derek-thomas/squad-v1.1-t5-question-generation huggingface dataset:
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi (Arabic: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي‎ Arabic pronunciation: [muʕamar al.qaðaːfiː]; /ˈmoʊ.əmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/;  audio (help·info); c. 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi,[b] was a Libyan revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then as the "Brotherly Leader" of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, he came to rule according to his own Third International Theory before embracing Pan-Africanism and serving as Chairperson of the African Union from 2009 to 2010.

Question: When was Gaddafi born, and when did he die? Question: List Gaddafi's lifespan. Question: What was Colonel Gaddafi's date of death? Question: By what name was Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi typically known? Question: What was Gaddafi's nationality? Question: What was the official name of Libya between 1969 and 1977? Question: When did he first gain power in Libya? Question: From 1977 to 2011, what was Gaddafi's title? Question: What was Gaddafi's position when he was considered the "Brotherly Leader"? Question: When did Gaddafi rule as the "Brotherly Leader"? Question: What was Gaddifi's original political viewpoint? Question: What political philosophy did Gaddifi create? Question: What political ideology did Gaddafi create? Question: What political philosophy did  Gaddafi adhere to when he was the Chairperson of the African Union? Question: What ideology did Gaddafi adopt when he was the Chairperson of the African Union?
The son of an impoverished Bedouin goat herder, Gaddafi became involved in politics while at school in Sabha, subsequently enrolling in the Royal Military Academy, Benghazi. Founding a revolutionary cell within the military, in 1969 they seized power from the absolute monarchy of King Idris in a bloodless coup. Becoming Chairman of the governing Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), Gaddafi abolished the monarchy and proclaimed the Republic. Ruling by decree, he implemented measures to remove what he viewed as foreign imperialist influence from Libya, and strengthened ties to Arab nationalist governments. Intent on pushing Libya towards "Islamic socialism", he introduced sharia as the basis for the legal system and nationalized the oil industry, using the increased revenues to bolster the military, implement social programs and fund revolutionary militants across the world. In 1973 he initiated a "Popular Revolution" with the formation of General People's Committees (GPCs), purported to be a system of direct democracy, but retained personal control over major decisions. He outlined his Third International Theory that year, publishing these ideas in The Green Book.

Question: What was Gaddafi's ethnicity? Question: What was the profession of Gaddafi's father? Question: In what city was the Royal Military Academy located? Question: From what monarch did Gaddafi's movement take over Libya? Question: What was Gaddafi's first position in government? Question: What was the name of the governing body headed by Gaddafi after the revolution? Question: As Chairman of the RCC, list the first two things that Gaddafi accomplished. Question: When Gaddafi established his power in the government, what were his first actions? Question: What political ideology did Gaddafi want to push his country to? Question: How did Gaddafi change the legal system? Question: How did Gaddafi change the legal system? Question: How did Gaddafi use all the money that resulted from nationalizing the oil industry? Question: Describe the Popular Revolution. Question: Describe the Popular Revolution. Question: What book did Gaddafi publish that detailed his Third Internal Theory?
In 1977, Gaddafi dissolved the Republic and created a new socialist state, the Jamahiriya ("state of the masses"). Officially adopting a symbolic role in governance, he retained power as military commander-in-chief and head of the Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing and suppressing opponents. Overseeing unsuccessful border conflicts with Egypt and Chad, Gaddafi's support for foreign militants and alleged responsibility for the Lockerbie bombing led to Libya's label of "international pariah". A particularly hostile relationship developed with the United States and United Kingdom, resulting in the 1986 U.S. bombing of Libya and United Nations-imposed economic sanctions. Rejecting his earlier ideological commitments, from 1999 Gaddafi encouraged economic privatization and sought rapprochement with Western nations, also embracing Pan-Africanism and helping to establish the African Union. Amid the Arab Spring, in 2011 an anti-Gaddafist uprising led by the National Transitional Council (NTC) broke out, resulting in the Libyan Civil War. NATO intervened militarily on the side of the NTC, bringing about the government's downfall. Retreating to Sirte, Gaddafi was captured and killed by NTC militants.

