deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Evening ensemble
Object type: evening ensemble
Date: 1845 – 1850
Materials: silk
Culture: american

The female silhouette of the middle of the 19th century consisted of a fitted corseted bodice and wide full skirts. The conical skirts developed between the 1830s, when the high waist of the Empire silhouette was lowered and the skirts became more bell shaped, to the late 1860s, when the fullness of the skirts were pulled to the back and the bustle developed. The flared skirts of the period gradually increased in size throughout and were supported by a number of methods. Originally support came from multiple layers of petticoats which, due to weight and discomfort, were supplanted by underskirts comprised of graduated hoops made from materials such as baleen, cane and metal. The fashions during this time allowed the textiles to stand out because of the vast surface areas of the skirt and a relatively minimal amount of excess trim.
Bosgezicht met klassicistische stoffage
Object type: drawing
Date: 1818 – 1818
Materials: paper, pencil, watercolor
Techniques: brush
Artist: jan apeldoorn
Artist role: draughtsman
Artist dates: 1765 – 1838
Subjects: forest, wood
Turfdragersgilde van Amsterdam, presentiepenning met no. 3
Object type: presentiepenning
Date: 1600 – 1800
Materials: lead
Techniques: casting
Location: amsterdam
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: amsterdam

Loden penning. Voorzijde: brandemmer. Keerzijde: letters T, D en G; onder D: cijfer 3
Speeltoren met carillon van Monnickendam
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1875 – 1875
Materials: paper, pencil
Location: monnickendam
Artist: george clausen
Artist role: draughtsman
Artist dates: 1852 – 1912
Subjects: carillon, chimes, tower (of house or building)
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘carillon - Monnickendam/ Zuider Zee’

Blad 26 verso en 27 recto uit een schetsboek met 46 bladen.
Tureen
Object type: tureen
Date: 1750 – 1750
Materials: faience
Techniques: glazing
Subjects: roses

Faience, or tin-glazed and enameled earthenware, first emerged in France during the sixteenth century, reaching widespread usage among elite patrons during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, prior to the establishment of soft-paste porcelain factories. Although characterized as more provincial in style than porcelain, French faience was used at the court of Louis XIV as part of elaborate meals and displays, with large-scale vessels incorporated into the Baroque garden designs of Versailles. Earlier examples of French faience attest to the strong influence of maiolica artists from Italy. Later works demonstrate the ways in which cities such as Nevers, Rouen, Lyon, Moustiers, and Marseille developed innovative vessel shapes and decorative motifs prized among collectors throughout Europe. While faience can be created from a wide mixture of clays, it is foremost distinguished by the milky opaque white color achieved by the addition of tin oxide to the glaze. French faience is typically divided into two types. Grand feu (high fire) describes pieces that have been decorated with glaze and metallic oxides before being fired a single time at a high temperature of around 1650°F (900°C). Petit feu (low-fire) faience, developed in the second half of the eighteenth century, refers to a process whereby the clay body is fired before being glazed and decorated with metallic oxides and then fired again at a lower temperature; pieces can also go through a third firing. Grand feu pieces have a more limited color palette that consists of blue, yellow, brown-purple, and green. By contrast, the lower firing temperature of petit feu faience enabled both greater precision in painting techniques and variety in the range of colors.
Portret van Georg Joachim Zollikofer
Object type: print
Date: 1775 – 1775
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: berlin
Artist: daniel nikolaus chodowiecki
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1726 – 1801
Subjects: johann caspar lavater, historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Ook gebruikt in: Lavater, Johann Kaspar. Physiognomische Fragmente zur Beförderung der Menschenkenntniß und Menschenliebe. Leipzig en Winterthur: erven Weidmann en Reich en Heinrich Steiner en Compagnie, 1775-1778. De prentmaker vervaardigde dit portret op basis van een tekening van een onbekende kunstenaar.
Leerd dit o jonge jeugd / Maar wilt u niet vergaapen / Al wat men op 's waerelds schouwburg spreid / Is 't regte spel der aapen
Object type: print
Date: 1787 – 1822
Materials: paper
Techniques: colour, letterpress printing
Location: netherlands
Subjects: monkeys, apes, 'mundus inversus', the reversed world, the topsy-turvy world, 'le monde bestourné'
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Blad met 4 taferelen met apen die zich gedragen als mensen. Onder elke afbeelding een vers. Genummerd rechtsboven: 83.
Woman Carrying Beer Steins
Object type: drawing
Date: 1912 – 1912
Materials: ink
Techniques: brush
Artist: f. droimer
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1912 – 1912
Subjects: women
Quo vadis?
Object type: photograph
Date: 1871 – 1925
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: carbon print
Location: great britain
Artist: frank meadow sutcliffe
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1853 – 1941
Subjects: signpost, great britain
Inscriptions: number: ‘63525/ A22’

