deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Dagger
Object type: dagger
Materials: gold, ivory, silver, steel
Culture: turkish
Location: turkey

The green-stained ivory grip is carved with a delicacy that recalls many ivory objects made for the Ottoman court. The blade is inscribed in Turkish and Persian, the languages used at the Ottoman court: I besought a drink of water from your trenchant dagger, what if but once you should let me drink, what would you lose? If I thirst, his dagger is not laid down. This dagger, assembled during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid I (r. 1774–89), incorporates a superb sixteenth-century grip and blade and an eighteenth-century guard. The carved grip matches Ottoman ivories dating to the period of Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–66); its green color, beloved in Islamic thought, alludes to God and to life itself and elicits the idea of tranquility and refuge. The gold inscriptions on the blade, in Turkish and Persian, reproduce verses by the Turkish poet Necati (d. 1509) and refer to the waters of Paradise.
Pallas Athena and Mercury
Object type: print
Date: 1600 – 1600
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: netherlands
Artist: jacob matham
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: netherlandish
Artist dates: 1571 – 1631
Inscriptions: Lettered lower left: "4."; lower center: "HG. excud."; and below image: "Haec Patris e cerebro ... numina sacra viris."
Studies van groepen runderen, een boerenkar en een hooiwagen
Object type: drawing
Date: 1754 – 1829
Materials: chalk, ink, paper
Techniques: pen
Artist: jean louis demarne
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1752 – 1829
Subjects: hay-wagon
Hotels Cecil and Savoy, London
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1902 – 1930
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph
Location: dundee
Subjects: canals, waters (in city), hotel, hostelry, inn, thames
Trionfo Di Virtu. Libro Novo..., page 9 (verso)
Object type: book print ornament architecture
Date: 1563 – 1563
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: matteo pagano
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1515 – 1588
Subjects: birds

Published by Matteo Pagano, Italian, 1515-1588, Venice. From top to bottom, and left to right: Design composed of 4 horizontal registers. First register is decorated with a pattern of mandorlas that each frame a 4-petaled flower in the center. Second register is decorated with 2 circles: left circle frames a bird standing on branches and right circle frames a bird feeding her babies in a nest. Third register is decorated with an alternating pattern of circles and quatrefoils that are superimposed with a Moresque pattern. Fourth register is decorated with a curving scroll upon which "IN CLITAVI RTUS" is inscribed.
Gezicht op de Kipdorppoort in Oud-Antwerpen op de Wereldtentoonstelling van 1894 in Antwerpen
Object type: photomechanical print
Materials: paper
Techniques: photograph
Location: antwerp
Subjects: world fair, world exhibition, city-gate, antwerp

Prent op los blad tussen pagina 20 en 21.
Nachtgezicht met kerktoren en duivels
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1869 – 1869
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: paris
Artist: léon becker
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1826 – 1909
Subjects: devil(s) and demons, parts of church exterior and annexes
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Prent uit: Coster, Charles de. La légende et les aventures héroiques, joyeuses et glorieuses d'Ulenspiegel et de Lamme Goedzak au pays de Flandres et ailleurs. Parijs: Librairie Internationale, 1869.
Portret van Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune
Object type: print
Date: 1799 – 1818
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: hacking and thrusting weapons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Portret van Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune, in militair kostuum. In zijn rechterhand houdt hij een zwaard. Op de achtergrond de veldslag te Castricum. In de marge de naam van de geportretteerde en een onderschrift in het Frans.
Temple à Karnak / Temple at Karnak
Object type: ansichtkaart, prentbriefkaart
Date: 1907 – 1930
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: color autotype
Location: dresden
Subjects: temple, shrine ~ egyptian religion
Beaker with Fish Motifs
Object type: beaker
Date: 1201 – 1400
Materials: glass
Techniques: glassblowing, enamel, gilding
Location: syria
Subjects: fish

Glass decorated with contrasting colors was common in the early Islamic period and continued to be made well into the thirteenth century, as is exemplified by this marvered, enameled, and applied glass beaker.
Groepsportret van drie mannen op een bank bij de Niagara Falls
Object type: photograph
Date: 1879 – 1890
Materials: paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: united states
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: waterfall, anonymous historical persons portrayed in a group, in a group-portrait
Sakanoshita, from the series "Fifty-three Stations of the Tokaido (Tokaido gojusan tsugi)"
Object type: print
Date: 1806 – 1806
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: japan
Artist: katsushika hokusai 葛飾 北斎
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1760 – 1849
Servet van pellendamast
Object type: napkin
Date: 1739 – 1739
Materials: linen
Location: northern netherlands

