deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Reliquary cross and chain
Object type: reliquary cross and chain
Date: 1601 – 1633
Materials: diamond, enamel, gold

The cult of relics was an integral part of Catholic devotion from early in the Christian era. Relics of the Passion of Christ (the events leading up to the Crucifixion), as well as those associated with numerous saints and martyrs, were prized by churches and pious individuals throughout western Europe and Byzantium. Believers in the miraculous power of relics promoted a sumptuous form of artwork by commissioning resplendent cases to surround the often miniscule fragments. Sometimes the framework would echo the source of the relic (an arm, a foot, a head). In other instances, relics were preserved in containers of more traditional form. Jewels containing relics served as gestures of piety as well as displays of personal wealth. Such devotional ornaments became especially popular in early-seventeenth-century Spain, where sumptuary laws restricted most nonreligious personal adornment. Many of the most elaborate works produced by goldsmiths and jewelers were rosaries, crucifixes, and other Catholic emblems, which enabled their wearers to evade royal prohibitions. Extraordinary jewels were also donated to churches for the embellishment of revered devotional images.
Dood van Julius Caesar
Object type: print
Date: 1675 – 1711
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: death of caesar, i.e. the murder of caesar: he is slain in the senate at the foot of pompey's statue, exclaiming 'et tu brute'
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2166

De dood van Julius Caesar. In de senaat wordt hij doodgestoken. Een godin verschijnt in een wolk. Onder de voorstelling een vierregelig vers in het Nederlands en een verwijzing naar een tekst in de Metamorfosen van Ovidius.
Hydraulic Gold Mining, Near Dutch Flats, California, C. P. R. R.
Object type: photograph
Date: 1868 – 1869
Techniques: albumen print
Location: united states
Artist: andrew j. russell
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1830 – 1902
Subjects: collected by hugh edwards
Apollo en Daphne
Object type: print
Date: 1667 – 1667
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: paris
Subjects: cupids: 'amores', 'amoretti', 'putti', daphne changed into a laurel-tree: while fleeing from apollo, daphne is changed into a laurel-tree by her father peneus (ovid, metamorphoses i 548)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240
Looking west from Life Saving Station
Object type: page
Date: 1893 – 1893
Materials: paper
Techniques: photograph
Location: chicago
Subjects: world fair, world exhibition
Inscriptions: number: ‘Plate 66’
Ovoid Jar with Handle
Object type: vessel
Materials: wood, glaze, stoneware
Techniques: carving
Location: china
Groote litho, eenig exemplaar
Object type: print
Date: 1918 – 1918
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: netherlands
Artist: erich wichmann
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1890 – 1929
Inscriptions: date
Wine jug
Object type: ewer
Date: 1700 – 1800
Materials: crystal
Techniques: bergkristal
Location: china
Artist: Anonymous
Engeland en Transvaal
Object type: cartoon
Date: 1899 – 1899
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: amsterdam
Artist: johan braakensiek
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1858 – 1940
Subjects: politician, historical persons, beasts of prey, predatory animals: lion, political caricatures and satires, zoo (as place of recreation)
Inscriptions: date

Prent uit het bijvoegsel van: De Amsterdammer. Weekblad voor Nederland, 10 september 1899.
Paradijsvogel
Object type: print
Date: 1914 – 1914
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: samuel jessurun de mesquita
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1868 – 1944
Inscriptions: signature: ‘mesquita’, monogram and date: ‘19 SM 14’

Hier heeft Jessurun de Mesquita het streven naar het weergeven van een echt dier bijna helemaal losgelaten. Wat overblijft zijn patronen binnen de omtrekken van een paradijsvogel die lijkt te zijn versmolten met de achtergrond. Wat voornamelijk telt, is het decoratieve karakter. De fijne witte lijnen in de staart van de vogel doen denken aan de manier waarop Escher de vacht van zijn ‘Witte kat’ uitvoerde.
Liggende figuren
Object type: print
Date: 1966 – 1966
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: amsterdam
Artist: aat verhoog
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1933 – 
Inscriptions: signature: ‘Aat Verhoog’

