dejp3/bronze-age-objects-pas huggingface dataset:
Object: Flat Axehead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2500 to -1500)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Markfield, Hinckley and Bosworth, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 59 mm
Thickness: 10 mm
Weight: 73.68 g
Description: Early Bronze age flat axe.  The axe is sub- rectangular in form and section and has slightly bowed sides with raised edges. The blade fans out from the body forming an almost semi-circular cutting edge. The axe has no signs of decoration and is missing parts of its surface.  The object is in fair condition and is 59mm long, 49mm wide, 10mm thick and weighs 73.68grams.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Hoard (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Furneux Pelham, East Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Description: Three ingot fragments were found in the parish of Furneux Pelham in Hertfordshire.



Description



1. Copper alloy ingot fragment, light green and brown patina



Weight: 126.5g, Max Length: 52.22mm, Max Width: 36.95mm



2. Copper alloy ingot fragment, light green patina.



Weight: 104.3g, Max Length: 41.68mm, Max Width: 32.51mm



3. Copper alloy ingot fragment, light green patina.



Weight: 116.5g Max Length: 56.19mm, Max Width: 42.02mm



Discussion 



Copper alloy ingot fragments in hoards are typical the Late Bronze Age (c. 1100-800 BC) where they are relatively common. Comparable ingot fragments have been found at Ayot St Lawrence in Hertfordshire (2011 T86).



Conclusion



The objects qualify as Treasure under the stipulations of the Treasure Act (1996) (Designation Order 2002).
Notes: TVC Valuation 15/11/2012: £10
Subsequent action: Donated to museum after being declared Treasure
Object: Socketed Axehead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1000 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Salfords and Sidlow, Reigate and Banstead, Surrey (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 34.36 mm
Thickness: 8.83 mm
Weight: 18.18 g
Description: 
A blade fragment from a late Bronze Age socketed axe. Small areas of the original surface remain but much of the exposed surface is powdery.

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Blade (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2100 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Kirby Bellars, Melton, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 37 mm
Thickness: 3 mm
Weight: 9.95 g
Description: Bronze age copper alloy blade fragment, 37mm long, 14.5mm wide and 3mm thick. The object is in fair condition and weighs 9.95grams. The object is sub rectangular in form and oval in section, it has a small circular hole, c.2mm wide, near its upper edge which is aligned with a slight medial ridge running the whole length on both sides.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Unidentified Object (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2500 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Dodford with Grafton, Bromsgrove, Worcestershire (West Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 35 mm
Thickness: 4.36 mm
Weight: 5.2 g
Description: A worn fragment of a probable Bronze Age copper-alloy object. The object is much worn and so it is difficult to identify with any certainty. It is possibly a tanged arrowhead or possibly a razor. Only the tang and a small section of the body of the blade remains (although it is just possible that the projection is not a tang and may be the result of accidental wear). Alternative object types may possibly be a chisel or gouge.  The object appears to have been symmetrical, tapering gradually towards the edges, making it lozenge shaped in section. The object expands from the tang into the blade at an angle of approximately 40 degrees. The tang measures approximately 19.1 mm long and the blade 15.9 mm long. It measures 35 mm long in total. It is 16.1 mm wide and 4.36 mm thick. It weighs 5.2 grams. It has a predominantly dark green to brown patina.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Unidentified Object (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Dodford with Grafton, Bromsgrove, Worcestershire (West Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 19.47 mm
Thickness: 6.45 mm
Weight: 10.3 g
Description: A fragment of a copper-alloy unidentified object of probable Bronze Age date. The object is wedge shaped and triangular in section, tapering sharply from the break to the terminal. The dark green patina of the object is suggestive of a possible Bronze Age date, although it is not clear what function the object may have had. It appears to be too narrow to be the tip of a small socketed axehead and the angle of the taper is also too dramatic for this identification. The object does not clearly resemble any other Bronze Age tools or weapons.


It has a dark green patina and air bubbles in the metal show that it has been poorly cast. 


