deem-data/ArtiFact huggingface dataset:
Corona delle Nobili et Virtuose Donne: Libro I-IV, page 11 (recto)
Object type: book print ornament architecture
Date: 1601 – 1601
Techniques: woodcut
Location: italy
Artist: cesare vecellio
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1521 – 1601
Subjects: ornament

Published by Cesare Vecellio, Italian, Pieve di Cadore 1521-1601 Venice, Venice. From top to bottom, and left to right: Design composed of 2 horizontal registers. Top register is decorated with a zigzagging vine of 3-sided leaves that sits upon 2 rectangular bases: top base is ornamented with diamonds and bottom base is ornamented with floral motifs. Bottom register is decorated with 3 squares ornamented with an elaborated floral motif in the center.
Théagène
Object type: print
Date: 1639 – 1640
Techniques: engraving, etching
Artist: gilles rousselet
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1614 – 1686
Subjects: books,men,leaves
Recueil Des Trophés Chinoises
Object type: print
Date: 1770 – 1770
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: paris
Subjects: trophy, i.e.: decorative arrangement of symbolic or typical objects ~ ornament, fire-tongs, kitchen-utensils (with name), bellows
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760, collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Een trofee met een blaasbalg, een tang, een schep, een ketel met kolen en een standaard waarop de serietitel.
Gezicht op Rue de Tournai, 1842
Object type: print
Date: 1874 – 1874
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching, intaglio
Subjects: street
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

De etsen naar de schilderijen van Frédéric Van de Kerkhove werden na zijn dood door zijn vader en zuster gemaakt en uitgegeven in twee reeksen. De eerste werd in 1877 uitgegeven door het Journal des Beaux-Arts et de la Littérature: Cahier de 25 Eaux-fortes d'après Frédéric van de Kerkhove, gravées par son père et sa sœur. De tweede reeks van 126 etsen, ook in 1877, werd in Parijs uitgegeven bij A. Lévy onder de titel Cent eaux-fortes gravées par J. Van de Kerkhove d'après les tableaux de Frédéric Van de Kerkhove, mort en 1873 à l'âge de 10 ans et 11 mois.
Decoratief object: man met fles in hand, op ton
Object type: decoratief object
Date: 1760 – 1790
Materials: earthenware, glaze
Techniques: painted, polychromy
Location: delft
Artist: Anonymous
Inscriptions: collector's mark: ‘collection JF Loudon’, inscription: ‘no 8’

Decoratief object van veelkleurig beschilderde faïence. Op een onderstel met vier poten ligt een ton. Op de ton zit een man met in zijn rechterhand een fles. De man heeft een blauwe jas.
Zebu, from the Quadrupeds series (N21) for Allen & Ginter Cigarettes
Object type: print
Date: 1890 – 1890
Techniques: color lithograph
Artist: allen & ginter
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: animals

Trade cards from the "Quadrupeds" series (N21), issued in 1890 in a set of 50 cards to promote Allen & Ginter brand cigarettes.
Meisje aan het schrijven
Object type: print
Date: 1883 – 1927
Materials: paper
Techniques: wood engraving, letterpress printing
Location: london
Subjects: girl (child between toddler and youth), writing and letters

Prent uit: Jane en Ann Taylor. Little Ann and other poems. Londen: George Routledge & Sons, [1883], p. 27. Of een latere uitgave.
Doorkijk door een boog
Object type: drawing
Date: 1861 – 1904
Materials: paper, pencil
Artist: thomas cool
Artist role: draughtsman, painter
Artist dates: 1851 – 1904
Subjects: landscape with ruins, rome
Boerderij
Object type: print
Date: 1832 – 1850
Materials: paper
Techniques: colour
Location: rotterdam
Subjects: cow, farmers, agricultural implements, horse, farm (building) - aa - civic architecture: inside
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

