deep-div/medical_qa_mediqa huggingface dataset:
Question: Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people   aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers.  Thank   you

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Lewy body dementia (Treatment): Treatment can be challenging, and there's no cure for Lewy body dementia. Doctors treat the individual symptoms. Medications - Cholinesterase inhibitors. These Alzheimer's disease medications, such as rivastigmine (Exelon), work by increasing the levels of chemical messengers believed to be important for memory, thought and judgment (neurotransmitters) in the brain. This can help improve alertness and cognition, and may help reduce hallucinations and other behavioral problems. Possible side effects may include gastrointestinal upset, excessive salivation and tearing, and frequent urination. These are not FDA approved for Lewy body dementia. - Parkinson's disease medications. These medications, such as carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) may help reduce parkinsonian symptoms, such as rigid muscles and slow movement. However, these medications may also increase confusion, hallucinations and delusions. - Medications to treat other symptoms. Your doctor may prescribe medications to treat other symptoms associated with Lewy body dementia, such as sleep or movement problems. If possible, avoid medications with anticholinergic properties, which can worsen cognition or dopamine agonists, which can cause hallucinations. First-generation antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol (Haldol), should not be used to treat Lewy body dementia. They may cause severe confusion, severe Parkinsonism, sedation and sometimes even death. Very rarely, certain second-generation antipsychotics may be prescribed for a short time at a low dose but only if the benefits outweigh the risks. Therapies Because antipsychotic drugs can worsen Lewy body dementia symptoms, it might be helpful to initially try nondrug approaches, such as: - Tolerating the behavior. Many times a person with Lewy body dementia isn't distressed by the hallucinations. In these cases, the side effects of medication may be worse than the hallucinations themselves. - Modifying the environment. Reducing clutter and distracting noise can make it easier for someone with dementia to function. - Offering soothing responses. A caregiver's response may worsen behavior. Avoid correcting and quizzing a person with dementia. Offer reassurance and validation of his or her concerns. - Creating daily routines and keeping tasks simple. Break tasks into easier steps and focus on successes, not failures. Structure and routine during the day can be less confusing.

Answer: Treating Lewy body dementia can be challenging. Currently there is no cure, but there are treatments that can be applied depending on the individual symptoms. Alzheimer's medications can be effective to increase alertness and reduce hallucinations or other behavioral problems. Your doctor may prescribe medications to treat other symptoms associated with Lewy body dementia,  such as sleep or movement problems.
Question: Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people   aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers.  Thank   you

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What are the treatments for Dementia With Lewy Bodies?: There is no cure for DLB. Treatments are aimed at controlling the cognitive, psychiatric, and motor symptoms of the disorder. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as donepezil and rivastigmine, are primarily used to treat the cognitive symptoms of DLB, but they may also be of some benefit in reducing the psychiatric and motor symptoms. Doctors tend to avoid prescribing antipsychotics for hallucinatory symptoms of DLB because of the risk that neuroleptic sensitivity could worsen the motor symptoms. Some individuals with DLB may benefit from the use of levodopa for their rigidity and loss of spontaneous movement.

Answer: There is currently no cure for Dementia with Lewy Bodies.  However, there are treatments for controlling the cognitive, psychiatric, and motor symptoms of the disorder, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. While antipsychotics may have some benefit, doctors tend to avoid prescribing these as they can worsen the motor symptoms. Levadopa may reduce rigidity and loss of spontaneous movement.
Question: Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people   aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers.  Thank   you

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Lewy body dementia (Risk factors): A few factors seem to increase the risk of developing Lewy body dementia, including: - Being older than 60   - Being male   - Having a family member with Lewy body dementia or Parkinson's disease Research has indicated that depression is also associated with Lewy body dementia.

Answer: Individuals are at risk for Lewy body dementia if they are older than 60, male, a history of depression, or have a family member with Lewy body dementia or Parkinson's disease.
Question: Would appreciate any good info on Lewy Body Dementia, we need to get people   aware of this dreadful disease, all they talk about is alzheimers.  Thank   you

Reference:
Lewy body dementia (Overview): Lewy body dementia, also known as dementia with Lewy bodies, is the second most common type of progressive dementia after Alzheimer's disease dementia. Protein deposits, called Lewy bodies, develop in nerve cells in the brain regions involved in thinking, memory and movement (motor control). Lewy body dementia causes a progressive decline in mental abilities. People with Lewy body dementia may experience visual hallucinations, and changes in alertness and attention. Other effects include Parkinson's disease-like symptoms such as rigid muscles, slow movement and tremors. Lewy body dementia care at Mayo Clinic

