deralili/clapnq huggingface dataset:
title: One Thousand and One Nights
text: The history of the Nights is extremely complex and modern scholars have made many attempts to untangle the story of how the collection as it currently exists came about . Robert Irwin summarises their findings : `` In the 1880s and 1890s a lot of work was done on the Nights by Zotenberg and others , in the course of which a consensus view of the history of the text emerged . Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia . At some time , probably in the early 8th century , these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla , or ' The Thousand Nights ' . This collection then formed the basis of The Thousand and One Nights . The original core of stories was quite small . Then , in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century , this original core had Arab stories added to it -- among them some tales about the Caliph Harun al - Rashid . Also , perhaps from the 10th century onwards , previously independent sagas and story cycles were added to the compilation ( ... ) Then , from the 13th century onwards , a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt , many of these showing a preoccupation with sex , magic or low life . In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book 's title . ''

Question: when was one thousand and one nights written

answer: Most scholars agreed that the Nights was a composite work and that the earliest tales in it came from India and Persia. At some time, probably in the early 8th century, these tales were translated into Arabic under the title Alf Layla, or 'The Thousand Nights'. The original core of stories was quite small. Then, in Iraq in the 9th or 10th century, this original core had Arab stories added to it. Then, from the 13th century onwards, a further layer of stories was added in Syria and Egypt. In the early modern period yet more stories were added to the Egyptian collections so as to swell the bulk of the text sufficiently to bring its length up to the full 1,001 nights of storytelling promised by the book's title.''
title: Blood plasma
text: Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension ; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells . It makes up about 55 % of the body 's total blood volume . It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid ( all body fluid outside cells ) . It is mostly water ( up to 95 % by volume ) , and contains dissolved proteins ( 6 -- 8 % ) ( i.e. -- serum albumins , globulins , and fibrinogen ) , glucose , clotting factors , electrolytes ( Na , Ca , Mg , HCO , Cl , etc . ) , hormones , carbon dioxide ( plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation ) and oxygen . Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body . It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders .

Question: what are the functions of the blood plasma

answer: Blood plasma holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension, this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid. Plasma also serves as the protein reserve of the human body. It plays a vital role in an intravascular osmotic effect that keeps electrolytes in balanced form and protects the body from infection and other blood disorders.
title: To Kill a Mockingbird
text: Atticus does not want Jem and Scout to be present at Tom Robinson 's trial . No seat is available on the main floor , so by invitation of the Rev. Sykes , Jem , Scout , and Dill watch from the colored balcony . Atticus establishes that the accusers -- Mayella and her father , Bob Ewell , the town drunk -- are lying . It also becomes clear that the friendless Mayella made sexual advances toward Tom , and that her father caught her and beat her . Despite significant evidence of Tom 's innocence , the jury convicts him . Jem 's faith in justice becomes badly shaken , as is Atticus ' , when the hapless Tom is shot and killed while trying to escape from prison .

Question: who won the court case in to kill a mockingbird

answer: The accusers Mayella and her father, Bob Ewell, won the trial despite significant evidence of Tom Robinson's innocence; the jury convicts him.
answer: At Tom Robinson's trial, Atticus establishes that the accusers - Mayella and her father, Bob Ewell, the town drunk - are lying. Despite significant evidence of Tom's innocence, the jury convicts him.
title: Sleeping with the Enemy (The Simpsons)
text: Late one night , Nelson is singing about his long lost father , while Lisa , unable to take any more starvation , eats an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny . The next day , Nelson helps Lisa get back at Sherri and Terri for teasing her . Nelson unleashes a skunk , which sprays both of them , while Lisa and the rest of the children point and sing a modified version of Jingle Bells . Both twins are horrified and run off screaming . When Lisa and Nelson return home , they find Nelson 's father , who Bart found working at a freak show in a circus . It turns out that Nelson 's dad had really gone to the Kwik - E-Mart ( which Nelson has repeatedly stated previously in the series ) , where he had gotten a severe allergic reaction from eating a chocolate bar full of peanuts . Coincidentally , the circus had made a stop in the Kwik - E-Mart parking lot , and the unscrupulous ringmaster noted the peanut matter and kept him as a forced freak for his traveling show . Nelson 's mother finally returns , after going to Hollywood and getting the lead role in Macbeth , playing Lady Macbeth . At the conclusion of this episode , Nelson appreciates what Bart did but says in an oddly kindly tone that this wo n't prevent him from beating Bart up in the future . Hearing this , Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues , but Lisa says that it 's a `` very open - ended problem '' and ( like many women and girls in real life ) she will never be content with her body image . Homer tries to goad Lisa into changing her mind and giving him comfort in resolution , but she refuses to do so .