Een boerderij met boeren, boerinnen en dieren, waaronder koeien, paarden, geiten en kippen. Genummerd rechtsboven: No. 61.
Valentine with Cobweb
Object type: valentine
Date: 1841 – 1841
Materials: watercolor
Techniques: lithograph
Artist: Anonymous
Artist role: artist
Subjects: butterflies,flowers
Straatgezicht met lopend echtpaar
Object type: album leaf
Date: 1910 – 1950
Materials: photographic support
Techniques: gelatin silver print
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: couple of lovers, street (+ city(-scape) with figures, staffage)
Portret van Hendricks Haecks
Object type: print
Date: 1683 – 1746
Materials: paper
Techniques: mezzotint
Subjects: koopman, haecks, henricksz.
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 240, inscription: ‘Sr. Hendricks. Heaks natus Lutbeckensus mercator amsteldami AO. 1697’

De Duitse koopman Hendricks Haecks, in profiel.
View of Rani Sipri's mosque at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Object type: photograph
Date: 1865 – 1890
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: ahmedabad
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: temple, shrine ~ islam, mohammedanism
Inscriptions: number: ‘19’, title: ‘Ahmedabad Rani Spira's Tomb and Mosque’
Pijpenkop uit het wrak van de Oost-Indiëvaarder Hollandia
Object type: pipe bowl
Date: 1700 – 1743
Materials: clay
Location: netherlands
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: verenigde oostindische compagnie, hollandia (schip), annet

Pipe, bowl without heel: stamped decoration; fragment, imprint: 1 dot.
Bonaventure Cemetery in Savannah
Object type: stereograph
Date: 1860 – 1880
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: savannah
Subjects: cemetery, park-like burying ground
Inscriptions: number: ‘75’, inscription: ‘The beautiful tract of land bearing this name was first settled (...)’
Gezicht op Delft
Object type: print
Date: 1742 – 1784
Materials: paper
Techniques: etching
Location: haarlem
Artist: hendrik spilman
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1721 – 1784
Subjects: church (exterior), outskirts of city, windmill in landscape (+ city(-scape) with figures, staffage), delft
Portret van Kaspar Freuler
Object type: print
Date: 1785 – 1785
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, etching
Subjects: switzerland, france, armour, historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228

Latere staat gebruikt in: Zurlauben, Béat Fidèle Antoine Dominique. Tableaux de la Suisse, ou, Voyage pittoresque fait dans les XIII cantons (...). Parijs: Lamy, 1785.
Oosterse man, zittend bij een kruik
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1899 – 1899
Materials: chalk, paper
Location: turkey
Artist: marius bauer
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1867 – 1932
Subjects: asiatic races and peoples, sitting figure, container of ceramics: jar, jug, pot, vase
Inscriptions: kleurnotitie, handgeschreven

Pagina 67 uit een schetsboek met 42 bladen.
Zuil met anker / Cornucopia met palmtak
Object type: print
Date: 1666 – 1666
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, letterpress printing
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: 'cornucopia', horn of plenty, column, pillar ~ architecture, parts of ship's exterior: anchor

Pagina uit Jacob Typotius, Symbola Divina & Humana Pontificum Imperatorum Regum. Arnhem, J.F. Hagen, 1666 of uit de titeluitgave van 1669 of 1679. Het werk van Typotius werd voor het eerst uitgegeven in 1601 met prenten van Aegidius Sadeler.
Types Parisiens
Object type: cartoon
Date: 1842 – 1842
Materials: paper
Techniques: letterpress printing, lithograph
Location: paris
Artist: honoré daumier
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1808 – 1879
Subjects: caricatures (human types), smell, smelling (one of the five senses), old woman, butcher, slaughterman, paris
Inscriptions: stamp: ‘Timbre Royal Seine, 3 c.’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228a

Prent uit: Le Charivari, 27 juli 1842. Prent voor het eerst gebruikt in: La Caricature, nr. 17, 24 februari 1839.
Hollandse penning van Floris IV, 1222-1234
Object type: coin
Date: 1222 – 1234
Materials: silver
Techniques: striking
Location: dordrecht
Artist: floris iv (graaf van holland)
Artist dates: 1210 – 1234

