derek-thomas/squad-v1.1-t5-question-generation huggingface dataset:
After the formal end of Reconstruction, the struggle over power in Southern society continued. Through violence and intimidation against freedmen and their allies, White Democrats regained political power in Tennessee and other states across the South in the late 1870s and 1880s. Over the next decade, the state legislature passed increasingly restrictive laws to control African Americans. In 1889 the General Assembly passed four laws described as electoral reform, with the cumulative effect of essentially disfranchising most African Americans in rural areas and small towns, as well as many poor Whites. Legislation included implementation of a poll tax, timing of registration, and recording requirements. Tens of thousands of taxpaying citizens were without representation for decades into the 20th century. Disfranchising legislation accompanied Jim Crow laws passed in the late 19th century, which imposed segregation in the state. In 1900, African Americans made up nearly 24% of the state's population, and numbered 480,430 citizens who lived mostly in the central and western parts of the state.

Question: Who were targeted by restrictive laws passed in Southern states at the end of the 19th century? Question: In which year did the Tennessee General Assembly pass electoral reform laws that disenfranchised most African Americans in the state? Question: Who besides African Americans were victims of Tennessee's late-19th century electoral reform? Question: What is the name for laws dating from the late-19th century which promoted segregation? Question: Approximately how many African Americans lived in Tennessee in 1900?
In 2002, businessman Phil Bredesen was elected as the 48th governor. Also in 2002, Tennessee amended the state constitution to allow for the establishment of a lottery. Tennessee's Bob Corker was the only freshman Republican elected to the United States Senate in the 2006 midterm elections. The state constitution was amended to reject same-sex marriage. In January 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican elected as Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction, as a result of the realignment of the Democratic and Republican parties in the South since the late 20th century, with Republicans now elected by conservative voters, who previously had supported Democrats.

Question: Who was elected governor of Tennessee in 2002? Question: Which Tennessee Senator was the only Republican first-time Senator elected in 2006? Question: Who was the first Republican Speaker of the Tennessee state senate since Democrats took control in the Reconstruction era? Question: Which political party did the majority of conservative Tennessee voters support in the early 20th century?
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2015, Tennessee had an estimated population of 6,600,299, which is an increase of 50,947, from the prior year and an increase of 254,194, or 4.01%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 142,266 people (that is 493,881 births minus 351,615 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 219,551 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 59,385 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 160,166 people. Twenty percent of Tennesseans were born outside the South in 2008, compared to a figure of 13.5% in 1990.

Question: What was Tennessee's estimated population in 2015? Question: What percentage population increase did Tennessee experience between 2010 and 2015? Question: How much of Tennessee's population increase between 2010 and 2015 was due to migration? Question: What net population increase during Tennessee's last two US Census reports was due to immigration from outside the country? Question: In 2008, what percentage of Tennessee residents were born outside the South?
In 2000, the five most common self-reported ethnic groups in the state were: American (17.3%), African American (13.0%), Irish (9.3%), English (9.1%), and German (8.3%). Most Tennesseans who self-identify as having American ancestry are of English and Scotch-Irish ancestry. An estimated 21–24% of Tennesseans are of predominantly English ancestry. In the 1980 census 1,435,147 Tennesseans claimed "English" or "mostly English" ancestry out of a state population of 3,221,354 making them 45% of the state at the time.

Question: What was Tennessee's most common self-reported ethnic group in 2000? Question: What percent of Tennessee residents self-reported their ethnic group as Irish in 2000? Question: Which European ancestries are most common among self-identified ethnic "Americans" in Tennessee? Question: What European national ancestry was claimed by 45% of Tennessee residents in 1980? Question: What was Tennessee's population in 1980?
Tennessee is home to several Protestant denominations, such as the National Baptist Convention (headquartered in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (both headquartered in Memphis); the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy (both headquartered in Cleveland). The Free Will Baptist denomination is headquartered in Antioch; its main Bible college is in Nashville. The Southern Baptist Convention maintains its general headquarters in Nashville. Publishing houses of several denominations are located in Nashville.

Question: Which Protestant denomination has its headquarters in Nashville, TN? Question: Which two major Protestant denominations are based in Memphis? Question: Which Tennessee city contains the headquarters of the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy? Question: The principle Bible college of the Free Will Baptists is located in which Tennessee city?
Major outputs for the state include textiles, cotton, cattle, and electrical power. Tennessee has over 82,000 farms, roughly 59 percent of which accommodate beef cattle. Although cotton was an early crop in Tennessee, large-scale cultivation of the fiber did not begin until the 1820s with the opening of the land between the Tennessee and Mississippi Rivers. The upper wedge of the Mississippi Delta extends into southwestern Tennessee, and it was in this fertile section that cotton took hold. Soybeans are also heavily planted in West Tennessee, focusing on the northwest corner of the state.