It measures  19.47 mm long from the break to the terminal, 23.48 mm wide, 6.45 mm thick and weighs 10.3 grams.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Awl (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to IRON AGE (-1500 to -500)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: GUILDFORD, Guildford, Surrey (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 60.68 mm
Diameter: 5.78 mm
Weight: 5.55 g
Description: A cast copper alloy awl of Bronze Age or later date. The awl is 60.68mm long, has a circular section body and a square section tang.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Awl (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to IRON AGE (-1500 to -500)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hartley Wintney, Hart, Hampshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 57.86 mm
Diameter: 6.73 mm
Weight: 9.49 g
Description: A cast copper alloy awl of Bronze Age or later date. The awl is 57./86mm long and has a mainly square section with rounded corners. The surface of the awl is very pitted.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Flanged Axehead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1400 to -1250)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Harlaston, Lichfield, Staffordshire (West Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 130.56 mm
Thickness: 13.42 mm
Weight: 409.1 g
Description: A cast copper-alloy flanged axe dating from the Middle Bronze Age, circa 1400-1250 BC.  The axe belongs to the Taunton tradition of metalworking. There is a lozenge/oval  shaped flange on each side of the butt, designed to hold the haft in place. The flanges are slightly waisted, flaring at the blade and septum ends. The blade tip is crescent  shaped. There is no obvious stop ridge for the haft to  butt against, but the blade is thicker than the septum. The axe has a rough, pocked green and brown patina  with evidence of bronze disease in places. It measures 130.56 mm long, 63.4 wide at the blade and 25.7 mm wide at the septum. It measures 13.42 mm thick in the centre. It weighs 409.1 grams.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1000 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Longhorsley, Northumberland, Northumberland (North East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 40.6 mm
Thickness: 8.7 mm
Weight: 15.41 g
Description: Part of the blade from a cast, copper alloy, socketed chisel dating from the late Bronze age, 1000-800BC. The tool is of rectangular section with rounded edges. It tapers to the blade, and widens slightly. The cutting edge is slightly curved. There is no decoration and, as the end of the oval socket has broken away and is missing, there is no evidence of a side loop. The blade has a smooth, medium brown patina with areas of green where the patina is damaged. It is 40.6mm long, 23.4mm wide and 8.7mm thick. It weighs 15.41gm. Compare BERK-654397, WMID-E1B777 and SF-F095F2
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Winterbourne, West Berkshire, West Berkshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 46.49 mm
Thickness: 8.77 mm
Weight: 67 g
Description: A cast copper alloy axe fragment, dating from the Middle Bronze Age (c. 1500-1150 BC). The fragment consists only of the tip of the axe. It tapers in both plan and section to the blade tip, which is still sharp.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Unidentified Object (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to IRON AGE (-1500 to 43)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Winterbourne, West Berkshire, West Berkshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 18.61 mm
Thickness: 7.23 mm
Weight: 3.1 g
Description: 
A cast copper alloy so-called fitting of later Bronze Age or Iron Age date, similar to the so-called 'moustache-like' fittings. The object is tear-drop shaped in plan, hollow on the underside and its upper  surfaces are decorated with closely-set longitudinal grooves. The 'snout' of the object tapers and narrows in both plan and section, and gives the whole object the look of a hedgehog. It is likely that a long point protruding from the 'snout' has now broken off, as a number of similar examples on this database have long projections in this area.

Notes: A number of objects of this type have been recorded on the PAS  database. One example was found in the Salisbury Hoard (Stead, 1998,  no.117), and as such, they are thought to date from the middle Bronze  Age to the late Iron Age. Dr JD Hill at the British Museum suggests that  they are Iron Age rather than Bronze Age, but this is yet to be  confirmed by excavation of a stratified example. Their function is  uncertain, although circular recesses at the bottom of some examples  suggests that they were mounted on or below something.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1000 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Headcorn, Maidstone, Kent (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 47.07 mm
Thickness: 12.66 mm
Weight: 63.72 g
Description: A cast copper alloy Bronze Age socketed axehead fragment. It is probably a South-Eastern type, dating to 1000-800 BC. The fragment consists of the blade and the beginning of the body. The body is hollow, with a subrectangular section. The blade, which is solid, flares out with a pronounced blade tip. The casting seam is visible on one side just above the blade tip. It measures 47.07 mm L x 39.15 mm W x 12.66 mm TH (at the solid point) and weighs 63.72 g.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Rapier (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: South Stoke, South Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 21.33 mm
Thickness: 3.39 mm
Weight: 6.3 g
Description: A fragment of a cast copper alloy rapier, dagger or dirk, dating to the Middle Bronze Age (1500-1150BC). The fragment is only 21.33mm long, trapezoidal in plan and with a lozengiform cross section, seen through old, worn breaks. The cutting edges are worn and abraded. Some of the deep green patina survives on both the upper and lower surfaces of the rapier.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Blade (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hickling, Rushcliffe, Nottinghamshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 39 mm
Thickness: 8 mm
Weight: 21.19 g
Description: Bronze Age copper alloy blade, probably from a socketed axe, or possibly a straight-sided palstave. The object is in fair condition with light green rough surfaces, but a small area of dark brown patina remaining, with striations visible roughly parallel to the blade edge.



