derek-thomas/squad-v1.1-t5-question-generation huggingface dataset:
Beginning roughly in the 14th century in Florence, and later spreading through Europe with the development of the printing press, a Renaissance of knowledge challenged traditional doctrines in science and theology, with the Arabic texts and thought bringing about rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman knowledge.

Question: When was the start of the period known as the Renaissance? Question: In what city did the Renaissance begin? Question: What areas of knowledge were subject to much debate during the Renaissance? Question: The encounter with Arabic knowledge put Renaissance thinkers back in touch with the teachings of which ancient civilizations?
The Reconquista of Portugal and Spain led to a series of oceanic explorations resulting in the Age of Discovery that established direct links with Africa, the Americas, and Asia, while religious wars continued to be fought in Europe, which ended in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia. The Spanish crown maintained its hegemony in Europe and was the leading power on the continent until the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees, which ended a conflict between Spain and France that had begun during the Thirty Years' War. An unprecedented series of major wars and political revolutions took place around Europe and indeed the world in the period between 1610 and 1700. Observers at the time, and many historians since, have argued that wars caused the revolutions. Galileo Galilei, invented the telescope and the thermometer which allowed him to observe and describe the solar system. Leonardo da Vinci painted the most famous work in the world. Guglielmo Marconi invented the radio.

Question: Which countries initiated the Age of Exploration following the Reconquista? Question: When did religious conflict end in Europe? Question: Between which two nations was the Treaty of the Pyrenees signed? Question: Which scientist developed a means of viewing space? Question: Who was responsible for creating the first radio?
European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, producing the Columbian Exchange. The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.

Question: What resulted from Europe's exploration of the New World? Question: What institution of mercantilism was established with New World colonies? Question: Aside from the activities of colonies, what other event fostered the transition from agriculture to manufacturing? Question: What replaced agriculture as the focus of European economy with the establishment of overseas colonies?
The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. Italy unified into a nation state. The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power. Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire.

Question: When were there many struggles for independence or overthrowing prevailing governments? Question: From whom did Balkan states start retaking their independence? Question: In what year was Rome conquered? Question: What phrase is used to describe the period marked by competition for extant lands?
The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was precipitated by the rise of nationalism in Southeastern Europe as the Great Powers took up sides. The Allies defeated the Central Powers in 1918. During the Paris Peace Conference the Big Four imposed their terms in a series of treaties, especially the Treaty of Versailles.

Question: In what year did World War I begin? Question: When did a victor emerge in World War I? Question: At what event did the major Allied powers assert their conditions at the end of the war?
The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War. Following the Allied victory in the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. The countries in Southeastern Europe were dominated by the Soviet Union and became communist states. The major non-communist Southern European countries joined a US-led military alliance (NATO) and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined the military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact and the economic bloc called Comecon. Yugoslavia was neutal.

Question: Which group took control in 1933? Question: Who led the Nazis? Question: Who was the leader of Italy when World War II started? Question: Which country did Hitler align Germany with? Question: What was the military partnership between countries aligned with the Soviet Union called?
Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013).

Question: What does EU stand for? Question: What was the European Union tasked with managing? Question: When did communism fall in allies of the Soviet Union? Question: When did the USSR dissolve? Question: In what year was Croatia admitted to the European Union?
The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.

Question: What is the most common group of languages spoken in Mediterranean Europe? Question: What are the three main areas of southern Europe where Italian speakers can be found? Question: How many people in Spain and Gibraltar are Spanish speakers? Question: Where can people who speak Catalan be found? Question: What language is spoken in northwest Spain?
The Hellenic languages or Greek language are widely spoken in Greece and in the Greek part of Cyprus. Additionally, other varieties of Greek are spoken in small communities in parts of other European counties.

Question: What is another term for Greek? Question: Outside of Greece itself, in what other nation is Greek a major language?
Several South Slavic languages are spoken by millions of people in Southern Europe. Serbian is spoken in Serbia, Bosnia, and Croatia; Bulgarian is spoken in Bulgaria; Croatian is spoken in Croatia and Bosnia; Bosnian is spoken in Bosnia; Slovene is spoken in Slovenia; and Macedonian is spoken in Macedonia.