Liggende figuren; links een naakte man met uitgestrekte armen opgezet in groene lijnen tegen witte achtergrond, rechts drie schaars geklede figuren tegen gekleurde achtergrond.
Mainz a. Rhein. Hauptbahnhof
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1905 – 1908
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph, writing
Location: darmstadt
Subjects: station; shelter (railway, tramway)
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘K.W.M.’
Raadhuis in München, augustus 1932, München
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1908 – 1932
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: munich
Artist: else wachenheimer-moos
Artist dates: 1895 – 1944
Subjects: the family travelling, on holiday
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Rathaus München’

Blad bevat een foto met onbekende personen. Uit het album, half formaat, groen geaderd kartonomslag met koordbinding.
École Française. J. Vernet
Object type: print
Date: 1850 – 1850
Materials: paper
Techniques: tone lithography
Location: paris
Subjects: paris, painter, print maker, draughtsman, claude joseph vernet, historical persons, rocky coast, portrait, self-portrait of painter, storm at sea, pastorals, arcadian scenes
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Midden boven genummerd: 12. Met midden boven een portret van Vernet.
Portret van Charles de Bonchamps
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1818 – 1818
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, roulette
Location: france
Subjects: politician, commander-in-chief, general, marshal, historical persons, politician, e.g. party leader
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Mogelijk prent uit: Tardieu, Ambroise. Portraits des généraux français, faisant suite aux "Victoires et conquêtes des Français". Parijs: Panckoucke, Charles Louis Fleury, ca. 1818.
Virgin and Child
Object type: painting
Date: 1597 – 1640
Materials: oil, wood
Artist: peter paul rubens
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: flemish
Artist dates: 1577 – 1640
Subjects: madonna and child
L'Assommoir, ou scène de brasserie
Object type: print
Date: 1886 – 1886
Techniques: drypoint
Artist: marcellin desboutin
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1823 – 1902
Subjects: men,women
Terracotta rim fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 490 – 470
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Exterior, head, neck, and shoulders of filleted youth with his himation draped over his left shoulder and across his upper torso
Dorpsgezicht met karren
Object type: drawing
Date: 1870 – 1931
Materials: chalk, paper
Artist: willem bastiaan tholen
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1860 – 1931
Subjects: village
Chess table
Object type: chess table
Date: 1856 – 1856
Materials: wood
Artist: fabbrica c.v.
Artist role: maker
Subjects: chess

Under the chessboard are thirty-two velvet-lined compartments to store the chessmen. The decoration of the table combines chinoiserie, Neo-Rococo, Neo-Gothic elements.
Interieur Hotel "Duinzicht" Callantsoog.
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1913 – 1937
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph, writing
Location: callantsoog
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: city-view, and landscape with man-made constructions, interior of the house, hotel, hostelry, inn
Inscriptions: postage stamp
Twee bladzijden met stalen van sierlijsten van goudkleurig metaalpapier en bijbehorend tabel
Object type: manuscript
Date: 1830 – 1830
Materials: gold leaf, ink, paper
Techniques: manufacturing, writing
Location: france
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: ornaments ~ art

Twee bladzijden met links 21 opgeplakte en met etiketten genummerde (109-93) stalen van sierlijsten van goudkleurig metaalpapier (staal nr. 26 ontbreekt). Op de tegenoverliggende rechterbladzijde een tabel met de handgeschreven corresponderende specificaties (in code) per ornament. Onderdeel van het stalenboek geschonken door de dames Van Rijn, vermoedelijk van een Franse papierfabrikant van luxe papieren, of diens vertegenwoordiger in Nederland, ca. 1830.
Portret van een staande vrouw met fotoalbum
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1861 – 1874
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: amsterdam
Artist: albert greiner
Artist role: fotograaf, fotostudio
Artist dates: 1833 – 1890
Subjects: historical persons - bb - woman
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘A. Greiner/ Photograf/ Nieuwendijk L.87/ Amsterdam’
Portret van Simplicius
Object type: print
Date: 1760 – 1760
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: tivoli, historical persons, pope

Prent met tekst in boekdruk op recto en verso gebruikt in: Platina, Bartholomeo. Storia delle vite de' Pontefici (...). Venetië: Domenico Ferrarin, 1760.
Denarius (Coin) Depicting the Goddess Roma
Object type: coin
Date: 113 – 112
Materials: metal, silver
Culture: roman
Location: roman empire