The blade is 39mm long (along the blade edge), 19mm wide, 8mm thick and weighs 21.29g.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Socketed Axehead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Great Bentley, Tendring, Essex (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 34.51 mm
Thickness: 4.56 mm
Weight: 17.88 g
Description: Fragment from a Late Bronze Age socketed axe, dating to c.1150-700BC. The body fragment is curved in profile and sub-triangular in shape. The fragment measures 34.51x22.19x4.56mm and weighs 17.88g.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Blade (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2350 to -801)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Frisby on the Wreake, Melton, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 20 mm
Thickness: 5 mm
Weight: 4.04 g
Description: Tip of a copper alloy Bronze Age blade or axe. The object is in poor condition, is 20mm long, 11mm wide, 5mm thick and weighs 4.04g.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1600 to -801)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Frisby on the Wreake, Melton, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 44 mm
Thickness: 8 mm
Weight: 10.83 g
Description: Bronze Age copper alloy spear fragment, 44mm long, 15mm wide, 8mm thick and weighing 10.83g. The object tapers in width towards the narrower tip, and is lozenge shaped in section. The object is in fair condition but with surface pitting and damage to the blade edges and point. The patinated rear face suggests breakage in antiquity.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1400 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hampstead Norreys, West Berkshire, West Berkshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 73.97 mm
Diameter: 13.16 mm
Weight: 48.2 g
Description: An incomplete cast copper alloy socketed spear head, dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC). The fragment consists of the central part of the spear, being leaf-shaped in plan. Part of the open socket remains before closing to the tip, giving the spear head a pronounced raised mid rib. The edges of the spear head are worn and pitted, probably as a result of post-depositional damage.
Notes: Another spearhead was found at the opposite end of the field where this example was found (see BERK-4FB102).
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1400 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hampstead Norreys, West Berkshire, West Berkshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 115.02 mm
Diameter: 24.88 mm
Weight: 104 g
Description: A cast copper alloy socketed leaf-shaped spearhead, dating from the middle to late Bronze Age (c. 1400-800 BC). The spearhead is incomplete, missing its tip; the socket survives and has some damage to its edge, as do the blades of the spearhead, but otherwise it is in good condition with a dark green patina. The socket neck has two sub-circular holes for securing the spearhead to the shaft, by cord or possibly rivets. The socket tapers throughout the length of the spearhead producing a rounded midrib that extends to the (broken) tip.
Notes: Another (incomplete) spearhead of the same date was found at the opposite end of the field; BERK-4F1825.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2200 to -1900)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: West Rasen, West Lindsey, Lincolnshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 161.6 mm
Thickness: 12 mm
Weight: 581 g
Description: A large complete early Bronze Age narrow-butted flat axe in fine condition. The axe measures 161.6mm in length and 99.6mm across the blade. The butt measures 37.3mm. The thickness of the axe is 12.00mm. The sides are bevelled and the blade is slightly flat which may suggest a lot of sharpening. There is a little damage to the surfaces which are pitted and now have a slightly rough texture.


This fine axe belongs to the Migdale-Marnoch tradition of the early Bronze Age (named after two sites in Scotland).
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1400 to -1125)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Bishop Burton, East Riding of Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 116.54 mm
Thickness: 17.91 mm
Weight: 146.68 g
Description: A cast copper alloy incomplete spearhead dating from the later Middle Bronze Age, about 1400 – 1125 BC. Davis Group 10, 'protected looped'. Only one side (wing) of the leaf shaped blade survives, and the tip is missing. The centre rib is circular in section and hollow (socketed). The lower edge of the blade is rounded, though this is emphasised by also being bent. There is a carefully made hole through the wing next to the rib at the base. The hole has corroded edges and its original shape is not clear. It has a D shaped (in plan and section) cast raised flange on the side opposite the rib, on both faces. The spear has a grey green patina with corrosion where the original surface is missing. The breaks are also patinated. Compare BH-16AD90, LEIC-96FB06, BERK-2CF486 and DOR-FD69C8. Davis (2017) notes that spearheads of this type, with 'small loops in the lower quartile of the blade, adjacent to the midrib' belonged to the same range of 'generally larger' spearheads with basal loops, and 'were current in the Taunton and Penard phases', about 1400 – 1125 BC.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Palstave (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Found: Great Doddington, Wellingborough, Northamptonshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 135 mm
Thickness: 18 mm
Weight: 170.2 g
Description: A complete copper-alloy 'unlooped shield pattern' palstave dating to the middle Bronze Age. The axe has a flared cutting edge and a rectangular butt, and has a rectangular hollow located on either side of the stop ridge.