Question: simpsons episode where lisa has an eating disorder

answer: In episode Sleeping with the Enemy of The Simpsons, Lisa was unable to take any more starvation and ate an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny.
answer: In episode Sleeping with the Enemy of The Simpsons, Lisa was unable to take any more starvation and ate an entire Labor Day cake that was baked especially for Lenny. Homer tries to get Lisa to say she conquered her body image issues, but Lisa says that it's a ``very open-ended problem'' and (like many women and girls in real life) she will never be content with her body image.
title: Band gap
text: In solid - state physics , a band gap , also called an energy gap or bandgap , is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist . In graphs of the electronic band structure of solids , the band gap generally refers to the energy difference ( in electron volts ) between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band in insulators and semiconductors . It is the energy required to promote a valence electron bound to an atom to become a conduction electron , which is free to move within the crystal lattice and serve as a charge carrier to conduct electric current . It is closely related to the HOMO / LUMO gap in chemistry . If the valence band is completely full and the conduction band is completely empty , then electrons can not move in the solid ; however , if some electrons transfer from the valence to the conduction band , then current can flow ( see carrier generation and recombination ) . Therefore , the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid . Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators , those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors , while conductors either have very small band gaps or none , because the valence and conduction bands overlap .

Question: what is the band gap in a semiconductor

answer: In solid state physics, a band gap is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist. Therefore, the band gap is a major factor determining the electrical conductivity of a solid. Substances with large band gaps are generally insulators, those with smaller band gaps are semiconductors.
title: Peter and Rosemary Grant
text: Peter Raymond Grant , FRS , FRSC , and Barbara Rosemary Grant , FRS , FRSC , are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University . Each currently holds the position of emeritus professor . They are known for their work with Darwin 's finches on Daphne Major , one of the Galápagos Islands . Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing , tagging , and taking blood samples from finches on the island . They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime , or even within a couple of years . Charles Darwin originally thought that natural selection was a long , drawn out process . The Grants have shown that these changes in populations can happen very quickly .

Question: who were the grants and what did they tell us about the galapagos

answer: Peter Raymond Grant, FRS, FRSC, and Barbara Rosemary Grant, FRS, FRSC, are a British couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University. They are known for their work with Darwin's finches on Daphne Major, one of the Galápagos Islands. Since 1973 , the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing, tagging, and taking blood samples from finches on the island. They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime, or even within a couple of years.
title: First Fleet
text: It was soon realised that Botany Bay did not live up to the glowing account that the explorer Captain James Cook had provided . The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor . First contact was made with the local indigenous people , the Eora , who seemed curious but suspicious of the newcomers . The area was studded with enormously strong trees . When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke and the tree trunks had to be blasted out of the ground with gunpowder . The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms . The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude . Crucially , Phillip worried that his fledgling colony was exposed to attack from Aborigines or foreign powers . Although his initial instructions were to establish the colony at Botany Bay , he was authorised to establish the colony elsewhere if necessary . An

Question: what was life like when the first fleet arrived in australia

answer: The bay was open and unprotected , the water was too shallow to allow the ships to anchor close to the shore , fresh water was scarce , and the soil was poor . The area was studded with enormously strong trees . When the convicts tried to cut them down , their tools broke. The primitive huts built for the officers and officials quickly collapsed in rainstorms . The marines had a habit of getting drunk and not guarding the convicts properly , whilst their commander , Major Robert Ross , drove Phillip to despair with his arrogant and lazy attitude .
title: Norman Bates
text: After Norman 's father died , Norman and his mother lived alone together `` as if there was no one else in the world '' until Norman reached adolescence , when his mother met Joe Considine ( Chet Rudolph in Psycho IV : The Beginning ) and planned to marry . Considine convinced Norma to open a motel . Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered both of them with strychnine . After committing the murders , Norman staged it like murder - suicide , making it look as if Norma had killed her fiancé and then herself . After a brief hospitalization for shock , he developed dissociative identity disorder , assuming his mother 's personality to repress his awareness of her death and to escape the feelings of guilt for murdering her . He inherited his mother 's house -- where he kept her corpse in the fruit cellar -- and the family motel in the ( fictional ) small town of Fairvale , California .