Answer: Lewy body dementia, or dementia with Lewy bodies, is the second most common type of progressive dementia, after Alzheimer's disease. The name Lewy bodies comes from protein deposits which develop in nerve cells in the brain regions involved in thinking, memory, and motor control. This causes a progressive decline in mental abilities. Symptoms of Lewy body dementia include visual hallucinations, and changes in alertness and attention. Other symptoms include those similar to Parkinson's disease, such as rigid muscles, slow movement, and tremors.
Question: would you help me to fine article or jurnal about Cri du chat syndrome

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cri-du-chat syndrome (Genetic Changes): Cri-du-chat syndrome is caused by a deletion of the end of the short (p) arm of chromosome 5. This chromosomal change is written as 5p-. The size of the deletion varies among affected individuals; studies suggest that larger deletions tend to result in more severe intellectual disability and developmental delay than smaller deletions.   The signs and symptoms of cri-du-chat syndrome are probably related to the loss of multiple genes on the short arm of chromosome 5. Researchers believe that the loss of a specific gene, CTNND2, is associated with severe intellectual disability in some people with this condition. They are working to determine how the loss of other genes in this region contributes to the characteristic features of cri-du-chat syndrome.

Answer: Cri-du-chat syndrome is caused by a deletion of the end of the short (p) arm of chromosome 5. Researchers believe that the loss of the gene, CTNND2, is correlated with the severe intellectual disability in some people with this condition. The effect of the loss of other genes in the region of the deletion is under current research.
Question: would you help me to fine article or jurnal about Cri du chat syndrome

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Cri du chat syndrome (Summary): Cri du chat syndrome is a group of symptoms that result from missing a piece of chromosome number 5. The syndrome's name is based on the infant's cry, which is high-pitched and sounds like a cat.

Answer: Cri du chat syndrome refers to a group of symptoms that result in the deletion of a piece of chromosome 5. It's name is french for the sound of the afflicted infant's cry.
Question: would you help me to fine article or jurnal about Cri du chat syndrome

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cri-du-chat syndrome (Sources for This Page): Cerruti Mainardi P. Cri du Chat syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2006 Sep 5;1:33. Review.

Answer: Here is the citation for a review article of cri-du-chat syndrome: Cerruti Mainardi P. Cri du Chat syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2006 Sep 5;1:33. Review.
Question: would you help me to fine article or jurnal about Cri du chat syndrome

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Cri du chat syndrome (Causes): Cri du chat syndrome is rare. It is caused by a missing piece of chromosome 5.   Most cases are believed to occur during the development of the egg or sperm. A small number of cases occur when a parent passes a different, rearranged form of the chromosome to their child.

Answer: Cri du chat syndrome is a rare syndrome caused by the deletion of a piece of chromosome 5. The deletion is believed to occur during the development of the egg or sperm.
Question: would you help me to fine article or jurnal about Cri du chat syndrome

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Cri du chat syndrome (Treatment): While there is no specific treatment available for cri du chat syndrome , early intervention is recommended in the areas of physical therapy (achieving physical and motor milestones such as sitting and standing up), communication (speech therapy, sign language instruction), behavioral modification (for hyperactivity, short attention span, aggression), and learning (special education). [3] Because symptoms may vary from individual to individual, we recommend discussing these options with a health care professional to develop a personalized plan for therapy.

Answer: There is no specific treatment available for cri du chat syndrome, but there are techniques for early intervention. These are in the areas of physical therapy, speech therapy, sign language, behavioral modification, and additional specialized education.
Question: how do i prevent myself from having dementia

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Dementia (Prevention): Most causes of dementia are not preventable.   The risk of vascular dementia may be reduced by preventing strokes through:     - Eating healthy foods   - Exercising   - Quitting smoking   - Controlling high blood pressure   - Managing diabetes

Answer: Most causes of dementia are not preventable. The risk of vascular dementia may be reduced by lowering the risk of having a stroke. It is possible to do so by eating healthy foods, exercising, quitting smoking, controlling high blood pressure, and managing diabetes.
Question: how do i prevent myself from having dementia

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Dementia (Treatment): Most types of dementia can't be cured, but there are ways to manage your symptoms. Medications The following are used to temporarily improve dementia symptoms. - Cholinesterase inhibitors. These medications - including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon) and galantamine (Razadyne) - work by boosting levels of a chemical messenger involved in memory and judgment. Although primarily used to treat Alzheimer's disease, these medications might also be prescribed for other dementias, including vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease dementia and Lewy body dementia. Side effects can include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. - Memantine. Memantine (Namenda) works by regulating the activity of glutamate, another chemical messenger involved in brain functions, such as learning and memory. In some cases, memantine is prescribed with a cholinesterase inhibitor. A common side effect of memantine is dizziness. - Other medications. Your doctor might prescribe medications to treat other symptoms or conditions, such as depression, sleep disturbances or agitation. Therapies Several dementia symptoms and behavior problems might be treated initially using nondrug approaches, such as: - Occupational therapy. An occupational therapist can show you how to make your home safer and teach coping behaviors. The purpose is to prevent accidents, such as falls; manage behavior; and prepare you for the dementia progression. - Modifying the environment. Reducing clutter and noise can make it easier for someone with dementia to focus and function. You might need to hide objects that can threaten safety, such as knives and car keys. Monitoring systems can alert you if the person with dementia wanders. - Modifying tasks. Break tasks into easier steps and focus on success, not failure. Structure and routine also help reduce confusion in people with dementia.