Zilveren munt. Voorzijde: hoofd met gravenmuts naar rechts. Keerzijde: kort dubbellijnig kruis.
Strook kloskant met cartouche waaruit een margriet ontspringt die een schulp vormt langs de onderrand
Object type: strip
Date: 1725 – 1749
Materials: linen
Techniques: lace
Location: southern netherlands
Artist: Anonymous

Strook naturelkleurige kloskant, Binche-kant. Het zich herhalende patroon bestaat uit een cartouche langs de bovenrand, met brede voluutbladeren die zich naar links en rechts uitstrekken. Uit één van de voluutbladeren ontspringt een bloemstengel, die naar de onderzijde afbuigt en met een grote margriet één van de schulpen vormt. Tussen de opeenvolgende margrieten worden de andere schulpen gevormd door een langgerekt voluut, dat links en rechts geflankeerd wordt door een min of meer spitsovaalvormige cartouche. De motieven zijn met elkaar verbonden door een siergrond, een sneeuwvlokkengrond. Het volwerk is voornamelijk gemaakt in linnenslag met opengewerkte randjes en deels in netslag. In onder andere de cartouches en in bloemharten zijn siergronden toegepast Boven- en onderzijde zijn recht afgewerkt, waarbij de onderzijde is voorzien van picots. De strook bestaat uit twee gelijke delen, die in het midden met een naad aan elkaar zijn gezet.
The Cassia Grove Studio
Object type: handscroll
Date: 1532 – 1532
Materials: ink, paper
Culture: chinese
Artist: wen zhengming
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: chinese
Artist dates: 1470 – 1559
Subjects: buildings,landscapes

Wen Zhengming painted The Cassia Grove Studio to celebrate the success of a fellow scholar, Zheng Zichong, at passing the civil-service examination. "Plucking the cassia" was a metaphor for such success. A fall flower, the cassia was usually associated with the provincial examinations, traditionally held in the autumn. The red vine leaves identify this as an autumnal scene. The painting presents Zheng Zichong in his garden. Half hidden by the wall of his studio, he appears in rapt contemplation of the scenery. The rustic structures and fence indicate the simple but elegant taste of the Ming scholar; a cabinet full of scrolls visible through the window shows his appreciation of the arts. As both a depiction of a garden studio and a portrait of its owner, Wen's gemlike painting portrays the pleasures of a scholarly life devoted to the arts and to the pursuit of learning.
Politieke spotprent met Sinterklaas, 1886
Object type: print
Date: 1886 – 1886
Materials: paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: the hague
Subjects: festivities on st. nicholas (eve) (december 5)

Politieke spotprent waarin Sinterklaas geschenken klaar zet. Plaat verschenen bij het weekblad De Nederlandsche Spectator, nr. 49, 1886.
Terracotta fragment of a kylix (drinking cup)
Object type: kylix fragment
Date: 600 – 401
Materials: terracotta
Culture: greek, attic

Black glazed fragment from the center of a kylix with the stem and foot; the outer edge of the foot is unglazed; the outer edge of the resting surface is unglazed; the underside of the foot is glazed
Hoe dat Jesus Christus is gekruyst geworden
Object type: print
Date: 1800 – 1833
Materials: paper
Techniques: colour, letterpress printing
Location: turnhout
Subjects: crucified christ with mary, john, and mary magdalene
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2760

De Kruisiging van Christus. Maria, Johannes en Maria Magdalena onder het kruis. Rondom tekst in boekdruk in het Nederlands. Geheel omgeven door een sierrand. Genummerd rechtsonder: No. 38.
Schotelscherf van witbakkend aardewerk, voorzien van wit glazuur aan de boven- en onderzijde, waarbij op de bovenzijde de resten van een omrande voorstelling van een landschap met bebouwing in blauw te zien zijn
Object type: fragment
Date: 1500 – 1699
Materials: earthenware, glaze
Artist: Anonymous
Page from Ein new kunstlich Modelbuch...(Page 35v)
Object type: book print ornament architecture
Date: 1544 – 1544
Techniques: woodcut
Artist: peter quentel
Artist role: publisher
Artist nationality: german
Artist dates: 1500 – 1550
Subjects: ornament

