deep-div/medical_qa_mediqa huggingface dataset:
Question: Anal Fissure I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support.

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Anal fissure (Complications): Complications of anal fissure can include: - Failure to heal. An anal fissure that fails to heal within six weeks is considered chronic and may need further treatment.   - Recurrence. Once you've experienced an anal fissure, you are prone to having another one.   - A tear that extends to surrounding muscles. An anal fissure may extend into the ring of muscle that holds your anus closed (internal anal sphincter), making it more difficult for your anal fissure to heal. An unhealed fissure can trigger a cycle of discomfort that may require medications or surgery to reduce the pain and to repair or remove the fissure.

Answer: An anal fissure that fails to heal within six weeks is considered chronic and may need further treatment. ...  Once you've experienced an anal fissure, you are prone to having another one. .. An anal fissure may extend into the ring of muscle that holds your anus closed (internal anal sphincter), making it more difficult for your anal fissure to heal. An unhealed fissure can trigger a cycle of discomfort that may require medications or surgery to reduce the pain and to repair or remove the fissure.
Question: Anal Fissure I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support.

Reference:
Anal fissure (Treatment): Anal fissures often heal within a few weeks if you take steps to keep your stool soft, such as increasing your intake of fiber and fluids. Soaking in warm water for 10 to 20 minutes several times a day, especially after bowel movements, can help relax the sphincter and promote healing. If your symptoms persist, you'll likely need further treatment. Nonsurgical treatments Your doctor may recommend: - Externally applied nitroglycerin (Rectiv), to help increase blood flow to the fissure and promote healing and to help relax the anal sphincter. Nitroglycerin is generally considered the medical treatment of choice when other conservative measures fail. Side effects may include headache, which can be severe. - Topical anesthetic creams such as lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine) may be helpful for pain relief. - Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection, to paralyze the anal sphincter muscle and relax spasms. - Blood pressure medications, such as oral nifedipine (Procardia) or diltiazem (Cardizem) can help relax the anal sphincter. These medications may be taken by mouth or applied externally and may be used when nitroglycerin is not effective or causes significant side effects. Surgery If you have a chronic anal fissure that is resistant to other treatments, or if your symptoms are severe, your doctor may recommend surgery. Doctors usually perform a procedure called lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS), which involves cutting a small portion of the anal sphincter muscle to reduce spasm and pain, and promote healing. Studies have found that for chronic fissure, surgery is much more effective than any medical treatment. However, surgery has a small risk of causing incontinence.

Answer: Anal fissures often heal within a few weeks if you take steps to keep your stool soft, such as increasing your intake of fiber and fluids. Soaking in warm water for 10 to 20 minutes several times a day, especially after bowel movements, can help relax the sphincter and promote healing.  ...  Your doctor may recommend: - Externally applied nitroglycerin (Rectiv), to help increase blood flow to the fissure and promote healing and to help relax the anal sphincter. ...  Topical anesthetic creams such as lidocaine hydrochloride (Xylocaine) may be helpful for pain relief. - Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection, to paralyze the anal sphincter muscle and relax spasms. - Blood pressure medications, such as oral nifedipine (Procardia) or diltiazem (Cardizem) can help relax the anal sphincter. ... If you have a chronic anal fissure that is resistant to other treatments, or if your symptoms are severe, your doctor may recommend surgery. Doctors usually perform a procedure called lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS), which involves cutting a small portion of the anal sphincter muscle to reduce spasm and pain, and promote healing. Studies have found that for chronic fissure, surgery is much more effective than any medical treatment. However, surgery has a small risk of causing incontinence.
Question: Anal Fissure I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support.

Reference:
Anal fissure (Risk factors): Factors that may increase your risk of developing an anal fissure include: - Infancy. Many infants experience an anal fissure during their first year of life; experts aren't sure why.   - Aging. Older adults may develop an anal fissure partly due to slowed circulation, resulting in decreased blood flow to the rectal area.   - Constipation. Straining during bowel movements and passing hard stools increase the risk of tearing.   - Childbirth. Anal fissures are more common in women after they give birth.   - Crohn's disease. This inflammatory bowel disease causes chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract, which may make the lining of the anal canal more vulnerable to tearing.   - Anal intercourse.

Answer: Factors that may increase your risk of developing an anal fissure include: ... Aging. Older adults may develop an anal fissure partly due to slowed circulation, resulting in decreased blood flow to the rectal area. - Constipation. Straining during bowel movements and passing hard stools increase the risk of tearing. ... Crohn's disease. This inflammatory bowel disease causes chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract, which may make the lining of the anal canal more vulnerable to tearing. - Anal intercourse.
Question: Anal Fissure I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support.