Question: What do people speak in Bulgaria? Question: Slovene is a major language in what country? Question: What language is used in Macedonia?
English is used as a second language in parts of Southern Europe. As a primary language, however, English has only a small presence in Southern Europe, only in Gibraltar (alongside Spanish) and Malta (secondary to Maltese).

Question: What is considered a de facto second language in Mediterranean Europe? Question: Besides English, what other language is spoken in Gibraltar? Question: Besides English, what other language is spoken in Malta?
There are other language groupings in Southern Europe. Albanian is spoken in Albania, Kosovo, Macedoonia, and parts of Greece. Maltese is a Semitic language that is the official language of Malta. The Basque language is spoken in the Basque Country, a region in northern Spain and southwestern France.

Question: What language can be found used in Kosovo and Albania? Question: What type of language is Maltese? Question: Where is Basque Country located?
The predominant religion is southern Europe is Christianity. Christianity spread throughout Southern Europe during the Roman Empire, and Christianity was adopted as the official religion of the Roman Empire in the year 380 AD. Due to the historical break of the Christian Church into the western half based in Rome and the eastern half based in Constantinople, different branches of Christianity are prodominent in different parts of Europe. Christians in the western half of Southern Europe — e.g., Portugal, Spain, Italy — are generally Roman Catholic. Christians in the eastern half of Southern Europe — e.g., Greece, Macedonia — are generally Greek Orthodox.

Question: What is the main faith practiced in southern Europe? Question: When did the Romans make Christianity their official religion? Question: What denomination of Christianity is common in the western part of southern Europe? Question: Which denomination of Christianity is more common in the eastern part of Mediterranean Europe?
For its official works and publications, the United Nations Organization groups countries under a classification of regions. The assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories by the United Nations. Southern Europe, as grouped for statistical convenience by the United Nations (the sub-regions according to the UN), includes following countries and territories:

Question: What term is used by the UNO to divide groups of nations? Question: What is the reason for the UNO's division into regions? Question: What smaller unit makes up the southern Europe region?
European Travel Commission divides the European region on the basis of Tourism Decision Metrics (TDM) model. Countries which belong to the Southern/Mediterranean Europe are:

Question: Which group uses TDM as a metric? Question: What does TDM stand for?
BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation. The corporation, which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a Royal charter since 1927, has produced television programmes from its own since 1932, although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936.

Question: What is the acronym for British Broadcasting Corporation? Question: In what country is the BBC headquartered? Question: Under what auspices does the BBC exist? Question: When did the BBC start creating its own programming? Question: On what date did the BBC being its regular TV broadcasts?
The domestic TV BBC television channels are broadcast without any commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30% of all UK viewing. The services are funded by a television licence.

Question: What percentage of viewership across the UK is constituted by the BBC?
The BBC operates several television networks, television stations (although there is generally very little distinction between the two terms in the UK), and related programming services in the United Kingdom. As well as being a broadcaster, the corporation also produces a large number of its own programmes in-house, thereby ranking as one of the world's largest television production companies.

Question: As a result of shows that the BBC itself creates, it is one of the biggest what?
Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird. This system used a vertically-scanned image of 30 lines – just enough resolution for a close-up of one person, and with a bandwidth low enough to use existing radio transmitters. Simultaneous transmission of sound and picture was achieved on 30 March 1930, by using the BBC's new twin transmitter at Brookmans Park. By late 1930, 30 minutes of morning programmes were broadcast Monday to Friday, and 30 minutes at midnight on Tuesdays and Fridays, after BBC radio went off the air. Baird broadcasts via the BBC continued until June 1932.

Question: On what date was the first TV show seen in the UK? Question: How many lines made up the picture on Britain's earliest TV broadcasts? Question: From where was the first TV show in the UK broadcasted? Question: When were both audio and video first broadcasted at the same time? Question: When did Baird cease showing its programs on BBC?
The BBC began its own regular television programming from the basement of Broadcasting House, London, on 22 August 1932. The studio moved to larger quarters in 16 Portland Place, London, in February 1934, and continued broadcasting the 30-line images, carried by telephone line to the medium wave transmitter at Brookmans Park, until 11 September 1935, by which time advances in all-electronic television systems made the electromechanical broadcasts obsolete.

