deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
The Great Statue of Amida Buddha at Kamakura, Known as the Daibutsu, from the Priest's Garden
Object type: watercolor
Date: 1887 – 1887
Materials: gouache, watercolor, paper
Culture: american
Artist: john la farge
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1835 – 1910
Subjects: buddha

On a trip to Japan with Henry Adams in 1886, La Farge enlisted watercolor—the familiar medium of the traveling artist—to create studies for illustrations and to paint sheets for exhibition. He executed this bold and monumental composition after his return to New York, using a watercolor sketch done during his travels as well as photographs that he and Adams had taken. The Daibutsu, or Great Buddha, a fifty-foot-high bronze cast in 1252, is renowned for its colossal size, its peaceful demeanor, and its unusual site in the open air surrounded by mountains and trees.
Portret van Bartholomäus Meyer
Object type: print
Date: 1688 – 1688
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, snipping
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: theologian, historical persons

Prent maakt deel uit van een grotere prent die later is verknipt. Prent waarschijnlijk uit: Freher, Paul. Theatrum virorum eruditione clarorum. Neurenberg: Johann Hoffmann, 1688
Bijbelsche geschiedenis
Object type: popular print
Date: 1850 – 1850
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing, engraving
Location: purmerend
Subjects: temple of solomon (1 kings 5-9; 2 chronicles 2-7), story of solomon, old testament
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Na voltooiing van de acht jaargangen van de reeks 'Prenten-magazijn voor de jeugd' in 1850 heeft Jan Schuitemaker al deze prenten heruitgegeven en omgenummerd als nr. 1 t/m 192. De oorspronkelijke jaargang wordt telkens nog vermeld rechtsonder op de prent. Binnen de jaargangen zijn prenten van hetzelfde thema in clusters van vier achter elkaar gezet.
Portret van Merovech
Object type: print
Date: 1633 – 1676
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: france
Subjects: ornament ~ medallion, historical persons, ruler, sovereign, armorial bearing, heraldry
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Opera Nova Universali intitulata Corona di racammi, page 7 (recto)
Object type: book print ornament architecture
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: giovanni andrea vavassore
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1530 – 1573
Subjects: flowers,leaves

Published by Giovanni Andrea (called "Guadagnino") Vavassore, Italian, active 16th century, Venice. From top to bottom, and left to right: design composed of 2 vertical columns: left is wider and is illustrated with geometric interlace pattern in center of column, right is narrower with intertwining vines of leaves and flowers.
Kabels trekken
Object type: photograph
Date: 1942 – 1943
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: belgium
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: communication (military), netherlands, belgium

Albumblad met een collage van elf versneden foto's van het trekken van kabels voor de telecommunicatie, in België. Onderdeel van het fotoalbum van de Luftnachrichten-Regiment 211,1942-1943.
"Tell Minis" Bowl with Vegetal Scroll
Object type: bowl
Date: 1134 – 1166
Materials: glaze, stonepaste
Techniques: luster painting
Location: syria

Around 1075, emigre potters from Egypt introduced stonepaste and overglaze luster painting to Syria, both pivotal for ceramic development in the region. Named after the find‑spot (Tell Minis) of a cache near Aleppo but produced at unidentified centers, this luster is characterized by a reddish hue because of its low silver content, perhaps due to a silver shortage.
Hōtei Pointing to the Moon
Object type: hanging scroll
Date: 1401 – 1500
Materials: ink, paper
Culture: japanese
Artist: shinno noami
Artist role: artist
Artist dates: 1397 – 1471
Subjects: men

"Big Belly" or "Cloth Bag" Budai, known as Hōtei in Japan, was a tenth-century monk who wandered around Siming (modern Ningbo) in China with his walking staff, begging for alms to place in his sack. Eccentric and given to puzzling pronouncements, he was thought to be an earthly incarnation of Maitreya, the Buddha of the Future. Hōtei was a favorite subject in Zen ink painting. Easily recognizable, he personified the pure nature and intuitive experience necessary for enlightenment. Hōtei points at the cloud to teach us that truth cannot be rationally taught. A mere handful of dynamic ink lines describes Hōtei's robed body. The finer gray lines and wash are used for his face, hands, and foot, in accordance with tradition of Zen figure painting.
Groepsportret van leden van Laga ter ere van de overdracht van de Douw
Object type: photograph
Date: 1918 – 1918
Materials: paper, cardboard
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: delft
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: rowing facing backward, pulling
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Overdracht v.d. "Douw"/ Raceroeiers installatie. 21 Maart '18./ staande v.l.n.r. De Vuis. Laarbeek. P.../ zittend v.l.n.r./ v Deloden. [...]’
Saint Stephen, Hungary, from the World's Decorations series (N44) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes
Object type: print
Date: 1890 – 1890
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: allen & ginter
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: medals