Question: Roughly how many farms are located in Tennesee? Question: Which livestock is the major focus of Tennessee agriculture? Question: When did cotton first become a large-scale agricultural product in Tennessee? Question: Which river landform partly in Tennessee provided the most fertile land for cotton production?
Major corporations with headquarters in Tennessee include FedEx, AutoZone and International Paper, all based in Memphis; Pilot Corporation and Regal Entertainment Group, based in Knoxville; Eastman Chemical Company, based in Kingsport; the North American headquarters of Nissan Motor Company, based in Franklin; Hospital Corporation of America and Caterpillar Financial, based in Nashville; and Unum, based in Chattanooga. Tennessee is also the location of the Volkswagen factory in Chattanooga, a $2 billion polysilicon production facility by Wacker Chemie in Bradley County, and a $1.2 billion polysilicon production facility by Hemlock Semiconductor in Clarksville.

Question: Which major global shipping company is based in Memphis? Question: Where in Tennessee is the headquarters of International Paper? Question: Where is Nissan Motor Company's headquarters in the United States? Question: Which company has a $2 billion production plant in Bradley County? Question: Hemlock Semiconductor produces electronic components in which Tennessee city?
The Tennessee income tax does not apply to salaries and wages, but most income from stock, bonds and notes receivable is taxable. All taxable dividends and interest which exceed the $1,250 single exemption or the $2,500 joint exemption are taxable at the rate of 6%. The state's sales and use tax rate for most items is 7%. Food is taxed at a lower rate of 5.25%, but candy, dietary supplements and prepared food are taxed at the full 7% rate. Local sales taxes are collected in most jurisdictions, at rates varying from 1.5% to 2.75%, bringing the total sales tax to between 8.5% and 9.75%, one of the highest levels in the nation. Intangible property is assessed on the shares of stock of stockholders of any loan company, investment company, insurance company or for-profit cemetery companies. The assessment ratio is 40% of the value multiplied by the tax rate for the jurisdiction. Tennessee imposes an inheritance tax on decedents' estates that exceed maximum single exemption limits ($1,000,000 for deaths in 2006 and thereafter).

Question: What types of income are exempt from Tennessee state income tax? Question: At what rate is Tennessee state sales and use tax usually applied? Question: What is the sales tax on foodstuffs in Tennessee? Question: Which edible items are taxed at the higher non-food sales and use tax rate in Tennessee? Question: Above which amount is inheritance tax applied in Tennessee?
Tourism contributes billions of dollars each year to the state's economy and Tennessee is ranked among the Top 10 destinations in the US. In 2014 a record 100 million people visited the state resulting in $17.7 billion in tourism related spending within the state, an increase of 6.3% over 2013; tax revenue from tourism equaled $1.5 billion. Each county in Tennessee saw at least $1 million from tourism while 19 counties received at least $100 million (Davidson, Shelby, and Sevier counties were the top three). Tourism-generated jobs for the state reached 152,900, a 2.8% increase. International travelers to Tennessee accounted for $533 million in spending.

Question: In which year did Tennessee tourism first exceed 100 million visitors? Question: How many billions of dollars were spend by tourists in Tennessee in 2014? Question: How much tax revenue did tourism generate for Tennessee in 2014? Question: In 2014, which three Tennessee counties took in the most money from tourism? Question: What was the percentage increase in Tennessee's tourism-based jobs in 2014?
In 2013 tourism within the state from local citizens accounted for 39.9% of tourists, the second highest originating location for tourists to Tennessee is the state of Georgia, accounting for 8.4% of tourists.:17 Forty-four percent of stays in the state were "day trips", 25% stayed one night, 15% stayed two nights, and 11% stayed 4 or more nights. The average stay was 2.16 nights, compared to 2.03 nights for the US as a whole.:40 The average person spent $118 per day: 29% on transportation, 24% on food, 17% on accommodation, and 28% on shopping and entertainment.:44

Question: In which state do the greatest percentage of Tennessee tourists reside? Question: Which other state sent Tennessee the most tourists in 2013? Question: What percentage of out-of-state tourists stayed in Tennessee for four or more nights? Question: What average daily amount did a tourist spend in Tennessee in 2013? Question: What percentage of Tennessee tourists daily spending in 2013 went toward accommodation?
Interstate 40 crosses the state in a west-east orientation. Its branch interstate highways include I-240 in Memphis; I-440 in Nashville; I-140 from Knoxville to Alcoa and I-640 in Knoxville. I-26, although technically an east-west interstate, runs from the North Carolina border below Johnson City to its terminus at Kingsport. I-24 is an east-west interstate that runs cross-state from Chattanooga to Clarksville. In a north-south orientation are highways I-55, I-65, I-75, and I-81. Interstate 65 crosses the state through Nashville, while Interstate 75 serves Chattanooga and Knoxville and Interstate 55 serves Memphis. Interstate 81 enters the state at Bristol and terminates at its junction with I-40 near Dandridge. I-155 is a branch highway from I-55. The only spur highway of I-75 in Tennessee is I-275, which is in Knoxville. When completed, I-69 will travel through the western part of the state, from South Fulton to Memphis. A branch interstate, I-269 also exists from Millington to Collierville.