Question: Where was the BBC's first studio located? Question: Where was the BBC's second studio located? Question: When did the BBC first change studios? Question: What was the medium that brought the BBC's signal to the transmitter? Question: What term characterizes the type of broadcast made by the BBC prior to late 1935?
After a series of test transmissions and special broadcasts that began in August, regular BBC television broadcasts officially resumed on 1 October 1936, from a converted wing of Alexandra Palace in London, which housed two studios, various scenery stores, make-up areas, dressing rooms, offices, and the transmitter itself, now broadcasting on the VHF band. BBC television initially used two systems, on alternate weeks: the 240-line Baird intermediate film system and the 405-line Marconi-EMI system, each making the BBC the world's first regular high-definition television service, broadcasting Monday to Saturday from 15:00 to 16:00 and 21:00 to 22:00.

Question: Where did the BBC continue broadcasting from in October of 1936? Question: What frequency band was used by the BBC starting in 1936? Question: How many lines did the Baird transmission contain? Question: How many lines did the Marconi-EMI transmission contain? Question: On what days did the BBC provide regular broadcasts?
The two systems were to run on a trial basis for six months; early television sets supported both resolutions. However, the Baird system, which used a mechanical camera for filmed programming and Farnsworth image dissector cameras for live programming, proved too cumbersome and visually inferior, and ended with closedown (at 22:00) on Saturday 13 February 1937.

Question: For how long did the BBC alternate different broadcasting systems? Question: What kind of camera was used to broadcast live shows under the Baird system? Question: When was the Baird system officially abandoned?
Initially, the station's range was officially a 40 kilometres radius of the Alexandra Palace transmitter—in practice, however, transmissions could be picked up a good deal further away, and on one occasion in 1938 were picked up by engineers at RCA in New York, who were experimenting with a British television set.

Question: How far from its studio could the BBC's broadcast originally reach? Question: In what year were BBC broadcasts seen in the United States? Question: What company did the U.S. engineers who saw the BBC broadcast work for? Question: What did the RCA employees use in order to receive the BBC signal?
Mechanically scanned, 30-line television broadcasts by John Logie Baird began in 1929, using the BBC transmitter in London, and by 1930 a regular schedule of programmes was transmitted from the BBC antenna in Brookmans Park. Television production was switched from Baird's company to what is now known as BBC One on 2 August 1932, and continued until September 1935. Regularly scheduled electronically scanned television began from Alexandra Palace in London on 2 November 1936, to just a few hundred viewers in the immediate area. The first programme broadcast – and thus the first ever, on a dedicated TV channel – was "Opening of the BBC Television Service" at 15:00. The first major outside broadcast was the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in May 1937. The service was reaching an estimated 25,000–40,000 homes before the outbreak of World War II which caused the service to be suspended in September 1939. The VHF broadcasts would have provided an ideal radio beacon for German bombers homing in on London, and the engineers and technicians of the service would be needed for the war effort, in particular the radar programme.

Question: Where was the BBC's transmitter located in 1930? Question: When did the BBC start broadcasting under the name BBC One? Question: What was the title of the first show seen on the BBC? Question: Which members of British royalty were seen on the BBC in May of 1937? Question: When did the BBC cease broadcasts due to World War II?
On 1 September 1939, two days before Britain declared war on Germany, the station was taken off air with little warning; the government was concerned that the VHF transmissions would act as a beacon to enemy aircraft homing in on London. Also, many of the television service's technical staff and engineers would be needed for the war effort, in particular on the radar programme. The last programme transmitted was a Mickey Mouse cartoon, Mickey's Gala Premier (1933), which was followed by test transmissions; this account refuted the popular memory according to which broadcasting was suspended before the end of the cartoon.

Question: What did the British fear could provide guidance to the German air force? Question: What part of the military did many people working for the BBC end up serving in? Question: What was the final thing shown on the BBC before it was shut down for the war? Question: When did most people mistakenly remember the last broadcast as having ended?
According to figures from Britain's Radio Manufacturers Association, 18,999 television sets had been manufactured from 1936 to September 1939, when production was halted by the war.