Trade cards from the "World's Decorations" series (N44), issued in 1890 in a numbered set of 50 cards to promote Allen & Ginter brand cigarettes. Series N44 reproduces the cards from N30 in a larger size.
Groepsportret tijdens een diner met o.a. Simon Maris en Gerrit Heinrich Kroon
Object type: photograph
Date: 1910 – 1920
Materials: paper
Techniques: collodion silver print
Location: amsterdam
Artist: nicolaas schuitvlot
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1859 – 1947
Subjects: the hague, amsterdam, painter, simon maris, anonymous historical persons portrayed in a group, in a group-portrait
Inscriptions: name: ‘Nico Schuitvlot Amsterdam’
Button or Bead
Object type: button or bead
Date: 801 – 1000
Materials: bone
Techniques: tinting
Location: iran

This object was excavated at Nishapur. Nishapur was a vital city in the early and middle Islamic periods, located along one of the main trajectories that connected Iran and West Asia Islamic lands with Central Asia and China. These itineraries are often referred to by the term ‘Silk routes’ but were in fact crucial to the movement of constellations of materials and objects, as well as people and ideas. The diverse population of Nishapur and its surroundings, from the better-researched elite groups of merchants, land-owning aristocracy, and literates, to the less-known artisans, farmers, miners, and servants, were instrumental in adapting global cultural trends to create their own distinctive visual languages. This is seen in the material remains of everyday life in medieval Nishapur – from pots and pans to lighting devices, inkwells, textiles and trimmings, jewelry, games and toys, talismanic devices, weapons, coins, and architectural fragments. Nishapur lost its political prominence due to a series of earthquakes and invasions that peaked in the thirteenth century. Today, the medieval city is a vast archaeological area, while the relatively small modern city is situated to its north. Instead Mashhad, a major pilgrimage site, emerged as a major prosperous metropolis in the region. Between 1935 and 1948, the "Persian Expedition" of the Metropolitan Museum of Art excavated at several sites at Nishapur under an agreement with the Iranian authorities. American archaeologists and hundreds of Iranian workers excavated archaeological areas named Tepe Madrasa, Village Tepe, Sabz Pushan, Qanat Tepe, Tepe Alp Arslan, Vineyard Tepe, among others. They uncovered vast neighborhoods with mostly residential buildings, but also mosques, bathhouses, and possibly a governmental palace. Two main chronological phases were recognized in the sites: the first covers the ninth-tenth centuries and the second covers the eleventh-twelfth centuries. Thousands of artifacts were also recovered, mostly ceramic, glass, metal, and stone vessels, as well as carved and painted stuccoes and wall paintings, which were divided in half between the two countries, resulting in over four thousand objects in the Met’s collection today.
The State Cerberus, A Leaf Out of the Ænead, Freely Translated
Object type: print
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: john doyle
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: irish
Artist dates: 1797 – 1868
Subjects: men,caricature,politics
Study of Five Heads
Object type: print
Date: 1803 – 1803
Techniques: etching
Artist: jean jacques de boissieu
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1736 – 1810
Subjects: animals,heads,boys,men
Kostumen en vaandels van de erewachten van 's-Gravenhage en Rotterdam, 1840-1842
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1840 – 1842
Materials: paper
Techniques: hand coloring, lithograph
Location: den bosch
Subjects: william ii of the netherlands, clothes for official occasions, guard of honour, (military) uniforms, the hague, rotterdam

Kostumen en vaandels van de burger erewachten van Den Haag en Rotterdam, 1840-1842. Drie mannen in uniform te paard met vaandels. De eresloeproeier te voet met vaandel voor de eresloep. Illustratie in een boek met negen platen van de kleding gedragen door de burgererewachten tijdens het bezoek van koning Willem II aan die stad na zijn inhuldiging in 1840.
Kris van Bali met schede
Object type: kris
Materials: iron, silver, wood
Techniques: metalworking
Location: bali
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: lombok

Kris van Bali met zwart gedamaskeerd lemmet met zilveren vlammen, met rijk gesneden met zilver gemonteerd gevest. Van de schede is slechts de helft aanwezig. Buitgemaakt op de expeditie van Lombok in 1894.
Edward Kilenyi
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1933 – 1936
Materials: paper
Techniques: rotogravure
Location: budapest
Artist: manó pál vajda
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1874 – 1945
Subjects: portrait of composer

Albumblad met een portret van en een tekst over de componist Edward Kilenyi. Onderdeel van het Esperanto album uit ca. 1933-1936.
Fotoreproductie van een schilderij, voorstellende een liggende man en (vermoedelijk) Cupido met een boog
Object type: page
Date: 1850 – 1858
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: lying face downwards, (story of) cupid, amor (eros)
Dresden, Augustusbrücke von der Neustadt gesehen
Object type: stereograph
Date: 1873 – 1882
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: berlin
Subjects: church (exterior), bridge in city across river, canal, etc.
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Photographiser und Stereoscopischer/ Kunstverlag/ von/ Moser senior/ (...)/ Glas-u. Papier-Stereoscopbildern/ aller Weltgegenden’, number: ‘1201’
Holyrood Palace te Edinburgh en Melrose Abbey te Melrose
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1808 – 1874
Materials: paper, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: ruin of a building ~ architecture, palace
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘G.W.W. Holyrood Palace and Chapel. 67.’, inscription: ‘Melrose Abbey, from the S.W. 69. G.W.W.’

Deze pagina maakt deel uit van een album.
Cavaliers du manège
Object type: print
Date: 1752 – 1752
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: france
Artist: jean moyreau
Artist role: print maker, publisher
Artist dates: 1690 – 1762
Subjects: riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman, passenger carriage
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240

Maakt deel uit van een serie van 89 prenten te dateren tussen ca. 1733-1762, naar het geschilderde oeuvre van Philips Wouwerman.
Dit betreft plaat 70.
Portret van Frederik Adolph van der Marck
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1783 – 1795
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: quill, ink-well, book, oil-lamp
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Portret van Frederik Adolph van der Marck, professor te Groningen en Deventer. Onder het portret boeken en een inktpot met schrijfveer bij een olielamp. Rechtsboven: XVII.D.Pl.VI.
Intocht
Object type: print
Date: 1855 – 1861
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: netherlands
Subjects: triumphal entry and public reception, pageant, 'entrée solennelle', 'joyeuse entrée'
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Proefdruk voor prent uit: Lennep, Jacob van. De geschiedenis des vaderlands in schetsen en afbeeldingen. Amsterdam: Binger & Zonen, M.H., 1855-1861.
Lucertula/ Lucerta
Object type: print
Date: 1565 – 1630
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: rome
Subjects: lizards, lizards: lizard
Inscriptions: number: ‘8’, collector's mark: Lugt 11

Deze prent maakt deel uit van een reeks prenten van dieren door Antonio Tempesta. Bekend is dat een tweede staat (met nummering) van deze serie is uitgegeven door Giovanni Giacomo de' Rossi in 1650. Onbekend is wie de eerste staat heeft uitgegeven en wanneer.
Gezelschap (op schip?)
Object type: photograph
Date: 1900 – 1920
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: photography
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: netherlands

Foto op bruin albumblad 54 van familiealbum van Alphons Diepenbrock.
Frederick Langenheim
Object type: photograph
Date: 1851 – 1853
Techniques: daguerreotype
Artist: w. & f. langenheim
Artist role: photography studio
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1843 – 1874
Subjects: men,portraits
Baignoire vue de face à la Dauphine
Object type: ornament print
Date: 1772 – 1779
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: paris
Subjects: dolphin ~ ornament, ornament ~ medallion, mask, mascaron ~ ornament, bath-tub

Een geornamenteerd bad met een masker, twee dolfijnen, een rond medaillon met drie putti en een vaas. Prentnummer 25.
Altar cross
Object type: altar cross
Date: 1601 – 1700
Materials: enamel, gold, quartz
Subjects: cross

Not all parts of this cross are of the same age and origin. The enameled mount around the crystal base, which represents the hill of Calvary, differs from the mounts on the cross itself. The paw feet may be additions as well.
The Children of Medea and Jason Give Creusa the Fatal Present (Par ses deux fils à l'épouse nouvelle envoyé en don la couronne mortelle...), from "Jason and the Golden Fleece"
Object type: print
Date: 1563 – 1563
Techniques: engraving
Artist: rené boyvin
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1525 – 1598

Plate 24 of 26. Medea's children bringing the poisoned gown to Creusa; on the left, the preceding scene, with Medea entrusting the chest to her children; and on the right, the consequences, with Creusa running away as the gown has caught fire; within an ornate border. One of a set of illustrations to the Livre de la Conqueste de la Toison d'or, published in Paris in 1563 and engraved by René Boyvin based on drawings by Léonard Thiry. Jason, the famous hero of antiquity, sets off on a quest to find the Golden Fleece which leads him to meet Medea with whom he has a love affair ending in tragedy.
Entrance to Laxton in Northamptonshire
Object type: drawing
Date: 1825 – 1825
Materials: ink
Techniques: brush, pen, wash
Artist: charles randle
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: british
Artist dates: 1800 – 1900
Subjects: doorways,villages,trees
Courant-ombrengers Nieuwjaars-Wensch (...) 1856
Object type: new year card
Date: 1855 – 1856
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing, engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: draughtsman, johann wolfgang von goethe, friedrich von schiller, january 1 (~ festivities)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Nieuwjaarswens namens de ombrengers van couranten (krantenbezorgers) te Amsterdam voor het jaar 1856. Bovenaan drie vignetten aan boeken ontleend, met centraal feest bij een gezin op Nieuwjaarsdag, links het huis van Goethe bij Weimar, rechts het huis van Schiller te Weimar. Onderaan een gedicht in drie kolommen. Van de courantombrengster: wed. Martijns.
The Actor Segawa Kikunojo III as Spirit of a Mandarin Duck (Oshidori) Disguised as Tagasode, in the Play Hana-zumo Genji Hiiki, Performed at the Nakamura Theater in the Eleventh Month, 1775
Object type: print
Date: 1775 – 1775
Techniques: woodblock print
Location: japan
Artist: katsukawa shunsho 勝川 春章
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1726 – 1792
Cuirass (Breastplate and Backplate) in the Late Gothic Style
Object type: armor
Date: 1480 – 1480
Materials: brass, leather, steel
Location: germany

Sculpted with sleek rippled surfaces and decorative cut edges, this cuirass typifies late gothic German armor. A rare survival, it is fabled to have come out of a church in the Austrian Tyrol at the turn of the 20th century. It may have adorned a shrine figure of Saint George or hung over a noble’s tomb.

The heavily pitted exterior attests to centuries of neglect, and a redblistered area of the interior is evidence it was in a fire. The right side of the breastplate below the waist was carefully restored in London around 1917.
Yellow Perch, from the series Fishers and Fish (N74) for Duke brand cigarettes
Object type: print
Date: 1888 – 1888
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: knapp & company
Artist role: lithographer
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: fish

Trade cards from the "Fishers and Fish" series (N74), issued in a set of 50 cards in 1888 to promote W. Duke Sons & Co. brand cigarettes.
Snuffbox
Object type: snuffbox, painting
Date: 1770 – 1770
Materials: enamel, gold
Artist: p.m.c.
Artist role: maker
Subjects: infants,men,profiles
25 portretten van Clémence de Pibrac, Suzanne Derval en Pierny
Object type: photomechanical print
Date: 1894 – 1899
Materials: paper
Techniques: photograph
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: historical persons - bb - woman
Inscriptions: number: ‘No 262’
Revengeful Monsters
Object type: print
Techniques: etching
Artist: john hamilton mortimer
Artist role: artist and publisher
Artist nationality: british
Artist dates: 1740 – 1779
Subjects: monsters
Zeven werken van barmhartigheid
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1585 – 1585
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: visiting the sick, 'aeger curatur' ~ one of the (seven) acts of mercy - vv - christ present

In een hospitaal verzorgen mensen de zieken. Links geeft een vrouw een man te eten. Rechts geeft een man wat geld weg. Christus staat in het midden van de ruimte. Onder de voorstelling een verwijzing in het Latijn naar de Bijbeltekst in Mat. 25:36. Deze prent maakt deel uit van een album.
François Mallier du Houssay
Object type: print
Date: 1656 – 1656
Techniques: engraving
Artist: robert nanteuil
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1623 – 1678
Subjects: men,portraits,cross
Calais Boats in Vlissingen
Object type: print
Date: 1850 – 1850
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: drypoint, engraving, etching, roulette
Location: france
Artist: charles meryon
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1821 – 1868
Kast, versierd met marqueterie en bestaande uit een onderkast met twee grote en twee kleine laden en een bovenkast met twee deuren.
Object type: furniture
Date: 1690 – 1690
Materials: wood, copper
Techniques: marquetry
Location: great britain
Artist: Anonymous

