dean22029/WTO_Docs huggingface dataset:
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: request for consultations
Date: 23 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS562/5; WT/DS562/1.
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 22 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of the European Union, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the
request of the United States.

The United States has received your letter of 24 August 2018, requesting to join in the consultations
requested by China as circulated in document

Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
("DSU") provides that a Member that considers it has a substantial trade interest in the consultations
shall be joined in the consultations "provided that the Member to which the request for consultations
was addressed agrees that the claim of substantial interest is well -founded." The European Union
("EU") refers to the value of its crystalline silicon photovoltaic products imports into the United States
as approximately $220 million a year based on the average of import amounts from 2014 -2016.
Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the DSU, the United States is accepting your request to join these
consultations, without prejudice to the question of whether the EU has demonstrated a substantial
trade interest in these consultations.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: request for consultations
Date: 23 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS562/6; WT/DS562/1.
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 22 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of Thailand, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the request
of the United States.

The United States has received your letter of 27 August 2018, requesting to join in the consultations
requested by China as circulated in document

Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
("DSU") provides that a Member that considers it has a substantial trade interest in the consultations
shall be joined in the consultations "provided that the Member to which the request for consultations
was addressed agrees that the claim of substantial interest is well-founded." Thailand refers to the
value of its crystalline silicon photovoltaic pro duct imports into the United States as approximately
$435.4 million in 2017. Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the DSU, the United States is accepting your
request to join these consultations.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUESTS TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUESTS TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Date: 23 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS562/7
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUESTS TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
The European Union and Thailand notified the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of their desire to be
joined in the consultations requested by China, pursuant to Article 4.11 of the DSU.

The delegation of the United States informed the DSB that it had accepted the requests of the
European Union and Thailand to join the consultations.

ÉTATS-UNIS – MESURE DE SAUVEGARDE VISANT LES IMPORTATIONS
DE PRODUITS PHOTOVOLTAÏQUES AU SILICIUM CRISTALLIN
DE PARTICIPATION AUX CONSULTATIONS

DE PRODUCTOS FOTOVOLTAICOS DE SILICIO CRISTALINO
La Unión Europea y Tailandia notificaron al Órgano de Solución de Diferencias (OSD), de conformidad
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF CHINA
Document: Note by the Secretariat
Date: 25 October 2019
Document codes: WT/DS562/9; WT/DS562/8; WT/DS562/8
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF CHINA
Note by the Secretariat
1. At its meeting on 15 August 2019, the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB ) established a panel
pursuant to the request of China in document , in accordance with Article 6 of the
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU).1

2. The Panel's terms of reference are the following:

To examine, in the light of the relevant provisions of the covered agreements cited by
the parties to the dispute, the matter referred t o the DSB by China in document
 and to make such findings as will assist the DSB in making the
recommendations or in giving the rulings provided for in those agreements.
3. On 14 October 2019, China requested the Director-General to determine the composition of
the Panel, pursuant to Article 8.7 of the DSU. This paragraph provides:

If there is no agreement on the pa nelists within 20 days after the date of the
establishment of a panel, at the request of either party, the Director -General, in
consultation with the Chairman of the DSB and the Chairman of the relevant Council or
Committee, shall determine the composition of the panel by appointing the panelists
whom the Director-General considers most appropriate in accordance with any relevant
special or additional rules or procedures of the covered agreement or covered
agreements which are at issue in the dispute, after consulting with the parties to the
dispute. The Chairman of the DSB shall inform the Members of the composition of the
panel thus formed no later than 10 days after the date the Chairman recei ves such a
request.
4. On 24 October 2019, the Director-General accordingly composed the Panel as follows:

 Chairperson: Mr Guillermo Valles

 Members: Mr José Antonio de la Puente León
 Ms Chantal Ononaiwu

5. Brazil, Canada, the European Union, India, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Philippines,
the Russian Federation, and Chinese Taipei have reserved their rights to participate in the Pane l
proceedings as third parties.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 24 April 2020
Document codes: WT/DS562/10
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 24 April 2020, was received from the Chairman of the Panel
with the request that it be circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU provides that, when a pa nel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic
Products (DS562) was established by the DSB on 15 August 2019 and composed on
24 October 2019.