Question: who was the first person norman bates killed

answer: Driven over the edge with jealousy , Norman murdered his mother met Joe Considine.
answer: When Noman's mother met Joe Considine and planned to marry, driven over the edge with jealousy, Norman murdered both of them with strychnine.
title: Mercury in fish
text: The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals . Mercury and methyl mercury are present in only very small concentrations in seawater . However , they are absorbed , usually as methyl mercury , by algae at the start of the food chain . This algae is then eaten by fish and other organisms higher in the food chain . Fish efficiently absorb methyl mercury , but excrete it very slowly . Methyl mercury is not soluble and therefore not excreted . Instead , it accumulates , primarily in the viscera , although also in the muscle tissue . This results in the bioaccumulation of mercury , in a buildup in the adipose tissue of successive trophic levels : zooplankton , small nekton , larger fish , and so on . The older that such fish become , the more mercury they may have absorbed . Anything that eats these fish within the food chain also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated . This process explains why predatory fish such as swordfish and sharks or birds like osprey and eagles have higher concentrations of mercury in their tissue than could be accounted for by direct exposure alone . Species on the food chain can amass body concentrations of mercury up to ten times higher than the species they consume . This process is called biomagnification . For example , herring contains mercury levels at about 0.1 parts per million , while shark contains mercury levels greater than 1 part per million .

Question: how do you get mercury poisoning from fish

answer: The consumption of fish is by far the most significant source of ingestion - related mercury exposure in humans and animals. Anything that eats fish also consumes the higher level of mercury that the fish have accumulated.
title: Gossip Girl
text: There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale . Dan had always struggled to be an insider among the Upper East Side and had supposedly created Gossip Girl to gain more power and had been the one `` pulling the strings the whole time '' as mentioned by Serena in the finale . However , there was much speculation and controversy regarding this decision . Penn Badgley who played Dan , stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense . There were times during the show where he would be alone and read a Gossip Girl post and be completely blown away by it .

Question: how do we find out who gossip girl is

answer: There was much controversy to Dan being revealed as Gossip Girl in the season finale. Penn Badgley who played Dan, stated in an interview that he himself found it funny that they had decided to make him be Gossip Girl as there were too many loopholes in the show for this to make sense.
title: New Zealand
text: New Zealand ( / ˈziːlənd / ( listen ) ; Māori : Aotearoa ( aɔˈtɛaɾɔa ) ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean . The country geographically comprises two main landmasses -- the North Island ( Te Ika - a-Māui ) , and the South Island ( Te Waipounamu ) -- and around 600 smaller islands . New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga . Because of its remoteness , it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans . During its long period of isolation , New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal , fungal and plant life . The country 's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks , such as the Southern Alps , owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions . New Zealand 's capital city is Wellington , while its most populous city is Auckland .

Question: where is new zealand located on the globe

answer: New Zealand is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean . New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres ( 900 mi ) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres ( 600 mi ) south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia , Fiji , and Tonga .
title: Pharynx
text: In humans the pharynx is part of the digestive system and also of the conducting zone of the respiratory system . ( The conducting zone also includes the nose , larynx , trachea , bronchi , and bronchioles , and their function is to filter , warm , and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs . ) The pharynx makes up the part of the throat situated immediately behind the nasal cavity , behind the mouth and above the esophagus and larynx . The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections : the nasopharynx , the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx . It is also important in vocalization .

Question: how does the pharynx work in the respiratory system

answer: The pharynx is part of the digestive system and of the conducting zone of the respiratory system, and is also important in vocalization.
answer: The pharynx is part of the digestive system and of the conducting zone of the respiratory system. The pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. and is important in vocalization.
title: Brown bear
text: The brown bear has lost 98 % of its habitat in the lower 48 states . About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains . The Alaskan population is estimated at 32,000 individuals . The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem . The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem of northwest Wyoming is estimated to hold about 674 -- 839 grizzly bears , followed slightly the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem of northwest Montana with about 765 animals , the Cabinet - Yaak Ecosystem of northwest Montana and northeast Idaho with about 42 - 65 bears of the species , the Selkirk Ecosystem of northeast Washington and northwest Idaho with only about 40 -- 50 animals and even less the North Cascades Ecosystem of northcentral Washington with about 5 -- 10 grizzlies . These five ecosystems combine for a total of a maximum 1,729 wild grizzlies still persisting in the contiguous United States . Unfortunately , these populations are isolated from each other , inhibiting any genetic flow between ecosystems and creating low genetic diversity in remaining populations which can have negative long - time effects . This isolation poses one of the greatest threats to the future survival of the grizzly bear in the contiguous United States . Although there is no record of their existence in the United States east of the Rocky Mountain and Great Plain regions in human history , fossil records from Kentucky and the Ungava Peninsula do in fact show that grizzly bears once roamed in eastern North America . Mexico

