P6_TA(2006)0223
Natural disasters —regional development aspects
European Parliament resolution on natural disasters (fires, droughts and floods) —regional develop-
ment aspects (2005/2193(INI))
The European Parliament,
—having regard to the Commission communication on reinforcing EU disaster and crisis response in third
countries (COM(2005)0153),
—having regard to its resolution of 16 November 2005 entitled “Winning the Battle Against Global Cli-
mate Change” (1),
—having regard to the Commission communication on improving the Community civil protection mecha-
nism (COM(2005)0137),
—having regard to the Commission proposal for a Council decision establishing a Community civil protec-
tion mechanism (recast), (COM(2006)0029),
—having regard to the Commission communication on flood risk management —flood prevention, pro-
tection and mitigation (COM(2004)0472),
—having regard to the Commission proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council
on the assessment and management of floods (COM(2006)0015),
—having regard to the Commission proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Coun-
cil establishing the European Union Solidarity Fund (COM(2005)0108),
—having regard to Articles 2 and 6 of the EC Treaty, according to which environmental protection require-
ments must be integrated into the other Community policies, with a view to promoting economic deve-
lopment that is environmentally sustainable,
—having regard to the scientific report of the Institute for Environment and Sustainability of the Commis-
sion's Joint Research Centre on climate change and the European water dimension (2),
—having regard to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of
11 December 1997 and its ratification by the European Community on 25 April 2002,
—having regard to Regulation (EC) No 2152/2003 of the European Parliament and the Council of
17 November 2003 concerning monitoring of forests and environmental interactions in the Community(Forest Focus) (
3),
—having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 of 20 September 2005 on support for rural
development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) (4),
—having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1260/1999 of 21 June 1999 laying down general provi-
sions on the Structural Funds (5),
—having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No 1164/94 of 16 May 1994 establishing a Cohesion Fund (6),
as amended by Council Regulations (EC) No 1264/1999 (7) and (EC) No 1265/1999 (8),
—having regard to Regulation (EC) No 1784/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of
12 July 1999 on the European Social Fund (9),7.12.2006 369 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
(1) Texts Adopted, P6_TA(2005)0433.
(2) http://ies.jrc.cec.eu.int/fileadmin/Documentation/Reports/Inland_and_Marine_Waters/Pubs/Climate_Change_and_t-
he_European_Water_Dimension_2005.pdf.
(3) OJ L 324, 11.12.2003, p. 1.
(4) OJ L 277, 21.10.2005, p. 1.
(5) OJ L 161, 26.6.1999, p. 1.
(6) OJ L 130, 25.5.1994, p. 1.
(7) OJ L 161, 26.6.1999, p. 57.
(8) OJ L 161, 26.6.1999, p. 62.
(9) OJ L 213, 13.8.1999, p. 5.
—having regard to the Commission communication on a European Union strategy for the forestry sector
(COM(1998)0649),
—having regard to the Commission proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Coun-
cil concerning the financial instrument for the environment (LIFE +), (COM(2004)0621),
—having regard to its resolution of 8 September 2005 on the natural disasters (fires and floods) of the
summer of 2005 in Europe (1),
—having regard to Rule 45 of its Rules of Procedure,
—having regard to the report of the Committee on Regional Development (A6-0147/2006),
A. whereas natural disasters in the European Union have caused the deaths of 65 000 people since 1980
and have cost 124,2 billion Euro, according to UN figures,
B. whereas the torrential rain in August 2005 caused the most serious floods in Europe since 2002 and
caused the death of 70 people,
C. whereas fires once again destroyed thousands of hectares of forest in 2005 and, what is more serious,
cost the lives of more than 30 civilians and firemen, and the extraordinary drought has contributed andcontinues to contribute to the worsening of this phenomenon, which has become an annual scourge forthe regions and countries affected,
D. whereas the fires have resulted in major personal tragedies involving in particular the destruction of
houses and agricultural property and the loss of hundreds of animals,
E. whereas the drought in 2005 was of exceptional intensity and duration, especially in the south and west
of Europe, and severely affected practically the whole of Portugal and wide areas of Spain, France andItaly,
F. whereas natural disasters have catastrophic short and long-term effects on the economy of the regions,
especially in less prosperous areas concerned by the convergence objective or ones affected by naturalconstraints, with damaging repercussions for infrastructure, economic potential, employment, the natu-ral and cultural heritage, the environment and tourism, all of which has an adverse effect on social andeconomic cohesion,
G. whereas droughts and persistent fires are speeding up the process of desertification of large areas of
