B 4212
L.N. 503 of 2021
REGULATOR FOR ENERGY AND WATER SERVICES ACT 
(CAP. 545)
Promotion of Energy from Renewa ble Sources Regulations, 2021
IN EXERCISE of the powers conferred by article 37(1) of the
Regulator for Energy and Water Se rvices Act, the Minister for E nergy,
Enterprise and Sustainable Development, after consultation with  t h e
Regulator for Energy and Water Services, has made the following
regulations:-
Citation and 
scope.1. (1) The title of these regulations is the Promotion of
Energy from Renewable Sources Regulations, 2021.
(2) These regulations transpose articles 2 to 18 and 20 to 28 of
Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of theCouncil of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energyfrom renewable sources (recast).
Interpretation.  
S.L. 545.34.2. (1) For the purposes of these regulations, the relevant
definitions in the Electricity Regulations shall apply. 
(2) Unless the contex t otherwise requires:
Cap. 545. "Act" means the Regulator for E nergy and Water Services Act;
"advanced biofuels" means biofuels that are produced from the
feedstock listed in Part A  of the Fifth Schedule; 
"ambient energy" means naturally occurring thermal energy and
energy accumulated in the environment with constrained boundari es,
which can be stored in the ambient air, excluding in exhaust air, or in
surface or sewage water;
"biofuels" means liquid fuel for transport produced from
biomass;
"biogas" means gaseous fuels produced from biomass;
"bioliquids" means liquid fuel f or energy purposes other than for
transport, including electricity and heating and cooling, produ ced from
biomass;
"biomass" means the biodegradable fraction of products, waste
and residues from biological origin from agriculture, including  vegetal
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and animal substances, from forestry and related industries, in cluding
fisheries and aquaculture, as we ll as the biodegradable fractio n of
waste, including industrial and municipal waste of biological o rigin;
"biomass fuels" means gaseous and solid fuels produced from
biomass;
Cap. 513."Building and Construction Authority" means the Authority
e s t a b l i s h e d  b y  a r t i c l e  5  o f  t h e  Building and Construction Autho rity
Act;
"Directive" means Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European
Parliament and of the Council  of 11 December 2018 on the
promotion of the use of energy fro m renewable sources (recast);  
 
S.L. 545.34.
S.L. 545.12."distribution system operator" means an operator as defined in
regulation 2 of the Electricity R egulations for electricity and  i n
regulation 2 of the Natural Gas Market Regulations for natural gas;
"district heating" or "district cooling" means the distribution  of
thermal energy in the form of steam, hot water or chilled liqui ds, from
central or decentralised sources of production through a networ k to
multiple buildings or sites, for  the use of space or process he ating or
cooling;
S.L.545.33. "efficient district heating a nd cooling"shall have the same
meaning as assigned to efficient  district heating and cooling i n the
Energy Efficiency Regulations; 
"energy from renewable sources" or "renewable energy" means
energy from renewable non-fossil sources, namely wind, solar (solar
thermal and solar photovoltaic) a nd geothermal energy, ambient
energy, tide, wave and other ocean energy, hydropower, biomass,
landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas, and biogas;
S.L. 513.01."energy performance certificate" shall have the same meaning
as assigned to energy performa nce certificate in the Energy
Performance of Build ings Regulations;
"European Union" or "Union" sha ll have the same meaning as
assigned to it in the Treaty;
"financial instrument" means a financial instrument as defined in
point (29) of Article 2 of Re gulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 o f the
European Parliament and of the Council of 18 July 2018 on the
financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union, amending
Regulations (EU) No 1296/2013, (EU) No 1301/2013, (EU) No 1303/
2013, (EU) No 1304/2013, (EU) No 1309/2013. (EU) No 1316/2013,
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(EU) No 223/2014, (EU)  No 283/2014, and Deci sion No 541/2014/EU
and repealing Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012;
"food and feed crops" means star ch-rich crops, sugar crops or o il
crops produced on agricultural la nd as a main crop excluding residues,
waste or ligno-cellulosic material and intermediate crops, such  a s
catch crops and cover crops, provi ded that the use of such intermediate
crops does not trigger dema nd for additional land;
"fuel supplier" means an entity supplying fuel to the market th at
is responsible for passing fuel through an excise duty point or , in the
case of electricity or where no excise is due or where duly jus tified,
any other relevant entity so designated;
"geothermal energy" means ener gy stored in the form of heat
beneath the surface of solid earth;
"green certificate" means a tr adeable commodity representing
the environmental attributes of a specific quantity of energy
produced from renewable energy sources issued upon compliance
with environmental quality and sustainability criteria;
"gross final consumption of energy" means the energy
commodities delivered for energy purposes to industry, transpor t,
households, services including public services, agriculture, fo restry
and fisheries, the consumption of electricity and heat by the e nergy
branch for electricity, heat and transport fuel production, and  losses of
electricity and heat in distribution and transmission; 
S.L. 545.33."high-efficiency cogeneration" shall have the same meaning as
assigned to high-efficiency cogeneration in the Energy Efficien cy
Regulations; 
"jointly acting renewables sel f-consumers" means a group of at
least two jointly acting renewabl es self-consumers who are loca ted in
the same building or multi-apartment block;
"ligno-cellulosic material" means material composed of lignin,
cellulose and hemicellulose, such  as biomass sourced from fores ts,
woody energy crops and forest-based industries' residues and wastes;
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L.N. 505 of 
2021."low indirect land-use change-r isk biofuels, bioliquids and
biomass fuels" means biofuels, b ioliquids and biomass fuels, th e
feedstock of which was produced  within schemes which avoid
displacement effects of food and feed-crop based biofuels, biol iquids
and biomass fuels through improved agricultural practices as we ll as
through the cultivation of crops on areas which were previously  not
used for cultivation of crops, and which were produced in accor dance
with the sustainability criteria for biofuels, bioliquids and b iomass
fuels laid down in regulation 3 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and
Biomass Fuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations, 2021;
"Member State" means a state which is a member of the
European Union;
"Member State of origin" or "c ountry of origin" means a state
from which electricity produced from renewable energy sources i s
transferred or exported to another Member State or a third coun try;
"Member State of destination" o r "country of destination" means
a Member State or country which receives or to which electricit y
produced from renewable energy so urces is transferred or export ed
from the country of origin;
"Minister" means the Minister responsible for energy;
"non-food cellulosic material" means feedstock mainly
composed of cellulose and hemicel lulose, and having a lower lig nin
content than ligno-cellulosic m aterial, including food and feed  c r o p
residues, such as straw, stover, husks and shells; grassy energy cropswith a low starch content, such as ryegrass, switchgrass, misca nthus,
giant cane; cover crops before and after main crops; ley crops;
industrial residues, including from food and feed crops after vegetal
oils, sugars, starches and protein have been extracted; and mat erial
from biowaste, where ley and cover crops are understood to betemporary, short-term sown pastures comprising grass-legume mix ture
with a low starch content to obtain fodder for livestock and im prove
soil fertility for obtaining higher yields of arable main crops ;
"peer-to-peer trading" of renewable energy means the sale of
renewable energy between market participants by means of a cont ract
with pre-determined conditions governing the automated executio n
and settlement of the transaction, either directly between mark et
participants or indirectly thr ough a certified third-party mark et
participant, such as an aggregator. The right to conduct peer-to-peertrading shall be without prejudi ce to the rights and obligations of the
parties involved as final cus tomers, producers, suppliers or
aggregators;
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Cap. 552."Planning Authority" means the Authority established by the
Development Planning Act;
S.L. 549.63."recycled carbon fuels" means liquid and gaseous fuels that are
produced from liquid or solid was te streams of non-renewable or igin
which are not suitable for material recovery in accordance with
regulation 4A of the Waste Regulat ions, or from waste processing gas
and exhaust gas of non-renewable origin which are produced as a n
unavoidable and unintentional cons equence of the production pro cess
in industrial installations;
"Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008" m eans Regulation (EC) No
1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22October 2008 on energy statistics;
"Regulation (EU) 2018/1999" means Regulation (EU) 2018/
1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December2018 on the Governance of the Ene rgy Union and Climate Action,
amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 ofthe European Parliament and of  the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/
70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/
30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council
Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulati on
(EU) No 525/2013 of the European Par liament and of the Council;  
Cap. 545."Regulator" means the Regulator for Energy and Water Services
established by the Act; 
"relevant authority" means any au thority or license- or permit-
issuing or administrative body re sponsible for the issuing of
authorisations, licenses or per mits, or responsible for the for mulation
and publication of general binding rules, insofar as theseauthorisations, licenses, permits or rules may directly impact,  or relate
to any activity which may impact , the achievement of the object ives
laid down by these regulations; 
"renewable energy community" means a legal entity:
(a) which, in accordance with the applicable law, is based
on an open and voluntary participation, is autonomous, and iseffectively controlled by shar eholders or members that are
located in the proximity of the renewable energy projects that are
owned and developed by that legal entity;
(b) the shareholders or members of which are natural
persons, SME’s or local authori ties, includin g municipalities;
(c) the primary purpose of which is to provide
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environmental, economic or social community benefits for its
shareholders or members or for the local areas where it operate s,
rather than financial profits;
"renewable energy obligation" means a national support scheme
requiring energy producers to include a given share of energy f rom
renewable sources in their pr oduction, requiring energy supplie rs to
include a given share of energy from renewable sources in their  supply,
or requiring energy consumers to include a given share of energ y from
renewable sources in their consumption, including schemes underwhich such requirements may be f ulfilled by using green certifi cates;
"renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-
biological origin" means liquid or gaseous fuels which are used  in the
transport sector other than biof uels or biogas, the energy cont ent of
which is derived from renewable sources other than biomass;
"renewables power purchase agreement" means a contract under
which a natural or legal person agrees to purchase renewable
electricity directly from an electricity producer;
"renewables self-consumer" means a final customer operating
within its premises located within confined boundaries who gene rates
renewable electricity for its own consumption, and who may store orsell self-generated renewable el ectricity, provided that, for a non-
household renewables self-consumer, those activities do not constituteits primary commercial or professional activity;
"repowering" means renewing power plants that produce
renewable energy, including the full or partial replacement ofinstallations or operation system s and equipment for the purpos es of
replacing capacity or increasing the efficiency or capacity of the
installation;
"residue" means a substance that is not the end product(s) that  a
production process directly seeks to produce; it is not a prima ry aim of
the production process and the process has not been deliberatel y
modified to produce it;
"SME" means a micro, small or medium-sized enterprise as
defined in Article 2 of the Annex to Commission Recommendation2003/361/EC; 
"starch-rich crops" means crops  comprising mainly cereals,
regardless of whether the grains alone or the whole plant, such  as in
the case of green maize, are used; tubers and root crops, such as
potatoes, Jerusalem artichokes, sweet potatoes, cassava and yam s; and
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corm crops, such as taro and cocoyam;
"support scheme" means any instrument, scheme or mechanism
applied by the Minister, or by a group of Member States which
includes Malta, that promotes the use of energy from renewable
sources by reducing the cost of that energy, increasing the pri ce at
which it can be sold, or increas ing, by means of a renewable energy
obligation or otherwise, the volume of such energy purchased,including but not restricted to, investment aid, tax exemptions  o r
reductions, tax refunds, renewa ble energy obligation support sc hemes
including those using green certificates, and direct price supp ort
schemes including feed-in tariff s and sliding or fixed premium
payments; 
"third country" means a country which is not a member of the
European Union and which receives or to which electricity produced
from renewable energy sources is transferred or exported from t he
country of origin;
Cap. 460."Treaty" shall have the same meaning as assigned to Treaty in the
European Union Act;
"waste" means any subs tance or object which the holder discards
or intends or is required to discard, excluding those substance s that
have been intentionall y modified or contamin ated in order to me et this
definition;
"waste heat and cold" means unavoidable heat or cold generated
as by-product in industrial or pow er generation installations, or in the
tertiary sector, which would be  dissipated unused in air or wat er
without access to a district heating or cooling system, where acogeneration process has been u sed or will be used or where
cogeneration is not feasible.