Question: How many TVs were made between 1936 and the start of the war in 1939?
BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later.[unreliable source?] Alexandra Palace was the home base of the channel until the early 1950s when the majority of production moved into the newly acquired Lime Grove Studios.[original research?]

Question: On what date did BBC return to the air after World War II? Question: Who was the first person to speak on BBC when it was turned back on following World War II? Question: What character was featured in the cartoon aired the day BBC broadcasting was restored? Question: In the decade following the war, where did a large portion of the BBC move to?
Postwar broadcast coverage was extended to Birmingham in 1949 with the opening of the Sutton Coldfield transmitting station, and by the mid-1950s most of the country was covered, transmitting a 405-line interlaced image on VHF.[original research?]

Question: What city received BBC signals starting in 1949? Question: Which facility brought the BBC's transmissions to Birmingham? Question: What kind of image was broadcasted by the BBC by the mid-'50s? Question: On what frequency band was the BBC broadcasting in thie 1950s?
Television transmissions resumed from Alexandra Palace in 1946. The BBC Television Service (renamed "BBC tv" in 1960) showed popular programming, including drama, comedies, documentaries, game shows, and soap operas, covering a wide range of genres and regularly competed with ITV to become the channel with the highest ratings for that week. The channel also introduced the science fiction show Doctor Who on 23 November 1963 - at 17:16 - which went on to become one of Britain's most iconic and beloved television programmes.

Question: Where did the BBC broadcast from following World War II? Question: What was the name of the BBC changed to in 1960? Question: What was the BBC's main competitor? Question: What program debuted on November 23, 1963?
BBC TV was renamed BBC1 in 1964, after the launch of BBC2 (now BBC Two), the third television station (ITV was the second) for the UK; its remit, to provide more niche programming. The channel was due to launch on 20 April 1964, but was put off the air by a massive power failure that affected much of London, caused by a fire at Battersea Power Station. A videotape made on the opening night was rediscovered in 2003 by a BBC technician. In the end the launch went ahead the following night, hosted by Denis Tuohy holding a candle. BBC2 was the first British channel to use UHF and 625-line pictures, giving higher definition than the existing VHF 405-line system.

Question: What was the third network started in the UK? Question: What was the first station launched after the original BBC? Question: What prevented BBC2 from broadcasting on its scheduled launch date? Question: Where was the cause of the power outage? Question: Who served as MC for the first BBC2 broadcast?
On 1 July 1967, BBC Two became the first television channel in Europe to broadcast regularly in colour, using the West German PAL system that is still in use today although being gradually superseded by digital systems. (BBC One and ITV began 625-line colour broadcasts simultaneously on 15 November 1969). Unlike other terrestrial channels, BBC Two does not have soap opera or standard news programming, but a range of programmes intended to be eclectic and diverse (although if a programme has high audience ratings it is often eventually repositioned to BBC One). The different remit of BBC2 allowed its first controller, Sir David Attenborough to commission the first heavyweight documentaries and documentary series such as Civilisation, The Ascent of Man and Horizon.

Question: What was the first station to show programs in color? Question: When did the other two major British stations start color programming? Question: What types of programs were not shown on BBC Two? Question: Who was the first controller of BBC2? Question: What kinds of programs did Attenborough favor?
In 1967 Tom and Jerry cartoons first aired on BBC One, with around 2 episodes shown every evening at 17:00, with occasional morning showings on CBBC. The BBC stopped airing the famous cartoon duo in 2000.

Question: When was the first broadcast of Tom and Jerry on BBC One? Question: How many episodes of Tom and Jerry were shown in the evenings? Question: On what channel was Tom and Jerry sometimes shown in the mornings? Question: When was the final broadcast of Tom and Jerry?
David Attenborough was later granted sabbatical leave from his job as Controller to work with the BBC Natural History Unit which had existed since the 1950s. This unit is now famed throughout the world for producing high quality programmes with Attenborough such as Life on Earth, The Private Life of Plants, The Blue Planet, The Life of Mammals, Planet Earth and Frozen Planet.

Question: Which group did David Attenborough join while on sabbatical? Question: When did the BBC Natural History Unit come into existence? Question: What are some shows that Attenborough created with the BBC Natural History Unit?