southern Europe, especially in Mediterranean forested areas and in extensive woodlands comprising asingle, non-native species which is highly vulnerable to fire, seriously threatening the quality of life ofthe populations affected, depriving them of the water required for basic survival needs and resulting inthe loss of all crops and hence in speculation in the price of animal feed,
H. whereas natural disasters occur when an extreme weather situation hits a vulnerable area and, therefore,
it is necessary to diminish the sensitivity of these regions, bearing in mind that extreme climatic pheno-
mena are becoming increasingly frequent,
I. whereas there must be perfect dovetailing between all the synergies created under the European Neigh-
bourhood Policy —in particular with the Euro-Med Partnership countries, which are in a similar situa-
tion,
J. whereas, because of their geographical position, the outermost regions are exposed to specific and severe
risks of natural disasters, in particular cyclones, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions or even tsunamis,
K. whereas certain factors linked to human activity may aggravate the impact of natural disasters, such as
intensive farming, involving the traditional use of fire as a farming tool, deforestation, the massive reduc-tion in the natural flood retention capacity of river basins and intensive urbanisation in areas at risk and
also the invasion of mountain areas by city dwellers in pursuit of leisure activities,7.12.2006 370 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
(1)Texts Adopted, P6_TA(2005)0334.
L. whereas droughts decisively contribute to the spread of fires, which is the main cause of the deteriora-
tion of Europe's forests,
M. whereas the common agricultural policy as successively reformed has promoted the concentration of
production which has contributed to the steady desertification of rural areas and the abandonment of
farming, thereby increasing the risk of forest fires and aggravating the consequences of drought,
N. whereas the phenomenon of forest fires is also aggravated by the progressive abandonment of the coun-
tryside and of farming and its traditional activities, inadequate forest maintenance, the existence of largeexpanses of forest consisting of one single tree species, the planting of unsuitable tree varieties and theabsence of a proper prevention policy with adequate instruments and funding at Community level andinadequately severe penalties in the case of fires started deliberately,
O. whereas the European Union needs to acknowledge the specific nature of natural disasters occurring in
the Mediterranean such as droughts and fires and to adapt its prevention, research, risk-management,
civil-defence and solidarity tools,
P. whereas Europe should step up measures to adjust to climate change, something which requires effort
on the part of local, regional, national and European authorities, but also on the part of the populationand of the industrial and transport sectors,
Q. whereas the European Union's prevention measures to tackle all types of natural disaster need to be
enhanced by establishing, where necessary, joint strategic guidelines to ensure better coordination bet-ween the Member States, as well as greater operability of and coordination between the various Commu-nity instruments (Structural Funds, the future European Union Solidarity Fund (EUSF), the European
Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD), the future financial instrument for the environment
(LIFE +) and the future rapid response and preparedness instrument for major emergencies),
R. whereas there are still shortcomings in the Community's involvement, which are aggravated by the diver-
sity and the differing levels of development found in the arrangements made by the individual MemberStates for combating natural disasters,
S. whereas the Structural Funds should play a more substantial role in funding measures designed to pre-
vent disasters and to tackle their consequences, and whereas the Community instrument specificallyenvisaged for this, the EUSF, has proved ineffective in practice, hence the proposed revision currentlyunder way,
T. whereas preventive measures reduce the material damage that floods cause to housing, infrastructure
and production activities, as was demonstrated in the Alpine regions, where the floods of 2005 caused
much less damage than those of 2002, despite being on a larger scale,
U. whereas, nevertheless, Community fire-prevention measures are limited almost exclusively to rural deve-
lopment policy and have so far clearly proved to be inadequate, which demonstrates the need for a spe-cific, adequately funded Community forest protection programme designed to prevent and manage therisk of forest fires and tailored to the specific nature of forests in the Member States,
V. whereas intensive information campaigns on the sustainable use of water may reduce water consump-
tion considerably and thus alleviate serious drought situations,
W. noting the lack of coordination between the competent public administrations and that prevention,
disaster management and assistance to the territories and direct victims are the three areas of action bythe European Union, in which it should play a more active and in particular a more preventive role,
X. whereas there is evident dissatisfaction among ordinary people, broad sections of society, NGOs and
representatives of civil society,