The denarius, introduced in 211 BCE, was the principal silver coin of Rome for five hundred years. The profile
head of the goddess Roma—the personification of Rome—was the most popular image depicted on silver denarii in the second and first centuries BCE.
Drum or Container
Object type: drum or containter
Date: 1867 – 1900
Materials: wood
Culture: native american
Location: canada
Subjects: men,trees
Annie
Object type: print
Date: 1858 – 1858
Materials: chine, ink, paper
Techniques: printmaking, etching, printing
Artist: james mcneill whistler
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1834 – 1903
Subjects: girls,portraits

Early in 1858 Whistler went to London from Paris to recuperate from a bad fall and stayed with his sister Deborah and her husband Seymour Haden. A gifted etcher, the latter encouraged the artist’s first serious efforts in the medium. This example centers on Whistler's niece and emphasizes an abstract pattern of darks and lights over portraiture, omitting the figure's legs. In November 1858, Whistler included the print in his first published set, "Douze eau-fortes d'apres Nature" ("Twelve Etchings from Nature"), known as the "French Set."
Portret van een onbekende vrouw
Object type: photograph
Date: 1882 – 1903
Materials: paper, cardboard
Techniques: collodion silver print
Location: goes
Artist: sytze reinder elzinga
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1858 – 1912
Subjects: adult woman, anonymous historical person portrayed
Inscriptions: address: ‘Laurens Pieter van de Spiegelstraat./ Goes.’, inscription: ‘Nieuwste Inrichting voor vergrootingen/ naar album of kleinere portretjes.’
Doorn 23 july 1860
Object type: drawing
Date: 1860 – 1860
Materials: paper, pencil
Techniques: drawing
Location: doorn
Artist: johannes hendrik van west
Artist role: draughtsman, painter
Artist dates: 1803 – 1881
Inscriptions: date
De twaalf maanden
Object type: print
Date: 1616 – 1616
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: northern netherlands
Subjects: cancer (zodiacal sign of june), landscape symbolizing june, well, herding, herdsman, herdswoman, shepherd, shepherdess, cowherd, etc., flute, aulos, tibia - cc - out of doors
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228, collector's mark: Lugt 240, collector's mark: Lugt 698

Een landschap met een een waterput, voorstellende de maand juni. Links een op een fluit spelende herder bij zijn kudde. Links- en rechtsboven de bij deze maand behorende symbolen van het sterrenbeeld kreeft. Zesde prent uit een serie van twaalf.
Covered Box with Lotus Bud Knob and Lotus Flower Motif on Lid
Object type: ceramic
Date: 1401 – 1500
Materials: cobalt, stoneware
Techniques: glazing, underglaze
Location: vietnam
The Courtesan Hanaogi of the Ogiya
Object type: print
Date: 1798 – 1798
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: japan
Artist: ichirakutei eisui
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1790 – 1823
Wall light (bras de lumière) (one of a pair)
Object type: wall light
Date: 1775 – 1775
Materials: bronze
Techniques: gilding
Artist: robert joseph auguste
Artist role: maker
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1723 – 1805

The female figures evolving from acanthus leaves which form the stem of these wall brackets are so-called grotesque figures inspired by the fanciful wall decoration found in Roman houses. Reintroduced during the Renaissance, the grotesque quickly became fashionable throughout Europe.
Huizen aan een waterkant
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1811 – 1811
Materials: chalk, paper
Artist: andreas schelfhout
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1787 – 1870
Subjects: landscapes with waters, waterscapes, seascapes (in the temperate zone), rural housing, e.g. country-house, villa, cottage

Tussen de huizen staan een toren en een steiger. Blad 16 recto uit een schetsboek met 75 bladen.
Portret van de predikant Hinderk H. Hesse
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: hinderk h. hesse
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Tempelgården i Shigatse, Tibet
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1952 – 1979
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: autotype
Location: stockholm
Subjects: temple, shrine ~ hinduism, buddhism, jainism, front steps
Kesa
Object type: textile
Materials: gilt, paper, silk
Techniques: bookbinding, patterning, weave
Location: japan