Photographers wishing to lend their profession artistic standing could do so in various ways. Choosing subjects and poses derived from painting and sculpture was one option, soft focus was another. Sutcliffe gave this atmospheric landscape photograph a suggestive, symbolic title Quo vadis? (Where are you going?). It doubtless refers to the then popular novel Henryk Sienkiewicz published in 1895.
Bidt voor Malkanderen
Object type: print
Date: 1714 – 1714
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, letterpress printing
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: one person praying, angels
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Illustratie uit: Molinaeus, Johannes. Sleutel des hemels ofte Christelyk gebede-boek. Amsterdam: Barent Bos, 1714.
Elegantia, of tijdschrift van mode, luxe en smaak voor dames, Februari 1808, No. 37: Diadême de Fleurs et Argent,...
Object type: fashion print
Date: 1808 – 1808
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, hand coloring
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: flowers, diadem, tiara (+ women's clothes), gloves, mittens (long gloves) (+ women's clothes), clothing for the upper part of the body (shawl) (+ women's clothes), fashion plates, dress, gown (+ women's clothes), necklace (+ women's clothes)
Inscriptions: caption: ‘Diadême de Fleurs et Argent, Collier formé de Croix Robe retroussée avec des Noeuds de Pélerin.’

Volgens de begeleidende tekst (p. 64): Een deels opgetrokken japon, met gebladerte (?) gegarneerd. Diadeem van bloemen en zilver. Collier in de vorm van kruizen(?). Turks gele 'Cachemire' (sjaal). Volgens het onderschrift wordt de japon opgehouden door 'noeuds de Pélerin'. (knopen of strikken?). Prent uit het modetijdschrift Elegantia, of tijdschrift van mode, luxe en smaak voor dames 1807-1814 (onderbroken door de periode 1811-1813).
Zuiger Makasser
Object type: photograph
Date: 1922 – 1922
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: belawan
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: building-site, steamship, motorship
Inscriptions: date: ‘9/10-22’, inscription: ‘No. 241 Zuiger Makasser’

De zuiger 'Macassar', liggend aan de kade. Genummerd: 241. Onderdeel van de groep van losse foto's over de aanleg van de haven Belawan aan de kust voor Medan, Sumatra 1921-1922.
Portret van Johann Gottlieb Heinecke
Object type: print
Date: 1725 – 1779
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: scholar, philosopher, historical persons
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Heineccius/ [...]’
Ex libris van Walter Heinemann
Object type: bookplate
Date: 1880 – 1913
Materials: paper
Techniques: autotype
Location: germany
Subjects: ornamental birds: peacock
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2233
Chrysanthemum Dish
Object type: vessel
Materials: porcelain
Techniques: glazing
Location: china
Edwin John "Ed" McKean, Shortstop, Cleveland, from the Old Judge series (N172) for Old Judge Cigarettes
Object type: baseball card, photograph
Date: 1889 – 1889
Techniques: albumen silver print
Artist: goodwin & company
Artist role: publisher
Artist dates: 1850 – 1950
Subjects: men,portraits,baseball,athletes

The "Old Judge" series of baseball cards (N172) was issued by Goodwin & Company from 1887 to 1890 to promote Old Judge Cigarettes.
4 kas uit Tranquebar, Deens-India van de Deense Aziatische Compagnie (DAC) op naam van koning Christiaan VI, 1730-1746
Object type: coin
Date: 1730 – 1746
Materials: copper
Techniques: striking

Koperen munt. Voorzijde: gekroond monogram van de koning. Keerzijde: gekroond monogram van de DAC. Daaronder waarde-aanduiding: 4.
Toreador suit
Object type: toreador suit
Date: 1876 – 1900
Materials: glass, metal, silk

The tradition of bullfighting spread to Mexico with the Spanish occupation in the 16th century. The traditional traje de luces or suit of lights consists of fitted knee-length pants, vest, jacket, tie, pink stockings, and cape, and has remained unchanged for nearly two hundred years. The suits are quite expensive and take up to a month to create, with several seamstresses working in conjunction. The most traditional are densely embroidered in metallic gold and silver braid, beads, and sequins.
Busk
Object type: busk
Date: 1601 – 1700
Materials: ivory
Culture: french
Subjects: musical instruments,birds,women