The beginning of the Panel's work was delayed as a result of the lack of available experienced lawyers
in the Secretariat. Due to this and the delays caused by the global COVID -19 pandemic, the Panel
does not expect to issue its final report to the parties before the end of 2020.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 22 December 2020
Document codes: WT/DS562/11
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 21 December 2020, was received from the Chairman of the
Panel with the request that it be circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examinat ion, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU provides th at, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic
Products (DS562) was established by the DSB on 15 August 2019 and composed on
24 October 2019.

The Panel, after consultations with the parties, initially adopte d a timetable pursuant to which it
expected to issue its report to the parties by the end of 2020. However, in light of further delays in
the proceeding caused by the global COVID -19 pandemic, the Panel now expects to issue its final
report to the parties around the middle of 2021.

The report will only be available to the public once it is circulated to the Members in all three working
languages of the WTO. The date of circulation depends on completion of translation and the Panel is
not in a position to provide an estimated circulation date at this time.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS NOTIFICATION OF AN APPEAL BY CHINA UNDER ARTICLE 16 OF THE UNDERSTANDING ON RULES AND PROCEDURES GOVERNING THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES ("DSU")
Document: Report of the Panel
Date: 20 September 2021
Document codes: WT/DS562/12
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, Canada, EU, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Taiwan
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.2(b)  Safeguards

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
CRYSTALLINE SILICON PHOTOVOLTAIC PRODUCTS
NOTIFICATION OF AN APPEAL BY CHINA UNDER ARTICLE 16
OF THE UNDERSTANDING ON RULES AND PROCEDURES
GOVERNING THE SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES ("DSU")
The following communication, dated 16 September 2021 , addressed to the Chairperson of the
Dispute Settlement Body is being circulated to Members at the request of the delegation of China.

Pursuant to Article 16 of the Understandi ng on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of
Disputes (DSU), China hereby notifies the Dispute Settlement Body of its decision to appeal to the
Appellate Body certain issues of law covered in the Report of the Panel in United States – Safeguard
Measure on Imports of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Products ( and
) and legal interpretations developed by the Panel.

China regrets that currently no division of the Appellate Body can be established to hear this appeal
in accordance with Article 17.1 of the DSU. In this exceptional circumstance, and in the interests of
fairness and orderly procedure in the conduct of the appeal, China will await further instructions
from the division, when it may eventually be composed, or the Appellate Body, regarding any further
steps to be taken by China in this appeal.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 28 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS563/2
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Dispute stage: Consultation
Agreements cited: Art. III:4  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2  Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs)Art. 3.1(b), 3.2  Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 24 August 2018 , was received from the delegation of the
United States with the request that it be circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB).

On 14 August 2018, the United States received China 's letter of the same date requesting
consultations pursuant to Articles 1 and 4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures
Governing the Settlement of D isputes, Article XXII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
1994, Article 8 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures, and Articles 4 and 30 of
the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures in the dispute United States – Certain
Measures Related to Renewable Energy ().

