deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Portret van een zittend meisje met voetenbankje en een pop op een stoel
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1860 – 1900
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: elbeuf
Subjects: footstool, sitting figure - aa - female human figure, historical persons - bb - woman, girl (child between toddler and youth), (playing with) dolls
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘PHOTOGRAPHE/ A. DELAMARE & A. RAGUET/ 7, Rue de Paris, 7/ ELBEUF’, annotation: ‘Delamare & Raguet’
Portrait of an Indigenous Prince
Object type: photograph
Date: 1860 – 1870
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: batavia
Subjects: historical persons not known by name, java, batavia

Studioportret van een inlandse vorst, staand met ontbloot sabel. Ingeplakte foto in het fotoalbum getiteld: Gezichten van Java.
Set of Sword Fittings (Mitokoromono) with Two Additional Knife Handles (Kozuka) and a Pair of Grip Ornaments (Menuki)
Object type: set of sword fitting mitokoromono with two additional knife handle kozuka
Date: 1667 – 1733
Materials: gold alloy, gold, silver
Culture: japanese
Location: japan
Artist: gotō tsūjō
Artist role: fittings maker
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1664 – 1721

The Gotō School of sword-fittings makers was founded in the fifteenth century by Gotō Yūjō, who is said to have been patronized by the shogun Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1435–1490). The work of the Gotō masters is characterized by painterly designs carved in high relief on a ground of shakudō (an alloy of copper and gold chemically treated to turn a rich blue-black), finished in nanako (tiny circles punched regularly over the surface to give it a granular appearance) with colorful accents in gold and silver. The succeeding generations of Gotō masters continued to work in these soft metals and concentrated on the smaller sword fittings, such as kozuka (the handle of the small utility knife fitted into a slot on the back of a sword scabbard), kōgai (a skewer-like hairdressing tool carried in the front of the scabbard), and menuki (a pair of grip ornaments secured by the handle wrappings). The production of the stouter sword guards, or tsuba, was left to other masters. While earlier generations had not signed their work, the Gotō masters in about 1600 began to authenticate the work of their predecessors; the attributions usually were engraved on the backs of the pieces themselves. These attributions bear testimony to the keen interest in early sword fittings as status symbols for high-ranking samurai. The collection of Gotō sword fittings exhibited here was assembled by Count Mito Tokugawa in the nineteenth century. Each of the first fifteen generations of masters of the main Gotō school is represented by a mitokoromono, a set of matching fittings consisting of a kozuka, a kōgai, and two menuki. Two additional sets of kozuka and one set of menuki also are exhibited for each generation. This display is the most complete representation of the famous Gotō school of sword-fittings masters. These sword fittings are the work of Gotō Tsūjō, eleventh-generation Gotō master.
Bekken met renaissancevaas en vegetatief ornament
Object type: bekken schaal
Date: 1500 – 1550
Materials: brass
Techniques: casting, metalworking, engraving, punching
Location: nuremberg
Artist: Anonymous
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘DER IN FRID GWEHWAHRT (een maal)’, inscription: ‘DER IN FRID GEHWAHRT (drie maal)’

In het plat van de schotel, die in het midden het centerpunt heeft, zijn met behulp van stempels vormen geponst: een met knorren versierde renaissancevaas met deksel en een gestileerd vegetatief ornament (vier maal herhaald) en het op gearceerde achtergrond aangebrachte opschrift DER IN FRID GEHWAHRT (vier maal herhaald). In de wand van het bekken zijn visblazen gedreven. Op de boord is rondom een geponst ornament aangebracht, met als motief een gestileerd blad. De hangring aan de achterzijde en het gat in de rand zijn later aangebracht.
Earring
Object type: earring
Date: 501 – 700
Materials: gemstone, glass, gold
Techniques: inlay
Culture: byzantine or langobardic
Location: italy

Fashionable in Italy for at least a century before the arrival of the Langobards, earrings of the “basket” variety, like the many shown in this case, quickly became part of Langobardic women’s dress.
Terracotta fragment of a stemless kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 480 – 470
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Interior, impressed band of tongues, framing palmette fronds that form a rosette; Exterior, start of foot; underside of the floor is glazed, with concave and convex bands bordered by chamfered edges; the center is unglazed with two thin black glaze circles; on the convex glazed band, a graffito, TIMOS
Portret van Cornelius 's-Gravesande
Object type: print
Date: 1700 – 1800
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: historical persons
Inscriptions: stamp: ‘foto’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Ornament
Object type: ornament
Date: 2333 – 2001
Materials: faience
Location: mesopotamia
Titelpagina van: Het Groote Tafereel der Dwaasheid, 1720
Object type: titelblad, titelpagina
Date: 1720 – 1720
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing
Location: northern netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: windhandel van 1720