National and 
Union targets for 2030.3. (1)  The Minister shall, through the introduction of
measures, ensure the achievement of Malta’s contribution toward s the
realisation of a share of at leas t thirty-two per cent (32%) of  ener gy
from renewable sources in the Uni on’s gross final consumption o f
energy in 2030. 
(2) The contribution referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be in
line with the trajectory established in accordance with Article s 3 to 5
and 9 to 14 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 for the national contribution
to the binding overall Union as reported in Malta’s National En ergy
and Climate Plan, and the measures referred to in sub-regulatio n (1)
shall be effectively designed to ensure the share of energy fro m
renewable sources equals or exceeds that trajectory. 
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(3) The Minister shall take the necessary measures to ensure
that from the 1st January 2021, the share of energy from renewable
sources in the gross final consumption of energy shall not be l ower
than the baseline share  of ten per cent (10%). 
Support 
schemes for 
energy from 
renewable sources.4. (1)  In order to reach or exceed the Union target of at
least thirty-two per cent (32%),  described in sub-regulation (1 ) of
regulation 3 and Malta’s contri bution thereto, as established i n sub-
regulation (2) of regulation 3, the Minister may apply support
schemes.
(2) Support schemes for electr icity from renewable sources
shall provide incentives for the  integration of electricity from
renewable sources in the electri city market in a market-based a nd
market-responsive way, while avo iding unnecessary distortions o f
electricity markets as well as taking into account possible sys tem
integration costs and grid stability.
(3) Support schemes for electr icity from renewable sources
shall be designed so as to maximise the integration of electric ity from
renewable sources in the electricity market and to ensure that
renewable energy producers are responding to market price signals and
maximise their market revenues,  and therefore, to that end, with regard
to direct price support schemes , support shall be  granted in th e form of
a market premium, which could be, inter alia , sliding or fixed.
(4) The Minister may exempt small-scale installations and
demonstration projects from the provisions of sub-article (3),w ithout
prejudice to the applicable Union law on the internal market fo r
electricity.
(5) The Minister shall ensure that support for electricity from
renewable sources is granted in a n open, transparent, competiti ve, non-
discriminatory and cost-effective manner:
Provided that small-scale ins tallations and demonstration
projects may be exempted from te ndering procedures and may also
consider establishing mechanisms to ensure the regionaldiversification in the deployment of renewable electricity, in particular
to ensure cost-efficient system integration.
(6) The Minister may limit tendering procedures to specific
technologies where opening support schemes to all producers ofelectricity from renewable sour ces would lead to a suboptimal r esult,
in view of:
(a) the long-term potential of a particular technology;
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(b) the need to achie ve diversification;
(c) grid integration costs;
(d) network constraints and grid stability;(e) for biomass, the need to avoid distortions of raw
materials markets.
(7) Where support for electricity from renewable sources is
granted by means of a tendering procedure, the Minister shall, in order
to ensure a high project realisation rate:
(a) establish and publish non-discriminatory and
transparent criteria to qualify f or the tendering procedure and  set
clear dates and rules for delivery of the project;
(b) publish information about previous tendering
procedures, including pr oject realisation rates.
(8) The Minister sha ll apply this regulation without prejudice
to Articles 107 and 108 TFEU.
Opening of 
support schemes 
for electricity from renewable 
sources.5.  (1) The Minister shall have the right, in accordance with
the provisions of these regulations, to decide to which extent
electricity from renewable source s which is produced in another
Member State is supported. However, the Minister may openparticipation in support schemes for electricity from renewable  sources
to producers located in other Member States, subject to the con ditions
laid down in this regulation.
(2) When opening participa tion in support schemes for
electricity from renewable source s, the Minister may provide th at
support for an indicative shar e of the newly-supported capacity , or of
the budget allocated thereto, in each year is open to producers  located
in other Member States.
(3) The indicative share referred to in sub-regulation (2) may,
in each year, amount to at least five per cent (5%) from 2023 to 2026
and at least ten per cent (10%) from 2027 to 2030, or, where lo wer, to
the level of interconnectivity of  the Member State concerned in  an y
given year.
(4) In order to acquire further implementation experience, the
Minister may organise one or more pilot schemes where support is
open to producers located in other Member States.
(5) The Minister may require  proof of physical import of
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electricity from renewa ble sources. To that end, the Minister ma y limit
participation in support schemes to producers located in Member
States with which there is a di rect connection via interconnect ors.
However, Member States shall not  change or otherwise affect cro ss-
zonal schedules and capacity allocation due to producers partic ipating
in cross-border support schemes. C ross-border electricity trans fers
shall be determined only by the outcome of capacity allocation
pursuant to Union law on the internal market in electricity.
(6) Where the Minister opens p articipation in support schemes
to producers located in other Member States, agreement on the
principles of such participati on. covering at least the princip les of
allocation of renewable electri city that is the subject of cross-border
support shall be reached with the relevant Member States: 
Provided that the Minister may, if so required, request the
Commission to assist with the negotiation process. 
Stability of 
financial 
support.6. (1) Without prejudice to adapt ations necessary to comply
with Articles107 and 108 TFEU, the Minister shall ensure that the
level of, and the conditions attached to, the support granted t o
renewable energy projects are not revised in a way that negativ ely
affects the rights conferred th ereunder and undermines the econ omic
viability of projects that a lready benefit from support.
(2) The Minister may adjust the level of support in accordance
with objective criteria, provide d that such criteria are establ ished in the
original design of the support scheme.
(3) The Minister shall publish a long-term schedule
anticipating the expected allocation of support, covering, as areference, at least the followi ng five years, or, in the case o f budgetary
planning constraints, the following three years, including theindicative timing, the frequency of tendering procedures where
appropriate, the expected capac ity and budget or maximum unitar y
support expected to be allocated, and the expected eligible
technologies, if applicable. 
(4) The schedule referred to in sub-regulation (3) shall be
updated on an annual basis or, where necessary, to reflect rece nt
market developments or expected allocation of support.
(5) The Minister shall, at least every five years, carry out an
assessment of:
(a) the effectiveness of suppor t schemes for electricity
from renewable sources;
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(b) the major distributive effects of support schemes for
electricity from renewable sources on different consumer groups ,
and on investments;
(c) the effect of possible cha nges to the support schemes.
(6) The assessments referred to  in sub-regulation (5) shall be
included in the relevant updates of Malta’s integrated national energy
and climate plans and progress reports in accordance with Regul ation
(EU) 2018/1999, and the results thereof shall be taken into acc ount in
the indicative long-term planni ng governing the decisions of th e
support and design of new support. 
Calculation of 
the share of 
energy from 
renewable sources.7. (1)  The share of energy from renewable sources shall be
calculated as the gross final c onsumption of energy from renewa ble
sources divided by the gross fina l consumption of energy from all
energy sources, expressed as a percentage.
(2) In calculating the gross final consumpti on of energy for the
purposes of measuring its compliance with the targets and indic ative
trajectory laid down in these reg ulations, the amount of energy
consumed in aviation shall, as a proportion of the gross final
consumption of energy, be considered to be no more than four po int
one two per cent (4.12%).
(3) The methodology and definitions used in the calculation of
the share of energy from renew able sources shall be those provi ded for
in Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008.
Calculation of 
the gross final 
consumption of energy from 
renewable 
sources.8. (1) The gross final consumption of energy from
renewable sources shall be calculated as the sum of:
(a) gross final consumption of electrici ty from renewable
sources;
(b) gross final consumption of energy from renewable
sources in the heating and cooling sector; and
(c) final consumption of energy from renewable sources
in the transport sector.
(2) With regard to paragraphs ( a), (b), or (c) of sub-regulatio n
(1), gas, electricity and hydroge n from renewable sources shall  b e
considered only once for the purposes of ca lculating the share of gross
final consumption of energy from renewable sources.
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L.N. 505 of 
2021(3) Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels that are not
compliant with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving
criteria laid down in the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Biomass Fuel s
(Sustainability Criteria) Regul ations, 2021 shall not be taken into
account.
(4) The sum referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall be adjusted
to take into account, whenever applicable the effects on alloca tion of
energy from renewable sources a rising out of arrangements enter ed
into for the purpose of:
(a) statistical transfers of energy from renewable sources;
(b) joint projects with other Member States and, or third
countries; and
(c) joint support schemes with other Member States.
Calculation of 
the gross final 
consumption of 
electricity from renewable 
sources.9. (1) For the purposes of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation
(1) of regulation 8, gross final consumption of electricity fro m
renewable sources shall be calcul ated as the quantity of electr icity
produced in Malta from renewable sources, and shall include the
production of electricity from renewables self-consumers and
renewable energy communities, but shall however exclude the
production of electricity in pum ped storage units from water th at has
previously been pumped uphill.
(2) In multi-fuel plants usi ng renewable and non-renewable
sources, only the part of electricity produced from renewable sources
shall be taken into account, a nd for the purposes of that calculation, the
contribution of each energy source shall be calculated on the b asis of
its energy content.
(3) The electricity generated by hydropower and wind power
shall be accounted for in accorda nce with the normalisation rules set
out in the First Schedule.
Calculation of 
the gross final 
consumption of energy from 
renewable 
sources in the heating and 
cooling sector.10. (1)  For the purposes of paragraph (b) of sub-regulation
(1) of regulation 8, gross final consumption of energy from renewable
sources in the heating and cooling sector shall be calculated a s the
quantity of district heating and cooling produced in Malta from
renewable sources, plus the consumption of other energy fromrenewable sources in industry, households, services, agriculture,
forestry and fisheries, for heating, cooling and processing pur poses.
(2) In multi-fuel plants usi ng renewable and non-renewable
sources, only the par t of heating and cooli ng produced from renewable
sources shall be taken into account and for the purposes of that
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calculation, the contribution of  each energy source shall be ca lculated
on the basis of its energy content.