The axe measures 135mm long and the body is 21mm wide at its widest (the stop ridge). The blade is 18mm thick after the stop and tapers to the cutting edge, which is 35mm wide. The distance from the butt to the inside of the stop is 58mm. The sides of the butt are triangular in plan. There is little sign of use-wear on the but or the blade. The axe has gas a dull brown patina.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Somerton, Cherwell, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 25.51 mm
Thickness: 8.65 mm
Weight: 15.2 g
Description: The tip of a cast copper alloy Late Bronze Age axe head, dating from c.1150-700 BC. The axe head is fragmentary, consisting of only the cutting edge and therefore too little survives to be able to define it any further; the axe head may have been socketed as one of the breaks suggests.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2000 to -1700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Bishops Waltham, Winchester, Hampshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 101.2 mm
Weight: 24.9 g
Description: The butt of a decorated Long-flanged axe, probably of Arreton Down type. The butt is 101.40mm long and 41.84mm wide and has broken at the start of the splayed blade.


Very little of the original surface of this axe survives and the present surface is rough and deeply pitted. On both sides of the lower part of the septum, adjacent to the break are areas of decoration. The decoration is very difficult to interpret clearly as only a few patches survive undamaged. On the better preserved side the decoration appears as three transverse bands of diagonal crosses with some straight transverse lines. One band can be discerned on the other side. The axe may have had a slight median bevel. The decoration may have continued onto the blade. In any case what is now visible would have been covered by the haft when in use.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1500 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: English Bicknor, Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire (South West)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 93 mm
Diameter: 20 mm
Weight: 75 g
Description: Cast copper alloy chisel length 93mm, diameter 20mm, width at chisel 16mm, weight 75g. Crescent shape blade which extends backwards 31mm. The opposite end is socketed with an internal aperture of 13mm and a double collar on the outside The casting seam has been removed. This artefacts has a rich dark green patina although there are areas of lighter green pitted corrosion. This dates to the middle to late Bronze Age 1500-800BC




Similar examples of socketed chisels are illustrated in the Archaeological Journal Vol VI (1849), page 382, found at Westow, Yorkshire, and in the Archaeological Journal IX (1852), pages 302-3, found at Romford, Essex. Evans (1881) also describes other socketed chisels found at Heathery Burn Cave, Durham; Roseberry Topping, Yorkshire; Meldreth, Cambridgeshire, as well as examples from France, Switzerland and Italy.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Palstave (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Longhope, Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire (South West)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 152 mm
Thickness: 29 mm
Description: A cast copper alloy palstave axe length 152mm, width 63mm, thickness 29mm. The cutting edge curves slightly and the blade has three ridges, one central and one along each edge. The stop is slightly rounded and the side flanges are high. There is a casting seam along the centre of the sides of the blade and flange.

This is a Group I: Primary Shield Pattern type and dates to the Middle Bronze Age 1500 BC - 1150
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Crowmarsh, South Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 62.68 mm
Thickness: 9.32 mm
Weight: 26.28 g
Description: The tip of a narrow leaf-shaped spear, probably of Middle Bronze Age date. Only 6.75mm of the internal socket survives.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Freeby, Melton, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 42 mm
Thickness: 8 mm
Weight: 11.32 g
Description: Bronze Age copper alloy spear head tip, in fair condition with an old, worn break where it would have joined the rest of the spear head. The object is sub triangular in form and sub rectangular in cross section. It has a wide central rib which appears angular and has astepped edge? and thick damaged blades either side.



The object is 42mm long, 13mm wide, 8mm thick and weighs 11.32g.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: , , Shropshire (West Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 127 mm
Thickness: 17.91 mm
Weight: 57.5 g
Description: Cast copper alloy socketed side-looped spearhead dating from the middle to late Bronze Age, (1500-800BC). The spearhead is almost complete. The head is leaf-shaped and the socket has a pronounced midrib. The mid rib is lozenge shape and extends to the base of the socket where it is slightly facetted rather than raised. The tip of the spearhead is thicker than the rest of the blade and there are re-sharpening marks around the edges of the wings. The edges of the blade has been damaged in most places. The string loops are narrow with oval central piercings. In profile they are oval

(lentoid) having a wider profile than many string looped examples. The base of the socket is broken - probably relatively recently. The socket measures 17.49mm in diameter. The side loops are 24.42mm below the end of the wings and are in good condition. The object is undecorated and had a dark black patina.



The blade facets are all lost and it has been plough rolled - probably loosing the tip of the spear as well.



