deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Cartouche met jonge saters en hoornen des overvloeds
Object type: ornament print
Date: 1682 – 1723
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: france
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: (story of) neptune (poseidon), 'cornucopia', horn of plenty, satyr(s) (in general), ornament ~ cartouche

Prent maakt deel uit van een serie van zes prenten.
Leo Blumensohn in gestreept colbert met zijn arm om Isabel Wachenheimer heen geslagen, voor een ruitvorming benah, beiden met serieuze blik, 1945
Object type: photograph
Date: 1945 – 1945
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: isabel wachenheimer-elon
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘1945 stärke 5054’

Leo Blumensohn in gestreept colbert met zijn arm om Isabel Wachenheimer heen geslagen, voor een ruitvorming benah, beiden met serieuze blik, 1945
Blad met strooipatroon van bloemmotief omgeven door punten
Object type: wrapper
Date: 1750 – 1900
Materials: paper
Techniques: printing block
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: ornament derived from plant forms
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Blad met strooipatroon van een bloemmotief tussen punten. Gebruikt als omslag.
Votive Container (Canopa)
Object type: container
Date: 1401 – 1500
Materials: stone
Culture: inca
Location: peru
Terracotta fragment of a skyphos (deep drinking cup)
Object type: skyphos fragment
Date: 534 – 468
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Band of tongues, alternating with black and red, framed at the top by three black glazed lines, and, at the bottom, by two black glazed lines; part of the foot, which is glazed on the underside
Rocher percé dans la Tamina
Object type: photograph
Date: 1860 – 1877
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: taminakloof
Subjects: ravine, chasm, abyss, canyon, road, path
Inscriptions: number: ‘No 586’
Printed Piece
Object type: printed piece
Date: 1835 – 1840
Materials: cotton
Techniques: printing
Culture: american
Location: united states
Subjects: flowers,leaves
Portret van Frederik, prins van Oranje-Nassau
Object type: print
Date: 1790 – 1831
Materials: paper
Techniques: aquatint, engraving, etching
Location: rotterdam
Subjects: the hague, willem george frederik (prins van oranje-nassau), knighthood order (with name) - insignia of a knighthood order, e.g.: badge, chain (with name of order)

De hier vermelde titel verwijst naar de hoogst verkregen titel van de geportretteerde, niet per se naar de titel die de geportretteerde op deze voorstelling draagt.
Portret van Johan Temmink
Object type: print
Date: 1769 – 1769
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: historical persons, functionaries and dignitaries ~ episcopal protestant churches
Inscriptions: date
Armchair (part of a set of nine)
Object type: armchair
Date: 1734 – 1766
Materials: wood
Techniques: carving, painting, tapestry
Artist: aubusson
Artist role: factory
Artist dates: 1665 – 9999
Subjects: roosters,cats,flowers
Intrede van Willem V en Wilhelmina van Pruisen te Den Haag, 1767
Object type: print
Date: 1767 – 1767
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: northern netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: the hague, william v (prince of orange), berlin, painter, draughtsman, wilhelmina of prussia (princess of orange), triumphal entry and public reception, pageant, 'entrée solennelle', 'joyeuse entrée'
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Feestelijke intrede van stadhouder Willem V en prinses Wilhelmina van Pruisen te Den Haag op 9 november 1767 na hun huwelijk op 4 oktober 1767 te Berlijn. De stoet met de koets rijdt over de Boschbrug bij de Princessegracht door de erepoort opgericht namens het magistraat van Den Haag.
Vis-a-Vis #3026
Object type: drawing
Date: 1874 – 1874
Materials: gouache, gum arabic, ink, watercolor
Techniques: pen
Artist: brewster & co.
Artist role: manufacturer
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: carriages

