dean22029/WTO_Docs huggingface dataset:
UNITED STATES - SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS JOINT REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES FOR A DECISION BY THE DSB
Document: REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES FOR A DECISION
Date: 23 September 2022
Document codes: WT/DS546/10
Complainant: South Korea
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, China, EU, Egypt, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 1, 3.1, 2.1, 4.1(c), 4.2, 4.1, 4.2(a), 4.2(b), 3.2, 4.2(c), 5.1, 7.4, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. II:1  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES - SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS
JOINT REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES
FOR A DECISION BY THE DSB
The following communication, dated 22 September 2022 , from the delegation of the Republic of
Korea and the delegation of the United States to the Chairperson of the Dispute Settlement Body
(DSB), is circulated at the request of those delegations.

The Republic of Korea and the United State s of America would like to request that the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB) adopt the draft decision attached to this letter with respect to the dispute
United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers (DS546) at a meeting
of the DSB to be held on 5 October 2022. We consider that the draft DSB decision, if adopted, would
facilitate the resolution of the dispute.

We respectfully request that you circulate this request to Members of the DSB.

Draft decision of the DSB:

The DSB agrees that, upon a request by the Republic of Korea or the United States of America, the
DSB shall no later than 20 December 2022 adopt the report of the panel in the dispute United States
– Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers (DS546) unless (i) the DSB decides
by consensus not to do so or (ii) either party to the dispute notifies the DSB of its decision to appeal
pursuant to Article 16.4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of
Disputes.
UNITED STATES - SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS JOINT REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES FOR A DECISION BY THE DSB
Document: REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES FOR A DECISION
Date: 9 December 2022
Document codes: WT/DS546/11
Complainant: South Korea
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, China, EU, Egypt, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 1, 3.1, 2.1, 4.1(c), 4.2, 4.1, 4.2(a), 4.2(b), 3.2, 4.2(c), 5.1, 7.4, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. II:1  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES - SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS
JOINT REQUEST BY THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE UNITED STATES
FOR A DECISION BY THE DSB
The following communication, dated 8 December 2022, from the delegation of the Republic of Korea
and the delegation of the United States to the Chairperson of the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB),
is circulated at the request of those delegations.

The Republic of Korea and the United State s of America would like to request that the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB) adopt the draft decision attached to this letter with respect to the dispute
United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers (DS546) at the meeting
of the DSB scheduled for 20 December 2022. We consider that the draft DSB decision, if adopted,
would facilitate the resolution of the dispute.
We respectfully request that you circulate this request to Members of the DSB.

Draft decision of the DSB:

The DSB agrees that, upon a request by the Republic of Korea or the United States of America, the
DSB shall no later than 27 February 2023 adopt the report of the panel in the dispute
United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers (DS546) unless (i) the
DSB decides by consensus not to do so or (ii) either party to the dispute notifies the DSB of its
decision to appeal pursuant to Article 16.4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing
the Settlement of Disputes.
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS PANEL REPORT
Document: Action by the Dispute Settlement Body
Date: 1 May 2023
Document codes: WT/DS546/12; WT/DS546/R; WT/DS546/R/Add.1; WT/DS546/R
Complainant: South Korea
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, China, EU, Egypt, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 1, 3.1, 2.1, 4.1(c), 4.2, 4.1, 4.2(a), 4.2(b), 3.2, 4.2(c), 5.1, 7.4, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. II:1  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS
PANEL REPORT
Action by the Dispute Settlement Body
At its meeting on 28 April 2023 , the Dispute Settlement Body adopted the Panel report on
United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers ( and

ÉTATS-UNIS – MESURE DE SAUVEGARDE VISANT LES IMPORTATIONS
DE GROS LAVE-LINGE À USAGE DOMESTIQUE
RAPPORT DU GROUPE SPÉCIAL
spécial États-Unis – Mesure de sauvegarde visant les importations de gros lave -linge à usage
domestique ( et ).