The spearhead is a string loop type, which suggests later middle Bronze Age to early late Bronze Age date. Side-looped spearheads are Greenwell and Brewis' Class IV and date to the early Middle Bronze Age.



Acton Park II industry.



A similar example which can be found on the database is LANCUM-7609C0.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1800 to -1500)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Mount Bures, Colchester, Essex (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 83.66 mm
Weight: 109.2 g
Description: Bronze Age flanged axe. The butt end is rectangular up to the stop, where the edges then expand outwards to the blade tip. There is a slightly raised flange on both edges of the body giving it a very shallow 'H' shaped cross section, the difference in thickness changing only from 12.90mm to 13.91mm to include the flange. The flange continues until just before the blade tip. 


It is 83.66mm long. The butt end is 24.50mm wide. Blade tip to tip measures 55.80mm. The surface is corroded and pitted. Dark green patina. Weight 109.2 grams.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Palstave (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2150 to -1500)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Little Hadham, East Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 29.4 mm
Weight: 20.3 g
Description: Bronze Age cast copper alloy fragment of a palstave; only the butt end survives. The end is rounded and the edges have slightly raised flanges, giving it a thick 'H' shaped cross section at the break. It is 29.40mm lomg, 18.79mm wide, 10.53mm thick, decreasing to 7.37mm thick excluding the flange. It weighs 20.2 grams.
Subsequent action: Finder applying for an export licence
Object: Sword (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1500 to -700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: St. Nicholas At Wade, Thanet, Kent (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 27.45 mm
Weight: 10.21 g
Description: 
A section from the blade of a sword of Bronze Age date. The fragment is small and comes from near the tip. Only a small area of the original surface survives.

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hampstead Norreys, West Berkshire, West Berkshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 55.84 mm
Thickness: 9.98 mm
Weight: 27.8 g
Description: A fragment of a cast copper alloy socketed spearhead, dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (1500-800 BC, probably more c. 1400-1000 BC). The fragment consists of only the very tip of the spear, and although the tip is sharp the edges are very worn and the whole object appears heavily rolled (P. Reavill. pers. comm.). The spearhead has a lozenge-shaped cross section, broken towards the tip of the socket. There is the mineralised remains of a wooden object or element on one face of the spearhead; it appears that a casting flaw resulted in a hollow and that the mineralised wood is the remains of packing to keep the shaft in place. Peter Reavill, FLO for Shropshire & Herefordshire comments that the survival of the wood "would be odd...given the [rolled] condition of the spear."
Notes: 
Thanks are extended to Peter Reavill & Dr. Esther Cameron for their help in identifying the spearhead and inclusion.

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Palstave (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Mashbury, Chelmsford, Essex (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 25 mm
Description: A fragment of a Bronze Age copper alloy palstave, dating to 1500-1150BC. Butt end only surviving. Start of flange on both sides visible. It measures 25mm.
Notes: 
Not seen by FLO

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Osbaston, Hinckley and Bosworth, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 31 mm
Thickness: 7 mm
Weight: 3.98 g
Description: Bronze age copper alloy spearhead tip? 31mm long, 11mm wide and 7mm thick. The object is in fair condition and weighs 3.98grams.  The object consists of the tip of an object. It is sub rectangular in form and section. It has blade like edges which taper in width to a squared off terminal and has prominent ridges running up its centre.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Adze (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Swithland, Charnwood, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 121 mm
Thickness: 14 mm
Weight: 88 g
Description: Middle Bronze age copper alloy Palstave Adze, 121mm long, 22mm wide and 14mm thick. The object is in fair condition and weighs 88grams. The object is rectangular in form and triangular in cross section, with a slightly curved blade. Its butt end is triangular shaped in cross section and houses two rectangular recessess either side of a central panel with a raised border to contain a handle. The object is slightly damaged around its edges and has small patches of original surface remaining.



The object is similar to WAW-FLB395
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Blade (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: NORTHAMPTON, Northampton, Northamptonshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 41 mm
Thickness: 6 mm
Weight: 8.66 g
Description: A cast copper alloy object. This is probably a blade of  Bronze Age date, suggested by the patina of the copper alloy. The object is triangular in section, being 6mm thick at its widest and tapering to a sharp narrow convex edge. The widest edge is slightly convex. It is eliptical in plan.


it is 41mm long, 13mm wide and 66mm thick. It weighs 8.66g.