Brewster & Company History Established in 1810 by James Brewster (1788–1866) in New Haven, Connecticut, Brewster & Company, specialized in the manufacture of fine carriages. The founder opened a New York showroom in 1827 at 53-54 Broad Street, and the company flourished under generations of family leadership. Expansion necessitated moves around lower Manhattan, with name changes reflecting shifts of management–James Brewster & Sons operated at 25 Canal Street, James Brewster Sons at 396 Broadway, and Brewster of Broome Street was based at 372 & 374 Broome Street with a repository (showroom) on 14th Street & Fifth Avenue. By 1874, Brewster & Company had 400 employees and combined warehouse and factory facilities at 47th & 48th Streets and Broadway. Brewster successfully branched out to produce their own automobiles, as well as supplying bodies for Rolls Royce at their Long Island City location. Notable clientele included Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, August Belmont, J.P. Morgan, John Jacob Astor, Andrew J. Cassatt (brother of artist Mary Cassatt), William Rockefeller, Henry Clay Frick and Pierre Lorillard. Talented draftsmen employed by the firm included Paul Steinbeck, Herman Stahmer and John Gribbon, the latter teaching at the Carriage Builders and Designers Technical School, which opened in 1880 and was housed initially at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. When the company finally dissolved in 1923, its last owner William Brewster (1866–1949) donated its archive of design and presentation drawings to the Museum where he served as benefactor and trustee. Of all American carriage manufacturers, none was as highly regarded for design, finish and quality as Brewster & Company. They won many awards for outstanding workmanship, including the Legion d’Honneur (Legion of Honor) at the 1878 Paris Exposition (3rd World’s Fair). In appreciation for this achievement the Carriage Builders’ National Association presented them with a gold enameled Tiffany & Company plaque and autograph book signed by leading American carriage builders, both now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Merri Ferrell, 2016
Adoration of the Shepherds
Object type: plaquette
Date: 1561 – 1561
Materials: bronze
Artist: gian federigo bonzagna
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1507 – 1588
Portret van Maerten van Heemskerck
Object type: drawing
Date: 1574 – 1579
Materials: chalk, paper
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: haarlem, painter, print maker, draughtsman, maarten van heemskerck, portrait, self-portrait of artist
Collage picture with scenes from the Story of Abraham
Object type: embroidered picture
Date: 1776 – 1800
Materials: paper, silk
Subjects: houses,children,men,women,roosters,dogs,abraham
View of ruins, possibly the Baths of Caracalla, from "The Small book of Roman ruins and buildings" (Operum antiquorum romanorum)
Object type: print
Date: 1561 – 1561
Techniques: engraving, etching
Artist: hieronymus cock
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: netherlandish
Artist dates: 1510 – 1570
Subjects: ruins
Zonsverduistering op 22 december 1889
Object type: photograph
Date: 1889 – 1889
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: lick observatory
Artist: john martin schaeberle
Artist role: astronoom
Artist dates: 1853 – 1924
Subjects: total solar eclipse with corona
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Plate IV. - Silver print of the Total Solar/ Eclipse of December, 1889, from a negative/ made with the U. S. N. O. camera, by/ J. M. Schaeberle.’
Belle Urquhart, from the Actresses series (N246), Type 2, issued by Kinney Brothers to promote Sporting Extra Cigarettes
Object type: photograph
Date: 1890 – 1890
Techniques: albumen silver print
Artist: kinney brothers tobacco company
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1869 – 2011
Subjects: portraits,women,actresses

Trade cards from the set "Actresses" (N246), issued ca. 1890 by Kinney Brothers Tobacco to promote Sporting Extra Cigarettes. There are two types of cards in the series, varying by size.
Kwispedoor met voorstelling van Willem IV
Object type: spittoon
Date: 1747 – 1747
Materials: earthenware
Techniques: firing, painted, vitrification
Location: delft
Subjects: the hague, willem iv (prins van oranje-nassau)
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘vivat oranje’, date: ‘Ao 1747’, inscription: ‘W:C:H:F/ Uijtgeroepen/ tot stadhouder/ den 3 in bloeijmaant’, mark: ‘D/ 62’