Given that Buddhism was introduced into Japan from China, and many Japanese priests and monks visited China as part of their training, it is understandable that the influence of China continued to be felt in Japan for centuries. Even during the Edo period, when Japan was all but closed to the outside world, there was still a reverence for things Chinese, as exemplified by the use of treasured Chinese fabric, perhaps once part of a robe, in this striking kesa. The five-clawed dragon indicates Chinese imperial production.
Shoes
Object type: shoe
Date: 1860 – 1879
Materials: leather
Culture: italian
Contadina
Object type: costume print
Date: 1598 – 1598
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Subjects: fashion plates
Nouveau Recueil des Troupes Legeres de France Levees depuis la presente Guerre, avec la date de leur creation, le nombre dont chaque Corps est compose; leur Uniforme & leurs Armes
Object type: book
Date: 1747 – 1747
Artist: p. b. la rüe
Artist role: illustrator
Subjects: coat of arms
Back front & side view of a Dutch light horse-man, with their improved method of mounting
Object type: cartoon
Date: 1794 – 1794
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, hand coloring
Location: london
Subjects: fat (human type), saddling and bridling, preparation for battle (+ calvary, horsemen), horse, dutch republic

A characteristic feature of how the Dutch are portrayed in English satirical prints is their great girth. A love of smoking and gin were also deemed typically Dutch. Here, Cruikshank ridicules the physique of the Dutch soldier. To mount a horse, these ‘light’ cavalrymen need an improvised pulley. The French had nothing to fear from these troops.
Caricature of the Art of Painting
Object type: drawing
Date: 1800 – 1866
Materials: ink
Techniques: pen
Location: france
Artist: hippolyte bellangé
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1800 – 1866
Subjects: painting
Nederlandse troepen verlaten Oostende
Object type: print
Date: 1830 – 1831
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: brussels
Subjects: transport, train (military)

Prent maakt deel uit van een serie met prenten over de gebeurtenissen tijdens de Belgische Revolutie in Brussel, Antwerpen en andere steden in de periode 25 augustus 1830 tot 27 maart 1831.
Dolph Kessler met een vriend in het bos bij Gainsborough
Object type: photograph
Date: 1903 – 1904
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: gainsborough
Artist: geldolph adriaan kessler (dolph)
Artist role: fotograaf, industrieel, voetballer
Artist dates: 1884 – 1945

Dolph Kessler met een vriend in het bos bij vermoedelijk Gainsborough. Onderdeel van het fotoalbum van Dolph Kessler met opnamen die hij maakte tijdens zijn verblijf in Engeland en op een wereldreis die hij als secretaris van Henri Deterding (directeur Koninklijke Olie) ondernam naar Nederlands-Indië, Japan, China en de Verenigde Staten, tussen 1906 en 1908.
Muziekvereniging Ste Mozart
Object type: insignia
Date: 1825 – 1875
Materials: silver, textile
Techniques: striking
Location: amsterdam
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: amsterdam

eenzijdig insigne, bestaand uit gekroond wapenschild op twee gekruiste bazuinen, omhangen met wimpel met opschrift; aan keerzijde bevestigd een strik met witte baan tussen twee roze
Suezkanaal met pier in Port Said met op de achtergrond reclame voor 'Dewar's whisky'
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1900 – 1920
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: port said
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: advertising, canal, pier, quay, wharf

Onderdeel van reisalbum met foto's van bedrijvigheid en bezienswaardigheden op Sumatra en Java en van de reis naar en van Nederlands-Indië.
Coin
Object type: coin
Materials: copper
Location: al-rafiqa