Question: In what year did Gaddafi found the Jamahiriya? Question: What was Libya's socialist government called? Question: What does "Jamahiriya" mean? Question: What does the term Jamahiriya mean in English? Question: What was Gaddafi's role in jamahiriya? Question: List two reasons why Libya become an "international pariah." Question: Along with Egypt, what nation did Libya have border issues with in this era? Question: Why did Libya become an "international pariah"? Question: What terrorist bombing was Gaddafi's Libya supposedly involved in? Question: In what year did the United states bomb Libya? Question: Name two significant events in 1986 that demonstrated the world's view of Libya. Question: How did the world respond to Libya in 1986? Question: How did Gaddafi lose power? Question: How did Gaddafi lose power? Question: How did Gaddafi die?
Muammar Gaddafi was born in a tent near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outside the town of Sirte in the deserts of western Libya. His family came from a small, relatively un-influential tribal group called the Qadhadhfa, who were Arabized Berber in heritage. His father, Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, was known as Abu Meniar (died 1985), and his mother was named Aisha (died 1978); Abu Meniar earned a meager subsistence as a goat and camel herder. Nomadic Bedouins, they were illiterate and kept no birth records. As such, Gaddafi's date of birth is not known with certainty, and sources have set it in 1942 or in the spring of 1943, although biographers Blundy and Lycett noted that it could have been pre-1940. His parents' only surviving son, he had three older sisters. Gaddafi's upbringing in Bedouin culture influenced his personal tastes for the rest of his life. He repeatedly expressed a preference for the desert over the city and retreated to the desert to meditate.

Question: Describe Gaddafi's early childhood. Question: Describe Gaddafi's humble upbringing. Question: Near what town was Gaddafi's birthplace of Qasr Abu Hadi? Question: What was the name of Gaddafi's tribe? Question: When did Gaddafi's parents die? Question: Other than Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, what was Gaddafi's father called? Question: When did Gaddafi's mother die? Question: How did Gaddafi's father earn a living? Question: How did Gaddafi's father earn a living? Question: How come no one knows for sure when Gaddafi was born? Question: When was Gaddafi born? Question: How many sisters did Gaddafi have? Question: What culture did Gaddafi experience as a child? Question: How did his upbringing impact his later life preferences? Question: How did his early childhood experiences impact his later life?
From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.

Question: What country occupied Libya during World War II? Question: What nation controlled Libya as a colony when Gaddafi was a child? Question: Who battled the Italians during the North African campaign? Question: How did World War I directly impact Gaddafi's family? Question: What World War I event directly impacted Gaddafi's family? Question: Who was Gaddafi's father's father? Question: During what year did the Italians invade Libya? Question: What happened to Libya right after World War II? Question: What countries occupied Libya after World War II? Question: Along with the British, who occupied Libya at the end of the Second World War? Question: When did Libya become an independent nation? Question: When was it announced that Libya would be independent? Question: Who was the first leader of Libya? Question: What was the first type of government that Libya had? Question: When Libya first became an independent country, what form of government did it adopt?
Gaddafi's earliest education was of a religious nature, imparted by a local Islamic teacher. Subsequently moving to nearby Sirte to attend elementary school, he progressed through six grades in four years. Education in Libya was not free, but his father thought it would greatly benefit his son despite the financial strain. During the week Gaddafi slept in a mosque, and at weekends walked 20 miles to visit his parents. Bullied for being a Bedouin, he was proud of his identity and encouraged pride in other Bedouin children. From Sirte, he and his family moved to the market town of Sabha in Fezzan, south-central Libya, where his father worked as a caretaker for a tribal leader while Muammar attended secondary school, something neither parent had done. Gaddafi was popular at school; some friends made there received significant jobs in his later administration, most notably his best friend Abdul Salam Jalloud.

Question: Describe Gaddafi's first experience with education. Question: In what religion was Gaddafi educated? Question: In what town did Gaddafi first attend primary school? Question: Was Gaddafi's education free? Question: In addition to gaining an education, describe how Gaddafi managed to attend school 20 miles from his family. Question: How did Gaddafi manage to attend elementary school so far from home? Question: How did Gaddafi deal with peer pressure regarding his cultural background? Question: Why was Gaddafi made fun of in elementary school? Question: What town did Gaddafi's family move to after they left Sirte? Question: What geographical portion of Libya is Fezzan located in? Question: Describe Gaddafi's parents' educational backgrounds. Question: Were Gaddafi's parents educated? Question: When Gaddafi's family moved to Sabha, describe his educational experiences in secondary school. Question: How did his early relationships play a role later when Gaddafi  became a ruler? Question: Who was Gaddafi's closest friend in secondary school?
Gaddafi organized demonstrations and distributed posters criticizing the monarchy. In October 1961, he led a demonstration protesting Syria's secession from the United Arab Republic. During this they broke windows of a local hotel accused of serving alcohol. Catching the authorities' attention, they expelled his family from Sabha. Gaddafi moved to Misrata, there attending Misrata Secondary School. Maintaining his interest in Arab nationalist activism, he refused to join any of the banned political parties active in the city – including the Arab Nationalist Movement, the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and the Muslim Brotherhood – claiming he rejected factionalism. He read voraciously on the subjects of Nasser and the French Revolution of 1789, as well as the works of Syrian political theorist Michel Aflaq and biographies of Abraham Lincoln, Sun Yat-sen, and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