(3) Ambient and geothermal energy used for heating and
cooling by means of heat pumps and district cooling systems sha ll be
taken into account, provided that  the final energy output signi ficantly
exceeds the primary energy input required to drive the heat pumps.
(4) The quantity of heat or cold to be considered to be energy
from renewable sources for the purposes of these regulations sh all be
calculated in accordance with the methodology set out in the Se cond
Schedule and shall take into a ccount energy use in all end-use sectors.
(5) Thermal energy generated by passive energy systems,
under which lower energy consumpt ion is achieved passively through
building design or from heat generated by energy from non-renew able
sources, shall not be taken into account.
Calculation of 
the final consumption of 
energy from 
renewable sources in the 
transport sector.11. (1)  For the purposes of para graph (c) of sub-regulation
(1) of regulation 8, the following requirements shall apply:
(a) final consumption of energy from renewable sources
in the transport sector shall b e calculated as the sum of all
biofuels, biomass fuels and renewable liquid and gaseous
transport fuels of non-biological origin consumed in the
transport sector:
Provided that renewable liqui d and gaseous transport fuels
of non-biological origin that are produced from renewable elect ricity
shall be considered to be part of the calculation pursuant to p aragraph
(a) of sub-regulation (1) of regulation 8 only when calculating  t h e
quantity of electricity produced i n Malta from renewable source s; and
(b) for the calculation of final consumption of energy in
the transport sector, the values regarding the energy content o f
transport fuels, as set out in the Third Schedule, shall be used:
Provided that in order to determine the calorific values of
fuels, the relevant European Standards Organisation (ESO) stand ards
shall be used for the determinat ion of the energy content of tr ansport
fuels not included in the Third Schedule, and where no ESO standardhas been adopted for that purpose, the relevant InternationalOrganization for Standardisation (ISO) standards shall be used.  
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Union 
renewable 
development platform and 
statistical 
transfers between 
Member States.12. (1) The Minister may make arrangements for the
statistical transfer of a specified amount of energy from renew able
sources from Malta to another Memb er State, or from another Mem ber
State to Malta, as the case may be.
(2) The transferre d amount shall be:
(a) deducted from the amount of energy from renewable
sources that is taken into acc ount in calculating the renewable
energy share of the Member Stat e making the transfer for the
purposes of the Directive; and
(b) added to the amount of energy from renewable
sources that is taken into acc ount in calculating the renewable
energy share of the Member Stat e accepting the transfer for the
purposes of the Directive.
(3) The Minister may, for the purposes of sub-regulation (1)
make use of the Union renewable development platform (‘URDP’)
established by the Commission, a nd may, on a voluntary basis, s ubmit
to the URDP annual data on Malta’s national contributions to th e
Union target or any benchmark set for monitoring progress in
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, including the amount by which Malta is
expected to fall short of or ex ceed its contribution, and an indication of
the price at which Malta would accept to transfer any excessproduction of energy from renew able sources from or to another
Member State.
(4) The price of any transfers effected in terms of the
provisions in sub-regulation (3) shall be set on a case-by-case  b a s i s
based on the URDP demand-and-supply matching mechanism.
(5) The arrangements referred to  in sub-regulations (1) to (4)
may have a duration of one or more calendar years and shall be
notified by the Minister to the Commission or finalised on the URDP
not later than twelve (12) months after the end of each year in  which
they have effect. The information sent to the Commission shall include
the quantity and price of the e nergy involved. For transfers fi nalised on
the URDP, the parties involved and the information on the particulartransfer shall be disclosed to the public.
(6) Transfers shall become effective after all Member States
involved in the transfer have notified the transfer to the Comm ission or
after all clearing conditions are met on the URDP, as applicabl e.
Joint projects 
with other Member States.13. (1) The Minister may make arrangements for cooperation
with one or more authorities in one or more other Member States , or
designate an authority or entity to make such arrangements for
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cooperation, on all types of joint  projects with regard to the production
of electricity, heating or cooling from renewable sources, wher e
cooperation may also involve private operators.
(2) The Minister shall notify t he Commission of the proportion
or amount of electricity, heating or cooling from renewable sou rces
produced by any joint project located in Malta that became or b ecomes
operational after 25 June 2009, or by the increased capacity of  a n
installation that was refurbished  after that date, which is to be regarded
as counting towards the renewable energy share of another Membe r
State for the purposes of the Directive:
 Provided that units of energy from renewable sources
imputable to an increase in the capacity of an installation sha ll be
treated as if they were produced by a separate installation becoming
operational at the moment at which the increase of capacity occurred.
(3) The notification referred t o in sub-regulation (2) shall:
(a) describe the proposed installation or identify the
refurbished installation located in Malta;
(b) specify the proportion or amount of electricity or
heating or cooling produced from the installation which is to b e
regarded as counting towards the renewable energy share of theother Member State;
(c) identify the Member State in whose favour the
notification is being made; and
(d) specify the period, in whole calendar years, during
which the electricity or heating or cooling produced by theinstallation from renewable sour ces is to be regarded as counti ng
towards the renewable energy share of the other Member State.
(4) The duration of a joint pro j e c t  a s  r e f e r r e d  t o  i n  t h i s
regulation may extend beyond 2030.
(5) A notification ma de under this regulation shall not be
varied or withdrawn without the j oint agreement of the relevant
Maltese authorities and the rele vant authorities of the Member State
identified in accordance with paragraph (c) of sub-regulation ( 3).
(6) The Minister may request the Commission to facilitate the
establishment of joint projects with other Member States, in particularvia dedicated technical assistance and project development assi stance.
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Effects of joint 
projects with 
other Member States.14. (1) Within three (3) months of the end of each year
falling within the period referred to in paragraph (d) of sub-r egulation
(3) of regulation 13, the Minister shall issue a letter of noti fication
stating:
(a) the total amount of elect ricity or heat ing or cooling
produced from renewable sources during that year by the
installation which was the subject of the notification under
regulation 13; and
(b) the amount of electrici ty or heating or cooling
produced from renewable sources during that year by thatinstallation which is to count tow ards the renewable energy sha re
of another Member State in accordance with the terms of the
notification.
(2) The Minister shall submit the letter of notification to the
Member State in whose favour the notification was made and to theCommission.
(3) The amount of electricity or heating or cooling from
renewable sources notified in accordance with paragraph (b) of sub-
regulation (1) shall be:
(a) deducted from the amount of electricity or heating or
cooling from renewable sources that is taken into account in
calculating Malta’s renewable energy share for the purposes of
these regulations; and
(b) added to the amount of electricity or heating or
cooling from renewable sources that is taken into account in
calculating the renewable energy share of the Member Statereceiving the letter of notificat ion pursuant to sub-regulation  (2)
for the purposes of the Directive.
Joint projects 
with third countries.15. (1) The Minister may make arrangements or designate an
authority or entity to make such  arrangements for the purpose o f
cooperation with one or more thi rd countries on all types of jo int
projects with regard to the pr oduction of electricity from rene wable
sources, where cooperation may al so involve private operators and
shall take place in full resp ect of international law:
Provided that such cooperation may also be jointly entered
into with one or more other Member States.
(2) Electricity from renewable sources produced in a third
country shall be taken into account for the purposes of calcula ting
Malta’s renewable energy share, and, where other Member States are
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involved in the cooperation, for  the purposes of calculating th eir
renewable energy shares, only where the following conditions ar e met:
(a) the electricity is consumed in the Union, which is
deemed to be met where:
(i) an equivalent amount of electricity to the
electricity accounted for has b een firmly nominated to the
allocated interconnection capacity by all responsible
transmission system operators in the country of origin, the
country of destination and, if relevant, each third country of
transit;
(ii) an equivalent amount of electricity to the
electricity accounted for has been firmly registered in theschedule of balance  by the responsible transmission system
operator on the Union side of an interconnector; and
(iii) the nominated capac ity and the production of
electricity from renewable sources by the installation
referred to in paragraph (b) refer to the same period of time;
(b) the electricity is produced by an installation that
became operational after 25
th June 2009 or by the increased
capacity of an installation that w as refurbished after that dat e,
under a joint project as referred to in sub-regulation (1):
Provided that units of energy from renewable sources
imputable to an increase in the capacity of an installation sha ll be
treated as if they were produced by a separate installation
becoming operational at the moment at which the increase of
capacity occurred;
(c) the amount of electricity produced and exported has
not received support from a support scheme of a third countryother than investment aid granted to the installation; and
(d) the electricity has been produced in accordance with
international law, in a third country that is a signatory to th e
Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of HumanRights and Fundamental Freedom s, or other international
conventions or treaties on human rights.
(3) For the purposes of sub-regulation (4), the Minister may
apply to the Commission for account  to be taken of electricity from
renewable sources produced and c onsumed in a third country, in the
context of the construction of an interconnector with a very long lead-
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time between a Member State and a third country where the following
conditions are met:
(a) construction of the int erconnector started by 31
December 2026;
(b) it is not possible for the interconnector to become
operational by 31 December 2030;
(c) it is possible for th e interconnector to become
operational by 31 December 2032;
(d) after it becomes operationa l, the interconnector will
be used for the export of electri city from renewable sources to
the Union, in accordance with sub-regulation (2);
(e) the application relates to a joint project that fulfils the
criteria set out in paragraphs  (b) and (c) of sub-regulation (2 ) and
that will use the interconnector after it becomes operational, and
to a quantity of electricity that is no greater than the quanti ty that
will be exported to the Union after the interconnector becomes
operational.
(4) The proportion or amount of electricity produced by any
installation in the territory of a third country, which is to be regardedas counting towards Malta’s renewable energy share shall be notifiedto the Commission by the Minister. When more than one Member
State is concerned, the distribut ion between Member States of t hat
proportion or amount shall be notified to the Commission. The
proportion or amount shall not exceed the proportion or amount
actually exported to, and consumed in, the Union, shall corresp ond to
the amount referred to in sub-paragraphs (i) and (ii) of paragr aph (a) of
sub-regulation (2) and shall meet the conditions set out in paragraph(a) of that sub-regulation. 
(5) The notificati on referred to in sub-re gulation (4) shall:
(a) describe the proposed installation or identify the
refurbished installation;
(b) specify the proportion or amount of electricity
produced from the installation which is to be regarded ascounting towards Malta’s renewable energy share as well as,
subject to confidentiality requirements, the correspondingfinancial arrangements;
(c) specify the period, in w hole calendar years, during
which the electricity is to be regarded as counting towards
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Malta’s renewable energy share; and
(d) include a written acknow ledgement of paragraphs (b)
and (c) by the third country in whose territory the installatio n is
to become operational and an i ndication of the proportion or
amount of electricity produced by the installation which will b e
used domestically by that third country.
(6) The duration of a joint pro j e c t  a s  r e f e r r e d  t o  i n  t h i s
regulation may extend beyond 2030.
(7) A notification made  under this regulation shall be varied or
withdrawn only where there is a joint agreement between Malta a nd
the third country that has acknowledged the joint project in ac cordance
with paragraph (d) of  sub-regulation (5).