The United States accepts the request of China to enter into consultations. We stand ready to
confer with officials from your mission on a mutually convenient date for these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from the European Union
Date: 29 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS563/3
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Dispute stage: Consultation
Agreements cited: Art. III:4  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2  Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs)Art. 3.1(b), 3.2  Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from the European Union
The following communication, dated 24 August 2018 , from the delegation of the European Union
to the delegation of the United States, and the delegation of China, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes, the European Union (the EU) hereby notifies the Government of United States, the
Government of the People's Republic of China , and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in the light
of its substantial trade interest, it desires to be joined in the consultations r equested by the
People's Republic of China in a communication circulated to the WTO Members on 16 August 2018
(, 58, , /1), entitled "United States – Certain
Measures Related to Renewable Energy".
The EU notes that the request for consultations relates to certain measures adopted and
maintained by the governments of certain U.S. states and municipalities in relation to subsidies
and/or domestic content requirements in the energy sector.
The EU is a major producer and ex porter of renewable energy products and technologies . By way
of illustration, in the case of trade of wind technology the North American market is the main
market for EU exports. In addition, with regard to solar products, the EU is a major producer and
exporter of crystalline silicon photovoltaic products to the United States , which make up only a
subset of the allegedly subsidised product sectors, with imports into the United States of around
USD220 million per year based on the average of the period 2014-2016. Therefore, the EU has a
substantial trade interest in these consultations.
The European Union looks forward to hearing a response to this request.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: request for consultations
Date: 23 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS563/4; WT/DS563/1.
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Dispute stage: Consultation
Agreements cited: Art. III:4  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2  Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs)Art. 3.1(b), 3.2  Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 22 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of the European Union , is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the
request of the United States.

The United States has received your letter of 24 August 2018, requesting to join in the consultations
requested by China as circulated in document

Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
("DSU") provides that a Member that considers it has a substantial trade interest in the consultations
shall be joined in the consultations "provided that the Member to which the request for consultations
was addressed agrees that the claim of substantial interest is well -founded." The European Union
("EU") asserts it is a major producer and exporter of renewable energy products and technologies
and refers to the value of its crystalline silicon photovoltaic products imports into the United States
as approximately $220 million a year based on the average of import amounts from 2014 -2016.
Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the DSU, the United States is accepting your request to join these
consultations, without prejudice to the question of whether the EU has demonstrated a substantial
trade interest in these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Date: 23 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS563/5
Complainant: China
Respondent: U.S.
Dispute stage: Consultation
Agreements cited: Art. III:4  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2  Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs)Art. 3.1(b), 3.2  Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM)

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY
ACCEPTANCE BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
The European Union notified the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of its desire to be joined in the
consultations requested by China, pursuant to Article 4.11 of the DSU.

The delegation of the United States informed the DSB that it had accepted the request of the
European Union to join the consultations.

ÉTATS-UNIS – CERTAINES MESURES RELATIVES
AUX ÉNERGIES RENOUVELABLES
DE PARTICIPATION AUX CONSULTATIONS
L'Union européenne a notifié à l'Organe de règlement des différends (ORD) son désir d'être admise

consultations présentée par l'Union européenne.

ESTADOS UNIDOS - DETERMINADAS MEDIDAS RELACIONADAS
CON LA ENERGÍA RENOVABLE
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 28 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/2
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 24 August 2018 , was received from the delegation of the
United States with the request that it be circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB).

On 15 August 2018, the United States received Turkey 's letter of the same date requesting
consultations pursuant to Article 4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the
Settlement of Disputes ("DSU"), Article XXII of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994
("GATT 1994"), and Article 14 of the Agreement on Safeguards.

Turkey's request concerns tariffs on imports of steel and aluminum articles imposed by the
President of the United States pursuant to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962
("Section 232 "). The President determined that tariffs were necessary to adjust t he imports of
steel and aluminum articles that threaten to impair the national security of the United States.
Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible to review or capable of resolution
by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the authority to determine for itself
those matters that it considers necessary to the protection of its essential security interests, as is
reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.
Turkey's request purports to be pursuant to Article 14 of the Agreement on Safeguards. However,
the tariffs imposed pursuant to Section 232 are not safeguard measures but rather tariffs on
imports of steel and aluminum articles that threaten to impair the national security of the United
States. The United States did not take action pursuant Section 201 of the Trade Act of 1974,
which is the law under which the United States imposes safeguard measures. Therefore, there is
no basis to consult pursuant to the Agreement on Safeguards with respect to tariffs imposed under
Section 232.