Gedrukte titelpagina van Het Groote Tafereel der Dwaasheid, 1720. Titelpagina in de gebonden vierde uitgave (304 B 11) van Het Groote Tafereel der Dwaasheid met spotprenten op de Windhandel of Actiehandel van 1720.
Stamboom van het Habsburgse Huis
Object type: print
Date: 1533 – 1535
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Location: low countries
Artist: robert péril
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Subjects: family lineage, pedigree, genealogical tree or table

Eén blad van twintig, vormen samen een stamboom. In de boom op een troon Rudolf I van Habsburg, keizer van het Heilige Roomse Rijk. Tien kleine medaillons met namen van familieleden. Twee cartouches met teksten in het Frans.
Fête de Saint Marc, Venise
Object type: painting
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: canvas, oil, paint
Techniques: painting
Location: france
Artist: félix françois georges philibert ziem
Artist role: painter
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1821 – 1911
Subjects: venice, italy, yellow (color), white (color), water, red (color), men, italy, flags, festivals, celebrations, buildings, building, boats, boatman
In the Upper Gallery
Object type: print
Date: 1877 – 1877
Materials: paper
Location: france
Artist: édouard manet
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1832 – 1883
Cylinder seal
Object type: cylinder seal
Date: 2960 – 2649
Materials: wood
Location: egypt
Two Sketches of Standing Laborer
Object type: drawing and watercolor
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: pen
Location: england
Artist: henry stacy marks
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: english
Artist dates: 1829 – 1898
Three Sisters
Object type: print
Date: 1913 – 1913
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: sweden
Artist: anders zorn
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: swedish
Artist dates: 1860 – 1920
Malcho Papo
Object type: pamphlet
Date: 1549 – 1577
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: pope - pp - antipope, the apostle peter, first bishop of rome; possible attributes: book, cock, (upturned) cross, (triple) crozier, fish, key, scroll, ship, tiara, allegories and personifications ~ protestantism
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240, collector's mark: Lugt 2166

Prent gebruikt op het vlugschrift: Fischart, Johann. Malcho Papo. Straatsburg: Bernhard Jobin, 1577. De voorstelling is krap afgesneden. Delen van de tekst van de originele uitgave zijn ook op het albumblad geplakt.
St. Veronica
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: germany
Artist: martin schongauer
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1430 – 1491
Portret van Adriaen Pauw op 60-jarige leeftijd
Object type: print
Date: 1716 – 1761
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: the hague, politician, adriaen pauw (1585-1653), adult man, historical persons
The Old Womans Complaint, or the Greek Alphabet
Object type: print
Techniques: etching
Artist: thomas rowlandson
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: british
Artist dates: 1757 – 1827
Subjects: satire,boys,men,women

An elderly schoolmaster sits at left addressing an old countrywoman who faces him. Four boys stand behind her. The schoolmaster says: "Good woman you are always making complaints against my Scholars, what have they done to offend you now?" She answers: "Please your Honors Worship they followd me up and down—and said one to another—At her!—beat her! damn her!—pelt her!— and a great deal more that I do not recollect." The leader of the boys bows and says: "Indeed Sir, we were only repeating our Greek Alphabet, in order to get quite perfect—what the Old Woman heard was only Alpha—Beta— Gamma—Delta—and so on to the conclusion."
Bloemenvaas
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1680 – 1695
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: paris
Subjects: flowers in a vase

Bloemenvaas waarin bloemen. Prent maakt deel uit van een album.
Armorial dish: Supper at the House of Simon the Pharisee
Object type: dish
Date: 1528 – 1528
Techniques: maiolica, glazing
Artist: maestro giorgio andreoli
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1500 – 1550
Subjects: men,christ,mary magdalene,dining,coat of arms