Effects of joint 
projects with 
third countries.16. (1) Within twelve (12) months of the end of each year
falling within the period specified under paragraph (c) of sub-
regulation (5) of regulation 15, the Minister shall issue a let ter of
notification stating:
(a) the total amount of electricity produced from
renewable sources dur ing that year by the installation which wa s
the subject of the notif ication under regulation 15;
(b) the amount of electricity produced from renewable
sources during that year by that installation which is to count
towards Malta’s renewable energy share in accordance with the
terms of the notification under regulation 15; and
(c) evidence of compliance with the conditions laid down
in sub-regulation (2) of regulation 15.
(2) The Minister shall submit the  letter of notification to the
Commission and to the third country that has acknowledged theproject in accordance with paragraph (d) of sub-regulation (5) of
regulation 15.
(3) For the purposes of calculati ng the renewable energy shares
under these regulations, the amount of electricity from renewab le
sources notified in accordance with paragraph (b) of sub-regula tion (1)
shall be added to the amount of energy from renewable sources t hat is
taken into account in calculating Malta’s renewable energy shar es.
Joint support 
schemes.17. (1) Without prejudice to the obligations of the Minister
under regulation 5, the Minister may agree with the relevant
authorities of one or more other Member States, on a voluntary basis,
to join or partly coordinate their national support schemes.
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(2) Where an agreement is reached for the joining or partial
coordination of national support schemes, a certain amount of e nergy
from renewable sources produced i n Malta may count towards the
renewable energy share of another participating Member State, or
vice-versa, provided that Mal ta and any other Member State
concerned:
(a) make a statistical transfer of specified amounts of
energy from renewable sources in accordance with regulation 12;
or
(b) set up a distribution rule agreed by Malta and any
participating Member State tha t allocates amounts of energy
from renewable sour ces between them.
(3) A distribution rule as referred to in paragraph (b) of sub-
regulation (2) shall be  notified by the Minister to the Commiss ion not
later than three (3) months after the end of the first year in which it
takes effect.
(4) Within three (3) months of the end of each year, where a
notification has been made under sub-regulation (3), the Minist er shall
issue a letter of not ification stating the total amount of elec tricity or
heating or cooling from renewab le sources produced during the y ear
which is to be the subject of the distribution rule.
(5) For the purposes of calculating the renewable energy shares
under these regulations, the amount of electricity or heating o r cooling
from renewable sources notified in accordance with sub-regulati on (4)
shall be reallocated between Mal ta and any Member State concern ed in
accordance with the notif ied distribution rule.
(6) The Minister may request the Commission to facilitate the
establishment of joint support sc hemes between Malta and any ot her
Member State.
Administrative 
procedures, 
regulations and codes.18. (1) Any national rules concerning the authorisation,
certification and licensing procedures that are applied to:
(a) plants and associated transmission and distribution
networks for the production of e lectricity, heating or cooling
from renewable sources; 
(b) the process of transformation of biomass into
biofuels, bioliquids, biomass fuels or other  energy products; a nd 
(c) to renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of
non-biological origin; 
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shall be proportionate and ne cessary and contribute to the
implementation of the energy efficiency first principle.
(2) The Regulator and the Pl anning Authority shall, in
particular, take the appropriate steps to ensure that:
(a) administrative procedures are streamlined and
expedited at the appropriate admin istrative level and predictab le
timeframes are established for the procedures referred to in th e
sub-regulation (1);
(b) rules concerning authorisation, certification and
licensing are objective, transparent and proportionate, do not
discriminate between applicants and take fully into account theparticularities of individual renewable energy technologies;
(c) administrative charges paid by consumers, planners,
periti , builders and equipment and system installers and
suppliers are transparent and cost-related; and
(d) simplified and less burdensome authorisation
procedures, including a simple-notification procedure, areestablished for decentralised devices, and for producing and
storing energy from renewable sources.
( 3 ) T h e  M i n i s t e r ,  w h e r e  n e c e ssary in consultation with the
Regulator, shall clearly define a ny technical spec ifications wh ich are
to be met by renewable energy equi pment and systems in order to
benefit from support schemes:
Provided that where European standards exist, including
eco-labels, energy labels and other technical reference systems
established by the European standardisation bodies, such techni cal
specifications shall be expressed in terms of those standards:
Provided further that such tec hnical specifications shall not
prescribe where the equipment and systems are to be certified a nd shall
not impede the proper functioning of the internal market.
(4) The Minister shall undertake the necessary coordination
with the relevant Ministries as necessary such that provisions may be
made by the relevant authorities for the integration and deploy ment of
renewable energy, including for renewables self-consumption andrenewable energy communities, and the use of unavoidable waste heat
and cold when planning, including early spatial planning, desig ning,
building and renovating urban infr astructure, industrial, comme rcial or
residential areas and energy in frastructure, including electric ity,
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district heating and cooling, natural gas and alternative fuel networks.
The Minister shall, in particular, coordinate with the relevant
Ministries as necessary such that relevant authorities are enco uraged to
include heating and cooling from r enewable sources in the planning of
city infrastructure where appropr iate, and to consult the netwo rk
operators to reflect the impact of energy efficiency and demandresponse programs as well as specific provisions on renewables self-
consumption and renewable energy communities, on the infrastructuredevelopment plans of the operators.
(5) The Building and Construction Authority shall introduce
appropriate measures in their bui lding regulations and codes in  order
to increase the share of all kinds of energy from renewable sou rces in
the building sector.
(6) In establishing the measure s referred to in sub-regulation
(5) or in their support schemes, the Building and Construction
Authority or the Minister, as the case may be, may take into account,
where applicable, national measures relating to substantial inc reases in
renewables self-consumption, in l ocal energy storage and in ene rgy
efficiency, relating to cogeneration and relating to passive, l ow-energy
or zero-energy buildings.
S.L. 513.01(7) The Building and Construction Authority in its building
regulations and codes, or other competent authorities by other means
with equivalent effect, shall re quire the use of minimum levels  o f
energy from renewable sources in new buildings and in existing
buildings that are subject to major renovation in so far as tec hnically,
functionally and economically feas ible, and reflecting the resu lts of the
cost-optimal calculation carried  out pursuant to sub-regulation  (2) of
regulation 6 of the Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations  and
in so far as this does not negatively affect indoor air quality .
(8) It shall be permitted for the minimum levels referred to in
sub-regulation (7) to be fulfilled, inter alia , through efficient district
heating and cooling using a significant share of renewable ener gy and
waste heat and cold.
(9) The requirements laid dow n in sub-regulation (5) shall
apply to the armed forces only to the extent that their applica tion does
not cause any conflict with the n ature and primar y aim of the a ctivities
of the armed forces and with the exception of material used
exclusively for military purposes.
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S.L. 513.01.(10) The Building and Construction Authority shall ensure that
new public buildings, and existing public buildings that are su bject to
major renovation, at national, regional and local level, fulfil  a n
exemplary role in the context of these regulations from 1 January
2012:
Provided that the obligation may, inter alia , be fulfilled by
complying with nearly zero-energy building provisions as requir ed in
the Energy Performance of Buildi ngs Regulations, or, by coordin ating
with the Lands Authority to provide for the roofs of public or mixed
private-public buildings to be used by third parties for installations thatproduce energy from renewable sources.
(11) In drafting building regulations and codes, the Building an d
Construction Authority shall promote the use of renewable heati ng and
cooling systems and equipment th at achieve a significant reduct ion of
energy consumption:
S.L. 513.01. Provided that use shall be made of energy or eco-labels or
other appropriate certificates or standards developed at nation al or
Union level, where these exist , and, the provision of adequate
information and advice on renewable, highly energy efficientalternatives as well as eventual financial instruments and incentives
available in the case of replace ment, with a view to promoting an
increased replacement rate of old heating systems and an increa sed
switch to solutions based on renewable energy in accordance wit h the
Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations shall be ensured.
(12) The Minister shall carry out  an assessment of the potential
of energy from renewable sources and of the use of waste heat and
cold in the heating and cooling sector. 
S.L. 545.33. (13) The assessment referred to in sub-regulation (12) shall,
where appropriate, include spatial  analysis of areas suitable f or low-
ecological-risk deployment and th e potential for small-scale household
projects and shall be included in the second comprehensive assessmentrequired pursuant to the Energy Ef ficiency Regulations for the first
time by 31 December 2020 and in t he subsequent updates of the
comprehensive assessments.
(14) The Minister shall assess th e regulatory and administrative
barriers to long-term renewables power purchase agreements, and  shall
remove unjustified barriers to, and facilitate the uptake of, s uch
agreements, whilst ensuring that  those agreements are not subje ct to
disproportionate or discrimina tory procedures or charges.
(15) Policies and measures facil itating the uptake of renewables
power purchase agreements shall b e described in Malta’s integrated
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national energy and climate plans and progress reports pursuant  t o
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(16) Sub-regulations (14) and (15)  shall be without prejudice to
the exercise of the derogations granted under Article 66 of Dir ective
(EU) 2019/944 of the European P arliament and of the Council of 5
June 2019 on common rules for the internal market for electrici ty and
amending Directive  2012/27/EU (recast). 
Organisation 
and duration of 
the permit-
granting process.19. (1) The Regulator shall coordinate with the relevant
authorities the setting up of one or more contact points relate d to the
permit-granting process.
(2) The contact points described in sub-regulation (1) shall,
upon request, guide the applicant through and facilitate the en tire
administrative permit applicati on and granting process. The app licant
shall not be required to contact more than one contact point fo r the
entire process.
(3) The permit-granting process referred to in sub-regulation
(2) shall cover the relevant adm inistrative permits to build, r epower
and operate plants for the production of energy from renewable
sources and assets necessary for their connection to the grid a nd shall
comprise all procedures from th e acknowledgment of the receipt of the
application to the transmission of  the outcome of the procedure
referred to in sub-regulation (4).
(4) The contact point shall guide the applicant through the
administrative permit applicati on process in a transparent mann er up to
the delivery of one or several decisions by the responsible aut horities
at the end of the process, provi de the applicant with all neces sary
information and involve, where appropriate, other administrativ e
authorities. Applicants shall be allowed to submit relevant doc uments
also in digital form.
(5) The contact point shall make available a manual of
procedures for developers of re newable energy production projec ts
and shall provide that informat ion also online, addressing dist inctly
also small-scale projects and renewables self-consumers project s.
(6) Information shall be made av ailable online to indicate the
contact point relevant to the applicant's application. 
(7) Without prejudice to sub-re gulation (11), the permit-
granting process referred to in sub-regulation (1) shall not ex ceed two
(2) years for power plants, including all relevant procedures o f
competent authorities:
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Provided that where duly justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, that two (2) year period may be extended
by up to one (1) year.
(8) Without prejudice to sub-regulation (11), the permit-
granting process shall not exceed  one (1) year for installation s with an
electrical capacity of less than 150 kW: 
Provided that where duly justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, that one year period may be extend ed by
up to one (1) year.