Wit linnen servet met pellenpatroon, genaamd "Engelse garderobe". Merk kroon WG 36 1739.
Act Eight: The Bridal Journey from the play Chushingura (Treasury of the Forty-seven Loyal Retainers)
Object type: print
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: japan
Artist: katsukawa shun'ei 勝川春英
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1762 – 1819
Portret van Gijsbert Voet
Object type: print
Date: 1687 – 1691
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: haarlem
Subjects: utrecht
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Portret van Gijsbert Voet, hoogleraar theologie aan de universiteit van Utrecht, op 88-jarige leeftijd. Onder het portret een vierregelig vers in het Latijn.
Cameo with Portrait of John Wesley
Object type: ceramic
Date: 1767 – 1800
Materials: ceramic, jasper, stoneware
Location: burslem
Artist: wedgwood manufactory
Artist nationality: england
Artist dates: 1759 – 
Inscriptions: Mark: "WEDGWOOD" and "O" impressed
Oude Stats Herbergh / La vieille Hostelerie de la ville
Object type: print
Date: 1665 – 1665
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: rowing-boat, canoe, etc., bridge in city across river, canal, etc., hotel, hostelry, inn

Prent uit: Domselaer, Tobias van. Beschryvinge van Amsterdam : haar eerste oorspronk uyt den huyze der heeren van Aemstel en Aemstellant (...). Amsterdam: Marcus Willemsz. Doornick, 1665, p. 221.
Vessel with mythical creatures, flowers, and birds
Object type: vessel
Date: 1701 – 1800
Materials: lacquer
Techniques: painting
Culture: chinese
Subjects: birds,mythical creatures,flowers

The shape of this vessel, probably used for pouring liquids, derives from Tibet and may have been made for use in China or as a gift to a Tibetan temple or high-ranking monk
Ornamenten met bloemen
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1901 – 1901
Materials: chalk
Artist: gerrit willem dijsselhof
Artist role: designer, draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1866 – 1924
Subjects: flowers ~ ornament

Blad 22 recto uit een schetsboek met 79 bladen.
Candlestick (one of a pair)
Object type: candlestick
Date: 1710 – 1720
Materials: gilt, silver
Artist: master "rw"
Artist role: maker
Artist nationality: swedish
Artist dates: 1650 – 1750

Early-eighteenth-century Swedish silver of such a commanding quality is exceedingly rare. These refined candlesticks reflect the stylistic adaptations and the high standard of craftsmanship of the master gold- and silversmiths in Uppsala, a northern European university town. The objects' delicate ornamental vocabulary constitutes an elegant and refreshing version of what could be defined as a Swedish interpretation of the style of French designer Jean Berain. In I687 Swedish architect Nicodemus Tessin the Younger (i654-1728) visited Versailles and was fired with a deep admiration for the elaborate trappings with which Louis XIV was enshrining himself as absolute monarch. Later Tessin, responsible for the design of the New Royal Palace in Stockholm, was able to create one of the finest examples of the contemporary French idiom, mirroring now the exalted and powerful position of the Swedish king in northern Europe. French artists participated in the palace's interior decoration and thus influenced local artisans such as the maker of these candlesticks. The octagonal, incised lobbed stand of this candlestick form, however, is more closely associated with German silver, espe- cially with pieces made in Augsburg. The goldsmith may have encountered such mod- els and patterns during the requisite travels as a journeyman before becoming a master of the Uppsala silversmith guild.
Kroning van Karel V tot keizer
Object type: strooipenning
Date: 1530 – 1530
Materials: silver
Techniques: striking
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: ghent, charles v (holy roman emperor and king of spain)

Zilveren penning. Voorzijde: borststuk man met kroon binnen omschrift. Keerzijde: zuilen van Herkules met daartussen jaartal binnen lauwerkrans.
Die Bücher des/ Toni Hofer
Object type: bookplate
Date: 1930 – 1930
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Location: austria
Artist: wilhelm sauer
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1892 – 1930
Subjects: painter, toni hofer, woman (showing herself) undressed, quasi-nude, squatting, crouching figure
Hortorum Viridariorumque (...)
Object type: print
Date: 1583 – 1583
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: antwerp
Subjects: garden, french or architectonic garden; formal garden
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228, collector's mark: Lugt 2760