Reference:
Anal fissure (Diagnosis): If possible, your doctor will perform a digital rectal exam, which involves inserting a gloved finger into your anal canal, or use a short, lighted tube (anoscope) to inspect your anal canal. However, if this is too painful for you, your doctor may be able to diagnose an anal fissure only by observation. An acute anal fissure looks like a fresh tear, somewhat like a paper cut. A chronic anal fissure likely has the tear, as well as two separate lumps or tags of skin, one internal (sentinel pile) and one external (hypertrophied papilla). The fissure's location offers clues about its cause. A fissure that occurs on the side of the anal opening, rather than the back or front, is more likely to be a sign of another disorder, such as Crohn's disease. Your doctor may recommend further testing if he or she thinks you have an underlying condition: - Flexible sigmoidoscopy. Your doctor will insert a thin, flexible tube with a tiny video into the bottom portion of your colon. This test may be done if you're younger than 50 and have no risk factors for intestinal diseases or colon cancer. - Colonoscopy. Your doctor will insert a flexible tube into your rectum to inspect the entire colon. This test may be done if you are older than age 50 or you have risk factors for colon cancer, signs of other conditions, or other symptoms such as abdominal pain or diarrhea.

Answer: Anal fissure (Diagnosis): If possible, your doctor will perform a digital rectal exam, which involves inserting a gloved finger into your anal canal, or use a short, lighted tube (anoscope) to inspect your anal canal. However, if this is too painful for you, your doctor may be able to diagnose an anal fissure only by observation. Your doctor may recommend further testing if he or she thinks you have an underlying condition.
Question: Anal Fissure I may have a couple anal fissures and looking to speak with someone to get some information and support.

Reference:
Anal fissure (Causes): Common causes of anal fissure include: - Passing large or hard stools   - Constipation and straining during bowel movements   - Chronic diarrhea   - Inflammation of the anorectal area, caused by Crohn's disease or another inflammatory bowel disease   - Childbirth Less common causes of anal fissures include: - Anal cancer   - HIV   - Tuberculosis   - Syphilis   - Herpes

Answer: Common causes of anal fissure include: - Passing large or hard stools - Constipation and straining during bowel movements - Chronic diarrhea - Inflammation of the anorectal area, caused by Crohn's disease or another inflammatory bowel disease - Childbirth Less common causes of anal fissures include: - Anal cancer - HIV - Tuberculosis - Syphilis - Herpes
Question: Angelman syndrome. Can a person with Angelman Syndrome have children? If so, can the disorder be passed on to offspring?

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Is Angelman syndrome inherited?: Most cases of Angelman syndrome are not inherited, particularly those caused by a deletion in the maternal chromosome 15 or by paternal uniparental disomy. These genetic changes occur as random events during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) or in early embryonic development. Affected people typically have no history of the disorder in their family.  Rarely, a genetic change responsible for Angelman syndrome can be inherited. For example, it is possible for a mutation in the UBE3A gene or in the nearby region of DNA that controls gene activation to be passed from one generation to the next.

Answer: Most cases of Angelman syndrome are not inherited, particularly those caused by a deletion in the maternal chromosome 15 or by paternal uniparental disomy. These genetic changes occur as random events during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) or in early embryonic development. Affected people typically have no history of the disorder in their family. Rarely, a genetic change responsible for Angelman syndrome can be inherited.
Question: Angelman syndrome. Can a person with Angelman Syndrome have children? If so, can the disorder be passed on to offspring?

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Angelman syndrome (Risk factors): Angelman syndrome is rare. Researchers usually don't know what causes the genetic changes that result in Angelman syndrome. Most people with Angelman syndrome don't have a family history of the disease. Occasionally, Angelman syndrome may be inherited from a parent. A family history of the disease may increase a baby's risk of developing Angelman syndrome.

Answer: Researchers usually don't know what causes the genetic changes that result in Angelman syndrome. Most people with Angelman syndrome don't have a family history of the disease. Occasionally, Angelman syndrome may be inherited from a parent. A family history of the disease may increase a baby's risk of developing Angelman syndrome.
Question: asthma Question. What is the consensus of medical doctors as to whether asthma can be cured? And do you have an article discussing whether asthma can be cured?

