GitHub Security Advisory: GHSA-496f-x7cq-cq39
Package: Exiv2 (PIP)
Severity: LOW (CVSS 0.0)
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
Vulnerable versions: <= 0.17.3
Patched in: unpatched

Summary: Exiv2 Segmentation Faults in Exiv2::EpsImage::writeMetadata() via crafted EPS file

Details:
### Impact
An out-of-bounds read was found in Exiv2 versions v0.28.5 and earlier. Exiv2 is a command-line utility and C++ library for reading, writing, deleting, and modifying the metadata of image files. The out-of-bounds read is triggered when Exiv2 is used to write metadata into a crafted image file. An attacker could potentially exploit the vulnerability to cause a denial of service by crashing Exiv2, if they can trick the victim into running Exiv2 on a crafted image file.

Note that this bug is only triggered when writing the metadata, which is a less frequently used Exiv2 operation than reading the metadata. For example, to trigger the bug in the Exiv2 command-line application, you need to add an extra command-line argument such as delete.

### Patches
The bug is fixed in version v0.28.6.

### Credit
Thank you to @dragonArthurX for reporting this issue.

### Details (from original report by @dragonArthurX )
**Version:**
Tested on v0.28.5 (latest official release)
Commit: 907169fa643c2c74c14fd4106e55eaeee3634d9f

**Platform:**
Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS (x86_64)

**Build Steps:**
```bash
git clone https://github.com/Exiv2/exiv2.git
cd exiv2
git checkout v0.28.5
mkdir build-v0.28.5 && cd build-v0.28.5
cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/fuzzer/afl-clang-fast -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/fuzzer/afl-clang-fast++ -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-g -fsanitize=address" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-g -fsanitize=address" -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF ../
```

**Command line to reproduce:**
```bash
/home/exiv2/build/bin/exiv2 -d a -f /home/poc 
```

**Crash Output:** 
```
AddressSanitizer:DEADLYSIGNAL
 ================================================================ = 
==376531==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: SEGV on unknown address 0x7fd92236b0e7 (pc 0x7fd82314dcd2 bp 0x7ffd540ceba0 sp 0x7ffd540ce358 T0)
==376531==The signal is caused by a READ memory access.
    #0 0x7fd82314dcd2  /build/glibc-B3wQXB/glibc-2.31/string/../sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S:383
    #1 0x4ed131 in __asan_memcpy (/home/exiv2/build-v0.28.5/bin/exiv2+0x4ed131)
    #2 0x6184b1 in Exiv2::MemIo::write(unsigned char const*, unsigned long) /home/exiv2/src/basicio.cpp:704:5
    #3 0xad336d in (anonymous namespace)::writeTemp(Exiv2::BasicIo&, unsigned char const*, unsigned long) /home/exiv2/src/epsimage.cpp:90:14
    #4 0xac3a07 in (anonymous namespace)::readWriteEpsMetadata(Exiv2::BasicIo&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&, std::vector<Exiv2::NativePreview, std::allocator<Exiv2::NativePreview> >&, bool) /home/exiv2/src/epsimage.cpp:1009:7
    #5 0xad1175 in Exiv2::EpsImage::writeMetadata() /home/exiv2/src/epsimage.cpp:1103:3
    #6 0x5d2383 in Action::Erase::run(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&) /home/exiv2/app/actions.cpp:713:14
    #7 0x522d02 in main /home/exiv2/app/exiv2.cpp:177:25
    #8 0x7fd8230b6082 in __libc_start_main /build/glibc-B3wQXB/glibc-2.31/csu/../csu/libc-start.c:308:16
    #9 0x4714dd in _start (/h