De serie ‘Hortorum Viridariorumque’ van Vredeman de Vries (Hollstein Dutch 470-490) is in deze editie van de serie door uitgever Joannes Galle ( en eerder door zijn voorganger Theodoor Galle) aangevuld met de serie ‘Tuinen’ van Vredeman de Vries (Hollstein Dutch 508-515) en met twee prenten van Pieter van der Borcht (I) (New Hollstein Dutch 161-162). De prenten zijn genummerd: 1-30. Origineel hoort bij deze editie van de serie, uitgegeven door Joannes Galle, nog een prent van Van der Borcht met nummer 31, maar deze prent ontbreekt in deze serie in de collectie van het Rijksmuseum.
Pedestal Bowl Depicting Bicephalic Footed Serpent with Headcrest
Object type: vessel
Date: 700 – 1100
Materials: ceramic, pigment
Techniques: modeling, painting
Culture: coclé
Location: los santos province
Subjects: serpents, animals, abstract figures, composite, iguana
Landschappen en havens
Object type: print
Date: 1656 – 1656
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Artist: stefano della bella
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1610 – 1664
Subjects: riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman, farmers
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

Een boer te paard en een boer te voet in een landschap. Op de achtergrond links een huis.
Overvloed (Abundantia)
Object type: print
Date: 1670 – 1750
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: germany
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: 'cornucopia', horn of plenty, abundance; 'abondanza', 'abondanza maritima' (ripa)
Poort op de Wereldtentoonstelling in Parijs 1855
Object type: photograph
Date: 1855 – 1855
Materials: copper, glass, paper
Techniques: daguerreotype
Artist: hermann krone
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1827 – 1916
Subjects: trees, historical persons, gate, entrance, paris
Portret van Clothilde van Frankrijk
Object type: print
Date: 1789 – 1806
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: france
Subjects: naples, clothilde van frankrijk, historical persons - bb - woman, ornament ~ medallion, ruler, sovereign - bb - female ruler
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
St. Peter's, apse, exterior niche details (recto) St Peter's, apse, exterior niche elevation and profile of scrolled console, elevation of column shaft (verso)
Object type: drawing
Materials: chalk, ink
Techniques: incising
Artist: anonymous, french, 16th century
Artist role: draftsman
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1500 – 1600
Subjects: architecture
Terracotta fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 534 – 468
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Interior, head, neck, shoulder, and part of the frontal torso of a youth looking to left
Gezicht op het Damrak te Amsterdam
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1909 – 1912
Materials: chalk, paper
Location: amsterdam
Artist: george hendrik breitner
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1857 – 1923
Subjects: urban housing, canals, waters (in city), bridge

Gezicht op het Damrak te Amsterdam met de achterzijde van de panden aan de Warmoesstraat, waaronder het theemagazijn van Snel. Vooraan figuren op de brug. Pagina 91 uit een schetsboek met 46 bladen vervaardigd te Amsterdam.
De Nelri van C. Troost
Object type: print
Date: 1850 – 1850
Techniques: printmaking, etching
Location: leiden
Artist: tieleman cato bruining
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1801 – 1877
Subjects: embracing each other, kissing, drunkenness, four-wheeled vehicle drawn by two animals, celebration meal, feast, banquet - cc - out of doors (+ toast at meal, banquet)

Na een diner verlaat een groep dronken mannen het huis. Sommigen kunnen niet meer zelf lopen en moeten door de dienaar in de koets geholpen worden. In de deuropening toosten twee mannen nog eens op de avond. Onder de trap staan twee mannen te zoenen. Behoort bij de omslag voor de Nelri-prentenserie in zes exemplaren en het tekstblad met toelichting.
Piscivm vivae icones
Object type: print
Date: 1627 – 1636
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: antwerp
Subjects: sea (seascape), bony fishes: red hake, bony fishes: sea-perch, bony fishes: blenny, bony fishes: rudderfish
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Een gaffelkabeljauw, een tandbaars, een gehoornde slijmvis en een zwarte vis liggen samen met wat schelpen aangespoeld op het strand. Op de achtergrond de zee met wat schepen. De prent maakt deel uit van een serie met vissen als onderwerp.
Lint van turkoois gaas
Object type: ribbon material
Date: 1900 – 1915
Materials: textile, silk
Location: france
Bead
Object type: bead
Date: 670 – 330
Materials: glass
Culture: roman

Black opaque bead with yellow glass thread.
Robe
Object type: robe
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: silk
Location: uzbekistan
Gazette du Bon Ton, 1922, No. 3, Croquis No. XXI (21)
Object type: fashion print
Date: 1922 – 1922
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, pochoir
Location: paris
Subjects: clothing for the upper part of the body (+ women's clothes), head-gear (+ women's clothes), fashion plates, skirt (+ women's clothes), belt, girdle, waistband (+ women's clothes)
Inscriptions: title: ‘No 3 de la Gazette du Bon Ton. / Année 1922. - Croquis No XXI’

