deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Portret van Pietro Aretino
Object type: print
Date: 1649 – 1651
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: antwerp
Subjects: venice
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

De prent maakt deel uit van een tiendelige serie met Italiaanse portretten (ongenummerd).
'Kijk', exemplaar nr. 26
Object type: magazine
Date: 1945 – 1945
Materials: paper
Techniques: printing
Location: london
Subjects: tweede wereldoorlog, bevrijding van nederland (1945)
Inscriptions: title: ‘Kijk’

"Kijk wordt om de veertien dagen uitgegeven door de Amerikaanschen Voorlichingsdienst om eht wereldnieuws te geven in woord en beeld, totdat uw eigen pers deze taak kan overnemen." Omschrijving van het blad Kijk, overgenomen uit dit blad.
Arm Guard
Object type: arm guard
Date: 1701 – 1800
Materials: silver, steel, textile
Culture: indian
Location: south india
Top for standard
Object type: standard top
Date: 900 – 701
Materials: bronze
Culture: iranian
Location: iran, probably from luristan
Bear Hunt, from "Venationes Ferarum, Avium, Piscium..."
Object type: print
Date: 1501 – 1600
Techniques: engraving
Artist: jan van der straet, called stradanus
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: netherlandish
Artist dates: 1523 – 1605
Subjects: human figures,bears,armor,hunting
Badende jongens bij het strand
Object type: print
Date: 1857 – 1935
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: berlin
Artist: max liebermann
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1847 – 1935
Subjects: taking a bath - aa - in the open air, beach
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Sala Capitular, kathedraal te Toledo
Object type: photograph
Date: 1850 – 1899
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: spain
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: toledo cathedral
Inscriptions: stamp: ‘UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM / KUNST / HISTORISCH / INSTITUUT’, inscription

Foto uit de studiecollectie van het Kunsthistorisch Instituut van de Universiteit van Amsterdam.
Heilige Franciscus van Assisi knielend voor crucifix
Object type: print
Date: 1500 – 1575
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: italy
Subjects: founder of the order of friars minor (franciscans), francis(cus) of assisi; possible attributes: book, crucifix, lily, skull, stigmata
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 12

Kopie naar prent van Marcantonio Raimondi.
An apostle with a long beard looking down at an open book, in an oval frame, from "Christ, the Virgin, and Thirteen Apostles"
Object type: print
Date: 1600 – 1640
Materials: ink
Techniques: etching, pen
Artist: anonymous, 17th century
Artist role: artist
Artist dates: 1600 – 1700
Subjects: reading,apostles

From Christ, the Virgin and Thirteen Apostles, a series of fifteen busts in oval frames printed from one plate, after Reni. Brown ink drawn around the outer border of the sheet.
Stemmed Bowl
Object type: bowl
Date: 1046 – 256
Materials: earthenware
Culture: chinese
Natural Bridge, Virginia (Copy after an Engraving in François Jean, Marquis de Chastellux, Travels in North America, 1787)
Object type: watercolor
Date: 1811 – 1813
Materials: gouache, paper, watercolor
Culture: american
Artist: pavel petrovich svinin
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: russian
Artist dates: 1787 – 1839
Subjects: landscapes
Borstbeeld van een man met baard
Object type: print
Date: 1625 – 1674
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: adult man
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228a
Strook katoen met kantborduurwerk met opengewerkte bloemen en bessen
Object type: strip
Date: 1860 – 1880
Materials: cotton
Techniques: weave, embroidery
Location: amsterdam
Artist: c.i. bosch reitz-teding van berkhout
Artist role: kantwerkster

Strook naturelkleurig katoen met kantborduurwerk: Engels borduurwerk. De strook heeft een schulpenrand en een zich herhalend en doorlopend patroon met een golvende rank met opengewerkte bloemen, bladeren en bessen.
Counter box with thirty-two counters
Object type: counter box
Date: 1632 – 1649
Materials: silver
Artist: willem de passe
Artist role: designer
Artist nationality: dutch
Artist dates: 1592 – 1641
Gedicht aan Ludolf Backhuysen (II)
Object type: poem
Date: 1760 – 1760
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: pen, writing
Location: amsterdam
Artist: christina sibilla charlotta bakhuizen
Artist dates: 1750 – 1810
Subjects: painter
Inscriptions: watermark, collector's mark: Lugt 2233
Vlag van Groot-Brittannië
Object type: drawing
Date: 1667 – 1670
Materials: ink, paper, watercolor
Techniques: brush, pen
Location: france
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: flag, colours (as symbol of the state, etc.), great britain, england
Inscriptions: number: ‘75 / LXXVII / 77’