The decoration on this busk includes women playing musical instruments, a bird lighting on a branch, and foliate scrolls on the front. On the back, clasped hands, flames, and a heart pierced by an arrow are represented.
Standing Male Figure
Object type: drawing
Date: 1480 – 1480
Materials: gouache
Techniques: highlighting
Artist: filippino lippi
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1457 – 1504
Subjects: men

Considered one of the most gifted draftsmen of the Florentine Renaissance, Filippino was the illegitimate son of the Carmelite friar—and famous painter—Fra Filippo Lippi (ca. 1406–1469) and the pupil of Sandro Botticelli (ca. 1445–1510). This drapery study, acquired by the Museum in 1998 as by an anonymous Italian artist, is certainly by the young Filippino, complementing therefore the Museum's other two major drawings by the artist (nos. 36.101.1 and 68.204). Made with a metalpoint on colored prepared paper—a demanding technique that Filippino mastered with ease — the drawing is datable to circa 1475–80 and it shows an abbreviated handling of the draperies and a sculptural conception of the standing figure that are typical of the artist's earliest career. (Carmen C. Bambach, 1998, rev. 2014)
Kaart van de Betuwe
Object type: map
Date: 1850 – 1949
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: maps of separate countries or regions
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Horizontal Panel with a Bird Perched at Center
Object type: print
Date: 1501 – 1700
Techniques: engraving
Artist: j. boissevain
Artist role: artist
Subjects: birds,snakes

Ornament design with a large bird with spread wings at center, surrounded by various floral motifs, shells, grotesques, and animals, including a rabbit at the lower right.
Portretten van eerbiedwaardige en geleerde mannen
Object type: print
Date: 1615 – 1615
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, letterpress printing
Artist: lucas kilian
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1579 – 1637
Subjects: historical persons, book
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Onder het portret een twaalfregelig vers.
Portret van een onbekende stierenvechter (picador), staand met lans
Object type: photograph
Date: 1860 – 1875
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: spain
Artist: juan laurent
Artist role: publisher
Artist dates: 1816 – 1896
Subjects: adult man, bull-fighter, toreador

Onderdeel van Reisalbum met opnames van kunstwerken, personen en bezienswaardigheden in Spanje.
Zephyrus
Object type: print
Date: 1810 – 1851
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Subjects: (story of) zephyrus (favonius), the west wind; 'favonio o zeffiro' (ripa)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228a
Gedeelte van het oude Beyart klooster te Maastricht
Object type: photograph
Date: 1893 – 1893
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: maastricht
Artist: anoniem (monumentenzorg)
Artist role: fotograaf
Subjects: ruin of church, monastery, etc.
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘Maastricht (L.)/ Beyaertgebouwen/ gezien vanaf punt e./ 1893’, annotation: ‘Maastricht’
Margrave Christoph I of Baden
Object type: print
Date: 1511 – 1511
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Location: germany
Artist: hans baldung (called hans baldung grien)
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1484 – 1545
Augustine Heard & Co. Bungalow, Bangkok, Siam
Object type: photograph
Date: 1865 – 1865
Techniques: albumen silver print, glass negative
Artist: john thomson
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: british, scottish
Artist dates: 1837 – 1921
The “Kōetsu Version” of Waka Poems of the Thirty-six Immortals of Poetry (Kōetsu-bon Waka Sanjūrokkasen) 和歌三十歌仙
Object type: illustrated book
Date: 1610 – 1610
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: woodblock print
Culture: japanese
Artist: unidentified artist
Artist role: artist
Subjects: poetry,men,poets

The idea of the Thirty-six Poetic Immortals dates back to the early eleventh century. In the early seventeenth century, woodblock printing spurred the dissemination of classical literature and imagery. Although traditionally attributed to the renowned calligrapher and painter Hon’ami Kōetsu (1558–1637), the handwriting here is in a generic style reflecting calligraphy conventions of the day.
Bracelet or Armlet
Object type: bracelet, armlet
Date: 1701 – 1800
Materials: enamel, gold, stone
Location: india
Luxuriant England
Object type: photograph
Date: 1870 – 1880
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: studley royal park
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: landscape with ruins, public gardens, park
Inscriptions: number: ‘7388.’
Gezicht op de Rheinstrasse te Wiesbaden
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1890 – 1899
Materials: paper
Techniques: photograph
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: street (+ city(-scape) with figures, staffage)
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘3819. Wiesbaden, Rheinstrasse’