Answer: There is no cure for most types of dementia, but there are treatments to manage your symptoms. Medications such as donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon) and galantamine (Razadyne) work by boosting levels of a chemical messenger involved in memory and judgement. There are also nondrug approaches such as occupational therapy. An occupational therapist can teach you behaviors to make living with dementia easier. They can help you prevent accidents such as falls, and prepare you for the progression of the disease.
Question: how do i prevent myself from having dementia

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Dementia (Prognosis): There are many disorders that can cause dementia. Some, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Huntington’s disease, lead to a progressive loss of mental functions. But other types of dementia can be halted or reversed with appropriate treatment. People with moderate or advanced dementia typically need round-the-clock care and supervision to prevent them from harming themselves or others. They also may need assistance with daily activities such as eating, bathing, and dressing.

Answer: The treatment for dementia depends on the type of dementia. Alzheimer's or Huntington's disease are progressive, and while they can be slowed, they cannot be halted or reversed. However, treatment for other types of dementia can do so.
Question: how do i stop using rasagiline

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How should Rasagiline be used and what is the dosage?: Rasagiline comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It is usually taken once a day with or without food. Take rasagiline at around the same time every day. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. Take rasagiline exactly as directed. Do not take more or less of it or take it more often than prescribed by your doctor.  Your doctor may start you on a low dose of rasagiline and may increase your dose based upon your body's response to this medication.  Do not stop taking rasagiline without talking to your doctor. Your doctor will probably decrease your dose gradually. If you suddenly stop taking rasagiline, you may experience withdrawal symptoms such as a fever; muscle stiffness; unsteadiness, wobbliness, or lack of coordination; or changes in consciousness. Tell your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms when your dose of rasagiline is decreased.

Answer: Talk to your doctor about stopping your use of rasagiline. Your doctor will likely decrease your dose gradually, which is very important, because if you stop taking it suddenly you may experience withdrawal symptoms. These include fever, muscle stiffness, lack of coordination, or changes in consciousness. Immediately tell your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms when your dosage is decreased.
Question: how do people get diabetes

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Diabetes (Causes): Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin, or both.   To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested:     - A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of fuel for the body.   - An organ called the pancreas makes insulin. The role of insulin is to move glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat, and liver cells, where it can be stored or used as fuel.        People with diabetes have high blood sugar because their body cannot move sugar from the blood into muscle and fat cells to be burned or stored for energy, and/or because their liver makes too much glucose and releases it into the blood. This is because either:     - Their pancreas does not make enough insulin   - Their cells do not respond to insulin normally   - Both of the above      There are two major types of diabetes. The causes and risk factors are different for each type:       - Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it is most often diagnosed in children, teens, or young adults. In this disease, the body makes little or no insulin. This is because the pancreas cells that make insulin stop working. Daily injections of insulin are needed. The exact cause is unknown.   - Type 2 diabetes is much more common. It most often occurs in adulthood, but because of high obesity rates, children and teens are now being diagnosed with this disease. Some people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have it. With type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin and doesn't use insulin as well as it should.   - There are other causes of diabetes, and some people cannot be classified as type 1 or type 2.      Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops at any time during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes.   If your parent, brother, or sister has diabetes, you may be more likely to develop the disease.

Answer: There are two major types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, as well as others that cannot be classified into type 1 and 2. Each has different causes and risk factors. In type 1, the body makes little or no insulin. This is because that the cells in the pancreas that make insulin stop working. The exact cause of this is unknown. In type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin, and doesn't use it efficiently as it should. The causes of other types of diabetes vary.
Question: how do we treat the burns caused by radiation?

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What to do for Radiation sickness?: Unfortunately, giving first aid to radiation victims may expose rescue personnel to radiation unless they are properly protected. Victims must be decontaminated as part of the resuscitation process so that they do not cause radiation injury to others. This may complicate the first aid and resuscitation process.  - Check the person's breathing and pulse.  - Start CPR, if necessary.  - Remove the person's clothing and place the items in a sealed container. This stops ongoing contamination.  - Vigorously wash the victim with soap and water.  - Dry the victim and wrap with a soft, clean blanket.  - Call for emergency medical help or take the person to nearest emergency medical facility if you can do so safely   - REPORT EXPOSURE TO EMERGENCY OFFICIALS.   If symptoms occur during or after medical radiation treatments:  - Tell the provider or seek medical treatment.  - Handle affected areas gently.  - Treat symptoms or illnesses as recommended by the provider.