Question: where are brown bears found in the us

answer: About 95 % of the brown bear population in the United States is in Alaska , though in the lower 48 states , they are repopulating gradually but steadily along the Rockies and the western Great Plains. The largest populations of brown bears in the lower 48 states are found in the 23,300 - km2 Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem and the 24,800 - km2 Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem .
title: Colosseum
text: The Colosseum or Coliseum ( / kɒləˈsiːəm / kol - ə - SEE - əm ) , also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre ( Latin : Amphitheatrum Flavium ; Italian : Anfiteatro Flavio ( aŋfiteˈaːtro ˈflaːvjo ) or Colosseo ( kolosˈsɛːo ) ) , is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome , Italy . Built of travertine , tuff , and brick - faced concrete , it is the largest amphitheatre ever built . The Colosseum is situated just east of the Roman Forum . Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir Titus . Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ) . These three emperors are known as the Flavian dynasty , and the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name ( Flavius ) .

Question: how many years did it take to build the colosseum in rome

answer: The construction of the Colosseum in Rome began in AD 72 , and was completed in AD 80. Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian ( 81 -- 96 ).
title: Cristina Yang
text: Cristina is re-hired and Owen asks for a divorce once Cristina wants to reconcile . Shocked , Cristina agrees , but later finds out that the potential conflict of interest regarding the plane crash lawsuit was a key motive behind Owen 's request and confronts him . Owen tells her that he ' feels responsible ' and was worried as he thought she was dead . They have a sexual relationship after divorcing . The hospital is sued and found guilty of negligence . The surviving doctors , including Yang , must receive $15 million of compensation each , which leads the hospital to a near bankruptcy as the insurers refuse to pay . Yang , Callie Torres ( Sara Ramirez ) , and the other surviving doctors buy the hospital with the help of the Harper - Avery Foundation to prevent it from closing , and each become members of the new directing board . After buying the hospital , Yang realizes that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen because he still wants kids and she still does n't .

Question: what episode do cristina and owen break up

answer: Cristina Yang realizes after buying the hospital, that she was made for the O.R. and breaks things off with Owen as  he still wants kids and she still does not .
title: Glow stick
text: The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye ( sensitizer , or fluorophor ) . This creates an exothermic reaction . The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate . The chemical in the glass vial is hydrogen peroxide . By mixing the peroxide with the phenyl oxalate ester , a chemical reaction takes place , yielding two moles of phenol and one mole of peroxyacid ester ( 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione ) . The peroxyacid decomposes spontaneously to carbon dioxide , releasing energy that excites the dye , which then relaxes by releasing a photon . The wavelength of the photon -- the color of the emitted light -- depends on the structure of the dye . The reaction releases energy mostly as light , with very little heat . The reason for this is that the reverse 2 + 2 photocycloaddition of 1 , 2 - dioxetanedione is a forbidden transition ( it violates Woodward -- Hoffmann rules ) and can not proceed through a regular thermal mechanism . Oxidation

Question: where does the light energy of a glowing light wand come from

answer: The glow stick contains two chemicals and a suitable dye. The chemicals inside the plastic tube are a mixture of the dye and diphenyl oxalate and a vial of hydrogen peroxide. By mixing them the reaction releases energy mostly as light and with very little heat.
title: Pierre de Coubertin
text: The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris . Once there , participants divided the congress into two commissions , one on amateurism and the other on reviving the Olympics . A Greek participant , Demetrius Vikelas , was appointed to head the commission on the Olympics , and would later become the first President of the International Olympic Committee . Along with Coubertin , C. Herbert of Britain 's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission . In its report , the commission proposed that Olympic Games be held every four years and that the program for the Games be one of modern rather than ancient sports . They also set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games , the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens , Greece , and the second , the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris . Coubertin had originally opposed the choice of Greece , as he had concerns about the ability of a weakened Greek state to host the competition , but was convinced by Vikelas to support the idea . The commission 's proposals were accepted unanimously by the congress , and the modern Olympic movement was officially born . The proposals of the other commission , on amateurism , were more contentious , but this commission also set important precedents for the Olympic Games , specifically the use of heats to narrow participants and the banning of prize money in most contests .