No exact replica has been found for this object. It is possibly the blade edge of a Bronze Age axe head. However, the wede edge is very regular and unliley to be a broken edge. The Bronze Age Finds Advisor of teh British Museum has been asked for an opinion and possible parallels and this record will be updated on his reply.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Thornton Bridge, Harrogate, North Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 118.27 mm
Thickness: 29.42 mm
Weight: 200 g
Description: A copper alloy Palstave axe dating to the Middle Bronze Age. The cutting edge curves slightly and the stop is slightly rounded and the side flanges are high. There is a casting seam along the centre of the sides of the blade and flange. The metal is mottled green and brown and is highly corroded. This is a Group I: Primary Shield Pattern type. The object weighs more than 200g and measures 118.27mm in length, 42.94mm in width and 29.42mm in thickness.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1000 to -700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Bishop Burton, East Riding of Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 22.89 mm
Thickness: 12.54 mm
Weight: 33.03 g
Description: The tip (cutting edge) of a Late Bronze Age socketed axehead dating from about 1000 - 700 BC. The cutting edge is worn and rounded. It is wider than the rest of the axe; the sides curve inwards. The casting seams are visible on the edges, but they have been smoothed. The break is also patinated suggesting the axe has been broken in the ground for a long time. The patination on the inside of the socket is darker. On the outside, the smooth olive green patina survives in places, but patches are missing showing lighter coloured corroded metal beneath. Compare KENT-279A24.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1600 to -1300)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Cowfold, Horsham, West Sussex (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 109.27 mm
Thickness: 12.63 mm
Weight: 107 g
Description: An incomplete and extremely worn and corroded cast copper-alloy flat axe or chisel, probably dating to between the late Early Bronze Age and early Middle Bronze Age, c. 1600-1300 BC. Its remains consist of a sub-rectangular body in plan, with the remains of the side flanges visible on both faces, though completely flattened on one side. Due to its poor condition, it is difficult to tell if the side flanges were fused or if they were separate elements, but it is likely that these were fused; hence, the date above is suggested for similar types. The chisel or possible axe blade edge has been completely worn away, making a positive identification difficult. The metal surface of the object suffers from bronze disease as well as differential areas of dark brown patina and lighter green patina. An area within the side flanges has built up a higher degree of green corrosion, perhaps indicating where the stop would have been. It measures 109.27 mm long, 21.51 mm maximum width, 12.63 maximum thickness and weighs 107 grams.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1100 to -700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Middleton, East Riding of Yorkshire, East Riding of Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 29.23 mm
Thickness: 8.65 mm
Weight: 6.6 g
Description: A fragment of a cast copper-alloy socketed axe of late Bronze Age date, c. 1100-700 BC.


Only the edge of the axe remains, in a very worn and abraded form, forming a rough crescent shape that is V-shaped in section, as the hollow cavity of the interior is visible.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -1150)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Irnham, South Kesteven, Lincolnshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 27 mm
Thickness: 6 mm
Description: 
Fragment of a Bronze Age axe, probably a socketed or flanged axe. The fragment is from one corner of the blade. The cutting edge is curved and still relatively sharp. The bottom and rear sides are breaks but the top is inward curving and part of the original perimeter. The fragment is mid-green in colour with patches of bright blue corrosion.

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axe (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-2300 to -2050)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Bilton-in-Ainsty with Bickerton, Harrogate, North Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 118.9 mm
Thickness: 10 mm
Weight: 258 g
Description: A cast copper alloy, flat axehead of the early Bronze Age, dating from about 2300-2050 BC. The axehead is sub triangular in plan with a wide curved blade which tapers to a curved butt and is rectangular in section. The axehead is undecorated and there are no signs of ridges or flanges indicating that this is an early flat axe, probably in the Migdale tradition of narrow butted flat axes. The metal is pitted, corroded and worn, with a green patina with a lustrous surface surviving in places. The cutting edge and the butt are damaged, but there are no fresh breaks. The axehead is 118.9mm long, 66.6mm wide, 10mm thick and weighs 258g. Illustrated examples of flat axes may also be found in Nicholson's Prehistoric Metalwork, pages 79-83.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Palstave (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1700 to -1400)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Brighouse, Calderdale, Calderdale (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 132.6 mm
Thickness: 20.3 mm
Weight: 218 g
Description: A cast copper alloy Palstave dating from the middle part of the Bronze Age (about 1700 BC - 1400 BC), the Arreton or Acton Park phase


The palstave has an even green patina with pitting on the surface. The total (incomplete) length of the axehead is  132.6mm, with the blade (from the edge to the stop) comprising 78.56mm  length and the septum/butt measuring 54mm in length. The flanges have  a maximum breadth of 20.3mm. At its widest, the blade is 44.1mm in breadth from  tip to tip.


