Title: Unmanned NASA missions
Content: plaque, depicting a man and a woman and information about the origin and the creators of the probes, should any extraterrestrials find them someday. Additionally, the Pioneer mission to Venus consisted of two components, launched separately. Pioneer Venus 1 or Pioneer Venus Orbiter was launched in May 1978 and remained in orbit until 1992. Pioneer Venus 2 or Pioneer Venus Multiprobe, launched in August 1978, sent four small probes into the Venusian atmosphere. Project Echo was the first passive communications satellite experiment. Each spacecraft was a metalized balloon satellite to be inflated in space and acting as a passive reflector

Title: Magellan (spacecraft)
Content: should land on Venus by 1:00 PM PDT Thursday, October 13, 1994. Magellan (spacecraft) The Magellan spacecraft, also referred to as the Venus Radar Mapper, was a robotic space probe launched by NASA of the United States, on May 4, 1989, to map the surface of Venus by using synthetic aperture radar and to measure the planetary gravitational field. The "Magellan" probe was the first interplanetary mission to be launched from the Space Shuttle, the first one to use the Inertial Upper Stage booster for launching, and the first spacecraft to test aerobraking as a method for circularizing its orbit.

Title: Pioneer Venus Multiprobe
Content: mission. Whereas the probes entered the atmosphere in 1978, the orbiter would stay in orbit throughout the 1980s and the early 1990s. (see Pioneer Venus Orbiter) The next major mission was the Magellan spacecraft, which was an orbiter capable mapping Venus by seeing through its opaque clouds with radar. Another NASA entry probe mission was the Galileo probe, which was for planet Jupiter. The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe bus was constructed by the Hughes Aircraft Company, built around the HS-507 bus. It was cylindrical in shape, with a diameter of and a mass of . Unlike the probes, which did not

Title: Pioneer Venus project
Content: December 9, 1978. All four probes transmitted data throughout their descent to the surface. One probe survived landing and transmitted data from the surface for over an hour. The Pioneer mission consisted of two components, launched separately: an orbiter and a multiprobe. The orbiter was launched on 20 May 1978 with an Atlas-Centaur rocket. The orbiter's mass was . The Pioneer Venus Orbiter was inserted into an elliptical orbit around Venus on December 4, 1978. It carried 17 experiments (with a total mass of 45 kg): In May 1992 the orbiter began the final phase of its mission, in which

Title: Norman Thagard
Content: Force Base, California, on May 6, 1985. He next served on the crew of STS-30, which launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on May 4, 1989, aboard the Orbiter "Atlantis". During this four-day mission, crew members deployed the "Magellan" Venus-exploration spacecraft, the first U.S. planetary science mission launched since 1978, and the first planetary probe to be deployed from the Shuttle. "Magellan" arrived at Venus in mid-1990 and mapped the entire surface of Venus using specialized radar instruments. In addition, crew members also worked on secondary payloads involving fluid research in general, chemistry and electrical storm studies. Mission duration was

Question: Which NASA space probe was launched to Venus in 1989?
Answer: Magellan