Robert Lehman amassed a singularly impressive collection of maiolica produced in the renowned workshops of Italy during the High Renaissance. The core of the collection derives from the first half of the sixteenth century, when both ornamentation and painting reached a pinnacle. During this period a new and soon dominant style emerged, "istoriato", which featured complex narrative compositions. The mastery of figure and perspective drawing characteristic of this style recalls the work of 16th-century painters. This large plate representing the Magdalen's visit to Christ as he dined with Simon the Pharisee is a splendid example of this decorative tradition. The composition, which captures the moment at which the Magdalen anoints Christ's feet with her tears, precipitating his forgiveness, was adapted from Marcantonio Raimondi's engraving of the subject, a common source for maiolica painters. Signed on the back by Maestro Giorgio (Giorgio Andreoli of Gubbio, ca. 1465/70-1553) and dated 1528, the plate is one of the most extraordinary products of the workshops in Gubbio in Umbria. The rim of the plate bears elaborate and energetic "grotteschi"--not necessarily executed by the painter of the central "istoriato" scene. The arms are those of Giangiordano Orsini and Felice della Rovere, daughter of Pope Julius II.
Brief aan Jan Hendrik Maschaupt
Object type: letter
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: pen, writing
Artist: adolphe mouilleron
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1820 – 1881
Subjects: jan hendrik maschaupt, leiden, amsterdam, painter, print maker, draughtsman, rembrandt van rijn, painting (including book-illumination, miniature-painting), diseases
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘RPK’
Fragment
Object type: fragment
Date: 1201 – 1500
Materials: glass, metal, paint
Culture: european
Voorovergebogen zittend mannelijk naakt (2e prijs 1806)
Object type: drawing
Date: 1806 – 1806
Materials: chalk, paper
Artist: johan christiaan willem safft
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1778 – 1849
Subjects: sitting figure (+ nude human being)
Portret van Honoré-Gabriel de Riqueti
Object type: print
Date: 1780 – 1850
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Subjects: paris, politician, honoré-gabriel de riqueti (graaf van mirabeau), historical persons, ambassador

Met vierregelig onderschrift in het Frans.
Soup plate
Object type: soup plate
Date: 1750 – 1755
Materials: hard paste porcelain
Subjects: heads,coat of arms
Icones Illvstrivm Feminarvm Novi Testamenti
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1599 – 1599
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: antwerp
Subjects: healing of a woman 'bent over' (luke 13:10-17)

Prent maakt deel uit van een prentbijbel.
View from the North Westminster Church
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: bohemia
Artist: wenceslaus hollar
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: bohemian
Artist dates: 1607 – 1677
Vier rijen friezen
Object type: ornament print
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: france

Op het onderste fries staan vijf putti, een van hen zit op een dolfijn terwijl een ander een zeepaard doodt met een lans. Blad 4 uit serie van 6 bladen, elk met vier rijen friezen, meestal verdeeld in twee tot vier compartimenten.
Zwemmen in een meer
Object type: photograph
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: rotterdam
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: wim van den bosch, rotterdam
Inscriptions: date

Twee personen zwemmend in het water van een meer. Opname gemaakt tussen 14-21 augustus 1943. Onderdeel van het familiealbum 1933-1944.
Artikel uit archief Jan Veth
Object type: article
Date: 1870 – 1931
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: pen, printing, writing
Artist: chap van deventer
Artist role: kunstcriticus, scheikundige, schrijver
Artist dates: 1860 – 1931
Subjects: dordrecht, painter, print maker, draughtsman, designer, jan veth
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘RPK’, name: ‘JAN VETH’, bookplate: ‘EX LIBRIS DELPRAT VETH 1915’

Artikel bevat aantekening op een los kaartje.
Fragment from a Lintel or Frieze with a Foliate Square and Circle
Object type: fragment
Date: 501 – 700
Materials: limestone
Techniques: carving, relief
Location: egypt

In the 500s Apa (Father) Jeremias founded a Coptic monastery at Saqqara, the ancient Egyptian necropolis (cemetery) of the city of Memphis, near the oldest pyramids. He and the earliest monks lived in tombs at the site. As the monastery grew, several grand churches with lavish decoration were built, as well as many chapels, public buildings, and complexes of cells (rooms) for each monk. The monastery continued to grow after the Arab conquest with materials from early Byzantine tomb structures being reused for additional monastic structures. Inscriptions record prayers to numerous holy figures. Sculptural elements from Saqqara are often carved with deeply undercut patterns to intensify the play of light and shadow and to mask the solidity of the architecture. This sculptural style was popular throughout the Byzantine world in the 500s.
Deur met omlijsting in de Nederlands-Hervormde Kerk te Schagen
Object type: photograph
Date: 1895 – 1895
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: schagen
Subjects: door, parts of church interior, schagen
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘Schagen (N.H.)/ Deur met omlijsting ten zuiden van het koor in de NH Kerk/ Juni 1895’, annotation: ‘Deur met omlijsting ten Zuiden van het Koor in de N.H. Kerk/ Juni 1895/ Schagen’
Bestorming van de Noordpoort te Middelburg, 1672
Object type: print
Date: 1764 – 1766
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: northern netherlands
Artist: simon fokke
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1712 – 1784
Subjects: mayor, middelburg