Vlag van Groot-Brittannië. Witte vlag met in de linker bovenhoek het kruis van Sint-Joris (Saint George's Cross), de Engelse vlag. Vlag op vlaggensteng en mastvoet. Afgebeeld op folio 39r. Onderdeel van een vlaggenboek met vlaggen uit Europa, Noord-Afrika, Nabije en Verre Oosten.
Begrafenis van Daniël Raap te Amsterdam in 1754
Object type: print
Date: 1786 – 1786
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: netherlands
Subjects: funerary ceremonial
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Gebruikt als illustratie in: Arend Fokke Simonsz. De vaderlandsche historie in themata. Amsterdam: Arend Fokke Simonsz., edities tussen 1783-ca. 1792. Daarbij zijn vier illustraties met de gebeurtenissen rond de begrafenis van Raap opgenomen, deze zijn genummerd 1 t/m 4.
Tassel
Object type: tassel
Date: 1601 – 1700
Materials: metal thread, silk
Captain Downman, the artist's brother
Object type: drawing
Date: 1776 – 1776
Materials: chalk
Techniques: brush, wash
Artist: john downman
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: british, welsh
Artist dates: 1749 – 1824
Subjects: men,portraits

In this early work, Dowman used subtle grays to portray his elder brother Francis. An inscription at lower right indicates that the sitter holds the rank of captain. He later was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the Royal Artillery, and participated in the 1778 British capture of the Caribbean island of St. Lucia from the French.
Vuurwerk afgestoken op 15 oktober 1745, de naamdag van Maria Theresia, in opdracht van Anthoni de Groot
Object type: print
Date: 1745 – 1747
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching, hand coloring
Location: northern netherlands
Subjects: publisher, anthoni de groot, frans i stefan (duits keizer), bonfire, fire-works (+ illumination, fire-works ~ festive activities), the hague
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Vuurwerk afgestoken op 15 oktober 1745, de naamdag van Maria Theresia, in opdracht van de uitgever Anthoni de Groot op de Grote Bierkade te Den Haag.
Ink stand with horses, vases and flowers
Object type: inkstand
Date: 1750 – 1799
Materials: cobalt, glaze, stoneware
Techniques: firing, forming, relief, turning, vitrification
Location: westerwald
Artist: Anonymous

Inkstel van steengoed met een pennenbak en twee houders voor de inktpot en de zandstrooier. Gedeeltelijk bedekt met kobaltblauw. De voor- en achterzijde met een reliëfdecoratie van een gedrukte en opgelegde bloem geflankeerd door steigerende paarden en twee-orige vazen omgeven door een festoen. Op de bovenzijde een ingegrifte, gestileerde bloeiende plant. Op elke hoek een gemodelleerde 'klinknagel'. Westerwald.
Terracotta rim fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 475 – 451
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Exterior, two branches with leaves
Plate 4: Boy with a lace collar holding a piece of fruit in his hands, from "Icones ad vivum expressae"
Object type: print
Date: 1743 – 1743
Techniques: etching
Artist: giovanni cattini
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1715 – 1800
Subjects: boys,portraits

Cattini engraved a set of 15 plates (frontispiece plus 14 numbered plates) after Piazzetta, entitling them: Icones ad vivum expressae. Most copies of the set are dated 1754 on the title page. A fine early set in the Mariette album of Piazzetta engravings in the Biblioteque Nationale is dated 1743. Moschini and Palluchini refer to a title page of 1763. Teodoro Viero reissued a reduced set of 8 plates plus title page in 1767. Several prints in the set were also copied by Johann Lorenz Haid of Augsburg (1702 - 1750), 1743-1750 and by Franz Xavier Jungwirth of Munich (1720-1790) in 1753 (see: George Knox, Piazzetta, exh. cata., National Gallery, 1983, no. 25; Maria Wiel, L'eredità di Piazzetta, 1996, no.73, p.45).
Breslau. Partie an der Aegidiekirche
Object type: ansichtkaart, prentbriefkaart
Date: 1908 – 1908
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph
Location: breslau
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: church (exterior)
Inscriptions: date
Study of a Nude Woman, from Behind
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: france
Artist: jean louis forain
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1852 – 1931
Harlequin
Object type: figure
Date: 1770 – 1770
Materials: hard paste porcelain
Artist: fulda pottery and porcelain manufactory
Artist role: manufactory
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1764 – 1789
Subjects: men
A beggar in a tall hat and long cloak, with a cottage and two figures in the background
Object type: print
Date: 1841 – 1911
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Artist: léopold flameng
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1831 – 1911
Subjects: beggar
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Landsknechten
Object type: print
Date: 1524 – 1562
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: nuremberg
Artist: virgilius solis
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1514 – 1562
Subjects: riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman, ranks in the army, the soldier; the soldier's life
Inscriptions: number: ‘146’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Maakt deel uit van een serie van zeven prenten met landsknechten.
Vase
Object type: vase
Date: 1900 – 1600
Materials: terracotta
Culture: cypriot
Nouveau Livre de Vases
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: paris
Subjects: vase ~ ornament, the soldier; the soldier's life, garden vase
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Prent maakt deel uit van een serie van zeven prenten.
A Bird's-Eye View
Object type: painting
Date: 1889 – 1889
Materials: canvas, oil
Culture: american
Artist: theodore robinson
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1852 – 1896
Subjects: houses,landscapes