Kwispedoor met bolle zeskantige buik en enigszins schuinopstaande, uitgeschulpte, brede zeskantige rand, terwijl de lage voet ook zeskantig is en even uitgeschulpt. Versierd in onderglazuur blauw, met op de voet een ruitjespatroon, op de buik drie pioenrozen en twee vlinders, op de rand rechts portret van een man (Willem IV), borstbeeld in profiel naar links, de Orde van de Kousenband dragend, in cartouche met blauwe achtergrond. Opschrift: W:C:H:F Uijtgeroepen tot Stadhouder den 3 bloeijmaant Ao 1747.
Card Number 23, Miss Woodsworth, from the Actors and Actresses series (N145-2) issued by Duke Sons & Co. to promote Cross Cut Cigarettes
Object type: print
Date: 1880 – 1889
Techniques: albumen silver print
Artist: w. duke, sons & co.
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1870 – 1920
Subjects: portraits,women,actresses

Trade cards from the set "Actors and Actresses" (N145-2), issued in the 1880s by W. Duke Sons & Co. to promote Cross Cut Cigarettes. There are eight subsets of the N145 series. Various subsets sport different card designs and also promote different tobacco brands represented by W. Duke Sons & Company. This card is from the second subset, N145-2. Note that actors' names are spelled differently on cards throughout set and are not dependable for accuracy.
Geknoopt vloerkleed, met blauw middenstuk en ornamentrand
Object type: carpet
Date: 1925 – 1925
Materials: cotton, wool
Location: netherlands
Artist: theo colenbrander
Artist role: draughtsman
Artist dates: 1841 – 1930

Geknoopt vloerkleed, met blauw middenstuk en ornamnetrand in grijs, groen, blauw en geeloranje en effen groene buitenrand. Ontwerp van Th.A.C. Colenbrander (1841-1930). Op een aantal plaatsen zitten slijtageplekken en enkele kleine motgaatjes.
Spotprent op de klerikale partijen en het onderwijs, 1885
Object type: cartoon
Date: 1885 – 1885
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: netherlands

Spotprent op de klerikale partijen en het onderwijs. Plaat verschenen bij het weekblad De Nederlandsche Spectator, nr. 10, 1885.
Piece
Object type: piece
Date: 1825 – 1825
Materials: cotton
Subjects: men,portraits,profiles,women
Bord
Object type: miniature
Date: 1782 – 1782
Materials: silver
Location: amsterdam
Artist: Anonymous
Inscriptions: maker's mark

Rond eetbord met geschulpte rand. Op de rand zijn guirlandes gegraveerd.In het midden van het bord is een bloem gegraveerd. Het bord is gemerkt: stk.= Amsterdam, jrl.= X (1782) en mt.= Voet 430. Het bord is een exemplaar van een set bestaande uit 36 identieke borden (BK-NM-11177-189 t/m BK-NM-11177-224).
Broadsheet relating to a young girl who was beheaded in April 16, 1902
Object type: print
Date: 1902 – 1902
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress, lithography
Artist: josé guadalupe posada
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: mexican
Artist dates: 1852 – 1913
Subjects: girls,fathers