Bestorming van de Noordpoort te Middelburg door de opstandige boeren, 1672. Met onderschrift van twee regels. Illustratie nr. III bij een gedicht van Petrus Johannes Beronicius over de opstandige Zeeuwse boeren en het tumult te Middelburg rond burgemeester Filips van den Brande op 21 juli 1672.
Vrouwen van de stam der Bellales op Ceylon maken boter
Object type: drawing
Date: 1744 – 1765
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: brush, pen
Artist: jean covitré
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1734 – 1765
Subjects: asiatic races and peoples, sri lanka
Left end of a valance (?)
Object type: valance fragment
Date: 1501 – 1600
Techniques: embroidery
Subjects: birds,flowers
Projet d'un Salon qui devoit estre peint a S. Cloud (...)
Object type: print
Date: 1723 – 1752
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: paris
Subjects: apotheosis of hercules: he is borne to heaven in a four-horse chariot and reconciled with juno
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240
Terracotta mug
Object type: mug
Date: 460 – 460
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic
Artist: group of philadelphia 2272
Artist role: artist
Subjects: men,athletes

Jumper with halteres (jumping weights) Gymnastic training was an essential part of a boy's education. It was important for citizens to be in good physical condition, as they could be called upon for military service. Athletes who competed in the Panhellenic games at Olympia, Delphi, Nemea, and Isthmia, as well as those held by other cities, such as the Panathenaic games of Athens, specialized in certain events and worked intensively with professional trainers.
Filippo Archinto (born about 1500, died 1558), Archbishop of Milan
Object type: painting
Materials: canvas, oil
Artist: titian
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1485 – 1576
Subjects: men,portraits
Design for the Bow of a Key (?)
Object type: drawing
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: crayon, graphite, ink
Techniques: pen, wash
Artist: anonymous, french, 19th century
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1800 – 1900
Almanak met twaalf sporten
Object type: print
Date: 1898 – 1898
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: paris
Subjects: calendar, almanac, hunting dogs, jockey
Inscriptions: : ‘Mars./ Dimanche - 6 13 20 27/ Lundi - 7 14 21 (...)’

Prent maakt deel uit van een boek. Illustratie bij kalendermaand op tegenoverliggende blad.
Fan
Object type: fan
Date: 1776 – 1800
Materials: mother of pearl, paper
Culture: french
Subjects: men,women,dogs
Portret van Dirk I, graaf van Holland
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1667 – 1667
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching, letterpress printing
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: historical persons, head-gear: hat, ruler, sovereign
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 964

Prent mogelijk uit: Scriverius, Petrus. Oude en nieuwe beschryvinge van Holland, Zeeland en Vriesland (...). Den Haag: Levijn van Dijck, 1667. Of uit: Scriverius, Petrus. Hollandsche, Zeelandsche ende Vriesche chronyck. Den Haag: Johannes Tongerloo en Levijn van Dijck, s.a.
Portret van een onbekende baby in een stoel
Object type: carte de visite
Date: 1875 – 1900
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: amsterdam
Artist: johannes leonardus van der heijden
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1856 – 1937
Subjects: historical persons, infant, baby, chair
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Johs. L. v.d. Heijden/ AMSTERDAM Singel 435.’
Portret van Charles Patin
Object type: print
Date: 1653 – 1675
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: france
Subjects: charles patin, historical persons, physician, doctor
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240
Vélins
Object type: print
Date: 1596 – 1678
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Subjects: purgatory, usually the souls praying or asking for intercession
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Prent uit serie Vélins met negentig prenten naar ontwerp van Peter Paul Rubens. In de bronnen vinden we uiteenlopende gegevens over aantal en samenstelling van de serie. Hollstein hanteert het aantal van negentig prenten. De reeks Vélins in de collectie van het RMA bevat verschillende staten afkomstig uit meerdere uitgaven welke moeilijk te duiden zijn. Sommige dragen het originele adres van Schelte Adamsz. Bolswert als graveur en uitgever, op andere exemplaren is deze naam verwijderd (duidelijk zichtbaar!) en vervangen door de naam Cornelis Galle (II). De prenten met de naam van uitgever Galle zijn vaak opgewerkt. We treffen nog een andere naam van een uitgever bij enkele prent aan: Martien van den Enden. Herkomst uit meerdere uitgaven spreekt ook uit afwijkende opschriften in Nederlands en Latijn en variaties op dezelfde thema's welke misschien nooit langs elkaar in dezelfde serie gebruikt werden.
Ocarina
Object type: ocarina
Date: 1300 – 1500
Materials: ceramic
Culture: tairona people or la aguja style
Location: colombia
Terracotta fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 475 – 451
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Interior, meander and cross pattern; Exterior, palmette
Willem de Tweede
Object type: print
Date: 1749 – 1759
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: william ii (prince of orange)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 963, collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Prent ook gebruikt in: Jan Wagenaar, Vaderlandsche historie, vervattende de geschiedenissen der nu Vereenigde Nederlanden, inzonderheid die van Holland (...), 21 delen. Amsterdam, Isaak Tirion, 1749-59.
Raising of Lazarus (recto); Travelers with Cart Outside Inn (verso)
Object type: drawing and watercolor
Date: 1700 – 1799
Materials: chalk, ink, paper
Techniques: brush, pen, wash
Location: germany
Artist: Anonymous
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1700 – 1799
t'Huys te Rys-Wyck
Object type: print
Date: 1681 – 1682
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Subjects: castle