DE LAVADORAS DE GRAN CAPACIDAD PARA USO DOMÉSTICO
INFORME DEL GRUPO ESPECIAL
Actuación del Órgano de Solución de Diferencias
En su reunión de 28 de abril de 2023, el Órgano de Solución de Diferencias adoptó el informe del
lavadoras de gran capacidad para uso doméstico ( y ).
UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS NOTIFICATION OF A MUTUALLY AGREED SOLUTION
Document: NOTIFICATION OF A MUTUALLY AGREED SOLUTION
Date: 1 May 2023
Document codes: WT/DS546/13
Complainant: South Korea
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Brazil, China, EU, Egypt, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1  GATT 1994Art. 1, 3.1, 2.1, 4.1(c), 4.2, 4.1, 4.2(a), 4.2(b), 3.2, 4.2(c), 5.1, 7.4, 7.1, 8.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. II:1  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – SAFEGUARD MEASURE ON IMPORTS OF
LARGE RESIDENTIAL WASHERS
NOTIFICATION OF A MUTUALLY AGREED SOLUTION
The following communication, dated 28 April 2023, from the delegation of the United States and the
delegation of the Republic of Korea to the Chairperson of the Dispute Settlement Body, is circulated
pursuant to Article 3.6 of the DSU.

The Governments of the United States of America and the Republic of Korea write in regard t o the
dispute United States – Safeguard Measure on Imports of Large Residential Washers (DS546). The
United States and Korea are pleased to notify the DSB, in accordance with Article 3.6 of the
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes ("DSU"), that the
parties have reached a mutually agreed solution in this dispute. This mutually agreed solution builds
on the close collaboration and engagement between the United States and Korea, as reflected in the
joint statement delivered to the Dispute Settlement Body on April 28, 2023.

We ask you to circulate this notification to the DSB and the relevant Councils and Committees.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from China
Date: 4 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS547/2
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from China
The following communication, dated 31 May 2018, from the delegation of China to the delegation
of the United States , and the delegation of India, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement Body in
accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), China hereby notifies the Government of the United States, the Government of
India, and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in light of its substantial trade interest, it desires to
be joined in the consultations requested by India in a communication entitled United States –
Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products () circulated to WTO Members on
23 May 2018.

China has a substantial trade interest in the consultations , as the measures of the United States
identified in the aforesaid communication from India have a substantial impact on the exportation
of the steel and aluminum products of China covered by the measures . China’s exports of steel to
the United States are significant, as per the data in the re port published by the US Department of
Commerce on 11 January 2018, entitled The Effect of Imports of Steel on the National Security, An
Investigation Conducted Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, 1962, As Amended
(Figure 2, page 28). China’s exports of aluminum to the United States are also significant as per
the data published by the US Department of Commerce, on 1 7 January 2018, in their report
entitled The Effect of Imports of Aluminum on the National Security, An Investigation Conducted
Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, 1962, As Amended (Table 17, page 65).

China looks forward to receiving your reply and advice of the date and venue of the consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from the European Union
Date: 4 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS547/4
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from the European Union
The following communication, dated 1 June 2018 , from the delegation of the European Union to
the delegation of the United States, and the delegation of India, is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU ), the European Union (the EU) hereby notifies the Government of the United
States, the Government of India, and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in the light of its
substantial trade interest, it desires to be joined in the consultations requested by Ind ia in a
communication circulated to WTO Members on 23 May 2018 (; ), entitled
"United States – Certain measures on steel and aluminium products".
The EU notes that the request for consultations relates to measures applied by the United States
since 23 March 2018 on certain imports of steel and aluminium products from all countries of the
world, except a number of WTO Members. In 2017, the EU has been exporting to the United
States steel products of the types covered by the measures of a total value of EUR 5.30 billion or
USD 5.99 billion, and aluminium products of the types covered by the measures of a total value of
EUR 1.11 billion or USD 1.25 billion, making the EU the first and fifth exporter to the United States
of steel and aluminiu m, respectively. Should the exclusion not continue to be in place, then the
EU's exports would be impaired significantly by the United States measures. Therefore, the United
States' measures have a substantial impact on the sale and exportation of EU stee l and aluminium
products covered by the United States' measures, giving the EU a substantial trade interest in
these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Thailand
Date: 5 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS547/5
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Thailand
The following communication, dated 1 June 2018 , from the delegation of Thailand to the
delegation of the United States, and the delegation of India, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement
Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