(9) The relevant permit and authorisation issuing bodies shall
ensure that applicants have easy access to simple procedures fo r the
settlement of disputes concerning the permit-granting process a nd the
issuance of permits to build and operate renewable energy plant s,
including, where applicable, al ternative dispute resolution
mechanisms.
(10) The Regulator, the Planning Authority and the
Environment and Resources Aut hority and any other relevant
authority, shall facilitate the repowering of existing renewable energy
plants by ensuring a simplified and swift permit-granting proce ss
which shall not exceed one (1) year:
Provided that where duly justified on the grounds of
extraordinary circumstances, such as on grounds of overriding s afety
reasons where the repowering pr oject impacts substantially on t he grid
or the original capacity, size or performance of the installation, that
one (1)-year period may be extended by up to one (1) year.
(11) The time periods established  in this regulation shall apply
without prejudice to obligations  under applicable Union environ mental
law, to judicial appeals, remedie s and other proceedings before  a court
or tribunal, and to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms,including complaints procedures, non-judicial appeals and remed ies,
and may be extended for the duration of such procedures.
(12) The time periods established  in this regulation shall run
from the date upon which the rela tive permit or authorisation i ssuing
body acknowledges the submission of the application, provided t hat
where the application documenta tion is incomplete or where the
permit or authorisation issuing body requires the applicant to submit
further information which is necessary for the processing of th e
application, the permit or author isation issuing body shall acc ordingly
issue a request to the applicant and the period sh all be suspen ded from
the date upon which the request is issued until such time as th e
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applicant complies with such request.
Simple-
notification 
procedure for 
grid connections.20. (1) The Regulator shall establish a simple-notification
procedure for grid connections whereby installations or aggrega ted
production units of renewables s elf-consumers and demonstration
projects, with an el ectrical capacity of 10.8kW or less, or of a capacity
which is equivalent thereto for connections other than three-ph ase
connections, are to be connected to the grid following a notifi cation to
the distribution system operator. 
(2) The distribution system ope rator may, within a limited
period following the notification referred to in sub-regulation  ( 1 ) ,
reject the requested grid connection or propose an alternative grid
connection point on justified grounds of safety concerns or tec hnical
incompatibility of the system components: 
Provided that the installation or aggregated production unit
may be connected in the case of a positive decision by the dist ribution
system operator, or in the absence of a decision by the distrib ution
system operator within one (1) mon th following the notification .
(3) The Regulator may allow a s imple-notification procedure
for installations or aggregated production units with an electr ical
capacity of above 10.8kW and up to 50kW, provided that grid sta bility,
grid reliability and grid safety are maintained.
Information and training. 21. (1) The Regulator, the Building and Construction
Authority, the Permanent Secretary responsible for Social Polic y and,
or Social Accommodation and any other relevant public authoriti es
shall make available informati on on support measures falling un der
their respective remit to all relevant actors, such as consumer s
including low-income, vulnerable consumers, renewables self-
consumers, renewable energy communities, builders, installers, periti ,
suppliers of heating, cooling a nd electricity equipment and sys tems,
and suppliers of vehicles compati ble with the use of renewable energy
and of intelligent transport systems.
(2) Suppliers of equipment and systems for the use of heating,
cooling and electricity from ren ewable sources shall make avail able
information on the net benefits, cost and energy efficiency of such
equipment and systems.
(3) The Regulator shall coordinate with the appropriate
persons and entities to ensure that in so far as is reasonable,certification schemes or equivale nt qualification schemes are a vailable
for installers of small-scale biomass boilers and stoves, solar
photovoltaic and solar thermal sy stems, shallow geothermal syst ems
and heat pumps:
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 Provided that the Regulator may take into account existing
schemes and structures  as appropriate, and which shall be based  on the
criteria laid down in the Fourth Schedule. Certification awarde d by
other Member States in accordan c e  w i t h  t h o s e  c r i t e r i a  s h a l l  b e
recognised.
(4) Information on certificat ion schemes or equivalent
qualification schemes as referre d to in sub-regulation (3) shal l be made
available to the public by the Regulator: 
Provided that the list of ins tallers who are qualified or
certified in accordance with sub-regulation (3) shall be made a vailable
to the public.
(5) The Building and Construction Authority, shall ensure that
guidance is made available to all  relevant actors, in particula r to
planners and periti  to enable them to properly consider the optimal
combination of energy from renewa ble sources, of high-efficienc y
technologies, and of district heating and cooling when planning ,
designing, building and renovati ng industrial, commercial or
residential areas.
(6) The Regulator, where appropr iate with the participation
relevant public authorities, sha ll develop suitable information ,
awareness-raising, guidance or training programmes in order to inform
citizens of how to exercise their  rights as active customers, a nd of the
benefits and practicalities, inc luding technical and financial aspects, of
developing and using energy from  renewable sources, including b y
renewables self-consumption or in t he framework of renewable energy
communities.
Access to and 
operation of the grids. 
S.L. 545.12.22.  (1)  Where relevant, the Regulator shall require
transmission system operators and distribution system operators  i n
their territory to publish technical rules in accordance with r egulation
10 of the Natural Gas Market Regulations, in particular regarding
network connection rules that i nclude gas quality, gas odoratio n and
gas pressure r equirements.
(2) The Regulator sha ll require transmission and distribution
system operators to publish th e connection tariffs to connect g as from
renewable sources based on objective, transparent and non-
discriminatory criteria.
(3) Subject to the assessment  included in the integrated
national energy and climate plan s in accordance with Annex I to
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the necessity to build new
infrastructure for district heating and cooling from renewable sources
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in order to achieve the Union target described in sub-regulatio n (1) of
regulation 3, the Minister shall ensure that the necessary incentives
and regulatory framework are in place such that district heatin g and
cooling infrastructure can accom modate heating and cooling from
large biomass, solar energy, ambient energy and geothermal energyfacilities and from waste heat and cold.
Renewables 
self-consumers. 23. (1) The Minister shall provide a regulatory framework to
ensure that consumers are entitled to become renewables self-
consumers, subject to this regulation.
(2) The regulatory framework ref erred to in sub-regulation (1)
shall ensure that renewables self-consumers, individually or th rough
aggregators, are entitled:
(a) to generate renewable energy, including for their own
consumption, store and sell th eir excess producti on of renewabl e
electricity, including through renewables power purchase
agreements, electricity supplie rs and peer-to-peer trading
arrangements, without being subject:
(i) in relation to the electricity that they consume
from or feed into the grid, to discriminatory ordisproportionate procedures and charges, and to networkcharges that are not cost-reflective;
( i i ) i n  r e l a t i o n  t o  t h e i r  s elf-generated electricity
from renewable sources remaini ng within their premises, to
discriminatory or disproportionate procedures, and to any
charges or fees;
(b) to install and operate electricity storage systems
combined with installations gener ating renewable electricity fo r
self-consumption without liability for any double charge,
including network charges, for  stored electricity remaining
within their premises;
(c) to maintain their rights and obligations as final
consumers;
(d) to receive remuneration, including, where applicable,
through support schemes, for the self-generated renewableelectricity that they feed into the grid, which reflects the market
value of that electricity and which may take into account its
long-term value to the grid, t he environment and society.
(3) Non-discriminatory and pro portionate charges and fees to
renewables self-consumers may apply in relation to their self-
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generated renewable electricity remaining within their premises  in one
or more of the following cases:
(a) if the self-generated renewable electricity is
effectively supported via support schemes, only to the extent t hat
the economic viability of the project and the incentive effect of
such support are not undermined;
(b) from 1 December 2026, if the overall share of self-
consumption installations exceeds eight per cent (8%) of the
total installed electricity capacity in Malta, and if it is
demonstrated, by means of a cost- benefit analysis performed by
the Regulator, which is conducted by way of an open, transparen t
and participatory process, tha t the provision laid down in sub-
paragraph (ii) of paragraph (a) of sub-regulation (2) either re sults
in a significant disproportionate burden on the long-term
financial sustainability of the electric system, or creates an
incentive exceeding what is objectively needed to achieve cost-
effective deployment of renewable energy, and that such burdenor incentive cannot be minimised by taking other reasonable
actions; or
(c) if the self-generated ren ewable electricity is produced
in installations with a total installed electrical capacity of morethan 30kW.
(4) The regulatory framework referred to in sub-regulation (1)
shall provide that renewables sel f-consumers located in the same
building, including multi-apartment blocks, are entitled to eng age
jointly in activities referred to in sub-regulation (2) and tha t they are
permitted to arrange sharing of renewable energy that is produc ed on
their site or sites between them selves, without prejudice to th e network
charges and other relevant charges, fees, levies and taxes appl icable to
each renewables self-consumer a nd without prejudice to the prov isions
of sub-regulation (9). 
(5) The regulatory framewor k may differentiate between
individual renewables self-consum ers and jointly acting renewab les
self-consumers, provided that any  such differentiation shall be
proportionate and duly justified.
(6) The renewables self-consumer's installation may be owned
by a third party or managed by a third party for installation, operation,
including metering and maintenance, provided that the third par ty
remains subject to the renewable s self-consumer's instructions,
whereby the third party itself  shall not be considered to be a
renewables self-consumer.
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(7) The Minister shall put in place an enabling framework to
promote and facilitate the dev elopment of renewables self-
consumption based on an assessment of the existing unjustified
barriers to, and of the potential  of, renewables self-consumpti on in
Malta, where the enab ling framework shall, inter alia :
(a) address accessibility of re newables self-consumption
to all final customers, including those in low-income or
vulnerable households;
(b) address unjustified barriers to the financing of
projects in the market and m easures to facilitate access to
finance;
(c) address other unjustified regulatory barriers to
renewables self-consumption, including for tenants;
(d) address incentives to building owners to create
opportunities for renewables self-consumption, including for
tenants;
(e) grant renewables self-cons umers, for self-generated
renewable electricity that they feed into the grid, non-discriminatory access to relevant existing support schemes as
well as to all electricity market segments;
(f) ensure that renewables self-consumers contribute in
an adequate and balanced way to the overall cost sharing of thesystem when electricit y is fed into the grid.
(8) A summary of the policies a nd measures under the enabling
framework and an assessment of their implementation respectivel y
shall be reported in Malta’s integrated national energy and cli mate
plans and progress reports pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(9) This regulation shall apply without prejudice to Articles
107 and 108 TFEU and shall furthermore apply without prejudice to
Malta’s right to exercise the derogations granted pursuant to A rticle 66
of Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of th e
Council of 5 June 2019 on common ru les for the internal market for
electricity and amending Dire ctive 2012/27/EU (recast).
Renewable 
energy 
communities. 
S.L. 545. 34.24. (1)  The regulatory framework for citizen energy
communities envisaged by regulati on 13 of the Electricity Regul ations
shall ensure that final customers, in particular household cust omers,
are entitled to participate in a renewable energy community whi le
maintaining their rights or obligations as final customers, and without
being subject to unjustified or discriminatory conditions or procedures
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that would prevent their participation in a renewable energy
community, provided that for pri vate undertakings, their partic ipation
does not constitute their primary commercial or professional ac tivity.