This coin was excavated at the site of Tepe Madrasa in Nishapur. Nishapur was a vital city in the early and middle Islamic periods, located along one of the main trajectories that connected Iran and West Asia Islamic lands with Central Asia and China. These itineraries are often referred by the term ‘Silk routes’ but were in fact crucial to the movement of constellations of materials and objects, as well as people and ideas. The diverse population of Nishapur and its surroundings, from the better-researched elite groups of merchants, land-owning aristocracy, and literates, to the less-known artisans, farmers, miners, and servants, were instrumental in adapting global cultural trends to create their own distinctive visual languages. This is seen in the material remains of everyday life in medieval Nishapur — from pots and pans to lighting devices, inkwells, textiles and trimmings, jewelry, games and toys, talismanic devices, weapons, coins, and architectural fragments. Nishapur lost its political prominence due to a series of earthquakes and invasions that peaked in the thirteenth century. Today, the medieval city is a vast archaeological area, while the relatively small modern city is situated to its north. Instead, Mashhad, a major pilgrimage site, emerged as a major prosperous metropolis in the region. Between 1935 and 1948, the "Persian Expedition" of the Metropolitan Museum of Art excavated at several sites at Nishapur under an agreement with the Iranian authorities. The recovered artifacts were divided in half between the two countries, resulting in over four thousand objects in the Met’s collection today. As part of the larger "Persian Expedition" project at Nishapur, American archaeologists and hundreds of Iranian workers excavated a mound named Tepe Madrasa. There, they uncovered an architectural complex which they tentatively associated with a palace or governmental center because of the solidity of the built structures and the extent and variety of wall decorations (including carved and painted brickwork, glazed tiles, wall paintings, and carved and painted stuccoes). This, together with the ceramic and metal finds, aided in attributing the site to the ninth or tenth century onwards. A mosque, refurbished multiple times up to the late eleventh century, was also unearthed, yielding the remains of a monumental entrance with a large terracotta inscription bearing the titles of a sultan (39.40.58, .60–64). Several twelfth century tombstones were also unearthed, showing the shift in purpose of what was earlier a residential area.
Terracotta fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 490 – 480
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Interior, right buttock and part of upper thigh of male with drapery?
Tower of Calais (Tour de Calais), from "Views of seaports" (Vues de ports de mar)
Object type: print
Date: 1647 – 1647
Techniques: etching
Artist: stefano della bella
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1610 – 1664
Subjects: towers,men,seas,waves,ships
Karlsruhe. Krematorium
Object type: ansichtkaart, prentbriefkaart
Date: 1905 – 1906
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph
Location: karlsruhe
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: body-burning, cremation
Pair of mules
Object type: childrenswear
Date: 1800 – 1900
Materials: copper, leather, wood
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous

Schoen of muil met houten zolen die in de buiging van de voet scharniert. Voorzool en hak met ller bekleed, vierkante neus. Hielband en gespen van koper. Gemerkt: 154. Kindermodel
Landschap met bomen bij een plas
Object type: print
Date: 1850 – 1850
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Subjects: landscapes, pond, pool
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Ceramic Fragment
Object type: fragment
Date: 901 – 1100
Materials: earthenware
Techniques: molding
Location: iran

This ceramic fragment was excavated at the site of Tepe Madrasa in Nishapur. Nishapur was a vital city in the early and middle Islamic periods, located along one of the main trajectories that connected Iran and West Asia Islamic lands with Central Asia and China. These itineraries are often referred by the term ‘Silk routes’ but were in fact crucial to the movement of constellations of materials and objects, as well as people and ideas. The diverse population of Nishapur and its surroundings, from the better-researched elite groups of merchants, land-owning aristocracy, and literates, to the less-known artisans, farmers, miners, and servants, were instrumental in adapting global cultural trends to create their own distinctive visual languages. This is seen in the material remains of everyday life in medieval Nishapur – from pots and pans to lighting devices, inkwells, textiles and trimmings, jewelry, games and toys, talismanic devices, weapons, coins, and architectural fragments. Nishapur lost its political prominence due to a series of earthquakes and invasions that peaked in the thirteenth century. Today, the medieval city is a vast archaeological area, while the relatively small modern city is situated to its north. Instead, Mashhad, a major pilgrimage site, emerged as a major prosperous metropolis in the region. Between 1935 and 1948, the "Persian Expedition" of the Metropolitan Museum of Art excavated at several sites at Nishapur under an agreement with the Iranian authorities. The recovered artifacts were divided in half between the two countries, resulting in over four thousand objects in the Met’s collection today. As part of the larger "Persian Expedition" project at Nishapur, American archaeologists and hundreds of Iranian workers excavated a mound named Tepe Madrasa. There, they uncovered an architectural complex which they tentatively associated with a palace or governmental center because of the solidity of the built structures and the extent and variety of wall decorations (including carved and painted brickwork, glazed tiles, wall paintings, and carved and painted stuccoes). This, together with the ceramic and metal finds, aided in attributing the site to the ninth or tenth century onwards. A mosque, refurbished multiple times up to the late eleventh century, was also unearthed, yielding the remains of a monumental entrance with a large terracotta inscription bearing the titles of a sultan (39.40.58, .60–64). Several twelfth century tombstones were also unearthed, showing the shift in purpose of what was earlier a residential area.
Hyacinthenvelden bij Hillegom
Object type: ansichtkaart, prentbriefkaart
Date: 1907 – 1907
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: lithograph
Location: leipzig
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: bulb field
Inscriptions: date