Published by Peter Guentel, Cologne. Illustrated title page, architectural border on reverse of title page, 99 pages of designs, arms of Cologne on last page (Merlos 1063.477, Van Worms).
De presentatie van Maria in de tempel
Object type: book illustration
Date: 1480 – 1500
Materials: paper
Techniques: woodcut
Subjects: dedication (or presentation) of mary in the temple: she ascends the steps and is received by the high priest

Eén blad van 113 uit Ludolphus de Saxonia, "Dit es dleué ons liefs heeren ihesu christi". Anonieme Nederlandse vertaling. Uitgegeven door Henrick Eckert van Homberch te Antwerpen in 1503. Botke, K. Deze 113 houtsneden, die meestal reeds in vroege Nederlandse boeken gebruikt zijn, worden toegeschreven aan de tweede Meester van Delft, de Meester van de Delbecq-Schreiber-passie en de Meester van de Virgo inter Virgines. In Conway (1884) en in "De gulden passer"(1951) zijn ook eerdere versies opgenomen. Botke, K.
Break (unnumbered)
Object type: drawing
Date: 1850 – 1870
Materials: ink, watercolor
Artist: brewster & co.
Artist role: manufacturer
Artist nationality: american
Subjects: carriages

Brewster & Company History Established in 1810 by James Brewster (1788–1866) in New Haven, Connecticut, Brewster & Company, specialized in the manufacture of fine carriages. The founder opened a New York showroom in 1827 at 53-54 Broad Street, and the company flourished under generations of family leadership. Expansion necessitated moves around lower Manhattan, with name changes reflecting shifts of management–James Brewster & Sons operated at 25 Canal Street, James Brewster Sons at 396 Broadway, and Brewster of Broome Street was based at 372 & 374 Broome Street with a repository (showroom) on 14th Street & Fifth Avenue. By 1874, Brewster & Company had 400 employees and combined warehouse and factory facilities at 47th & 48th Streets and Broadway. Brewster successfully branched out to produce their own automobiles, as well as supplying bodies for Rolls Royce at their Long Island City location. Notable clientele included Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, August Belmont, J.P. Morgan, John Jacob Astor, Andrew J. Cassatt (brother of artist Mary Cassatt), William Rockefeller, Henry Clay Frick and Pierre Lorillard. Talented draftsmen employed by the firm included Paul Steinbeck, Herman Stahmer and John Gribbon, the latter teaching at the Carriage Builders and Designers Technical School, which opened in 1880 and was housed initially at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. When the company finally dissolved in 1923, its last owner William Brewster (1866–1949) donated its archive of design and presentation drawings to the Museum where he served as benefactor and trustee. Of all American carriage manufacturers, none was as highly regarded for design, finish and quality as Brewster & Company. They won many awards for outstanding workmanship, including the Legion d’Honneur (Legion of Honor) at the 1878 Paris Exposition (3rd World’s Fair). In appreciation for this achievement the Carriage Builders’ National Association presented them with a gold enameled Tiffany & Company plaque and autograph book signed by leading American carriage builders, both now at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Merri Ferrell, 2016
The Infant Punchinello in Bed with His Parents
Object type: drawing
Date: 1767 – 1833
Materials: chalk, ink
Techniques: pen, wash
Artist: giovanni domenico tiepolo
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: italian
Artist dates: 1727 – 1804
Subjects: infants,fathers,mothers,beds,cradles
Portret van de tekenaar Dirk Versteegh
Object type: print
Date: 1784 – 1826
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Artist: jacob ernst marcus
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1774 – 1826
Subjects: dirk versteegh, historical persons, portrait, self-portrait of artist, portrait, self-portrait of draughtsman
Palazzo Massimo alle Colonne, portico, elevation; portal, cornice, section; portal bracket, detail; fireplace, detail (recto) blank (verso)
Object type: drawing
Materials: chalk, ink
Techniques: incising
Artist: anonymous, french, 16th century
Artist role: draftsman
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1500 – 1600
Subjects: architecture
Portret van Wilhelmina, koningin der Nederlanden
Object type: print
Date: 1885 – 1918
Materials: paper
Techniques: drypoint, etching
Location: amsterdam
Artist: carel lodewijk dake
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1857 – 1918
Subjects: the hague, print maker, wilhelmina of the netherlands, historical persons - bb - woman, ranks ~ rulers, sovereigns - bb - female ruler