Without prejudice to the US view that the tariffs imposed pursuant to Section 232 are issues of
national security not susceptible to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement, and
that the consultations provision in the Agreement on Safeguards is not applicable, the United
States accepts the request of Turkey to enter into consultations.

We stand ready to confer with officials from your mission on a mutually convenient date for these
consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from the European Union
Date: 29 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/3
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from the European Union
The following communication, dated 24 August 2018 , from the delegation of the European Union
to the delegation of the United States, and the delegation of Turkey, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Dispu tes (DSU), the European Union (the EU) hereby notifies the Government of the United
States, the Government of Turkey, and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in the light of its
substantial trade interest, it desires to be joined in the consultations request ed by Turkey in a
communication circulated to WTO Members on 20 August 2018 (, ,
), entitled "United States – Certain measures on steel and aluminium products".
The EU notes that the request for consultations relates to measures applied by the United States
to certain imports of steel and aluminium products inter alia from Turkey. In 2017, the EU has
been exporting to the United States steel products of the types covered by the measures of a total
value of EUR 5.30 billion or USD 5.99 billion, and aluminium products of the types covered by the
measures of a total value of EUR 1.11 billion or USD 1.25 billion, making the EU the first and fifth
exporter to the United States of stee l and aluminium, respectively. EU exports are also c overed
and impaired significantly by the Un ited States measures at issue. Therefore, the United States'
measures have a substantial impact on the sale and exportation of EU steel and aluminium
products covered by the United States' measures, giving the EU a substantial trade interest in
these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Thailand
Date: 31 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/5
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Thailand
The following communication, dated 30 August 2018 , from the delegation of Thailand to the
delegation of the United States , and the delegation of Turkey, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

My authorities have instructed me to notify the consulting Members and the Dispute Settlement
Body of Thailand 's desire, p ursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures
Governing the Settlement of Disputes, to be joined in the consultations requested by Turkey in a
communication circulated to WTO Members on 20 August 2018, in document entitled
United States – Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products.
Thailand has a substantial trade interest in these consultations. In 2017, Thailand exported
USD 305.35 million of steel products and USD 30.38 million of aluminum products
to the United States, which is the first and the sixth largest export market of Thailand 's steel and
aluminum products respectively. The measures at issue identified in the request for consultations
may substantially affect Thailand 's sales and exports of these products . As a result of this
substantial trade interest, Thailand respectfully requests that it be permitted to join the
consultations in this dispute.
Thailand looks forward to acceptance of this request and advice regarding the date and venue of
the consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from China
Date: 31 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/6
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from China
The following communication, dated 30 August 2018 , from the delegation of China to the
delegation of the United States , and the delegation of Turkey, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), China hereby notifies the Government of the United States, the Government of
Turkey, and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in light of its substantial trade interest, it desires to
be joined in the consultations requested by Turkey in a communication entitled United States –
Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products () circulated to WTO Members on
20 August, 2018.

China has a substantial trade interest in the consultations , as the measures of the United States
identified in the aforesaid communication from Turkey have a substantial impact on the
exportation of the steel and aluminum products of China covered by the measures. China's exports
of steel to the United States are significant, as per the data in the r eport published by the US
Department of Commerce on 11 January 2018, entitled The Effect of Imports of Ste el on the
National Security, An Investigation Conducted Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act,
1962, As Amended (Figure 2, page 28). China's exports of aluminum to the United States are also
significant as per the data published by the US Department of Commerce, on 1 7 January 2018, in
their report entitled The Effect of Imports of Aluminum on the National Security, An Investigation
Conducted Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, 1962, As Amended (Table 17, page 65).