Deze prent is oorspronkelijk uitgegeven als onderdeel van de rand van de zogenaamde figuratieve kaart van Den Haag uit 1681-1682 (zie RP-P-AO-12-9D). De rand bestond uit een gezicht op de stad en veertien kleinere gezichten in en om Den Haag.
Doorway, Heckingham Church
Object type: drawing
Date: 1818 – 1818
Materials: graphite, watercolor
Artist: john sell cotman
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: british
Artist dates: 1782 – 1842
Subjects: architecture,doorways,churches

Cotman drew the south doorway at St. Gregory’s, a twelfth-century church at Heckingham, in Norfolk, while living in Great Yarmouth. By 1818 he had made two visits to Normandy to study the region’s medieval architecture. These encounters encouraged his attention to the fine Norman stonework closer to home, in this case on a small building ten miles southeast of Norwich. He used watercolor over graphite to describe four orders of shafts with cushion capitals; arches decorated with zigzags, reels, and bobbins and wheels. The open door reveals a square-bowled Norman baptismal font within, supported by squat columns and topped with a wooden cover. A patch of blue sky can be glimpsed through a diamond-paned, early Gothic lancet window.
Prince Moskova at Chalons
Object type: photograph
Date: 1857 – 1857
Techniques: albumen print
Location: france
Artist: gustave le gray
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1820 – 1884
Subjects: paris
Lamp
Object type: lamp
Date: 501 – 800
Materials: earthenware
Location: palestine
Tile
Object type: tile
Date: 1640 – 1660
Materials: earthenware
Techniques: glazing
Subjects: animals,men,fish
Rijm-prent
Object type: popular print
Date: 1861 – 1929
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing, engraving
Location: europe
Subjects: beasts of prey, predatory animals: leopard, animals, human types, letters, alphabet, script, four-wheeled, animal-drawn vehicle, e.g.: cab, carriage, coach, characters (human types)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Blad met 11 voorstellingen van verschillende aard waarvan de woorden rijmen, zoals barrevoets, in de koets, slippendrager en snippenjager. Onder elke voorstelling een onderschrift in boekdruk.
State bed from Hampton Court, Herefordshire
Object type: state bed
Date: 1698 – 1698
Materials: silk, wood
Techniques: damask

In the style of Daniel Marot, this bed was made for Thomas, Baron Coningsby (1656–1729), for Hampton Court, Herefordshire, where it remained until 1925. The curtains, counterpane, headcloth, and some of the trims are modern copies of the originals.
Vernietiging van legers van Farao in Rode Zee
Object type: print
Date: 1538 – 1538
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Subjects: with his people safe on the shore, moses raises his hands and causes the water to return; pharaoh's army perishes in the water (red sea)

Houtblok voor het eerst gebruikt in: Biblia Utriusque Testamenti iuxta Vulgatam Translationem, Lyon, M. en G. Trechsel (voor Hugo à Porta) 1538. Later in verschillende uitgaven opnieuw gebruikt.