Question: when did baron pierre de coubertin bring back the olympics

answer: The congress was held on 23 June 1894 at the Sorbonne in Paris.  Along with Coubertin, C. Herbert of Britain's Amateur Athletic Association and W.M. Sloane of the United States helped lead the efforts of the commission and set the date and location for the first modern Olympic Games, the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, and the second, the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris.
title: Doctor (title)
text: Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word of the same spelling and meaning . The word is originally an agentive noun of the Latin verb docēre ( dɔˈkeːrɛ ) ' to teach ' . It has been used as an academic title in Europe since the 13th century , when the first Doctorates were awarded at the University of Bologna and the University of Paris . Having become established in European universities , this usage spread around the world . Contracted `` Dr '' or `` Dr . '' , it is used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate ( e.g. PhD ) . In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners , regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral - level degree .

Question: what is the difference between dr. and dr

answer: Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word and used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate.  It is contracted ``Dr'' or ``Dr.'' and there is no difference between them.
answer: Doctor is an academic title that originates from the Latin word and used as a designation for a person who has obtained a Doctorate. It is contracted to ``Dr'' or ``Dr.''. In many parts of the world it is also used by medical practitioners, regardless of whether or not they hold a doctoral level degree.
title: United States House Committee on Ways and Means
text: Because of its wide jurisdiction , Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy . Although it lacks the prospects for re-election help that comes with the Appropriations Committee , it is seen as a valuable post for two reasons . First , since its range is so broad , members with a wide array of policy concerns often seek positions , simply to be able to influence policy decisions . Some recent major issues that have gone through this committee include welfare reform , a Medicare prescription drug benefit , Social Security reform , George W. Bush 's tax cuts , and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) and the Central America Free Trade Agreement ( CAFTA ) . Second , given the wide array of interests that are affected by the committee , a seat makes it very easy to collect campaign contributions .

Question: standing house committees such as the ways and means committee are important because they

answer: Ways and Means has always been one of the most important committees with respect to impact on policy .
Some recent major issues that have gone through Ways and Means include welfare reform, a Medicare prescription drug benefit, Social Security reform  George W. Bush 's tax cuts, and trade agreements including the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Central America Free Trade Agreement.
title: Drinking establishment
text: A drinking establishment is a business whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises . Some establishments may also serve food , or have entertainment , but their main purpose is to serve alcoholic beverages . There are different types of drinking establishment ranging from seedy bars or nightclubs , sometimes termed `` dive bars '' , to 5,000 seat beer halls and elegant places of entertainment for the elite . A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence . Although the terms are increasingly used to refer to the same thing , there is a difference between pubs , bars , inns , taverns and lounges where alcohol is served commercially . A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests . The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek ταβέρνα / taverna .

Question: what is the difference between tavern and pub

answer: A public house , informally known as a `` pub '' , is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence .
A tavern or pot - house is , loosely , a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and , more than likely , also be served food , though not licensed to put up guests .
answer: A public house, informally known as a `` pub '', is an establishment licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises in countries and regions of British influence. A tavern or pot - house is, loosely, a place of business where people gather to drink alcoholic beverages and, more than likely, also be served food, though not licensed to put up guest .  The word derives from the Latin taberna and the Greek taverna.
title: Qazi Muhammad Essa
text: He participated in the formation of the first Muslim political party in Pakistan , ( Muslim league ) Balochistan before 1947 . He was from a sunni Hazara tribe of Sheikh Ali , who migrated from Afghanistan Kandahar to district Pishin , Balochistan , Pakistan . His father Qazi Jalal - ud - Din was Qazi of Kandahar . after British interference they moved to Pishin . Qazi Essa had studied at Sandeman High School and Government High School in Quetta , and then went on to England for higher education . `` After having been called to Bar in January 1939 , he returned home and met Quaide - e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah in Bombay . He was so impressed with his ideas and personality that on his return to Baluchistan , he founded the All - India Muslim League in his province . '' He played a key role in the Pakistan Movement and was one of the trusted lieutenants of Muhammad Ali Jinnah . He was the youngest member of the Working Committee of the All - India Muslim League and as President of the Baluchistan Provincial Muslim League , he quickly organized the party throughout the province and played a key role in the ' Vote for Pakistan movement ' and in the historical referendum of the then North - West Frontier Province . Qazi Essa travelled more than 300,000 miles to campaign for the Pakistan Movement between 1940 and 1947 .