1. Considers that the Commission should submit a proposal to draw up a European strategy to combat
natural disasters, including comprehensive risk prevention, and devise a technical protocol setting out joint
action at Union level addressing suited to each type of disaster and each forest eco-system;7.12.2006 371 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
2. Acknowledges the specific nature of the natural disasters which occur in various Member States, such
as droughts and forest fires in the Mediterranean, and urges the Commission to adapt Community preven-
tion, research, risk-management, civil-defence and solidarity tools with a view to improving the response tosuch disasters;
3. Considers that in all the Member States an exhaustive list should be drawn up of the locations which
are most vulnerable to fires and to prolonged droughts and also of the resources available, with a view todevising a preventive strategy and enabling genuinely effective action and coordination to be carried out at
local level;
4. Considers, furthermore, that this proposal should also include measures designed to ensure that water
is used rationally and efficiently by major water consumers, such as farmers, urban users and industry;defends application of the “user pays” and“polluter pays” principles in order to ensure that water is managed
more rationally and that effluent is more extensively monitored and checked;
5. Considers that this strategy should devote particular attention to isolated regions, regions with low
population density or suffering from depopulation, mountainous areas and border regions, outlying and
extremely remote regions and the least favoured regions concerned by the convergence objective;
6. Points out that local and regional authorities throughout the EU are becoming increasingly aware of the
issue of natural catastrophes and points to the unsubstitutable role of regional and local actors in prevention,disaster management and alleviation of the impact of natural catastrophes upon individuals;
7. Stresses the need to adjust the action of the Structural Funds in the prevention and management of
natural disasters as well as to coordinate them with the other existing Community instruments, in order totackle these disasters; urges that, in the forthcoming financial programming for 2007-2013, the necessaryflexibility should be ensured in the redistribution of resources available among the different funds, in order
to improve their operability in the event of disasters;
8. Urges the Commission to make available the resources needed for the purpose of relieving the suffering
and satisfying the material needs of all victims of natural disasters and their immediate families, by means ofthe EUSF and other Community instruments;
9. Points out that measures to prevent and combat fires and floods are eligible under the Structural Funds
for the new programming period, and thus calls on the Council to bear this in mind and to be consistent inits common positions;
10. Stresses that restorative measures receiving financial assistance from the European Union should
include measures aimed at preventing reoccurrences of disasters;
11. Believes that the Council should consider the most effective measures to prevent and respond effecti-
vely to the direct and inevitable needs which may result from a disastrous fire;
12. Considers that within the 2007-2013 financial framework a Community forest-fire protection pro-
gramme must be designed to promote adequately funded forest-fire awareness-raising, prevention and risk-management initiatives dovetailing with agricultural- and structural-policy measures;
13. Points out that the existence of an extensive network of small and medium-sized farms and of an agri-
cultural policy which promotes more sustainable production methods (particularly in the use of water and
soil) could help reduce the effects of drought and forest fire;
14. Notes that, following the decision of the Brussels European Council of 15 and 16 December 2005 on
the financial perspective 2007-2013, the objective “Territorial Cooperation” has been substantially reduced,
particularly as regards its transnational and interregional dimension; calls on the Commission to ensure thatthe financial allocation is adequate in the current negotiations, in order not to hamper the implementationof measures to prevent and combat the impact of natural disasters covered by the Interreg programme; also
stresses the importance of cooperation with neighbouring third countries on matters concerning floods and
fires;7.12.2006 372 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
15. Considers that the Commission should submit a proposal for a directive for fire prevention and mana-
gement in the European Union, in order to make the best possible use of the existing Community and natio-
nal resources for tackling the phenomenon on the lines of the proposal for a directive on the assessmentand management of floods; also considers that a similar proposal should be drafted on drought-risk preven-tion and management and asks it to look into the establishment of a European monitoring centre fordrought and desertification integrated into the activities of the seventh framework programme of the Euro-
pean Community for research, technological development and demonstration activities (2007-2013) (COM
(2005)0119);
16. Suggests that Parliament should begin to monitor deficiencies in means and equipment and all rele-