Kostuum met wijde mouwen en grote strik op de rug. Hoed met brede rand, versierd met een lint. Prent uit het modetijdschrift Gazette du Bon Ton (1912-1925).
Portret van Albrecht Dürer
Object type: print
Date: 1645 – 1645
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: antwerp
Subjects: painter, print maker, draughtsman, albrecht dürer, styles of hairdress
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

Portret van de Duitse kunstenaar Albrecht Dürer op 26-jarige leeftijd.
Damesschoenen (avondschoen) van rood fluweel afgezet met goudkleurig leer (links)
Object type: shoe
Date: 1930 – 1940
Materials: cotton, leather, silk
Location: london
Inscriptions: : ‘27 J.J. / 5.B./8021./5350.3’

Linkerschoen van paar damesschoenen (avondschoenen) van rood fluweel afgezet met goudkleurig leer. Model: open teen en hiel, sluiting met rood koord met goudkleurige leren franjes, gevoerd met goudkleurig leer.
Waterlandschap met een pier
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1897 – 1902
Materials: paper
Techniques: autotype
Artist: k. meiche
Artist role: fotograaf
Subjects: landscapes with waters, waterscapes, seascapes (in the temperate zone), pier, quay, wharf
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Phot. Minner (Maison Fueslin-Rigaud) Genève’, monogram: ‘C. Cie’
Portret van Bonifacius de Jonge op 52-jarige leeftijd
Object type: print
Date: 1619 – 1619
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Subjects: middelburg, secretary of state, state secretary ~ government, historical persons
San Domingo, from Flags of All Nations, Series 1 (N9) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands
Object type: print
Date: 1887 – 1887
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: allen & ginter
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: flags

Trade cards from the set, "Flags of All Nations," Series 1 (N9), issued in 1887 in a series of 48 cards to promote Allen & Ginter Brand Cigarettes. The museum's collection contains the 48 cards from the Series 1 set, as well as 10 variations and 5 mis-printed cards.
Column of Place Vendôme, 1806
Object type: medal
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: gilt bronze
Techniques: struck
Artist: bertrand andrieu
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1761 – 1822

This medal was struck for the Metropolitan Museum of Art at the Paris Mint at the request of the donor, Hon. Levi P. Morton, formerly U.S. Minister to France.
Glass mosaic fragment
Object type: fragment, mosaic
Date: 34 – 33
Materials: glass
Culture: roman

Rim fragment. Translucent light blue appearing dark greyish blue, dark purple appearing black, opaque white, yellow, and red. Vertical rim, with edge ground flat; side slanting down on interior forming horizontal ridge below rim. Mosaic pattern formed from polygonal sections of a single cane in a blue ground with a black circle containing a ring of yellow rods and a central white rod surrounded by a red circle. Polished exterior; pitting of surface bubbles on exterior; dulling, pitting, and creamy weathering on interior, rim, and jagged edges.
Jacobite loving cup with Charles Edward Stuart (1720–1788)
Object type: loving cup
Date: 1745 – 1745
Materials: stoneware
Techniques: salt glaze
Capelet
Object type: capelet
Date: 1885 – 1890
Materials: silk
Culture: american
Opening van Cafe-restaurant Het Gouden Hoofd, adrespenning van B.A. Vogelsang & Co., wijnhandelaars aan de hoek Hoogstraat en Groenmarkt te 's-Gravenhage
Object type: adrespenning
Date: 1886 – 1886
Materials: brass
Techniques: striking
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: b.a. vogelsang, dagelijkse groenmarkt, hoogstraat

Messing penning. Voorzijde: naar links gewend hoofd binnen omschrift. Keerzijde: opschrift binnen omschrift
Candlestand (one of a pair)
Object type: candlestand
Date: 1780 – 1790
Materials: bronze, glass
Techniques: carving, gilding, painting
Subjects: dolphins,rams
Jakobs droom in Betel
Object type: print
Date: 1592 – 1631
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Subjects: the dream of jacob: while sleeping on the ground with a stone for pillow jacob sees a ladder reaching from earth to heaven with angels going up and down; usually with god at the top of the ladder
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘[Declaratie?] 4/ Jans: 16’, monogram: ‘IP’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228, inscription: ‘Jacques Pienas’, inscription: ‘JW Holman/ 1868’