This broadsheet reports on the beheading of eleven-year-old María Sánchez in Saltillo (Coahuila) on April 16, 1902. An account of the crime—that continues on the back of the sheet—is fast-moving and sensational. Tomás, a barber, had returned home from church to find his daughter decapitated. A suspect was identified, but Tomás ultimately confessed to this and another "unspeakable crime." His culpability is announced in the headline and, to add veracity to the account, a large mainstream newspaper is cited as the source. En esta hoja volante se describe la decapitación de María Sánchez, de once años, que tuvo lugar en Saltillo (Coahuila) el 16 de abril de 1902. El relato del crimen, que continúa en el reverso de la lámina, es dinámico y sensacionalista. Tomás, un barbero, regresó a casa desde la iglesia y encontró a su hija degollada. Se identificó a un sospechoso, pero Tomás terminó confesando el asesinato y otro «repugnante crimen». Su culpabilidad se proclama en el titular y, para añadir veracidad al relato, se cita un periódico de gran tirada como fuente. Image included in the broadsheet "Crimen nunca visto! Tomás Sánchez, barbero que está establecido en Saltillo, degüella a su tierna e indefensa hija de 11 años de edad, declarando dicho individuo haber cometido otro repugnante crimen en la persona de la referida niña" (Imprenta de Vanegas Arroyo, 1902).
Gezicht op het Stadhuis aan de Grote Markt in Haarlem
Object type: print
Date: 1827 – 1900
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: paulus lauters
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1806 – 1875
Subjects: townhall, edifice, e.g.: public building, department store
Fragment of a Bowl or Cup
Object type: fragment
Date: 1201 – 1600
Materials: glaze, stonepaste
Techniques: painting
Location: egypt
‘Enos’ Cottage
Object type: photograph
Date: 1950 – 1950
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: new york city
Artist: Anonymous
Cameeën of zegels
Object type: print
Date: 1750 – 1900
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: seal, stamp, gem, gemstone
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Verschillende cameeën of zegels met voorstellingen van mensen erop.
M.me de Pompadour
Object type: print
Date: 1818 – 1842
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: paris
Subjects: paris, print maker, madame de pompadour, historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228a
Bord met op het plat een gezicht op Dordrecht
Object type: plate dish
Date: 1863 – 1958
Materials: earthenware
Techniques: transfer decoration
Location: maastricht
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘VUE DE DORTRECHT’, mark: ‘SOCIÉTÉ CÉRAMIQUE MAESTRICHT’, check stamp: ‘B 5 (? of 3)’

Bord van aardewerk met zwart en blauw transferdecor. Op het plat in zwarte transferdruk een gezicht op Dordrecht. Onder de voorstelling de tekst: VUE DE DORTRECHT. De rand van het bord met een blauwe transferdruk met onder andere blauwe bloemen en bladeren.
Le Pompe: Opera Nova, title page (recto)
Object type: book print ornament architecture
Date: 1557 – 1557
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: giovanni battista & marchio sessa
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: italian

Published by Giovanni Battista & Marchio Sessa, Venice. From top to bottom, and left to right: Title printed in black. Below title is Matteo Pagano's woodcut mark appears like a set of twisting scrolls inscribed with: "M. IESUS. F."
Een violist en twee jonge vrouwen in een interieur, een zittende man kijkt toe
Object type: print
Date: 1778 – 1778
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: france
Subjects: tucking up one's clothes, violin, fiddle, clothes, costume (+ women's clothes), viola, violoncello; double bass, clothes, costume (+ men's clothes)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Een jonge violist staat met viool en stok in opgeheven handen in een vertrek en kijkt naar het been van een jongedame, die haar rok ophoudt. Een tweede dame zit op haar knieën en wijst naar het ontblote onderbeen. Rechts in een leunstoel een oudere heer die toekijkt. Op de tafel rechtsachter een kleed, een helm en enkele boeken. Op een van de boeken de titel Castor en Pollux. Linksvoor een cello tegen een taboeret. Aan de achterwand een schilderij in ovale lijst met de voorstelling van een slapende, halfnaakte vrouw. Aan het plafond een kroonluchter.
Writing Utensils
Object type: netsuke
Date: 1834 – 1866
Materials: ivory
Culture: japanese
Artist: ryūsen
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1834 – 1866
Subjects: writing implements

Writing utensils, such as ink stones, brushes, and open books were depicted in Japanese lacquer and textile art and also became favored netsuke subjects.
Bead
Object type: bead
Date: 7000 – 5001
Location: syria
Studie
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1886 – 1903
Materials: chalk, paper
Location: amsterdam
Artist: isaac israels
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1865 – 1934