Theodore Robinson, although academically trained at France’s École des Beaux-Arts, became the leading American disciple of the progressive impressionist Claude Monet. Living as a close friend and neighbor of the famous painter in the artists’ colony of Giverny between 1887 and 1892, Robinson experimented with plein-air (outdoor) painting in numerous depictions of that bucolic village, such as this work.
Portret van Anna van Hannover
Object type: print
Date: 1771 – 1816
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: anna van hannover

Portret van Anna in een cirkel. Op een voetstuk een oranjetak.
Of-conterfeytinge der Stad Hulst met syne Polders en[de] Schansen, waer op den Coronel la Borlotte den 10. Iulij des nachts met synen aenslach heeft gemaket en[de] veel volcks opgebracht, welck hem en vele vanden synen t'leven heeft gecost, anno 1596
Object type: print
Date: 1596 – 1598
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: low countries
Subjects: brussels, albrecht aartshertog van oostenrijk, siege, position war

Beleg van Hulst door het Spaanse leger onder aartshertog Albrecht van Oostenrijk, eerste fase 8 juli - 11 juli 1596. Plan van Hulst met omringende schansen, polders en verdronken land. Onderaan het Spaanse kamp van waaruit de vaart is overgestoken om schansen in handen van het Staatse leger aan te vallen. Rechtsboven een windroos en passer voor de schaal. Alle opschriften in de plaat in het Nederlands.
Four-Armed Ganesha Dancing
Object type: plaque
Date: 1501 – 1700
Materials: copper alloy, gilt
Culture: nepali
Subjects: dancing,elephants,ganesha

This plaque depicts the popular Hindu god Ganesha. Ganesha is popularly thought of as the son of Shiva and Parvati and is worshipped for his ability to remove obstacles. He is also the guardian of doorways and the lord of beginnings and his name is invoked before any new undertaking is commenced. Although there are a number of stories describing how he received his elephant head, the most common recounts that Parvati, while Shiva was away, created Ganesha from the dry skin she sloughed off in a bath. She sent him to guard the door to her bath. When Shiva returned home he did not realize that it was his wife's son guarding the door. Denied entry to her chamber, he lopped off Ganesha's head when the two came to blows. When he discovered the truth, Shiva ordered that the head of the first sentient being that came into view be given to Ganesha. Thus, he received the head of an elephant. Ganesha was just a child at the time and he is usually depicted with a chubby body and holding a bowl of sweetmeats, shown here in his lower left hand. His other three hold a rosary, an ax, and a broken tusk. The last object alludes to a well-known tale in which the portly Ganesha hurled a tusk at the moon in embarrassment after the moon saw his stomach burst from overeating.
Carchesius
Object type: medallion
Date: 1541 – 1541
Materials: wood
Artist: hans kels the younger
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1508 – 1565
Subjects: men,profiles

The artist who made this medallion paid the same careful attention to the clothing as the carver of a related five-figure statuette group (17.190.258a–f) also in The Met's collection.
Plaque
Object type: plaque
Date: 1800 – 1883
Materials: brass, marble
Culture: american
Location: united states
Subjects: men,profiles
Terracotta fragment of a lid
Object type: lid fragment
Date: 600 – 401
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic
Journal des Dames et des Modes, Costumes Parisiens, 1913, No. 108 : Robe de linon (...)
Object type: fashion print
Date: 1913 – 1913
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, hand coloring, pochoir
Subjects: empty bird cage, birds (+ man and animal), feeding wild animals (+ variant), fashion plates, head-gear: hat (+ women's clothes), dress, gown (+ women's clothes), piece of clothing covering the breast or décolleté (fichu) (+ women's clothes)
Inscriptions: caption: ‘Robe de linon rayé, bordée de linon rose_ fichu aussi de linon rose.’, title: ‘Costumes Parisiens’