Jakob ligt, geleund tegen een steen, te slapen in Betel. Op de achtergrond zijn droom. Hij droomt van een ladder naar de hemel waarop engelen omhoog gaan en afdalen.
Prinsep Ghat on the banks of the Hugli river in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1865 – 1875
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: kolkata
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: exterior ~ representation of a building, quay (+ city(-scape) with figures, staffage)

Prinsep Ghat is vernoemd naar de Engelse metallurg, taalkundige, antiquair en oriëntalist James Prinsep (1799-1840) die in India werkzaam was.
Afbeeldinge, van het op de Noord-Zee omzwerven, der drie Hollandsche Matroosen (...) gelukkig aangeland te Scheveningen 8 Jannuarij 1781
Object type: print
Date: 1781 – 1781
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: northern netherlands
Artist: hendrik r. van rossen
Artist role: print maker
Subjects: escape, escape attempts, rowing-boat, canoe, etc., fourth anglo-dutch war
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

De aankomst van drie uit Engeland gevluchte Hollandse matrozen bij de kust bij Scheveningen op 8 januari 1781. De matrozen ontvluchtten aanhouding in Yarmouth en roeiden in een visserspink terug naar Nederland.
Pendant
Object type: pendant
Date: 1600 – 1600
Materials: diamond, enamel, gold, pearl, gemstone
Subjects: animals,men
Art - Goût - Beauté, Feuillets de l' élégance féminine, Février 1926, No. 66, 6e Année, p. 21
Object type: magazine
Date: 1926 – 1926
Materials: paper
Techniques: hand coloring, lithograph, pochoir
Subjects: dress, gown: evening dress (+ women's clothes), powder ~ making toilet, dress, gown: day dress (+ women's clothes), fashion plates

Tekst 'Fantaisies Naissantes' met een afbeelding. Links: middagjapon van Bernard. Rechts: avondjurk van donkerblauwe zijdemousseline, van Premet. Pagina uit het modetijdschrift Art-Goût-Beauté (1920-1933).
The Duke of Gloucester (Henry Stuart)
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: netherlands
Artist: cornelis van dalen ii
Portret van een vrouw met een lange rok en een bolero bij een tafeltje
Object type: carte de visite
Date: 1860 – 1880
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: rotterdam
Artist: johannes baer
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1840 – 1912
Subjects: studio requisites ~ photographer, clothing for the lower part of the body, historical persons, styles of hairdress - aa - ~ women, clothing for the upper part of the body, skirt, family, relationship, descent, the hague
Inscriptions: address: ‘Rotterdam’

Onderdeel van Familiealbum van H.W.F. Ligtenberg en L.M. Swart met 149 foto's en cartes-de-visite.
Gedenkteken voor Gualtherus Zoutmaat
Object type: print
Date: 1793 – 1796
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Subjects: grave, tomb and other grave-forms and grave-markers
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Gedenkteken voor de predikant Gualtherus Zoutmaat.
Shabti of Osiris
Object type: funerary object
Materials: faience
Culture: egyptian
Location: egypt
Subjects: funerary art, figurines, hieroglyphs, men, mummies
Oil bottle decorated with floral scrolls and lotus petals
Object type: oil bottle
Date: 1101 – 1200
Materials: ceramic glaze, glaze, stoneware
Techniques: incising
Culture: korean

Small flat bottles like this stored oil for women’s hair.
Terracotta oil lamp
Object type: lamp
Date: 7000 – 330
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek

Wheel-made body, with applied long nozzle. Large central filling hole, surrounded by an inward-sloping narrow shoulder and a deep, incised circle; convex-curving side to cylindrical body and a single projecting knob at top edge of left side. Raised base ring and concave base. Red slip. Intact. Part of base ring pushed in before firing. Heavy, thick base.
A "Marlborough Gem": Bust of a woman in profile, her back to the spectator
Object type: pendant
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: enamel, gold, onyx, pearl, gemstone
Subjects: profiles,women

This ensemble of mixed elements has a confused history that illustrates how the age-old practice of incorporating cameos into objects of greater size and complexity continued well into the nineteenth century. The large cameo, based on a Roman type in which the subject is shown from behind (for an ancient example, see 42.11.30), was reputed to have been in the collection formed by the fourth duke of Marlborough in the mid-eighteenth century. It does not, however, appear in eighteenth century Marlborough catalogues, and its facture and assembly are later, as is the coyly imitative over-the-shoulder view. The elaborate frame, with well-wrought war trophies, was altered by the owner who purchased it when it was added into the 1899 auction of the Marlborough collection. He replaced its plain stones with smaller cameos, also bought at that sale, of which only the theatrical mask at center left and one or two others might conceivably date from classical antiquity.