My authorities have instructed me to notify the consulting Members and the Dispute Settlement
Body of Thailand's desire, pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures
Governing the Settlement of Disputes, to be joined in the consultations requested by India in a
communication circulated to WTO Members on 23 May 2018, in document entitled
United States – Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products.
Thailand has a substantial trade interest in these consultations. In 2017, Thailand exported
USD 305.35 million of steel products and USD 30.38 million of aluminum products to the United
States, which is the first and the sixth largest export market of Thailand 's steel and aluminum
products respectively. The measures at issue identified in the request for consultations may
substantially affect Thailand 's sales and exports of these products . As a result of this substantial
trade interest, Thailand respectfully requests that it be permitted to join the consultations in this
dispute.
Thailand looks forward to acceptance of this request and advice regarding the date and venue of
the consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Hong Kong, China
Date: 5 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS547/6
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Hong Kong, China
The following communication, dated 4 June 2018, from the delegation of Hong Kong, China to the
delegation of the United States, and the delegation of India, is circulated to the Dispute Settlement
Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), Hong Kong, China hereby notifies the United States and the Dispute Settlement
Body of Hong Kong, China's desire, in light of our substantial trade interest, to join the
consultations requested by India in a communication circulated to WTO Members on 23 May 2018
(; ; ) entitled " United States – Certain Measures on Steel and
Aluminium Products".

Hong Kong, China has a substantial trade interest in the consultations as the tariff measures
identified in the aforesaid communicatio n from India (; ; ),
which are inconsistent with the obligations of the United States under, inter alia , the
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 , are applicable to the products involved from
Hong Kong, China to the United States. In view of the systemic implications of the above unilateral
and WTO -inconsistent measures for the multilateral trading syste m and international trade,
Hong Kong, China also has a systemic interest in the correct application and interpretation of the
relevant provisions of the Agreement Establishing the (including
its Annexes).

As a result of the above substantial trade interest and systemic interest, Hong Kong, China
requests to join the consultations and be advised rega rding the date and venue of the
consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF INDIA NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
Document: NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
Date: 28 January 2019
Document codes: WT/DS547/9; WT/DS547/8; WT/DS547/8
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF INDIA
NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
1. At its meeting on 4 December 2018, the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) established a panel
pursuant to the request of India in document , in accordance with Article 6 of the
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU).

2. The Panel's terms of reference are the following:

To examine, in the light of the relevant provisions of the covered agreements cited by
the parties to the dispute, the matter referred to the DSB by India in document
 and to make such findings as will assist the DSB in making the
recommendations or in giving the rulings provided for in those agreements.
3. On 7 January 2019, India requested the Director-General to determine the composition of the
panel, pursuant to Article 8.7 of the DSU. This paragraph provides:

If there is no agreement on the panelists within 20 days after the date of the
establishment of a panel, at the request of either party, the Director -General, in
consultation with the Chairman of the DSB and the Chairman of the relevant Council or
Committee, shall determine the composition of the panel by appointing the panelists
whom the Director-General considers most appropriate in accordance with any relevant
special or additional rules or procedures of the covered agreement or covered
agreements which are at issue in the dispute, after consulting with the parties to the
dispute. The Chairman of the DSB shall inform the Members of the composition of the
panel thus formed no later than 10 days after the date the Ch airman receives such a
request.
4. On 25 January 2019, the Director-General accordingly composed the Panel as follows:

 Chairperson: Mr Elbio Rosselli

Members: Mr Esteban B. Conejos, Jr
 Mr Rodrigo Valenzuela

5. The Kingdom of Bahrain; Brazil; Canada; China; Colombia; Egypt; the European Union; Hong
Kong, China; Iceland; Indonesia; Japan; Kazakhstan; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Norway;
Qatar; Russian Federation; the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ; Singapore; Switzerland; Chinese Taipei;
Thailand; Turkey; Ukraine; the United Arab Emirates; and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela have
reserved their rights to participate in the Panel proceedings as third parties.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF INDIA NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
Document: NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
Date: 2 May 2019
Document codes: WT/DS547/9/Rev.1; WT/DS547/8; WT/DS547/8
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
CONSTITUTION OF THE PANEL ESTABLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF INDIA
NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
Revision
1. At its meeting on 4 December 2018, the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) established a panel
pursuant to the request of India in document , in accordance with Article 6 of the
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU).

2. The Panel's terms of reference are the following:

To examine, in the light of the relevant provisions of the covered agreements cited by
the parties to the dispute, the matter referred to the DSB by India in document
 and to make such findings as will assist the DSB in making the
recommendations or in giving the rulings provided for in those agreements.
3. On 7 January 2019, India requested the Director-General to determine the composition of the
panel, pursuant to Article 8.7 of the DSU. This paragraph provides:

If there is no agreement on the pan elists within 20 days after the date of the
establishment of a panel, at the request of either party, the Director -General, in
consultation with the Chairman of the DSB and the Chairman of the relevant Council or
Committee, shall determine the composition of the panel by appointing the panelists
whom the Director-General considers most appropriate in accordance with any relevant
special or additional rules or procedures of the covered agreement or covered
agreements which are at issue in the dispute, after consulting with the parties to the
dispute. The Chairman of the DSB shall inform the Members of the composition of the
panel thus formed no later than 10 days after the date the Ch airman receives such a
request.
4. On 25 January 2019, the Director-General accordingly composed the Panel as follows:

 Chairperson: Mr Elbio Rosselli

Members: Mr Esteban B. Conejos, Jr
 Mr Rodrigo Valenzuela

5. The Kingdom of Bahrain ; Brazil; Canada; China; Colombia; Egypt; the European Union;
Guatemala1; Hong Kong, China; Iceland; Indonesia; Japan; Kazakhstan; Malaysia; Mexico; New
Zealand; Norway; Qatar; Russian Federation; the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Singapore; Switzerland;
Chinese Taipei; Thailand; Turkey; Ukraine; the United Arab Emirates ; and the Bolivarian Republic
of Venezuela have reserved their rights to participate in the Panel proceedings as third parties.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 10 September 2019
Document codes: WT/DS547/10
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 4 September 2019, addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU provides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products ( India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.

Due to the complexity of the issues before the Panel and the fact that the same three persons have
been appointed to serve as panelists in multiple proceedings , the Panel expects t o issue its final
report to the parties no earlier than autumn 2020.

The report will be available to the public once it is circulated to the Members in all three working
languages of the WTO. The date of circulation depends on completion of translation and the Panel is
not in a position to provide an estimated circulation date at this time.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 8 February 2021
Document codes: WT/DS547/11
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 4 February 2021, addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU pro vides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products (India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.

On 4 September 2019, the Panel informed the DSB that it expected to issue its final report to the
parties no earlier than autumn 2020. However, due to the delays caused by the global COVID -19
pandemic, the Panel now expects to issue its final report to the parties no earlier than the second
half of 2021.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 10 December 2021
Document codes: WT/DS547/12
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 9 December 2021, addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.
Article 12.9 of the DSU prov ides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.
The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products (India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.
On 4 February 2021, the Panel informed the DSB that it expected to issue its final report to the
parties no earlier than the second half of 2021. Due to the complexity of the dispute, as well as the
delays caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Panel now expects to issue its final report to
the parties no earlier than the first half of 2022.
I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 4 July 2022
Document codes: WT/DS547/13
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 30 June 2022 , addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU pro vides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products ( India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.