Vrouw in een jurk van gestreept linnen, afgezet met roze linnen. Fichu ook van roze linnen. In één hand heeft zij een vogelkooi en in de andere hand een voederbakje met vogel. Prent uit het modetijdschrift Journal des Dames et des Modes (1912-1914).
Christ Carrying the Cross
Object type: print
Date: 1575 – 1616
Techniques: etching
Artist: jacques bellange
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1575 – 1616
Subjects: soldiers,christ,cross,crowd
Pierre-Auguste Renoir, calling card
Object type: print, calling card
Date: 1864 – 1919
Techniques: engraving
Artist: Anonymous
Artist role: artist

F. C. Schang donated 64 artists’ calling cards to The Met between 1977 and 1989. The calling cards are housed in an album that also includes Schang’s collection of stamps and other related ephemera. Calling cards derived from a custom, originating in England, in which messages were inscribed on the backs of playing cards. Cards made for the express purpose of sharing hand-written messages were manufactured beginning in the eighteenth century; by the early-nineteenth century, calling cards had become a popular means for sending well wishes, holiday greetings, condolences, and messages of courtship.
Ruiter die zijn pistool afvuurt
Object type: photograph
Date: 1850 – 1867
Materials: cardboard, paint, paper
Techniques: brush, smokepicture
Location: germany
Artist: august erxleben
Artist role: draughtsman
Artist dates: 1822 – 
Subjects: riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman, firearms, germany
Inscriptions: signature: ‘Erxleben’, inscription: ‘Rauchbild,/ gefirnisst/ 114654’, inscription: ‘DM 600,-’, inscription: ‘August Erxleben/ tätig um 1859-67 in München, danach Amerika/ Galoppierender im Angriff. Überarbeitetes Rauchbild. (...) Alt montiert.’
Landschap met Narcissus
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1570 – 1570
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: antwerp
Artist: johann sadeler (i)
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1550 – 1600
Subjects: narcissus changed into a narcissus: when narcissus is pining away for the love of his image reflected from the water, he is changed into a narcissus (ovid, metamorphoses iii 510)
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘80’

Gemonteerd op 16de-eeuws albumblad met op recto twee etsen van Etienne Duperac.
Portret van Jan Neyen
Object type: print
Date: 1783 – 1795
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: antwerp, spain, hourglass
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Latere staat prent gebruikt in: Fokke, Jan. Geschiedenissen der Vereenigde Nederlanden voor de vaderlandsche jeugd Ie-XXVste deel. Amsterdam: Johannes Allart, 1783-1795. Deel VI.
The Actors Ichimura Uzaemon XIII and Ichimura Takematsu III
Object type: print
Date: 1862 – 1862
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: japan
Artist: utagawa yoshiiku
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1833 – 1904
Fan
Object type: fan
Date: 1667 – 1733
Materials: ivory, paper
Subjects: men,women
Zelfportret
Object type: print
Date: 1753 – 1753
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: france
Subjects: paris, print maker, claude henri watelet, historical persons, adult man (+ sideview, profile), portrait, self-portrait of artist
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228, collector's mark: Lugt 2760
Seated Satyr Holding a Garland
Object type: drawing
Date: 1696 – 1770
Materials: chalk, ink, drawing material
Techniques: brush, pen, wash
Artist: giovanni battista tiepolo
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1696 – 1770
Subjects: garlands,satyrs
The Abduction of Cassandra by Ajax from a set of The Horses
Object type: tapestry
Materials: silk, wool
Artist: frans cleyn
Artist role: designer
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1582 – 1658
Subjects: boys,men,women,horses,coat of arms,ajax

In 1619, an entrepreneurial courtier of King James I used royal backing to establish the Mortlake Tapestry Manufactory- where this tapestry was probably made- luring talented refugee weavers from Flanders. This large-scale and ambitious endeavor predated by decades the comparable French royal initiative, Louis XIV's Manufacture Royale des Gobelins. In 1625, under King Charles I, the German Frans Cleyn was appointed Mortlake's principal designer, creating- amongst others- cartoons for the series of which this tapestry and another in The Met collection (36.149.1) is part. Called "The Horses", it was woven many times between the mid-1630s and the late seventeenth century, when this tapestry was woven and acquired by the Earl of Peterborough, who customized it with the added inclusion of his coat of arms. By then, Mortlake production was considered by many to be stodgy and dated compared to the brighter, edgier designs coming out of competing workshops in London.
Bodhisattva  Avalokiteshvara
Object type: figure
Date: 651 – 700
Materials: stone
Culture: southern thai
Subjects: buddhism,avalokiteshvara,bodhisattvas