Answer: Report any radiation exposure to emergency officials. Seek medical treatment. Make sure to handle the affected areas gently.
Question: how do we treat the burns caused by radiation?

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What to do for Radiation sickness?: - DO NOT remain in area where exposure occurred.  - DO NOT apply ointments to burned areas.  - DO NOT remain in contaminated clothing.  - DO NOT hesitate to seek emergency medical treatment.

Answer: To treat burns caused by radiation, seek emergency medical treatment. Do not apply ointments to burned areas.
Question: how do you administer lanreotide

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How should Lanreotide Injection be used and what is the dosage?: Lanreotide comes as a long-acting solution (liquid) to be injected subcutaneously (under the skin) into the upper outer area of your buttock by a doctor or nurse. Lanreotide long-acting injection is usually injected once every 4 weeks. Ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand.  Your doctor will probably adjust your dose or the length of time between doses depending on your lab results.  Ask your pharmacist or doctor for a copy of the manufacturer's information for the patient.

Answer: Lanreotide may be administered under the skin (subcutaneously), into the upper area of the buttock. A nurse or doctor will be able to do this for you.
Question: how do you catch hepatitis c

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What is Hepatitis C?: Your liver is the largest organ inside your body. It helps your body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. One type, hepatitis C, is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It usually spreads through contact with infected blood. It can also spread through sex with an infected person and from mother to baby during childbirth.    Most people who are infected with hepatitis C don't have any symptoms for years. If you do get symptoms, you may feel as if you have the flu. You may also have jaundice, a yellowing of skin and eyes, dark-colored urine, and pale bowel movements. A blood test can tell if you have it. Usually, hepatitis C does not get better by itself. The infection can last a lifetime and may lead to scarring of the liver or liver cancer. Medicines sometimes help, but side effects can be a problem. Serious cases may need a liver transplant.    There is no vaccine for HCV.    NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Answer: Hepatitis C can be spread through contact with blood already infected by the virus. It can be spread through sex sex with an affected individual, or from the mother to her child during birth.
Question: how do you catch hepatitis c

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Hepatitis C (What is hepatitis C?): Hepatitis C is a viral infection that causes liver inflammation and damage. Inflammation is swelling that occurs when tissues of the body become injured or infected. Inflammation can damage organs.Viruses invade normal cells in your body. Many viruses cause infections that can be spread from person to person. The hepatitis C virus spreads through contact with an infected person’s blood.Hepatitis C can cause an acute or chronic infection.Although no vaccine for hepatitis C is available, you can take steps to protect yourself from hepatitis C. If you have hepatitis C, talk with your doctor about treatment. Medicines can cure most cases of hepatitis C.Acute hepatitis CAcute hepatitis C is a short-term infection. Symptoms can last up to 6 months. Sometimes your body is able to fight off the infection and the virus goes away.Chronic hepatitis CChronic hepatitis C is a long-lasting infection. Chronic hepatitis C occurs when your body isn’t able to fight off the virus. About 75 to 85 percent of people with acute hepatitis C will develop chronic hepatitis C.13Early diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C can prevent liver damage. Without treatment, chronic hepatitis C can cause chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver failure, or liver cancer.

Answer: The hepatitis C virus spreads through contact with an infected person's blood
Question: how do you check for lupus?

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What is Lupus?: If you have lupus, your immune system attacks healthy cells and tissues by mistake. This can damage your joints, skin, blood vessels and organs. There are many kinds of lupus. The most common type, systemic lupus erythematosus, affects many parts of the body. Discoid lupus causes a rash that doesn't go away. Subacute cutaneous lupus causes sores after being out in the sun. Another type can be caused by medication. Neonatal lupus, which is rare, affects newborns.     Anyone can get lupus, but women are most at risk. Lupus is also more common in African American, Hispanic, Asian and Native American women. The cause of lupus is not known.     Lupus has many symptoms. Some common ones are        - Joint pain or swelling     - Muscle pain     - Fever with no known cause     - Fatigue    - Red rashes, often on the face (also called the "butterfly rash")       There is no one test to diagnose lupus, and it may take months or years to make the diagnosis. There is no cure for lupus, but medicines and lifestyle changes can help control it.    NIH: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases

Answer: There is no one test to diagnose lupus, and it may take months or years to make the diagnosis.