(2) The regulatory framework shall ensure that renewable
energy communities are entitled to:
(a) produce, consume, store and sell renewable energy,
including through renewables  power purchase agreements;
(b) share, within the ren ewable energy community,
renewable energy that is produced by the production units ownedby that renewable energy community, subject to the other
requirements laid down in this regulation and to maintaining th e
rights and obligations of th e renewable energy community
members as customers;
(c) access all suitable energy markets both directly or
through aggregation in a non-discriminatory manner.
(3) The Minister shall carry out an assessment of the existing
barriers and potential of development of renewable energycommunities.
(4) The enabling framework shal l promote and facilitate the
development of renewable energy communities and shall ensure, inter
alia, that:
(a) unjustified regulatory a nd administrative barriers to
renewable energy comm unities are removed;
(b) renewable energy communities that supply energy or
provide aggregation or other c ommercial energy services are
subject to the provisions rel evant for such activities;
(c) the relevant distribution system operator cooperates
with renewable energy communities to facilitate energy transfer s
within renewable energy communities;
(d) renewable energy communities are subject to fair,
proportionate and transparent procedures, including registratio n
and licensing procedures, and cost -reflective network charges, as
well as relevant charges, levies and taxes, ensuring that they
contribute, in an adequate, fair and balanced way, to the overa ll
cost sharing of the system in lin e with a transparent cost-bene fit
analysis of distributed energy sources developed by the nationa l
competent authorities;
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(e) renewable energy communities are not subject to
discriminatory treatment with regard to their activities, right s
and obligations as final cust omers, producers, suppliers,
distribution system operators, or as other market participants;
(f) the participation in the renewable energy
communities is accessible to all  consumers, including those in
low-income or vulnerable households;
(g) tools to facilitate access to finance and information
are available;
(h) regulatory and capacity-building support is provided
to public authorities in enabling and setting up renewable ener gy
communities, and in helping authorities to particip ate directly ;
(i) rules to secure the equal and non-discriminatory
treatment of consumers that parti cipate in the renewable energy
community are in place.
(5) The main elements of the enabling framework referred to in
sub-regulation (4), and of its implementation, shall be part of  t h e
updates of the integrated national energy and climate plans and
progress reports pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
(6) The Regulatory framework may provide for renewable
energy communities to be open to cross-border participation.
(7) Without prejudice to Articles 107 and 108 TFEU, the
Minister shall take into account s pecificities of renewable energy
communities when designing support schemes in order to allow th em
to compete for support on an equal footing with other market
participants.
(8) This regulation shall apply without prejudice to Malta’s
right to exercise the derogations  g r a n t e d  p u r s u a n t  t o  A r t i c l e  6 6 of
Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of theCouncil of 5 June 2019 on common ru les for the internal market for
electricity and amending Dire ctive 2012/27/EU (recast).
Mainstreaming 
renewable energy in 
heating and 
cooling.25. (1) In order to promote the use of renewable energy in
the heating and cooling sector, the Minister shall endeavour to  increase
the share of renewable energy in that sector by an indicative 1.1
percentage points as an annual av erage calculated for the perio ds
2021-2025 and 2026-2030, starting from the share of renewableenergy in the heating and cooling sector i n 2020, expressed in terms of
national share of final energy consumption and calculated in
accordance with the methodology set out in regulations 7, 8 and  10,
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without prejudice to sub-regulations (2) to (5). 
(2) For the purposes of sub-regul ation (1), when calculating the
share of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector and  the
average annual increase in accordance with that sub-regulation,  t h e
Minister:
(a) may count waste heat and cold, subject to a limit of
forty per cent (40%) of the a verage annual increase;
(b) where its share of renewable energy in the heating
and cooling sector is above sixty per cent (60%), may count any
such share as fulfilling the average annual increase; and
(c) where its share of renewable energy in the heating
and cooling sector is above fifty  per cent (50%) and up to sixt y
per cent (60%), may c ount any such share as fulfilling half of the
average annual increase.
(3) When deciding which measures  to adopt for the purposes of
deploying energy from renewable sources in the heating and cool ing
sector, the Minister may take in to account cost-effectiveness reflecting
structural barriers arising from the high share of natural gas or cooling,
or from a dispersed settlement structure with low population de nsity.
(4) Where measures would result  in a lower average annual
increase than that referred to i n sub-regulation (1), the Minis ter shall
make it public through the inclusion within the integrated nati onal
energy and climate progress repo rts pursuant to Article 20 of
Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, and provide the Commission withreasons, including of choice of measures as referred to in sub-
regulation (2).
(5) On the basis of objective and non-discriminatory criteria,
the Minister may establish and ma ke public a list of measures and may
designate and make public the implementing entities, such as fu el
suppliers, public or professiona l bodies, which are to contribu te to the
average annual increase referred to in sub-regulation (1).
(6) In order to promote the objectives laid down in sub-
regulation (1), the Minister may implement, inter alia , one or more of
the following options:
(a) physical incorporation of renewable energy or waste
heat and cold in the energy and energy fuel supplied for heatin g
and cooling;
(b) direct mitigation measures  such as the installation of
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highly efficient renewable heating and cooling systems in
buildings, or the use of renewable energy or waste heat and col d
in industrial heating and cooling processes;
(c) indirect mitigation measures covered by tradable
certificates proving compliance with the obligation laid down i n
sub-regulation (1) through s upport to indirect mitigation
measures, carried out by anothe r economic operator such as an
independent renewable technology installer or energy service
company providing renewable  installation services;
(d) other policy measures, wi th an equivalent effect, to
reach the average annual increas e referred to in sub-regulation
(1), including fiscal measures o r other financial incentives.
(7) When adopting and implementing the measures referred to
in sub-regulation (6), the Minister shall aim to ensure the acc essibility
of measures to all consumers, in particular those in low-income  o r
vulnerable households, who would not otherwise possess sufficie nt up-
front capital to benefit.
S.L. 545.33.(8) The Minister may use the structures established under the
national energy savings obligati ons set out in regulation 8 of the
Energy Efficiency Regulations to implement and monitor the measuresreferred to in sub-regulation (5).
(9) Where entities are designated under sub-regulation (5), the
Minister shall ensure that the contribution by those designated  entities
is measurable and verifiable.
(10) Designated entities under s ub-regulation (5) shall report
annually to the Regulator on:
(a) the total amount of energy supplied for heating and
cooling;
(b) the total amount of renewable energy supplied for
heating and cooling;
(c) the amount of waste heat and cold supplied for
heating and cooling;
(d) the share of renewable energy and waste heat and
cold in the total amount of energy supplied for heating andcooling; and
(e) the type of renewable energy source.
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(11) The Regulator shall verify the reported contributions
submitted in line with sub-regulation (10) and report these to the
Minister in aggregated form. 
District heating 
and cooling. 26. Suppliers shall provide information on the energy
performance and the share of renewable energy in their district  heating
and cooling systems to their fin al consumers in an easily acces sible
manner, on their websites, on annual bills and upon request.
Mainstreaming 
renewable 
energy in the 
transport sector.27. (1) The Minister shall set an obligation on fuel suppliers
to ensure that the share of renewable energy within the final
consumption of energy in the tra nsport sector is at least fourt een per
cent (14%) by 2030 (minimum share)  in accordance with an indica tive
trajectory set by the Minister and calculated in accordance wit h the
methodology set out in regulations 28 and 29. 
(2) For the purposes of setting th e obligation referred to in sub-
regulation (1), the Minister ma y exempt, or distinguish between ,
different fuel suppliers and dif ferent energy carriers when set ting the
obligation on the fuel suppliers, ensuring that the varying deg rees of
maturity and the cost of different technologies are taken into account.
(3) For the calculation of the minimum share referred to in sub-
regulation (1), the Regulator:
(a) shall take into account renewable liquid and gaseous
transport fuels of non-biological  origin also when they are used
as intermediate products for t he production of conventional
fuels; and
(b) may take into account recycled carbon fuels.
(4) Within the minimum share re ferred to in sub-regulation (1),
the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from the
feedstock listed in Part A of th e Fifth Schedule as a share of final
consumption of energy in the tra nsport sector sha ll be at least zero
point two per cent (0.2%) in 2022, at least one per cent (1%) i n 2025
and at least three point five per cent (3.5%) in 2030:
Provided that the Minister may exempt fuel suppliers
supplying fuel in the form of el ectricity or renewable liquid and
gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin from the requi rement
to comply with the minimum share  of advanced biofuels and biogas
with respect to those fuels.
(5) When setting the obligation referred to in sub-regulations
(1) and (4) to ensure the achievement of the share set out ther ein, the
Minister may do so, inter alia , by means of measures targeting
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volumes, energy content or gree nhouse gas emissions, provided t hat it
is demonstrated that the said minimum shares are achieved.
(6) The greenhouse gas emissions savings from the use of
renewable liquid and gaseous tra nsport fuels of non-biological origin
shall be at least seventy per cent (70 %) from 1 January 2021.
Specific rules 
for biofuels, bioliquids and 
biomass fuels 
produced from food and feed 
crops.28. (1) For the calculation of Malta’s gross final
consumption of energy from ren ewable sources referred to in
regulation 8 and the minimum shar e referred to in the sub-regul ation
(1) of regulation 27, the share of biofuels and bioliquids, as well as of
biomass fuels consumed in transport, where produced from food a nd
feed crops, shall be no more tha n one percentage point higher t han the
share of such fuels in the final consumption of energy in the r oad and
rail transport sectors in Malta in 2020 with a maximum of seven per
cent (7%) of final consumption of  energy in the road and rail transport
sectors:
Provided that where that share is below one per cent (1%),
it may be increased to a maximum of two per cent (2%) of the fi nal
consumption of energy in the roa d and rail transport sectors.
L.N. 505 of 
2021.(2) The Minister may set a lower limit and may distinguish, for
the purposes of regulation 3 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids and Bi omass
Fuels (Sustainability Criteria)  Regulations, 2021 between diffe rent
biofuels, bioliquids and biomas s fuels produced from food and feed
crops, taking into account best available evidence on indirect land-use
change impact, including, for example, the option to set a lowe r limit
for the share of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produce d from
oil crops.
(3) Where the share of biofuels  and bioliquids, as well as of
biomass fuels consumed in trans port, produced from food and fee d
crops in Malta is limited to a share lower than seven per cent (7%) or
the Minister decides to limit th e share further, the minimum sh are
referred to in sub-article (1) of regulation 27 may be accordin gly
reduced, by a maximum of seven percentage points (7%).