Question: who established muslim league in balochistan and when

answer: Qazi Muhammad Essa participated in the formation of the first Muslim political party in Pakistan, (Muslim league) Balochistan before 1947.
title: American Girl
text: American Girl is an American line of 18 - inch ( 46 cm ) dolls released in 1986 by Pleasant Company . The dolls portray eight - to eleven - year - old girls of a variety of ethnicities . They are sold with accompanying books told from the viewpoint of the girls . Originally the stories focused on various periods of American history , but were expanded in 1995 to include characters and stories from contemporary life . Aside from the original American Girl dolls , the buyer also has the option to purchase dolls that look like themselves . The options for the line of Truly Me dolls include eye color , eye shape , skin color , hair texture , and hair length . A variety of related clothing and accessories is also available .

Question: what is a pleasant company american girl doll

answer: An American Girl doll is an 18 inch doll portraying an eight to eleven year old girl living in different periods of American history.
answer: An American Girl doll is an 18-inch doll portraying an eight- to eleven-year-old girl of a variety of ethnicities living in different periods of American history including contemporary.
title: Dan in Real Life
text: The opening scene was in New Jersey and then Rhode Island in the cities of Newport , East Greenwich , West Greenwich , Jamestown , Westerly , and Providence in November and December 2006 . The opening scene was filmed at Seven Stars Bakery in Providence . However , the facade of the building and the interior are altered . The first time Dan is pulled over by the Jamestown , Rhode Island police , he is on Ocean Ave Newport , Rhode Island . The second time Dan is pulled over by Mackerel Cove in Jamestown . In scenes filmed in Jamestown , two bridges are clearly visible : the Jamestown Bridge and its replacement , the Jamestown - Verrazzano Bridge . Demolition of the Jamestown Bridge was initiated on April 18 , 2006 . The film also cast local residents of neighboring towns and cities consisting of Middletown , North Kingstown and North Providence as Dan 's nieces and nephews . The date scene was filmed in two different places in Westerly . The inside shots were filmed at Alley Katz Bowling center , while the exterior shots were filmed at Misquamicut Beach . What is now the Windjammer was dressed to look like the outside of the bowling center . The sunset scene with the entire family on the beach was filmed at Napatree Point in Westerly .

Question: where was the movie dan in real life filmed

answer: The opening scene was in New Jersey and then Rhode Island in the cities of Newport, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, Jamestown, Westerly, and Providence in November and December 2006.  The opening scene was filmed at Seven Stars Bakery in Providence . The first time Dan is pulled over by the Jamestown, Rhode Island police, he is on Ocean Ave Newport, Rhode Island, then by Mackerel Cove in Jamestown.  The inside shots were filmed at Alley Katz Bowling center, while the exterior shots were filmed at Misquamicut Beach.  The sunset scene with the entire family on the beach was filmed at Napatree Point in Westerly.
answer: It was filmed in New Jersey and the Rhode Island cities of Newport, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, Jamestown, Westerly, Providence and Misquamicut Beach.
title: History of Texas (1845–1860)
text: In 1845 , the Republic of Texas was annexed to the United States of America , becoming the 28th U.S. state . Border disputes between the new state and Mexico , which had never recognized Texas independence and still considered the area a renegade Mexican state , led to the Mexican -- American War ( 1846 -- 1848 ) . When the war concluded , Mexico relinquished its claim on Texas , as well as other regions in what is now the southwestern United States . Texas ' annexation as a state that tolerated slavery had caused tension in the United States among slave states and those that did not allow slavery . The tension was partially defused with the Compromise of 1850 , in which Texas ceded some of its territory to the federal government to become non-slave - owning areas but gained El Paso .

Question: what were two obstacles to texas becoming a state

answer: The two obstacles to Texas becoming a state were the border disputes with Mexico and the tolerance of slavery.
title: Population pyramid
text: Population pyramids often contain continuous stacked - histogram bars , making it a horizontal bar diagram . The population size is depicted on the x-axis ( horizontal ) while the age - groups are represented on the y - axis ( vertical ) . The size of the population can either be measured as a percentage of the total population or by raw number . Males are conventionally shown on the left and females on the right . Population pyramids are often viewed as the most effective way to graphically depict the age and distribution of a population , partly because of the very clear image these pyramids represent. A great deal of information about the population broken down by age and sex can be read from a population pyramid , and this can shed light on the extent of development and other aspects of the population .