De hier vermelde titel verwijst naar de hoogst verkregen titel van de geportretteerde, niet per se naar de titel die de geportretteerde op deze voorstelling draagt.
The First Fashion Magazine
Object type: fashion print
Date: 1788 – 1788
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving, hand coloring
Location: paris
Subjects: clothing for the upper part of the body (caraco) (+ women's clothes), walking-stick, staff, cane (+ women's clothes), clothing for the upper part of the body (vest) (+ women's clothes), cape (pelisse) (+ women's clothes), head-gear: cap (+ women's clothes), fashion plates, head-gear: hat (+ women's clothes), shoes, sandals (+ women's clothes), gloves, mittens, etc. (+ women's clothes), dress, gown (+ women's clothes), book - mm - book open, piece of clothing covering the breast or décolleté (fichu) (+ women's clothes)

The Cabinet des Modes ou les Modes Nouvelles first appeared on 15 November 1785. As the first real fashion magazine, it was published on a regular basis and wholly dedicated to news from the world of fashion. It was available by subscription only and distributed both in France and abroad. Each eight-page edition contained three hand-coloured engravings. After a year in print, the magazine changed its name to Magasin des Modes Nouvelles Françaises et Anglaises. Instead of three loose sheets, it now included a single fold-out plate depicting clothes and accessories. Publication of the Magasin ceased abruptly in 1789; after this, it was most likely succeeded by the Journal de la Mode et du Goût.
Untitled Trial Lithograph
Object type: print
Date: 1900 – 1900
Materials: chine, ink, paper
Techniques: lithograph
Location: france
Artist: odilon redon
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1840 – 1916
The wolfe of Badenoch : an historical romance of the fourteenth century / by Thomas Dick Lauder
Object type: book
Date: 1863 – 1863
Materials: cardboard, linen, paper
Techniques: albumen print, printing
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘MAY/ 2005’
VOC, duit stad Utrecht,1781
Object type: coin
Date: 1781 – 1781
Materials: copper
Techniques: striking
Location: utrecht

Koperen munt. Voorzijde: op balk, waaronder guirlande, geplaatst, door twee leeuwen gehouden gekroond wapenschild van de stad Utrecht. Keerzijde: monogram van de VOC, waarboven muntteken en waaronder jaartal. Gladde rand.
Portret van medicus Giovanni Verardo Zeviani
Object type: print
Date: 1814 – 1821
Materials: paper
Techniques: engraving
Location: italy
Subjects: historical persons
Inscriptions: collector's mark: Lugt 2228
Doosje behorend bij een bronzen penning ter ere van het vijftigjarig bestaan van het Rijksmuseum te Amsterdam
Object type: box
Date: 1935 – 1935
Materials: leather, velvet
Location: the hague
Artist: dirk bus
Artist role: sculptor
Artist dates: 1907 – 1978
Subjects: rijksmuseum amsterdam, amsterdam

Vierkant doosje van leer. Op de deksel staat Rijksmuseum Amsterdam 1885-1935. De randen zijn goudkleurig, binnnzijde is van rood-bruin fluweel.
Glass mosaic inlay
Object type: mosaic block inlay
Date: 100 – 100
Materials: glass
Culture: egyptian or roman