China looks forward to receiving your reply and advice of the date and venue of the consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Canada
Date: 31 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/7
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Canada
The following communication, dated 30 August 2018 , from the delegation of Canada to the
delegation of the United States , and the delegation of Turkey, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), the Gove rnment of Canada hereby notifies its request to join the consultations
requested by Turkey pursuant to Articles 1 and 4 of the DSU, Article XXII of the General
Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and Article 14 of the Agreement on Safegu ards with respect
to the United States' measures that impose additional import duties on certain steel and aluminum
products. The request of Turkey, which was circulated to Members on 20 August 2018, is set out in
document , ,

Canada is the lar gest exporter of steel and aluminum products to the United States. In 2017,
Canada exported $7.2 billion of steel products and $9.4 billion of aluminum products to the United
States. Therefore, Canada has a substantial trade interest in these consultation s. In particular, the
measures at issue in this dispute will significantly impact Canada 's exporters of steel and
aluminum by hindering their ability to access their largest export market. Canada filed its own
request for consultations with the United Stat es with regard to these additional import duties on 1
June 2018 (, , ).

Based on the foregoing, Canada respectfully requests that it be permitted to join the consultations
in this dispute.

A copy of this letter is being sent t o the Chairman of the Dispute Settlement Body, with a request
that it be circulated to Members.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Mexico
Date: 31 August 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/8
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Mexico
The following communication, dated 30 August 2018, from the delegation of Mexico to the
delegation of the United States, and the delegation of Turkey, is circulated to the
Dispute Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

I have been instructed by my authorities to inform you that Mexico has a substantial trade interest
in the request for consultations by Turkey in United States – Certain Measures on Steel and
Aluminium Products (DS564).1

Mexico has a systemic interest in participating in the consultations, in vi ew of their very purpose,
the covered agreements involved, and also because it is one of main exporters of such products to
the United States.

In 2017, Mexico exported to the United States steel products subject to the measure with a total
value of US$2,5 09.3 million and aluminium products subject to th e measure with a total value
of US$262.2 million, and Mexico is one of the main exporters to the United States of products in
both sectors. For the above reasons, the measures at issue complained of by Turkey also apply to
certain imports of steel and aluminium products from Mexico.

Accordingly, Mexico hereby notifies its wish to be joined in the above -mentioned consultations,
owing to its substantial trade interest therein, pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on
Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes.

I therefore look forward to receiving confirmation of acceptance of this request, as well as advice
regarding the date and venue for these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/9; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of Canada, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the request
of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 30 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey, as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the protection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that Canada's claim of a substantial trade interest in these
consultations is well-founded. The United States is declining your request to join these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/10; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of C hina, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the request
of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 30 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the protection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that China's claim of a substantial trade interest in these
consultations is well-founded. The United States is declining your request to join these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/11; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of the European Union , is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the
request of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 24 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey, as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the prot ection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that the European Union's claim of a substantial trade interest
in these consultations is well -founded. The United States is declining your request to join these
consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/12; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of Mexico, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the request
of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 30 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey, as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the protection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that Mexico 's claim of a substantial trade interest in these
consultations is well-founded. The United States is declining your request to join these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/13; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of the Russian Federation, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the
request of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 29 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey, as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the prot ection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that Russia's claim of a substantial trade interest in these
consultations is well-founded. The United States is declining your request to join these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 15 October 2018
Document codes: WT/DS564/14; WT/DS564/1.
Complainant: Turkey
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Panel
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), X:3(a), XI:1, XIII:1, XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 8.1, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XIX:2  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES
The following communication, dated 11 October 2018, from the delegation of the United States to
the delegation of Thailand, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) at the request
of the United States.

The United States has received your letter dated 30 August 2018, requesting to join in the
consultations requested by Turkey, as circulated in document

Turkey's request concerns an action that the United States considers necessary for the protection of
its essential security interests, taken by the President of the United States pursuant to Section 232
of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Issues of national security are political matters not susceptible
to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement. Every Member of the WTO retains the
authority to determine for itself those matters that it considers necessary to the protection of its
essential security interests, as is reflected in the text of Article XXI of the GATT 1994.

The United States does not consider that Thailand's claim of a substantial trade interest in these
consultations is well-founded. The United States is declining your request to join these consultations.