Question: what are the main features of a population pyramid

answer: Population pyramids are often viewed as the most effective way to graphically depict the age and distribution of a population.
The population size is depicted on the x-axis ( horizontal ) while the age - groups are represented on the y - axis ( vertical ) .
answer: Because of the very clear image they represent, population pyramids are a very effective way to graphically depict the age and distribution of a population and give a great deal of information about the population broken down by age and sex, which can shed light on the extent of development and other aspects of the population .
title: In-N-Out Burger
text: In May 2010 , In - N - Out announced plans to expand into Texas , specifically within the Dallas -- Fort Worth area with the first two locations opening in Frisco and Allen on May 11 , 2011 . The chain opened its first location in Austin in December 2013 . There are 21 restaurant locations in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area , and four in the Austin area . These new locations in Texas required the company to build a new patty production facility and distribution center in the state , according to company vice president Carl Van Fleet . In March 2014 , the company confirmed its first location in San Antonio . The fall of 2014 saw the restaurant open its 22nd Texas location in Killeen . On November 20 , 2014 , In - N - Out opened its first location in San Antonio followed by its first location in Waco in November 2015 . In January 2017 , In - N - Out announced plans to expand into Houston with multiple sites planned in the area .

Question: how many in n out burgers are in texas

answer: There are 21 restaurant locations in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area , and four in the Austin area .
The fall of 2014 saw the restaurant open its 22nd Texas location in Killeen .
answer: There are 21 restaurant locations in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area , and four in the Austin area . The restaurant opened its 22nd Texas location in Killeen in 2014 . They added first locations each in San Antonio and Waco later.
title: Julian Baker
text: Later , he shows her a picture from his year book he seems very unpopular and was a mathlete and part of the debate team . He tells her that he wants the Brooke Davis now . He hands over a breakdown of the Brooke Davis he is looking for and Brooke reads a list of compliments that Brooke is . After Julian emits to Brooke he loves her , she is mad though , and after Julian talks to Brooke he realizes the last person she was in love with was Lucas . Brooke tells him that she is not and that she is not Peyton . Julian apologizes but explains that he still worries after his relationship with Peyton . Julian tells Brooke that they would pretend that it never happen along Julian still like wary about Brooke 's feelings towards Lucas .

Question: when does julian tell brooke he loves her

answer: Later, when he shows her a picture from his year book, Julian emits to Brooke he loves her.
title: Global Positioning System
text: The GPS project was launched in the United States in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems , integrating ideas from several predecessors , including a number of classified engineering design studies from the 1960s . The U.S. Department of Defense developed the system , which originally used 24 satellites . It was initially developed for use by the United States military and became fully operational in 1995 . Civilian use was allowed from the 1980s . Roger L. Easton of the Naval Research Laboratory , Ivan A. Getting of The Aerospace Corporation , and Bradford Parkinson of the Applied Physics Laboratory are credited with inventing it .

Question: what led to the development of the global positioning system

answer: The GPS project was launched in the United States in 1973 to overcome the limitations of previous navigation systems, integrating ideas from several predecessors, including a number of classified engineering design studies from the 1960s.  It was initially developed for use by the United States military.
answer: It was originally developed for use by the United States military and became fully functional in 1995.
title: Caenorhabditis elegans
text: In 1963 , Sydney Brenner proposed using C. elegans as a model organism for the investigation primarily of neural development in animals . It is one of the simplest organisms with a nervous system . The neurons do not fire action potentials , and do not express any voltage - gated ion channels . In the hermaphrodite , this system comprises 302 neurons the pattern of which has been comprehensively mapped , in what is known as a connectome , and shown to be a small - world network . Research has explored the neural and molecular mechanisms that control several behaviors of C. elegans , including chemotaxis , thermotaxis , mechanotransduction , learning , memory , and mating behaviour . Brenner also chose it as it is easy to grow in bulk populations , and convenient for genetic analysis . It is a multicellular eukaryotic organism , yet is simple enough to be studied in great detail . The transparency of C. elegans facilitates the study of cellular differentiation and other developmental processes in the intact organism . The spicules in the male clearly distinguish males from females . Strains are cheap to breed and can be frozen . When subsequently thawed , they remain viable , allowing long - term storage . Maintenance is easy when compared to other multicellular model organisms , a few hundred nematodes can be kept on a single agar plate and suitable growth medium . Brenner described the use of a mutant of E. Coli -- OP50 . OP50 is a uracil - requiring organism and its deficiency in the plate prevents the overgrowth of bacteria which would obscure the worms .