Pagina 12 uit schetsboek XXXVII met 52 pagina's.
Interior of a Tahitian Hut, from the Suite of Late Wood-Block Prints
Object type: print
Date: 1898 – 1899
Materials: ink, ivory, paper
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: france
Artist: paul gauguin
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1848 – 1903
Inscriptions: Monogrammed lower left, in image: "P G"
Border
Object type: border
Date: 1801 – 1900
Materials: silk
Techniques: embroidery
Nôga taikan dai san maki
Object type: picture book
Date: 1925 – 1926
Materials: cardboard, paper, ribbon, silk, textile
Techniques: woodcut
Location: japan
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘Rijks-Ethnographisch Museum’
Bronze stamp
Object type: stamp
Date: 1 – 100
Materials: bronze
Culture: roman, asia minor

The stamp has a retrograde Greek inscription: Alexandras.
Standbeeld van Bacchus
Object type: print
Date: 1633 – 1633
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Artist: françois perrier
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1594 – 1649
Subjects: piece of sculpture, reproduction of a piece of sculpture
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

Prent maakt deel uit van een ongenummerde serie van zes prenten.
Mythologische figuren
Object type: print
Date: 1630 – 1660
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Subjects: cupids: 'amores', 'amoretti', 'putti' (+ triumph), sea-horse, hippocamp, 'hippocampus', (horse/fish) (mythological hybrid monster), triumph of galatea
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

De triomf van de zeegodin Galatea. De naakte Galatea wordt door een zeepaard door het water gevoerd, terwijl ze wordt vergezeld door vier putti, waarvan twee op een schelp blazen. Deze prent maakt deel uit van een vierdelige serie over mythologische figuren.
Vue du Chateau de Sceaux entre Paris et Versailles apartenant am le contedeu
Object type: print
Date: 1700 – 1799
Materials: paper, watercolor
Techniques: brush, etching
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: garden, ornamental plants, civic architecture; edifices; dwellings
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2166

Op de achtergrond het Château de Sceaux.
Dish with a Child Chasing a Fish
Object type: dish
Date: 1701 – 1900
Materials: amber
Culture: chinese
Subjects: children
Heilige Paphnutius als kluizenaar
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1644 – 1644
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: anchorite, hermit, male saints (with name)

Prent uit: Rosweyde, Heribert. 'tBosch der eremyten ende eremitinnen, van Aegypten ende Palestinen. Amsterdam: Pieter Jacobsz. Paets, 1644.
Jean-Baptiste Girard dient de zwangere Marie-Catherine Cadière een drankje toe
Object type: print
Date: 1735 – 1735
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: france
Artist: jacques gabriel huquier
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker, publisher
Artist dates: 1725 – 1805
Subjects: witch, sorcerer with the devil and/or demons, sexual abuses of monks, miscarriage, abortion, pregnancy

Jean-Baptiste Girard dient de zwangere Marie-Catherine Cadière een drankje toe wat een eind zal maken aan haar zwangerschap. Onderdeel van de reeks van 32, veelal erotisch getinte, prenten gewijd aan het schandaal rond Marie-Catherine Cadière en de Jezuïet Jean-Baptiste Girard in 1730-1731.
Militairen in een stelling in Frankrijk
Object type: photograph
Date: 1902 – 1902
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: daylight paper print
Location: france
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: trenches (+ land forces), manoeuvre ~ military training, defensive measures (military) (+ land forces), france

Onderdeel van Fotoalbum van een legeroefening in Zuidwest-Frankrijk in 1902.
Zilveren vira raya fanam uit Travancore in India,1600-1800
Object type: coin
Date: 1600 – 1800
Materials: silver
Techniques: striking