vant problems in the fight against natural disasters in the Member States;
17. Calls on the Commission to draft a communication forthwith on earthquake-risk prevention, manage-
ment and assessment in the same way as for other natural disasters (floods, fires, drought);
18. Calls on the Commission, in cooperation with Member States, regional and local authorities and other
interested institutions, to gather and disseminate good practice case studies of measures adopted to preventand effectively manage natural disasters;
19. Calls on the Council and the Member States to step up research into disaster prevention under the
seventh framework programme, which is in the process of being adopted, paying particular attention to the
improvement of early-warning systems and systems for the gathering and the real-time transmission of data;
20. Notes the launching of the pilot phase for the creation of the Global Monitoring for Environment and
Security (GMES) initiative, which should enable the European Union to improve the forecasting, monitoringand assessment of natural disasters, and urges that the financial allocation for the initiative should be increa-sed and that the action programme should be extended to cover all natural disasters that might occur withinthe Member States;
21. Calls for the launching of the GALILEO system, which should help to improve the European Union's
ability to anticipate, monitor and understand extreme meteorological weather situations and natural pheno-
mena; also calls for the use of other kinds of equipment and means so as to detect fire outbreaks and effecti-vely prevent fire bursts;
22. Deplores the fact that the Commission communication reporting on the implementation of the EU
Forestry Strategy (COM(2005)0084) does not devote special attention to the issue of fires, ignoring the factthat they are the main cause of the deterioration of forests; therefore calls on the Member States to remedythis deficiency and asks the Commission to include the necessary measures in the Forestry Action Plan
which it is to submit in the near future and which must contain provision for a possible European Fire Fund
or European Forest Fund which could be used to support action intended to conserve and restore the moun-tain and forest areas included in the Natura 2000 network;
23. Suggests that the Member States should include and be obliged to carry out measures to combat
drought and desertification and to prevent fires and flooding in the context of their rural development plansby encouraging participation by farmers in the replanting of forests with suitable species, in clearing out
forests, in combating erosion and in making better use of water since farmers are the main guardians of the
countryside; consequently, calls for the aid established for the creation of fire-breaks in Council Regulation(EC) No 1257/1999 of 17 May 1999 on support for rural development from the European AgriculturalGuidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF) (
1) to be maintained and for better support for measures designed to
increase the profitability of forests and to prevent the depopulation of less economically productive moun-tain areas which may lie within the Mediterranean region (with particular attention to be paid to keeping
combined farming/forestry/grazing operations in business and to protecting meadows);7.12.2006 373 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
(1) OJ L 160, 26.6.1999, p. 80.
24. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to devise information and education campaigns on
prevention and combating measures agreed on with the Member States in order to reduce the risks and con-
sequences of natural disasters, especially in the areas of highest risk, by making the public aware of the needto care for the environment and conserve natural resources by avoiding, inter alia, agricultural practices orleisure activities that entail risks; also calls on the Commission to promote training drills to minimise thenegative effects during the outbreak of a disaster;
25. Urges the Commission to promote (in connection with EU training programmes and programmes for
the exchange of sound working practices) a special programme for firefighters and firefighting specialistswith a view to enabling such individuals to undertake additional tasks relating to the protection, conserva-tion, improvement and restoration of mountain areas, and thus to secure safe jobs and stable employment;
also urges the Commission to consider the possibility of proposing an EU evaluation and approval scheme
both for firefighting teams and for the training and skills of firefighters themselves;
26. Calls on the Commission to study and to propose to the Parliament and to the Council ways of imple-
menting coercive measures which will discourage negligence and deliberate action in the starting of fires
(legal remedies, police intervention, labelling of such action as an environmental offence and so on);
27. Deplores the fact that the fire prevention measures under the “Forest Focus” programme do not form
part of the priority issues in the future “LIFE +” instrument; calls on the Commission and the Council to
include those measures in the future instrument and to provide adequate funding;
28. Since many areas have witnessed a very high rate of forest degradation over the last few years, calls on