(4) For the calculation of Malta’s gross final consumption of
energy from renewable sources referred to in regulation 8 and the
minimum share referred to in sub-regulation (1) of regulation 2 7, the
share of high indirect land-use change-risk biofuels, bioliquid s or
biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops for which asignificant expansion of the production area into land with high-carbon
stock is observed shall not exceed the level of consumption of such
fuels in Malta in 2019, unless they are certified to be low ind irect
landuse change-risk biofuels, bioliquids or biomass fuels pursuant to
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legislation issued to this effect by the Commission in line wit h
paragraph 2 of Article 2 6 of the Directive: 
 Provided that from the 1st of January 2024, such fuels shall
not be taken into account for said calculations.
Calculation 
rules with 
regard to the 
minimum shares of renewable 
energy in the 
transport sector.29. (1) For the calculation of the minimum shares referred to
in sub-regulations (1) and (4) of regulation 27 the following p rovisions
shall apply:
(a) for the calculation of the denominator, that is the
energy content of road and rail-transport fuels supplied for
consumption or use on the market, petrol, diesel, natural gas,
biofuels, biogas, renewable liqui d and gaseous transport fuels of
non-biological origin, recycled carbon fuels and electricity
supplied to the road and rail transport sectors, shall be taken  into
account;
(b) for the calculation of the numerator, that is the
amount of energy from renewable sources consumed in the
transport sector for the pur poses of sub-regulation (1) of
regulation 27 the energy content of all types of energy from
renewable sources supplied to all transport sectors, including
renewable electricity supplied to  the road and rail transport
sectors, shall be taken into account and recycled carbon fuels
may also be taken into account; and
(c) for the calculation of both numerator and
denominator, the values regarding the energy content of transpo rt
fuels set out in the Third Schedule shall be used: 
Provided that in order to determine the calorific values of
fuels, the relevant European Standards Organisation (ESO) stand ards
shall be used for the determinat ion of the energy content of tr ansport
fuels not included in the Third Schedule, and where no ESO standardhas been adopted for that purpose, the relevant International
Organization for Standardisation (ISO) standards shall be used.
(2) For the purposes of demons trating compliance with the
minimum shares referred to in regulation 27:
(a) the share of biofuels and biogas for transport
produced from the feedstock listed in the Fifth Schedule may be
considered to be twice its energy content;
(b) the share of renewable el ectricity shall be considered
to be four times its energy content when supplied to road
vehicles and may be considered t o be 1.5 times its energy content
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when supplied to rail transport;
(c) with the exception of fuels produced from food and
feed crops, the share of fuels supplied in the aviation and
maritime sectors sha ll be considered to be 1.2 times their ener gy
content.
(3) For the calculation of the share of renewable electricity in
the electricity supplied to road and rail vehicles for the purposes of
sub-regulation (1), the two-yea r period before the year in whic h the
electricity is supplied in Malta shall be referred to. 
(4) By way of derogation from s ub-regulation (3), to determine
the share of electricity for the purposes of sub-regulation (1) , in the
case of electricity obtained from a direct connection to an ins tallation
generating renewable el ectricity and supplied to road vehicles,  t h a t
electricity shall be fully counted as renewable.
(5) For the purposes of this regul ation, where electricity is us ed
for the production of renewable l iquid and gaseous transport fu els of
non-biological origin, either dir ectly or for the production of
intermediate products, the averag e share of electricity from re newable
sources in the country of production, as meas ured two years bef ore the
year in question, shall be used to  determine the share of renew able
energy.
(6) Electricity obtained fro m direct connection to an
installation generating renewable electricity may be fully counted as
renewable electricity where it is used for the production of re newable
liquid and gaseous transport fuel s of non-biological origin, provided
that the installation:
(a) comes into operation after, or at the same time as, the
installation producing the renewable liquid and gaseous transpo rt
fuels of non-biological origin; and
(b) is not connected to the grid  or is connected  to the grid
but evidence can be provided that the electricity concerned hasbeen supplied without taking el ectricity from the grid.
(7) Electricity that has been taken from the grid may be
counted as fully renewable provided that it is produced exclusi vely
from renewable sources and the renewable properties and otherappropriate criteria have been demonstrated, ensuring that the
renewable properties of that e lectricity are claimed only once and only
in one end-use sector.
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Other provisions 
on renewable 
energy in the transport sector. 
S.L.545.28.30. (1)  The relevant economic operators shall submit
information on the transactions made and the sustainability
characteristics of liquid and ga seous transport fuels that are eligible for
being counted towards the numerat or referred to in paragraph (b ) of
sub-regulation (1) of regulation 29 or that are taken into acco unt for
the purposes referred to in paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of sub -
regulation (1) of regulation 3 of the Biofuels, Bioliquids andBiomass Fuels (Sustainability Criteria) Regulations, 2021,including their life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions, starting f rom their
point of production to the fuel supplier that places the fuel on themarket. 
(2) The submission referred to in  sub-regulation (1) shall be in
the form of an entry made by the economic operators into the Un ion
database put in place by the C ommission to enable the tracing o f the
fuels described in sub-regulation (2).
(3) Fuel suppliers shall enter  the information necessary to
verify compliance with the re quirements laid down in the sub-
regulations (1) and (4) of regulation 27 into the Union databas e. 
 S.L. 460.32. (4) By the 31st December 2021, the Minister shall take
measures to ensure the availabil ity of fuels from renewable sou rces for
transport and to ensure publicly  accessible high-power recharging
points whilst the Minister responsible for Transport shall takemeasures to ensure the availabili ty of refuelling infrastructur e in line
with the national policy framework drawn up as a requirement ofDirective 2014/94/EU. 
Administrative 
fines.31. (1) The Regulator may impose an administrative fine
upon any person who infringes any provision of these regulation s or
who fails to comply with any directive or decision given by the
Regulator in ensuring compliance with these regulations.
(2) An administrative fine imposed under sub-regulation (1)
shall not exceed one hundred thousand euro (€100,000) for eachcontravention.
Repeal. 32. The Promotion of Energy from Renewable Sources
Regulations are hereby repealed.
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FIRST SCHEDULE
(regulation 9)  
Normalisation Rule for Accounti ng for Electricity Generated
from Hydropower and Wind Power
The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of
accounting for electricity generated from hydropower in Malta:
where:
The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of
accounting for electricity generated from onshore wind power in
Malta:
where:
N = reference year;
QN(nor
m)= normalised electricity generated  by all hydropower plants in M alta in year N, for accounting
purposes;
Qi = the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all hydropower plants in Malta
measured in GWh, excluding production from pumped storage units  using water that has
previously been pumped uphill;
Ci = the total installed capacity, net of pumped storage, of all hydropower plants in Malta at the
end of year i, measured in MW.
N =reference year;
QN(n
orm)=normalised electricity generated  by all onshore wind power pla nts in Maltain
year N, for accounting purposes;
Qi=the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by all onshore wind
power plants in Malta measured in GWh;
Cj=the total installed capacity o f all the onshore wind power pla nts in Malta at the
end of year j, m easured in MW;
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The following rule shall be applied for the purposes of
accounting for electricity generated from offshore wind power i n
Malta:
where:
SECOND SCHEDULE 
(regulations 10 and 11)
Accounting of Energy from Heat Pumps
The amount of aerothermal, geothermal or hydrothermal energy
captured by heat pumps to be considered to be energy from renew able
sources for the purposes  of this Directive, ERES, shall be calculated in
accordance with the following formula:
ERES= Qusable * (1 – 1/SPF)
wheren =4 or the number of years preced ing year N for which capacity and production
data are available for Malta, whichever is lower.
N =reference year;
QN(n
orm)=normalised electricity generated by all offshore wind power pl ants in Malta in
year N, for accounting purposes;
Qi=the quantity of electricity actually generated in year i by al l offshore wind
power plants in Ma lta measured in GWh;
Cj=the total installed capacity of all the offshore wind power pl ants in Malta at the
end of year j, measured in MW;
n =4 or the number of years preced ing year N for which capacity and production
data are available for Malta in question, whichever is lower.
Qusable = the estimated total usable heat
delivered by heat pumps fulfilling
the criteria referred to in regulation11, implemented as follows: Onlyheat pumps for which SPF>1.15* 1/η shall be taken into account,
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THIRD SCHEDULE
(regulations 11 and 29)
Energy Content of FuelsSPF = the estimated average seasonal
performance factor for those heat
pumps,
η = the ratio between total gross
production of electricity and theprimary energy consumption for theproduction of electricity and shallbe calculated as an EU averagebased on Eurostat data.
Fuel Energy content
by weight (lower
calorific value,
MJ/kg)Energy contentby volume (lower
calorific value,
MJ/l)
FUELS FROM BIOMASS AND/OR BIO MASS PROCESSING OPERATIONS
Bio-Propane 46 24
Pure vegetable oil (oil produced from oil
plants through pressing, extraction orcomparable procedures, crude or refined butchemically unmodified)37 34
Biodiesel - fatty acid methyl ester (methyl-
ester produced from oil of biomass origin)37 33
Biodiesel - fatty acid et hyl ester (ethyl-ester
produced from oil of biomass origin)38 34
Biogas that can be pur ified to natural gas
quality50 —
Hydrotreated (thermoch emically treated with
hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to be used for
replacement of diesel44 34
Hydrotreated (thermoch emically treated with
hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to be used forreplacement of petrol45 30
Hydrotreated (thermoch emically treated with
hydrogen) oil of biomass origin, to be used forreplacement of jet fuel44 34
Hydrotreated oil (the rmochemically treated
with hydrogen) of biomass origin, to be usedfor replacement of liquefied petroleum gas46 24
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Co-processed oil (pro cessed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of biomass or
pyrolysed biomass origin to be used forreplacement of diesel43 36
Co-processed oil (pro cessed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of biomass orpyrolysed biomass origin, to be used to replacepetrol44 32
Co-processed oil (pro cessed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of biomass orpyrolysed biomass origin, to be used to replacejet fuel43 33
Co-processed oil (pro cessed in a refinery
simultaneously with fossil fuel) of biomass or
pyrolysed biomass origin, to be used to replace
liquefied petroleum gas46 23
RENEWABLE FUELS THAT CAN BE PRODUCED FROM VARIOUSRENEWABLE SOURCES, INCLUDING BIOMASS
Methanol from renewable sources 20 16
Ethanol from renewable sources 27 21Propanol from renewable sources 31 25
Butanol from renewable sources 33 27
Fischer-Tropsch diesel (a synthetic
hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetichydrocarbons to be used for replacement ofdiesel)44 34
Fischer-Tropsch petrol (a synthetichydrocarbon or mixture of synthetichydrocarbons produced from biomass, to beused for replacem ent of petrol)44 33
Fischer-Tropsch jet fuel (a synthetic
hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetic
hydrocarbons produced from biomass, to beused for replacem ent of jet fuel)44 33
Fischer-Tropsch liquefied petroleum gas (asynthetic hydrocarbon or mixture of synthetichydrocarbons, to be use d for replacement of
liquefied petroleum gas46 24
DME (dimethylether) 28 19
Hydrogen from renewable sources 120 —
ETBE (ethyl-tertio-butyl-ether produced on
the basis of ethanol)36 (of which 37% 
from renewable 
sources)27 (of which 37% 
from renewable 
sources)
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FOURTH SCHEDULE
(regulation 21)
Certification of  Installers
The certification schemes or e quivalent qualification schemes
referred to in sub-regulation (3) of regulation 21 shall be bas ed on the
following criteria:
1. The certification or qualif ication process shall be
transparent and clearl y defined by the Regulator.