Question: Why did Gaddafi's family leave Sabha? Question: In what month and year did Gaddafi protest against Syria leaving the United Arab Republic? Question: Why did Gaddafi's family have to leave Sabha? Question: Where did Gaddafi travel to after he was kicked out of Sabha? Question: While he was in secondary school, what sort of activism did Gaddafi support? Question: Where sort of activism did Gaddafi promote while attending secondary school? Question: Along with the Ba'ath Party and Muslim Brotherhood, what group was notably banned in Misrata? Question: What political idealogy did Gaddafi not believe in? Question: What political ideology did Gaddafi reject when he attended Misrata Secondary School? Question: Of what nationality was Michel Aflaq? Question: Gaddafi was an avid reader. Name three biographies that he read. Question: List several biographies that influenced Gaddafi. Question: Along with Lincoln and Ataturk, whose biography did Gaddafi read while in Misrata?
Gaddafi briefly studied History at the University of Libya in Benghazi, before dropping out to join the military. Despite his police record, in 1963 he began training at the Royal Military Academy, Benghazi, alongside several like-minded friends from Misrata. The armed forces offered the only opportunity for upward social mobility for underprivileged Libyans, and Gaddafi recognised it as a potential instrument of political change. Under Idris, Libya's armed forces were trained by the British military; this angered Gaddafi, who viewed the British as imperialists, and accordingly he refused to learn English and was rude to the British officers, ultimately failing his exams. British trainers reported him for insubordination and abusive behaviour, stating their suspicion that he was involved in the assassination of the military academy's commander in 1963. Such reports were ignored and Gaddafi quickly progressed through the course.

Question: What subject did Gaddafi briefly study before joining the military? Question: What subject did Gaddafi study at the University of LIbya? Question: During his time in college, what did Gaddafi study? Question: Where did Gaddafi attend college for a time? Question: Why did Gaddafi drop out of college? Question: Where did Gaddafi begin his military training? Question: After Gaddafi left the University of Libya, what institution did he attend? Question: How did Gaddafi view the influence of the military? Question: What rationale did Gaddafi use for joining the military? Question: What country trained Libya's military? Question: Why didn't Gaddafi learn to speak English? Question: What did Gaddafi regard his British instructors as? Question: While the Libyan monarchy existed, who trained the Libyan army? Question: What crime did the British trainers believe Gaddafi was involved in? Question: What crime was Gaddafi suspected of being involved in during his time in the military?
The Bovington signal course's director reported that Gaddafi successfully overcame problems learning English, displaying a firm command of voice procedure. Noting that Gaddafi's favourite hobbies were reading and playing football, he thought him an "amusing officer, always cheerful, hard-working, and conscientious." Gaddafi disliked England, claiming British Army officers racially insulted him and finding it difficult adjusting to the country's culture; asserting his Arab identity in London, he walked around Piccadilly wearing traditional Libyan robes. He later related that while he travelled to England believing it more advanced than Libya, he returned home "more confident and proud of our values, ideals and social character."

Question: Where did Gaddafi's signal course take place? Question: What language did Gaddafi have difficulty learning? Question: What were Gaddafi's favorite hobbies in the military? Question: Along with reading, how did Gaddafi enjoy spending his free time? Question: How did the Bovington signal course director view Gaddafi? Question: How did the Bovington sign course director think of Gaddafi? Question: How did Gaddafi feel about the British Army officers? Question: How did Gaddafi feel about the British officers? Question: What mistreatment did Gaddafi say that British soldiers subjected him to? Question: When Gaddafi traveled to London, did he attempt to blend into the English culture? Question: When Gaddafi went to England, how did he respond to their culture? Question: In what part of London did Gaddafi wear traditional Arab garb? Question: When Gaddafi returned to Libya, how did he view his country? Question: How did Gaddafi view Libya when he returned from England?
Many teachers at Sabha were Egyptian, and for the first time Gaddafi had access to pan-Arab newspapers and radio broadcasts, most notably the Cairo-based Voice of the Arabs. Growing up, Gaddafi witnessed significant events rock the Arab world, including the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, the Suez Crisis of 1956, and the short-lived existence of the United Arab Republic between 1958 and 1961. Gaddafi admired the political changes implemented in the Arab Republic of Egypt under his hero, President Gamal Abdel Nasser. Nasser argued for Arab nationalism; the rejection of Western colonialism, neo-colonialism, and Zionism; and a transition from capitalism to socialism. Nasser's book, Philosophy of the Revolution, was a key influence on Gaddafi; outlining how to initiate a coup, it has been described as "the inspiration and blueprint of [Gaddafi's] revolution."