the Commission to devise schemes which will enable the forests in such areas to be replanted with nativespecies, thereby ensuring that the objectives of ecosystem recovery and the prevention of further disasters
are adopted in the public interest and not just as a private initiative, and that the effect of disasters on cli-
mate change is reduced;
29. Notes the Commission proposal for a decision establishing a Community civil protection mechanism
(COM(2006)0029), in particular the enhancement of the MIC (Monitoring and Information Centre), with
the possibility of Community funding for transport expenditure; calls on the Council to adopt this decision
as soon as possible and to consider strengthening the instrument, in particular measures on the ground, aswell as making the best use of the scant resources available;
30. Calls on the Member States and the Commission to work jointly on substantially improving the coor-
dination and communication of information on existing resources in the event of disasters, by devising har-monised implementation methods for the purpose with a particular view to ensuring that the essentialemergency operations which are necessary if land-based and airborne forest-fire combat equipment is to bemade immediately available for a limited period of time can be carried out;
31. Recalls that, in its resolution of 4 September 2003 on the effects of the summer heatwave (
1), it advo-
cated the establishment of a European Civil Protection Force; calls on the Commission to fully take intoaccount in this objective respect for the principle of subsidiarity; believes that such a European mechanismshould be alert during the summer season, when Europe and especially the Mediterranean countries are
always under the threat of fires, and that each Member State could contribute to this European mechanism
by providing equipment, means and personnel;
32. Calls on the Member States and regional and local authorities to remove administrative and spatial
barriers to civil protection and support greater flexibility and operability of rescue teams (fire brigades, medi-
cal emergency, police, mountain, marine and mining rescue teams) in neighbouring regions;7.12.2006 374 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
(1) OJ C 76 E, 25.3.2004, p. 382.
33. Emphasises the importance of the EUSF as the main instrument that should enable the European
Union to react rapidly to major disasters, such as floods, fires and drought, as well as to cyclones, earthqua-
kes, volcanic eruptions or even tsunamis; urges the Commission and the Council to adopt Parliament's pro-posals for a review of that fund, with particular reference to extending the assistance provided to all victimsof natural disasters and their immediate family members;
34. Urges the Council to adapt the EUSF with particular reference to time limits and eligible actions in
order to enable it to deal with the kind of specific natural disasters which occur in the Member States, suchas fires, droughts and floods;
35. Considers that the EUSF should continue to enable action to be taken in the case of disasters which,
although significant, do not achieve the minimum level required and that assistance may also be provided inspecial circumstances in cases where most of the population in a specific region has been affected by a disas-
ter which will have a serious, long-term effects on their living conditions;
36. Nevertheless, points to the need for the involvement of other existing instruments, such as State aid
for regional purposes or European Investment Bank loans, with the aim of preventing if possible natural
disasters from happening and remedying the damage caused by natural disasters;
37. Asks that the setting up of an agriculture disaster fund be looked into for the purpose of providing
compensation for any loss of income stemming from crop losses on the part of farmers affected by natural
disasters;
38. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, to the governments
and parliaments of the Member States having regions affected by natural disasters in 2005, to the regionaland local authorities of those areas, as well as to the Committee of the Regions.
P6_TA(2006)0224
Natural Disasters —environmental aspects
European Parliament resolution on Natural Disasters (fires, droughts and floods) —environmental
aspects (2005/2192(INI))
The European Parliament,
—having regard to its resolutions of 5 September 2002 on floods in Europe (1), 14 April 2005 on the
drought in Portugal (2), 12 May 2005 on the drought in Spain (3) and 8 September 2005 on the natural
disasters (fires and floods) in Europe that summer (4),
—having regard to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of
11 December 1997, and the ratification thereof by the European Community on 25 April 2002,
—having regard to its resolution of 16 November 2005 on “Winning the Battle against Global Climate
Change” (5),
—having regard to its resolution of 18 January 2006 on Climate Change (6),7.12.2006 375 Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali ta' l-Unjoni Ewropea
Il-Ħamis, 18 ta' Mejju 2006MT
(1) OJ C 272 E, 13.11.2003, p. 471.
(2) OJ C 33 E, 9.2.2006, p. 599.
(3) OJ C 92 E, 20.4.2006, p. 414.
(4)Texts Adopted on that date, P6_TA(2005)0334.
(5)Texts Adopted on that date, P6_TA(2005)0433.
(6)Texts Adopted on that date, P6_TA(2006)0019.