The blade is narrow and tapering and the axe is narrow and  unlooped; The butt is broken. The axe has a well defined, rounded  stop-ridge on both sides rising at right angles to the septum. The side  flanges are damaged, particularly on one face where recent unpatinated damage shows that the flanges have recently broken off.  The blade is narrow and trapezoidal, widening gently to the cutting  edge, with little added flare to the tips. The blade faces of early midribbed palstaves  generally have raised edges, as if continuing the line of flanges below  the stop (see: "The Axes of Scotland and Northern England", Schmidt and  Burgess, 1981, p.126) but this feature is not present on the palstave  recorded here. There is no shield like depression below the  stop. The patina inside the septum is a smooth and brown layer, the butt end of which has flaked off. The butt is damaged, but looks as if it would have been rounded.


Compare NCL-8C1FE2 and LANCUM-D90642.


Two Bronze Age spear heads are recorded on the West Yorkshire HER from the same neighbourhood as this palstave, but they are later in date, being from the Penard (1300 BC - 1140 BC) or Wallington 1140 BC - 1020 BC) traditions. They are PRN 2992 and PRN 4186.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Axehead (Bronze Age)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Tremeirchion, Denbighshire, Denbighshire (Wales)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Description: 
Developed flat axe.

Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1450 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Brompton, Scarborough, North Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 76.23 mm
Thickness: 6.54 mm
Weight: 20 g
Description: A copper alloy tanged chisel dating from the Middle to Late Bronze Age (1450-800 BC). The chisel is incomplete, as the rectangular shaft is broken. The shaft widens towards a circular collar which expands into a sub triangular blade. The bottom of this blade is also broken, areas of it have been chipped away. The whole object is slightly curved, something that might have happened over time. The metal is dark brown in colour and it weighs 20.0g. It measures 76.23mm in length, 34.34mm at its widest point and 6.54mm at its thickest point. Other examples on this database include LEIC-25C336 and NMGW-2C69D1.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Arrowhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1500 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Grove, Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 31.74 mm
Thickness: 2.3 mm
Weight: 3.9 g
Description: A Middle or Late Bronze Age cast copper alloy arrowhead, dating to c. 1500-800 BC. The arrowhead has a slight median ridge on one face only and is reminiscent of tanged and barbed arrowheads in flint. These are rare objects with few know of in the UK.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spearhead (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1550 to -1250)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Womersley, Selby, North Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 81.6 mm
Thickness: 16.8 mm
Weight: 61.47 g
Description: An incomplete cast copper alloy socketed spearhead fragment probably dating from the Middle Bronze Age, about 1550 - 1250 BC. The spearhead has a prominent central midrib which is lozenge shaped in section with a sub circular opening. The shape of the blade is, perhaps, diagnostic of side looped spearheads, probably Davis Groups 5-7. Both ends of the spear head are missing; the cutting edges and parts of the blade wings are worn and damaged; some of the material has been cracked/split and bent backwards. The spearhead has a dark orange brown patina with flecks of green throughout, shading to green and dark brown at the edges; where the tip has broken off, the material is corroded and is covered with an orange patina. It is probably either a kite-shaped or leaf-shaped spear. Please see Adkins and Adkins' (1982) A Thesaurus of British Archaeology; also Nicholson's (1980) Catalogue of the Prehistoric Metalwork, page 99.