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Asthma (How is asthma treated?): Asthma is a chronic disease. This means that it can be treated but not cured. However, some people are able to manage asthma so that symptoms do not happen again or happen rarely.  You can take steps to control asthma and prevent problems by:

Answer: Asthma is a chronic disease. This means that it can be treated but not cured. However, some people are able to manage asthma so that symptoms do not happen again or happen rarely.
Question: asthma Question. What is the consensus of medical doctors as to whether asthma can be cured? And do you have an article discussing whether asthma can be cured?

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Asthma (Outlook (Prognosis)): There is no cure for asthma, although symptoms sometimes improve over time. With proper self-management and medical treatment, most people with asthma can lead a normal life.

Answer: There is no cure for asthma, although symptoms sometimes improve over time. With proper self-management and medical treatment, most people with asthma can lead a normal life.
Question: asthma Question. What is the consensus of medical doctors as to whether asthma can be cured? And do you have an article discussing whether asthma can be cured?

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Asthma (Overview): Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance. For others, it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it's important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.

Answer: Asthma can't be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it's important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
Question: Bad Breath I have very bad breath and at times it can make myself and others sick.  I need some advice as to what I need to do.

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Breath odor (Causes): Bad breath may be caused by:     - Abscessed tooth   - Alcoholism   - Cavities   - Dentures   - Eating certain foods, such as cabbage, garlic, or raw onions   - Coffee and poorly pH-balanced diet   - Object stuck in the nose (usually happens in kids); often a white, yellow, or bloody discharge from one nostril   - Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)   - Gum disease (gingivitis, gingivostomatitis)   - Impacted tooth   - Lung infection   - Poor dental hygiene   - Sinus infection   - Throat infection   - Tobacco smoking   - Vitamin supplements (especially in large doses)   - Some medicines, including insulin shots, triamterene, and paraldehyde      Some diseases that may be cause breath odor are:      - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis   - Acute necrotizing ulcerative mucositis   - Acute renal failure   - Bowel obstruction   - Bronchiectasis   - Chronic kidney failure   - Esophageal cancer   - Gastric carcinoma   - Gastrojejunocolic fistula   - Hepatic encephalopathy   - Diabetic ketoacidosis   - Lung abscess   - Ozena, or atrophic rhinitis   - Periodontal disease   - Pharyngitis   - Zenker diverticulum

Answer: Bad breath may be caused by: - Abscessed tooth - Alcoholism - Cavities - Dentures - Eating certain foods, such as cabbage, garlic, or raw onions - Coffee and poorly pH-balanced diet  ...  Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - Gum disease (gingivitis, gingivostomatitis) - Impacted tooth - Lung infection - Poor dental hygiene - Sinus infection - Throat infection - Tobacco smoking - Vitamin supplements (especially in large doses) - Some medicines, including insulin shots, triamterene, and paraldehyde Some diseases that may be cause breath odor are: - Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis - Acute necrotizing ulcerative mucositis - Acute renal failure - Bowel obstruction - Bronchiectasis - Chronic kidney failure - Esophageal cancer - Gastric carcinoma - Gastrojejunocolic fistula - Hepatic encephalopathy - Diabetic ketoacidosis - Lung abscess - Ozena, or atrophic rhinitis - Periodontal disease - Pharyngitis - Zenker diverticulum
Question: Bad Breath I have very bad breath and at times it can make myself and others sick.  I need some advice as to what I need to do.

Reference:
Breath odor (Home Care): Use proper dental hygiene, especially flossing. Remember that mouthwashes are not effective in treating the underlying problem.    Fresh parsley or a strong mint is often an effective way to fight temporary bad breath. Avoid smoking.    Otherwise, follow your health care provider's instructions to treat any underlying cause of bad breath.

Answer: Use proper dental hygiene, especially flossing. Remember that mouthwashes are not effective in treating the underlying problem. Fresh parsley or a strong mint is often an effective way to fight temporary bad breath. Avoid smoking. Otherwise, follow your health care provider's instructions to treat any underlying cause of bad breath.
Question: Bad Breath I have very bad breath and at times it can make myself and others sick.  I need some advice as to what I need to do.

Reference:
What is Bad Breath?: There are many reasons why you might have bad breath. You can get it if you don't brush and floss regularly. Bacteria that build up in your mouth and between your teeth produce the bad odor. Other problems in your mouth, such as gum disease, dry mouth or cavities, may also cause it. Sinusitis or problems with your nose may be to blame. You can also have bad breath if you eat some foods, like raw onions, garlic or cabbage. And of course smoking causes its own bad aroma. Some diseases and medicines are associated with a specific breath odor.      Having good dental habits, like brushing and flossing regularly, help fight bad breath. Mouthwashes, mints or chewing gum may make your breath fresher. If you have an underlying disorder, treating it may help eliminate the breath odor.