Zilveren munt. Voorzijde: "vira raya"-afbeelding met de stippen boven de tekens. Keerzijde: "vira raya"-afbeelding met de stippen onder de tekens.
Terra, Goddess of the Earth, from the Goddesses of the Greeks and Romans series (N188) issued by Wm. S. Kimball & Co.
Object type: print
Date: 1889 – 1889
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: william s. kimball & company
Artist role: publisher
Subjects: goddess

Trade cards from the "Goddesses of the Greeks and Romans" series (N188), issued in an unnumbered set of 50 cards in 1889 by W.S. Kimball & Co.
Capitol of Virginia in Richmond, from the General Government and State Capitol Buildings series (N14) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes Brands
Object type: print
Date: 1889 – 1889
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: allen & ginter
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: buildings

Trade cards from the "General Government and State Capitol Buildings" series (N14), issued in 1889 in a set of 50 cards to promote Allen & Ginter brand cigarettes.
Confederate Gen. Braxton's Bragg's Headquarters, No. 1753 from the series "Kansas City Panorama. Battle Missionary Ridge"
Object type: photograph
Date: 1889 – 1889
Techniques: albumen print
Location: wisconsin
Artist: henry hamilton bennett
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american, born canada
Artist dates: 1843 – 1908
Fumeur
Object type: print
Date: 1879 – 1879
Materials: paper
Techniques: drypoint, etching, intaglio
Location: paris
Subjects: sitting figure, pipe ~ tobacco
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: ‘AFE v S’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Les Culs-Terreux
Object type: print
Date: 1893 – 1893
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithography
Location: paris
Subjects: (lovers) kissing each other, farmers
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228a

Illustratie bij het muziekstuk Les Culs-Terreux van René Esse en Léopold Gangloff.
Landschappen met figuren
Object type: print
Date: 1690 – 1690
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: utrecht
Artist: willem de heusch
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1625 – 1692
Subjects: herding, herdsman, herdswoman, shepherd, shepherdess, cowherd, etc., pilgrim(s), landscapes with waters, waterscapes, seascapes (in the temperate zone)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

Een pelgrim met een staf in zijn hand en jakobsschelpen op zijn mantel bij een zittende herder met schapen. Op de achtergrond een figuur met twee pakezels op een heuvel.
Portret van Michelangelo en profil
Object type: print
Date: 1561 – 1561
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: venice
Artist: lambertus suavius
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1514 – 1564
Subjects: rome, painter, draughtsman, sculptor, michelangelo
Inscriptions: date

Portret van Michelangelo Buanarroti. Spiegelbeeldige kopie naar de medaillon gemaakt ter gelegenheid van de 88ste verjaardag van de kunstenaar door Leone Leoni.
Schotel, veelkleurig beschilderd met Deutsche Blumen, insekten en vruchten
Object type: platter
Date: 1750 – 1760
Materials: porcelain
Techniques: painted
Location: meissen
Inscriptions: factory mark

Ronde schotel van beschilderd porselein. De schotel is beschilderd met Deutsche Blumen, insekten en vruchten. De rand is in reliëf versierd met het Neuozier-patroon. De schotel is gemerkt en hoort bij een servies (BK-17474-1 t/m BK-17474-253).
San Gimignano
Object type: painting
Date: 1836 – 1923
Materials: canvas, oil
Culture: american
Artist: elihu vedder
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1836 – 1923
Subjects: buildings,towers,towns

While studying in Paris in the late 1850s, Vedder became disappointed with French academicism and decided to travel to Italy to study the work of the Italian masters. In Florence, he frequented the Caffè Michelangelo, where he met a group of young, predominantly Tuscan painters known as the Macchiaioli, who eschewed the formalism of the Accademia in favor of a more spontaneous, plein-air style inspired by nature. Vedder’s view of San Gimignano, a picturesque medieval hill town in Tuscany noted for its high bell towers, or campanili, reflects his association with the Macchiaioli and his enduring appreciation for the landscape of Italy, where he settled in the 1860s for the rest of his life.