Length: 81.6mm; Width: 50.6mm; Thickness: 16.8mm; Weight: 61.47g
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Dorchester, South Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 90.92 mm
Thickness: 5.83 mm
Weight: 25.3 g
Description: A copper-alloy tanged chisel of probable Late Bronze Age date. The chisel is complete and in good condition, only suffering minimal damage to the blades edges and tip. The chisel has a tapering square-sectioned to conical tang; there is a collar seperating the tang from the blade. The blade is sub-triangular in plan, having a thin convex cutting edge at the bottom. The thickness of the blade tapers gradually towards this cutting edge. The object is slightly corroded in places but retains a greenish-brown patina across much of its surface.Tanged chisels are not common finds, and a complete example is even more uncommon. Several tanged chisels, or elements of them, are recorded on this database (for example, see BH-49EAD8). Tanged chisels such as this date from c. 1150-800 BC.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Awl (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Wighill, Harrogate, North Yorkshire (Yorkshire and the Humber)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 61.32 mm
Thickness: 4.66 mm
Weight: 6.75 g
Description: A complete copper alloy awl of probable Bronze Age date. The shaft is sub-rectangular in section and tapers in thickness towards both end, but in plan flares at one end and tapers at the other. One end is pointed, whilst the other is chisel shaped but rounded. The patina is brown and green and pitted. Compare SOM-7C6ED1 and BH-C6DC45.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Chisel (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Kirby Bellars, Melton, Leicestershire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 25 mm
Thickness: 8 mm
Weight: 13.29 g
Description: Bronze Age copper alloy chisel fragment?  25mm long, 20mm wide and 8mm thick. The object is in fair condition and weighs 13.29grams. The object is worn and sub- rectangular in form. In section it has a slight lip at each end on both surfaces, giving it a bulging profile. The object could be part of a chisel or gouge?
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Awl (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Grove, Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 61.12 mm
Weight: 3.1 g
Description: A copper alloy awl probably dating to the Late Bronze Age (1150-800 BC). The awl is slighly bent, square in section at the centre and narrows to a point at one end while there is a tang at the other end.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-2150 to -800)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Hulland Ward, Derbyshire Dales, Derbyshire (East Midlands)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 80 mm
Diameter: 17 mm
Thickness: 10 mm
Weight: 21.69 g
Description: Bronze age spear fragment, 80mm long, 20mm wide and 10mm thick. The object is in poor condition and weighs21.69grams.  The object represents the broken tip of a spear and has  a corroded surface and  badly damaged edges.   It has a circular section and is slightly conical in form, with the remains of blades visible on each side.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Spear (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1500 to -1200)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: Ewell, Epsom and Ewell, Surrey (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 125.2 mm
Diameter: 16.91 mm
Weight: 42.68 g
Description: A side-looped spear of Middle to late Bronze Age date. The blade is damaged, the point is missing and the width is incomplete. The spear is now 125.20mm long and measures 15.15 across the incomplete blade. The socket is 49.87mm long. The diameter of the external socket is 42.68mm maximum.
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Penannular Ring (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Gold 
Found: Godmersham, Ashford, Kent (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Diameter: 16 mm
Weight: 9.23 g
Description: Penannular ring having narrow stripes of alternately yellow and whiter gold. The surface is rather worn except for the interior of the hoop where the striping is protected. The hoop tapers to flat terminals. When tested the ring was found to be of the type consisting of a gold covering over a non-precious metal core (see report).



Maximum external diameter 16mm; weight 9.23 grams.
Subsequent action: Acquired by museum after being declared Treasure
Object: Penannular Ring (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to BRONZE AGE (-1150 to -800)
Material: Gold 
Found: Old Alresford, Winchester, Hampshire (South East)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Thickness: 5.05 mm
Weight: 8.2 g
Description: 
A gold, or gold-plated copper alloy pennanular ring of near-circular cross section decorated with clearly visible bands of two different colours or alloys of gold.

Subsequent action: Acquired by museum after being declared Treasure
Object: Pin (Bronze Age)
Period: Bronze Age to  (-1400 to -1250)
Material: Copper alloy 
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 58.93 mm
Thickness: 7.78 mm
Weight: 15.35 g
Description: A copper alloy dress or Picardy pin of the Middle Bronze Age.The pin is incomplete, being broken part way along the body. It is circular in cross section and has a swelling towards the break. The remaining terminal expands into a dished plate which as a few stamped crescents on the upper face. The pin is otherwise undecorated.

Date: Middle Bronze Age - 1400 - 1250 BC

Dimensions: 58.93 mm x 12.32 mm x 7.78 mm

Weight: 15.35 g


Sally Worrell (PAS adviser) says that these pins "Represent a valuable addition to the small dataset found in Britain and elsewhere in the north European Plain. These pins are mostly, but not always decorated and may be perforated or looped or neither and share common features such as the shape of the head, the swelling of the neck and decoration in the form of incised linear motifs. They occur within the 'Ornament horizon' phase of the late Taunton or early Penard phase of the later mid Bronze Age, approximately 1400-1250 BC".
Subsequent action: Returned to finder
Object: Flat Axehead (Bronze Age)
Period:  to  (-2500 to -1700)
Material: Copper alloy 
Found: , , Essex (Eastern)
Discovery method: Metal detector
Length: 40.8 mm
Weight: 52.58 g
Description: A fragment of probable early Bronze Age flat axe, c. 2500- 1700 BC in date. The fragmetn consists of the  blade and the lower part of the shaft which remains. The blade  edge is uneven with bits missing and worn away. The axe has a  rectangular cross-section, narrowing towards the blade which splays out  from the shaft. The blade measures 32.7mm in width, the shaft 21.8mm. The Fragment is 40.8mm long and weighs 52.58 grams. A similar example can be seen on the database:      DUR-8DF7F1,
Subsequent action: Returned to finder