Answer: There are many reasons why you might have bad breath. You can get it if you don't brush and floss regularly. Bacteria that build up in your mouth and between your teeth produce the bad odor. Other problems in your mouth, such as gum disease, dry mouth or cavities, may also cause it. Sinusitis or problems with your nose may be to blame. You can also have bad breath if you eat some foods, like raw onions, garlic or cabbage. And of course smoking causes its own bad aroma. Some diseases and medicines are associated with a specific breath odor. Having good dental habits, like brushing and flossing regularly, help fight bad breath. Mouthwashes, mints or chewing gum may make your breath fresher. If you have an underlying disorder, treating it may help eliminate the breath odor.
Question: Bad Breath I have very bad breath and at times it can make myself and others sick.  I need some advice as to what I need to do.

Reference:
Bad breath (Treatment): To reduce bad breath, help avoid cavities and lower your risk of gum disease, consistently practice good oral hygiene. Further treatment for bad breath can vary, depending on the cause. If your bad breath is thought to be caused by an underlying health condition, your dentist will likely refer you to your primary care provider. For causes related to oral health, your dentist will work with you to help you better control that condition. Dental measures may include: - Mouth rinses and toothpastes. If your bad breath is due to a buildup of bacteria (plaque) on your teeth, your dentist may recommend a mouth rinse that kills the bacteria. Your dentist may also recommend a toothpaste that contains an antibacterial agent to kill the bacteria that cause plaque buildup. - Treatment of dental disease. If you have gum disease, you may be referred to a gum specialist (periodontist). Gum disease can cause gums to pull away from your teeth, leaving deep pockets that fill with odor-causing bacteria. Sometimes only professional cleaning removes these bacteria. Your dentist might also recommend replacing faulty tooth restorations, a breeding ground for bacteria.

Answer: To reduce bad breath, help avoid cavities and lower your risk of gum disease, consistently practice good oral hygiene. Further treatment for bad breath can vary, depending on the cause. If your bad breath is thought to be caused by an underlying health condition, your dentist will likely refer you to your primary care provider.  Dental measures may include: - Mouth rinses and toothpastes. ... Treatment of dental disease.
Question: Bipolar and Generalized Anxiety Disorder I read about TMS Therapy.  Do you know anything about it?  Has it had success?  Also wondering about ECT?  Finally, I've been told acupuncture can help for mood disorders.  Is that true for mixed bipolar and generalized anxiety disorder along with meds?  Have you ever heard of this?

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What are the treatments for Generalized anxiety disorder - self-care?: Taking medicine and going to talk therapy can get you started on the road to feeling better. It can also help you take care of your body and relationships. To help improve your condition:  - Get enough sleep.  - Eat healthy foods.  - Keep a regular daily schedule.  - Get out of the house every day.  - Exercise every day. Even a little bit of exercise, such as a 15-minute walk, can help.  - Stay away from alcohol and street drugs.  - Talk with family or friends when you feel nervous or frightened.  - Find out about different types of group activities you can join.

Answer: What are the treatments for Generalized anxiety disorder - self-care?: Taking medicine and going to talk therapy can get you started on the road to feeling better. It can also help you take care of your body and relationships. To help improve your condition: - Get enough sleep. - Eat healthy foods. - Keep a regular daily schedule. - Get out of the house every day. - Exercise every day. Even a little bit of exercise, such as a 15-minute walk, can help. - Stay away from alcohol and street drugs. - Talk with family or friends when you feel nervous or frightened. - Find out about different types of group activities you can join.
Question: Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy What information does the National Library of Medicine have that states causes of peripheral neuropathy?

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Peripheral neuropathy (Overview): Peripheral neuropathy, a result of damage to your peripheral nerves, often causes weakness, numbness and pain, usually in your hands and feet. It can also affect other areas of your body. Your peripheral nervous system sends information from your brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) to the rest of your body. Peripheral neuropathy can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes is diabetes mellitus. People with peripheral neuropathy generally describe the pain as stabbing, burning or tingling. In many cases, symptoms improve, especially if caused by a treatable condition. Medications can reduce the pain of peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy care at Mayo Clinic

Answer: Peripheral neuropathy can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes is diabetes mellitus.