Opaque yellow ground; decoration in opaque white, red, and greyish green, and translucent deep purple appearing black. Narrow horizontal strip, tapering slightly towards the right and rounded right edge. Asymmetrical repetitive floral motif with palmettes, lotus buds, and stems flanked by four ivy leaves. Broken and repaired with some cracks and losses; upper, underside, and edges ground and polished; deep pitting of some surface bubbles. This piece is cut from the same mosaic glass bar as 17.194.377, but decoration appears in mirror image.
Vrouw in een jurk, mogelijk een danseres
Object type: sketchbook leaf
Date: 1875 – 1934
Materials: paper, pencil
Artist: isaac israels
Artist role: draughtsman, painter, print maker
Artist dates: 1865 – 1934
Subjects: female dancer, dress, gown

Blad 40 verso uit schetsboek LII met 43 bladen.
Noorwegen, Lulea - Ofoten railway
Object type: photograph
Date: 1888 – 1900
Materials: cardboard, paper
Techniques: albumen print
Location: sweden
Artist: Anonymous
Subjects: railway, train
Sevilla-El postigo del aceite y muralla antigua
Object type: photograph
Date: 1857 – 1880
Techniques: albumen print
Artist: juan laurent
Artist role: publisher
Artist dates: 1816 – 1896
Subjects: sevilla
Boy with a Sword, Turned Left
Object type: print
Date: 1862 – 1862
Materials: paper
Techniques: aquatint, etching
Artist: édouard manet
Artist role: artist
Artist nationality: french
Artist dates: 1832 – 1883
Subjects: swords,boys

This print is the most successful of Manet's several efforts to reproduce the painting of the same title that has been in the Metropolitan Museum's collection since 1889 (89.21.2). Converting brushstrokes into lines never came easily to the artist, but he wisely studied the prints of Goya, where he learned how to tone etchings with aquatint and pack together scribbled lines. Thus, when it came to etching a copy of his painting inspired by one of a court page by Velázquez, he could employ the same methods Goya had used when etching copies of Velázquez's portraits.
En profil portret van Hugo de Groot
Object type: print
Date: 1885 – 1909
Materials: paper
Techniques: drypoint, etching
Artist: mary hector rupert cantineau
Artist role: draughtsman, print maker
Artist dates: 1875 – 
Subjects: delft, hugo de groot, historical person (...) - historical person (...) portrayed alone
Inscriptions: annotation: ‘epreuve unique’, collector's mark: Lugt 2228, annotation: ‘1er état’, annotation: ‘eau-forte originale’

Sterfdatum prentmaker onbekend. Derhalve is voor bepaling van de rechten van dit object de verwervingsdatum aangehouden.
Letter from George Washington to New York Governor George Clinton
Object type: letter
Date: 1780 – 1780
Materials: ink, paper
Culture: american
Location: united states
Artist: george washington
Artist role: author
Artist nationality: american
Artist dates: 1732 – 1799
Subjects: george washington

This letter from George Washington to Governor George Clinton of New York (1739–1812) was written by Tench Tilghman, aide-de-camp to General Washington. It is dated "Head Quarters, New Windsor, 19 December, 1780." The letter requests that workmen at the armory in Albany be exempted from service in the Militia. The full text of the letter reads: "Head Quarters New Windsor 19th: December 1700 Dear Sir We have an Armoury at Albany at which all the Arms in this quarter have been constantly repaired, to a very great amount. Several of the Workmen are Citizens, and as they are liable to be called out into the Militia service, they are every now and then taken off, and the public work thereby impeded. As they are so usefully employed, I would request your Excellency, if it can be done consistently, to grant those who are with Mr. Shephard the principal Armourer an exeption from military duty while in his service. I have the honor to be with very great Respect your Excellency's most oft and humble servant G. Washington His Excellency Gov. Clinton"
Johan en Cornelis de Witt vermoord in 's-Gravenhage 1672
Object type: history medal
Date: 1672 – 1672
Materials: silver
Techniques: striking

Zilveren penning, op de voorzijde de geconjugeerde borstbeelden van Johan en Cornelis de Witt, met omschrift, op de keerzijde acht regels tekst binnen een krans versierd met bladranken.
Pair of armchairs
Object type: armchair
Date: 1785 – 1785
Materials: wood
Techniques: painting
Artist: nicolas delaporte
Artist role: maker
Artist dates: 1725 – 1825