This bodhisattva of compassion is represented as an ascetic, dressed in a waistcloth secured with a cord, the details incised into the contours of his torso. He has a flayed antelope skin (ajina) across his left shoulder, an attribute of the earliest representations of this bodhisattva in early seventh-century northern India. The cult of Avalokiteshvara assumed special importance in Mahayana Buddhism during this period. Soon after its development in India, it was shared with Southeast Asian practitioners. cat. no. 133
Persia Fruit Mold
Object type: mold
Date: 1390 – 1352
Materials: pottery
Location: egypt
The Marmot
Object type: print
Date: 1822 – 1822
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: louis léopold boilly
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1761 – 1845
Subjects: boys,portraits,profiles
Simson verwoest de tempel van de Filistijnen
Object type: print
Date: 1650 – 1750
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: samson breaks the pillars; the temple of dagon collapses, killing all that are in it
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Samson’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Amulet Plaque
Object type: amulet plaque
Date: 664 – 630
Materials: gold
Location: southern upper egypt

Thirty-two amuletic images are chased into this nearly rectangular piece of gold sheet. Two holes at its top corners may have been intended for a string, possibly used to place the object around the neck of a deceased person. Small individual gold amulets with the depiction of an object or a deity are numerous and were often made out of stamped gold foil and placed on Late Period and Ptolemaic mummies. However, relatively large golden amulet plaques with multiple images, such as this piece, are very rare. For more information, please see the curatorial interpretation below.
Portret van Ambrogio Spinola
Object type: print
Date: 1615 – 1615
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: helmet, adult man, historical persons, knighthood order of the golden fleece
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘KB’

Portret van Ambrogio Spinola, markies de los Balbases, gekleed in harnas met een bevelhebbersstaf in zijn hand. Rechts op tafel zijn helm.
The Embrace
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: germany
Artist: master m.z.
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1500 – 1550
Dish (one of two)
Object type: dish
Date: 1775 – 1775
Materials: hard paste porcelain
Subjects: birds,horses,coat of arms
Cardinal Bentivoglio (after Anthony van Dyck) (from McGuire Scrapbook)
Object type: watercolor
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: graphite, watercolor, paper
Culture: american
Subjects: men,portraits
Plattegrond van de begane grond van het Palazzo Ambrogio Di Negro te Genua
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1622 – 1622
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: antwerp
Subjects: hôtel, i.e. small palace in city - aa - civic architecture: inside, plan ~ architecture

Deze prent maakt deel uit van een album.
Op het strand
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1875 – 1920
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: pen
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: beach (as place of recreation), the family travelling, on holiday

Het hele gezin op het strand, sommigen in het water, de ouders in strandstoelen. Doorlopende voorstelling op pagina 1 verso en pagina 2 recto. Onderdeel van het schetsboek met humoristische tekeningen over het leven van een 'famille nombreuse'. Onderwerpsrubrieken binnen de Atlas Zeden en Gewoonten: Zeden en Gewoonten in Engeren Zin, Des menschen beging, midden en einde, Kinderleven.
Peace Conference at Breda
Object type: print
Techniques: etching
Artist: romeyn de hooghe
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: dutch
Artist dates: 1645 – 1708
Subjects: crowd
Page of Calligraphy from a Mantiq al-Tayr (Language of the Birds)
Object type: folio from an illustrated manuscript
Date: 1600 – 1600
Materials: gold, ink, paper, silver, watercolor
Location: iran
Artist: farid al-din `attar
Artist role: author
Artist nationality: iranian
Artist dates: 1142 – 1220

This folio belonged to a manuscript of the Mantiq al-Tair that was presented to the Ardabil shrine in 1608–09, more than a century after its text and most of its illustrations were completed. Under the Safavid Shah ‘Abbas, its pages were remounted and four illustrations, a frontispiece, and a new binding were added. For a long time, the text and paintings were assumed to be Timurid, from the original manuscript. Scholars have determined, however, that this folio is one of fifteen Safavid additions that were produced to replace damaged or lost folios. The original calligrapher of the manuscript was Sultan ‘Ali Mashhadi, a famed calligrapher and poet of the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries.