deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Small, baluster vase with lightly incised flower spray
Object type: vase
Date: 1750 – 1774
Materials: glaze, porcelain
Techniques: firing, turning, vitrification
Location: dehua
Artist: Anonymous

AK-NM-6533 Twee kleine balustervormige vazen

• Dehua blanc de China
• Onderdeel van Royers studiecollectie (inventaris Van de Kasteele 1816, nr. 287)
• Mogelijk afkomstig van Susanna Louisa Huygens

Het is opmerkelijk dat in de rubriek ‘Wit Porceleyn Beeldwerk’ in de boedelbeschrijving van Royers oudtante Susanna Louisa Huygens (1714-1785) blijkbaar ook vaatwerk voorkwam. We treffen daar ‘Twee tonnetjes en een kannetje dito [met bloemen, opwerk] met oiren’. Mogelijk zijn Royers vaasjes de twee tonnetjes uit deze beschrijving, al zijn de bloemtakken ingegrift en geen ‘opwerk’, reliëf. Royer nam veel porselein over uit de nalatenschap van zijn oudtante, maar er is helaas niet precies vastgelegd welke stukken.
Fragment
Object type: textile
Date: 1600 – 1600
Materials: textile
Location: spain
Schrijvende man achter een bureau
Object type: print
Date: 1875 – 1925
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, intaglio
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: writing-table, writing-desk, handwriting, writing as activity
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Ionische zuil, fakkels en een Grieks altaar
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1813 – 1813
Materials: ink, paper, pencil
Techniques: pen
Artist: jonkvrouw catharina kemper
Artist role: draughtsman
Artist dates: 1801 – 1871
Subjects: torch, column, pillar ~ architecture, altar ~ greek religion

Blad 80 recto uit een schetsboek met 91 bladen.
Jar with two ornamental borders
Object type: pot
Date: 1300 – 1599
Materials: glaze, stoneware
Techniques: firing, turning, vitrification
Location: thailand
Artist: Anonymous

Pot van steengoed met een bolvormig lichaam en een smalle, korte nek, beschilderd onder het glazuur in zwart en bedekt met een groen glazuur. Op de buik en de schouder een decoratieve band. Vanuit de schouder twee halfronde oren bevestigd aan de nek. Het onderste deel van de pot is ongeglazuurd. Celadon.
Willem V, prins van Oranje-Nassau
Object type: insignia
Date: 1787 – 1795
Materials: textile
Techniques: casting, embroidery, silvering
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: the hague, william v (prince of orange)

eenzijdig, ovaal, opengewerkt draagteken met aan boven- en onderzijde lussen en bijbehorend geel-verkleurd lint. Voorzijde: borststuk man binnen rand met oranjeappels
Dimostrazione in grande di quella parte di sustruzion (...)
Object type: print
Date: 1762 – 1762
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: rome
Artist: giovanni battista piranesi
Artist role: designer, draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1720 – 1778
Subjects: city-view, and landscape with man-made constructions, ruin of a building ~ architecture
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Een bouwwerk met vijf bogen langs een weg. Volgens de titel die verwijst naar een andere prent uit dezelfde serie gaat het om funderingen van de Villa van Clodio in de Albaanse Heuvels, later in bezit van de familie Barberini. Titel linksonder. Genummerd linksboven: Tav. XI.
Incense Boat
Object type: incense boat
Date: 1250 – 1270
Materials: gilt copper, enamel
Techniques: enamel
Culture: french
Location: france
Broadside with 24 scenes relating the story of Goliath the Giant
Object type: print
Date: 1860 – 1870
Techniques: etching, relief
Artist: antonio bosch
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: spanish
Artist dates: 1860 – 1880
Subjects: men,fishing,horses
Portret van Johann Kaspar Hagenbuch
Object type: print
Date: 1752 – 1803
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Artist: christian gottlieb geyser
Artist role: print maker
Artist dates: 1742 – 1803
Subjects: historical persons, landscape with ruins, book, printed matter
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Aan een tafel zit een gezelschap koffie te drinken
Object type: print
Date: 1711 – 1711
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: amsterdam
Artist: jan luyken
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1649 – 1712
Subjects: cup of coffee, tea- and coffee-service
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Proefdruk van illustratie voor: Luyken, Jan. Het leerzaam huisraad, vertoond in vyftig konstige figuuren, met godlyke spreuken en stichtelyke verzen: Pieter Arentsz. II (wed.) en Cornelis van der Sys, 1711, p. 160.
Portret van U. van Salis
Object type: print
Date: 1700 – 1799
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: germany
Subjects: switzerland, politician, historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Portière Cantonnière. Louis XVI / Décor de Fenêtre. Louis XVI
Object type: print
Date: 1832 – 1877
Materials: paper
Techniques: hand coloring, lithograph
Location: paris
Subjects: window, door, hangings and drapery

Een deur en venster met gedrapeerde gordijnen, beiden in de Lodewijk XVI-stijl. Voor het venster staat een poef. Prent uit 14e Livraison.
Gezicht op het strand van Scheveningen
Object type: stereograph
Date: 1858 – 1890
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: amsterdam
Artist: andries jager
Artist role: publisher
Artist dates: 1825 – 1905
Subjects: beach
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘ook in album [...] de la Hollande’, inscription: ‘STRANDGEZIGT/ TE/ Scheveningen./ A. JAGER, WATER 110, TE AMSTERDAM.’
Portret van een zittende man en een staande vrouw
Object type: photograph
Date: 1871 – 1893
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: rotterdam
Artist: ed. radermacher
Artist role: fotograaf
Artist dates: 1839 – 1908
Subjects: sitting figure, historical persons - bb - woman, historical persons, standing figure - aa - female human figure
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Ed. Radermacher/ PHOTOGRAPHE/ Rotterdam/ KRUISKADE/ Hoek Kerklaan.’
Portret van paus Victor III
Object type: print
Date: 1595 – 1595
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, letterpress printing
Location: rome
Subjects: historical persons, pope, armorial bearing, heraldry

Prent uit: Cavalieri, Giovanni Battista de'. Effigies pontificum romanorum cum eorum vitis (...). Rome: Bartolomeo Bonfadino, 1595. Prent voor het eerst verschenen in: Cavalieri, Giovanni Battista de'. Pontificum romanorum effigies (...). Rome: Domenico Basa en Francesco Zanetti, 1580. Prent ook gebruikt in latere publicaties.
Schutterij van Haarlem, schutterspenning van het Witte Vaandel
Object type: marksman medal
Date: 1650 – 1700
Materials: brass
Techniques: casting
Location: haarlem
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: haarlem

Messing penning. Voorzijde: gekroond wapenschild op twee gekruiste palmtakken boven letters W en V. Keerzijde: gehelmde St. Joris te paard met schild in linkerhand doodt met speer ter aarde liggende draak
Exposition universelle d'Anvers 1894
Object type: wrapper
Date: 1894 – 1894
Materials: cardboard, paper, textile
Techniques: photograph, decorated paper, printing
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘FEB/ 1990’
Bewening
Object type: print
Date: 1658 – 1660
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: paris
Subjects: lamentation over the dead christ by his relatives and friends (christ usually without crown of thorns)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240
Vase with goat masks
Object type: vase
Date: 1894 – 1894
Materials: stoneware
Artist: christopher dresser
Artist role: designer
Artist nationality: british, scottish
Artist dates: 1834 – 1904

Determined that pottery vessels should be regarded as true works of art, avant-garde ceramicists in France in the last decades of the nineteenth century transformed their craft into an intellectual and emotional endeavor. The pioneers of this revival were Jean Carriès, Ernest Chaplet, Théodore Deck, and Auguste Delaherche. These revolutionary artist-potters embraced artisanal traditions while pursuing lost techniques through exhaustive experimentation. Reacting to what they viewed as an excessive and improper use of ornament, they celebrated the simplicity and sincerity of their medium, following the tenets of the Art Nouveau style taking place in Europe. Based on the principles of the British Arts and Crafts movement, Art Nouveau artists sought to reform the decorative arts by emphasizing uniqueness and a return to craftsmanship. Artist-potters found inspiration in Asian ceramics, particularly Japanese stoneware (a hard, dense type of pottery), which was shown in 1878 at the Exposition Universelle in Paris, as well as in the forms, glazes, and techniques of Chinese porcelain and pottery. They also looked to European traditions such as the rustic salt-glazed stoneware of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and Gothic sculpture and architecture. In the process they created works of ceramic art that were entirely modern and new. This piece was acquired from the Robert A. Ellison Collection, renowned collector of European art pottery of the highest quality by the greatest artist-potters of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, whose generous gift allows the Museum to tell the narrative of the art pottery movement in Europe.
Een advocaat met twee mannen en een vrouw in het paleis van justitie
Object type: print
Date: 1898 – 1898
Materials: paper
Techniques: tone lithography
Location: paris
Subjects: court building, lawyer, attorney at law
Inscriptions: check stamp: Lugt 1573

Reproductie verschenen in: La Feuille, vol. 22, 21 december 1898.
Ovoid jar with flower sprays in relief
Object type: pot
Date: 1279 – 1368
Materials: glaze, stoneware
Techniques: firing, relief, turning, vitrification
Location: china
Artist: Anonymous

Eivormige pot van steengoed, bedekt met een grijsgroen gecraqueleerd glazuur. De buik met twee rijen bladmotieven in reliëf en op de schouder een band met bloemtakken in reliëf. Celadon.
Searching for cinchona, India
Object type: photograph
Date: 1870 – 1890
Materials: paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: india
Artist: Anonymous
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘Sytten Clu [?]’, inscription: ‘Roling [?] for Cinchona’

Drie mannen temidden van verdord hout, één ervan met paraplu staand in het midden, de andere twee aan weerszijden met schop en manden.
Omzwervingen van Aeneas
Object type: print
Date: 1663 – 1663
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: italy
Subjects: the (nude) human figure; 'corpo humano' (ripa), other architectural details (console), harpies (classical mythology)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘Hinloopen’, collector's mark: Lugt 11

Deze prent maakt deel uit van een reeks van 20 prenten (+ titelprent) naar de fresco's door de Carracci's in Palazzo Fava Ghisilieri te Bologna.

Deze prent maakte oorspronkelijk deel uit van liber nr. 22 van de Atlas van Rome, uit de collectie Hinloopen. In dit album waren een aantal prentreeksen naar bekende zeventiende eeuwse frescoseries bijeengebonden. In 1709 heeft Schijnvoet op last van de burgemeesters van Amsterdam de collectie herordend. De prenten uit liber 22 kwamen terrecht in Schijnvoet boek nr. 10. De laatst gedateerde reeks in het album is gedateerd 1691. Het album moet dus na deze datum gebonden zijn. De band is in de Rijksakademietijd uit elkaar gehaald. De marges van de prenten zijn bij het opbergen in het Rijksprentenkabinet vaak drastisch afgesneden. Van een aantal series waren de prenten teruggeslagen om in het album te passen. (Zie: Waals, Jan van der. De prentschat van Michiel Hinloopen. 's-Gravenhage: SDU uitgeverij, 1988, pp. 173-174.)
Mustapha Turcarum imperator
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1656 – 1656
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: historical persons, head-gear: turban, emperor
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘4’

Prent gebruikt in: Bos, Lambert van den. Het konincklyk treur-toonneel, ofte op- en ondergangh der keyseren, koningen en vorsten (...). Dordrecht: Jacobus Savry, 1656, dl. 1, p. 589.
Potje of kruikje
Object type: pot
Date: 1400 – 1600
Materials: earthenware
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous

Potje of kruikje van roodbakkend aardewerk, gedeeltelijk bruin geglazuurd. De lage voet loopt smal toe, met daarop het lichaam, dat halverwege op zijn breedst is. Bovenaan een smallere hals met een dikke rand.
There They Go Plucked (i.e. fleeced), plate 20 from Los Caprichos
Object type: print
Date: 1797 – 1799
Materials: paper
Techniques: aquatint, etching, printing
Location: spain
Artist: goya (francisco de goya y lucientes)
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: spanish
Artist dates: 1746 – 1828

In Los caprichos (meaning caprices or whims), a series of etchings by Francisco de Goya, the artist presented his veiled criticisms of late-18th-century Spanish society. Here he depicted ne’er-do-wells—in the form of plucked chicken-men—being cheated by prostitutes. Emphasizing the intended moral of the work’s title, Goya commented of the chickenmen: “If they have already been plucked, get them out: there will be others coming along.” He went so far as to express his anticlerical attitude—dangerous for a man living during the Spanish Inquisition—by including two friars, who stand behind the prostitutes, tolerating, if not condoning, the scene before them.
Reverse Copy of Design for a Pendant, from Ars His Myronis Nobilis Effingitus Pagellulis
Object type: print ornament architecture
Date: 1600 – 1600
Techniques: engraving
Artist: paul birckenhultz
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1561 – 1639
Subjects: pendants

Design for a jewelry pendant, hanging from a putto mask (looking right) and a ribbon at top, with three pearls descending from the bottom. Two hybrid figures with female heads and torsi, wings, and serpentine necks at left and right.
Imagerie Artistique / Série 15
Object type: popular print
Date: 1876 – 1890
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph, letterpress printing
Location: paris
Subjects: napoleon i (emperor of the french), tales and fairy tales, the soldier; the soldier's life
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Blad met 12 voorstellingen over een dappere soldaat in het leger van Napoleon. Onder elke afbeelding een onderschrift. Genummerd linksboven: Série 15. - No. 18.
Vier vrouwen aan de waterkant
Object type: print
Date: 1800 – 1899
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, hand coloring
Location: france
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: river, parasol, sunshade
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228, caption: ‘Les flots de la Loire portaient doucement/ des barques ornées de leurs voiles blanches.’

Prent uit deel drie van een onbekend boek, op p. 100.
Schouwburg met toneeldecor: De Gemeene Buurt
Object type: print
Date: 1760 – 1765
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Location: amsterdam
Subjects: theatre, theatrical performance, stage design
Inscriptions: caption: ‘Gaa, Reindert ! gaa met Fijtje en Rijkje vrij om raad... Geen minnewond word door vermaaningen geneezen.’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228, address: ‘te Amsterdam, by J. Smit, met Privilegie.’, title: ‘De Gemeene Buurt.’

Toneelvoorstelling in de Amsterdamse Schouwburg op de Keizersgracht met het coulissendecor De Gemeene Buurt met scène uit: Het Verliefde Brechje. Het decor gedrukt van een aparte plaat binnen een passe-partout met de zaal, zijloges, orkestbak en de façade van het toneel met zuilen, guirlandes en kroonluchters. De titel en een vierregelig vers ook gedrukt van een aparte plaat. Onderdeel van een serie van twaalf toneeldecors.
Box with scene of a zither (qin) gathering
Object type: box
Date: 1403 – 1424
Materials: lacquer
Techniques: carving
Culture: chinese

On the cover of this box, a pair of seated men relax on a veranda that overlooks a body of water. One plays the Chinese zither (qin) while the other listens. A trio of attendants, one inside the nearby pavilion, also enjoy the music. Scenes depicting the cultured lifestyle and artistic skills of the scholarly class became ubiquitous in Chinese painting and decorative arts after the fourteenth century.
Design for 2 seat or Cabriolet Phaeton, no. 3146
Object type: drawing
Date: 1875 – 1875
Materials: gouache, ink, watercolor
Techniques: pen
Artist: brewster & co.
Artist role: manufacturer
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: carriages

Brewster & Company History Established in 1810 by James Brewster (1788–1866) in New Haven, Connecticut, Brewster & Company, specialized in the manufacture of fine carriages. The founder opened a New York showroom in 1827 at 53-54 Broad Street, and the company flourished under generations of family leadership. Expansion necessitated moves around lower Manhattan, with name changes reflecting shifts of management–James Brewster & Sons operated at 25 Canal Street, James Brewster Sons at 396 Broadway, and Brewster of Broome Street was based at 372 & 374 Broome Street with a repository (showroom) on 14th Street & Fifth Avenue. By 1874, Brewster & Company had 400 employees and combined warehouse and factory facilities at 47th & 48th Streets and Broadway. Brewster successfully branched out to produce their own automobiles, as well as supplying bodies for Rolls Royce at their Long Island City location. Notable clientele included Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, August Belmont, J.P. Morgan, John Jacob Astor, Andrew J. Cassatt (brother of artist Mary Cassatt), William Rockefeller, Henry Clay Frick and Pierre Lorillard. Talented draftsmen employed by the firm included Paul Steinbeck, Herman Stahmer and John Gribbon, the latter teaching at the Carriage Builders and Designers Technical School, which opened in 1880 and was housed initially at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. When the company finally dissolved in 1923, its last owner William Brewster (1866–1949) donated its archive of design and presentation drawings to the Museum where he served as benefactor and trustee. Of all American carriage manufacturers, none was as highly regarded for design, finish and quality as Brewster & Company. They won many awards for outstanding workmanship, including the Legion d’Honneur (Legion of Honor) at the 1878 Paris Exposition (3rd World’s Fair). In appreciation for this achievement the Carriage Builders’ National Association presented them with a gold enameled Tiffany & Company plaque and autograph book signed by leading American carriage builders, both now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Merri Ferrell, 2016
Manuscript pages showing battle scenes
Object type: manuscript page showing battle scene
Date: 1601 – 1633
Materials: ink, paper, pigment
Culture: turkish
Location: ottoman empire
Subjects: animals,battles,men,horses
Amelia Glover, from the Actresses series (N246), Type 1, issued by Kinney Brothers to promote Sporting Extra Cigarettes
Object type: photograph
Date: 1890 – 1890
Techniques: albumen silver print
Artist: kinney brothers tobacco company
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1869 – 2011
Subjects: portraits,women,actresses

Trade cards from the set "Actresses" (N246), issued ca. 1890 by Kinney Brothers Tobacco to promote Sporting Extra Cigarettes. There are two types of cards in the series, varying by size.
The Burial of Saint Martha
Object type: painting, predella panel
Date: 1460 – 1470
Materials: gold, paint, wood
Artist: sano di pietro (ansano di pietro di mencio)
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1405 – 1481
Subjects: women,angels,saints,burials
Portret van een onbekende vrouw met een tak in de hand
Object type: photograph
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Location: berlin
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: adult woman, plants; vegetation (+ branch, stick)
Inscriptions: date: ‘17 XII 12’, inscription: ‘Hartelijk Gefelieteerd.’, inscription: ‘Afzenster (...) Amsterdam’
Melpomene, from "The Muses and the Three Goddesses"
Object type: print
Date: 1540 – 1545
Techniques: engraving
Artist: anonymous, french-italian, 17th century
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french italian
Artist dates: 1600 – 1700
Subjects: muses
Gezicht op de Overtoom te Amsterdam
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1907 – 1907
Materials: chalk, paper
Location: amsterdam
Artist: george hendrik breitner
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1857 – 1923
Subjects: urban housing, canals, waters (in city)
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘nacht Overtoom’

Gezicht op de Overtoom te Amsterdam. Pagina 2 uit een schetsboek met 46 bladen vervaardigd in Amsterdam, Rotterdam en Haarlem.
Gezicht op de Engelenburcht en de Engelenbrug over de rivier de Tiber te Rome
Object type: opticaprent
Date: 1759 – 1759
Materials: cardboard, paper, watercolor
Techniques: brush, etching
Location: paris
Subjects: fortress, bridge in city across river, canal, etc. (+ city(-scape) with figures, staffage)
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2233
Groepsportret met leerlingen van de Halliwick School for Girls
Object type: photograph
Date: 1896 – 1896
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Location: london
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: anonymous historical persons portrayed in a group, in a group-portrait - bb - woman, student - bb - female student
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘Halliwick School. 1896.’
Teabowl (part of a service)
Object type: teabowl
Date: 1780 – 1790
Materials: enamel, soft paste porcelain
Techniques: gilding
Artist: caughley factory
Artist role: factory
Artist nationality: british
Artist dates: 1772 – 1799
Saint in Ecstasy
Object type: drawing
Date: 1613 – 1699
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: pen, wash
Artist: mattia preti (il cavalier calabrese)
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1613 – 1699
Subjects: angels,saints
Bird Houses and Plum Branch
Object type: print
Techniques: woodblock print, surimono
Location: japan
Artist: ryuryukyo shinsai
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist nationality: japanese
Artist dates: 1764 – 1820
Reclame voor de fruithandel van S.W. Gergory met gezicht op zijn winkel in Hartford, Connecticut
Object type: carte de visite
Date: 1850 – 1915
Materials: cardboard, photographic support
Techniques: albumen print
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: shop, store, advertising
Inscriptions: inscription: ‘(...)’
Cylinder seal
Object type: cylinder seal
Date: 1500 – 1201
Materials: quartz
Culture: mitanni
Location: mesopotamia or syria
Subjects: animals
A Hunt on the Plains
Object type: print
Date: 1701 – 1800
Materials: ink, paper
Techniques: hand coloring, woodblock print
Culture: chinese
Heads of Three Lions
Object type: print
Date: 1641 – 1641
Techniques: etching
Artist: stefano della bella
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1610 – 1664
Subjects: lions
Buddha Shakyamuni
Object type: upper half of figure
Date: 581 – 618
Materials: marble
Culture: chinese
Subjects: buddha
Firenze - Chiesa di S. Maria Novella. Un dettaglio dell' affresco "La Nascita della Vergine" (Dom. Ghirlandaio)
Object type: ansichtkaart, prentbriefkaart
Date: 1906 – 1930
Materials: cardboard
Techniques: photograph
Location: florence
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: church (exterior), picture, painting
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘AFE v S’
Terracotta vase in the form of a ketos (sea monster)
Object type: vase in the form of a ketos sea monster
Date: 650 – 601
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek
Subjects: monsters

This spirited sculptural vase is among the earliest extant representations of a Greek ketos, or sea monster. The creature has a formidable leonine head with big eyes and a goatee, a striped belly, scales, and two flipperlike fins. With its long, furry ears pressed back and its large, prominent teeth bared, it gestures menacingly. A hole in the top of the head would have been used to fill the vase, and liquid would have poured out through the hole in the tongue between the large fangs. Except for the loss of the end of the body and tail, the vase is remarkably well preserved, with much added red paint on the ears, face, and alternating scales. The iconography of the Greek ketos was established in the Archaic period (ca. 600–480 B.C.) and remained amazingly consistent for centuries, long into Roman Imperial times. It is one of the creatures that after the conquests of Alexander the Great (r. 331–323 B.C.) traveled to the East, where it appeared in Gandharan art and influenced representations of monsters from Afghanistan to India. The ketos has even been suggested as a partial inspiration for the Chinese dragon.