On 9 December 2021, the Panel informed the DSB that it expected to issue its final report to the
parties no earlier than the first half of 2022. Due to the complexity of the dispute, the Panel now
expects to issue its final report to the parties no earlier than the last quarter of 2022.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 25 January 2023
Document codes: WT/DS547/14
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
The following communication, dated 30 June 2022 , addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shall conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU pro vides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products ( India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.

On 9 December 2021, the Panel informed the DSB that it expected to issue its final report to the
parties no earlier than the first half of 2022. Due to the complexity of the dispute, the Panel now
expects to issue its final report to the parties no earlier than the last quarter of 2022.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Document: COMMUNICATION FROM
Date: 26 January 2023
Document codes: WT/DS547/14/Rev.1
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
COMMUNICATION FROM THE PANEL
Revision
The following communication, dated 24 January 2023, addressed to the Chairperson of the Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB), is circulated in accordance with Article 12.9 of the Dispute Settlement
Understanding (DSU).

Article 12.8 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
(DSU) provides that the period in which a panel shal l conduct its examination, from the date that
the composition and terms of reference of the panel have been agreed upon until the date the final
report is issued to the parties to the dispute, shall, as a general rule, not exceed six months.

Article 12.9 of the DSU provides that, when a panel considers that it cannot issue its report within
six months, it shall inform the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) in writing accordingly and indicate
the reasons, together with an estimate of the period within which it will issue its report.

The Panel in US – Steel and Aluminium Products (India) (DS547) was established by the DSB on
4 December 2018 and composed on 25 January 2019.

On 30 June 2022, the Panel informed the DSB that it expected to issue its final report to the parties
no earlier than the last quarter of 2022. The Panel is in ongoing consultations with the parties
regarding this dispute and does not expect to issue its final report to the parties before the third
quarter of 2023.

I would be grateful if you would circulate this letter to the DSB.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS NOTIFICATION OF A MUTUALLY AGREED SOLUTION
Document: report of the panel
Date: 18 July 2023
Document codes: WT/DS547/15; G/L/1238/Add.1; G/SG/D53/1/Add.1
Complainant: India
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, EU, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a)  SafeguardsArt. XIX, XI:1  GATT 1994Art. 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3  GATT 1994

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
NOTIFICATION OF A MUTUALLY AGREED SOLUTION
The following communication, dated 13 July 2023, from the delegation of India and the delegation
of the United States to the Chairperson of the Dispute Settlement Body, is circulated pursuant to
Article 3.6 of the DSU.

India and the United States write in regard to the dispute United States – Certain Measures on Steel
and Aluminum Products (DS547). India and the United States are pleased to notify the DSB, in
accordance with Article 3.6 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), that the parties have reached a mutually agreed solution to the matter raised in
this dispute.
In accordance with Article 12.7 of the DSU, the parties understand that the report of the panel shall
be confined to a brief description of the case and to reporting that a solution has been reached. The
parties are providing a copy of this notice directly to the panel in this dispute.
We ask you to circulate this notification to the DSB and the relevant Councils and Committees.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Japan
Date: 11 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS548/2
Complainant: EU
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3(a), XI:1, XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XVI:4  Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Japan
The following communication, dated 8 June 2018 , from the delegation of Japan to the delegation
of the United States , and the delegation of the European Union , is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

I wish to refer to the consultations requested by the European Union pursuant to Article 1 and
Article 4 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes
("DSU”), Article XXII:1 of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 and Article 14 of the
Agreement on Safeguards in the communication circulated to WTO Members on 6 June 2018,
entitled "United States －Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminum Products" (,
, ). My authorities have instructed me to notify the consulting Members and
the Dispute Settlement Body of the desire of Japan to be joined in these consultations, pursuant to
Article 4.11 of the DSU.