2. Installers of biomass, heat pump, shallow geothermal and
solar photovoltaic and solar ther mal energy shall be certified by an
accredited training programme or training provider.
3. The accreditation of the training programme or provider
shall be effected by an appointed body, following discussions between
the Minister and the relevant competent authority. The Regulato r shall
ensure that the training programme offered by the training prov ider has
continuity and regional or national coverage. The training providershall have adequate technical facilities to provide practical t raining,
including some laboratory equipment or corresponding facilities  t o
provide practical training. The training provider shall also of fer in
addition to the basic training, shorter refresher courses on topicalMTBE (methyl-tertio-butyl-ether produced on
the basis of methanol)35 (of which 22% 
from renewable 
sources)26 (of which 22% 
from renewable 
sources)
TAEE (tertiary-amyl-et hyl-ether produced on
the basis of ethanol)38 (of which 29% 
from renewable 
sources)29 (of which 29% 
from renewable 
sources)
TAME (tertiary-amyl-methyl-ether producedon the basis of methanol)36 (of which 18% 
from renewable 
sources)28 (of which 18% 
from renewable 
sources)
THxEE (tertiary-hexyl-ethyl-ether producedon the basis of ethanol)38 (of which 25% 
from renewable 
sources)30 (of which 25% 
from renewable 
sources)
THxME (tertiary-hexyl-methyl-etherproduced on the basis of methanol)38 of which 14% 
from renewable 
sources)30 (of which 14% 
from renewable 
sources)
FOSSIL FUELS
Petrol 43 32
Diesel 43 36
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issues, including on new technolog ies, to enable life-long lear ning in
installations. The training provider may be the manufacturer of  t h e
equipment or system, institutes or associations. 
4. The training leading to certification or qualification of an
installer shall include theoret ical and practical parts. At the end of the
training, the installer must have the skills required to instal l the
relevant equipment and systems to meet the performance and
reliability needs of the customer, incorporate quality craftsma nship,
and comply with all applicable c odes and standards, including e nergy
and eco-labelling. 
5. The training course shall end with an examination leading
to a certificate or qualificati on. The examination shall includ e a
practical assessment of successf ully installing biomass boilers o r
stoves, heat pumps, shallow geothermal installations, solar
photovoltaic or solar the rmal installations. 
6. The certification schemes or equivalent qualification
schemes referred to in sub-regulation (3) of regulation 21 shall takedue account of the following guidelines:
(a) Accredited training programmes should be offered to
installers with work experience, who have undergone, or areundergoing, the following types of training:
(i) in the case of biomass boiler and stove
installers: training as a plumber, pipe fitter, heatingengineer or technician of sa nitary and heating or cooling
equipment as a pre-requisite;
(ii) in the case of heat pump installers: training as a
plumber or refrigeration engi neer and have basic electrical
and plumbing skills (cutting pipe, soldering pipe joints,gluing pipe joints, lagging, sealing fittings, testing for leak s
and installation of heating or cooling systems) as a
prerequisite;
(iii) in the case of a solar photovoltaic or solar
thermal installer: training as a plumber or electrician andhave plumbing, electrical a nd roofing skills, including
knowledge of soldering pipe j oints, gluing pipe joints,
sealing fittings, testing for plumbing leaks, ability toconnect wiring, familiar with ba sic roof materials, flashing
and sealing methods as a prerequisite; or
(iv) a vocational training scheme to provide an
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installer with adequate skills  corresponding to a three years
education in the skills referre d to in paragraphs (a), (b) or
(c), including both classroom and workplace learning.
(b) The theoretical part of the biomass stove and boiler
installer training should give a n overview of the market situat ion
of biomass and cover ecological a spects, biomass fuels, logisti cs,
fire protection, related subsidies, combustion techniques, firing
systems, optimal hydraulic solutions, cost and profitability
comparison as well as the design, installation and maintenance of
biomass boilers and stoves. The training should also provide
good knowledge of any European s tandards for technology and
biomass fuels, such as pellets, and biomass related national an d
Union law.
(c) The theoretical part of  the heat pump installer
training should give an overview of the market situation for he at
pumps and cover geothermal resources and ground sourcetemperatures of different regions , soil and rock identification  for
thermal conductivity, regulations  on using geothermal resources ,
feasibility of using heat pumps in buildings and determining th e
most suitable heat pump sy stem, and knowledge about their
technical requirements, safety, air filtering, connection with the
heat source and system layout. The training should also providegood knowledge of any European standards for heat pumps, andof relevant national and Union law. The installer should
demonstrate the following key competences:
(i) a basic understanding of the physical and
operation principles of a heat pump, includingcharacteristics of the heat pump circle: context between
low temperatures of the heat sink, high temperatures of the
heat source, and the efficiency of the system, determination
of the coefficient of perform ance and seasona l performance
factor (SPF);
(ii) an understanding of the components and their
function within a heat pump circle, including the
compressor, expansion valve, evaporator, condenser,fixtures and fittings, lubri cating oil, refrigerant,
superheating and sub-cooling a nd cooling possibilities with
heat pumps; and
(iii) the ability to choose and size the components in
typical installation situati ons, including determining the
typical values of the heat load of different buildings and for
hot water production based on energy consumption,
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determining the capacity of th e heat pump on the heat load
for hot water production, on the storage mass of the
building and on interruptible current supply; determine thebuffer tank component and its volume and integration of a
second heating system.
(d) The theoretical part of the solar photovoltaic and
solar thermal installer training should give an overview of the
market situation of solar produc ts and cost and profitability
comparisons, and cover ecol ogical aspects, components,
characteristics and dimensioning of solar systems, selection of
accurate systems and dimensioning of components,
determination of the heat demand, fire protection, related
subsidies, as well as the desi gn, installation and maintenance of
solar photovoltaic and solar thermal installations. The training
should also provide good knowledg e of any European standards
for technology, and certification such as Solar Keymark, andrelated national and Union law. T he installer should demonstrate
the following key competences:
(i) the ability to work safely using the required
tools and equipment and implementing safety codes andstandards and to identify pl umbing, electrical and other
hazards associated with solar installations;
(ii) the ability to identify systems and their
components specific to active and passive systems,
including the mechanical des ign, and to determine the
components' location and system layout and configuration;
(iii) the ability to determine the required installation
area, orientation a nd tilt for the solar photovoltaic and solar
water heater, taking account of shading, solar access,
structural integrity, the appr opriateness of the installation
for the building or the climat e and to identify different
installation methods suitable fo r roof types and the balance
of system equipment require d for the installation; and
(iv) for solar photovoltaic systems in particular, the
ability to adapt the electrica l design, including determining
design currents, selecting appropriate conductor types and
ratings for each electrical cir cuit, determining appropriate
size, ratings and locations for all associated equipment and
subsystems and selecting an appropriate interconnection
point.
(e) The installer certification s hould be time restricted, so th at
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a refresher seminar or event would be necessary for continued
certification.
FIFTH SCHEDULE
(regulation 27)
Part A
Feedstocks for the production of biogas for transport and
advanced biofuels, the contributi on of which towards the minimu m
shares referred to in sub-regulations (1) and (4) of regulation  may be
considered to be twice their energy content: 
(a) Algae if cultivated on land in ponds or
photobioreactors; 
S.L. 549.63(b) Biomass fraction of mixed municipal waste, but not
separated household waste subject  to recycling targets under
paragraph (a) of item 12 of Schedule 5 of the Waste Regulations ; 
S.L. 549.63 (c) Biowaste as defined in regulation (4) of the Waste
Regulations from private households subject to separatecollection as defined in regulati on 4 of the aforesaid regulati ons; 
(d) Biomass fraction of industrial waste not fit for use in
the food or feed chain, includi ng material from retail and
wholesale and the agro-food and fish and aquaculture industry,
and excluding feedstocks listed in Part B of this Schedule; 
(e) straw; 
(f) animal manure and sewage sludge; 
(g) palm oil mill effluent and empty palm fruit bunches; (h) tall oil pitch; 
(i) crude glycerine; 
(j) bagasse; (k) grape marcs and wine lees; 
(l) nut shells; 
(m) husks; 
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(n) cobs cleaned of kernels of corn; 
(o) biomass fraction of wastes and residues from forestry
and forest-based industries, namely, bark, branches, pre-
commercial thinning, leaves, need les, tree tops, saw dust, cutt er
shavings, black liquor, brown liquor, fibre sludge, lignin and tall
oil; 
(p) other non-food cellulosic material; 
(q) other ligno-cellulosic material except saw logs and
veneer logs. 
Part B
Feedstocks for the production of biofuels and biogas for
transport, the contribution of w hich towards the minimum share
established in regulation 33 may be considered to be twice thei r energy
content: 
(a) used cooking oil; (b) animal fats classified as categories 1 and 2 in
accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009.
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SIXTH SCHEDULE
Consequential amendments to other legislation
LEGISLATION PROVISION PHRASE THAT
IS TO BE AMENDEDAMENDMENT
Regulator for
Energy and Water
Services Act - Cap.545First Schedule In the Maltese 
version, 
"Regolamenti dwar 
il-Promozzjoni ta’ Enerġija minn Sorsi 
li Jiġġeddu (L.S. 
545.11)""Regolamenti dwar il-Promozzjoni ta’ 
Enerġija minn Sorsi 
Rinnovabbli (L.S. 545.11.)"
Biofuels and
Bioliquids Market
Regulations – S.L.
545.15regulation 24 "Authorised
biofuels and, or
bioliquids operators
producing or
importing biofuel orbioliquids, whose
biofuels and, or
bioliquids are takeninto account for the
purposes of the
requirements ofregulations 3 and 4 of
the Promotion of
Energy fromRenewable Sources
Regulations""Authorised
biofuels and, or
bioliquids operators
producing or
importing biofuel orbioliquids, whose
biofuels and, or
bioliquids are takeninto account for the
purposes of the
requirements laiddown in the Promotion
of Energy from
Renewable SourcesRegulations"
Assignment of
Statutory MinisterialResponsibilities Act -
Cap. 561Schedule In the Maltese 
version, "Regolamenti dwar 
il-Promozzjoni ta’ 
Enerġija minn Sorsi li Jiġġeddu (L.S. 
545.11)""Regolamenti dwar 
il-Promozzjoni ta’ Enerġija minn Sorsi 
Rinnovabbli (L.S. 
545.11.)"
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_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ippubblikat mid-Dipartiment tal-Informazzjoni (doi.gov.mt) — Valletta — Published by the Department of Information (doi.gov.mt) — Valletta
Mitbugħ fl-Istamperija tal-Gvern fuq karta riċiklata — Printed at the Government Printing Press on recycled paper
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