Question: Which city is the endpoint of I-26? Question: I-24 connects which two Tennessee cities? Question: Which interstate highway running north-south passes through Memphis? Question: Which interstate ends at a junction close to Dandridge, Tennessee? Question: What Tennessee cities are connected by I-269?
Tennessee politics, like that of most U.S. states, are dominated by the Republican and the Democratic parties. Historian Dewey W. Grantham traces divisions in the state to the period of the American Civil War: for decades afterward, the eastern third of the state was Republican and the western two thirds voted Democrat. This division was related to the state's pattern of farming, plantations and slaveholding. The eastern section was made up of yeoman farmers, but Middle and West Tennessee cultivated crops, such as tobacco and cotton, that were dependent on the use of slave labor. These areas became defined as Democratic after the war.

Question: Which are the two main parties in Tennessee politics? Question: Which part of Tennessee voted more Republican in the years following the Civil War? Question: What type of farmers inhabited eastern Tennessee in the late 19th century? Question: Which crops grown in West Tennessee had required a great deal of slave labor?
During Reconstruction, freedmen and former free people of color were granted the right to vote; most joined the Republican Party. Numerous African Americans were elected to local offices, and some to state office. Following Reconstruction, Tennessee continued to have competitive party politics. But in the 1880s, the white-dominated state government passed four laws, the last of which imposed a poll tax requirement for voter registration. These served to disenfranchise most African Americans, and their power in the Republican Party, the state, and cities where they had significant population was markedly reduced. In 1900 African Americans comprised 23.8 percent of the state's population, concentrated in Middle and West Tennessee. In the early 1900s, the state legislature approved a form of commission government for cities based on at-large voting for a few positions on a Board of Commission; several adopted this as another means to limit African-American political participation. In 1913 the state legislature enacted a bill enabling cities to adopt this structure without legislative approval.

Question: Which party did most former slaves join when they were given the right to vote after the Civil War? Question: In which decade did the Tennessee legislature institute a poll tax? Question: Which party declined in Tennessee politics following voting reform legislation during Reconstruction? Question: What percentage of the Tennessee population was African-American in 1900? Question: In 1913, the Tennessee state legislature made which organizational structure the default form of city government in the state?
After disenfranchisement of blacks, the GOP in Tennessee was historically a sectional party supported by whites only in the eastern part of the state. In the 20th century, except for two nationwide Republican landslides of the 1920s (in 1920, when Tennessee narrowly supported Warren G. Harding over Ohio Governor James Cox, and in 1928, when it more decisively voted for Herbert Hoover over New York Governor Al Smith, a Catholic), the state was part of the Democratic Solid South until the 1950s. In that postwar decade, it twice voted for Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower, former Allied Commander of the Armed Forces during World War II. Since then, more of the state's voters have shifted to supporting Republicans, and Democratic presidential candidates have carried Tennessee only four times.

Question: Which Republican presidential candidate did Tennessee support in 1920? Question: Which Republican won the Presidency while carrying Tennessee in 1928? Question: What religion was the Democratic presidential candidate that Tennessee voted against in 1928? Question: How many times has Tennessee supported Democratic presidential candidates in the general elections since the 1950s?
By 1960 African Americans comprised 16.45% of the state's population. It was not until after the mid-1960s and passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 that they were able to vote in full again, but new devices, such as at-large commission city governments, had been adopted in several jurisdictions to limit their political participation. Former Gov. Winfield Dunn and former U.S. Sen. Bill Brock wins in 1970 helped make the Republican Party competitive among whites for the statewide victory. Tennessee has selected governors from different parties since 1970. Increasingly the Republican Party has become the party of white conservatives.