Question: what are two characteristics that make c. elegans a good model organism

answer: Sydney Brenner proposed using C. elegans as a model organism for the investigation primarily of neural development in animals. It is one of the simplest organisms with a nervous system. Brenner also chose it as it is easy to grow in bulk populations, and convenient for genetic analysis. It is a multicellular eukaryotic organism , yet is simple enough to be studied in great detail.
title: Epiphyseal plate
text: Endochondral ossification is responsible for the initial bone development from cartilage in utero and infants and the longitudinal growth of long bones in the epiphyseal plate . The plate 's chondrocytes are under constant division by mitosis . These daughter cells stack facing the epiphysis while the older cells are pushed towards the diaphysis . As the older chondrocytes degenerate , osteoblasts ossify the remains to form new bone . In puberty increasing levels of estrogen , in both females and males , leads to increased apoptosis of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate . Depletion of chondrocytes due to apoptosis leads to less ossification and growth slows down and later stops when the entire cartilage have become replaced by bone , leaving only a thin epiphyseal scar which later disappears .

Question: steps in longitudinal bone growth at the epiphyseal plate

answer: There are several steps to longitudinal bone growth at the epiphyseal plate. First in utero there is endochondral ossification. The plate 's chondrocytes are under constant division by mitosis and as the older chondrocytes degenerate , osteoblasts ossify to form new bone . In puberty hormone levels lead to increased apoptosis of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate . Later depletion of chondrocytes due to apoptosis leads to less ossification and growth stops when the entire cartilage is replaced by bone.
answer: There are several steps to longitudinal bone growth at the epiphyseal plate. In utero there is endochondral ossification. The plate 's chondrocytes are under constant division by mitosis and as the older chondrocytes degenerate , osteoblasts ossify to form new bone . In puberty hormone levels lead to increased apoptosis of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate . Later depletion of chondrocytes due to apoptosis leads to less ossification and growth stops when the entire cartilage is replaced by bone.
title: Five Nights at Freddy's
text: The first Five Nights at Freddy 's game was released via Desura on August 8 , 2014 . On August 20 , 2014 , after it was approved by the service 's crowdsourcing platform Greenlight , Five Nights at Freddy 's was also released via Steam . The games that followed were released on November 10 , 2014 ; March 2 , 2015 ; July 23 , 2015 ; and October 7 , 2016 , respectively . A spin - off of the series , FNaF World was announced on a Steam post by Cawthon in September 2015 , and was released in January 2017 . Cawthon releases most pictorial teasers of his games to his website , `` Scott Games '' , and releases teaser trailers on his YouTube channel .

Question: when was five nights at freddy's made

answer: The first Five Nights at Freddy's game was released via Desura on August 8, 2014.  The games that followed were released on November 10, 2014; March 2, 2015; July 23, 2015; and October 7, 2016, respectively.
title: Sheldon Cooper
text: Sheldon was interested in science from an early age , and was a child prodigy , although due to his behavioral quirks and his lack of humility about his superior intellect , he was bullied by classmates and neighbors . Sheldon entered college at the age of eleven , and at age fourteen he graduated from college summa cum laude . ( To this day , the college he went to for undergraduate studies has yet to be revealed , but he feels it is superior to his fellow Big Bang Theory colleagues ' alma maters of Princeton ( Leonard ) , MIT ( Howard ) and Harvard ( Amy ) . ) From then , he worked on his doctorate , was a visiting professor at the University of Heidelberg in Germany , was the youngest person at the time to receive the Stevenson Award , and has appeared on the cover of Journal of Physical Chemistry A. Sheldon is now a theoretical physicist doing research at Caltech , although he stated in Young Sheldon that he could n't see himself living in California due to their carefree lifestyle .

Question: where did sheldon from big bang theory go to college

answer: The college Sheldon Cooper went to for undergraduate studies has yet to be revealed. From then, he worked on his doctorate, was a visiting professor at the University of Heidelberg in Germany.
answer: The college Sheldon Cooper went to for undergraduate studies was not revealed. During his doctorate, he was a visiting professor at the University of Heidelberg in Germany.