Question: What was the nationality of a significant number of teachers in Sabha? Question: From what city did Voice of the Arabs broadcast? Question: Name one event that occurred in the Arab world during Gaddafi 's childhood that influenced his life. Question: What notable event occurred in 1952? Question: When did the United Arab Republic end? Question: What Egyptian leader impressed Gaddafi? Question: What changes impressed Gaddafi in Egypt? Question: What political leader did Gaddafi greatly admire? Question: What political ideology did Nasser implement? Question: What book instructed Gaddafi in how to stage a coup?
Idris' government was increasingly unpopular by the latter 1960s; it had exacerbated Libya's traditional regional and tribal divisions by centralising the country's federal system in order to take advantage of the country's oil wealth, while corruption and entrenched systems of patronage were widespread throughout the oil industry. Arab nationalism was increasingly popular, and protests flared up following Egypt's 1967 defeat in the Six-Day War with Israel; allied to the western powers, Idris' administration was seen as pro-Israeli. Anti-western riots broke out in Tripoli and Benghazi, while Libyan workers shut down oil terminals in solidarity with Egypt. By 1969, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency was expecting segments of Libya's armed forces to launch a coup. Although claims have been made that they knew of Gaddafi's Free Officers Movement, they have since claimed ignorance, stating that they were monitoring Abdul Aziz Shalhi's Black Boots revolutionary group.

Question: What was happening to Idris' government in the 1960s? Question: What sort of problems did the oil industry experience in Libya? Question: What industry greatly impacted the downfall of Idris's government? Question: What country won the Six-Day War? Question: In what cities did protests against westerners flare up in 1967? Question: What did the Libyan workers do to show their support of Egypt? Question: On what country's behalf were the 1967 protests taking place? Question: In what year did the CIA begin to expect a military coup in Libya? Question: Did the CIA confirm knowledge of Gaddafi's upcoming coup?: Question: What revolutionary organization was led by Abdul Aziz Shalhi?
In mid-1969, Idris travelled abroad to spend the summer in Turkey and Greece. Gaddafi's Free Officers recognized this as their chance to overthrow the monarchy, initiating "Operation Jerusalem". On 1 September, they occupied airports, police depots, radio stations and government offices in Tripoli and Benghazi. Gaddafi took control of the Berka barracks in Benghazi, while Omar Meheisha occupied Tripoli barracks and Jalloud seized the city's anti-aircraft batteries. Khweldi Hameidi was sent to arrest crown prince Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi, and force him to relinquish his claim to the throne. They met no serious resistance, and wielded little violence against the monarchists.

Question: When did Gaddafi decide to stage his coup? Question: What countries did Idris visit in the summer of 1969? Question: What was Gaddafi's coup called? Question: What was the code name for Gaddafi's coup against the monarchy? Question: What did Gaddafi seize during the coup? Question: What leader's forces occupied the barracks in Tripoli? Question: What revolutionary leader took control of the anti-aircraft equipment in Tripoli? Question: Who arrested Sayyid Hasan ar-Rida al-Mahdi as-Sanussi? Question: What did Hameidi do during the coup? Question: When Gaddafi staged his coup, did he need to use a great show of violence?
Having removed the monarchical government, Gaddafi proclaimed the foundation of the Libyan Arab Republic. Addressing the populace by radio, he proclaimed an end to the "reactionary and corrupt" regime, "the stench of which has sickened and horrified us all." Due to the coup's bloodless nature, it was initially labelled the "White Revolution", although was later renamed the "One September Revolution" after the date on which it occurred. Gaddafi insisted that the Free Officers' coup represented a revolution, marking the start of widespread change in the socio-economic and political nature of Libya. He proclaimed that the revolution meant "freedom, socialism, and unity", and over the coming years implemented measures to achieve this.

Question: What was the name of the government Gaddafi set up after overthrowing the monarchy? Question: How did Gaddafi announced his leadership?: Question: How did Gaddafi characterize the monarchy in his radio address? Question: List the two names of Gaddafi's coup. Question: What was the Libyan coup called at first? Question: What was the Libyan coup later called, when it was renamed for the day it took place? Question: What was the name of the revolutionary group led by Gaddafi? Question: What did Gaddafi insist that the coup be referred to as? Question: What did Gaddafi tell the people that the revolution represented?
Although theoretically a collegial body operating through consensus building, Gaddafi dominated the RCC, although some of the others attempted to constrain what they saw as his excesses. Gaddafi remained the government's public face, with the identities of the other RCC members only being publicly revealed on 10 January 1970. All young men from (typically rural) working and middle-class backgrounds, none had university degrees; in this way they were distinct from the wealthy, highly educated conservatives who previously governed the country.

Question: Did everyone endorse Gaddafi? Question: Whose face was most closely associated with Libya's new government? Question: On what date were the members of the RCC announced? Question: How did Gaddafi staff the RCC members? Question: What was the general age group of the members of the RCC? Question: What was the sex of all the members of the RCC? Question: Along with the working class, what was the class background of RCC members? Question: How many members of the RCC had graduated from university? Question: Why did Gaddafi select these men as RCC members?