Question: In 1960, what group made up 16.45% of Tennessee's population? Question: What Congressional Act fully re-enfranchised African-American in Tennessee? Question: Which Republican was elected Tennessee Governor in 1970? Question: Which Republican Senator's 1970 victory showed the Republican Party's renewed competitiveness in Tennessee? Question: Which constituency has become the Republican Party's staunchest supporters in Tennessee?
In the early 21st century, Republican voters control most of the state, especially in the more rural and suburban areas outside of the cities; Democratic strength is mostly confined to the urban cores of the four major cities, and is particularly strong in the cities of Nashville and Memphis. The latter area includes a large African-American population. Historically, Republicans had their greatest strength in East Tennessee before the 1960s. Tennessee's 1st and 2nd congressional districts, based in the Tri-Cities and Knoxville, respectively, are among the few historically Republican districts in the South. Those districts' residents supported the Union over the Confederacy during the Civil War; they identified with the GOP after the war and have stayed with that party ever since. The 1st has been in Republican hands continuously since 1881, and Republicans (or their antecedents) have held it for all but four years since 1859. The 2nd has been held continuously by Republicans or their antecedents since 1859.

Question: Which two Tennessee cities are most supportive of the Democratic Party? Question: Which Tennessee city has the largest African-American population? Question: Which two eastern Tennessee congressional districts have the longest track record of favoring Republican candidates? Question: Which two Tennessee metropolitan areas have been most supportive of the Republican Party? Question: Since which year has Tennessee's 1st congressional district voted overwhelmingly Republican?
In the 2000 presidential election, Vice President Al Gore, a former Democratic U.S. Senator from Tennessee, failed to carry his home state, an unusual occurrence but indicative of strengthening Republican support. Republican George W. Bush received increased support in 2004, with his margin of victory in the state increasing from 4% in 2000 to 14% in 2004. Democratic presidential nominees from Southern states (such as Lyndon B. Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton) usually fare better than their Northern counterparts do in Tennessee, especially among split-ticket voters outside the metropolitan areas.

Question: Which Democratic candidate lost his own state in the 2000 general election? Question: Which 2000 presidential candidate was a former US Senator from Tennessee? Question: By what percentage of the popular vote did George W. Bush carry Tennessee in 2004? Question: Democratic presidential candidates from which region's states have fared best in recent Tennessee history?
The Baker v. Carr (1962) decision of the US Supreme Court established the principle of "one man, one vote", requiring state legislatures to redistrict to bring Congressional apportionment in line with decennial censuses. It also required both houses of state legislatures to be based on population for representation and not geographic districts such as counties. This case arose out of a lawsuit challenging the longstanding rural bias of apportionment of seats in the Tennessee legislature. After decades in which urban populations had been underrepresented in many state legislatures, this significant ruling led to an increased (and proportional) prominence in state politics by urban and, eventually, suburban, legislators and statewide officeholders in relation to their population within the state. The ruling also applied to numerous other states long controlled by rural minorities, such as Alabama, Vermont, and Montana.

Question: Which 1962 US Supreme Court ruling forced states to realign their voting districts to reflect census findings? Question: What phrase expresses the Supreme Court's 1962 decision that population overrules geographic consideration in election districting? Question: A bias in Tennessee politics favoring which type of geographical district gave rise to the Baker v. Carr Supreme Court case? Question: Which type of geographical district became more powerful in Tennessee politics following the 1962 Supreme Court decision?
The Highway Patrol is the primary law enforcement entity that concentrates on highway safety regulations and general non-wildlife state law enforcement and is under the jurisdiction of the Tennessee Department of Safety. The TWRA is an independent agency tasked with enforcing all wildlife, boating, and fisheries regulations outside of state parks. The TBI maintains state-of-the-art investigative facilities and is the primary state-level criminal investigative department. Tennessee State Park Rangers are responsible for all activities and law enforcement inside the Tennessee State Parks system.

Question: Which Tennessee law enforcement agency looks for road safety violations? Question: Which Tennessee agency enforces state wildlife regulations outside of parks? Question: What is the acronym for Tennessee's statewide criminal investigation agency? Question: Who provides law enforcement within Tennessee's state parks?
Local law enforcement is divided between County Sheriff's Offices and Municipal Police Departments. Tennessee's Constitution requires that each County have an elected Sheriff. In 94 of the 95 counties the Sheriff is the chief law enforcement officer in the county and has jurisdiction over the county as a whole. Each Sheriff's Office is responsible for warrant service, court security, jail operations and primary law enforcement in the unincorporated areas of a county as well as providing support to the municipal police departments. Incorporated municipalities are required to maintain a police department to provide police services within their corporate limits.

Question: Who is in charge of policing Tennessee counties' unincorporated areas? Question: Who polices incorporated areas of Tennessee's counties? Question: Each Tennessee county must elect which law enforcement official? Question: What proportion of Tennessee counties recognize their Sheriff as their head law enforcement official? Question: Which law enforcement entity serves warrants in Tennessee?