The measure s at issue are the import adjustments on certain steel and aluminium products,
including additional import duties. Japan notes that the additional import duties in question, which
took effect on 23 March 2018 also apply to certain imports of steel and alum inium products from
Japan. Japan is a major producer and exporter of steel and aluminium products and in fiscal year
2017 its export to the United States amounted to 1,659,281,106 US dollars for steel products and
251,227,373 US dollars for aluminium produ cts respectively. Therefore, as one of the major steel
and aluminium exporters to the United States, Japan has a substantial trade i nterest in these
consultations.

Japan looks forward to receiving confirmation of acceptance of this request as well as bein g
informed of the date and venue of these consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from China
Date: 15 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS548/3
Complainant: EU
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3(a), XI:1, XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XVI:4  Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from China
The following communication, dated 13 June 2018, from the delegation of China to the delegation
of the United States , and the delegation of the European Union , is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), China hereby notifies the Government of the United States, the European
Union, and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in light of its substantial trade interest, it desires to
be joined in the consultations requested by the European Union in a communication entitled United
States – Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products () circulated to
WTO Members on 6 June 2018.

China has a substantial trade interest in the consultations, as the measures of the United States
identified in the aforesaid communication from the European Union have a substantial impact on
the exportation of the steel and aluminum products of China covered by the measures. China 's
exports of steel to the United States are significant, as per the data in the r eport published by the
US Department of Commerce on 11 January 2018, entitled The Effect of Imports of Steel on the
National Security, An Investigation Conducted Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act,
1962, As Amended (Figure 2, page 28). China's exports of aluminum to the United States are also
significant as per the data published by the US Department of Commerce, on 17 January 2018, in
their report entitled The Effect of Imports of Aluminum on the National Security, An Investigation
Conducted Under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act, 1962, As Amended (Table 17, page 65).

China looks forward to receiving your reply and advice of the date and venue of the consultations.
UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Document: Communication from Turkey
Date: 19 June 2018
Document codes: WT/DS548/4
Complainant: EU
Respondent: U.S.
Third parties: Bahrain, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Egypt, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kazakhstan, New Zealand, Malaysia, Mexico, Norway, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, Venezuela
Dispute stage: Mutually Agreed Solution
Agreements cited: Art. I:1, II:1(a), II:1(b), X:3(a), XI:1, XIX:1, XIX:2  GATT 1994Art. 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7, 9.1, 11.1(a), 11.1(b), 12.1, 12.2, 12.3  SafeguardsArt. XVI:4  Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization

UNITED STATES – CERTAIN MEASURES ON STEEL AND ALUMINIUM PRODUCTS
REQUEST TO JOIN CONSULTATIONS
Communication from Turkey
The following communication, dated 14 June 2018, from the delegation of Turkey to the delegation
of the United States , and the delegation of the European Union , is circulated to the Dispute
Settlement Body in accordance with Article 4.11 of the DSU.

Pursuant to Article 4.11 of the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement
of Disputes (DSU), the Republic of Turkey (Turkey) hereby notifi es the Government of the
United States, the European Union and the Dispute Settlement Body that, in light of its substantial
trade interest, Turkey desires to be joined in the consultations requested by the European Union in
a communication circulated to WTO Members on 6 June 2018 (; ,
) entitled "United States – Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products".
Turkey notes that the request for consultations relates t o measures applied by the United States
on certain imports of steel and aluminium products from nearly all WTO members, including
Turkey.
In 2017, Turkey has exported to the United States, steel products of the types covered by the
measures of a total value of USD 1,04 billion, and aluminium products of the types covered by the
measures of a total value of USD 59,17 million, making the United States the number one and
tenth export market for Turkey. The United States' share in Turkey's exports of the said p roducts
in 2017 was 11,4 percent and 3 percent for steel and aluminium, respectively. Therefore, the
measure at issue presents a significant trade barrier for Turkey 's exports of the said products to
the United States and has a substantial impact on the sa le and exportation of Turkey 's steel and
aluminium products, giving Turkey a substantial trade interest in these consultations.
As a result of this substantial trade interest, Turkey respectfully requests that it be permitted to
join the consultations in this dispute.
Turkey looks forward to receiving your reply.