Deze prent maakt deel uit van een album.
Candlestick (one of a pair)
Object type: candlestick
Date: 1776 – 1790
Materials: silver
Vogels en insecten
Object type: print
Date: 1594 – 1594
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: antwerp
Subjects: birds, ornament ~ cartouche
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Titelprent met titel in cartouche met ornamenten zoals guirlandes en bloemvazen. Vogels waaronder papegaai en uil zitten op het rolwerk. Onder een haan en hen met kuikens. In marge onder regel Duitse tekst.
The Century, October
Object type: print
Date: 1896 – 1896
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: anonymous, american, 19th century
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1800 – 1900
Portret van Martin Desjardins
Object type: print
Date: 1673 – 1707
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Subjects: sculptor, martin desjardins, portrait, self-portrait of sculptor, historical persons, sculpture
Albrecht en Isabella van Oostenrijk, rekenpenning geslagen op last van de Staten van Brabant
Object type: jeton
Date: 1615 – 1615
Materials: copper
Techniques: striking
Location: antwerp
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: infante van spanje isabella clara eugenia, brussels, albrecht aartshertog van oostenrijk, brabant

Koperen penning. Voorzijde: borststukken van man en vrouw onder kroon binnen omschrift; afsnede: opschrift boven siermotief. Keerzijde: wapenschild op een gekruiste bisschopsstaf, bekroond met een mijter, en een lans, bekroond met een helm, omgeven door vier met koord samengebonden wapenschilden binnen omschrift
Dish ring
Object type: dish ring
Date: 1770 – 1770
Materials: silver
Artist: christopher haines
Artist role: maker
Artist dates: 1725 – 1825
Subjects: men,fishing,trees
Yellow Dancers (In the Wings)
Object type: painting
Date: 1874 – 1876
Materials: canvas, oil, paint
Techniques: painting
Location: france
Artist: edgar degas
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1834 – 1917
Subjects: ballet, french, france, screen, costume, dresses, flowers, yellow (color), work, dancers, leisure, women, century of progress, world's fairs, chicago world's fairs
Inscriptions: Inscribed at lower right: Degas

Edgar Degas first painted dancers as an independent subject in 1871. He was to devote almost half his output as an artist to this subject, observing countless performances and rehearsals at the Paris Opéra. Here he placed the viewer in the wings, as if among the elite Opéra subscribers who roamed and socialized backstage. Dance subjects allowed Degas to contemporize his lifelong interest in showing the human body in complex movement, shifting the scene from ancient history to modern Paris. He finished and signed the present canvas in time for the second Impressionist exhibition, in April 1876.
Drie portretten van een onbekende vrouw, een onbekend meisje en een onbekende jongen
Object type: frame
Date: 1866 – 1896
Materials: cardboard, glass, metal, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: adult woman, boy (child between toddler and youth), anonymous historical person portrayed, toddler (female), amsterdam, arnhem
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘L.R. Werner/ voorheen/ P. Carstensen/ Nieuwendyk H.201/ Amsterdam/ Voor nabestellingen blijft de Plaat bewaard.’, inscription: ‘from Nell/ for Barbara/ her first nurse’, inscription: ‘Atelier/ van/ C.E. Westerborg/ Photograaf/ Arnhem/ Voor nabestellingen worden alle/ negatieven bewaard.’, inscription: ‘L.R. Werner/ voorheen/ P. Carstensen/ Nieuwendyk H.150./ Amsterdam’

Drie rechthoekige lijsten van metaal, die aan elkaar geschakeld zijn (één boven, twee onder). In de bovenste lijst een portret van een vrouw; onder links een klein meisje (kleuter), onder rechts een jongen.
Handdoek van wit linnen
Object type: towel
Date: 1880 – 1920
Materials: linen
Techniques: damask
Location: northern netherlands

Wit linnen handdoek met een patroon van een strepenrand met lelies, merk kroon H.
Percussie legerpistool model M 1815
Object type: percussion pistol
Date: 1815 – 1815
Materials: brass, iron, wood
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Inscriptions: signature: ‘D met kroon’, signature: ‘P met kroon’, signature: ‘JY’, signature: ‘IS met kroon’, signature: ‘K met kroon’, signature: ‘T met kroon’
Vestingplattegronden van Bredevoort, Axel en Terneuzen
Object type: area plan
Date: 1652 – 1652
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: fortified city, maps of cities
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 195

Rechterplaat is eerder verschenen in Stedenboeken van Blaeu (1652), linkerplaat is echter een kopie van Blaeu’s vestingplattegrond van Bredevoort. In Blaeu’s Stedenboeken zijn de plattegronden van deze plaatsen ook nooit op hetzelfde blad gedrukt.

