribute to develop these dominant cultural values.