Kast versierd met marqueterie. De onderkast bevat twee grote en twee kleine laden, omgeven door een bladrand. De zijkanten tonen uitgeschulpte velden met een rozet, waaromheen acanthusbladvoluten. De laden en de twee deuren en zijkanten van de bovenkast tonen velden met een schelpvormig motief in het midden, omgeven door symmetrische acanthusbladranken. De uitgeschulpte en cirkelvormige velden op de deuren zijn verbonden door een als vlechtband behandelde bladrand. Fries met lade, versierd met drie velden.
Neues Frücht-vnd Blumenbüchlein. Allen Künstlern dienstlich.
Object type: titelprent, frontispice
Date: 1650 – 1666
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: nuremberg
Subjects: ornament derived from animal forms, insects, ornament derived from plant forms
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Paul Fürst, Neues Frücht-vnd Blumenbüchlein. Allen Künstlern dienstlich. Een van zeven prenten (RP-P-2020-235 t/m 241), inclusief titelblad uit een reeks van acht met weergaven van bloemen, vruchten, noten paddenstoelen en insecten.
Privileges van Engelse koningen en adel
Object type: print
Date: 1706 – 1708
Techniques: engraving, etching
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: knighting ceremonies, knighthood order (garter), england
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Blad met drie voorstellingen en tekst over de privileges van de Engelse koningen en adel. Links en rechts allegorische voorstellingen. In het midden een voorstelling van de koningin die een ridder van de Orde van de Kousenband benoemt.
Le Duc d'Oréans, Régent
Object type: print
Date: 1818 – 1842
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: paris
Subjects: filips ii (hertog van orléans), historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228a
Emblemata Nobilitati et Vulgo scitu digna…/ Stam und Wapenbuchlein…
Object type: print
Date: 1593 – 1593
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: netherlands
Artist: theodor de bry
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1528 – 1598

Middenboven een smalle, langwerpige cartouche met ronde zijkanten. Middenonder een rechthoekige cartouche. Hoort bij een serie van 18 bladen waarbij in het midden van aparte platen zevenentwintig emblemata en vijfenveertig wapenschilden zijn gedrukt. De emblemata zijn ten dele genummerd A-D, 1-7 en 9-21. Drie bladen hebben geen nummer. De wapenschilden, die deels dubbel zijn afgedrukt, zijn ongenummerd.
View of Temple of Vesta, Tivoli
Object type: drawing and watercolor
Materials: ink, ivory, paper
Techniques: brush, pen, wash
Location: italy
Artist: after giovanni francesco grimaldi
Portret van een onbekende vrouw
Object type: photograph
Date: 1885 – 1906
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: collodion silver print
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: historical persons - bb - woman
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘OPGERICHT 1864/ W. G. Kuijer & Zonen/ Hofphotographen/ WESTERMARKT 19./ AMSTERDAM/ Spéciale Inrichting voor Vergrootingen in alle Formaten.’
Knotwilg voor hek
Object type: print
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, intaglio
Location: netherlands
Artist: pally van schoonhoven van beurden
Artist role: print maker
Subjects: trees: willow
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2166, collector's mark: Lugt 2760
Liggende vrouw
Object type: print
Date: 1886 – 1886
Materials: paper
Techniques: drypoint, etching, intaglio
Artist: willem de zwart
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1862 – 1931
Subjects: adult woman (+ lying)
Portret van Otto I, koning van Griekenland
Object type: print
Date: 1842 – 1887
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: the hague
Subjects: knighthood order, historical persons (+ half-length portrait)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

De geportretteerde staat en leunt met zijn rechterarm op een verhoging. Hij draagt een militair uniform met onderscheidingen en epauletten.
Grot van Massabielle te Lourdes
Object type: stereograph
Date: 1860 – 1880
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: lourdes
Subjects: parts of church exterior and annexes: chapel, cave, grotto
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Provost photographes 23, Rue Lafayette Toulouse (...) No.’
Apollo en Marsyas
Object type: print
Date: 1530 – 1560
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: rome
Subjects: city-view, and landscape with man-made constructions, punishment of marsyas: he is flayed by apollo
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 10, collector's mark: ‘Hinloopen’, collector's mark: Lugt 11

De sater Marsyas is aan een boom gebonden en staat op het punt om gevild te worden. Rechts zit Apollo met zijn lier en een vrouw die toekijkt. Op de achtergrond een landschap.