Bekend is dat Frederik de Wit aan het einde van de zeventiende eeuw een groot deel van de platen van Blaeu verwierf, die hij hergebruikte in zijn stedenatlassen. Deze atlassen hadden een wisselende samenstelling. De huidige samenstelling is niet terug te vinden in literatuur, maar gezien de wisselende aard van De Wits atlassen zou het mogelijk kunnen zijn dat hij de uitgever is van dit blad.
Portret van een Indische man achter zijn bureau
Object type: photograph
Date: 1890 – 1920
Materials: paper, cardboard
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: dutch east indies
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: writing-table, writing-desk, adult man, anonymous historical person portrayed, dutch east indies, the

Zie gerelateerde objecten voor andere foto's van dezelfde man.
Portret van Theresa Susey Helen Talbot
Object type: page
Date: 1881 – 1891
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodburytype
Location: london
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: adult woman, historical persons
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘57 & 61, Elbury Street, London.’
Veues de Versailles
Object type: print
Date: 1686 – 1686
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, hand coloring
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: french or architectonic garden; formal garden

De prent maakt deel uit van een serie bestaande uit 87 genummerde prenten (volgens Hollstein). De serie is opgedeeld in de delen A t/m F.
Courtesan Standing Beneath a Shelf for Talismans
Object type: print
Date: 1783 – 1783
Techniques: woodblock print, hashira
Location: japan
Artist: torii kiyonaga
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1752 – 1815
Vijf heren rond een buste van Dr. Ruysch
Object type: photograph
Date: 1918 – 1944
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: amsterdam
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘Overdracht der buste van // Dr. Ruysch aan het Veiligheidsmuseum // v.l. naar r. ir H.J. Scholte // Dr Josephus Jitta (Voorz:v/d Gezondheids // raad // Dr Ruysch (zoon van bovengenoemde // Dr Ruysch) // C.J.P.Zaalberg // - - - - - - -’

Wilhelm Pieter Ruysch was tot 1918 voorzitter van de gezondheidsraad; C.C.P. Zaalberg overleed in 1944.
Cet entreé est de Monsieur le Comte de Brionne Grand Chambelan de son Altesse, representant Jason
Object type: print
Date: 1627 – 1627
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: nancy
Subjects: (story of) neptune (poseidon), musician, triton(s), (story of) jason, ships (in general), fama as roman personification, the story of the argonauts: the quest for the golden fleece, the golden fleece, hanging on an oak-tree, is seized by jason
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

De heer van Brionne, verkleed als Jason, staand op de achterplecht van een schip dat omgeven is door tritons en musicerende dames, aangevoerd door Poseidon. Daaronder een klein eiland met een draak die een ketting met het gulden vlies eraan bewaakt. Daarnaast een rotsachtig eiland met een huis erop, waarvoor de Faam staat. Boven de voorstelling een opschrift in het Frans. Deze prent is onderdeel van een serie illustraties voor een boek over de festiviteiten (o.a. een toernooi) in het hertogelijk paleis te Nancy op 14 februari 1627.
Terracotta fragment of a neck-amphora (jar)
Object type: neck amphora fragment
Date: 550 – 526
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

At the top, a band of tongues, alternating with red and black; below, wreathed, bearded man to right, wearing a himation, holding two branches in his left hand; wreathed youth to right, wearing a himation, with a neck-amphora on his left shoulder, which he is grasping by the handle with his right hand; bearded man to right, wearing a short tunic?, holding branches in both hands, and in his left, a goat by the tether; bearded man to right, wearing a short tunic?, holding three branches in his right hand, and a kanoun in the left; framing the figures, palmette and lotus ornament; below, a band of upright lotus buds; framed by two black glazed lines at the top and bottom; rays
Schoolklas met onderwijzer in Manokwari, Indonesië
Object type: stereograph
Date: 1900 – 1902
Materials: paper, cardboard
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: elementary school; class, form
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘(Zie pl. 16.) Op den achtergrond bij het bord staat de goeroe,/ (Inlandsche onderwijzer,) die door de zendelingen aangesteld is in de ook/ door hen gestichte school. (...)’, number: ‘17.’
Portretten van schrijvers
Object type: print
Date: 1834 – 1834
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: paris
Subjects: historical persons, portrait of a writer, (scenes from) specific works of literature (with author, title)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228, annotation: ‘J. Fr. C. Delavigne’